diff --git a/core/java/android/net/CaptivePortal.java b/core/java/android/net/CaptivePortal.java
index ee05f28..3ab35e1 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/CaptivePortal.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/CaptivePortal.java
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@
  */
 package android.net;
 
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.annotation.TestApi;
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
@@ -28,15 +30,23 @@
  */
 public class CaptivePortal implements Parcelable {
     /** @hide */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public static final int APP_RETURN_DISMISSED    = 0;
     /** @hide */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public static final int APP_RETURN_UNWANTED     = 1;
     /** @hide */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public static final int APP_RETURN_WANTED_AS_IS = 2;
 
     private final IBinder mBinder;
 
     /** @hide */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public CaptivePortal(IBinder binder) {
         mBinder = binder;
     }
@@ -99,10 +109,25 @@
      * connectivity for apps because the captive portal is still in place.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public void useNetwork() {
         try {
             ICaptivePortal.Stub.asInterface(mBinder).appResponse(APP_RETURN_WANTED_AS_IS);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Log a captive portal login event.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
+    public void logEvent(int eventId, String packageName) {
+        try {
+            ICaptivePortal.Stub.asInterface(mBinder).logEvent(eventId, packageName);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/ConnectionInfo.java b/core/java/android/net/ConnectionInfo.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58d0e05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/net/ConnectionInfo.java
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+
+/**
+ * Describe a network connection including local and remote address/port of a connection and the
+ * transport protocol.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public final class ConnectionInfo implements Parcelable {
+    public final int protocol;
+    public final InetSocketAddress local;
+    public final InetSocketAddress remote;
+
+    @Override
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    public ConnectionInfo(int protocol, InetSocketAddress local, InetSocketAddress remote) {
+        this.protocol = protocol;
+        this.local = local;
+        this.remote = remote;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void writeToParcel(Parcel out, int flags) {
+        out.writeInt(protocol);
+        out.writeByteArray(local.getAddress().getAddress());
+        out.writeInt(local.getPort());
+        out.writeByteArray(remote.getAddress().getAddress());
+        out.writeInt(remote.getPort());
+    }
+
+    public static final Creator<ConnectionInfo> CREATOR = new Creator<ConnectionInfo>() {
+        public ConnectionInfo createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+            int protocol = in.readInt();
+            InetAddress localAddress;
+            try {
+                localAddress = InetAddress.getByAddress(in.createByteArray());
+            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid InetAddress");
+            }
+            int localPort = in.readInt();
+            InetAddress remoteAddress;
+            try {
+                remoteAddress = InetAddress.getByAddress(in.createByteArray());
+            } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid InetAddress");
+            }
+            int remotePort = in.readInt();
+            InetSocketAddress local = new InetSocketAddress(localAddress, localPort);
+            InetSocketAddress remote = new InetSocketAddress(remoteAddress, remotePort);
+            return new ConnectionInfo(protocol, local, remote);
+        }
+
+        public ConnectionInfo[] newArray(int size) {
+            return new ConnectionInfo[size];
+        }
+    };
+}
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java b/core/java/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
index c5cb1f5..68ac46c 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/ConnectivityManager.java
@@ -15,18 +15,26 @@
  */
 package android.net;
 
+import static android.net.IpSecManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_ID;
+
+import android.annotation.CallbackExecutor;
 import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.annotation.RequiresPermission;
 import android.annotation.SdkConstant;
 import android.annotation.SdkConstant.SdkConstantType;
 import android.annotation.SystemApi;
 import android.annotation.SystemService;
+import android.annotation.TestApi;
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.app.PendingIntent;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
-import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
+import android.net.IpSecManager.UdpEncapsulationSocket;
+import android.net.SocketKeepalive.Callback;
 import android.os.Binder;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.Handler;
@@ -55,13 +63,17 @@
 
 import libcore.net.event.NetworkEventDispatcher;
 
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
 import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.Socket;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
 
 /**
  * Class that answers queries about the state of network connectivity. It also
@@ -82,6 +94,7 @@
 @SystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE)
 public class ConnectivityManager {
     private static final String TAG = "ConnectivityManager";
+    private static final boolean DEBUG = Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.DEBUG);
 
     /**
      * A change in network connectivity has occurred. A default connection has either
@@ -125,8 +138,8 @@
     /**
      * A temporary hack until SUPL system can get off the legacy APIS.
      * They do too many network requests and the long list of apps listening
-     * and waking due to the CONNECTIVITY_ACTION bcast makes it expensive.
-     * Use this bcast intent instead for SUPL requests.
+     * and waking due to the CONNECTIVITY_ACTION broadcast makes it expensive.
+     * Use this broadcast intent instead for SUPL requests.
      * @hide
      */
     public static final String CONNECTIVITY_ACTION_SUPL =
@@ -152,7 +165,7 @@
      * call {@link CaptivePortal#reportCaptivePortalDismissed} so the system can
      * reevaluate the network. If reevaluation finds the network no longer
      * subject to a captive portal, the network may become the default active
-     * data network. </li>
+     * data network.</li>
      * <li> When the app handling this action believes the user explicitly wants
      * to ignore the captive portal and the network, the app should call
      * {@link CaptivePortal#ignoreNetwork}. </li>
@@ -165,10 +178,10 @@
      * The lookup key for a {@link NetworkInfo} object. Retrieve with
      * {@link android.content.Intent#getParcelableExtra(String)}.
      *
-     * @deprecated Since {@link NetworkInfo} can vary based on UID, applications
-     *             should always obtain network information through
-     *             {@link #getActiveNetworkInfo()}.
-     * @see #EXTRA_NETWORK_TYPE
+     * @deprecated The {@link NetworkInfo} object is deprecated, as many of its properties
+     *             can't accurately represent modern network characteristics.
+     *             Please obtain information about networks from the {@link NetworkCapabilities}
+     *             or {@link LinkProperties} objects instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static final String EXTRA_NETWORK_INFO = "networkInfo";
@@ -177,7 +190,11 @@
      * Network type which triggered a {@link #CONNECTIVITY_ACTION} broadcast.
      *
      * @see android.content.Intent#getIntExtra(String, int)
+     * @deprecated The network type is not rich enough to represent the characteristics
+     *             of modern networks. Please use {@link NetworkCapabilities} instead,
+     *             in particular the transports.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public static final String EXTRA_NETWORK_TYPE = "networkType";
 
     /**
@@ -185,13 +202,19 @@
      * is for a network to which the connectivity manager was failing over
      * following a disconnect on another network.
      * Retrieve it with {@link android.content.Intent#getBooleanExtra(String,boolean)}.
+     *
+     * @deprecated See {@link NetworkInfo}.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public static final String EXTRA_IS_FAILOVER = "isFailover";
     /**
      * The lookup key for a {@link NetworkInfo} object. This is supplied when
      * there is another network that it may be possible to connect to. Retrieve with
      * {@link android.content.Intent#getParcelableExtra(String)}.
+     *
+     * @deprecated See {@link NetworkInfo}.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public static final String EXTRA_OTHER_NETWORK_INFO = "otherNetwork";
     /**
      * The lookup key for a boolean that indicates whether there is a
@@ -212,7 +235,10 @@
      * may be passed up from the lower networking layers, and its
      * meaning may be specific to a particular network type. Retrieve
      * it with {@link android.content.Intent#getStringExtra(String)}.
+     *
+     * @deprecated See {@link NetworkInfo#getExtraInfo()}.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public static final String EXTRA_EXTRA_INFO = "extraInfo";
     /**
      * The lookup key for an int that provides information about
@@ -242,6 +268,8 @@
      * portal login activity.
      * {@hide}
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public static final String EXTRA_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_PROBE_SPEC =
             "android.net.extra.CAPTIVE_PORTAL_PROBE_SPEC";
 
@@ -249,6 +277,8 @@
      * Key for passing a user agent string to the captive portal login activity.
      * {@hide}
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public static final String EXTRA_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_USER_AGENT =
             "android.net.extra.CAPTIVE_PORTAL_USER_AGENT";
 
@@ -260,7 +290,8 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)
-    public static final String ACTION_DATA_ACTIVITY_CHANGE = "android.net.conn.DATA_ACTIVITY_CHANGE";
+    public static final String ACTION_DATA_ACTIVITY_CHANGE =
+            "android.net.conn.DATA_ACTIVITY_CHANGE";
     /**
      * The lookup key for an enum that indicates the network device type on which this data activity
      * change happens.
@@ -310,6 +341,7 @@
      * @hide
      */
     @SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final String INET_CONDITION_ACTION =
             "android.net.conn.INET_CONDITION_ACTION";
 
@@ -324,6 +356,7 @@
      * @hide
      */
     @SdkConstant(SdkConstantType.BROADCAST_INTENT_ACTION)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final String ACTION_TETHER_STATE_CHANGED =
             "android.net.conn.TETHER_STATE_CHANGED";
 
@@ -332,6 +365,7 @@
      * gives a String[] listing all the interfaces configured for
      * tethering and currently available for tethering.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final String EXTRA_AVAILABLE_TETHER = "availableArray";
 
     /**
@@ -346,6 +380,7 @@
      * gives a String[] listing all the interfaces currently tethered
      * (ie, has DHCPv4 support and packets potentially forwarded/NATed)
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final String EXTRA_ACTIVE_TETHER = "tetherArray";
 
     /**
@@ -354,6 +389,7 @@
      * failed.  Use {@link #getLastTetherError} to find the error code
      * for any interfaces listed here.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final String EXTRA_ERRORED_TETHER = "erroredArray";
 
     /**
@@ -391,14 +427,14 @@
 
     /**
      * Invalid tethering type.
-     * @see #startTethering(int, OnStartTetheringCallback, boolean)
+     * @see #startTethering(int, boolean, OnStartTetheringCallback)
      * @hide
      */
     public static final int TETHERING_INVALID   = -1;
 
     /**
      * Wifi tethering type.
-     * @see #startTethering(int, OnStartTetheringCallback, boolean)
+     * @see #startTethering(int, boolean, OnStartTetheringCallback)
      * @hide
      */
     @SystemApi
@@ -406,7 +442,7 @@
 
     /**
      * USB tethering type.
-     * @see #startTethering(int, OnStartTetheringCallback, boolean)
+     * @see #startTethering(int, boolean, OnStartTetheringCallback)
      * @hide
      */
     @SystemApi
@@ -414,7 +450,7 @@
 
     /**
      * Bluetooth tethering type.
-     * @see #startTethering(int, OnStartTetheringCallback, boolean)
+     * @see #startTethering(int, boolean, OnStartTetheringCallback)
      * @hide
      */
     @SystemApi
@@ -458,6 +494,7 @@
      * The absence of a connection type.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final int TYPE_NONE        = -1;
 
     /**
@@ -574,6 +611,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final int TYPE_MOBILE_FOTA = 10;
 
     /**
@@ -582,6 +620,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final int TYPE_MOBILE_IMS  = 11;
 
     /**
@@ -590,6 +629,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final int TYPE_MOBILE_CBS  = 12;
 
     /**
@@ -599,6 +639,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final int TYPE_WIFI_P2P    = 13;
 
     /**
@@ -607,6 +648,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final int TYPE_MOBILE_IA = 14;
 
     /**
@@ -616,6 +658,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final int TYPE_MOBILE_EMERGENCY = 15;
 
     /**
@@ -624,6 +667,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final int TYPE_PROXY = 16;
 
     /**
@@ -664,7 +708,7 @@
     /**
      * Static unique request used as a tombstone for NetworkCallbacks that have been unregistered.
      * This allows to distinguish when unregistering NetworkCallbacks those that were never
-     * registered and those that were already unregistered.
+     * registered from those that were already unregistered.
      * @hide
      */
     private static final NetworkRequest ALREADY_UNREGISTERED =
@@ -706,6 +750,7 @@
      */
     public static final String PRIVATE_DNS_DEFAULT_MODE_FALLBACK = PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OPPORTUNISTIC;
 
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     private final IConnectivityManager mService;
     /**
      * A kludge to facilitate static access where a Context pointer isn't available, like in the
@@ -742,6 +787,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static String getNetworkTypeName(int type) {
         switch (type) {
           case TYPE_NONE:
@@ -796,6 +842,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static boolean isNetworkTypeMobile(int networkType) {
         switch (networkType) {
             case TYPE_MOBILE:
@@ -876,8 +923,11 @@
      *
      * @return a {@link NetworkInfo} object for the current default network
      *        or {@code null} if no default network is currently active
+     * @deprecated See {@link NetworkInfo}.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @Nullable
     public NetworkInfo getActiveNetworkInfo() {
         try {
             return mService.getActiveNetworkInfo();
@@ -897,6 +947,7 @@
      *        {@code null} if no default network is currently active
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @Nullable
     public Network getActiveNetwork() {
         try {
             return mService.getActiveNetwork();
@@ -918,6 +969,7 @@
      * @hide
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL)
+    @Nullable
     public Network getActiveNetworkForUid(int uid) {
         return getActiveNetworkForUid(uid, false);
     }
@@ -967,20 +1019,26 @@
      *                   to remove an existing always-on VPN configuration.
      * @param lockdownEnabled {@code true} to disallow networking when the VPN is not connected or
      *        {@code false} otherwise.
+     * @param lockdownWhitelist The list of packages that are allowed to access network directly
+     *         when VPN is in lockdown mode but is not running. Non-existent packages are ignored so
+     *         this method must be called when a package that should be whitelisted is installed or
+     *         uninstalled.
      * @return {@code true} if the package is set as always-on VPN controller;
      *         {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.CONTROL_ALWAYS_ON_VPN)
     public boolean setAlwaysOnVpnPackageForUser(int userId, @Nullable String vpnPackage,
-            boolean lockdownEnabled) {
+            boolean lockdownEnabled, @Nullable List<String> lockdownWhitelist) {
         try {
-            return mService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId, vpnPackage, lockdownEnabled);
+            return mService.setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(
+                    userId, vpnPackage, lockdownEnabled, lockdownWhitelist);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
     }
 
-    /**
+   /**
      * Returns the package name of the currently set always-on VPN application.
      * If there is no always-on VPN set, or the VPN is provided by the system instead
      * of by an app, {@code null} will be returned.
@@ -989,6 +1047,7 @@
      *         or {@code null} if none is set.
      * @hide
      */
+    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.CONTROL_ALWAYS_ON_VPN)
     public String getAlwaysOnVpnPackageForUser(int userId) {
         try {
             return mService.getAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId);
@@ -998,6 +1057,36 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * @return whether always-on VPN is in lockdown mode.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     **/
+    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.CONTROL_ALWAYS_ON_VPN)
+    public boolean isVpnLockdownEnabled(int userId) {
+        try {
+            return mService.isVpnLockdownEnabled(userId);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return the list of packages that are allowed to access network when always-on VPN is in
+     * lockdown mode but not connected. Returns {@code null} when VPN lockdown is not active.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     **/
+    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.CONTROL_ALWAYS_ON_VPN)
+    public List<String> getVpnLockdownWhitelist(int userId) {
+        try {
+            return mService.getVpnLockdownWhitelist(userId);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Returns details about the currently active default data network
      * for a given uid.  This is for internal use only to avoid spying
      * other apps.
@@ -1009,6 +1098,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public NetworkInfo getActiveNetworkInfoForUid(int uid) {
         return getActiveNetworkInfoForUid(uid, false);
     }
@@ -1042,6 +1132,7 @@
      */
     @Deprecated
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @Nullable
     public NetworkInfo getNetworkInfo(int networkType) {
         try {
             return mService.getNetworkInfo(networkType);
@@ -1059,9 +1150,12 @@
      * @return a {@link NetworkInfo} object for the requested
      *        network or {@code null} if the {@code Network}
      *        is not valid.
+     * @deprecated See {@link NetworkInfo}.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
-    public NetworkInfo getNetworkInfo(Network network) {
+    @Nullable
+    public NetworkInfo getNetworkInfo(@Nullable Network network) {
         return getNetworkInfoForUid(network, Process.myUid(), false);
     }
 
@@ -1087,6 +1181,7 @@
      */
     @Deprecated
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @NonNull
     public NetworkInfo[] getAllNetworkInfo() {
         try {
             return mService.getAllNetworkInfo();
@@ -1106,6 +1201,7 @@
      */
     @Deprecated
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public Network getNetworkForType(int networkType) {
         try {
             return mService.getNetworkForType(networkType);
@@ -1121,6 +1217,7 @@
      * @return an array of {@link Network} objects.
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @NonNull
     public Network[] getAllNetworks() {
         try {
             return mService.getAllNetworks();
@@ -1134,6 +1231,7 @@
      * the Networks that applications run by the given user will use by default.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public NetworkCapabilities[] getDefaultNetworkCapabilitiesForUser(int userId) {
         try {
             return mService.getDefaultNetworkCapabilitiesForUser(userId);
@@ -1150,8 +1248,13 @@
      *        is no current default network.
      *
      * {@hide}
+     * @deprecated please use {@link #getLinkProperties(Network)} on the return
+     *             value of {@link #getActiveNetwork()} instead. In particular,
+     *             this method will return non-null LinkProperties even if the
+     *             app is blocked by policy from using this network.
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 109783091)
     public LinkProperties getActiveLinkProperties() {
         try {
             return mService.getActiveLinkProperties();
@@ -1176,6 +1279,7 @@
      */
     @Deprecated
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public LinkProperties getLinkProperties(int networkType) {
         try {
             return mService.getLinkPropertiesForType(networkType);
@@ -1192,7 +1296,8 @@
      * @return The {@link LinkProperties} for the network, or {@code null}.
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
-    public LinkProperties getLinkProperties(Network network) {
+    @Nullable
+    public LinkProperties getLinkProperties(@Nullable Network network) {
         try {
             return mService.getLinkProperties(network);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
@@ -1208,7 +1313,8 @@
      * @return The {@link android.net.NetworkCapabilities} for the network, or {@code null}.
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
-    public NetworkCapabilities getNetworkCapabilities(Network network) {
+    @Nullable
+    public NetworkCapabilities getNetworkCapabilities(@Nullable Network network) {
         try {
             return mService.getNetworkCapabilities(network);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
@@ -1331,6 +1437,7 @@
         return 1;
     }
 
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     private NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilitiesForFeature(int networkType, String feature) {
         if (networkType == TYPE_MOBILE) {
             switch (feature) {
@@ -1494,8 +1601,9 @@
         };
     }
 
-    private static HashMap<NetworkCapabilities, LegacyRequest> sLegacyRequests =
-            new HashMap<NetworkCapabilities, LegacyRequest>();
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
+    private static final HashMap<NetworkCapabilities, LegacyRequest> sLegacyRequests =
+            new HashMap<>();
 
     private NetworkRequest findRequestForFeature(NetworkCapabilities netCap) {
         synchronized (sLegacyRequests) {
@@ -1522,6 +1630,7 @@
         Log.d(TAG, "expireRequest with " + ourSeqNum + ", " + sequenceNum);
     }
 
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     private NetworkRequest requestNetworkForFeatureLocked(NetworkCapabilities netCap) {
         int delay = -1;
         int type = legacyTypeForNetworkCapabilities(netCap);
@@ -1551,6 +1660,7 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     private boolean removeRequestForFeature(NetworkCapabilities netCap) {
         final LegacyRequest l;
         synchronized (sLegacyRequests) {
@@ -1618,10 +1728,13 @@
     /** @hide */
     public static class PacketKeepaliveCallback {
         /** The requested keepalive was successfully started. */
+        @UnsupportedAppUsage
         public void onStarted() {}
         /** The keepalive was successfully stopped. */
+        @UnsupportedAppUsage
         public void onStopped() {}
         /** An error occurred. */
+        @UnsupportedAppUsage
         public void onError(int error) {}
     }
 
@@ -1635,8 +1748,11 @@
      * {@code onStarted} method will be called. If an error occurs, {@code onError} will be called,
      * specifying one of the {@code ERROR_*} constants in this class.
      *
-     * To stop an existing keepalive, call {@link stop}. The system will call {@code onStopped} if
-     * the operation was successfull or {@code onError} if an error occurred.
+     * To stop an existing keepalive, call {@link PacketKeepalive#stop}. The system will call
+     * {@link PacketKeepaliveCallback#onStopped} if the operation was successful or
+     * {@link PacketKeepaliveCallback#onError} if an error occurred.
+     *
+     * @deprecated Use {@link SocketKeepalive} instead.
      *
      * @hide
      */
@@ -1687,6 +1803,7 @@
             mLooper.quit();
         }
 
+        @UnsupportedAppUsage
         public void stop() {
             try {
                 mService.stopKeepalive(mNetwork, mSlot);
@@ -1708,7 +1825,7 @@
                 @Override
                 public void handleMessage(Message message) {
                     switch (message.what) {
-                        case NetworkAgent.EVENT_PACKET_KEEPALIVE:
+                        case NetworkAgent.EVENT_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE:
                             int error = message.arg2;
                             try {
                                 if (error == SUCCESS) {
@@ -1740,8 +1857,11 @@
     /**
      * Starts an IPsec NAT-T keepalive packet with the specified parameters.
      *
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #createSocketKeepalive} instead.
+     *
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public PacketKeepalive startNattKeepalive(
             Network network, int intervalSeconds, PacketKeepaliveCallback callback,
             InetAddress srcAddr, int srcPort, InetAddress dstAddr) {
@@ -1758,6 +1878,93 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Request that keepalives be started on a IPsec NAT-T socket.
+     *
+     * @param network The {@link Network} the socket is on.
+     * @param socket The socket that needs to be kept alive.
+     * @param source The source address of the {@link UdpEncapsulationSocket}.
+     * @param destination The destination address of the {@link UdpEncapsulationSocket}.
+     * @param executor The executor on which callback will be invoked. The provided {@link Executor}
+     *                 must run callback sequentially, otherwise the order of callbacks cannot be
+     *                 guaranteed.
+     * @param callback A {@link SocketKeepalive.Callback}. Used for notifications about keepalive
+     *        changes. Must be extended by applications that use this API.
+     *
+     * @return A {@link SocketKeepalive} object that can be used to control the keepalive on the
+     *         given socket.
+     **/
+    public SocketKeepalive createSocketKeepalive(@NonNull Network network,
+            @NonNull UdpEncapsulationSocket socket,
+            @NonNull InetAddress source,
+            @NonNull InetAddress destination,
+            @NonNull @CallbackExecutor Executor executor,
+            @NonNull Callback callback) {
+        return new NattSocketKeepalive(mService, network, socket.getFileDescriptor(),
+            socket.getResourceId(), source, destination, executor, callback);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Request that keepalives be started on a IPsec NAT-T socket file descriptor. Directly called
+     * by system apps which don't use IpSecService to create {@link UdpEncapsulationSocket}.
+     *
+     * @param network The {@link Network} the socket is on.
+     * @param fd The {@link FileDescriptor} that needs to be kept alive. The provided
+     *        {@link FileDescriptor} must be bound to a port and the keepalives will be sent from
+     *        that port.
+     * @param source The source address of the {@link UdpEncapsulationSocket}.
+     * @param destination The destination address of the {@link UdpEncapsulationSocket}. The
+     *        keepalive packets will always be sent to port 4500 of the given {@code destination}.
+     * @param executor The executor on which callback will be invoked. The provided {@link Executor}
+     *                 must run callback sequentially, otherwise the order of callbacks cannot be
+     *                 guaranteed.
+     * @param callback A {@link SocketKeepalive.Callback}. Used for notifications about keepalive
+     *        changes. Must be extended by applications that use this API.
+     *
+     * @return A {@link SocketKeepalive} object that can be used to control the keepalive on the
+     *         given socket.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.PACKET_KEEPALIVE_OFFLOAD)
+    public SocketKeepalive createNattKeepalive(@NonNull Network network,
+            @NonNull FileDescriptor fd,
+            @NonNull InetAddress source,
+            @NonNull InetAddress destination,
+            @NonNull @CallbackExecutor Executor executor,
+            @NonNull Callback callback) {
+        return new NattSocketKeepalive(mService, network, fd, INVALID_RESOURCE_ID /* Unused */,
+                source, destination, executor, callback);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Request that keepalives be started on a TCP socket.
+     * The socket must be established.
+     *
+     * @param network The {@link Network} the socket is on.
+     * @param socket The socket that needs to be kept alive.
+     * @param executor The executor on which callback will be invoked. This implementation assumes
+     *                 the provided {@link Executor} runs the callbacks in sequence with no
+     *                 concurrency. Failing this, no guarantee of correctness can be made. It is
+     *                 the responsibility of the caller to ensure the executor provides this
+     *                 guarantee. A simple way of creating such an executor is with the standard
+     *                 tool {@code Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor}.
+     * @param callback A {@link SocketKeepalive.Callback}. Used for notifications about keepalive
+     *        changes. Must be extended by applications that use this API.
+     *
+     * @return A {@link SocketKeepalive} object that can be used to control the keepalive on the
+     *         given socket.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.PACKET_KEEPALIVE_OFFLOAD)
+    public SocketKeepalive createSocketKeepalive(@NonNull Network network,
+            @NonNull Socket socket,
+            @NonNull Executor executor,
+            @NonNull Callback callback) {
+        return new TcpSocketKeepalive(mService, network, socket, executor, callback);
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Ensure that a network route exists to deliver traffic to the specified
      * host via the specified network interface. An attempt to add a route that
      * already exists is ignored, but treated as successful.
@@ -1803,6 +2010,7 @@
      *             {@link #bindProcessToNetwork} API.
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean requestRouteToHostAddress(int networkType, InetAddress hostAddress) {
         checkLegacyRoutingApiAccess();
         try {
@@ -1846,12 +2054,14 @@
      * @hide
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public void setBackgroundDataSetting(boolean allowBackgroundData) {
         // ignored
     }
 
     /** {@hide} */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public NetworkQuotaInfo getActiveNetworkQuotaInfo() {
         try {
             return mService.getActiveNetworkQuotaInfo();
@@ -1865,6 +2075,7 @@
      * @deprecated Talk to TelephonyManager directly
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean getMobileDataEnabled() {
         IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
         if (b != null) {
@@ -1897,7 +2108,7 @@
          * to initiate network traffic), you can retrieve its instantaneous state with
          * {@link ConnectivityManager#isDefaultNetworkActive}.
          */
-        public void onNetworkActive();
+        void onNetworkActive();
     }
 
     private INetworkManagementService getNetworkManagementService() {
@@ -1912,8 +2123,7 @@
     }
 
     private final ArrayMap<OnNetworkActiveListener, INetworkActivityListener>
-            mNetworkActivityListeners
-                    = new ArrayMap<OnNetworkActiveListener, INetworkActivityListener>();
+            mNetworkActivityListeners = new ArrayMap<>();
 
     /**
      * Start listening to reports when the system's default data network is active, meaning it is
@@ -1949,7 +2159,7 @@
      *
      * @param l Previously registered listener.
      */
-    public void removeDefaultNetworkActiveListener(OnNetworkActiveListener l) {
+    public void removeDefaultNetworkActiveListener(@NonNull OnNetworkActiveListener l) {
         INetworkActivityListener rl = mNetworkActivityListeners.get(l);
         Preconditions.checkArgument(rl != null, "Listener was not registered.");
         try {
@@ -1985,10 +2195,21 @@
     }
 
     /** {@hide} */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static ConnectivityManager from(Context context) {
         return (ConnectivityManager) context.getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);
     }
 
+    /** @hide */
+    public NetworkRequest getDefaultRequest() {
+        try {
+            // This is not racy as the default request is final in ConnectivityService.
+            return mService.getDefaultRequest();
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
     /* TODO: These permissions checks don't belong in client-side code. Move them to
      * services.jar, possibly in com.android.server.net. */
 
@@ -2035,6 +2256,7 @@
      * @hide
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     private static ConnectivityManager getInstance() {
         if (getInstanceOrNull() == null) {
             throw new IllegalStateException("No ConnectivityManager yet constructed");
@@ -2051,6 +2273,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public String[] getTetherableIfaces() {
         try {
             return mService.getTetherableIfaces();
@@ -2067,6 +2290,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public String[] getTetheredIfaces() {
         try {
             return mService.getTetheredIfaces();
@@ -2089,6 +2313,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public String[] getTetheringErroredIfaces() {
         try {
             return mService.getTetheringErroredIfaces();
@@ -2135,6 +2360,7 @@
      *
      * {@hide}
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public int tether(String iface) {
         try {
             String pkgName = mContext.getOpPackageName();
@@ -2163,6 +2389,7 @@
      *
      * {@hide}
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public int untether(String iface) {
         try {
             String pkgName = mContext.getOpPackageName();
@@ -2216,12 +2443,12 @@
         /**
          * Called when tethering has been successfully started.
          */
-        public void onTetheringStarted() {};
+        public void onTetheringStarted() {}
 
         /**
          * Called when starting tethering failed.
          */
-        public void onTetheringFailed() {};
+        public void onTetheringFailed() {}
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2316,6 +2543,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public String[] getTetherableUsbRegexs() {
         try {
             return mService.getTetherableUsbRegexs();
@@ -2335,6 +2563,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public String[] getTetherableWifiRegexs() {
         try {
             return mService.getTetherableWifiRegexs();
@@ -2354,6 +2583,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public String[] getTetherableBluetoothRegexs() {
         try {
             return mService.getTetherableBluetoothRegexs();
@@ -2379,6 +2609,7 @@
      *
      * {@hide}
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public int setUsbTethering(boolean enable) {
         try {
             String pkgName = mContext.getOpPackageName();
@@ -2390,6 +2621,7 @@
     }
 
     /** {@hide} */
+    @SystemApi
     public static final int TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR           = 0;
     /** {@hide} */
     public static final int TETHER_ERROR_UNKNOWN_IFACE      = 1;
@@ -2412,7 +2644,13 @@
     /** {@hide} */
     public static final int TETHER_ERROR_IFACE_CFG_ERROR      = 10;
     /** {@hide} */
+    @SystemApi
     public static final int TETHER_ERROR_PROVISION_FAILED     = 11;
+    /** {@hide} */
+    public static final int TETHER_ERROR_DHCPSERVER_ERROR     = 12;
+    /** {@hide} */
+    @SystemApi
+    public static final int TETHER_ERROR_ENTITLEMENT_UNKONWN  = 13;
 
     /**
      * Get a more detailed error code after a Tethering or Untethering
@@ -2425,6 +2663,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public int getLastTetherError(String iface) {
         try {
             return mService.getLastTetherError(iface);
@@ -2434,6 +2673,65 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Callback for use with {@link #getLatestTetheringEntitlementValue} to find out whether
+     * entitlement succeeded.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    public abstract static class TetheringEntitlementValueListener  {
+        /**
+         * Called to notify entitlement result.
+         *
+         * @param resultCode a int value of entitlement result. It may be one of
+         *         {@link #TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR},
+         *         {@link #TETHER_ERROR_PROVISION_FAILED}, or
+         *         {@link #TETHER_ERROR_ENTITLEMENT_UNKONWN}.
+         */
+        public void onEntitlementResult(int resultCode) {}
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the last value of the entitlement check on this downstream. If the cached value is
+     * {@link #TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR} or showEntitlementUi argument is false, it just return the
+     * cached value. Otherwise, a UI-based entitlement check would be performed. It is not
+     * guaranteed that the UI-based entitlement check will complete in any specific time period
+     * and may in fact never complete. Any successful entitlement check the platform performs for
+     * any reason will update the cached value.
+     *
+     * @param type the downstream type of tethering. Must be one of
+     *         {@link #TETHERING_WIFI},
+     *         {@link #TETHERING_USB}, or
+     *         {@link #TETHERING_BLUETOOTH}.
+     * @param showEntitlementUi a boolean indicating whether to run UI-based entitlement check.
+     * @param listener an {@link TetheringEntitlementValueListener} which will be called to notify
+     *         the caller of the result of entitlement check. The listener may be called zero or
+     *         one time.
+     * @param handler {@link Handler} to specify the thread upon which the listener will be invoked.
+     * {@hide}
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.TETHER_PRIVILEGED)
+    public void getLatestTetheringEntitlementValue(int type, boolean showEntitlementUi,
+            @NonNull final TetheringEntitlementValueListener listener, @Nullable Handler handler) {
+        Preconditions.checkNotNull(listener, "TetheringEntitlementValueListener cannot be null.");
+        ResultReceiver wrappedListener = new ResultReceiver(handler) {
+            @Override
+            protected void onReceiveResult(int resultCode, Bundle resultData) {
+                listener.onEntitlementResult(resultCode);
+            }
+        };
+
+        try {
+            String pkgName = mContext.getOpPackageName();
+            Log.i(TAG, "getLatestTetheringEntitlementValue:" + pkgName);
+            mService.getLatestTetheringEntitlementValue(type, wrappedListener,
+                    showEntitlementUi, pkgName);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Report network connectivity status.  This is currently used only
      * to alter status bar UI.
      * <p>This method requires the caller to hold the permission
@@ -2445,6 +2743,7 @@
      * {@hide}
      */
     public void reportInetCondition(int networkType, int percentage) {
+        printStackTrace();
         try {
             mService.reportInetCondition(networkType, percentage);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
@@ -2464,7 +2763,8 @@
      *             working and non-working connectivity.
      */
     @Deprecated
-    public void reportBadNetwork(Network network) {
+    public void reportBadNetwork(@Nullable Network network) {
+        printStackTrace();
         try {
             // One of these will be ignored because it matches system's current state.
             // The other will trigger the necessary reevaluation.
@@ -2486,7 +2786,8 @@
      * @param hasConnectivity {@code true} if the application was able to successfully access the
      *                        Internet using {@code network} or {@code false} if not.
      */
-    public void reportNetworkConnectivity(Network network, boolean hasConnectivity) {
+    public void reportNetworkConnectivity(@Nullable Network network, boolean hasConnectivity) {
+        printStackTrace();
         try {
             mService.reportNetworkConnectivity(network, hasConnectivity);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
@@ -2559,6 +2860,7 @@
      * @return the {@link ProxyInfo} for the current HTTP proxy, or {@code null} if no
      *        HTTP proxy is active.
      */
+    @Nullable
     public ProxyInfo getDefaultProxy() {
         return getProxyForNetwork(getBoundNetworkForProcess());
     }
@@ -2578,6 +2880,7 @@
      */
     @Deprecated
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean isNetworkSupported(int networkType) {
         try {
             return mService.isNetworkSupported(networkType);
@@ -2658,9 +2961,6 @@
     /**
      * Set sign in error notification to visible or in visible
      *
-     * @param visible
-     * @param networkType
-     *
      * {@hide}
      * @deprecated Doesn't properly deal with multiple connected networks of the same type.
      */
@@ -2681,7 +2981,11 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
-    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL)
+    @RequiresPermission(anyOf = {
+            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
+            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD,
+            android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK})
+    @SystemApi
     public void setAirplaneMode(boolean enable) {
         try {
             mService.setAirplaneMode(enable);
@@ -2691,6 +2995,7 @@
     }
 
     /** {@hide} */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public void registerNetworkFactory(Messenger messenger, String name) {
         try {
             mService.registerNetworkFactory(messenger, name);
@@ -2700,6 +3005,7 @@
     }
 
     /** {@hide} */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 115609023)
     public void unregisterNetworkFactory(Messenger messenger) {
         try {
             mService.unregisterNetworkFactory(messenger);
@@ -2760,10 +3066,11 @@
          * @param network The {@link Network} of the satisfying network.
          * @param networkCapabilities The {@link NetworkCapabilities} of the satisfying network.
          * @param linkProperties The {@link LinkProperties} of the satisfying network.
+         * @param blocked Whether access to the {@link Network} is blocked due to system policy.
          * @hide
          */
         public void onAvailable(Network network, NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities,
-                LinkProperties linkProperties) {
+                LinkProperties linkProperties, boolean blocked) {
             // Internally only this method is called when a new network is available, and
             // it calls the callback in the same way and order that older versions used
             // to call so as not to change the behavior.
@@ -2774,6 +3081,7 @@
             }
             onCapabilitiesChanged(network, networkCapabilities);
             onLinkPropertiesChanged(network, linkProperties);
+            onBlockedStatusChanged(network, blocked);
         }
 
         /**
@@ -2781,7 +3089,8 @@
          * This callback may be called more than once if the {@link Network} that is
          * satisfying the request changes. This will always immediately be followed by a
          * call to {@link #onCapabilitiesChanged(Network, NetworkCapabilities)} then by a
-         * call to {@link #onLinkPropertiesChanged(Network, LinkProperties)}.
+         * call to {@link #onLinkPropertiesChanged(Network, LinkProperties)}, and a call to
+         * {@link #onBlockedStatusChanged(Network, boolean)}.
          *
          * @param network The {@link Network} of the satisfying network.
          */
@@ -2860,6 +3169,14 @@
          */
         public void onNetworkResumed(Network network) {}
 
+        /**
+         * Called when access to the specified network is blocked or unblocked.
+         *
+         * @param network The {@link Network} whose blocked status has changed.
+         * @param blocked The blocked status of this {@link Network}.
+         */
+        public void onBlockedStatusChanged(Network network, boolean blocked) {}
+
         private NetworkRequest networkRequest;
     }
 
@@ -2869,7 +3186,7 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public interface Errors {
-        static int TOO_MANY_REQUESTS = 1;
+        int TOO_MANY_REQUESTS = 1;
     }
 
     /** @hide */
@@ -2906,6 +3223,8 @@
     public static final int CALLBACK_SUSPENDED           = BASE + 9;
     /** @hide */
     public static final int CALLBACK_RESUMED             = BASE + 10;
+    /** @hide */
+    public static final int CALLBACK_BLK_CHANGED         = BASE + 11;
 
     /** @hide */
     public static String getCallbackName(int whichCallback) {
@@ -2920,6 +3239,7 @@
             case EXPIRE_LEGACY_REQUEST: return "EXPIRE_LEGACY_REQUEST";
             case CALLBACK_SUSPENDED:    return "CALLBACK_SUSPENDED";
             case CALLBACK_RESUMED:      return "CALLBACK_RESUMED";
+            case CALLBACK_BLK_CHANGED:  return "CALLBACK_BLK_CHANGED";
             default:
                 return Integer.toString(whichCallback);
         }
@@ -2966,7 +3286,7 @@
                 case CALLBACK_AVAILABLE: {
                     NetworkCapabilities cap = getObject(message, NetworkCapabilities.class);
                     LinkProperties lp = getObject(message, LinkProperties.class);
-                    callback.onAvailable(network, cap, lp);
+                    callback.onAvailable(network, cap, lp, message.arg1 != 0);
                     break;
                 }
                 case CALLBACK_LOSING: {
@@ -2999,6 +3319,10 @@
                     callback.onNetworkResumed(network);
                     break;
                 }
+                case CALLBACK_BLK_CHANGED: {
+                    boolean blocked = message.arg1 != 0;
+                    callback.onBlockedStatusChanged(network, blocked);
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -3024,6 +3348,7 @@
 
     private NetworkRequest sendRequestForNetwork(NetworkCapabilities need, NetworkCallback callback,
             int timeoutMs, int action, int legacyType, CallbackHandler handler) {
+        printStackTrace();
         checkCallbackNotNull(callback);
         Preconditions.checkArgument(action == REQUEST || need != null, "null NetworkCapabilities");
         final NetworkRequest request;
@@ -3067,8 +3392,9 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
-    public void requestNetwork(NetworkRequest request, NetworkCallback networkCallback,
-            int timeoutMs, int legacyType, Handler handler) {
+    public void requestNetwork(@NonNull NetworkRequest request,
+            @NonNull NetworkCallback networkCallback, int timeoutMs, int legacyType,
+            @NonNull Handler handler) {
         CallbackHandler cbHandler = new CallbackHandler(handler);
         NetworkCapabilities nc = request.networkCapabilities;
         sendRequestForNetwork(nc, networkCallback, timeoutMs, REQUEST, legacyType, cbHandler);
@@ -3105,7 +3431,8 @@
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code request} specifies any mutable
      *         {@code NetworkCapabilities}.
      */
-    public void requestNetwork(NetworkRequest request, NetworkCallback networkCallback) {
+    public void requestNetwork(@NonNull NetworkRequest request,
+            @NonNull NetworkCallback networkCallback) {
         requestNetwork(request, networkCallback, getDefaultHandler());
     }
 
@@ -3126,7 +3453,7 @@
      * as these {@code NetworkCapabilities} represent states that a particular
      * network may never attain, and whether a network will attain these states
      * is unknown prior to bringing up the network so the framework does not
-     * know how to go about satisfing a request with these capabilities.
+     * know how to go about satisfying a request with these capabilities.
      *
      * <p>This method requires the caller to hold either the
      * {@link android.Manifest.permission#CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE} permission
@@ -3140,8 +3467,8 @@
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code request} specifies any mutable
      *         {@code NetworkCapabilities}.
      */
-    public void requestNetwork(
-            NetworkRequest request, NetworkCallback networkCallback, Handler handler) {
+    public void requestNetwork(@NonNull NetworkRequest request,
+            @NonNull NetworkCallback networkCallback, @NonNull Handler handler) {
         int legacyType = inferLegacyTypeForNetworkCapabilities(request.networkCapabilities);
         CallbackHandler cbHandler = new CallbackHandler(handler);
         requestNetwork(request, networkCallback, 0, legacyType, cbHandler);
@@ -3175,8 +3502,8 @@
      *                  before {@link NetworkCallback#onUnavailable()} is called. The timeout must
      *                  be a positive value (i.e. >0).
      */
-    public void requestNetwork(NetworkRequest request, NetworkCallback networkCallback,
-            int timeoutMs) {
+    public void requestNetwork(@NonNull NetworkRequest request,
+            @NonNull NetworkCallback networkCallback, int timeoutMs) {
         checkTimeout(timeoutMs);
         int legacyType = inferLegacyTypeForNetworkCapabilities(request.networkCapabilities);
         requestNetwork(request, networkCallback, timeoutMs, legacyType, getDefaultHandler());
@@ -3186,7 +3513,7 @@
      * Request a network to satisfy a set of {@link android.net.NetworkCapabilities}, limited
      * by a timeout.
      *
-     * This function behaves identically to the non-timedout version, but if a suitable
+     * This function behaves identically to the version without timeout, but if a suitable
      * network is not found within the given time (in milliseconds) the
      * {@link NetworkCallback#onUnavailable} callback is called. The request can still be
      * released normally by calling {@link #unregisterNetworkCallback(NetworkCallback)} but does
@@ -3209,8 +3536,8 @@
      * @param timeoutMs The time in milliseconds to attempt looking for a suitable network
      *                  before {@link NetworkCallback#onUnavailable} is called.
      */
-    public void requestNetwork(NetworkRequest request, NetworkCallback networkCallback,
-            Handler handler, int timeoutMs) {
+    public void requestNetwork(@NonNull NetworkRequest request,
+            @NonNull NetworkCallback networkCallback, @NonNull Handler handler, int timeoutMs) {
         checkTimeout(timeoutMs);
         int legacyType = inferLegacyTypeForNetworkCapabilities(request.networkCapabilities);
         CallbackHandler cbHandler = new CallbackHandler(handler);
@@ -3267,7 +3594,7 @@
      * as these {@code NetworkCapabilities} represent states that a particular
      * network may never attain, and whether a network will attain these states
      * is unknown prior to bringing up the network so the framework does not
-     * know how to go about satisfing a request with these capabilities.
+     * know how to go about satisfying a request with these capabilities.
      *
      * <p>This method requires the caller to hold either the
      * {@link android.Manifest.permission#CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE} permission
@@ -3282,7 +3609,9 @@
      *         {@link NetworkCapabilities#NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED} or
      *         {@link NetworkCapabilities#NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL}.
      */
-    public void requestNetwork(NetworkRequest request, PendingIntent operation) {
+    public void requestNetwork(@NonNull NetworkRequest request,
+            @NonNull PendingIntent operation) {
+        printStackTrace();
         checkPendingIntentNotNull(operation);
         try {
             mService.pendingRequestForNetwork(request.networkCapabilities, operation);
@@ -3305,7 +3634,8 @@
      *                  {@link #requestNetwork(NetworkRequest, android.app.PendingIntent)} with the
      *                  corresponding NetworkRequest you'd like to remove. Cannot be null.
      */
-    public void releaseNetworkRequest(PendingIntent operation) {
+    public void releaseNetworkRequest(@NonNull PendingIntent operation) {
+        printStackTrace();
         checkPendingIntentNotNull(operation);
         try {
             mService.releasePendingNetworkRequest(operation);
@@ -3337,7 +3667,8 @@
      *                        The callback is invoked on the default internal Handler.
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
-    public void registerNetworkCallback(NetworkRequest request, NetworkCallback networkCallback) {
+    public void registerNetworkCallback(@NonNull NetworkRequest request,
+            @NonNull NetworkCallback networkCallback) {
         registerNetworkCallback(request, networkCallback, getDefaultHandler());
     }
 
@@ -3352,8 +3683,8 @@
      * @param handler {@link Handler} to specify the thread upon which the callback will be invoked.
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
-    public void registerNetworkCallback(
-            NetworkRequest request, NetworkCallback networkCallback, Handler handler) {
+    public void registerNetworkCallback(@NonNull NetworkRequest request,
+            @NonNull NetworkCallback networkCallback, @NonNull Handler handler) {
         CallbackHandler cbHandler = new CallbackHandler(handler);
         NetworkCapabilities nc = request.networkCapabilities;
         sendRequestForNetwork(nc, networkCallback, 0, LISTEN, TYPE_NONE, cbHandler);
@@ -3389,7 +3720,9 @@
      *                  comes from {@link PendingIntent#getBroadcast}. Cannot be null.
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
-    public void registerNetworkCallback(NetworkRequest request, PendingIntent operation) {
+    public void registerNetworkCallback(@NonNull NetworkRequest request,
+            @NonNull PendingIntent operation) {
+        printStackTrace();
         checkPendingIntentNotNull(operation);
         try {
             mService.pendingListenForNetwork(request.networkCapabilities, operation);
@@ -3410,7 +3743,7 @@
      *                        The callback is invoked on the default internal Handler.
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
-    public void registerDefaultNetworkCallback(NetworkCallback networkCallback) {
+    public void registerDefaultNetworkCallback(@NonNull NetworkCallback networkCallback) {
         registerDefaultNetworkCallback(networkCallback, getDefaultHandler());
     }
 
@@ -3424,7 +3757,8 @@
      * @param handler {@link Handler} to specify the thread upon which the callback will be invoked.
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
-    public void registerDefaultNetworkCallback(NetworkCallback networkCallback, Handler handler) {
+    public void registerDefaultNetworkCallback(@NonNull NetworkCallback networkCallback,
+            @NonNull Handler handler) {
         // This works because if the NetworkCapabilities are null,
         // ConnectivityService takes them from the default request.
         //
@@ -3432,9 +3766,9 @@
         // capabilities, this request is guaranteed, at all times, to be
         // satisfied by the same network, if any, that satisfies the default
         // request, i.e., the system default network.
-        NetworkCapabilities nullCapabilities = null;
         CallbackHandler cbHandler = new CallbackHandler(handler);
-        sendRequestForNetwork(nullCapabilities, networkCallback, 0, REQUEST, TYPE_NONE, cbHandler);
+        sendRequestForNetwork(null /* NetworkCapabilities need */, networkCallback, 0,
+                REQUEST, TYPE_NONE, cbHandler);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -3449,7 +3783,7 @@
      * @param network {@link Network} specifying which network you're interested.
      * @return {@code true} on success, {@code false} if the {@link Network} is no longer valid.
      */
-    public boolean requestBandwidthUpdate(Network network) {
+    public boolean requestBandwidthUpdate(@NonNull Network network) {
         try {
             return mService.requestBandwidthUpdate(network);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
@@ -3470,7 +3804,8 @@
      *
      * @param networkCallback The {@link NetworkCallback} used when making the request.
      */
-    public void unregisterNetworkCallback(NetworkCallback networkCallback) {
+    public void unregisterNetworkCallback(@NonNull NetworkCallback networkCallback) {
+        printStackTrace();
         checkCallbackNotNull(networkCallback);
         final List<NetworkRequest> reqs = new ArrayList<>();
         // Find all requests associated to this callback and stop callback triggers immediately.
@@ -3508,7 +3843,7 @@
      *                  {@link #registerNetworkCallback(NetworkRequest, android.app.PendingIntent)}.
      *                  Cannot be null.
      */
-    public void unregisterNetworkCallback(PendingIntent operation) {
+    public void unregisterNetworkCallback(@NonNull PendingIntent operation) {
         checkPendingIntentNotNull(operation);
         releaseNetworkRequest(operation);
     }
@@ -3572,6 +3907,38 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Requests that the system open the captive portal app with the specified extras.
+     *
+     * <p>This endpoint is exclusively for use by the NetworkStack and is protected by the
+     * corresponding permission.
+     * @param appExtras Extras to include in the app start intent.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
+    @RequiresPermission(NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK)
+    public void startCaptivePortalApp(Bundle appExtras) {
+        try {
+            mService.startCaptivePortalAppInternal(appExtras);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Determine whether the device is configured to avoid bad wifi.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    public boolean getAvoidBadWifi() {
+        try {
+            return mService.getAvoidBadWifi();
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
      * It is acceptable to briefly use multipath data to provide seamless connectivity for
      * time-sensitive user-facing operations when the system default network is temporarily
      * unresponsive. The amount of data should be limited (less than one megabyte for every call to
@@ -3630,7 +3997,7 @@
      * @return a bitwise OR of zero or more of the  {@code MULTIPATH_PREFERENCE_*} constants.
      */
     @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE)
-    public @MultipathPreference int getMultipathPreference(Network network) {
+    public @MultipathPreference int getMultipathPreference(@Nullable Network network) {
         try {
             return mService.getMultipathPreference(network);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
@@ -3668,8 +4035,8 @@
      *                the current binding.
      * @return {@code true} on success, {@code false} if the {@link Network} is no longer valid.
      */
-    public boolean bindProcessToNetwork(Network network) {
-        // Forcing callers to call thru non-static function ensures ConnectivityManager
+    public boolean bindProcessToNetwork(@Nullable Network network) {
+        // Forcing callers to call through non-static function ensures ConnectivityManager
         // instantiated.
         return setProcessDefaultNetwork(network);
     }
@@ -3696,12 +4063,19 @@
      *             is a direct replacement.
      */
     @Deprecated
-    public static boolean setProcessDefaultNetwork(Network network) {
+    public static boolean setProcessDefaultNetwork(@Nullable Network network) {
         int netId = (network == null) ? NETID_UNSET : network.netId;
-        if (netId == NetworkUtils.getBoundNetworkForProcess()) {
-            return true;
+        boolean isSameNetId = (netId == NetworkUtils.getBoundNetworkForProcess());
+
+        if (netId != NETID_UNSET) {
+            netId = network.getNetIdForResolv();
         }
-        if (NetworkUtils.bindProcessToNetwork(netId)) {
+
+        if (!NetworkUtils.bindProcessToNetwork(netId)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (!isSameNetId) {
             // Set HTTP proxy system properties to match network.
             // TODO: Deprecate this static method and replace it with a non-static version.
             try {
@@ -3715,10 +4089,9 @@
             // Must flush socket pool as idle sockets will be bound to previous network and may
             // cause subsequent fetches to be performed on old network.
             NetworkEventDispatcher.getInstance().onNetworkConfigurationChanged();
-            return true;
-        } else {
-            return false;
         }
+
+        return true;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -3727,6 +4100,7 @@
      *
      * @return {@code Network} to which this process is bound, or {@code null}.
      */
+    @Nullable
     public Network getBoundNetworkForProcess() {
         // Forcing callers to call thru non-static function ensures ConnectivityManager
         // instantiated.
@@ -3743,6 +4117,7 @@
      *             {@code getBoundNetworkForProcess} is a direct replacement.
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @Nullable
     public static Network getProcessDefaultNetwork() {
         int netId = NetworkUtils.getBoundNetworkForProcess();
         if (netId == NETID_UNSET) return null;
@@ -3751,8 +4126,9 @@
 
     private void unsupportedStartingFrom(int version) {
         if (Process.myUid() == Process.SYSTEM_UID) {
-            // The getApplicationInfo() call we make below is not supported in system context, and
-            // we want to allow the system to use these APIs anyway.
+            // The getApplicationInfo() call we make below is not supported in system context. Let
+            // the call through here, and rely on the fact that ConnectivityService will refuse to
+            // allow the system to use these APIs anyway.
             return;
         }
 
@@ -3769,11 +4145,6 @@
     // functions by accessing ConnectivityService directly. However, it should be clear that doing
     // so is unsupported and may break in the future. http://b/22728205
     private void checkLegacyRoutingApiAccess() {
-        if (mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission("com.android.permission.INJECT_OMADM_SETTINGS")
-                == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
-            return;
-        }
-
         unsupportedStartingFrom(VERSION_CODES.M);
     }
 
@@ -3788,9 +4159,10 @@
      * @deprecated This is strictly for legacy usage to support {@link #startUsingNetworkFeature}.
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static boolean setProcessDefaultNetworkForHostResolution(Network network) {
         return NetworkUtils.bindProcessToNetworkForHostResolution(
-                network == null ? NETID_UNSET : network.netId);
+                (network == null) ? NETID_UNSET : network.getNetIdForResolv());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -3872,6 +4244,7 @@
      *
      * @return Hash of network watchlist config file. Null if config does not exist.
      */
+    @Nullable
     public byte[] getNetworkWatchlistConfigHash() {
         try {
             return mService.getNetworkWatchlistConfigHash();
@@ -3880,4 +4253,41 @@
             throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the {@code uid} of the owner of a network connection.
+     *
+     * @param protocol The protocol of the connection. Only {@code IPPROTO_TCP} and
+     * {@code IPPROTO_UDP} currently supported.
+     * @param local The local {@link InetSocketAddress} of a connection.
+     * @param remote The remote {@link InetSocketAddress} of a connection.
+     *
+     * @return {@code uid} if the connection is found and the app has permission to observe it
+     * (e.g., if it is associated with the calling VPN app's tunnel) or
+     * {@link android.os.Process#INVALID_UID} if the connection is not found.
+     */
+    public int getConnectionOwnerUid(int protocol, @NonNull InetSocketAddress local,
+            @NonNull InetSocketAddress remote) {
+        ConnectionInfo connectionInfo = new ConnectionInfo(protocol, local, remote);
+        try {
+            return mService.getConnectionOwnerUid(connectionInfo);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void printStackTrace() {
+        if (DEBUG) {
+            final StackTraceElement[] callStack = Thread.currentThread().getStackTrace();
+            final StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
+            for (int i = 3; i < callStack.length; i++) {
+                final String stackTrace = callStack[i].toString();
+                if (stackTrace == null || stackTrace.contains("android.os")) {
+                    break;
+                }
+                sb.append(" [").append(stackTrace).append("]");
+            }
+            Log.d(TAG, "StackLog:" + sb.toString());
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/DnsResolver.java b/core/java/android/net/DnsResolver.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d54264
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/net/DnsResolver.java
@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import static android.net.NetworkUtils.resNetworkQuery;
+import static android.net.NetworkUtils.resNetworkResult;
+import static android.net.NetworkUtils.resNetworkSend;
+import static android.os.MessageQueue.OnFileDescriptorEventListener.EVENT_ERROR;
+import static android.os.MessageQueue.OnFileDescriptorEventListener.EVENT_INPUT;
+
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.MessageQueue;
+import android.system.ErrnoException;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
+
+
+/**
+ * Dns resolver class for asynchronous dns querying
+ *
+ */
+public final class DnsResolver {
+    private static final String TAG = "DnsResolver";
+    private static final int FD_EVENTS = EVENT_INPUT | EVENT_ERROR;
+    private static final int MAXPACKET = 8 * 1024;
+
+    @IntDef(prefix = { "CLASS_" }, value = {
+            CLASS_IN
+    })
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @interface QueryClass {}
+    public static final int CLASS_IN = 1;
+
+    @IntDef(prefix = { "TYPE_" },  value = {
+            TYPE_A,
+            TYPE_AAAA
+    })
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @interface QueryType {}
+    public static final int TYPE_A = 1;
+    public static final int TYPE_AAAA = 28;
+
+    @IntDef(prefix = { "FLAG_" }, value = {
+            FLAG_EMPTY,
+            FLAG_NO_RETRY,
+            FLAG_NO_CACHE_STORE,
+            FLAG_NO_CACHE_LOOKUP
+    })
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @interface QueryFlag {}
+    public static final int FLAG_EMPTY = 0;
+    public static final int FLAG_NO_RETRY = 1 << 0;
+    public static final int FLAG_NO_CACHE_STORE = 1 << 1;
+    public static final int FLAG_NO_CACHE_LOOKUP = 1 << 2;
+
+    private static final int DNS_RAW_RESPONSE = 1;
+
+    private static final int NETID_UNSET = 0;
+
+    private static final DnsResolver sInstance = new DnsResolver();
+
+    /**
+     * listener for receiving raw answers
+     */
+    public interface RawAnswerListener {
+        /**
+         * {@code byte[]} is {@code null} if query timed out
+         */
+        void onAnswer(@Nullable byte[] answer);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * listener for receiving parsed answers
+     */
+    public interface InetAddressAnswerListener {
+        /**
+         * Will be called exactly once with all the answers to the query.
+         * size of addresses will be zero if no available answer could be parsed.
+         */
+        void onAnswer(@NonNull List<InetAddress> addresses);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get instance for DnsResolver
+     */
+    public static DnsResolver getInstance() {
+        return sInstance;
+    }
+
+    private DnsResolver() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Pass in a blob and corresponding setting,
+     * get a blob back asynchronously with the entire raw answer.
+     *
+     * @param network {@link Network} specifying which network for querying.
+     *         {@code null} for query on default network.
+     * @param query blob message
+     * @param flags flags as a combination of the FLAGS_* constants
+     * @param handler {@link Handler} to specify the thread
+     *         upon which the {@link RawAnswerListener} will be invoked.
+     * @param listener a {@link RawAnswerListener} which will be called to notify the caller
+     *         of the result of dns query.
+     */
+    public void query(@Nullable Network network, @NonNull byte[] query, @QueryFlag int flags,
+            @NonNull Handler handler, @NonNull RawAnswerListener listener) throws ErrnoException {
+        final FileDescriptor queryfd = resNetworkSend((network != null
+                ? network.netId : NETID_UNSET), query, query.length, flags);
+        registerFDListener(handler.getLooper().getQueue(), queryfd,
+                answerbuf -> listener.onAnswer(answerbuf));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pass in a domain name and corresponding setting,
+     * get a blob back asynchronously with the entire raw answer.
+     *
+     * @param network {@link Network} specifying which network for querying.
+     *         {@code null} for query on default network.
+     * @param domain domain name for querying
+     * @param nsClass dns class as one of the CLASS_* constants
+     * @param nsType dns resource record (RR) type as one of the TYPE_* constants
+     * @param flags flags as a combination of the FLAGS_* constants
+     * @param handler {@link Handler} to specify the thread
+     *         upon which the {@link RawAnswerListener} will be invoked.
+     * @param listener a {@link RawAnswerListener} which will be called to notify the caller
+     *         of the result of dns query.
+     */
+    public void query(@Nullable Network network, @NonNull String domain, @QueryClass int nsClass,
+            @QueryType int nsType, @QueryFlag int flags,
+            @NonNull Handler handler, @NonNull RawAnswerListener listener) throws ErrnoException {
+        final FileDescriptor queryfd = resNetworkQuery((network != null
+                ? network.netId : NETID_UNSET), domain, nsClass, nsType, flags);
+        registerFDListener(handler.getLooper().getQueue(), queryfd,
+                answerbuf -> listener.onAnswer(answerbuf));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Pass in a domain name and corresponding setting,
+     * get back a set of InetAddresses asynchronously.
+     *
+     * @param network {@link Network} specifying which network for querying.
+     *         {@code null} for query on default network.
+     * @param domain domain name for querying
+     * @param flags flags as a combination of the FLAGS_* constants
+     * @param handler {@link Handler} to specify the thread
+     *         upon which the {@link InetAddressAnswerListener} will be invoked.
+     * @param listener an {@link InetAddressAnswerListener} which will be called to
+     *         notify the caller of the result of dns query.
+     *
+     */
+    public void query(@Nullable Network network, @NonNull String domain, @QueryFlag int flags,
+            @NonNull Handler handler, @NonNull InetAddressAnswerListener listener)
+            throws ErrnoException {
+        final FileDescriptor v4fd = resNetworkQuery((network != null
+                ? network.netId : NETID_UNSET), domain, CLASS_IN, TYPE_A, flags);
+        final FileDescriptor v6fd = resNetworkQuery((network != null
+                ? network.netId : NETID_UNSET), domain, CLASS_IN, TYPE_AAAA, flags);
+
+        final InetAddressAnswerAccumulator accmulator =
+                new InetAddressAnswerAccumulator(2, listener);
+        final Consumer<byte[]> consumer = answerbuf ->
+                accmulator.accumulate(parseAnswers(answerbuf));
+
+        registerFDListener(handler.getLooper().getQueue(), v4fd, consumer);
+        registerFDListener(handler.getLooper().getQueue(), v6fd, consumer);
+    }
+
+    private void registerFDListener(@NonNull MessageQueue queue,
+            @NonNull FileDescriptor queryfd, @NonNull Consumer<byte[]> answerConsumer) {
+        queue.addOnFileDescriptorEventListener(
+                queryfd,
+                FD_EVENTS,
+                (fd, events) -> {
+                    byte[] answerbuf = null;
+                    try {
+                    // TODO: Implement result function in Java side instead of using JNI
+                    //       Because JNI method close fd prior than unregistering fd on
+                    //       event listener.
+                        answerbuf = resNetworkResult(fd);
+                    } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+                        Log.e(TAG, "resNetworkResult:" + e.toString());
+                    }
+                    answerConsumer.accept(answerbuf);
+
+                    // Unregister this fd listener
+                    return 0;
+                });
+    }
+
+    private class DnsAddressAnswer extends DnsPacket {
+        private static final String TAG = "DnsResolver.DnsAddressAnswer";
+        private static final boolean DBG = false;
+
+        private final int mQueryType;
+
+        DnsAddressAnswer(@NonNull byte[] data) throws ParseException {
+            super(data);
+            if ((mHeader.flags & (1 << 15)) == 0) {
+                throw new ParseException("Not an answer packet");
+            }
+            if (mHeader.rcode != 0) {
+                throw new ParseException("Response error, rcode:" + mHeader.rcode);
+            }
+            if (mHeader.getSectionCount(ANSECTION) == 0) {
+                throw new ParseException("No available answer");
+            }
+            if (mHeader.getSectionCount(QDSECTION) == 0) {
+                throw new ParseException("No question found");
+            }
+            // Assume only one question per answer packet. (RFC1035)
+            mQueryType = mSections[QDSECTION].get(0).nsType;
+        }
+
+        public @NonNull List<InetAddress> getAddresses() {
+            final List<InetAddress> results = new ArrayList<InetAddress>();
+            for (final DnsSection ansSec : mSections[ANSECTION]) {
+                // Only support A and AAAA, also ignore answers if query type != answer type.
+                int nsType = ansSec.nsType;
+                if (nsType != mQueryType || (nsType != TYPE_A && nsType != TYPE_AAAA)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                try {
+                    results.add(InetAddress.getByAddress(ansSec.getRR()));
+                } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+                    if (DBG) {
+                        Log.w(TAG, "rr to address fail");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            return results;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private @Nullable List<InetAddress> parseAnswers(@Nullable byte[] data) {
+        try {
+            return (data == null) ? null : new DnsAddressAnswer(data).getAddresses();
+        } catch (DnsPacket.ParseException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Parse answer fail " + e.getMessage());
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class InetAddressAnswerAccumulator {
+        private final List<InetAddress> mAllAnswers;
+        private final InetAddressAnswerListener mAnswerListener;
+        private final int mTargetAnswerCount;
+        private int mReceivedAnswerCount = 0;
+
+        InetAddressAnswerAccumulator(int size, @NonNull InetAddressAnswerListener listener) {
+            mTargetAnswerCount = size;
+            mAllAnswers = new ArrayList<>();
+            mAnswerListener = listener;
+        }
+
+        public void accumulate(@Nullable List<InetAddress> answer) {
+            if (null != answer) {
+                mAllAnswers.addAll(answer);
+            }
+            if (++mReceivedAnswerCount == mTargetAnswerCount) {
+                mAnswerListener.onAnswer(mAllAnswers);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl b/core/java/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
index ce95b60..92a5839 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
+++ b/core/java/android/net/IConnectivityManager.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.net;
 
 import android.app.PendingIntent;
+import android.net.ConnectionInfo;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 import android.net.NetworkState;
 import android.net.ProxyInfo;
+import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.Messenger;
 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
@@ -124,8 +126,11 @@
 
     boolean updateLockdownVpn();
     boolean isAlwaysOnVpnPackageSupported(int userId, String packageName);
-    boolean setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(int userId, String packageName, boolean lockdown);
+    boolean setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(int userId, String packageName, boolean lockdown,
+            in List<String> lockdownWhitelist);
     String getAlwaysOnVpnPackage(int userId);
+    boolean isVpnLockdownEnabled(int userId);
+    List<String> getVpnLockdownWhitelist(int userId);
 
     int checkMobileProvisioning(int suggestedTimeOutMs);
 
@@ -163,9 +168,13 @@
     void setAcceptUnvalidated(in Network network, boolean accept, boolean always);
     void setAvoidUnvalidated(in Network network);
     void startCaptivePortalApp(in Network network);
+    void startCaptivePortalAppInternal(in Bundle appExtras);
 
+    boolean getAvoidBadWifi();
     int getMultipathPreference(in Network Network);
 
+    NetworkRequest getDefaultRequest();
+
     int getRestoreDefaultNetworkDelay(int networkType);
 
     boolean addVpnAddress(String address, int prefixLength);
@@ -177,9 +186,23 @@
     void startNattKeepalive(in Network network, int intervalSeconds, in Messenger messenger,
             in IBinder binder, String srcAddr, int srcPort, String dstAddr);
 
+    void startNattKeepaliveWithFd(in Network network, in FileDescriptor fd, int resourceId,
+            int intervalSeconds, in Messenger messenger, in IBinder binder, String srcAddr,
+            String dstAddr);
+
+    void startTcpKeepalive(in Network network, in FileDescriptor fd, int intervalSeconds,
+            in Messenger messenger, in IBinder binder);
+
     void stopKeepalive(in Network network, int slot);
 
     String getCaptivePortalServerUrl();
 
     byte[] getNetworkWatchlistConfigHash();
+
+    int getConnectionOwnerUid(in ConnectionInfo connectionInfo);
+    boolean isCallerCurrentAlwaysOnVpnApp();
+    boolean isCallerCurrentAlwaysOnVpnLockdownApp();
+
+    void getLatestTetheringEntitlementValue(int type, in ResultReceiver receiver,
+            boolean showEntitlementUi, String callerPkg);
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/InetAddresses.java b/core/java/android/net/InetAddresses.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e6c69a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/net/InetAddresses.java
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import libcore.net.InetAddressUtils;
+
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+
+/**
+ * Utility methods for {@link InetAddress} implementations.
+ */
+public class InetAddresses {
+
+    private InetAddresses() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Checks to see if the {@code address} is a numeric address (such as {@code "192.0.2.1"} or
+     * {@code "2001:db8::1:2"}).
+     *
+     * <p>A numeric address is either an IPv4 address containing exactly 4 decimal numbers or an
+     * IPv6 numeric address. IPv4 addresses that consist of either hexadecimal or octal digits or
+     * do not have exactly 4 numbers are not treated as numeric.
+     *
+     * <p>This method will never do a DNS lookup.
+     *
+     * @param address the address to parse.
+     * @return true if the supplied address is numeric, false otherwise.
+     */
+    public static boolean isNumericAddress(String address) {
+        return InetAddressUtils.isNumericAddress(address);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns an InetAddress corresponding to the given numeric address (such
+     * as {@code "192.168.0.1"} or {@code "2001:4860:800d::68"}).
+     *
+     * <p>See {@link #isNumericAddress(String)} (String)} for a definition as to what constitutes a
+     * numeric address.
+     *
+     * <p>This method will never do a DNS lookup.
+     *
+     * @param address the address to parse, must be numeric.
+     * @return an {@link InetAddress} instance corresponding to the address.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code address} is not a numeric address.
+     */
+    public static InetAddress parseNumericAddress(String address) {
+        return InetAddressUtils.parseNumericAddress(address);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/IpConfiguration.java b/core/java/android/net/IpConfiguration.java
index fe69f29..3319f33 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/IpConfiguration.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/IpConfiguration.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.net.StaticIpConfiguration;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
@@ -32,8 +33,9 @@
     public enum IpAssignment {
         /* Use statically configured IP settings. Configuration can be accessed
          * with staticIpConfiguration */
+        @UnsupportedAppUsage
         STATIC,
-        /* Use dynamically configured IP settigns */
+        /* Use dynamically configured IP settings */
         DHCP,
         /* no IP details are assigned, this is used to indicate
          * that any existing IP settings should be retained */
@@ -47,6 +49,7 @@
     public enum ProxySettings {
         /* No proxy is to be used. Any existing proxy settings
          * should be cleared. */
+        @UnsupportedAppUsage
         NONE,
         /* Use statically configured proxy. Configuration can be accessed
          * with httpProxy. */
@@ -61,6 +64,7 @@
 
     public ProxySettings proxySettings;
 
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public ProxyInfo httpProxy;
 
     private void init(IpAssignment ipAssignment,
@@ -79,6 +83,7 @@
         init(IpAssignment.UNASSIGNED, ProxySettings.UNASSIGNED, null, null);
     }
 
