diff --git a/java/res/xml-sw600dp/keys_comma_period.xml b/java/res/xml-sw600dp/keys_comma_period.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7604e03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/java/res/xml-sw600dp/keys_comma_period.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+/*
+**
+** Copyright 2013, The Android Open Source Project
+**
+** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+** You may obtain a copy of the License at
+**
+**     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+**
+** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+** limitations under the License.
+*/
+-->
+
+<merge
+    xmlns:latin="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.android.inputmethod.latin"
+>
+    <switch>
+        <case
+            latin:mode="email|url"
+        >
+            <Key
+                latin:keyLabel=","
+                latin:keyHintLabel="-"
+                latin:moreKeys="-"
+                latin:backgroundType="functional"
+                latin:keyStyle="hasShiftedLetterHintStyle" />
+            <Key
+                latin:keyLabel="."
+                latin:keyHintLabel="_"
+                latin:moreKeys="_"
+                latin:backgroundType="functional"
+                latin:keyStyle="hasShiftedLetterHintStyle" />
+        </case>
+        <case
+            latin:languageCode="ar"
+        >
+            <Key
+                latin:keyLabel="!text/keylabel_for_apostrophe"
+                latin:keyHintLabel="!text/keyhintlabel_for_apostrophe"
+                latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_apostrophe"
+                latin:backgroundType="functional"
+                latin:keyStyle="hasShiftedLetterHintStyle" />
+            <Key
+                latin:keyLabel="."
+                latin:keyHintLabel="!text/keyhintlabel_for_arabic_diacritics"
+                latin:keyLabelFlags="hasPopupHint"
+                latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_arabic_diacritics"
+                latin:backgroundType="functional"
+                latin:keyStyle="hasShiftedLetterHintStyle" />
+        </case>
+        <case
+            latin:languageCode="fa"
+        >
+            <Key
+                latin:keyLabel="!text/keylabel_for_apostrophe"
+                latin:keyHintLabel="!text/keyhintlabel_for_apostrophe"
+                latin:keyLabelFlags="hasPopupHint"
+                latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_apostrophe"
+                latin:backgroundType="functional"
+                latin:keyStyle="hasShiftedLetterHintStyle" />
+            <Key
+                latin:keyLabel="."
+                latin:keyHintLabel="!text/keyhintlabel_for_arabic_diacritics"
+                latin:keyLabelFlags="hasPopupHint"
+                latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_arabic_diacritics"
+                latin:backgroundType="functional"
+                latin:keyStyle="hasShiftedLetterHintStyle" />
+        </case>
+        <case
+            latin:languageCode="hy"
+        >
+            <!-- U+055D: "՝" ARMENIAN COMMA -->
+            <Key
+                latin:keyLabel="&#x055D;"
+                latin:backgroundType="functional" />
+            <!-- U+0589: "։" ARMENIAN FULL STOP -->
+            <Key
+                latin:keyLabel="&#x0589;"
+                latin:keyLabelFlags="hasPopupHint"
+                latin:backgroundType="functional"
+                latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_punctuation" />
+        </case>
+        <default>
+            <Key
+                latin:keyLabel="!text/keylabel_for_tablet_comma"
+                latin:keyHintLabel="!text/keyhintlabel_for_tablet_comma"
+                latin:backgroundType="functional"
+                latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_tablet_comma" />
+            <Key
+                latin:keyLabel="."
+                latin:keyHintLabel="!text/keyhintlabel_for_period"
+                latin:backgroundType="functional"
+                latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_period" />
+        </default>
+    </switch>
+</merge>
diff --git a/java/res/xml-sw600dp/keys_exclamation_question.xml b/java/res/xml-sw600dp/keys_exclamation_question.xml
index 983ef38..cd38282 100644
--- a/java/res/xml-sw600dp/keys_exclamation_question.xml
+++ b/java/res/xml-sw600dp/keys_exclamation_question.xml
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
     xmlns:latin="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/com.android.inputmethod.latin"
 >
     <Key
-        latin:keyLabel="\?" />
-    <Key
         latin:keyLabel="!" />
+    <Key
+        latin:keyLabel="\?" />
 </merge>
diff --git a/java/res/xml/keys_comma_period.xml b/java/res/xml/keys_comma_period.xml
index 02b46c2..1b51e45 100644
--- a/java/res/xml/keys_comma_period.xml
+++ b/java/res/xml/keys_comma_period.xml
@@ -23,22 +23,6 @@
 >
     <switch>
         <case
-            latin:mode="email|url"
-        >
-            <Key
-                latin:keyLabel="."
-                latin:keyHintLabel="_"
-                latin:moreKeys="_"
-                latin:backgroundType="functional"
-                latin:keyStyle="hasShiftedLetterHintStyle" />
-            <Key
-                latin:keyLabel=","
-                latin:keyHintLabel="-"
-                latin:moreKeys="-"
-                latin:backgroundType="functional"
-                latin:keyStyle="hasShiftedLetterHintStyle" />
-        </case>
-        <case
             latin:languageCode="ar"
         >
             <Key
@@ -76,28 +60,28 @@
         <case
             latin:languageCode="hy"
         >
+            <!-- U+055D: "՝" ARMENIAN COMMA -->
+            <Key
+                latin:keyLabel="&#x055D;"
+                latin:backgroundType="functional" />
             <!-- U+0589: "։" ARMENIAN FULL STOP -->
             <Key
                 latin:keyLabel="&#x0589;"
                 latin:keyLabelFlags="hasPopupHint"
                 latin:backgroundType="functional"
                 latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_punctuation" />
-            <!-- U+055D: "՝" ARMENIAN COMMA -->
-            <Key
-                latin:keyLabel="&#x055D;"
-                latin:backgroundType="functional" />
         </case>
         <default>
             <Key
-                latin:keyLabel="."
-                latin:keyHintLabel="!text/keyhintlabel_for_tablet_period"
-                latin:backgroundType="functional"
-                latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_tablet_period" />
-            <Key
                 latin:keyLabel="!text/keylabel_for_tablet_comma"
                 latin:keyHintLabel="!text/keyhintlabel_for_tablet_comma"
                 latin:backgroundType="functional"
                 latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_tablet_comma" />
+            <Key
+                latin:keyLabel="."
+                latin:keyHintLabel="!text/keyhintlabel_for_period"
+                latin:backgroundType="functional"
+                latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_period" />
         </default>
     </switch>
 </merge>
diff --git a/java/res/xml/rowkeys_symbols3.xml b/java/res/xml/rowkeys_symbols3.xml
index 9f5e620..074078c 100644
--- a/java/res/xml/rowkeys_symbols3.xml
+++ b/java/res/xml/rowkeys_symbols3.xml
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@
         latin:keyLabel="!text/keylabel_for_symbols_semicolon"
         latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_symbols_semicolon" />
     <Key
-        latin:keyLabel="!text/keylabel_for_symbols_question"
-        latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_symbols_question" />
-    <Key
         latin:keyLabel="!"
         latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_symbols_exclamation" />
+    <Key
+        latin:keyLabel="!text/keylabel_for_symbols_question"
+        latin:moreKeys="!text/more_keys_for_symbols_question" />
 </merge>
diff --git a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/PointerTracker.java b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/PointerTracker.java
index ee4ac95..52f190e 100644
--- a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/PointerTracker.java
+++ b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/PointerTracker.java
@@ -823,14 +823,16 @@
             final int size = sAggregratedPointers.getPointerSize();
             if (size > sLastRecognitionPointSize
                     && stroke.hasRecognitionTimePast(eventTime, sLastRecognitionTime)) {
-                sLastRecognitionPointSize = size;
-                sLastRecognitionTime = eventTime;
                 if (DEBUG_LISTENER) {
                     Log.d(TAG, String.format("[%d] onUpdateBatchInput: batchPoints=%d", mPointerId,
                             size));
                 }
                 mTimerProxy.startUpdateBatchInputTimer(this);
                 mListener.onUpdateBatchInput(sAggregratedPointers);
+                // The listener may change the size of the pointers (when auto-committing
+                // for example), so we need to get the size from the pointers again.
+                sLastRecognitionPointSize = sAggregratedPointers.getPointerSize();
+                sLastRecognitionTime = eventTime;
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeyboardTextsSet.java b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeyboardTextsSet.java
index 67553fb..684cf63 100644
--- a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeyboardTextsSet.java
+++ b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeyboardTextsSet.java
@@ -209,8 +209,8 @@
         /* 104 */ "keylabel_for_tablet_comma",
         /* 105 */ "keyhintlabel_for_tablet_comma",
         /* 106 */ "more_keys_for_tablet_comma",
-        /* 107 */ "keyhintlabel_for_tablet_period",
-        /* 108 */ "more_keys_for_tablet_period",
+        /* 107 */ "keyhintlabel_for_period",
+        /* 108 */ "more_keys_for_period",
         /* 109 */ "keylabel_for_apostrophe",
         /* 110 */ "keyhintlabel_for_apostrophe",
         /* 111 */ "more_keys_for_apostrophe",
diff --git a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/BinaryDictionary.java b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/BinaryDictionary.java
index d9bad7e..541e697 100644
--- a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/BinaryDictionary.java
+++ b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/BinaryDictionary.java
@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@
     private static final int MAX_WORD_LENGTH = Constants.DICTIONARY_MAX_WORD_LENGTH;
     // Must be equal to MAX_RESULTS in native/jni/src/defines.h
     private static final int MAX_RESULTS = 18;
-    // Required space count for auto commit.
-    // TODO: Remove this heuristic.
-    private static final int SPACE_COUNT_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT = 3;
+    // The cutoff returned by native for auto-commit confidence.
+    // Must be equal to CONFIDENCE_TO_AUTO_COMMIT in native/jni/src/defines.h
+    private static final int CONFIDENCE_TO_AUTO_COMMIT = 1000000;
 
