diff --git a/audio/aidl/OWNERS b/audio/aidl/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f9a2d6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# Bug component: 48436
+elaurent@google.com
+mnaganov@google.com
diff --git a/audio/common/5.0/Android.bp b/audio/common/5.0/Android.bp
index c4f3d4c..fd8e85f 100644
--- a/audio/common/5.0/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/common/5.0/Android.bp
@@ -20,4 +20,8 @@
     ],
     gen_java: true,
     gen_java_constants: true,
+    apex_available: [
+        "//apex_available:platform",
+        "com.android.bluetooth",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/automotive/can/1.0/default/Android.bp b/automotive/can/1.0/default/Android.bp
index 163fdb7..05691d9 100644
--- a/automotive/can/1.0/default/Android.bp
+++ b/automotive/can/1.0/default/Android.bp
@@ -46,13 +46,7 @@
     vendor: true,
     relative_install_path: "hw",
     srcs: [
-        "CanBus.cpp",
-        "CanBusNative.cpp",
-        "CanBusVirtual.cpp",
-        "CanBusSlcan.cpp",
-        "CanController.cpp",
-        "CanSocket.cpp",
-        "CloseHandle.cpp",
+        ":automotiveCanV1.0_sources",
         "service.cpp",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
@@ -66,3 +60,22 @@
     ],
     vintf_fragments: ["manifest_android.hardware.automotive.can@1.0.xml"],
 }
+
+filegroup {
+    name: "automotiveCanV1.0_sources",
+    srcs: [
+        "CanBus.cpp",
+        "CanBusNative.cpp",
+        "CanBusVirtual.cpp",
+        "CanBusSlcan.cpp",
+        "CanController.cpp",
+        "CanSocket.cpp",
+        "CloseHandle.cpp",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_library_headers {
+    name: "automotiveCanV1.0_headers",
+    vendor: true,
+    export_include_dirs: ["."],
+}
diff --git a/automotive/can/1.0/default/tests/fuzzer/Android.bp b/automotive/can/1.0/default/tests/fuzzer/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..52b43b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/can/1.0/default/tests/fuzzer/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+cc_fuzz {
+    name: "automotiveCanV1.0_fuzzer",
+    vendor: true,
+    defaults: ["android.hardware.automotive.can@defaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "AutomotiveCanV1_0Fuzzer.cpp",
+        ":automotiveCanV1.0_sources",
+    ],
+    header_libs: [
+        "automotiveCanV1.0_headers",
+        "android.hardware.automotive.can@hidl-utils-lib",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.automotive.can@1.0",
+        "libhidlbase",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.automotive.can@libnetdevice",
+        "android.hardware.automotive@libc++fs",
+        "libnl++",
+    ],
+    fuzz_config: {
+        cc: [
+            "android-media-fuzzing-reports@google.com",
+        ],
+        componentid: 533764,
+    },
+}
diff --git a/automotive/can/1.0/default/tests/fuzzer/AutomotiveCanV1_0Fuzzer.cpp b/automotive/can/1.0/default/tests/fuzzer/AutomotiveCanV1_0Fuzzer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96110db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/can/1.0/default/tests/fuzzer/AutomotiveCanV1_0Fuzzer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+#include "AutomotiveCanV1_0Fuzzer.h"
+
+namespace android::hardware::automotive::can::V1_0::implementation::fuzzer {
+
+constexpr CanController::InterfaceType kInterfaceType[] = {CanController::InterfaceType::VIRTUAL,
+                                                           CanController::InterfaceType::SOCKETCAN,
+                                                           CanController::InterfaceType::SLCAN};
+constexpr FilterFlag kFilterFlag[] = {FilterFlag::DONT_CARE, FilterFlag::SET, FilterFlag::NOT_SET};
+constexpr size_t kInterfaceTypeLength = std::size(kInterfaceType);
+constexpr size_t kFilterFlagLength = std::size(kFilterFlag);
+constexpr size_t kMaxCharacters = 30;
+constexpr size_t kMaxPayloadBytes = 64;
+constexpr size_t kMaxFilters = 20;
+constexpr size_t kMaxSerialNumber = 1000;
+constexpr size_t kMaxBuses = 10;
+constexpr size_t kMaxRepeat = 5;
+
+Bus CanFuzzer::makeBus() {
+    ICanController::BusConfig config = {};
+    if (mBusNames.size() > 0 && mLastInterface < mBusNames.size()) {
+        config.name = mBusNames[mLastInterface++];
+    } else {
+        config.name = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeRandomLengthString(kMaxCharacters);
+    }
+    config.interfaceId.virtualif({mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeRandomLengthString(kMaxCharacters)});
+    return Bus(mCanController, config);
+}
+
+void CanFuzzer::getSupportedInterfaceTypes() {
+    hidl_vec<CanController::InterfaceType> iftypesResult;
+    mCanController->getSupportedInterfaceTypes(hidl_utils::fill(&iftypesResult));
+}
+
+hidl_vec<hidl_string> CanFuzzer::getBusNames() {
+    hidl_vec<hidl_string> services = {};
+    if (auto manager = hidl::manager::V1_2::IServiceManager::getService(); manager) {
+        manager->listManifestByInterface(ICanBus::descriptor, hidl_utils::fill(&services));
+    }
+    return services;
+}
+
+void CanFuzzer::invokeUpInterface() {
+    const CanController::InterfaceType iftype =
+            kInterfaceType[mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(
+                    0, kInterfaceTypeLength - 1)];
+    std::string configName;
+
+    if (const bool shouldInvokeValidBus = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeBool();
+        (shouldInvokeValidBus) && (mBusNames.size() > 0)) {
+        const size_t busNameIndex =
+                mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(0, mBusNames.size() - 1);
+        configName = mBusNames[busNameIndex];
+    } else {
+        configName = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeRandomLengthString(kMaxCharacters);
+    }
+    const std::string ifname = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeRandomLengthString(kMaxCharacters);
+
+    ICanController::BusConfig config = {.name = configName};
+
+    if (iftype == CanController::InterfaceType::SOCKETCAN) {
+        CanController::BusConfig::InterfaceId::Socketcan socketcan = {};
+        if (const bool shouldPassSerialSocket = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeBool();
+            shouldPassSerialSocket) {
+            socketcan.serialno(
+                    {mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegralInRange<uint32_t>(0, kMaxSerialNumber)});
+        } else {
+            socketcan.ifname(ifname);
+        }
+        config.interfaceId.socketcan(socketcan);
+    } else if (iftype == CanController::InterfaceType::SLCAN) {
+        CanController::BusConfig::InterfaceId::Slcan slcan = {};
+        if (const bool shouldPassSerialSlcan = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeBool();
+            shouldPassSerialSlcan) {
+            slcan.serialno(
+                    {mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegralInRange<uint32_t>(0, kMaxSerialNumber)});
+        } else {
+            slcan.ttyname(ifname);
+        }
+        config.interfaceId.slcan(slcan);
+    } else if (iftype == CanController::InterfaceType::VIRTUAL) {
+        config.interfaceId.virtualif({ifname});
+    }
+
+    const size_t numInvocations =
+            mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(0, kMaxRepeat);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < numInvocations; ++i) {
+        mCanController->upInterface(config);
+    }
+}
+
+void CanFuzzer::invokeDownInterface() {
+    hidl_string configName;
+    if (const bool shouldInvokeValidBus = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeBool();
+        (shouldInvokeValidBus) && (mBusNames.size() > 0)) {
+        const size_t busNameIndex =
+                mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(0, mBusNames.size() - 1);
+        configName = mBusNames[busNameIndex];
+    } else {
+        configName = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeRandomLengthString(kMaxCharacters);
+    }
+
+    const size_t numInvocations =
+            mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(0, kMaxRepeat);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < numInvocations; ++i) {
+        mCanController->downInterface(configName);
+    }
+}
+
+void CanFuzzer::invokeController() {
+    getSupportedInterfaceTypes();
+    invokeUpInterface();
+    invokeDownInterface();
+}
+
+void CanFuzzer::invokeBus() {
+    const size_t numBuses = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(1, kMaxBuses);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < numBuses; ++i) {
+        if (const bool shouldSendMessage = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeBool(); shouldSendMessage) {
+            auto sendingBus = makeBus();
+            CanMessage msg = {.id = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegral<uint32_t>()};
+            uint32_t numPayloadBytes =
+                    mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegralInRange<uint32_t>(0, kMaxPayloadBytes);
+            hidl_vec<uint8_t> payload(numPayloadBytes);
+            for (uint32_t j = 0; j < numPayloadBytes; ++j) {
+                payload[j] = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegral<uint32_t>();
+            }
+            msg.payload = payload;
+            msg.remoteTransmissionRequest = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeBool();
+            msg.isExtendedId = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeBool();
+            sendingBus.send(msg);
+        } else {
+            auto listeningBus = makeBus();
+            uint32_t numFilters =
+                    mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegralInRange<uint32_t>(1, kMaxFilters);
+            hidl_vec<CanMessageFilter> filterVector(numFilters);
+            for (uint32_t k = 0; k < numFilters; ++k) {
+                filterVector[k].id = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegral<uint32_t>();
+                filterVector[k].mask = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegral<uint32_t>();
+                filterVector[k].rtr =
+                        kFilterFlag[mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(
+                                0, kFilterFlagLength - 1)];
+                filterVector[k].extendedFormat =
+                        kFilterFlag[mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeIntegralInRange<size_t>(
+                                0, kFilterFlagLength - 1)];
+                filterVector[k].exclude = mFuzzedDataProvider->ConsumeBool();
+            }
+            auto listener = listeningBus.listen(filterVector);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CanFuzzer::deInit() {
+    mCanController.clear();
+    if (mFuzzedDataProvider) {
+        delete mFuzzedDataProvider;
+    }
+    mBusNames = {};
+}
+
+void CanFuzzer::process(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
+    mFuzzedDataProvider = new FuzzedDataProvider(data, size);
+    invokeController();
+    invokeBus();
+}
+
+bool CanFuzzer::init() {
+    mCanController = sp<CanController>::make();
+    if (!mCanController) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    mBusNames = getBusNames();
+    return true;
+}
+
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
+    if (size < 1) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    CanFuzzer canFuzzer;
+    if (canFuzzer.init()) {
+        canFuzzer.process(data, size);
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::automotive::can::V1_0::implementation::fuzzer
diff --git a/automotive/can/1.0/default/tests/fuzzer/AutomotiveCanV1_0Fuzzer.h b/automotive/can/1.0/default/tests/fuzzer/AutomotiveCanV1_0Fuzzer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..930cddd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/can/1.0/default/tests/fuzzer/AutomotiveCanV1_0Fuzzer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at:
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *
+ */
+#ifndef __AUTOMOTIVE_CAN_V1_0_FUZZER_H__
+#define __AUTOMOTIVE_CAN_V1_0_FUZZER_H__
+#include <CanController.h>
+#include <android/hidl/manager/1.2/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <fuzzer/FuzzedDataProvider.h>
+#include <hidl-utils/hidl-utils.h>
+
+namespace android::hardware::automotive::can::V1_0::implementation::fuzzer {
+
+using ::android::sp;
+
+struct CanMessageListener : public can::V1_0::ICanMessageListener {
+    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(CanMessageListener);
+
+    CanMessageListener() {}
+
+    virtual Return<void> onReceive(const can::V1_0::CanMessage& msg) override {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMessagesGuard);
+        mMessages.push_back(msg);
+        mMessagesUpdated.notify_one();
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    virtual ~CanMessageListener() {
+        if (mCloseHandle) {
+            mCloseHandle->close();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void assignCloseHandle(sp<ICloseHandle> closeHandle) { mCloseHandle = closeHandle; }
+
+  private:
+    sp<ICloseHandle> mCloseHandle;
+
+    std::mutex mMessagesGuard;
+    std::condition_variable mMessagesUpdated GUARDED_BY(mMessagesGuard);
+    std::vector<can::V1_0::CanMessage> mMessages GUARDED_BY(mMessagesGuard);
+};
+
+struct Bus {
+    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(Bus);
+
+    Bus(sp<ICanController> controller, const ICanController::BusConfig& config)
+        : mIfname(config.name), mController(controller) {
+        const auto result = controller->upInterface(config);
+        const auto manager = hidl::manager::V1_2::IServiceManager::getService();
+        const auto service = manager->get(ICanBus::descriptor, config.name);
+        mBus = ICanBus::castFrom(service);
+    }
+
+    virtual ~Bus() { reset(); }
+
+    void reset() {
+        mBus.clear();
+        if (mController) {
+            mController->downInterface(mIfname);
+            mController.clear();
+        }
+    }
+
+    ICanBus* operator->() const { return mBus.get(); }
+    sp<ICanBus> get() { return mBus; }
+
+    sp<CanMessageListener> listen(const hidl_vec<CanMessageFilter>& filter) {
+        sp<CanMessageListener> listener = sp<CanMessageListener>::make();
+
+        if (!mBus) {
+            return listener;
+        }
+        Result result;
+        sp<ICloseHandle> closeHandle;
+        mBus->listen(filter, listener, hidl_utils::fill(&result, &closeHandle)).assertOk();
+        listener->assignCloseHandle(closeHandle);
+
+        return listener;
+    }
+
+    void send(const CanMessage& msg) {
+        if (!mBus) {
+            return;
+        }
+        mBus->send(msg);
+    }
+
+  private:
+    const std::string mIfname;
+    sp<ICanController> mController;
+    sp<ICanBus> mBus;
+};
+
+class CanFuzzer {
+  public:
+    ~CanFuzzer() { deInit(); }
+    bool init();
+    void process(const uint8_t* data, size_t size);
+    void deInit();
+
+  private:
+    Bus makeBus();
+    hidl_vec<hidl_string> getBusNames();
+    void getSupportedInterfaceTypes();
+    void invokeBus();
+    void invokeController();
+    void invokeUpInterface();
+    void invokeDownInterface();
+    FuzzedDataProvider* mFuzzedDataProvider = nullptr;
+    sp<CanController> mCanController = nullptr;
+    hidl_vec<hidl_string> mBusNames = {};
+    unsigned mLastInterface = 0;
+};
+}  // namespace android::hardware::automotive::can::V1_0::implementation::fuzzer
+
+#endif  // __AUTOMOTIVE_CAN_V1_0_FUZZER_H__
diff --git a/automotive/evs/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalEvsV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/automotive/evs/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalEvsV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index ad607d8..9c72acd 100644
--- a/automotive/evs/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalEvsV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/automotive/evs/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalEvsV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 
 // These values are called out in the EVS design doc (as of Mar 8, 2017)
-static const int kMaxStreamStartMilliseconds = 500;
+static const int kMaxStreamStartMilliseconds = 1000;
 static const int kMinimumFramesPerSecond = 10;
 
 static const int kSecondsToMilliseconds = 1000;
@@ -332,11 +332,6 @@
         printf("Measured time to first frame %0.2f ms\n", timeToFirstFrame * kNanoToMilliseconds);
         ALOGI("Measured time to first frame %0.2f ms", timeToFirstFrame * kNanoToMilliseconds);
 
-        // Check aspect ratio
-        unsigned width = 0, height = 0;
-        frameHandler->getFrameDimension(&width, &height);
-        EXPECT_GE(width, height);
-
         // Wait a bit, then ensure we get at least the required minimum number of frames
         sleep(5);
         nsecs_t end = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
@@ -370,7 +365,7 @@
     ALOGI("Starting CameraStreamBuffering test");
 
     // Arbitrary constant (should be > 1 and not too big)
-    static const unsigned int kBuffersToHold = 6;
+    static const unsigned int kBuffersToHold = 2;
 
     // Get the camera list
     loadCameraList();
diff --git a/automotive/evs/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalEvsV1_1TargetTest.cpp b/automotive/evs/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalEvsV1_1TargetTest.cpp
index c33a2e7..84323ea 100644
--- a/automotive/evs/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalEvsV1_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/automotive/evs/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalEvsV1_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -499,11 +499,6 @@
                   << std::scientific << timeToFirstFrame * kNanoToMilliseconds
                   << " ms.";
 
-        // Check aspect ratio
-        unsigned width = 0, height = 0;
-        frameHandler->getFrameDimension(&width, &height);
-        EXPECT_GE(width, height);
-
         // Wait a bit, then ensure we get at least the required minimum number of frames
         sleep(5);
         nsecs_t end = systemTime(SYSTEM_TIME_MONOTONIC);
@@ -541,7 +536,7 @@
     LOG(INFO) << "Starting CameraStreamBuffering test";
 
     // Arbitrary constant (should be > 1 and not too big)
-    static const unsigned int kBuffersToHold = 6;
+    static const unsigned int kBuffersToHold = 2;
 
     // Get the camera list
     loadCameraList();
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
deleted file mode 100644
index e64e942..0000000
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-package {
-    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
-    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
-    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
-    // to get the below license kinds:
-    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
-    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
-}
-
-cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleV2_0TargetTest",
-    defaults: [
-        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
-    ],
-    srcs: [
-        "VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleV2_0TargetTest.cpp",
-    ],
-    shared_libs: [
-        "libbase",
-        "libhidlbase",
-        "liblog",
-    ],
-    static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0",
-    ],
-    test_suites: [
-        "vts",
-        "general-tests",
-    ],
-}
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleV2_0TargetTest.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 8adec84..0000000
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,263 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#define LOG_TAG "VtsHalAutomotiveVehicle"
-
-#include <android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/2.0/IVehicle.h>
-#include <utils/Log.h>
-#include <unordered_set>
-
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
-#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
-
-using namespace android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::V2_0;
-using ::android::sp;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
-using ::android::hardware::Return;
-
-constexpr auto kTimeout = std::chrono::milliseconds(500);
-constexpr auto kInvalidProp = 0x31600207;
-
-class VtsVehicleCallback : public IVehicleCallback {
-  private:
-    using MutexGuard = std::lock_guard<std::mutex>;
-    using HidlVecOfValues = hidl_vec<VehiclePropValue>;
-    std::mutex mLock;
-    std::condition_variable mEventCond;
-    std::vector<HidlVecOfValues> mReceivedEvents;
-
-  public:
-    Return<void> onPropertyEvent(const hidl_vec<VehiclePropValue>& values) override {
-        {
-            MutexGuard guard(mLock);
-            mReceivedEvents.push_back(values);
-        }
-        mEventCond.notify_one();
-        return Return<void>();
-    }
-
-    Return<void> onPropertySet(const VehiclePropValue& /* value */) override {
-        return Return<void>();
-    }
-    Return<void> onPropertySetError(StatusCode /* errorCode */, int32_t /* propId */,
-                                    int32_t /* areaId */) override {
-        return Return<void>();
-    }
-
-    bool waitForExpectedEvents(size_t expectedEvents) {
-        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> g(mLock);
-
-        if (expectedEvents == 0 && mReceivedEvents.size() == 0) {
-            return mEventCond.wait_for(g, kTimeout) == std::cv_status::timeout;
-        }
-
-        while (expectedEvents != mReceivedEvents.size()) {
-            if (mEventCond.wait_for(g, kTimeout) == std::cv_status::timeout) {
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    void reset() { mReceivedEvents.clear(); }
-};
-
-class VehicleHalHidlTest : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
-  public:
-    virtual void SetUp() override {
-        mVehicle = IVehicle::getService(GetParam());
-        ASSERT_NE(mVehicle.get(), nullptr);
-    }
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-    sp<IVehicle> mVehicle;
-
-    bool isBooleanGlobalProp(int32_t property) {
-        return (property & (int)VehiclePropertyType::MASK) == (int)VehiclePropertyType::BOOLEAN &&
-               (property & (int)VehicleArea::MASK) == (int)VehicleArea::GLOBAL;
-    }
-
-    void invokeGet(int32_t property, int32_t areaId) {
-        VehiclePropValue requestedValue{};
-        requestedValue.prop = property;
-        requestedValue.areaId = areaId;
-
-        invokeGet(requestedValue);
-    }
-
-    void invokeGet(const VehiclePropValue& requestedPropValue) {
-        mActualValue = VehiclePropValue{};  // reset previous values
-
-        StatusCode refStatus;
-        VehiclePropValue refValue;
-        bool isCalled = false;
-        mVehicle->get(requestedPropValue,
-                      [&refStatus, &refValue, &isCalled](StatusCode status,
-                                                         const VehiclePropValue& value) {
-                          refStatus = status;
-                          refValue = value;
-                          isCalled = true;
-                      });
-        ASSERT_TRUE(isCalled) << "callback wasn't called for property: " << requestedPropValue.prop;
-
-        mActualValue = refValue;
-        mActualStatusCode = refStatus;
-    }
-
-    VehiclePropValue mActualValue;
-    StatusCode mActualStatusCode;
-};
-
-// Test getAllPropConfig() returns at least 4 property configs.
-TEST_P(VehicleHalHidlTest, getAllPropConfigs) {
-    ALOGD("VehicleHalHidlTest::getAllPropConfigs");
-    bool isCalled = false;
-    hidl_vec<VehiclePropConfig> propConfigs;
-    mVehicle->getAllPropConfigs([&isCalled, &propConfigs](const hidl_vec<VehiclePropConfig>& cfgs) {
-        propConfigs = cfgs;
-        isCalled = true;
-    });
-    ASSERT_TRUE(isCalled);
-    ASSERT_GE(propConfigs.size(), 4);
-}
-
-// Test getPropConfig() can query all properties listed in CDD.
-TEST_P(VehicleHalHidlTest, getPropConfigs) {
-    ALOGD("VehicleHalHidlTest::getPropConfigs");
-    // Check the properties listed in CDD
-    hidl_vec<int32_t> properties = {
-            (int)VehicleProperty::GEAR_SELECTION, (int)VehicleProperty::NIGHT_MODE,
-            (int)VehicleProperty::PARKING_BRAKE_ON, (int)VehicleProperty::PERF_VEHICLE_SPEED};
-    bool isCalled = false;
-    mVehicle->getPropConfigs(
-            properties, [&isCalled](StatusCode status, const hidl_vec<VehiclePropConfig>& cfgs) {
-                ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK, status);
-                ASSERT_EQ(4u, cfgs.size());
-                isCalled = true;
-            });
-    ASSERT_TRUE(isCalled);
-}
-
-// Test getPropConfig() with an invalid propertyId returns an error code.
-TEST_P(VehicleHalHidlTest, getPropConfigsWithInvalidProp) {
-    ALOGD("VehicleHalHidlTest::getPropConfigsWithInvalidProp");
-    hidl_vec<int32_t> properties = {kInvalidProp};
-    bool isCalled = false;
-    mVehicle->getPropConfigs(
-            properties, [&isCalled](StatusCode status, const hidl_vec<VehiclePropConfig>& cfgs) {
-                ASSERT_NE(StatusCode::OK, status);
-                ASSERT_EQ(0, cfgs.size());
-                isCalled = true;
-            });
-    ASSERT_TRUE(isCalled);
-}
-
-// Test get() return current value for properties.
-TEST_P(VehicleHalHidlTest, get) {
-    ALOGD("VehicleHalHidlTest::get");
-    invokeGet((int)VehicleProperty::PERF_VEHICLE_SPEED, 0);
-    ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK, mActualStatusCode);
-}
-
-// Test get() with an invalid propertyId return an error codes.
-TEST_P(VehicleHalHidlTest, getInvalidProp) {
-    ALOGD("VehicleHalHidlTest::getInvalidProp");
-
-    invokeGet(kInvalidProp, 0);
-    ASSERT_NE(StatusCode::OK, mActualStatusCode);
-}
-
-// Test set() on read_write properties.
-TEST_P(VehicleHalHidlTest, setProp) {
-    ALOGD("VehicleHalHidlTest::setProp");
-    hidl_vec<VehiclePropConfig> propConfigs;
-    // skip hvac related properties
-    std::unordered_set<int32_t> hvacProps = {(int)VehicleProperty::HVAC_DEFROSTER,
-                                             (int)VehicleProperty::HVAC_AC_ON,
-                                             (int)VehicleProperty::HVAC_MAX_AC_ON,
-                                             (int)VehicleProperty::HVAC_MAX_DEFROST_ON,
-                                             (int)VehicleProperty::HVAC_RECIRC_ON,
-                                             (int)VehicleProperty::HVAC_DUAL_ON,
-                                             (int)VehicleProperty::HVAC_AUTO_ON,
-                                             (int)VehicleProperty::HVAC_POWER_ON,
-                                             (int)VehicleProperty::HVAC_AUTO_RECIRC_ON,
-                                             (int)VehicleProperty::HVAC_ELECTRIC_DEFROSTER_ON};
-    mVehicle->getAllPropConfigs(
-            [&propConfigs](const hidl_vec<VehiclePropConfig>& cfgs) { propConfigs = cfgs; });
-    for (const VehiclePropConfig& cfg : propConfigs) {
-        // test on boolean and writable property
-        if (cfg.access == VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE && isBooleanGlobalProp(cfg.prop) &&
-            !hvacProps.count(cfg.prop)) {
-            invokeGet(cfg.prop, 0);
-            int setValue = mActualValue.value.int32Values[0] == 1 ? 0 : 1;
-            VehiclePropValue propToSet = mActualValue;
-            propToSet.value.int32Values[0] = setValue;
-            ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK, mVehicle->set(propToSet))
-                    << "Invalid status code for setting property: " << cfg.prop;
-            // check set success
-            invokeGet(cfg.prop, 0);
-            ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK, mActualStatusCode);
-            ASSERT_EQ(setValue, mActualValue.value.int32Values[0])
-                    << "Failed to set value for property: " << cfg.prop;
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-// Test set() on an read_only property.
-TEST_P(VehicleHalHidlTest, setNotWritableProp) {
-    ALOGD("VehicleHalHidlTest::setNotWritableProp");
-    invokeGet(static_cast<int>(VehicleProperty::PERF_VEHICLE_SPEED), 0);
-    ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK, mActualStatusCode);
-    VehiclePropValue vehicleSpeed = mActualValue;
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::ACCESS_DENIED, mVehicle->set(vehicleSpeed));
-}
-
-// Test subscribe() and unsubscribe().
-TEST_P(VehicleHalHidlTest, subscribeAndUnsubscribe) {
-    ALOGD("VehicleHalHidlTest::subscribeAndUnsubscribe");
-    const auto prop = static_cast<int>(VehicleProperty::PERF_VEHICLE_SPEED);
-    sp<VtsVehicleCallback> cb = new VtsVehicleCallback();
-
-    hidl_vec<SubscribeOptions> options = {
-            SubscribeOptions{.propId = prop, 100.0, .flags = SubscribeFlags::EVENTS_FROM_CAR}};
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK, mVehicle->subscribe(cb, options));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(cb->waitForExpectedEvents(10));
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(StatusCode::OK, mVehicle->unsubscribe(cb, prop));
-    cb->reset();
-    ASSERT_FALSE(cb->waitForExpectedEvents(10));
-}
-
-// Test subscribe() with an invalid property.
-TEST_P(VehicleHalHidlTest, subscribeInvalidProp) {
-    ALOGD("VehicleHalHidlTest::subscribeInvalidProp");
-
-    sp<VtsVehicleCallback> cb = new VtsVehicleCallback();
-
-    hidl_vec<SubscribeOptions> options = {SubscribeOptions{
-            .propId = kInvalidProp, 10.0, .flags = SubscribeFlags::EVENTS_FROM_CAR}};
-
-    ASSERT_NE(StatusCode::OK, mVehicle->subscribe(cb, options));
-}
-
-GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(VehicleHalHidlTest);
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
-        PerInstance, VehicleHalHidlTest,
-        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IVehicle::descriptor)),
-        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/TEST_MAPPING b/automotive/vehicle/TEST_MAPPING
index ff6f3be..7e42554 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -24,5 +24,10 @@
     {
       "name": "DefaultVehicleHalTest"
     }
+  ],
+  "auto-presubmit": [
+    {
+      "name": "VtsHalAutomotiveVehicle_TargetTest"
+    }
   ]
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/IVehicle.aidl b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/IVehicle.aidl
index a947963..dc9b876 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/IVehicle.aidl
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/IVehicle.aidl
@@ -165,6 +165,11 @@
      *    a property set failure message sent from the vehicle bus.
      * @param options List of options to subscribe. SubscribeOption contains
      *    information such as property Id, area Id, sample rate, etc.
+     *    For continuous properties, sample rate must be provided. If sample
+     *    rate is less than {@link VehiclePropConfig#minSampleRate}, the sample
+     *    rate would be minSampleRate. If sample rate is larger than
+     *    {@link VehiclePropValue#maxSampleRate}, the sample rate would be
+     *    maxSampleRate.
      * @param maxSharedMemoryFileCount The maximum number of shared memory files
      *    allocated for in VHAL for this subscription. When a memory file is
      *    handled back to the client, it cannot be used by VHAL to deliver
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/include/FakeVehicleHardware.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/include/FakeVehicleHardware.h
index 9634c80..1c076d3 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/include/FakeVehicleHardware.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/include/FakeVehicleHardware.h
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@
 
