diff --git a/tests/cts/net/ipsec/src/android/net/ipsec/ike/cts/PacketUtils.java b/tests/cts/net/ipsec/src/android/net/ipsec/ike/cts/PacketUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35e6719
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/net/ipsec/src/android/net/ipsec/ike/cts/PacketUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,467 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.net.ipsec.ike.cts;
+
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_IPV6;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP;
+
+import java.net.Inet4Address;
+import java.net.Inet6Address;
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.nio.ShortBuffer;
+import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
+import java.security.SecureRandom;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+import javax.crypto.Cipher;
+import javax.crypto.Mac;
+import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
+import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
+
+/**
+ * This code is a exact copy of {@link PacketUtils} in
+ * cts/tests/tests/net/src/android/net/cts/PacketUtils.java.
+ *
+ * <p>TODO(b/148689509): Statically include the PacketUtils source file instead of copying it.
+ */
+public class PacketUtils {
+    private static final String TAG = PacketUtils.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    private static final int DATA_BUFFER_LEN = 4096;
+
+    static final int IP4_HDRLEN = 20;
+    static final int IP6_HDRLEN = 40;
+    static final int UDP_HDRLEN = 8;
+    static final int TCP_HDRLEN = 20;
+    static final int TCP_HDRLEN_WITH_TIMESTAMP_OPT = TCP_HDRLEN + 12;
+
+    // Not defined in OsConstants
+    static final int IPPROTO_IPV4 = 4;
+    static final int IPPROTO_ESP = 50;
+
+    // Encryption parameters
+    static final int AES_GCM_IV_LEN = 8;
+    static final int AES_CBC_IV_LEN = 16;
+    static final int AES_GCM_BLK_SIZE = 4;
+    static final int AES_CBC_BLK_SIZE = 16;
+
+    // Encryption algorithms
+    static final String AES = "AES";
+    static final String AES_CBC = "AES/CBC/NoPadding";
+    static final String HMAC_SHA_256 = "HmacSHA256";
+
+    public interface Payload {
+        byte[] getPacketBytes(IpHeader header) throws Exception;
+
+        void addPacketBytes(IpHeader header, ByteBuffer resultBuffer) throws Exception;
+
+        short length();
+
+        int getProtocolId();
+    }
+
+    public abstract static class IpHeader {
+
+        public final byte proto;
+        public final InetAddress srcAddr;
+        public final InetAddress dstAddr;
+        public final Payload payload;
+
+        public IpHeader(int proto, InetAddress src, InetAddress dst, Payload payload) {
+            this.proto = (byte) proto;
+            this.srcAddr = src;
+            this.dstAddr = dst;
+            this.payload = payload;
+        }
+
+        public abstract byte[] getPacketBytes() throws Exception;
+
+        public abstract int getProtocolId();
+    }
+
+    public static class Ip4Header extends IpHeader {
+        private short checksum;
+
+        public Ip4Header(int proto, Inet4Address src, Inet4Address dst, Payload payload) {
+            super(proto, src, dst, payload);
+        }
+
+        public byte[] getPacketBytes() throws Exception {
+            ByteBuffer resultBuffer = buildHeader();
+            payload.addPacketBytes(this, resultBuffer);
+
+            return getByteArrayFromBuffer(resultBuffer);
+        }
+
+        public ByteBuffer buildHeader() {
+            ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocate(DATA_BUFFER_LEN);
+
+            // Version, IHL
+            bb.put((byte) (0x45));
+
+            // DCSP, ECN
+            bb.put((byte) 0);
+
+            // Total Length
+            bb.putShort((short) (IP4_HDRLEN + payload.length()));
+
+            // Empty for Identification, Flags and Fragment Offset
+            bb.putShort((short) 0);
+            bb.put((byte) 0x40);
+            bb.put((byte) 0x00);
+
+            // TTL
+            bb.put((byte) 64);
+
+            // Protocol
+            bb.put(proto);
+
+            // Header Checksum
+            final int ipChecksumOffset = bb.position();
+            bb.putShort((short) 0);
+
+            // Src/Dst addresses
+            bb.put(srcAddr.getAddress());
+            bb.put(dstAddr.getAddress());
+
+            bb.putShort(ipChecksumOffset, calculateChecksum(bb));
+
+            return bb;
+        }
+
+        private short calculateChecksum(ByteBuffer bb) {
+            int checksum = 0;
+
+            // Calculate sum of 16-bit values, excluding checksum. IPv4 headers are always 32-bit
+            // aligned, so no special cases needed for unaligned values.