     @UsedForTesting
     public static final String UNIGRAM_COUNT_QUERY = "UNIGRAM_COUNT";
@@ -343,18 +343,7 @@
 
     @Override
     public boolean shouldAutoCommit(final SuggestedWordInfo candidate) {
-        // TODO: actually use the confidence rather than use this completely broken heuristic
-        final String word = candidate.mWord;
-        final int length = word.length();
-        int remainingSpaces = SPACE_COUNT_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT;
-        for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
-            // This is okay because no low-surrogate and no high-surrogate can ever match the
-            // space character, so we don't need to take care of iterating on code points.
-            if (Constants.CODE_SPACE == word.charAt(i)) {
-                if (0 >= --remainingSpaces) return true;
-            }
-        }
-        return false;
+        return candidate.mAutoCommitFirstWordConfidence > CONFIDENCE_TO_AUTO_COMMIT;
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/BinaryDictIOUtils.java b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/BinaryDictIOUtils.java
index a282f59..e901376 100644
--- a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/BinaryDictIOUtils.java
+++ b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/BinaryDictIOUtils.java
@@ -288,6 +288,8 @@
         return BinaryDictEncoderUtils.getByteSize(value);
     }
 
+    // TODO: Remove this method.
+    @Deprecated
     static void skipPtNode(final DictBuffer dictBuffer, final FormatOptions formatOptions) {
         final int flags = dictBuffer.readUnsignedByte();
         BinaryDictDecoderUtils.readParentAddress(dictBuffer, formatOptions);
diff --git a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/DictDecoder.java b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/DictDecoder.java
index 3796a46..e251f7d 100644
--- a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/DictDecoder.java
+++ b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/DictDecoder.java
@@ -391,4 +391,6 @@
             return readLength;
         }
     }
+
+    public abstract void skipPtNode(final FormatOptions formatOptions);
 }
diff --git a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/Ver3DictDecoder.java b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/Ver3DictDecoder.java
index 848277c..75d1058 100644
--- a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/Ver3DictDecoder.java
+++ b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/Ver3DictDecoder.java
@@ -231,4 +231,40 @@
     public boolean hasNextPtNodeArray() {
         return mDictBuffer.position() != FormatSpec.NO_FORWARD_LINK_ADDRESS;
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public void skipPtNode(final FormatOptions formatOptions) {
+        final int flags = PtNodeReader.readPtNodeOptionFlags(mDictBuffer);
+        PtNodeReader.readParentAddress(mDictBuffer, formatOptions);
+        BinaryDictIOUtils.skipString(mDictBuffer,
+                (flags & FormatSpec.FLAG_HAS_MULTIPLE_CHARS) != 0);
+        PtNodeReader.readChildrenAddress(mDictBuffer, flags, formatOptions);
+        if ((flags & FormatSpec.FLAG_IS_TERMINAL) != 0) PtNodeReader.readFrequency(mDictBuffer);
+        if ((flags & FormatSpec.FLAG_HAS_SHORTCUT_TARGETS) != 0) {
+            final int shortcutsSize = mDictBuffer.readUnsignedShort();
+            mDictBuffer.position(mDictBuffer.position() + shortcutsSize
+                    - FormatSpec.PTNODE_SHORTCUT_LIST_SIZE_SIZE);
+        }
+        if ((flags & FormatSpec.FLAG_HAS_BIGRAMS) != 0) {
+            int bigramCount = 0;
+            while (bigramCount++ < FormatSpec.MAX_BIGRAMS_IN_A_PTNODE) {
+                final int bigramFlags = mDictBuffer.readUnsignedByte();
+                switch (bigramFlags & FormatSpec.MASK_BIGRAM_ATTR_ADDRESS_TYPE) {
+                    case FormatSpec.FLAG_BIGRAM_ATTR_ADDRESS_TYPE_ONEBYTE:
+                        mDictBuffer.readUnsignedByte();
+                        break;
+                    case FormatSpec.FLAG_BIGRAM_ATTR_ADDRESS_TYPE_TWOBYTES:
+                        mDictBuffer.readUnsignedShort();
+                        break;
+                    case FormatSpec.FLAG_BIGRAM_ATTR_ADDRESS_TYPE_THREEBYTES:
+                        mDictBuffer.readUnsignedInt24();
+                        break;
+                }
+                if ((bigramFlags & FormatSpec.FLAG_BIGRAM_SHORTCUT_ATTR_HAS_NEXT) == 0) break;
+            }
+            if (bigramCount >= FormatSpec.MAX_BIGRAMS_IN_A_PTNODE) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("Too many bigrams in a PtNode.");
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/Ver4DictDecoder.java b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/Ver4DictDecoder.java
index 0aa4319..fa19e26 100644
--- a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/Ver4DictDecoder.java
+++ b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/makedict/Ver4DictDecoder.java
@@ -293,4 +293,14 @@
     public boolean hasNextPtNodeArray() {
         return mDictBuffer.position() != FormatSpec.NO_FORWARD_LINK_ADDRESS;
     }
+
+    @Override
+    public void skipPtNode(final FormatOptions formatOptions) {
+        final int flags = PtNodeReader.readPtNodeOptionFlags(mDictBuffer);
+        PtNodeReader.readParentAddress(mDictBuffer, formatOptions);
+        BinaryDictIOUtils.skipString(mDictBuffer,
+                (flags & FormatSpec.FLAG_HAS_MULTIPLE_CHARS) != 0);
+        if ((flags & FormatSpec.FLAG_IS_TERMINAL) != 0) PtNodeReader.readTerminalId(mDictBuffer);
+        PtNodeReader.readChildrenAddress(mDictBuffer, flags, formatOptions);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/native/jni/com_android_inputmethod_latin_BinaryDictionary.cpp b/native/jni/com_android_inputmethod_latin_BinaryDictionary.cpp
index 21c15ea..38159b0 100644
--- a/native/jni/com_android_inputmethod_latin_BinaryDictionary.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/com_android_inputmethod_latin_BinaryDictionary.cpp
@@ -344,8 +344,7 @@
     static const int GET_PROPERTY_RESULT_LENGTH = 100;
     char resultChars[GET_PROPERTY_RESULT_LENGTH];
     resultChars[0] = '\0';
-    dictionary->getDictionaryStructurePolicy()->getProperty(queryChars, resultChars,
-            GET_PROPERTY_RESULT_LENGTH);
+    dictionary->getProperty(queryChars, resultChars, GET_PROPERTY_RESULT_LENGTH);
     return env->NewStringUTF(resultChars);
 }
 
