diff --git a/TEST_MAPPING b/TEST_MAPPING
index c1bc31e..1d2041b 100644
--- a/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -427,6 +427,9 @@
   "automotive-mumd-presubmit": [
     {
       "name": "CtsNetTestCases"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "CtsNetTestCasesUpdateStatsPermission"
     }
   ],
   "imports": [
diff --git a/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheringManager.java b/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheringManager.java
index 25bfb45..824727e 100644
--- a/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheringManager.java
+++ b/Tethering/common/TetheringLib/src/android/net/TetheringManager.java
@@ -388,7 +388,9 @@
         // up and be sent from a worker thread; later, they are always sent from the caller thread.
         // Considering that it's just oneway binder calls, and ordering is preserved, this seems
         // better than inconsistent behavior persisting after boot.
-        if (connector != null) {
+        // If system server restarted, mConnectorSupplier might temporarily return a stale (i.e.
+        // dead) version of TetheringService.
+        if (connector != null && connector.isBinderAlive()) {
             mConnector = ITetheringConnector.Stub.asInterface(connector);
         } else {
             startPollingForConnector();
@@ -423,9 +425,8 @@
                 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                     // Not much to do here, the system needs to wait for the connector
                 }
-
                 final IBinder connector = mConnectorSupplier.get();
-                if (connector != null) {
+                if (connector != null && connector.isBinderAlive()) {
                     onTetheringConnected(ITetheringConnector.Stub.asInterface(connector));
                     return;
                 }
@@ -1187,6 +1188,17 @@
         public boolean equals(Object obj) {
             if (this == obj) return true;
             if (!(obj instanceof TetheringRequest otherRequest)) return false;
+            if (!equalsIgnoreUidPackage(otherRequest)) return false;
+            TetheringRequestParcel parcel = getParcel();
+            TetheringRequestParcel otherParcel = otherRequest.getParcel();
+            return parcel.uid == otherParcel.uid
+                    && Objects.equals(parcel.packageName, otherParcel.packageName);
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * @hide
+         */
+        public boolean equalsIgnoreUidPackage(TetheringRequest otherRequest) {
             TetheringRequestParcel parcel = getParcel();
             TetheringRequestParcel otherParcel = otherRequest.getParcel();
             return parcel.tetheringType == otherParcel.tetheringType
@@ -1196,8 +1208,6 @@
                     && parcel.showProvisioningUi == otherParcel.showProvisioningUi
                     && parcel.connectivityScope == otherParcel.connectivityScope
                     && Objects.equals(parcel.softApConfig, otherParcel.softApConfig)
-                    && parcel.uid == otherParcel.uid
-                    && Objects.equals(parcel.packageName, otherParcel.packageName)
                     && Objects.equals(parcel.interfaceName, otherParcel.interfaceName);
         }
 
diff --git a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
index d6f4572..fa6ce95 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/android/net/ip/IpServer.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package android.net.ip;
 
+import static android.net.INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID;
 import static android.net.RouteInfo.RTN_UNICAST;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.CONNECTIVITY_SCOPE_GLOBAL;
 import static android.net.TetheringManager.CONNECTIVITY_SCOPE_LOCAL;
@@ -906,7 +907,7 @@
             ArraySet<IpPrefix> deprecatedPrefixes, ArraySet<IpPrefix> newPrefixes) {
         // [1] Remove the routes that are deprecated.
         if (!deprecatedPrefixes.isEmpty()) {
-            removeRoutesFromNetworkAndLinkProperties(INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID,
+            removeRoutesFromNetworkAndLinkProperties(LOCAL_NET_ID,
                     getLocalRoutesFor(mIfaceName, deprecatedPrefixes));
         }
 
@@ -918,7 +919,7 @@
             }
 
             if (!addedPrefixes.isEmpty()) {
-                addRoutesToNetworkAndLinkProperties(INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID,
+                addRoutesToNetworkAndLinkProperties(LOCAL_NET_ID,
                         getLocalRoutesFor(mIfaceName, addedPrefixes));
             }
         }
@@ -1123,7 +1124,7 @@
             }
 
             try {
-                NetdUtils.tetherInterface(mNetd, INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID, mIfaceName,
+                NetdUtils.tetherInterface(mNetd, LOCAL_NET_ID, mIfaceName,
                         asIpPrefix(mIpv4Address));
             } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException | IllegalStateException e) {
                 mLog.e("Error Tethering", e);
@@ -1146,7 +1147,7 @@
             stopIPv6();
 
             try {
-                NetdUtils.untetherInterface(mNetd, mIfaceName);
+                NetdUtils.untetherInterface(mNetd, LOCAL_NET_ID, mIfaceName);
             } catch (RemoteException | ServiceSpecificException e) {
                 mLastError = TETHER_ERROR_UNTETHER_IFACE_ERROR;
                 mLog.e("Failed to untether interface: " + e);
@@ -1224,12 +1225,12 @@
             }
 
