diff --git a/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeySpecParserBase.java b/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeySpecParserBase.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aecef23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeySpecParserBase.java
@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.inputmethod.keyboard.internal;
+
+import static com.android.inputmethod.keyboard.internal.KeyboardCodesSet.PREFIX_CODE;
+import static com.android.inputmethod.keyboard.internal.KeyboardIconsSet.ICON_UNDEFINED;
+import static com.android.inputmethod.keyboard.internal.KeyboardIconsSet.PREFIX_ICON;
+import static com.android.inputmethod.latin.Constants.CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT;
+import static com.android.inputmethod.latin.Constants.CODE_UNSPECIFIED;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.res.Resources;
+import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
+
+import com.android.inputmethod.latin.utils.RunInLocale;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+abstract class KeySpecParserBase extends AndroidTestCase {
+    private final static Locale TEST_LOCALE = Locale.ENGLISH;
+    protected final KeyboardCodesSet mCodesSet = new KeyboardCodesSet();
+    protected final KeyboardTextsSet mTextsSet = new KeyboardTextsSet();
+
+    private static final String CODE_SETTINGS_NAME = "key_settings";
+    private static final String CODE_SETTINGS = PREFIX_CODE + CODE_SETTINGS_NAME;
+    private static final String ICON_SETTINGS_NAME = "settings_key";
+    private static final String ICON_SETTINGS = PREFIX_ICON + ICON_SETTINGS_NAME;
+    private static final String CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE = CODE_SETTINGS.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
+    private static final String ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE = ICON_SETTINGS.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
+    private static final String CODE_NON_EXISTING = PREFIX_CODE + "non_existing";
+    private static final String ICON_NON_EXISTING = PREFIX_ICON + "non_existing";
+
+    private int mCodeSettings;
+    private int mCodeActionNext;
+    private int mSettingsIconId;
+
+    @Override
+    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
+        super.setUp();
+
+        final String language = TEST_LOCALE.getLanguage();
+        mCodesSet.setLanguage(language);
+        mTextsSet.setLanguage(language);
+        final Context context = getContext();
+        new RunInLocale<Void>() {
+            @Override
+            protected Void job(final Resources res) {
+                mTextsSet.loadStringResources(context);
+                return null;
+            }
+        }.runInLocale(context.getResources(), TEST_LOCALE);
+
+        mCodeSettings = mCodesSet.getCode(CODE_SETTINGS_NAME);
+        mCodeActionNext = mCodesSet.getCode("key_action_next");
+        mSettingsIconId = KeyboardIconsSet.getIconId(ICON_SETTINGS_NAME);
+    }
+
+    abstract protected void assertParser(final String message, final String keySpec,
+            final String expectedLabel, final String expectedOutputText, final int expectedIcon,
+            final int expectedCode);
+
+    protected void assertParserError(final String message, final String keySpec,
+            final String expectedLabel, final String expectedOutputText, final int expectedIconId,
+            final int expectedCode) {
+        try {
+            assertParser(message, keySpec, expectedLabel, expectedOutputText, expectedIconId,
+                    expectedCode);
+            fail(message);
+        } catch (Exception pcpe) {
+            // success.
+        }
+    }
+
+    // \U001d11e: MUSICAL SYMBOL G CLEF
+    private static final String SURROGATE_PAIR1 = "\ud834\udd1e";
+    private static final int SURROGATE_CODE1 = SURROGATE_PAIR1.codePointAt(0);
+    // \U001d122: MUSICAL SYMBOL F CLEF
+    private static final String SURROGATE_PAIR2 = "\ud834\udd22";
+    private static final int SURROGATE_CODE2 = SURROGATE_PAIR2.codePointAt(0);
+    // \U002f8a6: CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8A6; variant character of \u6148.