diff --git a/native/jni/src/defines.h b/native/jni/src/defines.h
index c920f64..742e388 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/defines.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/defines.h
@@ -298,9 +298,19 @@
 #define NOT_AN_INDEX (-1)
 #define NOT_A_PROBABILITY (-1)
 #define NOT_A_DICT_POS (S_INT_MIN)
+
 // A special value to mean the first word confidence makes no sense in this case,
 // e.g. this is not a multi-word suggestion.
-#define NOT_A_FIRST_WORD_CONFIDENCE (S_INT_MIN)
+#define NOT_A_FIRST_WORD_CONFIDENCE (S_INT_MAX)
+// How high the confidence needs to be for us to auto-commit. Arbitrary.
+// This needs to be the same as CONFIDENCE_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT in BinaryDictionary.java
+#define CONFIDENCE_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT (1000000)
+// 80% of the full confidence
+#define DISTANCE_WEIGHT_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT (80 * CONFIDENCE_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT / 100)
+// 100% of the full confidence
+#define LENGTH_WEIGHT_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT (CONFIDENCE_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT)
+// 80% of the full confidence
+#define SPACE_COUNT_WEIGHT_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT (80 * CONFIDENCE_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT / 100)
 
 #define KEYCODE_SPACE ' '
 #define KEYCODE_SINGLE_QUOTE '\''
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dicnode/dic_node.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dicnode/dic_node.h
index 9099e82..49cfdec 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dicnode/dic_node.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dicnode/dic_node.h
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@
         return isTerminalNodes && currentNodeDepth > 0 && currentNodeDepth == terminalNodeDepth;
     }
 
-    bool shouldBeFilterdBySafetyNetForBigram() const {
+    bool shouldBeFilteredBySafetyNetForBigram() const {
         const uint16_t currentDepth = getNodeCodePointCount();
         const int prevWordLen = mDicNodeState.mDicNodeStatePrevWord.getPrevWordLength()
                 - mDicNodeState.mDicNodeStatePrevWord.getPrevWordStart() - 1;
@@ -321,6 +321,16 @@
         DUMP_WORD_AND_SCORE("OUTPUT");
     }
 
+    // "Total" in this context (and other methods in this class) means the whole suggestion. When
+    // this represents a multi-word suggestion, the referenced PtNode (in mDicNodeState) is only
+    // the one that corresponds to the last word of the suggestion, and all the previous words
+    // are concatenated together in mPrevWord - which contains a space at the end.
+    int getTotalNodeSpaceCount() const {
+        if (isFirstWord()) return 0;
+        return CharUtils::getSpaceCount(mDicNodeState.mDicNodeStatePrevWord.mPrevWord,
+                mDicNodeState.mDicNodeStatePrevWord.getPrevWordLength());
+    }
+
     int getSecondWordFirstInputIndex(const ProximityInfoState *const pInfoState) const {
         const int inputIndex = mDicNodeState.mDicNodeStatePrevWord.getSecondWordFirstInputIndex();
         if (inputIndex == NOT_AN_INDEX) {
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.cpp b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.cpp
index 5969b31..59ead18 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.cpp
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
 }
 
 void Dictionary::getProperty(const char *const query, char *const outResult,
-        const int maxResultLength) const {
+        const int maxResultLength) {
     return mDictionaryStructureWithBufferPolicy->getProperty(query, outResult, maxResultLength);
 }
 
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.h
index 43d3b96..0195d5b 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.h
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
     bool needsToRunGC(const bool mindsBlockByGC);
 
     void getProperty(const char *const query, char *const outResult,
-            const int maxResultLength) const;
+            const int maxResultLength);
 
     const DictionaryStructureWithBufferPolicy *getDictionaryStructurePolicy() const {
         return mDictionaryStructureWithBufferPolicy;
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/layout/proximity_info_params.cpp b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/layout/proximity_info_params.cpp
index 0e887f7..49df103 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/layout/proximity_info_params.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/layout/proximity_info_params.cpp
@@ -69,13 +69,13 @@
 const float ProximityInfoParams::SKIP_CORNER_PROBABILITY = 0.4f;
 const float ProximityInfoParams::SPEED_MARGIN = 0.1f;
 const float ProximityInfoParams::CENTER_VALUE_OF_NORMALIZED_DISTRIBUTION = 0.0f;
-// TODO: The variance is critical for accuracy; thus, adjusting these parameter by machine
+// TODO: The variance is critical for accuracy; thus, adjusting these parameters by machine
 // learning or something would be efficient.
-const float ProximityInfoParams::SPEEDxANGLE_WEIGHT_FOR_STANDARD_DIVIATION = 0.3f;
-const float ProximityInfoParams::MAX_SPEEDxANGLE_RATE_FOR_STANDERD_DIVIATION = 0.25f;
-const float ProximityInfoParams::SPEEDxNEAREST_WEIGHT_FOR_STANDARD_DIVIATION = 0.5f;
-const float ProximityInfoParams::MAX_SPEEDxNEAREST_RATE_FOR_STANDERD_DIVIATION = 0.15f;
-const float ProximityInfoParams::MIN_STANDERD_DIVIATION = 0.37f;
+const float ProximityInfoParams::SPEEDxANGLE_WEIGHT_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION = 0.3f;
+const float ProximityInfoParams::MAX_SPEEDxANGLE_RATE_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION = 0.25f;
+const float ProximityInfoParams::SPEEDxNEAREST_WEIGHT_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION = 0.5f;
+const float ProximityInfoParams::MAX_SPEEDxNEAREST_RATE_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION = 0.15f;
+const float ProximityInfoParams::MIN_STANDARD_DEVIATION = 0.37f;
 const float ProximityInfoParams::PREV_DISTANCE_WEIGHT = 0.5f;
 const float ProximityInfoParams::NEXT_DISTANCE_WEIGHT = 0.6f;
 