             // Remove deprecated routes from downstream network.
-            removeRoutesFromNetworkAndLinkProperties(INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID,
+            removeRoutesFromNetworkAndLinkProperties(LOCAL_NET_ID,
                     List.of(getDirectConnectedRoute(deprecatedLinkAddress)));
             mLinkProperties.removeLinkAddress(deprecatedLinkAddress);
 
             // Add new routes to downstream network.
-            addRoutesToNetworkAndLinkProperties(INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID,
+            addRoutesToNetworkAndLinkProperties(LOCAL_NET_ID,
                     List.of(getDirectConnectedRoute(mIpv4Address)));
             mLinkProperties.addLinkAddress(mIpv4Address);
 
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java
index 254b60f..70934af 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/Tethering.java
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@
             final TetheringRequest unfinishedRequest = mActiveTetheringRequests.get(type);
             // If tethering is already enabled with a different request,
             // disable before re-enabling.
-            if (unfinishedRequest != null && !unfinishedRequest.equals(request)) {
+            if (unfinishedRequest != null && !unfinishedRequest.equalsIgnoreUidPackage(request)) {
                 enableTetheringInternal(type, false /* disabled */,
                         unfinishedRequest.getInterfaceName(), null);
                 mEntitlementMgr.stopProvisioningIfNeeded(type);
@@ -2089,7 +2089,7 @@
                 }
 
                 mRoutingCoordinator.maybeRemoveDeprecatedUpstreams();
-                mUpstreamNetworkMonitor.startObserveAllNetworks();
+                mUpstreamNetworkMonitor.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
 
                 // TODO: De-duplicate with updateUpstreamWanted() below.
                 if (upstreamWanted()) {
diff --git a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java
index 7a05d74..9705d84 100644
--- a/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java
+++ b/Tethering/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitor.java
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 import static android.net.ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_DUN;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_RESTRICTED;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_NOT_VPN;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@
 import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 
 import com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting;
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
 import com.android.net.module.util.SharedLog;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.ConnectivityManagerShimImpl;
 import com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.ConnectivityManagerShim;
@@ -62,9 +64,10 @@
  * The owner of UNM gets it to register network callbacks by calling the
  * following methods :
  * Calling #startTrackDefaultNetwork() to track the system default network.
- * Calling #startObserveAllNetworks() to observe all networks. Listening all
- * networks is necessary while the expression of preferred upstreams remains
- * a list of legacy connectivity types.  In future, this can be revisited.
+ * Calling #startObserveUpstreamNetworks() to observe upstream networks.
+ * Listening all upstream networks is necessary while the expression of
+ * preferred upstreams remains a list of legacy connectivity types.
+ * In future, this can be revisited.
  * Calling #setTryCell() to request bringing up mobile DUN or HIPRI.
  *
  * The methods and data members of this class are only to be accessed and
@@ -94,7 +97,7 @@
     @VisibleForTesting
     public static final int TYPE_NONE = -1;
 
-    private static final int CALLBACK_LISTEN_ALL = 1;
+    private static final int CALLBACK_LISTEN_UPSTREAM = 1;
     private static final int CALLBACK_DEFAULT_INTERNET = 2;
     private static final int CALLBACK_MOBILE_REQUEST = 3;
 
@@ -116,7 +119,7 @@
     private HashSet<IpPrefix> mLocalPrefixes;
     private ConnectivityManager mCM;
     private EntitlementManager mEntitlementMgr;
-    private NetworkCallback mListenAllCallback;
+    private NetworkCallback mListenUpstreamCallback;
     private NetworkCallback mDefaultNetworkCallback;
     private NetworkCallback mMobileNetworkCallback;
 
@@ -157,20 +160,29 @@
         }
         ConnectivityManagerShim mCmShim = ConnectivityManagerShimImpl.newInstance(mContext);
         mDefaultNetworkCallback = new UpstreamNetworkCallback(CALLBACK_DEFAULT_INTERNET);
+        // TODO (b/382413665): By definition, a local network cannot be the system default,
+        //  because it does not provide internet capability. Figure out whether this
+        //  is enforced in ConnectivityService. Or what will happen for tethering if it happens.
         mCmShim.registerSystemDefaultNetworkCallback(mDefaultNetworkCallback, mHandler);
         if (mEntitlementMgr == null) {
             mEntitlementMgr = entitle;
         }
     }
 
-    /** Listen all networks. */
-    public void startObserveAllNetworks() {
+    /** Listen upstream networks. */
+    public void startObserveUpstreamNetworks() {
         stop();
 
-        final NetworkRequest listenAllRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder()
-                .clearCapabilities().build();
-        mListenAllCallback = new UpstreamNetworkCallback(CALLBACK_LISTEN_ALL);
-        cm().registerNetworkCallback(listenAllRequest, mListenAllCallback, mHandler);
+        final NetworkRequest listenUpstreamRequest;
+        // Before V, only TV supports local agent on U, which doesn't support tethering.
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastV()) {
+            listenUpstreamRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder().clearCapabilities()
+                    .addForbiddenCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK).build();
+        }  else {
+            listenUpstreamRequest = new NetworkRequest.Builder().clearCapabilities().build();
+        }
+        mListenUpstreamCallback = new UpstreamNetworkCallback(CALLBACK_LISTEN_UPSTREAM);
+        cm().registerNetworkCallback(listenUpstreamRequest, mListenUpstreamCallback, mHandler);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -183,8 +195,8 @@
     public void stop() {
         setTryCell(false);
 
