diff --git a/java/res/values-bg/strings.xml b/java/res/values-bg/strings.xml
index 21318fd..89665cd 100644
--- a/java/res/values-bg/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-bg/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Без задържане"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"По подразбиране"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> милисек"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Станд. за системата"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Предложения за контакти"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Използване на имена от „Контакти“ за предложения и поправки"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Точка чрез двоен интервал"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-cs/strings.xml b/java/res/values-cs/strings.xml
index a053dd5..9b20f7c 100644
--- a/java/res/values-cs/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-cs/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Bez prodlevy"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Výchozí"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Výchozí nastavení"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Navrhovat jména kontaktů"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Použít jména ze seznamu kontaktů k návrhům a opravám"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Tečka dvojitým mezerníkem"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-da/strings.xml b/java/res/values-da/strings.xml
index 88c1d61..f4f7d85 100644
--- a/java/res/values-da/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-da/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Ingen forsink."</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Standard"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Systemstandard"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Foreslå navne på kontakter"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Brug navne fra Kontaktpersoner til forslag og rettelser"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"To mellemrum for punktum"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-el/strings.xml b/java/res/values-el/strings.xml
index 28630bf..d0f23d2 100644
--- a/java/res/values-el/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-el/strings.xml
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Χωρίς καθυστέρ."</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Προεπιλογή"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g>χλστ. δ."</string>
-    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Προεπιλογή συστήμ."</string>
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Προεπιλογή"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Πρόταση ονομάτων επαφών"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Χρησιμοποιήστε ονόματα από τις Επαφές για προτάσεις και διορθ."</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Τελεία με διπλό πάτημα πλήκτρ.διαστ."</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-es-rUS/strings.xml b/java/res/values-es-rUS/strings.xml
index f3ca575..d306f21 100644
--- a/java/res/values-es-rUS/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-es-rUS/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Sin demora"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Predeterminada"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Valor predet. sist."</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Sugerir nombres de contacto"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Usar nombres de los contactos para sugerencias y correcciones"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Punto y doble espacio"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-et/strings.xml b/java/res/values-et/strings.xml
index 8fb0c46..e7c7ccf 100644
--- a/java/res/values-et/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-et/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Viivituseta"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Vaikeseade"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Süsteemi vaikeväärt."</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Soovita kontaktkirjeid"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Kasuta soovitusteks ja parandusteks nimesid kontaktiloendist"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Punkt tühikuklahviga"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-fa/strings.xml b/java/res/values-fa/strings.xml
index c2cef70..302f097 100644
--- a/java/res/values-fa/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-fa/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"بدون تأخیر"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"پیش‌فرض"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> میلی‌ثانیه"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"پیش‌فرض سیستم"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"پیشنهاد نام‌های مخاطب"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"برای پیشنهاد و تصحیح از نام مخاطبین استفاده شود"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"نقطه با دو فاصله"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-fi/strings.xml b/java/res/values-fi/strings.xml
index 3d8a2a6..a208048 100644
--- a/java/res/values-fi/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-fi/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Ei viivettä"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Oletus"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Järjest. oletusarvo"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Ehdota yhteystietojen nimiä"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Käytä yhteystietojen nimiä ehdotuksissa ja korjauksissa"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Kaksoisvälilyönti = piste"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-fr/strings.xml b/java/res/values-fr/strings.xml
index 76a7662..9b585a1 100644
--- a/java/res/values-fr/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-fr/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Sans délai"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Par défaut"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Paramètres par défaut"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Proposer noms de contacts"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Utiliser des noms de contacts pour les suggestions et corrections"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Point et espace"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-hi/strings.xml b/java/res/values-hi/strings.xml
index cbccb6f..8222f58 100644
--- a/java/res/values-hi/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-hi/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"कोई विलंब नहीं"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"डिफ़ॉल्ट"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> मिलीसेकंड"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"सिस्टम डिफ़ॉल्ट"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"संपर्क नाम सुझाएं"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"सुझाव और सुधार के लिए संपर्क से नामों का उपयोग करें"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"दोहरे स्पेस वाला पीरियड"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-hr/strings.xml b/java/res/values-hr/strings.xml
index b682599..3852572 100644
--- a/java/res/values-hr/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-hr/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Bez odgode"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Zadano"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Zadano sustavom"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Predlaži imena kontakata"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Upotreba imena iz Kontakata za prijedloge i ispravke"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Točka s dva razmaka"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-hu/strings.xml b/java/res/values-hu/strings.xml
index cba6966..5394cc2 100644
--- a/java/res/values-hu/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-hu/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Nincs késés"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Alapbeállítás"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Alapértelmezett"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Javasolt névjegyek"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"A névjegyek használata a javaslatokhoz és javításokhoz"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Dupla szóköz: pont"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-in/strings.xml b/java/res/values-in/strings.xml
index 530a21c..47d66dc 100644