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/layout/proximity_info_params.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/layout/proximity_info_params.h
index 4e47f73..ae1f82c 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/layout/proximity_info_params.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/layout/proximity_info_params.h
@@ -73,11 +73,11 @@
     static const float SKIP_CORNER_PROBABILITY;
     static const float SPEED_MARGIN;
     static const float CENTER_VALUE_OF_NORMALIZED_DISTRIBUTION;
-    static const float SPEEDxANGLE_WEIGHT_FOR_STANDARD_DIVIATION;
-    static const float MAX_SPEEDxANGLE_RATE_FOR_STANDERD_DIVIATION;
-    static const float SPEEDxNEAREST_WEIGHT_FOR_STANDARD_DIVIATION;
-    static const float MAX_SPEEDxNEAREST_RATE_FOR_STANDERD_DIVIATION;
-    static const float MIN_STANDERD_DIVIATION;
+    static const float SPEEDxANGLE_WEIGHT_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION;
+    static const float MAX_SPEEDxANGLE_RATE_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION;
+    static const float SPEEDxNEAREST_WEIGHT_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION;
+    static const float MAX_SPEEDxNEAREST_RATE_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION;
+    static const float MIN_STANDARD_DEVIATION;
     static const float PREV_DISTANCE_WEIGHT;
     static const float NEXT_DISTANCE_WEIGHT;
 
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/layout/proximity_info_state_utils.cpp b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/layout/proximity_info_state_utils.cpp
index 904671f..e1b3534 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/layout/proximity_info_state_utils.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/layout/proximity_info_state_utils.cpp
@@ -708,13 +708,13 @@
         const float inputCharProbability = 1.0f - skipProbability;
 
         const float speedxAngleRate = min(speedRate * currentAngle / M_PI_F
-                * ProximityInfoParams::SPEEDxANGLE_WEIGHT_FOR_STANDARD_DIVIATION,
-                        ProximityInfoParams::MAX_SPEEDxANGLE_RATE_FOR_STANDERD_DIVIATION);
+                * ProximityInfoParams::SPEEDxANGLE_WEIGHT_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION,
+                        ProximityInfoParams::MAX_SPEEDxANGLE_RATE_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION);
         const float speedxNearestKeyDistanceRate = min(speedRate * nearestKeyDistance
-                * ProximityInfoParams::SPEEDxNEAREST_WEIGHT_FOR_STANDARD_DIVIATION,
-                        ProximityInfoParams::MAX_SPEEDxNEAREST_RATE_FOR_STANDERD_DIVIATION);
+                * ProximityInfoParams::SPEEDxNEAREST_WEIGHT_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION,
+                        ProximityInfoParams::MAX_SPEEDxNEAREST_RATE_FOR_STANDARD_DEVIATION);
         const float sigma = speedxAngleRate + speedxNearestKeyDistanceRate
-                + ProximityInfoParams::MIN_STANDERD_DIVIATION;
+                + ProximityInfoParams::MIN_STANDARD_DEVIATION;
 
         ProximityInfoUtils::NormalDistribution
                 distribution(ProximityInfoParams::CENTER_VALUE_OF_NORMALIZED_DISTRIBUTION, sigma);
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/policy/dictionary_structure_with_buffer_policy.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/policy/dictionary_structure_with_buffer_policy.h
index c7ffef0..41f8204 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/policy/dictionary_structure_with_buffer_policy.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/policy/dictionary_structure_with_buffer_policy.h
@@ -80,8 +80,10 @@
 
     virtual bool needsToRunGC(const bool mindsBlockByGC) const = 0;
 
+    // Currently, this method is used only for testing. You may want to consider creating new
+    // dedicated method instead of this if you want to use this in the production.
     virtual void getProperty(const char *const query, char *const outResult,
-            const int maxResultLength) const = 0;
+            const int maxResultLength) = 0;
 
  protected:
     DictionaryStructureWithBufferPolicy() {}
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/suggest.cpp b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/suggest.cpp
index 51cfba1..73ccebc 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/suggest.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/suggest.cpp
@@ -166,7 +166,11 @@
     // TODO: have partial commit work even with multiple pointers.
     const bool outputSecondWordFirstLetterInputIndex =
             traverseSession->isOnlyOnePointerUsed(0 /* pointerId */);
-    outputAutoCommitFirstWordConfidence[0] = computeFirstWordConfidence();
+    if (terminalSize > 0) {
+        // If we have no suggestions, don't write this
+        outputAutoCommitFirstWordConfidence[0] =
+                computeFirstWordConfidence(&terminals[0]);
+    }
 
     // Output suggestion results here
     for (int terminalIndex = 0; terminalIndex < terminalSize && outputWordIndex < MAX_RESULTS;
@@ -255,9 +259,55 @@
     return outputWordIndex;
 }
 
