diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
index ae80d7e..a71d46c 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityService.java
@@ -2614,9 +2614,11 @@
                     final boolean valid = ((msg.arg1 & NETWORK_VALIDATION_RESULT_VALID) != 0);
                     final boolean wasValidated = nai.lastValidated;
                     final boolean wasDefault = isDefaultNetwork(nai);
-                    if (nai.everCaptivePortalDetected && !nai.captivePortalLoginNotified
-                            && valid) {
-                        nai.captivePortalLoginNotified = true;
+                    // Only show a connected notification if the network is pending validation
+                    // after the captive portal app was open, and it has now validated.
+                    if (nai.captivePortalValidationPending && valid) {
+                        // User is now logged in, network validated.
+                        nai.captivePortalValidationPending = false;
                         showNetworkNotification(nai, NotificationType.LOGGED_IN);
                     }
 
@@ -2687,9 +2689,6 @@
                         final int oldScore = nai.getCurrentScore();
                         nai.lastCaptivePortalDetected = visible;
                         nai.everCaptivePortalDetected |= visible;
-                        if (visible) {
-                            nai.captivePortalLoginNotified = false;
-                        }
                         if (nai.lastCaptivePortalDetected &&
                             Settings.Global.CAPTIVE_PORTAL_MODE_AVOID == getCaptivePortalMode()) {
                             if (DBG) log("Avoiding captive portal network: " + nai.name());
@@ -3498,6 +3497,12 @@
                 new CaptivePortal(new CaptivePortalImpl(network).asBinder()));
         appIntent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_BROUGHT_TO_FRONT | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
 
+        // This runs on a random binder thread, but getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork is thread-safe,
+        // and captivePortalValidationPending is volatile.
+        final NetworkAgentInfo nai = getNetworkAgentInfoForNetwork(network);
+        if (nai != null) {
+            nai.captivePortalValidationPending = true;
+        }
         Binder.withCleanCallingIdentity(() ->
                 mContext.startActivityAsUser(appIntent, UserHandle.CURRENT));
     }
diff --git a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkAgentInfo.java b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkAgentInfo.java
index 864a793..5b04379 100644
--- a/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkAgentInfo.java
+++ b/services/core/java/com/android/server/connectivity/NetworkAgentInfo.java
@@ -155,9 +155,9 @@
     // Whether a captive portal was found during the last network validation attempt.
     public boolean lastCaptivePortalDetected;
 
-    // Indicates the user was notified of a successful captive portal login since a portal was
-    // last detected.
-    public boolean captivePortalLoginNotified;
+    // Indicates the captive portal app was opened to show a login UI to the user, but the network
+    // has not validated yet.
+    public volatile boolean captivePortalValidationPending;
 
     // Set to true when partial connectivity was detected.
     public boolean partialConnectivity;
@@ -629,7 +629,7 @@
                 + "acceptUnvalidated{" + networkMisc.acceptUnvalidated + "} "
                 + "everCaptivePortalDetected{" + everCaptivePortalDetected + "} "
                 + "lastCaptivePortalDetected{" + lastCaptivePortalDetected + "} "
-                + "captivePortalLoginNotified{" + captivePortalLoginNotified + "} "
+                + "captivePortalValidationPending{" + captivePortalValidationPending + "} "
                 + "partialConnectivity{" + partialConnectivity + "} "
                 + "acceptPartialConnectivity{" + networkMisc.acceptPartialConnectivity + "} "
                 + "clat{" + clatd + "} "
diff --git a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
index 7317d62..7f1a1f3 100644
--- a/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
+++ b/tests/net/java/com/android/server/ConnectivityServiceTest.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.GET_PERMISSIONS;
 import static android.content.pm.PackageManager.MATCH_ANY_USER;
+import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.ACTION_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_SIGN_IN;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.CONNECTIVITY_ACTION;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.NETID_UNSET;
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.PRIVATE_DNS_MODE_OFF;
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@
 
 import static com.android.testutils.ConcurrentUtilsKt.await;
 import static com.android.testutils.ConcurrentUtilsKt.durationOf;
+import static com.android.testutils.ExceptionUtils.ignoreExceptions;
 import static com.android.testutils.HandlerUtilsKt.waitForIdleSerialExecutor;
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAssertsKt.assertContainsExactly;
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAssertsKt.assertEmpty;
@@ -84,13 +86,13 @@
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertNull;
 import static org.junit.Assert.assertTrue;
 import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
+import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.ArgumentMatchers.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Matchers.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.any;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.atLeastOnce;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doAnswer;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.doNothing;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.eq;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.mock;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.never;
@@ -145,6 +147,7 @@
 import android.net.NetworkMisc;
 import android.net.NetworkRequest;
 import android.net.NetworkSpecifier;
+import android.net.NetworkStack;
 import android.net.NetworkStackClient;
 import android.net.NetworkState;
 import android.net.NetworkUtils;
@@ -157,7 +160,9 @@
 import android.net.shared.NetworkMonitorUtils;
 import android.net.shared.PrivateDnsConfig;
 import android.net.util.MultinetworkPolicyTracker;
+import android.os.BadParcelableException;
 import android.os.Binder;
+import android.os.Bundle;
 import android.os.ConditionVariable;
 import android.os.Handler;
 import android.os.HandlerThread;
@@ -195,14 +200,15 @@
 import com.android.server.connectivity.IpConnectivityMetrics;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.MockableSystemProperties;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.Nat464Xlat;
+import com.android.server.connectivity.NetworkNotificationManager.NotificationType;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.ProxyTracker;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.Tethering;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.Vpn;
 import com.android.server.net.NetworkPinner;
 import com.android.server.net.NetworkPolicyManagerInternal;
 import com.android.server.net.NetworkStatsFactory;
+import com.android.testutils.ExceptionUtils;
 import com.android.testutils.HandlerUtilsKt;
-import com.android.testutils.ThrowingConsumer;
 
 import org.junit.After;
 import org.junit.Before;
@@ -223,7 +229,6 @@
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
 import java.net.Socket;
-import java.net.UnknownHostException;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Collection;
@@ -289,6 +294,7 @@
     @Mock NetworkStackClient mNetworkStack;
     @Mock PackageManager mPackageManager;
     @Mock UserManager mUserManager;
+    @Mock NotificationManager mNotificationManager;
 
     private ArgumentCaptor<ResolverParamsParcel> mResolverParamsParcelCaptor =
             ArgumentCaptor.forClass(ResolverParamsParcel.class);
@@ -339,15 +345,6 @@
             mStartedActivities.offer(intent);
         }
 