+            ShortBuffer shortBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(getByteArrayFromBuffer(bb)).asShortBuffer();
+            while (shortBuffer.hasRemaining()) {
+                short val = shortBuffer.get();
+
+                // Wrap as needed
+                checksum = addAndWrapForChecksum(checksum, val);
+            }
+
+            return onesComplement(checksum);
+        }
+
+        public int getProtocolId() {
+            return IPPROTO_IPV4;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class Ip6Header extends IpHeader {
+        public Ip6Header(int nextHeader, Inet6Address src, Inet6Address dst, Payload payload) {
+            super(nextHeader, src, dst, payload);
+        }
+
+        public byte[] getPacketBytes() throws Exception {
+            ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocate(DATA_BUFFER_LEN);
+
+            // Version | Traffic Class (First 4 bits)
+            bb.put((byte) 0x60);
+
+            // Traffic class (Last 4 bits), Flow Label
+            bb.put((byte) 0);
+            bb.put((byte) 0);
+            bb.put((byte) 0);
+
+            // Payload Length
+            bb.putShort((short) payload.length());
+
+            // Next Header
+            bb.put(proto);
+
+            // Hop Limit
+            bb.put((byte) 64);
+
+            // Src/Dst addresses
+            bb.put(srcAddr.getAddress());
+            bb.put(dstAddr.getAddress());
+
+            // Payload
+            payload.addPacketBytes(this, bb);
+
+            return getByteArrayFromBuffer(bb);
+        }
+
+        public int getProtocolId() {
+            return IPPROTO_IPV6;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class BytePayload implements Payload {
+        public final byte[] payload;
+
+        public BytePayload(byte[] payload) {
+            this.payload = payload;
+        }
+
+        public int getProtocolId() {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        public byte[] getPacketBytes(IpHeader header) {
+            ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocate(DATA_BUFFER_LEN);
+
+            addPacketBytes(header, bb);
+            return getByteArrayFromBuffer(bb);
+        }
+
+        public void addPacketBytes(IpHeader header, ByteBuffer resultBuffer) {
+            resultBuffer.put(payload);
+        }
+
+        public short length() {
+            return (short) payload.length;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class UdpHeader implements Payload {
+
+        public final short srcPort;
+        public final short dstPort;
+        public final Payload payload;
+
+        public UdpHeader(int srcPort, int dstPort, Payload payload) {
+            this.srcPort = (short) srcPort;
+            this.dstPort = (short) dstPort;
+            this.payload = payload;
+        }
+
+        public int getProtocolId() {
+            return IPPROTO_UDP;
+        }
+
+        public short length() {
+            return (short) (payload.length() + 8);
+        }
+
+        public byte[] getPacketBytes(IpHeader header) throws Exception {
+            ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocate(DATA_BUFFER_LEN);
+
+            addPacketBytes(header, bb);
+            return getByteArrayFromBuffer(bb);
+        }
+
+        public void addPacketBytes(IpHeader header, ByteBuffer resultBuffer) throws Exception {
+            // Source, Destination port
+            resultBuffer.putShort(srcPort);
+            resultBuffer.putShort(dstPort);
+
+            // Payload Length
+            resultBuffer.putShort(length());
+
+            // Get payload bytes for checksum + payload
+            ByteBuffer payloadBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(DATA_BUFFER_LEN);
+            payload.addPacketBytes(header, payloadBuffer);
+            byte[] payloadBytes = getByteArrayFromBuffer(payloadBuffer);
+
+            // Checksum
+            resultBuffer.putShort(calculateChecksum(header, payloadBytes));
+
+            // Payload
+            resultBuffer.put(payloadBytes);
+        }
+
+        private short calculateChecksum(IpHeader header, byte[] payloadBytes) throws Exception {
+            int newChecksum = 0;
+            ShortBuffer srcBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(header.srcAddr.getAddress()).asShortBuffer();
+            ShortBuffer dstBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(header.dstAddr.getAddress()).asShortBuffer();
+
+            while (srcBuffer.hasRemaining() || dstBuffer.hasRemaining()) {
+                short val = srcBuffer.hasRemaining() ? srcBuffer.get() : dstBuffer.get();
+
+                // Wrap as needed
+                newChecksum = addAndWrapForChecksum(newChecksum, val);
+            }
+
+            // Add pseudo-header values. Proto is 0-padded, so just use the byte.