--- a/java/res/values-in/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-in/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Tanpa penundaan"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Default"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> md"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Default sistem"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Sarankan nama Kontak"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Menggunakan nama dari Kontak untuk saran dan koreksi"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Titik spasi ganda"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-it/strings.xml b/java/res/values-it/strings.xml
index 73873c4..8e0d687 100644
--- a/java/res/values-it/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-it/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Nessun ritardo"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Predefinito"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Predefinito sistema"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Suggerisci nomi di contatti"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Utilizza nomi di Contatti per suggerimenti e correzioni"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Doppio spazio per punto"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-iw/strings.xml b/java/res/values-iw/strings.xml
index 44cbcfc..d44f6c4 100644
--- a/java/res/values-iw/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-iw/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"ללא עיכוב"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"ברירת מחדל"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> אלפ\' שניה"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"ברירת מחדל של המערכת"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"הצע שמות של אנשי קשר"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"השתמש בשמות מרשימת אנשי הקשר עבור הצעות ותיקונים"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"רווח כפול לנקודה"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-ja/strings.xml b/java/res/values-ja/strings.xml
index e01c492..248c5b9 100644
--- a/java/res/values-ja/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-ja/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"すぐに消去"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"デフォルト"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g>ミリ秒"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"システムのデフォルト"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"連絡先の名前を候補に表示"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"連絡先の名前を使用して候補表示や自動修正を行います"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"ダブルスペースピリオド"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-ko/strings.xml b/java/res/values-ko/strings.xml
index 67cbc3b..fbcee7d 100644
--- a/java/res/values-ko/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-ko/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"지연 없음"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"기본값"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g>ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"시스템 기본값"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"주소록 이름 활용"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"추천 및 수정에 주소록의 이름 사용"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"더블스페이스 마침표"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-lt/strings.xml b/java/res/values-lt/strings.xml
index 3cf3e3d..dd075e7 100644
--- a/java/res/values-lt/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-lt/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Be delsos"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Numatytasis"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Sist. numat. nustat."</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Siūlyti kontaktų vardus"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Siūlant ir taisant naudoti vardus iš „Kontaktų“"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Tšk. ir tarp. pal. dukart"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-lv/strings.xml b/java/res/values-lv/strings.xml
index 45b9857..cdf561f 100644
--- a/java/res/values-lv/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-lv/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Bez aizkaves"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Noklusējums"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Sistēmas noklusējums"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Ieteikt kontaktp. vārdus"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Izmantot kontaktpersonu vārdus kā ieteikumus un labojumus"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Dubultpiesk. = punkts"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-ms/strings.xml b/java/res/values-ms/strings.xml
index fec3cea..8138663 100644
--- a/java/res/values-ms/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-ms/strings.xml
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Tiada lengah"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Lalai"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g>ms"</string>
-    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Lalai sistem"</string>
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Tetapan asal sistem"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Cadangkan nama Kenalan"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Menggunakan nama daripada Kenalan untuk cadangan dan pembetulan"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Titik ruang berganda"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-pl/strings.xml b/java/res/values-pl/strings.xml
index 6f2f2c4..dec06ab 100644
--- a/java/res/values-pl/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-pl/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Bez opóźnienia"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Wartość domyślna"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Ustawienie domyślne"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Proponuj osoby z kontaktów"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"W propozycjach i poprawkach użyj nazwisk z kontaktów"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Szybka kropka ze spacją"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-pt/strings.xml b/java/res/values-pt/strings.xml
index 7bc225d..babf4ac 100644
--- a/java/res/values-pt/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-pt/strings.xml
@@ -137,14 +137,14 @@
     <string name="prefs_enable_log" msgid="6620424505072963557">"Ativar comentário do usuário"</string>
     <string name="prefs_description_log" msgid="7525225584555429211">"Ajude a melhorar este editor de método de entrada enviando automaticamente estatísticas de uso e relatórios de falhas."</string>
     <string name="keyboard_layout" msgid="8451164783510487501">"Tema do teclado"</string>
-    <string name="subtype_en_GB" msgid="88170601942311355">"Inglês (Reino Unido)"</string>
-    <string name="subtype_en_US" msgid="6160452336634534239">"Inglês (EUA)"</string>
-    <string name="subtype_es_US" msgid="5583145191430180200">"Espanhol (EUA)"</string>
+    <string name="subtype_en_GB" msgid="88170601942311355">"inglês (Reino Unido)"</string>
+    <string name="subtype_en_US" msgid="6160452336634534239">"inglês (EUA)"</string>
+    <string name="subtype_es_US" msgid="5583145191430180200">"espanhol (EUA)"</string>
     <string name="subtype_with_layout_en_GB" msgid="2179097748724725906">"Inglês (Reino Unido) (<xliff:g id="LAYOUT">%s</xliff:g>)"</string>
     <string name="subtype_with_layout_en_US" msgid="1362581347576714579">"Inglês (EUA) (<xliff:g id="LAYOUT">%s</xliff:g>)"</string>
-    <string name="subtype_with_layout_es_US" msgid="6261791057007890189">"Espanhol (EUA) (<xliff:g id="LAYOUT">%s</xliff:g>)"</string>
+    <string name="subtype_with_layout_es_US" msgid="6261791057007890189">"espanhol (EUA) (<xliff:g id="LAYOUT">%s</xliff:g>)"</string>
     <string name="subtype_no_language" msgid="141420857808801746">"Sem idioma"</string>
-    <string name="subtype_no_language_qwerty" msgid="2956121451616633133">"Nenhum idioma (QWERTY)"</string>
+    <string name="subtype_no_language_qwerty" msgid="2956121451616633133">"nenhum idioma (QWERTY)"</string>
     <string name="subtype_no_language_qwertz" msgid="1177848172397202890">"Nenhum idioma (QWERTZ)"</string>
     <string name="subtype_no_language_azerty" msgid="8721460968141187394">"Nenhum idioma (AZERTY)"</string>
     <string name="subtype_no_language_dvorak" msgid="3122976737669823935">"Nenhum idioma (Dvorak)"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-ro/strings.xml b/java/res/values-ro/strings.xml
index b251ea5..69baa8a 100644