-        public Intent expectStartActivityIntent(int timeoutMs) {
-            Intent intent = null;
-            try {
-                intent = mStartedActivities.poll(timeoutMs, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
-            } catch (InterruptedException e) {}
-            assertNotNull("Did not receive sign-in intent after " + timeoutMs + "ms", intent);
-            return intent;
-        }
-
         public void expectNoStartActivityIntent(int timeoutMs) {
             try {
                 assertNull("Received unexpected Intent to start activity",
@@ -358,7 +355,7 @@
         @Override
         public Object getSystemService(String name) {
             if (Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mCm;
-            if (Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mock(NotificationManager.class);
+            if (Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mNotificationManager;
             if (Context.NETWORK_STACK_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mNetworkStack;
             if (Context.USER_SERVICE.equals(name)) return mUserManager;
             return super.getSystemService(name);
@@ -378,7 +375,17 @@
         public PackageManager getPackageManager() {
             return mPackageManager;
         }
-   }
+
+        @Override
+        public void enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(String permission, String message) {
+            // The mainline permission can only be held if signed with the network stack certificate
+            // Skip testing for this permission.
+            if (NetworkStack.PERMISSION_MAINLINE_NETWORK_STACK.equals(permission)) return;
+            // All other permissions should be held by the test or unnecessary: check as normal to
+            // make sure the code does not rely on unexpected permissions.
+            super.enforceCallingOrSelfPermission(permission, message);
+        }
+    }
 
     public void waitForIdle(int timeoutMsAsInt) {
         long timeoutMs = timeoutMsAsInt;
@@ -402,7 +409,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testWaitForIdle() {
+    public void testWaitForIdle() throws Exception {
         final int attempts = 50;  // Causes the test to take about 200ms on bullhead-eng.
 
         // Tests that waitForIdle returns immediately if the service is already idle.
@@ -429,7 +436,7 @@
     // This test has an inherent race condition in it, and cannot be enabled for continuous testing
     // or presubmit tests. It is kept for manual runs and documentation purposes.
     @Ignore
-    public void verifyThatNotWaitingForIdleCausesRaceConditions() {
+    public void verifyThatNotWaitingForIdleCausesRaceConditions() throws Exception {
         // Bring up a network that we can use to send messages to ConnectivityService.
         ConditionVariable cv = waitForConnectivityBroadcasts(1);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
@@ -509,11 +516,11 @@
             mNmValidationRedirectUrl = null;
         }
 
-        MockNetworkAgent(int transport) {
+        MockNetworkAgent(int transport) throws Exception {
             this(transport, new LinkProperties());
         }
 
-        MockNetworkAgent(int transport, LinkProperties linkProperties) {
+        MockNetworkAgent(int transport, LinkProperties linkProperties) throws Exception {
             final int type = transportToLegacyType(transport);
             final String typeName = ConnectivityManager.getNetworkTypeName(type);
             mNetworkInfo = new NetworkInfo(type, 0, typeName, "Mock");
@@ -544,16 +551,12 @@
 
             mNetworkMonitor = mock(INetworkMonitor.class);
             final Answer validateAnswer = inv -> {
-                new Thread(this::onValidationRequested).start();
+                new Thread(ignoreExceptions(this::onValidationRequested)).start();
                 return null;
             };
 
-            try {
-                doAnswer(validateAnswer).when(mNetworkMonitor).notifyNetworkConnected(any(), any());
-                doAnswer(validateAnswer).when(mNetworkMonitor).forceReevaluation(anyInt());
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {
-                fail(e.getMessage());
-            }
+            doAnswer(validateAnswer).when(mNetworkMonitor).notifyNetworkConnected(any(), any());
+            doAnswer(validateAnswer).when(mNetworkMonitor).forceReevaluation(anyInt());
 
             final ArgumentCaptor<Network> nmNetworkCaptor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Network.class);
             final ArgumentCaptor<INetworkMonitorCallbacks> nmCbCaptor =
@@ -608,35 +611,27 @@
             assertEquals(mNetworkAgent.netId, nmNetworkCaptor.getValue().netId);
             mNmCallbacks = nmCbCaptor.getValue();
 
-            try {
-                mNmCallbacks.onNetworkMonitorCreated(mNetworkMonitor);
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {
-                fail(e.getMessage());
-            }
+            mNmCallbacks.onNetworkMonitorCreated(mNetworkMonitor);
 
             // Waits for the NetworkAgent to be registered, which includes the creation of the
             // NetworkMonitor.
             waitForIdle();
         }
 
-        private void onValidationRequested() {
-            try {
-                if (mNmProvNotificationRequested
-                        && ((mNmValidationResult & NETWORK_VALIDATION_RESULT_VALID) != 0)) {
-                    mNmCallbacks.hideProvisioningNotification();
-                    mNmProvNotificationRequested = false;
-                }
+        private void onValidationRequested() throws Exception {
+            if (mNmProvNotificationRequested
+                    && ((mNmValidationResult & NETWORK_VALIDATION_RESULT_VALID) != 0)) {
+                mNmCallbacks.hideProvisioningNotification();
+                mNmProvNotificationRequested = false;
+            }
 