-int Suggest::computeFirstWordConfidence() const {
-    // TODO: implement this.
-    return NOT_A_FIRST_WORD_CONFIDENCE;
+int Suggest::computeFirstWordConfidence(const DicNode *const terminalDicNode) const {
+    // Get the number of spaces in the first suggestion
+    const int spaceCount = terminalDicNode->getTotalNodeSpaceCount();
+    // Get the number of characters in the first suggestion
+    const int length = terminalDicNode->getTotalNodeCodePointCount();
+    // Get the distance for the first word of the suggestion
+    const float distance = terminalDicNode->getNormalizedCompoundDistanceAfterFirstWord();
+
+    // Arbitrarily, we give a score whose useful values range from 0 to 1,000,000.
+    // 1,000,000 will be the cutoff to auto-commit. It's fine if the number is under 0 or
+    // above 1,000,000 : under 0 just means it's very bad to commit, and above 1,000,000 means
+    // we are very confident.
+    // Expected space count is 1 ~ 5
+    static const int MIN_EXPECTED_SPACE_COUNT = 1;
+    static const int MAX_EXPECTED_SPACE_COUNT = 5;
+    // Expected length is about 4 ~ 30
+    static const int MIN_EXPECTED_LENGTH = 4;
+    static const int MAX_EXPECTED_LENGTH = 30;
+    // Expected distance is about 0.2 ~ 2.0, but consider 0.0 ~ 2.0
+    static const float MIN_EXPECTED_DISTANCE = 0.0;
+    static const float MAX_EXPECTED_DISTANCE = 2.0;
+    // This is not strict: it's where most stuff will be falling, but it's still fine if it's
+    // outside these values. We want to output a value that reflects all of these. Each factor
+    // contributes a bit.
+
+    // We need at least a space.
+    if (spaceCount < 1) return NOT_A_FIRST_WORD_CONFIDENCE;
+
+    // The smaller the edit distance, the higher the contribution. MIN_EXPECTED_DISTANCE means 0
+    // contribution, while MAX_EXPECTED_DISTANCE means full contribution according to the
+    // weight of the distance. Clamp to avoid overflows.
+    const float clampedDistance = distance < MIN_EXPECTED_DISTANCE ? MIN_EXPECTED_DISTANCE
+            : distance > MAX_EXPECTED_DISTANCE ? MAX_EXPECTED_DISTANCE : distance;
+    const int distanceContribution = DISTANCE_WEIGHT_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT
+            * (MAX_EXPECTED_DISTANCE - clampedDistance)
+            / (MAX_EXPECTED_DISTANCE - MIN_EXPECTED_DISTANCE);
+    // The larger the suggestion length, the larger the contribution. MIN_EXPECTED_LENGTH is no
+    // contribution, MAX_EXPECTED_LENGTH is full contribution according to the weight of the
+    // length. Length is guaranteed to be between 1 and 48, so we don't need to clamp.
+    const int lengthContribution = LENGTH_WEIGHT_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT
+            * (length - MIN_EXPECTED_LENGTH) / (MAX_EXPECTED_LENGTH - MIN_EXPECTED_LENGTH);
+    // The more spaces, the larger the contribution. MIN_EXPECTED_SPACE_COUNT space is no
+    // contribution, MAX_EXPECTED_SPACE_COUNT spaces is full contribution according to the
+    // weight of the space count.
+    const int spaceContribution = SPACE_COUNT_WEIGHT_FOR_AUTO_COMMIT
+            * (spaceCount - MIN_EXPECTED_SPACE_COUNT)
+            / (MAX_EXPECTED_SPACE_COUNT - MIN_EXPECTED_SPACE_COUNT);
+
+    return distanceContribution + lengthContribution + spaceContribution;
 }
 
 /**
@@ -395,7 +445,7 @@
     if (!dicNode->isTerminalWordNode()) {
         return;
     }
-    if (dicNode->shouldBeFilterdBySafetyNetForBigram()) {
+    if (dicNode->shouldBeFilteredBySafetyNetForBigram()) {
         return;
     }
     // Create a non-cached node here.
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/suggest.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/suggest.h
index 0e8bd11..b20343d 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/suggest.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/suggest.h
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
     int outputSuggestions(DicTraverseSession *traverseSession, int *frequencies,
             int *outputCodePoints, int *outputIndicesToPartialCommit, int *outputTypes,
             int *outputAutoCommitFirstWordConfidence) const;
-    int computeFirstWordConfidence() const;
+    int computeFirstWordConfidence(const DicNode *const terminalDicNode) const;
     void initializeSearch(DicTraverseSession *traverseSession, int commitPoint) const;
     void expandCurrentDicNodes(DicTraverseSession *traverseSession) const;
     void processTerminalDicNode(DicTraverseSession *traverseSession, DicNode *dicNode) const;
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_policy.cpp b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_policy.cpp
index 0d8c927..a5a42ea 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_policy.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_policy.cpp
@@ -33,12 +33,16 @@
 
 namespace latinime {
 
+// Note that these are corresponding definitions in Java side in BinaryDictionaryTests and
+// BinaryDictionaryDecayingTests.
 const char *const DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy::UNIGRAM_COUNT_QUERY = "UNIGRAM_COUNT";
 const char *const DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy::BIGRAM_COUNT_QUERY = "BIGRAM_COUNT";
+const char *const DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy::SET_NEEDS_TO_DECAY_FOR_TESTING_QUERY =
+        "SET_NEEDS_TO_DECAY_FOR_TESTING";
 const int DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy::MAX_DICT_EXTENDED_REGION_SIZE = 1024 * 1024;
 const int DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy::MIN_DICT_SIZE_TO_REFUSE_DYNAMIC_OPERATIONS =
         DynamicPatriciaTrieWritingHelper::MAX_DICTIONARY_SIZE - 1024;
-const int DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy::MIN_SECONDS_TO_REQUIRE_GC_WHEN_WRITING = 2 * 60 * 60;
+const int DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy::DECAY_INTERVAL_FOR_DECAYING_DICTS = 2 * 60 * 60;
 
 void DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy::createAndGetAllChildNodes(const DicNode *const dicNode,
         DicNodeVector *const childDicNodes) const {
@@ -301,7 +305,7 @@
         return;
     }
     DynamicPatriciaTrieWritingHelper writingHelper(&mBufferWithExtendableBuffer,
-            &mBigramListPolicy, &mShortcutListPolicy, mHeaderPolicy.isDecayingDict());
+            &mBigramListPolicy, &mShortcutListPolicy, false /* needsToDecay */);
     writingHelper.writeToDictFile(filePath, &mHeaderPolicy, mUnigramCount, mBigramCount);
 }
 
@@ -310,9 +314,15 @@
         AKLOGI("Warning: flushWithGC() is called for non-updatable dictionary.");
         return;
     }
+    const bool runGCwithDecay = needsToDecay();
+    DynamicBigramListPolicy bigramListPolicyForGC(&mBufferWithExtendableBuffer,
+            &mShortcutListPolicy, runGCwithDecay);
     DynamicPatriciaTrieWritingHelper writingHelper(&mBufferWithExtendableBuffer,
-            &mBigramListPolicy, &mShortcutListPolicy, mHeaderPolicy.isDecayingDict());
+            &bigramListPolicyForGC, &mShortcutListPolicy, runGCwithDecay);
     writingHelper.writeToDictFileWithGC(getRootPosition(), filePath, &mHeaderPolicy);
+    if (runGCwithDecay) {
+        mNeedsToDecayForTesting = false;
+    }
 }
 
 bool DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy::needsToRunGC(const bool mindsBlockByGC) const {
@@ -340,8 +350,7 @@
         } else if (mBigramCount >= DecayingUtils::MAX_BIGRAM_COUNT) {
             // Bigram count exceeds the limit.
             return true;
-        } else if (mindsBlockByGC && mHeaderPolicy.getLastUpdatedTime()
-                + MIN_SECONDS_TO_REQUIRE_GC_WHEN_WRITING < time(0)) {
+        } else if (mindsBlockByGC && needsToDecay()) {
             // Time to update probabilities for decaying.
             return true;
         }
@@ -350,12 +359,19 @@
 }
 
 void DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy::getProperty(const char *const query, char *const outResult,
-        const int maxResultLength) const {
+        const int maxResultLength) {
     if (strncmp(query, UNIGRAM_COUNT_QUERY, maxResultLength) == 0) {
         snprintf(outResult, maxResultLength, "%d", mUnigramCount);
     } else if (strncmp(query, BIGRAM_COUNT_QUERY, maxResultLength) == 0) {
         snprintf(outResult, maxResultLength, "%d", mBigramCount);
+    } else if (strncmp(query, SET_NEEDS_TO_DECAY_FOR_TESTING_QUERY, maxResultLength) == 0) {
+        mNeedsToDecayForTesting = true;
     }
 }
 