--- a/java/res/values-ro/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-ro/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Fără întârziere"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Prestabilit"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> msec."</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Valoare prestabilită"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Sugeraţi nume din Agendă"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Utilizaţi numele din Agendă pentru sugestii şi corecţii"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Inserează punct spațiu"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-ru/strings.xml b/java/res/values-ru/strings.xml
index 86be0a7..2c350d1 100644
--- a/java/res/values-ru/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-ru/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Без задержки"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"По умолчанию"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> мс"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"По умолчанию"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Подсказывать имена"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Подсказывать исправления на основе имен из списка контактов"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Ставить точки автоматически"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-sk/strings.xml b/java/res/values-sk/strings.xml
index de1efb4..4b652d0 100644
--- a/java/res/values-sk/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-sk/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Bez oneskorenia"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Predvolená"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Predvolené nastav."</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Navrhnúť mená kontaktov"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Používať mená z Kontaktov na návrhy a opravy"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Bodka s medzerou"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-sr/strings.xml b/java/res/values-sr/strings.xml
index d5c9d30..af41693 100644
--- a/java/res/values-sr/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-sr/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Без одлагања"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Подразумевано"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Подразумевано"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Предложи имена контаката"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Користи имена из Контаката за предлоге и исправке"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Тачка и размак"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-th/strings.xml b/java/res/values-th/strings.xml
index 2aa5c49..908a799 100644
--- a/java/res/values-th/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-th/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"ไม่มีการหน่วงเวลา"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"ค่าเริ่มต้น"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> มิลลิวิ"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"ค่าเริ่มต้นของระบบ"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"แนะนำชื่อผู้ติดต่อ"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"ใช้ชื่อจากรายชื่อติดต่อสำหรับคำแนะนำและการแก้ไข"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"แตะ Space สองครั้งแทรกจุด"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-tl/strings.xml b/java/res/values-tl/strings.xml
index 96f4d9d..e72a798 100644
--- a/java/res/values-tl/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-tl/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Walang antala"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Default"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g>ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Default ng system"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Mungkahi pangalan Contact"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Gamitin pangalan mula Mga Contact sa mga mungkahi\'t pagwawasto"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Double-space period"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-tr/strings.xml b/java/res/values-tr/strings.xml
index 1f5e0ba..26dfe70 100644
--- a/java/res/values-tr/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-tr/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Gecikme yok"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Varsayılan"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> ms"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Sistem varsayılanı"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Kişi Adları öner"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Öneri ve düzeltmeler için Kişiler\'deki adları kullan"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Çift boşlukla nokta ekleme"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-vi/strings.xml b/java/res/values-vi/strings.xml
index 3926fe3..6d9bde5 100644
--- a/java/res/values-vi/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-vi/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"Không có tgian trễ"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"Mặc định"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> mili giây"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"Mặc định của hệ thống"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"Đề xuất tên liên hệ"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"Sử dụng tên từ Danh bạ cho các đề xuất và chỉnh sửa"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"Dấu cách đôi"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml b/java/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
index 3a33343..14198e5 100644
--- a/java/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-zh-rCN/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"无延迟"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"默认"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g>毫秒"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"系统默认值"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"联系人姓名建议"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"根据通讯录中的姓名提供建议和更正"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"双击空格插入句号"</string>
diff --git a/java/res/values-zh-rTW/strings.xml b/java/res/values-zh-rTW/strings.xml
index 7720610..fe7f8f6 100644
--- a/java/res/values-zh-rTW/strings.xml
+++ b/java/res/values-zh-rTW/strings.xml
@@ -43,8 +43,7 @@
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_no_delay" msgid="2096123151571458064">"不延遲"</string>
     <string name="key_preview_popup_dismiss_default_delay" msgid="2166964333903906734">"預設"</string>
     <string name="abbreviation_unit_milliseconds" msgid="8700286094028323363">"<xliff:g id="MILLISECONDS">%s</xliff:g> 毫秒"</string>
-    <!-- no translation found for settings_system_default (6268225104743331821) -->
-    <skip />
+    <string name="settings_system_default" msgid="6268225104743331821">"系統預設"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict" msgid="4435317977804180815">"建議聯絡人名稱"</string>
     <string name="use_contacts_dict_summary" msgid="6599983334507879959">"根據「聯絡人」名稱提供建議與修正"</string>
     <string name="use_double_space_period" msgid="8781529969425082860">"輕按兩下空格鍵即插入句號"</string>
diff --git a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/BinaryDictionary.java b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/BinaryDictionary.java
index f36c9e8..c355fd6 100644
--- a/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/BinaryDictionary.java
+++ b/java/src/com/android/inputmethod/latin/BinaryDictionary.java
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
             boolean isUpdatable);
     private static native void closeNative(long dict);
     private static native int getProbabilityNative(long dict, int[] word);
-    private static native boolean isValidBigramNative(long dict, int[] word1, int[] word2);
+    private static native boolean isValidBigramNative(long dict, int[] word0, int[] word1);
     private static native int getSuggestionsNative(long dict, long proximityInfo,
             long traverseSession, int[] xCoordinates, int[] yCoordinates, int[] times,
             int[] pointerIds, int[] inputCodePoints, int inputSize, int commitPoint,
@@ -105,6 +105,10 @@
             int[] outputCodePoints, int[] outputScores, int[] outputIndices, int[] outputTypes);
     private static native float calcNormalizedScoreNative(int[] before, int[] after, int score);
     private static native int editDistanceNative(int[] before, int[] after);
+    private static native void addUnigramWordNative(long dict, int[] word, int probability);
+    private static native void addBigramWordsNative(long dict, int[] word0, int[] word1,
+            int probability);
+    private static native void removeBigramWordsNative(long dict, int[] word0, int[] word1);
 