+    private static final String SURROGATE_PAIR3 = "\ud87e\udca6";
+    private static final String SURROGATE_PAIRS4 = SURROGATE_PAIR1 + SURROGATE_PAIR2;
+    private static final String SURROGATE_PAIRS5 = SURROGATE_PAIRS4 + SURROGATE_PAIR3;
+
+    public void testSingleLetter() {
+        assertParser("Single letter", "a",
+                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, 'a');
+        assertParser("Single surrogate", SURROGATE_PAIR1,
+                SURROGATE_PAIR1, null, ICON_UNDEFINED, SURROGATE_CODE1);
+        assertParser("Single escaped bar", "\\|",
+                "|", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, '|');
+        assertParser("Single escaped escape", "\\\\",
+                "\\", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, '\\');
+        assertParser("Single comma", ",",
+                ",", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, ',');
+        assertParser("Single escaped comma", "\\,",
+                ",", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, ',');
+        assertParser("Single escaped letter", "\\a",
+                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, 'a');
+        assertParser("Single escaped surrogate", "\\" + SURROGATE_PAIR2,
+                SURROGATE_PAIR2, null, ICON_UNDEFINED, SURROGATE_CODE2);
+        assertParser("Single bang", "!",
+                "!", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, '!');
+        assertParser("Single escaped bang", "\\!",
+                "!", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, '!');
+        assertParser("Single output text letter", "a|a",
+                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, 'a');
+        assertParser("Single surrogate pair outputText", "G Clef|" + SURROGATE_PAIR1,
+                "G Clef", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, SURROGATE_CODE1);
+        assertParser("Single letter with outputText", "a|abc",
+                "a", "abc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Single letter with surrogate outputText", "a|" + SURROGATE_PAIRS4,
+                "a", SURROGATE_PAIRS4, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Single surrogate with outputText", SURROGATE_PAIR3 + "|abc",
+                SURROGATE_PAIR3, "abc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Single letter with escaped outputText", "a|a\\|c",
+                "a", "a|c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Single letter with escaped surrogate outputText",
+                "a|" + SURROGATE_PAIR1 + "\\|" + SURROGATE_PAIR2,
+                "a", SURROGATE_PAIR1 + "|" + SURROGATE_PAIR2, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Single letter with comma outputText", "a|a,b",
+                "a", "a,b", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Single letter with escaped comma outputText", "a|a\\,b",
+                "a", "a,b", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Single letter with outputText starts with bang", "a|!bc",
+                "a", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Single letter with surrogate outputText starts with bang",
+                "a|!" + SURROGATE_PAIRS5,
+                "a", "!" + SURROGATE_PAIRS5, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Single letter with outputText contains bang", "a|a!c",
+                "a", "a!c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Single letter with escaped bang outputText", "a|\\!bc",
+                "a", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Single escaped escape with single outputText", "\\\\|\\\\",
+                "\\", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, '\\');
+        assertParser("Single escaped bar with single outputText", "\\||\\|",
+                "|", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, '|');
+        assertParser("Single letter with code", "a|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
+                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
+    }
+
+    public void testLabel() {
+        assertParser("Simple label", "abc",
+                "abc", "abc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Simple surrogate label", SURROGATE_PAIRS4,
+                SURROGATE_PAIRS4, SURROGATE_PAIRS4, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with escaped bar", "a\\|c",
+                "a|c", "a|c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Surrogate label with escaped bar", SURROGATE_PAIR1 + "\\|" + SURROGATE_PAIR2,
+                SURROGATE_PAIR1 + "|" + SURROGATE_PAIR2, SURROGATE_PAIR1 + "|" + SURROGATE_PAIR2,
+                ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with escaped escape", "a\\\\c",
+                "a\\c", "a\\c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with comma", "a,c",
+                "a,c", "a,c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with escaped comma", "a\\,c",
+                "a,c", "a,c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label starts with bang", "!bc",
+                "!bc", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Surrogate label starts with bang", "!" + SURROGATE_PAIRS4,
+                "!" + SURROGATE_PAIRS4, "!" + SURROGATE_PAIRS4, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label contains bang", "a!c",
+                "a!c", "a!c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with escaped bang", "\\!bc",
+                "!bc", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with escaped letter", "\\abc",