 class FakeVehicleHardware : public IVehicleHardware {
   public:
+    using ValueResultType = VhalResult<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType>;
+
     FakeVehicleHardware();
 
     explicit FakeVehicleHardware(std::unique_ptr<VehiclePropValuePool> valuePool);
@@ -85,10 +87,10 @@
     const std::shared_ptr<VehiclePropValuePool> mValuePool;
     const std::shared_ptr<VehiclePropertyStore> mServerSidePropStore;
 
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> getValue(
+    ValueResultType getValue(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value) const;
 
-    android::base::Result<void> setValue(
+    VhalResult<void> setValue(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value);
 
   private:
@@ -115,19 +117,19 @@
     // Override the properties using config files in 'overrideDir'.
     void overrideProperties(const char* overrideDir);
 
-    android::base::Result<void> maybeSetSpecialValue(
+    VhalResult<void> maybeSetSpecialValue(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value,
             bool* isSpecialValue);
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> maybeGetSpecialValue(
+    ValueResultType maybeGetSpecialValue(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value,
             bool* isSpecialValue) const;
-    android::base::Result<void> setApPowerStateReport(
+    VhalResult<void> setApPowerStateReport(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value);
     VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType createApPowerStateReq(
             aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleApPowerStateReq state);
-    android::base::Result<void> setUserHalProp(
+    VhalResult<void> setUserHalProp(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value);
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> getUserHalProp(
+    ValueResultType getUserHalProp(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value) const;
     bool isHvacPropAndHvacNotAvailable(int32_t propId);
 
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/src/FakeVehicleHardware.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/src/FakeVehicleHardware.cpp
index a78d989..462506d 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/src/FakeVehicleHardware.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/src/FakeVehicleHardware.cpp
@@ -191,13 +191,13 @@
     return req;
 }
 
-Result<void> FakeVehicleHardware::setApPowerStateReport(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
+VhalResult<void> FakeVehicleHardware::setApPowerStateReport(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
     auto updatedValue = mValuePool->obtain(value);
     updatedValue->timestamp = elapsedRealtimeNano();
 
     if (auto writeResult = mServerSidePropStore->writeValue(std::move(updatedValue));
         !writeResult.ok()) {
-        return Error(getIntErrorCode(writeResult))
+        return StatusError(getErrorCode(writeResult))
                << "failed to write value into property store, error: " << getErrorMsg(writeResult);
     }
 
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@
             if (auto writeResult =
                         mServerSidePropStore->writeValue(std::move(prop), /*updateStatus=*/true);
                 !writeResult.ok()) {
-                return Error(getIntErrorCode(writeResult))
+                return StatusError(getErrorCode(writeResult))
                        << "failed to write AP_POWER_STATE_REQ into property store, error: "
                        << getErrorMsg(writeResult);
             }
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@
             if (auto writeResult =
                         mServerSidePropStore->writeValue(std::move(prop), /*updateStatus=*/true);
                 !writeResult.ok()) {
-                return Error(getIntErrorCode(writeResult))
+                return StatusError(getErrorCode(writeResult))
                        << "failed to write AP_POWER_STATE_REQ into property store, error: "
                        << getErrorMsg(writeResult);
             }
@@ -268,10 +268,10 @@
     return false;
 }
 
-Result<void> FakeVehicleHardware::setUserHalProp(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
+VhalResult<void> FakeVehicleHardware::setUserHalProp(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
     auto result = mFakeUserHal->onSetProperty(value);
     if (!result.ok()) {
-        return Error(getIntErrorCode(result))
+        return StatusError(getErrorCode(result))
                << "onSetProperty(): HAL returned error: " << getErrorMsg(result);
     }
     auto& updatedValue = result.value();
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@
               updatedValue->toString().c_str());
         if (auto writeResult = mServerSidePropStore->writeValue(std::move(result.value()));
             !writeResult.ok()) {
-            return Error(getIntErrorCode(writeResult))
+            return StatusError(getErrorCode(writeResult))
                    << "failed to write value into property store, error: "
                    << getErrorMsg(writeResult);
         }
@@ -288,14 +288,14 @@
     return {};
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeVehicleHardware::getUserHalProp(
+FakeVehicleHardware::ValueResultType FakeVehicleHardware::getUserHalProp(
         const VehiclePropValue& value) const {
     auto propId = value.prop;
     ALOGI("get(): getting value for prop %d from User HAL", propId);
 
     auto result = mFakeUserHal->onGetProperty(value);
     if (!result.ok()) {
-        return Error(getIntErrorCode(result))
+        return StatusError(getErrorCode(result))
                << "get(): User HAL returned error: " << getErrorMsg(result);
     } else {
         auto& gotValue = result.value();
@@ -304,17 +304,16 @@
             gotValue->timestamp = elapsedRealtimeNano();
             return result;
         } else {
-            return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INTERNAL_ERROR))
-                   << "get(): User HAL returned null value";
+            return StatusError(StatusCode::INTERNAL_ERROR) << "get(): User HAL returned null value";
         }
     }
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeVehicleHardware::maybeGetSpecialValue(
+FakeVehicleHardware::ValueResultType FakeVehicleHardware::maybeGetSpecialValue(
         const VehiclePropValue& value, bool* isSpecialValue) const {
     *isSpecialValue = false;
     int32_t propId = value.prop;
-    Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> result;
+    ValueResultType result;
 
     if (mFakeUserHal->isSupported(propId)) {
         *isSpecialValue = true;
@@ -344,8 +343,8 @@
     return nullptr;
 }
 
-Result<void> FakeVehicleHardware::maybeSetSpecialValue(const VehiclePropValue& value,
-                                                       bool* isSpecialValue) {
+VhalResult<void> FakeVehicleHardware::maybeSetSpecialValue(const VehiclePropValue& value,
+                                                           bool* isSpecialValue) {
     *isSpecialValue = false;
     VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType updatedValue;
     int32_t propId = value.prop;
@@ -357,7 +356,7 @@
 
     if (isHvacPropAndHvacNotAvailable(propId)) {
         *isSpecialValue = true;
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE)) << "hvac not available";
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE) << "hvac not available";
     }
 
     switch (propId) {
@@ -396,7 +395,7 @@
             updatedValue->areaId = value.areaId;
             if (auto writeResult = mServerSidePropStore->writeValue(std::move(updatedValue));
                 !writeResult.ok()) {
-                return Error(getIntErrorCode(writeResult))
+                return StatusError(getErrorCode(writeResult))
                        << "failed to write value into property store, error: "
                        << getErrorMsg(writeResult);
             }
@@ -441,13 +440,13 @@
     return StatusCode::OK;
 }
 
-Result<void> FakeVehicleHardware::setValue(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
+VhalResult<void> FakeVehicleHardware::setValue(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
     bool isSpecialValue = false;
     auto setSpecialValueResult = maybeSetSpecialValue(value, &isSpecialValue);
 
     if (isSpecialValue) {
         if (!setSpecialValueResult.ok()) {
-            return Error(getIntErrorCode(setSpecialValueResult))
+            return StatusError(getErrorCode(setSpecialValueResult))
                    << StringPrintf("failed to set special value for property ID: %d, error: %s",
                                    value.prop, getErrorMsg(setSpecialValueResult).c_str());
         }
@@ -460,7 +459,7 @@
 
     auto writeResult = mServerSidePropStore->writeValue(std::move(updatedValue));
     if (!writeResult.ok()) {
-        return Error(getIntErrorCode(writeResult))
+        return StatusError(getErrorCode(writeResult))
                << StringPrintf("failed to write value into property store, error: %s",
                                getErrorMsg(writeResult).c_str());
     }
@@ -501,13 +500,13 @@
     return StatusCode::OK;
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeVehicleHardware::getValue(
+FakeVehicleHardware::ValueResultType FakeVehicleHardware::getValue(
         const VehiclePropValue& value) const {
     bool isSpecialValue = false;
     auto result = maybeGetSpecialValue(value, &isSpecialValue);
     if (isSpecialValue) {
         if (!result.ok()) {
-            return Error(getIntErrorCode(result))
+            return StatusError(getErrorCode(result))
                    << StringPrintf("failed to get special value: %d, error: %s", value.prop,
                                    getErrorMsg(result).c_str());
         } else {
@@ -519,9 +518,9 @@
     if (!readResult.ok()) {
         StatusCode errorCode = getErrorCode(readResult);
         if (errorCode == StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE) {
-            return Error(toInt(errorCode)) << "value has not been set yet";
+            return StatusError(errorCode) << "value has not been set yet";
         } else {
-            return Error(toInt(errorCode))
+            return StatusError(errorCode)
                    << "failed to get value, error: " << getErrorMsg(readResult);
         }
     }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/obd2frame/include/FakeObd2Frame.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/obd2frame/include/FakeObd2Frame.h
index fa6d8f9..4d2ffd0 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/obd2frame/include/FakeObd2Frame.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/obd2frame/include/FakeObd2Frame.h
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig& propConfig);
     void initObd2FreezeFrame(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig& propConfig);
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> getObd2FreezeFrame(
+    VhalResult<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> getObd2FreezeFrame(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue&
                     requestedPropValue) const;
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> getObd2DtcInfo() const;
-    android::base::Result<void> clearObd2FreezeFrames(
+    VhalResult<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> getObd2DtcInfo() const;
+    VhalResult<void> clearObd2FreezeFrames(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& propValue);
     static bool isDiagnosticProperty(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig& propConfig);
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/obd2frame/src/FakeObd2Frame.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/obd2frame/src/FakeObd2Frame.cpp
index 5585fb4..5f9f217 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/obd2frame/src/FakeObd2Frame.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/obd2frame/src/FakeObd2Frame.cpp
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyType;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue;
-using ::android::base::Error;
 using ::android::base::Result;
 
 std::unique_ptr<Obd2SensorStore> FakeObd2Frame::fillDefaultObd2Frame(size_t numVendorIntegerSensors,
@@ -126,37 +125,37 @@
     }
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeObd2Frame::getObd2FreezeFrame(
+VhalResult<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeObd2Frame::getObd2FreezeFrame(
         const VehiclePropValue& requestedPropValue) const {
     if (requestedPropValue.value.int64Values.size() != 1) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                << "asked for OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME without valid timestamp";
     }
     auto readValuesResult = mPropStore->readValuesForProperty(OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME);
     if (!readValuesResult.ok()) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INTERNAL_ERROR))
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INTERNAL_ERROR)
                << "failed to read OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME property: "
                << readValuesResult.error().message();
     }
     if (readValuesResult.value().size() == 0) {
         // Should no freeze frame be available at the given timestamp, a response of NOT_AVAILABLE
         // must be returned by the implementation
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE));
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE);
     }
     auto timestamp = requestedPropValue.value.int64Values[0];
     auto readValueResult = mPropStore->readValue(OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME, /*area=*/0, timestamp);
     if (!readValueResult.ok()) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                << "asked for OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME at invalid timestamp";
     }
     return readValueResult;
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeObd2Frame::getObd2DtcInfo() const {
+VhalResult<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeObd2Frame::getObd2DtcInfo() const {
     std::vector<int64_t> timestamps;
     auto result = mPropStore->readValuesForProperty(OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME);
     if (!result.ok()) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INTERNAL_ERROR))
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INTERNAL_ERROR)
                << "failed to read OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME property: " << result.error().message();
     }
     for (const auto& freezeFrame : result.value()) {
@@ -169,7 +168,7 @@
     return outValue;
 }
 
-Result<void> FakeObd2Frame::clearObd2FreezeFrames(const VehiclePropValue& propValue) {
+VhalResult<void> FakeObd2Frame::clearObd2FreezeFrames(const VehiclePropValue& propValue) {
     if (propValue.value.int64Values.size() == 0) {
         mPropStore->removeValuesForProperty(OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME);
         return {};
@@ -177,7 +176,7 @@
     for (int64_t timestamp : propValue.value.int64Values) {
         auto result = mPropStore->readValue(OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME, 0, timestamp);
         if (!result.ok()) {
-            return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+            return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                    << "asked for OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME at invalid timestamp, error: %s"
                    << result.error().message();
         }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/userhal/include/FakeUserHal.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/userhal/include/FakeUserHal.h
index a220146..4ae9c8c 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/userhal/include/FakeUserHal.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/userhal/include/FakeUserHal.h
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 #include <VehicleHalTypes.h>
 #include <VehicleObjectPool.h>
+#include <VehicleUtils.h>
 
 #include <memory>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -38,6 +39,8 @@
 // Class used to emulate a real User HAL behavior through lshal debug requests.
 class FakeUserHal final {
   public:
+    using ValueResultType = VhalResult<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType>;
+
     explicit FakeUserHal(std::shared_ptr<VehiclePropValuePool> valuePool) : mValuePool(valuePool) {}
 
     ~FakeUserHal() = default;
@@ -48,13 +51,13 @@
     // Lets the emulator set the property.
     //
     // @return updated property and StatusCode
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> onSetProperty(
+    ValueResultType onSetProperty(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value);
 
     // Gets the property value from the emulator.
     //
     // @return property value and StatusCode
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> onGetProperty(
+    ValueResultType onGetProperty(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value) const;
 
     // Shows the User HAL emulation help.
@@ -93,34 +96,33 @@
     // - if it's 2, reply with mInitialUserResponseFromCmd but a wrong request id (so Android can
     // test this error scenario)
     // - if it's 3, then don't send a property change (so Android can emulate a timeout)
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> onSetInitialUserInfoResponse(
+    ValueResultType onSetInitialUserInfoResponse(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value);
 
     // Used to emulate SWITCH_USER - see onSetInitialUserInfoResponse() for usage.
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> onSetSwitchUserResponse(
+    ValueResultType onSetSwitchUserResponse(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value);
 
     // Used to emulate CREATE_USER - see onSetInitialUserInfoResponse() for usage.
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> onSetCreateUserResponse(
+    ValueResultType onSetCreateUserResponse(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value);
 
     // Used to emulate set USER_IDENTIFICATION_ASSOCIATION - see onSetInitialUserInfoResponse() for
     // usage.
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> onSetUserIdentificationAssociation(
+    ValueResultType onSetUserIdentificationAssociation(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value);
 
     // Used to emulate get USER_IDENTIFICATION_ASSOCIATION - see onSetInitialUserInfoResponse() for
     // usage.
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> onGetUserIdentificationAssociation(
+    ValueResultType onGetUserIdentificationAssociation(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value) const;
 
     // Creates a default USER_IDENTIFICATION_ASSOCIATION when it was not set by lshal.
-    static android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType>
-    defaultUserIdentificationAssociation(
+    static ValueResultType defaultUserIdentificationAssociation(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& request);
 
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> sendUserHalResponse(
-            VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType response, int32_t requestId);
+    ValueResultType sendUserHalResponse(VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType response,
+                                        int32_t requestId);
 };
 
 }  // namespace fake
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/userhal/src/FakeUserHal.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/userhal/src/FakeUserHal.cpp
index 9b60053..7748fb6 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/userhal/src/FakeUserHal.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/userhal/src/FakeUserHal.cpp
@@ -51,20 +51,24 @@
 constexpr int32_t USER_IDENTIFICATION_ASSOCIATION =
         toInt(VehicleProperty::USER_IDENTIFICATION_ASSOCIATION);
 
-Result<int32_t> getRequestId(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
+VhalResult<int32_t> getRequestId(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
     if (value.value.int32Values.size() < 1) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                << "no int32Values on property: " << value.toString();
     }
     return value.value.int32Values[0];
 }
 
-Result<SwitchUserMessageType> getSwitchUserMessageType(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
+VhalResult<SwitchUserMessageType> getSwitchUserMessageType(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
     if (value.value.int32Values.size() < 2) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                << "missing switch user message type on property: " << value.toString();
     }
-    return user_hal_helper::verifyAndCast<SwitchUserMessageType>(value.value.int32Values[1]);
+    auto result = user_hal_helper::verifyAndCast<SwitchUserMessageType>(value.value.int32Values[1]);
+    if (!result.ok()) {
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG) << result.error().message();
+    }
+    return result.value();
 }
 
 }  // namespace
@@ -82,8 +86,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeUserHal::onSetProperty(
-        const VehiclePropValue& value) {
+FakeUserHal::ValueResultType FakeUserHal::onSetProperty(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
     ALOGV("onSetProperty(): %s", value.toString().c_str());
 
     switch (value.prop) {
@@ -99,13 +102,12 @@
         case USER_IDENTIFICATION_ASSOCIATION:
             return onSetUserIdentificationAssociation(value);
         default:
-            return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+            return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                    << "Unsupported property: " << value.toString();
     }
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeUserHal::onGetProperty(
-        const VehiclePropValue& value) const {
+FakeUserHal::ValueResultType FakeUserHal::onGetProperty(const VehiclePropValue& value) const {
     ALOGV("onGetProperty(%s)", value.toString().c_str());
     switch (value.prop) {
         case INITIAL_USER_INFO:
@@ -113,16 +115,16 @@
         case CREATE_USER:
         case REMOVE_USER:
             ALOGE("onGetProperty(): %d is only supported on SET", value.prop);
-            return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)) << "only supported on SET";
+            return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG) << "only supported on SET";
         case USER_IDENTIFICATION_ASSOCIATION:
             return onGetUserIdentificationAssociation(value);
         default:
             ALOGE("onGetProperty(): %d is not supported", value.prop);
-            return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)) << "not supported by User HAL";
+            return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG) << "not supported by User HAL";
     }
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeUserHal::onGetUserIdentificationAssociation(
+FakeUserHal::ValueResultType FakeUserHal::onGetUserIdentificationAssociation(
         const VehiclePropValue& value) const {
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
 
@@ -143,7 +145,7 @@
     return newValue;
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeUserHal::onSetInitialUserInfoResponse(
+FakeUserHal::ValueResultType FakeUserHal::onSetInitialUserInfoResponse(
         const VehiclePropValue& value) {
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
 
@@ -178,8 +180,7 @@
     return updatedValue;
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeUserHal::onSetSwitchUserResponse(
-        const VehiclePropValue& value) {
+FakeUserHal::ValueResultType FakeUserHal::onSetSwitchUserResponse(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
 
     auto requestId = getRequestId(value);
@@ -234,8 +235,7 @@
     return updatedValue;
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeUserHal::onSetCreateUserResponse(
-        const VehiclePropValue& value) {
+FakeUserHal::ValueResultType FakeUserHal::onSetCreateUserResponse(const VehiclePropValue& value) {
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
 
     auto requestId = getRequestId(value);
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@
     return updatedValue;
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeUserHal::onSetUserIdentificationAssociation(
+FakeUserHal::ValueResultType FakeUserHal::onSetUserIdentificationAssociation(
         const VehiclePropValue& value) {
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
 