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public IpConfiguration(IpAssignment ipAssignment,
                            ProxySettings proxySettings,
                            StaticIpConfiguration staticIpConfiguration,
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/IpPrefix.java b/core/java/android/net/IpPrefix.java
index 4631c56..175263f 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/IpPrefix.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/IpPrefix.java
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.annotation.TestApi;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
 import android.util.Pair;
@@ -83,6 +85,8 @@
      * @param prefixLength the prefix length. Must be &gt;= 0 and &lt;= (32 or 128) (IPv4 or IPv6).
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public IpPrefix(InetAddress address, int prefixLength) {
         // We don't reuse the (byte[], int) constructor because it calls clone() on the byte array,
         // which is unnecessary because getAddress() already returns a clone.
@@ -100,6 +104,8 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public IpPrefix(String prefix) {
         // We don't reuse the (InetAddress, int) constructor because "error: call to this must be
         // first statement in constructor". We could factor out setting the member variables to an
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/KeepalivePacketData.java b/core/java/android/net/KeepalivePacketData.java
index 7436ad0..18726f7 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/KeepalivePacketData.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/KeepalivePacketData.java
@@ -16,22 +16,20 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
-import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PacketKeepalive.*;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_PORT;
 
+import android.net.SocketKeepalive.InvalidPacketException;
 import android.net.util.IpUtils;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
-import android.system.OsConstants;
 import android.util.Log;
 
-import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-import java.nio.ByteOrder;
 
 /**
  * Represents the actual packets that are sent by the
- * {@link android.net.ConnectivityManager.PacketKeepalive} API.
+ * {@link android.net.SocketKeepalive} API.
  *
  * @hide
  */
@@ -53,8 +51,8 @@
     /** Packet data. A raw byte string of packet data, not including the link-layer header. */
     private final byte[] mPacket;
 
-    private static final int IPV4_HEADER_LENGTH = 20;
-    private static final int UDP_HEADER_LENGTH = 8;
+    protected static final int IPV4_HEADER_LENGTH = 20;
+    protected static final int UDP_HEADER_LENGTH = 8;
 
     // This should only be constructed via static factory methods, such as
     // nattKeepalivePacket
@@ -80,53 +78,10 @@
         }
     }
 
-    public static class InvalidPacketException extends Exception {
-        public final int error;
-        public InvalidPacketException(int error) {
-            this.error = error;
-        }
-    }
-
     public byte[] getPacket() {
         return mPacket.clone();
     }
 
-    public static KeepalivePacketData nattKeepalivePacket(
-            InetAddress srcAddress, int srcPort, InetAddress dstAddress, int dstPort)
-            throws InvalidPacketException {
-
-        if (!(srcAddress instanceof Inet4Address) || !(dstAddress instanceof Inet4Address)) {
-            throw new InvalidPacketException(ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS);
-        }
-
-        if (dstPort != NATT_PORT) {
-            throw new InvalidPacketException(ERROR_INVALID_PORT);
-        }
-
-        int length = IPV4_HEADER_LENGTH + UDP_HEADER_LENGTH + 1;
-        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(length);
-        buf.order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
-        buf.putShort((short) 0x4500);             // IP version and TOS
-        buf.putShort((short) length);
-        buf.putInt(0);                            // ID, flags, offset
-        buf.put((byte) 64);                       // TTL
-        buf.put((byte) OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP);
-        int ipChecksumOffset = buf.position();
-        buf.putShort((short) 0);                  // IP checksum
-        buf.put(srcAddress.getAddress());
-        buf.put(dstAddress.getAddress());
-        buf.putShort((short) srcPort);
-        buf.putShort((short) dstPort);
-        buf.putShort((short) (length - 20));      // UDP length
-        int udpChecksumOffset = buf.position();
-        buf.putShort((short) 0);                  // UDP checksum
-        buf.put((byte) 0xff);                     // NAT-T keepalive
-        buf.putShort(ipChecksumOffset, IpUtils.ipChecksum(buf, 0));
-        buf.putShort(udpChecksumOffset, IpUtils.udpChecksum(buf, 0, IPV4_HEADER_LENGTH));
-
-        return new KeepalivePacketData(srcAddress, srcPort, dstAddress, dstPort, buf.array());
-    }
-
     /* Parcelable Implementation */
     public int describeContents() {
         return 0;
@@ -141,7 +96,7 @@
         out.writeByteArray(mPacket);
     }
 
-    private KeepalivePacketData(Parcel in) {
+    protected KeepalivePacketData(Parcel in) {
         srcAddress = NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress(in.readString());
         dstAddress = NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress(in.readString());
         srcPort = in.readInt();
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/LinkAddress.java b/core/java/android/net/LinkAddress.java
index bcfe938..8d779aa 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/LinkAddress.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/LinkAddress.java
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@
 import static android.system.OsConstants.RT_SCOPE_SITE;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.RT_SCOPE_UNIVERSE;
 
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.annotation.TestApi;
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
 import android.util.Pair;
@@ -54,11 +58,13 @@
     /**
      * IPv4 or IPv6 address.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 115609023)
     private InetAddress address;
 
     /**
      * Prefix length.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 115609023)
     private int prefixLength;
 
     /**
@@ -112,6 +118,8 @@
      * @return true if the address is IPv6.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean isIPv6() {
         return address instanceof Inet6Address;
     }
@@ -120,6 +128,8 @@
      * @return true if the address is IPv4 or is a mapped IPv4 address.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean isIPv4() {
         return address instanceof Inet4Address;
     }
@@ -152,6 +162,8 @@
      *              {@link OsConstants#RT_SCOPE_LINK} or {@link OsConstants#RT_SCOPE_SITE}).
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public LinkAddress(InetAddress address, int prefixLength, int flags, int scope) {
         init(address, prefixLength, flags, scope);
     }
@@ -163,6 +175,8 @@
      * @param prefixLength The prefix length.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public LinkAddress(InetAddress address, int prefixLength) {
         this(address, prefixLength, 0, 0);
         this.scope = scopeForUnicastAddress(address);
@@ -185,6 +199,8 @@
      * @param string The string to parse.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public LinkAddress(String address) {
         this(address, 0, 0);
         this.scope = scopeForUnicastAddress(this.address);
@@ -198,6 +214,8 @@
      * @param scope The address scope.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public LinkAddress(String address, int flags, int scope) {
         // This may throw an IllegalArgumentException; catching it is the caller's responsibility.
         // TODO: consider rejecting mapped IPv4 addresses such as "::ffff:192.0.2.5/24".
@@ -255,6 +273,8 @@
      * otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean isSameAddressAs(LinkAddress other) {
         return address.equals(other.address) && prefixLength == other.prefixLength;
     }
@@ -278,6 +298,7 @@
      * TODO: Delete all callers and remove in favour of getPrefixLength().
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public int getNetworkPrefixLength() {
         return getPrefixLength();
     }
@@ -300,6 +321,8 @@
      * Returns true if this {@code LinkAddress} is global scope and preferred.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean isGlobalPreferred() {
         /**
          * Note that addresses flagged as IFA_F_OPTIMISTIC are
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/LinkProperties.java b/core/java/android/net/LinkProperties.java
index 300a78b..42db0fd 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/LinkProperties.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/LinkProperties.java
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.annotation.TestApi;
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
@@ -32,6 +36,7 @@
 import java.util.Hashtable;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.StringJoiner;
 
 /**
  * Describes the properties of a network link.
@@ -47,18 +52,22 @@
  */
 public final class LinkProperties implements Parcelable {
     // The interface described by the network link.
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 115609023)
     private String mIfaceName;
-    private ArrayList<LinkAddress> mLinkAddresses = new ArrayList<LinkAddress>();
-    private ArrayList<InetAddress> mDnses = new ArrayList<InetAddress>();
-    private ArrayList<InetAddress> mValidatedPrivateDnses = new ArrayList<InetAddress>();
+    private ArrayList<LinkAddress> mLinkAddresses = new ArrayList<>();
+    private ArrayList<InetAddress> mDnses = new ArrayList<>();
+    // PCSCF addresses are addresses of SIP proxies that only exist for the IMS core service.
+    private ArrayList<InetAddress> mPcscfs = new ArrayList<InetAddress>();
+    private ArrayList<InetAddress> mValidatedPrivateDnses = new ArrayList<>();
     private boolean mUsePrivateDns;
     private String mPrivateDnsServerName;
     private String mDomains;
-    private ArrayList<RouteInfo> mRoutes = new ArrayList<RouteInfo>();
+    private ArrayList<RouteInfo> mRoutes = new ArrayList<>();
     private ProxyInfo mHttpProxy;
     private int mMtu;
     // in the format "rmem_min,rmem_def,rmem_max,wmem_min,wmem_def,wmem_max"
     private String mTcpBufferSizes;
+    private IpPrefix mNat64Prefix;
 
     private static final int MIN_MTU    = 68;
     private static final int MIN_MTU_V6 = 1280;
@@ -66,15 +75,14 @@
 
     // Stores the properties of links that are "stacked" above this link.
     // Indexed by interface name to allow modification and to prevent duplicates being added.
-    private Hashtable<String, LinkProperties> mStackedLinks =
-        new Hashtable<String, LinkProperties>();
+    private Hashtable<String, LinkProperties> mStackedLinks = new Hashtable<>();
 
     /**
      * @hide
      */
     public static class CompareResult<T> {
-        public final List<T> removed = new ArrayList<T>();
-        public final List<T> added = new ArrayList<T>();
+        public final List<T> removed = new ArrayList<>();
+        public final List<T> added = new ArrayList<>();
 
         public CompareResult() {}
 
@@ -93,12 +101,9 @@
 
         @Override
         public String toString() {
-            String retVal = "removed=[";
-            for (T addr : removed) retVal += addr.toString() + ",";
-            retVal += "] added=[";
-            for (T addr : added) retVal += addr.toString() + ",";
-            retVal += "]";
-            return retVal;
+            return "removed=[" + TextUtils.join(",", removed)
+                    + "] added=[" + TextUtils.join(",", added)
+                    + "]";
         }
     }
 
@@ -106,9 +111,13 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public enum ProvisioningChange {
+        @UnsupportedAppUsage
         STILL_NOT_PROVISIONED,
+        @UnsupportedAppUsage
         LOST_PROVISIONING,
+        @UnsupportedAppUsage
         GAINED_PROVISIONING,
+        @UnsupportedAppUsage
         STILL_PROVISIONED,
     }
 
@@ -117,10 +126,11 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static ProvisioningChange compareProvisioning(
             LinkProperties before, LinkProperties after) {
         if (before.isProvisioned() && after.isProvisioned()) {
-            // On dualstack networks, DHCPv4 renewals can occasionally fail.
+            // On dual-stack networks, DHCPv4 renewals can occasionally fail.
             // When this happens, IPv6-reachable services continue to function
             // normally but IPv4-only services (naturally) fail.
             //
@@ -131,7 +141,7 @@
             //
             // For users, this is confusing and unexpected behaviour, and is
             // not necessarily easy to diagnose.  Therefore, we treat changing
-            // from a dualstack network to an IPv6-only network equivalent to
+            // from a dual-stack network to an IPv6-only network equivalent to
             // a total loss of provisioning.
             //
             // For one such example of this, see b/18867306.
@@ -139,7 +149,7 @@
             // Additionally, losing IPv6 provisioning can result in TCP
             // connections getting stuck until timeouts fire and other
             // baffling failures. Therefore, loss of either IPv4 or IPv6 on a
-            // previously dualstack network is deemed a lost of provisioning.
+            // previously dual-stack network is deemed a lost of provisioning.
             if ((before.isIPv4Provisioned() && !after.isIPv4Provisioned()) ||
                 (before.isIPv6Provisioned() && !after.isIPv6Provisioned())) {
                 return ProvisioningChange.LOST_PROVISIONING;
@@ -157,31 +167,33 @@
     /**
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
     public LinkProperties() {
     }
 
     /**
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public LinkProperties(LinkProperties source) {
         if (source != null) {
-            mIfaceName = source.getInterfaceName();
-            for (LinkAddress l : source.getLinkAddresses()) mLinkAddresses.add(l);
-            for (InetAddress i : source.getDnsServers()) mDnses.add(i);
-            for (InetAddress i : source.getValidatedPrivateDnsServers()) {
-                mValidatedPrivateDnses.add(i);
-            }
+            mIfaceName = source.mIfaceName;
+            mLinkAddresses.addAll(source.mLinkAddresses);
+            mDnses.addAll(source.mDnses);
+            mValidatedPrivateDnses.addAll(source.mValidatedPrivateDnses);
             mUsePrivateDns = source.mUsePrivateDns;
             mPrivateDnsServerName = source.mPrivateDnsServerName;
-            mDomains = source.getDomains();
-            for (RouteInfo r : source.getRoutes()) mRoutes.add(r);
-            mHttpProxy = (source.getHttpProxy() == null)  ?
-                    null : new ProxyInfo(source.getHttpProxy());
+            mPcscfs.addAll(source.mPcscfs);
+            mDomains = source.mDomains;
+            mRoutes.addAll(source.mRoutes);
+            mHttpProxy = (source.mHttpProxy == null) ? null : new ProxyInfo(source.mHttpProxy);
             for (LinkProperties l: source.mStackedLinks.values()) {
                 addStackedLink(l);
             }
-            setMtu(source.getMtu());
+            setMtu(source.mMtu);
             mTcpBufferSizes = source.mTcpBufferSizes;
+            mNat64Prefix = source.mNat64Prefix;
         }
     }
 
@@ -192,9 +204,10 @@
      * @param iface The name of the network interface used for this link.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
     public void setInterfaceName(String iface) {
         mIfaceName = iface;
-        ArrayList<RouteInfo> newRoutes = new ArrayList<RouteInfo>(mRoutes.size());
+        ArrayList<RouteInfo> newRoutes = new ArrayList<>(mRoutes.size());
         for (RouteInfo route : mRoutes) {
             newRoutes.add(routeWithInterface(route));
         }
@@ -213,9 +226,10 @@
     /**
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public List<String> getAllInterfaceNames() {
-        List<String> interfaceNames = new ArrayList<String>(mStackedLinks.size() + 1);
-        if (mIfaceName != null) interfaceNames.add(new String(mIfaceName));
+        List<String> interfaceNames = new ArrayList<>(mStackedLinks.size() + 1);
+        if (mIfaceName != null) interfaceNames.add(mIfaceName);
         for (LinkProperties stacked: mStackedLinks.values()) {
             interfaceNames.addAll(stacked.getAllInterfaceNames());
         }
@@ -229,11 +243,12 @@
      * prefix lengths for each address.  This is a simplified utility alternative to
      * {@link LinkProperties#getLinkAddresses}.
      *
-     * @return An umodifiable {@link List} of {@link InetAddress} for this link.
+     * @return An unmodifiable {@link List} of {@link InetAddress} for this link.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public List<InetAddress> getAddresses() {
-        List<InetAddress> addresses = new ArrayList<InetAddress>();
+        List<InetAddress> addresses = new ArrayList<>();
         for (LinkAddress linkAddress : mLinkAddresses) {
             addresses.add(linkAddress.getAddress());
         }
@@ -244,8 +259,9 @@
      * Returns all the addresses on this link and all the links stacked above it.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public List<InetAddress> getAllAddresses() {
-        List<InetAddress> addresses = new ArrayList<InetAddress>();
+        List<InetAddress> addresses = new ArrayList<>();
         for (LinkAddress linkAddress : mLinkAddresses) {
             addresses.add(linkAddress.getAddress());
         }
@@ -271,6 +287,8 @@
      * @return true if {@code address} was added or updated, false otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public boolean addLinkAddress(LinkAddress address) {
         if (address == null) {
             return false;
@@ -298,6 +316,8 @@
      * @return true if the address was removed, false if it did not exist.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public boolean removeLinkAddress(LinkAddress toRemove) {
         int i = findLinkAddressIndex(toRemove);
         if (i >= 0) {
@@ -321,9 +341,9 @@
      * Returns all the addresses on this link and all the links stacked above it.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public List<LinkAddress> getAllLinkAddresses() {
-        List<LinkAddress> addresses = new ArrayList<LinkAddress>();
-        addresses.addAll(mLinkAddresses);
+        List<LinkAddress> addresses = new ArrayList<>(mLinkAddresses);
         for (LinkProperties stacked: mStackedLinks.values()) {
             addresses.addAll(stacked.getAllLinkAddresses());
         }
@@ -338,6 +358,7 @@
      *                  object.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
     public void setLinkAddresses(Collection<LinkAddress> addresses) {
         mLinkAddresses.clear();
         for (LinkAddress address: addresses) {
@@ -352,6 +373,8 @@
      * @return true if the DNS server was added, false if it was already present.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean addDnsServer(InetAddress dnsServer) {
         if (dnsServer != null && !mDnses.contains(dnsServer)) {
             mDnses.add(dnsServer);
@@ -367,6 +390,8 @@
      * @return true if the DNS server was removed, false if it did not exist.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean removeDnsServer(InetAddress dnsServer) {
         if (dnsServer != null) {
             return mDnses.remove(dnsServer);
@@ -381,6 +406,7 @@
      * @param dnsServers The {@link Collection} of DNS servers to set in this object.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
     public void setDnsServers(Collection<InetAddress> dnsServers) {
         mDnses.clear();
         for (InetAddress dnsServer: dnsServers) {
@@ -391,7 +417,7 @@
     /**
      * Returns all the {@link InetAddress} for DNS servers on this link.
      *
-     * @return An umodifiable {@link List} of {@link InetAddress} for DNS servers on
+     * @return An unmodifiable {@link List} of {@link InetAddress} for DNS servers on
      *         this link.
      */
     public List<InetAddress> getDnsServers() {
@@ -404,6 +430,8 @@
      * @param usePrivateDns The private DNS state.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public void setUsePrivateDns(boolean usePrivateDns) {
         mUsePrivateDns = usePrivateDns;
     }
@@ -429,6 +457,8 @@
      * @param privateDnsServerName The private DNS server name.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public void setPrivateDnsServerName(@Nullable String privateDnsServerName) {
         mPrivateDnsServerName = privateDnsServerName;
     }
@@ -491,6 +521,8 @@
      *        object.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public void setValidatedPrivateDnsServers(Collection<InetAddress> dnsServers) {
         mValidatedPrivateDnses.clear();
         for (InetAddress dnsServer: dnsServers) {
@@ -506,17 +538,78 @@
      *         DNS servers on this link.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public List<InetAddress> getValidatedPrivateDnsServers() {
         return Collections.unmodifiableList(mValidatedPrivateDnses);
     }
 
     /**
+     * Adds the given {@link InetAddress} to the list of PCSCF servers, if not present.
+     *
+     * @param pcscfServer The {@link InetAddress} to add to the list of PCSCF servers.
+     * @return true if the PCSCF server was added, false otherwise.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public boolean addPcscfServer(InetAddress pcscfServer) {
+        if (pcscfServer != null && !mPcscfs.contains(pcscfServer)) {
+            mPcscfs.add(pcscfServer);
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Removes the given {@link InetAddress} from the list of PCSCF servers.
+     *
+     * @param pcscf Server The {@link InetAddress} to remove from the list of PCSCF servers.
+     * @return true if the PCSCF server was removed, false otherwise.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public boolean removePcscfServer(InetAddress pcscfServer) {
+        if (pcscfServer != null) {
+            return mPcscfs.remove(pcscfServer);
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Replaces the PCSCF servers in this {@code LinkProperties} with
+     * the given {@link Collection} of {@link InetAddress} objects.
+     *
+     * @param addresses The {@link Collection} of PCSCF servers to set in this object.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
+    public void setPcscfServers(Collection<InetAddress> pcscfServers) {
+        mPcscfs.clear();
+        for (InetAddress pcscfServer: pcscfServers) {
+            addPcscfServer(pcscfServer);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns all the {@link InetAddress} for PCSCF servers on this link.
+     *
+     * @return An unmodifiable {@link List} of {@link InetAddress} for PCSCF servers on
+     *         this link.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
+    public List<InetAddress> getPcscfServers() {
+        return Collections.unmodifiableList(mPcscfs);
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Sets the DNS domain search path used on this link.
      *
      * @param domains A {@link String} listing in priority order the comma separated
      *                domains to search when resolving host names on this link.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
     public void setDomains(String domains) {
         mDomains = domains;
     }
@@ -539,6 +632,7 @@
      * @param mtu The MTU to use for this link.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
     public void setMtu(int mtu) {
         mMtu = mtu;
     }
@@ -548,7 +642,6 @@
      * this will return 0.
      *
      * @return The mtu value set for this link.
-     * @hide
      */
     public int getMtu() {
         return mMtu;
@@ -562,6 +655,8 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public void setTcpBufferSizes(String tcpBufferSizes) {
         mTcpBufferSizes = tcpBufferSizes;
     }
@@ -573,6 +668,8 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public String getTcpBufferSizes() {
         return mTcpBufferSizes;
     }
@@ -596,6 +693,7 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean addRoute(RouteInfo route) {
         if (route != null) {
             String routeIface = route.getInterface();
@@ -622,6 +720,8 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean removeRoute(RouteInfo route) {
         return route != null &&
                 Objects.equals(mIfaceName, route.getInterface()) &&
@@ -643,7 +743,7 @@
      * @hide
      */
     public void ensureDirectlyConnectedRoutes() {
-        for (LinkAddress addr: mLinkAddresses) {
+        for (LinkAddress addr : mLinkAddresses) {
             addRoute(new RouteInfo(addr, null, mIfaceName));
         }
     }
@@ -652,9 +752,9 @@
      * Returns all the routes on this link and all the links stacked above it.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public List<RouteInfo> getAllRoutes() {
-        List<RouteInfo> routes = new ArrayList<>();
-        routes.addAll(mRoutes);
+        List<RouteInfo> routes = new ArrayList<>(mRoutes);
         for (LinkProperties stacked: mStackedLinks.values()) {
             routes.addAll(stacked.getAllRoutes());
         }
@@ -669,6 +769,7 @@
      * @param proxy A {@link ProxyInfo} defining the HTTP Proxy to use on this link.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
     public void setHttpProxy(ProxyInfo proxy) {
         mHttpProxy = proxy;
     }
@@ -683,9 +784,39 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Returns the NAT64 prefix in use on this link, if any.
+     *
+     * @return the NAT64 prefix.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
+    public @Nullable IpPrefix getNat64Prefix() {
+        return mNat64Prefix;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the NAT64 prefix in use on this link.
+     *
+     * Currently, only 96-bit prefixes (i.e., where the 32-bit IPv4 address is at the end of the
+     * 128-bit IPv6 address) are supported.
+     *
+     * @param prefix the NAT64 prefix.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
+    public void setNat64Prefix(IpPrefix prefix) {
+        if (prefix != null && prefix.getPrefixLength() != 96) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Only 96-bit prefixes are supported: " + prefix);
+        }
+        mNat64Prefix = prefix;  // IpPrefix objects are immutable.
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Adds a stacked link.
      *
-     * If there is already a stacked link with the same interfacename as link,
+     * If there is already a stacked link with the same interface name as link,
      * that link is replaced with link. Otherwise, link is added to the list
      * of stacked links. If link is null, nothing changes.
      *
@@ -693,6 +824,7 @@
      * @return true if the link was stacked, false otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean addStackedLink(LinkProperties link) {
         if (link != null && link.getInterfaceName() != null) {
             mStackedLinks.put(link.getInterfaceName(), link);
@@ -723,11 +855,12 @@
      * Returns all the links stacked on top of this link.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public @NonNull List<LinkProperties> getStackedLinks() {
         if (mStackedLinks.isEmpty()) {
-            return Collections.EMPTY_LIST;
+            return Collections.emptyList();
         }
-        List<LinkProperties> stacked = new ArrayList<LinkProperties>();
+        List<LinkProperties> stacked = new ArrayList<>();
         for (LinkProperties link : mStackedLinks.values()) {
             stacked.add(new LinkProperties(link));
         }
@@ -738,18 +871,21 @@
      * Clears this object to its initial state.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
     public void clear() {
         mIfaceName = null;
         mLinkAddresses.clear();
         mDnses.clear();
         mUsePrivateDns = false;
         mPrivateDnsServerName = null;
+        mPcscfs.clear();
         mDomains = null;
         mRoutes.clear();
         mHttpProxy = null;
         mStackedLinks.clear();
         mMtu = 0;
         mTcpBufferSizes = null;
+        mNat64Prefix = null;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -761,57 +897,87 @@
 
     @Override
     public String toString() {
-        String ifaceName = (mIfaceName == null ? "" : "InterfaceName: " + mIfaceName + " ");
+        // Space as a separator, so no need for spaces at start/end of the individual fragments.
+        final StringJoiner resultJoiner = new StringJoiner(" ", "{", "}");
 
-        String linkAddresses = "LinkAddresses: [";
-        for (LinkAddress addr : mLinkAddresses) linkAddresses += addr.toString() + ",";
-        linkAddresses += "] ";
-
-        String dns = "DnsAddresses: [";
-        for (InetAddress addr : mDnses) dns += addr.getHostAddress() + ",";
-        dns += "] ";
-
-        String usePrivateDns = "UsePrivateDns: " + mUsePrivateDns + " ";
-
-        String privateDnsServerName = "";
-        if (privateDnsServerName != null) {
-            privateDnsServerName = "PrivateDnsServerName: " + mPrivateDnsServerName + " ";
+        if (mIfaceName != null) {
+            resultJoiner.add("InterfaceName:");
+            resultJoiner.add(mIfaceName);
         }
 
-        String validatedPrivateDns = "";
+        resultJoiner.add("LinkAddresses: [");
+        if (!mLinkAddresses.isEmpty()) {
+            resultJoiner.add(TextUtils.join(",", mLinkAddresses));
+        }
+        resultJoiner.add("]");
+
+        resultJoiner.add("DnsAddresses: [");
+        if (!mDnses.isEmpty()) {
+            resultJoiner.add(TextUtils.join(",", mDnses));
+        }
+        resultJoiner.add("]");
+
+        if (mUsePrivateDns) {
+            resultJoiner.add("UsePrivateDns: true");
+        }
+
+        if (mPrivateDnsServerName != null) {
+            resultJoiner.add("PrivateDnsServerName:");
+            resultJoiner.add(mPrivateDnsServerName);
+        }
+
+        if (!mPcscfs.isEmpty()) {
+            resultJoiner.add("PcscfAddresses: [");
+            resultJoiner.add(TextUtils.join(",", mPcscfs));
+            resultJoiner.add("]");
+        }
+
         if (!mValidatedPrivateDnses.isEmpty()) {
-            validatedPrivateDns = "ValidatedPrivateDnsAddresses: [";
-            for (InetAddress addr : mValidatedPrivateDnses) {
-                validatedPrivateDns += addr.getHostAddress() + ",";
+            final StringJoiner validatedPrivateDnsesJoiner =
+                    new StringJoiner(",", "ValidatedPrivateDnsAddresses: [", "]");
+            for (final InetAddress addr : mValidatedPrivateDnses) {
+                validatedPrivateDnsesJoiner.add(addr.getHostAddress());
             }
-            validatedPrivateDns += "] ";
+            resultJoiner.add(validatedPrivateDnsesJoiner.toString());
         }
 
-        String domainName = "Domains: " + mDomains;
+        resultJoiner.add("Domains:");
+        resultJoiner.add(mDomains);
 
-        String mtu = " MTU: " + mMtu;
+        resultJoiner.add("MTU:");
+        resultJoiner.add(Integer.toString(mMtu));
 
-        String tcpBuffSizes = "";
         if (mTcpBufferSizes != null) {
-            tcpBuffSizes = " TcpBufferSizes: " + mTcpBufferSizes;
+            resultJoiner.add("TcpBufferSizes:");
+            resultJoiner.add(mTcpBufferSizes);
         }
 
-        String routes = " Routes: [";
-        for (RouteInfo route : mRoutes) routes += route.toString() + ",";
-        routes += "] ";
-        String proxy = (mHttpProxy == null ? "" : " HttpProxy: " + mHttpProxy.toString() + " ");
+        resultJoiner.add("Routes: [");
+        if (!mRoutes.isEmpty()) {
+            resultJoiner.add(TextUtils.join(",", mRoutes));
+        }
+        resultJoiner.add("]");
 
-        String stacked = "";
-        if (mStackedLinks.values().size() > 0) {
-            stacked += " Stacked: [";
-            for (LinkProperties link: mStackedLinks.values()) {
-                stacked += " [" + link.toString() + " ],";
+        if (mHttpProxy != null) {
+            resultJoiner.add("HttpProxy:");
+            resultJoiner.add(mHttpProxy.toString());
+        }
+
+        if (mNat64Prefix != null) {
+            resultJoiner.add("Nat64Prefix:");
+            resultJoiner.add(mNat64Prefix.toString());
+        }
+
+        final Collection<LinkProperties> stackedLinksValues = mStackedLinks.values();
+        if (!stackedLinksValues.isEmpty()) {
+            final StringJoiner stackedLinksJoiner = new StringJoiner(",", "Stacked: [", "]");
+            for (final LinkProperties lp : stackedLinksValues) {
+                stackedLinksJoiner.add("[ " + lp + " ]");
             }
-            stacked += "] ";
+            resultJoiner.add(stackedLinksJoiner.toString());
         }
-        return "{" + ifaceName + linkAddresses + routes + dns + usePrivateDns
-            + privateDnsServerName + domainName + mtu + tcpBuffSizes + proxy
-            + stacked + "}";
+
+        return resultJoiner.toString();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -820,6 +986,8 @@
      * @return {@code true} if there is an IPv4 address, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean hasIPv4Address() {
         for (LinkAddress address : mLinkAddresses) {
             if (address.getAddress() instanceof Inet4Address) {
@@ -847,6 +1015,8 @@
      * @return {@code true} if there is a global preferred IPv6 address, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean hasGlobalIPv6Address() {
         for (LinkAddress address : mLinkAddresses) {
           if (address.getAddress() instanceof Inet6Address && address.isGlobalPreferred()) {
@@ -862,6 +1032,7 @@
      * @return {@code true} if there is an IPv4 default route, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean hasIPv4DefaultRoute() {
         for (RouteInfo r : mRoutes) {
             if (r.isIPv4Default()) {
@@ -877,6 +1048,8 @@
      * @return {@code true} if there is an IPv6 default route, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean hasIPv6DefaultRoute() {
         for (RouteInfo r : mRoutes) {
             if (r.isIPv6Default()) {
@@ -892,6 +1065,7 @@
      * @return {@code true} if there is an IPv4 DNS server, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean hasIPv4DnsServer() {
         for (InetAddress ia : mDnses) {
             if (ia instanceof Inet4Address) {
@@ -907,6 +1081,7 @@
      * @return {@code true} if there is an IPv6 DNS server, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean hasIPv6DnsServer() {
         for (InetAddress ia : mDnses) {
             if (ia instanceof Inet6Address) {
@@ -917,12 +1092,44 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Returns true if this link has an IPv4 PCSCF server.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if there is an IPv4 PCSCF server, {@code false} otherwise.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public boolean hasIPv4PcscfServer() {
+        for (InetAddress ia : mPcscfs) {
+          if (ia instanceof Inet4Address) {
+            return true;
+          }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if this link has an IPv6 PCSCF server.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if there is an IPv6 PCSCF server, {@code false} otherwise.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public boolean hasIPv6PcscfServer() {
+        for (InetAddress ia : mPcscfs) {
+          if (ia instanceof Inet6Address) {
+            return true;
+          }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Returns true if this link is provisioned for global IPv4 connectivity.
      * This requires an IP address, default route, and DNS server.
      *
      * @return {@code true} if the link is provisioned, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean isIPv4Provisioned() {
         return (hasIPv4Address() &&
                 hasIPv4DefaultRoute() &&
@@ -936,6 +1143,8 @@
      * @return {@code true} if the link is provisioned, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean isIPv6Provisioned() {
         return (hasGlobalIPv6Address() &&
                 hasIPv6DefaultRoute() &&
@@ -949,6 +1158,8 @@
      * @return {@code true} if the link is provisioned, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean isProvisioned() {
         return (isIPv4Provisioned() || isIPv6Provisioned());
     }
@@ -960,6 +1171,8 @@
      *         {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean isReachable(InetAddress ip) {
         final List<RouteInfo> allRoutes = getAllRoutes();
         // If we don't have a route to this IP address, it's not reachable.
@@ -997,6 +1210,7 @@
      * @return {@code true} if both are identical, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean isIdenticalInterfaceName(LinkProperties target) {
         return TextUtils.equals(getInterfaceName(), target.getInterfaceName());
     }
@@ -1008,6 +1222,7 @@
      * @return {@code true} if both are identical, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean isIdenticalAddresses(LinkProperties target) {
         Collection<InetAddress> targetAddresses = target.getAddresses();
         Collection<InetAddress> sourceAddresses = getAddresses();
@@ -1022,13 +1237,14 @@
      * @return {@code true} if both are identical, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean isIdenticalDnses(LinkProperties target) {
         Collection<InetAddress> targetDnses = target.getDnsServers();
         String targetDomains = target.getDomains();
         if (mDomains == null) {
             if (targetDomains != null) return false;
         } else {
-            if (mDomains.equals(targetDomains) == false) return false;
+            if (!mDomains.equals(targetDomains)) return false;
         }
         return (mDnses.size() == targetDnses.size()) ?
                 mDnses.containsAll(targetDnses) : false;
@@ -1063,12 +1279,26 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Compares this {@code LinkProperties} PCSCF addresses against the target
+     *
+     * @param target LinkProperties to compare.
+     * @return {@code true} if both are identical, {@code false} otherwise.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public boolean isIdenticalPcscfs(LinkProperties target) {
+        Collection<InetAddress> targetPcscfs = target.getPcscfServers();
+        return (mPcscfs.size() == targetPcscfs.size()) ?
+                    mPcscfs.containsAll(targetPcscfs) : false;
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Compares this {@code LinkProperties} Routes against the target
      *
      * @param target LinkProperties to compare.
      * @return {@code true} if both are identical, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean isIdenticalRoutes(LinkProperties target) {
         Collection<RouteInfo> targetRoutes = target.getRoutes();
         return (mRoutes.size() == targetRoutes.size()) ?
@@ -1082,6 +1312,7 @@
      * @return {@code true} if both are identical, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 115609023)
     public boolean isIdenticalHttpProxy(LinkProperties target) {
         return getHttpProxy() == null ? target.getHttpProxy() == null :
                 getHttpProxy().equals(target.getHttpProxy());
@@ -1094,6 +1325,7 @@
      * @return {@code true} if both are identical, {@code false} otherwise.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean isIdenticalStackedLinks(LinkProperties target) {
         if (!mStackedLinks.keySet().equals(target.mStackedLinks.keySet())) {
             return false;
@@ -1130,7 +1362,17 @@
         return Objects.equals(mTcpBufferSizes, target.mTcpBufferSizes);
     }
 
-    @Override
+    /**
+     * Compares this {@code LinkProperties} NAT64 prefix against the target.
+     *
+     * @param target LinkProperties to compare.
+     * @return {@code true} if both are identical, {@code false} otherwise.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public boolean isIdenticalNat64Prefix(LinkProperties target) {
+        return Objects.equals(mNat64Prefix, target.mNat64Prefix);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Compares this {@code LinkProperties} instance against the target
      * LinkProperties in {@code obj}. Two LinkPropertieses are equal if
@@ -1145,13 +1387,14 @@
      * @param obj the object to be tested for equality.
      * @return {@code true} if both objects are equal, {@code false} otherwise.
      */
+    @Override
     public boolean equals(Object obj) {
         if (this == obj) return true;
 
         if (!(obj instanceof LinkProperties)) return false;
 
         LinkProperties target = (LinkProperties) obj;
-        /**
+        /*
          * This method does not check that stacked interfaces are equal, because
          * stacked interfaces are not so much a property of the link as a
          * description of connections between links.
@@ -1161,11 +1404,13 @@
                 && isIdenticalDnses(target)
                 && isIdenticalPrivateDns(target)
                 && isIdenticalValidatedPrivateDnses(target)
+                && isIdenticalPcscfs(target)
                 && isIdenticalRoutes(target)
                 && isIdenticalHttpProxy(target)
                 && isIdenticalStackedLinks(target)
                 && isIdenticalMtu(target)
-                && isIdenticalTcpBufferSizes(target);
+                && isIdenticalTcpBufferSizes(target)
+                && isIdenticalNat64Prefix(target);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1258,12 +1503,13 @@
     }
 
 
-    @Override
     /**
-     * generate hashcode based on significant fields
+     * Generate hashcode based on significant fields
+     *
      * Equal objects must produce the same hash code, while unequal objects
      * may have the same hash codes.
      */
+    @Override
     public int hashCode() {
         return ((null == mIfaceName) ? 0 : mIfaceName.hashCode()
                 + mLinkAddresses.size() * 31
@@ -1276,7 +1522,9 @@
                 + mMtu * 51
                 + ((null == mTcpBufferSizes) ? 0 : mTcpBufferSizes.hashCode())
                 + (mUsePrivateDns ? 57 : 0)
-                + ((null == mPrivateDnsServerName) ? 0 : mPrivateDnsServerName.hashCode());
+                + mPcscfs.size() * 67
+                + ((null == mPrivateDnsServerName) ? 0 : mPrivateDnsServerName.hashCode())
+                + Objects.hash(mNat64Prefix);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1299,6 +1547,10 @@
         }
         dest.writeBoolean(mUsePrivateDns);
         dest.writeString(mPrivateDnsServerName);
+        dest.writeInt(mPcscfs.size());
+        for (InetAddress d : mPcscfs) {
+            dest.writeByteArray(d.getAddress());
+        }
         dest.writeString(mDomains);
         dest.writeInt(mMtu);
         dest.writeString(mTcpBufferSizes);
@@ -1313,7 +1565,9 @@
         } else {
             dest.writeByte((byte)0);
         }
-        ArrayList<LinkProperties> stackedLinks = new ArrayList(mStackedLinks.values());
+        dest.writeParcelable(mNat64Prefix, 0);
+
+        ArrayList<LinkProperties> stackedLinks = new ArrayList<>(mStackedLinks.values());
         dest.writeList(stackedLinks);
     }
 
@@ -1331,7 +1585,7 @@
                 }
                 int addressCount = in.readInt();
                 for (int i = 0; i < addressCount; i++) {
-                    netProp.addLinkAddress((LinkAddress) in.readParcelable(null));
+                    netProp.addLinkAddress(in.readParcelable(null));
                 }
                 addressCount = in.readInt();
                 for (int i = 0; i < addressCount; i++) {
@@ -1348,16 +1602,23 @@
                 }
                 netProp.setUsePrivateDns(in.readBoolean());
                 netProp.setPrivateDnsServerName(in.readString());
+                addressCount = in.readInt();
+                for (int i = 0; i < addressCount; i++) {
+                    try {
+                        netProp.addPcscfServer(InetAddress.getByAddress(in.createByteArray()));
+                    } catch (UnknownHostException e) { }
+                }
                 netProp.setDomains(in.readString());
                 netProp.setMtu(in.readInt());
                 netProp.setTcpBufferSizes(in.readString());
                 addressCount = in.readInt();
                 for (int i = 0; i < addressCount; i++) {
-                    netProp.addRoute((RouteInfo) in.readParcelable(null));
+                    netProp.addRoute(in.readParcelable(null));
                 }
                 if (in.readByte() == 1) {
-                    netProp.setHttpProxy((ProxyInfo) in.readParcelable(null));
+                    netProp.setHttpProxy(in.readParcelable(null));
                 }
+                netProp.setNat64Prefix(in.readParcelable(null));
                 ArrayList<LinkProperties> stackedLinks = new ArrayList<LinkProperties>();
                 in.readList(stackedLinks, LinkProperties.class.getClassLoader());
                 for (LinkProperties stackedLink: stackedLinks) {
@@ -1377,10 +1638,9 @@
      */
     public static boolean isValidMtu(int mtu, boolean ipv6) {
         if (ipv6) {
-            if (mtu >= MIN_MTU_V6 && mtu <= MAX_MTU) return true;
+            return mtu >= MIN_MTU_V6 && mtu <= MAX_MTU;
         } else {
-            if (mtu >= MIN_MTU && mtu <= MAX_MTU) return true;
+            return mtu >= MIN_MTU && mtu <= MAX_MTU;
         }
-        return false;
     }
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/MacAddress.java b/core/java/android/net/MacAddress.java
index 74d6470..c2b7d2c 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/MacAddress.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/MacAddress.java
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 import android.annotation.IntDef;
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
 
@@ -26,6 +28,8 @@
 
 import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
 import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
 import java.security.SecureRandom;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Random;
@@ -48,8 +52,11 @@
 
     /**
      * The MacAddress zero MAC address.
+     *
+     * <p>Not publicly exposed or treated specially since the OUI 00:00:00 is registered.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final MacAddress ALL_ZEROS_ADDRESS = new MacAddress(0);
 
     /** @hide */
@@ -391,4 +398,34 @@
         }
         return out;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Create a link-local Inet6Address from the MAC address. The EUI-48 MAC address is converted
+     * to an EUI-64 MAC address per RFC 4291. The resulting EUI-64 is used to construct a link-local
+     * IPv6 address per RFC 4862.
+     *
+     * @return A link-local Inet6Address constructed from the MAC address.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public @Nullable Inet6Address getLinkLocalIpv6FromEui48Mac() {
+        byte[] macEui48Bytes = toByteArray();
+        byte[] addr = new byte[16];
+
+        addr[0] = (byte) 0xfe;
+        addr[1] = (byte) 0x80;
+        addr[8] = (byte) (macEui48Bytes[0] ^ (byte) 0x02); // flip the link-local bit
+        addr[9] = macEui48Bytes[1];
+        addr[10] = macEui48Bytes[2];
+        addr[11] = (byte) 0xff;
+        addr[12] = (byte) 0xfe;
+        addr[13] = macEui48Bytes[3];
+        addr[14] = macEui48Bytes[4];
+        addr[15] = macEui48Bytes[5];
+
+        try {
+            return Inet6Address.getByAddress(null, addr, 0);
+        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NattKeepalivePacketData.java b/core/java/android/net/NattKeepalivePacketData.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bdb246f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NattKeepalivePacketData.java
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_PORT;
+
+import android.net.SocketKeepalive.InvalidPacketException;
+import android.net.util.IpUtils;
+import android.system.OsConstants;
+
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+
+/** @hide */
+public final class NattKeepalivePacketData extends KeepalivePacketData {
+
+    // This should only be constructed via static factory methods, such as
+    // nattKeepalivePacket
+    private NattKeepalivePacketData(InetAddress srcAddress, int srcPort,
+            InetAddress dstAddress, int dstPort, byte[] data) throws
+            InvalidPacketException {
+        super(srcAddress, srcPort, dstAddress, dstPort, data);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Factory method to create Nat-T keepalive packet structure.
+     */
+    public static NattKeepalivePacketData nattKeepalivePacket(
+            InetAddress srcAddress, int srcPort, InetAddress dstAddress, int dstPort)
+            throws InvalidPacketException {
+
+        if (!(srcAddress instanceof Inet4Address) || !(dstAddress instanceof Inet4Address)) {
+            throw new InvalidPacketException(ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS);
+        }
+
+        if (dstPort != NattSocketKeepalive.NATT_PORT) {
+            throw new InvalidPacketException(ERROR_INVALID_PORT);
+        }
+
+        int length = IPV4_HEADER_LENGTH + UDP_HEADER_LENGTH + 1;
+        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(length);
+        buf.order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
+        buf.putShort((short) 0x4500);             // IP version and TOS
+        buf.putShort((short) length);
+        buf.putInt(0);                            // ID, flags, offset
+        buf.put((byte) 64);                       // TTL
+        buf.put((byte) OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP);
+        int ipChecksumOffset = buf.position();
+        buf.putShort((short) 0);                  // IP checksum
+        buf.put(srcAddress.getAddress());
+        buf.put(dstAddress.getAddress());
+        buf.putShort((short) srcPort);
+        buf.putShort((short) dstPort);
+        buf.putShort((short) (length - 20));      // UDP length
+        int udpChecksumOffset = buf.position();
+        buf.putShort((short) 0);                  // UDP checksum
+        buf.put((byte) 0xff);                     // NAT-T keepalive
+        buf.putShort(ipChecksumOffset, IpUtils.ipChecksum(buf, 0));
+        buf.putShort(udpChecksumOffset, IpUtils.udpChecksum(buf, 0, IPV4_HEADER_LENGTH));
+
+        return new NattKeepalivePacketData(srcAddress, srcPort, dstAddress, dstPort, buf.array());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NattSocketKeepalive.java b/core/java/android/net/NattSocketKeepalive.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88631ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NattSocketKeepalive.java
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.os.Binder;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/** @hide */
+public final class NattSocketKeepalive extends SocketKeepalive {
+    /** The NAT-T destination port for IPsec */
+    public static final int NATT_PORT = 4500;
+
+    @NonNull private final InetAddress mSource;
+    @NonNull private final InetAddress mDestination;
+    @NonNull private final FileDescriptor mFd;
+    private final int mResourceId;
+
+    NattSocketKeepalive(@NonNull IConnectivityManager service,
+            @NonNull Network network,
+            @NonNull FileDescriptor fd,
+            int resourceId,
+            @NonNull InetAddress source,
+            @NonNull InetAddress destination,
+            @NonNull Executor executor,
+            @NonNull Callback callback) {
+        super(service, network, executor, callback);
+        mSource = source;
+        mDestination = destination;
+        mFd = fd;
+        mResourceId = resourceId;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    void startImpl(int intervalSec) {
+        try {
+            mService.startNattKeepaliveWithFd(mNetwork, mFd, mResourceId, intervalSec, mMessenger,
+                    new Binder(), mSource.getHostAddress(), mDestination.getHostAddress());
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Error starting packet keepalive: ", e);
+            stopLooper();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    void stopImpl() {
+        try {
+            if (mSlot != null) {
+                mService.stopKeepalive(mNetwork, mSlot);
+            }
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Error stopping packet keepalive: ", e);
+            stopLooper();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/Network.java b/core/java/android/net/Network.java
index d75d439..e04b5fc 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/Network.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/Network.java
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.annotation.TestApi;
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
 import android.system.ErrnoException;
@@ -59,6 +62,7 @@
     /**
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public final int netId;
 
     // Objects used to perform per-network operations such as getSocketFactory
@@ -98,20 +102,31 @@
     // anytime and (b) receivers should be explicit about attempts to bypass
     // Private DNS so that the intent of the code is easily determined and
     // code search audits are possible.
-    private boolean mPrivateDnsBypass = false;
+    private final transient boolean mPrivateDnsBypass;
 
     /**
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public Network(int netId) {
-        this.netId = netId;
+        this(netId, false);
     }
 
     /**
      * @hide
      */
+    public Network(int netId, boolean privateDnsBypass) {
+        this.netId = netId;
+        this.mPrivateDnsBypass = privateDnsBypass;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public Network(Network that) {
-        this.netId = that.netId;
+        this(that.netId, that.mPrivateDnsBypass);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -130,8 +145,7 @@
      * Operates the same as {@code InetAddress.getByName} except that host
      * resolution is done on this network.
      *
-     * @param host
-     *            the hostName to be resolved to an address or {@code null}.
+     * @param host the hostname to be resolved to an address or {@code null}.
      * @return the {@code InetAddress} instance representing the host.
      * @throws UnknownHostException
      *             if the address lookup fails.
@@ -141,14 +155,16 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Specify whether or not Private DNS should be bypassed when attempting
-     * to use {@link getAllByName()}/{@link getByName()} methods on the given
+     * Obtain a Network object for which Private DNS is to be bypassed when attempting
+     * to use {@link #getAllByName(String)}/{@link #getByName(String)} methods on the given
      * instance for hostname resolution.
      *
      * @hide
      */
-    public void setPrivateDnsBypass(boolean bypass) {
-        mPrivateDnsBypass = bypass;
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
+    public Network getPrivateDnsBypassingCopy() {
+        return new Network(netId, true);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -169,13 +185,6 @@
      * A {@code SocketFactory} that produces {@code Socket}'s bound to this network.
      */
     private class NetworkBoundSocketFactory extends SocketFactory {
-        private final int mNetId;
-
-        public NetworkBoundSocketFactory(int netId) {
-            super();
-            mNetId = netId;
-        }
-
         private Socket connectToHost(String host, int port, SocketAddress localAddress)
                 throws IOException {
             // Lookup addresses only on this Network.
@@ -201,7 +210,8 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public Socket createSocket(String host, int port, InetAddress localHost, int localPort) throws IOException {
+        public Socket createSocket(String host, int port, InetAddress localHost, int localPort)
+                throws IOException {
             return connectToHost(host, port, new InetSocketAddress(localHost, localPort));
         }
 
@@ -265,7 +275,7 @@
         if (mNetworkBoundSocketFactory == null) {
             synchronized (mLock) {
                 if (mNetworkBoundSocketFactory == null) {
-                    mNetworkBoundSocketFactory = new NetworkBoundSocketFactory(netId);
+                    mNetworkBoundSocketFactory = new NetworkBoundSocketFactory();
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -475,7 +485,7 @@
 
     @Override
     public boolean equals(Object obj) {
-        if (obj instanceof Network == false) return false;
+        if (!(obj instanceof Network)) return false;
         Network other = (Network)obj;
         return this.netId == other.netId;
     }
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkAgent.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkAgent.java
index 52a2354..7bef690 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkAgent.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkAgent.java
@@ -16,8 +16,9 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.content.Context;
-import android.net.ConnectivityManager.PacketKeepalive;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.Looper;
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@
      *
      * Also used internally by ConnectivityService / KeepaliveTracker, with different semantics.
      */
-    public static final int CMD_START_PACKET_KEEPALIVE = BASE + 11;
+    public static final int CMD_START_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE = BASE + 11;
 
     /**
      * Requests that the specified keepalive packet be stopped.
@@ -161,20 +162,40 @@
      *
      * Also used internally by ConnectivityService / KeepaliveTracker, with different semantics.
      */
-    public static final int CMD_STOP_PACKET_KEEPALIVE = BASE + 12;
+    public static final int CMD_STOP_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE = BASE + 12;
 
     /**
-     * Sent by the NetworkAgent to ConnectivityService to provide status on a packet keepalive
-     * request. This may either be the reply to a CMD_START_PACKET_KEEPALIVE, or an asynchronous
+     * Sent by the NetworkAgent to ConnectivityService to provide status on a socket keepalive
+     * request. This may either be the reply to a CMD_START_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE, or an asynchronous
      * error notification.
      *
-     * This is also sent by KeepaliveTracker to the app's ConnectivityManager.PacketKeepalive to
-     * so that the app's PacketKeepaliveCallback methods can be called.
+     * This is also sent by KeepaliveTracker to the app's {@link SocketKeepalive},
+     * so that the app's {@link SocketKeepalive.Callback} methods can be called.
      *
      * arg1 = slot number of the keepalive
      * arg2 = error code
      */
-    public static final int EVENT_PACKET_KEEPALIVE = BASE + 13;
+    public static final int EVENT_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE = BASE + 13;
+
+    // TODO: move the above 2 constants down so they are in order once merge conflicts are resolved
+    /**
+     * Sent by the KeepaliveTracker to NetworkAgent to add a packet filter.
+     *
+     * For TCP keepalive offloads, keepalive packets are sent by the firmware. However, because the
+     * remote site will send ACK packets in response to the keepalive packets, the firmware also
+     * needs to be configured to properly filter the ACKs to prevent the system from waking up.
+     * This does not happen with UDP, so this message is TCP-specific.
+     * arg1 = slot number of the keepalive to filter for.
+     * obj = the keepalive packet to send repeatedly.
+     */
+    public static final int CMD_ADD_KEEPALIVE_PACKET_FILTER = BASE + 16;
+
+    /**
+     * Sent by the KeepaliveTracker to NetworkAgent to remove a packet filter. See
+     * {@link #CMD_ADD_KEEPALIVE_PACKET_FILTER}.
+     * arg1 = slot number of the keepalive packet filter to remove.
+     */
+    public static final int CMD_REMOVE_KEEPALIVE_PACKET_FILTER = BASE + 17;
 
     /**
      * Sent by ConnectivityService to inform this network transport of signal strength thresholds
@@ -286,12 +307,12 @@
                 saveAcceptUnvalidated(msg.arg1 != 0);
                 break;
             }
-            case CMD_START_PACKET_KEEPALIVE: {
-                startPacketKeepalive(msg);
+            case CMD_START_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE: {
+                startSocketKeepalive(msg);
                 break;
             }
-            case CMD_STOP_PACKET_KEEPALIVE: {
-                stopPacketKeepalive(msg);
+            case CMD_STOP_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE: {
+                stopSocketKeepalive(msg);
                 break;
             }
 
@@ -311,6 +332,14 @@
                 preventAutomaticReconnect();
                 break;
             }
+            case CMD_ADD_KEEPALIVE_PACKET_FILTER: {
+                addKeepalivePacketFilter(msg);
+                break;
+            }
+            case CMD_REMOVE_KEEPALIVE_PACKET_FILTER: {
+                removeKeepalivePacketFilter(msg);
+                break;
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -351,6 +380,7 @@
     /**
      * Called by the bearer code when it has new NetworkInfo data.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 115609023)
     public void sendNetworkInfo(NetworkInfo networkInfo) {
         queueOrSendMessage(EVENT_NETWORK_INFO_CHANGED, new NetworkInfo(networkInfo));
     }
@@ -372,7 +402,7 @@
         if (score < 0) {
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Score must be >= 0");
         }
-        queueOrSendMessage(EVENT_NETWORK_SCORE_CHANGED, new Integer(score));
+        queueOrSendMessage(EVENT_NETWORK_SCORE_CHANGED,  score, 0);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -387,7 +417,7 @@
      * {@link #saveAcceptUnvalidated} to respect the user's choice.
      */
     public void explicitlySelected(boolean acceptUnvalidated) {
-        queueOrSendMessage(EVENT_SET_EXPLICITLY_SELECTED, acceptUnvalidated);
+        queueOrSendMessage(EVENT_SET_EXPLICITLY_SELECTED, acceptUnvalidated ? 1 : 0, 0);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -440,22 +470,40 @@
     /**
      * Requests that the network hardware send the specified packet at the specified interval.
      */
-    protected void startPacketKeepalive(Message msg) {
-        onPacketKeepaliveEvent(msg.arg1, PacketKeepalive.ERROR_HARDWARE_UNSUPPORTED);
+    protected void startSocketKeepalive(Message msg) {
+        onSocketKeepaliveEvent(msg.arg1, SocketKeepalive.ERROR_HARDWARE_UNSUPPORTED);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Requests that the network hardware send the specified packet at the specified interval.
+     * Requests that the network hardware stops sending keepalive packets.
      */
-    protected void stopPacketKeepalive(Message msg) {
-        onPacketKeepaliveEvent(msg.arg1, PacketKeepalive.ERROR_HARDWARE_UNSUPPORTED);
+    protected void stopSocketKeepalive(Message msg) {
+        onSocketKeepaliveEvent(msg.arg1, SocketKeepalive.ERROR_HARDWARE_UNSUPPORTED);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Called by the network when a packet keepalive event occurs.
+     * Called by the network when a socket keepalive event occurs.
      */
-    public void onPacketKeepaliveEvent(int slot, int reason) {
-        queueOrSendMessage(EVENT_PACKET_KEEPALIVE, slot, reason);
+    public void onSocketKeepaliveEvent(int slot, int reason) {
+        queueOrSendMessage(EVENT_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE, slot, reason);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called by ConnectivityService to add specific packet filter to network hardware to block
+     * ACKs matching the sent keepalive packets. Implementations that support this feature must
+     * override this method.
+     */
+    protected void addKeepalivePacketFilter(Message msg) {
+        onSocketKeepaliveEvent(msg.arg1, SocketKeepalive.ERROR_HARDWARE_UNSUPPORTED);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called by ConnectivityService to remove a packet filter installed with
+     * {@link #addKeepalivePacketFilter(Message)}. Implementations that support this feature
+     * must override this method.
+     */
+    protected void removeKeepalivePacketFilter(Message msg) {
+        onSocketKeepaliveEvent(msg.arg1, SocketKeepalive.ERROR_HARDWARE_UNSUPPORTED);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
index e3a1107..7e9bda1 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilities.java
@@ -17,9 +17,12 @@
 package android.net;
 
 import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.annotation.SystemApi;
 import android.annotation.TestApi;
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
@@ -56,6 +59,7 @@
     /**
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public NetworkCapabilities() {
         clearAll();
         mNetworkCapabilities = DEFAULT_CAPABILITIES;
@@ -76,6 +80,7 @@
         mNetworkCapabilities = mTransportTypes = mUnwantedNetworkCapabilities = 0;
         mLinkUpBandwidthKbps = mLinkDownBandwidthKbps = LINK_BANDWIDTH_UNSPECIFIED;
         mNetworkSpecifier = null;
+        mTransportInfo = null;
         mSignalStrength = SIGNAL_STRENGTH_UNSPECIFIED;
         mUids = null;
         mEstablishingVpnAppUid = INVALID_UID;
@@ -92,6 +97,7 @@
         mLinkUpBandwidthKbps = nc.mLinkUpBandwidthKbps;
         mLinkDownBandwidthKbps = nc.mLinkDownBandwidthKbps;
         mNetworkSpecifier = nc.mNetworkSpecifier;
+        mTransportInfo = nc.mTransportInfo;
         mSignalStrength = nc.mSignalStrength;
         setUids(nc.mUids); // Will make the defensive copy
         mEstablishingVpnAppUid = nc.mEstablishingVpnAppUid;
@@ -103,6 +109,7 @@
      * Represents the network's capabilities.  If any are specified they will be satisfied
      * by any Network that matches all of them.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     private long mNetworkCapabilities;
 
     /**
@@ -371,6 +378,7 @@
      * @return This NetworkCapabilities instance, to facilitate chaining.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public NetworkCapabilities addCapability(@NetCapability int capability) {
         checkValidCapability(capability);
         mNetworkCapabilities |= 1 << capability;
@@ -400,13 +408,14 @@
     /**
      * Removes (if found) the given capability from this {@code NetworkCapability} instance.
      * <p>
-     * Note that this method removes capabilities that was added via {@link #addCapability(int)},
+     * Note that this method removes capabilities that were added via {@link #addCapability(int)},
      * {@link #addUnwantedCapability(int)} or {@link #setCapabilities(int[], int[])} .
      *
      * @param capability the capability to be removed.
      * @return This NetworkCapabilities instance, to facilitate chaining.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public NetworkCapabilities removeCapability(@NetCapability int capability) {
         checkValidCapability(capability);
         final long mask = ~(1 << capability);
@@ -490,6 +499,7 @@
                 && ((mUnwantedNetworkCapabilities & (1 << capability)) != 0);
     }
 
+    /** Note this method may result in having the same capability in wanted and unwanted lists. */
     private void combineNetCapabilities(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
         this.mNetworkCapabilities |= nc.mNetworkCapabilities;
         this.mUnwantedNetworkCapabilities |= nc.mUnwantedNetworkCapabilities;
@@ -658,6 +668,7 @@
      * @return This NetworkCapabilities instance, to facilitate chaining.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public NetworkCapabilities addTransportType(@Transport int transportType) {
         checkValidTransportType(transportType);
         mTransportTypes |= 1 << transportType;
@@ -701,6 +712,7 @@
      * @hide
      */
     @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public @Transport int[] getTransportTypes() {
         return BitUtils.unpackBits(mTransportTypes);
     }
@@ -866,6 +878,7 @@
     }
 
     private NetworkSpecifier mNetworkSpecifier = null;
+    private TransportInfo mTransportInfo = null;
 
     /**
      * Sets the optional bearer specific network specifier.
@@ -891,16 +904,43 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * Sets the optional transport specific information.
+     *
+     * @param transportInfo A concrete, parcelable framework class that extends
+     * {@link TransportInfo}.
+     * @return This NetworkCapabilities instance, to facilitate chaining.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public NetworkCapabilities setTransportInfo(TransportInfo transportInfo) {
+        mTransportInfo = transportInfo;
+        return this;
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Gets the optional bearer specific network specifier.
      *
      * @return The optional {@link NetworkSpecifier} specifying the bearer specific network
      *         specifier. See {@link #setNetworkSpecifier}.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 115609023)
     public NetworkSpecifier getNetworkSpecifier() {
         return mNetworkSpecifier;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns a transport-specific information container. The application may cast this
+     * container to a concrete sub-class based on its knowledge of the network request. The
+     * application should be able to deal with a {@code null} return value or an invalid case,
+     * e.g. use {@code instanceof} operator to verify expected type.
+     *
+     * @return A concrete implementation of the {@link TransportInfo} class or null if not
+     * available for the network.
+     */
+    @Nullable public TransportInfo getTransportInfo() {
+        return mTransportInfo;
+    }
+
     private void combineSpecifiers(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
         if (mNetworkSpecifier != null && !mNetworkSpecifier.equals(nc.mNetworkSpecifier)) {
             throw new IllegalStateException("Can't combine two networkSpecifiers");
@@ -917,6 +957,17 @@
         return Objects.equals(mNetworkSpecifier, nc.mNetworkSpecifier);
     }
 
+    private void combineTransportInfos(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
+        if (mTransportInfo != null && !mTransportInfo.equals(nc.mTransportInfo)) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Can't combine two TransportInfos");
+        }
+        setTransportInfo(nc.mTransportInfo);
+    }
+
+    private boolean equalsTransportInfo(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
+        return Objects.equals(mTransportInfo, nc.mTransportInfo);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Magic value that indicates no signal strength provided. A request specifying this value is
      * always satisfied.
@@ -929,6 +980,7 @@
      * Signal strength. This is a signed integer, and higher values indicate better signal.
      * The exact units are bearer-dependent. For example, Wi-Fi uses RSSI.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     private int mSignalStrength = SIGNAL_STRENGTH_UNSPECIFIED;
 
     /**
@@ -944,6 +996,7 @@
      * @param signalStrength the bearer-specific signal strength.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public NetworkCapabilities setSignalStrength(int signalStrength) {
         mSignalStrength = signalStrength;
         return this;
@@ -954,6 +1007,7 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public boolean hasSignalStrength() {
         return mSignalStrength > SIGNAL_STRENGTH_UNSPECIFIED;
     }
@@ -964,6 +1018,7 @@
      * @return The bearer-specific signal strength.
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
     public int getSignalStrength() {
         return mSignalStrength;
     }
@@ -1213,7 +1268,11 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Combine a set of Capabilities to this one.  Useful for coming up with the complete set
+     * Combine a set of Capabilities to this one.  Useful for coming up with the complete set.
+     * <p>
+     * Note that this method may break an invariant of having a particular capability in either
+     * wanted or unwanted lists but never in both.  Requests that have the same capability in
+     * both lists will never be satisfied.
      * @hide
      */
     public void combineCapabilities(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
@@ -1221,6 +1280,7 @@
         combineTransportTypes(nc);
         combineLinkBandwidths(nc);
         combineSpecifiers(nc);
+        combineTransportInfos(nc);
         combineSignalStrength(nc);
         combineUids(nc);
         combineSSIDs(nc);
@@ -1253,6 +1313,8 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public boolean satisfiedByNetworkCapabilities(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
         return satisfiedByNetworkCapabilities(nc, false);
     }
@@ -1330,6 +1392,7 @@
                 && equalsLinkBandwidths(that)
                 && equalsSignalStrength(that)
                 && equalsSpecifier(that)
+                && equalsTransportInfo(that)
                 && equalsUids(that)
                 && equalsSSID(that));
     }
@@ -1347,7 +1410,8 @@
                 + Objects.hashCode(mNetworkSpecifier) * 23
                 + (mSignalStrength * 29)
                 + Objects.hashCode(mUids) * 31
-                + Objects.hashCode(mSSID) * 37;
+                + Objects.hashCode(mSSID) * 37
+                + Objects.hashCode(mTransportInfo) * 41;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -1362,6 +1426,7 @@
         dest.writeInt(mLinkUpBandwidthKbps);
         dest.writeInt(mLinkDownBandwidthKbps);
         dest.writeParcelable((Parcelable) mNetworkSpecifier, flags);
+        dest.writeParcelable((Parcelable) mTransportInfo, flags);
         dest.writeInt(mSignalStrength);
         dest.writeArraySet(mUids);
         dest.writeString(mSSID);
@@ -1379,6 +1444,7 @@
                 netCap.mLinkUpBandwidthKbps = in.readInt();
                 netCap.mLinkDownBandwidthKbps = in.readInt();
                 netCap.mNetworkSpecifier = in.readParcelable(null);
+                netCap.mTransportInfo = in.readParcelable(null);
                 netCap.mSignalStrength = in.readInt();
                 netCap.mUids = (ArraySet<UidRange>) in.readArraySet(
                         null /* ClassLoader, null for default */);
@@ -1404,7 +1470,7 @@
             appendStringRepresentationOfBitMaskToStringBuilder(sb, mNetworkCapabilities,
                     NetworkCapabilities::capabilityNameOf, "&");
         }
-        if (0 != mNetworkCapabilities) {
+        if (0 != mUnwantedNetworkCapabilities) {
             sb.append(" Unwanted: ");
             appendStringRepresentationOfBitMaskToStringBuilder(sb, mUnwantedNetworkCapabilities,
                     NetworkCapabilities::capabilityNameOf, "&");
@@ -1418,6 +1484,9 @@
         if (mNetworkSpecifier != null) {
             sb.append(" Specifier: <").append(mNetworkSpecifier).append(">");
         }
+        if (mTransportInfo != null) {
+            sb.append(" TransportInfo: <").append(mTransportInfo).append(">");
+        }
         if (hasSignalStrength()) {
             sb.append(" SignalStrength: ").append(mSignalStrength);
         }
@@ -1484,6 +1553,9 @@
         if (mNetworkSpecifier != null) {
             proto.write(NetworkCapabilitiesProto.NETWORK_SPECIFIER, mNetworkSpecifier.toString());
         }
+        if (mTransportInfo != null) {
+            // TODO b/120653863: write transport-specific info to proto?
+        }
 
         proto.write(NetworkCapabilitiesProto.CAN_REPORT_SIGNAL_STRENGTH, hasSignalStrength());
         proto.write(NetworkCapabilitiesProto.SIGNAL_STRENGTH, mSignalStrength);
@@ -1539,6 +1611,7 @@
     /**
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static String transportNamesOf(@Transport int[] types) {
         StringJoiner joiner = new StringJoiner("|");
         if (types != null) {
@@ -1572,4 +1645,14 @@
         Preconditions.checkArgument(isValidCapability(capability),
                 "NetworkCapability " + capability + "out of range");
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if this {@code NetworkCapability} instance is metered.
+     *
+     * @return {@code true} if {@code NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED} is not set on this instance.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public boolean isMetered() {
+        return !hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkInfo.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkInfo.java
index 999771a..89d9961 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkInfo.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkInfo.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
 
@@ -27,7 +28,20 @@
  * Describes the status of a network interface.
  * <p>Use {@link ConnectivityManager#getActiveNetworkInfo()} to get an instance that represents
  * the current network connection.
+ *
+ * @deprecated Callers should instead use the {@link ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback} API to
+ *             learn about connectivity changes, or switch to use
+ *             {@link ConnectivityManager#getNetworkCapabilities} or
+ *             {@link ConnectivityManager#getLinkProperties} to get information synchronously. Keep
+ *             in mind that while callbacks are guaranteed to be called for every event in order,
+ *             synchronous calls have no such constraints, and as such it is unadvisable to use the
+ *             synchronous methods inside the callbacks as they will often not offer a view of
+ *             networking that is consistent (that is: they may return a past or a future state with
+ *             respect to the event being processed by the callback). Instead, callers are advised
+ *             to only use the arguments of the callbacks, possibly memorizing the specific bits of
+ *             information they need to keep from one callback to another.
  */
+@Deprecated
 public class NetworkInfo implements Parcelable {
 
     /**
@@ -51,7 +65,10 @@
      * <tr><td><code>FAILED</code></td><td><code>DISCONNECTED</code></td></tr>
      * <tr><td><code>BLOCKED</code></td><td><code>DISCONNECTED</code></td></tr>
      * </table>
+     *
+     * @deprecated See {@link NetworkInfo}.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public enum State {
         CONNECTING, CONNECTED, SUSPENDED, DISCONNECTING, DISCONNECTED, UNKNOWN
     }
@@ -60,7 +77,10 @@
      * The fine-grained state of a network connection. This level of detail
      * is probably of interest to few applications. Most should use
      * {@link android.net.NetworkInfo.State State} instead.
+     *
+     * @deprecated See {@link NetworkInfo}.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public enum DetailedState {
         /** Ready to start data connection setup. */
         IDLE,
@@ -129,6 +149,7 @@
     /**
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public NetworkInfo(int type, int subtype, String typeName, String subtypeName) {
         if (!ConnectivityManager.isNetworkTypeValid(type)
                 && type != ConnectivityManager.TYPE_NONE) {
@@ -143,6 +164,7 @@
     }
 