     // TODO: Move native dict into session
     private final void loadDictionary(final String path, final long startOffset,
diff --git a/native/jni/com_android_inputmethod_latin_BinaryDictionary.cpp b/native/jni/com_android_inputmethod_latin_BinaryDictionary.cpp
index b856718..33b6a6f 100644
--- a/native/jni/com_android_inputmethod_latin_BinaryDictionary.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/com_android_inputmethod_latin_BinaryDictionary.cpp
@@ -176,26 +176,26 @@
 }
 
 static jint latinime_BinaryDictionary_getProbability(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jlong dict,
-        jintArray wordArray) {
+        jintArray word) {
     Dictionary *dictionary = reinterpret_cast<Dictionary *>(dict);
     if (!dictionary) return 0;
-    const jsize codePointLength = env->GetArrayLength(wordArray);
-    int codePoints[codePointLength];
-    env->GetIntArrayRegion(wordArray, 0, codePointLength, codePoints);
-    return dictionary->getProbability(codePoints, codePointLength);
+    const jsize wordLength = env->GetArrayLength(word);
+    int codePoints[wordLength];
+    env->GetIntArrayRegion(word, 0, wordLength, codePoints);
+    return dictionary->getProbability(codePoints, wordLength);
 }
 
 static jboolean latinime_BinaryDictionary_isValidBigram(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jlong dict,
-        jintArray wordArray1, jintArray wordArray2) {
+        jintArray word0, jintArray word1) {
     Dictionary *dictionary = reinterpret_cast<Dictionary *>(dict);
     if (!dictionary) return JNI_FALSE;
-    const jsize codePointLength1 = env->GetArrayLength(wordArray1);
-    const jsize codePointLength2 = env->GetArrayLength(wordArray2);
-    int codePoints1[codePointLength1];
-    int codePoints2[codePointLength2];
-    env->GetIntArrayRegion(wordArray1, 0, codePointLength1, codePoints1);
-    env->GetIntArrayRegion(wordArray2, 0, codePointLength2, codePoints2);
-    return dictionary->isValidBigram(codePoints1, codePointLength1, codePoints2, codePointLength2);
+    const jsize word0Length = env->GetArrayLength(word0);
+    const jsize word1Length = env->GetArrayLength(word1);
+    int word0CodePoints[word0Length];
+    int word1CodePoints[word1Length];
+    env->GetIntArrayRegion(word0, 0, word0Length, word0CodePoints);
+    env->GetIntArrayRegion(word1, 0, word1Length, word1CodePoints);
+    return dictionary->isValidBigram(word0CodePoints, word0Length, word1CodePoints, word1Length);
 }
 
 static jfloat latinime_BinaryDictionary_calcNormalizedScore(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz,
@@ -246,6 +246,45 @@
     }
 }
 