-                mNmCallbacks.notifyNetworkTested(
-                        mNmValidationResult, mNmValidationRedirectUrl);
+            mNmCallbacks.notifyNetworkTested(
+                    mNmValidationResult, mNmValidationRedirectUrl);
 
-                if (mNmValidationRedirectUrl != null) {
-                    mNmCallbacks.showProvisioningNotification(
-                            "test_provisioning_notif_action", "com.android.test.package");
-                    mNmProvNotificationRequested = true;
-                }
-            } catch (RemoteException e) {
-                fail(e.getMessage());
+            if (mNmValidationRedirectUrl != null) {
+                mNmCallbacks.showProvisioningNotification(
+                        "test_provisioning_notif_action", "com.android.test.package");
+                mNmProvNotificationRequested = true;
             }
         }
 
@@ -1234,18 +1229,13 @@
             waitForIdle(TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
-        public void setUidRulesChanged(int uidRules) {
-            try {
-                mPolicyListener.onUidRulesChanged(Process.myUid(), uidRules);
-            } catch (RemoteException ignored) {
-            }
+        public void setUidRulesChanged(int uidRules) throws RemoteException {
+            mPolicyListener.onUidRulesChanged(Process.myUid(), uidRules);
         }
 
-        public void setRestrictBackgroundChanged(boolean restrictBackground) {
-            try {
-                mPolicyListener.onRestrictBackgroundChanged(restrictBackground);
-            } catch (RemoteException ignored) {
-            }
+        public void setRestrictBackgroundChanged(boolean restrictBackground)
+                throws RemoteException {
+            mPolicyListener.onRestrictBackgroundChanged(restrictBackground);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1800,12 +1790,9 @@
             return mLastAvailableNetwork;
         }
 
-        CallbackInfo nextCallback(int timeoutMs) {
+        CallbackInfo nextCallback(int timeoutMs) throws InterruptedException {
             CallbackInfo cb = null;
-            try {
-                cb = mCallbacks.poll(timeoutMs, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
-            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-            }
+            cb = mCallbacks.poll(timeoutMs, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
             if (cb == null) {
                 // LinkedBlockingQueue.poll() returns null if it timeouts.
                 fail("Did not receive callback after " + timeoutMs + "ms");
@@ -1813,7 +1800,8 @@
             return cb;
         }
 
-        CallbackInfo expectCallback(CallbackState state, MockNetworkAgent agent, int timeoutMs) {
+        CallbackInfo expectCallback(CallbackState state, MockNetworkAgent agent, int timeoutMs)
+                throws Exception {
             final Network expectedNetwork = (agent != null) ? agent.getNetwork() : null;
             CallbackInfo expected = new CallbackInfo(state, expectedNetwork, 0);
             CallbackInfo actual = nextCallback(timeoutMs);
@@ -1830,15 +1818,16 @@
             return actual;
         }
 
-        CallbackInfo expectCallback(CallbackState state, MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+        CallbackInfo expectCallback(CallbackState state, MockNetworkAgent agent) throws Exception {
             return expectCallback(state, agent, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
-        CallbackInfo expectCallbackLike(Predicate<CallbackInfo> fn) {
+        CallbackInfo expectCallbackLike(Predicate<CallbackInfo> fn) throws Exception {
             return expectCallbackLike(fn, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
-        CallbackInfo expectCallbackLike(Predicate<CallbackInfo> fn, int timeoutMs) {
+        CallbackInfo expectCallbackLike(Predicate<CallbackInfo> fn, int timeoutMs)
+                throws Exception {
             int timeLeft = timeoutMs;
             while (timeLeft > 0) {
                 long start = SystemClock.elapsedRealtime();
@@ -1864,7 +1853,7 @@
         //        onCapabilitiesChanged callback.
         // @param timeoutMs how long to wait for the callbacks.
         void expectAvailableCallbacks(MockNetworkAgent agent, boolean expectSuspended,
-                boolean expectValidated, boolean expectBlocked, int timeoutMs) {
+                boolean expectValidated, boolean expectBlocked, int timeoutMs) throws Exception {
             expectCallback(CallbackState.AVAILABLE, agent, timeoutMs);
             if (expectSuspended) {
                 expectCallback(CallbackState.SUSPENDED, agent, timeoutMs);
@@ -1879,23 +1868,26 @@
         }
 
         // Expects the available callbacks (validated), plus onSuspended.
-        void expectAvailableAndSuspendedCallbacks(MockNetworkAgent agent, boolean expectValidated) {
+        void expectAvailableAndSuspendedCallbacks(MockNetworkAgent agent, boolean expectValidated)
+                throws Exception {
             expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, true, expectValidated, false, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
-        void expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+        void expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(MockNetworkAgent agent)
+                throws Exception {
             expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, false, true, false, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
-        void expectAvailableCallbacksValidatedAndBlocked(MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+        void expectAvailableCallbacksValidatedAndBlocked(MockNetworkAgent agent) throws Exception {
             expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, false, true, true, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
-        void expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+        void expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(MockNetworkAgent agent) throws Exception {
             expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, false, false, false, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
-        void expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidatedAndBlocked(MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+        void expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidatedAndBlocked(MockNetworkAgent agent)
+                throws Exception {
             expectAvailableCallbacks(agent, false, false, true, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
@@ -1903,7 +1895,7 @@
         // VALIDATED capability), plus another onCapabilitiesChanged which is identical to the
         // one we just sent.
         // TODO: this is likely a bug. Fix it and remove this method.
-        void expectAvailableDoubleValidatedCallbacks(MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+        void expectAvailableDoubleValidatedCallbacks(MockNetworkAgent agent) throws Exception {
             expectCallback(CallbackState.AVAILABLE, agent, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
             NetworkCapabilities nc1 = expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, agent);
             expectCallback(CallbackState.LINK_PROPERTIES, agent, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
@@ -1917,48 +1909,53 @@
         // Expects the available callbacks where the onCapabilitiesChanged must not have validated,
         // then expects another onCapabilitiesChanged that has the validated bit set. This is used
         // when a network connects and satisfies a callback, and then immediately validates.
-        void expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+        void expectAvailableThenValidatedCallbacks(MockNetworkAgent agent) throws Exception {
             expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(agent);
             expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, agent);
         }
 