     /** {@hide} */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public NetworkInfo(NetworkInfo source) {
         if (source != null) {
             synchronized (source) {
@@ -199,7 +221,9 @@
      * Return a network-type-specific integer describing the subtype
      * of the network.
      * @return the network subtype
+     * @deprecated Use {@link android.telephony.TelephonyManager#getDataNetworkType} instead.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public int getSubtype() {
         synchronized (this) {
             return mSubtype;
@@ -209,6 +233,7 @@
     /**
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public void setSubtype(int subtype, String subtypeName) {
         synchronized (this) {
             mSubtype = subtype;
@@ -239,7 +264,9 @@
     /**
      * Return a human-readable name describing the subtype of the network.
      * @return the name of the network subtype
+     * @deprecated Use {@link android.telephony.TelephonyManager#getDataNetworkType} instead.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public String getSubtypeName() {
         synchronized (this) {
             return mSubtypeName;
@@ -274,7 +301,15 @@
      * connections and pass data.
      * <p>Always call this before attempting to perform data transactions.
      * @return {@code true} if network connectivity exists, {@code false} otherwise.
+     * @deprecated Apps should instead use the
+     *             {@link android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback} API to
+     *             learn about connectivity changes. See
+     *             {@link ConnectivityManager#registerDefaultNetworkCallback} and
+     *             {@link ConnectivityManager#registerNetworkCallback}. These will
+     *             give a more accurate picture of the connectivity state of
+     *             the device and let apps react more easily and quickly to changes.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public boolean isConnected() {
         synchronized (this) {
             return mState == State.CONNECTED;
@@ -317,6 +352,7 @@
      * @hide
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public void setIsAvailable(boolean isAvailable) {
         synchronized (this) {
             mIsAvailable = isAvailable;
@@ -347,6 +383,7 @@
      * @hide
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public void setFailover(boolean isFailover) {
         synchronized (this) {
             mIsFailover = isFailover;
@@ -377,6 +414,7 @@
      */
     @VisibleForTesting
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public void setRoaming(boolean isRoaming) {
         synchronized (this) {
             mIsRoaming = isRoaming;
@@ -404,7 +442,15 @@
     /**
      * Reports the current fine-grained state of the network.
      * @return the fine-grained state
+     * @deprecated Apps should instead use the
+     *             {@link android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback} API to
+     *             learn about connectivity changes. See
+     *             {@link ConnectivityManager#registerDefaultNetworkCallback} and
+     *             {@link ConnectivityManager#registerNetworkCallback}. These will
+     *             give a more accurate picture of the connectivity state of
+     *             the device and let apps react more easily and quickly to changes.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public DetailedState getDetailedState() {
         synchronized (this) {
             return mDetailedState;
@@ -422,6 +468,7 @@
      * @hide
      */
     @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public void setDetailedState(DetailedState detailedState, String reason, String extraInfo) {
         synchronized (this) {
             this.mDetailedState = detailedState;
@@ -435,8 +482,10 @@
      * Set the extraInfo field.
      * @param extraInfo an optional {@code String} providing addditional network state
      * information passed up from the lower networking layers.
+     * @deprecated See {@link NetworkInfo#getExtraInfo}.
      * @hide
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public void setExtraInfo(String extraInfo) {
         synchronized (this) {
             this.mExtraInfo = extraInfo;
@@ -460,7 +509,10 @@
      * Report the extra information about the network state, if any was
      * provided by the lower networking layers.
      * @return the extra information, or null if not available
+     * @deprecated Use other services e.g. WifiManager to get additional information passed up from
+     *             the lower networking layers.
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public String getExtraInfo() {
         synchronized (this) {
             return mExtraInfo;
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkMisc.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkMisc.java
index a2da6ea..c0487b5 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkMisc.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkMisc.java
@@ -65,6 +65,12 @@
      */
     public String subscriberId;
 
+    /**
+     * Set to skip 464xlat. This means the device will treat the network as IPv6-only and
+     * will not attempt to detect a NAT64 via RFC 7050 DNS lookups.
+     */
+    public boolean skip464xlat;
+
     public NetworkMisc() {
     }
 
@@ -75,6 +81,7 @@
             acceptUnvalidated = nm.acceptUnvalidated;
             subscriberId = nm.subscriberId;
             provisioningNotificationDisabled = nm.provisioningNotificationDisabled;
+            skip464xlat = nm.skip464xlat;
         }
     }
 
@@ -90,6 +97,7 @@
         out.writeInt(acceptUnvalidated ? 1 : 0);
         out.writeString(subscriberId);
         out.writeInt(provisioningNotificationDisabled ? 1 : 0);
+        out.writeInt(skip464xlat ? 1 : 0);
     }
 
     public static final Creator<NetworkMisc> CREATOR = new Creator<NetworkMisc>() {
@@ -101,6 +109,7 @@
             networkMisc.acceptUnvalidated = in.readInt() != 0;
             networkMisc.subscriberId = in.readString();
             networkMisc.provisioningNotificationDisabled = in.readInt() != 0;
+            networkMisc.skip464xlat = in.readInt() != 0;
             return networkMisc;
         }
 
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkRequest.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkRequest.java
index 16c2342..9508217 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkRequest.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkRequest.java
@@ -17,8 +17,11 @@
 package android.net;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NetCapability;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities.Transport;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
 import android.os.Process;
@@ -38,6 +41,7 @@
      * The {@link NetworkCapabilities} that define this request.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public final @NonNull NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities;
 
     /**
@@ -46,6 +50,7 @@
      * the request.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public final int requestId;
 
     /**
@@ -53,6 +58,7 @@
      * Causes CONNECTIVITY_ACTION broadcasts to be sent.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 115609023)
     public final int legacyType;
 
     /**
@@ -241,6 +247,7 @@
          * @return The builder to facilitate chaining.
          * @hide
          */
+        @UnsupportedAppUsage
         public Builder clearCapabilities() {
             mNetworkCapabilities.clearAll();
             return this;
@@ -339,6 +346,7 @@
          * @param signalStrength the bearer-specific signal strength.
          * @hide
          */
+        @SystemApi
         public Builder setSignalStrength(int signalStrength) {
             mNetworkCapabilities.setSignalStrength(signalStrength);
             return this;
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkState.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkState.java
index 321f971..97fb3fb 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkState.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkState.java
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
 import android.util.Slog;
@@ -33,6 +35,7 @@
     public final NetworkInfo networkInfo;
     public final LinkProperties linkProperties;
     public final NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities;
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 115609023)
     public final Network network;
     public final String subscriberId;
     public final String networkId;
@@ -58,6 +61,7 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public NetworkState(Parcel in) {
         networkInfo = in.readParcelable(null);
         linkProperties = in.readParcelable(null);
@@ -82,6 +86,7 @@
         out.writeString(networkId);
     }
 
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static final Creator<NetworkState> CREATOR = new Creator<NetworkState>() {
         @Override
         public NetworkState createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/NetworkUtils.java b/core/java/android/net/NetworkUtils.java
index 9a5d502..0ae29b1 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/NetworkUtils.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/NetworkUtils.java
@@ -16,11 +16,15 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
-import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
+import android.net.shared.Inet4AddressUtils;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.system.ErrnoException;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.util.Pair;
 
 import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.math.BigInteger;
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
@@ -43,6 +47,7 @@
     /**
      * Attaches a socket filter that accepts DHCP packets to the given socket.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public native static void attachDhcpFilter(FileDescriptor fd) throws SocketException;
 
     /**
@@ -50,6 +55,7 @@
      * @param fd the socket's {@link FileDescriptor}.
      * @param packetType the hardware address type, one of ARPHRD_*.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public native static void attachRaFilter(FileDescriptor fd, int packetType) throws SocketException;
 
     /**
@@ -60,10 +66,23 @@
      * @param fd the socket's {@link FileDescriptor}.
      * @param packetType the hardware address type, one of ARPHRD_*.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public native static void attachControlPacketFilter(FileDescriptor fd, int packetType)
             throws SocketException;
 
     /**
+     * Attaches a socket filter that drops all of incoming packets.
+     * @param fd the socket's {@link FileDescriptor}.
+     */
+    public static native void attachDropAllBPFFilter(FileDescriptor fd) throws SocketException;
+
+    /**
+     * Detaches a socket filter.
+     * @param fd the socket's {@link FileDescriptor}.
+     */
+    public static native void detachBPFFilter(FileDescriptor fd) throws SocketException;
+
+    /**
      * Configures a socket for receiving ICMPv6 router solicitations and sending advertisements.
      * @param fd the socket's {@link FileDescriptor}.
      * @param ifIndex the interface index.
@@ -108,6 +127,7 @@
      * this socket will go directly to the underlying network, so its traffic will not be
      * forwarded through the VPN.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static boolean protectFromVpn(FileDescriptor fd) {
         return protectFromVpn(fd.getInt$());
     }
@@ -126,51 +146,89 @@
     public native static boolean queryUserAccess(int uid, int netId);
 
     /**
-     * Convert a IPv4 address from an integer to an InetAddress.
-     * @param hostAddress an int corresponding to the IPv4 address in network byte order
+     * DNS resolver series jni method.
+     * Issue the query {@code msg} on the network designated by {@code netId}.
+     * {@code flags} is an additional config to control actual querying behavior.
+     * @return a file descriptor to watch for read events
      */
-    public static InetAddress intToInetAddress(int hostAddress) {
-        byte[] addressBytes = { (byte)(0xff & hostAddress),
-                                (byte)(0xff & (hostAddress >> 8)),
-                                (byte)(0xff & (hostAddress >> 16)),
-                                (byte)(0xff & (hostAddress >> 24)) };
+    public static native FileDescriptor resNetworkSend(
+            int netId, byte[] msg, int msglen, int flags) throws ErrnoException;
 
-        try {
-           return InetAddress.getByAddress(addressBytes);
-        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
-           throw new AssertionError();
-        }
+    /**
+     * DNS resolver series jni method.
+     * Look up the {@code nsClass} {@code nsType} Resource Record (RR) associated
+     * with Domain Name {@code dname} on the network designated by {@code netId}.
+     * {@code flags} is an additional config to control actual querying behavior.
+     * @return a file descriptor to watch for read events
+     */
+    public static native FileDescriptor resNetworkQuery(
+            int netId, String dname, int nsClass, int nsType, int flags) throws ErrnoException;
+
+    /**
+     * DNS resolver series jni method.
+     * Read a result for the query associated with the {@code fd}.
+     * @return a byte array containing blob answer
+     */
+    public static native byte[] resNetworkResult(FileDescriptor fd) throws ErrnoException;
+
+    /**
+     * Add an entry into the ARP cache.
+     */
+    public static void addArpEntry(Inet4Address ipv4Addr, MacAddress ethAddr, String ifname,
+            FileDescriptor fd) throws IOException {
+        addArpEntry(ethAddr.toByteArray(), ipv4Addr.getAddress(), ifname, fd);
+    }
+
+    private static native void addArpEntry(byte[] ethAddr, byte[] netAddr, String ifname,
+            FileDescriptor fd) throws IOException;
+
+
+    /**
+     * Get the tcp repair window associated with the {@code fd}.
+     *
+     * @param fd the tcp socket's {@link FileDescriptor}.
+     * @return a {@link TcpRepairWindow} object indicates tcp window size.
+     */
+    public static native TcpRepairWindow getTcpRepairWindow(FileDescriptor fd)
+            throws ErrnoException;
+
+    /**
+     * @see Inet4AddressUtils#intToInet4AddressHTL(int)
+     * @deprecated Use either {@link Inet4AddressUtils#intToInet4AddressHTH(int)}
+     *             or {@link Inet4AddressUtils#intToInet4AddressHTL(int)}
+     */
+    @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
+    public static InetAddress intToInetAddress(int hostAddress) {
+        return Inet4AddressUtils.intToInet4AddressHTL(hostAddress);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Convert a IPv4 address from an InetAddress to an integer
-     * @param inetAddr is an InetAddress corresponding to the IPv4 address
-     * @return the IP address as an integer in network byte order
+     * @see Inet4AddressUtils#inet4AddressToIntHTL(Inet4Address)
+     * @deprecated Use either {@link Inet4AddressUtils#inet4AddressToIntHTH(Inet4Address)}
+     *             or {@link Inet4AddressUtils#inet4AddressToIntHTL(Inet4Address)}
      */
+    @Deprecated
     public static int inetAddressToInt(Inet4Address inetAddr)
             throws IllegalArgumentException {
-        byte [] addr = inetAddr.getAddress();
-        return ((addr[3] & 0xff) << 24) | ((addr[2] & 0xff) << 16) |
-                ((addr[1] & 0xff) << 8) | (addr[0] & 0xff);
+        return Inet4AddressUtils.inet4AddressToIntHTL(inetAddr);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Convert a network prefix length to an IPv4 netmask integer
-     * @param prefixLength
-     * @return the IPv4 netmask as an integer in network byte order
+     * @see Inet4AddressUtils#prefixLengthToV4NetmaskIntHTL(int)
+     * @deprecated Use either {@link Inet4AddressUtils#prefixLengthToV4NetmaskIntHTH(int)}
+     *             or {@link Inet4AddressUtils#prefixLengthToV4NetmaskIntHTL(int)}
      */
+    @Deprecated
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static int prefixLengthToNetmaskInt(int prefixLength)
             throws IllegalArgumentException {
-        if (prefixLength < 0 || prefixLength > 32) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid prefix length (0 <= prefix <= 32)");
-        }
-        int value = 0xffffffff << (32 - prefixLength);
-        return Integer.reverseBytes(value);
+        return Inet4AddressUtils.prefixLengthToV4NetmaskIntHTL(prefixLength);
     }
 
     /**
      * Convert a IPv4 netmask integer to a prefix length
-     * @param netmask as an integer in network byte order
+     * @param netmask as an integer (0xff000000 for a /8 subnet)
      * @return the network prefix length
      */
     public static int netmaskIntToPrefixLength(int netmask) {
@@ -183,16 +241,13 @@
      * @return the network prefix length
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException the specified netmask was not contiguous.
      * @hide
+     * @deprecated use {@link Inet4AddressUtils#netmaskToPrefixLength(Inet4Address)}
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
+    @Deprecated
     public static int netmaskToPrefixLength(Inet4Address netmask) {
-        // inetAddressToInt returns an int in *network* byte order.
-        int i = Integer.reverseBytes(inetAddressToInt(netmask));
-        int prefixLength = Integer.bitCount(i);
-        int trailingZeros = Integer.numberOfTrailingZeros(i);
-        if (trailingZeros != 32 - prefixLength) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Non-contiguous netmask: " + Integer.toHexString(i));
-        }
-        return prefixLength;
+        // This is only here because some apps seem to be using it (@UnsupportedAppUsage).
+        return Inet4AddressUtils.netmaskToPrefixLength(netmask);
     }
 
 
@@ -203,39 +258,16 @@
      * @param addrString
      * @return the InetAddress
      * @hide
+     * @deprecated Use {@link InetAddresses#parseNumericAddress(String)}, if possible.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P)
+    @Deprecated
     public static InetAddress numericToInetAddress(String addrString)
             throws IllegalArgumentException {
         return InetAddress.parseNumericAddress(addrString);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes an InetAddress to a parcel. The address may be null. This is likely faster than
-     * calling writeSerializable.
-     */
-    protected static void parcelInetAddress(Parcel parcel, InetAddress address, int flags) {
-        byte[] addressArray = (address != null) ? address.getAddress() : null;
-        parcel.writeByteArray(addressArray);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Reads an InetAddress from a parcel. Returns null if the address that was written was null
-     * or if the data is invalid.
-     */
-    protected static InetAddress unparcelInetAddress(Parcel in) {
-        byte[] addressArray = in.createByteArray();
-        if (addressArray == null) {
-            return null;
-        }
-        try {
-            return InetAddress.getByAddress(addressArray);
-        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
-            return null;
-        }
-    }
-
-
-    /**
      *  Masks a raw IP address byte array with the specified prefix length.
      */
     public static void maskRawAddress(byte[] array, int prefixLength) {
@@ -278,17 +310,10 @@
     /**
      * Returns the implicit netmask of an IPv4 address, as was the custom before 1993.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static int getImplicitNetmask(Inet4Address address) {
-        int firstByte = address.getAddress()[0] & 0xff;  // Convert to an unsigned value.
-        if (firstByte < 128) {
-            return 8;
-        } else if (firstByte < 192) {
-            return 16;
-        } else if (firstByte < 224) {
-            return 24;
-        } else {
-            return 32;  // Will likely not end well for other reasons.
-        }
+        // Only here because it seems to be used by apps
+        return Inet4AddressUtils.getImplicitNetmask(address);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -368,6 +393,7 @@
      * @param addr a string representing an ip addr
      * @return a string propertly trimmed
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static String trimV4AddrZeros(String addr) {
         if (addr == null) return null;
         String[] octets = addr.split("\\.");
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/ProxyInfo.java b/core/java/android/net/ProxyInfo.java
index 5f5e623..ef2269a 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/ProxyInfo.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/ProxyInfo.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.net;
 
 
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
 import android.text.TextUtils;
@@ -38,12 +39,12 @@
  */
 public class ProxyInfo implements Parcelable {
 
-    private String mHost;
-    private int mPort;
-    private String mExclusionList;
-    private String[] mParsedExclusionList;
+    private final String mHost;
+    private final int mPort;
+    private final String mExclusionList;
+    private final String[] mParsedExclusionList;
+    private final Uri mPacFileUrl;
 
-    private Uri mPacFileUrl;
     /**
      *@hide
      */
@@ -91,10 +92,12 @@
      * Create a ProxyProperties that points at a HTTP Proxy.
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public ProxyInfo(String host, int port, String exclList) {
         mHost = host;
         mPort = port;
-        setExclusionList(exclList);
+        mExclusionList = exclList;
+        mParsedExclusionList = parseExclusionList(mExclusionList);
         mPacFileUrl = Uri.EMPTY;
     }
 
@@ -105,7 +108,8 @@
     public ProxyInfo(Uri pacFileUrl) {
         mHost = LOCAL_HOST;
         mPort = LOCAL_PORT;
-        setExclusionList(LOCAL_EXCL_LIST);
+        mExclusionList = LOCAL_EXCL_LIST;
+        mParsedExclusionList = parseExclusionList(mExclusionList);
         if (pacFileUrl == null) {
             throw new NullPointerException();
         }
@@ -119,7 +123,8 @@
     public ProxyInfo(String pacFileUrl) {
         mHost = LOCAL_HOST;
         mPort = LOCAL_PORT;
-        setExclusionList(LOCAL_EXCL_LIST);
+        mExclusionList = LOCAL_EXCL_LIST;
+        mParsedExclusionList = parseExclusionList(mExclusionList);
         mPacFileUrl = Uri.parse(pacFileUrl);
     }
 
@@ -130,13 +135,22 @@
     public ProxyInfo(Uri pacFileUrl, int localProxyPort) {
         mHost = LOCAL_HOST;
         mPort = localProxyPort;
-        setExclusionList(LOCAL_EXCL_LIST);
+        mExclusionList = LOCAL_EXCL_LIST;
+        mParsedExclusionList = parseExclusionList(mExclusionList);
         if (pacFileUrl == null) {
             throw new NullPointerException();
         }
         mPacFileUrl = pacFileUrl;
     }
 
+    private static String[] parseExclusionList(String exclusionList) {
+        if (exclusionList == null) {
+            return new String[0];
+        } else {
+            return exclusionList.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).split(",");
+        }
+    }
+
     private ProxyInfo(String host, int port, String exclList, String[] parsedExclList) {
         mHost = host;
         mPort = port;
@@ -157,6 +171,10 @@
             mExclusionList = source.getExclusionListAsString();
             mParsedExclusionList = source.mParsedExclusionList;
         } else {
+            mHost = null;
+            mPort = 0;
+            mExclusionList = null;
+            mParsedExclusionList = null;
             mPacFileUrl = Uri.EMPTY;
         }
     }
@@ -212,24 +230,14 @@
         return mExclusionList;
     }
 
-    // comma separated
-    private void setExclusionList(String exclusionList) {
-        mExclusionList = exclusionList;
-        if (mExclusionList == null) {
-            mParsedExclusionList = new String[0];
-        } else {
-            mParsedExclusionList = exclusionList.toLowerCase(Locale.ROOT).split(",");
-        }
-    }
-
     /**
      * @hide
      */
     public boolean isValid() {
         if (!Uri.EMPTY.equals(mPacFileUrl)) return true;
         return Proxy.PROXY_VALID == Proxy.validate(mHost == null ? "" : mHost,
-                                                mPort == 0 ? "" : Integer.toString(mPort),
-                                                mExclusionList == null ? "" : mExclusionList);
+                mPort == 0 ? "" : Integer.toString(mPort),
+                mExclusionList == null ? "" : mExclusionList);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -260,7 +268,7 @@
             sb.append("] ");
             sb.append(Integer.toString(mPort));
             if (mExclusionList != null) {
-                    sb.append(" xl=").append(mExclusionList);
+                sb.append(" xl=").append(mExclusionList);
             }
         } else {
             sb.append("[ProxyProperties.mHost == null]");
@@ -306,8 +314,8 @@
      */
     public int hashCode() {
         return ((null == mHost) ? 0 : mHost.hashCode())
-        + ((null == mExclusionList) ? 0 : mExclusionList.hashCode())
-        + mPort;
+                + ((null == mExclusionList) ? 0 : mExclusionList.hashCode())
+                + mPort;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -350,8 +358,7 @@
                 }
                 String exclList = in.readString();
                 String[] parsedExclList = in.readStringArray();
-                ProxyInfo proxyProperties =
-                        new ProxyInfo(host, port, exclList, parsedExclList);
+                ProxyInfo proxyProperties = new ProxyInfo(host, port, exclList, parsedExclList);
                 return proxyProperties;
             }
 
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/RouteInfo.java b/core/java/android/net/RouteInfo.java
index 90a2460..5c0f758 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/RouteInfo.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/RouteInfo.java
@@ -16,14 +16,17 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.annotation.TestApi;
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
 
-import java.net.UnknownHostException;
-import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.Inet6Address;
-
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Objects;
 
@@ -55,6 +58,7 @@
     /**
      * The gateway address for this route.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     private final InetAddress mGateway;
 
     /**
@@ -64,12 +68,18 @@
 
 
     /** Unicast route. @hide */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public static final int RTN_UNICAST = 1;
 
     /** Unreachable route. @hide */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public static final int RTN_UNREACHABLE = 7;
 
     /** Throw route. @hide */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public static final int RTN_THROW = 9;
 
     /**
@@ -79,6 +89,7 @@
 
     // Derived data members.
     // TODO: remove these.
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 115609023)
     private final boolean mIsHost;
     private final boolean mHasGateway;
 
@@ -99,6 +110,8 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
+    @SystemApi
+    @TestApi
     public RouteInfo(IpPrefix destination, InetAddress gateway, String iface, int type) {
         switch (type) {
             case RTN_UNICAST:
@@ -160,6 +173,7 @@
     /**
      *  @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public RouteInfo(IpPrefix destination, InetAddress gateway, String iface) {
         this(destination, gateway, iface, RTN_UNICAST);
     }
@@ -167,6 +181,7 @@
     /**
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public RouteInfo(LinkAddress destination, InetAddress gateway, String iface) {
         this(destination == null ? null :
                 new IpPrefix(destination.getAddress(), destination.getPrefixLength()),
@@ -197,6 +212,7 @@
      *
      * TODO: Remove this.
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public RouteInfo(LinkAddress destination, InetAddress gateway) {
         this(destination, gateway, null);
     }
@@ -208,6 +224,7 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public RouteInfo(InetAddress gateway) {
         this((IpPrefix) null, gateway, null);
     }
@@ -258,6 +275,7 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage(maxTargetSdk = Build.VERSION_CODES.P, trackingBug = 115609023)
     private boolean isHost() {
         return (mDestination.getAddress() instanceof Inet4Address &&
                 mDestination.getPrefixLength() == 32) ||
@@ -308,6 +326,8 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
+    @TestApi
+    @SystemApi
     public int getType() {
         return mType;
     }
@@ -353,7 +373,6 @@
      * ({@code false}).
      *
      * @return {@code true} if a gateway is specified
-     * @hide
      */
     public boolean hasGateway() {
         return mHasGateway;
@@ -379,6 +398,7 @@
      *
      * @hide
      */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public static RouteInfo selectBestRoute(Collection<RouteInfo> routes, InetAddress dest) {
         if ((routes == null) || (dest == null)) return null;
 
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/SocketKeepalive.java b/core/java/android/net/SocketKeepalive.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07728be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/net/SocketKeepalive.java
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import android.annotation.IntDef;
+import android.annotation.IntRange;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.HandlerThread;
+import android.os.Looper;
+import android.os.Message;
+import android.os.Messenger;
+import android.os.Process;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
+import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/**
+ * Allows applications to request that the system periodically send specific packets on their
+ * behalf, using hardware offload to save battery power.
+ *
+ * To request that the system send keepalives, call one of the methods that return a
+ * {@link SocketKeepalive} object, such as {@link ConnectivityManager#createSocketKeepalive},
+ * passing in a non-null callback. If the {@link SocketKeepalive} is successfully
+ * started, the callback's {@code onStarted} method will be called. If an error occurs,
+ * {@code onError} will be called, specifying one of the {@code ERROR_*} constants in this
+ * class.
+ *
+ * To stop an existing keepalive, call {@link SocketKeepalive#stop}. The system will call
+ * {@link SocketKeepalive.Callback#onStopped} if the operation was successful or
+ * {@link SocketKeepalive.Callback#onError} if an error occurred.
+ */
+public abstract class SocketKeepalive implements AutoCloseable {
+    static final String TAG = "SocketKeepalive";
+
+    /** @hide */
+    public static final int SUCCESS = 0;
+
+    /** @hide */
+    public static final int NO_KEEPALIVE = -1;
+
+    /** @hide */
+    public static final int DATA_RECEIVED = -2;
+
+    /** @hide */
+    public static final int BINDER_DIED = -10;
+
+    /** The specified {@code Network} is not connected. */
+    public static final int ERROR_INVALID_NETWORK = -20;
+    /** The specified IP addresses are invalid. For example, the specified source IP address is
+     * not configured on the specified {@code Network}. */
+    public static final int ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS = -21;
+    /** The requested port is invalid. */
+    public static final int ERROR_INVALID_PORT = -22;
+    /** The packet length is invalid (e.g., too long). */
+    public static final int ERROR_INVALID_LENGTH = -23;
+    /** The packet transmission interval is invalid (e.g., too short). */
+    public static final int ERROR_INVALID_INTERVAL = -24;
+    /** The target socket is invalid. */
+    public static final int ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET = -25;
+    /** The target socket is not idle. */
+    public static final int ERROR_SOCKET_NOT_IDLE = -26;
+
+    /** The hardware does not support this request. */
+    public static final int ERROR_HARDWARE_UNSUPPORTED = -30;
+    /** The hardware returned an error. */
+    public static final int ERROR_HARDWARE_ERROR = -31;
+
+    /** @hide */
+    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
+    @IntDef(prefix = { "ERROR_" }, value = {
+            ERROR_INVALID_NETWORK,
+            ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS,
+            ERROR_INVALID_PORT,
+            ERROR_INVALID_LENGTH,
+            ERROR_INVALID_INTERVAL,
+            ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET,
+            ERROR_SOCKET_NOT_IDLE
+    })
+    public @interface ErrorCode {}
+
+    /**
+     * The minimum interval in seconds between keepalive packet transmissions.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     **/
+    public static final int MIN_INTERVAL_SEC = 10;
+
+    /**
+     * The maximum interval in seconds between keepalive packet transmissions.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     **/
+    public static final int MAX_INTERVAL_SEC = 3600;
+
+    /**
+     * An exception that embarks an error code.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static class ErrorCodeException extends Exception {
+        public final int error;
+        public ErrorCodeException(final int error, final Throwable e) {
+            super(e);
+            this.error = error;
+        }
+        public ErrorCodeException(final int error) {
+            this.error = error;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This socket is invalid.
+     * See the error code for details, and the optional cause.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static class InvalidSocketException extends ErrorCodeException {
+        public InvalidSocketException(final int error, final Throwable e) {
+            super(error, e);
+        }
+        public InvalidSocketException(final int error) {
+            super(error);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * This packet is invalid.
+     * See the error code for details.
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public static class InvalidPacketException extends ErrorCodeException {
+        public InvalidPacketException(final int error) {
+            super(error);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @NonNull final IConnectivityManager mService;
+    @NonNull final Network mNetwork;
+    @NonNull private final Executor mExecutor;
+    @NonNull private final SocketKeepalive.Callback mCallback;
+    @NonNull private final Looper mLooper;
+    @NonNull final Messenger mMessenger;
+    @Nullable Integer mSlot;
+
+    SocketKeepalive(@NonNull IConnectivityManager service, @NonNull Network network,
+            @NonNull Executor executor, @NonNull Callback callback) {
+        mService = service;
+        mNetwork = network;
+        mExecutor = executor;
+        mCallback = callback;
+        // TODO: 1. Use other thread modeling instead of create one thread for every instance to
+        //          reduce the memory cost.
+        //       2. support restart.
+        //       3. Fix race condition which caused by rapidly start and stop.
+        HandlerThread thread = new HandlerThread(TAG, Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND
+                + Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_LESS_FAVORABLE);
+        thread.start();
+        mLooper = thread.getLooper();
+        mMessenger = new Messenger(new Handler(mLooper) {
+            @Override
+            public void handleMessage(Message message) {
+                switch (message.what) {
+                    case NetworkAgent.EVENT_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE:
+                        final int status = message.arg2;
+                        try {
+                            if (status == SUCCESS) {
+                                if (mSlot == null) {
+                                    mSlot = message.arg1;
+                                    mExecutor.execute(() -> mCallback.onStarted());
+                                } else {
+                                    mSlot = null;
+                                    stopLooper();
+                                    mExecutor.execute(() -> mCallback.onStopped());
+                                }
+                            } else if (status == DATA_RECEIVED) {
+                                stopLooper();
+                                mExecutor.execute(() -> mCallback.onDataReceived());
+                            } else {
+                                stopLooper();
+                                mExecutor.execute(() -> mCallback.onError(status));
+                            }
+                        } catch (Exception e) {
+                            Log.e(TAG, "Exception in keepalive callback(" + status + ")", e);
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        Log.e(TAG, "Unhandled message " + Integer.toHexString(message.what));
+                        break;
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Request that keepalive be started with the given {@code intervalSec}. See
+     * {@link SocketKeepalive}.
+     *
+     * @param intervalSec The target interval in seconds between keepalive packet transmissions.
+     *                    The interval should be between 10 seconds and 3600 seconds, otherwise
+     *                    {@link #ERROR_INVALID_INTERVAL} will be returned.
+     */
+    public final void start(@IntRange(from = MIN_INTERVAL_SEC, to = MAX_INTERVAL_SEC)
+            int intervalSec) {
+        startImpl(intervalSec);
+    }
+
+    abstract void startImpl(int intervalSec);
+
+    /** @hide */
+    protected void stopLooper() {
+        // TODO: remove this after changing thread modeling.
+        mLooper.quit();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Requests that keepalive be stopped. The application must wait for {@link Callback#onStopped}
+     * before using the object. See {@link SocketKeepalive}.
+     */
+    public final void stop() {
+        stopImpl();
+    }
+
+    abstract void stopImpl();
+
+    /**
+     * Deactivate this {@link SocketKeepalive} and free allocated resources. The instance won't be
+     * usable again if {@code close()} is called.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public final void close() {
+        stop();
+        stopLooper();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The callback which app can use to learn the status changes of {@link SocketKeepalive}. See
+     * {@link SocketKeepalive}.
+     */
+    public static class Callback {
+        /** The requested keepalive was successfully started. */
+        public void onStarted() {}
+        /** The keepalive was successfully stopped. */
+        public void onStopped() {}
+        /** An error occurred. */
+        public void onError(@ErrorCode int error) {}
+        /** The keepalive on a TCP socket was stopped because the socket received data. */
+        public void onDataReceived() {}
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/StaticIpConfiguration.java b/core/java/android/net/StaticIpConfiguration.java
index 58b1b88..99cf3a9 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/StaticIpConfiguration.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/StaticIpConfiguration.java
@@ -16,9 +16,12 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
-import android.net.LinkAddress;
-import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.annotation.TestApi;
+import android.annotation.UnsupportedAppUsage;
+import android.net.shared.InetAddressUtils;
 import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
 
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
@@ -45,10 +48,20 @@
  *
  * @hide
  */
-public class StaticIpConfiguration implements Parcelable {
+@SystemApi
+@TestApi
+public final class StaticIpConfiguration implements Parcelable {
+    /** @hide */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public LinkAddress ipAddress;
+    /** @hide */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public InetAddress gateway;
+    /** @hide */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public final ArrayList<InetAddress> dnsServers;
+    /** @hide */
+    @UnsupportedAppUsage
     public String domains;
 
     public StaticIpConfiguration() {
@@ -73,6 +86,41 @@
         domains = null;
     }
 
+    public LinkAddress getIpAddress() {
+        return ipAddress;
+    }
+
+    public void setIpAddress(LinkAddress ipAddress) {
+        this.ipAddress = ipAddress;
+    }
+
+    public InetAddress getGateway() {
+        return gateway;
+    }
+
+    public void setGateway(InetAddress gateway) {
+        this.gateway = gateway;
+    }
+
+    public List<InetAddress> getDnsServers() {
+        return dnsServers;
+    }
+
+    public String getDomains() {
+        return domains;
+    }
+
+    public void setDomains(String newDomains) {
+        domains = newDomains;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add a DNS server to this configuration.
+     */
+    public void addDnsServer(InetAddress server) {
+        dnsServers.add(server);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns the network routes specified by this object. Will typically include a
      * directly-connected route for the IP address's local subnet and a default route. If the
@@ -100,6 +148,7 @@
      * contained in the LinkProperties will not be a complete picture of the link's configuration,
      * because any configuration information that is obtained dynamically by the network (e.g.,
      * IPv6 configuration) will not be included.
+     * @hide
      */
     public LinkProperties toLinkProperties(String iface) {
         LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
@@ -117,6 +166,7 @@
         return lp;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public String toString() {
         StringBuffer str = new StringBuffer();
 
@@ -136,6 +186,7 @@
         return str.toString();
     }
 
+    @Override
     public int hashCode() {
         int result = 13;
         result = 47 * result + (ipAddress == null ? 0 : ipAddress.hashCode());
@@ -161,12 +212,10 @@
     }
 
     /** Implement the Parcelable interface */
-    public static Creator<StaticIpConfiguration> CREATOR =
+    public static final Creator<StaticIpConfiguration> CREATOR =
         new Creator<StaticIpConfiguration>() {
             public StaticIpConfiguration createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
-                StaticIpConfiguration s = new StaticIpConfiguration();
-                readFromParcel(s, in);
-                return s;
+                return readFromParcel(in);
             }
 
             public StaticIpConfiguration[] newArray(int size) {
@@ -175,29 +224,34 @@
         };
 
     /** Implement the Parcelable interface */
+    @Override
     public int describeContents() {
         return 0;
     }
 
     /** Implement the Parcelable interface */
+    @Override
     public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
         dest.writeParcelable(ipAddress, flags);
-        NetworkUtils.parcelInetAddress(dest, gateway, flags);
+        InetAddressUtils.parcelInetAddress(dest, gateway, flags);
         dest.writeInt(dnsServers.size());
         for (InetAddress dnsServer : dnsServers) {
-            NetworkUtils.parcelInetAddress(dest, dnsServer, flags);
+            InetAddressUtils.parcelInetAddress(dest, dnsServer, flags);
         }
         dest.writeString(domains);
     }
 
-    protected static void readFromParcel(StaticIpConfiguration s, Parcel in) {
+    /** @hide */
+    public static StaticIpConfiguration readFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+        final StaticIpConfiguration s = new StaticIpConfiguration();
         s.ipAddress = in.readParcelable(null);
-        s.gateway = NetworkUtils.unparcelInetAddress(in);
+        s.gateway = InetAddressUtils.unparcelInetAddress(in);
         s.dnsServers.clear();
         int size = in.readInt();
         for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
-            s.dnsServers.add(NetworkUtils.unparcelInetAddress(in));
+            s.dnsServers.add(InetAddressUtils.unparcelInetAddress(in));
         }
         s.domains = in.readString();
+        return s;
     }
 }
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/TcpKeepalivePacketData.java b/core/java/android/net/TcpKeepalivePacketData.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f07dfb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/net/TcpKeepalivePacketData.java
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.net;
+
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.net.SocketKeepalive.InvalidPacketException;
+import android.net.util.IpUtils;
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.system.OsConstants;
+
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ByteOrder;
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * Represents the actual tcp keep alive packets which will be used for hardware offload.
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class TcpKeepalivePacketData extends KeepalivePacketData implements Parcelable {
+    private static final String TAG = "TcpKeepalivePacketData";
+
+     /** TCP sequence number. */
+    public final int tcpSeq;
+
+    /** TCP ACK number. */
+    public final int tcpAck;
+
+    /** TCP RCV window. */
+    public final int tcpWnd;
+
+    /** TCP RCV window scale. */
+    public final int tcpWndScale;
+
+    private static final int IPV4_HEADER_LENGTH = 20;
+    private static final int IPV6_HEADER_LENGTH = 40;
+    private static final int TCP_HEADER_LENGTH = 20;
+
+    // This should only be constructed via static factory methods, such as
+    // tcpKeepalivePacket.
+    private TcpKeepalivePacketData(TcpSocketInfo tcpDetails, byte[] data)
+            throws InvalidPacketException {
+        super(tcpDetails.srcAddress, tcpDetails.srcPort, tcpDetails.dstAddress,
+                tcpDetails.dstPort, data);
+        tcpSeq = tcpDetails.seq;
+        tcpAck = tcpDetails.ack;
+        // In the packet, the window is shifted right by the window scale.
+        tcpWnd = tcpDetails.rcvWnd;
+        tcpWndScale = tcpDetails.rcvWndScale;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Factory method to create tcp keepalive packet structure.
+     */
+    public static TcpKeepalivePacketData tcpKeepalivePacket(
+            TcpSocketInfo tcpDetails) throws InvalidPacketException {
+        final byte[] packet;
+        if ((tcpDetails.srcAddress instanceof Inet4Address)
+                && (tcpDetails.dstAddress instanceof Inet4Address)) {
+            packet = buildV4Packet(tcpDetails);
+        } else {
+            // TODO: support ipv6
+            throw new InvalidPacketException(ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS);
+        }
+
+        return new TcpKeepalivePacketData(tcpDetails, packet);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Build ipv4 tcp keepalive packet, not including the link-layer header.
+     */
+    // TODO : if this code is ever moved to the network stack, factorize constants with the ones
+    // over there.
+    private static byte[] buildV4Packet(TcpSocketInfo tcpDetails) {
+        final int length = IPV4_HEADER_LENGTH + TCP_HEADER_LENGTH;
+        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.allocate(length);
+        buf.order(ByteOrder.BIG_ENDIAN);
+        // IP version and TOS. TODO : fetch this from getsockopt(SOL_IP, IP_TOS)
+        buf.putShort((short) 0x4500);
+        buf.putShort((short) length);
+        buf.putInt(0x4000);                         // ID, flags=DF, offset
+        // TODO : fetch TTL from getsockopt(SOL_IP, IP_TTL)
+        buf.put((byte) 64);
+        buf.put((byte) OsConstants.IPPROTO_TCP);
+        final int ipChecksumOffset = buf.position();
+        buf.putShort((short) 0);                    // IP checksum
+        buf.put(tcpDetails.srcAddress.getAddress());
+        buf.put(tcpDetails.dstAddress.getAddress());
+        buf.putShort((short) tcpDetails.srcPort);
+        buf.putShort((short) tcpDetails.dstPort);
+        buf.putInt(tcpDetails.seq);                 // Sequence Number
+        buf.putInt(tcpDetails.ack);                 // ACK
+        buf.putShort((short) 0x5010);               // TCP length=5, flags=ACK
+        buf.putShort((short) (tcpDetails.rcvWnd >> tcpDetails.rcvWndScale));   // Window size
+        final int tcpChecksumOffset = buf.position();
+        buf.putShort((short) 0);                    // TCP checksum
+        // URG is not set therefore the urgent pointer is not included
+        buf.putShort(ipChecksumOffset, IpUtils.ipChecksum(buf, 0));
+        buf.putShort(tcpChecksumOffset, IpUtils.tcpChecksum(
+                buf, 0, IPV4_HEADER_LENGTH, TCP_HEADER_LENGTH));
+
+        return buf.array();
+    }
+
+    // TODO: add buildV6Packet.
+
+    /** Represents tcp/ip information. */
+    // TODO: Replace TcpSocketInfo with TcpKeepalivePacketDataParcelable.
+    public static class TcpSocketInfo {
+        public final InetAddress srcAddress;
+        public final InetAddress dstAddress;
+        public final int srcPort;
+        public final int dstPort;
+        public final int seq;
+        public final int ack;
+        public final int rcvWnd;
+        public final int rcvWndScale;
+
+        public TcpSocketInfo(InetAddress sAddr, int sPort, InetAddress dAddr,
+                int dPort, int writeSeq, int readSeq, int rWnd, int rWndScale) {
+            srcAddress = sAddr;
+            dstAddress = dAddr;
+            srcPort = sPort;
+            dstPort = dPort;
+            seq = writeSeq;
+            ack = readSeq;
+            rcvWnd = rWnd;
+            rcvWndScale = rWndScale;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(@Nullable final Object o) {
+        if (!(o instanceof TcpKeepalivePacketData)) return false;
+        final TcpKeepalivePacketData other = (TcpKeepalivePacketData) o;
+        return this.srcAddress.equals(other.srcAddress)
+                && this.dstAddress.equals(other.dstAddress)
+                && this.srcPort == other.srcPort
+                && this.dstPort == other.dstPort
+                && this.tcpAck == other.tcpAck
+                && this.tcpSeq == other.tcpSeq
+                && this.tcpWnd == other.tcpWnd
+                && this.tcpWndScale == other.tcpWndScale;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int hashCode() {
+        return Objects.hash(srcAddress, dstAddress, srcPort, dstPort, tcpAck, tcpSeq, tcpWnd,
+                tcpWndScale);
+    }
+
+    /* Parcelable Implementation. */
+    /* Note that this object implements parcelable (and needs to keep doing this as it inherits
+     * from a class that does), but should usually be parceled as a stable parcelable using
+     * the toStableParcelable() and fromStableParcelable() methods.
+     */
+    public int describeContents() {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /** Write to parcel. */
+    public void writeToParcel(Parcel out, int flags) {
+        super.writeToParcel(out, flags);
+        out.writeInt(tcpSeq);
+        out.writeInt(tcpAck);
+        out.writeInt(tcpWnd);
+        out.writeInt(tcpWndScale);
+    }
+
+    private TcpKeepalivePacketData(Parcel in) {
+        super(in);
+        tcpSeq = in.readInt();
+        tcpAck = in.readInt();
+        tcpWnd = in.readInt();
+        tcpWndScale = in.readInt();
+    }
+
+    /** Parcelable Creator. */
+    public static final Parcelable.Creator<TcpKeepalivePacketData> CREATOR =
+            new Parcelable.Creator<TcpKeepalivePacketData>() {
+                public TcpKeepalivePacketData createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
+                    return new TcpKeepalivePacketData(in);
+                }
+
+                public TcpKeepalivePacketData[] newArray(int size) {
+                    return new TcpKeepalivePacketData[size];
+                }
+            };
+
+    /**
+     * Convert this TcpKeepalivePacketData to a TcpKeepalivePacketDataParcelable.
+     */
+    @NonNull
+    public TcpKeepalivePacketDataParcelable toStableParcelable() {
+        final TcpKeepalivePacketDataParcelable parcel = new TcpKeepalivePacketDataParcelable();
+        parcel.srcAddress = srcAddress.getAddress();
+        parcel.srcPort = srcPort;
+        parcel.dstAddress = dstAddress.getAddress();
+        parcel.dstPort = dstPort;
+        parcel.seq = tcpSeq;
+        parcel.ack = tcpAck;
+        return parcel;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return "saddr: " + srcAddress
+                + " daddr: " + dstAddress
+                + " sport: " + srcPort
+                + " dport: " + dstPort
+                + " seq: " + tcpSeq
+                + " ack: " + tcpAck
+                + " wnd: " + tcpWnd
+                + " wndScale: " + tcpWndScale;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/TcpRepairWindow.java b/core/java/android/net/TcpRepairWindow.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..86034f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/net/TcpRepairWindow.java
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+/**
+ * Corresponds to C's {@code struct tcp_repair_window} from
+ * include/uapi/linux/tcp.h
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public final class TcpRepairWindow {
+    public final int sndWl1;
+    public final int sndWnd;
+    public final int maxWindow;
+    public final int rcvWnd;
+    public final int rcvWup;
+    public final int rcvWndScale;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs an instance with the given field values.
+     */
+    public TcpRepairWindow(final int sndWl1, final int sndWnd, final int maxWindow,
+            final int rcvWnd, final int rcvWup, final int rcvWndScale) {
+        this.sndWl1 = sndWl1;
+        this.sndWnd = sndWnd;
+        this.maxWindow = maxWindow;
+        this.rcvWnd = rcvWnd;
+        this.rcvWup = rcvWup;
+        this.rcvWndScale = rcvWndScale;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/TcpSocketKeepalive.java b/core/java/android/net/TcpSocketKeepalive.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f6ee7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/net/TcpSocketKeepalive.java
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.os.Binder;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.net.Socket;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+
+/** @hide */
+final class TcpSocketKeepalive extends SocketKeepalive {
+
+    private final Socket mSocket;
+
+    TcpSocketKeepalive(@NonNull IConnectivityManager service,
+            @NonNull Network network,
+            @NonNull Socket socket,
+            @NonNull Executor executor,
+            @NonNull Callback callback) {
+        super(service, network, executor, callback);
+        mSocket = socket;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Starts keepalives. {@code mSocket} must be a connected TCP socket.
+     *
+     * - The application must not write to or read from the socket after calling this method, until
+     *   onDataReceived, onStopped, or onError are called. If it does, the keepalive will fail
+     *   with {@link #ERROR_SOCKET_NOT_IDLE}, or {@code #ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET} if the socket
+     *   experienced an error (as in poll(2) returned POLLERR); if this happens, the data received
+     *   from the socket may be invalid, and the socket can't be recovered.
+     * - If the socket has data in the send or receive buffer, then this call will fail with
+     *   {@link #ERROR_SOCKET_NOT_IDLE} and can be retried after the data has been processed.
+     *   An app could ensure this by using an application-layer protocol where it can receive
+     *   acknowledgement that it will go into keepalive mode. It could then go into keepalive
+     *   mode after having read the acknowledgement, draining the socket.
+     */
+    @Override
+    void startImpl(int intervalSec) {
+        try {
+            final FileDescriptor fd = mSocket.getFileDescriptor$();
+            mService.startTcpKeepalive(mNetwork, fd, intervalSec, mMessenger, new Binder());
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Error starting packet keepalive: ", e);
+            stopLooper();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    void stopImpl() {
+        try {
+            if (mSlot != null) {
+                mService.stopKeepalive(mNetwork, mSlot);
+            }
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Error stopping packet keepalive: ", e);
+            stopLooper();
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/TransportInfo.java b/core/java/android/net/TransportInfo.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b78d3fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/java/android/net/TransportInfo.java
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+/**
+ * A container for transport-specific capabilities which is returned by
+ * {@link NetworkCapabilities#getTransportInfo()}. Specific networks
+ * may provide concrete implementations of this interface.
+ */
+public interface TransportInfo {
+}
diff --git a/core/java/android/net/UidRange.java b/core/java/android/net/UidRange.java
index 3164929..793c82d 100644
--- a/core/java/android/net/UidRange.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/UidRange.java
@@ -19,17 +19,14 @@
 import static android.os.UserHandle.PER_USER_RANGE;
 
 import android.os.Parcel;
-import android.os.Parcelable;
 
 /**
  * An inclusive range of UIDs.
  *
  * @hide
  */
-public final class UidRange implements Parcelable {
-    public final int start;
-    public final int stop;
-
+public final class UidRange extends UidRangeParcel {
+    private UidRange() {}
     public UidRange(int startUid, int stopUid) {
         if (startUid < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid start UID.");
         if (stopUid < 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid stop UID.");
@@ -89,26 +86,18 @@
         return start + "-" + stop;
     }
 
-    // implement the Parcelable interface
-    @Override
-    public int describeContents() {
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
-        dest.writeInt(start);
-        dest.writeInt(stop);
-    }
+    /**
+     * DO NOT override "writeToParcel" and "readFromParcel" in this class.
+     * The parceling code is autogenerated by the superclass.
+     */
 
     public static final Creator<UidRange> CREATOR =
         new Creator<UidRange>() {
             @Override
             public UidRange createFromParcel(Parcel in) {
-                int start = in.readInt();
-                int stop = in.readInt();
-
-                return new UidRange(start, stop);
+                UidRange obj = new UidRange();
+                obj.readFromParcel(in);
+                return obj;
             }
             @Override
             public UidRange[] newArray(int size) {
diff --git a/services/net/java/android/net/apf/ApfCapabilities.java b/core/java/android/net/apf/ApfCapabilities.java
similarity index 60%
rename from services/net/java/android/net/apf/ApfCapabilities.java
rename to core/java/android/net/apf/ApfCapabilities.java
index dec8ca2..e09fa8f 100644
--- a/services/net/java/android/net/apf/ApfCapabilities.java
+++ b/core/java/android/net/apf/ApfCapabilities.java
@@ -16,11 +16,19 @@
 
 package android.net.apf;
 
+import android.annotation.SystemApi;
+import android.annotation.TestApi;
+import android.content.Context;
+
+import com.android.internal.R;
+
 /**
  * APF program support capabilities.
  *
  * @hide
  */
+@SystemApi
+@TestApi
 public class ApfCapabilities {
     /**
      * Version of APF instruction set supported for packet filtering. 0 indicates no support for
@@ -38,18 +46,28 @@
      */
     public final int apfPacketFormat;
 
-    public ApfCapabilities(int apfVersionSupported, int maximumApfProgramSize, int apfPacketFormat)
-    {
+    public ApfCapabilities(
+            int apfVersionSupported, int maximumApfProgramSize, int apfPacketFormat) {
         this.apfVersionSupported = apfVersionSupported;
         this.maximumApfProgramSize = maximumApfProgramSize;
         this.apfPacketFormat = apfPacketFormat;
     }
 
+    @Override
     public String toString() {
         return String.format("%s{version: %d, maxSize: %d, format: %d}", getClass().getSimpleName(),
                 apfVersionSupported, maximumApfProgramSize, apfPacketFormat);
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
+        if (!(obj instanceof  ApfCapabilities)) return false;
+        final ApfCapabilities other = (ApfCapabilities) obj;
+        return apfVersionSupported == other.apfVersionSupported
+                && maximumApfProgramSize == other.maximumApfProgramSize
+                && apfPacketFormat == other.apfPacketFormat;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns true if the APF interpreter advertises support for the data buffer access opcodes
      * LDDW and STDW.
@@ -59,4 +77,18 @@
     public boolean hasDataAccess() {
         return apfVersionSupported >= 4;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return Whether the APF Filter in the device should filter out IEEE 802.3 Frames.
+     */
+    public static boolean getApfDrop8023Frames(Context context) {
+        return context.getResources().getBoolean(R.bool.config_apfDrop802_3Frames);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return An array of blacklisted EtherType, packets with EtherTypes within it will be dropped.
+     */
+    public static int[] getApfEthTypeBlackList(Context context) {
+        return context.getResources().getIntArray(R.array.config_apfEthTypeBlackList);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/services/net/java/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java b/core/java/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java
similarity index 100%
rename from services/net/java/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java
rename to core/java/android/net/util/MultinetworkPolicyTracker.java
diff --git a/core/jni/android_net_NetUtils.cpp b/core/jni/android_net_NetUtils.cpp
index 823f1cc..cfb2dd1 100644
--- a/core/jni/android_net_NetUtils.cpp
+++ b/core/jni/android_net_NetUtils.cpp
@@ -16,8 +16,11 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "NetUtils"
 
+#include <vector>
+
 #include "jni.h"
 #include <nativehelper/JNIHelp.h>
+#include <nativehelper/ScopedLocalRef.h>
 #include "NetdClient.h"
 #include <utils/misc.h>
 #include <android_runtime/AndroidRuntime.h>
@@ -26,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <net/if.h>
 #include <linux/filter.h>
 #include <linux/if_arp.h>
+#include <linux/tcp.h>
 #include <netinet/ether.h>
 #include <netinet/icmp6.h>
 #include <netinet/ip.h>
@@ -55,6 +59,31 @@
 static const uint32_t kUDPDstPortIndirectOffset = kEtherHeaderLen + offsetof(udphdr, dest);
 static const uint16_t kDhcpClientPort = 68;
 
+constexpr int MAXPACKETSIZE = 8 * 1024;
+// FrameworkListener limits the size of commands to 1024 bytes. TODO: fix this.
+constexpr int MAXCMDSIZE = 1024;
+
+static void throwErrnoException(JNIEnv* env, const char* functionName, int error) {
+    ScopedLocalRef<jstring> detailMessage(env, env->NewStringUTF(functionName));
+    if (detailMessage.get() == NULL) {
+        // Not really much we can do here. We're probably dead in the water,
+        // but let's try to stumble on...
+        env->ExceptionClear();
+    }
+    static jclass errnoExceptionClass =
+            MakeGlobalRefOrDie(env, FindClassOrDie(env, "android/system/ErrnoException"));
+
+    static jmethodID errnoExceptionCtor =
+            GetMethodIDOrDie(env, errnoExceptionClass,
+            "<init>", "(Ljava/lang/String;I)V");
+
+    jobject exception = env->NewObject(errnoExceptionClass,
+                                       errnoExceptionCtor,
+                                       detailMessage.get(),
+                                       error);
+    env->Throw(reinterpret_cast<jthrowable>(exception));
+}
+
 static void android_net_utils_attachDhcpFilter(JNIEnv *env, jobject clazz, jobject javaFd)
 {
     struct sock_filter filter_code[] = {
@@ -198,6 +227,34 @@
     }
 }
 
+static void android_net_utils_attachDropAllBPFFilter(JNIEnv *env, jobject clazz, jobject javaFd)
+{
+    struct sock_filter filter_code[] = {
+        // Reject all.
+        BPF_STMT(BPF_RET | BPF_K, 0)
+    };
+    struct sock_fprog filter = {
+        sizeof(filter_code) / sizeof(filter_code[0]),
+        filter_code,
+    };
+
+    int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
+    if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_FILTER, &filter, sizeof(filter)) != 0) {
+        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/net/SocketException",
+                "setsockopt(SO_ATTACH_FILTER): %s", strerror(errno));
+    }
+}
+
+static void android_net_utils_detachBPFFilter(JNIEnv *env, jobject clazz, jobject javaFd)
+{
+    int dummy = 0;
+    int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
+    if (setsockopt(fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DETACH_FILTER, &dummy, sizeof(dummy)) != 0) {
+        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/net/SocketException",
+                "setsockopt(SO_DETACH_FILTER): %s", strerror(errno));
+    }
+
+}
 static void android_net_utils_setupRaSocket(JNIEnv *env, jobject clazz, jobject javaFd,
         jint ifIndex)
 {
@@ -323,6 +380,147 @@
     return (jboolean) !queryUserAccess(uid, netId);
 }
 
+static bool checkLenAndCopy(JNIEnv* env, const jbyteArray& addr, int len, void* dst)
+{
+    if (env->GetArrayLength(addr) != len) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    env->GetByteArrayRegion(addr, 0, len, reinterpret_cast<jbyte*>(dst));
+    return true;
+}
+
+static void android_net_utils_addArpEntry(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jbyteArray ethAddr,
+        jbyteArray ipv4Addr, jstring ifname, jobject javaFd)
+{
+    struct arpreq req = {};
+    struct sockaddr_in& netAddrStruct = *reinterpret_cast<sockaddr_in*>(&req.arp_pa);
+    struct sockaddr& ethAddrStruct = req.arp_ha;
+
+    ethAddrStruct.sa_family = ARPHRD_ETHER;
+    if (!checkLenAndCopy(env, ethAddr, ETH_ALEN, ethAddrStruct.sa_data)) {
+        jniThrowException(env, "java/io/IOException", "Invalid ethAddr length");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    netAddrStruct.sin_family = AF_INET;
+    if (!checkLenAndCopy(env, ipv4Addr, sizeof(in_addr), &netAddrStruct.sin_addr)) {
+        jniThrowException(env, "java/io/IOException", "Invalid ipv4Addr length");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    int ifLen = env->GetStringLength(ifname);
+    // IFNAMSIZ includes the terminating NULL character
+    if (ifLen >= IFNAMSIZ) {
+        jniThrowException(env, "java/io/IOException", "ifname too long");
+        return;
+    }
+    env->GetStringUTFRegion(ifname, 0, ifLen, req.arp_dev);
+
+    req.arp_flags = ATF_COM;  // Completed entry (ha valid)
+    int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/io/IOException", "Invalid file descriptor");
+        return;
+    }
+    // See also: man 7 arp
+    if (ioctl(fd, SIOCSARP, &req)) {
+        jniThrowExceptionFmt(env, "java/io/IOException", "ioctl error: %s", strerror(errno));
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+static jobject android_net_utils_resNetworkQuery(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jint netId,
+        jstring dname, jint ns_class, jint ns_type, jint flags) {
+    const jsize javaCharsCount = env->GetStringLength(dname);
+    const jsize byteCountUTF8 = env->GetStringUTFLength(dname);
+
+    // Only allow dname which could be simply formatted to UTF8.
+    // In native layer, res_mkquery would re-format the input char array to packet.
+    std::vector<char> queryname(byteCountUTF8 + 1, 0);
+
+    env->GetStringUTFRegion(dname, 0, javaCharsCount, queryname.data());
+    int fd = resNetworkQuery(netId, queryname.data(), ns_class, ns_type, flags);
+
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        throwErrnoException(env, "resNetworkQuery", -fd);
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    return jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd);
+}
+
+static jobject android_net_utils_resNetworkSend(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jint netId,
+        jbyteArray msg, jint msgLen, jint flags) {
+    uint8_t data[MAXCMDSIZE];
+
+    checkLenAndCopy(env, msg, msgLen, data);
+    int fd = resNetworkSend(netId, data, msgLen, flags);
+
+    if (fd < 0) {
+        throwErrnoException(env, "resNetworkSend", -fd);
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    return jniCreateFileDescriptor(env, fd);
+}
+
+static jbyteArray android_net_utils_resNetworkResult(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject javaFd) {
+    int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
+    int rcode;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buf(MAXPACKETSIZE, 0);
+
+    int res = resNetworkResult(fd, &rcode, buf.data(), MAXPACKETSIZE);
+    if (res < 0) {
+        throwErrnoException(env, "resNetworkResult", -res);
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    jbyteArray answer = env->NewByteArray(res);
+    if (answer == nullptr) {
+        throwErrnoException(env, "resNetworkResult", ENOMEM);
+        return nullptr;
+    } else {
+        env->SetByteArrayRegion(answer, 0, res,
+                reinterpret_cast<jbyte*>(buf.data()));
+    }
+
+    return answer;
+}
+
+static jobject android_net_utils_getTcpRepairWindow(JNIEnv *env, jobject thiz, jobject javaFd) {
+    if (javaFd == NULL) {
+        jniThrowNullPointerException(env, NULL);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    int fd = jniGetFDFromFileDescriptor(env, javaFd);
+    struct tcp_repair_window trw = {};
+    socklen_t size = sizeof(trw);
+
+    // Obtain the parameters of the TCP repair window.
+    int rc = getsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_REPAIR_WINDOW, &trw, &size);
+    if (rc == -1) {
+      throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt : TCP_REPAIR_WINDOW", errno);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    struct tcp_info tcpinfo = {};
+    socklen_t tcpinfo_size = sizeof(tcp_info);
+
+    // Obtain the window scale from the tcp info structure. This contains a scale factor that
+    // should be applied to the window size.
+    rc = getsockopt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_INFO, &tcpinfo, &tcpinfo_size);
+    if (rc == -1) {
+      throwErrnoException(env, "getsockopt : TCP_INFO", errno);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    jclass class_TcpRepairWindow = env->FindClass("android/net/TcpRepairWindow");
+    jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(class_TcpRepairWindow, "<init>", "(IIIIII)V");
+
+    return env->NewObject(class_TcpRepairWindow, ctor, trw.snd_wl1, trw.snd_wnd, trw.max_window,
+            trw.rcv_wnd, trw.rcv_wup, tcpinfo.tcpi_rcv_wscale);
+}
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
@@ -337,10 +535,17 @@
     { "bindSocketToNetwork", "(II)I", (void*) android_net_utils_bindSocketToNetwork },
     { "protectFromVpn", "(I)Z", (void*)android_net_utils_protectFromVpn },
     { "queryUserAccess", "(II)Z", (void*)android_net_utils_queryUserAccess },
+    { "addArpEntry", "([B[BLjava/lang/String;Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V", (void*) android_net_utils_addArpEntry },
     { "attachDhcpFilter", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V", (void*) android_net_utils_attachDhcpFilter },
     { "attachRaFilter", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V", (void*) android_net_utils_attachRaFilter },
     { "attachControlPacketFilter", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V", (void*) android_net_utils_attachControlPacketFilter },
+    { "attachDropAllBPFFilter", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V", (void*) android_net_utils_attachDropAllBPFFilter },
+    { "detachBPFFilter", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)V", (void*) android_net_utils_detachBPFFilter },
+    { "getTcpRepairWindow", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)Landroid/net/TcpRepairWindow;", (void*) android_net_utils_getTcpRepairWindow },
     { "setupRaSocket", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;I)V", (void*) android_net_utils_setupRaSocket },
+    { "resNetworkSend", "(I[BII)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;", (void*) android_net_utils_resNetworkSend },
+    { "resNetworkQuery", "(ILjava/lang/String;III)Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;", (void*) android_net_utils_resNetworkQuery },
+    { "resNetworkResult", "(Ljava/io/FileDescriptor;)[B", (void*) android_net_utils_resNetworkResult },
 };
 
 int register_android_net_NetworkUtils(JNIEnv* env)
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index 6ef1c14..af2bbfb 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_VPN;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.getNetworkTypeName;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.isNetworkTypeValid;
+import static android.net.INetworkMonitor.NETWORK_TEST_RESULT_VALID;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET;
@@ -35,6 +36,13 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VPN;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_VPN;
+import static android.net.NetworkPolicyManager.RULE_NONE;
+import static android.net.NetworkPolicyManager.uidRulesToString;
+import static android.net.shared.NetworkMonitorUtils.isValidationRequired;
+import static android.net.shared.NetworkParcelableUtil.toStableParcelable;
+import static android.os.Process.INVALID_UID;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_TCP;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP;
 
 import static com.android.internal.util.Preconditions.checkNotNull;
 
@@ -49,18 +57,22 @@
 import android.content.IntentFilter;
 import android.content.res.Configuration;
 import android.database.ContentObserver;
+import android.net.ConnectionInfo;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
-import android.net.ConnectivityManager.PacketKeepalive;
 import android.net.IConnectivityManager;
 import android.net.IIpConnectivityMetrics;
+import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.INetdEventCallback;
 import android.net.INetworkManagementEventObserver;
+import android.net.INetworkMonitor;
+import android.net.INetworkMonitorCallbacks;
 import android.net.INetworkPolicyListener;
 import android.net.INetworkPolicyManager;
 import android.net.INetworkStatsService;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.LinkProperties.CompareResult;
 import android.net.MatchAllNetworkSpecifier;
+import android.net.NattSocketKeepalive;
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkAgent;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
@@ -72,22 +84,27 @@
 import android.net.NetworkQuotaInfo;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 import android.net.NetworkSpecifier;
+import android.net.NetworkStack;
 import android.net.NetworkState;
 import android.net.NetworkUtils;
 import android.net.NetworkWatchlistManager;
-import android.net.Proxy;
+import android.net.PrivateDnsConfigParcel;
 import android.net.ProxyInfo;
 import android.net.RouteInfo;
+import android.net.SocketKeepalive;
 import android.net.UidRange;
 import android.net.Uri;
 import android.net.VpnService;
 import android.net.metrics.IpConnectivityLog;
 import android.net.metrics.NetworkEvent;
+import android.net.netlink.InetDiagMessage;
+import android.net.shared.NetworkMonitorUtils;
+import android.net.shared.PrivateDnsConfig;
 import android.net.util.MultinetworkPolicyTracker;
+import android.net.util.NetdService;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Bundle;
-import android.os.FileUtils;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.HandlerThread;
 import android.os.IBinder;
@@ -115,8 +132,8 @@
 import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
 import android.util.LocalLog;
-import android.util.LocalLog.ReadOnlyLocalLog;
 import android.util.Log;
+import android.util.Pair;
 import android.util.Slog;
 import android.util.SparseArray;
 import android.util.SparseBooleanArray;
@@ -127,8 +144,8 @@
 import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.app.IBatteryStats;
+import com.android.internal.logging.MetricsLogger;
 import com.android.internal.net.LegacyVpnInfo;
-import com.android.internal.net.NetworkStatsFactory;
 import com.android.internal.net.VpnConfig;
 import com.android.internal.net.VpnInfo;
 import com.android.internal.net.VpnProfile;
@@ -142,7 +159,6 @@
 import com.android.server.am.BatteryStatsService;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.DataConnectionStats;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.DnsManager;
-import com.android.server.connectivity.DnsManager.PrivateDnsConfig;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.DnsManager.PrivateDnsValidationUpdate;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.IpConnectivityMetrics;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.KeepaliveTracker;
@@ -151,11 +167,10 @@
 import com.android.server.connectivity.MultipathPolicyTracker;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkAgentInfo;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkDiagnostics;
-import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkMonitor;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkNotificationManager;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkNotificationManager.NotificationType;
-import com.android.server.connectivity.PacManager;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.PermissionMonitor;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.ProxyTracker;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.Tethering;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.Vpn;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.tethering.TetheringDependencies;
@@ -179,10 +194,11 @@
 import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.net.UnknownHostException;
-import java.util.ArrayDeque;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Comparator;
+import java.util.ConcurrentModificationException;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -199,14 +215,16 @@
         implements PendingIntent.OnFinished {
     private static final String TAG = ConnectivityService.class.getSimpleName();
 
-    public static final String DIAG_ARG = "--diag";
+    private static final String DIAG_ARG = "--diag";
     public static final String SHORT_ARG = "--short";
-    public static final String TETHERING_ARG = "tethering";
+    private static final String TETHERING_ARG = "tethering";
+    private static final String NETWORK_ARG = "networks";
+    private static final String REQUEST_ARG = "requests";
 
     private static final boolean DBG = true;
-    private static final boolean VDBG = false;
+    private static final boolean DDBG = Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.DEBUG);
+    private static final boolean VDBG = Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.VERBOSE);
 
-    private static final boolean LOGD_RULES = false;
     private static final boolean LOGD_BLOCKED_NETWORKINFO = true;
 
     // TODO: create better separation between radio types and network types
@@ -221,6 +239,9 @@
     // connect anyway?" dialog after the user selects a network that doesn't validate.
     private static final int PROMPT_UNVALIDATED_DELAY_MS = 8 * 1000;
 
+    // How long to dismiss network notification.
+    private static final int TIMEOUT_NOTIFICATION_DELAY_MS = 20 * 1000;
+
     // Default to 30s linger time-out. Modifiable only for testing.
     private static final String LINGER_DELAY_PROPERTY = "persist.netmon.linger";
     private static final int DEFAULT_LINGER_DELAY_MS = 30_000;
@@ -241,7 +262,7 @@
 
     @VisibleForTesting
     @GuardedBy("mVpns")
-    protected final SparseArray<Vpn> mVpns = new SparseArray<Vpn>();
+    protected final SparseArray<Vpn> mVpns = new SparseArray<>();
 
     // TODO: investigate if mLockdownEnabled can be removed and replaced everywhere by
     // a direct call to LockdownVpnTracker.isEnabled().
@@ -250,25 +271,27 @@
     @GuardedBy("mVpns")
     private LockdownVpnTracker mLockdownTracker;
 
+    /**
+     * Stale copy of uid rules provided by NPMS. As long as they are accessed only in internal
+     * handler thread, they don't need a lock.
+     */
+    private SparseIntArray mUidRules = new SparseIntArray();
+    /** Flag indicating if background data is restricted. */
+    private boolean mRestrictBackground;
+
     final private Context mContext;
-    private int mNetworkPreference;
     // 0 is full bad, 100 is full good
     private int mDefaultInetConditionPublished = 0;
 
-    private boolean mTestMode;
-    private static ConnectivityService sServiceInstance;
-
-    private INetworkManagementService mNetd;
+    private INetworkManagementService mNMS;
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected INetd mNetd;
     private INetworkStatsService mStatsService;
     private INetworkPolicyManager mPolicyManager;
     private NetworkPolicyManagerInternal mPolicyManagerInternal;
-    private IIpConnectivityMetrics mIpConnectivityMetrics;
 
     private String mCurrentTcpBufferSizes;
 
-    private static final int ENABLED  = 1;
-    private static final int DISABLED = 0;
-
     private static final SparseArray<String> sMagicDecoderRing = MessageUtils.findMessageNames(
             new Class[] { AsyncChannel.class, ConnectivityService.class, NetworkAgent.class,
                     NetworkAgentInfo.class });
@@ -281,7 +304,7 @@
         // Don't reap networks.  This should be passed when some networks have not yet been
         // rematched against all NetworkRequests.
         DONT_REAP
-    };
+    }
 
     private enum UnneededFor {
         LINGER,    // Determine whether this network is unneeded and should be lingered.
@@ -289,11 +312,6 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * used internally to change our mobile data enabled flag
-     */
-    private static final int EVENT_CHANGE_MOBILE_DATA_ENABLED = 2;
-
-    /**
      * used internally to clear a wakelock when transitioning
      * from one net to another.  Clear happens when we get a new
      * network - EVENT_EXPIRE_NET_TRANSITION_WAKELOCK happens
@@ -398,9 +416,9 @@
     private static final int EVENT_PROMPT_UNVALIDATED = 29;
 
     /**
-     * used internally to (re)configure mobile data always-on settings.
+     * used internally to (re)configure always-on networks.
      */
-    private static final int EVENT_CONFIGURE_MOBILE_DATA_ALWAYS_ON = 30;
+    private static final int EVENT_CONFIGURE_ALWAYS_ON_NETWORKS = 30;
 
