diff --git a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index b9076e9..8b91a45 100644
--- a/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/service/src/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -1273,6 +1273,20 @@
         public boolean getCellular464XlatEnabled() {
             return NetworkProperties.isCellular464XlatEnabled().orElse(true);
         }
+
+        /**
+         * @see PendingIntent#intentFilterEquals
+         */
+        public boolean intentFilterEquals(PendingIntent a, PendingIntent b) {
+            return a.intentFilterEquals(b);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @see LocationPermissionChecker
+         */
+        public LocationPermissionChecker makeLocationPermissionChecker(Context context) {
+            return new LocationPermissionChecker(context);
+        }
     }
 
     public ConnectivityService(Context context) {
@@ -1340,7 +1354,7 @@
         mNetd = netd;
         mTelephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);
         mAppOpsManager = (AppOpsManager) mContext.getSystemService(Context.APP_OPS_SERVICE);
-        mLocationPermissionChecker = new LocationPermissionChecker(mContext);
+        mLocationPermissionChecker = mDeps.makeLocationPermissionChecker(mContext);
 
         // To ensure uid state is synchronized with Network Policy, register for
         // NetworkPolicyManagerService events must happen prior to NetworkPolicyManagerService
@@ -3918,7 +3932,7 @@
         for (Map.Entry<NetworkRequest, NetworkRequestInfo> entry : mNetworkRequests.entrySet()) {
             PendingIntent existingPendingIntent = entry.getValue().mPendingIntent;
             if (existingPendingIntent != null &&
-                    existingPendingIntent.intentFilterEquals(pendingIntent)) {
+                    mDeps.intentFilterEquals(existingPendingIntent, pendingIntent)) {
                 return entry.getValue();
             }
         }
diff --git a/tests/unit/Android.bp b/tests/unit/Android.bp
index 6c4bb90..5eb43f3 100644
--- a/tests/unit/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/unit/Android.bp
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@
         "java/**/*.kt",
     ],
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
-    certificate: "platform",
     jarjar_rules: "jarjar-rules.txt",
     static_libs: [
         "androidx.test.rules",
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index b0d849a..eae599d 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -18,10 +18,15 @@
 
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CHANGE_NETWORK_STATE;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.CONTROL_OEM_PAID_NETWORK_PREFERENCE;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.CREATE_USERS;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.DUMP;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.GET_INTENT_SENDER_INTENT;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.LOCAL_MAC_ADDRESS;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_FACTORY;
 import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETTINGS;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.PACKET_KEEPALIVE_OFFLOAD;
 import static android.app.PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE;
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED;
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_REMOVED;
@@ -132,6 +137,7 @@
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertRunsInAtMost;
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertSameElements;
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertThrows;
+import static com.android.testutils.TestPermissionUtil.runAsShell;
 
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertFalse;
@@ -257,6 +263,7 @@
 import android.net.shared.PrivateDnsConfig;
 import android.net.util.MultinetworkPolicyTracker;
 import android.os.BadParcelableException;
+import android.os.BatteryStatsManager;
 import android.os.Binder;
 import android.os.Build;
 import android.os.Bundle;
@@ -295,6 +302,7 @@
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
 
 import com.android.connectivity.resources.R;
+import com.android.internal.app.IBatteryStats;
 import com.android.internal.net.VpnConfig;
 import com.android.internal.net.VpnProfile;
 import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
@@ -303,6 +311,7 @@
 import com.android.internal.util.test.FakeSettingsProvider;
 import com.android.net.module.util.ArrayTrackRecord;
 import com.android.net.module.util.CollectionUtils;
+import com.android.net.module.util.LocationPermissionChecker;
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityService.ConnectivityDiagnosticsCallbackInfo;
 import com.android.server.ConnectivityService.NetworkRequestInfo;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.MockableSystemProperties;
@@ -486,6 +495,11 @@
     @Mock Resources mResources;
     @Mock ProxyTracker mProxyTracker;
 
+    // BatteryStatsManager is final and cannot be mocked with regular mockito, so just mock the
+    // underlying binder calls.
+    final BatteryStatsManager mBatteryStatsManager =
+            new BatteryStatsManager(mock(IBatteryStats.class));
+
     private ArgumentCaptor<ResolverParamsParcel> mResolverParamsParcelCaptor =
             ArgumentCaptor.forClass(ResolverParamsParcel.class);
 