+            newChecksum = addAndWrapForChecksum(newChecksum, header.proto);
+            newChecksum = addAndWrapForChecksum(newChecksum, length());
+            newChecksum = addAndWrapForChecksum(newChecksum, srcPort);
+            newChecksum = addAndWrapForChecksum(newChecksum, dstPort);
+            newChecksum = addAndWrapForChecksum(newChecksum, length());
+
+            ShortBuffer payloadShortBuffer = ByteBuffer.wrap(payloadBytes).asShortBuffer();
+            while (payloadShortBuffer.hasRemaining()) {
+                newChecksum = addAndWrapForChecksum(newChecksum, payloadShortBuffer.get());
+            }
+            if (payload.length() % 2 != 0) {
+                newChecksum =
+                        addAndWrapForChecksum(
+                                newChecksum, (payloadBytes[payloadBytes.length - 1] << 8));
+            }
+
+            return onesComplement(newChecksum);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static class EspHeader implements Payload {
+        public final int nextHeader;
+        public final int spi;
+        public final int seqNum;
+        public final byte[] key;
+        public final byte[] payload;
+
+        /**
+         * Generic constructor for ESP headers.
+         *
+         * <p>For Tunnel mode, payload will be a full IP header + attached payloads
+         *
+         * <p>For Transport mode, payload will be only the attached payloads, but with the checksum
+         * calculated using the pre-encryption IP header
+         */
+        public EspHeader(int nextHeader, int spi, int seqNum, byte[] key, byte[] payload) {
+            this.nextHeader = nextHeader;
+            this.spi = spi;
+            this.seqNum = seqNum;
+            this.key = key;
+            this.payload = payload;
+        }
+
+        public int getProtocolId() {
+            return IPPROTO_ESP;
+        }
+
+        public short length() {
+            // ALWAYS uses AES-CBC, HMAC-SHA256 (128b trunc len)
+            return (short)
+                    calculateEspPacketSize(payload.length, AES_CBC_IV_LEN, AES_CBC_BLK_SIZE, 128);
+        }
+
+        public byte[] getPacketBytes(IpHeader header) throws Exception {
+            ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocate(DATA_BUFFER_LEN);
+
+            addPacketBytes(header, bb);
+            return getByteArrayFromBuffer(bb);
+        }
+
+        public void addPacketBytes(IpHeader header, ByteBuffer resultBuffer) throws Exception {
+            ByteBuffer espPayloadBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(DATA_BUFFER_LEN);
+            espPayloadBuffer.putInt(spi);
+            espPayloadBuffer.putInt(seqNum);
+            espPayloadBuffer.put(getCiphertext(key));
+
+            espPayloadBuffer.put(getIcv(getByteArrayFromBuffer(espPayloadBuffer)), 0, 16);
+            resultBuffer.put(getByteArrayFromBuffer(espPayloadBuffer));
+        }
+
+        private byte[] getIcv(byte[] authenticatedSection) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+            Mac sha256HMAC = Mac.getInstance(HMAC_SHA_256);
+            SecretKeySpec authKey = new SecretKeySpec(key, HMAC_SHA_256);
+            sha256HMAC.init(authKey);
+
+            return sha256HMAC.doFinal(authenticatedSection);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Encrypts and builds ciphertext block. Includes the IV, Padding and Next-Header blocks
+         *
+         * <p>The ciphertext does NOT include the SPI/Sequence numbers, or the ICV.