+                "abc", "abc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with outputText", "abc|def",
+                "abc", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with comma and outputText", "a,c|def",
+                "a,c", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Escaped comma label with outputText", "a\\,c|def",
+                "a,c", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Escaped label with outputText", "a\\|c|def",
+                "a|c", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with escaped bar outputText", "abc|d\\|f",
+                "abc", "d|f", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Escaped escape label with outputText", "a\\\\|def",
+                "a\\", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label starts with bang and outputText", "!bc|def",
+                "!bc", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label contains bang label and outputText", "a!c|def",
+                "a!c", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Escaped bang label with outputText", "\\!bc|def",
+                "!bc", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with comma outputText", "abc|a,b",
+                "abc", "a,b", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with escaped comma outputText", "abc|a\\,b",
+                "abc", "a,b", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with outputText starts with bang", "abc|!bc",
+                "abc", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with outputText contains bang", "abc|a!c",
+                "abc", "a!c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with escaped bang outputText", "abc|\\!bc",
+                "abc", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with escaped bar outputText", "abc|d\\|f",
+                "abc", "d|f", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Escaped bar label with escaped bar outputText", "a\\|c|d\\|f",
+                "a|c", "d|f", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with code", "abc|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
+                "abc", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
+        assertParser("Escaped label with code", "a\\|c|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
+                "a|c", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
+    }
+
+    public void testIcons() {
+        assertParser("Icon with single letter", ICON_SETTINGS + "|a",
+                null, null, mSettingsIconId, 'a');
+        assertParser("Icon with outputText", ICON_SETTINGS + "|abc",
+                null, "abc", mSettingsIconId, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Icon with outputText starts with bang", ICON_SETTINGS + "|!bc",
+                null, "!bc", mSettingsIconId, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Icon with outputText contains bang", ICON_SETTINGS + "|a!c",
+                null, "a!c", mSettingsIconId, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Icon with escaped bang outputText", ICON_SETTINGS + "|\\!bc",
+                null, "!bc", mSettingsIconId, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label starts with bang and code", "!bc|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
+                "!bc", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
+        assertParser("Label contains bang and code", "a!c|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
+                "a!c", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
+        assertParser("Escaped bang label with code", "\\!bc|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
+                "!bc", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
+        assertParser("Icon with code", ICON_SETTINGS + "|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
+                null, null, mSettingsIconId, mCodeSettings);
+    }
+
+    public void testResourceReference() {
+        assertParser("Settings as more key", "!text/settings_as_more_key",
+                null, null, mSettingsIconId, mCodeSettings);
+
+        assertParser("Action next as more key", "!text/label_next_key|!code/key_action_next",
+                "Next", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeActionNext);
+
+        assertParser("Popular domain",
+                "!text/keylabel_for_popular_domain|!text/keylabel_for_popular_domain ",
+                ".com", ".com ", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+    }
+
+    public void testFormatError() {
+        assertParserError("Empty spec", "", null,
+                null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        assertParserError("Empty label with outputText", "|a",
+                null, "a", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        assertParserError("Empty label with code", "|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
+                null, null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
+        assertParserError("Empty outputText with label", "a|",
+                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        assertParserError("Empty outputText with icon", ICON_SETTINGS + "|",
+                null, null, mSettingsIconId, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        assertParserError("Empty icon and code", "|",
+                null, null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        assertParserError("Icon without code", ICON_SETTINGS,
+                null, null, mSettingsIconId, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        assertParserError("Non existing icon", ICON_NON_EXISTING + "|abc",