-        NetworkCapabilities expectCapabilitiesWith(int capability, MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+        NetworkCapabilities expectCapabilitiesWith(int capability, MockNetworkAgent agent)
+                throws Exception {
             return expectCapabilitiesWith(capability, agent, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
         NetworkCapabilities expectCapabilitiesWith(int capability, MockNetworkAgent agent,
-                int timeoutMs) {
+                int timeoutMs) throws Exception {
             CallbackInfo cbi = expectCallback(CallbackState.NETWORK_CAPABILITIES, agent, timeoutMs);
             NetworkCapabilities nc = (NetworkCapabilities) cbi.arg;
             assertTrue(nc.hasCapability(capability));
             return nc;
         }
 
-        NetworkCapabilities expectCapabilitiesWithout(int capability, MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+        NetworkCapabilities expectCapabilitiesWithout(int capability, MockNetworkAgent agent)
+                throws Exception {
             return expectCapabilitiesWithout(capability, agent, TEST_CALLBACK_TIMEOUT_MS);
         }
 
         NetworkCapabilities expectCapabilitiesWithout(int capability, MockNetworkAgent agent,
-                int timeoutMs) {
+                int timeoutMs) throws Exception {
             CallbackInfo cbi = expectCallback(CallbackState.NETWORK_CAPABILITIES, agent, timeoutMs);
             NetworkCapabilities nc = (NetworkCapabilities) cbi.arg;
             assertFalse(nc.hasCapability(capability));
             return nc;
         }
 
-        void expectCapabilitiesLike(Predicate<NetworkCapabilities> fn, MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+        void expectCapabilitiesLike(Predicate<NetworkCapabilities> fn, MockNetworkAgent agent)
+                throws Exception {
             CallbackInfo cbi = expectCallback(CallbackState.NETWORK_CAPABILITIES, agent);
             assertTrue("Received capabilities don't match expectations : " + cbi.arg,
                     fn.test((NetworkCapabilities) cbi.arg));
         }
 
-        void expectLinkPropertiesLike(Predicate<LinkProperties> fn, MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+        void expectLinkPropertiesLike(Predicate<LinkProperties> fn, MockNetworkAgent agent)
+                throws Exception {
             CallbackInfo cbi = expectCallback(CallbackState.LINK_PROPERTIES, agent);
             assertTrue("Received LinkProperties don't match expectations : " + cbi.arg,
                     fn.test((LinkProperties) cbi.arg));
         }
 
-        void expectBlockedStatusCallback(boolean expectBlocked, MockNetworkAgent agent) {
+        void expectBlockedStatusCallback(boolean expectBlocked, MockNetworkAgent agent)
+                throws Exception {
             CallbackInfo cbi = expectCallback(CallbackState.BLOCKED_STATUS, agent);
             boolean actualBlocked = (boolean) cbi.arg;
             assertEquals(expectBlocked, actualBlocked);
@@ -2070,7 +2067,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testMultipleLingering() {
+    public void testMultipleLingering() throws Exception {
         // This test would be flaky with the default 120ms timer: that is short enough that
         // lingered networks are torn down before assertions can be run. We don't want to mock the
         // lingering timer to keep the WakeupMessage logic realistic: this has already proven useful
@@ -2325,7 +2322,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testNetworkGoesIntoBackgroundAfterLinger() {
+    public void testNetworkGoesIntoBackgroundAfterLinger() throws Exception {
         setAlwaysOnNetworks(true);
         NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .clearCapabilities()
@@ -2370,7 +2367,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testExplicitlySelected() {
+    public void testExplicitlySelected() throws Exception {
         NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .clearCapabilities().addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
                 .build();
@@ -2651,7 +2648,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testPartialConnectivity() {
+    public void testPartialConnectivity() throws Exception {
         // Register network callback.
         NetworkRequest request = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .clearCapabilities().addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
@@ -2684,11 +2681,7 @@
         // If user accepts partial connectivity network,
         // NetworkMonitor#setAcceptPartialConnectivity() should be called too.
         waitForIdle();
-        try {
-            verify(mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor, times(1)).setAcceptPartialConnectivity();
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {
-            fail(e.getMessage());
-        }
+        verify(mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor, times(1)).setAcceptPartialConnectivity();
         // Need a trigger point to let NetworkMonitor tell ConnectivityService that network is
         // validated.
         mCm.reportNetworkConnectivity(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork(), true);
@@ -2725,11 +2718,7 @@
         // NetworkMonitor#setAcceptPartialConnectivity() will be called in
         // ConnectivityService#updateNetworkInfo().
         waitForIdle();
-        try {
-            verify(mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor, times(1)).setAcceptPartialConnectivity();
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {
-            fail(e.getMessage());
-        }
+        verify(mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor, times(1)).setAcceptPartialConnectivity();
         callback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOSING, mCellNetworkAgent);
         nc = callback.expectCapabilitiesWith(NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
@@ -2753,11 +2742,7 @@
         // NetworkMonitor#setAcceptPartialConnectivity() will be called in
         // ConnectivityService#updateNetworkInfo().
         waitForIdle();
-        try {
-            verify(mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor, times(1)).setAcceptPartialConnectivity();
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {
-            fail(e.getMessage());
-        }
+        verify(mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor, times(1)).setAcceptPartialConnectivity();
         callback.expectAvailableCallbacksUnvalidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         callback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOSING, mCellNetworkAgent);
         // TODO: If the user accepted partial connectivity, we shouldn't switch to wifi until
@@ -2774,7 +2759,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testCaptivePortalOnPartialConnectivity() throws RemoteException {
+    public void testCaptivePortalOnPartialConnectivity() throws Exception {
         final TestNetworkCallback captivePortalCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         final NetworkRequest captivePortalRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL).build();
@@ -2823,7 +2808,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testCaptivePortal() {
+    public void testCaptivePortal() throws Exception {
         final TestNetworkCallback captivePortalCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         final NetworkRequest captivePortalRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL).build();
@@ -2863,6 +2848,9 @@
 