+         */
+        private byte[] getCiphertext(byte[] key) throws GeneralSecurityException {
+            int paddedLen = calculateEspEncryptedLength(payload.length, AES_CBC_BLK_SIZE);
+            ByteBuffer paddedPayload = ByteBuffer.allocate(paddedLen);
+            paddedPayload.put(payload);
+
+            // Add padding - consecutive integers from 0x01
+            int pad = 1;
+            while (paddedPayload.position() < paddedPayload.limit()) {
+                paddedPayload.put((byte) pad++);
+            }
+
+            paddedPayload.position(paddedPayload.limit() - 2);
+            paddedPayload.put((byte) (paddedLen - 2 - payload.length)); // Pad length
+            paddedPayload.put((byte) nextHeader);
+
+            // Generate Initialization Vector
+            byte[] iv = new byte[AES_CBC_IV_LEN];
+            new SecureRandom().nextBytes(iv);
+            IvParameterSpec ivParameterSpec = new IvParameterSpec(iv);
+            SecretKeySpec secretKeySpec = new SecretKeySpec(key, AES);
+
+            // Encrypt payload
+            Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES_CBC);
+            cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, secretKeySpec, ivParameterSpec);
+            byte[] encrypted = cipher.doFinal(getByteArrayFromBuffer(paddedPayload));
+
+            // Build ciphertext
+            ByteBuffer cipherText = ByteBuffer.allocate(AES_CBC_IV_LEN + encrypted.length);
+            cipherText.put(iv);
+            cipherText.put(encrypted);
+
+            return getByteArrayFromBuffer(cipherText);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static int addAndWrapForChecksum(int currentChecksum, int value) {
+        currentChecksum += value & 0x0000ffff;
+
+        // Wrap anything beyond the first 16 bits, and add to lower order bits
+        return (currentChecksum >>> 16) + (currentChecksum & 0x0000ffff);
+    }
+
+    private static short onesComplement(int val) {
+        val = (val >>> 16) + (val & 0xffff);
+
+        if (val == 0) return 0;
+        return (short) ((~val) & 0xffff);
+    }
+
+    public static int calculateEspPacketSize(
+            int payloadLen, int cryptIvLength, int cryptBlockSize, int authTruncLen) {
+        final int ESP_HDRLEN = 4 + 4; // SPI + Seq#
+        final int ICV_LEN = authTruncLen / 8; // Auth trailer; based on truncation length
+        payloadLen += cryptIvLength; // Initialization Vector
+
+        // Align to block size of encryption algorithm
+        payloadLen = calculateEspEncryptedLength(payloadLen, cryptBlockSize);
+        return payloadLen + ESP_HDRLEN + ICV_LEN;
+    }
+
+    private static int calculateEspEncryptedLength(int payloadLen, int cryptBlockSize) {
+        payloadLen += 2; // ESP trailer
+
+        // Align to block size of encryption algorithm
+        return payloadLen + calculateEspPadLen(payloadLen, cryptBlockSize);
+    }
+
+    private static int calculateEspPadLen(int payloadLen, int cryptBlockSize) {
+        return (cryptBlockSize - (payloadLen % cryptBlockSize)) % cryptBlockSize;
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] getByteArrayFromBuffer(ByteBuffer buffer) {
+        return Arrays.copyOfRange(buffer.array(), 0, buffer.position());
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Debug printing
+     */
+    private static final char[] hexArray = "0123456789ABCDEF".toCharArray();
+
+    public static String bytesToHex(byte[] bytes) {
+        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+        for (byte b : bytes) {
+            sb.append(hexArray[b >>> 4]);
+            sb.append(hexArray[b & 0x0F]);
+            sb.append(' ');
+        }
+        return sb.toString();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/cts/net/ipsec/src/android/net/ipsec/ike/cts/TunUtils.java b/tests/cts/net/ipsec/src/android/net/ipsec/ike/cts/TunUtils.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71450ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/cts/net/ipsec/src/android/net/ipsec/ike/cts/TunUtils.java
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.net.ipsec.ike.cts;
+
+import static android.net.ipsec.ike.cts.PacketUtils.IP4_HDRLEN;
+import static android.net.ipsec.ike.cts.PacketUtils.IP6_HDRLEN;
+import static android.net.ipsec.ike.cts.PacketUtils.IPPROTO_ESP;
+import static android.net.ipsec.ike.cts.PacketUtils.UDP_HDRLEN;
+import static android.system.OsConstants.IPPROTO_UDP;
+
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+
+import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
+
+import java.io.FileInputStream;
+import java.io.FileOutputStream;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.Predicate;
+
+/**
+ * This code is a exact copy of {@link TunUtils} in
+ * cts/tests/tests/net/src/android/net/cts/TunUtils.java, except the import path of PacketUtils is
+ * the path to the copy of PacktUtils.