@@ -298,14 +298,14 @@
     return defaultUserIdentificationAssociation(value);
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeUserHal::defaultUserIdentificationAssociation(
+FakeUserHal::ValueResultType FakeUserHal::defaultUserIdentificationAssociation(
         const VehiclePropValue& request) {
     // TODO(b/159498909): return a response with NOT_ASSOCIATED_ANY_USER for all requested types
     ALOGE("no lshal response for %s; replying with NOT_AVAILABLE", request.toString().c_str());
-    return Error(toInt(StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE)) << "not set by lshal";
+    return StatusError(StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE) << "not set by lshal";
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> FakeUserHal::sendUserHalResponse(
+FakeUserHal::ValueResultType FakeUserHal::sendUserHalResponse(
         VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType response, int32_t requestId) {
     switch (response->areaId) {
         case 1:
@@ -319,12 +319,12 @@
         case 3:
             ALOGD("not generating a property change event because of lshal prop: %s",
                   response->toString().c_str());
-            return Error(toInt(StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE))
+            return StatusError(StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE)
                    << "not generating a property change event because of lshal prop: "
                    << response->toString();
         default:
             ALOGE("invalid action on lshal response: %s", response->toString().c_str());
-            return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INTERNAL_ERROR))
+            return StatusError(StatusCode::INTERNAL_ERROR)
                    << "invalid action on lshal response: " << response->toString();
     }
 
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/ConcurrentQueue.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/ConcurrentQueue.h
index 08b56a6..327c0dc 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/ConcurrentQueue.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/ConcurrentQueue.h
@@ -33,12 +33,13 @@
 template <typename T>
 class ConcurrentQueue {
   public:
-    void waitForItems() {
+    bool waitForItems() {
         std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
         android::base::ScopedLockAssertion lockAssertion(mLock);
         while (mQueue.empty() && mIsActive) {
             mCond.wait(lockGuard);
         }
+        return mIsActive;
     }
 
     std::vector<T> flush() {
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/PendingRequestPool.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/PendingRequestPool.h
index dcf5057..3f8db93 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/PendingRequestPool.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/PendingRequestPool.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #ifndef android_hardware_automotive_vehicle_aidl_impl_vhal_include_PendingRequestPool_H_
 #define android_hardware_automotive_vehicle_aidl_impl_vhal_include_PendingRequestPool_H_
 
+#include <VehicleUtils.h>
 #include <android-base/result.h>
 #include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
 
@@ -49,9 +50,9 @@
     // added. Otherwise, they would be added to the request pool.
     // The callback would be called if requests are not finished within {@code mTimeoutInNano}
     // seconds.
-    android::base::Result<void> addRequests(const void* clientId,
-                                            const std::unordered_set<int64_t>& requestIds,
-                                            std::shared_ptr<const TimeoutCallbackFunc> callback);
+    VhalResult<void> addRequests(const void* clientId,
+                                 const std::unordered_set<int64_t>& requestIds,
+                                 std::shared_ptr<const TimeoutCallbackFunc> callback);
 
     // Checks whether the request is currently pending.
     bool isRequestPending(const void* clientId, int64_t requestId) const;
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/VehiclePropertyStore.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/VehiclePropertyStore.h
index 2c7aa97..ddc4f68 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/VehiclePropertyStore.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/VehiclePropertyStore.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 
 #include <VehicleHalTypes.h>
 #include <VehicleObjectPool.h>
+#include <VehicleUtils.h>
 #include <android-base/result.h>
 #include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
 
@@ -42,6 +43,9 @@
 // This class is thread-safe, however it uses blocking synchronization across all methods.
 class VehiclePropertyStore final {
   public:
+    using ValueResultType = VhalResult<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType>;
+    using ValuesResultType = VhalResult<std::vector<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType>>;
+
     explicit VehiclePropertyStore(std::shared_ptr<VehiclePropValuePool> valuePool)
         : mValuePool(valuePool) {}
 
@@ -68,8 +72,8 @@
     // 'status' would be initialized to {@code VehiclePropertyStatus::AVAILABLE}, if this is to
     // override an existing value, the status for the existing value would be used for the
     // overridden value.
-    android::base::Result<void> writeValue(VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType propValue,
-                                           bool updateStatus = false);
+    VhalResult<void> writeValue(VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType propValue,
+                                bool updateStatus = false);
 
     // Remove a given property value from the property store. The 'propValue' would be used to
     // generate the key for the value to remove.
@@ -83,28 +87,26 @@
     std::vector<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> readAllValues() const;
 
     // Read all the values for the property.
-    android::base::Result<std::vector<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType>> readValuesForProperty(
-            int32_t propId) const;
+    ValuesResultType readValuesForProperty(int32_t propId) const;
 
     // Read the value for the requested property. Returns {@code StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE} if the
     // value has not been set yet. Returns {@code StatusCode::INVALID_ARG} if the property is
     // not configured.
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> readValue(
+    ValueResultType readValue(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& request) const;
 
     // Read the value for the requested property. Returns {@code StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE} if the
     // value has not been set yet. Returns {@code StatusCode::INVALID_ARG} if the property is
     // not configured.
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> readValue(int32_t prop,
-                                                                          int32_t area = 0,
-                                                                          int64_t token = 0) const;
+    ValueResultType readValue(int32_t prop, int32_t area = 0, int64_t token = 0) const;
 
     // Get all property configs.
     std::vector<aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig> getAllConfigs()
             const;
 
     // Get the property config for the requested property.
-    android::base::Result<const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig*>
+    android::base::Result<const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig*,
+                          VhalError>
     getConfig(int32_t propId) const;
 
     // Set a callback that would be called when a property value has been updated.
@@ -146,8 +148,7 @@
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& propValue,
             const Record& record) const;
 
-    android::base::Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> readValueLocked(
-            const RecordId& recId, const Record& record) const;
+    ValueResultType readValueLocked(const RecordId& recId, const Record& record) const;
 };
 
 }  // namespace vehicle
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/VehicleUtils.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/VehicleUtils.h
index 1fc5613..6d7d131 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/VehicleUtils.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/include/VehicleUtils.h
@@ -190,59 +190,6 @@
     return size;
 }
 
-template <class T>
-aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode getErrorCode(
-        const android::base::Result<T>& result) {
-    if (result.ok()) {
-        return aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode::OK;
-    }
-    return static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode>(
-            result.error().code());
-}
-
-template <class T>
-int getIntErrorCode(const android::base::Result<T>& result) {
-    return toInt(getErrorCode(result));
-}
-
-template <class T>
-std::string getErrorMsg(const android::base::Result<T>& result) {
-    if (result.ok()) {
-        return "";
-    }
-    return result.error().message();
-}
-
-template <class T>
-ndk::ScopedAStatus toScopedAStatus(const android::base::Result<T>& result,
-                                   aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode status,
-                                   const std::string& additionalErrorMsg) {
-    if (result.ok()) {
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
-    }
-    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
-            toInt(status),
-            fmt::format("{}, error: {}", additionalErrorMsg, getErrorMsg(result)).c_str());
-}
-
-template <class T>
-ndk::ScopedAStatus toScopedAStatus(
-        const android::base::Result<T>& result,
-        aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode status) {
-    return toScopedAStatus(result, status, "");
-}
-
-template <class T>
-ndk::ScopedAStatus toScopedAStatus(const android::base::Result<T>& result) {
-    return toScopedAStatus(result, getErrorCode(result));
-}
-
-template <class T>
-ndk::ScopedAStatus toScopedAStatus(const android::base::Result<T>& result,
-                                   const std::string& additionalErrorMsg) {
-    return toScopedAStatus(result, getErrorCode(result), additionalErrorMsg);
-}
-
 // Check whether the value is valid according to config.
 // We check for the following:
 // *  If the type is INT32, {@code value.int32Values} must contain one element.
@@ -283,6 +230,86 @@
         const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value,
         const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleAreaConfig* config);
 
+// VhalError is a wrapper class for {@code StatusCode} that could act as E in {@code Result<T,E>}.
+class VhalError final {
+  public:
+    VhalError() : mCode(aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode::OK) {}
+
+    VhalError(aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode&& code) : mCode(code) {}
+
+    VhalError(const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode& code) : mCode(code) {}
+
+    aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode value() const;
+
+    inline operator aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode() const {
+        return value();
+    }
+
+    std::string print() const;
+
+  private:
+    aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode mCode;
+};
+
+// VhalResult is a {@code Result} that contains {@code StatusCode} as error type.
+template <class T>
+using VhalResult = android::base::Result<T, VhalError>;
+
+// StatusError could be cast to {@code ResultError} with a {@code StatusCode} and should be used
+// as error type for {@VhalResult}.
+using StatusError = android::base::Error<VhalError>;
+
+template <class T>
+aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode getErrorCode(const VhalResult<T>& result) {
+    if (result.ok()) {
+        return aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode::OK;
+    }
+    return result.error().code();
+}
+
+template <class T>
+int getIntErrorCode(const VhalResult<T>& result) {
+    return toInt(getErrorCode(result));
+}
+
+template <class T, class E>
+std::string getErrorMsg(const android::base::Result<T, E>& result) {
+    if (result.ok()) {
+        return "";
+    }
+    return result.error().message();
+}
+
+template <class T, class E>
+ndk::ScopedAStatus toScopedAStatus(const android::base::Result<T, E>& result,
+                                   aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode status,
+                                   const std::string& additionalErrorMsg) {
+    if (result.ok()) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+            toInt(status),
+            fmt::format("{}, error: {}", additionalErrorMsg, getErrorMsg(result)).c_str());
+}
+
+template <class T, class E>
+ndk::ScopedAStatus toScopedAStatus(
+        const android::base::Result<T, E>& result,
+        aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode status) {
+    return toScopedAStatus(result, status, "");
+}
+
+template <class T>
+ndk::ScopedAStatus toScopedAStatus(const VhalResult<T>& result) {
+    return toScopedAStatus(result, getErrorCode(result));
+}
+
+template <class T>
+ndk::ScopedAStatus toScopedAStatus(const VhalResult<T>& result,
+                                   const std::string& additionalErrorMsg) {
+    return toScopedAStatus(result, getErrorCode(result), additionalErrorMsg);
+}
+
 }  // namespace vehicle
 }  // namespace automotive
 }  // namespace hardware
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/PendingRequestPool.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/PendingRequestPool.cpp
index 23a5403..0196edd 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/PendingRequestPool.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/PendingRequestPool.cpp
@@ -32,11 +32,10 @@
 namespace {
 
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode;
-using ::android::base::Error;
 using ::android::base::Result;
 
 // At least check every 1s.
-constexpr int64_t CHECK_TIME_IN_NANO = 1000000000;
+constexpr int64_t CHECK_TIME_IN_NANO = 1'000'000'000;
 
 }  // namespace
 
@@ -72,9 +71,9 @@
     }
 }
 
-Result<void> PendingRequestPool::addRequests(const void* clientId,
-                                             const std::unordered_set<int64_t>& requestIds,
-                                             std::shared_ptr<const TimeoutCallbackFunc> callback) {
+VhalResult<void> PendingRequestPool::addRequests(
+        const void* clientId, const std::unordered_set<int64_t>& requestIds,
+        std::shared_ptr<const TimeoutCallbackFunc> callback) {
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
     std::list<PendingRequest>* pendingRequests;
     size_t pendingRequestCount = 0;
@@ -84,7 +83,7 @@
             const auto& pendingRequestIds = pendingRequest.requestIds;
             for (int64_t requestId : requestIds) {
                 if (pendingRequestIds.find(requestId) != pendingRequestIds.end()) {
-                    return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+                    return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                            << "duplicate request ID: " << requestId;
                 }
             }
@@ -96,7 +95,7 @@
     }
 
     if (requestIds.size() > MAX_PENDING_REQUEST_PER_CLIENT - pendingRequestCount) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::TRY_AGAIN)) << "too many pending requests";
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::TRY_AGAIN) << "too many pending requests";
     }
 
     int64_t currentTime = elapsedRealtimeNano();
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/VehiclePropertyStore.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/VehiclePropertyStore.cpp
index c1fa896..c8fb994 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/VehiclePropertyStore.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/VehiclePropertyStore.cpp
@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyStatus;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue;
-using ::android::base::Error;
 using ::android::base::Result;
 using ::android::base::StringPrintf;
 
@@ -87,12 +86,12 @@
     return recId;
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> VehiclePropertyStore::readValueLocked(
+VhalResult<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> VehiclePropertyStore::readValueLocked(
         const RecordId& recId, const Record& record) const REQUIRES(mLock) {
     if (auto it = record.values.find(recId); it != record.values.end()) {
         return mValuePool->obtain(*(it->second));
     }
-    return Error(toInt(StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE))
+    return StatusError(StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE)
            << "Record ID: " << recId.toString() << " is not found";
 }
 
@@ -106,19 +105,19 @@
     };
 }
 
-Result<void> VehiclePropertyStore::writeValue(VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType propValue,
-                                              bool updateStatus) {
+VhalResult<void> VehiclePropertyStore::writeValue(VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType propValue,
+                                                  bool updateStatus) {
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> g(mLock);
 
     int32_t propId = propValue->prop;
 
     VehiclePropertyStore::Record* record = getRecordLocked(propId);
     if (record == nullptr) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)) << "property: " << propId << " not registered";
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG) << "property: " << propId << " not registered";
     }
 
     if (!isGlobalProp(propId) && getAreaConfig(*propValue, record->propConfig) == nullptr) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                << "no config for property: " << propId << " area: " << propValue->areaId;
     }
 
@@ -130,7 +129,7 @@
         VehiclePropertyStatus oldStatus = valueToUpdate->status;
         // propValue is outdated and drops it.
         if (oldTimestamp > propValue->timestamp) {
-            return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+            return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                    << "outdated timestamp: " << propValue->timestamp;
         }
         if (!updateStatus) {
@@ -191,15 +190,15 @@
     return allValues;
 }
 
-Result<std::vector<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType>>
-VehiclePropertyStore::readValuesForProperty(int32_t propId) const {
+VehiclePropertyStore::ValuesResultType VehiclePropertyStore::readValuesForProperty(
+        int32_t propId) const {
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> g(mLock);
 
     std::vector<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> values;
 
     const VehiclePropertyStore::Record* record = getRecordLocked(propId);
     if (record == nullptr) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)) << "property: " << propId << " not registered";
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG) << "property: " << propId << " not registered";
     }
 
     for (auto const& [_, value] : record->values) {
@@ -208,28 +207,28 @@
     return values;
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> VehiclePropertyStore::readValue(
+VehiclePropertyStore::ValueResultType VehiclePropertyStore::readValue(
         const VehiclePropValue& propValue) const {
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> g(mLock);
 
     int32_t propId = propValue.prop;
     const VehiclePropertyStore::Record* record = getRecordLocked(propId);
     if (record == nullptr) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)) << "property: " << propId << " not registered";
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG) << "property: " << propId << " not registered";
     }
 
     VehiclePropertyStore::RecordId recId = getRecordIdLocked(propValue, *record);
     return readValueLocked(recId, *record);
 }
 
-Result<VehiclePropValuePool::RecyclableType> VehiclePropertyStore::readValue(int32_t propId,
-                                                                             int32_t areaId,
-                                                                             int64_t token) const {
+VehiclePropertyStore::ValueResultType VehiclePropertyStore::readValue(int32_t propId,
+                                                                      int32_t areaId,
+                                                                      int64_t token) const {
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> g(mLock);
 
     const VehiclePropertyStore::Record* record = getRecordLocked(propId);
     if (record == nullptr) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)) << "property: " << propId << " not registered";
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG) << "property: " << propId << " not registered";
     }
 
     VehiclePropertyStore::RecordId recId{.area = isGlobalProp(propId) ? 0 : areaId, .token = token};
@@ -247,12 +246,12 @@
     return configs;
 }
 
-Result<const VehiclePropConfig*> VehiclePropertyStore::getConfig(int32_t propId) const {
+VhalResult<const VehiclePropConfig*> VehiclePropertyStore::getConfig(int32_t propId) const {
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> g(mLock);
 
     const VehiclePropertyStore::Record* record = getRecordLocked(propId);
     if (record == nullptr) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)) << "property: " << propId << " not registered";
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG) << "property: " << propId << " not registered";
     }
 
     return &record->propConfig;
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/VehicleUtils.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/VehicleUtils.cpp
index 5abde8d..f85728d 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/VehicleUtils.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/VehicleUtils.cpp
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 namespace automotive {
 namespace vehicle {
 
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleAreaConfig;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyGroup;
@@ -204,6 +205,14 @@
     return {};
 }
 
+StatusCode VhalError::value() const {
+    return mCode;
+}
+
+std::string VhalError::print() const {
+    return aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::toString(mCode);
+}
+
 }  // namespace vehicle
 }  // namespace automotive
 }  // namespace hardware
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/test/PendingRequestPoolTest.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/test/PendingRequestPoolTest.cpp
index 9c9e4b9..734c739 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/test/PendingRequestPoolTest.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/test/PendingRequestPoolTest.cpp
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@
     auto result = getPool()->addRequests(reinterpret_cast<const void*>(0),
                                          {static_cast<int64_t>(10000)}, callback);
     ASSERT_FALSE(result.ok()) << "adding more pending requests than limit must fail";
-    ASSERT_EQ(result.error().code(), toInt(StatusCode::TRY_AGAIN));
+    ASSERT_EQ(result.error().code(), StatusCode::TRY_AGAIN);
 
     getPool()->tryFinishRequests(reinterpret_cast<const void*>(0), requests);
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/test/VehiclePropertyStoreTest.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/test/VehiclePropertyStoreTest.cpp
index 1f230e7..4d6f811 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/test/VehiclePropertyStoreTest.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/test/VehiclePropertyStoreTest.cpp
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyStatus;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyType;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue;
-using ::android::base::Result;
 using ::testing::ElementsAre;
 using ::testing::Eq;
 using ::testing::WhenSortedBy;
@@ -103,7 +102,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(VehiclePropertyStoreTest, testGetConfig) {
-    Result<const VehiclePropConfig*> result =
+    VhalResult<const VehiclePropConfig*> result =
             mStore->getConfig(toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY));
 
     ASSERT_RESULT_OK(result);
@@ -111,10 +110,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(VehiclePropertyStoreTest, testGetConfigWithInvalidPropId) {
-    Result<const VehiclePropConfig*> result = mStore->getConfig(INVALID_PROP_ID);
+    VhalResult<const VehiclePropConfig*> result = mStore->getConfig(INVALID_PROP_ID);
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(result.ok()) << "expect error when getting a config for an invalid property ID";
-    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG));
+    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), StatusCode::INVALID_ARG);
 }
 
 std::vector<VehiclePropValue> getTestPropValues() {
@@ -184,7 +183,7 @@
     auto result = mStore->readValuesForProperty(INVALID_PROP_ID);
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(result.ok()) << "expect error when reading values for an invalid property";
-    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG));
+    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), StatusCode::INVALID_ARG);
 }
 
 TEST_F(VehiclePropertyStoreTest, testReadValueOk) {
@@ -224,7 +223,7 @@
     auto result = mStore->readValue(toInt(VehicleProperty::TIRE_PRESSURE), WHEEL_REAR_LEFT);
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(result.ok()) << "expect error when reading a value that has not been written";
-    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), toInt(StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE));
+    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE);
 }
 
 TEST_F(VehiclePropertyStoreTest, testWriteValueError) {
@@ -235,7 +234,7 @@
     auto result = mStore->writeValue(std::move(v));
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(result.ok()) << "expect error when writing value for an invalid property ID";
-    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG));
+    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), StatusCode::INVALID_ARG);
 }
 
 TEST_F(VehiclePropertyStoreTest, testWriteValueNoAreaConfig) {
@@ -248,7 +247,7 @@
     auto result = mStore->writeValue(std::move(v));
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(result.ok()) << "expect error when writing value for an area without config";
-    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG));
+    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), StatusCode::INVALID_ARG);
 }
 
 TEST_F(VehiclePropertyStoreTest, testWriteOutdatedValue) {
@@ -269,7 +268,7 @@
     auto result = mStore->writeValue(std::move(v2));
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(result.ok()) << "expect error when writing an outdated value";
-    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG));
+    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), StatusCode::INVALID_ARG);
 }
 
 TEST_F(VehiclePropertyStoreTest, testToken) {
@@ -317,7 +316,7 @@
     auto result = mStore->readValue(values[0]);
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(result.ok()) << "expect error when reading a removed value";
-    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), toInt(StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE));
+    EXPECT_EQ(result.error().code(), StatusCode::NOT_AVAILABLE);
 
     auto leftTirePressureResult = mStore->readValue(values[1]);
 
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/test/VehicleUtilsTest.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/test/VehicleUtilsTest.cpp
index de8b26d..411539b 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/test/VehicleUtilsTest.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/test/VehicleUtilsTest.cpp
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 
 namespace {
 
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleArea;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleAreaConfig;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig;
@@ -39,6 +40,8 @@
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyGroup;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyType;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue;
+using ::android::base::Error;
+using ::android::base::Result;
 
 struct InvalidPropValueTestCase {
     std::string name;
@@ -759,6 +762,12 @@
     t.join();
 }
 
+TEST(VehicleUtilsTest, testVhalError) {
+    VhalResult<void> result = Error<VhalError>(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG) << "error message";
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(result.error().message(), "error message: INVALID_ARG");
+}
+
 class InvalidPropValueTest : public testing::TestWithParam<InvalidPropValueTestCase> {};
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(InvalidPropValueTests, InvalidPropValueTest,
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/include/ConnectedClient.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/include/ConnectedClient.h
index 5d88f7c..2e7298f 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/include/ConnectedClient.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/include/ConnectedClient.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 
 #include <IVehicleHardware.h>
 #include <VehicleHalTypes.h>
+#include <VehicleUtils.h>
 
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/IVehicleCallback.h>
 #include <android-base/result.h>
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@
     // Returns {@code INVALID_ARG} error if any of the requestIds are duplicate with one of the
     // pending request IDs or {@code TRY_AGAIN} error if the pending request pool is full and could
     // no longer add requests.
-    android::base::Result<void> addRequests(const std::unordered_set<int64_t>& requestIds);
+    VhalResult<void> addRequests(const std::unordered_set<int64_t>& requestIds);
 
     // Marks the requests as finished. Returns a list of request IDs that was pending and has been
     // finished. It must be a set of the requested request IDs.
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/include/DefaultVehicleHal.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/include/DefaultVehicleHal.h
index 9735ed3..f646b6b 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/include/DefaultVehicleHal.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/include/DefaultVehicleHal.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include "PendingRequestPool.h"
 #include "SubscriptionManager.h"
 
+#include <ConcurrentQueue.h>
 #include <IVehicleHardware.h>
 #include <VehicleUtils.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/BnVehicle.h>
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@
 
 #include <memory>
 #include <mutex>
+#include <shared_mutex>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -104,6 +106,8 @@
       public:
         SubscriptionClients(std::shared_ptr<PendingRequestPool> pool) : mPendingRequestPool(pool) {}
 
+        std::shared_ptr<SubscriptionClient> maybeAddClient(const CallbackType& callback);
+
         std::shared_ptr<SubscriptionClient> getClient(const CallbackType& callback);
 
         void removeClient(const AIBinder* clientId);
@@ -118,20 +122,24 @@
         std::shared_ptr<PendingRequestPool> mPendingRequestPool;
     };
 
-    // A wrapper for linkToDeath to enable stubbing for test.
-    class ILinkToDeath {
+    // A wrapper for binder operations to enable stubbing for test.
+    class IBinder {
       public:
-        virtual ~ILinkToDeath() = default;
+        virtual ~IBinder() = default;
 
         virtual binder_status_t linkToDeath(AIBinder* binder, AIBinder_DeathRecipient* recipient,
                                             void* cookie) = 0;
+
+        virtual bool isAlive(const AIBinder* binder) = 0;
     };
 
-    // A real implementation for ILinkToDeath.
-    class AIBinderLinkToDeathImpl final : public ILinkToDeath {
+    // A real implementation for IBinder.
+    class AIBinderImpl final : public IBinder {
       public:
         binder_status_t linkToDeath(AIBinder* binder, AIBinder_DeathRecipient* recipient,
                                     void* cookie) override;
+
+        bool isAlive(const AIBinder* binder) override;
     };
 