         // Expect NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED onAvailable callback.
         validatedCallback.expectAvailableDoubleValidatedCallbacks(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        // Expect no notification to be shown when captive portal disappears by itself
+        verify(mNotificationManager, never()).notifyAsUser(
+                anyString(), eq(NotificationType.LOGGED_IN.eventId), any(), any());
 
         // Break network connectivity.
         // Expect NET_CAPABILITY_VALIDATED onLost callback.
@@ -2872,7 +2860,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testCaptivePortalApp() throws RemoteException {
+    public void testCaptivePortalApp() throws Exception {
         final TestNetworkCallback captivePortalCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         final NetworkRequest captivePortalRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL).build();
@@ -2892,6 +2880,8 @@
         // Check that calling startCaptivePortalApp does nothing.
         final int fastTimeoutMs = 100;
         mCm.startCaptivePortalApp(wifiNetwork);
+        waitForIdle();
+        verify(mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor, never()).launchCaptivePortalApp();
         mServiceContext.expectNoStartActivityIntent(fastTimeoutMs);
 
         // Turn into a captive portal.
@@ -2902,21 +2892,33 @@
 
         // Check that startCaptivePortalApp sends the expected command to NetworkMonitor.
         mCm.startCaptivePortalApp(wifiNetwork);
-        verify(mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor, timeout(TIMEOUT_MS).times(1))
-                .launchCaptivePortalApp();
+        waitForIdle();
+        verify(mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor).launchCaptivePortalApp();
+
+        // NetworkMonitor uses startCaptivePortal(Network, Bundle) (startCaptivePortalAppInternal)
+        final Bundle testBundle = new Bundle();
+        final String testKey = "testkey";
+        final String testValue = "testvalue";
+        testBundle.putString(testKey, testValue);
+        mCm.startCaptivePortalApp(wifiNetwork, testBundle);
+        final Intent signInIntent = mServiceContext.expectStartActivityIntent(TIMEOUT_MS);
+        assertEquals(ACTION_CAPTIVE_PORTAL_SIGN_IN, signInIntent.getAction());
+        assertEquals(testValue, signInIntent.getStringExtra(testKey));
 
         // Report that the captive portal is dismissed, and check that callbacks are fired
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.setNetworkValid();
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.mNetworkMonitor.forceReevaluation(Process.myUid());
         validatedCallback.expectAvailableCallbacksValidated(mWiFiNetworkAgent);
         captivePortalCallback.expectCallback(CallbackState.LOST, mWiFiNetworkAgent);
+        verify(mNotificationManager, times(1)).notifyAsUser(anyString(),
+                eq(NotificationType.LOGGED_IN.eventId), any(), eq(UserHandle.ALL));
 
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(validatedCallback);
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(captivePortalCallback);
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testAvoidOrIgnoreCaptivePortals() {
+    public void testAvoidOrIgnoreCaptivePortals() throws Exception {
         final TestNetworkCallback captivePortalCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         final NetworkRequest captivePortalRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_CAPTIVE_PORTAL).build();
@@ -2956,7 +2958,7 @@
      * does work.
      */
     @Test
-    public void testNetworkSpecifier() {
+    public void testNetworkSpecifier() throws Exception {
         // A NetworkSpecifier subclass that matches all networks but must not be visible to apps.
         class ConfidentialMatchAllNetworkSpecifier extends NetworkSpecifier implements
                 Parcelable {
@@ -3096,24 +3098,18 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testInvalidNetworkSpecifier() {
-        try {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> {
             NetworkRequest.Builder builder = new NetworkRequest.Builder();
             builder.setNetworkSpecifier(new MatchAllNetworkSpecifier());
-            fail("NetworkRequest builder with MatchAllNetworkSpecifier");
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
-            // expected
-        }
+        });
 
-        try {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> {
             NetworkCapabilities networkCapabilities = new NetworkCapabilities();
             networkCapabilities.addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
                     .setNetworkSpecifier(new MatchAllNetworkSpecifier());
             mService.requestNetwork(networkCapabilities, null, 0, null,
                     ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI);
-            fail("ConnectivityService requestNetwork with MatchAllNetworkSpecifier");
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
-            // expected
-        }
+        });
 
         class NonParcelableSpecifier extends NetworkSpecifier {
             public boolean satisfiedBy(NetworkSpecifier other) { return false; }
@@ -3122,24 +3118,22 @@
             @Override public int describeContents() { return 0; }
             @Override public void writeToParcel(Parcel p, int flags) {}
         }
-        NetworkRequest.Builder builder;
 
-        builder = new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET);
-        try {
+        final NetworkRequest.Builder builder =
+                new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET);
+        assertThrows(ClassCastException.class, () -> {
             builder.setNetworkSpecifier(new NonParcelableSpecifier());
             Parcel parcelW = Parcel.obtain();
             builder.build().writeToParcel(parcelW, 0);
-            fail("Parceling a non-parcelable specifier did not throw an exception");
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            // expected
-        }
+        });
 
-        builder = new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET);
-        builder.setNetworkSpecifier(new ParcelableSpecifier());
-        NetworkRequest nr = builder.build();
+        final NetworkRequest nr =
+                new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(TRANSPORT_ETHERNET)
+                .setNetworkSpecifier(new ParcelableSpecifier())
+                .build();
         assertNotNull(nr);
 
