diff --git a/java/res/values-ar/donottranslate-more-keys.xml b/java/res/values-ar/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
index 9a7a026..a5f35bb 100644
--- a/java/res/values-ar/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-ar/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
@@ -104,14 +104,14 @@
     <string name="more_keys_for_star">★,\u066d</string>
     <!-- The all letters need to be mirrored are found at
          http://www.unicode.org/Public/6.1.0/ucd/BidiMirroring.txt -->
-    <string name="output_text_for_left_parenthesis">)</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_right_parenthesis">(</string>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_left_parenthesis">0x0029</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_right_parenthesis">0x0028</integer>
     <!-- \ufd3e: ORNATE LEFT PARENTHESIS
          \ufd3f: ORNATE RIGHT PARENTHESIS -->
     <string name="more_keys_for_left_parenthesis">[|],{|},&lt;|&gt;,\ufd3e|\ufd3f</string>
     <string name="more_keys_for_right_parenthesis">]|[,}|{,&gt;|&lt;,\ufd3f|\ufd3e</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_less_than">&gt;</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_greater_than">&lt;</string>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_less_than">0x003e</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_greater_than">0x003c</integer>
     <!-- \u2264: LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO
          \u2265: GREATER-THAN EQUAL TO
          \u00ab: LEFT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK
@@ -129,10 +129,10 @@
          \u201f: DOUBLE HIGH-REVERSED-9 QUOTATION MARK -->
     <string name="more_keys_for_less_than">\u2264|\u2265,\u00ab|\u00bb,\u2039|\u203a</string>
     <string name="more_keys_for_greater_than">\u2265|\u2264,\u00bb|\u00ab,\u203a|\u2039</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_left_square_bracket">]</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_right_square_bracket">[</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_left_curly_bracket">}</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_right_curly_bracket">{</string>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_left_square_bracket">0x005d</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_right_square_bracket">0x005b</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_left_curly_bracket">0x007d</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_right_curly_bracket">0x007b</integer>
     <!-- Note: Neither DroidSans nor Roboto have a glyph for DOUBLE HIGH-REVERSED-9 QUOTATION MARK. -->
     <!-- <string name="more_keys_for_double_quote">\u201c,\u201d,\u201e,\u201f,\u00ab,\u00bb</string> -->
     <!-- The 4-more keys will be displayed in order of "3,1,2,4". -->
diff --git a/java/res/values-iw/donottranslate-more-keys.xml b/java/res/values-iw/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
index 6fc3360..f44ff21 100644
--- a/java/res/values-iw/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-iw/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
@@ -22,12 +22,12 @@
     <string name="more_keys_for_plus">±,﬩</string>
     <!-- The all letters need to be mirrored are found at
          http://www.unicode.org/Public/6.1.0/ucd/BidiMirroring.txt -->
-    <string name="output_text_for_left_parenthesis">)</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_right_parenthesis">(</string>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_left_parenthesis">0x0029</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_right_parenthesis">0x0028</integer>
     <string name="more_keys_for_left_parenthesis">[|],{|},&lt;|&gt;</string>
     <string name="more_keys_for_right_parenthesis">]|[,}|{,&gt;|&lt;</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_less_than">&gt;</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_greater_than">&lt;</string>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_less_than">0x003e</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_greater_than">0x003c</integer>
     <!-- \u2264: LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO
          \u2265: GREATER-THAN EQUAL TO
          \u00ab: LEFT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK
@@ -45,10 +45,10 @@
          \u201f: DOUBLE HIGH-REVERSED-9 QUOTATION MARK -->
     <string name="more_keys_for_less_than">\u2264|\u2265,\u00ab|\u00bb,\u2039|\u203a</string>
     <string name="more_keys_for_greater_than">\u2265|\u2264,\u00bb|\u00ab,\u203a|\u2039</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_left_square_bracket">]</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_right_square_bracket">[</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_left_curly_bracket">}</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_right_curly_bracket">{</string>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_left_square_bracket">0x005d</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_right_square_bracket">0x005b</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_left_curly_bracket">0x007d</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_right_curly_bracket">0x007b</integer>
     <!-- Note: Neither DroidSans nor Roboto have a glyph for DOUBLE HIGH-REVERSED-9 QUOTATION MARK. -->