     // OnBinderDiedContext is a type used as a cookie passed deathRecipient. The deathRecipient's
@@ -142,6 +150,13 @@
         const AIBinder* clientId;
     };
 
+    // BinderDiedUnlinkedEvent represents either an onBinderDied or an onBinderUnlinked event.
+    struct BinderDiedUnlinkedEvent {
+        // true for onBinderDied, false for onBinderUnlinked.
+        bool onBinderDied;
+        const AIBinder* clientId;
+    };
+
     // The default timeout of get or set value requests is 30s.
     // TODO(b/214605968): define TIMEOUT_IN_NANO in IVehicle and allow getValues/setValues/subscribe
     // to specify custom timeouts.
@@ -170,14 +185,20 @@
             GUARDED_BY(mLock);
     // SubscriptionClients is thread-safe.
     std::shared_ptr<SubscriptionClients> mSubscriptionClients;
-    // mLinkToDeathImpl is only going to be changed in test.
-    std::unique_ptr<ILinkToDeath> mLinkToDeathImpl;
+    // mBinderImpl is only going to be changed in test.
+    std::unique_ptr<IBinder> mBinderImpl;
 
     // RecurrentTimer is thread-safe.
     RecurrentTimer mRecurrentTimer;
 
     ndk::ScopedAIBinder_DeathRecipient mDeathRecipient;
 
+    // ConcurrentQueue is thread-safe.
+    ConcurrentQueue<BinderDiedUnlinkedEvent> mBinderEvents;
+
+    // A thread to handle onBinderDied or onBinderUnlinked event.
+    std::thread mOnBinderDiedUnlinkedHandlerThread;
+
     android::base::Result<void> checkProperty(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& propValue);
 
@@ -189,14 +210,14 @@
             const std::vector<aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::SetValueRequest>&
                     requests);
 
-    android::base::Result<void> checkSubscribeOptions(
+    VhalResult<void> checkSubscribeOptions(
             const std::vector<aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::SubscribeOptions>&
                     options);
 
-    android::base::Result<void> checkReadPermission(
+    VhalResult<void> checkReadPermission(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value) const;
 
-    android::base::Result<void> checkWritePermission(
+    VhalResult<void> checkWritePermission(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value) const;
 
     android::base::Result<const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig*>
@@ -206,10 +227,17 @@
 
     void onBinderUnlinkedWithContext(const AIBinder* clientId);
 
-    void monitorBinderLifeCycle(const CallbackType& callback);
+    // Registers a onBinderDied callback for the client if not already registered.
+    // Returns true if the client Binder is alive, false otherwise.
+    bool monitorBinderLifeCycleLocked(const AIBinder* clientId) REQUIRES(mLock);
 
     bool checkDumpPermission();
 
+    // The looping handler function to process all onBinderDied or onBinderUnlinked events in
+    // mBinderEvents.
+    void onBinderDiedUnlinkedHandler();
+
+    // Gets or creates a {@code T} object for the client to or from {@code clients}.
     template <class T>
     static std::shared_ptr<T> getOrCreateClient(
             std::unordered_map<const AIBinder*, std::shared_ptr<T>>* clients,
@@ -238,7 +266,7 @@
     void setTimeout(int64_t timeoutInNano);
 
     // Test-only
-    void setLinkToDeathImpl(std::unique_ptr<ILinkToDeath> impl);
+    void setBinderImpl(std::unique_ptr<IBinder> impl);
 };
 
 }  // namespace vehicle
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/src/ConnectedClient.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/src/ConnectedClient.cpp
index 830b936..81d231c 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/src/ConnectedClient.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/src/ConnectedClient.cpp
@@ -67,9 +67,10 @@
     parcelableResults.payloads[0] = result;
     if (ScopedAStatus callbackStatus = callCallback(callback, parcelableResults);
         !callbackStatus.isOk()) {
-        ALOGE("failed to call callback, error: %s, exception: %d, service specific error: %d",
-              callbackStatus.getMessage(), callbackStatus.getExceptionCode(),
-              callbackStatus.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ALOGE("failed to call GetOrSetValueResult callback, client ID: %p, error: %s, "
+              "exception: %d, service specific error: %d",
+              callback->asBinder().get(), callbackStatus.getMessage(),
+              callbackStatus.getExceptionCode(), callbackStatus.getServiceSpecificError());
     }
 }
 
@@ -91,9 +92,10 @@
     if (status.isOk()) {
         if (ScopedAStatus callbackStatus = callCallback(callback, parcelableResults);
             !callbackStatus.isOk()) {
-            ALOGE("failed to call callback, error: %s, exception: %d, service specific error: %d",
-                  callbackStatus.getMessage(), callbackStatus.getExceptionCode(),
-                  callbackStatus.getServiceSpecificError());
+            ALOGE("failed to call GetOrSetValueResults callback, client ID: %p, error: %s, "
+                  "exception: %d, service specific error: %d",
+                  callback->asBinder().get(), callbackStatus.getMessage(),
+                  callbackStatus.getExceptionCode(), callbackStatus.getServiceSpecificError());
         }
         return;
     }
@@ -194,7 +196,7 @@
     return reinterpret_cast<const void*>(this);
 }
 
-Result<void> ConnectedClient::addRequests(const std::unordered_set<int64_t>& requestIds) {
+VhalResult<void> ConnectedClient::addRequests(const std::unordered_set<int64_t>& requestIds) {
     return mRequestPool->addRequests(id(), requestIds, getTimeoutCallback());
 }
 
@@ -298,10 +300,10 @@
     if (ScopedAStatus callbackStatus =
                 callback->onPropertyEvent(vehiclePropValues, sharedMemoryFileCount);
         !callbackStatus.isOk()) {
-        ALOGE("subscribe: failed to call callback, error: %s, exception: %d, "
-              "service specific error: %d",
-              callbackStatus.getMessage(), callbackStatus.getExceptionCode(),
-              callbackStatus.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ALOGE("subscribe: failed to call UpdateValues callback, client ID: %p, error: %s, "
+              "exception: %d, service specific error: %d",
+              callback->asBinder().get(), callbackStatus.getMessage(),
+              callbackStatus.getExceptionCode(), callbackStatus.getServiceSpecificError());
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/src/DefaultVehicleHal.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/src/DefaultVehicleHal.cpp
index 52f3631..82f2c1b 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/src/DefaultVehicleHal.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/src/DefaultVehicleHal.cpp
@@ -78,12 +78,32 @@
     return str;
 }
 
+float getDefaultSampleRate(float sampleRate, float minSampleRate, float maxSampleRate) {
+    if (sampleRate < minSampleRate) {
+        return minSampleRate;
+    }
+    if (sampleRate > maxSampleRate) {
+        return maxSampleRate;
+    }
+    return sampleRate;
+}
+
 }  // namespace
 
+std::shared_ptr<SubscriptionClient> DefaultVehicleHal::SubscriptionClients::maybeAddClient(
+        const CallbackType& callback) {
+    std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
+    return getOrCreateClient(&mClients, callback, mPendingRequestPool);
+}
+
 std::shared_ptr<SubscriptionClient> DefaultVehicleHal::SubscriptionClients::getClient(
         const CallbackType& callback) {
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
-    return getOrCreateClient(&mClients, callback, mPendingRequestPool);
+    const AIBinder* clientId = callback->asBinder().get();
+    if (mClients.find(clientId) == mClients.end()) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    return mClients[clientId];
 }
 
 int64_t DefaultVehicleHal::SubscribeIdByClient::getId(const CallbackType& callback) {
@@ -115,7 +135,7 @@
     auto result = LargeParcelableBase::parcelableToStableLargeParcelable(vehiclePropConfigs);
     if (!result.ok()) {
         ALOGE("failed to convert configs to shared memory file, error: %s, code: %d",
-              getErrorMsg(result).c_str(), getIntErrorCode(result));
+              result.error().message().c_str(), static_cast<int>(result.error().code()));
         return;
     }
 
@@ -148,7 +168,8 @@
                 checkHealth(hardwareCopy, subscriptionManagerCopy);
             }));
 
-    mLinkToDeathImpl = std::make_unique<AIBinderLinkToDeathImpl>();
+    mBinderImpl = std::make_unique<AIBinderImpl>();
+    mOnBinderDiedUnlinkedHandlerThread = std::thread([this] { onBinderDiedUnlinkedHandler(); });
     mDeathRecipient = ScopedAIBinder_DeathRecipient(
             AIBinder_DeathRecipient_new(&DefaultVehicleHal::onBinderDied));
     AIBinder_DeathRecipient_setOnUnlinked(mDeathRecipient.get(),
@@ -158,6 +179,10 @@
 DefaultVehicleHal::~DefaultVehicleHal() {
     // Delete the deathRecipient so that onBinderDied would not be called to reference 'this'.
     mDeathRecipient = ScopedAIBinder_DeathRecipient();
+    mBinderEvents.deactivate();
+    if (mOnBinderDiedUnlinkedHandlerThread.joinable()) {
+        mOnBinderDiedUnlinkedHandlerThread.join();
+    }
 }
 
 void DefaultVehicleHal::onPropertyChangeEvent(
@@ -189,37 +214,41 @@
     return (*clients)[clientId];
 }
 
-void DefaultVehicleHal::monitorBinderLifeCycle(const CallbackType& callback) {
-    AIBinder* clientId = callback->asBinder().get();
-    {
-        std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
-        if (mOnBinderDiedContexts.find(clientId) != mOnBinderDiedContexts.end()) {
-            // Already registered.
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-
-    std::unique_ptr<OnBinderDiedContext> context = std::make_unique<OnBinderDiedContext>(
-            OnBinderDiedContext{.vhal = this, .clientId = clientId});
-    binder_status_t status = mLinkToDeathImpl->linkToDeath(clientId, mDeathRecipient.get(),
-                                                           static_cast<void*>(context.get()));
-    if (status == STATUS_OK) {
-        std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
+bool DefaultVehicleHal::monitorBinderLifeCycleLocked(const AIBinder* clientId) {
+    OnBinderDiedContext* contextPtr = nullptr;
+    if (mOnBinderDiedContexts.find(clientId) != mOnBinderDiedContexts.end()) {
+        return mBinderImpl->isAlive(clientId);
+    } else {
+        std::unique_ptr<OnBinderDiedContext> context = std::make_unique<OnBinderDiedContext>(
+                OnBinderDiedContext{.vhal = this, .clientId = clientId});
+        // We know context must be alive when we use contextPtr because context would only
+        // be removed in OnBinderUnlinked, which must be called after OnBinderDied.
+        contextPtr = context.get();
         // Insert into a map to keep the context object alive.
         mOnBinderDiedContexts[clientId] = std::move(context);
-    } else {
-        ALOGE("failed to call linkToDeath on client binder, status: %d", static_cast<int>(status));
     }
+
+    // If this function fails, onBinderUnlinked would be called to remove the added context.
+    binder_status_t status = mBinderImpl->linkToDeath(
+            const_cast<AIBinder*>(clientId), mDeathRecipient.get(), static_cast<void*>(contextPtr));
+    if (status == STATUS_OK) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    ALOGE("failed to call linkToDeath on client binder, client may already died, status: %d",
+          static_cast<int>(status));
+    return false;
 }
 
 void DefaultVehicleHal::onBinderDied(void* cookie) {
     OnBinderDiedContext* context = reinterpret_cast<OnBinderDiedContext*>(cookie);
-    context->vhal->onBinderDiedWithContext(context->clientId);
+    // To be handled in mOnBinderDiedUnlinkedHandlerThread. We cannot handle the event in the same
+    // thread because we might be holding the mLock the handler requires.
+    context->vhal->mBinderEvents.push(BinderDiedUnlinkedEvent{true, context->clientId});
 }
 
 void DefaultVehicleHal::onBinderDiedWithContext(const AIBinder* clientId) {
-    ALOGD("binder died");
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
+    ALOGD("binder died, client ID: %p", clientId);
     mSetValuesClients.erase(clientId);
     mGetValuesClients.erase(clientId);
     mSubscriptionClients->removeClient(clientId);
@@ -227,17 +256,31 @@
 }
 
 void DefaultVehicleHal::onBinderUnlinked(void* cookie) {
-    // Delete the context associated with this cookie.
     OnBinderDiedContext* context = reinterpret_cast<OnBinderDiedContext*>(cookie);
-    context->vhal->onBinderUnlinkedWithContext(context->clientId);
+    // To be handled in mOnBinderDiedUnlinkedHandlerThread. We cannot handle the event in the same
+    // thread because we might be holding the mLock the handler requires.
+    context->vhal->mBinderEvents.push(BinderDiedUnlinkedEvent{false, context->clientId});
 }
 
 void DefaultVehicleHal::onBinderUnlinkedWithContext(const AIBinder* clientId) {
     ALOGD("binder unlinked");
     std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
+    // Delete the context associated with this cookie.
     mOnBinderDiedContexts.erase(clientId);
 }
 
+void DefaultVehicleHal::onBinderDiedUnlinkedHandler() {
+    while (mBinderEvents.waitForItems()) {
+        for (BinderDiedUnlinkedEvent& event : mBinderEvents.flush()) {
+            if (event.onBinderDied) {
+                onBinderDiedWithContext(event.clientId);
+            } else {
+                onBinderUnlinkedWithContext(event.clientId);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 template std::shared_ptr<DefaultVehicleHal::GetValuesClient>
 DefaultVehicleHal::getOrCreateClient<DefaultVehicleHal::GetValuesClient>(
         std::unordered_map<const AIBinder*, std::shared_ptr<GetValuesClient>>* clients,
@@ -258,6 +301,10 @@
         const VehiclePropValue& value) {
     int64_t subscribeId = subscribeIdByClient->getId(callback);
     auto client = subscriptionClients->getClient(callback);
+    if (client == nullptr) {
+        ALOGW("subscribe[%" PRId64 "]: the client has died", subscribeId);
+        return;
+    }
     if (auto addRequestResult = client->addRequests({subscribeId}); !addRequestResult.ok()) {
         ALOGE("subscribe[%" PRId64 "]: too many pending requests, ignore the getValue request",
               subscribeId);
@@ -336,8 +383,6 @@
 
 ScopedAStatus DefaultVehicleHal::getValues(const CallbackType& callback,
                                            const GetValueRequests& requests) {
-    monitorBinderLifeCycle(callback);
-
     expected<LargeParcelableBase::BorrowedOwnedObject<GetValueRequests>, ScopedAStatus>
             deserializedResults = fromStableLargeParcelable(requests);
     if (!deserializedResults.ok()) {
@@ -379,9 +424,16 @@
 
     std::shared_ptr<GetValuesClient> client;
     {
-        std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
+        // Lock to make sure onBinderDied would not be called concurrently.
+        std::scoped_lock lockGuard(mLock);
+        if (!monitorBinderLifeCycleLocked(callback->asBinder().get())) {
+            return ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCodeWithMessage(EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED,
+                                                               "client died");
+        }
+
         client = getOrCreateClient(&mGetValuesClients, callback, mPendingRequestPool);
     }
+
     // Register the pending hardware requests and also check for duplicate request Ids.
     if (auto addRequestResult = client->addRequests(hardwareRequestIds); !addRequestResult.ok()) {
         ALOGE("getValues[%s]: failed to add pending requests, error: %s",
@@ -414,8 +466,6 @@
 
 ScopedAStatus DefaultVehicleHal::setValues(const CallbackType& callback,
                                            const SetValueRequests& requests) {
-    monitorBinderLifeCycle(callback);
-
     expected<LargeParcelableBase::BorrowedOwnedObject<SetValueRequests>, ScopedAStatus>
             deserializedResults = fromStableLargeParcelable(requests);
     if (!deserializedResults.ok()) {
@@ -467,7 +517,12 @@
 
     std::shared_ptr<SetValuesClient> client;
     {
-        std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
+        // Lock to make sure onBinderDied would not be called concurrently.
+        std::scoped_lock lockGuard(mLock);
+        if (!monitorBinderLifeCycleLocked(callback->asBinder().get())) {
+            return ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCodeWithMessage(EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED,
+                                                               "client died");
+        }
         client = getOrCreateClient(&mSetValuesClients, callback, mPendingRequestPool);
     }
 
@@ -475,7 +530,7 @@
     if (auto addRequestResult = client->addRequests(hardwareRequestIds); !addRequestResult.ok()) {
         ALOGE("setValues[%s], failed to add pending requests, error: %s",
               toString(hardwareRequestIds).c_str(), getErrorMsg(addRequestResult).c_str());
-        return toScopedAStatus(addRequestResult, StatusCode::INVALID_ARG);
+        return toScopedAStatus(addRequestResult);
     }
 
     if (!failedResults.empty()) {
@@ -545,25 +600,25 @@
     return vectorToStableLargeParcelable(std::move(configs), output);
 }
 
-Result<void> DefaultVehicleHal::checkSubscribeOptions(
+VhalResult<void> DefaultVehicleHal::checkSubscribeOptions(
         const std::vector<SubscribeOptions>& options) {
     for (const auto& option : options) {
         int32_t propId = option.propId;
         if (mConfigsByPropId.find(propId) == mConfigsByPropId.end()) {
-            return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+            return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                    << StringPrintf("no config for property, ID: %" PRId32, propId);
         }
         const VehiclePropConfig& config = mConfigsByPropId[propId];
 
         if (config.changeMode != VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE &&
             config.changeMode != VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS) {
-            return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+            return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                    << "only support subscribing to ON_CHANGE or CONTINUOUS property";
         }
 
         if (config.access != VehiclePropertyAccess::READ &&
             config.access != VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE) {
-            return Error(toInt(StatusCode::ACCESS_DENIED))
+            return StatusError(StatusCode::ACCESS_DENIED)
                    << StringPrintf("Property %" PRId32 " has no read access", propId);
         }
 
@@ -572,12 +627,13 @@
             float minSampleRate = config.minSampleRate;
             float maxSampleRate = config.maxSampleRate;
             if (sampleRate < minSampleRate || sampleRate > maxSampleRate) {
-                return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
-                       << StringPrintf("sample rate: %f out of range, must be within %f and %f",
-                                       sampleRate, minSampleRate, maxSampleRate);
+                float defaultRate = getDefaultSampleRate(sampleRate, minSampleRate, maxSampleRate);
+                ALOGW("sample rate: %f out of range, must be within %f and %f, set to %f",
+                      sampleRate, minSampleRate, maxSampleRate, defaultRate);
+                sampleRate = defaultRate;
             }
             if (!SubscriptionManager::checkSampleRate(sampleRate)) {
-                return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+                return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                        << "invalid sample rate: " << sampleRate;
             }
         }
@@ -589,7 +645,7 @@
         // Non-global property.
         for (int32_t areaId : option.areaIds) {
             if (auto areaConfig = getAreaConfig(propId, areaId, config); areaConfig == nullptr) {
-                return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG))
+                return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)
                        << StringPrintf("invalid area ID: %" PRId32 " for prop ID: %" PRId32
                                        ", not listed in config",
                                        areaId, propId);
@@ -602,8 +658,6 @@
 ScopedAStatus DefaultVehicleHal::subscribe(const CallbackType& callback,
                                            const std::vector<SubscribeOptions>& options,
                                            [[maybe_unused]] int32_t maxSharedMemoryFileCount) {
-    monitorBinderLifeCycle(callback);
-
     // TODO(b/205189110): Use shared memory file count.
     if (auto result = checkSubscribeOptions(options); !result.ok()) {
         ALOGE("subscribe: invalid subscribe options: %s", getErrorMsg(result).c_str());
@@ -630,19 +684,34 @@
         }
 
         if (config.changeMode == VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS) {
+            optionCopy.sampleRate = getDefaultSampleRate(
+                    optionCopy.sampleRate, config.minSampleRate, config.maxSampleRate);
             continuousSubscriptions.push_back(std::move(optionCopy));
         } else {
             onChangeSubscriptions.push_back(std::move(optionCopy));
         }
     }
-    // Since we have already check the sample rates, the following functions must succeed.
-    if (!onChangeSubscriptions.empty()) {
-        mSubscriptionManager->subscribe(callback, onChangeSubscriptions,
-                                        /*isContinuousProperty=*/false);
-    }
-    if (!continuousSubscriptions.empty()) {
-        mSubscriptionManager->subscribe(callback, continuousSubscriptions,
-                                        /*isContinuousProperty=*/true);
+
+    {
+        // Lock to make sure onBinderDied would not be called concurrently.
+        std::scoped_lock lockGuard(mLock);
+        if (!monitorBinderLifeCycleLocked(callback->asBinder().get())) {
+            return ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCodeWithMessage(EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED,
+                                                               "client died");
+        }
+
+        // Create a new SubscriptionClient if there isn't an existing one.
+        mSubscriptionClients->maybeAddClient(callback);
+
+        // Since we have already check the sample rates, the following functions must succeed.
+        if (!onChangeSubscriptions.empty()) {
+            mSubscriptionManager->subscribe(callback, onChangeSubscriptions,
+                                            /*isContinuousProperty=*/false);
+        }
+        if (!continuousSubscriptions.empty()) {
+            mSubscriptionManager->subscribe(callback, continuousSubscriptions,
+                                            /*isContinuousProperty=*/true);
+        }
     }
     return ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
@@ -662,33 +731,33 @@
     return mVehicleHardware.get();
 }
 
-Result<void> DefaultVehicleHal::checkWritePermission(const VehiclePropValue& value) const {
+VhalResult<void> DefaultVehicleHal::checkWritePermission(const VehiclePropValue& value) const {
     int32_t propId = value.prop;
     auto result = getConfig(propId);
     if (!result.ok()) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)) << getErrorMsg(result);
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG) << getErrorMsg(result);
     }
     const VehiclePropConfig* config = result.value();
 
     if (config->access != VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE &&
         config->access != VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::ACCESS_DENIED))
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::ACCESS_DENIED)
                << StringPrintf("Property %" PRId32 " has no write access", propId);
     }
     return {};
 }
 
-Result<void> DefaultVehicleHal::checkReadPermission(const VehiclePropValue& value) const {
+VhalResult<void> DefaultVehicleHal::checkReadPermission(const VehiclePropValue& value) const {
     int32_t propId = value.prop;
     auto result = getConfig(propId);
     if (!result.ok()) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG)) << getErrorMsg(result);
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::INVALID_ARG) << getErrorMsg(result);
     }
     const VehiclePropConfig* config = result.value();
 
     if (config->access != VehiclePropertyAccess::READ &&
         config->access != VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE) {
-        return Error(toInt(StatusCode::ACCESS_DENIED))
+        return StatusError(StatusCode::ACCESS_DENIED)
                << StringPrintf("Property %" PRId32 " has no read access", propId);
     }
     return {};
@@ -717,13 +786,18 @@
     return;
 }
 
-binder_status_t DefaultVehicleHal::AIBinderLinkToDeathImpl::linkToDeath(
-        AIBinder* binder, AIBinder_DeathRecipient* recipient, void* cookie) {
+binder_status_t DefaultVehicleHal::AIBinderImpl::linkToDeath(AIBinder* binder,
+                                                             AIBinder_DeathRecipient* recipient,
+                                                             void* cookie) {
     return AIBinder_linkToDeath(binder, recipient, cookie);
 }
 
-void DefaultVehicleHal::setLinkToDeathImpl(std::unique_ptr<ILinkToDeath> impl) {
-    mLinkToDeathImpl = std::move(impl);
+bool DefaultVehicleHal::AIBinderImpl::isAlive(const AIBinder* binder) {
+    return AIBinder_isAlive(binder);
+}
+
+void DefaultVehicleHal::setBinderImpl(std::unique_ptr<IBinder> impl) {
+    mBinderImpl = std::move(impl);
 }
 
 bool DefaultVehicleHal::checkDumpPermission() {
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/test/DefaultVehicleHalTest.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/test/DefaultVehicleHalTest.cpp
index aafa17e..49f5b7e 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/test/DefaultVehicleHalTest.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/test/DefaultVehicleHalTest.cpp
@@ -197,14 +197,6 @@
                             },
             },
             {
-                    .name = "sample_rate_out_of_range",
-                    .option =
-                            {
-                                    .propId = GLOBAL_CONTINUOUS_PROP,
-                                    .sampleRate = 1000.0,
-                            },
-            },
-            {
                     .name = "static_property",
                     .option =
                             {
@@ -332,7 +324,9 @@
         mCallbackClient = IVehicleCallback::fromBinder(mBinder);
 