-        try {
+        assertThrows(BadParcelableException.class, () -> {
             Parcel parcelW = Parcel.obtain();
             nr.writeToParcel(parcelW, 0);
             byte[] bytes = parcelW.marshall();
@@ -3149,14 +3143,11 @@
             parcelR.unmarshall(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
             parcelR.setDataPosition(0);
             NetworkRequest rereadNr = NetworkRequest.CREATOR.createFromParcel(parcelR);
-            fail("Unparceling a non-framework NetworkSpecifier did not throw an exception");
-        } catch (Exception e) {
-            // expected
-        }
+        });
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testNetworkSpecifierUidSpoofSecurityException() {
+    public void testNetworkSpecifierUidSpoofSecurityException() throws Exception {
         class UidAwareNetworkSpecifier extends NetworkSpecifier implements Parcelable {
             @Override
             public boolean satisfiedBy(NetworkSpecifier other) {
@@ -3181,12 +3172,9 @@
         NetworkRequest networkRequest = newWifiRequestBuilder().setNetworkSpecifier(
                 networkSpecifier).build();
         TestNetworkCallback networkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
-        try {
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () -> {
             mCm.requestNetwork(networkRequest, networkCallback);
-            fail("Network request with spoofed UID did not throw a SecurityException");
-        } catch (SecurityException e) {
-            // expected
-        }
+        });
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -3198,36 +3186,20 @@
                 .build();
         // Registering a NetworkCallback with signal strength but w/o NETWORK_SIGNAL_STRENGTH_WAKEUP
         // permission should get SecurityException.
-        try {
-            mCm.registerNetworkCallback(r, new NetworkCallback());
-            fail("Expected SecurityException filing a callback with signal strength");
-        } catch (SecurityException expected) {
-            // expected
-        }
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () ->
+                mCm.registerNetworkCallback(r, new NetworkCallback()));
 
-        try {
-            mCm.registerNetworkCallback(r, PendingIntent.getService(
-                    mServiceContext, 0, new Intent(), 0));
-            fail("Expected SecurityException filing a callback with signal strength");
-        } catch (SecurityException expected) {
-            // expected
-        }
+        assertThrows(SecurityException.class, () ->
+                mCm.registerNetworkCallback(r, PendingIntent.getService(
+                        mServiceContext, 0, new Intent(), 0)));
 
         // Requesting a Network with signal strength should get IllegalArgumentException.
-        try {
-            mCm.requestNetwork(r, new NetworkCallback());
-            fail("Expected IllegalArgumentException filing a request with signal strength");
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
-            // expected
-        }
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () ->
+                mCm.requestNetwork(r, new NetworkCallback()));
 
-        try {
-            mCm.requestNetwork(r, PendingIntent.getService(
-                    mServiceContext, 0, new Intent(), 0));
-            fail("Expected IllegalArgumentException filing a request with signal strength");
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException expected) {
-            // expected
-        }
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () ->
+                mCm.requestNetwork(r, PendingIntent.getService(
+                        mServiceContext, 0, new Intent(), 0)));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -3788,7 +3760,7 @@
      * time-out period expires.
      */
     @Test
-    public void testSatisfiedNetworkRequestDoesNotTriggerOnUnavailable() {
+    public void testSatisfiedNetworkRequestDoesNotTriggerOnUnavailable() throws Exception {
         NetworkRequest nr = new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(
                 NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
         final TestNetworkCallback networkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -3808,7 +3780,7 @@
      * not trigger onUnavailable() once the time-out period expires.
      */
     @Test
-    public void testSatisfiedThenLostNetworkRequestDoesNotTriggerOnUnavailable() {
+    public void testSatisfiedThenLostNetworkRequestDoesNotTriggerOnUnavailable() throws Exception {
         NetworkRequest nr = new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(
                 NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
         final TestNetworkCallback networkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -3831,7 +3803,7 @@
      * (somehow) satisfied - the callback isn't called later.
      */
     @Test
-    public void testTimedoutNetworkRequest() {
+    public void testTimedoutNetworkRequest() throws Exception {
         NetworkRequest nr = new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(
                 NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
         final TestNetworkCallback networkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -3852,7 +3824,7 @@
      * trigger the callback.
      */
     @Test
-    public void testNoCallbackAfterUnregisteredNetworkRequest() {
+    public void testNoCallbackAfterUnregisteredNetworkRequest() throws Exception {
         NetworkRequest nr = new NetworkRequest.Builder().addTransportType(
                 NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
         final TestNetworkCallback networkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -3944,7 +3916,7 @@
 
     private static class TestKeepaliveCallback extends PacketKeepaliveCallback {
 
-        public static enum CallbackType { ON_STARTED, ON_STOPPED, ON_ERROR };
+        public enum CallbackType { ON_STARTED, ON_STOPPED, ON_ERROR }
 
         private class CallbackValue {
             public CallbackType callbackType;
@@ -3992,25 +3964,19 @@
             mCallbacks.add(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_ERROR, error));
         }
 
-        private void expectCallback(CallbackValue callbackValue) {
-            try {
-                assertEquals(
-                        callbackValue,
-                        mCallbacks.poll(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
-            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-                fail(callbackValue.callbackType + " callback not seen after " + TIMEOUT_MS + " ms");
-            }
+        private void expectCallback(CallbackValue callbackValue) throws InterruptedException {
+            assertEquals(callbackValue, mCallbacks.poll(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
         }
 
-        public void expectStarted() {
+        public void expectStarted() throws Exception {
             expectCallback(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_STARTED));
         }
 
-        public void expectStopped() {
+        public void expectStopped() throws Exception {
             expectCallback(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_STOPPED));
         }
 
-        public void expectError(int error) {
+        public void expectError(int error) throws Exception {
             expectCallback(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_ERROR, error));
         }
     }
@@ -4071,25 +4037,20 @@
             mCallbacks.add(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_ERROR, error));
         }
 