     <!-- <string name="more_keys_for_double_quote">\u201c,\u201d,\u201e,\u201f,\u00ab,\u00bb</string> -->
     <!-- The 4-more keys will be displayed in order of "3,1,2,4". -->
diff --git a/java/res/values/donottranslate-more-keys.xml b/java/res/values/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
index d7b1ff5..d78e41f 100644
--- a/java/res/values/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
+++ b/java/res/values/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
@@ -114,12 +114,12 @@
     <string name="more_keys_for_plus">±</string>
     <!-- The all letters need to be mirrored are found at
          http://www.unicode.org/Public/6.1.0/ucd/BidiMirroring.txt -->
-    <string name="output_text_for_left_parenthesis">(</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_right_parenthesis">)</string>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_left_parenthesis">0x0028</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_right_parenthesis">0x0029</integer>
     <string name="more_keys_for_left_parenthesis">[,{,&lt;</string>
     <string name="more_keys_for_right_parenthesis">],},&gt;</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_less_than">&lt;</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_greater_than">&gt;</string>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_less_than">0x003c</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_greater_than">0x003e</integer>
     <!-- \u2264: LESS-THAN OR EQUAL TO
          \u2265: GREATER-THAN EQUAL TO
          \u00ab: LEFT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK
@@ -137,10 +137,10 @@
          \u201f: DOUBLE HIGH-REVERSED-9 QUOTATION MARK -->
     <string name="more_keys_for_less_than">\u2264,\u00ab,\u2039</string>
     <string name="more_keys_for_greater_than">\u2265,\u00bb,\u203a</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_left_square_bracket">[</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_right_square_bracket">]</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_left_curly_bracket">{</string>
-    <string name="output_text_for_right_curly_bracket">}</string>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_left_square_bracket">0x005b</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_right_square_bracket">0x005d</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_left_curly_bracket">0x007b</integer>
+    <integer name="keycode_for_right_curly_bracket">0x007d</integer>
     <!-- The 4-more keys will be displayed in order of "3,1,2,4". -->
     <string name="more_keys_for_single_quote">\u2019,\u201a,\u2018,\u201b</string>
     <!-- Note: Neither DroidSans nor Roboto have a glyph for DOUBLE HIGH-REVERSED-9 QUOTATION MARK. -->
diff --git a/java/res/xml/keys_curly_brackets.xml b/java/res/xml/keys_curly_brackets.xml
index b43fbb1..d21a092 100644
--- a/java/res/xml/keys_curly_brackets.xml
+++ b/java/res/xml/keys_curly_brackets.xml
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
 >
     <Key
         latin:keyLabel="{"
-        latin:keyOutputText="@string/output_text_for_left_curly_bracket" />
+        latin:code="@integer/keycode_for_left_curly_bracket" />
     <Key
         latin:keyLabel="}"
-        latin:keyOutputText="@string/output_text_for_right_curly_bracket" />
+        latin:code="@integer/keycode_for_right_curly_bracket" />
 </merge>
diff --git a/java/res/xml/keys_less_greater.xml b/java/res/xml/keys_less_greater.xml
index 8e90199..8961d9c 100644
--- a/java/res/xml/keys_less_greater.xml
+++ b/java/res/xml/keys_less_greater.xml
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@
 >
     <Key
         latin:keyLabel="&lt;"
-        latin:keyOutputText="@string/output_text_for_less_than"
+        latin:code="@integer/keycode_for_less_than"
         latin:moreKeys="@string/more_keys_for_less_than" />
     <Key
         latin:keyLabel="&gt;"
-        latin:keyOutputText="@string/output_text_for_greater_than"
+        latin:code="@integer/keycode_for_greater_than"
         latin:moreKeys="@string/more_keys_for_greater_than" />
 </merge>
diff --git a/java/res/xml/keys_parentheses.xml b/java/res/xml/keys_parentheses.xml
index bacb26d..6853bf1 100644
--- a/java/res/xml/keys_parentheses.xml
+++ b/java/res/xml/keys_parentheses.xml
@@ -23,10 +23,10 @@
 >
     <Key
         latin:keyLabel="("
-        latin:keyOutputText="@string/output_text_for_left_parenthesis"
+        latin:code="@integer/keycode_for_left_parenthesis"
         latin:moreKeys="@string/more_keys_for_left_parenthesis" />
     <Key
         latin:keyLabel=")"
-        latin:keyOutputText="@string/output_text_for_right_parenthesis"
+        latin:code="@integer/keycode_for_right_parenthesis"
         latin:moreKeys="@string/more_keys_for_right_parenthesis" />
 </merge>
diff --git a/java/res/xml/keys_square_brackets.xml b/java/res/xml/keys_square_brackets.xml
index 3525f4d..44387c3 100644
--- a/java/res/xml/keys_square_brackets.xml
+++ b/java/res/xml/keys_square_brackets.xml
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@
 >
     <Key
         latin:keyLabel="["
-        latin:keyOutputText="@string/output_text_for_left_square_bracket" />
+        latin:code="@integer/keycode_for_left_square_bracket" />
     <Key
         latin:keyLabel="]"
-        latin:keyOutputText="@string/output_text_for_right_square_bracket" />