@@ -577,6 +591,7 @@
             if (Context.NETWORK_POLICY_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mNetworkPolicyManager;
             if (Context.SYSTEM_CONFIG_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mSystemConfigManager;
             if (Context.NETWORK_STATS_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mStatsManager;
+            if (Context.BATTERY_STATS_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mBatteryStatsManager;
             return super.getSystemService(name);
         }
 
@@ -657,6 +672,15 @@
         public void setPermission(String permission, Integer granted) {
             mMockedPermissions.put(permission, granted);
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public Intent registerReceiverForAllUsers(@Nullable BroadcastReceiver receiver,
+                @NonNull IntentFilter filter, @Nullable String broadcastPermission,
+                @Nullable Handler scheduler) {
+            // TODO: ensure MultinetworkPolicyTracker's BroadcastReceiver is tested; just returning
+            // null should not pass the test
+            return null;
+        }
     }
 
     private void waitForIdle() {
@@ -1206,7 +1230,24 @@
                             return mDeviceIdleInternal;
                         }
                     },
-                    mNetworkManagementService, mMockNetd, userId, mVpnProfileStore);
+                    mNetworkManagementService, mMockNetd, userId, mVpnProfileStore,
+                    new SystemServices(mServiceContext) {
+                        @Override
+                        public String settingsSecureGetStringForUser(String key, int userId) {
+                            switch (key) {
+                                // Settings keys not marked as @Readable are not readable from
+                                // non-privileged apps, unless marked as testOnly=true
+                                // (atest refuses to install testOnly=true apps), even if mocked
+                                // in the content provider, because
+                                // Settings.Secure.NameValueCache#getStringForUser checks the key
+                                // before querying the mock settings provider.
+                                case Settings.Secure.ALWAYS_ON_VPN_APP:
+                                    return null;
+                                default:
+                                    return super.settingsSecureGetStringForUser(key, userId);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }, new Ikev2SessionCreator());
         }
 
         public void setUids(Set<UidRange> uids) {
@@ -1590,6 +1631,11 @@
         mServiceContext = new MockContext(InstrumentationRegistry.getContext(),
                 new FakeSettingsProvider());
         mServiceContext.setUseRegisteredHandlers(true);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_FACTORY, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(CONTROL_OEM_PAID_NETWORK_PREFERENCE, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(PACKET_KEEPALIVE_OFFLOAD, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(CONNECTIVITY_USE_RESTRICTED_NETWORKS, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
 
         mAlarmManagerThread = new HandlerThread("TestAlarmManager");
         mAlarmManagerThread.start();
@@ -1649,6 +1695,13 @@
             return mPolicyTracker;
         }).when(deps).makeMultinetworkPolicyTracker(any(), any(), any());
         doReturn(true).when(deps).getCellular464XlatEnabled();
+        doAnswer(inv ->
+            new LocationPermissionChecker(inv.getArgument(0)) {
+                @Override
+                protected int getCurrentUser() {
+                    return runAsShell(CREATE_USERS, () -> super.getCurrentUser());
+                }
+            }).when(deps).makeLocationPermissionChecker(any());
 
         doReturn(60000).when(mResources).getInteger(R.integer.config_networkTransitionTimeout);
         doReturn("").when(mResources).getString(R.string.config_networkCaptivePortalServerUrl);
@@ -1678,6 +1731,12 @@
         doReturn(mResources).when(mockResContext).getResources();
         ConnectivityResources.setResourcesContextForTest(mockResContext);
 
+        doAnswer(inv -> {
+            final PendingIntent a = inv.getArgument(0);
+            final PendingIntent b = inv.getArgument(1);
+            return runAsShell(GET_INTENT_SENDER_INTENT, () -> a.intentFilterEquals(b));
+        }).when(deps).intentFilterEquals(any(), any());
+
         return deps;
     }
 
@@ -9237,8 +9296,7 @@
         mServiceContext.setPermission(NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK,
                 PERMISSION_DENIED);
         mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_SETTINGS, PERMISSION_DENIED);
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK,
-                PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
         mServiceContext.setPermission(Manifest.permission.NETWORK_SETUP_WIZARD,
                 PERMISSION_DENIED);
     }
@@ -9679,7 +9737,7 @@
         setupConnectionOwnerUid(vpnOwnerUid, vpnType);
 