+bool DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy::needsToDecay() const {
+    return mHeaderPolicy.isDecayingDict() && (mNeedsToDecayForTesting
+            || mHeaderPolicy.getLastDecayedTime() + DECAY_INTERVAL_FOR_DECAYING_DICTS < time(0));
+}
+
 } // namespace latinime
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_policy.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_policy.h
index d3150c6..c3bbe99 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_policy.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_policy.h
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
               mBigramListPolicy(&mBufferWithExtendableBuffer, &mShortcutListPolicy,
                       mHeaderPolicy.isDecayingDict()),
               mUnigramCount(mHeaderPolicy.getUnigramCount()),
-              mBigramCount(mHeaderPolicy.getBigramCount()) {}
+              mBigramCount(mHeaderPolicy.getBigramCount()), mNeedsToDecayForTesting(false) {}
 
     ~DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy() {
         delete mBuffer;
@@ -95,16 +95,17 @@
     bool needsToRunGC(const bool mindsBlockByGC) const;
 
     void getProperty(const char *const query, char *const outResult,
-            const int maxResultLength) const;
+            const int maxResultLength);
 
  private:
     DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy);
 
-    static const char*const UNIGRAM_COUNT_QUERY;
-    static const char*const BIGRAM_COUNT_QUERY;
+    static const char *const UNIGRAM_COUNT_QUERY;
+    static const char *const BIGRAM_COUNT_QUERY;
+    static const char *const SET_NEEDS_TO_DECAY_FOR_TESTING_QUERY;
     static const int MAX_DICT_EXTENDED_REGION_SIZE;
     static const int MIN_DICT_SIZE_TO_REFUSE_DYNAMIC_OPERATIONS;
-    static const int MIN_SECONDS_TO_REQUIRE_GC_WHEN_WRITING;
+    static const int DECAY_INTERVAL_FOR_DECAYING_DICTS;
 
     const MmappedBuffer *const mBuffer;
     const HeaderPolicy mHeaderPolicy;
@@ -113,6 +114,9 @@
     DynamicBigramListPolicy mBigramListPolicy;
     int mUnigramCount;
     int mBigramCount;
+    int mNeedsToDecayForTesting;
+
+    bool needsToDecay() const;
 };
 } // namespace latinime
 #endif // LATINIME_DYNAMIC_PATRICIA_TRIE_POLICY_H
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_writing_helper.cpp b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_writing_helper.cpp
index 28124d2..db6d48f 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_writing_helper.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_writing_helper.cpp
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
     const int extendedRegionSize = headerPolicy->getExtendedRegionSize() +
             mBuffer->getUsedAdditionalBufferSize();
     if (!headerPolicy->writeHeaderToBuffer(&headerBuffer, false /* updatesLastUpdatedTime */,
-            unigramCount, bigramCount, extendedRegionSize)) {
+            false /* updatesLastDecayedTime */, unigramCount, bigramCount, extendedRegionSize)) {
         return;
     }
     DictFileWritingUtils::flushAllHeaderAndBodyToFile(fileName, &headerBuffer, mBuffer);
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@
     }
     BufferWithExtendableBuffer headerBuffer(0 /* originalBuffer */, 0 /* originalBufferSize */);
     if (!headerPolicy->writeHeaderToBuffer(&headerBuffer, true /* updatesLastUpdatedTime */,
-            unigramCount, bigramCount, 0 /* extendedRegionSize */)) {
+            mNeedsToDecay, unigramCount, bigramCount, 0 /* extendedRegionSize */)) {
         return;
     }
     DictFileWritingUtils::flushAllHeaderAndBodyToFile(fileName, &headerBuffer, &newDictBuffer);
@@ -488,12 +488,12 @@
     DynamicPatriciaTrieGcEventListeners
             ::TraversePolicyToUpdateUnigramProbabilityAndMarkUselessPtNodesAsDeleted
                     traversePolicyToUpdateUnigramProbabilityAndMarkUselessPtNodesAsDeleted(
-                            this, mBuffer, mIsDecayingDict);
+                            this, mBuffer, mNeedsToDecay);
     if (!readingHelper.traverseAllPtNodesInPostorderDepthFirstManner(
             &traversePolicyToUpdateUnigramProbabilityAndMarkUselessPtNodesAsDeleted)) {
         return false;
     }
-    if (mIsDecayingDict && traversePolicyToUpdateUnigramProbabilityAndMarkUselessPtNodesAsDeleted
+    if (mNeedsToDecay && traversePolicyToUpdateUnigramProbabilityAndMarkUselessPtNodesAsDeleted
             .getValidUnigramCount() > DecayingUtils::MAX_UNIGRAM_COUNT_AFTER_GC) {
         // TODO: Remove more unigrams.
     }
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    if (mIsDecayingDict && traversePolicyToUpdateBigramProbability.getValidBigramEntryCount()
+    if (mNeedsToDecay && traversePolicyToUpdateBigramProbability.getValidBigramEntryCount()
             > DecayingUtils::MAX_BIGRAM_COUNT_AFTER_GC) {
         // TODO: Remove more bigrams.
     }
@@ -525,7 +525,7 @@
     // Create policy instance for the GCed dictionary.
     DynamicShortcutListPolicy newDictShortcutPolicy(bufferToWrite);
     DynamicBigramListPolicy newDictBigramPolicy(bufferToWrite, &newDictShortcutPolicy,
-            mIsDecayingDict);
+            mNeedsToDecay);
     // Create reading helper for the GCed dictionary.
     DynamicPatriciaTrieReadingHelper newDictReadingHelper(bufferToWrite, &newDictBigramPolicy,
             &newDictShortcutPolicy);
@@ -544,7 +544,7 @@
 
 int DynamicPatriciaTrieWritingHelper::getUpdatedProbability(const int originalProbability,
         const int newProbability) {
-    if (mIsDecayingDict) {
+    if (mNeedsToDecay) {
         return DecayingUtils::getUpdatedUnigramProbability(originalProbability, newProbability);
     } else {
         return newProbability;
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_writing_helper.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_writing_helper.h
index ecee2cd..0caf291 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_writing_helper.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/dynamic_patricia_trie_writing_helper.h
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@
 
     DynamicPatriciaTrieWritingHelper(BufferWithExtendableBuffer *const buffer,
             DynamicBigramListPolicy *const bigramPolicy,
-            DynamicShortcutListPolicy *const shortcutPolicy, const bool isDecayingDict)
+            DynamicShortcutListPolicy *const shortcutPolicy, const bool needsToDecay)
             : mBuffer(buffer), mBigramPolicy(bigramPolicy), mShortcutPolicy(shortcutPolicy),
-              mIsDecayingDict(isDecayingDict) {}
+              mNeedsToDecay(needsToDecay) {}
 