+                null, "abc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParserError("Non existing code", "abc|" + CODE_NON_EXISTING,
+                "abc", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        assertParserError("Third bar at end", "a|b|",
+                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        assertParserError("Multiple bar", "a|b|c",
+                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        assertParserError("Multiple bar with label and code", "a|" + CODE_SETTINGS + "|c",
+                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
+        assertParserError("Multiple bar with icon and outputText", ICON_SETTINGS + "|b|c",
+                null, null, mSettingsIconId, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        assertParserError("Multiple bar with icon and code",
+                ICON_SETTINGS + "|" + CODE_SETTINGS + "|c",
+                null, null, mSettingsIconId, mCodeSettings);
+    }
+
+    public void testUselessUpperCaseSpecifier() {
+        assertParser("Single letter with CODE", "a|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
+                "a", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label with CODE", "abc|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
+                "abc", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Escaped label with CODE", "a\\|c|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
+                "a|c", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("ICON with outputText", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|abc",
+                "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", "abc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("ICON with outputText starts with bang", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|!bc",
+                "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("ICON with outputText contains bang", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|a!c",
+                "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", "a!c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("ICON with escaped bang outputText", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|\\!bc",
+                "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label starts with bang and CODE", "!bc|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
+                "!bc", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Label contains bang and CODE", "a!c|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
+                "a!c", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("Escaped bang label with CODE", "\\!bc|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
+                "!bc", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("ICON with CODE", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
+                "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("SETTINGS AS MORE KEY", "!TEXT/SETTINGS_AS_MORE_KEY",
+                "!TEXT/SETTINGS_AS_MORE_KEY", "!TEXT/SETTINGS_AS_MORE_KEY", ICON_UNDEFINED,
+                CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("ACTION NEXT AS MORE KEY", "!TEXT/LABEL_NEXT_KEY|!CODE/KEY_ACTION_NEXT",
+                "!TEXT/LABEL_NEXT_KEY", "!CODE/KEY_ACTION_NEXT", ICON_UNDEFINED,
+                CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParser("POPULAR DOMAIN",
+                "!TEXT/KEYLABEL_FOR_POPULAR_DOMAIN|!TEXT/KEYLABEL_FOR_POPULAR_DOMAIN ",
+                "!TEXT/KEYLABEL_FOR_POPULAR_DOMAIN", "!TEXT/KEYLABEL_FOR_POPULAR_DOMAIN ",
+                ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParserError("Empty label with CODE", "|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
+                null, null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
+        assertParserError("Empty outputText with ICON", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|",
+                null, null, mSettingsIconId, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        assertParser("ICON without code", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
+                "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
+        assertParserError("Multiple bar with label and CODE", "a|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|c",
+                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
+        assertParserError("Multiple bar with ICON and outputText", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|b|c",
+                null, null, mSettingsIconId, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
+        assertParserError("Multiple bar with ICON and CODE",
+                ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|c",
+                null, null, mSettingsIconId, mCodeSettings);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeySpecParserTests.java b/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeySpecParserTests.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e29181c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/KeySpecParserTests.java
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package com.android.inputmethod.keyboard.internal;
+
+import android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.SmallTest;
+
+import com.android.inputmethod.latin.Constants;
+
+@SmallTest
+public final class KeySpecParserTests extends KeySpecParserBase {
+    @Override
+    protected void assertParser(final String message, final String keySpec,