         // Set the linkToDeath to a fake implementation that always returns OK.
-        setTestLinkToDeathImpl();
+        auto binderImpl = std::make_unique<TestBinderImpl>();
+        mBinderImpl = binderImpl.get();
+        mVhal->setBinderImpl(std::move(binderImpl));
     }
 
     void TearDown() override {
@@ -350,10 +344,6 @@
 
     void setTimeout(int64_t timeoutInNano) { mVhal->setTimeout(timeoutInNano); }
 
-    void setTestLinkToDeathImpl() {
-        mVhal->setLinkToDeathImpl(std::make_unique<TestLinkToDeathImpl>());
-    }
-
     size_t countPendingRequests() { return mVhal->mPendingRequestPool->countPendingRequests(); }
 
     size_t countClients() {
@@ -380,6 +370,8 @@
 
     bool hasNoSubscriptions() { return mVhal->mSubscriptionManager->isEmpty(); }
 
+    void setBinderAlive(bool isAlive) { mBinderImpl->setAlive(isAlive); };
+
     static Result<void> getValuesTestCases(size_t size, GetValueRequests& requests,
                                            std::vector<GetValueResult>& expectedResults,
                                            std::vector<GetValueRequest>& expectedHardwareRequests) {
@@ -452,19 +444,31 @@
     }
 
   private:
+    class TestBinderImpl final : public DefaultVehicleHal::IBinder {
+      public:
+        binder_status_t linkToDeath(AIBinder*, AIBinder_DeathRecipient*, void*) override {
+            if (mIsAlive) {
+                return STATUS_OK;
+            } else {
+                return STATUS_FAILED_TRANSACTION;
+            }
+        }
+
+        bool isAlive(const AIBinder*) override { return mIsAlive; }
+
+        void setAlive(bool isAlive) { mIsAlive = isAlive; }
+
+      private:
+        bool mIsAlive = true;
+    };
+
     std::shared_ptr<DefaultVehicleHal> mVhal;
     std::shared_ptr<IVehicle> mVhalClient;
     MockVehicleHardware* mHardwarePtr;
     std::shared_ptr<MockVehicleCallback> mCallback;
     std::shared_ptr<IVehicleCallback> mCallbackClient;
     SpAIBinder mBinder;
-
-    class TestLinkToDeathImpl final : public DefaultVehicleHal::ILinkToDeath {
-      public:
-        binder_status_t linkToDeath(AIBinder*, AIBinder_DeathRecipient*, void*) override {
-            return STATUS_OK;
-        }
-    };
+    TestBinderImpl* mBinderImpl;
 };
 
 TEST_F(DefaultVehicleHalTest, testGetAllPropConfigsSmall) {
@@ -587,7 +591,6 @@
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(getValuesTestCases(5000, requests, expectedResults, expectedHardwareRequests).ok())
             << "requests to hardware mismatch";
-    ;
 
     getHardware()->addGetValueResponses(expectedResults);
 
@@ -806,6 +809,51 @@
     ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << "duplicate request properties in one request must fail";
 }
 
+TEST_F(DefaultVehicleHalTest, testGetValuesNewClientDied) {
+    GetValueRequests requests;
+    std::vector<GetValueResult> expectedResults;
+    std::vector<GetValueRequest> expectedHardwareRequests;
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(getValuesTestCases(10, requests, expectedResults, expectedHardwareRequests).ok());
+
+    getHardware()->addGetValueResponses(expectedResults);
+
+    setBinderAlive(false);
+
+    auto status = getClient()->getValues(getCallbackClient(), requests);
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << "getValues must fail if client died";
+    ASSERT_EQ(status.getExceptionCode(), EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED);
+    EXPECT_EQ(countClients(), static_cast<size_t>(0))
+            << "No client should be created if the client binder died";
+}
+
+TEST_F(DefaultVehicleHalTest, testGetValuesExistingClientDied) {
+    GetValueRequests requests;
+    std::vector<GetValueResult> expectedResults;
+    std::vector<GetValueRequest> expectedHardwareRequests;
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(getValuesTestCases(10, requests, expectedResults, expectedHardwareRequests).ok());
+
+    getHardware()->addGetValueResponses(expectedResults);
+
+    // Try a normal getValue request to cache a GetValueClient first.
+    auto status = getClient()->getValues(getCallbackClient(), requests);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "getValues failed: " << status.getMessage();
+    EXPECT_EQ(countClients(), static_cast<size_t>(1));
+
+    // The client binder died before onBinderUnlinked clean up the GetValueClient.
+    setBinderAlive(false);
+
+    status = getClient()->getValues(getCallbackClient(), requests);
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << "getValues must fail if client died";
+    ASSERT_EQ(status.getExceptionCode(), EX_TRANSACTION_FAILED);
+    // The client count should still be 1 but onBinderUnlinked will remove this later.
+    EXPECT_EQ(countClients(), static_cast<size_t>(1));
+}
+
 TEST_F(DefaultVehicleHalTest, testSetValuesSmall) {
     SetValueRequests requests;
     std::vector<SetValueResult> expectedResults;
@@ -1111,7 +1159,8 @@
             << "results mismatch, expect on change event for the updated value";
     ASSERT_FALSE(getCallback()->nextOnPropertyEventResults().has_value())
             << "more results than expected";
-    EXPECT_EQ(countClients(), static_cast<size_t>(1));
+    EXPECT_EQ(countClients(), static_cast<size_t>(2))
+            << "expect 2 clients, 1 subscribe client and 1 setvalue client";
 }
 
 TEST_F(DefaultVehicleHalTest, testSubscribeGlobalOnchangeUnrelatedEventIgnored) {
@@ -1303,6 +1352,51 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(countClients(), static_cast<size_t>(1));
 }
 
+TEST_F(DefaultVehicleHalTest, testSubscribeGlobalContinuousRateOutOfRange) {
+    VehiclePropValue testValue{
+            .prop = GLOBAL_CONTINUOUS_PROP,
+            .value.int32Values = {0},
+    };
+    // Set responses for all the hardware getValues requests.
+    getHardware()->setGetValueResponder(
+            [](std::shared_ptr<const IVehicleHardware::GetValuesCallback> callback,
+               const std::vector<GetValueRequest>& requests) {
+                std::vector<GetValueResult> results;
+                for (auto& request : requests) {
+                    VehiclePropValue prop = request.prop;
+                    prop.value.int32Values = {0};
+                    results.push_back({
+                            .requestId = request.requestId,
+                            .status = StatusCode::OK,
+                            .prop = prop,
+                    });
+                }
+                (*callback)(results);
+                return StatusCode::OK;
+            });
+
+    // The maxSampleRate is 100, so the sample rate should be the default max 100.
+    std::vector<SubscribeOptions> options = {
+            {
+                    .propId = GLOBAL_CONTINUOUS_PROP,
+                    .sampleRate = 1000.0,
+            },
+    };
+
+    auto status = getClient()->subscribe(getCallbackClient(), options, 0);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "subscribe failed: " << status.getMessage();
+
+    // Sleep for 1s, which should generate ~100 events.
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
+
+    size_t eventCount = getCallback()->countOnPropertyEventResults();
+    ASSERT_GE(eventCount, 50u) << "expect at least 50 events to be generated";
+    ASSERT_LE(eventCount, 150u) << "expect no more than 150 events to be generated";
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(countClients(), static_cast<size_t>(1));
+}
+
 TEST_F(DefaultVehicleHalTest, testSubscribeAreaContinuous) {
     // Set responses for all the hardware getValues requests.
     getHardware()->setGetValueResponder(
@@ -1581,12 +1675,28 @@
 
     onBinderDied(context);
 
+    // Sleep for 100ms between checks.
+    int64_t sleep = 100;
+    // Timeout: 10s.
+    int64_t timeout = 10'000'000'000;
+    int64_t stopTime = elapsedRealtimeNano() + timeout;
+    // Wait until the onBinderDied event is handled.
+    while (countClients() != 0u && elapsedRealtimeNano() <= stopTime) {
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(sleep));
+    }
+
     ASSERT_EQ(countClients(), static_cast<size_t>(0))
             << "expect all clients to be removed when binder died";
     ASSERT_TRUE(hasNoSubscriptions()) << "expect no subscriptions when binder died";
 
     onBinderUnlinked(context);
 
+    stopTime = elapsedRealtimeNano() + timeout;
+    // Wait until the onBinderUnlinked event is handled.
+    while (countOnBinderDiedContexts() != 0u && elapsedRealtimeNano() <= stopTime) {
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(sleep));
+    }
+
     ASSERT_EQ(countOnBinderDiedContexts(), static_cast<size_t>(0))
             << "expect OnBinderDied context to be deleted when binder is unlinked";
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/test/MockVehicleCallback.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/test/MockVehicleCallback.cpp
index 5e3e03c..0e46357 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/test/MockVehicleCallback.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/test/MockVehicleCallback.cpp
@@ -82,6 +82,11 @@
     return pop(mOnPropertyEventResults);
 }
 
+size_t MockVehicleCallback::countOnPropertyEventResults() {
+    std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
+    return mOnPropertyEventResults.size();
+}
+
 }  // namespace vehicle
 }  // namespace automotive
 }  // namespace hardware
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/test/MockVehicleCallback.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/test/MockVehicleCallback.h
index 03bfd5b..0faaa1f 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/test/MockVehicleCallback.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/test/MockVehicleCallback.h
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@
     nextSetValueResults();
     std::optional<aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValues>
     nextOnPropertyEventResults();
+    size_t countOnPropertyEventResults();
 
   private:
     std::mutex mLock;
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/vts/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/vts/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8276d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/vts/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalAutomotiveVehicle_TargetTest",
+    srcs: [
+        "src/*.cpp",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libgtest",
+        "libvhalclient",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "libvndksupport",
+    ],
+    defaults: [
+        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
+        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+        "vhalclient_defaults",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts",
+    ],
+    require_root: true,
+}
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/vts/functional/OWNERS b/automotive/vehicle/vts/OWNERS
similarity index 71%
rename from automotive/vehicle/2.0/vts/functional/OWNERS
rename to automotive/vehicle/vts/OWNERS
index 8a0f2af..c93a843 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/vts/functional/OWNERS
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/vts/OWNERS
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 # Bug component: 533426
+shanyu@google.com
 kwangsudo@google.com
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/vts/src/VtsHalAutomotiveVehicle_TargetTest.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/vts/src/VtsHalAutomotiveVehicle_TargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c33f3e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/vts/src/VtsHalAutomotiveVehicle_TargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "VtsHalAutomotiveVehicle"
+
+#include <IVhalClient.h>
+#include <VehicleHalTypes.h>
+#include <VehicleUtils.h>
+#include <aidl/Gtest.h>
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/IVehicle.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
+#include <vector>
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::IVehicle;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::StatusCode;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::SubscribeOptions;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleArea;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleProperty;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyAccess;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyType;
+using ::android::getAidlHalInstanceNames;
+using ::android::base::ScopedLockAssertion;
+using ::android::base::StringPrintf;
+using ::android::frameworks::automotive::vhal::HalPropError;
+using ::android::frameworks::automotive::vhal::IHalPropConfig;
+using ::android::frameworks::automotive::vhal::IHalPropValue;
+using ::android::frameworks::automotive::vhal::ISubscriptionCallback;
+using ::android::frameworks::automotive::vhal::IVhalClient;
+using ::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames;
+using ::android::hardware::Sanitize;
+using ::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::toInt;
+
+constexpr int32_t kInvalidProp = 0x31600207;
+
+struct ServiceDescriptor {
+    std::string name;
+    bool isAidlService;
+};
+
+class VtsVehicleCallback final : public ISubscriptionCallback {
+  private:
+    std::mutex mLock;
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, size_t> mEventsCount GUARDED_BY(mLock);
+    std::condition_variable mEventCond;
+
+  public:
+    void onPropertyEvent(const std::vector<std::unique_ptr<IHalPropValue>>& values) override {
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
+            for (auto& value : values) {
+                mEventsCount[value->getPropId()] += 1;
+            }
+        }
+        mEventCond.notify_one();
+    }
+
+    void onPropertySetError([[maybe_unused]] const std::vector<HalPropError>& errors) override {
+        // Do nothing.
+    }
+
+    template <class Rep, class Period>
+    bool waitForExpectedEvents(int32_t propId, size_t expectedEvents,
+                               const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& timeout) {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> uniqueLock(mLock);
+        return mEventCond.wait_for(uniqueLock, timeout, [this, propId, expectedEvents] {
+            ScopedLockAssertion lockAssertion(mLock);
+            return mEventsCount[propId] >= expectedEvents;
+        });
+    }
+
+    void reset() {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
+        mEventsCount.clear();
+    }
+};
+
+class VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest : public testing::TestWithParam<ServiceDescriptor> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        auto descriptor = GetParam();
+        if (descriptor.isAidlService) {
+            mVhalClient = IVhalClient::tryCreateAidlClient(descriptor.name.c_str());
+        } else {
+            mVhalClient = IVhalClient::tryCreateHidlClient(descriptor.name.c_str());
+        }
+
+        ASSERT_NE(mVhalClient, nullptr) << "Failed to connect to VHAL";
+
+        mCallback = std::make_shared<VtsVehicleCallback>();
+    }
+
+    static bool isBooleanGlobalProp(int32_t property) {
+        return (property & toInt(VehiclePropertyType::MASK)) ==
+                       toInt(VehiclePropertyType::BOOLEAN) &&
+               (property & toInt(VehicleArea::MASK)) == toInt(VehicleArea::GLOBAL);
+    }
+
+  protected:
+    std::shared_ptr<IVhalClient> mVhalClient;
+    std::shared_ptr<VtsVehicleCallback> mCallback;
+};
+
+TEST_P(VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest, useAidlBackend) {
+    if (!mVhalClient->isAidlVhal()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "AIDL backend is not available, HIDL backend is used instead";
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest, useHidlBackend) {
+    if (mVhalClient->isAidlVhal()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "AIDL backend is available, HIDL backend is not used";
+    }
+}
+
+// Test getAllPropConfig() returns at least 4 property configs.
+TEST_P(VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest, getAllPropConfigs) {
+    ALOGD("VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest::getAllPropConfigs");
+
+    auto result = mVhalClient->getAllPropConfigs();
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << "Failed to get all property configs, error: "
+                             << result.error().message();
+    ASSERT_GE(result.value().size(), 4u) << StringPrintf(
+            "Expect to get at least 4 property configs, got %zu", result.value().size());
+}
+
+// Test getPropConfigs() can query all properties listed in CDD.
+TEST_P(VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest, getRequiredPropConfigs) {
+    ALOGD("VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest::getRequiredPropConfigs");
+
+    // Check the properties listed in CDD
+    std::vector<int32_t> properties = {
+            toInt(VehicleProperty::GEAR_SELECTION), toInt(VehicleProperty::NIGHT_MODE),
+            toInt(VehicleProperty::PARKING_BRAKE_ON), toInt(VehicleProperty::PERF_VEHICLE_SPEED)};
+
+    auto result = mVhalClient->getPropConfigs(properties);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << "Failed to get required property config, error: "
+                             << result.error().message();
+    ASSERT_EQ(result.value().size(), 4u)
+            << StringPrintf("Expect to get exactly 4 configs, got %zu", result.value().size());
+}
+
+// Test getPropConfig() with an invalid propertyId returns an error code.
+TEST_P(VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest, getPropConfigsWithInvalidProp) {
+    ALOGD("VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest::getPropConfigsWithInvalidProp");
+
+    auto result = mVhalClient->getPropConfigs({kInvalidProp});
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(result.ok()) << StringPrintf(
+            "Expect failure to get prop configs for invalid prop: %" PRId32, kInvalidProp);
+    ASSERT_NE(result.error().message(), "") << "Expect error message not to be empty";
+}
+
+// Test get() return current value for properties.
+TEST_P(VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest, get) {
+    ALOGD("VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest::get");
+
+    int32_t propId = toInt(VehicleProperty::PERF_VEHICLE_SPEED);
+    auto result = mVhalClient->getValueSync(*mVhalClient->createHalPropValue(propId));
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << StringPrintf("Failed to get value for property: %" PRId32
+                                             ", error: %s",
+                                             propId, result.error().message().c_str());
+    ASSERT_NE(result.value(), nullptr) << "Result value must not be null";
+}
+
+// Test get() with an invalid propertyId return an error codes.
+TEST_P(VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest, getInvalidProp) {
+    ALOGD("VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest::getInvalidProp");
+
+    auto result = mVhalClient->getValueSync(*mVhalClient->createHalPropValue(kInvalidProp));
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(result.ok()) << StringPrintf(
+            "Expect failure to get property for invalid prop: %" PRId32, kInvalidProp);
+}
+
+// Test set() on read_write properties.
+TEST_P(VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest, setProp) {
+    ALOGD("VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest::setProp");
+
+    // skip hvac related properties
+    std::unordered_set<int32_t> hvacProps = {toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_DEFROSTER),
+                                             toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_AC_ON),
+                                             toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_MAX_AC_ON),
+                                             toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_MAX_DEFROST_ON),
+                                             toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_RECIRC_ON),
+                                             toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_DUAL_ON),
+                                             toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_AUTO_ON),
+                                             toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_POWER_ON),
+                                             toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_AUTO_RECIRC_ON),
+                                             toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_ELECTRIC_DEFROSTER_ON)};
+    auto result = mVhalClient->getAllPropConfigs();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok());
+
+    for (const auto& cfgPtr : result.value()) {
+        const IHalPropConfig& cfg = *cfgPtr;
+        int32_t propId = cfg.getPropId();
+        // test on boolean and writable property
+        if (cfg.getAccess() == toInt(VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE) &&
+            isBooleanGlobalProp(propId) && !hvacProps.count(propId)) {
+            auto propToGet = mVhalClient->createHalPropValue(propId);
+            auto getValueResult = mVhalClient->getValueSync(*propToGet);
+
+            ASSERT_TRUE(getValueResult.ok())
+                    << StringPrintf("Failed to get value for property: %" PRId32 ", error: %s",
+                                    propId, getValueResult.error().message().c_str());
+            ASSERT_NE(getValueResult.value(), nullptr)
+                    << StringPrintf("Result value must not be null for property: %" PRId32, propId);
+
+            const IHalPropValue& value = *getValueResult.value();
+            size_t intValueSize = value.getInt32Values().size();
+            ASSERT_EQ(intValueSize, 1u) << StringPrintf(
+                    "Expect exactly 1 int value for boolean property: %" PRId32 ", got %zu", propId,
+                    intValueSize);
+
+            int setValue = value.getInt32Values()[0] == 1 ? 0 : 1;
+            auto propToSet = mVhalClient->createHalPropValue(propId);
+            propToSet->setInt32Values({setValue});
+            auto setValueResult = mVhalClient->setValueSync(*propToSet);
+
+            ASSERT_TRUE(setValueResult.ok())
+                    << StringPrintf("Failed to set value for property: %" PRId32 ", error: %s",
+                                    propId, setValueResult.error().message().c_str());
+
+            // check set success
+            getValueResult = mVhalClient->getValueSync(*propToGet);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(getValueResult.ok())
+                    << StringPrintf("Failed to get value for property: %" PRId32 ", error: %s",
+                                    propId, getValueResult.error().message().c_str());
+            ASSERT_NE(getValueResult.value(), nullptr)
+                    << StringPrintf("Result value must not be null for property: %" PRId32, propId);
+            ASSERT_EQ(getValueResult.value()->getInt32Values(), std::vector<int32_t>({setValue}))
+                    << StringPrintf("Boolean value not updated after set for property: %" PRId32,
+                                    propId);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Test set() on an read_only property.
+TEST_P(VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest, setNotWritableProp) {
+    ALOGD("VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest::setNotWritableProp");
+
+    int32_t propId = toInt(VehicleProperty::PERF_VEHICLE_SPEED);
+    auto getValueResult = mVhalClient->getValueSync(*mVhalClient->createHalPropValue(propId));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(getValueResult.ok())
+            << StringPrintf("Failed to get value for property: %" PRId32 ", error: %s", propId,
+                            getValueResult.error().message().c_str());
+
+    auto setValueResult = mVhalClient->setValueSync(*getValueResult.value());
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(setValueResult.ok()) << "Expect set a read-only value to fail";
+    ASSERT_EQ(setValueResult.error().code(), StatusCode::ACCESS_DENIED);
+}
+
+// Test subscribe() and unsubscribe().
+TEST_P(VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest, subscribeAndUnsubscribe) {
+    ALOGD("VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest::subscribeAndUnsubscribe");
+
+    int32_t propId = toInt(VehicleProperty::PERF_VEHICLE_SPEED);
+
+    std::vector<SubscribeOptions> options = {
+            SubscribeOptions{.propId = propId, .sampleRate = 10.0}};
+
+    auto client = mVhalClient->getSubscriptionClient(mCallback);
+    ASSERT_NE(client, nullptr) << "Failed to get subscription client";
+
+    auto result = client->subscribe(options);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << StringPrintf("Failed to subscribe to property: %" PRId32
+                                             ", error: %s",
+                                             propId, result.error().message().c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mCallback->waitForExpectedEvents(propId, 10, std::chrono::seconds(10)))
+            << "Didn't get enough events for subscription";
+
+    result = client->unsubscribe({propId});
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << StringPrintf("Failed to unsubscribe to property: %" PRId32
+                                             ", error: %s",
+                                             propId, result.error().message().c_str());
+
+    mCallback->reset();
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mCallback->waitForExpectedEvents(propId, 10, std::chrono::seconds(1)))
+            << "Expect not to get events after unsubscription";
+}
+
+// Test subscribe() with an invalid property.
+TEST_P(VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest, subscribeInvalidProp) {
+    ALOGD("VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest::subscribeInvalidProp");
+
+    std::vector<SubscribeOptions> options = {
+            SubscribeOptions{.propId = kInvalidProp, .sampleRate = 10.0}};
+
+    auto client = mVhalClient->getSubscriptionClient(mCallback);
+    ASSERT_NE(client, nullptr) << "Failed to get subscription client";
+
+    auto result = client->subscribe(options);
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(result.ok()) << StringPrintf("Expect subscribing to property: %" PRId32 " to fail",
+                                              kInvalidProp);
+}
+
+std::vector<ServiceDescriptor> getDescriptors() {
+    std::vector<ServiceDescriptor> descriptors;
+    for (std::string name : getAidlHalInstanceNames(IVehicle::descriptor)) {
+        descriptors.push_back({
+                .name = name,
+                .isAidlService = true,
+        });
+    }
+    for (std::string name : getAllHalInstanceNames(IVehicle::descriptor)) {
+        descriptors.push_back({
+                .name = name,
+                .isAidlService = false,
+        });
+    }
+    return descriptors;
+}
+
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, VtsHalAutomotiveVehicleTargetTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(getDescriptors()),
+                         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<ServiceDescriptor>& info) {
+                             std::string name = "";
+                             if (info.param.isAidlService) {
+                                 name += "aidl_";
+                             } else {
+                                 name += "hidl_";
+                             }
+                             name += info.param.name;
+                             return Sanitize(name);
+                         });
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(1);
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/biometrics/face/aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/face/IFace.aidl b/biometrics/face/aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/face/IFace.aidl
index 4d7e59e..65c589f 100644
--- a/biometrics/face/aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/face/IFace.aidl
+++ b/biometrics/face/aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/face/IFace.aidl
@@ -46,6 +46,10 @@
      * vold_prepare_subdirs.cpp). Implementations may store additional user-specific data, such as
      * embeddings or templates, in StrongBox.
      *
+     * During create session it is expected that the HAL will call linkToDeath with the callee's
+     * binder token. The recommended implementation is to close this session if the callee dies,
+     * to prevent subsequent createSession calls from failing.
+     *
      * @param sensorId The sensorId for which this session is being created.
      * @param userId The userId for which this session is being created.
      * @param cb A callback to notify the framework about the session's events.
diff --git a/bluetooth/a2dp/1.0/Android.bp b/bluetooth/a2dp/1.0/Android.bp
index 7f39d4f..20776dc 100644
--- a/bluetooth/a2dp/1.0/Android.bp
+++ b/bluetooth/a2dp/1.0/Android.bp
@@ -21,4 +21,8 @@
         "android.hidl.base@1.0",
     ],
     gen_java: false,
+    apex_available: [
+        "//apex_available:platform",
+        "com.android.bluetooth",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/2.0/Android.bp b/bluetooth/audio/2.0/Android.bp
index dd39f9f..e4d48c1 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/2.0/Android.bp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/2.0/Android.bp
@@ -24,4 +24,8 @@
         "android.hidl.safe_union@1.0",
     ],
     gen_java: false,
+    apex_available: [
+        "//apex_available:platform",
+        "com.android.bluetooth",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/A2dpOffloadAudioProvider.cpp b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/A2dpOffloadAudioProvider.cpp
index 866776e..4b4713d 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/A2dpOffloadAudioProvider.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/A2dpOffloadAudioProvider.cpp
@@ -39,9 +39,7 @@
 ndk::ScopedAStatus A2dpOffloadAudioProvider::startSession(
     const std::shared_ptr<IBluetoothAudioPort>& host_if,
     const AudioConfiguration& audio_config,
-    const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes,
-    DataMQDesc* _aidl_return) {
-  latency_modes_ = latency_modes;
+    const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes, DataMQDesc* _aidl_return) {
   if (audio_config.getTag() != AudioConfiguration::a2dpConfig) {
     LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " - Invalid Audio Configuration="
                  << audio_config.toString();
@@ -62,8 +60,8 @@
 ndk::ScopedAStatus A2dpOffloadAudioProvider::onSessionReady(
     DataMQDesc* _aidl_return) {
   *_aidl_return = DataMQDesc();
-  BluetoothAudioSessionReport::OnSessionStarted(session_type_, stack_iface_,
-                                                nullptr, *audio_config_);
+  BluetoothAudioSessionReport::OnSessionStarted(
+      session_type_, stack_iface_, nullptr, *audio_config_, latency_modes_);
   return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -71,4 +69,4 @@
 }  // namespace bluetooth
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-}  // namespace aidl
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/A2dpSoftwareAudioProvider.cpp b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/A2dpSoftwareAudioProvider.cpp
index d2f58f3..59df3a9 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/A2dpSoftwareAudioProvider.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/A2dpSoftwareAudioProvider.cpp
@@ -62,9 +62,7 @@
 ndk::ScopedAStatus A2dpSoftwareAudioProvider::startSession(
     const std::shared_ptr<IBluetoothAudioPort>& host_if,
     const AudioConfiguration& audio_config,
-    const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes,
-    DataMQDesc* _aidl_return) {
-  latency_modes_ = latency_modes;
+    const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes, DataMQDesc* _aidl_return) {
   if (audio_config.getTag() != AudioConfiguration::pcmConfig) {
     LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " - Invalid Audio Configuration="
                  << audio_config.toString();
@@ -92,8 +90,8 @@
   }
   *_aidl_return = data_mq_->dupeDesc();
   auto desc = data_mq_->dupeDesc();
-  BluetoothAudioSessionReport::OnSessionStarted(session_type_, stack_iface_,
-                                                &desc, *audio_config_);
+  BluetoothAudioSessionReport::OnSessionStarted(
+      session_type_, stack_iface_, &desc, *audio_config_, latency_modes_);
   return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -101,4 +99,4 @@
 }  // namespace bluetooth
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-}  // namespace aidl
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/BluetoothAudioProvider.h b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/BluetoothAudioProvider.h
index 75794e8..a9f830a 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/BluetoothAudioProvider.h
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/BluetoothAudioProvider.h
@@ -68,4 +68,4 @@
 }  // namespace bluetooth
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-}  // namespace aidl
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/HearingAidAudioProvider.cpp b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/HearingAidAudioProvider.cpp
index c754849..e8b01ac 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/HearingAidAudioProvider.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/HearingAidAudioProvider.cpp
@@ -57,9 +57,7 @@
 ndk::ScopedAStatus HearingAidAudioProvider::startSession(
     const std::shared_ptr<IBluetoothAudioPort>& host_if,
     const AudioConfiguration& audio_config,
-    const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes,
-    DataMQDesc* _aidl_return) {
-  latency_modes_ = latency_modes;
+    const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes, DataMQDesc* _aidl_return) {
   if (audio_config.getTag() != AudioConfiguration::pcmConfig) {
     LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " - Invalid Audio Configuration="
                  << audio_config.toString();
@@ -86,8 +84,8 @@
   }
   *_aidl_return = data_mq_->dupeDesc();
   auto desc = data_mq_->dupeDesc();
-  BluetoothAudioSessionReport::OnSessionStarted(session_type_, stack_iface_,
-                                                &desc, *audio_config_);
+  BluetoothAudioSessionReport::OnSessionStarted(
+      session_type_, stack_iface_, &desc, *audio_config_, latency_modes_);
   return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -95,4 +93,4 @@
 }  // namespace bluetooth
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-}  // namespace aidl
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/LeAudioOffloadAudioProvider.cpp b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/LeAudioOffloadAudioProvider.cpp
index 1a3c658..0e22e44 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/LeAudioOffloadAudioProvider.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/LeAudioOffloadAudioProvider.cpp
@@ -54,9 +54,7 @@
 ndk::ScopedAStatus LeAudioOffloadAudioProvider::startSession(
     const std::shared_ptr<IBluetoothAudioPort>& host_if,
     const AudioConfiguration& audio_config,
-    const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes,
-    DataMQDesc* _aidl_return) {
-  latency_modes_ = latency_modes;
+    const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes, DataMQDesc* _aidl_return) {
   if (audio_config.getTag() != AudioConfiguration::leAudioConfig) {
     LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " - Invalid Audio Configuration="
                  << audio_config.toString();
@@ -79,8 +77,8 @@
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus LeAudioOffloadAudioProvider::onSessionReady(
     DataMQDesc* _aidl_return) {
-  BluetoothAudioSessionReport::OnSessionStarted(session_type_, stack_iface_,
-                                                nullptr, *audio_config_);
+  BluetoothAudioSessionReport::OnSessionStarted(
+      session_type_, stack_iface_, nullptr, *audio_config_, latency_modes_);
   *_aidl_return = DataMQDesc();
   return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
@@ -89,4 +87,4 @@
 }  // namespace bluetooth
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-}  // namespace aidl
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/LeAudioSoftwareAudioProvider.cpp b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/LeAudioSoftwareAudioProvider.cpp
index 1f64b43..911c928 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/LeAudioSoftwareAudioProvider.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/default/LeAudioSoftwareAudioProvider.cpp
@@ -70,9 +70,7 @@
 ndk::ScopedAStatus LeAudioSoftwareAudioProvider::startSession(
     const std::shared_ptr<IBluetoothAudioPort>& host_if,
     const AudioConfiguration& audio_config,
-    const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes,
-    DataMQDesc* _aidl_return) {
-  latency_modes_ = latency_modes;
+    const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes, DataMQDesc* _aidl_return) {
   if (audio_config.getTag() != AudioConfiguration::pcmConfig) {
     LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " - Invalid Audio Configuration="
                  << audio_config.toString();
@@ -134,8 +132,8 @@
   }
   *_aidl_return = data_mq_->dupeDesc();
   auto desc = data_mq_->dupeDesc();
-  BluetoothAudioSessionReport::OnSessionStarted(session_type_, stack_iface_,
-                                                &desc, *audio_config_);
+  BluetoothAudioSessionReport::OnSessionStarted(
+      session_type_, stack_iface_, &desc, *audio_config_, latency_modes_);
   return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -143,4 +141,4 @@
 }  // namespace bluetooth
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-}  // namespace aidl
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp
index e700e7e..cdee520 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp
@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@
 