     /**
      * used to add a network listener with a pending intent
@@ -424,6 +442,58 @@
     // Handle private DNS validation status updates.
     private static final int EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_VALIDATION_UPDATE = 38;
 
+    /**
+     * Used to handle onUidRulesChanged event from NetworkPolicyManagerService.
+     */
+    private static final int EVENT_UID_RULES_CHANGED = 39;
+
+    /**
+     * Used to handle onRestrictBackgroundChanged event from NetworkPolicyManagerService.
+     */
+    private static final int EVENT_DATA_SAVER_CHANGED = 40;
+
+     /**
+      * Event for NetworkMonitor/NetworkAgentInfo to inform ConnectivityService that the network has
+      * been tested.
+      * obj = String representing URL that Internet probe was redirect to, if it was redirected.
+      * arg1 = One of the NETWORK_TESTED_RESULT_* constants.
+      * arg2 = NetID.
+      */
+    public static final int EVENT_NETWORK_TESTED = 41;
+
+    /**
+     * Event for NetworkMonitor/NetworkAgentInfo to inform ConnectivityService that the private DNS
+     * config was resolved.
+     * obj = PrivateDnsConfig
+     * arg2 = netid
+     */
+    public static final int EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_CONFIG_RESOLVED = 42;
+
+    /**
+     * Request ConnectivityService display provisioning notification.
+     * arg1    = Whether to make the notification visible.
+     * arg2    = NetID.
+     * obj     = Intent to be launched when notification selected by user, null if !arg1.
+     */
+    public static final int EVENT_PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION = 43;
+
+    /**
+     * This event can handle dismissing notification by given network id.
+     */
+    public static final int EVENT_TIMEOUT_NOTIFICATION = 44;
+
+    /**
+     * Argument for {@link #EVENT_PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION} to indicate that the notification
+     * should be shown.
+     */
+    public static final int PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION_SHOW = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Argument for {@link #EVENT_PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION} to indicate that the notification
+     * should be hidden.
+     */
+    public static final int PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION_HIDE = 0;
+
     private static String eventName(int what) {
         return sMagicDecoderRing.get(what, Integer.toString(what));
     }
@@ -444,29 +514,22 @@
     private int mNetTransitionWakeLockTimeout;
     private final PowerManager.WakeLock mPendingIntentWakeLock;
 
-    // track the current default http proxy - tell the world if we get a new one (real change)
-    private volatile ProxyInfo mDefaultProxy = null;
-    private Object mProxyLock = new Object();
-    private boolean mDefaultProxyDisabled = false;
-
-    // track the global proxy.
-    private ProxyInfo mGlobalProxy = null;
-
-    private PacManager mPacManager = null;
+    // A helper object to track the current default HTTP proxy. ConnectivityService needs to tell
+    // the world when it changes.
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected final ProxyTracker mProxyTracker;
 
     final private SettingsObserver mSettingsObserver;
 
     private UserManager mUserManager;
 
-    NetworkConfig[] mNetConfigs;
-    int mNetworksDefined;
+    private NetworkConfig[] mNetConfigs;
+    private int mNetworksDefined;
 
     // the set of network types that can only be enabled by system/sig apps
-    List mProtectedNetworks;
+    private List mProtectedNetworks;
 
-    private DataConnectionStats mDataConnectionStats;
-
-    TelephonyManager mTelephonyManager;
+    private TelephonyManager mTelephonyManager;
 
     private KeepaliveTracker mKeepaliveTracker;
     private NetworkNotificationManager mNotifier;
@@ -496,33 +559,11 @@
     private long mMaxWakelockDurationMs = 0;
     private long mLastWakeLockAcquireTimestamp = 0;
 
-    // Array of <Network,ReadOnlyLocalLogs> tracking network validation and results
-    private static final int MAX_VALIDATION_LOGS = 10;
-    private static class ValidationLog {
-        final Network mNetwork;
-        final String mName;
-        final ReadOnlyLocalLog mLog;
-
-        ValidationLog(Network network, String name, ReadOnlyLocalLog log) {
-            mNetwork = network;
-            mName = name;
-            mLog = log;
-        }
-    }
-    private final ArrayDeque<ValidationLog> mValidationLogs =
-            new ArrayDeque<ValidationLog>(MAX_VALIDATION_LOGS);
-
-    private void addValidationLogs(ReadOnlyLocalLog log, Network network, String name) {
-        synchronized (mValidationLogs) {
-            while (mValidationLogs.size() >= MAX_VALIDATION_LOGS) {
-                mValidationLogs.removeLast();
-            }
-            mValidationLogs.addFirst(new ValidationLog(network, name, log));
-        }
-    }
-
     private final IpConnectivityLog mMetricsLog;
 
+    @GuardedBy("mBandwidthRequests")
+    private final SparseArray<Integer> mBandwidthRequests = new SparseArray(10);
+
     @VisibleForTesting
     final MultinetworkPolicyTracker mMultinetworkPolicyTracker;
 
@@ -583,7 +624,7 @@
                 throw new IllegalStateException(
                         "legacy list for type " + type + "already initialized");
             }
-            mTypeLists[type] = new ArrayList<NetworkAgentInfo>();
+            mTypeLists[type] = new ArrayList<>();
         }
 
         public boolean isTypeSupported(int type) {
@@ -686,7 +727,7 @@
         }
 
         private String naiToString(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
-            String name = (nai != null) ? nai.name() : "null";
+            String name = nai.name();
             String state = (nai.networkInfo != null) ?
                     nai.networkInfo.getState() + "/" + nai.networkInfo.getDetailedState() :
                     "???/???";
@@ -762,6 +803,12 @@
         mDefaultMobileDataRequest = createDefaultInternetRequestForTransport(
                 NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR, NetworkRequest.Type.BACKGROUND_REQUEST);
 
+        // The default WiFi request is a background request so that apps using WiFi are
+        // migrated to a better network (typically ethernet) when one comes up, instead
+        // of staying on WiFi forever.
+        mDefaultWifiRequest = createDefaultInternetRequestForTransport(
+                NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI, NetworkRequest.Type.BACKGROUND_REQUEST);
+
         mHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("ConnectivityServiceThread");
         mHandlerThread.start();
         mHandler = new InternalHandler(mHandlerThread.getLooper());
@@ -773,16 +820,21 @@
         mLingerDelayMs = mSystemProperties.getInt(LINGER_DELAY_PROPERTY, DEFAULT_LINGER_DELAY_MS);
 
         mContext = checkNotNull(context, "missing Context");
-        mNetd = checkNotNull(netManager, "missing INetworkManagementService");
+        mNMS = checkNotNull(netManager, "missing INetworkManagementService");
         mStatsService = checkNotNull(statsService, "missing INetworkStatsService");
         mPolicyManager = checkNotNull(policyManager, "missing INetworkPolicyManager");
         mPolicyManagerInternal = checkNotNull(
                 LocalServices.getService(NetworkPolicyManagerInternal.class),
                 "missing NetworkPolicyManagerInternal");
+        mProxyTracker = makeProxyTracker();
 
+        mNetd = NetdService.getInstance();
         mKeyStore = KeyStore.getInstance();
         mTelephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
 
+        // To ensure uid rules are synchronized with Network Policy, register for
+        // NetworkPolicyManagerService events must happen prior to NetworkPolicyManagerService
+        // reading existing policy from disk.
         try {
             mPolicyManager.registerListener(mPolicyListener);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
@@ -860,12 +912,9 @@
             }
         }
 
-        mTestMode = mSystemProperties.get("cm.test.mode").equals("true")
-                && mSystemProperties.get("ro.build.type").equals("eng");
-
         mTethering = makeTethering();
 
-        mPermissionMonitor = new PermissionMonitor(mContext, mNetd);
+        mPermissionMonitor = new PermissionMonitor(mContext, mNMS);
 
         //set up the listener for user state for creating user VPNs
         IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
@@ -875,13 +924,22 @@
         intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_REMOVED);
         intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_UNLOCKED);
         mContext.registerReceiverAsUser(
-                mUserIntentReceiver, UserHandle.ALL, intentFilter, null, null);
+                mIntentReceiver, UserHandle.ALL, intentFilter, null, null);
         mContext.registerReceiverAsUser(mUserPresentReceiver, UserHandle.SYSTEM,
                 new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT), null, null);
 
+        // Listen to package add and removal events for all users.
+        intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
+        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED);
+        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REPLACED);
+        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED);
+        intentFilter.addDataScheme("package");
+        mContext.registerReceiverAsUser(
+                mIntentReceiver, UserHandle.ALL, intentFilter, null, null);
+
         try {
-            mNetd.registerObserver(mTethering);
-            mNetd.registerObserver(mDataActivityObserver);
+            mNMS.registerObserver(mTethering);
+            mNMS.registerObserver(mDataActivityObserver);
         } catch (RemoteException e) {
             loge("Error registering observer :" + e);
         }
@@ -889,10 +947,8 @@
         mSettingsObserver = new SettingsObserver(mContext, mHandler);
         registerSettingsCallbacks();
 
-        mDataConnectionStats = new DataConnectionStats(mContext);
-        mDataConnectionStats.startMonitoring();
-
-        mPacManager = new PacManager(mContext, mHandler, EVENT_PROXY_HAS_CHANGED);
+        final DataConnectionStats dataConnectionStats = new DataConnectionStats(mContext);
+        dataConnectionStats.startMonitoring();
 
         mUserManager = (UserManager) context.getSystemService(Context.USER_SERVICE);
 
@@ -914,11 +970,12 @@
 
         mMultipathPolicyTracker = new MultipathPolicyTracker(mContext, mHandler);
 
-        mDnsManager = new DnsManager(mContext, mNetd, mSystemProperties);
+        mDnsManager = new DnsManager(mContext, mNMS, mSystemProperties);
         registerPrivateDnsSettingsCallbacks();
     }
 
-    private Tethering makeTethering() {
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected Tethering makeTethering() {
         // TODO: Move other elements into @Overridden getters.
         final TetheringDependencies deps = new TetheringDependencies() {
             @Override
@@ -930,11 +987,16 @@
                 return mDefaultRequest;
             }
         };
-        return new Tethering(mContext, mNetd, mStatsService, mPolicyManager,
+        return new Tethering(mContext, mNMS, mStatsService, mPolicyManager,
                 IoThread.get().getLooper(), new MockableSystemProperties(),
                 deps);
     }
 
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected ProxyTracker makeProxyTracker() {
+        return new ProxyTracker(mContext, mHandler, EVENT_PROXY_HAS_CHANGED);
+    }
+
     private static NetworkCapabilities createDefaultNetworkCapabilitiesForUid(int uid) {
         final NetworkCapabilities netCap = new NetworkCapabilities();
         netCap.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET);
@@ -962,8 +1024,8 @@
     // 2. Give FakeSettingsProvider an alternative notification mechanism and have the test use it
     //    by subclassing SettingsObserver.
     @VisibleForTesting
-    void updateMobileDataAlwaysOn() {
-        mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(EVENT_CONFIGURE_MOBILE_DATA_ALWAYS_ON);
+    void updateAlwaysOnNetworks() {
+        mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(EVENT_CONFIGURE_ALWAYS_ON_NETWORKS);
     }
 
     // See FakeSettingsProvider comment above.
@@ -972,22 +1034,30 @@
         mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_SETTINGS_CHANGED);
     }
 
-    private void handleMobileDataAlwaysOn() {
+    private void handleAlwaysOnNetworkRequest(
+            NetworkRequest networkRequest, String settingName, boolean defaultValue) {
         final boolean enable = toBool(Settings.Global.getInt(
-                mContext.getContentResolver(), Settings.Global.MOBILE_DATA_ALWAYS_ON, 1));
-        final boolean isEnabled = (mNetworkRequests.get(mDefaultMobileDataRequest) != null);
+                mContext.getContentResolver(), settingName, encodeBool(defaultValue)));
+        final boolean isEnabled = (mNetworkRequests.get(networkRequest) != null);
         if (enable == isEnabled) {
             return;  // Nothing to do.
         }
 
         if (enable) {
             handleRegisterNetworkRequest(new NetworkRequestInfo(
-                    null, mDefaultMobileDataRequest, new Binder()));
+                    null, networkRequest, new Binder()));
         } else {
-            handleReleaseNetworkRequest(mDefaultMobileDataRequest, Process.SYSTEM_UID);
+            handleReleaseNetworkRequest(networkRequest, Process.SYSTEM_UID);
         }
     }
 
+    private void handleConfigureAlwaysOnNetworks() {
+        handleAlwaysOnNetworkRequest(
+                mDefaultMobileDataRequest,Settings.Global.MOBILE_DATA_ALWAYS_ON, true);
+        handleAlwaysOnNetworkRequest(mDefaultWifiRequest, Settings.Global.WIFI_ALWAYS_REQUESTED,
+                false);
+    }
+
     private void registerSettingsCallbacks() {
         // Watch for global HTTP proxy changes.
         mSettingsObserver.observe(
@@ -997,7 +1067,12 @@
         // Watch for whether or not to keep mobile data always on.
         mSettingsObserver.observe(
                 Settings.Global.getUriFor(Settings.Global.MOBILE_DATA_ALWAYS_ON),
-                EVENT_CONFIGURE_MOBILE_DATA_ALWAYS_ON);
+                EVENT_CONFIGURE_ALWAYS_ON_NETWORKS);
+
+        // Watch for whether or not to keep wifi always on.
+        mSettingsObserver.observe(
+                Settings.Global.getUriFor(Settings.Global.WIFI_ALWAYS_REQUESTED),
+                EVENT_CONFIGURE_ALWAYS_ON_NETWORKS);
     }
 
     private void registerPrivateDnsSettingsCallbacks() {
@@ -1026,7 +1101,7 @@
         throw new IllegalStateException("No free netIds");
     }
 
-    private NetworkState getFilteredNetworkState(int networkType, int uid, boolean ignoreBlocked) {
+    private NetworkState getFilteredNetworkState(int networkType, int uid) {
         if (mLegacyTypeTracker.isTypeSupported(networkType)) {
             final NetworkAgentInfo nai = mLegacyTypeTracker.getNetworkForType(networkType);
             final NetworkState state;
@@ -1044,14 +1119,15 @@
                 state = new NetworkState(info, new LinkProperties(), capabilities,
                         null, null, null);
             }
-            filterNetworkStateForUid(state, uid, ignoreBlocked);
+            filterNetworkStateForUid(state, uid, false);
             return state;
         } else {
             return NetworkState.EMPTY;
         }
     }
 
-    private NetworkAgentInfo getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(Network network) {
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected NetworkAgentInfo getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(Network network) {
         if (network == null) {
             return null;
         }
@@ -1110,14 +1186,9 @@
         if (ignoreBlocked) {
             return false;
         }
-        // Networks are never blocked for system services
-        // TODO: consider moving this check to NetworkPolicyManagerInternal.isUidNetworkingBlocked.
-        if (isSystem(uid)) {
-            return false;
-        }
         synchronized (mVpns) {
             final Vpn vpn = mVpns.get(UserHandle.getUserId(uid));
-            if (vpn != null && vpn.isBlockingUid(uid)) {
+            if (vpn != null && vpn.getLockdown() && vpn.isBlockingUid(uid)) {
                 return true;
             }
         }
@@ -1144,6 +1215,17 @@
         mNetworkInfoBlockingLogs.log(action + " " + uid);
     }
 
+    private void maybeLogBlockedStatusChanged(NetworkRequestInfo nri, Network net,
+            boolean blocked) {
+        if (nri == null || net == null || !LOGD_BLOCKED_NETWORKINFO) {
+            return;
+        }
+        String action = blocked ? "BLOCKED" : "UNBLOCKED";
+        log(String.format("Blocked status changed to %s for %d(%d) on netId %d", blocked,
+                nri.mUid, nri.request.requestId, net.netId));
+        mNetworkInfoBlockingLogs.log(action + " " + nri.mUid);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Apply any relevant filters to {@link NetworkState} for the given UID. For
      * example, this may mark the network as {@link DetailedState#BLOCKED} based
@@ -1249,7 +1331,7 @@
                 return state.networkInfo;
             }
         }
-        final NetworkState state = getFilteredNetworkState(networkType, uid, false);
+        final NetworkState state = getFilteredNetworkState(networkType, uid);
         return state.networkInfo;
     }
 
@@ -1284,7 +1366,7 @@
     public Network getNetworkForType(int networkType) {
         enforceAccessPermission();
         final int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
-        NetworkState state = getFilteredNetworkState(networkType, uid, false);
+        NetworkState state = getFilteredNetworkState(networkType, uid);
         if (!isNetworkWithLinkPropertiesBlocked(state.linkProperties, uid, false)) {
             return state.network;
         }
@@ -1321,7 +1403,7 @@
         // default.
         enforceAccessPermission();
 
-        HashMap<Network, NetworkCapabilities> result = new HashMap<Network, NetworkCapabilities>();
+        HashMap<Network, NetworkCapabilities> result = new HashMap<>();
 
         NetworkAgentInfo nai = getDefaultNetwork();
         NetworkCapabilities nc = getNetworkCapabilitiesInternal(nai);
@@ -1428,6 +1510,9 @@
             newNc.setUids(null);
             newNc.setSSID(null);
         }
+        if (newNc.getNetworkSpecifier() != null) {
+            newNc.setNetworkSpecifier(newNc.getNetworkSpecifier().redact());
+        }
         return newNc;
     }
 
@@ -1493,6 +1578,20 @@
     };
 
     /**
+     * Ensures that the system cannot call a particular method.
+     */
+    private boolean disallowedBecauseSystemCaller() {
+        // TODO: start throwing a SecurityException when GnssLocationProvider stops calling
+        // requestRouteToHost.
+        if (isSystem(Binder.getCallingUid())) {
+            log("This method exists only for app backwards compatibility"
+                    + " and must not be called by system services.");
+            return true;
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Ensure that a network route exists to deliver traffic to the specified
      * host via the specified network interface.
      * @param networkType the type of the network over which traffic to the
@@ -1503,6 +1602,9 @@
      */
     @Override
     public boolean requestRouteToHostAddress(int networkType, byte[] hostAddress) {
+        if (disallowedBecauseSystemCaller()) {
+            return false;
+        }
         enforceChangePermission();
         if (mProtectedNetworks.contains(networkType)) {
             enforceConnectivityInternalPermission();
@@ -1580,7 +1682,7 @@
         if (DBG) log("Adding legacy route " + bestRoute +
                 " for UID/PID " + uid + "/" + Binder.getCallingPid());
         try {
-            mNetd.addLegacyRouteForNetId(netId, bestRoute, uid);
+            mNMS.addLegacyRouteForNetId(netId, bestRoute, uid);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             // never crash - catch them all
             if (DBG) loge("Exception trying to add a route: " + e);
@@ -1604,19 +1706,42 @@
                 loge("Error parsing ip address in validation event");
             }
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onDnsEvent(int netId, int eventType, int returnCode, String hostname,
+                String[] ipAddresses, int ipAddressesCount, long timestamp, int uid) {
+            NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetId(netId);
+            // Netd event only allow registrants from system. Each NetworkMonitor thread is under
+            // the caller thread of registerNetworkAgent. Thus, it's not allowed to register netd
+            // event callback for certain nai. e.g. cellular. Register here to pass to
+            // NetworkMonitor instead.
+            // TODO: Move the Dns Event to NetworkMonitor. Use Binder.clearCallingIdentity() in
+            // registerNetworkAgent to have NetworkMonitor created with system process as design
+            // expectation. Also, NetdEventListenerService only allow one callback from each
+            // caller type. Need to re-factor NetdEventListenerService to allow multiple
+            // NetworkMonitor registrants.
+            if (nai != null && nai.satisfies(mDefaultRequest)) {
+                try {
+                    nai.networkMonitor().notifyDnsResponse(returnCode);
+                } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                    e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+                }
+            }
+        }
     };
 
     @VisibleForTesting
     protected void registerNetdEventCallback() {
-        mIpConnectivityMetrics =
-                (IIpConnectivityMetrics) IIpConnectivityMetrics.Stub.asInterface(
-                ServiceManager.getService(IpConnectivityLog.SERVICE_NAME));
-        if (mIpConnectivityMetrics == null) {
+        final IIpConnectivityMetrics ipConnectivityMetrics =
+                IIpConnectivityMetrics.Stub.asInterface(
+                        ServiceManager.getService(IpConnectivityLog.SERVICE_NAME));
+        if (ipConnectivityMetrics == null) {
             Slog.wtf(TAG, "Missing IIpConnectivityMetrics");
+            return;
         }
 
         try {
-            mIpConnectivityMetrics.addNetdEventCallback(
+            ipConnectivityMetrics.addNetdEventCallback(
                     INetdEventCallback.CALLBACK_CALLER_CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE,
                     mNetdEventCallback);
         } catch (Exception e) {
@@ -1627,10 +1752,17 @@
     private final INetworkPolicyListener mPolicyListener = new NetworkPolicyManager.Listener() {
         @Override
         public void onUidRulesChanged(int uid, int uidRules) {
-            // TODO: notify UID when it has requested targeted updates
+            mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_UID_RULES_CHANGED, uid, uidRules));
         }
         @Override
         public void onRestrictBackgroundChanged(boolean restrictBackground) {
+            // caller is NPMS, since we only register with them
+            if (LOGD_BLOCKED_NETWORKINFO) {
+                log("onRestrictBackgroundChanged(restrictBackground=" + restrictBackground + ")");
+            }
+            mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(
+                    EVENT_DATA_SAVER_CHANGED, restrictBackground ? 1 : 0, 0));
+
             // TODO: relocate this specific callback in Tethering.
             if (restrictBackground) {
                 log("onRestrictBackgroundChanged(true): disabling tethering");
@@ -1639,6 +1771,50 @@
         }
     };
 
+    void handleUidRulesChanged(int uid, int newRules) {
+        // skip update when we've already applied rules
+        final int oldRules = mUidRules.get(uid, RULE_NONE);
+        if (oldRules == newRules) return;
+
+        maybeNotifyNetworkBlockedForNewUidRules(uid, newRules);
+
+        if (newRules == RULE_NONE) {
+            mUidRules.delete(uid);
+        } else {
+            mUidRules.put(uid, newRules);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void handleRestrictBackgroundChanged(boolean restrictBackground) {
+        if (mRestrictBackground == restrictBackground) return;
+
+        for (final NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos.values()) {
+            final boolean curMetered = nai.networkCapabilities.isMetered();
+            maybeNotifyNetworkBlocked(nai, curMetered, curMetered, mRestrictBackground,
+                    restrictBackground);
+        }
+
+        mRestrictBackground = restrictBackground;
+    }
+
+    private boolean isUidNetworkingWithVpnBlocked(int uid, int uidRules, boolean isNetworkMetered,
+            boolean isBackgroundRestricted) {
+        synchronized (mVpns) {
+            final Vpn vpn = mVpns.get(UserHandle.getUserId(uid));
+            // Because the return value of this function depends on the list of UIDs the
+            // always-on VPN blocks when in lockdown mode, when the always-on VPN changes that
+            // list all state depending on the return value of this function has to be recomputed.
+            // TODO: add a trigger when the always-on VPN sets its blocked UIDs to reevaluate and
+            // send the necessary onBlockedStatusChanged callbacks.
+            if (vpn != null && vpn.getLockdown() && vpn.isBlockingUid(uid)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return mPolicyManagerInternal.isUidNetworkingBlocked(uid, uidRules,
+                isNetworkMetered, isBackgroundRestricted);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Require that the caller is either in the same user or has appropriate permission to interact
      * across users.
@@ -1655,6 +1831,22 @@
                 "ConnectivityService");
     }
 
+    private boolean checkAnyPermissionOf(String... permissions) {
+        for (String permission : permissions) {
+            if (mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(permission) == PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private void enforceAnyPermissionOf(String... permissions) {
+        if (!checkAnyPermissionOf(permissions)) {
+            throw new SecurityException("Requires one of the following permissions: "
+                    + String.join(", ", permissions) + ".");
+        }
+    }
+
     private void enforceInternetPermission() {
         mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
                 android.Manifest.permission.INTERNET,
@@ -1672,19 +1864,22 @@
     }
 
     private void enforceSettingsPermission() {
-        mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
+        enforceAnyPermissionOf(
                 android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
-                "ConnectivityService");
+                NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
     }
 
     private boolean checkSettingsPermission() {
-        return PERMISSION_GRANTED == mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS);
+        return checkAnyPermissionOf(
+                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
+                NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
     }
 
     private boolean checkSettingsPermission(int pid, int uid) {
         return PERMISSION_GRANTED == mContext.checkPermission(
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS, pid, uid);
+                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS, pid, uid)
+                || PERMISSION_GRANTED == mContext.checkPermission(
+                NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, pid, uid);
     }
 
     private void enforceTetherAccessPermission() {
@@ -1694,11 +1889,31 @@
     }
 
     private void enforceConnectivityInternalPermission() {
-        mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
+        enforceAnyPermissionOf(
                 android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL,
+                NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
+    }
+
+    private void enforceControlAlwaysOnVpnPermission() {
+        mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
+                android.Manifest.permission.CONTROL_ALWAYS_ON_VPN,
                 "ConnectivityService");
     }
 
+    private void enforceNetworkStackSettingsOrSetup() {
+        enforceAnyPermissionOf(
+                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS,
+                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD,
+                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
+                NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
+    }
+
+    private boolean checkNetworkStackPermission() {
+        return checkAnyPermissionOf(
+                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
+                NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
+    }
+
     private void enforceConnectivityRestrictedNetworksPermission() {
         try {
             mContext.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(
@@ -1769,7 +1984,8 @@
 
     private void sendStickyBroadcast(Intent intent) {
         synchronized (this) {
-            if (!mSystemReady) {
+            if (!mSystemReady
+                    && intent.getAction().equals(ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION)) {
                 mInitialBroadcast = new Intent(intent);
             }
             intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY_BEFORE_BOOT);
@@ -1794,7 +2010,7 @@
                 try {
                     bs.noteConnectivityChanged(intent.getIntExtra(
                             ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_NETWORK_TYPE, ConnectivityManager.TYPE_NONE),
-                            ni != null ? ni.getState().toString() : "?");
+                            ni.getState().toString());
                 } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 }
                 intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_VISIBLE_TO_INSTANT_APPS);
@@ -1808,8 +2024,9 @@
     }
 
     void systemReady() {
-        loadGlobalProxy();
+        mProxyTracker.loadGlobalProxy();
         registerNetdEventCallback();
+        mTethering.systemReady();
 
         synchronized (this) {
             mSystemReady = true;
@@ -1818,15 +2035,13 @@
                 mInitialBroadcast = null;
             }
         }
-        // load the global proxy at startup
-        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_APPLY_GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY));
 
         // Try bringing up tracker, but KeyStore won't be ready yet for secondary users so wait
         // for user to unlock device too.
         updateLockdownVpn();
 
-        // Configure whether mobile data is always on.
-        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_CONFIGURE_MOBILE_DATA_ALWAYS_ON));
+        // Create network requests for always-on networks.
+        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_CONFIGURE_ALWAYS_ON_NETWORKS));
 
         mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_SYSTEM_READY));
 
@@ -1864,7 +2079,7 @@
 
         if (timeout > 0 && iface != null && type != ConnectivityManager.TYPE_NONE) {
             try {
-                mNetd.addIdleTimer(iface, timeout, type);
+                mNMS.addIdleTimer(iface, timeout, type);
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 // You shall not crash!
                 loge("Exception in setupDataActivityTracking " + e);
@@ -1882,8 +2097,8 @@
         if (iface != null && (caps.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR) ||
                               caps.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI))) {
             try {
-                // the call fails silently if no idletimer setup for this interface
-                mNetd.removeIdleTimer(iface);
+                // the call fails silently if no idle timer setup for this interface
+                mNMS.removeIdleTimer(iface);
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 loge("Exception in removeDataActivityTracking " + e);
             }
@@ -1891,7 +2106,19 @@
     }
 
     /**
-     * Reads the network specific MTU size from reources.
+     * Update data activity tracking when network state is updated.
+     */
+    private void updateDataActivityTracking(NetworkAgentInfo newNetwork,
+            NetworkAgentInfo oldNetwork) {
+        if (newNetwork != null) {
+            setupDataActivityTracking(newNetwork);
+        }
+        if (oldNetwork != null) {
+            removeDataActivityTracking(oldNetwork);
+        }
+    }
+    /**
+     * Reads the network specific MTU size from resources.
      * and set it on it's iface.
      */
     private void updateMtu(LinkProperties newLp, LinkProperties oldLp) {
@@ -1917,14 +2144,15 @@
         }
 
         try {
-            if (VDBG) log("Setting MTU size: " + iface + ", " + mtu);
-            mNetd.setMtu(iface, mtu);
+            if (VDBG || DDBG) log("Setting MTU size: " + iface + ", " + mtu);
+            mNMS.setMtu(iface, mtu);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             Slog.e(TAG, "exception in setMtu()" + e);
         }
     }
 
-    private static final String DEFAULT_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES = "4096,87380,110208,4096,16384,110208";
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected static final String DEFAULT_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES = "4096,87380,110208,4096,16384,110208";
     private static final String DEFAULT_TCP_RWND_KEY = "net.tcp.default_init_rwnd";
 
     // Overridden for testing purposes to avoid writing to SystemProperties.
@@ -1933,12 +2161,7 @@
         return new MockableSystemProperties();
     }
 
-    private void updateTcpBufferSizes(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
-        if (isDefaultNetwork(nai) == false) {
-            return;
-        }
-
-        String tcpBufferSizes = nai.linkProperties.getTcpBufferSizes();
+    private void updateTcpBufferSizes(String tcpBufferSizes) {
         String[] values = null;
         if (tcpBufferSizes != null) {
             values = tcpBufferSizes.split(",");
@@ -1953,17 +2176,13 @@
         if (tcpBufferSizes.equals(mCurrentTcpBufferSizes)) return;
 
         try {
-            if (VDBG) Slog.d(TAG, "Setting tx/rx TCP buffers to " + tcpBufferSizes);
+            if (VDBG || DDBG) Slog.d(TAG, "Setting tx/rx TCP buffers to " + tcpBufferSizes);
 
-            final String prefix = "/sys/kernel/ipv4/tcp_";
-            FileUtils.stringToFile(prefix + "rmem_min", values[0]);
-            FileUtils.stringToFile(prefix + "rmem_def", values[1]);
-            FileUtils.stringToFile(prefix + "rmem_max", values[2]);
-            FileUtils.stringToFile(prefix + "wmem_min", values[3]);
-            FileUtils.stringToFile(prefix + "wmem_def", values[4]);
-            FileUtils.stringToFile(prefix + "wmem_max", values[5]);
+            String rmemValues = String.join(" ", values[0], values[1], values[2]);
+            String wmemValues = String.join(" ", values[3], values[4], values[5]);
+            mNetd.setTcpRWmemorySize(rmemValues, wmemValues);
             mCurrentTcpBufferSizes = tcpBufferSizes;
-        } catch (IOException e) {
+        } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
             loge("Can't set TCP buffer sizes:" + e);
         }
 
@@ -2000,7 +2219,7 @@
     private void dumpNetworkDiagnostics(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
         final List<NetworkDiagnostics> netDiags = new ArrayList<NetworkDiagnostics>();
         final long DIAG_TIME_MS = 5000;
-        for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos.values()) {
+        for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : networksSortedById()) {
             // Start gathering diagnostic information.
             netDiags.add(new NetworkDiagnostics(
                     nai.network,
@@ -2031,6 +2250,12 @@
         } else if (ArrayUtils.contains(args, TETHERING_ARG)) {
             mTethering.dump(fd, pw, args);
             return;
+        } else if (ArrayUtils.contains(args, NETWORK_ARG)) {
+            dumpNetworks(pw);
+            return;
+        } else if (ArrayUtils.contains(args, REQUEST_ARG)) {
+            dumpNetworkRequests(pw);
+            return;
         }
 
         pw.print("NetworkFactories for:");
@@ -2051,37 +2276,38 @@
 
         pw.println("Current Networks:");
         pw.increaseIndent();
-        for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos.values()) {
-            pw.println(nai.toString());
-            pw.increaseIndent();
-            pw.println(String.format(
-                    "Requests: REQUEST:%d LISTEN:%d BACKGROUND_REQUEST:%d total:%d",
-                    nai.numForegroundNetworkRequests(),
-                    nai.numNetworkRequests() - nai.numRequestNetworkRequests(),
-                    nai.numBackgroundNetworkRequests(),
-                    nai.numNetworkRequests()));
-            pw.increaseIndent();
-            for (int i = 0; i < nai.numNetworkRequests(); i++) {
-                pw.println(nai.requestAt(i).toString());
-            }
-            pw.decreaseIndent();
-            pw.println("Lingered:");
-            pw.increaseIndent();
-            nai.dumpLingerTimers(pw);
-            pw.decreaseIndent();
-            pw.decreaseIndent();
-        }
+        dumpNetworks(pw);
         pw.decreaseIndent();
         pw.println();
 
-        pw.println("Network Requests:");
+        pw.print("Restrict background: ");
+        pw.println(mRestrictBackground);
+        pw.println();
+
+        pw.println("Status for known UIDs:");
         pw.increaseIndent();
-        for (NetworkRequestInfo nri : mNetworkRequests.values()) {
-            pw.println(nri.toString());
+        final int size = mUidRules.size();
+        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+            // Don't crash if the array is modified while dumping in bugreports.
+            try {
+                final int uid = mUidRules.keyAt(i);
+                final int uidRules = mUidRules.get(uid, RULE_NONE);
+                pw.println("UID=" + uid + " rules=" + uidRulesToString(uidRules));
+            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
+                pw.println("  ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException");
+            } catch (ConcurrentModificationException e) {
+                pw.println("  ConcurrentModificationException");
+            }
         }
         pw.println();
         pw.decreaseIndent();
 
+        pw.println("Network Requests:");
+        pw.increaseIndent();
+        dumpNetworkRequests(pw);
+        pw.decreaseIndent();
+        pw.println();
+
         mLegacyTypeTracker.dump(pw);
 
         pw.println();
@@ -2098,17 +2324,6 @@
 
         if (ArrayUtils.contains(args, SHORT_ARG) == false) {
             pw.println();
-            synchronized (mValidationLogs) {
-                pw.println("mValidationLogs (most recent first):");
-                for (ValidationLog p : mValidationLogs) {
-                    pw.println(p.mNetwork + " - " + p.mName);
-                    pw.increaseIndent();
-                    p.mLog.dump(fd, pw, args);
-                    pw.decreaseIndent();
-                }
-            }
-
-            pw.println();
             pw.println("mNetworkRequestInfoLogs (most recent first):");
             pw.increaseIndent();
             mNetworkRequestInfoLogs.reverseDump(fd, pw, args);
@@ -2132,10 +2347,71 @@
                 pw.println("currently holding WakeLock for: " + (duration / 1000) + "s");
             }
             mWakelockLogs.reverseDump(fd, pw, args);
+
+            pw.println();
+            pw.println("bandwidth update requests (by uid):");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            synchronized (mBandwidthRequests) {
+                for (int i = 0; i < mBandwidthRequests.size(); i++) {
+                    pw.println("[" + mBandwidthRequests.keyAt(i)
+                            + "]: " + mBandwidthRequests.valueAt(i));
+                }
+            }
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+
             pw.decreaseIndent();
         }
     }
 
+    private void dumpNetworks(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : networksSortedById()) {
+            pw.println(nai.toString());
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            pw.println(String.format(
+                    "Requests: REQUEST:%d LISTEN:%d BACKGROUND_REQUEST:%d total:%d",
+                    nai.numForegroundNetworkRequests(),
+                    nai.numNetworkRequests() - nai.numRequestNetworkRequests(),
+                    nai.numBackgroundNetworkRequests(),
+                    nai.numNetworkRequests()));
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            for (int i = 0; i < nai.numNetworkRequests(); i++) {
+                pw.println(nai.requestAt(i).toString());
+            }
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+            pw.println("Lingered:");
+            pw.increaseIndent();
+            nai.dumpLingerTimers(pw);
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+            pw.decreaseIndent();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void dumpNetworkRequests(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
+        for (NetworkRequestInfo nri : requestsSortedById()) {
+            pw.println(nri.toString());
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return an array of all current NetworkAgentInfos sorted by network id.
+     */
+    private NetworkAgentInfo[] networksSortedById() {
+        NetworkAgentInfo[] networks = new NetworkAgentInfo[0];
+        networks = mNetworkAgentInfos.values().toArray(networks);
+        Arrays.sort(networks, Comparator.comparingInt(nai -> nai.network.netId));
+        return networks;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return an array of all current NetworkRequest sorted by request id.
+     */
+    private NetworkRequestInfo[] requestsSortedById() {
+        NetworkRequestInfo[] requests = new NetworkRequestInfo[0];
+        requests = mNetworkRequests.values().toArray(requests);
+        Arrays.sort(requests, Comparator.comparingInt(nri -> nri.request.requestId));
+        return requests;
+    }
+
     private boolean isLiveNetworkAgent(NetworkAgentInfo nai, int what) {
         if (nai.network == null) return false;
         final NetworkAgentInfo officialNai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(nai.network);
@@ -2204,8 +2480,7 @@
                     break;
                 }
                 case NetworkAgent.EVENT_NETWORK_SCORE_CHANGED: {
-                    Integer score = (Integer) msg.obj;
-                    if (score != null) updateNetworkScore(nai, score.intValue());
+                    updateNetworkScore(nai, msg.arg1);
                     break;
                 }
                 case NetworkAgent.EVENT_SET_EXPLICITLY_SELECTED: {
@@ -2213,11 +2488,11 @@
                         loge("ERROR: already-connected network explicitly selected.");
                     }
                     nai.networkMisc.explicitlySelected = true;
-                    nai.networkMisc.acceptUnvalidated = (boolean) msg.obj;
+                    nai.networkMisc.acceptUnvalidated = msg.arg1 == 1;
                     break;
                 }
-                case NetworkAgent.EVENT_PACKET_KEEPALIVE: {
-                    mKeepaliveTracker.handleEventPacketKeepalive(nai, msg);
+                case NetworkAgent.EVENT_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE: {
+                    mKeepaliveTracker.handleEventSocketKeepalive(nai, msg);
                     break;
                 }
             }
@@ -2227,13 +2502,18 @@
             switch (msg.what) {
                 default:
                     return false;
-                case NetworkMonitor.EVENT_NETWORK_TESTED: {
+                case EVENT_NETWORK_TESTED: {
                     final NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetId(msg.arg2);
                     if (nai == null) break;
 
-                    final boolean valid = (msg.arg1 == NetworkMonitor.NETWORK_TEST_RESULT_VALID);
+                    final boolean valid = (msg.arg1 == NETWORK_TEST_RESULT_VALID);
                     final boolean wasValidated = nai.lastValidated;
                     final boolean wasDefault = isDefaultNetwork(nai);
+                    if (nai.everCaptivePortalDetected && !nai.captivePortalLoginNotified
+                            && valid) {
+                        nai.captivePortalLoginNotified = true;
+                        showNetworkNotification(nai, NotificationType.LOGGED_IN);
+                    }
 
                     final String redirectUrl = (msg.obj instanceof String) ? (String) msg.obj : "";
 
@@ -2254,7 +2534,15 @@
                         updateCapabilities(oldScore, nai, nai.networkCapabilities);
                         // If score has changed, rebroadcast to NetworkFactories. b/17726566
                         if (oldScore != nai.getCurrentScore()) sendUpdatedScoreToFactories(nai);
-                        if (valid) handleFreshlyValidatedNetwork(nai);
+                        if (valid) {
+                            handleFreshlyValidatedNetwork(nai);
+                            // Clear NO_INTERNET and LOST_INTERNET notifications if network becomes
+                            // valid.
+                            mNotifier.clearNotification(nai.network.netId,
+                                    NotificationType.NO_INTERNET);
+                            mNotifier.clearNotification(nai.network.netId,
+                                    NotificationType.LOST_INTERNET);
+                        }
                     }
                     updateInetCondition(nai);
                     // Let the NetworkAgent know the state of its network
@@ -2269,7 +2557,7 @@
                     }
                     break;
                 }
-                case NetworkMonitor.EVENT_PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION: {
+                case EVENT_PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION: {
                     final int netId = msg.arg2;
                     final boolean visible = toBool(msg.arg1);
                     final NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetId(netId);
@@ -2278,6 +2566,9 @@
                         final int oldScore = nai.getCurrentScore();
                         nai.lastCaptivePortalDetected = visible;
                         nai.everCaptivePortalDetected |= visible;
+                        if (visible) {
+                            nai.captivePortalLoginNotified = false;
+                        }
                         if (nai.lastCaptivePortalDetected &&
                             Settings.Global.CAPTIVE_PORTAL_MODE_AVOID == getCaptivePortalMode()) {
                             if (DBG) log("Avoiding captive portal network: " + nai.name());
@@ -2289,7 +2580,10 @@
                         updateCapabilities(oldScore, nai, nai.networkCapabilities);
                     }
                     if (!visible) {
-                        mNotifier.clearNotification(netId);
+                        // Only clear SIGN_IN and NETWORK_SWITCH notifications here, or else other
+                        // notifications belong to the same network may be cleared unexpected.
+                        mNotifier.clearNotification(netId, NotificationType.SIGN_IN);
+                        mNotifier.clearNotification(netId, NotificationType.NETWORK_SWITCH);
                     } else {
                         if (nai == null) {
                             loge("EVENT_PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION from unknown NetworkMonitor");
@@ -2302,7 +2596,7 @@
                     }
                     break;
                 }
-                case NetworkMonitor.EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_CONFIG_RESOLVED: {
+                case EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_CONFIG_RESOLVED: {
                     final NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetId(msg.arg2);
                     if (nai == null) break;
 
@@ -2344,9 +2638,66 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private class NetworkMonitorCallbacks extends INetworkMonitorCallbacks.Stub {
+        private final NetworkAgentInfo mNai;
+
+        private NetworkMonitorCallbacks(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
+            mNai = nai;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onNetworkMonitorCreated(INetworkMonitor networkMonitor) {
+            mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_REGISTER_NETWORK_AGENT,
+                    new Pair<>(mNai, networkMonitor)));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void notifyNetworkTested(int testResult, @Nullable String redirectUrl) {
+            mTrackerHandler.sendMessage(mTrackerHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_NETWORK_TESTED,
+                    testResult, mNai.network.netId, redirectUrl));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void notifyPrivateDnsConfigResolved(PrivateDnsConfigParcel config) {
+            mTrackerHandler.sendMessage(mTrackerHandler.obtainMessage(
+                    EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_CONFIG_RESOLVED,
+                    0, mNai.network.netId, PrivateDnsConfig.fromParcel(config)));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void showProvisioningNotification(String action, String packageName) {
+            final Intent intent = new Intent(action);
+            intent.setPackage(packageName);
+
+            final PendingIntent pendingIntent;
+            // Only the system server can register notifications with package "android"
+            final long token = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+            try {
+                pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0, intent, 0);
+            } finally {
+                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(token);
+            }
+            mTrackerHandler.sendMessage(mTrackerHandler.obtainMessage(
+                    EVENT_PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION, PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION_SHOW,
+                    mNai.network.netId,
+                    pendingIntent));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void hideProvisioningNotification() {
+            mTrackerHandler.sendMessage(mTrackerHandler.obtainMessage(
+                    EVENT_PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION, PROVISIONING_NOTIFICATION_HIDE,
+                    mNai.network.netId));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void logCaptivePortalLoginEvent(int eventId, String packageName) {
+            new MetricsLogger().action(eventId, packageName);
+        }
+    }
+
     private boolean networkRequiresValidation(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
-        return NetworkMonitor.isValidationRequired(
-                mDefaultRequest.networkCapabilities, nai.networkCapabilities);
+        return isValidationRequired(nai.networkCapabilities);
     }
 
     private void handleFreshlyValidatedNetwork(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
@@ -2375,10 +2726,14 @@
         // Internet access and therefore also require validation.
         if (!networkRequiresValidation(nai)) return;
 
-        // Notify the NetworkMonitor thread in case it needs to cancel or
+        // Notify the NetworkAgentInfo/NetworkMonitor in case NetworkMonitor needs to cancel or
         // schedule DNS resolutions. If a DNS resolution is required the
         // result will be sent back to us.
-        nai.networkMonitor.notifyPrivateDnsSettingsChanged(cfg);
+        try {
+            nai.networkMonitor().notifyPrivateDnsChanged(cfg.toParcel());
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
 
         // With Private DNS bypass support, we can proceed to update the
         // Private DNS config immediately, even if we're in strict mode
@@ -2502,13 +2857,16 @@
         // sending all CALLBACK_LOST messages (for requests, not listens) at the end
         // of rematchAllNetworksAndRequests
         notifyNetworkCallbacks(nai, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_LOST);
-        mKeepaliveTracker.handleStopAllKeepalives(nai,
-                ConnectivityManager.PacketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_NETWORK);
+        mKeepaliveTracker.handleStopAllKeepalives(nai, SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_NETWORK);
         for (String iface : nai.linkProperties.getAllInterfaceNames()) {
             // Disable wakeup packet monitoring for each interface.
             wakeupModifyInterface(iface, nai.networkCapabilities, false);
         }
-        nai.networkMonitor.sendMessage(NetworkMonitor.CMD_NETWORK_DISCONNECTED);
+        try {
+            nai.networkMonitor().notifyNetworkDisconnected();
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
         mNetworkAgentInfos.remove(nai.messenger);
         nai.maybeStopClat();
         synchronized (mNetworkForNetId) {
@@ -2527,7 +2885,7 @@
         }
         nai.clearLingerState();
         if (nai.isSatisfyingRequest(mDefaultRequest.requestId)) {
-            removeDataActivityTracking(nai);
+            updateDataActivityTracking(null /* newNetwork */, nai);
             notifyLockdownVpn(nai);
             ensureNetworkTransitionWakelock(nai.name());
         }
@@ -2547,7 +2905,7 @@
             // NetworkFactories, so network traffic isn't interrupted for an unnecessarily
             // long time.
             try {
-                mNetd.removeNetwork(nai.network.netId);
+                mNMS.removeNetwork(nai.network.netId);
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 loge("Exception removing network: " + e);
             }
@@ -2725,7 +3083,7 @@
             if (nai != null) {
                 boolean wasBackgroundNetwork = nai.isBackgroundNetwork();
                 nai.removeRequest(nri.request.requestId);
-                if (VDBG) {
+                if (VDBG || DDBG) {
                     log(" Removing from current network " + nai.name() +
                             ", leaving " + nai.numNetworkRequests() + " requests.");
                 }
@@ -2745,20 +3103,6 @@
                 }
             }
 
-            // TODO: remove this code once we know that the Slog.wtf is never hit.
-            //
-            // Find all networks that are satisfying this request and remove the request
-            // from their request lists.
-            // TODO - it's my understanding that for a request there is only a single
-            // network satisfying it, so this loop is wasteful
-            for (NetworkAgentInfo otherNai : mNetworkAgentInfos.values()) {
-                if (otherNai.isSatisfyingRequest(nri.request.requestId) && otherNai != nai) {
-                    Slog.wtf(TAG, "Request " + nri.request + " satisfied by " +
-                            otherNai.name() + ", but mNetworkAgentInfos says " +
-                            (nai != null ? nai.name() : "null"));
-                }
-            }
-
             // Maintain the illusion.  When this request arrived, we might have pretended
             // that a network connected to serve it, even though the network was already
             // connected.  Now that this request has gone away, we might have to pretend
@@ -2848,7 +3192,7 @@
         if (!accept) {
             // Tell the NetworkAgent to not automatically reconnect to the network.
             nai.asyncChannel.sendMessage(NetworkAgent.CMD_PREVENT_AUTOMATIC_RECONNECT);
-            // Teardown the nework.
+            // Teardown the network.
             teardownUnneededNetwork(nai);
         }
 
@@ -2882,14 +3226,46 @@
             NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network);
             if (nai == null) return;
             if (!nai.networkCapabilities.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL)) return;
-            nai.networkMonitor.sendMessage(NetworkMonitor.CMD_LAUNCH_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_APP);
+            try {
+                nai.networkMonitor().launchCaptivePortalApp();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            }
         });
     }
 
+    /**
+     * NetworkStack endpoint to start the captive portal app. The NetworkStack needs to use this
+     * endpoint as it does not have INTERACT_ACROSS_USERS_FULL itself.
+     * @param appExtras Bundle to use as intent extras for the captive portal application.
+     *                  Must be treated as opaque to avoid preventing the captive portal app to
+     *                  update its arguments.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void startCaptivePortalAppInternal(Bundle appExtras) {
+        mContext.checkCallingOrSelfPermission(NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK);
+
+        final Intent appIntent = new Intent(ConnectivityManager.ACTION_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_SIGN_IN);
+        appIntent.putExtras(appExtras);
+        appIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_BROUGHT_TO_FRONT | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
+
+        Binder.withCleanCallingIdentity(() ->
+                mContext.startActivityAsUser(appIntent, UserHandle.CURRENT));
+    }
+
     public boolean avoidBadWifi() {
         return mMultinetworkPolicyTracker.getAvoidBadWifi();
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public boolean getAvoidBadWifi() {
+        if (!checkNetworkStackPermission()) {
+            throw new SecurityException("avoidBadWifi requires NETWORK_STACK permission");
+        }
+        return avoidBadWifi();
+    }
+
+
     private void rematchForAvoidBadWifiUpdate() {
         rematchAllNetworksAndRequests(null, 0);
         for (NetworkAgentInfo nai: mNetworkAgentInfos.values()) {
@@ -2927,7 +3303,7 @@
         pw.println("User setting:      " + description);
         pw.println("Network overrides:");
         pw.increaseIndent();
-        for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos.values()) {
+        for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : networksSortedById()) {
             if (nai.avoidUnvalidated) {
                 pw.println(nai.name());
             }
@@ -2936,9 +3312,15 @@
         pw.decreaseIndent();
     }
 
-    private void showValidationNotification(NetworkAgentInfo nai, NotificationType type) {
+    private void showNetworkNotification(NetworkAgentInfo nai, NotificationType type) {
         final String action;
         switch (type) {
+            case LOGGED_IN:
+                action = Settings.ACTION_WIFI_SETTINGS;
+                mHandler.removeMessages(EVENT_TIMEOUT_NOTIFICATION);
+                mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_TIMEOUT_NOTIFICATION,
+                        nai.network.netId, 0), TIMEOUT_NOTIFICATION_DELAY_MS);
+                break;
             case NO_INTERNET:
                 action = ConnectivityManager.ACTION_PROMPT_UNVALIDATED;
                 break;
@@ -2951,10 +3333,12 @@
         }
 
         Intent intent = new Intent(action);
-        intent.setData(Uri.fromParts("netId", Integer.toString(nai.network.netId), null));
-        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
-        intent.setClassName("com.android.settings",
-                "com.android.settings.wifi.WifiNoInternetDialog");
+        if (type != NotificationType.LOGGED_IN) {
+            intent.setData(Uri.fromParts("netId", Integer.toString(nai.network.netId), null));
+            intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
+            intent.setClassName("com.android.settings",
+                    "com.android.settings.wifi.WifiNoInternetDialog");
+        }
 
         PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivityAsUser(
                 mContext, 0, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_CANCEL_CURRENT, null, UserHandle.CURRENT);
@@ -2962,7 +3346,7 @@
     }
 
     private void handlePromptUnvalidated(Network network) {
-        if (VDBG) log("handlePromptUnvalidated " + network);
+        if (VDBG || DDBG) log("handlePromptUnvalidated " + network);
         NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network);
 
         // Only prompt if the network is unvalidated and was explicitly selected by the user, and if
@@ -2972,7 +3356,7 @@
                 !nai.networkMisc.explicitlySelected || nai.networkMisc.acceptUnvalidated) {
             return;
         }
-        showValidationNotification(nai, NotificationType.NO_INTERNET);
+        showNetworkNotification(nai, NotificationType.NO_INTERNET);
     }
 
     private void handleNetworkUnvalidated(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
@@ -2981,7 +3365,7 @@
 
         if (nc.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI) &&
             mMultinetworkPolicyTracker.shouldNotifyWifiUnvalidated()) {
-            showValidationNotification(nai, NotificationType.LOST_INTERNET);
+            showNetworkNotification(nai, NotificationType.LOST_INTERNET);
         }
     }
 
@@ -3003,6 +3387,11 @@
         return mMultinetworkPolicyTracker.getMeteredMultipathPreference();
     }
 
+    @Override
+    public NetworkRequest getDefaultRequest() {
+        return mDefaultRequest;
+    }
+
     private class InternalHandler extends Handler {
         public InternalHandler(Looper looper) {
             super(looper);
@@ -3017,7 +3406,7 @@
                     break;
                 }
                 case EVENT_APPLY_GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY: {
-                    handleDeprecatedGlobalHttpProxy();
+                    mProxyTracker.loadDeprecatedGlobalHttpProxy();
                     break;
                 }
                 case EVENT_PROXY_HAS_CHANGED: {
@@ -3033,7 +3422,9 @@
                     break;
                 }
                 case EVENT_REGISTER_NETWORK_AGENT: {
-                    handleRegisterNetworkAgent((NetworkAgentInfo)msg.obj);
+                    final Pair<NetworkAgentInfo, INetworkMonitor> arg =
+                            (Pair<NetworkAgentInfo, INetworkMonitor>) msg.obj;
+                    handleRegisterNetworkAgent(arg.first, arg.second);
                     break;
                 }
                 case EVENT_REGISTER_NETWORK_REQUEST:
@@ -3072,17 +3463,17 @@
                     handlePromptUnvalidated((Network) msg.obj);
                     break;
                 }
-                case EVENT_CONFIGURE_MOBILE_DATA_ALWAYS_ON: {
-                    handleMobileDataAlwaysOn();
+                case EVENT_CONFIGURE_ALWAYS_ON_NETWORKS: {
+                    handleConfigureAlwaysOnNetworks();
                     break;
                 }
                 // Sent by KeepaliveTracker to process an app request on the state machine thread.
-                case NetworkAgent.CMD_START_PACKET_KEEPALIVE: {
+                case NetworkAgent.CMD_START_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE: {
                     mKeepaliveTracker.handleStartKeepalive(msg);
                     break;
                 }
                 // Sent by KeepaliveTracker to process an app request on the state machine thread.
-                case NetworkAgent.CMD_STOP_PACKET_KEEPALIVE: {
+                case NetworkAgent.CMD_STOP_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE: {
                     NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork((Network) msg.obj);
                     int slot = msg.arg1;
                     int reason = msg.arg2;
@@ -3091,7 +3482,14 @@
                 }
                 case EVENT_SYSTEM_READY: {
                     for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos.values()) {
-                        nai.networkMonitor.systemReady = true;
+                        // Might have been called already in handleRegisterNetworkAgent since
+                        // mSystemReady is set before sending EVENT_SYSTEM_READY, but calling
+                        // this several times is fine.
+                        try {
+                            nai.networkMonitor().notifySystemReady();
+                        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                            e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+                        }
                     }
                     mMultipathPolicyTracker.start();
                     break;
@@ -3107,6 +3505,15 @@
                     handlePrivateDnsValidationUpdate(
                             (PrivateDnsValidationUpdate) msg.obj);
                     break;
+                case EVENT_UID_RULES_CHANGED:
+                    handleUidRulesChanged(msg.arg1, msg.arg2);
+                    break;
+                case EVENT_DATA_SAVER_CHANGED:
+                    handleRestrictBackgroundChanged(toBool(msg.arg1));
+                    break;
+                case EVENT_TIMEOUT_NOTIFICATION:
+                    mNotifier.clearNotification(msg.arg1, NotificationType.LOGGED_IN);
+                    break;
             }
         }
     }
@@ -3116,8 +3523,7 @@
     public int tether(String iface, String callerPkg) {
         ConnectivityManager.enforceTetherChangePermission(mContext, callerPkg);
         if (isTetheringSupported()) {
-            final int status = mTethering.tether(iface);
-            return status;
+            return mTethering.tether(iface);
         } else {
             return ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
         }
@@ -3129,8 +3535,7 @@
         ConnectivityManager.enforceTetherChangePermission(mContext, callerPkg);
 
         if (isTetheringSupported()) {
-            final int status = mTethering.untether(iface);
-            return status;
+            return mTethering.untether(iface);
         } else {
             return ConnectivityManager.TETHER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
         }
@@ -3260,6 +3665,20 @@
         mTethering.stopTethering(type);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Get the latest value of the tethering entitlement check.
+     *
+     * Note: Allow privileged apps who have TETHER_PRIVILEGED permission to access. If it turns
+     * out some such apps are observed to abuse this API, change to per-UID limits on this API
+     * if it's really needed.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public void getLatestTetheringEntitlementValue(int type, ResultReceiver receiver,
+            boolean showEntitlementUi, String callerPkg) {
+        ConnectivityManager.enforceTetherChangePermission(mContext, callerPkg);
+        mTethering.getLatestTetheringEntitlementValue(type, receiver, showEntitlementUi);
+    }
+
     // Called when we lose the default network and have no replacement yet.
     // This will automatically be cleared after X seconds or a new default network
     // becomes CONNECTED, whichever happens first.  The timer is started by the
@@ -3359,147 +3778,66 @@
         if (isNetworkWithLinkPropertiesBlocked(lp, uid, false)) {
             return;
         }
-        nai.networkMonitor.forceReevaluation(uid);
+        try {
+            nai.networkMonitor().forceReevaluation(uid);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
     }
 
-    private ProxyInfo getDefaultProxy() {
-        // this information is already available as a world read/writable jvm property
-        // so this API change wouldn't have a benifit.  It also breaks the passing
-        // of proxy info to all the JVMs.
-        // enforceAccessPermission();
-        synchronized (mProxyLock) {
-            ProxyInfo ret = mGlobalProxy;
-            if ((ret == null) && !mDefaultProxyDisabled) ret = mDefaultProxy;
-            return ret;
+    /**
+     * Returns information about the proxy a certain network is using. If given a null network, it
+     * it will return the proxy for the bound network for the caller app or the default proxy if
+     * none.
+     *
+     * @param network the network we want to get the proxy information for.
+     * @return Proxy information if a network has a proxy configured, or otherwise null.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public ProxyInfo getProxyForNetwork(Network network) {
+        final ProxyInfo globalProxy = mProxyTracker.getGlobalProxy();
+        if (globalProxy != null) return globalProxy;
+        if (network == null) {
+            // Get the network associated with the calling UID.
+            final Network activeNetwork = getActiveNetworkForUidInternal(Binder.getCallingUid(),
+                    true);
+            if (activeNetwork == null) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            return getLinkPropertiesProxyInfo(activeNetwork);
+        } else if (queryUserAccess(Binder.getCallingUid(), network.netId)) {
+            // Don't call getLinkProperties() as it requires ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE permission, which
+            // caller may not have.
+            return getLinkPropertiesProxyInfo(network);
+        }
+        // No proxy info available if the calling UID does not have network access.
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected boolean queryUserAccess(int uid, int netId) {
+        return NetworkUtils.queryUserAccess(uid, netId);
+    }
+
+    private ProxyInfo getLinkPropertiesProxyInfo(Network network) {
+        final NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network);
+        if (nai == null) return null;
+        synchronized (nai) {
+            final ProxyInfo linkHttpProxy = nai.linkProperties.getHttpProxy();
+            return linkHttpProxy == null ? null : new ProxyInfo(linkHttpProxy);
         }
     }
 
     @Override
-    public ProxyInfo getProxyForNetwork(Network network) {
-        if (network == null) return getDefaultProxy();
-        final ProxyInfo globalProxy = getGlobalProxy();
-        if (globalProxy != null) return globalProxy;
-        if (!NetworkUtils.queryUserAccess(Binder.getCallingUid(), network.netId)) return null;
-        // Don't call getLinkProperties() as it requires ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE permission, which
-        // caller may not have.
-        final NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network);
-        if (nai == null) return null;
-        synchronized (nai) {
-            final ProxyInfo proxyInfo = nai.linkProperties.getHttpProxy();
-            if (proxyInfo == null) return null;
-            return new ProxyInfo(proxyInfo);
-        }
-    }
-
-    // Convert empty ProxyInfo's to null as null-checks are used to determine if proxies are present
-    // (e.g. if mGlobalProxy==null fall back to network-specific proxy, if network-specific
-    // proxy is null then there is no proxy in place).
-    private ProxyInfo canonicalizeProxyInfo(ProxyInfo proxy) {
-        if (proxy != null && TextUtils.isEmpty(proxy.getHost())
-                && (proxy.getPacFileUrl() == null || Uri.EMPTY.equals(proxy.getPacFileUrl()))) {
-            proxy = null;
-        }
-        return proxy;
-    }
-
-    // ProxyInfo equality function with a couple modifications over ProxyInfo.equals() to make it
-    // better for determining if a new proxy broadcast is necessary:
-    // 1. Canonicalize empty ProxyInfos to null so an empty proxy compares equal to null so as to
-    //    avoid unnecessary broadcasts.
-    // 2. Make sure all parts of the ProxyInfo's compare true, including the host when a PAC URL
-    //    is in place.  This is important so legacy PAC resolver (see com.android.proxyhandler)
-    //    changes aren't missed.  The legacy PAC resolver pretends to be a simple HTTP proxy but
-    //    actually uses the PAC to resolve; this results in ProxyInfo's with PAC URL, host and port
-    //    all set.
-    private boolean proxyInfoEqual(ProxyInfo a, ProxyInfo b) {
-        a = canonicalizeProxyInfo(a);
-        b = canonicalizeProxyInfo(b);
-        // ProxyInfo.equals() doesn't check hosts when PAC URLs are present, but we need to check
-        // hosts even when PAC URLs are present to account for the legacy PAC resolver.
-        return Objects.equals(a, b) && (a == null || Objects.equals(a.getHost(), b.getHost()));
-    }
-
-    public void setGlobalProxy(ProxyInfo proxyProperties) {
+    public void setGlobalProxy(final ProxyInfo proxyProperties) {
         enforceConnectivityInternalPermission();
-
-        synchronized (mProxyLock) {
-            if (proxyProperties == mGlobalProxy) return;
-            if (proxyProperties != null && proxyProperties.equals(mGlobalProxy)) return;
-            if (mGlobalProxy != null && mGlobalProxy.equals(proxyProperties)) return;
-
-            String host = "";
-            int port = 0;
-            String exclList = "";
-            String pacFileUrl = "";
-            if (proxyProperties != null && (!TextUtils.isEmpty(proxyProperties.getHost()) ||
-                    !Uri.EMPTY.equals(proxyProperties.getPacFileUrl()))) {
-                if (!proxyProperties.isValid()) {
-                    if (DBG)
-                        log("Invalid proxy properties, ignoring: " + proxyProperties.toString());
-                    return;
-                }
-                mGlobalProxy = new ProxyInfo(proxyProperties);
-                host = mGlobalProxy.getHost();
-                port = mGlobalProxy.getPort();
-                exclList = mGlobalProxy.getExclusionListAsString();
-                if (!Uri.EMPTY.equals(proxyProperties.getPacFileUrl())) {
-                    pacFileUrl = proxyProperties.getPacFileUrl().toString();
-                }
-            } else {
-                mGlobalProxy = null;
-            }
-            ContentResolver res = mContext.getContentResolver();
-            final long token = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
-            try {
-                Settings.Global.putString(res, Settings.Global.GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_HOST, host);
-                Settings.Global.putInt(res, Settings.Global.GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_PORT, port);
-                Settings.Global.putString(res, Settings.Global.GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_EXCLUSION_LIST,
-                        exclList);
-                Settings.Global.putString(res, Settings.Global.GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_PAC, pacFileUrl);
-            } finally {
-                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(token);
-            }
-
-            if (mGlobalProxy == null) {
-                proxyProperties = mDefaultProxy;
-            }
-            sendProxyBroadcast(proxyProperties);
-        }
+        mProxyTracker.setGlobalProxy(proxyProperties);
     }
 
-    private void loadGlobalProxy() {
-        ContentResolver res = mContext.getContentResolver();
-        String host = Settings.Global.getString(res, Settings.Global.GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_HOST);
-        int port = Settings.Global.getInt(res, Settings.Global.GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_PORT, 0);
-        String exclList = Settings.Global.getString(res,
-                Settings.Global.GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_EXCLUSION_LIST);
-        String pacFileUrl = Settings.Global.getString(res, Settings.Global.GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_PAC);
-        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(host) || !TextUtils.isEmpty(pacFileUrl)) {
-            ProxyInfo proxyProperties;
-            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(pacFileUrl)) {
-                proxyProperties = new ProxyInfo(pacFileUrl);
-            } else {
-                proxyProperties = new ProxyInfo(host, port, exclList);
-            }
-            if (!proxyProperties.isValid()) {
-                if (DBG) log("Invalid proxy properties, ignoring: " + proxyProperties.toString());
-                return;
-            }
-
-            synchronized (mProxyLock) {
-                mGlobalProxy = proxyProperties;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
+    @Override
+    @Nullable
     public ProxyInfo getGlobalProxy() {
-        // this information is already available as a world read/writable jvm property
-        // so this API change wouldn't have a benifit.  It also breaks the passing
-        // of proxy info to all the JVMs.
-        // enforceAccessPermission();
-        synchronized (mProxyLock) {
-            return mGlobalProxy;
-        }
+        return mProxyTracker.getGlobalProxy();
     }
 
     private void handleApplyDefaultProxy(ProxyInfo proxy) {
@@ -3507,85 +3845,19 @@
                 && Uri.EMPTY.equals(proxy.getPacFileUrl())) {
             proxy = null;
         }
-        synchronized (mProxyLock) {
-            if (mDefaultProxy != null && mDefaultProxy.equals(proxy)) return;
-            if (mDefaultProxy == proxy) return; // catches repeated nulls
-            if (proxy != null &&  !proxy.isValid()) {
-                if (DBG) log("Invalid proxy properties, ignoring: " + proxy.toString());
-                return;
-            }
-
-            // This call could be coming from the PacManager, containing the port of the local
-            // proxy.  If this new proxy matches the global proxy then copy this proxy to the
-            // global (to get the correct local port), and send a broadcast.
-            // TODO: Switch PacManager to have its own message to send back rather than
-            // reusing EVENT_HAS_CHANGED_PROXY and this call to handleApplyDefaultProxy.
-            if ((mGlobalProxy != null) && (proxy != null)
-                    && (!Uri.EMPTY.equals(proxy.getPacFileUrl()))
-                    && proxy.getPacFileUrl().equals(mGlobalProxy.getPacFileUrl())) {
-                mGlobalProxy = proxy;
-                sendProxyBroadcast(mGlobalProxy);
-                return;
-            }
-            mDefaultProxy = proxy;
-
-            if (mGlobalProxy != null) return;
-            if (!mDefaultProxyDisabled) {
-                sendProxyBroadcast(proxy);
-            }
-        }
+        mProxyTracker.setDefaultProxy(proxy);
     }
 
-    // If the proxy has changed from oldLp to newLp, resend proxy broadcast with default proxy.
-    // This method gets called when any network changes proxy, but the broadcast only ever contains
-    // the default proxy (even if it hasn't changed).
-    // TODO: Deprecate the broadcast extras as they aren't necessarily applicable in a multi-network
-    // world where an app might be bound to a non-default network.
-    private void updateProxy(LinkProperties newLp, LinkProperties oldLp, NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
+    // If the proxy has changed from oldLp to newLp, resend proxy broadcast. This method gets called
+    // when any network changes proxy.
+    // TODO: Remove usage of broadcast extras as they are deprecated and not applicable in a
+    // multi-network world where an app might be bound to a non-default network.
+    private void updateProxy(LinkProperties newLp, LinkProperties oldLp) {
         ProxyInfo newProxyInfo = newLp == null ? null : newLp.getHttpProxy();
         ProxyInfo oldProxyInfo = oldLp == null ? null : oldLp.getHttpProxy();
 
-        if (!proxyInfoEqual(newProxyInfo, oldProxyInfo)) {
-            sendProxyBroadcast(getDefaultProxy());
-        }
-    }
-
-    private void handleDeprecatedGlobalHttpProxy() {
-        String proxy = Settings.Global.getString(mContext.getContentResolver(),
-                Settings.Global.HTTP_PROXY);
-        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(proxy)) {
-            String data[] = proxy.split(":");
-            if (data.length == 0) {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            String proxyHost =  data[0];
-            int proxyPort = 8080;
-            if (data.length > 1) {
-                try {
-                    proxyPort = Integer.parseInt(data[1]);
-                } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
-                    return;
-                }
-            }
-            ProxyInfo p = new ProxyInfo(data[0], proxyPort, "");
-            setGlobalProxy(p);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private void sendProxyBroadcast(ProxyInfo proxy) {
-        if (proxy == null) proxy = new ProxyInfo("", 0, "");
-        if (mPacManager.setCurrentProxyScriptUrl(proxy)) return;
-        if (DBG) log("sending Proxy Broadcast for " + proxy);
-        Intent intent = new Intent(Proxy.PROXY_CHANGE_ACTION);
-        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING |
-            Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY_BEFORE_BOOT);
-        intent.putExtra(Proxy.EXTRA_PROXY_INFO, proxy);
-        final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
-        try {
-            mContext.sendStickyBroadcastAsUser(intent, UserHandle.ALL);
-        } finally {
-            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(ident);
+        if (!ProxyTracker.proxyInfoEqual(newProxyInfo, oldProxyInfo)) {
+            mProxyTracker.sendProxyBroadcast();
         }
     }
 