+static void latinime_BinaryDictionary_addUnigramWord(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jlong dict,
+        jintArray word, jint probability) {
+    Dictionary *dictionary = reinterpret_cast<Dictionary *>(dict);
+    if (!dictionary) {
+        return;
+    }
+    jsize wordLength = env->GetArrayLength(word);
+    int codePoints[wordLength];
+    dictionary->addUnigramWord(codePoints, wordLength, probability);
+}
+
+static void latinime_BinaryDictionary_addBigramWords(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jlong dict,
+        jintArray word0, jintArray word1, jint probability) {
+    Dictionary *dictionary = reinterpret_cast<Dictionary *>(dict);
+    if (!dictionary) {
+        return;
+    }
+    jsize word0Length = env->GetArrayLength(word0);
+    int word0CodePoints[word0Length];
+    jsize word1Length = env->GetArrayLength(word1);
+    int word1CodePoints[word1Length];
+    dictionary->addBigramWords(word0CodePoints, word0Length, word1CodePoints,
+            word1Length, probability);
+}
+
+static void latinime_BinaryDictionary_removeBigramWords(JNIEnv *env, jclass clazz, jlong dict,
+        jintArray word0, jintArray word1) {
+    Dictionary *dictionary = reinterpret_cast<Dictionary *>(dict);
+    if (!dictionary) {
+        return;
+    }
+    jsize word0Length = env->GetArrayLength(word0);
+    int word0CodePoints[word0Length];
+    jsize word1Length = env->GetArrayLength(word1);
+    int word1CodePoints[word1Length];
+    dictionary->removeBigramWords(word0CodePoints, word0Length, word1CodePoints,
+            word1Length);
+}
+
 static const JNINativeMethod sMethods[] = {
     {
         const_cast<char *>("openNative"),
@@ -281,6 +320,21 @@
         const_cast<char *>("editDistanceNative"),
         const_cast<char *>("([I[I)I"),
         reinterpret_cast<void *>(latinime_BinaryDictionary_editDistance)
+    },
+    {
+        const_cast<char *>("addUnigramWordNative"),
+        const_cast<char *>("(J[II)V"),
+        reinterpret_cast<void *>(latinime_BinaryDictionary_addUnigramWord)
+    },
+    {
+        const_cast<char *>("addBigramWordsNative"),
+        const_cast<char *>("(J[I[II)V"),
+        reinterpret_cast<void *>(latinime_BinaryDictionary_addBigramWords)
+    },
+    {
+        const_cast<char *>("removeBigramWordsNative"),
+        const_cast<char *>("(J[I[I)V"),
+        reinterpret_cast<void *>(latinime_BinaryDictionary_removeBigramWords)
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/bigram_dictionary.cpp b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/bigram_dictionary.cpp
index 6e02100..242a9bd 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/bigram_dictionary.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/bigram_dictionary.cpp
@@ -184,13 +184,13 @@
     return false;
 }
 
-bool BigramDictionary::isValidBigram(const int *word1, int length1, const int *word2,
-        int length2) const {
-    int pos = getBigramListPositionForWord(word1, length1, false /* forceLowerCaseSearch */);
+bool BigramDictionary::isValidBigram(const int *word0, int length0, const int *word1,
+        int length1) const {
+    int pos = getBigramListPositionForWord(word0, length0, false /* forceLowerCaseSearch */);
     // getBigramListPositionForWord returns 0 if this word isn't in the dictionary or has no bigrams
     if (0 == pos) return false;
     int nextWordPos = BinaryFormat::getTerminalPosition(mBinaryDictionaryInfo->getDictRoot(),
-            word2, length2, false /* forceLowerCaseSearch */);
+            word1, length1, false /* forceLowerCaseSearch */);
     if (NOT_VALID_WORD == nextWordPos) return false;
 
     for (BinaryDictionaryBigramsIterator bigramsIt(mBinaryDictionaryInfo, pos);
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/binary_dictionary_terminal_attributes_reading_utils.cpp b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/binary_dictionary_terminal_attributes_reading_utils.cpp
index 0a7509c..52b6689 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/binary_dictionary_terminal_attributes_reading_utils.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/binary_dictionary_terminal_attributes_reading_utils.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@
 // Mask for attribute probability, stored on 4 bits inside the flags byte.
 const TaUtils::TerminalAttributeFlags TaUtils::MASK_ATTRIBUTE_PROBABILITY = 0x0F;
 const int TaUtils::ATTRIBUTE_ADDRESS_SHIFT = 4;
+const int TaUtils::SHORTCUT_LIST_SIZE_FIELD_SIZE = 2;
+// The numeric value of the shortcut probability that means 'whitelist'.
+const int TaUtils::WHITELIST_SHORTCUT_PROBABILITY = 15;
 
 /* static */ int TaUtils::getBigramAddressAndForwardPointer(
         const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const binaryDictionaryInfo, const TerminalAttributeFlags flags,
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/binary_dictionary_terminal_attributes_reading_utils.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/binary_dictionary_terminal_attributes_reading_utils.h
index f38fd5a..15637d8 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/binary_dictionary_terminal_attributes_reading_utils.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/binary_dictionary_terminal_attributes_reading_utils.h
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
  public:
     typedef uint8_t TerminalAttributeFlags;
     typedef TerminalAttributeFlags BigramFlags;
+    typedef TerminalAttributeFlags ShortcutFlags;
 
     static AK_FORCE_INLINE TerminalAttributeFlags getFlagsAndForwardPointer(
             const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const binaryDictionaryInfo, int *const pos) {
@@ -59,6 +60,34 @@
             const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const binaryDictionaryInfo, const BigramFlags flags,
                     int *const pos);
 