         // Test as VPN app
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
         mServiceContext.setPermission(
                 NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
     }
@@ -9719,8 +9777,7 @@
     public void testGetConnectionOwnerUidVpnServiceNetworkStackDoesNotThrow() throws Exception {
         final int myUid = Process.myUid();
         setupConnectionOwnerUid(myUid, VpnManager.TYPE_VPN_SERVICE);
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
 
         assertEquals(42, mService.getConnectionOwnerUid(getTestConnectionInfo()));
     }
@@ -9888,8 +9945,7 @@
     public void testCheckConnectivityDiagnosticsPermissionsNetworkStack() throws Exception {
         final NetworkAgentInfo naiWithoutUid = fakeMobileNai(new NetworkCapabilities());
 
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
         assertTrue(
                 "NetworkStack permission not applied",
                 mService.checkConnectivityDiagnosticsPermissions(
@@ -9905,7 +9961,7 @@
         nc.setAdministratorUids(new int[] {wrongUid});
         final NetworkAgentInfo naiWithUid = fakeWifiNai(nc);
 
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
 
         assertFalse(
                 "Mismatched uid/package name should not pass the location permission check",
@@ -9915,7 +9971,7 @@
 
     private void verifyConnectivityDiagnosticsPermissionsWithNetworkAgentInfo(
             NetworkAgentInfo info, boolean expectPermission) {
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
 
         assertEquals(
                 "Unexpected ConnDiags permission",
@@ -9983,7 +10039,7 @@
 
         setupLocationPermissions(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q, true, AppOpsManager.OPSTR_FINE_LOCATION,
                 Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
 
         assertTrue(
                 "NetworkCapabilities administrator uid permission not applied",
@@ -10000,7 +10056,7 @@
 
         setupLocationPermissions(Build.VERSION_CODES.Q, true, AppOpsManager.OPSTR_FINE_LOCATION,
                 Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_DENIED);
 
         // Use wrong pid and uid
         assertFalse(
@@ -10026,8 +10082,7 @@
         final NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder().build();
         when(mConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback.asBinder()).thenReturn(mIBinder);
 
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
 
         mService.registerConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback(
                 mConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback, request, mContext.getPackageName());
@@ -10046,8 +10101,7 @@
         final NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder().build();
         when(mConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback.asBinder()).thenReturn(mIBinder);
 
-        mServiceContext.setPermission(
-                android.Manifest.permission.NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
+        mServiceContext.setPermission(NETWORK_STACK, PERMISSION_GRANTED);
 
         mService.registerConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback(
                 mConnectivityDiagnosticsCallback, request, mContext.getPackageName());
diff --git a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
index 0ba5f7d..3dd6598 100644
--- a/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/unit/java/com/android/server/net/NetworkStatsServiceTest.java
@@ -16,12 +16,17 @@
 
 package com.android.server.net;
 
+import static android.Manifest.permission.READ_NETWORK_USAGE_HISTORY;
+import static android.Manifest.permission.UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS;
 import static android.content.Intent.ACTION_UID_REMOVED;
 import static android.content.Intent.EXTRA_UID;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED;
+import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI;
 import static android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PAID;
 import static android.net.NetworkIdentity.OEM_PRIVATE;
+import static android.net.NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_ALL;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_NO;
 import static android.net.NetworkStats.DEFAULT_NETWORK_YES;
@@ -106,6 +111,7 @@
 import android.provider.Settings;
 import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;
 
+import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 import androidx.test.InstrumentationRegistry;
 import androidx.test.filters.SmallTest;
 import androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnit4;
@@ -199,6 +205,26 @@
             if (Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mTelephonyManager;
             return mBaseContext.getSystemService(name);
         }
+
+        @Override
+        public void enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(String permission, @Nullable String message) {
+            if (checkCallingOrSelfPermission(permission) != PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
+                throw new SecurityException("Test does not have mocked permission " + permission);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int checkCallingOrSelfPermission(String permission) {
+            switch (permission) {
+                case PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK:
+                case READ_NETWORK_USAGE_HISTORY:
+                case UPDATE_DEVICE_STATS:
+                    return PERMISSION_GRANTED;
+                default:
+                    return PERMISSION_DENIED;
+            }
+
+        }
     }
 
     private final Clock mClock = new SimpleClock(ZoneOffset.UTC) {