@@ -3596,7 +3868,7 @@
 
         SettingsObserver(Context context, Handler handler) {
             super(null);
-            mUriEventMap = new HashMap<Uri, Integer>();
+            mUriEventMap = new HashMap<>();
             mContext = context;
             mHandler = handler;
         }
@@ -3856,7 +4128,7 @@
                     Slog.w(TAG, "VPN for user " + user + " not ready yet. Skipping lockdown");
                     return false;
                 }
-                setLockdownTracker(new LockdownVpnTracker(mContext, mNetd, this, vpn, profile));
+                setLockdownTracker(new LockdownVpnTracker(mContext, mNMS, this, vpn, profile));
             } else {
                 setLockdownTracker(null);
             }
@@ -3873,6 +4145,8 @@
     private void setLockdownTracker(LockdownVpnTracker tracker) {
         // Shutdown any existing tracker
         final LockdownVpnTracker existing = mLockdownTracker;
+        // TODO: Add a trigger when the always-on VPN enable/disable to reevaluate and send the
+        // necessary onBlockedStatusChanged callbacks.
         mLockdownTracker = null;
         if (existing != null) {
             existing.shutdown();
@@ -3902,7 +4176,7 @@
         synchronized (mVpns) {
             Vpn vpn = mVpns.get(userId);
             if (vpn == null) {
-                // Shouldn't happen as all codepaths that point here should have checked the Vpn
+                // Shouldn't happen as all code paths that point here should have checked the Vpn
                 // exists already.
                 Slog.wtf(TAG, "User " + userId + " has no Vpn configuration");
                 return false;
@@ -3928,8 +4202,9 @@
     }
 
     @Override
-    public boolean setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(int userId, String packageName, boolean lockdown) {
-        enforceConnectivityInternalPermission();
+    public boolean setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(
+            int userId, String packageName, boolean lockdown, List<String> lockdownWhitelist) {
+        enforceControlAlwaysOnVpnPermission();
         enforceCrossUserPermission(userId);
 
         synchronized (mVpns) {
@@ -3943,11 +4218,11 @@
                 Slog.w(TAG, "User " + userId + " has no Vpn configuration");
                 return false;
             }
-            if (!vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(packageName, lockdown)) {
+            if (!vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(packageName, lockdown, lockdownWhitelist)) {
                 return false;
             }
             if (!startAlwaysOnVpn(userId)) {
-                vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false);
+                vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false, null);
                 return false;
             }
         }
@@ -3956,7 +4231,7 @@
 
     @Override
     public String getAlwaysOnVpnPackage(int userId) {
-        enforceConnectivityInternalPermission();
+        enforceControlAlwaysOnVpnPermission();
         enforceCrossUserPermission(userId);
 
         synchronized (mVpns) {
@@ -3970,6 +4245,36 @@
     }
 
     @Override
+    public boolean isVpnLockdownEnabled(int userId) {
+        enforceControlAlwaysOnVpnPermission();
+        enforceCrossUserPermission(userId);
+
+        synchronized (mVpns) {
+            Vpn vpn = mVpns.get(userId);
+            if (vpn == null) {
+                Slog.w(TAG, "User " + userId + " has no Vpn configuration");
+                return false;
+            }
+            return vpn.getLockdown();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public List<String> getVpnLockdownWhitelist(int userId) {
+        enforceControlAlwaysOnVpnPermission();
+        enforceCrossUserPermission(userId);
+
+        synchronized (mVpns) {
+            Vpn vpn = mVpns.get(userId);
+            if (vpn == null) {
+                Slog.w(TAG, "User " + userId + " has no Vpn configuration");
+                return null;
+            }
+            return vpn.getLockdownWhitelist();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
     public int checkMobileProvisioning(int suggestedTimeOutMs) {
         // TODO: Remove?  Any reason to trigger a provisioning check?
         return -1;
@@ -4066,7 +4371,7 @@
             url = String.format(url,
                     mTelephonyManager.getSimSerialNumber() /* ICCID */,
                     mTelephonyManager.getDeviceId() /* IMEI */,
-                    phoneNumber /* Phone numer */);
+                    phoneNumber /* Phone number */);
         }
 
         return url;
@@ -4091,7 +4396,7 @@
 
     @Override
     public void setAirplaneMode(boolean enable) {
-        enforceConnectivityInternalPermission();
+        enforceNetworkStackSettingsOrSetup();
         final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
         try {
             final ContentResolver cr = mContext.getContentResolver();
@@ -4111,7 +4416,7 @@
                 loge("Starting user already has a VPN");
                 return;
             }
-            userVpn = new Vpn(mHandler.getLooper(), mContext, mNetd, userId);
+            userVpn = new Vpn(mHandler.getLooper(), mContext, mNMS, userId);
             mVpns.put(userId, userVpn);
             if (mUserManager.getUserInfo(userId).isPrimary() && LockdownVpnTracker.isEnabled()) {
                 updateLockdownVpn();
@@ -4132,6 +4437,7 @@
     }
 
     private void onUserAdded(int userId) {
+        mPermissionMonitor.onUserAdded(userId);
         synchronized (mVpns) {
             final int vpnsSize = mVpns.size();
             for (int i = 0; i < vpnsSize; i++) {
@@ -4142,6 +4448,7 @@
     }
 
     private void onUserRemoved(int userId) {
+        mPermissionMonitor.onUserRemoved(userId);
         synchronized (mVpns) {
             final int vpnsSize = mVpns.size();
             for (int i = 0; i < vpnsSize; i++) {
@@ -4151,6 +4458,56 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private void onPackageAdded(String packageName, int uid) {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(packageName) || uid < 0) {
+            Slog.wtf(TAG, "Invalid package in onPackageAdded: " + packageName + " | " + uid);
+            return;
+        }
+        mPermissionMonitor.onPackageAdded(packageName, uid);
+    }
+
+    private void onPackageReplaced(String packageName, int uid) {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(packageName) || uid < 0) {
+            Slog.wtf(TAG, "Invalid package in onPackageReplaced: " + packageName + " | " + uid);
+            return;
+        }
+        final int userId = UserHandle.getUserId(uid);
+        synchronized (mVpns) {
+            final Vpn vpn = mVpns.get(userId);
+            if (vpn == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            // Legacy always-on VPN won't be affected since the package name is not set.
+            if (TextUtils.equals(vpn.getAlwaysOnPackage(), packageName)) {
+                Slog.d(TAG, "Restarting always-on VPN package " + packageName + " for user "
+                        + userId);
+                vpn.startAlwaysOnVpn();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void onPackageRemoved(String packageName, int uid, boolean isReplacing) {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(packageName) || uid < 0) {
+            Slog.wtf(TAG, "Invalid package in onPackageRemoved: " + packageName + " | " + uid);
+            return;
+        }
+        mPermissionMonitor.onPackageRemoved(uid);
+
+        final int userId = UserHandle.getUserId(uid);
+        synchronized (mVpns) {
+            final Vpn vpn = mVpns.get(userId);
+            if (vpn == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+            // Legacy always-on VPN won't be affected since the package name is not set.
+            if (TextUtils.equals(vpn.getAlwaysOnPackage(), packageName) && !isReplacing) {
+                Slog.d(TAG, "Removing always-on VPN package " + packageName + " for user "
+                        + userId);
+                vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false, null);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     private void onUserUnlocked(int userId) {
         synchronized (mVpns) {
             // User present may be sent because of an unlock, which might mean an unlocked keystore.
@@ -4162,11 +4519,15 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private BroadcastReceiver mUserIntentReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
+    private BroadcastReceiver mIntentReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
         @Override
         public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
             final String action = intent.getAction();
             final int userId = intent.getIntExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, UserHandle.USER_NULL);
+            final int uid = intent.getIntExtra(Intent.EXTRA_UID, -1);
+            final Uri packageData = intent.getData();
+            final String packageName =
+                    packageData != null ? packageData.getSchemeSpecificPart() : null;
             if (userId == UserHandle.USER_NULL) return;
 
             if (Intent.ACTION_USER_STARTED.equals(action)) {
@@ -4179,6 +4540,14 @@
                 onUserRemoved(userId);
             } else if (Intent.ACTION_USER_UNLOCKED.equals(action)) {
                 onUserUnlocked(userId);
+            } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED.equals(action)) {
+                onPackageAdded(packageName, uid);
+            } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REPLACED.equals(action)) {
+                onPackageReplaced(packageName, uid);
+            } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED.equals(action)) {
+                final boolean isReplacing = intent.getBooleanExtra(
+                        Intent.EXTRA_REPLACING, false);
+                onPackageRemoved(packageName, uid, isReplacing);
             }
         }
     };
@@ -4193,10 +4562,8 @@
         }
     };
 
-    private final HashMap<Messenger, NetworkFactoryInfo> mNetworkFactoryInfos =
-            new HashMap<Messenger, NetworkFactoryInfo>();
-    private final HashMap<NetworkRequest, NetworkRequestInfo> mNetworkRequests =
-            new HashMap<NetworkRequest, NetworkRequestInfo>();
+    private final HashMap<Messenger, NetworkFactoryInfo> mNetworkFactoryInfos = new HashMap<>();
+    private final HashMap<NetworkRequest, NetworkRequestInfo> mNetworkRequests = new HashMap<>();
 
     private static final int MAX_NETWORK_REQUESTS_PER_UID = 100;
     // Map from UID to number of NetworkRequests that UID has filed.
@@ -4310,7 +4677,7 @@
     }
 
     private ArrayList<Integer> getSignalStrengthThresholds(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
-        final SortedSet<Integer> thresholds = new TreeSet();
+        final SortedSet<Integer> thresholds = new TreeSet<>();
         synchronized (nai) {
             for (NetworkRequestInfo nri : mNetworkRequests.values()) {
                 if (nri.request.networkCapabilities.hasSignalStrength() &&
@@ -4319,7 +4686,7 @@
                 }
             }
         }
-        return new ArrayList<Integer>(thresholds);
+        return new ArrayList<>(thresholds);
     }
 
     private void updateSignalStrengthThresholds(
@@ -4424,6 +4791,14 @@
         }
         if (nai != null) {
             nai.asyncChannel.sendMessage(android.net.NetworkAgent.CMD_REQUEST_BANDWIDTH_UPDATE);
+            synchronized (mBandwidthRequests) {
+                final int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
+                Integer uidReqs = mBandwidthRequests.get(uid);
+                if (uidReqs == null) {
+                    uidReqs = new Integer(0);
+                }
+                mBandwidthRequests.put(uid, ++uidReqs);
+            }
             return true;
         }
         return false;
@@ -4599,13 +4974,11 @@
      */
     // NOTE: Accessed on multiple threads, must be synchronized on itself.
     @GuardedBy("mNetworkForRequestId")
-    private final SparseArray<NetworkAgentInfo> mNetworkForRequestId =
-            new SparseArray<NetworkAgentInfo>();
+    private final SparseArray<NetworkAgentInfo> mNetworkForRequestId = new SparseArray<>();
 
     // NOTE: Accessed on multiple threads, must be synchronized on itself.
     @GuardedBy("mNetworkForNetId")
-    private final SparseArray<NetworkAgentInfo> mNetworkForNetId =
-            new SparseArray<NetworkAgentInfo>();
+    private final SparseArray<NetworkAgentInfo> mNetworkForNetId = new SparseArray<>();
     // NOTE: Accessed on multiple threads, synchronized with mNetworkForNetId.
     // An entry is first added to mNetIdInUse, prior to mNetworkForNetId, so
     // there may not be a strict 1:1 correlation between the two.
@@ -4615,11 +4988,10 @@
     // NetworkAgentInfo keyed off its connecting messenger
     // TODO - eval if we can reduce the number of lists/hashmaps/sparsearrays
     // NOTE: Only should be accessed on ConnectivityServiceThread, except dump().
-    private final HashMap<Messenger, NetworkAgentInfo> mNetworkAgentInfos =
-            new HashMap<Messenger, NetworkAgentInfo>();
+    private final HashMap<Messenger, NetworkAgentInfo> mNetworkAgentInfos = new HashMap<>();
 
     @GuardedBy("mBlockedAppUids")
-    private final HashSet<Integer> mBlockedAppUids = new HashSet();
+    private final HashSet<Integer> mBlockedAppUids = new HashSet<>();
 
     // Note: if mDefaultRequest is changed, NetworkMonitor needs to be updated.
     private final NetworkRequest mDefaultRequest;
@@ -4628,6 +5000,10 @@
     // priority networks like Wi-Fi are active.
     private final NetworkRequest mDefaultMobileDataRequest;
 
+    // Request used to optionally keep wifi data active even when higher
+    // priority networks like ethernet are active.
+    private final NetworkRequest mDefaultWifiRequest;
+
     private NetworkAgentInfo getNetworkForRequest(int requestId) {
         synchronized (mNetworkForRequestId) {
             return mNetworkForRequestId.get(requestId);
@@ -4670,27 +5046,49 @@
         final NetworkCapabilities nc = new NetworkCapabilities(networkCapabilities);
         final NetworkAgentInfo nai = new NetworkAgentInfo(messenger, new AsyncChannel(),
                 new Network(reserveNetId()), new NetworkInfo(networkInfo), lp, nc, currentScore,
-                mContext, mTrackerHandler, new NetworkMisc(networkMisc), mDefaultRequest, this);
+                mContext, mTrackerHandler, new NetworkMisc(networkMisc), this, mNetd, mNMS);
         // Make sure the network capabilities reflect what the agent info says.
         nai.networkCapabilities = mixInCapabilities(nai, nc);
-        synchronized (this) {
-            nai.networkMonitor.systemReady = mSystemReady;
-        }
         final String extraInfo = networkInfo.getExtraInfo();
         final String name = TextUtils.isEmpty(extraInfo)
                 ? nai.networkCapabilities.getSSID() : extraInfo;
-        addValidationLogs(nai.networkMonitor.getValidationLogs(), nai.network, name);
         if (DBG) log("registerNetworkAgent " + nai);
-        mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(EVENT_REGISTER_NETWORK_AGENT, nai));
+        final long token = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+        try {
+            mContext.getSystemService(NetworkStack.class).makeNetworkMonitor(
+                    toStableParcelable(nai.network), name, new NetworkMonitorCallbacks(nai));
+        } finally {
+            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(token);
+        }
+        // NetworkAgentInfo registration will finish when the NetworkMonitor is created.
+        // If the network disconnects or sends any other event before that, messages are deferred by
+        // NetworkAgent until nai.asyncChannel.connect(), which will be called when finalizing the
+        // registration.
         return nai.network.netId;
     }
 
-    private void handleRegisterNetworkAgent(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
+    private void handleRegisterNetworkAgent(NetworkAgentInfo nai, INetworkMonitor networkMonitor) {
+        nai.onNetworkMonitorCreated(networkMonitor);
         if (VDBG) log("Got NetworkAgent Messenger");
         mNetworkAgentInfos.put(nai.messenger, nai);
         synchronized (mNetworkForNetId) {
             mNetworkForNetId.put(nai.network.netId, nai);
         }
+        synchronized (this) {
+            if (mSystemReady) {
+                try {
+                    networkMonitor.notifySystemReady();
+                } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                    e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        try {
+            networkMonitor.start();
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+        }
         nai.asyncChannel.connect(mContext, mTrackerHandler, nai.messenger);
         NetworkInfo networkInfo = nai.networkInfo;
         nai.networkInfo = null;
@@ -4698,8 +5096,8 @@
         updateUids(nai, null, nai.networkCapabilities);
     }
 
-    private void updateLinkProperties(NetworkAgentInfo networkAgent, LinkProperties oldLp) {
-        LinkProperties newLp = new LinkProperties(networkAgent.linkProperties);
+    private void updateLinkProperties(NetworkAgentInfo networkAgent, LinkProperties newLp,
+            LinkProperties oldLp) {
         int netId = networkAgent.network.netId;
 
         // The NetworkAgentInfo does not know whether clatd is running on its network or not. Before
@@ -4714,7 +5112,9 @@
 //        for (LinkProperties lp : newLp.getStackedLinks()) {
 //            updateMtu(lp, null);
 //        }
-        updateTcpBufferSizes(networkAgent);
+        if (isDefaultNetwork(networkAgent)) {
+            updateTcpBufferSizes(newLp.getTcpBufferSizes());
+        }
 
         updateRoutes(newLp, oldLp, netId);
         updateDnses(newLp, oldLp, netId);
@@ -4724,27 +5124,34 @@
         // updateDnses will fetch the private DNS configuration from DnsManager.
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDnsStatus(netId, newLp);
 
-        // Start or stop clat accordingly to network state.
-        networkAgent.updateClat(mNetd);
         if (isDefaultNetwork(networkAgent)) {
             handleApplyDefaultProxy(newLp.getHttpProxy());
         } else {
-            updateProxy(newLp, oldLp, networkAgent);
+            updateProxy(newLp, oldLp);
         }
         // TODO - move this check to cover the whole function
         if (!Objects.equals(newLp, oldLp)) {
             synchronized (networkAgent) {
                 networkAgent.linkProperties = newLp;
             }
+            // Start or stop clat accordingly to network state.
+            networkAgent.updateClat(mNMS);
             notifyIfacesChangedForNetworkStats();
-            notifyNetworkCallbacks(networkAgent, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_IP_CHANGED);
+            if (networkAgent.everConnected) {
+                try {
+                    networkAgent.networkMonitor().notifyLinkPropertiesChanged();
+                } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                    e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+                }
+                notifyNetworkCallbacks(networkAgent, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_IP_CHANGED);
+            }
         }
 
         mKeepaliveTracker.handleCheckKeepalivesStillValid(networkAgent);
     }
 
     private void wakeupModifyInterface(String iface, NetworkCapabilities caps, boolean add) {
-        // Marks are only available on WiFi interaces. Checking for
+        // Marks are only available on WiFi interfaces. Checking for
         // marks on unsupported interfaces is harmless.
         if (!caps.hasTransport(NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI)) {
             return;
@@ -4764,9 +5171,9 @@
         final String prefix = "iface:" + iface;
         try {
             if (add) {
-                mNetd.getNetdService().wakeupAddInterface(iface, prefix, mark, mask);
+                mNetd.wakeupAddInterface(iface, prefix, mark, mask);
             } else {
-                mNetd.getNetdService().wakeupDelInterface(iface, prefix, mark, mask);
+                mNetd.wakeupDelInterface(iface, prefix, mark, mask);
             }
         } catch (Exception e) {
             loge("Exception modifying wakeup packet monitoring: " + e);
@@ -4776,13 +5183,13 @@
 
     private void updateInterfaces(LinkProperties newLp, LinkProperties oldLp, int netId,
                                   NetworkCapabilities caps) {
-        CompareResult<String> interfaceDiff = new CompareResult<String>(
+        CompareResult<String> interfaceDiff = new CompareResult<>(
                 oldLp != null ? oldLp.getAllInterfaceNames() : null,
                 newLp != null ? newLp.getAllInterfaceNames() : null);
         for (String iface : interfaceDiff.added) {
             try {
                 if (DBG) log("Adding iface " + iface + " to network " + netId);
-                mNetd.addInterfaceToNetwork(iface, netId);
+                mNMS.addInterfaceToNetwork(iface, netId);
                 wakeupModifyInterface(iface, caps, true);
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 loge("Exception adding interface: " + e);
@@ -4792,7 +5199,7 @@
             try {
                 if (DBG) log("Removing iface " + iface + " from network " + netId);
                 wakeupModifyInterface(iface, caps, false);
-                mNetd.removeInterfaceFromNetwork(iface, netId);
+                mNMS.removeInterfaceFromNetwork(iface, netId);
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 loge("Exception removing interface: " + e);
             }
@@ -4811,12 +5218,12 @@
 
         // add routes before removing old in case it helps with continuous connectivity
 
-        // do this twice, adding non-nexthop routes first, then routes they are dependent on
+        // do this twice, adding non-next-hop routes first, then routes they are dependent on
         for (RouteInfo route : routeDiff.added) {
             if (route.hasGateway()) continue;
-            if (VDBG) log("Adding Route [" + route + "] to network " + netId);
+            if (VDBG || DDBG) log("Adding Route [" + route + "] to network " + netId);
             try {
-                mNetd.addRoute(netId, route);
+                mNMS.addRoute(netId, route);
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 if ((route.getDestination().getAddress() instanceof Inet4Address) || VDBG) {
                     loge("Exception in addRoute for non-gateway: " + e);
@@ -4825,9 +5232,9 @@
         }
         for (RouteInfo route : routeDiff.added) {
             if (route.hasGateway() == false) continue;
-            if (VDBG) log("Adding Route [" + route + "] to network " + netId);
+            if (VDBG || DDBG) log("Adding Route [" + route + "] to network " + netId);
             try {
-                mNetd.addRoute(netId, route);
+                mNMS.addRoute(netId, route);
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 if ((route.getGateway() instanceof Inet4Address) || VDBG) {
                     loge("Exception in addRoute for gateway: " + e);
@@ -4836,9 +5243,9 @@
         }
 
         for (RouteInfo route : routeDiff.removed) {
-            if (VDBG) log("Removing Route [" + route + "] from network " + netId);
+            if (VDBG || DDBG) log("Removing Route [" + route + "] from network " + netId);
             try {
-                mNetd.removeRoute(netId, route);
+                mNMS.removeRoute(netId, route);
             } catch (Exception e) {
                 loge("Exception in removeRoute: " + e);
             }
@@ -4865,15 +5272,14 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private String getNetworkPermission(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
-        // TODO: make these permission strings AIDL constants instead.
+    private int getNetworkPermission(NetworkCapabilities nc) {
         if (!nc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED)) {
-            return NetworkManagementService.PERMISSION_SYSTEM;
+            return INetd.PERMISSION_SYSTEM;
         }
         if (!nc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND)) {
-            return NetworkManagementService.PERMISSION_NETWORK;
+            return INetd.PERMISSION_NETWORK;
         }
-        return null;
+        return INetd.PERMISSION_NONE;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -4946,11 +5352,11 @@
 
         if (Objects.equals(nai.networkCapabilities, newNc)) return;
 
-        final String oldPermission = getNetworkPermission(nai.networkCapabilities);
-        final String newPermission = getNetworkPermission(newNc);
-        if (!Objects.equals(oldPermission, newPermission) && nai.created && !nai.isVPN()) {
+        final int oldPermission = getNetworkPermission(nai.networkCapabilities);
+        final int newPermission = getNetworkPermission(newNc);
+        if (oldPermission != newPermission && nai.created && !nai.isVPN()) {
             try {
-                mNetd.setNetworkPermission(nai.network.netId, newPermission);
+                mNMS.setNetworkPermission(nai.network.netId, newPermission);
             } catch (RemoteException e) {
                 loge("Exception in setNetworkPermission: " + e);
             }
@@ -4974,15 +5380,28 @@
             // If the requestable capabilities have changed or the score changed, we can't have been
             // called by rematchNetworkAndRequests, so it's safe to start a rematch.
             rematchAllNetworksAndRequests(nai, oldScore);
+            try {
+                nai.networkMonitor().notifyNetworkCapabilitiesChanged();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            }
             notifyNetworkCallbacks(nai, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_CAP_CHANGED);
         }
 
-        // Report changes that are interesting for network statistics tracking.
         if (prevNc != null) {
-            final boolean meteredChanged = prevNc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED) !=
-                    newNc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED);
+            final boolean oldMetered = prevNc.isMetered();
+            final boolean newMetered = newNc.isMetered();
+            final boolean meteredChanged = oldMetered != newMetered;
+
+            if (meteredChanged) {
+                maybeNotifyNetworkBlocked(nai, oldMetered, newMetered, mRestrictBackground,
+                        mRestrictBackground);
+            }
+
             final boolean roamingChanged = prevNc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING) !=
                     newNc.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING);
+
+            // Report changes that are interesting for network statistics tracking.
             if (meteredChanged || roamingChanged) {
                 notifyIfacesChangedForNetworkStats();
             }
@@ -5010,12 +5429,12 @@
             if (!newRanges.isEmpty()) {
                 final UidRange[] addedRangesArray = new UidRange[newRanges.size()];
                 newRanges.toArray(addedRangesArray);
-                mNetd.addVpnUidRanges(nai.network.netId, addedRangesArray);
+                mNMS.addVpnUidRanges(nai.network.netId, addedRangesArray);
             }
             if (!prevRanges.isEmpty()) {
                 final UidRange[] removedRangesArray = new UidRange[prevRanges.size()];
                 prevRanges.toArray(removedRangesArray);
-                mNetd.removeVpnUidRanges(nai.network.netId, removedRangesArray);
+                mNMS.removeVpnUidRanges(nai.network.netId, removedRangesArray);
             }
         } catch (Exception e) {
             // Never crash!
@@ -5030,18 +5449,12 @@
         }
         // newLp is already a defensive copy.
         newLp.ensureDirectlyConnectedRoutes();
-        if (VDBG) {
+        if (VDBG || DDBG) {
             log("Update of LinkProperties for " + nai.name() +
                     "; created=" + nai.created +
                     "; everConnected=" + nai.everConnected);
         }
-        LinkProperties oldLp = nai.linkProperties;
-        synchronized (nai) {
-            nai.linkProperties = newLp;
-        }
-        if (nai.everConnected) {
-            updateLinkProperties(nai, oldLp);
-        }
+        updateLinkProperties(nai, newLp, new LinkProperties(nai.linkProperties));
     }
 
     private void sendUpdatedScoreToFactories(NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
@@ -5054,7 +5467,9 @@
     }
 
     private void sendUpdatedScoreToFactories(NetworkRequest networkRequest, int score) {
-        if (VDBG) log("sending new Min Network Score(" + score + "): " + networkRequest.toString());
+        if (VDBG || DDBG){
+            log("sending new Min Network Score(" + score + "): " + networkRequest.toString());
+        }
         for (NetworkFactoryInfo nfi : mNetworkFactoryInfos.values()) {
             nfi.asyncChannel.sendMessage(android.net.NetworkFactory.CMD_REQUEST_NETWORK, score, 0,
                     networkRequest);
@@ -5110,8 +5525,11 @@
         }
         switch (notificationType) {
             case ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_AVAILABLE: {
-                putParcelable(bundle, new NetworkCapabilities(networkAgent.networkCapabilities));
+                putParcelable(bundle, networkCapabilitiesRestrictedForCallerPermissions(
+                        networkAgent.networkCapabilities, nri.mPid, nri.mUid));
                 putParcelable(bundle, new LinkProperties(networkAgent.linkProperties));
+                // For this notification, arg1 contains the blocked status.
+                msg.arg1 = arg1;
                 break;
             }
             case ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_LOSING: {
@@ -5129,6 +5547,11 @@
                 putParcelable(bundle, new LinkProperties(networkAgent.linkProperties));
                 break;
             }
+            case ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_BLK_CHANGED: {
+                maybeLogBlockedStatusChanged(nri, networkAgent.network, arg1 != 0);
+                msg.arg1 = arg1;
+                break;
+            }
         }
         msg.what = notificationType;
         msg.setData(bundle);
@@ -5184,16 +5607,16 @@
 
     private void makeDefault(NetworkAgentInfo newNetwork) {
         if (DBG) log("Switching to new default network: " + newNetwork);
-        setupDataActivityTracking(newNetwork);
+
         try {
-            mNetd.setDefaultNetId(newNetwork.network.netId);
+            mNMS.setDefaultNetId(newNetwork.network.netId);
         } catch (Exception e) {
             loge("Exception setting default network :" + e);
         }
 
         notifyLockdownVpn(newNetwork);
         handleApplyDefaultProxy(newNetwork.linkProperties.getHttpProxy());
-        updateTcpBufferSizes(newNetwork);
+        updateTcpBufferSizes(newNetwork.linkProperties.getTcpBufferSizes());
         mDnsManager.setDefaultDnsSystemProperties(newNetwork.linkProperties.getDnsServers());
         notifyIfacesChangedForNetworkStats();
     }
@@ -5210,6 +5633,11 @@
         }
 
         if (capabilitiesChanged) {
+            try {
+                nai.networkMonitor().notifyNetworkCapabilitiesChanged();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            }
             notifyNetworkCallbacks(nai, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_CAP_CHANGED);
         }
 
@@ -5260,12 +5688,12 @@
         final boolean wasBackgroundNetwork = newNetwork.isBackgroundNetwork();
         final int score = newNetwork.getCurrentScore();
 
-        if (VDBG) log("rematching " + newNetwork.name());
+        if (VDBG || DDBG) log("rematching " + newNetwork.name());
 
         // Find and migrate to this Network any NetworkRequests for
         // which this network is now the best.
-        ArrayList<NetworkAgentInfo> affectedNetworks = new ArrayList<NetworkAgentInfo>();
-        ArrayList<NetworkRequestInfo> addedRequests = new ArrayList<NetworkRequestInfo>();
+        ArrayList<NetworkAgentInfo> affectedNetworks = new ArrayList<>();
+        ArrayList<NetworkRequestInfo> addedRequests = new ArrayList<>();
         NetworkCapabilities nc = newNetwork.networkCapabilities;
         if (VDBG) log(" network has: " + nc);
         for (NetworkRequestInfo nri : mNetworkRequests.values()) {
@@ -5291,7 +5719,7 @@
             if (satisfies) {
                 // next check if it's better than any current network we're using for
                 // this request
-                if (VDBG) {
+                if (VDBG || DDBG) {
                     log("currentScore = " +
                             (currentNetwork != null ? currentNetwork.getCurrentScore() : 0) +
                             ", newScore = " + score);
@@ -5299,12 +5727,14 @@
                 if (currentNetwork == null || currentNetwork.getCurrentScore() < score) {
                     if (VDBG) log("rematch for " + newNetwork.name());
                     if (currentNetwork != null) {
-                        if (VDBG) log("   accepting network in place of " + currentNetwork.name());
+                        if (VDBG || DDBG){
+                            log("   accepting network in place of " + currentNetwork.name());
+                        }
                         currentNetwork.removeRequest(nri.request.requestId);
                         currentNetwork.lingerRequest(nri.request, now, mLingerDelayMs);
                         affectedNetworks.add(currentNetwork);
                     } else {
-                        if (VDBG) log("   accepting network in place of null");
+                        if (VDBG || DDBG) log("   accepting network in place of null");
                     }
                     newNetwork.unlingerRequest(nri.request);
                     setNetworkForRequest(nri.request.requestId, newNetwork);
@@ -5315,7 +5745,7 @@
                     keep = true;
                     // Tell NetworkFactories about the new score, so they can stop
                     // trying to connect if they know they cannot match it.
-                    // TODO - this could get expensive if we have alot of requests for this
+                    // TODO - this could get expensive if we have a lot of requests for this
                     // network.  Think about if there is a way to reduce this.  Push
                     // netid->request mapping to each factory?
                     sendUpdatedScoreToFactories(nri.request, score);
@@ -5359,6 +5789,7 @@
             }
         }
         if (isNewDefault) {
+            updateDataActivityTracking(newNetwork, oldDefaultNetwork);
             // Notify system services that this network is up.
             makeDefault(newNetwork);
             // Log 0 -> X and Y -> X default network transitions, where X is the new default.
@@ -5436,7 +5867,7 @@
 
             // This has to happen after the notifyNetworkCallbacks as that tickles each
             // ConnectivityManager instance so that legacy requests correctly bind dns
-            // requests to this network.  The legacy users are listening for this bcast
+            // requests to this network.  The legacy users are listening for this broadcast
             // and will generally do a dns request so they can ensureRouteToHost and if
             // they do that before the callbacks happen they'll use the default network.
             //
@@ -5501,7 +5932,7 @@
         // TODO: This may get slow.  The "changed" parameter is provided for future optimization
         // to avoid the slowness.  It is not simply enough to process just "changed", for
         // example in the case where "changed"'s score decreases and another network should begin
-        // satifying a NetworkRequest that "changed" currently satisfies.
+        // satisfying a NetworkRequest that "changed" currently satisfies.
 
         // Optimization: Only reprocess "changed" if its score improved.  This is safe because it
         // can only add more NetworkRequests satisfied by "changed", and this is exactly what
@@ -5581,12 +6012,11 @@
             try {
                 // This should never fail.  Specifying an already in use NetID will cause failure.
                 if (networkAgent.isVPN()) {
-                    mNetd.createVirtualNetwork(networkAgent.network.netId,
-                            !networkAgent.linkProperties.getDnsServers().isEmpty(),
+                    mNMS.createVirtualNetwork(networkAgent.network.netId,
                             (networkAgent.networkMisc == null ||
                                 !networkAgent.networkMisc.allowBypass));
                 } else {
-                    mNetd.createPhysicalNetwork(networkAgent.network.netId,
+                    mNMS.createPhysicalNetwork(networkAgent.network.netId,
                             getNetworkPermission(networkAgent.networkCapabilities));
                 }
             } catch (Exception e) {
@@ -5600,26 +6030,25 @@
         if (!networkAgent.everConnected && state == NetworkInfo.State.CONNECTED) {
             networkAgent.everConnected = true;
 
-            handlePerNetworkPrivateDnsConfig(networkAgent, mDnsManager.getPrivateDnsConfig());
-            updateLinkProperties(networkAgent, null);
-            notifyIfacesChangedForNetworkStats();
-
-            networkAgent.networkMonitor.sendMessage(NetworkMonitor.CMD_NETWORK_CONNECTED);
-            scheduleUnvalidatedPrompt(networkAgent);
-
-            if (networkAgent.isVPN()) {
-                // Temporarily disable the default proxy (not global).
-                synchronized (mProxyLock) {
-                    if (!mDefaultProxyDisabled) {
-                        mDefaultProxyDisabled = true;
-                        if (mGlobalProxy == null && mDefaultProxy != null) {
-                            sendProxyBroadcast(null);
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-                // TODO: support proxy per network.
+            if (networkAgent.linkProperties == null) {
+                Slog.wtf(TAG, networkAgent.name() + " connected with null LinkProperties");
             }
 
+            handlePerNetworkPrivateDnsConfig(networkAgent, mDnsManager.getPrivateDnsConfig());
+            updateLinkProperties(networkAgent, new LinkProperties(networkAgent.linkProperties),
+                    null);
+
+            // Until parceled LinkProperties are sent directly to NetworkMonitor, the connect
+            // command must be sent after updating LinkProperties to maximize chances of
+            // NetworkMonitor seeing the correct LinkProperties when starting.
+            // TODO: pass LinkProperties to the NetworkMonitor in the notifyNetworkConnected call.
+            try {
+                networkAgent.networkMonitor().notifyNetworkConnected();
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
+            }
+            scheduleUnvalidatedPrompt(networkAgent);
+
             // Whether a particular NetworkRequest listen should cause signal strength thresholds to
             // be communicated to a particular NetworkAgent depends only on the network's immutable,
             // capabilities, so it only needs to be done once on initial connect, not every time the
@@ -5638,20 +6067,19 @@
         } else if (state == NetworkInfo.State.DISCONNECTED) {
             networkAgent.asyncChannel.disconnect();
             if (networkAgent.isVPN()) {
-                synchronized (mProxyLock) {
-                    if (mDefaultProxyDisabled) {
-                        mDefaultProxyDisabled = false;
-                        if (mGlobalProxy == null && mDefaultProxy != null) {
-                            sendProxyBroadcast(mDefaultProxy);
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
                 updateUids(networkAgent, networkAgent.networkCapabilities, null);
             }
             disconnectAndDestroyNetwork(networkAgent);
+            if (networkAgent.isVPN()) {
+                // As the active or bound network changes for apps, broadcast the default proxy, as
+                // apps may need to update their proxy data. This is called after disconnecting from
+                // VPN to make sure we do not broadcast the old proxy data.
+                // TODO(b/122649188): send the broadcast only to VPN users.
+                mProxyTracker.sendProxyBroadcast();
+            }
         } else if ((oldInfo != null && oldInfo.getState() == NetworkInfo.State.SUSPENDED) ||
                 state == NetworkInfo.State.SUSPENDED) {
-            // going into or coming out of SUSPEND: rescore and notify
+            // going into or coming out of SUSPEND: re-score and notify
             if (networkAgent.getCurrentScore() != oldScore) {
                 rematchAllNetworksAndRequests(networkAgent, oldScore);
             }
@@ -5667,7 +6095,7 @@
     }
 
     private void updateNetworkScore(NetworkAgentInfo nai, int score) {
-        if (VDBG) log("updateNetworkScore for " + nai.name() + " to " + score);
+        if (VDBG || DDBG) log("updateNetworkScore for " + nai.name() + " to " + score);
         if (score < 0) {
             loge("updateNetworkScore for " + nai.name() + " got a negative score (" + score +
                     ").  Bumping score to min of 0");
@@ -5694,7 +6122,76 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        callCallbackForRequest(nri, nai, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_AVAILABLE, 0);
+        final boolean metered = nai.networkCapabilities.isMetered();
+        final boolean blocked = isUidNetworkingWithVpnBlocked(nri.mUid, mUidRules.get(nri.mUid),
+                metered, mRestrictBackground);
+        callCallbackForRequest(nri, nai, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_AVAILABLE, blocked ? 1 : 0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notify of the blocked state apps with a registered callback matching a given NAI.
+     *
+     * Unlike other callbacks, blocked status is different between each individual uid. So for
+     * any given nai, all requests need to be considered according to the uid who filed it.
+     *
+     * @param nai The target NetworkAgentInfo.
+     * @param oldMetered True if the previous network capabilities is metered.
+     * @param newRestrictBackground True if data saver is enabled.
+     */
+    private void maybeNotifyNetworkBlocked(NetworkAgentInfo nai, boolean oldMetered,
+            boolean newMetered, boolean oldRestrictBackground, boolean newRestrictBackground) {
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < nai.numNetworkRequests(); i++) {
+            NetworkRequest nr = nai.requestAt(i);
+            NetworkRequestInfo nri = mNetworkRequests.get(nr);
+            final int uidRules = mUidRules.get(nri.mUid);
+            final boolean oldBlocked, newBlocked;
+            // mVpns lock needs to be hold here to ensure that the active VPN cannot be changed
+            // between these two calls.
+            synchronized (mVpns) {
+                oldBlocked = isUidNetworkingWithVpnBlocked(nri.mUid, uidRules, oldMetered,
+                        oldRestrictBackground);
+                newBlocked = isUidNetworkingWithVpnBlocked(nri.mUid, uidRules, newMetered,
+                        newRestrictBackground);
+            }
+            if (oldBlocked != newBlocked) {
+                callCallbackForRequest(nri, nai, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_BLK_CHANGED,
+                        encodeBool(newBlocked));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Notify apps with a given UID of the new blocked state according to new uid rules.
+     * @param uid The uid for which the rules changed.
+     * @param newRules The new rules to apply.
+     */
+    private void maybeNotifyNetworkBlockedForNewUidRules(int uid, int newRules) {
+        for (final NetworkAgentInfo nai : mNetworkAgentInfos.values()) {
+            final boolean metered = nai.networkCapabilities.isMetered();
+            final boolean oldBlocked, newBlocked;
+            // TODO: Consider that doze mode or turn on/off battery saver would deliver lots of uid
+            // rules changed event. And this function actually loop through all connected nai and
+            // its requests. It seems that mVpns lock will be grabbed frequently in this case.
+            // Reduce the number of locking or optimize the use of lock are likely needed in future.
+            synchronized (mVpns) {
+                oldBlocked = isUidNetworkingWithVpnBlocked(
+                        uid, mUidRules.get(uid), metered, mRestrictBackground);
+                newBlocked = isUidNetworkingWithVpnBlocked(
+                        uid, newRules, metered, mRestrictBackground);
+            }
+            if (oldBlocked == newBlocked) {
+                return;
+            }
+            final int arg = encodeBool(newBlocked);
+            for (int i = 0; i < nai.numNetworkRequests(); i++) {
+                NetworkRequest nr = nai.requestAt(i);
+                NetworkRequestInfo nri = mNetworkRequests.get(nr);
+                if (nri != null && nri.mUid == uid) {
+                    callCallbackForRequest(nri, nai, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_BLK_CHANGED, arg);
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     private void sendLegacyNetworkBroadcast(NetworkAgentInfo nai, DetailedState state, int type) {
@@ -5744,7 +6241,7 @@
     }
 
     protected void notifyNetworkCallbacks(NetworkAgentInfo networkAgent, int notifyType, int arg1) {
-        if (VDBG) {
+        if (VDBG || DDBG) {
             String notification = ConnectivityManager.getCallbackName(notifyType);
             log("notifyType " + notification + " for " + networkAgent.name());
         }
@@ -5830,7 +6327,7 @@
     @Override
     public String getCaptivePortalServerUrl() {
         enforceConnectivityInternalPermission();
-        return NetworkMonitor.getCaptivePortalServerHttpUrl(mContext);
+        return NetworkMonitorUtils.getCaptivePortalServerHttpUrl(mContext);
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -5840,13 +6337,32 @@
         mKeepaliveTracker.startNattKeepalive(
                 getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network),
                 intervalSeconds, messenger, binder,
-                srcAddr, srcPort, dstAddr, ConnectivityManager.PacketKeepalive.NATT_PORT);
+                srcAddr, srcPort, dstAddr, NattSocketKeepalive.NATT_PORT);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void startNattKeepaliveWithFd(Network network, FileDescriptor fd, int resourceId,
+            int intervalSeconds, Messenger messenger, IBinder binder, String srcAddr,
+            String dstAddr) {
+        enforceKeepalivePermission();
+        mKeepaliveTracker.startNattKeepalive(
+                getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network), fd, resourceId,
+                intervalSeconds, messenger, binder,
+                srcAddr, dstAddr, NattSocketKeepalive.NATT_PORT);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void startTcpKeepalive(Network network, FileDescriptor fd, int intervalSeconds,
+            Messenger messenger, IBinder binder) {
+        enforceKeepalivePermission();
+        mKeepaliveTracker.startTcpKeepalive(
+                getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network), fd, intervalSeconds, messenger, binder);
     }
 
     @Override
     public void stopKeepalive(Network network, int slot) {
         mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage(
-                NetworkAgent.CMD_STOP_PACKET_KEEPALIVE, slot, PacketKeepalive.SUCCESS, network));
+                NetworkAgent.CMD_STOP_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE, slot, SocketKeepalive.SUCCESS, network));
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -5875,7 +6391,7 @@
             synchronized (mVpns) {
                 final String alwaysOnPackage = getAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId);
                 if (alwaysOnPackage != null) {
-                    setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId, null, false);
+                    setAlwaysOnVpnPackage(userId, null, false, null);
                     setVpnPackageAuthorization(alwaysOnPackage, userId, false);
                 }
 
@@ -5923,12 +6439,6 @@
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
-    public NetworkMonitor createNetworkMonitor(Context context, Handler handler,
-            NetworkAgentInfo nai, NetworkRequest defaultRequest) {
-        return new NetworkMonitor(context, handler, nai, defaultRequest);
-    }
-
-    @VisibleForTesting
     MultinetworkPolicyTracker createMultinetworkPolicyTracker(Context c, Handler h, Runnable r) {
         return new MultinetworkPolicyTracker(c, h, r);
     }
@@ -6018,4 +6528,75 @@
             pw.println("    Get airplane mode.");
         }
     }
+
+    @GuardedBy("mVpns")
+    private Vpn getVpnIfOwner() {
+        final int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
+        final int user = UserHandle.getUserId(uid);
+
+        final Vpn vpn = mVpns.get(user);
+        if (vpn == null) {
+            return null;
+        } else {
+            final VpnInfo info = vpn.getVpnInfo();
+            return (info == null || info.ownerUid != uid) ? null : vpn;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Caller either needs to be an active VPN, or hold the NETWORK_STACK permission
+     * for testing.
+     */
+    private Vpn enforceActiveVpnOrNetworkStackPermission() {
+        if (checkNetworkStackPermission()) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        synchronized (mVpns) {
+            Vpn vpn = getVpnIfOwner();
+            if (vpn != null) {
+                return vpn;
+            }
+        }
+        throw new SecurityException("App must either be an active VPN or have the NETWORK_STACK "
+                + "permission");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param connectionInfo the connection to resolve.
+     * @return {@code uid} if the connection is found and the app has permission to observe it
+     * (e.g., if it is associated with the calling VPN app's tunnel) or {@code INVALID_UID} if the
+     * connection is not found.
+     */
+    public int getConnectionOwnerUid(ConnectionInfo connectionInfo) {
+        final Vpn vpn = enforceActiveVpnOrNetworkStackPermission();
+        if (connectionInfo.protocol != IPPROTO_TCP && connectionInfo.protocol != IPPROTO_UDP) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported protocol " + connectionInfo.protocol);
+        }
+
+        final int uid = InetDiagMessage.getConnectionOwnerUid(connectionInfo.protocol,
+                connectionInfo.local, connectionInfo.remote);
+
+        /* Filter out Uids not associated with the VPN. */
+        if (vpn != null && !vpn.appliesToUid(uid)) {
+            return INVALID_UID;
+        }
+
+        return uid;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isCallerCurrentAlwaysOnVpnApp() {
+        synchronized (mVpns) {
+            Vpn vpn = getVpnIfOwner();
+            return vpn != null && vpn.getAlwaysOn();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isCallerCurrentAlwaysOnVpnLockdownApp() {
+        synchronized (mVpns) {
+            Vpn vpn = getVpnIfOwner();
+            return vpn != null && vpn.getLockdown();
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java
index c0beb37..d8bb635 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManager.java
@@ -18,10 +18,9 @@
 
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_DEFAULT_MODE_FALLBACK;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OFF;
-import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OPPORTUNISTIC;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_PROVIDER_HOSTNAME;
-import static android.provider.Settings.Global.DNS_RESOLVER_MIN_SAMPLES;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.DNS_RESOLVER_MAX_SAMPLES;
+import static android.provider.Settings.Global.DNS_RESOLVER_MIN_SAMPLES;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.DNS_RESOLVER_SAMPLE_VALIDITY_SECONDS;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.DNS_RESOLVER_SUCCESS_THRESHOLD_PERCENT;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.PRIVATE_DNS_DEFAULT_MODE;
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkUtils;
 import android.net.Uri;
-import android.net.dns.ResolvUtil;
+import android.net.shared.PrivateDnsConfig;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
 import android.os.UserHandle;
@@ -44,10 +43,7 @@
 import android.util.Pair;
 import android.util.Slog;
 
-import com.android.server.connectivity.MockableSystemProperties;
-
 import java.net.InetAddress;
-import java.net.UnknownHostException;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
@@ -55,10 +51,8 @@
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.Map;
-import java.util.Objects;
-import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import java.util.Set;
-import java.util.StringJoiner;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
 
 /**
@@ -124,43 +118,6 @@
     private static final int DNS_RESOLVER_DEFAULT_MIN_SAMPLES = 8;
     private static final int DNS_RESOLVER_DEFAULT_MAX_SAMPLES = 64;
 
-    public static class PrivateDnsConfig {
-        public final boolean useTls;
-        public final String hostname;
-        public final InetAddress[] ips;
-
-        public PrivateDnsConfig() {
-            this(false);
-        }
-
-        public PrivateDnsConfig(boolean useTls) {
-            this.useTls = useTls;
-            this.hostname = "";
-            this.ips = new InetAddress[0];
-        }
-
-        public PrivateDnsConfig(String hostname, InetAddress[] ips) {
-            this.useTls = !TextUtils.isEmpty(hostname);
-            this.hostname = useTls ? hostname : "";
-            this.ips = (ips != null) ? ips : new InetAddress[0];
-        }
-
-        public PrivateDnsConfig(PrivateDnsConfig cfg) {
-            useTls = cfg.useTls;
-            hostname = cfg.hostname;
-            ips = cfg.ips;
-        }
-
-        public boolean inStrictMode() {
-            return useTls && !TextUtils.isEmpty(hostname);
-        }
-
-        public String toString() {
-            return PrivateDnsConfig.class.getSimpleName() +
-                    "{" + useTls + ":" + hostname + "/" + Arrays.toString(ips) + "}";
-        }
-    }
-
     public static PrivateDnsConfig getPrivateDnsConfig(ContentResolver cr) {
         final String mode = getPrivateDnsMode(cr);
 
@@ -174,15 +131,6 @@
         return new PrivateDnsConfig(useTls);
     }
 
-    public static PrivateDnsConfig tryBlockingResolveOf(Network network, String name) {
-        try {
-            final InetAddress[] ips = ResolvUtil.blockingResolveAllLocally(network, name);
-            return new PrivateDnsConfig(name, ips);
-        } catch (UnknownHostException uhe) {
-            return new PrivateDnsConfig(name, null);
-        }
-    }
-
     public static Uri[] getPrivateDnsSettingsUris() {
         return new Uri[]{
             Settings.Global.getUriFor(PRIVATE_DNS_DEFAULT_MODE),
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/KeepaliveTracker.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/KeepaliveTracker.java
index 0f8fc17..6cff57d 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/KeepaliveTracker.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/KeepaliveTracker.java
@@ -16,46 +16,61 @@
 
 package com.android.server.connectivity;
 
-import com.android.internal.util.HexDump;
-import com.android.internal.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
-import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkAgentInfo;
-import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
-import android.net.ConnectivityManager.PacketKeepalive;
+import static android.net.NattSocketKeepalive.NATT_PORT;
+import static android.net.NetworkAgent.CMD_ADD_KEEPALIVE_PACKET_FILTER;
+import static android.net.NetworkAgent.CMD_REMOVE_KEEPALIVE_PACKET_FILTER;
+import static android.net.NetworkAgent.CMD_START_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE;
+import static android.net.NetworkAgent.CMD_STOP_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE;
+import static android.net.NetworkAgent.EVENT_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.BINDER_DIED;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_INTERVAL;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_NETWORK;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.MAX_INTERVAL_SEC;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.MIN_INTERVAL_SEC;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.NO_KEEPALIVE;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.SUCCESS;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
 import android.net.KeepalivePacketData;
-import android.net.LinkAddress;
+import android.net.NattKeepalivePacketData;
 import android.net.NetworkAgent;
 import android.net.NetworkUtils;
+import android.net.SocketKeepalive.InvalidPacketException;
+import android.net.SocketKeepalive.InvalidSocketException;
+import android.net.TcpKeepalivePacketData;
+import android.net.TcpKeepalivePacketData.TcpSocketInfo;
 import android.net.util.IpUtils;
 import android.os.Binder;
-import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.IBinder;
 import android.os.Message;
 import android.os.Messenger;
 import android.os.Process;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
-import android.system.OsConstants;
+import android.system.ErrnoException;
+import android.system.Os;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.util.Pair;
 
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
-import java.nio.ByteOrder;
-import java.net.Inet4Address;
-import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import com.android.internal.util.HexDump;
+import com.android.internal.util.IndentingPrintWriter;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.SocketAddress;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.HashMap;
 
-import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PacketKeepalive.*;
-import static android.net.NetworkAgent.CMD_START_PACKET_KEEPALIVE;
-import static android.net.NetworkAgent.CMD_STOP_PACKET_KEEPALIVE;
-import static android.net.NetworkAgent.EVENT_PACKET_KEEPALIVE;
-
 /**
- * Manages packet keepalive requests.
+ * Manages socket keepalive requests.
  *
  * Provides methods to stop and start keepalive requests, and keeps track of keepalives across all
  * networks. This class is tightly coupled to ConnectivityService. It is not thread-safe and its
- * methods must be called only from the ConnectivityService handler thread.
+ * handle* methods must be called only from the ConnectivityService handler thread.
  */
 public class KeepaliveTracker {
 
@@ -68,38 +83,54 @@
     private final HashMap <NetworkAgentInfo, HashMap<Integer, KeepaliveInfo>> mKeepalives =
             new HashMap<> ();
     private final Handler mConnectivityServiceHandler;
+    @NonNull
+    private final TcpKeepaliveController mTcpController;
 
     public KeepaliveTracker(Handler handler) {
         mConnectivityServiceHandler = handler;
+        mTcpController = new TcpKeepaliveController(handler);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Tracks information about a packet keepalive.
+     * Tracks information about a socket keepalive.
      *
      * All information about this keepalive is known at construction time except the slot number,
      * which is only returned when the hardware has successfully started the keepalive.
      */
     class KeepaliveInfo implements IBinder.DeathRecipient {
-        // Bookkeping data.
+        // Bookkeeping data.
         private final Messenger mMessenger;
         private final IBinder mBinder;
         private final int mUid;
         private final int mPid;
         private final NetworkAgentInfo mNai;
+        private final int mType;
+        private final FileDescriptor mFd;
 
-        /** Keepalive slot. A small integer that identifies this keepalive among the ones handled
-          * by this network. */
-        private int mSlot = PacketKeepalive.NO_KEEPALIVE;
+        public static final int TYPE_NATT = 1;
+        public static final int TYPE_TCP = 2;
+
+        // Keepalive slot. A small integer that identifies this keepalive among the ones handled
+        // by this network.
+        private int mSlot = NO_KEEPALIVE;
 
         // Packet data.
         private final KeepalivePacketData mPacket;
         private final int mInterval;
 
-        // Whether the keepalive is started or not.
-        public boolean isStarted;
+        // Whether the keepalive is started or not. The initial state is NOT_STARTED.
+        private static final int NOT_STARTED = 1;
+        private static final int STARTING = 2;
+        private static final int STARTED = 3;
+        private int mStartedState = NOT_STARTED;
 
-        public KeepaliveInfo(Messenger messenger, IBinder binder, NetworkAgentInfo nai,
-                KeepalivePacketData packet, int interval) {
+        KeepaliveInfo(@NonNull Messenger messenger,
+                @NonNull IBinder binder,
+                @NonNull NetworkAgentInfo nai,
+                @NonNull KeepalivePacketData packet,
+                int interval,
+                int type,
+                @NonNull FileDescriptor fd) {
             mMessenger = messenger;
             mBinder = binder;
             mPid = Binder.getCallingPid();
@@ -108,6 +139,8 @@
             mNai = nai;
             mPacket = packet;
             mInterval = interval;
+            mType = type;
+            mFd = fd;
 
             try {
                 mBinder.linkToDeath(this, 0);
@@ -120,32 +153,40 @@
             return mNai;
         }
 
-        public String toString() {
-            return new StringBuffer("KeepaliveInfo [")
-                    .append(" network=").append(mNai.network)
-                    .append(" isStarted=").append(isStarted)
-                    .append(" ")
-                    .append(IpUtils.addressAndPortToString(mPacket.srcAddress, mPacket.srcPort))
-                    .append("->")
-                    .append(IpUtils.addressAndPortToString(mPacket.dstAddress, mPacket.dstPort))
-                    .append(" interval=" + mInterval)
-                    .append(" packetData=" + HexDump.toHexString(mPacket.getPacket()))
-                    .append(" uid=").append(mUid).append(" pid=").append(mPid)
-                    .append(" ]")
-                    .toString();
+        private String startedStateString(final int state) {
+            switch (state) {
+                case NOT_STARTED : return "NOT_STARTED";
+                case STARTING : return "STARTING";
+                case STARTED : return "STARTED";
+            }
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown state");
         }
 
-        /** Sends a message back to the application via its PacketKeepalive.Callback. */
+        public String toString() {
+            return "KeepaliveInfo ["
+                    + " network=" + mNai.network
+                    + " startedState=" + startedStateString(mStartedState)
+                    + " "
+                    + IpUtils.addressAndPortToString(mPacket.srcAddress, mPacket.srcPort)
+                    + "->"
+                    + IpUtils.addressAndPortToString(mPacket.dstAddress, mPacket.dstPort)
+                    + " interval=" + mInterval
+                    + " uid=" + mUid + " pid=" + mPid
+                    + " packetData=" + HexDump.toHexString(mPacket.getPacket())
+                    + " ]";
+        }
+
+        /** Sends a message back to the application via its SocketKeepalive.Callback. */
         void notifyMessenger(int slot, int err) {
+            if (DBG) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "notify keepalive " + mSlot + " on " + mNai.network + " for " + err);
+            }
             KeepaliveTracker.this.notifyMessenger(mMessenger, slot, err);
         }
 
         /** Called when the application process is killed. */
         public void binderDied() {
-            // Not called from ConnectivityService handler thread, so send it a message.
-            mConnectivityServiceHandler.obtainMessage(
-                    NetworkAgent.CMD_STOP_PACKET_KEEPALIVE,
-                    mSlot, PacketKeepalive.BINDER_DIED, mNai.network).sendToTarget();
+            stop(BINDER_DIED);
         }
 
         void unlinkDeathRecipient() {
@@ -172,7 +213,10 @@
         }
 
         private int checkInterval() {
-            return mInterval >= MIN_INTERVAL ? SUCCESS : ERROR_INVALID_INTERVAL;
+            if (mInterval < MIN_INTERVAL_SEC || mInterval > MAX_INTERVAL_SEC) {
+                return ERROR_INVALID_INTERVAL;
+            }
+            return SUCCESS;
         }
 
         private int isValid() {
@@ -185,13 +229,32 @@
         }
 
         void start(int slot) {
+            mSlot = slot;
             int error = isValid();
             if (error == SUCCESS) {
-                mSlot = slot;
                 Log.d(TAG, "Starting keepalive " + mSlot + " on " + mNai.name());
-                mNai.asyncChannel.sendMessage(CMD_START_PACKET_KEEPALIVE, slot, mInterval, mPacket);
+                switch (mType) {
+                    case TYPE_NATT:
+                        mNai.asyncChannel
+                                .sendMessage(CMD_START_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE, slot, mInterval, mPacket);
+                        break;
+                    case TYPE_TCP:
+                        mTcpController.startSocketMonitor(mFd, this, mSlot);
+                        mNai.asyncChannel
+                                .sendMessage(CMD_ADD_KEEPALIVE_PACKET_FILTER, slot, 0 /* Unused */,
+                                        mPacket);
+                        // TODO: check result from apf and notify of failure as needed.
+                        mNai.asyncChannel
+                                .sendMessage(CMD_START_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE, slot, mInterval, mPacket);
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        Log.wtf(TAG, "Starting keepalive with unknown type: " + mType);
+                        handleStopKeepalive(mNai, mSlot, error);
+                        return;
+                }
+                mStartedState = STARTING;
             } else {
-                notifyMessenger(NO_KEEPALIVE, error);
+                handleStopKeepalive(mNai, mSlot, error);
                 return;
             }
         }
@@ -203,20 +266,32 @@
                     Log.e(TAG, "Cannot stop unowned keepalive " + mSlot + " on " + mNai.network);
                 }
             }
-            if (isStarted) {
+            if (NOT_STARTED != mStartedState) {
                 Log.d(TAG, "Stopping keepalive " + mSlot + " on " + mNai.name());
-                mNai.asyncChannel.sendMessage(CMD_STOP_PACKET_KEEPALIVE, mSlot);
+                if (mType == TYPE_NATT) {
+                    mNai.asyncChannel.sendMessage(CMD_STOP_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE, mSlot);
+                } else if (mType == TYPE_TCP) {
+                    mNai.asyncChannel.sendMessage(CMD_STOP_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE, mSlot);
+                    mNai.asyncChannel.sendMessage(CMD_REMOVE_KEEPALIVE_PACKET_FILTER, mSlot);
+                    mTcpController.stopSocketMonitor(mSlot);
+                } else {
+                    Log.wtf(TAG, "Stopping keepalive with unknown type: " + mType);
+                }
             }
             // TODO: at the moment we unconditionally return failure here. In cases where the
             // NetworkAgent is alive, should we ask it to reply, so it can return failure?
             notifyMessenger(mSlot, reason);
             unlinkDeathRecipient();
         }
+
+        void onFileDescriptorInitiatedStop(final int socketKeepaliveReason) {
+            handleStopKeepalive(mNai, mSlot, socketKeepaliveReason);
+        }
     }
 
     void notifyMessenger(Messenger messenger, int slot, int err) {
         Message message = Message.obtain();
-        message.what = EVENT_PACKET_KEEPALIVE;
+        message.what = EVENT_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE;
         message.arg1 = slot;
         message.arg2 = err;
         message.obj = null;
@@ -277,6 +352,7 @@
             return;
         }
         ki.stop(reason);
+        Log.d(TAG, "Stopped keepalive " + slot + " on " + networkName);
         networkKeepalives.remove(slot);
         if (networkKeepalives.isEmpty()) {
             mKeepalives.remove(nai);
@@ -299,7 +375,9 @@
         }
     }
 
-    public void handleEventPacketKeepalive(NetworkAgentInfo nai, Message message) {
+    /** Handle keepalive events from lower layer. */
+    public void handleEventSocketKeepalive(@NonNull NetworkAgentInfo nai,
+            @NonNull Message message) {
         int slot = message.arg1;
         int reason = message.arg2;
 
@@ -312,25 +390,53 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        if (reason == SUCCESS && !ki.isStarted) {
+        // This can be called in a number of situations :
+        // - startedState is STARTING.
+        //   - reason is SUCCESS => go to STARTED.
+        //   - reason isn't SUCCESS => it's an error starting. Go to NOT_STARTED and stop keepalive.
+        // - startedState is STARTED.
+        //   - reason is SUCCESS => it's a success stopping. Go to NOT_STARTED and stop keepalive.
+        //   - reason isn't SUCCESS => it's an error in exec. Go to NOT_STARTED and stop keepalive.
+        // The control is not supposed to ever come here if the state is NOT_STARTED. This is
+        // because in NOT_STARTED state, the code will switch to STARTING before sending messages
+        // to start, and the only way to NOT_STARTED is this function, through the edges outlined
+        // above : in all cases, keepalive gets stopped and can't restart without going into
+        // STARTING as messages are ordered. This also depends on the hardware processing the
+        // messages in order.
+        // TODO : clarify this code and get rid of mStartedState. Using a StateMachine is an
+        // option.
+        if (reason == SUCCESS && KeepaliveInfo.STARTING == ki.mStartedState) {
             // Keepalive successfully started.
             if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Started keepalive " + slot + " on " + nai.name());
-            ki.isStarted = true;
+            ki.mStartedState = KeepaliveInfo.STARTED;
             ki.notifyMessenger(slot, reason);
         } else {
             // Keepalive successfully stopped, or error.
-            ki.isStarted = false;
+            ki.mStartedState = KeepaliveInfo.NOT_STARTED;
             if (reason == SUCCESS) {
+                // The message indicated success stopping : don't call handleStopKeepalive.
                 if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Successfully stopped keepalive " + slot + " on " + nai.name());
             } else {
+                // The message indicated some error trying to start or during the course of
+                // keepalive : do call handleStopKeepalive.
+                handleStopKeepalive(nai, slot, reason);
                 if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Keepalive " + slot + " on " + nai.name() + " error " + reason);
             }
-            handleStopKeepalive(nai, slot, reason);
         }
     }
 
-    public void startNattKeepalive(NetworkAgentInfo nai, int intervalSeconds, Messenger messenger,
-            IBinder binder, String srcAddrString, int srcPort, String dstAddrString, int dstPort) {
+    /**
+     * Called when requesting that keepalives be started on a IPsec NAT-T socket. See
+     * {@link android.net.SocketKeepalive}.
+     **/
+    public void startNattKeepalive(@Nullable NetworkAgentInfo nai,
+            int intervalSeconds,
+            @NonNull Messenger messenger,
+            @NonNull IBinder binder,
+            @NonNull String srcAddrString,
+            int srcPort,
+            @NonNull String dstAddrString,
+            int dstPort) {
         if (nai == null) {
             notifyMessenger(messenger, NO_KEEPALIVE, ERROR_INVALID_NETWORK);
             return;
@@ -347,20 +453,109 @@
 
         KeepalivePacketData packet;
         try {
-            packet = KeepalivePacketData.nattKeepalivePacket(
+            packet = NattKeepalivePacketData.nattKeepalivePacket(
                     srcAddress, srcPort, dstAddress, NATT_PORT);
-        } catch (KeepalivePacketData.InvalidPacketException e) {
+        } catch (InvalidPacketException e) {
             notifyMessenger(messenger, NO_KEEPALIVE, e.error);
             return;
         }
-        KeepaliveInfo ki = new KeepaliveInfo(messenger, binder, nai, packet, intervalSeconds);
-        Log.d(TAG, "Created keepalive: " + ki.toString());
+        KeepaliveInfo ki = new KeepaliveInfo(messenger, binder, nai, packet, intervalSeconds,
+                KeepaliveInfo.TYPE_NATT, null);
         mConnectivityServiceHandler.obtainMessage(
-                NetworkAgent.CMD_START_PACKET_KEEPALIVE, ki).sendToTarget();
+                NetworkAgent.CMD_START_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE, ki).sendToTarget();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called by ConnectivityService to start TCP keepalive on a file descriptor.
+     *
+     * In order to offload keepalive for application correctly, sequence number, ack number and
+     * other fields are needed to form the keepalive packet. Thus, this function synchronously
+     * puts the socket into repair mode to get the necessary information. After the socket has been
+     * put into repair mode, the application cannot access the socket until reverted to normal.
+     *
+     * See {@link android.net.SocketKeepalive}.
+     **/
+    public void startTcpKeepalive(@Nullable NetworkAgentInfo nai,
+            @NonNull FileDescriptor fd,
+            int intervalSeconds,
+            @NonNull Messenger messenger,
+            @NonNull IBinder binder) {
+        if (nai == null) {
+            notifyMessenger(messenger, NO_KEEPALIVE, ERROR_INVALID_NETWORK);
+            return;
+        }
+
+        TcpKeepalivePacketData packet = null;
+        try {
+            TcpSocketInfo tsi = TcpKeepaliveController.switchToRepairMode(fd);
+            packet = TcpKeepalivePacketData.tcpKeepalivePacket(tsi);
+        } catch (InvalidPacketException | InvalidSocketException e) {
+            try {
+                TcpKeepaliveController.switchOutOfRepairMode(fd);
+            } catch (ErrnoException e1) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Couldn't move fd out of repair mode after failure to start keepalive");
+            }
+            notifyMessenger(messenger, NO_KEEPALIVE, e.error);
+            return;
+        }
+        KeepaliveInfo ki = new KeepaliveInfo(messenger, binder, nai, packet, intervalSeconds,
+                KeepaliveInfo.TYPE_TCP, fd);
+        Log.d(TAG, "Created keepalive: " + ki.toString());
+        mConnectivityServiceHandler.obtainMessage(CMD_START_SOCKET_KEEPALIVE, ki).sendToTarget();
+    }
+
+   /**
+    * Called when requesting that keepalives be started on a IPsec NAT-T socket. This function is
+    * identical to {@link #startNattKeepalive}, but also takes a {@code resourceId}, which is the
+    * resource index bound to the {@link UdpEncapsulationSocket} when creating by
+    * {@link com.android.server.IpSecService} to verify whether the given
+    * {@link UdpEncapsulationSocket} is legitimate.
+    **/
+    public void startNattKeepalive(@Nullable NetworkAgentInfo nai,
+            @Nullable FileDescriptor fd,
+            int resourceId,
+            int intervalSeconds,
+            @NonNull Messenger messenger,
+            @NonNull IBinder binder,
+            @NonNull String srcAddrString,
+            @NonNull String dstAddrString,
+            int dstPort) {
+        // Ensure that the socket is created by IpSecService.
+        if (!isNattKeepaliveSocketValid(fd, resourceId)) {
+            notifyMessenger(messenger, NO_KEEPALIVE, ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET);
+        }
+
+        // Get src port to adopt old API.
+        int srcPort = 0;
+        try {
+            final SocketAddress srcSockAddr = Os.getsockname(fd);
+            srcPort = ((InetSocketAddress) srcSockAddr).getPort();
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            notifyMessenger(messenger, NO_KEEPALIVE, ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET);
+        }
+
+        // Forward request to old API.
+        startNattKeepalive(nai, intervalSeconds, messenger, binder, srcAddrString, srcPort,
+                dstAddrString, dstPort);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verify if the IPsec NAT-T file descriptor and resource Id hold for IPsec keepalive is valid.
+     **/
+    public static boolean isNattKeepaliveSocketValid(@Nullable FileDescriptor fd, int resourceId) {
+        // TODO: 1. confirm whether the fd is called from system api or created by IpSecService.
+        //       2. If the fd is created from the system api, check that it's bounded. And
+        //          call dup to keep the fd open.
+        //       3. If the fd is created from IpSecService, check if the resource ID is valid. And
+        //          hold the resource needed in IpSecService.
+        if (null == fd) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
     }
 
     public void dump(IndentingPrintWriter pw) {
-        pw.println("Packet keepalives:");
+        pw.println("Socket keepalives:");
         pw.increaseIndent();
         for (NetworkAgentInfo nai : mKeepalives.keySet()) {
             pw.println(nai.name());
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitor.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitor.java
index 635db19..929dfc4 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitor.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitor.java
@@ -90,6 +90,8 @@
         mNotifier = notifier;
         mDailyLimit = dailyLimit;
         mRateLimitMillis = rateLimitMillis;
+        // Ensure that (now - mLastNotificationMillis) >= rateLimitMillis at first
+        mLastNotificationMillis = -rateLimitMillis;
     }
 
     private static HashMap<String, Integer> makeTransportToNameMap() {
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464Xlat.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464Xlat.java
index f523d59..9d9b1cf 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464Xlat.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464Xlat.java
@@ -16,8 +16,9 @@
 
 package com.android.server.connectivity;
 
-import android.net.InterfaceConfiguration;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
+import android.net.INetd;
+import android.net.InterfaceConfiguration;
 import android.net.LinkAddress;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.NetworkInfo;
@@ -59,6 +60,7 @@
         NetworkInfo.State.SUSPENDED,
     };
 
+    private final INetd mNetd;
     private final INetworkManagementService mNMService;
 
     // The network we're running on, and its type.
@@ -76,7 +78,8 @@
     private String mIface;
     private State mState = State.IDLE;
 