+    // Shortcuts reading methods
+    // This method returns the size of the shortcut list region excluding the shortcut list size
+    // field at the beginning.
+    static AK_FORCE_INLINE int getShortcutListSizeAndForwardPointer(
+            const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const binaryDictionaryInfo, int *const pos) {
+        // readUint16andAdvancePosition() returns an offset *including* the uint16 field itself.
+        return ByteArrayUtils::readUint16andAdvancePosition(
+                binaryDictionaryInfo->getDictRoot(), pos) - SHORTCUT_LIST_SIZE_FIELD_SIZE;
+    }
+
+    static AK_FORCE_INLINE void skipShortcuts(
+            const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const binaryDictionaryInfo, int *const pos) {
+        const int shortcutListSize = getShortcutListSizeAndForwardPointer(
+                binaryDictionaryInfo, pos);
+        *pos += shortcutListSize;
+    }
+
+    static AK_FORCE_INLINE bool isWhitelist(const ShortcutFlags flags) {
+        return getProbabilityFromFlags(flags) == WHITELIST_SHORTCUT_PROBABILITY;
+    }
+
+    static AK_FORCE_INLINE int readShortcutTarget(
+            const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const binaryDictionaryInfo, const int maxLength,
+            int *const outWord, int *const pos) {
+        return ByteArrayUtils::readStringAndAdvancePosition(
+                binaryDictionaryInfo->getDictRoot(), maxLength, outWord, pos);
+    }
+
  private:
     DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(BinaryDictionaryTerminalAttributesReadingUtils);
 
@@ -70,6 +99,8 @@
     static const TerminalAttributeFlags FLAG_ATTRIBUTE_HAS_NEXT;
     static const TerminalAttributeFlags MASK_ATTRIBUTE_PROBABILITY;
     static const int ATTRIBUTE_ADDRESS_SHIFT;
+    static const int SHORTCUT_LIST_SIZE_FIELD_SIZE;
+    static const int WHITELIST_SHORTCUT_PROBABILITY;
 
     static AK_FORCE_INLINE bool isOffsetNegative(const TerminalAttributeFlags flags) {
         return (flags & FLAG_ATTRIBUTE_OFFSET_NEGATIVE) != 0;
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/binary_format.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/binary_format.h
index df0ec48..9557d8c 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/binary_format.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/binary_format.h
@@ -52,14 +52,10 @@
 
     // Mask for attribute probability, stored on 4 bits inside the flags byte.
     static const int MASK_ATTRIBUTE_PROBABILITY = 0x0F;
-    // The numeric value of the shortcut probability that means 'whitelist'.
-    static const int WHITELIST_SHORTCUT_PROBABILITY = 15;
 
     // Mask and flags for attribute address type selection.
     static const int MASK_ATTRIBUTE_ADDRESS_TYPE = 0x30;
 
-    static const int SHORTCUT_LIST_SIZE_SIZE = 2;
-
     static bool hasBlacklistedOrNotAWordFlag(const int flags);
     static int getGroupCountAndForwardPointer(const uint8_t *const dict, int *pos);
     static uint8_t getFlagsAndForwardPointer(const uint8_t *const dict, int *pos);
@@ -73,9 +69,6 @@
             const int pos);
     static int readChildrenPosition(const uint8_t *const dict, const uint8_t flags, const int pos);
     static bool hasChildrenInFlags(const uint8_t flags);
-    static int getAttributeAddressAndForwardPointer(const uint8_t *const dict, const uint8_t flags,
-            int *pos);
-    static int getAttributeProbabilityFromFlags(const int flags);
     static int getTerminalPosition(const uint8_t *const root, const int *const inWord,
             const int length, const bool forceLowerCaseSearch);
     static int getWordAtAddress(const uint8_t *const root, const int address, const int maxDepth,
@@ -260,38 +253,6 @@
     return (FLAG_GROUP_ADDRESS_TYPE_NOADDRESS != (MASK_GROUP_ADDRESS_TYPE & flags));
 }
 
-AK_FORCE_INLINE int BinaryFormat::getAttributeAddressAndForwardPointer(const uint8_t *const dict,
-        const uint8_t flags, int *pos) {
-    int offset = 0;
-    const int origin = *pos;
-    switch (MASK_ATTRIBUTE_ADDRESS_TYPE & flags) {
-        case FLAG_ATTRIBUTE_ADDRESS_TYPE_ONEBYTE:
-            offset = dict[origin];
-            *pos = origin + 1;
-            break;
-        case FLAG_ATTRIBUTE_ADDRESS_TYPE_TWOBYTES:
-            offset = dict[origin] << 8;
-            offset += dict[origin + 1];
-            *pos = origin + 2;
-            break;
-        case FLAG_ATTRIBUTE_ADDRESS_TYPE_THREEBYTES:
-            offset = dict[origin] << 16;
-            offset += dict[origin + 1] << 8;
-            offset += dict[origin + 2];
-            *pos = origin + 3;
-            break;
-    }
-    if (FLAG_ATTRIBUTE_OFFSET_NEGATIVE & flags) {
-        return origin - offset;
-    } else {
-        return origin + offset;
-    }
-}
-
-inline int BinaryFormat::getAttributeProbabilityFromFlags(const int flags) {
-    return flags & MASK_ATTRIBUTE_PROBABILITY;
-}
-
 // This function gets the byte position of the last chargroup of the exact matching word in the
 // dictionary. If no match is found, it returns NOT_VALID_WORD.
 AK_FORCE_INLINE int BinaryFormat::getTerminalPosition(const uint8_t *const root,
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.cpp b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.cpp
index 028b615..51f23dc 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.cpp
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.cpp
@@ -106,8 +106,37 @@
     return unigramProbability;
 }
 