-        releaseCallback(mListenAllCallback);
-        mListenAllCallback = null;
+        releaseCallback(mListenUpstreamCallback);
+        mListenUpstreamCallback = null;
 
         mNetworkMap.clear();
     }
@@ -535,10 +547,10 @@
                 return;
             }
 
-            // Any non-LISTEN_ALL callback will necessarily concern a network that will
-            // also match the LISTEN_ALL callback by construction of the LISTEN_ALL callback.
-            // So it's not useful to do this work for non-LISTEN_ALL callbacks.
-            if (mCallbackType == CALLBACK_LISTEN_ALL) {
+            // Any non-LISTEN_UPSTREAM callback will necessarily concern a network that will
+            // also match the LISTEN_UPSTREAM callback by construction of the LISTEN_UPSTREAM
+            // callback. So it's not useful to do this work for non-LISTEN_UPSTREAM callbacks.
+            if (mCallbackType == CALLBACK_LISTEN_UPSTREAM) {
                 recomputeLocalPrefixes();
             }
         }
@@ -555,10 +567,11 @@
             }
 
             handleLost(network);
-            // Any non-LISTEN_ALL callback will necessarily concern a network that will
-            // also match the LISTEN_ALL callback by construction of the LISTEN_ALL callback.
-            // So it's not useful to do this work for non-LISTEN_ALL callbacks.
-            if (mCallbackType == CALLBACK_LISTEN_ALL) {
+            // Any non-LISTEN_UPSTREAM callback will necessarily concern a network that will
+            // also match the LISTEN_UPSTREAM callback by construction of the
+            // LISTEN_UPSTREAM callback. So it's not useful to do this work for
+            // non-LISTEN_UPSTREAM callbacks.
+            if (mCallbackType == CALLBACK_LISTEN_UPSTREAM) {
                 recomputeLocalPrefixes();
             }
         }
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TestConnectivityManager.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TestConnectivityManager.java
index b2cbf75..51ba140 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TestConnectivityManager.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TestConnectivityManager.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_DUN;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_INTERNET;
+import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK;
 import static android.net.NetworkCapabilities.TRANSPORT_CELLULAR;
 
 import static com.android.networkstack.apishim.common.ShimUtils.isAtLeastS;
@@ -41,6 +42,8 @@
 import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
 import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
 
+import com.android.modules.utils.build.SdkLevel;
+
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Objects;
 
@@ -119,12 +122,15 @@
                 && mLegacyTypeMap.isEmpty();
     }
 
-    boolean isListeningForAll() {
-        final NetworkCapabilities empty = new NetworkCapabilities();
-        empty.clearAll();
+    boolean isListeningForUpstream() {
+        final NetworkCapabilities upstreamNc = new NetworkCapabilities();
+        upstreamNc.clearAll();
+        if (SdkLevel.isAtLeastV()) {
+            upstreamNc.addForbiddenCapability(NET_CAPABILITY_LOCAL_NETWORK);
+        }
 
         for (NetworkRequestInfo nri : mListening.values()) {
-            if (nri.request.networkCapabilities.equalRequestableCapabilities(empty)) {
+            if (nri.request.networkCapabilities.equalRequestableCapabilities(upstreamNc)) {
                 return true;
             }
         }
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java
index 0c6a95d..97758cf 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/TetheringTest.java
@@ -267,8 +267,9 @@
     private static final String TEST_P2P_REGEX = "test_p2p-p2p\\d-.*";
     private static final String TEST_BT_REGEX = "test_pan\\d";
     private static final int TEST_CALLER_UID = 1000;
+    private static final int TEST_CALLER_UID_2 = 2000;
     private static final String TEST_CALLER_PKG = "com.test.tethering";
-
+    private static final String TEST_CALLER_PKG_2 = "com.test.tethering2";
     private static final int CELLULAR_NETID = 100;
     private static final int WIFI_NETID = 101;
     private static final int DUN_NETID = 102;
@@ -785,7 +786,10 @@
         if (interfaceName != null) {
             builder.setInterfaceName(interfaceName);
         }
-        return builder.build();
+        TetheringRequest request = builder.build();
+        request.setUid(TEST_CALLER_UID);
+        request.setPackageName(TEST_CALLER_PKG);
+        return request;
     }
 
     @NonNull
@@ -1032,7 +1036,7 @@
         verify(mWifiManager).updateInterfaceIpState(TEST_WLAN_IFNAME, expectedState);
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mWifiManager);
 
-        verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor).startObserveAllNetworks();
+        verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor).startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         if (isLocalOnly) {
             // There are 2 IpServer state change events: STATE_AVAILABLE -> STATE_LOCAL_ONLY.
             verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(2)).onDownstreamChanged(DOWNSTREAM_NONE);
@@ -1260,7 +1264,7 @@
         // Start USB tethering with no current upstream.
         prepareUsbTethering();
         sendUsbBroadcast(true, true, TETHER_USB_RNDIS_FUNCTION);
-        inOrder.verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor).startObserveAllNetworks();
+        inOrder.verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor).startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         inOrder.verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor).setTryCell(true);
 