+            final String expectedLabel, final String expectedOutputText, final int expectedIcon,
+            final int expectedCode) {
+        final String keySpecResolved = mTextsSet.resolveTextReference(keySpec);
+        final String actualLabel = KeySpecParser.getLabel(keySpecResolved);
+        final String actualOutputText = KeySpecParser.getOutputText(keySpecResolved);
+        final int actualIcon = KeySpecParser.getIconId(keySpecResolved);
+        final int actualCode = KeySpecParser.getCode(keySpecResolved, mCodesSet);
+        assertEquals(message + " [label]", expectedLabel, actualLabel);
+        assertEquals(message + " [ouptputText]", expectedOutputText, actualOutputText);
+        assertEquals(message + " [icon]",
+                KeyboardIconsSet.getIconName(expectedIcon),
+                KeyboardIconsSet.getIconName(actualIcon));
+        assertEquals(message + " [code]",
+                Constants.printableCode(expectedCode),
+                Constants.printableCode(actualCode));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/MoreKeySpecTests.java b/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/MoreKeySpecTests.java
index 538ba2c..213e2d4 100644
--- a/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/MoreKeySpecTests.java
+++ b/tests/src/com/android/inputmethod/keyboard/internal/MoreKeySpecTests.java
@@ -16,63 +16,18 @@
 
 package com.android.inputmethod.keyboard.internal;
 
-import static com.android.inputmethod.keyboard.internal.KeyboardIconsSet.ICON_UNDEFINED;
-import static com.android.inputmethod.latin.Constants.CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT;
-import static com.android.inputmethod.latin.Constants.CODE_UNSPECIFIED;
-
-import android.content.Context;
-import android.content.res.Resources;
-import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
 import android.test.suitebuilder.annotation.SmallTest;
 
 import com.android.inputmethod.latin.Constants;
-import com.android.inputmethod.latin.utils.RunInLocale;
 
 import java.util.Arrays;
 import java.util.Locale;
 
 @SmallTest
-public class MoreKeySpecTests extends AndroidTestCase {
-    private final static Locale TEST_LOCALE = Locale.ENGLISH;
-    final KeyboardCodesSet mCodesSet = new KeyboardCodesSet();
-    final KeyboardTextsSet mTextsSet = new KeyboardTextsSet();
-
-    private static final String CODE_SETTINGS = "!code/key_settings";
-    private static final String ICON_SETTINGS = "!icon/settings_key";
-    private static final String CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE = CODE_SETTINGS.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
-    private static final String ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE = ICON_SETTINGS.toUpperCase(Locale.ROOT);
-    private static final String CODE_NON_EXISTING = "!code/non_existing";
-    private static final String ICON_NON_EXISTING = "!icon/non_existing";
-
-    private int mCodeSettings;
-    private int mCodeActionNext;
-    private int mSettingsIconId;
-
+public final class MoreKeySpecTests extends KeySpecParserBase {
     @Override
-    protected void setUp() throws Exception {
-        super.setUp();
-
-        final String language = TEST_LOCALE.getLanguage();
-        mCodesSet.setLanguage(language);
-        mTextsSet.setLanguage(language);
-        final Context context = getContext();
-        new RunInLocale<Void>() {
-            @Override
-            protected Void job(final Resources res) {
-                mTextsSet.loadStringResources(context);
-                return null;
-            }
-        }.runInLocale(context.getResources(), TEST_LOCALE);
-
-        mCodeSettings = KeySpecParser.parseCode(
-                CODE_SETTINGS, mCodesSet, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        mCodeActionNext = KeySpecParser.parseCode(
-                "!code/key_action_next", mCodesSet, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        mSettingsIconId = KeySpecParser.getIconId(ICON_SETTINGS);
-    }
-
-    private void assertParser(final String message, final String moreKeySpec,
-            final String expectedLabel, final String expectedOutputText, final int expectedIcon,
+    protected void assertParser(final String message, final String moreKeySpec,
+            final String expectedLabel, final String expectedOutputText, final int expectedIconId,
             final int expectedCode) {
         final String labelResolved = mTextsSet.resolveTextReference(moreKeySpec);
         final MoreKeySpec spec = new MoreKeySpec(labelResolved, false /* needsToUpperCase */,
@@ -80,267 +35,13 @@
         assertEquals(message + " [label]", expectedLabel, spec.mLabel);
         assertEquals(message + " [ouptputText]", expectedOutputText, spec.mOutputText);
         assertEquals(message + " [icon]",
-                KeyboardIconsSet.getIconName(expectedIcon),
+                KeyboardIconsSet.getIconName(expectedIconId),
                 KeyboardIconsSet.getIconName(spec.mIconId));
         assertEquals(message + " [code]",
                 Constants.printableCode(expectedCode),
                 Constants.printableCode(spec.mCode));
     }
 
-    private void assertParserError(final String message, final String moreKeySpec,
-            final String expectedLabel, final String expectedOutputText, final int expectedIcon,
-            final int expectedCode) {
-        try {
-            assertParser(message, moreKeySpec, expectedLabel, expectedOutputText, expectedIcon,
-                    expectedCode);
-            fail(message);
-        } catch (Exception pcpe) {
-            // success.