-    public Nat464Xlat(INetworkManagementService nmService, NetworkAgentInfo nai) {
+    public Nat464Xlat(NetworkAgentInfo nai, INetd netd, INetworkManagementService nmService) {
+        mNetd = netd;
         mNMService = nmService;
         mNetwork = nai;
     }
@@ -93,7 +96,9 @@
         // We only run clat on networks that don't have a native IPv4 address.
         final boolean hasIPv4Address =
                 (nai.linkProperties != null) && nai.linkProperties.hasIPv4Address();
-        return supported && connected && !hasIPv4Address;
+        final boolean skip464xlat =
+                (nai.netMisc() != null) && nai.netMisc().skip464xlat;
+        return supported && connected && !hasIPv4Address && !skip464xlat;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -138,7 +143,7 @@
             return;
         }
         try {
-            mNMService.startClatd(baseIface);
+            mNetd.clatdStart(baseIface);
         } catch(RemoteException|IllegalStateException e) {
             Slog.e(TAG, "Error starting clatd on " + baseIface, e);
         }
@@ -160,7 +165,7 @@
      */
     private void enterStoppingState() {
         try {
-            mNMService.stopClatd(mBaseIface);
+            mNetd.clatdStop(mBaseIface);
         } catch(RemoteException|IllegalStateException e) {
             Slog.e(TAG, "Error stopping clatd on " + mBaseIface, e);
         }
@@ -202,7 +207,7 @@
             Slog.e(TAG, "startClat: Can't start clat on null interface");
             return;
         }
-        // TODO: should we only do this if mNMService.startClatd() succeeds?
+        // TODO: should we only do this if mNetd.clatdStart() succeeds?
         Slog.i(TAG, "Starting clatd on " + baseIface);
         enterStartingState(baseIface);
     }
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkAgentInfo.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkAgentInfo.java
index 505480e..d0cff25 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkAgentInfo.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkAgentInfo.java
@@ -16,9 +16,9 @@
 
 package com.android.server.connectivity;
 
-import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED;
-
 import android.content.Context;
+import android.net.INetd;
+import android.net.INetworkMonitor;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
 import android.os.Messenger;
-import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.util.Log;
 import android.util.SparseArray;
@@ -37,11 +36,8 @@
 import com.android.internal.util.AsyncChannel;
 import com.android.internal.util.WakeupMessage;
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityService;
-import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkMonitor;
 
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
-import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Comparator;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.SortedSet;
 import java.util.TreeSet;
@@ -126,7 +122,6 @@
     public LinkProperties linkProperties;
     // This should only be modified via ConnectivityService.updateCapabilities().
     public NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities;
-    public final NetworkMonitor networkMonitor;
     public final NetworkMisc networkMisc;
     // Indicates if netd has been told to create this Network. From this point on the appropriate
     // routing rules are setup and routes are added so packets can begin flowing over the Network.
@@ -157,6 +152,10 @@
     // Whether a captive portal was found during the last network validation attempt.
     public boolean lastCaptivePortalDetected;
 
+    // Indicates the user was notified of a successful captive portal login since a portal was
+    // last detected.
+    public boolean captivePortalLoginNotified;
+
     // Networks are lingered when they become unneeded as a result of their NetworkRequests being
     // satisfied by a higher-scoring network. so as to allow communication to wrap up before the
     // network is taken down.  This usually only happens to the default network. Lingering ends with
@@ -239,15 +238,21 @@
     // Used by ConnectivityService to keep track of 464xlat.
     public Nat464Xlat clatd;
 
+    // Set after asynchronous creation of the NetworkMonitor.
+    private volatile INetworkMonitor mNetworkMonitor;
+
     private static final String TAG = ConnectivityService.class.getSimpleName();
     private static final boolean VDBG = false;
     private final ConnectivityService mConnService;
+    private final INetd mNetd;
+    private final INetworkManagementService mNMS;
     private final Context mContext;
     private final Handler mHandler;
 
     public NetworkAgentInfo(Messenger messenger, AsyncChannel ac, Network net, NetworkInfo info,
             LinkProperties lp, NetworkCapabilities nc, int score, Context context, Handler handler,
-            NetworkMisc misc, NetworkRequest defaultRequest, ConnectivityService connService) {
+            NetworkMisc misc, ConnectivityService connService, INetd netd,
+            INetworkManagementService nms) {
         this.messenger = messenger;
         asyncChannel = ac;
         network = net;
@@ -256,16 +261,28 @@
         networkCapabilities = nc;
         currentScore = score;
         mConnService = connService;
+        mNetd = netd;
+        mNMS = nms;
         mContext = context;
         mHandler = handler;
-        networkMonitor = mConnService.createNetworkMonitor(context, handler, this, defaultRequest);
         networkMisc = misc;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Inform NetworkAgentInfo that a new NetworkMonitor was created.
+     */
+    public void onNetworkMonitorCreated(INetworkMonitor networkMonitor) {
+        mNetworkMonitor = networkMonitor;
+    }
+
     public ConnectivityService connService() {
         return mConnService;
     }
 
+    public NetworkMisc netMisc() {
+        return networkMisc;
+    }
+
     public Handler handler() {
         return mHandler;
     }
@@ -274,6 +291,15 @@
         return network;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Get the INetworkMonitor in this NetworkAgentInfo.
+     *
+     * <p>This will be null before {@link #onNetworkMonitorCreated(INetworkMonitor)} is called.
+     */
+    public INetworkMonitor networkMonitor() {
+        return mNetworkMonitor;
+    }
+
     // Functions for manipulating the requests satisfied by this network.
     //
     // These functions must only called on ConnectivityService's main thread.
@@ -571,18 +597,18 @@
 
     public void updateClat(INetworkManagementService netd) {
         if (Nat464Xlat.requiresClat(this)) {
-            maybeStartClat(netd);
+            maybeStartClat();
         } else {
             maybeStopClat();
         }
     }
 
     /** Ensure clat has started for this network. */
-    public void maybeStartClat(INetworkManagementService netd) {
+    public void maybeStartClat() {
         if (clatd != null && clatd.isStarted()) {
             return;
         }
-        clatd = new Nat464Xlat(netd, this);
+        clatd = new Nat464Xlat(this, mNetd, mNMS);
         clatd.start();
     }
 
@@ -596,18 +622,19 @@
     }
 
     public String toString() {
-        return "NetworkAgentInfo{ ni{" + networkInfo + "}  " +
-                "network{" + network + "}  nethandle{" + network.getNetworkHandle() + "}  " +
-                "lp{" + linkProperties + "}  " +
-                "nc{" + networkCapabilities + "}  Score{" + getCurrentScore() + "}  " +
-                "everValidated{" + everValidated + "}  lastValidated{" + lastValidated + "}  " +
-                "created{" + created + "} lingering{" + isLingering() + "} " +
-                "explicitlySelected{" + networkMisc.explicitlySelected + "} " +
-                "acceptUnvalidated{" + networkMisc.acceptUnvalidated + "} " +
-                "everCaptivePortalDetected{" + everCaptivePortalDetected + "} " +
-                "lastCaptivePortalDetected{" + lastCaptivePortalDetected + "} " +
-                "clat{" + clatd + "} " +
-                "}";
+        return "NetworkAgentInfo{ ni{" + networkInfo + "}  "
+                + "network{" + network + "}  nethandle{" + network.getNetworkHandle() + "}  "
+                + "lp{" + linkProperties + "}  "
+                + "nc{" + networkCapabilities + "}  Score{" + getCurrentScore() + "}  "
+                + "everValidated{" + everValidated + "}  lastValidated{" + lastValidated + "}  "
+                + "created{" + created + "} lingering{" + isLingering() + "} "
+                + "explicitlySelected{" + networkMisc.explicitlySelected + "} "
+                + "acceptUnvalidated{" + networkMisc.acceptUnvalidated + "} "
+                + "everCaptivePortalDetected{" + everCaptivePortalDetected + "} "
+                + "lastCaptivePortalDetected{" + lastCaptivePortalDetected + "} "
+                + "captivePortalLoginNotified{" + captivePortalLoginNotified + "} "
+                + "clat{" + clatd + "} "
+                + "}";
     }
 
     public String name() {
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManager.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManager.java
index 36a2476..b50477b 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManager.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManager.java
@@ -16,13 +16,16 @@
 
 package com.android.server.connectivity;
 
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI;
+
 import android.app.Notification;
 import android.app.NotificationManager;
 import android.app.PendingIntent;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
-import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo;
 import android.os.UserHandle;
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
@@ -31,15 +34,12 @@
 import android.util.SparseArray;
 import android.util.SparseIntArray;
 import android.widget.Toast;
+
 import com.android.internal.R;
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
 import com.android.internal.messages.nano.SystemMessageProto.SystemMessage;
 import com.android.internal.notification.SystemNotificationChannels;
 
-import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET;
-import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
-import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI;
-
 public class NetworkNotificationManager {
 
 
@@ -47,7 +47,8 @@
         LOST_INTERNET(SystemMessage.NOTE_NETWORK_LOST_INTERNET),
         NETWORK_SWITCH(SystemMessage.NOTE_NETWORK_SWITCH),
         NO_INTERNET(SystemMessage.NOTE_NETWORK_NO_INTERNET),
-        SIGN_IN(SystemMessage.NOTE_NETWORK_SIGN_IN);
+        SIGN_IN(SystemMessage.NOTE_NETWORK_SIGN_IN),
+        LOGGED_IN(SystemMessage.NOTE_NETWORK_LOGGED_IN);
 
         public final int eventId;
 
@@ -192,6 +193,9 @@
                     details = r.getString(R.string.network_available_sign_in_detailed, name);
                     break;
             }
+        } else if (notifyType == NotificationType.LOGGED_IN) {
+            title = WifiInfo.removeDoubleQuotes(nai.networkCapabilities.getSSID());
+            details = r.getString(R.string.captive_portal_logged_in_detailed);
         } else if (notifyType == NotificationType.NETWORK_SWITCH) {
             String fromTransport = getTransportName(transportType);
             String toTransport = getTransportName(getFirstTransportType(switchToNai));
@@ -239,6 +243,18 @@
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Clear the notification with the given id, only if it matches the given type.
+     */
+    public void clearNotification(int id, NotificationType notifyType) {
+        final int previousEventId = mNotificationTypeMap.get(id);
+        final NotificationType previousNotifyType = NotificationType.getFromId(previousEventId);
+        if (notifyType != previousNotifyType) {
+            return;
+        }
+        clearNotification(id);
+    }
+
     public void clearNotification(int id) {
         if (mNotificationTypeMap.indexOfKey(id) < 0) {
             return;
@@ -290,6 +306,10 @@
         return (t != null) ? t.name() : "UNKNOWN";
     }
 
+    /**
+     * A notification with a higher number will take priority over a notification with a lower
+     * number.
+     */
     private static int priority(NotificationType t) {
         if (t == null) {
             return 0;
@@ -302,6 +322,7 @@
             case NETWORK_SWITCH:
                 return 2;
             case LOST_INTERNET:
+            case LOGGED_IN:
                 return 1;
             default:
                 return 0;
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java
index e471c7d..420b23e 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitor.java
@@ -23,22 +23,22 @@
 import static android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM;
 import static android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo.FLAG_UPDATED_SYSTEM_APP;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS;
+import static android.os.Process.INVALID_UID;
+import static android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID;
 
-import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.content.Context;
-import android.content.Intent;
-import android.content.IntentFilter;
 import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;
 import android.content.pm.UserInfo;
 import android.net.Uri;
+import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
 import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.UserHandle;
 import android.os.UserManager;
-import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.Log;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
@@ -60,14 +60,14 @@
 public class PermissionMonitor {
     private static final String TAG = "PermissionMonitor";
     private static final boolean DBG = true;
-    private static final Boolean SYSTEM = Boolean.TRUE;
-    private static final Boolean NETWORK = Boolean.FALSE;
+    protected static final Boolean SYSTEM = Boolean.TRUE;
+    protected static final Boolean NETWORK = Boolean.FALSE;
+    private static final int VERSION_Q = Build.VERSION_CODES.Q;
 
     private final Context mContext;
     private final PackageManager mPackageManager;
     private final UserManager mUserManager;
     private final INetworkManagementService mNetd;
-    private final BroadcastReceiver mIntentReceiver;
 
     // Values are User IDs.
     private final Set<Integer> mUsers = new HashSet<>();
@@ -80,26 +80,6 @@
         mPackageManager = context.getPackageManager();
         mUserManager = UserManager.get(context);
         mNetd = netd;
-        mIntentReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
-            @Override
-            public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
-                String action = intent.getAction();
-                int user = intent.getIntExtra(Intent.EXTRA_USER_HANDLE, UserHandle.USER_NULL);
-                int appUid = intent.getIntExtra(Intent.EXTRA_UID, -1);
-                Uri appData = intent.getData();
-                String appName = appData != null ? appData.getSchemeSpecificPart() : null;
-
-                if (Intent.ACTION_USER_ADDED.equals(action)) {
-                    onUserAdded(user);
-                } else if (Intent.ACTION_USER_REMOVED.equals(action)) {
-                    onUserRemoved(user);
-                } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED.equals(action)) {
-                    onAppAdded(appName, appUid);
-                } else if (Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED.equals(action)) {
-                    onAppRemoved(appUid);
-                }
-            }
-        };
     }
 
     // Intended to be called only once at startup, after the system is ready. Installs a broadcast
@@ -107,17 +87,6 @@
     public synchronized void startMonitoring() {
         log("Monitoring");
 
-        IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
-        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_ADDED);
-        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_REMOVED);
-        mContext.registerReceiverAsUser(mIntentReceiver, UserHandle.ALL, intentFilter, null, null);
-
-        intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
-        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED);
-        intentFilter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED);
-        intentFilter.addDataScheme("package");
-        mContext.registerReceiverAsUser(mIntentReceiver, UserHandle.ALL, intentFilter, null, null);
-
         List<PackageInfo> apps = mPackageManager.getInstalledPackages(GET_PERMISSIONS);
         if (apps == null) {
             loge("No apps");
@@ -125,7 +94,7 @@
         }
 
         for (PackageInfo app : apps) {
-            int uid = app.applicationInfo != null ? app.applicationInfo.uid : -1;
+            int uid = app.applicationInfo != null ? app.applicationInfo.uid : INVALID_UID;
             if (uid < 0) {
                 continue;
             }
@@ -155,9 +124,13 @@
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
-    boolean isPreinstalledSystemApp(PackageInfo app) {
-        int flags = app.applicationInfo != null ? app.applicationInfo.flags : 0;
-        return (flags & (FLAG_SYSTEM | FLAG_UPDATED_SYSTEM_APP)) != 0;
+    static boolean isVendorApp(@NonNull ApplicationInfo appInfo) {
+        return appInfo.isVendor() || appInfo.isOem() || appInfo.isProduct();
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected int getDeviceFirstSdkInt() {
+        return Build.VERSION.FIRST_SDK_INT;
     }
 
     @VisibleForTesting
@@ -177,7 +150,20 @@
     }
 
     private boolean hasRestrictedNetworkPermission(PackageInfo app) {
-        if (isPreinstalledSystemApp(app)) return true;
+        // TODO : remove this check in the future(b/31479477). All apps should just
+        // request the appropriate permission for their use case since android Q.
+        if (app.applicationInfo != null) {
+            // Backward compatibility for b/114245686, on devices that launched before Q daemons
+            // and apps running as the system UID are exempted from this check.
+            if (app.applicationInfo.uid == SYSTEM_UID && getDeviceFirstSdkInt() < VERSION_Q) {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            if (app.applicationInfo.targetSdkVersion < VERSION_Q
+                    && isVendorApp(app.applicationInfo)) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
         return hasPermission(app, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL)
                 || hasPermission(app, CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS);
     }
@@ -186,13 +172,8 @@
         // This function defines what it means to hold the permission to use
         // background networks.
         return hasPermission(app, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE)
-                || hasPermission(app, CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS)
-                || hasPermission(app, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL)
                 || hasPermission(app, NETWORK_STACK)
-                // TODO : remove this check (b/31479477). Not all preinstalled apps should
-                // have access to background networks, they should just request the appropriate
-                // permission for their use case from the list above.
-                || isPreinstalledSystemApp(app);
+                || hasRestrictedNetworkPermission(app);
     }
 
     public boolean hasUseBackgroundNetworksPermission(int uid) {
@@ -243,7 +224,14 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private synchronized void onUserAdded(int user) {
+    /**
+     * Called when a user is added. See {link #ACTION_USER_ADDED}.
+     *
+     * @param user The integer userHandle of the added user. See {@link #EXTRA_USER_HANDLE}.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public synchronized void onUserAdded(int user) {
         if (user < 0) {
             loge("Invalid user in onUserAdded: " + user);
             return;
@@ -255,7 +243,14 @@
         update(users, mApps, true);
     }
 
-    private synchronized void onUserRemoved(int user) {
+    /**
+     * Called when an user is removed. See {link #ACTION_USER_REMOVED}.
+     *
+     * @param user The integer userHandle of the removed user. See {@link #EXTRA_USER_HANDLE}.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public synchronized void onUserRemoved(int user) {
         if (user < 0) {
             loge("Invalid user in onUserRemoved: " + user);
             return;
@@ -267,8 +262,8 @@
         update(users, mApps, false);
     }
 
-
-    private Boolean highestPermissionForUid(Boolean currentPermission, String name) {
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    protected Boolean highestPermissionForUid(Boolean currentPermission, String name) {
         if (currentPermission == SYSTEM) {
             return currentPermission;
         }
@@ -286,33 +281,39 @@
         return currentPermission;
     }
 
-    private synchronized void onAppAdded(String appName, int appUid) {
-        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(appName) || appUid < 0) {
-            loge("Invalid app in onAppAdded: " + appName + " | " + appUid);
-            return;
-        }
-
+    /**
+     * Called when a package is added. See {link #ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED}.
+     *
+     * @param packageName The name of the new package.
+     * @param uid The uid of the new package.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public synchronized void onPackageAdded(String packageName, int uid) {
         // If multiple packages share a UID (cf: android:sharedUserId) and ask for different
         // permissions, don't downgrade (i.e., if it's already SYSTEM, leave it as is).
-        final Boolean permission = highestPermissionForUid(mApps.get(appUid), appName);
-        if (permission != mApps.get(appUid)) {
-            mApps.put(appUid, permission);
+        final Boolean permission = highestPermissionForUid(mApps.get(uid), packageName);
+        if (permission != mApps.get(uid)) {
+            mApps.put(uid, permission);
 
             Map<Integer, Boolean> apps = new HashMap<>();
-            apps.put(appUid, permission);
+            apps.put(uid, permission);
             update(mUsers, apps, true);
         }
     }
 
-    private synchronized void onAppRemoved(int appUid) {
-        if (appUid < 0) {
-            loge("Invalid app in onAppRemoved: " + appUid);
-            return;
-        }
+    /**
+     * Called when a package is removed. See {link #ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED}.
+     *
+     * @param uid containing the integer uid previously assigned to the package.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    public synchronized void onPackageRemoved(int uid) {
         Map<Integer, Boolean> apps = new HashMap<>();
 
         Boolean permission = null;
-        String[] packages = mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(appUid);
+        String[] packages = mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(uid);
         if (packages != null && packages.length > 0) {
             for (String name : packages) {
                 permission = highestPermissionForUid(permission, name);
@@ -324,16 +325,16 @@
                 }
             }
         }
-        if (permission == mApps.get(appUid)) {
+        if (permission == mApps.get(uid)) {
             // The permissions of this UID have not changed. Nothing to do.
             return;
         } else if (permission != null) {
-            mApps.put(appUid, permission);
-            apps.put(appUid, permission);
+            mApps.put(uid, permission);
+            apps.put(uid, permission);
             update(mUsers, apps, true);
         } else {
-            mApps.remove(appUid);
-            apps.put(appUid, NETWORK);  // doesn't matter which permission we pick here
+            mApps.remove(uid);
+            apps.put(uid, NETWORK);  // doesn't matter which permission we pick here
             update(mUsers, apps, false);
         }
     }
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/ProxyTracker.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/ProxyTracker.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a671287
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/ProxyTracker.java
@@ -0,0 +1,312 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2018, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.connectivity;
+
+import static android.provider.Settings.Global.GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_EXCLUSION_LIST;
+import static android.provider.Settings.Global.GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_HOST;
+import static android.provider.Settings.Global.GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_PAC;
+import static android.provider.Settings.Global.GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_PORT;
+import static android.provider.Settings.Global.HTTP_PROXY;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.annotation.Nullable;
+import android.content.ContentResolver;
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.net.Proxy;
+import android.net.ProxyInfo;
+import android.net.Uri;
+import android.os.Binder;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.UserHandle;
+import android.provider.Settings;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.Slog;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+/**
+ * A class to handle proxy for ConnectivityService.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class ProxyTracker {
+    private static final String TAG = ProxyTracker.class.getSimpleName();
+    private static final boolean DBG = true;
+
+    @NonNull
+    private final Context mContext;
+
+    @NonNull
+    private final Object mProxyLock = new Object();
+    // The global proxy is the proxy that is set device-wide, overriding any network-specific
+    // proxy. Note however that proxies are hints ; the system does not enforce their use. Hence
+    // this value is only for querying.
+    @Nullable
+    @GuardedBy("mProxyLock")
+    private ProxyInfo mGlobalProxy = null;
+    // The default proxy is the proxy that applies to no particular network if the global proxy
+    // is not set. Individual networks have their own settings that override this. This member
+    // is set through setDefaultProxy, which is called when the default network changes proxies
+    // in its LinkProperties, or when ConnectivityService switches to a new default network, or
+    // when PacManager resolves the proxy.
+    @Nullable
+    @GuardedBy("mProxyLock")
+    private volatile ProxyInfo mDefaultProxy = null;
+    // Whether the default proxy is enabled.
+    @GuardedBy("mProxyLock")
+    private boolean mDefaultProxyEnabled = true;
+
+    // The object responsible for Proxy Auto Configuration (PAC).
+    @NonNull
+    private final PacManager mPacManager;
+
+    public ProxyTracker(@NonNull final Context context,
+            @NonNull final Handler connectivityServiceInternalHandler, final int pacChangedEvent) {
+        mContext = context;
+        mPacManager = new PacManager(context, connectivityServiceInternalHandler, pacChangedEvent);
+    }
+
+    // Convert empty ProxyInfo's to null as null-checks are used to determine if proxies are present
+    // (e.g. if mGlobalProxy==null fall back to network-specific proxy, if network-specific
+    // proxy is null then there is no proxy in place).
+    @Nullable
+    private static ProxyInfo canonicalizeProxyInfo(@Nullable final ProxyInfo proxy) {
+        if (proxy != null && TextUtils.isEmpty(proxy.getHost())
+                && Uri.EMPTY.equals(proxy.getPacFileUrl())) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return proxy;
+    }
+
+    // ProxyInfo equality functions with a couple modifications over ProxyInfo.equals() to make it
+    // better for determining if a new proxy broadcast is necessary:
+    // 1. Canonicalize empty ProxyInfos to null so an empty proxy compares equal to null so as to
+    //    avoid unnecessary broadcasts.
+    // 2. Make sure all parts of the ProxyInfo's compare true, including the host when a PAC URL
+    //    is in place.  This is important so legacy PAC resolver (see com.android.proxyhandler)
+    //    changes aren't missed.  The legacy PAC resolver pretends to be a simple HTTP proxy but
+    //    actually uses the PAC to resolve; this results in ProxyInfo's with PAC URL, host and port
+    //    all set.
+    public static boolean proxyInfoEqual(@Nullable final ProxyInfo a, @Nullable final ProxyInfo b) {
+        final ProxyInfo pa = canonicalizeProxyInfo(a);
+        final ProxyInfo pb = canonicalizeProxyInfo(b);
+        // ProxyInfo.equals() doesn't check hosts when PAC URLs are present, but we need to check
+        // hosts even when PAC URLs are present to account for the legacy PAC resolver.
+        return Objects.equals(pa, pb) && (pa == null || Objects.equals(pa.getHost(), pb.getHost()));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the default system-wide proxy.
+     *
+     * This will return the global proxy if set, otherwise the default proxy if in use. Note
+     * that this is not necessarily the proxy that any given process should use, as the right
+     * proxy for a process is the proxy for the network this process will use, which may be
+     * different from this value. This value is simply the default in case there is no proxy set
+     * in the network that will be used by a specific process.
+     * @return The default system-wide proxy or null if none.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public ProxyInfo getDefaultProxy() {
+        // This information is already available as a world read/writable jvm property.
+        synchronized (mProxyLock) {
+            if (mGlobalProxy != null) return mGlobalProxy;
+            if (mDefaultProxyEnabled) return mDefaultProxy;
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the global proxy.
+     *
+     * @return The global proxy or null if none.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public ProxyInfo getGlobalProxy() {
+        // This information is already available as a world read/writable jvm property.
+        synchronized (mProxyLock) {
+            return mGlobalProxy;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Read the global proxy settings and cache them in memory.
+     */
+    public void loadGlobalProxy() {
+        ContentResolver res = mContext.getContentResolver();
+        String host = Settings.Global.getString(res, GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_HOST);
+        int port = Settings.Global.getInt(res, GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_PORT, 0);
+        String exclList = Settings.Global.getString(res, GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_EXCLUSION_LIST);
+        String pacFileUrl = Settings.Global.getString(res, GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_PAC);
+        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(host) || !TextUtils.isEmpty(pacFileUrl)) {
+            ProxyInfo proxyProperties;
+            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(pacFileUrl)) {
+                proxyProperties = new ProxyInfo(pacFileUrl);
+            } else {
+                proxyProperties = new ProxyInfo(host, port, exclList);
+            }
+            if (!proxyProperties.isValid()) {
+                if (DBG) Slog.d(TAG, "Invalid proxy properties, ignoring: " + proxyProperties);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            synchronized (mProxyLock) {
+                mGlobalProxy = proxyProperties;
+            }
+        }
+        loadDeprecatedGlobalHttpProxy();
+        // TODO : shouldn't this function call mPacManager.setCurrentProxyScriptUrl ?
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Read the global proxy from the deprecated Settings.Global.HTTP_PROXY setting and apply it.
+     */
+    public void loadDeprecatedGlobalHttpProxy() {
+        final String proxy = Settings.Global.getString(mContext.getContentResolver(), HTTP_PROXY);
+        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(proxy)) {
+            String data[] = proxy.split(":");
+            if (data.length == 0) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            final String proxyHost = data[0];
+            int proxyPort = 8080;
+            if (data.length > 1) {
+                try {
+                    proxyPort = Integer.parseInt(data[1]);
+                } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
+                    return;
+                }
+            }
+            final ProxyInfo p = new ProxyInfo(proxyHost, proxyPort, "");
+            setGlobalProxy(p);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sends the system broadcast informing apps about a new proxy configuration.
+     *
+     * Confusingly this method also sets the PAC file URL. TODO : separate this, it has nothing
+     * to do in a "sendProxyBroadcast" method.
+     */
+    public void sendProxyBroadcast() {
+        final ProxyInfo defaultProxy = getDefaultProxy();
+        final ProxyInfo proxyInfo = null != defaultProxy ? defaultProxy : new ProxyInfo("", 0, "");
+        if (mPacManager.setCurrentProxyScriptUrl(proxyInfo)
+                == PacManager.ToSendOrNotToSendBroadcast.DONT_SEND_BROADCAST) {
+            return;
+        }
+        if (DBG) Slog.d(TAG, "sending Proxy Broadcast for " + proxyInfo);
+        Intent intent = new Intent(Proxy.PROXY_CHANGE_ACTION);
+        intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REPLACE_PENDING |
+                Intent.FLAG_RECEIVER_REGISTERED_ONLY_BEFORE_BOOT);
+        intent.putExtra(Proxy.EXTRA_PROXY_INFO, proxyInfo);
+        final long ident = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+        try {
+            mContext.sendStickyBroadcastAsUser(intent, UserHandle.ALL);
+        } finally {
+            Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(ident);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the global proxy in memory. Also writes the values to the global settings of the device.
+     *
+     * @param proxyInfo the proxy spec, or null for no proxy.
+     */
+    public void setGlobalProxy(@Nullable ProxyInfo proxyInfo) {
+        synchronized (mProxyLock) {
+            // ProxyInfo#equals is not commutative :( and is public API, so it can't be fixed.
+            if (proxyInfo == mGlobalProxy) return;
+            if (proxyInfo != null && proxyInfo.equals(mGlobalProxy)) return;
+            if (mGlobalProxy != null && mGlobalProxy.equals(proxyInfo)) return;
+
+            final String host;
+            final int port;
+            final String exclList;
+            final String pacFileUrl;
+            if (proxyInfo != null && (!TextUtils.isEmpty(proxyInfo.getHost()) ||
+                    !Uri.EMPTY.equals(proxyInfo.getPacFileUrl()))) {
+                if (!proxyInfo.isValid()) {
+                    if (DBG) Slog.d(TAG, "Invalid proxy properties, ignoring: " + proxyInfo);
+                    return;
+                }
+                mGlobalProxy = new ProxyInfo(proxyInfo);
+                host = mGlobalProxy.getHost();
+                port = mGlobalProxy.getPort();
+                exclList = mGlobalProxy.getExclusionListAsString();
+                pacFileUrl = Uri.EMPTY.equals(proxyInfo.getPacFileUrl())
+                        ? "" : proxyInfo.getPacFileUrl().toString();
+            } else {
+                host = "";
+                port = 0;
+                exclList = "";
+                pacFileUrl = "";
+                mGlobalProxy = null;
+            }
+            final ContentResolver res = mContext.getContentResolver();
+            final long token = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
+            try {
+                Settings.Global.putString(res, GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_HOST, host);
+                Settings.Global.putInt(res, GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_PORT, port);
+                Settings.Global.putString(res, GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_EXCLUSION_LIST, exclList);
+                Settings.Global.putString(res, GLOBAL_HTTP_PROXY_PAC, pacFileUrl);
+            } finally {
+                Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(token);
+            }
+
+            sendProxyBroadcast();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the default proxy for the device.
+     *
+     * The default proxy is the proxy used for networks that do not have a specific proxy.
+     * @param proxyInfo the proxy spec, or null for no proxy.
+     */
+    public void setDefaultProxy(@Nullable ProxyInfo proxyInfo) {
+        synchronized (mProxyLock) {
+            if (Objects.equals(mDefaultProxy, proxyInfo)) return;
+            if (proxyInfo != null &&  !proxyInfo.isValid()) {
+                if (DBG) Slog.d(TAG, "Invalid proxy properties, ignoring: " + proxyInfo);
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // This call could be coming from the PacManager, containing the port of the local
+            // proxy. If this new proxy matches the global proxy then copy this proxy to the
+            // global (to get the correct local port), and send a broadcast.
+            // TODO: Switch PacManager to have its own message to send back rather than
+            // reusing EVENT_HAS_CHANGED_PROXY and this call to handleApplyDefaultProxy.
+            if ((mGlobalProxy != null) && (proxyInfo != null)
+                    && (!Uri.EMPTY.equals(proxyInfo.getPacFileUrl()))
+                    && proxyInfo.getPacFileUrl().equals(mGlobalProxy.getPacFileUrl())) {
+                mGlobalProxy = proxyInfo;
+                sendProxyBroadcast();
+                return;
+            }
+            mDefaultProxy = proxyInfo;
+
+            if (mGlobalProxy != null) return;
+            if (mDefaultProxyEnabled) {
+                sendProxyBroadcast();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/TcpKeepaliveController.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/TcpKeepaliveController.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a9ac23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/TcpKeepaliveController.java
@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package com.android.server.connectivity;
+
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.DATA_RECEIVED;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET;
+import static android.net.SocketKeepalive.ERROR_SOCKET_NOT_IDLE;
+import static android.os.MessageQueue.OnFileDescriptorEventListener.EVENT_ERROR;
+import static android.os.MessageQueue.OnFileDescriptorEventListener.EVENT_INPUT;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.FIONREAD;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_TCP;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.TIOCOUTQ;
+
+import android.annotation.NonNull;
+import android.net.NetworkUtils;
+import android.net.SocketKeepalive.InvalidSocketException;
+import android.net.TcpKeepalivePacketData.TcpSocketInfo;
+import android.net.TcpRepairWindow;
+import android.os.Handler;
+import android.os.MessageQueue;
+import android.os.Messenger;
+import android.system.ErrnoException;
+import android.system.Int32Ref;
+import android.system.Os;
+import android.util.Log;
+import android.util.SparseArray;
+
+import com.android.internal.annotations.GuardedBy;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.KeepaliveTracker.KeepaliveInfo;
+
+import java.io.FileDescriptor;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.SocketAddress;
+import java.net.SocketException;
+
+/**
+ * Manage tcp socket which offloads tcp keepalive.
+ *
+ * The input socket will be changed to repair mode and the application
+ * will not have permission to read/write data. If the application wants
+ * to write data, it must stop tcp keepalive offload to leave repair mode
+ * first. If a remote packet arrives, repair mode will be turned off and
+ * offload will be stopped. The application will receive a callback to know
+ * it can start reading data.
+ *
+ * {start,stop}SocketMonitor are thread-safe, but care must be taken in the
+ * order in which they are called. Please note that while calling
+ * {@link #startSocketMonitor(FileDescriptor, Messenger, int)} multiple times
+ * with either the same slot or the same FileDescriptor without stopping it in
+ * between will result in an exception, calling {@link #stopSocketMonitor(int)}
+ * multiple times with the same int is explicitly a no-op.
+ * Please also note that switching the socket to repair mode is not synchronized
+ * with either of these operations and has to be done in an orderly fashion
+ * with stopSocketMonitor. Take care in calling these in the right order.
+ * @hide
+ */
+public class TcpKeepaliveController {
+    private static final String TAG = "TcpKeepaliveController";
+    private static final boolean DBG = false;
+
+    private final MessageQueue mFdHandlerQueue;
+
+    private static final int FD_EVENTS = EVENT_INPUT | EVENT_ERROR;
+
+    // Reference include/uapi/linux/tcp.h
+    private static final int TCP_REPAIR = 19;
+    private static final int TCP_REPAIR_QUEUE = 20;
+    private static final int TCP_QUEUE_SEQ = 21;
+    private static final int TCP_NO_QUEUE = 0;
+    private static final int TCP_RECV_QUEUE = 1;
+    private static final int TCP_SEND_QUEUE = 2;
+    private static final int TCP_REPAIR_OFF = 0;
+    private static final int TCP_REPAIR_ON = 1;
+    // Reference include/uapi/linux/sockios.h
+    private static final int SIOCINQ = FIONREAD;
+    private static final int SIOCOUTQ = TIOCOUTQ;
+
+    /**
+     * Keeps track of packet listeners.
+     * Key: slot number of keepalive offload.
+     * Value: {@link FileDescriptor} being listened to.
+     */
+    @GuardedBy("mListeners")
+    private final SparseArray<FileDescriptor> mListeners = new SparseArray<>();
+
+    public TcpKeepaliveController(final Handler connectivityServiceHandler) {
+        mFdHandlerQueue = connectivityServiceHandler.getLooper().getQueue();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Switch the tcp socket to repair mode and query tcp socket information.
+     *
+     * @param fd the fd of socket on which to use keepalive offload
+     * @return a {@link TcpKeepalivePacketData#TcpSocketInfo} object for current
+     * tcp/ip information.
+     */
+    // TODO : make this private. It's far too confusing that this gets called from outside
+    // at a time that nobody can understand.
+    public static TcpSocketInfo switchToRepairMode(FileDescriptor fd)
+            throws InvalidSocketException {
+        if (DBG) Log.i(TAG, "switchToRepairMode to start tcp keepalive : " + fd);
+        final SocketAddress srcSockAddr;
+        final SocketAddress dstSockAddr;
+        final InetAddress srcAddress;
+        final InetAddress dstAddress;
+        final int srcPort;
+        final int dstPort;
+        int seq;
+        final int ack;
+        final TcpRepairWindow trw;
+
+        // Query source address and port.
+        try {
+            srcSockAddr = Os.getsockname(fd);
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Get sockname fail: ", e);
+            throw new InvalidSocketException(ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET, e);
+        }
+        if (srcSockAddr instanceof InetSocketAddress) {
+            srcAddress = getAddress((InetSocketAddress) srcSockAddr);
+            srcPort = getPort((InetSocketAddress) srcSockAddr);
+        } else {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Invalid or mismatched SocketAddress");
+            throw new InvalidSocketException(ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET);
+        }
+        // Query destination address and port.
+        try {
+            dstSockAddr = Os.getpeername(fd);
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Get peername fail: ", e);
+            throw new InvalidSocketException(ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET, e);
+        }
+        if (dstSockAddr instanceof InetSocketAddress) {
+            dstAddress = getAddress((InetSocketAddress) dstSockAddr);
+            dstPort = getPort((InetSocketAddress) dstSockAddr);
+        } else {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Invalid or mismatched peer SocketAddress");
+            throw new InvalidSocketException(ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET);
+        }
+
+        // Query sequence and ack number
+        dropAllIncomingPackets(fd, true);
+        try {
+            // Enter tcp repair mode.
+            Os.setsockoptInt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_REPAIR, TCP_REPAIR_ON);
+            // Check if socket is idle.
+            if (!isSocketIdle(fd)) {
+                throw new InvalidSocketException(ERROR_SOCKET_NOT_IDLE);
+            }
+            // Query write sequence number from SEND_QUEUE.
+            Os.setsockoptInt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_REPAIR_QUEUE, TCP_SEND_QUEUE);
+            seq = Os.getsockoptInt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_QUEUE_SEQ);
+            // Query read sequence number from RECV_QUEUE.
+            Os.setsockoptInt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_REPAIR_QUEUE, TCP_RECV_QUEUE);
+            ack = Os.getsockoptInt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_QUEUE_SEQ);
+            // Switch to NO_QUEUE to prevent illegal socket read/write in repair mode.
+            Os.setsockoptInt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_REPAIR_QUEUE, TCP_NO_QUEUE);
+            // Finally, check if socket is still idle. TODO : this check needs to move to
+            // after starting polling to prevent a race.
+            if (!isSocketIdle(fd)) {
+                throw new InvalidSocketException(ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET);
+            }
+
+            // Query tcp window size.
+            trw = NetworkUtils.getTcpRepairWindow(fd);
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Exception reading TCP state from socket", e);
+            try {
+                Os.setsockoptInt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_REPAIR, TCP_REPAIR_OFF);
+            } catch (ErrnoException ex) {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Exception while turning off repair mode due to exception", ex);
+            }
+            throw new InvalidSocketException(ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET, e);
+        } finally {
+            dropAllIncomingPackets(fd, false);
+        }
+
+        // Keepalive sequence number is last sequence number - 1. If it couldn't be retrieved,
+        // then it must be set to -1, so decrement in all cases.
+        seq = seq - 1;
+
+        return new TcpSocketInfo(srcAddress, srcPort, dstAddress, dstPort, seq, ack, trw.rcvWnd,
+                trw.rcvWndScale);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Switch the tcp socket out of repair mode.
+     *
+     * @param fd the fd of socket to switch back to normal.
+     */
+    // TODO : make this private.
+    public static void switchOutOfRepairMode(@NonNull final FileDescriptor fd)
+            throws ErrnoException {
+        Os.setsockoptInt(fd, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_REPAIR, TCP_REPAIR_OFF);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Start monitoring incoming packets.
+     *
+     * @param fd socket fd to monitor.
+     * @param messenger a callback to notify socket status.
+     * @param slot keepalive slot.
+     */
+    public void startSocketMonitor(@NonNull final FileDescriptor fd,
+            @NonNull final KeepaliveInfo ki, final int slot) {
+        synchronized (mListeners) {
+            if (null != mListeners.get(slot)) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("This slot is already taken");
+            }
+            for (int i = 0; i < mListeners.size(); ++i) {
+                if (fd.equals(mListeners.valueAt(i))) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("This fd is already registered");
+                }
+            }
+            mFdHandlerQueue.addOnFileDescriptorEventListener(fd, FD_EVENTS, (readyFd, events) -> {
+                // This can't be called twice because the queue guarantees that once the listener
+                // is unregistered it can't be called again, even for a message that arrived
+                // before it was unregistered.
+                final int reason;
+                if (0 != (events & EVENT_ERROR)) {
+                    reason = ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET;
+                } else {
+                    reason = DATA_RECEIVED;
+                }
+                ki.onFileDescriptorInitiatedStop(reason);
+                // The listener returns the new set of events to listen to. Because 0 means no
+                // event, the listener gets unregistered.
+                return 0;
+            });
+            mListeners.put(slot, fd);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Stop socket monitor */
+    // This slot may have been stopped automatically already because the socket received data,
+    // was closed on the other end or otherwise suffered some error. In this case, this function
+    // is a no-op.
+    public void stopSocketMonitor(final int slot) {
+        final FileDescriptor fd;
+        synchronized (mListeners) {
+            fd = mListeners.get(slot);
+            if (null == fd) return;
+            mListeners.remove(slot);
+        }
+        mFdHandlerQueue.removeOnFileDescriptorEventListener(fd);
+        try {
+            if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Moving socket out of repair mode for stop : " + fd);
+            switchOutOfRepairMode(fd);
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Cannot switch socket out of repair mode", e);
+            // Well, there is not much to do here to recover
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static InetAddress getAddress(InetSocketAddress inetAddr) {
+        return inetAddr.getAddress();
+    }
+
+    private static int getPort(InetSocketAddress inetAddr) {
+        return inetAddr.getPort();
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isSocketIdle(FileDescriptor fd) throws ErrnoException {
+        return isReceiveQueueEmpty(fd) && isSendQueueEmpty(fd);
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isReceiveQueueEmpty(FileDescriptor fd)
+            throws ErrnoException {
+        Int32Ref result = new Int32Ref(-1);
+        Os.ioctlInt(fd, SIOCINQ, result);
+        if (result.value != 0) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Read queue has data");
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isSendQueueEmpty(FileDescriptor fd)
+            throws ErrnoException {
+        Int32Ref result = new Int32Ref(-1);
+        Os.ioctlInt(fd, SIOCOUTQ, result);
+        if (result.value != 0) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Write queue has data");
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static void dropAllIncomingPackets(FileDescriptor fd, boolean enable)
+            throws InvalidSocketException {
+        try {
+            if (enable) {
+                NetworkUtils.attachDropAllBPFFilter(fd);
+            } else {
+                NetworkUtils.detachBPFFilter(fd);
+            }
+        } catch (SocketException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Socket Exception: ", e);
+            throw new InvalidSocketException(ERROR_INVALID_SOCKET, e);
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/ConnectivityManagerTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
index 03a617c..6174c6c 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/ConnectivityManagerTest.java
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@
         // callback triggers
         captor.getValue().send(makeMessage(request, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_AVAILABLE));
         verify(callback, timeout(500).times(1)).onAvailable(any(Network.class),
-                any(NetworkCapabilities.class), any(LinkProperties.class));
+                any(NetworkCapabilities.class), any(LinkProperties.class), anyBoolean());
 
         // unregister callback
         manager.unregisterNetworkCallback(callback);
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@
         // callback triggers
         captor.getValue().send(makeMessage(req1, ConnectivityManager.CALLBACK_AVAILABLE));
         verify(callback, timeout(100).times(1)).onAvailable(any(Network.class),
-                any(NetworkCapabilities.class), any(LinkProperties.class));
+                any(NetworkCapabilities.class), any(LinkProperties.class), anyBoolean());
 
         // unregister callback
         manager.unregisterNetworkCallback(callback);
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/IpMemoryStoreTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/IpMemoryStoreTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eae9710
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/IpMemoryStoreTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
+import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@SmallTest
+public class IpMemoryStoreTest {
+    @Mock
+    Context mMockContext;
+    @Mock
+    IIpMemoryStore mMockService;
+    IpMemoryStore mStore;
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {
+        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
+        mStore = new IpMemoryStore(mMockContext, mMockService);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNetworkAttributes() {
+        // TODO : implement this
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPrivateData() {
+        // TODO : implement this
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testFindL2Key() {
+        // TODO : implement this
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testIsSameNetwork() {
+        // TODO : implement this
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java
index 771faaf..be1a455 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/IpSecConfigTest.java
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
         assertNull(c.getEncryption());
         assertNull(c.getAuthentication());
         assertEquals(IpSecManager.INVALID_RESOURCE_ID, c.getSpiResourceId());
+        assertEquals(0, c.getXfrmInterfaceId());
     }
 
     private IpSecConfig getSampleConfig() {
@@ -77,6 +78,7 @@
         c.setNattKeepaliveInterval(42);
         c.setMarkValue(12);
         c.setMarkMask(23);
+        c.setXfrmInterfaceId(34);
 
         return c;
     }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/LinkPropertiesTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/LinkPropertiesTest.java
index 9695e9a..bdde096 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/LinkPropertiesTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/LinkPropertiesTest.java
@@ -18,21 +18,22 @@
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
-import android.net.IpPrefix;
-import android.net.LinkAddress;
-import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.LinkProperties.CompareResult;
 import android.net.LinkProperties.ProvisioningChange;
-import android.net.RouteInfo;
-import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 import android.system.OsConstants;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
 
+import com.android.internal.util.TestUtils;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
@@ -41,9 +42,6 @@
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Set;
 
-import org.junit.Test;
-import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
-
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
 public class LinkPropertiesTest {
@@ -53,6 +51,8 @@
     private static InetAddress DNS1 = NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress("75.208.7.1");
     private static InetAddress DNS2 = NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress("69.78.7.1");
     private static InetAddress DNS6 = NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress("2001:4860:4860::8888");
+    private static InetAddress PCSCFV6 =  NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress(
+            "2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:1");
     private static InetAddress GATEWAY1 = NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress("75.208.8.1");
     private static InetAddress GATEWAY2 = NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress("69.78.8.1");
     private static InetAddress GATEWAY61 = NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress("fe80::6:0000:613");
@@ -86,6 +86,9 @@
         assertTrue(source.isIdenticalValidatedPrivateDnses(target));
         assertTrue(target.isIdenticalValidatedPrivateDnses(source));
 
+        assertTrue(source.isIdenticalPcscfs(target));
+        assertTrue(target.isIdenticalPcscfs(source));
+
         assertTrue(source.isIdenticalRoutes(target));
         assertTrue(target.isIdenticalRoutes(source));
 
@@ -128,6 +131,8 @@
         // set 2 dnses
         source.addDnsServer(DNS1);
         source.addDnsServer(DNS2);
+        // set 1 pcscf
+        source.addPcscfServer(PCSCFV6);
         // set 2 gateways
         source.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY1));
         source.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY2));
@@ -141,6 +146,7 @@
         target.addLinkAddress(LINKADDRV6);
         target.addDnsServer(DNS1);
         target.addDnsServer(DNS2);
+        target.addPcscfServer(PCSCFV6);
         target.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY1));
         target.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY2));
         target.setMtu(MTU);
@@ -154,6 +160,7 @@
         target.addLinkAddress(LINKADDRV6);
         target.addDnsServer(DNS1);
         target.addDnsServer(DNS2);
+        target.addPcscfServer(PCSCFV6);
         target.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY1));
         target.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY2));
         target.setMtu(MTU);
@@ -167,6 +174,7 @@
         target.addLinkAddress(LINKADDRV6);
         target.addDnsServer(DNS1);
         target.addDnsServer(DNS2);
+        target.addPcscfServer(PCSCFV6);
         target.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY1));
         target.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY2));
         target.setMtu(MTU);
@@ -179,6 +187,21 @@
         // change dnses
         target.addDnsServer(NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress("75.208.7.2"));
         target.addDnsServer(DNS2);
+        target.addPcscfServer(PCSCFV6);
+        target.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY1));
+        target.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY2));
+        target.setMtu(MTU);
+        assertFalse(source.equals(target));
+
+        target.clear();
+        target.setInterfaceName(NAME);
+        target.addLinkAddress(LINKADDRV4);
+        target.addLinkAddress(LINKADDRV6);
+        target.addDnsServer(NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress("75.208.7.2"));
+        target.addDnsServer(DNS2);
+        // change pcscf
+        target.addPcscfServer(NetworkUtils.numericToInetAddress(
+            "2001::1"));
         target.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY1));
         target.addRoute(new RouteInfo(GATEWAY2));
         target.setMtu(MTU);
@@ -479,6 +502,40 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testNat64Prefix() throws Exception {
+        LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
+        lp.addLinkAddress(LINKADDRV4);
+        lp.addLinkAddress(LINKADDRV6);
+
+        assertNull(lp.getNat64Prefix());
+
+        IpPrefix p = new IpPrefix("64:ff9b::/96");
+        lp.setNat64Prefix(p);
+        assertEquals(p, lp.getNat64Prefix());
+
+        p = new IpPrefix("2001:db8:a:b:1:2:3::/96");
+        lp.setNat64Prefix(p);
+        assertEquals(p, lp.getNat64Prefix());
+
+        p = new IpPrefix("2001:db8:a:b:1:2::/80");
+        try {
+            lp.setNat64Prefix(p);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
+        }
+
+        p = new IpPrefix("64:ff9b::/64");
+        try {
+            lp.setNat64Prefix(p);
+        } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
+        }
+
+        assertEquals(new IpPrefix("2001:db8:a:b:1:2:3::/96"), lp.getNat64Prefix());
+
+        lp.setNat64Prefix(null);
+        assertNull(lp.getNat64Prefix());
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testIsProvisioned() {
         LinkProperties lp4 = new LinkProperties();
         assertFalse("v4only:empty", lp4.isProvisioned());
@@ -790,7 +847,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testLinkPropertiesParcelable() {
+    public void testLinkPropertiesParcelable() throws Exception {
         LinkProperties source = new LinkProperties();
         source.setInterfaceName(NAME);
         // set 2 link addresses
@@ -808,15 +865,14 @@
 
         source.setMtu(MTU);
 
-        Parcel p = Parcel.obtain();
-        source.writeToParcel(p, /* flags */ 0);
-        p.setDataPosition(0);
-        final byte[] marshalled = p.marshall();
-        p = Parcel.obtain();
-        p.unmarshall(marshalled, 0, marshalled.length);
-        p.setDataPosition(0);
-        LinkProperties dest = LinkProperties.CREATOR.createFromParcel(p);
+        source.setNat64Prefix(new IpPrefix("2001:db8:1:2:64:64::/96"));
 
-        assertEquals(source, dest);
+        TestUtils.assertParcelingIsLossless(source, LinkProperties.CREATOR);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testParcelUninitialized() throws Exception {
+        LinkProperties empty = new LinkProperties();
+        TestUtils.assertParcelingIsLossless(empty, LinkProperties.CREATOR);
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/MacAddressTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/MacAddressTest.java
index 04266c5..8be807d 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/MacAddressTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/MacAddressTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
@@ -24,12 +25,13 @@
 import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
-import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.Random;
-
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Random;
+
 @SmallTest
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 public class MacAddressTest {
@@ -252,6 +254,19 @@
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Tests that link-local address generation from MAC is valid.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testLinkLocalFromMacGeneration() {
+        MacAddress mac = MacAddress.fromString("52:74:f2:b1:a8:7f");
+        byte[] inet6ll = {(byte) 0xfe, (byte) 0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x50, 0x74,
+            (byte) 0xf2, (byte) 0xff, (byte) 0xfe, (byte) 0xb1, (byte) 0xa8, 0x7f};
+        Inet6Address llv6 = mac.getLinkLocalIpv6FromEui48Mac();
+        assertTrue(llv6.isLinkLocalAddress());
+        assertArrayEquals(inet6ll, llv6.getAddress());
+    }
+
     static byte[] toByteArray(int... in) {
         byte[] out = new byte[in.length];
         for (int i = 0; i < in.length; i++) {
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilitiesTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilitiesTest.java
index a112fa6..84f7359 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilitiesTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkCapabilitiesTest.java
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_MMS;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED;
-import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PAID;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VPN;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_OEM_PAID;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_WIFI_P2P;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.RESTRICTED_CAPABILITIES;
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@
 import android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.SmallTest;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
 
-
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
@@ -303,7 +302,7 @@
         assertTrue("Request: " + request + ", Network:" + network,
                 request.satisfiedByNetworkCapabilities(network));
 
-        // Adding capabilities that doesn't exist in the network anyway
+        // Requesting absence of capabilities that network doesn't have. Request should satisfy.
         request.addUnwantedCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_WIFI_P2P);
         request.addUnwantedCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED);
         assertTrue(request.satisfiedByNetworkCapabilities(network));
@@ -319,7 +318,6 @@
         assertTrue(request.hasUnwantedCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED));
         assertFalse(request.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED));
 
-
         // Now this request won't be satisfied because network contains NOT_RESTRICTED.
         assertFalse(request.satisfiedByNetworkCapabilities(network));
         network.removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED);
@@ -458,6 +456,69 @@
         assertEquals(nc1, nc2);
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testSetNetworkSpecifierOnMultiTransportNc() {
+        // Sequence 1: Transport + Transport + NetworkSpecifier
+        NetworkCapabilities nc1 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        nc1.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR).addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        try {
+            nc1.setNetworkSpecifier(new StringNetworkSpecifier("specs"));
+            fail("Cannot set NetworkSpecifier on a NetworkCapability with multiple transports!");
+        } catch (IllegalStateException expected) {
+            // empty
+        }
+
+        // Sequence 2: Transport + NetworkSpecifier + Transport
+        NetworkCapabilities nc2 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        nc2.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR).setNetworkSpecifier(
+                new StringNetworkSpecifier("specs"));
+        try {
+            nc2.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+            fail("Cannot set a second TransportType of a network which has a NetworkSpecifier!");
+        } catch (IllegalStateException expected) {
+            // empty
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSetTransportInfoOnMultiTransportNc() {
+        // Sequence 1: Transport + Transport + TransportInfo
+        NetworkCapabilities nc1 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        nc1.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR).addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
+                .setTransportInfo(new TransportInfo() {});
+
+        // Sequence 2: Transport + NetworkSpecifier + Transport
+        NetworkCapabilities nc2 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        nc2.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR).setTransportInfo(new TransportInfo() {})
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCombineTransportInfo() {
+        NetworkCapabilities nc1 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        nc1.setTransportInfo(new TransportInfo() {
+            // empty
+        });
+        NetworkCapabilities nc2 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        // new TransportInfo so that object is not #equals to nc1's TransportInfo (that's where
+        // combine fails)
+        nc2.setTransportInfo(new TransportInfo() {
+            // empty
+        });
+
+        try {
+            nc1.combineCapabilities(nc2);
+            fail("Should not be able to combine NetworkCabilities which contain TransportInfos");
+        } catch (IllegalStateException expected) {
+            // empty
+        }
+
+        // verify that can combine with identical TransportInfo objects
+        NetworkCapabilities nc3 = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        nc3.setTransportInfo(nc1.getTransportInfo());
+        nc1.combineCapabilities(nc3);
+    }
+
     private void assertEqualsThroughMarshalling(NetworkCapabilities netCap) {
         Parcel p = Parcel.obtain();
         netCap.writeToParcel(p, /* flags */ 0);
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java
index d6dbf5a..2c2afd4 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkStatsTest.java
@@ -448,22 +448,58 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testWithoutUid() throws Exception {
-        final NetworkStats before = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 3)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 128L, 8L, 0L, 2L, 20L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 512L, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 64L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, 512L, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
-                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+    public void testRemoveUids() throws Exception {
+        final NetworkStats before = new NetworkStats(TEST_START, 3);
 
-        final NetworkStats after = before.withoutUids(new int[] { 100 });
-        assertEquals(6, before.size());
-        assertEquals(2, after.size());
-        assertValues(after, 0, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
-        assertValues(after, 1, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
-                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 128L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+        // Test 0 item stats.
+        NetworkStats after = before.clone();
+        after.removeUids(new int[0]);
+        assertEquals(0, after.size());
+        after.removeUids(new int[] {100});
+        assertEquals(0, after.size());
+
+        // Test 1 item stats.
+        before.addValues(TEST_IFACE, 99, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 1L, 128L, 0L, 2L, 20L);
+        after = before.clone();
+        after.removeUids(new int[0]);
+        assertEquals(1, after.size());
+        assertValues(after, 0, TEST_IFACE, 99, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1L, 128L, 0L, 2L, 20L);
+        after.removeUids(new int[] {99});
+        assertEquals(0, after.size());
+
+        // Append remaining test items.
+        before.addValues(TEST_IFACE, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 2L, 64L, 0L, 2L, 20L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 4L, 32L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 8L, 16L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE2, 100, SET_FOREGROUND, TAG_NONE, 16L, 8L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, 32L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L)
+                .addValues(TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, 64L, 2L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+        assertEquals(7, before.size());
+
+        // Test remove with empty uid list.
+        after = before.clone();
+        after.removeUids(new int[0]);
+        assertValues(after.getTotalIncludingTags(null), 127L, 254L, 0L, 4L, 40L);
+
+        // Test remove uids don't exist in stats.
+        after.removeUids(new int[] {98, 0, Integer.MIN_VALUE, Integer.MAX_VALUE});
+        assertValues(after.getTotalIncludingTags(null), 127L, 254L, 0L, 4L, 40L);
+
+        // Test remove all uids.
+        after.removeUids(new int[] {99, 100, 100, 101});
+        assertEquals(0, after.size());
+
+        // Test remove in the middle.
+        after = before.clone();
+        after.removeUids(new int[] {100});
+        assertEquals(3, after.size());
+        assertValues(after, 0, TEST_IFACE, 99, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 1L, 128L, 0L, 2L, 20L);
+        assertValues(after, 1, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 32L, 4L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+        assertValues(after, 2, TEST_IFACE, 101, SET_DEFAULT, 0xF00D, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO, 64L, 2L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -796,25 +832,23 @@
                 0 /* operations */);
 
         // Traffic measured for the root uid on the base interface if eBPF is in use.
-        // Incorrectly includes appEntry's bytes and packets, plus IPv4-IPv6 translation
-        // overhead (20 bytes per packet), only for TX traffic.
         final NetworkStats.Entry ebpfRootUidEntry = new NetworkStats.Entry(
                 baseIface, rootUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
                 163577 /* rxBytes */,
                 187 /* rxPackets */,
-                1169942 /* txBytes */,
-                13902 /* txPackets */,
+                17607 /* txBytes */,
+                97 /* txPackets */,
                 0 /* operations */);
 
         // Traffic measured for the root uid on the base interface if xt_qtaguid is in use.
         // Incorrectly includes appEntry's bytes and packets, plus IPv4-IPv6 translation
-        // overhead (20 bytes per packet), in both directions.
+        // overhead (20 bytes per packet), in rx direction.
         final NetworkStats.Entry xtRootUidEntry = new NetworkStats.Entry(
                 baseIface, rootUid, SET_DEFAULT, TAG_NONE,
                 31113087 /* rxBytes */,
                 22588 /* rxPackets */,
-                1169942 /* txBytes */,
-                13902 /* txPackets */,
+                17607 /* txBytes */,
+                97 /* txPackets */,
                 0 /* operations */);
 
         final NetworkStats.Entry otherEntry = new NetworkStats.Entry(
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkUtilsTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkUtilsTest.java
index a5ee8e3..ba6e0f2 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkUtilsTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/NetworkUtilsTest.java
@@ -16,61 +16,20 @@
 
 package android.net;
 
-import android.net.NetworkUtils;
-import android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.SmallTest;
+import static junit.framework.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 
 import java.math.BigInteger;
-import java.net.Inet4Address;
-import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.util.TreeSet;
 
-import junit.framework.TestCase;
-
-public class NetworkUtilsTest extends TestCase {
-
-    private InetAddress Address(String addr) {
-        return InetAddress.parseNumericAddress(addr);
-    }
-
-    private Inet4Address IPv4Address(String addr) {
-        return (Inet4Address) Address(addr);
-    }
-
-    @SmallTest
-    public void testGetImplicitNetmask() {
-        assertEquals(8, NetworkUtils.getImplicitNetmask(IPv4Address("4.2.2.2")));
-        assertEquals(8, NetworkUtils.getImplicitNetmask(IPv4Address("10.5.6.7")));
-        assertEquals(16, NetworkUtils.getImplicitNetmask(IPv4Address("173.194.72.105")));
-        assertEquals(16, NetworkUtils.getImplicitNetmask(IPv4Address("172.23.68.145")));
-        assertEquals(24, NetworkUtils.getImplicitNetmask(IPv4Address("192.0.2.1")));
-        assertEquals(24, NetworkUtils.getImplicitNetmask(IPv4Address("192.168.5.1")));
-        assertEquals(32, NetworkUtils.getImplicitNetmask(IPv4Address("224.0.0.1")));
-        assertEquals(32, NetworkUtils.getImplicitNetmask(IPv4Address("255.6.7.8")));
-    }
-
-    private void assertInvalidNetworkMask(Inet4Address addr) {
-        try {
-            NetworkUtils.netmaskToPrefixLength(addr);
-            fail("Invalid netmask " + addr.getHostAddress() + " did not cause exception");
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
-        }
-    }
-
-    @SmallTest
-    public void testNetmaskToPrefixLength() {
-        assertEquals(0, NetworkUtils.netmaskToPrefixLength(IPv4Address("0.0.0.0")));
-        assertEquals(9, NetworkUtils.netmaskToPrefixLength(IPv4Address("255.128.0.0")));
-        assertEquals(17, NetworkUtils.netmaskToPrefixLength(IPv4Address("255.255.128.0")));
-        assertEquals(23, NetworkUtils.netmaskToPrefixLength(IPv4Address("255.255.254.0")));
-        assertEquals(31, NetworkUtils.netmaskToPrefixLength(IPv4Address("255.255.255.254")));
-        assertEquals(32, NetworkUtils.netmaskToPrefixLength(IPv4Address("255.255.255.255")));
-
-        assertInvalidNetworkMask(IPv4Address("0.0.0.1"));
-        assertInvalidNetworkMask(IPv4Address("255.255.255.253"));
-        assertInvalidNetworkMask(IPv4Address("255.255.0.255"));
-    }
-
-    @SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@android.support.test.filters.SmallTest
+public class NetworkUtilsTest {
+    @Test
     public void testRoutedIPv4AddressCount() {
         final TreeSet<IpPrefix> set = new TreeSet<>(IpPrefix.lengthComparator());
         // No routes routes to no addresses.
@@ -118,7 +77,7 @@
         assertEquals(7l - 4 + 4 + 16 + 65536, NetworkUtils.routedIPv4AddressCount(set));
     }
 
-    @SmallTest
+    @Test
     public void testRoutedIPv6AddressCount() {
         final TreeSet<IpPrefix> set = new TreeSet<>(IpPrefix.lengthComparator());
         // No routes routes to no addresses.
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/StaticIpConfigurationTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/StaticIpConfigurationTest.java
index 5bb5734..2b5ad37 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/android/net/StaticIpConfigurationTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/StaticIpConfigurationTest.java
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@
 import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Objects;
 
-import org.junit.Test;
-import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
-
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
 public class StaticIpConfigurationTest {
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
         try {
             s.writeToParcel(p, 0);
             p.setDataPosition(0);
-            s2 = StaticIpConfiguration.CREATOR.createFromParcel(p);
+            s2 = StaticIpConfiguration.readFromParcel(p);
         } finally {
             p.recycle();
         }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/TcpKeepalivePacketDataTest.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/TcpKeepalivePacketDataTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f2dd27
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/TcpKeepalivePacketDataTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertArrayEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+
+import android.net.SocketKeepalive.InvalidPacketException;
+import android.net.TcpKeepalivePacketData.TcpSocketInfo;
+
+import com.android.internal.util.TestUtils;
+
+import libcore.net.InetAddressUtils;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;
+
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+
+@RunWith(JUnit4.class)
+public final class TcpKeepalivePacketDataTest {
+
+    @Before
+    public void setUp() {}
+
+    @Test
+    public void testV4TcpKeepalivePacket() {
+        final InetAddress srcAddr = InetAddressUtils.parseNumericAddress("192.168.0.1");
+        final InetAddress dstAddr = InetAddressUtils.parseNumericAddress("192.168.0.10");
+        final int srcPort = 1234;
+        final int dstPort = 4321;
+        final int seq = 0x11111111;
+        final int ack = 0x22222222;
+        final int wnd = 8000;
+        final int wndScale = 2;
+        TcpKeepalivePacketData resultData = null;
+        TcpSocketInfo testInfo = new TcpSocketInfo(
+                srcAddr, srcPort, dstAddr, dstPort, seq, ack, wnd, wndScale);
+        try {
+            resultData = TcpKeepalivePacketData.tcpKeepalivePacket(testInfo);
+        } catch (InvalidPacketException e) {
+            fail("InvalidPacketException: " + e);
+        }
+
+        assertEquals(testInfo.srcAddress, resultData.srcAddress);
+        assertEquals(testInfo.dstAddress, resultData.dstAddress);
+        assertEquals(testInfo.srcPort, resultData.srcPort);
+        assertEquals(testInfo.dstPort, resultData.dstPort);
+        assertEquals(testInfo.seq, resultData.tcpSeq);
+        assertEquals(testInfo.ack, resultData.tcpAck);
+        assertEquals(testInfo.rcvWndScale, resultData.tcpWndScale);
+
+        TestUtils.assertParcelingIsLossless(resultData, TcpKeepalivePacketData.CREATOR);
+
+        final byte[] packet = resultData.getPacket();
+        // IP version and TOS.
+        ByteBuffer buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(packet);
+        assertEquals(buf.getShort(), 0x4500);
+        // Source IP address.
+        byte[] ip = new byte[4];
+        buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(packet, 12, 4);
+        buf.get(ip);
+        assertArrayEquals(ip, srcAddr.getAddress());
+        // Destination IP address.
+        buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(packet, 16, 4);
+        buf.get(ip);
+        assertArrayEquals(ip, dstAddr.getAddress());
+
+        buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(packet, 20, 12);
+        // Source port.
+        assertEquals(buf.getShort(), srcPort);
+        // Destination port.
+        assertEquals(buf.getShort(), dstPort);
+        // Sequence number.
+        assertEquals(buf.getInt(), seq);
+        // Ack.
+        assertEquals(buf.getInt(), ack);
+        // Window size.
+        buf = ByteBuffer.wrap(packet, 34, 2);
+        assertEquals(buf.getShort(), wnd >> wndScale);
+    }
+
+    //TODO: add ipv6 test when ipv6 supported
+
+    @Test
+    public void testParcel() throws Exception {
+        final InetAddress srcAddr = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("192.168.0.1");
+        final InetAddress dstAddr = InetAddresses.parseNumericAddress("192.168.0.10");
+        final int srcPort = 1234;
+        final int dstPort = 4321;
+        final int sequence = 0x11111111;
+        final int ack = 0x22222222;
+        final int wnd = 48_000;
+        final int wndScale = 2;
+        TcpKeepalivePacketData testData = null;
+        TcpKeepalivePacketDataParcelable resultData = null;
+        TcpSocketInfo testInfo = new TcpSocketInfo(
+                srcAddr, srcPort, dstAddr, dstPort, sequence, ack, wnd, wndScale);
+        testData = TcpKeepalivePacketData.tcpKeepalivePacket(testInfo);
+        resultData = testData.toStableParcelable();
+        assertArrayEquals(resultData.srcAddress, srcAddr.getAddress());
+        assertArrayEquals(resultData.dstAddress, dstAddr.getAddress());
+        assertEquals(resultData.srcPort, srcPort);
+        assertEquals(resultData.dstPort, dstPort);
+        assertEquals(resultData.seq, sequence);
+        assertEquals(resultData.ack, ack);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/net/java/android/net/ipmemorystore/ParcelableTests.java b/tests/net/java/android/net/ipmemorystore/ParcelableTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1fc67a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/net/java/android/net/ipmemorystore/ParcelableTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net.ipmemorystore;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+
+import android.os.Parcel;
+import android.os.Parcelable;
+import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
+import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+@SmallTest
+public class ParcelableTests {
+    @Test
+    public void testNetworkAttributesParceling() throws Exception {
+        final NetworkAttributes.Builder builder = new NetworkAttributes.Builder();
+        NetworkAttributes in = builder.build();
+        assertEquals(in, new NetworkAttributes(parcelingRoundTrip(in.toParcelable())));
+
+        builder.setAssignedV4Address((Inet4Address) Inet4Address.getByName("1.2.3.4"));
+        // groupHint stays null this time around
+        builder.setDnsAddresses(Collections.emptyList());
+        builder.setMtu(18);
+        in = builder.build();
+        assertEquals(in, new NetworkAttributes(parcelingRoundTrip(in.toParcelable())));
+
+        builder.setAssignedV4Address((Inet4Address) Inet4Address.getByName("6.7.8.9"));
+        builder.setGroupHint("groupHint");
+        builder.setDnsAddresses(Arrays.asList(
+                InetAddress.getByName("ACA1:652B:0911:DE8F:1200:115E:913B:AA2A"),
+                InetAddress.getByName("6.7.8.9")));
+        builder.setMtu(1_000_000);
+        in = builder.build();
+        assertEquals(in, new NetworkAttributes(parcelingRoundTrip(in.toParcelable())));
+
+        builder.setMtu(null);
+        in = builder.build();
+        assertEquals(in, new NetworkAttributes(parcelingRoundTrip(in.toParcelable())));
+
+        // Verify that this test does not miss any new field added later.
+        // If any field is added to NetworkAttributes it must be tested here for parceling
+        // roundtrip.
+        assertEquals(4, Arrays.stream(NetworkAttributes.class.getDeclaredFields())
+                .filter(f -> !Modifier.isStatic(f.getModifiers())).count());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testPrivateDataParceling() throws Exception {
+        final Blob in = new Blob();
+        in.data = new byte[] {89, 111, 108, 111};
+        final Blob out = parcelingRoundTrip(in);
+        // Object.equals on byte[] tests the references
+        assertEquals(in.data.length, out.data.length);
+        assertTrue(Arrays.equals(in.data, out.data));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSameL3NetworkResponseParceling() throws Exception {
+        final SameL3NetworkResponseParcelable parcelable = new SameL3NetworkResponseParcelable();
+        parcelable.l2Key1 = "key 1";
+        parcelable.l2Key2 = "key 2";
+        parcelable.confidence = 0.43f;
+
+        final SameL3NetworkResponse in = new SameL3NetworkResponse(parcelable);
+        assertEquals("key 1", in.l2Key1);
+        assertEquals("key 2", in.l2Key2);
+        assertEquals(0.43f, in.confidence, 0.01f /* delta */);
+
+        final SameL3NetworkResponse out =
+                new SameL3NetworkResponse(parcelingRoundTrip(in.toParcelable()));
+
+        assertEquals(in, out);
+        assertEquals(in.l2Key1, out.l2Key1);
+        assertEquals(in.l2Key2, out.l2Key2);
+        assertEquals(in.confidence, out.confidence, 0.01f /* delta */);
+    }
+
+    private <T extends Parcelable> T parcelingRoundTrip(final T in) throws Exception {
+        final Parcel p = Parcel.obtain();
+        in.writeToParcel(p, /* flags */ 0);
+        p.setDataPosition(0);
+        final byte[] marshalledData = p.marshall();
+        p.recycle();
+
+        final Parcel q = Parcel.obtain();
+        q.unmarshall(marshalledData, 0, marshalledData.length);
+        q.setDataPosition(0);
+
+        final Parcelable.Creator<T> creator = (Parcelable.Creator<T>)
+                in.getClass().getField("CREATOR").get(null); // static object, so null receiver
+        final T unmarshalled = (T) creator.createFromParcel(q);
+        q.recycle();
+        return unmarshalled;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/internal/net/NetworkStatsFactoryTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/internal/net/NetworkStatsFactoryTest.java
index 788924b..90bf7b1 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/internal/net/NetworkStatsFactoryTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/internal/net/NetworkStatsFactoryTest.java
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "v4-wlan0", 1000, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 30812L, 2310L);
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "v4-wlan0", 10102, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 10022L, 3330L);
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "v4-wlan0", 10060, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 9532772L, 254112L);
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 0, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 15229L, 5766L);
+        assertStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 0, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 15229L, 0L);
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 1000, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 6126L, 2013L);
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 10013, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 0L, 144L);
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 10018, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 5980263L, 167667L);
@@ -170,6 +170,8 @@
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "dummy0", 0, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 0L, 168L);
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "lo", 0, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, 1288L, 1288L);
 