-bool Dictionary::isValidBigram(const int *word1, int length1, const int *word2, int length2) const {
-    return mBigramDictionary->isValidBigram(word1, length1, word2, length2);
+bool Dictionary::isValidBigram(const int *word0, int length0, const int *word1, int length1) const {
+    return mBigramDictionary->isValidBigram(word0, length0, word1, length1);
+}
+
+void Dictionary::addUnigramWord(const int *const word, const int length, const int probability) {
+    if (!mBinaryDictionaryInfo.isDynamicallyUpdatable()) {
+        // This method should not be called for non-updatable dictionary.
+        AKLOGI("Warning: Dictionary::addUnigramWord() is called for non-updatable dictionary.");
+        return;
+    }
+    // TODO: Support dynamic update
+}
+
+void Dictionary::addBigramWords(const int *const word0, const int length0, const int *const word1,
+        const int length1, const int probability) {
+    if (!mBinaryDictionaryInfo.isDynamicallyUpdatable()) {
+        // This method should not be called for non-updatable dictionary.
+        AKLOGI("Warning: Dictionary::addBigramWords() is called for non-updatable dictionary.");
+        return;
+    }
+    // TODO: Support dynamic update
+}
+
+void Dictionary::removeBigramWords(const int *const word0, const int length0,
+        const int *const word1, const int length1) {
+    if (!mBinaryDictionaryInfo.isDynamicallyUpdatable()) {
+        // This method should not be called for non-updatable dictionary.
+        AKLOGI("Warning: Dictionary::removeBigramWords() is called for non-updatable dictionary.");
+        return;
+    }
+    // TODO: Support dynamic update
 }
 
 } // namespace latinime
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.h
index afd0818..94579c2 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/dictionary.h
@@ -64,10 +64,21 @@
             int *frequencies, int *outputTypes) const;
 
     int getProbability(const int *word, int length) const;
-    bool isValidBigram(const int *word1, int length1, const int *word2, int length2) const;
+
+    bool isValidBigram(const int *word0, int length0, const int *word1, int length1) const;
+
+    void addUnigramWord(const int *const word, const int length, const int probability);
+
+    void addBigramWords(const int *const word0, const int length0, const int *const word1,
+            const int length1, const int probability);
+
+    void removeBigramWords(const int *const word0, const int length0, const int *const word1,
+            const int length1);
+
     const BinaryDictionaryInfo *getBinaryDictionaryInfo() const {
         return &mBinaryDictionaryInfo;
     }
+
     virtual ~Dictionary();
 
  private:
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/shortcut_utils.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/shortcut_utils.h
index 601ac5f..3c21809 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/shortcut_utils.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/shortcut_utils.h
@@ -29,15 +29,15 @@
             int outputWordIndex, const int finalScore, int *const outputCodePoints,
             int *const frequencies, int *const outputTypes, const bool sameAsTyped) {
         TerminalAttributes::ShortcutIterator iterator = terminalAttributes->getShortcutIterator();
+        int shortcutTarget[MAX_WORD_LENGTH];
         while (iterator.hasNextShortcutTarget() && outputWordIndex < MAX_RESULTS) {
-            int shortcutTarget[MAX_WORD_LENGTH];
-            int shortcutProbability;
-            const int shortcutTargetStringLength = iterator.getNextShortcutTarget(
-                    MAX_WORD_LENGTH, shortcutTarget, &shortcutProbability);
+            bool isWhilelist;
+            int shortcutTargetStringLength;
+            iterator.nextShortcutTarget(MAX_WORD_LENGTH, shortcutTarget,
+                    &shortcutTargetStringLength, &isWhilelist);
             int shortcutScore;
             int kind;
-            if (shortcutProbability == BinaryFormat::WHITELIST_SHORTCUT_PROBABILITY
-                    && sameAsTyped) {
+            if (isWhilelist && sameAsTyped) {
                 shortcutScore = S_INT_MAX;
                 kind = Dictionary::KIND_WHITELIST;
             } else {
diff --git a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/terminal_attributes.h b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/terminal_attributes.h
index bbd9af0..cec4708 100644
--- a/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/terminal_attributes.h
+++ b/native/jni/src/suggest/core/dictionary/terminal_attributes.h
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <stdint.h>
 