 void BluetoothAudioSession::OnSessionStarted(
     const std::shared_ptr<IBluetoothAudioPort> stack_iface,
-    const DataMQDesc* mq_desc, const AudioConfiguration& audio_config) {
+    const DataMQDesc* mq_desc, const AudioConfiguration& audio_config,
+    const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes) {
   std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> guard(mutex_);
   if (stack_iface == nullptr) {
     LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_)
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@
     audio_config_ = nullptr;
   } else {
     stack_iface_ = stack_iface;
+    latency_modes_ = latency_modes;
     LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_)
               << ", AudioConfiguration=" << audio_config.toString();
     ReportSessionStatus();
@@ -191,14 +193,14 @@
  *
  ***/
 
-bool BluetoothAudioSession::StartStream() {
+bool BluetoothAudioSession::StartStream(bool is_low_latency) {
   std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> guard(mutex_);
   if (!IsSessionReady()) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_)
                << " has NO session";
     return false;
   }
-  auto hal_retval = stack_iface_->startStream(false);
+  auto hal_retval = stack_iface_->startStream(is_low_latency);
   if (!hal_retval.isOk()) {
     LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " - IBluetoothAudioPort SessionType="
                  << toString(session_type_) << " failed";
@@ -418,6 +420,7 @@
 
 void BluetoothAudioSession::ReportLowLatencyModeAllowedChanged(bool allowed) {
   std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> guard(mutex_);
+  low_latency_allowed_ = allowed;
   if (observers_.empty()) {
     LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_)
                  << " has NO port state observer";
@@ -428,7 +431,9 @@
     std::shared_ptr<PortStatusCallbacks> callback = observer.second;
     LOG(INFO) << __func__
               << " - allowed=" << (allowed ? " allowed" : " disallowed");
-    callback->low_latency_mode_allowed_cb_(cookie, allowed);
+    if (callback->low_latency_mode_allowed_cb_ != nullptr) {
+      callback->low_latency_mode_allowed_cb_(cookie, allowed);
+    }
   }
 }
 
@@ -530,7 +535,25 @@
   }
 }
 
-void BluetoothAudioSession::SetLatencyMode(LatencyMode latency_mode) {
+std::vector<LatencyMode> BluetoothAudioSession::GetSupportedLatencyModes() {
+  std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> guard(mutex_);
+  if (!IsSessionReady()) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_)
+               << " has NO session";
+    return std::vector<LatencyMode>();
+  }
+  if (low_latency_allowed_) return latency_modes_;
+  std::vector<LatencyMode> modes;
+  for (LatencyMode mode : latency_modes_) {
+    if (mode == LatencyMode::LOW_LATENCY)
+      // ignore those low latency mode if Bluetooth stack doesn't allow
+      continue;
+    modes.push_back(mode);
+  }
+  return modes;
+}
+
+void BluetoothAudioSession::SetLatencyMode(const LatencyMode& latency_mode) {
   std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> guard(mutex_);
   if (!IsSessionReady()) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_)
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.h b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.h
index 6e390cc..5bf17bd 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.h
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.h
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 
 #include <mutex>
 #include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
 
 namespace aidl {
 namespace android {
@@ -120,7 +121,8 @@
    ***/
   void OnSessionStarted(const std::shared_ptr<IBluetoothAudioPort> stack_iface,
                         const DataMQDesc* mq_desc,
-                        const AudioConfiguration& audio_config);
+                        const AudioConfiguration& audio_config,
+                        const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes);
 
   /***
    * The report function is used to report that the Bluetooth stack has ended
@@ -175,13 +177,15 @@
    * Those control functions are for the bluetooth_audio module to start,
    * suspend, stop stream, to check position, and to update metadata.
    ***/
-  bool StartStream();
+  bool StartStream(bool low_latency);
   bool SuspendStream();
   void StopStream();
   bool GetPresentationPosition(PresentationPosition& presentation_position);
   void UpdateSourceMetadata(const struct source_metadata& source_metadata);
   void UpdateSinkMetadata(const struct sink_metadata& sink_metadata);
-  void SetLatencyMode(LatencyMode latency_mode);
+
+  std::vector<LatencyMode> GetSupportedLatencyModes();
+  void SetLatencyMode(const LatencyMode& latency_mode);
 
   // The control function writes stream to FMQ
   size_t OutWritePcmData(const void* buffer, size_t bytes);
@@ -202,6 +206,8 @@
   std::unique_ptr<DataMQ> data_mq_;
   // audio data configuration for both software and offloading
   std::unique_ptr<AudioConfiguration> audio_config_;
+  std::vector<LatencyMode> latency_modes_;
+  bool low_latency_allowed_ = true;
 
   // saving those registered bluetooth_audio's callbacks
   std::unordered_map<uint16_t, std::shared_ptr<struct PortStatusCallbacks>>
@@ -234,4 +240,4 @@
 }  // namespace bluetooth
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-}  // namespace aidl
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSessionControl.h b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSessionControl.h
index 451a31f..5b838b0 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSessionControl.h
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSessionControl.h
@@ -98,11 +98,12 @@
   stop
    * stream, to check position, and to update metadata.
   ***/
-  static bool StartStream(const SessionType& session_type) {
+  static bool StartStream(const SessionType& session_type,
+                          bool low_latency = false) {
     std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioSession> session_ptr =
         BluetoothAudioSessionInstance::GetSessionInstance(session_type);
     if (session_ptr != nullptr) {
-      return session_ptr->StartStream();
+      return session_ptr->StartStream(low_latency);
     }
     return false;
   }
@@ -154,6 +155,25 @@
     }
   }
 
+  static std::vector<LatencyMode> GetSupportedLatencyModes(
+      const SessionType& session_type) {
+    std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioSession> session_ptr =
+        BluetoothAudioSessionInstance::GetSessionInstance(session_type);
+    if (session_ptr != nullptr) {
+      return session_ptr->GetSupportedLatencyModes();
+    }
+    return std::vector<LatencyMode>();
+  }
+
+  static void SetLatencyMode(const SessionType& session_type,
+                             const LatencyMode& latency_mode) {
+    std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioSession> session_ptr =
+        BluetoothAudioSessionInstance::GetSessionInstance(session_type);
+    if (session_ptr != nullptr) {
+      session_ptr->SetLatencyMode(latency_mode);
+    }
+  }
+
   /***
    * The control API writes stream to FMQ
    ***/
@@ -185,4 +205,4 @@
 }  // namespace bluetooth
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-}  // namespace aidl
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSessionReport.h b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSessionReport.h
index 03776b5..0350259 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSessionReport.h
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSessionReport.h
@@ -33,11 +33,13 @@
   static void OnSessionStarted(
       const SessionType& session_type,
       const std::shared_ptr<IBluetoothAudioPort> host_iface,
-      const DataMQDesc* data_mq, const AudioConfiguration& audio_config) {
+      const DataMQDesc* data_mq, const AudioConfiguration& audio_config,
+      const std::vector<LatencyMode>& latency_modes) {
     std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioSession> session_ptr =
         BluetoothAudioSessionInstance::GetSessionInstance(session_type);
     if (session_ptr != nullptr) {
-      session_ptr->OnSessionStarted(host_iface, data_mq, audio_config);
+      session_ptr->OnSessionStarted(host_iface, data_mq, audio_config,
+                                    latency_modes);
     }
   }
 
@@ -96,4 +98,4 @@
 }  // namespace bluetooth
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-}  // namespace aidl
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/broadcastradio/2.0/default/Android.bp b/broadcastradio/2.0/default/Android.bp
index 870c944..38eeb15 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/2.0/default/Android.bp
+++ b/broadcastradio/2.0/default/Android.bp
@@ -25,6 +25,9 @@
 
 cc_binary {
     name: "android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0-service",
+    vintf_fragments: [
+        "android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0-service.xml",
+    ],
     init_rc: ["android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0-service.rc"],
     vendor: true,
     relative_install_path: "hw",
@@ -41,7 +44,7 @@
         "TunerSession.cpp",
         "VirtualProgram.cpp",
         "VirtualRadio.cpp",
-        "service.cpp"
+        "service.cpp",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.broadcastradio@common-utils-2x-lib",
diff --git a/broadcastradio/2.0/default/android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0-service.xml b/broadcastradio/2.0/default/android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0-service.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97f2e4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/broadcastradio/2.0/default/android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0-service.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<manifest version="1.0" type="device">
+    <hal format="hidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.broadcastradio</name>
+        <transport>hwbinder</transport>
+        <version>2.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IBroadcastRadio</name>
+            <instance>amfm</instance>
+            <instance>dab</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/camera/common/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.common/current/android/hardware/camera/common/TagBoundaryId.aidl b/camera/common/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.common/current/android/hardware/camera/common/TagBoundaryId.aidl
index 2c6b500..cd50483 100644
--- a/camera/common/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.common/current/android/hardware/camera/common/TagBoundaryId.aidl
+++ b/camera/common/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.common/current/android/hardware/camera/common/TagBoundaryId.aidl
@@ -35,5 +35,5 @@
 @Backing(type="long") @VintfStability
 enum TagBoundaryId {
   AOSP = 0,
-  VENDOR = -2147483648,
+  VENDOR = 2147483648,
 }
diff --git a/camera/common/aidl/android/hardware/camera/common/TagBoundaryId.aidl b/camera/common/aidl/android/hardware/camera/common/TagBoundaryId.aidl
index f81e5b6..6c4ef3c 100644
--- a/camera/common/aidl/android/hardware/camera/common/TagBoundaryId.aidl
+++ b/camera/common/aidl/android/hardware/camera/common/TagBoundaryId.aidl
@@ -20,5 +20,5 @@
 @Backing(type="long")
 enum TagBoundaryId {
     AOSP = 0x0,
-    VENDOR = 0x80000000,
+    VENDOR = 0x80000000L,
 }
diff --git a/camera/device/3.7/ICameraInjectionSession.hal b/camera/device/3.7/ICameraInjectionSession.hal
index f5797c3..9be9b25 100644
--- a/camera/device/3.7/ICameraInjectionSession.hal
+++ b/camera/device/3.7/ICameraInjectionSession.hal
@@ -24,7 +24,10 @@
 import @3.7::ICameraDeviceSession;
 
 /**
- * Injection Camera device active session interface.
+ * Injection camera device active session interface.
+ *
+ * Note that this is implemented on a special camera injection hal, if it is a
+ * general camera hal, it is not necessary to implement this interface.
  *
  * When an external camera is injected to replace the internal camera session, the
  * injection session will be established in camera framework, and then
diff --git a/camera/metadata/3.8/types.hal b/camera/metadata/3.8/types.hal
index 0683987..8cc6646 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/3.8/types.hal
+++ b/camera/metadata/3.8/types.hal
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@
 /** android.scaler.availableStreamUseCases enumeration values
  * @see ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES
  */
-enum CameraMetadataEnumAndroidScalerAvailableStreamUseCases : uint32_t {
+enum CameraMetadataEnumAndroidScalerAvailableStreamUseCases : int64_t {
     ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT           = 0x0,
     ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW           = 0x1,
     ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_STILL_CAPTURE     = 0x2,
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/AutomotiveLensFacing.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/AutomotiveLensFacing.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14ad26e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/AutomotiveLensFacing.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *//*
+ * Autogenerated from camera metadata definitions in
+ * /system/media/camera/docs/metadata_definitions.xml
+ * *** DO NOT EDIT BY HAND ***
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.hardware.camera.metadata;
+@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+enum AutomotiveLensFacing {
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_EXTERIOR_OTHER = 0,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_EXTERIOR_FRONT = 1,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_EXTERIOR_REAR = 2,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_EXTERIOR_LEFT = 3,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_EXTERIOR_RIGHT = 4,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_OTHER = 5,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_1_LEFT = 6,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_1_CENTER = 7,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_1_RIGHT = 8,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_2_LEFT = 9,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_2_CENTER = 10,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_2_RIGHT = 11,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_3_LEFT = 12,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_3_CENTER = 13,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_3_RIGHT = 14,
+}
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/AutomotiveLocation.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/AutomotiveLocation.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5417bdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/AutomotiveLocation.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ *//*
+ * Autogenerated from camera metadata definitions in
+ * /system/media/camera/docs/metadata_definitions.xml
+ * *** DO NOT EDIT BY HAND ***
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.hardware.camera.metadata;
+@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+enum AutomotiveLocation {
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_INTERIOR = 0,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTERIOR_OTHER = 1,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTERIOR_FRONT = 2,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTERIOR_REAR = 3,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTERIOR_LEFT = 4,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTERIOR_RIGHT = 5,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTRA_OTHER = 6,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTRA_FRONT = 7,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTRA_REAR = 8,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTRA_LEFT = 9,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTRA_RIGHT = 10,
+}
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSection.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSection.aidl
index dc33836..8bed156 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSection.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSection.aidl
@@ -68,5 +68,7 @@
   ANDROID_DISTORTION_CORRECTION = 27,
   ANDROID_HEIC = 28,
   ANDROID_HEIC_INFO = 29,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE = 30,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS = 31,
   VENDOR_SECTION = 32768,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSectionStart.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSectionStart.aidl
index 3a790b3..1725347 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSectionStart.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSectionStart.aidl
@@ -68,5 +68,7 @@
   ANDROID_DISTORTION_CORRECTION_START = 1769472,
   ANDROID_HEIC_START = 1835008,
   ANDROID_HEIC_INFO_START = 1900544,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_START = 1966080,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_START = 2031616,
   VENDOR_SECTION_START = -2147483648,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataTag.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataTag.aidl
index 432c9fd..9bb55d2 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataTag.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataTag.aidl
@@ -188,14 +188,15 @@
   ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_RECOMMENDED_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS = 851982,
   ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_RECOMMENDED_INPUT_OUTPUT_FORMATS_MAP = 851983,
   ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_ROTATE_AND_CROP_MODES = 851984,
-  ANDROID_SCALER_DEFAULT_SECURE_IMAGE_SIZE = 851985,
-  ANDROID_SCALER_PHYSICAL_CAMERA_MULTI_RESOLUTION_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS = 851986,
-  ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION = 851987,
-  ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION = 851988,
-  ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STALL_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION = 851989,
-  ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_INPUT_OUTPUT_FORMATS_MAP_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION = 851990,
-  ANDROID_SCALER_MULTI_RESOLUTION_STREAM_SUPPORTED = 851991,
-  ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES = 851992,
+  ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP = 851985,
+  ANDROID_SCALER_DEFAULT_SECURE_IMAGE_SIZE = 851986,
+  ANDROID_SCALER_PHYSICAL_CAMERA_MULTI_RESOLUTION_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS = 851987,
+  ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION = 851988,
+  ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION = 851989,
+  ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STALL_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION = 851990,
+  ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_INPUT_OUTPUT_FORMATS_MAP_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION = 851991,
+  ANDROID_SCALER_MULTI_RESOLUTION_STREAM_SUPPORTED = 851992,
+  ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES = 851994,
   ANDROID_SENSOR_EXPOSURE_TIME = 917504,
   ANDROID_SENSOR_FRAME_DURATION = 917505,
   ANDROID_SENSOR_SENSITIVITY = 917506,
@@ -325,4 +326,6 @@
   ANDROID_HEIC_AVAILABLE_HEIC_STALL_DURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION = 1835013,
   ANDROID_HEIC_INFO_SUPPORTED = 1900544,
   ANDROID_HEIC_INFO_MAX_JPEG_APP_SEGMENTS_COUNT = 1900545,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION = 1966080,
+  ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING = 2031616,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/LensPoseReference.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/LensPoseReference.aidl
index 275d77b..b2d837a 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/LensPoseReference.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/LensPoseReference.aidl
@@ -41,4 +41,5 @@
   ANDROID_LENS_POSE_REFERENCE_PRIMARY_CAMERA = 0,
   ANDROID_LENS_POSE_REFERENCE_GYROSCOPE = 1,
   ANDROID_LENS_POSE_REFERENCE_UNDEFINED = 2,
+  ANDROID_LENS_POSE_REFERENCE_AUTOMOTIVE = 3,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableCapabilities.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableCapabilities.aidl
index 4462936..8dc2aa2 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableCapabilities.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableCapabilities.aidl
@@ -57,4 +57,5 @@
   ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_ULTRA_HIGH_RESOLUTION_SENSOR = 16,
   ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_REMOSAIC_REPROCESSING = 17,
   ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_DYNAMIC_RANGE_TEN_BIT = 18,
+  ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_STREAM_USE_CASE = 19,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ScalerAvailableStreamUseCases.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ScalerAvailableStreamUseCases.aidl
index 0ed55a3..bfa4f1a 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ScalerAvailableStreamUseCases.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ScalerAvailableStreamUseCases.aidl
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.camera.metadata;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="long") @VintfStability
 enum ScalerAvailableStreamUseCases {
   ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT = 0,
   ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW = 1,
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/SensorTestPatternMode.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/SensorTestPatternMode.aidl
index d013bf4..3f49b9a 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/SensorTestPatternMode.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.camera.metadata/current/android/hardware/camera/metadata/SensorTestPatternMode.aidl
@@ -43,6 +43,6 @@
   ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_COLOR_BARS = 2,
   ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_COLOR_BARS_FADE_TO_GRAY = 3,
   ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_PN9 = 4,
+  ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_BLACK = 5,
   ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_CUSTOM1 = 256,
-  ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_BLACK = 257,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/AutomotiveLensFacing.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/AutomotiveLensFacing.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8cd2229
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/AutomotiveLensFacing.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Autogenerated from camera metadata definitions in
+ * /system/media/camera/docs/metadata_definitions.xml
+ * *** DO NOT EDIT BY HAND ***
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.camera.metadata;
+
+/**
+ * android.automotive.lens.facing enumeration values
+ * @see ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING
+ */
+@VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum AutomotiveLensFacing {
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_EXTERIOR_OTHER,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_EXTERIOR_FRONT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_EXTERIOR_REAR,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_EXTERIOR_LEFT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_EXTERIOR_RIGHT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_OTHER,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_1_LEFT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_1_CENTER,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_1_RIGHT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_2_LEFT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_2_CENTER,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_2_RIGHT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_3_LEFT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_3_CENTER,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING_INTERIOR_SEAT_ROW_3_RIGHT,
+}
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/AutomotiveLocation.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/AutomotiveLocation.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ef64b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/AutomotiveLocation.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Autogenerated from camera metadata definitions in
+ * /system/media/camera/docs/metadata_definitions.xml
+ * *** DO NOT EDIT BY HAND ***
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.camera.metadata;
+
+/**
+ * android.automotive.location enumeration values
+ * @see ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION
+ */
+@VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum AutomotiveLocation {
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_INTERIOR,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTERIOR_OTHER,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTERIOR_FRONT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTERIOR_REAR,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTERIOR_LEFT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTERIOR_RIGHT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTRA_OTHER,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTRA_FRONT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTRA_REAR,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTRA_LEFT,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION_EXTRA_RIGHT,
+}
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSection.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSection.aidl
index cc3d3b3..99e28b9 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSection.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSection.aidl
@@ -59,5 +59,7 @@
     ANDROID_DISTORTION_CORRECTION,
     ANDROID_HEIC,
     ANDROID_HEIC_INFO,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS,
     VENDOR_SECTION = 0x8000,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSectionStart.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSectionStart.aidl
index 93d6f13..62c71e9 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSectionStart.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataSectionStart.aidl
@@ -61,5 +61,7 @@
     ANDROID_DISTORTION_CORRECTION_START = CameraMetadataSection.ANDROID_DISTORTION_CORRECTION << 16,
     ANDROID_HEIC_START = CameraMetadataSection.ANDROID_HEIC << 16,
     ANDROID_HEIC_INFO_START = CameraMetadataSection.ANDROID_HEIC_INFO << 16,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_START = CameraMetadataSection.ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE << 16,
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_START = CameraMetadataSection.ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS << 16,
     VENDOR_SECTION_START = CameraMetadataSection.VENDOR_SECTION << 16,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataTag.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataTag.aidl
index f20a06e..692421a 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataTag.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataTag.aidl
@@ -1161,6 +1161,13 @@
      */
     ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_ROTATE_AND_CROP_MODES,
     /**
+     * android.scaler.rotateAndCrop [dynamic, enum, public]
+     *
+     * <p>Whether a rotation-and-crop operation is applied to processed
+     * outputs from the camera.</p>
+     */
+    ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP,
+    /**
      * android.scaler.defaultSecureImageSize [static, int32[], public]
      *
      * <p>Default YUV/PRIVATE size to use for requesting secure image buffers.</p>
@@ -1229,7 +1236,7 @@
      *
      * <p>The stream use cases supported by this camera device.</p>
      */
-    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES,
+    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES = 851994,
     /**
      * android.sensor.exposureTime [dynamic, int64, public]
      *
@@ -2232,4 +2239,17 @@
      * <p>The maximum number of Jpeg APP segments supported by the camera HAL device.</p>
      */
     ANDROID_HEIC_INFO_MAX_JPEG_APP_SEGMENTS_COUNT,
+    /**
+     * android.automotive.location [static, enum, public]
+     *
+     * <p>Location of the cameras on the automotive devices.</p>
+     */
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LOCATION = CameraMetadataSectionStart.ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_START,
+    /**
+     * android.automotive.lens.facing [static, enum[], public]
+     *
+     * <p>The direction of the camera faces relative to the vehicle body frame and the
+     * passenger seats.</p>
+     */
+    ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_FACING = CameraMetadataSectionStart.ANDROID_AUTOMOTIVE_LENS_START,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ColorCorrectionMode.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ColorCorrectionMode.aidl
index 33a0879..080ca02 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ColorCorrectionMode.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ColorCorrectionMode.aidl
@@ -22,10 +22,7 @@
 