+        assertNoStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 1029, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0);
+
         NetworkStatsFactory.clearStackedIfaces();
     }
 
@@ -191,12 +193,12 @@
         // Stats snapshot before the download
         stats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_before);
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "v4-wlan0", 10106, SET_FOREGROUND, 0x0, appRxBytesBefore, 5199872L);
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 0, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, rootRxBytesBefore, 647888L);
+        assertStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 0, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, rootRxBytesBefore, 0L);
 
         // Stats snapshot after the download
         stats = parseDetailedStats(R.raw.xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_after);
         assertStatsEntry(stats, "v4-wlan0", 10106, SET_FOREGROUND, 0x0, appRxBytesAfter, 7867488L);
-        assertStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 0, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, rootRxBytesAfter, 647587L);
+        assertStatsEntry(stats, "wlan0", 0, SET_DEFAULT, 0x0, rootRxBytesAfter, 0L);
 
         NetworkStatsFactory.clearStackedIfaces();
     }
@@ -252,6 +254,15 @@
         assertEquals("unexpected txBytes", txBytes, entry.txBytes);
     }
 
+    private static void assertNoStatsEntry(NetworkStats stats, String iface, int uid, int set,
+            int tag) {
+        final int i = stats.findIndex(iface, uid, set, tag, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
+                DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO);
+        if (i >= 0) {
+            fail("unexpected NetworkStats entry at " + i);
+        }
+    }
+
     private static void assertStatsEntry(NetworkStats stats, String iface, int uid, int set,
             int tag, long rxBytes, long rxPackets, long txBytes, long txPackets) {
         final int i = stats.findIndex(iface, uid, set, tag, METERED_NO, ROAMING_NO,
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index 2208580..963b685 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE_MMS;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_NONE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI;
+import static android.net.INetworkMonitor.NETWORK_TEST_RESULT_INVALID;
+import static android.net.INetworkMonitor.NETWORK_TEST_RESULT_VALID;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_CBS;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_DUN;
@@ -51,51 +53,63 @@
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_VPN;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI_AWARE;
+import static android.net.NetworkPolicyManager.RULE_ALLOW_METERED;
+import static android.net.NetworkPolicyManager.RULE_NONE;
+import static android.net.NetworkPolicyManager.RULE_REJECT_ALL;
+import static android.net.NetworkPolicyManager.RULE_REJECT_METERED;
+import static android.net.shared.NetworkParcelableUtil.fromStableParcelable;
 
 import static com.android.internal.util.TestUtils.waitForIdleHandler;
 import static com.android.internal.util.TestUtils.waitForIdleLooper;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
-import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyBoolean;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyInt;
-import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.atLeastOnce;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doAnswer;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.timeout;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
-
 import android.app.NotificationManager;
 import android.app.PendingIntent;
 import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
+import android.content.ContentProvider;
 import android.content.ContentResolver;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.Intent;
 import android.content.IntentFilter;
-import android.content.pm.UserInfo;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
-import android.net.CaptivePortal;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.NetworkCallback;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.PacketKeepalive;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.PacketKeepaliveCallback;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager.TooManyRequestsException;
 import android.net.ConnectivityThread;
+import android.net.INetd;
+import android.net.INetworkMonitor;
+import android.net.INetworkMonitorCallbacks;
+import android.net.INetworkPolicyListener;
 import android.net.INetworkPolicyManager;
 import android.net.INetworkStatsService;
+import android.net.InterfaceConfiguration;
 import android.net.IpPrefix;
+import android.net.IpSecManager;
+import android.net.IpSecManager.UdpEncapsulationSocket;
 import android.net.LinkAddress;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.MatchAllNetworkSpecifier;
@@ -106,15 +120,18 @@
 import android.net.NetworkInfo;
 import android.net.NetworkInfo.DetailedState;
 import android.net.NetworkMisc;
+import android.net.NetworkParcelable;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 import android.net.NetworkSpecifier;
+import android.net.NetworkStack;
 import android.net.NetworkUtils;
+import android.net.ProxyInfo;
 import android.net.RouteInfo;
-import android.net.StringNetworkSpecifier;
+import android.net.SocketKeepalive;
 import android.net.UidRange;
-import android.net.VpnService;
-import android.net.captiveportal.CaptivePortalProbeResult;
 import android.net.metrics.IpConnectivityLog;
+import android.net.shared.NetworkMonitorUtils;
+import android.net.shared.PrivateDnsConfig;
 import android.net.util.MultinetworkPolicyTracker;
 import android.os.ConditionVariable;
 import android.os.Handler;
@@ -125,6 +142,7 @@
 import android.os.Parcel;
 import android.os.Parcelable;
 import android.os.Process;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
 import android.os.SystemClock;
 import android.os.UserHandle;
 import android.provider.Settings;
@@ -132,6 +150,7 @@
 import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 import android.test.mock.MockContentResolver;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
 import android.util.ArraySet;
 import android.util.Log;
 
@@ -142,11 +161,11 @@
 import com.android.internal.util.test.FakeSettingsProvider;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityConstants;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.DefaultNetworkMetrics;
-import com.android.server.connectivity.DnsManager;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.IpConnectivityMetrics;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.MockableSystemProperties;
-import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkAgentInfo;
-import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkMonitor;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.Nat464Xlat;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.ProxyTracker;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.Tethering;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.Vpn;
 import com.android.server.net.NetworkPinner;
 import com.android.server.net.NetworkPolicyManagerInternal;
@@ -160,16 +179,23 @@
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 import org.mockito.Spy;
+import org.mockito.stubbing.Answer;
 
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
+import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
@@ -188,8 +214,18 @@
     private static final String TAG = "ConnectivityServiceTest";
 
     private static final int TIMEOUT_MS = 500;
-    private static final int TEST_LINGER_DELAY_MS = 120;
+    private static final int TEST_LINGER_DELAY_MS = 250;
+    // Chosen to be less than the linger timeout. This ensures that we can distinguish between a
+    // LOST callback that arrives immediately and a LOST callback that arrives after the linger
+    // timeout. For this, our assertions should run fast enough to leave less than
+    // (mService.mLingerDelayMs - TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS) between the time callbacks are
+    // supposedly fired, and the time we call expectCallback.
+    private final static int TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS = 200;
+    // Chosen to be less than TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS. This ensures that requests have time to
+    // complete before callbacks are verified.
+    private final static int TEST_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS = 150;
 
+    private static final String CLAT_PREFIX = "v4-";
     private static final String MOBILE_IFNAME = "test_rmnet_data0";
     private static final String WIFI_IFNAME = "test_wlan0";
 
@@ -201,11 +237,15 @@
     private MockNetworkAgent mEthernetNetworkAgent;
     private MockVpn mMockVpn;
     private Context mContext;
+    private INetworkPolicyListener mPolicyListener;
 
     @Mock IpConnectivityMetrics.Logger mMetricsService;
     @Mock DefaultNetworkMetrics mDefaultNetworkMetrics;
     @Mock INetworkManagementService mNetworkManagementService;
     @Mock INetworkStatsService mStatsService;
+    @Mock INetworkPolicyManager mNpm;
+    @Mock INetd mMockNetd;
+    @Mock NetworkStack mNetworkStack;
 
     private ArgumentCaptor<String[]> mStringArrayCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(String[].class);
 
@@ -235,7 +275,7 @@
         @Spy private Resources mResources;
         private final LinkedBlockingQueue<Intent> mStartedActivities = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
 
-        MockContext(Context base) {
+        MockContext(Context base, ContentProvider settingsProvider) {
             super(base);
 
             mResources = spy(base.getResources());
@@ -247,7 +287,7 @@
                     });
 
             mContentResolver = new MockContentResolver();
-            mContentResolver.addProvider(Settings.AUTHORITY, new FakeSettingsProvider());
+            mContentResolver.addProvider(Settings.AUTHORITY, settingsProvider);
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -275,6 +315,7 @@
         public Object getSystemService(String name) {
             if (Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mCm;
             if (Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mock(NotificationManager.class);
+            if (Context.NETWORK_STACK_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mNetworkStack;
             return super.getSystemService(name);
         }
 
@@ -362,7 +403,7 @@
     }
 
     private class MockNetworkAgent {
-        private final WrappedNetworkMonitor mWrappedNetworkMonitor;
+        private final INetworkMonitor mNetworkMonitor;
         private final NetworkInfo mNetworkInfo;
         private final NetworkCapabilities mNetworkCapabilities;
         private final HandlerThread mHandlerThread;
@@ -371,13 +412,33 @@
         private final ConditionVariable mPreventReconnectReceived = new ConditionVariable();
         private int mScore;
         private NetworkAgent mNetworkAgent;
-        private int mStartKeepaliveError = PacketKeepalive.ERROR_HARDWARE_UNSUPPORTED;
-        private int mStopKeepaliveError = PacketKeepalive.NO_KEEPALIVE;
+        private int mStartKeepaliveError = SocketKeepalive.ERROR_HARDWARE_UNSUPPORTED;
+        private int mStopKeepaliveError = SocketKeepalive.NO_KEEPALIVE;
         private Integer mExpectedKeepaliveSlot = null;
         // Contains the redirectUrl from networkStatus(). Before reading, wait for
         // mNetworkStatusReceived.
         private String mRedirectUrl;
 
+        private INetworkMonitorCallbacks mNmCallbacks;
+        private int mNmValidationResult = NETWORK_TEST_RESULT_INVALID;
+        private String mNmValidationRedirectUrl = null;
+        private boolean mNmProvNotificationRequested = false;
+
+        void setNetworkValid() {
+            mNmValidationResult = NETWORK_TEST_RESULT_VALID;
+            mNmValidationRedirectUrl = null;
+        }
+
+        void setNetworkInvalid() {
+            mNmValidationResult = NETWORK_TEST_RESULT_INVALID;
+            mNmValidationRedirectUrl = null;
+        }
+
+        void setNetworkPortal(String redirectUrl) {
+            setNetworkInvalid();
+            mNmValidationRedirectUrl = redirectUrl;
+        }
+
         MockNetworkAgent(int transport) {
             this(transport, new LinkProperties());
         }
@@ -410,6 +471,29 @@
             }
             mHandlerThread = new HandlerThread("Mock-" + typeName);
             mHandlerThread.start();
+
+            mNetworkMonitor = mock(INetworkMonitor.class);
+            final Answer validateAnswer = inv -> {
+                new Thread(this::onValidationRequested).start();
+                return null;
+            };
+
+            try {
+                doAnswer(validateAnswer).when(mNetworkMonitor).notifyNetworkConnected();
+                doAnswer(validateAnswer).when(mNetworkMonitor).forceReevaluation(anyInt());
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                fail(e.getMessage());
+            }
+
+            final ArgumentCaptor<NetworkParcelable> nmNetworkCaptor =
+                    ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NetworkParcelable.class);
+            final ArgumentCaptor<INetworkMonitorCallbacks> nmCbCaptor =
+                    ArgumentCaptor.forClass(INetworkMonitorCallbacks.class);
+            doNothing().when(mNetworkStack).makeNetworkMonitor(
+                    nmNetworkCaptor.capture(),
+                    any() /* name */,
+                    nmCbCaptor.capture());
+
             mNetworkAgent = new NetworkAgent(mHandlerThread.getLooper(), mServiceContext,
                     "Mock-" + typeName, mNetworkInfo, mNetworkCapabilities,
                     linkProperties, mScore, new NetworkMisc()) {
@@ -417,17 +501,17 @@
                 public void unwanted() { mDisconnected.open(); }
 
                 @Override
-                public void startPacketKeepalive(Message msg) {
+                public void startSocketKeepalive(Message msg) {
                     int slot = msg.arg1;
                     if (mExpectedKeepaliveSlot != null) {
                         assertEquals((int) mExpectedKeepaliveSlot, slot);
                     }
-                    onPacketKeepaliveEvent(slot, mStartKeepaliveError);
+                    onSocketKeepaliveEvent(slot, mStartKeepaliveError);
                 }
 
                 @Override
-                public void stopPacketKeepalive(Message msg) {
-                    onPacketKeepaliveEvent(msg.arg1, mStopKeepaliveError);
+                public void stopSocketKeepalive(Message msg) {
+                    onSocketKeepaliveEvent(msg.arg1, mStopKeepaliveError);
                 }
 
                 @Override
@@ -441,10 +525,41 @@
                     mPreventReconnectReceived.open();
                 }
             };
+
+            assertEquals(
+                    mNetworkAgent.netId, fromStableParcelable(nmNetworkCaptor.getValue()).netId);
+            mNmCallbacks = nmCbCaptor.getValue();
+
+            try {
+                mNmCallbacks.onNetworkMonitorCreated(mNetworkMonitor);
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                fail(e.getMessage());
+            }
+
             // Waits for the NetworkAgent to be registered, which includes the creation of the
             // NetworkMonitor.
             waitForIdle();
-            mWrappedNetworkMonitor = mService.getLastCreatedWrappedNetworkMonitor();
+        }
+
+        private void onValidationRequested() {
+            try {
+                if (mNmProvNotificationRequested
+                        && mNmValidationResult == NETWORK_TEST_RESULT_VALID) {
+                    mNmCallbacks.hideProvisioningNotification();
+                    mNmProvNotificationRequested = false;
+                }
+
+                mNmCallbacks.notifyNetworkTested(
+                        mNmValidationResult, mNmValidationRedirectUrl);
+
+                if (mNmValidationRedirectUrl != null) {
+                    mNmCallbacks.showProvisioningNotification(
+                            "test_provisioning_notif_action", "com.android.test.package");
+                    mNmProvNotificationRequested = true;
+                }
+            } catch (RemoteException e) {
+                fail(e.getMessage());
+            }
         }
 
         public void adjustScore(int change) {
@@ -515,7 +630,7 @@
             NetworkCallback callback = null;
             final ConditionVariable validatedCv = new ConditionVariable();
             if (validated) {
-                mWrappedNetworkMonitor.gen204ProbeResult = 204;
+                setNetworkValid();
                 NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                         .addTransportType(mNetworkCapabilities.getTransportTypes()[0])
                         .clearCapabilities()
@@ -540,15 +655,14 @@
             if (validated) {
                 // Wait for network to validate.
                 waitFor(validatedCv);
-                mWrappedNetworkMonitor.gen204ProbeResult = 500;
+                setNetworkInvalid();
             }
 
             if (callback != null) mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(callback);
         }
 
         public void connectWithCaptivePortal(String redirectUrl) {
-            mWrappedNetworkMonitor.gen204ProbeResult = 200;
-            mWrappedNetworkMonitor.gen204ProbeRedirectUrl = redirectUrl;
+            setNetworkPortal(redirectUrl);
             connect(false);
         }
 
@@ -579,10 +693,6 @@
             return mDisconnected;
         }
 
-        public WrappedNetworkMonitor getWrappedNetworkMonitor() {
-            return mWrappedNetworkMonitor;
-        }
-
         public void sendLinkProperties(LinkProperties lp) {
             mNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
         }
@@ -797,6 +907,7 @@
             mNetworkCapabilities.set(mMockNetworkAgent.getNetworkCapabilities());
             mConnected = true;
             mConfig = new VpnConfig();
+            mConfig.isMetered = false;
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -856,28 +967,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    // NetworkMonitor implementation allowing overriding of Internet connectivity probe result.
-    private class WrappedNetworkMonitor extends NetworkMonitor {
-        public final Handler connectivityHandler;
-        // HTTP response code fed back to NetworkMonitor for Internet connectivity probe.
-        public int gen204ProbeResult = 500;
-        public String gen204ProbeRedirectUrl = null;
-
-        public WrappedNetworkMonitor(Context context, Handler handler,
-                NetworkAgentInfo networkAgentInfo, NetworkRequest defaultRequest,
-                IpConnectivityLog log) {
-            super(context, handler, networkAgentInfo, defaultRequest, log,
-                    NetworkMonitor.NetworkMonitorSettings.DEFAULT);
-            connectivityHandler = handler;
-        }
-
-        @Override
-        protected CaptivePortalProbeResult isCaptivePortal() {
-            if (!mIsCaptivePortalCheckEnabled) { return new CaptivePortalProbeResult(204); }
-            return new CaptivePortalProbeResult(gen204ProbeResult, gen204ProbeRedirectUrl, null);
-        }
-    }
-
     private class WrappedMultinetworkPolicyTracker extends MultinetworkPolicyTracker {
         public volatile boolean configRestrictsAvoidBadWifi;
         public volatile int configMeteredMultipathPreference;
@@ -899,13 +988,13 @@
 
     private class WrappedConnectivityService extends ConnectivityService {
         public WrappedMultinetworkPolicyTracker wrappedMultinetworkPolicyTracker;
-        private WrappedNetworkMonitor mLastCreatedNetworkMonitor;
         private MockableSystemProperties mSystemProperties;
 
         public WrappedConnectivityService(Context context, INetworkManagementService netManager,
                 INetworkStatsService statsService, INetworkPolicyManager policyManager,
-                IpConnectivityLog log) {
+                IpConnectivityLog log, INetd netd) {
             super(context, netManager, statsService, policyManager, log);
+            mNetd = netd;
             mLingerDelayMs = TEST_LINGER_DELAY_MS;
         }
 
@@ -920,6 +1009,16 @@
         }
 
         @Override
+        protected Tethering makeTethering() {
+            return mock(Tethering.class);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        protected ProxyTracker makeProxyTracker() {
+            return mock(ProxyTracker.class);
+        }
+
+        @Override
         protected int reserveNetId() {
             while (true) {
                 final int netId = super.reserveNetId();
@@ -942,12 +1041,12 @@
         }
 
         @Override
-        public NetworkMonitor createNetworkMonitor(Context context, Handler handler,
-                NetworkAgentInfo nai, NetworkRequest defaultRequest) {
-            final WrappedNetworkMonitor monitor = new WrappedNetworkMonitor(
-                    context, handler, nai, defaultRequest, mock(IpConnectivityLog.class));
-            mLastCreatedNetworkMonitor = monitor;
-            return monitor;
+        protected boolean queryUserAccess(int uid, int netId) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        public Nat464Xlat getNat464Xlat(MockNetworkAgent mna) {
+            return getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(mna.getNetwork()).clatd;
         }
 
         @Override
@@ -983,10 +1082,6 @@
         protected void registerNetdEventCallback() {
         }
 
-        public WrappedNetworkMonitor getLastCreatedWrappedNetworkMonitor() {
-            return mLastCreatedNetworkMonitor;
-        }
-
         public void mockVpn(int uid) {
             synchronized (mVpns) {
                 int userId = UserHandle.getUserId(uid);
@@ -1005,6 +1100,20 @@
         public void waitForIdle() {
             waitForIdle(TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
+
+        public void setUidRulesChanged(int uidRules) {
+            try {
+                mPolicyListener.onUidRulesChanged(Process.myUid(), uidRules);
+            } catch (RemoteException ignored) {
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void setRestrictBackgroundChanged(boolean restrictBackground) {
+            try {
+                mPolicyListener.onRestrictBackgroundChanged(restrictBackground);
+            } catch (RemoteException ignored) {
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1031,15 +1140,24 @@
             Looper.prepare();
         }
 
-        mServiceContext = new MockContext(InstrumentationRegistry.getContext());
+        FakeSettingsProvider.clearSettingsProvider();
+        mServiceContext = new MockContext(InstrumentationRegistry.getContext(),
+                new FakeSettingsProvider());
         LocalServices.removeServiceForTest(NetworkPolicyManagerInternal.class);
         LocalServices.addService(
                 NetworkPolicyManagerInternal.class, mock(NetworkPolicyManagerInternal.class));
+
         mService = new WrappedConnectivityService(mServiceContext,
                 mNetworkManagementService,
                 mStatsService,
-                mock(INetworkPolicyManager.class),
-                mock(IpConnectivityLog.class));
+                mNpm,
+                mock(IpConnectivityLog.class),
+                mMockNetd);
+
+        final ArgumentCaptor<INetworkPolicyListener> policyListenerCaptor =
+                ArgumentCaptor.forClass(INetworkPolicyListener.class);
+        verify(mNpm).registerListener(policyListenerCaptor.capture());
+        mPolicyListener = policyListenerCaptor.getValue();
 
         // Create local CM before sending system ready so that we can answer
         // getSystemService() correctly.
@@ -1050,13 +1168,13 @@
 
         // Ensure that the default setting for Captive Portals is used for most tests
         setCaptivePortalMode(Settings.Global.CAPTIVE_PORTAL_MODE_PROMPT);
-        setMobileDataAlwaysOn(false);
+        setAlwaysOnNetworks(false);
         setPrivateDnsSettings(PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OFF, "ignored.example.com");
     }
 
     @After
     public void tearDown() throws Exception {
-        setMobileDataAlwaysOn(false);
+        setAlwaysOnNetworks(false);
         if (mCellNetworkAgent != null) {
             mCellNetworkAgent.disconnect();
             mCellNetworkAgent = null;
@@ -1069,6 +1187,7 @@
             mEthernetNetworkAgent.disconnect();
             mEthernetNetworkAgent = null;
         }
+        FakeSettingsProvider.clearSettingsProvider();
     }
 
     private static int transportToLegacyType(int transport) {
@@ -1411,6 +1530,12 @@
         verifyActiveNetwork(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void testRequiresValidation() {
+        assertTrue(NetworkMonitorUtils.isValidationRequired(
+                mCm.getDefaultRequest().networkCapabilities));
+    }
+
     enum CallbackState {
         NONE,
         AVAILABLE,
@@ -1420,7 +1545,8 @@
         RESUMED,
         LOSING,
         LOST,
-        UNAVAILABLE
+        UNAVAILABLE,
+        BLOCKED_STATUS
     }
 
     private static class CallbackInfo {
@@ -1452,11 +1578,6 @@
      * received. assertNoCallback may be called at any time.
      */
     private class TestNetworkCallback extends NetworkCallback {
-        // Chosen to be much less than the linger timeout. This ensures that we can distinguish
-        // between a LOST callback that arrives immediately and a LOST callback that arrives after
-        // the linger timeout.
-        private final static int TIMEOUT_MS = 100;
-
         private final LinkedBlockingQueue<CallbackInfo> mCallbacks = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
         private Network mLastAvailableNetwork;
 
@@ -1506,6 +1627,11 @@
             setLastCallback(CallbackState.LOST, network, null);
         }
 
+        @Override
+        public void onBlockedStatusChanged(Network network, boolean blocked) {
+            setLastCallback(CallbackState.BLOCKED_STATUS, network, blocked);
+        }
+
         public Network getLastAvailableNetwork() {
             return mLastAvailableNetwork;
         }
@@ -1532,20 +1658,20 @@
             if (state == CallbackState.LOSING) {
                 String msg = String.format(
                         "Invalid linger time value %d, must be between %d and %d",
-                        actual.arg, 0, TEST_LINGER_DELAY_MS);
+                        actual.arg, 0, mService.mLingerDelayMs);
                 int maxMsToLive = (Integer) actual.arg;
-                assertTrue(msg, 0 <= maxMsToLive && maxMsToLive <= TEST_LINGER_DELAY_MS);
+                assertTrue(msg, 0 <= maxMsToLive && maxMsToLive <= mService.mLingerDelayMs);
             }
 
             return actual;
         }
 
         CallbackInfo expectCallback(CallbackState state, MockNetworkAgent agent) {
-            return expectCallback(state, agent, TIMEOUT_MS);
+            return expectCallback(state, agent, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
         CallbackInfo expectCallbackLike(Predicate<CallbackInfo> fn) {
-            return expectCallbackLike(fn, TIMEOUT_MS);
+            return expectCallbackLike(fn, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
         CallbackInfo expectCallbackLike(Predicate<CallbackInfo> fn, int timeoutMs) {
@@ -1566,6 +1692,7 @@
         // - onSuspended, iff the network was suspended when the callbacks fire.
         // - onCapabilitiesChanged.
         // - onLinkPropertiesChanged.
+        // - onBlockedStatusChanged.
         //
         // @param agent the network to expect the callbacks on.
         // @param expectSuspended whether to expect a SUSPENDED callback.
@@ -1573,7 +1700,7 @@
         //        onCapabilitiesChanged callback.
         // @param timeoutMs how long to wait for the callbacks.
         void expectAvailableCallbacks(MockNetworkAgent agent, boolean expectSuspended,
-                boolean expectValidated, int timeoutMs) {
+                boolean expectValidated, boolean expectBlocked, int timeoutMs) {
             expectCallback(CallbackState.AVAILABLE, agent, timeoutMs);
             if (expectSuspended) {
                 expectCallback(CallbackState.SUSPENDED, agent, timeoutMs);
@@ -1584,19 +1711,28 @@
                 expectCapabilitiesWithout(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, agent, timeoutMs);
             }
             expectCallback(CallbackState.LINK_PROPERTIES, agent, timeoutMs);
+            expectBlockedStatusCallback(expectBlocked, agent);
         }
 
         // Expects the available callbacks (validated), plus onSuspended.
         void expectAvailableAndSuspendedCallbacks(MockNetworkAgent agent, boolean expectValidated) {
-            expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, true, expectValidated, TIMEOUT_MS);
+            expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, true, expectValidated, false, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
         void expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(MockNetworkAgent agent) {
-            expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, false, true, TIMEOUT_MS);
+            expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, false, true, false, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
+        }
+
+        void expectAvailableCallbacksValidatedAndBlocked(MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+            expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, false, true, true, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
         void expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(MockNetworkAgent agent) {
-            expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, false, false, TIMEOUT_MS);
+            expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, false, false, false, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
+        }
+
+        void expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidatedAndBlocked(MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+            expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, false, false, true, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
         // Expects the available callbacks (where the onCapabilitiesChanged must contain the
@@ -1604,9 +1740,12 @@
         // one we just sent.
         // TODO: this is likely a bug. Fix it and remove this method.
         void expectAvailableDoubleValidatedCallbacks(MockNetworkAgent agent) {
-            expectCallback(CallbackState.AVAILABLE, agent, TIMEOUT_MS);
+            expectCallback(CallbackState.AVAILABLE, agent, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
             NetworkCapabilities nc1 = expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, agent);
-            expectCallback(CallbackState.LINK_PROPERTIES, agent, TIMEOUT_MS);
+            expectCallback(CallbackState.LINK_PROPERTIES, agent, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
+            // Implicitly check the network is allowed to use.
+            // TODO: should we need to consider if network is in blocked status in this case?
+            expectBlockedStatusCallback(false, agent);
             NetworkCapabilities nc2 = expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, agent);
             assertEquals(nc1, nc2);
         }
@@ -1620,7 +1759,7 @@
         }
 
         NetworkCapabilities expectCapabilitiesWith(int capability, MockNetworkAgent agent) {
-            return expectCapabilitiesWith(capability, agent, TIMEOUT_MS);
+            return expectCapabilitiesWith(capability, agent, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
         NetworkCapabilities expectCapabilitiesWith(int capability, MockNetworkAgent agent,
@@ -1632,7 +1771,7 @@
         }
 
         NetworkCapabilities expectCapabilitiesWithout(int capability, MockNetworkAgent agent) {
-            return expectCapabilitiesWithout(capability, agent, TIMEOUT_MS);
+            return expectCapabilitiesWithout(capability, agent, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
         NetworkCapabilities expectCapabilitiesWithout(int capability, MockNetworkAgent agent,
@@ -1649,6 +1788,12 @@
                     fn.test((NetworkCapabilities) cbi.arg));
         }
 
+        void expectBlockedStatusCallback(boolean expectBlocked, MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+            CallbackInfo cbi = expectCallback(CallbackState.BLOCKED_STATUS, agent);
+            boolean actualBlocked = (boolean) cbi.arg;
+            assertEquals(expectBlocked, actualBlocked);
+        }
+
         void assertNoCallback() {
             waitForIdle();
             CallbackInfo c = mCallbacks.peek();
@@ -1756,6 +1901,12 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testMultipleLingering() {
+        // This test would be flaky with the default 120ms timer: that is short enough that
+        // lingered networks are torn down before assertions can be run. We don't want to mock the
+        // lingering timer to keep the WakeupMessage logic realistic: this has already proven useful
+        // in detecting races.
+        mService.mLingerDelayMs = 300;
+
         NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .clearCapabilities().addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED)
                 .build();
@@ -1973,7 +2124,7 @@
 
         // Let linger run its course.
         callback.assertNoCallback();
-        final int lingerTimeoutMs = TEST_LINGER_DELAY_MS + TEST_LINGER_DELAY_MS / 4;
+        final int lingerTimeoutMs = mService.mLingerDelayMs + mService.mLingerDelayMs / 4;
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mCellNetworkAgent, lingerTimeoutMs);
 
         // Register a TRACK_DEFAULT request and check that it does not affect lingering.
@@ -2005,7 +2156,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testNetworkGoesIntoBackgroundAfterLinger() {
-        setMobileDataAlwaysOn(true);
+        setAlwaysOnNetworks(true);
         NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .clearCapabilities()
                 .build();
@@ -2355,7 +2506,7 @@
 
         // Make captive portal disappear then revalidate.
         // Expect onLost callback because network no longer provides NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL.
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.getWrappedNetworkMonitor().gen204ProbeResult = 204;
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkValid();
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), true);
         captivePortalCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
@@ -2364,13 +2515,13 @@
 
         // Break network connectivity.
         // Expect NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED onLost callback.
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.getWrappedNetworkMonitor().gen204ProbeResult = 500;
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkInvalid();
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), false);
         validatedCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testCaptivePortalApp() {
+    public void testCaptivePortalApp() throws RemoteException {
         final TestNetworkCallback captivePortalCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         final NetworkRequest captivePortalRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL).build();
@@ -2393,21 +2544,19 @@
         mServiceContext.expectNoStartActivityIntent(fastTimeoutMs);
 
         // Turn into a captive portal.
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.getWrappedNetworkMonitor().gen204ProbeResult = 302;
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkPortal("http://example.com");
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(wifiNetwork, false);
         captivePortalCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         validatedCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
-        // Check that startCaptivePortalApp sends the expected intent.
+        // Check that startCaptivePortalApp sends the expected command to NetworkMonitor.
         mCm.startCaptivePortalApp(wifiNetwork);
-        Intent intent = mServiceContext.expectStartActivityIntent(TIMEOUT_MS);
-        assertEquals(ConnectivityManager.ACTION_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_SIGN_IN, intent.getAction());
-        assertEquals(wifiNetwork, intent.getExtra(ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_NETWORK));
+        verify(mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS).times(1))
+                .launchCaptivePortalApp();
 
-        // Have the app report that the captive portal is dismissed, and check that we revalidate.
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.getWrappedNetworkMonitor().gen204ProbeResult = 204;
-        CaptivePortal c = (CaptivePortal) intent.getExtra(ConnectivityManager.EXTRA_CAPTIVE_PORTAL);
-        c.reportCaptivePortalDismissed();
+        // Report that the captive portal is dismissed, and check that callbacks are fired
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkValid();
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor.forceReevaluation(Process.myUid());
         validatedCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         captivePortalCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
@@ -2440,36 +2589,82 @@
         waitFor(avoidCv);
 
         assertNoCallbacks(captivePortalCallback, validatedCallback);
-
-        // Now test ignore mode.
-        setCaptivePortalMode(Settings.Global.CAPTIVE_PORTAL_MODE_IGNORE);
-
-        // Bring up a network with a captive portal.
-        // Since we're ignoring captive portals, the network will validate.
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
-        String secondRedirectUrl = "http://example.com/secondPath";
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connectWithCaptivePortal(secondRedirectUrl);
-
-        // Expect NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED onAvailable callback.
-        validatedCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
-        // But there should be no CaptivePortal callback.
-        captivePortalCallback.assertNoCallback();
     }
 
     private NetworkRequest.Builder newWifiRequestBuilder() {
         return new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Verify request matching behavior with network specifiers.
+     *
+     * Note: this test is somewhat problematic since it involves removing capabilities from
+     * agents - i.e. agents rejecting requests which they previously accepted. This is flagged
+     * as a WTF bug in
+     * {@link ConnectivityService#mixInCapabilities(NetworkAgentInfo, NetworkCapabilities)} but
+     * does work.
+     */
     @Test
     public void testNetworkSpecifier() {
+        // A NetworkSpecifier subclass that matches all networks but must not be visible to apps.
+        class ConfidentialMatchAllNetworkSpecifier extends NetworkSpecifier implements
+                Parcelable {
+            @Override
+            public boolean satisfiedBy(NetworkSpecifier other) {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public int describeContents() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {}
+
+            @Override
+            public NetworkSpecifier redact() {
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // A network specifier that matches either another LocalNetworkSpecifier with the same
+        // string or a ConfidentialMatchAllNetworkSpecifier, and can be passed to apps as is.
+        class LocalStringNetworkSpecifier extends NetworkSpecifier implements Parcelable {
+            private String mString;
+
+            LocalStringNetworkSpecifier(String string) {
+                mString = string;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean satisfiedBy(NetworkSpecifier other) {
+                if (other instanceof LocalStringNetworkSpecifier) {
+                    return TextUtils.equals(mString,
+                            ((LocalStringNetworkSpecifier) other).mString);
+                }
+                if (other instanceof ConfidentialMatchAllNetworkSpecifier) return true;
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public int describeContents() {
+                return 0;
+            }
+            @Override
+            public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {}
+        }
+
+
         NetworkRequest rEmpty1 = newWifiRequestBuilder().build();
         NetworkRequest rEmpty2 = newWifiRequestBuilder().setNetworkSpecifier((String) null).build();
         NetworkRequest rEmpty3 = newWifiRequestBuilder().setNetworkSpecifier("").build();
         NetworkRequest rEmpty4 = newWifiRequestBuilder().setNetworkSpecifier(
             (NetworkSpecifier) null).build();
-        NetworkRequest rFoo = newWifiRequestBuilder().setNetworkSpecifier("foo").build();
+        NetworkRequest rFoo = newWifiRequestBuilder().setNetworkSpecifier(
+                new LocalStringNetworkSpecifier("foo")).build();
         NetworkRequest rBar = newWifiRequestBuilder().setNetworkSpecifier(
-                new StringNetworkSpecifier("bar")).build();
+                new LocalStringNetworkSpecifier("bar")).build();
 
         TestNetworkCallback cEmpty1 = new TestNetworkCallback();
         TestNetworkCallback cEmpty2 = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -2478,7 +2673,7 @@
         TestNetworkCallback cFoo = new TestNetworkCallback();
         TestNetworkCallback cBar = new TestNetworkCallback();
         TestNetworkCallback[] emptyCallbacks = new TestNetworkCallback[] {
-                cEmpty1, cEmpty2, cEmpty3 };
+                cEmpty1, cEmpty2, cEmpty3, cEmpty4 };
 
         mCm.registerNetworkCallback(rEmpty1, cEmpty1);
         mCm.registerNetworkCallback(rEmpty2, cEmpty2);
@@ -2487,6 +2682,9 @@
         mCm.registerNetworkCallback(rFoo, cFoo);
         mCm.registerNetworkCallback(rBar, cBar);
 
+        LocalStringNetworkSpecifier nsFoo = new LocalStringNetworkSpecifier("foo");
+        LocalStringNetworkSpecifier nsBar = new LocalStringNetworkSpecifier("bar");
+
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(false);
         cEmpty1.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
@@ -2495,30 +2693,54 @@
         cEmpty4.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         assertNoCallbacks(cFoo, cBar);
 
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkSpecifier(new StringNetworkSpecifier("foo"));
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkSpecifier(nsFoo);
         cFoo.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         for (TestNetworkCallback c: emptyCallbacks) {
-            c.expectCallback(CallbackState.NETWORK_CAPABILITIES, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+            c.expectCapabilitiesLike((caps) -> caps.getNetworkSpecifier().equals(nsFoo),
+                    mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         }
-        cFoo.expectCallback(CallbackState.NETWORK_CAPABILITIES, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        cFoo.expectCapabilitiesLike((caps) -> caps.getNetworkSpecifier().equals(nsFoo),
+                mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        assertEquals(nsFoo,
+                mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork()).getNetworkSpecifier());
         cFoo.assertNoCallback();
 
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkSpecifier(new StringNetworkSpecifier("bar"));
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkSpecifier(nsBar);
         cFoo.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         cBar.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         for (TestNetworkCallback c: emptyCallbacks) {
-            c.expectCallback(CallbackState.NETWORK_CAPABILITIES, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+            c.expectCapabilitiesLike((caps) -> caps.getNetworkSpecifier().equals(nsBar),
+                    mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         }
-        cBar.expectCallback(CallbackState.NETWORK_CAPABILITIES, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        cBar.expectCapabilitiesLike((caps) -> caps.getNetworkSpecifier().equals(nsBar),
+                mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        assertEquals(nsBar,
+                mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork()).getNetworkSpecifier());
+        cBar.assertNoCallback();
+
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkSpecifier(new ConfidentialMatchAllNetworkSpecifier());
+        cFoo.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        for (TestNetworkCallback c : emptyCallbacks) {
+            c.expectCapabilitiesLike((caps) -> caps.getNetworkSpecifier() == null,
+                    mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        }
+        cFoo.expectCapabilitiesLike((caps) -> caps.getNetworkSpecifier() == null,
+                mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        cBar.expectCapabilitiesLike((caps) -> caps.getNetworkSpecifier() == null,
+                mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        assertNull(
+                mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork()).getNetworkSpecifier());
+        cFoo.assertNoCallback();
         cBar.assertNoCallback();
 
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkSpecifier(null);
+        cFoo.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         cBar.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         for (TestNetworkCallback c: emptyCallbacks) {
             c.expectCallback(CallbackState.NETWORK_CAPABILITIES, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         }
 
-        assertNoCallbacks(cEmpty1, cEmpty2, cEmpty3, cFoo, cBar);
+        assertNoCallbacks(cEmpty1, cEmpty2, cEmpty3, cEmpty4, cFoo, cBar);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -2750,10 +2972,10 @@
         Settings.Global.putInt(cr, Settings.Global.CAPTIVE_PORTAL_MODE, mode);
     }
 
-    private void setMobileDataAlwaysOn(boolean enable) {
+    private void setAlwaysOnNetworks(boolean enable) {
         ContentResolver cr = mServiceContext.getContentResolver();
         Settings.Global.putInt(cr, Settings.Global.MOBILE_DATA_ALWAYS_ON, enable ? 1 : 0);
-        mService.updateMobileDataAlwaysOn();
+        mService.updateAlwaysOnNetworks();
         waitForIdle();
     }
 
@@ -2775,7 +2997,7 @@
     public void testBackgroundNetworks() throws Exception {
         // Create a background request. We can't do this ourselves because ConnectivityService
         // doesn't have an API for it. So just turn on mobile data always on.
-        setMobileDataAlwaysOn(true);
+        setAlwaysOnNetworks(true);
         final NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder().build();
         final NetworkRequest fgRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_FOREGROUND).build();
@@ -2973,7 +3195,7 @@
 
         // Turn on mobile data always on. The factory starts looking again.
         testFactory.expectAddRequests(1);
-        setMobileDataAlwaysOn(true);
+        setAlwaysOnNetworks(true);
         testFactory.waitForNetworkRequests(2);
         assertTrue(testFactory.getMyStartRequested());
 
@@ -2993,7 +3215,7 @@
 
         // Turn off mobile data always on and expect the request to disappear...
         testFactory.expectRemoveRequests(1);
-        setMobileDataAlwaysOn(false);
+        setAlwaysOnNetworks(false);
         testFactory.waitForNetworkRequests(1);
 
         // ...  and cell data to be torn down.
@@ -3085,7 +3307,7 @@
         Network wifiNetwork = mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork();
 
         // Fail validation on wifi.
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.getWrappedNetworkMonitor().gen204ProbeResult = 599;
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkInvalid();
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(wifiNetwork, false);
         defaultCallback.expectCapabilitiesWithout(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         validatedWifiCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
@@ -3129,7 +3351,7 @@
         wifiNetwork = mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork();
 
         // Fail validation on wifi and expect the dialog to appear.
-        mWiFiNetworkAgent.getWrappedNetworkMonitor().gen204ProbeResult = 599;
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkInvalid();
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(wifiNetwork, false);
         defaultCallback.expectCapabilitiesWithout(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         validatedWifiCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
@@ -3197,12 +3419,12 @@
         NetworkRequest nr = new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(
                 NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
         final TestNetworkCallback networkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
-        final int timeoutMs = 150;
-        mCm.requestNetwork(nr, networkCallback, timeoutMs);
+        mCm.requestNetwork(nr, networkCallback, TEST_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS);
 
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(false);
-        networkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacks(mWiFiNetworkAgent, false, false, timeoutMs);
+        networkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacks(mWiFiNetworkAgent, false, false, false,
+                TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
 
         // pass timeout and validate that UNAVAILABLE is not called
         networkCallback.assertNoCallback();
@@ -3217,13 +3439,12 @@
         NetworkRequest nr = new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(
                 NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
         final TestNetworkCallback networkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
-        final int requestTimeoutMs = 50;
-        mCm.requestNetwork(nr, networkCallback, requestTimeoutMs);
+        mCm.requestNetwork(nr, networkCallback, TEST_REQUEST_TIMEOUT_MS);
 
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(false);
-        final int assertTimeoutMs = 100;
-        networkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacks(mWiFiNetworkAgent, false, false, assertTimeoutMs);
+        networkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacks(mWiFiNetworkAgent, false, false, false,
+                TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
         networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
 
@@ -3349,6 +3570,80 @@
         }
     }
 
+    private static class TestSocketKeepaliveCallback extends SocketKeepalive.Callback {
+
+        public enum CallbackType { ON_STARTED, ON_STOPPED, ON_ERROR };
+
+        private class CallbackValue {
+            public CallbackType callbackType;
+            public int error;
+
+            CallbackValue(CallbackType type) {
+                this.callbackType = type;
+                this.error = SocketKeepalive.SUCCESS;
+                assertTrue("onError callback must have error", type != CallbackType.ON_ERROR);
+            }
+
+            CallbackValue(CallbackType type, int error) {
+                this.callbackType = type;
+                this.error = error;
+                assertEquals("error can only be set for onError", type, CallbackType.ON_ERROR);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public boolean equals(Object o) {
+                return o instanceof CallbackValue
+                        && this.callbackType == ((CallbackValue) o).callbackType
+                        && this.error == ((CallbackValue) o).error;
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public String toString() {
+                return String.format("%s(%s, %d)", getClass().getSimpleName(), callbackType,
+                        error);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private LinkedBlockingQueue<CallbackValue> mCallbacks = new LinkedBlockingQueue<>();
+
+        @Override
+        public void onStarted() {
+            mCallbacks.add(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_STARTED));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onStopped() {
+            mCallbacks.add(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_STOPPED));
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onError(int error) {
+            mCallbacks.add(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_ERROR, error));
+        }
+
+        private void expectCallback(CallbackValue callbackValue) {
+            try {
+                assertEquals(
+                        callbackValue,
+                        mCallbacks.poll(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                fail(callbackValue.callbackType + " callback not seen after " + TIMEOUT_MS + " ms");
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void expectStarted() {
+            expectCallback(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_STARTED));
+        }
+
+        public void expectStopped() {
+            expectCallback(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_STOPPED));
+        }
+
+        public void expectError(int error) {
+            expectCallback(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_ERROR, error));
+        }
+    }
+
     private Network connectKeepaliveNetwork(LinkProperties lp) {
         // Ensure the network is disconnected before we do anything.
         if (mWiFiNetworkAgent != null) {
@@ -3496,6 +3791,155 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testNattSocketKeepalives() throws Exception {
+        final ExecutorService executorSingleThread = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+        doTestNattSocketKeepalivesWithExecutor(executorSingleThread);
+        executorSingleThread.shutdown();
+
+        final Executor executorInline = (Runnable r) -> r.run();
+        doTestNattSocketKeepalivesWithExecutor(executorInline);
+    }
+
+    private void doTestNattSocketKeepalivesWithExecutor(Executor executor) throws Exception {
+        // TODO: 1. Move this outside of ConnectivityServiceTest.
+        //       2. Make test to verify that Nat-T keepalive socket is created by IpSecService.
+        final int srcPort = 12345;
+        final InetAddress myIPv4 = InetAddress.getByName("192.0.2.129");
+        final InetAddress notMyIPv4 = InetAddress.getByName("192.0.2.35");
+        final InetAddress myIPv6 = InetAddress.getByName("2001:db8::1");
+        final InetAddress dstIPv4 = InetAddress.getByName("8.8.8.8");
+        final InetAddress dstIPv6 = InetAddress.getByName("2001:4860:4860::8888");
+
+        final int validKaInterval = 15;
+        final int invalidKaInterval = 9;
+
+        final IpSecManager mIpSec = (IpSecManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.IPSEC_SERVICE);
+        final UdpEncapsulationSocket testSocket = mIpSec.openUdpEncapsulationSocket(srcPort);
+
+        LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
+        lp.setInterfaceName("wlan12");
+        lp.addLinkAddress(new LinkAddress(myIPv6, 64));
+        lp.addLinkAddress(new LinkAddress(myIPv4, 25));
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(InetAddress.getByName("fe80::1234")));
+        lp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(InetAddress.getByName("192.0.2.254")));
+
+        Network notMyNet = new Network(61234);
+        Network myNet = connectKeepaliveNetwork(lp);
+
+        TestSocketKeepaliveCallback callback = new TestSocketKeepaliveCallback();
+        SocketKeepalive ka;
+
+        // Attempt to start keepalives with invalid parameters and check for errors.
+        // Invalid network.
+        ka = mCm.createSocketKeepalive(notMyNet, testSocket, myIPv4, dstIPv4, executor, callback);
+        ka.start(validKaInterval);
+        callback.expectError(SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_NETWORK);
+
+        // Invalid interval.
+        ka = mCm.createSocketKeepalive(myNet, testSocket, myIPv4, dstIPv4, executor, callback);
+        ka.start(invalidKaInterval);
+        callback.expectError(SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_INTERVAL);
+
+        // Invalid destination.
+        ka = mCm.createSocketKeepalive(myNet, testSocket, myIPv4, dstIPv6, executor, callback);
+        ka.start(validKaInterval);
+        callback.expectError(SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS);
+
+        // Invalid source;
+        ka = mCm.createSocketKeepalive(myNet, testSocket, myIPv6, dstIPv4, executor, callback);
+        ka.start(validKaInterval);
+        callback.expectError(SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS);
+
+        // NAT-T is only supported for IPv4.
+        ka = mCm.createSocketKeepalive(myNet, testSocket, myIPv6, dstIPv6, executor, callback);
+        ka.start(validKaInterval);
+        callback.expectError(SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS);
+
+        // Sanity check before testing started keepalive.
+        ka = mCm.createSocketKeepalive(myNet, testSocket, myIPv4, dstIPv4, executor, callback);
+        ka.start(validKaInterval);
+        callback.expectError(SocketKeepalive.ERROR_HARDWARE_UNSUPPORTED);
+
+        // Check that a started keepalive can be stopped.
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setStartKeepaliveError(SocketKeepalive.SUCCESS);
+        ka = mCm.createSocketKeepalive(myNet, testSocket, myIPv4, dstIPv4, executor, callback);
+        ka.start(validKaInterval);
+        callback.expectStarted();
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setStopKeepaliveError(SocketKeepalive.SUCCESS);
+        ka.stop();
+        callback.expectStopped();
+
+        // Check that deleting the IP address stops the keepalive.
+        LinkProperties bogusLp = new LinkProperties(lp);
+        ka = mCm.createSocketKeepalive(myNet, testSocket, myIPv4, dstIPv4, executor, callback);
+        ka.start(validKaInterval);
+        callback.expectStarted();
+        bogusLp.removeLinkAddress(new LinkAddress(myIPv4, 25));
+        bogusLp.addLinkAddress(new LinkAddress(notMyIPv4, 25));
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(bogusLp);
+        callback.expectError(SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_IP_ADDRESS);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
+
+        // Check that a started keepalive is stopped correctly when the network disconnects.
+        ka = mCm.createSocketKeepalive(myNet, testSocket, myIPv4, dstIPv4, executor, callback);
+        ka.start(validKaInterval);
+        callback.expectStarted();
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        waitFor(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getDisconnectedCV());
+        callback.expectError(SocketKeepalive.ERROR_INVALID_NETWORK);
+
+        // ... and that stopping it after that has no adverse effects.
+        waitForIdle();
+        final Network myNetAlias = myNet;
+        assertNull(mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(myNetAlias));
+        ka.stop();
+
+        // Reconnect.
+        myNet = connectKeepaliveNetwork(lp);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setStartKeepaliveError(SocketKeepalive.SUCCESS);
+
+        // Check things work as expected when the keepalive is stopped and the network disconnects.
+        ka = mCm.createSocketKeepalive(myNet, testSocket, myIPv4, dstIPv4, executor, callback);
+        ka.start(validKaInterval);
+        callback.expectStarted();
+        ka.stop();
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        waitFor(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getDisconnectedCV());
+        waitForIdle();
+        callback.expectStopped();
+
+        // Reconnect.
+        myNet = connectKeepaliveNetwork(lp);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setStartKeepaliveError(SocketKeepalive.SUCCESS);
+
+        // Check that keepalive slots start from 1 and increment. The first one gets slot 1.
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setExpectedKeepaliveSlot(1);
+        ka = mCm.createSocketKeepalive(myNet, testSocket, myIPv4, dstIPv4, executor, callback);
+        ka.start(validKaInterval);
+        callback.expectStarted();
+
+        // The second one gets slot 2.
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.setExpectedKeepaliveSlot(2);
+        final UdpEncapsulationSocket testSocket2 = mIpSec.openUdpEncapsulationSocket(6789);
+        TestSocketKeepaliveCallback callback2 = new TestSocketKeepaliveCallback();
+        SocketKeepalive ka2 =
+                mCm.createSocketKeepalive(myNet, testSocket2, myIPv4, dstIPv4, executor, callback2);
+        ka2.start(validKaInterval);
+        callback2.expectStarted();
+
+        ka.stop();
+        callback.expectStopped();
+
+        ka2.stop();
+        callback2.expectStopped();
+
+        testSocket.close();
+        testSocket2.close();
+
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testGetCaptivePortalServerUrl() throws Exception {
         String url = mCm.getCaptivePortalServerUrl();
         assertEquals("http://connectivitycheck.gstatic.com/generate_204", url);
@@ -3781,6 +4225,7 @@
         networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.NETWORK_CAPABILITIES, networkAgent);
         CallbackInfo cbi = networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LINK_PROPERTIES,
                 networkAgent);
+        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.BLOCKED_STATUS, networkAgent);
         networkCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, networkAgent);
         networkCallback.assertNoCallback();
         checkDirectlyConnectedRoutes(cbi.arg, Arrays.asList(myIpv4Address),
@@ -3918,11 +4363,9 @@
         final String TLS_SERVER6 = "2001:db8:53::53";
         final InetAddress[] TLS_IPS = new InetAddress[]{ InetAddress.getByName(TLS_SERVER6) };
         final String[] TLS_SERVERS = new String[]{ TLS_SERVER6 };
-        final Handler h = mCellNetworkAgent.getWrappedNetworkMonitor().connectivityHandler;
-        h.sendMessage(h.obtainMessage(
-                NetworkMonitor.EVENT_PRIVATE_DNS_CONFIG_RESOLVED, 0,
-                mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId,
-                new DnsManager.PrivateDnsConfig(TLS_SPECIFIER, TLS_IPS)));
+        mCellNetworkAgent.mNmCallbacks.notifyPrivateDnsConfigResolved(
+                new PrivateDnsConfig(TLS_SPECIFIER, TLS_IPS).toParcel());
+
         waitForIdle();
         verify(mNetworkManagementService, atLeastOnce()).setDnsConfigurationForNetwork(
                 anyInt(), mStringArrayCaptor.capture(), any(), any(),
@@ -3989,6 +4432,7 @@
                 mCellNetworkAgent);
         CallbackInfo cbi = cellNetworkCallback.expectCallback(
                 CallbackState.LINK_PROPERTIES, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.BLOCKED_STATUS, mCellNetworkAgent);
         cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
         assertFalse(((LinkProperties)cbi.arg).isPrivateDnsActive());
         assertNull(((LinkProperties)cbi.arg).getPrivateDnsServerName());
@@ -4047,6 +4491,7 @@
                 mCellNetworkAgent);
         CallbackInfo cbi = cellNetworkCallback.expectCallback(
                 CallbackState.LINK_PROPERTIES, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.BLOCKED_STATUS, mCellNetworkAgent);
         cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
         assertFalse(((LinkProperties)cbi.arg).isPrivateDnsActive());
         assertNull(((LinkProperties)cbi.arg).getPrivateDnsServerName());
@@ -4208,6 +4653,11 @@
         ranges.add(new UidRange(uid, uid));
         mMockVpn.setNetworkAgent(vpnNetworkAgent);
         mMockVpn.setUids(ranges);
+        // VPN networks do not satisfy the default request and are automatically validated
+        // by NetworkMonitor
+        assertFalse(NetworkMonitorUtils.isValidationRequired(vpnNetworkAgent.mNetworkCapabilities));
+        vpnNetworkAgent.setNetworkValid();
+
         vpnNetworkAgent.connect(false);
         mMockVpn.connect();
 
@@ -4422,4 +4872,371 @@
 
         mMockVpn.disconnect();
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNetworkBlockedStatus() {
+        final TestNetworkCallback cellNetworkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        final NetworkRequest cellRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
+                .build();
+        mCm.registerNetworkCallback(cellRequest, cellNetworkCallback);
+
+        mCellNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        mService.setUidRulesChanged(RULE_REJECT_ALL);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(true, mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        // ConnectivityService should cache it not to invoke the callback again.
+        mService.setUidRulesChanged(RULE_REJECT_METERED);
+        cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
+
+        mService.setUidRulesChanged(RULE_NONE);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(false, mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        mService.setUidRulesChanged(RULE_REJECT_METERED);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(true, mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        // Restrict the network based on UID rule and NOT_METERED capability change.
+        mCellNetworkAgent.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(false, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.removeCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectCapabilitiesWithout(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED,
+                mCellNetworkAgent);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(true, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        mService.setUidRulesChanged(RULE_ALLOW_METERED);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(false, mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        mService.setUidRulesChanged(RULE_NONE);
+        cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
+
+        // Restrict the network based on BackgroundRestricted.
+        mService.setRestrictBackgroundChanged(true);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(true, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        mService.setRestrictBackgroundChanged(true);
+        cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
+        mService.setRestrictBackgroundChanged(false);
+        cellNetworkCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(false, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        cellNetworkCallback.assertNoCallback();
+
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(cellNetworkCallback);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testNetworkBlockedStatusBeforeAndAfterConnect() {
+        final TestNetworkCallback defaultCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        mCm.registerDefaultNetworkCallback(defaultCallback);
+
+        // No Networkcallbacks invoked before any network is active.
+        mService.setUidRulesChanged(RULE_REJECT_ALL);
+        mService.setUidRulesChanged(RULE_NONE);
+        mService.setUidRulesChanged(RULE_REJECT_METERED);
+        defaultCallback.assertNoCallback();
+
+        mCellNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        defaultCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidatedAndBlocked(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        defaultCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        // Allow to use the network after switching to NOT_METERED network.
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        defaultCallback.expectAvailableDoubleValidatedCallbacks(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+
+        // Switch to METERED network. Restrict the use of the network.
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        defaultCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        defaultCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidatedAndBlocked(mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        // Network becomes NOT_METERED.
+        mCellNetworkAgent.addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED);
+        defaultCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        defaultCallback.expectBlockedStatusCallback(false, mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        // Verify there's no Networkcallbacks invoked after data saver on/off.
+        mService.setRestrictBackgroundChanged(true);
+        mService.setRestrictBackgroundChanged(false);
+        defaultCallback.assertNoCallback();
+
+        mCellNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        defaultCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        defaultCallback.assertNoCallback();
+
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(defaultCallback);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Make simulated InterfaceConfig for Nat464Xlat to query clat lower layer info.
+     */
+    private InterfaceConfiguration getClatInterfaceConfig(LinkAddress la) {
+        InterfaceConfiguration cfg = new InterfaceConfiguration();
+        cfg.setHardwareAddress("11:22:33:44:55:66");
+        cfg.setLinkAddress(la);
+        return cfg;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Make expected stack link properties, copied from Nat464Xlat.
+     */
+    private LinkProperties makeClatLinkProperties(LinkAddress la) {
+        LinkAddress clatAddress = la;
+        LinkProperties stacked = new LinkProperties();
+        stacked.setInterfaceName(CLAT_PREFIX + MOBILE_IFNAME);
+        RouteInfo ipv4Default = new RouteInfo(
+                new LinkAddress(Inet4Address.ANY, 0),
+                clatAddress.getAddress(), CLAT_PREFIX + MOBILE_IFNAME);
+        stacked.addRoute(ipv4Default);
+        stacked.addLinkAddress(clatAddress);
+        return stacked;
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testStackedLinkProperties() throws UnknownHostException, RemoteException {
+        final LinkAddress myIpv4 = new LinkAddress("1.2.3.4/24");
+        final LinkAddress myIpv6 = new LinkAddress("2001:db8:1::1/64");
+        final NetworkRequest networkRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
+                .build();
+        final TestNetworkCallback networkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        mCm.registerNetworkCallback(networkRequest, networkCallback);
+
+        // Prepare ipv6 only link properties and connect.
+        mCellNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
+        final LinkProperties cellLp = new LinkProperties();
+        cellLp.setInterfaceName(MOBILE_IFNAME);
+        cellLp.addLinkAddress(myIpv6);
+        cellLp.addRoute(new RouteInfo((IpPrefix) null, myIpv6.getAddress(), MOBILE_IFNAME));
+        cellLp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(myIpv6, null, MOBILE_IFNAME));
+        reset(mNetworkManagementService);
+        when(mNetworkManagementService.getInterfaceConfig(CLAT_PREFIX + MOBILE_IFNAME))
+                .thenReturn(getClatInterfaceConfig(myIpv4));
+
+        // Connect with ipv6 link properties, then expect clat setup ipv4 and update link
+        // properties properly.
+        mCellNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(cellLp);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        networkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).clatdStart(MOBILE_IFNAME);
+        Nat464Xlat clat = mService.getNat464Xlat(mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        // Clat iface up, expect stack link updated.
+        clat.interfaceLinkStateChanged(CLAT_PREFIX + MOBILE_IFNAME, true);
+        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LINK_PROPERTIES, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        List<LinkProperties> stackedLps = mCm.getLinkProperties(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork())
+                .getStackedLinks();
+        assertEquals(makeClatLinkProperties(myIpv4), stackedLps.get(0));
+
+        // Change trivial linkproperties and see if stacked link is preserved.
+        cellLp.addDnsServer(InetAddress.getByName("8.8.8.8"));
+        mCellNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(cellLp);
+        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LINK_PROPERTIES, mCellNetworkAgent);
+
+        List<LinkProperties> stackedLpsAfterChange =
+                mCm.getLinkProperties(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork()).getStackedLinks();
+        assertNotEquals(stackedLpsAfterChange, Collections.EMPTY_LIST);
+        assertEquals(makeClatLinkProperties(myIpv4), stackedLpsAfterChange.get(0));
+
+        // Add ipv4 address, expect stacked linkproperties be cleaned up
+        cellLp.addLinkAddress(myIpv4);
+        cellLp.addRoute(new RouteInfo(myIpv4, null, MOBILE_IFNAME));
+        mCellNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(cellLp);
+        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LINK_PROPERTIES, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        verify(mMockNetd, times(1)).clatdStop(MOBILE_IFNAME);
+
+        // Clat iface removed, expect linkproperties revert to original one
+        clat.interfaceRemoved(CLAT_PREFIX + MOBILE_IFNAME);
+        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LINK_PROPERTIES, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        LinkProperties actualLpAfterIpv4 = mCm.getLinkProperties(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork());
+        assertEquals(cellLp, actualLpAfterIpv4);
+
+        // Clean up
+        mCellNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        networkCallback.assertNoCallback();
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testDataActivityTracking() throws RemoteException {
+        final TestNetworkCallback networkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
+        final NetworkRequest networkRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
+                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
+                .build();
+        mCm.registerNetworkCallback(networkRequest, networkCallback);
+
+        mCellNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
+        final LinkProperties cellLp = new LinkProperties();
+        cellLp.setInterfaceName(MOBILE_IFNAME);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(cellLp);
+        reset(mNetworkManagementService);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        networkCallback.expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(mCellNetworkAgent);
+        verify(mNetworkManagementService, times(1)).addIdleTimer(eq(MOBILE_IFNAME), anyInt(),
+                eq(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE));
+
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        final LinkProperties wifiLp = new LinkProperties();
+        wifiLp.setInterfaceName(WIFI_IFNAME);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(wifiLp);
+
+        // Network switch
+        reset(mNetworkManagementService);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        networkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOSING, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        networkCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        verify(mNetworkManagementService, times(1)).addIdleTimer(eq(WIFI_IFNAME), anyInt(),
+                eq(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI));
+        verify(mNetworkManagementService, times(1)).removeIdleTimer(eq(MOBILE_IFNAME));
+
+        // Disconnect wifi and switch back to cell
+        reset(mNetworkManagementService);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        assertNoCallbacks(networkCallback);
+        verify(mNetworkManagementService, times(1)).removeIdleTimer(eq(WIFI_IFNAME));
+        verify(mNetworkManagementService, times(1)).addIdleTimer(eq(MOBILE_IFNAME), anyInt(),
+                eq(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE));
+
+        // reconnect wifi
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        wifiLp.setInterfaceName(WIFI_IFNAME);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(wifiLp);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        networkCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOSING, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        networkCallback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+
+        // Disconnect cell
+        reset(mNetworkManagementService);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        networkCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mCellNetworkAgent);
+        // LOST callback is triggered earlier than removing idle timer. Broadcast should also be
+        // sent as network being switched. Ensure rule removal for cell will not be triggered
+        // unexpectedly before network being removed.
+        waitForIdle();
+        verify(mNetworkManagementService, times(0)).removeIdleTimer(eq(MOBILE_IFNAME));
+        verify(mNetworkManagementService, times(1)).removeNetwork(
+                eq(mCellNetworkAgent.getNetwork().netId));
+
+        // Disconnect wifi
+        ConditionVariable cv = waitForConnectivityBroadcasts(1);
+        reset(mNetworkManagementService);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        waitFor(cv);
+        verify(mNetworkManagementService, times(1)).removeIdleTimer(eq(WIFI_IFNAME));
+
+        // Clean up
+        mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
+    }
+
+    private static final String TEST_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES = "1,2,3,4,5,6";
+
+    private void verifyTcpBufferSizeChange(String tcpBufferSizes) throws Exception {
+        String[] values = tcpBufferSizes.split(",");
+        String rmemValues = String.join(" ", values[0], values[1], values[2]);
+        String wmemValues = String.join(" ", values[3], values[4], values[5]);
+        waitForIdle();
+        verify(mMockNetd, atLeastOnce()).setTcpRWmemorySize(rmemValues, wmemValues);
+        reset(mMockNetd);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testTcpBufferReset() throws Exception {
+        mCellNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
+        reset(mMockNetd);
+        // Simple connection should have updated tcp buffer size.
+        mCellNetworkAgent.connect(false);
+        verifyTcpBufferSizeChange(ConnectivityService.DEFAULT_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES);
+
+        // Change link Properties should have updated tcp buffer size.
+        LinkProperties lp = new LinkProperties();
+        lp.setTcpBufferSizes(TEST_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES);
+        mCellNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(lp);
+        verifyTcpBufferSizeChange(TEST_TCP_BUFFER_SIZES);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetGlobalProxyForNetwork() {
+        final ProxyInfo testProxyInfo = ProxyInfo.buildDirectProxy("test", 8888);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        final Network wifiNetwork = mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork();
+        when(mService.mProxyTracker.getGlobalProxy()).thenReturn(testProxyInfo);
+        assertEquals(testProxyInfo, mService.getProxyForNetwork(wifiNetwork));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetProxyForActiveNetwork() {
+        final ProxyInfo testProxyInfo = ProxyInfo.buildDirectProxy("test", 8888);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        waitForIdle();
+        assertNull(mService.getProxyForNetwork(null));
+
+        final LinkProperties testLinkProperties = new LinkProperties();
+        testLinkProperties.setHttpProxy(testProxyInfo);
+
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(testLinkProperties);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        assertEquals(testProxyInfo, mService.getProxyForNetwork(null));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testGetProxyForVPN() {
+        final ProxyInfo testProxyInfo = ProxyInfo.buildDirectProxy("test", 8888);
+
+        // Set up a WiFi network with no proxy
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        waitForIdle();
+        assertNull(mService.getProxyForNetwork(null));
+
+        // Set up a VPN network with a proxy
+        final int uid = Process.myUid();
+        final MockNetworkAgent vpnNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_VPN);
+        final ArraySet<UidRange> ranges = new ArraySet<>();
+        ranges.add(new UidRange(uid, uid));
+        mMockVpn.setUids(ranges);
+        LinkProperties testLinkProperties = new LinkProperties();
+        testLinkProperties.setHttpProxy(testProxyInfo);
+        vpnNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(testLinkProperties);
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        // Connect to VPN with proxy
+        mMockVpn.setNetworkAgent(vpnNetworkAgent);
+        vpnNetworkAgent.connect(true);
+        mMockVpn.connect();
+        waitForIdle();
+
+        // Test that the VPN network returns a proxy, and the WiFi does not.
+        assertEquals(testProxyInfo, mService.getProxyForNetwork(vpnNetworkAgent.getNetwork()));
+        assertEquals(testProxyInfo, mService.getProxyForNetwork(null));
+        assertNull(mService.getProxyForNetwork(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork()));
+
+        // Test that the VPN network returns no proxy when it is set to null.
+        testLinkProperties.setHttpProxy(null);
+        vpnNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(testLinkProperties);
+        waitForIdle();
+        assertNull(mService.getProxyForNetwork(vpnNetworkAgent.getNetwork()));
+        assertNull(mService.getProxyForNetwork(null));
+
+        // Set WiFi proxy and check that the vpn proxy is still null.
+        testLinkProperties.setHttpProxy(testProxyInfo);
+        mWiFiNetworkAgent.sendLinkProperties(testLinkProperties);
+        waitForIdle();
+        assertNull(mService.getProxyForNetwork(null));
+
+        // Disconnect from VPN and check that the active network, which is now the WiFi, has the
+        // correct proxy setting.
+        vpnNetworkAgent.disconnect();
+        waitForIdle();
+        assertEquals(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), mCm.getActiveNetwork());
+        assertEquals(testProxyInfo, mService.getProxyForNetwork(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork()));
+        assertEquals(testProxyInfo, mService.getProxyForNetwork(null));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
index e573d35..a844cfe 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceParameterizedTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package com.android.server;
 
+import static android.system.OsConstants.AF_INET;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.AF_INET6;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
@@ -34,22 +36,25 @@
 import android.net.IpSecConfig;
 import android.net.IpSecManager;
 import android.net.IpSecSpiResponse;
+import android.net.IpSecTransform;
 import android.net.IpSecTransformResponse;
 import android.net.IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse;
+import android.net.IpSecUdpEncapResponse;
 import android.net.LinkAddress;
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkUtils;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
-import android.test.mock.MockContext;
 import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import android.system.Os;
+import android.test.mock.MockContext;
 
 import java.net.Socket;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
 
 import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Ignore;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.junit.runners.Parameterized;
@@ -61,16 +66,20 @@
 
     private static final int TEST_SPI = 0xD1201D;
 