     ~DynamicPatriciaTrieWritingHelper() {}
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
     BufferWithExtendableBuffer *const mBuffer;
     DynamicBigramListPolicy *const mBigramPolicy;
     DynamicShortcutListPolicy *const mShortcutPolicy;
-    const bool mIsDecayingDict;
+    const bool mNeedsToDecay;
 
     bool markNodeAsMovedAndSetPosition(const DynamicPatriciaTrieNodeReader *const nodeToUpdate,
             const int movedPos, const int bigramLinkedNodePos);
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/header/header_policy.cpp b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/header/header_policy.cpp
index 9ce9994..eb072fb 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/header/header_policy.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/header/header_policy.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 // TODO: Change attribute string to "IS_DECAYING_DICT".
 const char *const HeaderPolicy::IS_DECAYING_DICT_KEY = "USES_FORGETTING_CURVE";
 const char *const HeaderPolicy::LAST_UPDATED_TIME_KEY = "date";
+const char *const HeaderPolicy::LAST_DECAYED_TIME_KEY = "LAST_DECAYED_TIME";
 const char *const HeaderPolicy::UNIGRAM_COUNT_KEY = "UNIGRAM_COUNT";
 const char *const HeaderPolicy::BIGRAM_COUNT_KEY = "BIGRAM_COUNT";
 const char *const HeaderPolicy::EXTENDED_REGION_SIZE_KEY = "EXTENDED_REGION_SIZE";
@@ -63,8 +64,8 @@
 }
 
 bool HeaderPolicy::writeHeaderToBuffer(BufferWithExtendableBuffer *const bufferToWrite,
-        const bool updatesLastUpdatedTime, const int unigramCount, const int bigramCount,
-        const int extendedRegionSize) const {
+        const bool updatesLastUpdatedTime, const bool updatesLastDecayedTime,
+        const int unigramCount, const int bigramCount, const int extendedRegionSize) const {
     int writingPos = 0;
     if (!HeaderReadWriteUtils::writeDictionaryVersion(bufferToWrite, mDictFormatVersion,
             &writingPos)) {
@@ -90,6 +91,11 @@
         HeaderReadWriteUtils::setIntAttribute(&attributeMapTowrite, LAST_UPDATED_TIME_KEY,
                 time(0));
     }
+    if (updatesLastDecayedTime) {
+        // Set current time as a last updated time.
+        HeaderReadWriteUtils::setIntAttribute(&attributeMapTowrite, LAST_DECAYED_TIME_KEY,
+                time(0));
+    }
     if (!HeaderReadWriteUtils::writeHeaderAttributes(bufferToWrite, &attributeMapTowrite,
             &writingPos)) {
         return false;
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/header/header_policy.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/header/header_policy.h
index 4261667..a9c7805 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/header/header_policy.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/header/header_policy.h
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@
                       IS_DECAYING_DICT_KEY, false /* defaultValue */)),
               mLastUpdatedTime(HeaderReadWriteUtils::readIntAttributeValue(&mAttributeMap,
                       LAST_UPDATED_TIME_KEY, time(0) /* defaultValue */)),
+              mLastDecayedTime(HeaderReadWriteUtils::readIntAttributeValue(&mAttributeMap,
+                      LAST_DECAYED_TIME_KEY, time(0) /* defaultValue */)),
               mUnigramCount(HeaderReadWriteUtils::readIntAttributeValue(&mAttributeMap,
                       UNIGRAM_COUNT_KEY, 0 /* defaultValue */)),
               mBigramCount(HeaderReadWriteUtils::readIntAttributeValue(&mAttributeMap,
@@ -58,6 +60,8 @@
                       IS_DECAYING_DICT_KEY, false /* defaultValue */)),
               mLastUpdatedTime(HeaderReadWriteUtils::readIntAttributeValue(&mAttributeMap,
                       LAST_UPDATED_TIME_KEY, time(0) /* defaultValue */)),
+              mLastDecayedTime(HeaderReadWriteUtils::readIntAttributeValue(&mAttributeMap,
+                      LAST_UPDATED_TIME_KEY, time(0) /* defaultValue */)),
               mUnigramCount(0), mBigramCount(0), mExtendedRegionSize(0) {}
 
     ~HeaderPolicy() {}
@@ -90,6 +94,10 @@
         return mLastUpdatedTime;
     }
 
+    AK_FORCE_INLINE int getLastDecayedTime() const {
+        return mLastDecayedTime;
+    }
+
     AK_FORCE_INLINE int getUnigramCount() const {
         return mUnigramCount;
     }
@@ -106,8 +114,8 @@
             int *outValue, int outValueSize) const;
 
     bool writeHeaderToBuffer(BufferWithExtendableBuffer *const bufferToWrite,
-            const bool updatesLastUpdatedTime, const int unigramCount,
-            const int bigramCount, const int extendedRegionSize) const;
+            const bool updatesLastUpdatedTime, const bool updatesLastDecayedTime,
+            const int unigramCount, const int bigramCount, const int extendedRegionSize) const;
 
  private:
     DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(HeaderPolicy);
@@ -115,6 +123,7 @@
     static const char *const MULTIPLE_WORDS_DEMOTION_RATE_KEY;
     static const char *const IS_DECAYING_DICT_KEY;
     static const char *const LAST_UPDATED_TIME_KEY;
+    static const char *const LAST_DECAYED_TIME_KEY;
     static const char *const UNIGRAM_COUNT_KEY;
     static const char *const BIGRAM_COUNT_KEY;
     static const char *const EXTENDED_REGION_SIZE_KEY;
@@ -128,6 +137,7 @@
     const float mMultiWordCostMultiplier;
     const bool mIsDecayingDict;
     const int mLastUpdatedTime;
+    const int mLastDecayedTime;
     const int mUnigramCount;
     const int mBigramCount;
     const int mExtendedRegionSize;
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/patricia_trie_policy.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/patricia_trie_policy.h
index 8d88c68..0f8662a 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/patricia_trie_policy.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/patricia_trie_policy.h
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
     }
 
     void getProperty(const char *const query, char *const outResult,
-            const int maxResultLength) const {
+            const int maxResultLength) {
         // getProperty is not supported for this class.
         if (maxResultLength > 0) {
             outResult[0] = '\0';
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/utils/dict_file_writing_utils.cpp b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/utils/dict_file_writing_utils.cpp
index f22e94c..994826f 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/utils/dict_file_writing_utils.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/dictionary/utils/dict_file_writing_utils.cpp
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@
     BufferWithExtendableBuffer headerBuffer(0 /* originalBuffer */, 0 /* originalBufferSize */);
     HeaderPolicy headerPolicy(FormatUtils::VERSION_3, attributeMap);
     headerPolicy.writeHeaderToBuffer(&headerBuffer, true /* updatesLastUpdatedTime */,
-            0 /* unigramCount */, 0 /* bigramCount */, 0 /* extendedRegionSize */);
+            true /* updatesLastDecayedTime */, 0 /* unigramCount */, 0 /* bigramCount */,
+            0 /* extendedRegionSize */);
     BufferWithExtendableBuffer bodyBuffer(0 /* originalBuffer */, 0 /* originalBufferSize */);
     if (!DynamicPatriciaTrieWritingUtils::writeEmptyDictionary(&bodyBuffer, 0 /* rootPos */)) {
         return false;
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/typing/typing_traversal.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/typing/typing_traversal.h
index 89e53f4..007c19e 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/typing/typing_traversal.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/policyimpl/typing/typing_traversal.h
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
         }
         const int16_t pointIndex = dicNode->getInputIndex(0);
         return pointIndex <= inputSize && !dicNode->isTotalInputSizeExceedingLimit()
-                && !dicNode->shouldBeFilterdBySafetyNetForBigram();
+                && !dicNode->shouldBeFilteredBySafetyNetForBigram();
     }
 