 #include "suggest/core/dictionary/binary_dictionary_info.h"
+#include "suggest/core/dictionary/binary_dictionary_terminal_attributes_reading_utils.h"
 #include "suggest/core/dictionary/binary_format.h"
 
 namespace latinime {
@@ -33,60 +34,66 @@
  public:
     class ShortcutIterator {
      public:
-        ShortcutIterator(const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const binaryDictionaryInfo, const int pos,
-                const uint8_t flags)
-                : mBinaryDicitionaryInfo(binaryDictionaryInfo), mPos(pos),
-                  mHasNextShortcutTarget(0 != (flags & BinaryFormat::FLAG_HAS_SHORTCUT_TARGETS)) {
-        }
+        ShortcutIterator(const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const binaryDictionaryInfo,
+                const int shortcutPos, const bool hasShortcutList)
+                : mBinaryDictionaryInfo(binaryDictionaryInfo), mPos(shortcutPos),
+                  mHasNextShortcutTarget(hasShortcutList) {}
 
         inline bool hasNextShortcutTarget() const {
             return mHasNextShortcutTarget;
         }
 
-        // Gets the shortcut target itself as an int string. For parameters and return value
-        // see BinaryFormat::getWordAtAddress.
-        inline int getNextShortcutTarget(const int maxDepth, int *outWord, int *outFreq) {
-            const int shortcutFlags = BinaryFormat::getFlagsAndForwardPointer(
-                    mBinaryDicitionaryInfo->getDictRoot(), &mPos);
-            mHasNextShortcutTarget = 0 != (shortcutFlags & BinaryFormat::FLAG_ATTRIBUTE_HAS_NEXT);
-            unsigned int i;
-            for (i = 0; i < MAX_WORD_LENGTH; ++i) {
-                const int codePoint = BinaryFormat::getCodePointAndForwardPointer(
-                        mBinaryDicitionaryInfo->getDictRoot(), &mPos);
-                if (NOT_A_CODE_POINT == codePoint) break;
-                outWord[i] = codePoint;
+        // Gets the shortcut target itself as an int string and put it to outTarget, put its length
+        // to outTargetLength, put whether it is whitelist to outIsWhitelist.
+        AK_FORCE_INLINE void nextShortcutTarget(
+                const int maxDepth, int *const outTarget, int *const outTargetLength,
+                bool *const outIsWhitelist) {
+            const BinaryDictionaryTerminalAttributesReadingUtils::ShortcutFlags flags =
+                    BinaryDictionaryTerminalAttributesReadingUtils::getFlagsAndForwardPointer(
+                            mBinaryDictionaryInfo, &mPos);
+            mHasNextShortcutTarget =
+                    BinaryDictionaryTerminalAttributesReadingUtils::hasNext(flags);
+            if (outIsWhitelist) {
+                *outIsWhitelist =
+                        BinaryDictionaryTerminalAttributesReadingUtils::isWhitelist(flags);
             }
-            *outFreq = BinaryFormat::getAttributeProbabilityFromFlags(shortcutFlags);
-            return i;
+            if (outTargetLength) {
+                *outTargetLength =
+                        BinaryDictionaryTerminalAttributesReadingUtils::readShortcutTarget(
+                                mBinaryDictionaryInfo, maxDepth, outTarget, &mPos);
+            }
         }
 
      private:
-        const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const mBinaryDicitionaryInfo;
+        const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const mBinaryDictionaryInfo;
         int mPos;
         bool mHasNextShortcutTarget;
     };
 
-    TerminalAttributes(const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const binaryDicitonaryInfo,
-            const uint8_t flags, const int pos)
-            : mBinaryDicitionaryInfo(binaryDicitonaryInfo), mFlags(flags), mStartPos(pos) {
-    }
+    TerminalAttributes(const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const binaryDictionaryInfo,
+            const uint8_t nodeFlags, const int shortcutPos)
+            : mBinaryDictionaryInfo(binaryDictionaryInfo),
+              mNodeFlags(nodeFlags), mShortcutListSizePos(shortcutPos) {}
 
     inline ShortcutIterator getShortcutIterator() const {
         // The size of the shortcuts is stored here so that the whole shortcut chunk can be
         // skipped quickly, so we ignore it.
-        return ShortcutIterator(
-                mBinaryDicitionaryInfo, mStartPos + BinaryFormat::SHORTCUT_LIST_SIZE_SIZE, mFlags);
+        int shortcutPos = mShortcutListSizePos;
+        BinaryDictionaryTerminalAttributesReadingUtils::getShortcutListSizeAndForwardPointer(
+                mBinaryDictionaryInfo, &shortcutPos);
+        const bool hasShortcutList = 0 != (mNodeFlags & BinaryFormat::FLAG_HAS_SHORTCUT_TARGETS);
+        return ShortcutIterator(mBinaryDictionaryInfo, shortcutPos, hasShortcutList);
     }
 
     bool isBlacklistedOrNotAWord() const {
-        return BinaryFormat::hasBlacklistedOrNotAWordFlag(mFlags);
+        return BinaryFormat::hasBlacklistedOrNotAWordFlag(mNodeFlags);
     }
 
  private:
     DISALLOW_IMPLICIT_CONSTRUCTORS(TerminalAttributes);
-    const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const mBinaryDicitionaryInfo;
-    const uint8_t mFlags;
-    const int mStartPos;
+    const BinaryDictionaryInfo *const mBinaryDictionaryInfo;
+    const uint8_t mNodeFlags;
+    const int mShortcutListSizePos;
 };
 } // namespace latinime
 #endif // LATINIME_TERMINAL_ATTRIBUTES_H