-        }
-    }
-
-    // \U001d11e: MUSICAL SYMBOL G CLEF
-    private static final String PAIR1 = "\ud834\udd1e";
-    private static final int CODE1 = PAIR1.codePointAt(0);
-    // \U001d122: MUSICAL SYMBOL F CLEF
-    private static final String PAIR2 = "\ud834\udd22";
-    private static final int CODE2 = PAIR2.codePointAt(0);
-    // \U002f8a6: CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8A6; variant character of \u6148.
-    private static final String PAIR3 = "\ud87e\udca6";
-    private static final String SURROGATE1 = PAIR1 + PAIR2;
-    private static final String SURROGATE2 = PAIR1 + PAIR2 + PAIR3;
-
-    public void testSingleLetter() {
-        assertParser("Single letter", "a",
-                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, 'a');
-        assertParser("Single surrogate", PAIR1,
-                PAIR1, null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE1);
-        assertParser("Single escaped bar", "\\|",
-                "|", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, '|');
-        assertParser("Single escaped escape", "\\\\",
-                "\\", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, '\\');
-        assertParser("Single comma", ",",
-                ",", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, ',');
-        assertParser("Single escaped comma", "\\,",
-                ",", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, ',');
-        assertParser("Single escaped letter", "\\a",
-                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, 'a');
-        assertParser("Single escaped surrogate", "\\" + PAIR2,
-                PAIR2, null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE2);
-        assertParser("Single bang", "!",
-                "!", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, '!');
-        assertParser("Single escaped bang", "\\!",
-                "!", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, '!');
-        assertParser("Single output text letter", "a|a",
-                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, 'a');
-        assertParser("Single surrogate pair outputText", "G Clef|" + PAIR1,
-                "G Clef", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE1);
-        assertParser("Single letter with outputText", "a|abc",
-                "a", "abc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Single letter with surrogate outputText", "a|" + SURROGATE1,
-                "a", SURROGATE1, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Single surrogate with outputText", PAIR3 + "|abc",
-                PAIR3, "abc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Single letter with escaped outputText", "a|a\\|c",
-                "a", "a|c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Single letter with escaped surrogate outputText",
-                "a|" + PAIR1 + "\\|" + PAIR2,
-                "a", PAIR1 + "|" + PAIR2, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Single letter with comma outputText", "a|a,b",
-                "a", "a,b", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Single letter with escaped comma outputText", "a|a\\,b",
-                "a", "a,b", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Single letter with outputText starts with bang", "a|!bc",
-                "a", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Single letter with surrogate outputText starts with bang", "a|!" + SURROGATE2,
-                "a", "!" + SURROGATE2, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Single letter with outputText contains bang", "a|a!c",
-                "a", "a!c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Single letter with escaped bang outputText", "a|\\!bc",
-                "a", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Single escaped escape with single outputText", "\\\\|\\\\",
-                "\\", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, '\\');
-        assertParser("Single escaped bar with single outputText", "\\||\\|",
-                "|", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, '|');
-        assertParser("Single letter with code", "a|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
-                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
-    }
-
-    public void testLabel() {
-        assertParser("Simple label", "abc",
-                "abc", "abc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Simple surrogate label", SURROGATE1,
-                SURROGATE1, SURROGATE1, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with escaped bar", "a\\|c",
-                "a|c", "a|c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Surrogate label with escaped bar", PAIR1 + "\\|" + PAIR2,
-                PAIR1 + "|" + PAIR2, PAIR1 + "|" + PAIR2,
-                ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with escaped escape", "a\\\\c",
-                "a\\c", "a\\c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with comma", "a,c",
-                "a,c", "a,c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with escaped comma", "a\\,c",
-                "a,c", "a,c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label starts with bang", "!bc",
-                "!bc", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Surrogate label starts with bang", "!" + SURROGATE1,
-                "!" + SURROGATE1, "!" + SURROGATE1, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label contains bang", "a!c",