-        private void expectCallback(CallbackValue callbackValue) {
-            try {
-                assertEquals(
-                        callbackValue,
-                        mCallbacks.poll(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
-            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
-                fail(callbackValue.callbackType + " callback not seen after " + TIMEOUT_MS + " ms");
-            }
+        private void expectCallback(CallbackValue callbackValue) throws InterruptedException {
+            assertEquals(callbackValue, mCallbacks.poll(TIMEOUT_MS, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS));
+
         }
 
-        public void expectStarted() {
+        public void expectStarted() throws InterruptedException {
             expectCallback(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_STARTED));
         }
 
-        public void expectStopped() {
+        public void expectStopped() throws InterruptedException {
             expectCallback(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_STOPPED));
         }
 
-        public void expectError(int error) {
+        public void expectError(int error) throws InterruptedException {
             expectCallback(new CallbackValue(CallbackType.ON_ERROR, error));
         }
 
@@ -4100,7 +4061,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    private Network connectKeepaliveNetwork(LinkProperties lp) {
+    private Network connectKeepaliveNetwork(LinkProperties lp) throws Exception {
         // Ensure the network is disconnected before we do anything.
         if (mWiFiNetworkAgent != null) {
             assertNull(mCm.getNetworkCapabilities(mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork()));
@@ -4234,7 +4195,8 @@
     }
 
     // Helper method to prepare the executor and run test
-    private void runTestWithSerialExecutors(ThrowingConsumer<Executor> functor) throws Exception {
+    private void runTestWithSerialExecutors(ExceptionUtils.ThrowingConsumer<Executor> functor)
+            throws Exception {
         final ExecutorService executorSingleThread = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
         final Executor executorInline = (Runnable r) -> r.run();
         functor.accept(executorSingleThread);
@@ -4552,7 +4514,7 @@
     private static boolean isUdpPortInUse(int port) {
         try (DatagramSocket ignored = new DatagramSocket(port)) {
             return false;
-        } catch (IOException ignored) {
+        } catch (IOException alreadyInUse) {
             return true;
         }
     }
@@ -4564,23 +4526,19 @@
     }
 
     private static class TestNetworkPinner extends NetworkPinner {
-        public static boolean awaitPin(int timeoutMs) {
+        public static boolean awaitPin(int timeoutMs) throws InterruptedException {
             synchronized(sLock) {
                 if (sNetwork == null) {
-                    try {
-                        sLock.wait(timeoutMs);
-                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {}
+                    sLock.wait(timeoutMs);
                 }
                 return sNetwork != null;
             }
         }
 
-        public static boolean awaitUnpin(int timeoutMs) {
+        public static boolean awaitUnpin(int timeoutMs) throws InterruptedException {
             synchronized(sLock) {
                 if (sNetwork != null) {
-                    try {
-                        sLock.wait(timeoutMs);
-                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {}
+                    sLock.wait(timeoutMs);
                 }
                 return sNetwork == null;
             }
@@ -4603,7 +4561,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testNetworkPinner() {
+    public void testNetworkPinner() throws Exception {
         NetworkRequest wifiRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI)
                 .build();
@@ -4698,25 +4656,20 @@
         }
 
         // Test that the limit is enforced when MAX_REQUESTS simultaneous requests are added.
-        try {
-            mCm.requestNetwork(networkRequest, new NetworkCallback());
-            fail("Registering " + MAX_REQUESTS + " network requests did not throw exception");
-        } catch (TooManyRequestsException expected) {}
-        try {
-            mCm.registerNetworkCallback(networkRequest, new NetworkCallback());
-            fail("Registering " + MAX_REQUESTS + " network callbacks did not throw exception");
-        } catch (TooManyRequestsException expected) {}
-        try {
-            mCm.requestNetwork(networkRequest,
-                PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0, new Intent("c"), 0));
-            fail("Registering " + MAX_REQUESTS + " PendingIntent requests did not throw exception");
-        } catch (TooManyRequestsException expected) {}
-        try {
-            mCm.registerNetworkCallback(networkRequest,
-                PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0, new Intent("d"), 0));
-            fail("Registering " + MAX_REQUESTS
-                    + " PendingIntent callbacks did not throw exception");
-        } catch (TooManyRequestsException expected) {}
+        assertThrows(TooManyRequestsException.class, () ->
+                mCm.requestNetwork(networkRequest, new NetworkCallback())
+        );
+        assertThrows(TooManyRequestsException.class, () ->
+                mCm.registerNetworkCallback(networkRequest, new NetworkCallback())
+        );
+        assertThrows(TooManyRequestsException.class, () ->
+                mCm.requestNetwork(networkRequest,
+                        PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0, new Intent("c"), 0))
+        );
+        assertThrows(TooManyRequestsException.class, () ->
+                mCm.registerNetworkCallback(networkRequest,
+                        PendingIntent.getBroadcast(mContext, 0, new Intent("d"), 0))
+        );
 
         for (Object o : registered) {
             if (o instanceof NetworkCallback) {
@@ -4760,7 +4713,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testNetworkInfoOfTypeNone() {
+    public void testNetworkInfoOfTypeNone() throws Exception {
         ConditionVariable broadcastCV = waitForConnectivityBroadcasts(1);
 
         verifyNoNetwork();
@@ -4821,7 +4774,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testLinkPropertiesEnsuresDirectlyConnectedRoutes() {
+    public void testLinkPropertiesEnsuresDirectlyConnectedRoutes() throws Exception {
         final NetworkRequest networkRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_WIFI).build();
         final TestNetworkCallback networkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -5250,7 +5203,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testVpnNetworkActive() {
+    public void testVpnNetworkActive() throws Exception {
         final int uid = Process.myUid();
 
         final TestNetworkCallback genericNetworkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -5362,7 +5315,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testVpnWithoutInternet() {
+    public void testVpnWithoutInternet() throws Exception {
         final int uid = Process.myUid();
 
         final TestNetworkCallback defaultCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -5392,7 +5345,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testVpnWithInternet() {
+    public void testVpnWithInternet() throws Exception {
         final int uid = Process.myUid();
 