-    private final String mDestinationAddr;
     private final String mSourceAddr;
+    private final String mDestinationAddr;
     private final LinkAddress mLocalInnerAddress;
+    private final int mFamily;
+
+    private static final int[] ADDRESS_FAMILIES =
+            new int[] {AF_INET, AF_INET6};
 
     @Parameterized.Parameters
     public static Collection ipSecConfigs() {
         return Arrays.asList(
                 new Object[][] {
-                {"1.2.3.4", "8.8.4.4", "10.0.1.1/24"},
-                {"2601::2", "2601::10", "2001:db8::1/64"}
+                {"1.2.3.4", "8.8.4.4", "10.0.1.1/24", AF_INET},
+                {"2601::2", "2601::10", "2001:db8::1/64", AF_INET6}
         });
     }
 
@@ -120,6 +129,7 @@
     IpSecService.IpSecServiceConfiguration mMockIpSecSrvConfig;
     IpSecService mIpSecService;
     Network fakeNetwork = new Network(0xAB);
+    int mUid = Os.getuid();
 
     private static final IpSecAlgorithm AUTH_ALGO =
             new IpSecAlgorithm(IpSecAlgorithm.AUTH_HMAC_SHA256, AUTH_KEY, AUTH_KEY.length * 4);
@@ -127,12 +137,14 @@
             new IpSecAlgorithm(IpSecAlgorithm.CRYPT_AES_CBC, CRYPT_KEY);
     private static final IpSecAlgorithm AEAD_ALGO =
             new IpSecAlgorithm(IpSecAlgorithm.AUTH_CRYPT_AES_GCM, AEAD_KEY, 128);
+    private static final int REMOTE_ENCAP_PORT = 4500;
 
     public IpSecServiceParameterizedTest(
-            String sourceAddr, String destAddr, String localInnerAddr) {
+            String sourceAddr, String destAddr, String localInnerAddr, int family) {
         mSourceAddr = sourceAddr;
         mDestinationAddr = destAddr;
         mLocalInnerAddress = new LinkAddress(localInnerAddr);
+        mFamily = family;
     }
 
     @Before
@@ -155,6 +167,8 @@
             .thenReturn(AppOpsManager.MODE_IGNORED);
     }
 
+    //TODO: Add a test to verify SPI.
+
     @Test
     public void testIpSecServiceReserveSpi() throws Exception {
         when(mMockNetd.ipSecAllocateSpi(anyInt(), anyString(), eq(mDestinationAddr), eq(TEST_SPI)))
@@ -180,16 +194,16 @@
 
         verify(mMockNetd)
                 .ipSecDeleteSecurityAssociation(
-                        eq(spiResp.resourceId),
+                        eq(mUid),
                         anyString(),
                         anyString(),
                         eq(TEST_SPI),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
-        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
-                mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
+        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord = mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(mUid);
         assertEquals(0, userRecord.mSpiQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
         try {
             userRecord.mSpiRecords.getRefcountedResourceOrThrow(spiResp.resourceId);
@@ -208,8 +222,7 @@
                 mIpSecService.allocateSecurityParameterIndex(
                         mDestinationAddr, TEST_SPI, new Binder());
 
-        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
-                mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
+        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord = mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(mUid);
         IpSecService.RefcountedResource refcountedRecord =
                 userRecord.mSpiRecords.getRefcountedResourceOrThrow(spiResp.resourceId);
 
@@ -217,11 +230,12 @@
 
         verify(mMockNetd)
                 .ipSecDeleteSecurityAssociation(
-                        eq(spiResp.resourceId),
+                        eq(mUid),
                         anyString(),
                         anyString(),
                         eq(TEST_SPI),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
@@ -257,6 +271,48 @@
         config.setAuthentication(AUTH_ALGO);
     }
 
+    private void addEncapSocketToIpSecConfig(int resourceId, IpSecConfig config) throws Exception {
+        config.setEncapType(IpSecTransform.ENCAP_ESPINUDP);
+        config.setEncapSocketResourceId(resourceId);
+        config.setEncapRemotePort(REMOTE_ENCAP_PORT);
+    }
+
+    private void verifyTransformNetdCalledForCreatingSA(
+            IpSecConfig config, IpSecTransformResponse resp) throws Exception {
+        verifyTransformNetdCalledForCreatingSA(config, resp, 0);
+    }
+
+    private void verifyTransformNetdCalledForCreatingSA(
+            IpSecConfig config, IpSecTransformResponse resp, int encapSocketPort) throws Exception {
+        IpSecAlgorithm auth = config.getAuthentication();
+        IpSecAlgorithm crypt = config.getEncryption();
+        IpSecAlgorithm authCrypt = config.getAuthenticatedEncryption();
+
+        verify(mMockNetd, times(1))
+                .ipSecAddSecurityAssociation(
+                        eq(mUid),
+                        eq(config.getMode()),
+                        eq(config.getSourceAddress()),
+                        eq(config.getDestinationAddress()),
+                        eq((config.getNetwork() != null) ? config.getNetwork().netId : 0),
+                        eq(TEST_SPI),
+                        eq(0),
+                        eq(0),
+                        eq((auth != null) ? auth.getName() : ""),
+                        eq((auth != null) ? auth.getKey() : new byte[] {}),
+                        eq((auth != null) ? auth.getTruncationLengthBits() : 0),
+                        eq((crypt != null) ? crypt.getName() : ""),
+                        eq((crypt != null) ? crypt.getKey() : new byte[] {}),
+                        eq((crypt != null) ? crypt.getTruncationLengthBits() : 0),
+                        eq((authCrypt != null) ? authCrypt.getName() : ""),
+                        eq((authCrypt != null) ? authCrypt.getKey() : new byte[] {}),
+                        eq((authCrypt != null) ? authCrypt.getTruncationLengthBits() : 0),
+                        eq(config.getEncapType()),
+                        eq(encapSocketPort),
+                        eq(config.getEncapRemotePort()),
+                        eq(config.getXfrmInterfaceId()));
+    }
+
     @Test
     public void testCreateTransform() throws Exception {
         IpSecConfig ipSecConfig = new IpSecConfig();
@@ -267,28 +323,7 @@
                 mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
         assertEquals(IpSecManager.Status.OK, createTransformResp.status);
 
-        verify(mMockNetd)
-                .ipSecAddSecurityAssociation(
-                        eq(createTransformResp.resourceId),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        anyString(),
-                        anyString(),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        eq(TEST_SPI),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        eq(IpSecAlgorithm.AUTH_HMAC_SHA256),
-                        eq(AUTH_KEY),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        eq(IpSecAlgorithm.CRYPT_AES_CBC),
-                        eq(CRYPT_KEY),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        eq(""),
-                        eq(new byte[] {}),
-                        eq(0),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        anyInt());
+        verifyTransformNetdCalledForCreatingSA(ipSecConfig, createTransformResp);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -302,28 +337,59 @@
                 mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
         assertEquals(IpSecManager.Status.OK, createTransformResp.status);
 
-        verify(mMockNetd)
-                .ipSecAddSecurityAssociation(
-                        eq(createTransformResp.resourceId),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        anyString(),
-                        anyString(),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        eq(TEST_SPI),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        eq(""),
-                        eq(new byte[] {}),
-                        eq(0),
-                        eq(""),
-                        eq(new byte[] {}),
-                        eq(0),
-                        eq(IpSecAlgorithm.AUTH_CRYPT_AES_GCM),
-                        eq(AEAD_KEY),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        anyInt(),
-                        anyInt());
+        verifyTransformNetdCalledForCreatingSA(ipSecConfig, createTransformResp);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreateTransportModeTransformWithEncap() throws Exception {
+        IpSecUdpEncapResponse udpSock = mIpSecService.openUdpEncapsulationSocket(0, new Binder());
+
+        IpSecConfig ipSecConfig = new IpSecConfig();
+        ipSecConfig.setMode(IpSecTransform.MODE_TRANSPORT);
+        addDefaultSpisAndRemoteAddrToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
+        addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
+        addEncapSocketToIpSecConfig(udpSock.resourceId, ipSecConfig);
+
+        if (mFamily == AF_INET) {
+            IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
+                    mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
+            assertEquals(IpSecManager.Status.OK, createTransformResp.status);
+
+            verifyTransformNetdCalledForCreatingSA(ipSecConfig, createTransformResp, udpSock.port);
+        } else {
+            try {
+                IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
+                        mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
+                fail("Expected IllegalArgumentException on attempt to use UDP Encap in IPv6");
+            } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testCreateTunnelModeTransformWithEncap() throws Exception {
+        IpSecUdpEncapResponse udpSock = mIpSecService.openUdpEncapsulationSocket(0, new Binder());
+
+        IpSecConfig ipSecConfig = new IpSecConfig();
+        ipSecConfig.setMode(IpSecTransform.MODE_TUNNEL);
+        addDefaultSpisAndRemoteAddrToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
+        addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
+        addEncapSocketToIpSecConfig(udpSock.resourceId, ipSecConfig);
+
+        if (mFamily == AF_INET) {
+            IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
+                    mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
+            assertEquals(IpSecManager.Status.OK, createTransformResp.status);
+
+            verifyTransformNetdCalledForCreatingSA(ipSecConfig, createTransformResp, udpSock.port);
+        } else {
+            try {
+                IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
+                        mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
+                fail("Expected IllegalArgumentException on attempt to use UDP Encap in IPv6");
+            } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -360,17 +426,17 @@
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
                 mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
-        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
-                mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
+        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord = mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(mUid);
         assertEquals(1, userRecord.mSpiQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
         mIpSecService.releaseSecurityParameterIndex(ipSecConfig.getSpiResourceId());
         verify(mMockNetd, times(0))
                 .ipSecDeleteSecurityAssociation(
-                        eq(createTransformResp.resourceId),
+                        eq(mUid),
                         anyString(),
                         anyString(),
                         eq(TEST_SPI),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
         // quota is not released until the SPI is released by the Transform
         assertEquals(1, userRecord.mSpiQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
@@ -388,16 +454,16 @@
 
         verify(mMockNetd, times(1))
                 .ipSecDeleteSecurityAssociation(
-                        eq(createTransformResp.resourceId),
+                        eq(mUid),
                         anyString(),
                         anyString(),
                         eq(TEST_SPI),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
-        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
-                mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
+        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord = mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(mUid);
         assertEquals(0, userRecord.mTransformQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
         assertEquals(1, userRecord.mSpiQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
 
@@ -411,6 +477,7 @@
                         anyString(),
                         anyInt(),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
         assertEquals(0, userRecord.mSpiQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
 
@@ -432,8 +499,7 @@
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
                 mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
 
-        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
-                mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
+        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord = mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(mUid);
         IpSecService.RefcountedResource refcountedRecord =
                 userRecord.mTransformRecords.getRefcountedResourceOrThrow(
                         createTransformResp.resourceId);
@@ -442,11 +508,12 @@
 
         verify(mMockNetd)
                 .ipSecDeleteSecurityAssociation(
-                        eq(createTransformResp.resourceId),
+                        eq(mUid),
                         anyString(),
                         anyString(),
                         eq(TEST_SPI),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
@@ -468,15 +535,18 @@
 
         IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
                 mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
-        ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ParcelFileDescriptor.fromSocket(new Socket());
+
+        Socket socket = new Socket();
+        socket.bind(null);
+        ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ParcelFileDescriptor.fromSocket(socket);
 
         int resourceId = createTransformResp.resourceId;
         mIpSecService.applyTransportModeTransform(pfd, IpSecManager.DIRECTION_OUT, resourceId);
 
         verify(mMockNetd)
                 .ipSecApplyTransportModeTransform(
-                        eq(pfd.getFileDescriptor()),
-                        eq(resourceId),
+                        eq(pfd),
+                        eq(mUid),
                         eq(IpSecManager.DIRECTION_OUT),
                         anyString(),
                         anyString(),
@@ -485,10 +555,12 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testRemoveTransportModeTransform() throws Exception {
-        ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ParcelFileDescriptor.fromSocket(new Socket());
+        Socket socket = new Socket();
+        socket.bind(null);
+        ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ParcelFileDescriptor.fromSocket(socket);
         mIpSecService.removeTransportModeTransforms(pfd);
 
-        verify(mMockNetd).ipSecRemoveTransportModeTransform(pfd.getFileDescriptor());
+        verify(mMockNetd).ipSecRemoveTransportModeTransform(pfd);
     }
 
     private IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createAndValidateTunnel(
@@ -508,19 +580,19 @@
                 createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, "blessedPackage");
 
         // Check that we have stored the tracking object, and retrieve it
-        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
-                mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
+        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord = mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(mUid);
         IpSecService.RefcountedResource refcountedRecord =
                 userRecord.mTunnelInterfaceRecords.getRefcountedResourceOrThrow(
                         createTunnelResp.resourceId);
 
         assertEquals(1, userRecord.mTunnelQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
         verify(mMockNetd)
-                .addVirtualTunnelInterface(
+                .ipSecAddTunnelInterface(
                         eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName),
                         eq(mSourceAddr),
                         eq(mDestinationAddr),
                         anyInt(),
+                        anyInt(),
                         anyInt());
     }
 
@@ -529,14 +601,13 @@
         IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
                 createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, "blessedPackage");
 
-        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
-                mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
+        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord = mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(mUid);
 
         mIpSecService.deleteTunnelInterface(createTunnelResp.resourceId, "blessedPackage");
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
         assertEquals(0, userRecord.mTunnelQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
-        verify(mMockNetd).removeVirtualTunnelInterface(eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName));
+        verify(mMockNetd).ipSecRemoveTunnelInterface(eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName));
         try {
             userRecord.mTunnelInterfaceRecords.getRefcountedResourceOrThrow(
                     createTunnelResp.resourceId);
@@ -550,8 +621,7 @@
         IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
                 createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, "blessedPackage");
 
-        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord =
-                mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(Os.getuid());
+        IpSecService.UserRecord userRecord = mIpSecService.mUserResourceTracker.getUserRecord(mUid);
         IpSecService.RefcountedResource refcountedRecord =
                 userRecord.mTunnelInterfaceRecords.getRefcountedResourceOrThrow(
                         createTunnelResp.resourceId);
@@ -560,7 +630,7 @@
 
         // Verify quota and RefcountedResource objects cleaned up
         assertEquals(0, userRecord.mTunnelQuotaTracker.mCurrent);
-        verify(mMockNetd).removeVirtualTunnelInterface(eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName));
+        verify(mMockNetd).ipSecRemoveTunnelInterface(eq(createTunnelResp.interfaceName));
         try {
             userRecord.mTunnelInterfaceRecords.getRefcountedResourceOrThrow(
                     createTunnelResp.resourceId);
@@ -570,6 +640,41 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testApplyTunnelModeTransform() throws Exception {
+        IpSecConfig ipSecConfig = new IpSecConfig();
+        ipSecConfig.setMode(IpSecTransform.MODE_TUNNEL);
+        addDefaultSpisAndRemoteAddrToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
+        addAuthAndCryptToIpSecConfig(ipSecConfig);
+
+        IpSecTransformResponse createTransformResp =
+                mIpSecService.createTransform(ipSecConfig, new Binder(), "blessedPackage");
+        IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
+                createAndValidateTunnel(mSourceAddr, mDestinationAddr, "blessedPackage");
+
+        int transformResourceId = createTransformResp.resourceId;
+        int tunnelResourceId = createTunnelResp.resourceId;
+        mIpSecService.applyTunnelModeTransform(tunnelResourceId, IpSecManager.DIRECTION_OUT,
+                transformResourceId, "blessedPackage");
+
+        for (int selAddrFamily : ADDRESS_FAMILIES) {
+            verify(mMockNetd)
+                    .ipSecUpdateSecurityPolicy(
+                            eq(mUid),
+                            eq(selAddrFamily),
+                            eq(IpSecManager.DIRECTION_OUT),
+                            anyString(),
+                            anyString(),
+                            eq(TEST_SPI),
+                            anyInt(), // iKey/oKey
+                            anyInt(), // mask
+                            eq(tunnelResourceId));
+        }
+
+        ipSecConfig.setXfrmInterfaceId(tunnelResourceId);
+        verifyTransformNetdCalledForCreatingSA(ipSecConfig, createTransformResp);
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testAddRemoveAddressFromTunnelInterface() throws Exception {
         for (String pkgName : new String[]{"blessedPackage", "systemPackage"}) {
             IpSecTunnelInterfaceResponse createTunnelResp =
@@ -592,6 +697,7 @@
         }
     }
 
+    @Ignore
     @Test
     public void testAddTunnelFailsForBadPackageName() throws Exception {
         try {
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java
index 2c94a60..5be7c7b 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/IpSecServiceTest.java
@@ -422,10 +422,12 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testRemoveTransportModeTransform() throws Exception {
-        ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ParcelFileDescriptor.fromSocket(new Socket());
+        Socket socket = new Socket();
+        socket.bind(null);
+        ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = ParcelFileDescriptor.fromSocket(socket);
         mIpSecService.removeTransportModeTransforms(pfd);
 
-        verify(mMockNetd).ipSecRemoveTransportModeTransform(pfd.getFileDescriptor());
+        verify(mMockNetd).ipSecRemoveTransportModeTransform(pfd);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -620,10 +622,10 @@
                 mIpSecService.openUdpEncapsulationSocket(0, new Binder());
 
         FileDescriptor sockFd = udpEncapResp.fileDescriptor.getFileDescriptor();
-        ArgumentMatcher<FileDescriptor> fdMatcher = (arg) -> {
+        ArgumentMatcher<ParcelFileDescriptor> fdMatcher = (arg) -> {
                     try {
                         StructStat sockStat = Os.fstat(sockFd);
-                        StructStat argStat = Os.fstat(arg);
+                        StructStat argStat = Os.fstat(arg.getFileDescriptor());
 
                         return sockStat.st_ino == argStat.st_ino
                                 && sockStat.st_dev == argStat.st_dev;
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManagerTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManagerTest.java
index 01b468a..38322e9 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/DnsManagerTest.java
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
 package com.android.server.connectivity;
 
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OFF;
-import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OPPORTUNISTIC;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_PROVIDER_HOSTNAME;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.PRIVATE_DNS_DEFAULT_MODE;
 import static android.provider.Settings.Global.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE;
@@ -29,13 +28,13 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
-import android.content.ContentResolver;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.IpPrefix;
 import android.net.LinkAddress;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.RouteInfo;
+import android.net.shared.PrivateDnsConfig;
 import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
 import android.provider.Settings;
 import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
@@ -43,18 +42,16 @@
 import android.test.mock.MockContentResolver;
 
 import com.android.internal.util.test.FakeSettingsProvider;
-import com.android.server.connectivity.DnsManager.PrivateDnsConfig;
-import com.android.server.connectivity.MockableSystemProperties;
+
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 
-import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
-import org.junit.Before;
-import org.junit.Test;
-import org.mockito.Mock;
-import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
-
 /**
  * Tests for {@link DnsManager}.
  *
@@ -133,7 +130,7 @@
                 PRIVATE_DNS_MODE, PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_PROVIDER_HOSTNAME);
         Settings.Global.putString(mContentResolver, PRIVATE_DNS_SPECIFIER, "strictmode.com");
         mDnsManager.updatePrivateDns(new Network(TEST_NETID),
-                new DnsManager.PrivateDnsConfig("strictmode.com", new InetAddress[] {
+                new PrivateDnsConfig("strictmode.com", new InetAddress[] {
                     InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("6.6.6.6"),
                     InetAddress.parseNumericAddress("2001:db8:66:66::1")
                     }));
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/IpConnectivityMetricsTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/IpConnectivityMetricsTest.java
index 8359fe2..1a0cb74 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/IpConnectivityMetricsTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/IpConnectivityMetricsTest.java
@@ -18,14 +18,15 @@
 
 import static android.net.metrics.INetdEventListener.EVENT_GETADDRINFO;
 import static android.net.metrics.INetdEventListener.EVENT_GETHOSTBYNAME;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.timeout;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
+
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.timeout;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
@@ -34,12 +35,11 @@
 import android.net.IpPrefix;
 import android.net.LinkAddress;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
-import android.net.RouteInfo;
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
+import android.net.RouteInfo;
 import android.net.metrics.ApfProgramEvent;
 import android.net.metrics.ApfStats;
-import android.net.metrics.DefaultNetworkEvent;
 import android.net.metrics.DhcpClientEvent;
 import android.net.metrics.IpConnectivityLog;
 import android.net.metrics.IpManagerEvent;
@@ -55,6 +55,13 @@
 import com.android.internal.util.BitUtils;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.metrics.nano.IpConnectivityLogClass;
 
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
 import java.io.PrintWriter;
 import java.io.StringWriter;
 import java.util.Collections;
@@ -62,13 +69,6 @@
 import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 
-import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
-import org.mockito.Mock;
-import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
-import org.junit.Before;
-import org.junit.Test;
-import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
-
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
 public class IpConnectivityMetricsTest {
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testRateLimiting() {
         final IpConnectivityLog logger = new IpConnectivityLog(mService.impl);
-        final ApfProgramEvent ev = new ApfProgramEvent();
+        final ApfProgramEvent ev = new ApfProgramEvent.Builder().build();
         final long fakeTimestamp = 1;
 
         int attempt = 100; // More than burst quota, but less than buffer size.
@@ -304,26 +304,31 @@
         when(mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(new Network(100))).thenReturn(ncWifi);
         when(mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(new Network(101))).thenReturn(ncCell);
 
-        ApfStats apfStats = new ApfStats();
-        apfStats.durationMs = 45000;
-        apfStats.receivedRas = 10;
-        apfStats.matchingRas = 2;
-        apfStats.droppedRas = 2;
-        apfStats.parseErrors = 2;
-        apfStats.zeroLifetimeRas = 1;
-        apfStats.programUpdates = 4;
-        apfStats.programUpdatesAll = 7;
-        apfStats.programUpdatesAllowingMulticast = 3;
-        apfStats.maxProgramSize = 2048;
+        ApfStats apfStats = new ApfStats.Builder()
+                .setDurationMs(45000)
+                .setReceivedRas(10)
+                .setMatchingRas(2)
+                .setDroppedRas(2)
+                .setParseErrors(2)
+                .setZeroLifetimeRas(1)
+                .setProgramUpdates(4)
+                .setProgramUpdatesAll(7)
+                .setProgramUpdatesAllowingMulticast(3)
+                .setMaxProgramSize(2048)
+                .build();
 
-        ValidationProbeEvent validationEv = new ValidationProbeEvent();
-        validationEv.durationMs = 40730;
-        validationEv.probeType = ValidationProbeEvent.PROBE_HTTP;
-        validationEv.returnCode = 204;
+        final ValidationProbeEvent validationEv = new ValidationProbeEvent.Builder()
+                .setDurationMs(40730)
+                .setProbeType(ValidationProbeEvent.PROBE_HTTP, true)
+                .setReturnCode(204)
+                .build();
 
+        final DhcpClientEvent event = new DhcpClientEvent.Builder()
+                .setMsg("SomeState")
+                .setDurationMs(192)
+                .build();
         Parcelable[] events = {
-            new IpReachabilityEvent(IpReachabilityEvent.NUD_FAILED),
-            new DhcpClientEvent("SomeState", 192),
+            new IpReachabilityEvent(IpReachabilityEvent.NUD_FAILED), event,
             new IpManagerEvent(IpManagerEvent.PROVISIONING_OK, 5678),
             validationEv,
             apfStats,
@@ -424,7 +429,7 @@
                 "  validation_probe_event <",
                 "    latency_ms: 40730",
                 "    probe_result: 204",
-                "    probe_type: 1",
+                "    probe_type: 257",
                 "  >",
                 ">",
                 "events <",
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitorTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitorTest.java
index 354cf2f..9578ded 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitorTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/LingerMonitorTest.java
@@ -23,31 +23,33 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
 
 import android.app.PendingIntent;
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
+import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.Network;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.NetworkInfo;
 import android.net.NetworkMisc;
-import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
+import android.net.NetworkStack;
+import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
 import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
+import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 import android.text.format.DateUtils;
 
 import com.android.internal.R;
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityService;
-import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkNotificationManager;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkNotificationManager.NotificationType;
 
-import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
 
@@ -66,17 +68,22 @@
     LingerMonitor mMonitor;
 
     @Mock ConnectivityService mConnService;
+    @Mock INetd mNetd;
+    @Mock INetworkManagementService mNMS;
     @Mock Context mCtx;
     @Mock NetworkMisc mMisc;
     @Mock NetworkNotificationManager mNotifier;
     @Mock Resources mResources;
+    @Mock NetworkStack mNetworkStack;
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() {
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
         when(mCtx.getResources()).thenReturn(mResources);
         when(mCtx.getPackageName()).thenReturn("com.android.server.connectivity");
-        when(mConnService.createNetworkMonitor(any(), any(), any(), any())).thenReturn(null);
+        when(mCtx.getSystemServiceName(NetworkStack.class))
+                .thenReturn(Context.NETWORK_STACK_SERVICE);
+        when(mCtx.getSystemService(Context.NETWORK_STACK_SERVICE)).thenReturn(mNetworkStack);
 
         mMonitor = new TestableLingerMonitor(mCtx, mNotifier, HIGH_DAILY_LIMIT, HIGH_RATE_LIMIT);
     }
@@ -349,7 +356,7 @@
         caps.addCapability(0);
         caps.addTransportType(transport);
         NetworkAgentInfo nai = new NetworkAgentInfo(null, null, new Network(netId), info, null,
-                caps, 50, mCtx, null, mMisc, null, mConnService);
+                caps, 50, mCtx, null, mMisc, mConnService, mNetd, mNMS);
         nai.everValidated = true;
         return nai;
     }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464XlatTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464XlatTest.java
index dfe31bd..07b1d05 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464XlatTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/Nat464XlatTest.java
@@ -17,9 +17,7 @@
 package com.android.server.connectivity;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
-import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
@@ -27,10 +25,12 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
+import android.net.INetd;
 import android.net.InterfaceConfiguration;
 import android.net.LinkAddress;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.NetworkInfo;
+import android.net.NetworkMisc;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
 import android.os.test.TestLooper;
@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@
     static final LinkAddress ADDR = new LinkAddress("192.0.2.5/29");
 
     @Mock ConnectivityService mConnectivity;
+    @Mock NetworkMisc mMisc;
+    @Mock INetd mNetd;
     @Mock INetworkManagementService mNms;
     @Mock InterfaceConfiguration mConfig;
     @Mock NetworkAgentInfo mNai;
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@
     Handler mHandler;
 
     Nat464Xlat makeNat464Xlat() {
-        return new Nat464Xlat(mNms, mNai);
+        return new Nat464Xlat(mNai, mNetd, mNms);
     }
 
     @Before
@@ -78,6 +80,7 @@
         mNai.networkInfo = new NetworkInfo(null);
         mNai.networkInfo.setType(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI);
         when(mNai.connService()).thenReturn(mConnectivity);
+        when(mNai.netMisc()).thenReturn(mMisc);
         when(mNai.handler()).thenReturn(mHandler);
 
         when(mNms.getInterfaceConfig(eq(STACKED_IFACE))).thenReturn(mConfig);
@@ -103,9 +106,16 @@
             mNai.networkInfo.setType(type);
             for (NetworkInfo.DetailedState state : supportedDetailedStates) {
                 mNai.networkInfo.setDetailedState(state, "reason", "extraInfo");
-                assertTrue(
-                        String.format("requiresClat expected for type=%d state=%s", type, state),
-                        Nat464Xlat.requiresClat(mNai));
+                String msg = String.format("requiresClat expected for type=%d state=%s",
+                        type, state);
+
+                mMisc.skip464xlat = true;
+                String errorMsg = msg + String.format(" skip464xlat=%b", mMisc.skip464xlat);
+                assertFalse(errorMsg, Nat464Xlat.requiresClat(mNai));
+
+                mMisc.skip464xlat = false;
+                errorMsg = msg + String.format(" skip464xlat=%b", mMisc.skip464xlat);
+                assertTrue(errorMsg, Nat464Xlat.requiresClat(mNai));
             }
         }
     }
@@ -119,7 +129,7 @@
         nat.start();
 
         verify(mNms).registerObserver(eq(nat));
-        verify(mNms).startClatd(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verify(mNetd).clatdStart(eq(BASE_IFACE));
 
         // Stacked interface up notification arrives.
         nat.interfaceLinkStateChanged(STACKED_IFACE, true);
@@ -134,7 +144,7 @@
         // ConnectivityService stops clat (Network disconnects, IPv4 addr appears, ...).
         nat.stop();
 
-        verify(mNms).stopClatd(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verify(mNetd).clatdStop(eq(BASE_IFACE));
 
         // Stacked interface removed notification arrives.
         nat.interfaceRemoved(STACKED_IFACE);
@@ -146,7 +156,7 @@
         assertFalse(c.getValue().getAllInterfaceNames().contains(STACKED_IFACE));
         assertIdle(nat);
 
-        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNms, mConnectivity);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd, mNms, mConnectivity);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -158,7 +168,7 @@
         nat.start();
 
         verify(mNms).registerObserver(eq(nat));
-        verify(mNms).startClatd(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verify(mNetd).clatdStart(eq(BASE_IFACE));
 
         // Stacked interface up notification arrives.
         nat.interfaceLinkStateChanged(STACKED_IFACE, true);
@@ -175,7 +185,7 @@
         mLooper.dispatchNext();
 
         verify(mNms).unregisterObserver(eq(nat));
-        verify(mNms).stopClatd(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verify(mNetd).clatdStop(eq(BASE_IFACE));
         verify(mConnectivity, times(2)).handleUpdateLinkProperties(eq(mNai), c.capture());
         assertTrue(c.getValue().getStackedLinks().isEmpty());
         assertFalse(c.getValue().getAllInterfaceNames().contains(STACKED_IFACE));
@@ -184,7 +194,7 @@
         // ConnectivityService stops clat: no-op.
         nat.stop();
 
-        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNms, mConnectivity);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd, mNms, mConnectivity);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -195,13 +205,13 @@
         nat.start();
 
         verify(mNms).registerObserver(eq(nat));
-        verify(mNms).startClatd(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verify(mNetd).clatdStart(eq(BASE_IFACE));
 
         // ConnectivityService immediately stops clat (Network disconnects, IPv4 addr appears, ...)
         nat.stop();
 
         verify(mNms).unregisterObserver(eq(nat));
-        verify(mNms).stopClatd(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verify(mNetd).clatdStop(eq(BASE_IFACE));
         assertIdle(nat);
 
         // In-flight interface up notification arrives: no-op
@@ -215,7 +225,7 @@
 
         assertIdle(nat);
 
-        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNms, mConnectivity);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd, mNms, mConnectivity);
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -226,16 +236,16 @@
         nat.start();
 
         verify(mNms).registerObserver(eq(nat));
-        verify(mNms).startClatd(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verify(mNetd).clatdStart(eq(BASE_IFACE));
 
         // ConnectivityService immediately stops clat (Network disconnects, IPv4 addr appears, ...)
         nat.stop();
 
         verify(mNms).unregisterObserver(eq(nat));
-        verify(mNms).stopClatd(eq(BASE_IFACE));
+        verify(mNetd).clatdStop(eq(BASE_IFACE));
         assertIdle(nat);
 
-        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNms, mConnectivity);
+        verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd, mNms, mConnectivity);
     }
 
     static void assertIdle(Nat464Xlat nat) {
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManagerTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManagerTest.java
index 125fe72..273b8fc 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManagerTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkNotificationManagerTest.java
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package com.android.server.connectivity;
 
 import static com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkNotificationManager.NotificationType.*;
+
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
@@ -34,26 +35,24 @@
 import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.net.NetworkCapabilities;
 import android.net.NetworkInfo;
-import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
+import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
 
 import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkNotificationManager.NotificationType;
 
+import org.junit.Before;
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 
-import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
-import org.junit.Before;
-import org.junit.Test;
-import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
-import org.mockito.Mock;
-import org.mockito.Mockito;
-import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
-
-
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
 public class NetworkNotificationManagerTest {
@@ -194,4 +193,54 @@
         mManager.clearNotification(id);
         verify(mNotificationManager, times(1)).cancelAsUser(eq(tag), eq(SIGN_IN.eventId), any());
     }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testSameLevelNotifications() {
+        final int id = 101;
+        final String tag = NetworkNotificationManager.tagFor(id);
+
+        mManager.showNotification(id, LOGGED_IN, mWifiNai, mCellNai, null, false);
+        verify(mNotificationManager, times(1))
+                .notifyAsUser(eq(tag), eq(LOGGED_IN.eventId), any(), any());
+
+        mManager.showNotification(id, LOST_INTERNET, mWifiNai, mCellNai, null, false);
+        verify(mNotificationManager, times(1))
+                .notifyAsUser(eq(tag), eq(LOST_INTERNET.eventId), any(), any());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testClearNotificationByType() {
+        final int id = 101;
+        final String tag = NetworkNotificationManager.tagFor(id);
+
+        // clearNotification(int id, NotificationType notifyType) will check if given type is equal
+        // to previous type or not. If they are equal then clear the notification; if they are not
+        // equal then return.
+
+        mManager.showNotification(id, LOGGED_IN, mWifiNai, mCellNai, null, false);
+        verify(mNotificationManager, times(1))
+                .notifyAsUser(eq(tag), eq(LOGGED_IN.eventId), any(), any());
+
+        // Previous notification is LOGGED_IN and given type is LOGGED_IN too. The notification
+        // should be cleared.
+        mManager.clearNotification(id, LOGGED_IN);
+        verify(mNotificationManager, times(1))
+                .cancelAsUser(eq(tag), eq(LOGGED_IN.eventId), any());
+
+        mManager.showNotification(id, LOGGED_IN, mWifiNai, mCellNai, null, false);
+        verify(mNotificationManager, times(2))
+                .notifyAsUser(eq(tag), eq(LOGGED_IN.eventId), any(), any());
+
+        // LOST_INTERNET notification popup after LOGGED_IN notification.
+        mManager.showNotification(id, LOST_INTERNET, mWifiNai, mCellNai, null, false);
+        verify(mNotificationManager, times(1))
+                .notifyAsUser(eq(tag), eq(LOST_INTERNET.eventId), any(), any());
+
+        // Previous notification is LOST_INTERNET and given type is LOGGED_IN. The notification
+        // shouldn't be cleared.
+        mManager.clearNotification(id, LOGGED_IN);
+        // LOST_INTERNET shouldn't be cleared.
+        verify(mNotificationManager, never())
+                .cancelAsUser(eq(tag), eq(LOST_INTERNET.eventId), any());
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitorTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitorTest.java
index f025f41..f2bd770 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitorTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/PermissionMonitorTest.java
@@ -21,19 +21,35 @@
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK;
-import static android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo.FLAG_SYSTEM;
+import static android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_OEM;
+import static android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_PRODUCT;
+import static android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo.PRIVATE_FLAG_VENDOR;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS;
+import static android.os.Process.SYSTEM_UID;
+
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.PermissionMonitor.NETWORK;
+import static com.android.server.connectivity.PermissionMonitor.SYSTEM;
+
+import static junit.framework.Assert.fail;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.any;
+import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyInt;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doAnswer;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.doReturn;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import android.content.Context;
 import android.content.pm.ApplicationInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;
 import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
+import android.os.Build;
+import android.os.INetworkManagementService;
+import android.os.UserHandle;
 import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
@@ -42,15 +58,29 @@
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
 import org.mockito.Mock;
 import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
+import org.mockito.invocation.InvocationOnMock;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
 
 @RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
 @SmallTest
 public class PermissionMonitorTest {
-    private static final int MOCK_UID = 10001;
-    private static final String[] MOCK_PACKAGE_NAMES = new String[] { "com.foo.bar" };
+    private static final int MOCK_USER1 = 0;
+    private static final int MOCK_USER2 = 1;
+    private static final int MOCK_UID1 = 10001;
+    private static final String MOCK_PACKAGE1 = "appName1";
+    private static final String SYSTEM_PACKAGE1 = "sysName1";
+    private static final String SYSTEM_PACKAGE2 = "sysName2";
+    private static final String PARTITION_SYSTEM = "system";
+    private static final String PARTITION_OEM = "oem";
+    private static final String PARTITION_PRODUCT = "product";
+    private static final String PARTITION_VENDOR = "vendor";
+    private static final int VERSION_P = Build.VERSION_CODES.P;
+    private static final int VERSION_Q = Build.VERSION_CODES.Q;
 
     @Mock private Context mContext;
     @Mock private PackageManager mPackageManager;
+    @Mock private INetworkManagementService mNMS;
 
     private PermissionMonitor mPermissionMonitor;
 
@@ -58,43 +88,59 @@
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
         MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
         when(mContext.getPackageManager()).thenReturn(mPackageManager);
-        when(mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(MOCK_UID)).thenReturn(MOCK_PACKAGE_NAMES);
-        mPermissionMonitor = new PermissionMonitor(mContext, null);
+        mPermissionMonitor = spy(new PermissionMonitor(mContext, mNMS));
     }
 
-    private void expectPermission(String[] permissions, boolean preinstalled) throws Exception {
-        final PackageInfo packageInfo = packageInfoWithPermissions(permissions, preinstalled);
+    private boolean hasBgPermission(String partition, int targetSdkVersion, int uid,
+            String... permission) throws Exception {
+        final PackageInfo packageInfo = packageInfoWithPermissions(permission, partition);
+        packageInfo.applicationInfo.targetSdkVersion = targetSdkVersion;
+        packageInfo.applicationInfo.uid = uid;
         when(mPackageManager.getPackageInfoAsUser(
-                eq(MOCK_PACKAGE_NAMES[0]), eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt())).thenReturn(packageInfo);
+                eq(MOCK_PACKAGE1), eq(GET_PERMISSIONS), anyInt())).thenReturn(packageInfo);
+        when(mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(anyInt())).thenReturn(new String[] {MOCK_PACKAGE1});
+        return mPermissionMonitor.hasUseBackgroundNetworksPermission(uid);
     }
 
-    private PackageInfo packageInfoWithPermissions(String[] permissions, boolean preinstalled) {
+    private PackageInfo packageInfoWithPermissions(String[] permissions, String partition) {
         final PackageInfo packageInfo = new PackageInfo();
         packageInfo.requestedPermissions = permissions;
         packageInfo.applicationInfo = new ApplicationInfo();
-        packageInfo.applicationInfo.flags = preinstalled ? FLAG_SYSTEM : 0;
+        int privateFlags = 0;
+        switch (partition) {
+            case PARTITION_OEM:
+                privateFlags = PRIVATE_FLAG_OEM;
+                break;
+            case PARTITION_PRODUCT:
+                privateFlags = PRIVATE_FLAG_PRODUCT;
+                break;
+            case PARTITION_VENDOR:
+                privateFlags = PRIVATE_FLAG_VENDOR;
+                break;
+        }
+        packageInfo.applicationInfo.privateFlags = privateFlags;
         return packageInfo;
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testHasPermission() {
-        PackageInfo app = packageInfoWithPermissions(new String[] {}, false);
+        PackageInfo app = packageInfoWithPermissions(new String[] {}, PARTITION_SYSTEM);
         assertFalse(mPermissionMonitor.hasPermission(app, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE));
         assertFalse(mPermissionMonitor.hasPermission(app, NETWORK_STACK));
         assertFalse(mPermissionMonitor.hasPermission(app, CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS));
         assertFalse(mPermissionMonitor.hasPermission(app, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL));
 
         app = packageInfoWithPermissions(new String[] {
-                CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE, NETWORK_STACK
-            }, false);
+            CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE, NETWORK_STACK
+        }, PARTITION_SYSTEM);
         assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.hasPermission(app, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE));
         assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.hasPermission(app, NETWORK_STACK));
         assertFalse(mPermissionMonitor.hasPermission(app, CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS));
         assertFalse(mPermissionMonitor.hasPermission(app, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL));
 
         app = packageInfoWithPermissions(new String[] {
-                CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL
-            }, false);
+            CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL
+        }, PARTITION_SYSTEM);
         assertFalse(mPermissionMonitor.hasPermission(app, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE));
         assertFalse(mPermissionMonitor.hasPermission(app, NETWORK_STACK));
         assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.hasPermission(app, CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS));
@@ -102,35 +148,192 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testIsPreinstalledSystemApp() {
-        PackageInfo app = packageInfoWithPermissions(new String[] {}, false);
-        assertFalse(mPermissionMonitor.isPreinstalledSystemApp(app));
-
-        app = packageInfoWithPermissions(new String[] {}, true);
-        assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.isPreinstalledSystemApp(app));
+    public void testIsVendorApp() {
+        PackageInfo app = packageInfoWithPermissions(new String[] {}, PARTITION_SYSTEM);
+        assertFalse(mPermissionMonitor.isVendorApp(app.applicationInfo));
+        app = packageInfoWithPermissions(new String[] {}, PARTITION_OEM);
+        assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.isVendorApp(app.applicationInfo));
+        app = packageInfoWithPermissions(new String[] {}, PARTITION_PRODUCT);
+        assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.isVendorApp(app.applicationInfo));
+        app = packageInfoWithPermissions(new String[] {}, PARTITION_VENDOR);
+        assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.isVendorApp(app.applicationInfo));
     }
 
     @Test
     public void testHasUseBackgroundNetworksPermission() throws Exception {
-        expectPermission(new String[] { CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE }, false);
-        assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.hasUseBackgroundNetworksPermission(MOCK_UID));
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, NETWORK_STACK));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1,
+                CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS));
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
 
-        expectPermission(new String[] { NETWORK_STACK, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL }, false);
-        assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.hasUseBackgroundNetworksPermission(MOCK_UID));
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_Q, MOCK_UID1));
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_Q, MOCK_UID1, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
+    }
 
-        // TODO : make this false when b/31479477 is fixed
-        expectPermission(new String[] {}, true);
-        assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.hasUseBackgroundNetworksPermission(MOCK_UID));
-        expectPermission(new String[] { CHANGE_WIFI_STATE }, true);
-        assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.hasUseBackgroundNetworksPermission(MOCK_UID));
+    @Test
+    public void testHasUseBackgroundNetworksPermissionSystemUid() throws Exception {
+        doReturn(VERSION_P).when(mPermissionMonitor).getDeviceFirstSdkInt();
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, SYSTEM_UID));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, SYSTEM_UID, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_P, SYSTEM_UID,
+                CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS));
 
-        expectPermission(new String[] { NETWORK_STACK, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL }, true);
-        assertTrue(mPermissionMonitor.hasUseBackgroundNetworksPermission(MOCK_UID));
+        doReturn(VERSION_Q).when(mPermissionMonitor).getDeviceFirstSdkInt();
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_Q, SYSTEM_UID));
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_Q, SYSTEM_UID, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_SYSTEM, VERSION_Q, SYSTEM_UID,
+                CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS));
+    }
 
-        expectPermission(new String[] {}, false);
-        assertFalse(mPermissionMonitor.hasUseBackgroundNetworksPermission(MOCK_UID));
+    @Test
+    public void testHasUseBackgroundNetworksPermissionVendorApp() throws Exception {
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, NETWORK_STACK));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, CONNECTIVITY_INTERNAL));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1,
+                CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS));
+        assertTrue(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_P, MOCK_UID1, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
 
-        expectPermission(new String[] { CHANGE_WIFI_STATE }, false);
-        assertFalse(mPermissionMonitor.hasUseBackgroundNetworksPermission(MOCK_UID));
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_Q, MOCK_UID1));
+        assertFalse(hasBgPermission(PARTITION_VENDOR, VERSION_Q, MOCK_UID1, CHANGE_WIFI_STATE));
+    }
+
+    private class NMSMonitor {
+        private final HashMap<Integer, Boolean> mApps = new HashMap<>();
+
+        NMSMonitor(INetworkManagementService mockNMS) throws Exception {
+            // Add hook to verify and track result of setPermission.
+            doAnswer((InvocationOnMock invocation) -> {
+                final Object[] args = invocation.getArguments();
+                final Boolean isSystem = args[0].equals("SYSTEM");
+                for (final int uid : (int[]) args[1]) {
+                    // TODO: Currently, permission monitor will send duplicate commands for each uid
+                    // corresponding to each user. Need to fix that and uncomment below test.
+                    // if (mApps.containsKey(uid) && mApps.get(uid) == isSystem) {
+                    //     fail("uid " + uid + " is already set to " + isSystem);
+                    // }
+                    mApps.put(uid, isSystem);
+                }
+                return null;
+            }).when(mockNMS).setPermission(anyString(), any(int[].class));
+
+            // Add hook to verify and track result of clearPermission.
+            doAnswer((InvocationOnMock invocation) -> {
+                final Object[] args = invocation.getArguments();
+                for (final int uid : (int[]) args[0]) {
+                    // TODO: Currently, permission monitor will send duplicate commands for each uid
+                    // corresponding to each user. Need to fix that and uncomment below test.
+                    // if (!mApps.containsKey(uid)) {
+                    //     fail("uid " + uid + " does not exist.");
+                    // }
+                    mApps.remove(uid);
+                }
+                return null;
+            }).when(mockNMS).clearPermission(any(int[].class));
+        }
+
+        public void expectPermission(Boolean permission, int[] users, int[] apps) {
+            for (final int user : users) {
+                for (final int app : apps) {
+                    final int uid = UserHandle.getUid(user, app);
+                    if (!mApps.containsKey(uid)) {
+                        fail("uid " + uid + " does not exist.");
+                    }
+                    if (mApps.get(uid) != permission) {
+                        fail("uid " + uid + " has wrong permission: " +  permission);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void expectNoPermission(int[] users, int[] apps) {
+            for (final int user : users) {
+                for (final int app : apps) {
+                    final int uid = UserHandle.getUid(user, app);
+                    if (mApps.containsKey(uid)) {
+                        fail("uid " + uid + " has listed permissions, expected none.");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testUserAndPackageAddRemove() throws Exception {
+        final NMSMonitor mNMSMonitor = new NMSMonitor(mNMS);
+
+        // MOCK_UID1: MOCK_PACKAGE1 only has network permission.
+        // SYSTEM_UID: SYSTEM_PACKAGE1 has system permission.
+        // SYSTEM_UID: SYSTEM_PACKAGE2 only has network permission.
+        doReturn(SYSTEM).when(mPermissionMonitor).highestPermissionForUid(eq(SYSTEM), anyString());
+        doReturn(SYSTEM).when(mPermissionMonitor).highestPermissionForUid(any(),
+                eq(SYSTEM_PACKAGE1));
+        doReturn(NETWORK).when(mPermissionMonitor).highestPermissionForUid(any(),
+                eq(SYSTEM_PACKAGE2));
+        doReturn(NETWORK).when(mPermissionMonitor).highestPermissionForUid(any(),
+                eq(MOCK_PACKAGE1));
+
+        // Add SYSTEM_PACKAGE2, expect only have network permission.
+        mPermissionMonitor.onUserAdded(MOCK_USER1);
+        addPackageForUsers(new int[]{MOCK_USER1}, SYSTEM_PACKAGE2, SYSTEM_UID);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(NETWORK, new int[]{MOCK_USER1}, new int[]{SYSTEM_UID});
+
+        // Add SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, expect permission escalate.
+        addPackageForUsers(new int[]{MOCK_USER1}, SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, SYSTEM_UID);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(SYSTEM, new int[]{MOCK_USER1}, new int[]{SYSTEM_UID});
+
+        mPermissionMonitor.onUserAdded(MOCK_USER2);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(SYSTEM, new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2},
+                new int[]{SYSTEM_UID});
+
+        addPackageForUsers(new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2}, MOCK_PACKAGE1, MOCK_UID1);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(SYSTEM, new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2},
+                new int[]{SYSTEM_UID});
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(NETWORK, new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2},
+                new int[]{MOCK_UID1});
+
+        // Remove MOCK_UID1, expect no permission left for all user.
+        mPermissionMonitor.onPackageRemoved(MOCK_UID1);
+        removePackageForUsers(new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2}, MOCK_UID1);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectNoPermission(new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2}, new int[]{MOCK_UID1});
+
+        // Remove SYSTEM_PACKAGE1, expect permission downgrade.
+        when(mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(anyInt())).thenReturn(new String[]{SYSTEM_PACKAGE2});
+        removePackageForUsers(new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2}, SYSTEM_UID);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(NETWORK, new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2},
+                new int[]{SYSTEM_UID});
+
+        mPermissionMonitor.onUserRemoved(MOCK_USER1);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectPermission(NETWORK, new int[]{MOCK_USER2}, new int[]{SYSTEM_UID});
+
+        // Remove all packages, expect no permission left.
+        when(mPackageManager.getPackagesForUid(anyInt())).thenReturn(new String[]{});
+        removePackageForUsers(new int[]{MOCK_USER2}, SYSTEM_UID);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectNoPermission(new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2},
+                new int[]{SYSTEM_UID, MOCK_UID1});
+
+        // Remove last user, expect no redundant clearPermission is invoked.
+        mPermissionMonitor.onUserRemoved(MOCK_USER2);
+        mNMSMonitor.expectNoPermission(new int[]{MOCK_USER1, MOCK_USER2},
+                new int[]{SYSTEM_UID, MOCK_UID1});
+    }
+
+    // Normal package add/remove operations will trigger multiple intent for uids corresponding to
+    // each user. To simulate generic package operations, the onPackageAdded/Removed will need to be
+    // called multiple times with the uid corresponding to each user.
+    private void addPackageForUsers(int[] users, String packageName, int uid) {
+        for (final int user : users) {
+            mPermissionMonitor.onPackageAdded(packageName, UserHandle.getUid(user, uid));
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void removePackageForUsers(int[] users, int uid) {
+        for (final int user : users) {
+            mPermissionMonitor.onPackageRemoved(UserHandle.getUid(user, uid));
+        }
     }
 }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java
index e377a47..46de3d0 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/connectivity/VpnTest.java
@@ -57,7 +57,6 @@
 import android.content.pm.UserInfo;
 import android.content.res.Resources;
 import android.net.ConnectivityManager;
-import android.net.IConnectivityManager;
 import android.net.IpPrefix;
 import android.net.LinkProperties;
 import android.net.Network;
@@ -97,7 +96,6 @@
 import java.util.HashMap;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Set;
-import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 /**
@@ -170,6 +168,8 @@
         ApplicationInfo applicationInfo = new ApplicationInfo();
         applicationInfo.targetSdkVersion = VERSION_CODES.CUR_DEVELOPMENT;
         when(mContext.getApplicationInfo()).thenReturn(applicationInfo);
+        when(mPackageManager.getApplicationInfoAsUser(anyString(), anyInt(), anyInt()))
+                .thenReturn(applicationInfo);
 
         doNothing().when(mNetService).registerObserver(any());
     }
@@ -240,6 +240,30 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testGetAlwaysAndOnGetLockDown() throws Exception {
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
+
+        // Default state.
+        assertFalse(vpn.getAlwaysOn());
+        assertFalse(vpn.getLockdown());
+
+        // Set always-on without lockdown.
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], false, Collections.emptyList()));
+        assertTrue(vpn.getAlwaysOn());
+        assertFalse(vpn.getLockdown());
+
+        // Set always-on with lockdown.
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], true, Collections.emptyList()));
+        assertTrue(vpn.getAlwaysOn());
+        assertTrue(vpn.getLockdown());
+
+        // Remove always-on configuration.
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false, Collections.emptyList()));
+        assertFalse(vpn.getAlwaysOn());
+        assertFalse(vpn.getLockdown());
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testLockdownChangingPackage() throws Exception {
         final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
         final UidRange user = UidRange.createForUser(primaryUser.id);
@@ -248,11 +272,11 @@
         assertUnblocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[0], user.start + PKG_UIDS[1], user.start + PKG_UIDS[2], user.start + PKG_UIDS[3]);
 
         // Set always-on without lockdown.
-        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], false));
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], false, null));
         assertUnblocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[0], user.start + PKG_UIDS[1], user.start + PKG_UIDS[2], user.start + PKG_UIDS[3]);
 
         // Set always-on with lockdown.
-        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], true));
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], true, null));
         verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(true), aryEq(new UidRange[] {
             new UidRange(user.start, user.start + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
             new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, user.stop)
@@ -261,7 +285,7 @@
         assertUnblocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[1]);
 
         // Switch to another app.
-        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[3], true));
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[3], true, null));
         verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(false), aryEq(new UidRange[] {
             new UidRange(user.start, user.start + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
             new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, user.stop)
@@ -275,6 +299,87 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testLockdownWhitelist() throws Exception {
+        final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
+        final UidRange user = UidRange.createForUser(primaryUser.id);
+
+        // Set always-on with lockdown and whitelist app PKGS[2] from lockdown.
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], true, Collections.singletonList(PKGS[2])));
+        verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(true), aryEq(new UidRange[] {
+                new UidRange(user.start, user.start + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1, user.stop)
+        }));
+        assertBlocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[0], user.start + PKG_UIDS[3]);
+        assertUnblocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[1], user.start + PKG_UIDS[2]);
+
+        // Change whitelisted app to PKGS[3].
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[1], true, Collections.singletonList(PKGS[3])));
+        verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(false), aryEq(new UidRange[] {
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1, user.stop)
+        }));
+        verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(true), aryEq(new UidRange[] {
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, user.start + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1),
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1, user.stop)
+        }));
+        assertBlocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[0], user.start + PKG_UIDS[2]);
+        assertUnblocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[1], user.start + PKG_UIDS[3]);
+
+        // Change the VPN app.
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[0], true, Collections.singletonList(PKGS[3])));
+        verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(false), aryEq(new UidRange[] {
+                new UidRange(user.start, user.start + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, user.start + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1)
+        }));
+        verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(true), aryEq(new UidRange[] {
+                new UidRange(user.start, user.start + PKG_UIDS[0] - 1),
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, user.start + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1)
+        }));
+        assertBlocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[1], user.start + PKG_UIDS[2]);
+        assertUnblocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[0], user.start + PKG_UIDS[3]);
+
+        // Remove the whitelist.
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[0], true, null));
+        verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(false), aryEq(new UidRange[] {
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, user.start + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1),
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1, user.stop)
+        }));
+        verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(true), aryEq(new UidRange[] {
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, user.stop),
+        }));
+        assertBlocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[1], user.start + PKG_UIDS[2],
+                user.start + PKG_UIDS[3]);
+        assertUnblocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[0]);
+
+        // Add the whitelist.
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[0], true, Collections.singletonList(PKGS[1])));
+        verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(false), aryEq(new UidRange[] {
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, user.stop)
+        }));
+        verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(true), aryEq(new UidRange[] {
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, user.start + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, user.stop)
+        }));
+        assertBlocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[2], user.start + PKG_UIDS[3]);
+        assertUnblocked(vpn, user.start + PKG_UIDS[0], user.start + PKG_UIDS[1]);
+
+        // Try whitelisting a package with a comma, should be rejected.
+        assertFalse(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[0], true, Collections.singletonList("a.b,c.d")));
+
+        // Pass a non-existent packages in the whitelist, they (and only they) should be ignored.
+        // Whitelisted package should change from PGKS[1] to PKGS[2].
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[0], true,
+                Arrays.asList("com.foo.app", PKGS[2], "com.bar.app")));
+        verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(false), aryEq(new UidRange[]{
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, user.start + PKG_UIDS[1] - 1),
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[1] + 1, user.stop)
+        }));
+        verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(true), aryEq(new UidRange[]{
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[0] + 1, user.start + PKG_UIDS[2] - 1),
+                new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[2] + 1, user.stop)
+        }));
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testLockdownAddingAProfile() throws Exception {
         final Vpn vpn = createVpn(primaryUser.id);
         setMockedUsers(primaryUser);
@@ -288,7 +393,7 @@
         final UidRange profile = UidRange.createForUser(tempProfile.id);
 
         // Set lockdown.
-        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[3], true));
+        assertTrue(vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[3], true, null));
         verify(mNetService).setAllowOnlyVpnForUids(eq(true), aryEq(new UidRange[] {
             new UidRange(user.start, user.start + PKG_UIDS[3] - 1),
             new UidRange(user.start + PKG_UIDS[3] + 1, user.stop)
@@ -414,7 +519,7 @@
                 .cancelAsUser(anyString(), anyInt(), eq(userHandle));
 
         // Start showing a notification for disconnected once always-on.
-        vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[0], false);
+        vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(PKGS[0], false, null);
         order.verify(mNotificationManager)
                 .notifyAsUser(anyString(), anyInt(), any(), eq(userHandle));
 
@@ -428,7 +533,7 @@
                 .notifyAsUser(anyString(), anyInt(), any(), eq(userHandle));
 
         // Notification should be cleared after unsetting always-on package.
-        vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false);
+        vpn.setAlwaysOnPackage(null, false, null);
         order.verify(mNotificationManager).cancelAsUser(anyString(), anyInt(), eq(userHandle));
     }
 
@@ -441,23 +546,28 @@
         final Network wifi = new Network(2);
 
         final Map<Network, NetworkCapabilities> networks = new HashMap<>();
-        networks.put(mobile, new NetworkCapabilities()
-                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
-                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
-                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED)
-                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED)
-                .setLinkDownstreamBandwidthKbps(10));
-        networks.put(wifi, new NetworkCapabilities()
-                .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
-                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
-                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING)
-                .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED)
-                .setLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps(20));
+        networks.put(
+                mobile,
+                new NetworkCapabilities()
+                        .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
+                        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
+                        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED)
+                        .setLinkDownstreamBandwidthKbps(10));
+        networks.put(
+                wifi,
+                new NetworkCapabilities()
+                        .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
+                        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
+                        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED)
+                        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING)
+                        .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED)
+                        .setLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps(20));
         setMockedNetworks(networks);
 
         final NetworkCapabilities caps = new NetworkCapabilities();
 
-        Vpn.updateCapabilities(mConnectivityManager, new Network[] { }, caps);
+        Vpn.updateCapabilities(
+                mConnectivityManager, new Network[] {}, caps, false /* isAlwaysMetered */);
         assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN));
         assertFalse(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR));
         assertFalse(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_WIFI));
@@ -467,17 +577,33 @@
         assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING));
         assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED));
 
-        Vpn.updateCapabilities(mConnectivityManager, new Network[] { mobile }, caps);
+        Vpn.updateCapabilities(
+                mConnectivityManager,
+                new Network[] {mobile},
+                caps,
+                false /* isAlwaysMetered */);
         assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN));
         assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR));
         assertFalse(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_WIFI));
         assertEquals(10, caps.getLinkDownstreamBandwidthKbps());
         assertEquals(LINK_BANDWIDTH_UNSPECIFIED, caps.getLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps());
-        assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED));
+        assertFalse(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED));
         assertFalse(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING));
         assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED));
 
-        Vpn.updateCapabilities(mConnectivityManager, new Network[] { wifi }, caps);
+        Vpn.updateCapabilities(
+                mConnectivityManager, new Network[] {wifi}, caps, false /* isAlwaysMetered */);
+        assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN));
+        assertFalse(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR));
+        assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_WIFI));
+        assertEquals(LINK_BANDWIDTH_UNSPECIFIED, caps.getLinkDownstreamBandwidthKbps());
+        assertEquals(20, caps.getLinkUpstreamBandwidthKbps());
+        assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_METERED));
+        assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING));
+        assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED));
+
+        Vpn.updateCapabilities(
+                mConnectivityManager, new Network[] {wifi}, caps, true /* isAlwaysMetered */);
         assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN));
         assertFalse(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR));
         assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_WIFI));
@@ -487,7 +613,11 @@
         assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_ROAMING));
         assertTrue(caps.hasCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_CONGESTED));
 
-        Vpn.updateCapabilities(mConnectivityManager, new Network[] { mobile, wifi }, caps);
+        Vpn.updateCapabilities(
+                mConnectivityManager,
+                new Network[] {mobile, wifi},
+                caps,
+                false /* isAlwaysMetered */);
         assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_VPN));
         assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR));
         assertTrue(caps.hasTransport(TRANSPORT_WIFI));
@@ -507,13 +637,15 @@
 
     private static void assertBlocked(Vpn vpn, int... uids) {
         for (int uid : uids) {
-            assertTrue("Uid " + uid + " should be blocked", vpn.isBlockingUid(uid));
+            final boolean blocked = vpn.getLockdown() && vpn.isBlockingUid(uid);
+            assertTrue("Uid " + uid + " should be blocked", blocked);
         }
     }
 
     private static void assertUnblocked(Vpn vpn, int... uids) {
         for (int uid : uids) {
-            assertFalse("Uid " + uid + " should not be blocked", vpn.isBlockingUid(uid));
+            final boolean blocked = vpn.getLockdown() && vpn.isBlockingUid(uid);
+            assertFalse("Uid " + uid + " should not be blocked", blocked);
         }
     }
 
@@ -559,7 +691,9 @@
             doAnswer(invocation -> {
                 final String appName = (String) invocation.getArguments()[0];
                 final int userId = (int) invocation.getArguments()[1];
-                return UserHandle.getUid(userId, packages.get(appName));
+                Integer appId = packages.get(appName);
+                if (appId == null) throw new PackageManager.NameNotFoundException(appName);
+                return UserHandle.getUid(userId, appId);
             }).when(mPackageManager).getPackageUidAsUser(anyString(), anyInt());
         } catch (Exception e) {
         }
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
index e371abc..f89f303 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
@@ -227,9 +227,6 @@
 
     @After
     public void tearDown() throws Exception {
-        // Registered by NetworkStatsService's constructor.
-        LocalServices.removeServiceForTest(NetworkStatsManagerInternal.class);
-
         IoUtils.deleteContents(mStatsDir);
 
         mServiceContext = null;
@@ -937,7 +934,6 @@
 
         // verify service has empty history for wifi
         assertNetworkTotal(sTemplateWifi, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0);
-        String callingPackage = "the.calling.package";
         long thresholdInBytes = 1L;  // very small; should be overriden by framework
         DataUsageRequest inputRequest = new DataUsageRequest(
                 DataUsageRequest.REQUEST_ID_UNSET, sTemplateWifi, thresholdInBytes);
@@ -956,7 +952,7 @@
 
         // Register and verify request and that binder was called
         DataUsageRequest request =
-                mService.registerUsageCallback(callingPackage, inputRequest,
+                mService.registerUsageCallback(mServiceContext.getOpPackageName(), inputRequest,
                         messenger, mBinder);
         assertTrue(request.requestId > 0);
         assertTrue(Objects.equals(sTemplateWifi, request.template));
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/ipmemorystore/NetworkAttributesTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/ipmemorystore/NetworkAttributesTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe19eee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/net/ipmemorystore/NetworkAttributesTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.server.net.ipmemorystore;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+
+import android.net.ipmemorystore.NetworkAttributes;
+import android.support.test.filters.SmallTest;
+import android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
+
+import org.junit.Test;
+import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
+
+import java.lang.reflect.Field;
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.UnknownHostException;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/** Unit tests for {@link NetworkAttributes}. */
+@SmallTest
+@RunWith(AndroidJUnit4.class)
+public class NetworkAttributesTest {
+    private static final String WEIGHT_FIELD_NAME_PREFIX = "WEIGHT_";
+    private static final float EPSILON = 0.0001f;
+
+    // This is running two tests to make sure the total weight is the sum of all weights. To be
+    // sure this is not fireproof, but you'd kind of need to do it on purpose to pass.
+    @Test
+    public void testTotalWeight() throws IllegalAccessException, UnknownHostException {
+        // Make sure that TOTAL_WEIGHT is equal to the sum of the fields starting with WEIGHT_
+        float sum = 0f;
+        final Field[] fieldList = NetworkAttributes.class.getDeclaredFields();
+        for (final Field field : fieldList) {
+            if (!field.getName().startsWith(WEIGHT_FIELD_NAME_PREFIX)) continue;
+            field.setAccessible(true);
+            sum += (float) field.get(null);
+        }
+        assertEquals(sum, NetworkAttributes.TOTAL_WEIGHT, EPSILON);
+
+        // Use directly the constructor with all attributes, and make sure that when compared
+        // to itself the score is a clean 1.0f.
+        final NetworkAttributes na =
+                new NetworkAttributes(
+                        (Inet4Address) Inet4Address.getByAddress(new byte[] {1, 2, 3, 4}),
+                        "some hint",
+                        Arrays.asList(Inet4Address.getByAddress(new byte[] {5, 6, 7, 8}),
+                                Inet4Address.getByAddress(new byte[] {9, 0, 1, 2})),
+                        98);
+        assertEquals(1.0f, na.getNetworkGroupSamenessConfidence(na), EPSILON);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat b/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat
index 77e5c7b..6cd7499 100644
--- a/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat
+++ b/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 7 v4-wlan0 0x0 10060 1 1448660 1041 31192 753 1448660 1041 0 0 0 0 31192 753 0 0 0 0
 8 v4-wlan0 0x0 10102 0 9702 16 2870 23 9702 16 0 0 0 0 2870 23 0 0 0 0
 9 v4-wlan0 0x0 10102 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-10 wlan0 0x0 0 0 11058671 7892 312046 5113 11043898 7811 13117 61 1656 20 306544 5046 3230 38 2272 29
+10 wlan0 0x0 0 0 11058671 7892 0 0 11043898 7811 13117 61 1656 20 0 0 0 0 0 0
 11 wlan0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 12 wlan0 0x0 1000 0 6126 13 2013 16 5934 11 192 2 0 0 1821 14 192 2 0 0
 13 wlan0 0x0 1000 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
@@ -41,3 +41,5 @@
 41 dummy0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 42 lo 0x0 0 0 1288 16 1288 16 0 0 532 8 756 8 0 0 532 8 756 8
 43 lo 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+44 wlan0 0x0 1029 0 0 0 312046 5113 0 0 0 0 0 0 306544 5046 3230 38 2272 29
+45 wlan0 0x0 1029 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_after b/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_after
index c78f84f..9f86153 100644
--- a/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_after
+++ b/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_after
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 9 v4-wlan0 0x0 10057 1 728 7 392 7 0 0 728 7 0 0 0 0 392 7 0 0
 10 v4-wlan0 0x0 10106 0 2232 18 2232 18 0 0 2232 18 0 0 0 0 2232 18 0 0
 11 v4-wlan0 0x0 10106 1 432952718 314238 5442288 121260 432950238 314218 2480 20 0 0 5433900 121029 8388 231 0 0
-12 wlan0 0x0 0 0 440746376 329772 8524052 130894 439660007 315369 232001 1276 854368 13127 7871216 121284 108568 1325 544268 8285
+12 wlan0 0x0 0 0 440746376 329772 0 0 439660007 315369 232001 1276 854368 13127 0 0 0 0 0 0
 13 wlan0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 14 wlan0 0x0 1000 0 77113 272 56151 575 77113 272 0 0 0 0 19191 190 36960 385 0 0
 15 wlan0 0x0 1000 1 20227 80 8356 72 18539 74 1688 6 0 0 7562 66 794 6 0 0
@@ -185,3 +185,5 @@
 185 wlan0 0xffffff0900000000 1000 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 186 dummy0 0x0 0 0 0 0 168 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 168 3
 187 dummy0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+188 wlan0 0x0 1029 0 0 0 8524052 130894 0 0 0 0 0 0 7871216 121284 108568 1325 544268 8285
+189 wlan0 0x0 1029 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_before b/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_before
index d035387..ce4bcc3 100644
--- a/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_before
+++ b/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_100mb_download_before
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 9 v4-wlan0 0x0 10057 1 728 7 392 7 0 0 728 7 0 0 0 0 392 7 0 0
 10 v4-wlan0 0x0 10106 0 1488 12 1488 12 0 0 1488 12 0 0 0 0 1488 12 0 0
 11 v4-wlan0 0x0 10106 1 323981189 235142 3509032 84542 323979453 235128 1736 14 0 0 3502676 84363 6356 179 0 0
-12 wlan0 0x0 0 0 330187296 250652 5855801 94173 329106990 236273 226202 1255 854104 13124 5208040 84634 103637 1256 544124 8283
+12 wlan0 0x0 0 0 330187296 250652 0 0 329106990 236273 226202 1255 854104 13124 0 0 0 0 0 0
 13 wlan0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 14 wlan0 0x0 1000 0 77113 272 56151 575 77113 272 0 0 0 0 19191 190 36960 385 0 0
 15 wlan0 0x0 1000 1 20227 80 8356 72 18539 74 1688 6 0 0 7562 66 794 6 0 0
@@ -183,3 +183,5 @@
 183 wlan0 0xffffff0900000000 1000 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 184 dummy0 0x0 0 0 0 0 168 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 168 3
 185 dummy0 0x0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+186 wlan0 0x0 1029 0 0 0 5855801 94173 0 0 0 0 0 0 5208040 84634 103637 1256 544124 8283
+187 wlan0 0x0 1029 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
diff --git a/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_simple b/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_simple
index 7f0e56f..8c132e7 100644
--- a/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_simple
+++ b/tests/net/res/raw/xt_qtaguid_with_clat_simple
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 idx iface acct_tag_hex uid_tag_int cnt_set rx_bytes rx_packets tx_bytes tx_packets rx_tcp_bytes rx_tcp_packets rx_udp_bytes rx_udp_packets rx_other_bytes rx_other_packets tx_tcp_bytes tx_tcp_packets tx_udp_bytes tx_udp_packets tx_other_bytes tx_other_packets
-2 v4-wlan0 0x0 10060 0 42600 213 4100 41 42600 213 4100 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+2 v4-wlan0 0x0 10060 0 42600 213 4100 41 42600 213 0 0 0 0 4100 41 0 0 0 0
 3 v4-wlan0 0x0 10060 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-4 wlan0 0x0 0 0 46860 213 4920 41 46860 213 4920 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+4 wlan0 0x0 0 0 46860 213 0 0 46860 213 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 5 wlan0 0x0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+6 wlan0 0x0 1029 0 0 0 4920 41 0 0 0 0 0 0 4920 41 0 0 0 0