 package android.hardware.camera.metadata;
 
-/*
- * Enumeration definitions for the various entries that need them
- *
- *
+/**
  * android.colorCorrection.mode enumeration values
  * @see ANDROID_COLOR_CORRECTION_MODE
  */
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ControlAeMode.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ControlAeMode.aidl
index 9a9d5bc..e2f5553 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ControlAeMode.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ControlAeMode.aidl
@@ -22,11 +22,8 @@
 
 package android.hardware.camera.metadata;
 
-/*
- * Enumeration definitions for the various entries that need them
- *
- *
- * android.control.aeMode enumeration values added
+/**
+ * android.control.aeMode enumeration values
  * @see ANDROID_CONTROL_AE_MODE
  */
 @VintfStability
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ControlMode.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ControlMode.aidl
index 047556d..d9ab9ab 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ControlMode.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ControlMode.aidl
@@ -22,10 +22,7 @@
 
 package android.hardware.camera.metadata;
 
-/*
- * Enumeration definitions for the various entries that need them
- *
- *
+/**
  * android.control.mode enumeration values
  * @see ANDROID_CONTROL_MODE
  */
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ControlVideoStabilizationMode.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ControlVideoStabilizationMode.aidl
index 4046c4e..497846c 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ControlVideoStabilizationMode.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ControlVideoStabilizationMode.aidl
@@ -22,10 +22,7 @@
 
 package android.hardware.camera.metadata;
 
-/*
- * Enumeration definitions for the various entries that need them
- *
- *
+/**
  * android.control.videoStabilizationMode enumeration values
  * @see ANDROID_CONTROL_VIDEO_STABILIZATION_MODE
  */
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/LensPoseReference.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/LensPoseReference.aidl
index ca18676..3e6034b 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/LensPoseReference.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/LensPoseReference.aidl
@@ -32,4 +32,5 @@
     ANDROID_LENS_POSE_REFERENCE_PRIMARY_CAMERA,
     ANDROID_LENS_POSE_REFERENCE_GYROSCOPE,
     ANDROID_LENS_POSE_REFERENCE_UNDEFINED,
+    ANDROID_LENS_POSE_REFERENCE_AUTOMOTIVE,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableCapabilities.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableCapabilities.aidl
index 89f14ad..f5c77eb 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableCapabilities.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableCapabilities.aidl
@@ -48,4 +48,5 @@
     ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_ULTRA_HIGH_RESOLUTION_SENSOR,
     ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_REMOSAIC_REPROCESSING,
     ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_DYNAMIC_RANGE_TEN_BIT,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_STREAM_USE_CASE,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap.aidl
index 319be75..f04fae3 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap.aidl
@@ -29,17 +29,17 @@
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="long")
 enum RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap {
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD = 0x1,
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_HLG10 = 0x2,
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_HDR10 = 0x4,
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_HDR10_PLUS = 0x8,
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_10B_HDR_REF = 0x10,
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_10B_HDR_REF_PO = 0x20,
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_10B_HDR_OEM = 0x40,
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_10B_HDR_OEM_PO = 0x80,
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_8B_HDR_REF = 0x100,
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_8B_HDR_REF_PO = 0x200,
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_8B_HDR_OEM = 0x400,
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_8B_HDR_OEM_PO = 0x800,
-    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_MAX = 0x1000,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD = 0x1L,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_HLG10 = 0x2L,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_HDR10 = 0x4L,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_HDR10_PLUS = 0x8L,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_10B_HDR_REF = 0x10L,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_10B_HDR_REF_PO = 0x20L,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_10B_HDR_OEM = 0x40L,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_10B_HDR_OEM_PO = 0x80L,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_8B_HDR_REF = 0x100L,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_8B_HDR_REF_PO = 0x200L,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_8B_HDR_OEM = 0x400L,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_8B_HDR_OEM_PO = 0x800L,
+    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_MAX = 0x1000L,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ScalerAvailableStreamUseCases.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ScalerAvailableStreamUseCases.aidl
index 19ebab5..daa0fd3 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ScalerAvailableStreamUseCases.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/ScalerAvailableStreamUseCases.aidl
@@ -27,13 +27,13 @@
  * @see ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES
  */
 @VintfStability
-@Backing(type="int")
+@Backing(type="long")
 enum ScalerAvailableStreamUseCases {
-    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT = 0x0,
-    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW = 0x1,
-    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_STILL_CAPTURE = 0x2,
-    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_RECORD = 0x3,
-    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW_VIDEO_STILL = 0x4,
-    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL = 0x5,
-    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VENDOR_START = 0x10000,
+    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT = 0x0L,
+    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW = 0x1L,
+    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_STILL_CAPTURE = 0x2L,
+    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_RECORD = 0x3L,
+    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW_VIDEO_STILL = 0x4L,
+    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL = 0x5L,
+    ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VENDOR_START = 0x10000L,
 }
diff --git a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/SensorTestPatternMode.aidl b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/SensorTestPatternMode.aidl
index c9ca70a..29aede4 100644
--- a/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/SensorTestPatternMode.aidl
+++ b/camera/metadata/aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/SensorTestPatternMode.aidl
@@ -34,6 +34,6 @@
     ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_COLOR_BARS,
     ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_COLOR_BARS_FADE_TO_GRAY,
     ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_PN9,
-    ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_CUSTOM1 = 256,
     ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_BLACK,
+    ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_CUSTOM1 = 256,
 }
diff --git a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp
index ab867cd..f89c71d 100644
--- a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@
     HIDDEN_SECURE_CAMERA
 };
 
-const static std::vector<int32_t> kMandatoryUseCases = {
+const static std::vector<int64_t> kMandatoryUseCases = {
         ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT,
         ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW,
         ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_STILL_CAPTURE,
@@ -6995,16 +6995,16 @@
         ASSERT_NE(0u, outputPreviewStreams.size());
 
         // Combine valid and invalid stream use cases
-        std::vector<int32_t> useCases(kMandatoryUseCases);
+        std::vector<int64_t> useCases(kMandatoryUseCases);
         useCases.push_back(ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL + 1);
 
-        std::vector<int32_t> supportedUseCases;
+        std::vector<int64_t> supportedUseCases;
         camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
         auto retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta,
                 ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES, &entry);
         if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
-            supportedUseCases.insert(supportedUseCases.end(), entry.data.i32,
-                    entry.data.i32 + entry.count);
+            supportedUseCases.insert(supportedUseCases.end(), entry.data.i64,
+                    entry.data.i64 + entry.count);
         } else {
             supportedUseCases.push_back(ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT);
         }
@@ -7038,7 +7038,7 @@
                                                 });
         ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-        for (int32_t useCase : useCases) {
+        for (int64_t useCase : useCases) {
             bool useCaseSupported = std::find(supportedUseCases.begin(),
                     supportedUseCases.end(), useCase) != supportedUseCases.end();
 
@@ -9488,19 +9488,19 @@
     if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
         supportMandatoryUseCases = true;
         for (size_t i = 0; i < kMandatoryUseCases.size(); i++) {
-            if (std::find(entry.data.i32, entry.data.i32 + entry.count, kMandatoryUseCases[i])
-                    == entry.data.i32 + entry.count) {
+            if (std::find(entry.data.i64, entry.data.i64 + entry.count, kMandatoryUseCases[i])
+                    == entry.data.i64 + entry.count) {
                 supportMandatoryUseCases = false;
                 break;
             }
         }
         bool supportDefaultUseCase = false;
         for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
-            if (entry.data.i32[i] == ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT) {
+            if (entry.data.i64[i] == ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT) {
                 supportDefaultUseCase = true;
             }
-            ASSERT_TRUE(entry.data.i32[i] <= ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL ||
-                    entry.data.i32[i] >= ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VENDOR_START);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(entry.data.i64[i] <= ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL ||
+                    entry.data.i64[i] >= ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VENDOR_START);
         }
         ASSERT_TRUE(supportDefaultUseCase);
     }
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.cpp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.cpp
index 3da89e2..bde56b3 100644
--- a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.cpp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::TorchModeStatus;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::VendorTagSection;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::ICameraDevice;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::SensorPixelMode;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::provider::CameraIdAndStreamCombination;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::provider::ICameraProviderCallbackDefault;
@@ -49,7 +50,7 @@
 
 const int64_t kEmptyFlushTimeoutMSec = 200;
 
-const static std::vector<int32_t> kMandatoryUseCases = {
+const static std::vector<int64_t> kMandatoryUseCases = {
         ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT,
         ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW,
         ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_STILL_CAPTURE,
@@ -162,7 +163,7 @@
     std::map<std::string, std::vector<SystemCameraKind>> hiddenPhysicalIdToLogicalMap;
     for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
         std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
-        ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+        ALOGI("systemCameraTest: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
         ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &device);
         ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
         ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
@@ -195,13 +196,14 @@
                     break;
                 }
             }
+
             // For hidden physical cameras, collect their associated logical cameras
             // and store the system camera kind.
             if (!isPublicId) {
                 auto it = hiddenPhysicalIdToLogicalMap.find(physicalId);
                 if (it == hiddenPhysicalIdToLogicalMap.end()) {
                     hiddenPhysicalIdToLogicalMap.insert(std::make_pair(
-                            physicalId, std::vector<SystemCameraKind>(systemCameraKind)));
+                            physicalId, std::vector<SystemCameraKind>({systemCameraKind})));
                 } else {
                     it->second.push_back(systemCameraKind);
                 }
@@ -488,7 +490,7 @@
             ret = mSession->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate, &rawMetadata);
             ALOGI("constructDefaultRequestSettings returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
                   ret.getServiceSpecificError());
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
             if (reqTemplate == RequestTemplate::ZERO_SHUTTER_LAG ||
                 reqTemplate == RequestTemplate::MANUAL) {
                 // optional templates
@@ -549,6 +551,8 @@
             stream.usage = static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
                     GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER);
             stream.rotation = StreamRotation::ROTATION_0;
+            stream.dynamicRangeProfile = RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD;
 
             std::vector<Stream> streams = {stream};
             StreamConfiguration config;
@@ -626,6 +630,8 @@
                 stream.dataSpace = dataspace;
                 stream.rotation = StreamRotation::ROTATION_0;
                 stream.sensorPixelModesUsed = {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT};
+                stream.dynamicRangeProfile = RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                        ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD;
                 streams[j] = stream;
                 j++;
             }
@@ -708,7 +714,9 @@
                          std::string(),
                          jpegBufferSize,
                          -1,
-                         {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                         {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                         RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                 ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
         int32_t streamConfigCounter = 0;
         std::vector<Stream> streams = {stream};
         StreamConfiguration config;
@@ -737,7 +745,9 @@
                   std::string(),
                   jpegBufferSize,
                   -1,
-                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                  RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                          ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
 
         streams[0] = stream;
         createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
@@ -761,7 +771,9 @@
                       std::string(),
                       jpegBufferSize,
                       -1,
-                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                      RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                              ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
 
             streams[0] = stream;
             createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
@@ -784,7 +796,9 @@
                       std::string(),
                       jpegBufferSize,
                       -1,
-                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                      RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                              ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
 
             streams[0] = stream;
             createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
@@ -888,7 +902,9 @@
                         std::string(),
                         jpegBufferSize,
                         -1,
-                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                        RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
                 Stream inputStream = {
                         streamId++,
                         StreamType::INPUT,
@@ -901,7 +917,9 @@
                         std::string(),
                         jpegBufferSize,
                         -1,
-                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                        RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
                 Stream outputStream = {
                         streamId++,
                         StreamType::OUTPUT,
@@ -915,7 +933,9 @@
                         std::string(),
                         jpegBufferSize,
                         -1,
-                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                        RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
 
                 std::vector<Stream> streams = {inputStream, zslStream, outputStream};
 
@@ -996,19 +1016,22 @@
                                                         &previewThreshold));
         ASSERT_NE(0u, outputPreviewStreams.size());
 
-        Stream previewStream = {0,
-                                StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                                outputPreviewStreams[0].width,
-                                outputPreviewStreams[0].height,
-                                static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputPreviewStreams[0].format),
-                                static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
-                                        GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
-                                Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
-                                StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
-                                std::string(),
-                                /*bufferSize*/ 0,
-                                /*groupId*/ -1,
-                                {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+        Stream previewStream = {
+                0,
+                StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                outputPreviewStreams[0].width,
+                outputPreviewStreams[0].height,
+                static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputPreviewStreams[0].format),
+                static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                        GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                std::string(),
+                /*bufferSize*/ 0,
+                /*groupId*/ -1,
+                {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                        ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
 
         std::vector<Stream> streams = {previewStream};
         StreamConfiguration config;
@@ -1114,7 +1137,9 @@
                         std::string(),
                         /*bufferSize*/ 0,
                         /*groupId*/ -1,
-                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                        RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
                 Stream blobStream = {
                         streamId++,
                         StreamType::OUTPUT,
@@ -1128,7 +1153,9 @@
                         std::string(),
                         /*bufferSize*/ 0,
                         /*groupId*/ -1,
-                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                        RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
                 std::vector<Stream> streams = {previewStream, blobStream};
                 StreamConfiguration config;
 
@@ -1192,7 +1219,9 @@
                          std::string(),
                          /*bufferSize*/ 0,
                          /*groupId*/ -1,
-                         {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                         {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                         RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                 ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
         std::vector<Stream> streams = {stream};
         StreamConfiguration config;
         createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE,
@@ -1220,7 +1249,9 @@
                   std::string(),
                   /*bufferSize*/ 0,
                   /*groupId*/ -1,
-                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                  RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                          ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
         streams[0] = stream;
         createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE,
                                   &config);
@@ -1244,7 +1275,9 @@
                   std::string(),
                   /*bufferSize*/ 0,
                   /*groupId*/ -1,
-                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                  RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                          ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
         streams[0] = stream;
         createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE,
                                   &config);
@@ -1266,7 +1299,9 @@
                   std::string(),
                   /*bufferSize*/ 0,
                   /*groupId*/ -1,
-                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                  RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                          ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
         streams[0] = stream;
         createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE,
                                   &config);
@@ -1341,7 +1376,9 @@
                         std::string(),
                         jpegBufferSize,
                         /*groupId*/ -1,
-                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                        RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
                 Stream blobStream = {
                         streamId++,
                         StreamType::OUTPUT,
@@ -1355,7 +1392,9 @@
                         std::string(),
                         jpegBufferSize,
                         /*groupId*/ -1,
-                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                        RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
                 std::vector<Stream> streams = {videoStream, blobStream};
                 StreamConfiguration config;
 
@@ -1412,6 +1451,7 @@
 
     for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
         std::string version, deviceId;
+        ALOGI("processMultiCaptureRequestPreview: Test device %s", name.c_str());
         ASSERT_TRUE(matchDeviceName(name, mProviderType, &version, &deviceId));
         CameraMetadata metadata;
 
@@ -1428,6 +1468,7 @@
             ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
             continue;
         }
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
 
         std::unordered_set<std::string> physicalIds;
         rc = getPhysicalCameraIds(staticMeta, &physicalIds);
@@ -1483,10 +1524,14 @@
         Stream previewStream;
         std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
 
-        configurePreviewStreams(name, mProvider, &previewThreshold, physicalIds, &mSession,
-                                &previewStream, &halStreams /*out*/,
-                                &supportsPartialResults /*out*/, &partialResultCount /*out*/,
-                                &useHalBufManager /*out*/, &cb /*out*/, 0 /*streamConfigCounter*/);
+        configurePreviewStreams(
+                name, mProvider, &previewThreshold, physicalIds, &mSession, &previewStream,
+                &halStreams /*out*/, &supportsPartialResults /*out*/, &partialResultCount /*out*/,
+                &useHalBufManager /*out*/, &cb /*out*/, 0 /*streamConfigCounter*/, true);
+        if (mSession == nullptr) {
+            // stream combination not supported by HAL, skip test for device
+            continue;
+        }
 
         ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::MQDescriptor<
                 int8_t, aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
@@ -1817,9 +1862,7 @@
             ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
             continue;
         }
-        std::vector<
-                aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap>
-                profileList;
+        std::vector<RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap> profileList;
         get10BitDynamicRangeProfiles(staticMeta, &profileList);
         ASSERT_FALSE(profileList.empty());
 
@@ -2652,7 +2695,9 @@
                              std::string(),
                              jpegBufferSize,
                              0,
-                             {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                             {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                             RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                     ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
 
             std::vector<Stream> streams = {stream};
             StreamConfiguration config;
@@ -2720,7 +2765,9 @@
                          std::string(),
                          jpegBufferSize,
                          0,
-                         {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                         {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                         RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                 ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
 
         int32_t streamConfigCounter = 0;
         std::vector<Stream> streams = {stream};
@@ -2746,7 +2793,10 @@
                   std::string(),
                   jpegBufferSize,
                   0,
-                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                  RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                          ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
+
         streams[0] = stream;
         createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
                                   jpegBufferSize);
@@ -2767,7 +2817,9 @@
                       std::string(),
                       jpegBufferSize,
                       0,
-                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                      RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                              ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
             streams[0] = stream;
             createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
                                       jpegBufferSize);
@@ -2787,7 +2839,9 @@
                       std::string(),
                       jpegBufferSize,
                       0,
-                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                      RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                              ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
             streams[0] = stream;
             createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
                                       jpegBufferSize);
@@ -2869,7 +2923,9 @@
                 std::string(),
                 0,
                 -1,
-                {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                        ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
         std::vector<Stream> streams = {previewStream};
         StreamConfiguration config;
         config.streams = streams;
@@ -2925,37 +2981,36 @@
         ASSERT_NE(0u, outputPreviewStreams.size());
 
         // Combine valid and invalid stream use cases
-        std::vector<int32_t> useCases(kMandatoryUseCases);
+        std::vector<int64_t> useCases(kMandatoryUseCases);
         useCases.push_back(ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL + 1);
 
-        std::vector<int32_t> supportedUseCases;
+        std::vector<int64_t> supportedUseCases;
         camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
         auto retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
                 staticMeta, ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES, &entry);
         if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
-            supportedUseCases.insert(supportedUseCases.end(), entry.data.i32,
-                                     entry.data.i32 + entry.count);
+            supportedUseCases.insert(supportedUseCases.end(), entry.data.i64,
+                                     entry.data.i64 + entry.count);
         } else {
             supportedUseCases.push_back(ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT);
         }
 
         std::vector<Stream> streams(1);
-        streams[0] = {
-                0,
-                StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                outputPreviewStreams[0].width,
-                outputPreviewStreams[0].height,
-                static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputPreviewStreams[0].format),
-                static_cast<::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
-                        GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_CPU_READ),
-                Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
-                StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
-                std::string(),
-                0,
-                -1,
-                {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
-                aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
-                        ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
+        streams[0] = {0,
+                      StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                      outputPreviewStreams[0].width,
+                      outputPreviewStreams[0].height,
+                      static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputPreviewStreams[0].format),
+                      static_cast<::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                              GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_CPU_READ),
+                      Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                      StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                      std::string(),
+                      0,
+                      -1,
+                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                      RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                              ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
 
         int32_t streamConfigCounter = 0;
         CameraMetadata req;
@@ -2965,7 +3020,7 @@
         ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
         config.sessionParams = req;
 