         final TestNetworkCallback defaultCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -5475,7 +5428,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testVpnSetUnderlyingNetworks() {
+    public void testVpnSetUnderlyingNetworks() throws Exception {
         final int uid = Process.myUid();
 
         final TestNetworkCallback vpnNetworkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -5573,7 +5526,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testNullUnderlyingNetworks() {
+    public void testNullUnderlyingNetworks() throws Exception {
         final int uid = Process.myUid();
 
         final TestNetworkCallback vpnNetworkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
@@ -5637,7 +5590,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testIsActiveNetworkMeteredOverWifi() {
+    public void testIsActiveNetworkMeteredOverWifi() throws Exception {
         // Returns true by default when no network is available.
         assertTrue(mCm.isActiveNetworkMetered());
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
@@ -5649,7 +5602,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testIsActiveNetworkMeteredOverCell() {
+    public void testIsActiveNetworkMeteredOverCell() throws Exception {
         // Returns true by default when no network is available.
         assertTrue(mCm.isActiveNetworkMetered());
         mCellNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
@@ -5661,7 +5614,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testIsActiveNetworkMeteredOverVpnTrackingPlatformDefault() {
+    public void testIsActiveNetworkMeteredOverVpnTrackingPlatformDefault() throws Exception {
         // Returns true by default when no network is available.
         assertTrue(mCm.isActiveNetworkMetered());
         mCellNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
@@ -5715,7 +5668,7 @@
     }
 
    @Test
-   public void testIsActiveNetworkMeteredOverVpnSpecifyingUnderlyingNetworks() {
+   public void testIsActiveNetworkMeteredOverVpnSpecifyingUnderlyingNetworks() throws Exception {
         // Returns true by default when no network is available.
         assertTrue(mCm.isActiveNetworkMetered());
         mCellNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
@@ -5786,7 +5739,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testIsActiveNetworkMeteredOverAlwaysMeteredVpn() {
+    public void testIsActiveNetworkMeteredOverAlwaysMeteredVpn() throws Exception {
         // Returns true by default when no network is available.
         assertTrue(mCm.isActiveNetworkMetered());
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
@@ -5833,7 +5786,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testNetworkBlockedStatus() {
+    public void testNetworkBlockedStatus() throws Exception {
         final TestNetworkCallback cellNetworkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         final NetworkRequest cellRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addTransportType(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR)
@@ -5884,7 +5837,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testNetworkBlockedStatusBeforeAndAfterConnect() {
+    public void testNetworkBlockedStatusBeforeAndAfterConnect() throws Exception {
         final TestNetworkCallback defaultCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         mCm.registerDefaultNetworkCallback(defaultCallback);
 
@@ -5953,7 +5906,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testStackedLinkProperties() throws UnknownHostException, RemoteException {
+    public void testStackedLinkProperties() throws Exception {
         final LinkAddress myIpv4 = new LinkAddress("1.2.3.4/24");
         final LinkAddress myIpv6 = new LinkAddress("2001:db8:1::1/64");
         final String kNat64PrefixString = "2001:db8:64:64:64:64::";
@@ -6116,7 +6069,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testDataActivityTracking() throws RemoteException {
+    public void testDataActivityTracking() throws Exception {
         final TestNetworkCallback networkCallback = new TestNetworkCallback();
         final NetworkRequest networkRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
                 .addCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET)
@@ -6191,21 +6144,17 @@
         mCm.unregisterNetworkCallback(networkCallback);
     }
 
-    private void verifyTcpBufferSizeChange(String tcpBufferSizes) {
+    private void verifyTcpBufferSizeChange(String tcpBufferSizes) throws Exception {
         String[] values = tcpBufferSizes.split(",");
         String rmemValues = String.join(" ", values[0], values[1], values[2]);
         String wmemValues = String.join(" ", values[3], values[4], values[5]);
         waitForIdle();
-        try {
-            verify(mMockNetd, atLeastOnce()).setTcpRWmemorySize(rmemValues, wmemValues);
-        } catch (RemoteException e) {
-            fail("mMockNetd should never throw RemoteException");
-        }
+        verify(mMockNetd, atLeastOnce()).setTcpRWmemorySize(rmemValues, wmemValues);
         reset(mMockNetd);
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testTcpBufferReset() {
+    public void testTcpBufferReset() throws Exception {
         final String testTcpBufferSizes = "1,2,3,4,5,6";
 
         mCellNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_CELLULAR);
@@ -6222,7 +6171,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testGetGlobalProxyForNetwork() {
+    public void testGetGlobalProxyForNetwork() throws Exception {
         final ProxyInfo testProxyInfo = ProxyInfo.buildDirectProxy("test", 8888);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         final Network wifiNetwork = mWiFiNetworkAgent.getNetwork();
@@ -6231,7 +6180,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testGetProxyForActiveNetwork() {
+    public void testGetProxyForActiveNetwork() throws Exception {
         final ProxyInfo testProxyInfo = ProxyInfo.buildDirectProxy("test", 8888);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_WIFI);
         mWiFiNetworkAgent.connect(true);
@@ -6248,7 +6197,7 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testGetProxyForVPN() {
+    public void testGetProxyForVPN() throws Exception {
         final ProxyInfo testProxyInfo = ProxyInfo.buildDirectProxy("test", 8888);
 
         // Set up a WiFi network with no proxy
@@ -6434,7 +6383,7 @@
 
 
     private MockNetworkAgent establishVpn(LinkProperties lp, int establishingUid,
-            Set<UidRange> vpnRange) {
+            Set<UidRange> vpnRange) throws Exception {
         final MockNetworkAgent vpnNetworkAgent = new MockNetworkAgent(TRANSPORT_VPN, lp);
         vpnNetworkAgent.getNetworkCapabilities().setEstablishingVpnAppUid(establishingUid);
         mMockVpn.setNetworkAgent(vpnNetworkAgent);