         // Pretend cellular connected and expect the upstream to be set.
@@ -1859,7 +1863,7 @@
         // Start USB tethering with no current upstream.
         prepareUsbTethering();
         sendUsbBroadcast(true, true, TETHER_USB_RNDIS_FUNCTION);
-        inOrder.verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor).startObserveAllNetworks();
+        inOrder.verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor).startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         inOrder.verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor).setTryCell(true);
         ArgumentCaptor<NetworkCallback> captor = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(NetworkCallback.class);
         inOrder.verify(mCm).requestNetwork(any(), eq(0), eq(TYPE_MOBILE_DUN), any(),
@@ -2587,7 +2591,7 @@
         verify(mNetd, times(1)).tetherStartWithConfiguration(any());
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd);
         verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_P2P_IFNAME, EXTRA_ACTIVE_LOCAL_ONLY);
-        verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor, times(1)).startObserveAllNetworks();
+        verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor, times(1)).startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         // There are 2 IpServer state change events: STATE_AVAILABLE -> STATE_LOCAL_ONLY
         verify(mNotificationUpdater, times(2)).onDownstreamChanged(DOWNSTREAM_NONE);
 
@@ -2786,6 +2790,17 @@
         verify(mUsbManager, never()).setCurrentFunctions(UsbManager.FUNCTION_NONE);
         reset(mUsbManager);
 
+        // Enable USB tethering again with the same request but different uid/package and expect no
+        // change to USB.
+        TetheringRequest differentUidPackage = createTetheringRequest(TETHERING_USB);
+        differentUidPackage.setUid(TEST_CALLER_UID_2);
+        differentUidPackage.setPackageName(TEST_CALLER_PKG_2);
+        mTethering.startTethering(differentUidPackage, TEST_CALLER_PKG_2, secondResult);
+        mLooper.dispatchAll();
+        secondResult.assertHasResult();
+        verify(mUsbManager, never()).setCurrentFunctions(UsbManager.FUNCTION_NONE);
+        reset(mUsbManager);
+
         // Enable USB tethering with a different request and expect that USB is stopped and
         // started.
         mTethering.startTethering(createTetheringRequest(TETHERING_USB,
@@ -3757,7 +3772,7 @@
         verifyInterfaceServingModeStarted(TEST_P2P_IFNAME);
         verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_P2P_IFNAME, EXTRA_AVAILABLE_TETHER);
         verifyTetheringBroadcast(TEST_P2P_IFNAME, EXTRA_ACTIVE_LOCAL_ONLY);
-        verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor).startObserveAllNetworks();
+        verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor).startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         // Verify never enable upstream if only P2P active.
         verify(mUpstreamNetworkMonitor, never()).setTryCell(true);
         assertEquals(TETHER_ERROR_NO_ERROR, mTethering.getLastErrorForTest(TEST_P2P_IFNAME));
diff --git a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest.java b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest.java
index 90fd709..f192492 100644
--- a/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest.java
+++ b/Tethering/tests/unit/src/com/android/networkstack/tethering/UpstreamNetworkMonitorTest.java
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyInt;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.anyString;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.inOrder;
-import static org.mockito.Mockito.reset;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.times;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verify;
@@ -141,7 +140,7 @@
         assertTrue(mCM.hasNoCallbacks());
         mUNM.startTrackDefaultNetwork(mEntitleMgr);
 
-        mUNM.startObserveAllNetworks();
+        mUNM.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         assertEquals(1, mCM.mTrackingDefault.size());
 
         mUNM.stop();
@@ -149,13 +148,13 @@
     }
 
     @Test
-    public void testListensForAllNetworks() throws Exception {
+    public void testListensForUpstreamNetworks() throws Exception {
         assertTrue(mCM.mListening.isEmpty());
 
         mUNM.startTrackDefaultNetwork(mEntitleMgr);
-        mUNM.startObserveAllNetworks();
+        mUNM.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         assertFalse(mCM.mListening.isEmpty());
-        assertTrue(mCM.isListeningForAll());
+        assertTrue(mCM.isListeningForUpstream());
 
         mUNM.stop();
         assertTrue(mCM.onlyHasDefaultCallbacks());
@@ -179,7 +178,7 @@
             assertTrue(TestConnectivityManager.looksLikeDefaultRequest(requestCaptor.getValue()));
         }
 
-        mUNM.startObserveAllNetworks();
+        mUNM.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         verify(mCM, times(1)).registerNetworkCallback(
                 any(NetworkRequest.class), any(NetworkCallback.class), any(Handler.class));
 
@@ -192,7 +191,7 @@
         assertFalse(mUNM.mobileNetworkRequested());
         assertEquals(0, mCM.mRequested.size());
 
-        mUNM.startObserveAllNetworks();
+        mUNM.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         assertFalse(mUNM.mobileNetworkRequested());
         assertEquals(0, mCM.mRequested.size());
 