+ *
+ * <p>TODO(b/148689509): Statically include the TunUtils source file instead of copying it.
+ */
+public class TunUtils {
+    private static final String TAG = TunUtils.class.getSimpleName();
+
+    private static final int DATA_BUFFER_LEN = 4096;
+    private static final int TIMEOUT = 100;
+
+    private static final int IP4_PROTO_OFFSET = 9;
+    private static final int IP6_PROTO_OFFSET = 6;
+
+    private static final int IP4_ADDR_OFFSET = 12;
+    private static final int IP4_ADDR_LEN = 4;
+    private static final int IP6_ADDR_OFFSET = 8;
+    private static final int IP6_ADDR_LEN = 16;
+
+    private final ParcelFileDescriptor mTunFd;
+    private final List<byte[]> mPackets = new ArrayList<>();
+    private final Thread mReaderThread;
+
+    public TunUtils(ParcelFileDescriptor tunFd) {
+        mTunFd = tunFd;
+
+        // Start background reader thread
+        mReaderThread =
+                new Thread(
+                        () -> {
+                            try {
+                                // Loop will exit and thread will quit when tunFd is closed.
+                                // Receiving either EOF or an exception will exit this reader loop.
+                                // FileInputStream in uninterruptable, so there's no good way to
+                                // ensure that this thread shuts down except upon FD closure.
+                                while (true) {
+                                    byte[] intercepted = receiveFromTun();
+                                    if (intercepted == null) {
+                                        // Exit once we've hit EOF
+                                        return;
+                                    } else if (intercepted.length > 0) {
+                                        // Only save packet if we've received any bytes.
+                                        synchronized (mPackets) {
+                                            mPackets.add(intercepted);
+                                            mPackets.notifyAll();
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            } catch (IOException ignored) {
+                                // Simply exit this reader thread
+                                return;
+                            }
+                        });
+        mReaderThread.start();
+    }
+
+    private byte[] receiveFromTun() throws IOException {
+        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(mTunFd.getFileDescriptor());
+        byte[] inBytes = new byte[DATA_BUFFER_LEN];
+        int bytesRead = in.read(inBytes);
+
+        if (bytesRead < 0) {
+            return null; // return null for EOF
+        } else if (bytesRead >= DATA_BUFFER_LEN) {
+            throw new IllegalStateException("Too big packet. Fragmentation unsupported");
+        }
+        return Arrays.copyOf(inBytes, bytesRead);
+    }
+
+    private byte[] getFirstMatchingPacket(Predicate<byte[]> verifier, int startIndex) {
+        synchronized (mPackets) {
+            for (int i = startIndex; i < mPackets.size(); i++) {
+                byte[] pkt = mPackets.get(i);
+                if (verifier.test(pkt)) {
+                    return pkt;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the specified bytes were ever sent in plaintext.
+     *
+     * <p>Only checks for known plaintext bytes to prevent triggering on ICMP/RA packets or the like
+     *
+     * @param plaintext the plaintext bytes to check for
+     * @param startIndex the index in the list to check for
+     */
+    public boolean hasPlaintextPacket(byte[] plaintext, int startIndex) {
+        Predicate<byte[]> verifier =
+                (pkt) -> {
+                    return Collections.indexOfSubList(Arrays.asList(pkt), Arrays.asList(plaintext))
+                            != -1;
+                };
+        return getFirstMatchingPacket(verifier, startIndex) != null;
+    }
+
+    public byte[] getEspPacket(int spi, boolean encap, int startIndex) {
+        return getFirstMatchingPacket(
+                (pkt) -> {
+                    return isEsp(pkt, spi, encap);
+                },
+                startIndex);
+    }
+
+    public byte[] awaitEspPacketNoPlaintext(
+            int spi, byte[] plaintext, boolean useEncap, int expectedPacketSize) throws Exception {
+        long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + TIMEOUT;
+        int startIndex = 0;
+
+        synchronized (mPackets) {
+            while (System.currentTimeMillis() < endTime) {
+                byte[] espPkt = getEspPacket(spi, useEncap, startIndex);
+                if (espPkt != null) {
+                    // Validate packet size
+                    assertEquals(expectedPacketSize, espPkt.length);
+
+                    // Always check plaintext from start
+                    assertFalse(hasPlaintextPacket(plaintext, 0));
+                    return espPkt; // We've found the packet we're looking for.