     AK_FORCE_INLINE bool shouldDepthLevelCache(
diff --git a/native/jni/src/utils/char_utils.h b/native/jni/src/utils/char_utils.h
index 2e735a8..41663c8 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/utils/char_utils.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/utils/char_utils.h
@@ -75,6 +75,16 @@
         return c;
     }
 
+    static AK_FORCE_INLINE int getSpaceCount(const int *const codePointBuffer, const int length) {
+        int spaceCount = 0;
+        for (int i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+            if (codePointBuffer[i] == KEYCODE_SPACE) {
+                ++spaceCount;
+            }
+        }
+        return spaceCount;
+    }
+
     static unsigned short latin_tolower(const unsigned short c);
 
  private:
diff --git a/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/BinaryDictionaryDecayingTests.java b/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/BinaryDictionaryDecayingTests.java
index cf85d97..8a439fc 100644
--- a/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/BinaryDictionaryDecayingTests.java
+++ b/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/BinaryDictionaryDecayingTests.java
@@ -32,6 +32,11 @@
     private static final String TEST_DICT_FILE_EXTENSION = ".testDict";
     private static final String TEST_LOCALE = "test";
 
+    // Note that these are corresponding definitions in native code in
+    // latinime::DynamicPatriciaTriePolicy.
+    private static final String SET_NEEDS_TO_DECAY_FOR_TESTING_KEY =
+            "SET_NEEDS_TO_DECAY_FOR_TESTING";
+
     private static final int DUMMY_PROBABILITY = 0;
 
     @Override
@@ -45,6 +50,7 @@
     }
 
     private void forcePassingShortTime(final BinaryDictionary binaryDictionary) {
+        binaryDictionary.getPropertyForTests(SET_NEEDS_TO_DECAY_FOR_TESTING_KEY);
         binaryDictionary.flushWithGC();
     }
 
@@ -53,6 +59,7 @@
         // typed in 32 GCs are removed.
         final int count = 32;
         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+            binaryDictionary.getPropertyForTests(SET_NEEDS_TO_DECAY_FOR_TESTING_KEY);
             binaryDictionary.flushWithGC();
         }
     }
diff --git a/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-ca/donottranslate-more-keys.xml b/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-ca/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
index 9728c99..4cf7424 100644
--- a/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-ca/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
+++ b/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-ca/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
     <string name="more_keys_for_l">l&#x00B7;l,&#x0142;</string>
     <!-- U+00B7: "·" MIDDLE DOT -->
     <string name="more_keys_for_punctuation">"!fixedColumnOrder!4,&#x00B7;,!,\\,,\?,:,;,\@"</string>
-    <string name="more_keys_for_tablet_period">\?,&#x00B7;</string>
+    <string name="more_keys_for_period">\?,&#x00B7;</string>
     <!-- U+00E7: "ç" LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA -->
     <string name="keylabel_for_spanish_row2_10">&#x00E7;</string>
 </resources>
diff --git a/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-es/donottranslate-more-keys.xml b/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-es/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
index 8494296..8e6b4ee 100644
--- a/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-es/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
+++ b/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-es/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
     <!-- U+00A1: "¡" INVERTED EXCLAMATION MARK -->
     <string name="more_keys_for_tablet_comma">"!,&#x00A1;"</string>
     <!-- U+00BF: "¿" INVERTED QUESTION MARK -->
-    <string name="more_keys_for_tablet_period">"\?,&#x00BF;"</string>
+    <string name="more_keys_for_period">"\?,&#x00BF;"</string>
     <string name="keylabel_for_apostrophe">\"</string>
     <string name="keyhintlabel_for_apostrophe">\'</string>
     <string name="more_keys_for_apostrophe">\'</string>
diff --git a/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-fa/donottranslate-more-keys.xml b/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-fa/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
index 5a03c80..ab4fbda 100644
--- a/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-fa/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
+++ b/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-fa/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
@@ -81,8 +81,8 @@
     <string name="keylabel_for_tablet_comma">"&#x060C;"</string>
     <string name="keyhintlabel_for_tablet_comma">"!"</string>
     <string name="more_keys_for_tablet_comma">"!,\\,"</string>
-    <string name="keyhintlabel_for_tablet_period">"&#x061F;"</string>
-    <string name="more_keys_for_tablet_period">"&#x061F;,\?"</string>
+    <string name="keyhintlabel_for_period">"&#x061F;"</string>
+    <string name="more_keys_for_period">"&#x061F;,\?"</string>
     <string name="keylabel_for_apostrophe">&#x060C;</string>
     <string name="keyhintlabel_for_apostrophe">&#x061F;</string>
     <string name="more_keys_for_apostrophe">"!fixedColumnOrder!4,:,!,&#x061F;,&#x061B;,-,/,&#x00AB;|&#x00BB;,&#x00BB;|&#x00AB;"</string>
diff --git a/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-iw/donottranslate-more-keys.xml b/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-iw/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
index feaed4c..a163331 100644
--- a/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-iw/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
+++ b/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values-iw/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
@@ -55,6 +55,6 @@
     <string name="keylabel_for_currency">&#x20AA;</string>
     <string name="keyhintlabel_for_tablet_comma">!</string>
     <string name="more_keys_for_tablet_comma">!</string>
-    <string name="keyhintlabel_for_tablet_period">\?</string>
-    <string name="more_keys_for_tablet_period">\?</string>
+    <string name="keyhintlabel_for_period">\?</string>
+    <string name="more_keys_for_period">\?</string>
 </resources>
diff --git a/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values/donottranslate-more-keys.xml b/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
index cc09f7f..44aa64c 100644
--- a/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
+++ b/tools/make-keyboard-text/res/values/donottranslate-more-keys.xml
@@ -169,9 +169,9 @@
     <string name="keylabel_for_tablet_comma">,</string>
     <string name="keyhintlabel_for_tablet_comma"></string>
     <string name="more_keys_for_tablet_comma"></string>
-    <string name="keyhintlabel_for_tablet_period"></string>
+    <string name="keyhintlabel_for_period"></string>
     <!-- U+2026: "…" HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS -->
-    <string name="more_keys_for_tablet_period">&#x2026;</string>
+    <string name="more_keys_for_period">&#x2026;</string>
     <string name="keylabel_for_apostrophe">\'</string>
     <string name="keyhintlabel_for_apostrophe">\"</string>
     <string name="more_keys_for_apostrophe">\"</string>