+        latin:code="@integer/keycode_for_right_square_bracket" />
 </merge>
diff --git a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/Key.java b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/Key.java
index c31bcf2..6eaa606 100644
--- a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/Key.java
+++ b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/Key.java
@@ -247,14 +247,14 @@
         mMaxMoreKeysColumn = style.getInt(keyAttr,
                 R.styleable.Keyboard_Key_maxMoreKeysColumn, params.mMaxMiniKeyboardColumn);
 
-        mLabel = adjustCaseOfStringForKeyboardId(style.getString(
-                keyAttr, R.styleable.Keyboard_Key_keyLabel), preserveCase, params.mId);
-        mHintLabel = adjustCaseOfStringForKeyboardId(style.getString(
-                keyAttr, R.styleable.Keyboard_Key_keyHintLabel), preserveCase, params.mId);
-        String outputText = adjustCaseOfStringForKeyboardId(style.getString(
-                keyAttr, R.styleable.Keyboard_Key_keyOutputText), preserveCase, params.mId);
-        final int code = style.getInt(
-                keyAttr, R.styleable.Keyboard_Key_code, Keyboard.CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        mLabel = adjustCaseOfStringForKeyboardId(style.getString(keyAttr,
+                R.styleable.Keyboard_Key_keyLabel), preserveCase, params.mId);
+        mHintLabel = adjustCaseOfStringForKeyboardId(style.getString(keyAttr,
+                R.styleable.Keyboard_Key_keyHintLabel), preserveCase, params.mId);
+        String outputText = adjustCaseOfStringForKeyboardId(style.getString(keyAttr,
+                R.styleable.Keyboard_Key_keyOutputText), preserveCase, params.mId);
+        final int code = style.getInt(keyAttr,
+                R.styleable.Keyboard_Key_code, Keyboard.CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
         // Choose the first letter of the label as primary code if not specified.
         if (code == Keyboard.CODE_UNSPECIFIED && TextUtils.isEmpty(outputText)
                 && !TextUtils.isEmpty(mLabel)) {
@@ -274,7 +274,12 @@
                 mCode = Keyboard.CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT;
             }
         } else if (code == Keyboard.CODE_UNSPECIFIED && outputText != null) {
-            mCode = Keyboard.CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT;
+            if (Utils.codePointCount(outputText) == 1) {
+                mCode = outputText.codePointAt(0);
+                outputText = null;
+            } else {
+                mCode = Keyboard.CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT;
+            }
         } else {
             mCode = adjustCaseOfCodeForKeyboardId(code, preserveCase, params.mId);
         }
diff --git a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeySpecParser.java b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeySpecParser.java
index e3c5da4..1626a14 100644
--- a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeySpecParser.java
+++ b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeySpecParser.java
@@ -133,18 +133,28 @@
         return label;
     }
 
+    private static String getOutputTextInternal(String moreKeySpec) {
+        final int end = indexOfLabelEnd(moreKeySpec, 0);
+        if (end <= 0) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        if (indexOfLabelEnd(moreKeySpec, end + 1) >= 0) {
+            throw new KeySpecParserError("Multiple " + LABEL_END + ": " + moreKeySpec);
+        }
+        return parseEscape(moreKeySpec.substring(end + /* LABEL_END */1));
+    }
+
     public static String getOutputText(String moreKeySpec) {
         if (hasCode(moreKeySpec)) {
             return null;
         }
-        final int end = indexOfLabelEnd(moreKeySpec, 0);
-        if (end > 0) {
-            if (indexOfLabelEnd(moreKeySpec, end + 1) >= 0) {
-                    throw new KeySpecParserError("Multiple " + LABEL_END + ": "
-                            + moreKeySpec);
+        final String outputText = getOutputTextInternal(moreKeySpec);
+        if (outputText != null) {
+            if (Utils.codePointCount(outputText) == 1) {
+                // If output text is one code point, it should be treated as a code.
+                // See {@link #getCode(Resources, String)}.
+                return null;
             }
-            final String outputText = parseEscape(
-                    moreKeySpec.substring(end + /* LABEL_END */1));
             if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(outputText)) {
                 return outputText;
             }
@@ -170,7 +180,13 @@
             final int code = res.getInteger(resId);
             return code;
         }
-        if (indexOfLabelEnd(moreKeySpec, 0) > 0) {
+        final String outputText = getOutputTextInternal(moreKeySpec);
+        if (outputText != null) {
+            // If output text is one code point, it should be treated as a code.
+            // See {@link #getOutputText(String)}.
+            if (Utils.codePointCount(outputText) == 1) {
+                return outputText.codePointAt(0);
+            }
             return Keyboard.CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT;
         }
         final String label = getLabel(moreKeySpec);