-                "a!c", "a!c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with escaped bang", "\\!bc",
-                "!bc", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with escaped letter", "\\abc",
-                "abc", "abc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with outputText", "abc|def",
-                "abc", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with comma and outputText", "a,c|def",
-                "a,c", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Escaped comma label with outputText", "a\\,c|def",
-                "a,c", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Escaped label with outputText", "a\\|c|def",
-                "a|c", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with escaped bar outputText", "abc|d\\|f",
-                "abc", "d|f", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Escaped escape label with outputText", "a\\\\|def",
-                "a\\", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label starts with bang and outputText", "!bc|def",
-                "!bc", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label contains bang label and outputText", "a!c|def",
-                "a!c", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Escaped bang label with outputText", "\\!bc|def",
-                "!bc", "def", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with comma outputText", "abc|a,b",
-                "abc", "a,b", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with escaped comma outputText", "abc|a\\,b",
-                "abc", "a,b", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with outputText starts with bang", "abc|!bc",
-                "abc", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with outputText contains bang", "abc|a!c",
-                "abc", "a!c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with escaped bang outputText", "abc|\\!bc",
-                "abc", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with escaped bar outputText", "abc|d\\|f",
-                "abc", "d|f", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Escaped bar label with escaped bar outputText", "a\\|c|d\\|f",
-                "a|c", "d|f", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with code", "abc|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
-                "abc", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
-        assertParser("Escaped label with code", "a\\|c|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
-                "a|c", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
-    }
-
-    public void testIconAndCode() {
-        assertParser("Icon with outputText", ICON_SETTINGS + "|abc",
-                null, "abc", mSettingsIconId, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Icon with outputText starts with bang", ICON_SETTINGS + "|!bc",
-                null, "!bc", mSettingsIconId, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Icon with outputText contains bang", ICON_SETTINGS + "|a!c",
-                null, "a!c", mSettingsIconId, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Icon with escaped bang outputText", ICON_SETTINGS + "|\\!bc",
-                null, "!bc", mSettingsIconId, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label starts with bang and code", "!bc|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
-                "!bc", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
-        assertParser("Label contains bang and code", "a!c|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
-                "a!c", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
-        assertParser("Escaped bang label with code", "\\!bc|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
-                "!bc", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
-        assertParser("Icon with code", ICON_SETTINGS + "|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
-                null, null, mSettingsIconId, mCodeSettings);
-    }
-
-    public void testResourceReference() {
-        assertParser("Settings as more key", "!text/settings_as_more_key",
-                null, null, mSettingsIconId, mCodeSettings);
-
-        assertParser("Action next as more key", "!text/label_next_key|!code/key_action_next",
-                "Next", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeActionNext);
-
-        assertParser("Popular domain",
-                "!text/keylabel_for_popular_domain|!text/keylabel_for_popular_domain ",
-                ".com", ".com ", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-    }
-
-    public void testFormatError() {
-        assertParserError("Empty spec", "", null,
-                null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        assertParserError("Empty label with outputText", "|a",
-                null, "a", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        assertParserError("Empty label with code", "|" + CODE_SETTINGS,
-                null, null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
-        assertParserError("Empty outputText with label", "a|",
-                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        assertParserError("Empty outputText with icon", ICON_SETTINGS + "|",
-                null, null, mSettingsIconId, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        assertParserError("Empty icon and code", "|",