+                }
+
+                startIndex = mPackets.size();
+
+                // Try to prevent waiting too long. If waitTimeout <= 0, we've already hit timeout
+                long waitTimeout = endTime - System.currentTimeMillis();
+                if (waitTimeout > 0) {
+                    mPackets.wait(waitTimeout);
+                }
+            }
+
+            fail("No such ESP packet found with SPI " + spi);
+        }
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isSpiEqual(byte[] pkt, int espOffset, int spi) {
+        // Check SPI byte by byte.
+        return pkt[espOffset] == (byte) ((spi >>> 24) & 0xff)
+                && pkt[espOffset + 1] == (byte) ((spi >>> 16) & 0xff)
+                && pkt[espOffset + 2] == (byte) ((spi >>> 8) & 0xff)
+                && pkt[espOffset + 3] == (byte) (spi & 0xff);
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isEsp(byte[] pkt, int spi, boolean encap) {
+        if (isIpv6(pkt)) {
+            // IPv6 UDP encap not supported by kernels; assume non-encap.
+            return pkt[IP6_PROTO_OFFSET] == IPPROTO_ESP && isSpiEqual(pkt, IP6_HDRLEN, spi);
+        } else {
+            // Use default IPv4 header length (assuming no options)
+            if (encap) {
+                return pkt[IP4_PROTO_OFFSET] == IPPROTO_UDP
+                        && isSpiEqual(pkt, IP4_HDRLEN + UDP_HDRLEN, spi);
+            } else {
+                return pkt[IP4_PROTO_OFFSET] == IPPROTO_ESP && isSpiEqual(pkt, IP4_HDRLEN, spi);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static boolean isIpv6(byte[] pkt) {
+        // First nibble shows IP version. 0x60 for IPv6
+        return (pkt[0] & (byte) 0xF0) == (byte) 0x60;
+    }
+
+    private static byte[] getReflectedPacket(byte[] pkt) {
+        byte[] reflected = Arrays.copyOf(pkt, pkt.length);
+
+        if (isIpv6(pkt)) {
+            // Set reflected packet's dst to that of the original's src
+            System.arraycopy(
+                    pkt, // src
+                    IP6_ADDR_OFFSET + IP6_ADDR_LEN, // src offset
+                    reflected, // dst
+                    IP6_ADDR_OFFSET, // dst offset
+                    IP6_ADDR_LEN); // len
+            // Set reflected packet's src IP to that of the original's dst IP
+            System.arraycopy(
+                    pkt, // src
+                    IP6_ADDR_OFFSET, // src offset
+                    reflected, // dst
+                    IP6_ADDR_OFFSET + IP6_ADDR_LEN, // dst offset
+                    IP6_ADDR_LEN); // len
+        } else {
+            // Set reflected packet's dst to that of the original's src
+            System.arraycopy(
+                    pkt, // src
+                    IP4_ADDR_OFFSET + IP4_ADDR_LEN, // src offset
+                    reflected, // dst
+                    IP4_ADDR_OFFSET, // dst offset
+                    IP4_ADDR_LEN); // len
+            // Set reflected packet's src IP to that of the original's dst IP
+            System.arraycopy(
+                    pkt, // src
+                    IP4_ADDR_OFFSET, // src offset
+                    reflected, // dst
+                    IP4_ADDR_OFFSET + IP4_ADDR_LEN, // dst offset
+                    IP4_ADDR_LEN); // len
+        }
+        return reflected;
+    }
+
+    /** Takes all captured packets, flips the src/dst, and re-injects them. */
+    public void reflectPackets() throws IOException {
+        synchronized (mPackets) {
+            for (byte[] pkt : mPackets) {
+                injectPacket(getReflectedPacket(pkt));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void injectPacket(byte[] pkt) throws IOException {
+        FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(mTunFd.getFileDescriptor());
+        out.write(pkt);
+        out.flush();
+    }
+
+    /** Resets the intercepted packets. */
+    public void reset() throws IOException {
+        synchronized (mPackets) {
+            mPackets.clear();
+        }
+    }
+}