@@ -215,7 +214,7 @@
         assertFalse(mUNM.mobileNetworkRequested());
         assertEquals(0, mCM.mRequested.size());
 
-        mUNM.startObserveAllNetworks();
+        mUNM.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         verify(mCM, times(1)).registerNetworkCallback(
                 any(NetworkRequest.class), any(NetworkCallback.class), any(Handler.class));
         assertFalse(mUNM.mobileNetworkRequested());
@@ -251,7 +250,7 @@
         assertFalse(mUNM.mobileNetworkRequested());
         assertEquals(0, mCM.mRequested.size());
 
-        mUNM.startObserveAllNetworks();
+        mUNM.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         assertFalse(mUNM.mobileNetworkRequested());
         assertEquals(0, mCM.mRequested.size());
 
@@ -271,7 +270,7 @@
 
     @Test
     public void testUpdateMobileRequiresDun() throws Exception {
-        mUNM.startObserveAllNetworks();
+        mUNM.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
 
         // Test going from no-DUN to DUN correctly re-registers callbacks.
         mUNM.setUpstreamConfig(false /* autoUpstream */, false /* dunRequired */);
@@ -301,7 +300,7 @@
         preferredTypes.add(TYPE_WIFI);
 
         mUNM.startTrackDefaultNetwork(mEntitleMgr);
-        mUNM.startObserveAllNetworks();
+        mUNM.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         // There are no networks, so there is nothing to select.
         assertSatisfiesLegacyType(TYPE_NONE, mUNM.selectPreferredUpstreamType(preferredTypes));
 
@@ -374,7 +373,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testGetCurrentPreferredUpstream() throws Exception {
         mUNM.startTrackDefaultNetwork(mEntitleMgr);
-        mUNM.startObserveAllNetworks();
+        mUNM.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         mUNM.setUpstreamConfig(true /* autoUpstream */, false /* dunRequired */);
         mUNM.setTryCell(true);
 
@@ -446,7 +445,7 @@
     @Test
     public void testLocalPrefixes() throws Exception {
         mUNM.startTrackDefaultNetwork(mEntitleMgr);
-        mUNM.startObserveAllNetworks();
+        mUNM.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
 
         // [0] Test minimum set of local prefixes.
         Set<IpPrefix> local = mUNM.getLocalPrefixes();
@@ -558,7 +557,7 @@
         preferredTypes.add(TYPE_MOBILE_HIPRI);
         preferredTypes.add(TYPE_WIFI);
         mUNM.startTrackDefaultNetwork(mEntitleMgr);
-        mUNM.startObserveAllNetworks();
+        mUNM.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         // Setup wifi and make wifi as default network.
         final TestNetworkAgent wifiAgent = new TestNetworkAgent(mCM, WIFI_CAPABILITIES);
         wifiAgent.fakeConnect();
@@ -579,7 +578,7 @@
         final String ipv6Addr1 = "2001:db8:4:fd00:827a:bfff:fe6f:374d/64";
         final String ipv6Addr2 = "2003:aa8:3::123/64";
         mUNM.startTrackDefaultNetwork(mEntitleMgr);
-        mUNM.startObserveAllNetworks();
+        mUNM.startObserveUpstreamNetworks();
         mUNM.setUpstreamConfig(true /* autoUpstream */, false /* dunRequired */);
         mUNM.setTryCell(true);
 
diff --git a/framework/src/android/net/connectivity/ConnectivityCompatChanges.java b/framework/src/android/net/connectivity/ConnectivityCompatChanges.java
index 51df8ab..0536263 100644
--- a/framework/src/android/net/connectivity/ConnectivityCompatChanges.java
+++ b/framework/src/android/net/connectivity/ConnectivityCompatChanges.java
@@ -135,6 +135,17 @@
     @EnabledAfter(targetSdkVersion = Build.VERSION_CODES.UPSIDE_DOWN_CAKE)
     public static final long ENABLE_TRAFFICSTATS_RATE_LIMIT_CACHE = 74210811L;
 
+    /**
+     * Restrict local network access.
+     *
+     * Apps targeting a release after V will require permissions to access the local network.
+     *
+     * @hide
+     */
+    @ChangeId
+    @EnabledSince(targetSdkVersion = Build.VERSION_CODES.CUR_DEVELOPMENT)
+    public static final long RESTRICT_LOCAL_NETWORK = 365139289L;
+
     private ConnectivityCompatChanges() {
     }
 }
diff --git a/networksecurity/service/src/com/android/server/net/ct/CertificateTransparencyService.java b/networksecurity/service/src/com/android/server/net/ct/CertificateTransparencyService.java
index 6151727..782e6b5 100644
--- a/networksecurity/service/src/com/android/server/net/ct/CertificateTransparencyService.java
+++ b/networksecurity/service/src/com/android/server/net/ct/CertificateTransparencyService.java
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
         return DeviceConfig.getBoolean(
                         Config.NAMESPACE_NETWORK_SECURITY,
                         Config.FLAG_SERVICE_ENABLED,
-                        /* defaultValue= */ true)
+                        /* defaultValue= */ false)
                 && certificateTransparencyService()
                 && certificateTransparencyConfiguration();
     }
diff --git a/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetTracker.java b/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetTracker.java
index adfb694..6079413 100644
--- a/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetTracker.java
+++ b/service-t/src/com/android/server/ethernet/EthernetTracker.java
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import static android.net.TestNetworkManager.TEST_TAP_PREFIX;
 