-                null, null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        assertParserError("Icon without code", ICON_SETTINGS,
-                null, null, mSettingsIconId, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        assertParserError("Non existing icon", ICON_NON_EXISTING + "|abc",
-                null, "abc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParserError("Non existing code", "abc|" + CODE_NON_EXISTING,
-                "abc", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        assertParserError("Third bar at end", "a|b|",
-                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        assertParserError("Multiple bar", "a|b|c",
-                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        assertParserError("Multiple bar with label and code", "a|" + CODE_SETTINGS + "|c",
-                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
-        assertParserError("Multiple bar with icon and outputText", ICON_SETTINGS + "|b|c",
-                null, null, mSettingsIconId, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        assertParserError("Multiple bar with icon and code",
-                ICON_SETTINGS + "|" + CODE_SETTINGS + "|c",
-                null, null, mSettingsIconId, mCodeSettings);
-    }
-
-    public void testUselessUpperCaseSpecifier() {
-        assertParser("Single letter with CODE", "a|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
-                "a", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label with CODE", "abc|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
-                "abc", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Escaped label with CODE", "a\\|c|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
-                "a|c", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("ICON with outputText", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|abc",
-                "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", "abc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("ICON with outputText starts with bang", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|!bc",
-                "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("ICON with outputText contains bang", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|a!c",
-                "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", "a!c", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("ICON with escaped bang outputText", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|\\!bc",
-                "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", "!bc", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label starts with bang and CODE", "!bc|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
-                "!bc", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Label contains bang and CODE", "a!c|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
-                "a!c", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("Escaped bang label with CODE", "\\!bc|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
-                "!bc", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("ICON with CODE", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
-                "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", "!CODE/KEY_SETTINGS", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("SETTINGS AS MORE KEY", "!TEXT/SETTINGS_AS_MORE_KEY",
-                "!TEXT/SETTINGS_AS_MORE_KEY", "!TEXT/SETTINGS_AS_MORE_KEY", ICON_UNDEFINED,
-                CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("ACTION NEXT AS MORE KEY", "!TEXT/LABEL_NEXT_KEY|!CODE/KEY_ACTION_NEXT",
-                "!TEXT/LABEL_NEXT_KEY", "!CODE/KEY_ACTION_NEXT", ICON_UNDEFINED,
-                CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParser("POPULAR DOMAIN",
-                "!TEXT/KEYLABEL_FOR_POPULAR_DOMAIN|!TEXT/KEYLABEL_FOR_POPULAR_DOMAIN ",
-                "!TEXT/KEYLABEL_FOR_POPULAR_DOMAIN", "!TEXT/KEYLABEL_FOR_POPULAR_DOMAIN ",
-                ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParserError("Empty label with CODE", "|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
-                null, null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
-        assertParserError("Empty outputText with ICON", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|",
-                null, null, mSettingsIconId, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        assertParser("ICON without code", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE,
-                "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", "!ICON/SETTINGS_KEY", ICON_UNDEFINED, CODE_OUTPUT_TEXT);
-        assertParserError("Multiple bar with label and CODE", "a|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|c",
-                "a", null, ICON_UNDEFINED, mCodeSettings);
-        assertParserError("Multiple bar with ICON and outputText", ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|b|c",
-                null, null, mSettingsIconId, CODE_UNSPECIFIED);
-        assertParserError("Multiple bar with ICON and CODE",
-                ICON_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|" + CODE_SETTINGS_UPPERCASE + "|c",
-                null, null, mSettingsIconId, mCodeSettings);
-    }
-
     private static void assertArrayEquals(final String message, final Object[] expected,
             final Object[] actual) {
         if (expected == actual) {