 import static com.android.internal.annotations.VisibleForTesting.Visibility.PACKAGE;
+import static com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkConstants.IFF_UP;
 
 import android.annotation.NonNull;
 import android.annotation.Nullable;
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@
 import com.android.net.module.util.ip.NetlinkMonitor;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkConstants;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkMessage;
+import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.NetlinkUtils;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.RtNetlinkLinkMessage;
 import com.android.net.module.util.netlink.StructIfinfoMsg;
 import com.android.server.connectivity.ConnectivityResources;
@@ -596,14 +598,8 @@
             // Read the flags before attempting to bring up the interface. If the interface is
             // already running an UP event is created after adding the interface.
             config = NetdUtils.getInterfaceConfigParcel(mNetd, iface);
-            // Only bring the interface up when ethernet is enabled.
-            if (mIsEthernetEnabled) {
-                // As a side-effect, NetdUtils#setInterfaceUp() also clears the interface's IPv4
-                // address and readds it which *could* lead to unexpected behavior in the future.
-                NetdUtils.setInterfaceUp(mNetd, iface);
-            } else {
-                NetdUtils.setInterfaceDown(mNetd, iface);
-            }
+            // Only bring the interface up when ethernet is enabled, otherwise set interface down.
+            setInterfaceUpState(iface, mIsEthernetEnabled);
         } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
             // Either the system is crashing or the interface has disappeared. Just ignore the
             // error; we haven't modified any state because we only do that if our calls succeed.
@@ -663,15 +659,7 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        if (up) {
-            // WARNING! setInterfaceUp() clears the IPv4 address and readds it. Calling
-            // enableInterface() on an active interface can lead to a provisioning failure which
-            // will cause IpClient to be restarted.
-            // TODO: use netlink directly rather than calling into netd.
-            NetdUtils.setInterfaceUp(mNetd, iface);
-        } else {
-            NetdUtils.setInterfaceDown(mNetd, iface);
-        }
+        setInterfaceUpState(iface, up);
         cb.onResult(iface);
     }
 
@@ -973,11 +961,7 @@
             }
 
             for (String iface : interfaces) {
-                if (enabled) {
-                    NetdUtils.setInterfaceUp(mNetd, iface);
-                } else {
-                    NetdUtils.setInterfaceDown(mNetd, iface);
-                }
+                setInterfaceUpState(iface, enabled);
             }
             broadcastEthernetStateChange(mIsEthernetEnabled);
         });
@@ -1011,6 +995,12 @@
         mListeners.finishBroadcast();
     }
 
+    private void setInterfaceUpState(@NonNull String interfaceName, boolean up) {
+        if (!NetlinkUtils.setInterfaceFlags(interfaceName, up ? IFF_UP : ~IFF_UP)) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to set interface " + interfaceName + (up ? " up" : " down"));
+        }
+    }
+
     void dump(FileDescriptor fd, IndentingPrintWriter pw, String[] args) {
         postAndWaitForRunnable(() -> {
             pw.println(getClass().getSimpleName());
diff --git a/staticlibs/client-libs/netd/com/android/net/module/util/NetdUtils.java b/staticlibs/client-libs/netd/com/android/net/module/util/NetdUtils.java
index 553a24b..8b2fe58 100644
--- a/staticlibs/client-libs/netd/com/android/net/module/util/NetdUtils.java
+++ b/staticlibs/client-libs/netd/com/android/net/module/util/NetdUtils.java
@@ -161,9 +161,9 @@
         netd.tetherInterfaceAdd(iface);
         networkAddInterface(netd, netId, iface, maxAttempts, pollingIntervalMs);
         // Activate a route to dest and IPv6 link local.
-        modifyRoute(netd, ModifyOperation.ADD, INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID,
+        modifyRoute(netd, ModifyOperation.ADD, netId,
                 new RouteInfo(dest, null, iface, RTN_UNICAST));
-        modifyRoute(netd, ModifyOperation.ADD, INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID,
+        modifyRoute(netd, ModifyOperation.ADD, netId,
                 new RouteInfo(new IpPrefix("fe80::/64"), null, iface, RTN_UNICAST));
     }
 
@@ -194,12 +194,12 @@
     }
 
     /** Reset interface for tethering. */
-    public static void untetherInterface(final INetd netd, String iface)
+    public static void untetherInterface(final INetd netd, int netId, String iface)
             throws RemoteException, ServiceSpecificException {
         try {
             netd.tetherInterfaceRemove(iface);
         } finally {
-            netd.networkRemoveInterface(INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID, iface);
+            netd.networkRemoveInterface(netId, iface);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/staticlibs/client-libs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/NetdUtilsTest.java b/staticlibs/client-libs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/NetdUtilsTest.java
index ab90a50..c2fbb56 100644
--- a/staticlibs/client-libs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/NetdUtilsTest.java
+++ b/staticlibs/client-libs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/NetdUtilsTest.java
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 package com.android.net.module.util;
 
-import static android.net.INetd.LOCAL_NET_ID;
 import static android.system.OsConstants.EBUSY;
 
 import static com.android.testutils.MiscAsserts.assertThrows;
@@ -63,6 +62,7 @@
 
     private static final String IFACE = "TEST_IFACE";
     private static final IpPrefix TEST_IPPREFIX = new IpPrefix("192.168.42.1/24");
+    private static final int TEST_NET_ID = 123;
 
     @Before
     public void setUp() throws Exception {
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
             }
 
             throw new ServiceSpecificException(EBUSY);
-        }).when(mNetd).networkAddInterface(LOCAL_NET_ID, IFACE);
+        }).when(mNetd).networkAddInterface(TEST_NET_ID, IFACE);
     }
 
     class Counter {
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
         setNetworkAddInterfaceOutcome(new ServiceSpecificException(expectedCode), expectedTries);
 
         try {
-            NetdUtils.tetherInterface(mNetd, LOCAL_NET_ID, IFACE, TEST_IPPREFIX, 20, 0);
+            NetdUtils.tetherInterface(mNetd, TEST_NET_ID, IFACE, TEST_IPPREFIX, 20, 0);
             fail("Expect throw ServiceSpecificException");
         } catch (ServiceSpecificException e) {
             assertEquals(e.errorCode, expectedCode);
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
         setNetworkAddInterfaceOutcome(new RemoteException(), expectedTries);
 
         try {
-            NetdUtils.tetherInterface(mNetd, LOCAL_NET_ID, IFACE, TEST_IPPREFIX, 20, 0);
+            NetdUtils.tetherInterface(mNetd, TEST_NET_ID, IFACE, TEST_IPPREFIX, 20, 0);
             fail("Expect throw RemoteException");
         } catch (RemoteException e) { }
 
@@ -187,18 +187,19 @@
 
     private void verifyNetworkAddInterfaceFails(int expectedTries) throws Exception {
         verify(mNetd).tetherInterfaceAdd(IFACE);
-        verify(mNetd, times(expectedTries)).networkAddInterface(LOCAL_NET_ID, IFACE);
+        verify(mNetd, times(expectedTries)).networkAddInterface(TEST_NET_ID, IFACE);
         verify(mNetd, never()).networkAddRoute(anyInt(), anyString(), any(), any());
+
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd);
     }
 
     private void verifyTetherInterfaceSucceeds(int expectedTries) throws Exception {
         setNetworkAddInterfaceOutcome(null, expectedTries);
 
-        NetdUtils.tetherInterface(mNetd, LOCAL_NET_ID, IFACE, TEST_IPPREFIX);
+        NetdUtils.tetherInterface(mNetd, TEST_NET_ID, IFACE, TEST_IPPREFIX);
         verify(mNetd).tetherInterfaceAdd(IFACE);
-        verify(mNetd, times(expectedTries)).networkAddInterface(LOCAL_NET_ID, IFACE);
-        verify(mNetd, times(2)).networkAddRoute(eq(LOCAL_NET_ID), eq(IFACE), any(), any());
+        verify(mNetd, times(expectedTries)).networkAddInterface(TEST_NET_ID, IFACE);
+        verify(mNetd, times(2)).networkAddRoute(eq(TEST_NET_ID), eq(IFACE), any(), any());
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(mNetd);
         reset(mNetd);
     }
diff --git a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/NetlinkUtils.java b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/NetlinkUtils.java
index 541a375..e2544d3 100644
--- a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/NetlinkUtils.java
+++ b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/NetlinkUtils.java
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.nio.ByteOrder;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.function.Consumer;
@@ -469,4 +470,31 @@
             // Nothing we can do here
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Sends a netlink request to set flags for given interface
+     *
+     * @param interfaceName The name of the network interface to query.
+     * @param flags power-of-two integer flags to set or unset. A flag to set should be passed as
+     *        is as a power-of-two value, and a flag to remove should be passed inversed as -1 with
+     *        a single bit down. For example: IFF_UP, ~IFF_BROADCAST...
+     * @return true if the request finished successfully, otherwise false.
+     */
+    public static boolean setInterfaceFlags(@NonNull String interfaceName, int... flags) {
+        final RtNetlinkLinkMessage ntMsg =
+                RtNetlinkLinkMessage.createSetFlagsMessage(interfaceName, /*seqNo*/ 0, flags);
+        if (ntMsg == null) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to create message to set interface flags for interface "
+                    + interfaceName + ", input flags are: " + Arrays.toString(flags));
+            return false;
+        }
+        final byte[] msg = ntMsg.pack(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());
+        try {
+            NetlinkUtils.sendOneShotKernelMessage(NETLINK_ROUTE, msg);
+            return true;
+        } catch (ErrnoException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Failed to set flags for: " + interfaceName, e);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/RtNetlinkLinkMessage.java b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/RtNetlinkLinkMessage.java
index 037d95f..1afe3b8 100644
--- a/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/RtNetlinkLinkMessage.java
+++ b/staticlibs/device/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/RtNetlinkLinkMessage.java
@@ -312,6 +312,57 @@
                 DEFAULT_MTU, null, null);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Creates an {@link RtNetlinkLinkMessage} instance that can be used to set the flags of a
+     * network interface.
+     *
+     * @param interfaceName The name of the network interface to query.
+     * @param sequenceNumber The sequence number for the Netlink message.
+     * @param flags power-of-two integer flags to set or unset. A flag to set should be passed as
+     *        is as a power-of-two value, and a flag to remove should be passed inversed as -1 with
+     *        a single bit down. For example: IFF_UP, ~IFF_BROADCAST...
+     * @return An `RtNetlinkLinkMessage` instance representing the request to query the interface.
+     */
+    @Nullable
+    public static RtNetlinkLinkMessage createSetFlagsMessage(@NonNull String interfaceName,
+            int sequenceNumber, int... flags) {
+        return createSetFlagsMessage(
+                interfaceName, sequenceNumber, new OsAccess(), flags);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    @Nullable
+    protected static RtNetlinkLinkMessage createSetFlagsMessage(
+            @NonNull String interfaceName, int sequenceNumber, @NonNull OsAccess osAccess,
+            int... flags) {
+        final int interfaceIndex = osAccess.if_nametoindex(interfaceName);
+        if (interfaceIndex == OsAccess.INVALID_INTERFACE_INDEX) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        int flagsBits = 0;
+        int changeBits = 0;
+        for (int f : flags) {
+            if (Integer.bitCount(f) == 1) {
+                flagsBits |= f;
+                changeBits |= f;
+            } else if (Integer.bitCount(~f) == 1) {
+                flagsBits &= f;
+                changeBits |= ~f;
+            } else {
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+        // RTM_NEWLINK is used here for create, modify, or notify changes about a internet
+        // interface, including change in administrative state. While RTM_SETLINK is used to
+        // modify an existing link rather than creating a new one.
+        return RtNetlinkLinkMessage.build(
+                new StructNlMsgHdr(/*payloadLen*/ 0, RTM_NEWLINK, NLM_F_REQUEST, sequenceNumber),
+                new StructIfinfoMsg((short) AF_UNSPEC, /*type*/ 0, interfaceIndex,
+                        flagsBits, changeBits),
+                DEFAULT_MTU, /*hardwareAddress*/ null, /*interfaceName*/ null);
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         return "RtNetlinkLinkMessage{ "
diff --git a/staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/RtNetlinkLinkMessageTest.java b/staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/RtNetlinkLinkMessageTest.java
index bd0e31d..8104e3a 100644
--- a/staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/RtNetlinkLinkMessageTest.java
+++ b/staticlibs/tests/unit/src/com/android/net/module/util/netlink/RtNetlinkLinkMessageTest.java
@@ -306,6 +306,28 @@
     }
 
     @Test
+    public void testCreateSetInterfaceFlagsMessage() {
+        final String expectedHexBytes =
+                "20000000100001006824000000000000"    // struct nlmsghdr
+                        + "00000000080000000100000001000100"; // struct ifinfomsg
+        final String interfaceName = "wlan0";
+        final int interfaceIndex = 8;
+        final int sequenceNumber = 0x2468;
+
+        when(mOsAccess.if_nametoindex(interfaceName)).thenReturn(interfaceIndex);
+
+        final RtNetlinkLinkMessage msg = RtNetlinkLinkMessage.createSetFlagsMessage(
+                interfaceName,
+                sequenceNumber,
+                mOsAccess,
+                NetlinkConstants.IFF_UP,
+                ~NetlinkConstants.IFF_LOWER_UP);
+        assertNotNull(msg);
+        final byte[] bytes = msg.pack(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);  // For testing.
+        assertEquals(expectedHexBytes, HexDump.toHexString(bytes));
+    }
+
+    @Test
     public void testToString() {
         final ByteBuffer byteBuffer = toByteBuffer(RTM_NEWLINK_HEX);
         byteBuffer.order(ByteOrder.LITTLE_ENDIAN);  // For testing.
diff --git a/tests/cts/netpermission/updatestatspermission/AndroidTest.xml b/tests/cts/netpermission/updatestatspermission/AndroidTest.xml
index fb6c814..82994c4 100644
--- a/tests/cts/netpermission/updatestatspermission/AndroidTest.xml
+++ b/tests/cts/netpermission/updatestatspermission/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
     <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="instant_app" />
     <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="not_multi_abi" />
     <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="secondary_user" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="parameter" value="secondary_user_on_secondary_display" />
     <option name="not-shardable" value="true" />
     <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.suite.SuiteApkInstaller">
         <option name="cleanup-apks" value="true" />
diff --git a/thread/demoapp/AndroidManifest.xml b/thread/demoapp/AndroidManifest.xml
index c31bb71..fddc151 100644
--- a/thread/demoapp/AndroidManifest.xml
+++ b/thread/demoapp/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
             <intent-filter>
                 <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                 <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
+                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LEANBACK_LAUNCHER" />
             </intent-filter>
         </activity>
     </application>