-        for (int32_t useCase : useCases) {
+        for (int64_t useCase : useCases) {
             bool useCaseSupported = std::find(supportedUseCases.begin(), supportedUseCases.end(),
                                               useCase) != supportedUseCases.end();
 
@@ -2979,12 +3034,13 @@
 
             bool combSupported;
             ret = cameraDevice->isStreamCombinationSupported(config, &combSupported);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((ret.isOk()) || (static_cast<int32_t>(Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED) ==
-                                         ret.getServiceSpecificError()));
-            if (ret.isOk()) {
-                ASSERT_EQ(combSupported, useCaseSupported);
+            if (static_cast<int32_t>(Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED) ==
+                ret.getServiceSpecificError()) {
+                continue;
             }
+
             ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            ASSERT_EQ(combSupported, useCaseSupported);
 
             std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
             ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halStreams);
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.cpp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.cpp
index 48bca24..fd83e37 100644
--- a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.cpp
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.cpp
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <HandleImporter.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/ICameraDevice.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataTag.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/SensorInfoColorFilterArrangement.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/SensorPixelMode.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/provider/BnCameraProviderCallback.h>
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::CameraMetadata;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::ICameraDevice;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::CameraMetadataTag;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::SensorInfoColorFilterArrangement;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::SensorPixelMode;
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::provider::BnCameraProviderCallback;
@@ -118,7 +120,7 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-const std::vector<int32_t> kMandatoryUseCases = {
+const std::vector<int64_t> kMandatoryUseCases = {
         ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT,
         ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW,
         ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_STILL_CAPTURE,
@@ -326,19 +328,19 @@
     if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
         supportMandatoryUseCases = true;
         for (size_t i = 0; i < kMandatoryUseCases.size(); i++) {
-            if (std::find(entry.data.i32, entry.data.i32 + entry.count, kMandatoryUseCases[i]) ==
-                entry.data.i32 + entry.count) {
+            if (std::find(entry.data.i64, entry.data.i64 + entry.count, kMandatoryUseCases[i]) ==
+                entry.data.i64 + entry.count) {
                 supportMandatoryUseCases = false;
                 break;
             }
         }
         bool supportDefaultUseCase = false;
         for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
-            if (entry.data.i32[i] == ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT) {
+            if (entry.data.i64[i] == ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT) {
                 supportDefaultUseCase = true;
             }
-            ASSERT_TRUE(entry.data.i32[i] <= ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL ||
-                        entry.data.i32[i] >=
+            ASSERT_TRUE(entry.data.i64[i] <= ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL ||
+                        entry.data.i64[i] >=
                                 ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VENDOR_START);
         }
         ASSERT_TRUE(supportDefaultUseCase);
@@ -356,6 +358,7 @@
     camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
     int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES,
                                            &entry);
+
     if (0 != rc) {
         return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
     }
@@ -1561,6 +1564,7 @@
     ASSERT_NE(*session, nullptr);
 
     ret = (*device)->getCameraCharacteristics(staticMeta);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
 void CameraAidlTest::openEmptyInjectionSession(const std::string& name,
@@ -2141,6 +2145,10 @@
             reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(chars.metadata.data()));
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, staticMeta);
 
+    size_t expectedSize = chars.metadata.size();
+    ALOGE("validate_camera_metadata_structure: %d",
+          validate_camera_metadata_structure(staticMeta, &expectedSize));
+
     camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
     auto status =
             find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_PARTIAL_RESULT_COUNT, &entry);
@@ -2172,7 +2180,6 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getJpegBufferSize(staticMeta, &jpegBufferSize));
     ASSERT_NE(0u, jpegBufferSize);
 
-    free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
     ASSERT_FALSE(outputPreviewStreams.empty());
 
@@ -2197,7 +2204,9 @@
                   "",
                   0,
                   /*groupId*/ -1,
-                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                  RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                          ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
 
     StreamConfiguration config;
     config.streams = streams;
@@ -2466,7 +2475,7 @@
         std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session, Stream* previewStream,
         std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams, bool* supportsPartialResults,
         int32_t* partialResultCount, bool* useHalBufManager, std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* cb,
-        int32_t streamConfigCounter) {
+        int32_t streamConfigCounter, bool allowUnsupport) {
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, halStreams);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, previewStream);
@@ -2519,26 +2528,29 @@
 
     outputPreviewStreams.clear();
     Status rc = getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputPreviewStreams, previewThreshold);
-    free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
+
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
     ASSERT_FALSE(outputPreviewStreams.empty());
 
     std::vector<Stream> streams(physicalIds.size());
     int32_t streamId = 0;
     for (auto const& physicalId : physicalIds) {
-        streams[streamId++] = {streamId,
-                               StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                               outputPreviewStreams[0].width,
-                               outputPreviewStreams[0].height,
-                               static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputPreviewStreams[0].format),
-                               static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
-                                       GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
-                               Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
-                               StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
-                               physicalId,
-                               0,
-                               0,
-                               {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+        streams[streamId] = {streamId,
+                             StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                             outputPreviewStreams[0].width,
+                             outputPreviewStreams[0].height,
+                             static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputPreviewStreams[0].format),
+                             static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                     GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                             Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                             StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                             physicalId,
+                             0,
+                             -1,
+                             {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                             RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                     ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
+        streamId++;
     }
 
     StreamConfiguration config = {streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, CameraMetadata()};
@@ -2550,6 +2562,14 @@
     bool supported = false;
     ret = device->isStreamCombinationSupported(config, &supported);
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    if (allowUnsupport && !supported) {
+        // stream combination not supported. return null session
+        ret = (*session)->close();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        *session = nullptr;
+        return;
+    }
+    ASSERT_TRUE(supported) << "Stream combination must be supported.";
 
     config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter;
     std::vector<HalStream> halConfigs;
@@ -2580,13 +2600,15 @@
     cb->waitForBuffersReturned();
 }
 
-void CameraAidlTest::configureStreams(
-        const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
-        PixelFormat format, std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session, Stream* previewStream,
-        std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams, bool* supportsPartialResults,
-        int32_t* partialResultCount, bool* useHalBufManager, std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* outCb,
-        uint32_t streamConfigCounter, bool maxResolution,
-        aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap prof) {
+void CameraAidlTest::configureStreams(const std::string& name,
+                                      const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+                                      PixelFormat format,
+                                      std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session,
+                                      Stream* previewStream, std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams,
+                                      bool* supportsPartialResults, int32_t* partialResultCount,
+                                      bool* useHalBufManager, std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* outCb,
+                                      uint32_t streamConfigCounter, bool maxResolution,
+                                      RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap prof) {
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, halStreams);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, previewStream);
@@ -2612,6 +2634,7 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     staticMeta = clone_camera_metadata(
             reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(metadata.metadata.data()));
+    ASSERT_NE(staticMeta, nullptr);
 
     camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
     auto status =
@@ -2640,7 +2663,6 @@
     Size maxSize;
     auto rc = getMaxOutputSizeForFormat(staticMeta, format, &maxSize, maxResolution);
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
-    free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
 
     std::vector<Stream> streams(1);
     streams[0] = {0,
@@ -2655,7 +2677,8 @@
                   "",
                   0,
                   -1,
-                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION},
+                  {maxResolution ? SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION
+                                 : SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
                   prof};
 
     StreamConfiguration config;
@@ -2706,9 +2729,7 @@
 
 void CameraAidlTest::get10BitDynamicRangeProfiles(
         const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
-        std::vector<
-                aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap>*
-                profiles) {
+        std::vector<RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap>* profiles) {
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, staticMeta);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, profiles);
     camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
@@ -2724,8 +2745,7 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(entries.find(entry.data.i64[i]), entries.end());
         entries.insert(static_cast<int64_t>(entry.data.i64[i]));
         profiles->emplace_back(
-                static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::
-                                    RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap>(entry.data.i64[i]));
+                static_cast<RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap>(entry.data.i64[i]));
     }
 
     if (!entries.empty()) {
@@ -2883,7 +2903,7 @@
             currLargest = area;
         }
     }
-    free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
+
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
     ASSERT_FALSE(outputStreams.empty());
 
@@ -2902,7 +2922,9 @@
                   /*physicalId*/ std::string(),
                   *jpegBufferSize,
                   /*groupId*/ 0,
-                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                  RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                          ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
 
     StreamConfiguration config = {streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, CameraMetadata()};
 
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.h b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.h
index 8e284a2..ac4b2c9 100644
--- a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.h
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.h
@@ -180,7 +180,8 @@
             uint32_t streamConfigCounter, bool maxResolution,
             aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap
                     prof = ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::
-                            RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap(0));
+                            RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                                    ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD);
 
     void configurePreviewStreams(
             const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
@@ -189,7 +190,8 @@
             std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session /*out*/, Stream* previewStream /*out*/,
             std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams /*out*/, bool* supportsPartialResults /*out*/,
             int32_t* partialResultCount /*out*/, bool* useHalBufManager /*out*/,
-            std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* cb /*out*/, int32_t streamConfigCounter = 0);
+            std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* cb /*out*/, int32_t streamConfigCounter = 0,
+            bool allowUnsupport = false);
 
     void configurePreviewStream(
             const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.cpp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.cpp
index 52b4079..e5f2f1e 100644
--- a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.cpp
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.cpp
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@
         request->collectedResult.sort();
 
         // Verify final result metadata
-        auto staticMetadataBuffer = mStaticMetadata;
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMetadataBuffer = mStaticMetadata;
         bool isMonochrome = Status::OK == CameraAidlTest::isMonochromeCamera(staticMetadataBuffer);
         if (isMonochrome) {
             CameraAidlTest::verifyMonochromeCameraResult(request->collectedResult);
diff --git a/current.txt b/current.txt
index 1fedaa0..df6f91d 100644
--- a/current.txt
+++ b/current.txt
@@ -910,5 +910,6 @@
 d0fb32f3ddeb9af7115ab32905225ea69b930d2472be8e9610f0cf136c15aefb android.hardware.keymaster@4.0::IKeymasterDevice # b/210424594
 ca62a2a95d173ed323309e5e00f653ad3cceec82a6e5e4976a249cb5aafe2515 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2::types
 fa76bced6b1b71c40fc706c508a9011284c57f57831cd0cf5f45653ed4ea463e android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::types
+700d9de9b47984898789f5706e59285ea6fe83aa5744dccf8491c4b881033ae7 android.hardware.camera.device@3.7::ICameraInjectionSession
 
 # There should be no more HIDL HALs - please use AIDL instead.
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/Android.bp b/gnss/aidl/Android.bp
index 4d9c5cc..cc7c4e9 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/gnss/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -42,5 +42,11 @@
             },
         },
     },
-    versions: ["1"],
+    versions_with_info: [
+        {
+            version: "1",
+            imports: [],
+        },
+    ],
+
 }
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/BlocklistedSource.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/BlocklistedSource.aidl
index a4f0097..ccb2b28 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/BlocklistedSource.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/BlocklistedSource.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable BlocklistedSource {
   android.hardware.gnss.GnssConstellationType constellation = android.hardware.gnss.GnssConstellationType.UNKNOWN;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/CorrelationVector.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/CorrelationVector.aidl
index b0848bb..b959003 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/CorrelationVector.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/CorrelationVector.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable CorrelationVector {
   double frequencyOffsetMps;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/ElapsedRealtime.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/ElapsedRealtime.aidl
index 7d3baa4..559ed29 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/ElapsedRealtime.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/ElapsedRealtime.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable ElapsedRealtime {
   int flags;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssClock.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssClock.aidl
index c54cc2c..a8454dd 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssClock.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssClock.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable GnssClock {
   int gnssClockFlags;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssConstellationType.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssConstellationType.aidl
index c1fcfcc..fee2ef6 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssConstellationType.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssConstellationType.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
 enum GnssConstellationType {
   UNKNOWN = 0,
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssData.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssData.aidl
index 01a3b3a..31426f0 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssData.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssData.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable GnssData {
   android.hardware.gnss.GnssMeasurement[] measurements;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssLocation.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssLocation.aidl
index 54c126c..ed9dcfa 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssLocation.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssLocation.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable GnssLocation {
   int gnssLocationFlags;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMeasurement.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMeasurement.aidl
index 948c540..8a44887 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMeasurement.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMeasurement.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable GnssMeasurement {
   int flags;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMultipathIndicator.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMultipathIndicator.aidl
index 24f45c4..62ade9c 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMultipathIndicator.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMultipathIndicator.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
 enum GnssMultipathIndicator {
   UNKNOWN = 0,
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssPowerStats.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssPowerStats.aidl
index 670244f..c4a9e61 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssPowerStats.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssPowerStats.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable GnssPowerStats {
   android.hardware.gnss.ElapsedRealtime elapsedRealtime;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssSignalType.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssSignalType.aidl
index c2a5b51..4a49547 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssSignalType.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/GnssSignalType.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable GnssSignalType {
   android.hardware.gnss.GnssConstellationType constellation = android.hardware.gnss.GnssConstellationType.UNKNOWN;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnss.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnss.aidl
index 1a69f33..639539a 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnss.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnss.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IAGnss {
   void setCallback(in android.hardware.gnss.IAGnssCallback callback);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssCallback.aidl
index 2a46f61..b2da8d9 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssCallback.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IAGnssCallback {
   void agnssStatusCb(in android.hardware.gnss.IAGnssCallback.AGnssType type, in android.hardware.gnss.IAGnssCallback.AGnssStatusValue status);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRil.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRil.aidl
index 69fa32b..8930752 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRil.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRil.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IAGnssRil {
   void setCallback(in android.hardware.gnss.IAGnssRilCallback callback);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRilCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRilCallback.aidl
index 152b10a..3717026 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRilCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRilCallback.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IAGnssRilCallback {
   void requestSetIdCb(in int setIdflag);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnss.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnss.aidl
index 5657434..0e6405e 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnss.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnss.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnss {
   void setCallback(in android.hardware.gnss.IGnssCallback callback);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfo.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfo.aidl
index 2734ac1..43ad328 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfo.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfo.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssAntennaInfo {
   void setCallback(in android.hardware.gnss.IGnssAntennaInfoCallback callback);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfoCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfoCallback.aidl
index ada9707..eb6abe5 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfoCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfoCallback.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssAntennaInfoCallback {
   void gnssAntennaInfoCb(in android.hardware.gnss.IGnssAntennaInfoCallback.GnssAntennaInfo[] gnssAntennaInfos);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatching.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatching.aidl
index e1beed3..d82aa1f 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatching.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatching.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssBatching {
   void init(in android.hardware.gnss.IGnssBatchingCallback callback);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatchingCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatchingCallback.aidl
index 427137a..b12a8bd 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatchingCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatchingCallback.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssBatchingCallback {
   void gnssLocationBatchCb(in android.hardware.gnss.GnssLocation[] locations);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssCallback.aidl
index 957a75f..48c88f5 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssCallback.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssCallback {
   void gnssSetCapabilitiesCb(in int capabilities);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssConfiguration.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssConfiguration.aidl
index 54cd022..1d6399e 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssConfiguration.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssConfiguration.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssConfiguration {
   void setSuplVersion(in int version);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssDebug.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssDebug.aidl
index 8e4b5f2..591b533 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssDebug.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssDebug.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssDebug {
   android.hardware.gnss.IGnssDebug.DebugData getDebugData();
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofence.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofence.aidl
index 50da5bf..5065ad4 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofence.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofence.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssGeofence {
   void setCallback(in android.hardware.gnss.IGnssGeofenceCallback callback);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofenceCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofenceCallback.aidl
index 26482ea..df5dc2d 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofenceCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofenceCallback.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssGeofenceCallback {
   void gnssGeofenceTransitionCb(in int geofenceId, in android.hardware.gnss.GnssLocation location, in int transition, in long timestampMillis);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementCallback.aidl
index 6e62617..624a7ae 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementCallback.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssMeasurementCallback {
   void gnssMeasurementCb(in android.hardware.gnss.GnssData data);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementInterface.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementInterface.aidl
index 9c4a54b..6fe6a6c 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementInterface.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementInterface.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssMeasurementInterface {
   void setCallback(in android.hardware.gnss.IGnssMeasurementCallback callback, in boolean enableFullTracking, in boolean enableCorrVecOutputs);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageCallback.aidl
index d513c15..c65cff2 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageCallback.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssNavigationMessageCallback {
   void gnssNavigationMessageCb(in android.hardware.gnss.IGnssNavigationMessageCallback.GnssNavigationMessage message);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageInterface.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageInterface.aidl
index 196e9b9..187773d 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageInterface.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageInterface.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssNavigationMessageInterface {
   void setCallback(in android.hardware.gnss.IGnssNavigationMessageCallback callback);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndication.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndication.aidl
index fbf1f6f..f77dbff 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndication.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndication.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssPowerIndication {
   void setCallback(in android.hardware.gnss.IGnssPowerIndicationCallback callback);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndicationCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndicationCallback.aidl
index bfa787e..d35c77f 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndicationCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndicationCallback.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssPowerIndicationCallback {
   void setCapabilitiesCb(in int capabilities);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsds.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsds.aidl
index 526ecc8..3aee798 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsds.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsds.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssPsds {
   void injectPsdsData(in android.hardware.gnss.PsdsType psdsType, in byte[] psdsData);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsdsCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsdsCallback.aidl
index 2205bc4..dadc9fb 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsdsCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsdsCallback.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssPsdsCallback {
   void downloadRequestCb(in android.hardware.gnss.PsdsType psdsType);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/PsdsType.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/PsdsType.aidl
index 727bb69..60b15d6 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/PsdsType.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/PsdsType.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
 enum PsdsType {
   LONG_TERM = 1,
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteClockInfo.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteClockInfo.aidl
index ed23e63..05f7733 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteClockInfo.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteClockInfo.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable SatelliteClockInfo {
   double satHardwareCodeBiasMeters;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePositionEcef.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePositionEcef.aidl
index e1a20c3..3d4f7ff 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePositionEcef.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePositionEcef.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable SatellitePositionEcef {
   double posXMeters;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePvt.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePvt.aidl
index dc875fa..5fd411f 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePvt.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePvt.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable SatellitePvt {
   int flags;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteVelocityEcef.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteVelocityEcef.aidl
index a571048..94d0b34 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteVelocityEcef.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteVelocityEcef.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable SatelliteVelocityEcef {
   double velXMps;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsCallback.aidl
index c4cf13f..4126702 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsCallback.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IMeasurementCorrectionsCallback {
   void setCapabilitiesCb(in int capabilities);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface.aidl
index 5dc5596..bd30534 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface {
   void setCorrections(in android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections.MeasurementCorrections corrections);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/MeasurementCorrections.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/MeasurementCorrections.aidl
index f32c8c2..35fd79e 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/MeasurementCorrections.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/MeasurementCorrections.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable MeasurementCorrections {
   double latitudeDegrees;
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/ReflectingPlane.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/ReflectingPlane.aidl
index 90c3818..90c9e03 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/ReflectingPlane.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/ReflectingPlane.aidl
@@ -32,10 +32,11 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable ReflectingPlane {
   double latitudeDegrees;
   double longitudeDegrees;
   double altitudeMeters;
-  double azimuthDegrees;
+  double reflectingPlaneAzimuthDegrees;
 }
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/SingleSatCorrection.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/SingleSatCorrection.aidl
index d18c1a7..ebbe684 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/SingleSatCorrection.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/SingleSatCorrection.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable SingleSatCorrection {
   int singleSatCorrectionFlags;
@@ -39,11 +40,24 @@
   int svid;
   long carrierFrequencyHz;
   float probSatIsLos;
-  float excessPathLengthMeters;
-  float excessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters;
-  android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections.ReflectingPlane reflectingPlane;
+  float combinedExcessPathLengthMeters;
+  float combinedExcessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters;
+  float combinedAttenuationDb;
+  android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections.SingleSatCorrection.ExcessPathInfo[] excessPathInfos;
   const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_SAT_IS_LOS_PROBABILITY = 1;
-  const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH = 2;
-  const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH_UNC = 4;
-  const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_REFLECTING_PLANE = 8;
+  const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_COMBINED_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH = 2;
+  const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_COMBINED_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH_UNC = 4;
+  const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_COMBINED_ATTENUATION = 16;
+  @VintfStability
+  parcelable ExcessPathInfo {
+    int excessPathInfoFlags;
+    float excessPathLengthMeters;
+    float excessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters;
+    android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections.ReflectingPlane reflectingPlane;
+    float attenuationDb;
+    const int EXCESS_PATH_INFO_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH = 1;
+    const int EXCESS_PATH_INFO_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH_UNC = 2;
+    const int EXCESS_PATH_INFO_HAS_REFLECTING_PLANE = 4;
+    const int EXCESS_PATH_INFO_HAS_ATTENUATION = 8;
+  }
 }
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControl.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControl.aidl
index f674099..d7a7a96 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControl.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControl.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss.visibility_control;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssVisibilityControl {
   void enableNfwLocationAccess(in @utf8InCpp String[] proxyApps);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControlCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControlCallback.aidl
index 37e1886..c9b96f5 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControlCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.gnss/current/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControlCallback.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.gnss.visibility_control;
+/* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssVisibilityControlCallback {
   void nfwNotifyCb(in android.hardware.gnss.visibility_control.IGnssVisibilityControlCallback.NfwNotification notification);
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/BlocklistedSource.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/BlocklistedSource.aidl
index 8b73092..0c40a49 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/BlocklistedSource.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/BlocklistedSource.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Represents a blocklisted source.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable BlocklistedSource {
@@ -33,4 +35,4 @@
      * svid's for the specified constellation.
      */
     int svid;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/CorrelationVector.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/CorrelationVector.aidl
index 6fbabbc..a933c67 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/CorrelationVector.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/CorrelationVector.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 /**
  * Contains info about the correlation output of incoming GNSS signal and a local copy of
  * its corresponding spreading code at a given frequency offset.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable CorrelationVector {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/ElapsedRealtime.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/ElapsedRealtime.aidl
index 67d090e..67ecbcb 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/ElapsedRealtime.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/ElapsedRealtime.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Cumulative GNSS power statistics since boot.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable ElapsedRealtime {
@@ -50,4 +52,4 @@
      * reported measurements in nanoseconds (68% confidence).
      */
     double timeUncertaintyNs;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssClock.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssClock.aidl
index f416e08..f5c090b 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssClock.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssClock.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Represents an estimate of the GNSS clock time.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable GnssClock {
@@ -200,4 +202,4 @@
      * Reference GNSS signal type for inter-signal bias.
      */
     GnssSignalType referenceSignalTypeForIsb;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssConstellationType.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssConstellationType.aidl
index af3e089..2efd1d9 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssConstellationType.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssConstellationType.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  *
  * This is to specify the navigation satellite system, for example, as listed in Section 3.5 in
  * RINEX Version 3.04.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
@@ -40,4 +42,4 @@
     GALILEO = 6,
     /** Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System. */
     IRNSS   = 7,
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssData.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssData.aidl
index 6b2068e..075a039 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssData.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssData.aidl
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
  *
  * - Reporting of GNSS constellation measurements is mandatory.
  * - Reporting of all tracked constellations are encouraged.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable GnssData {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssLocation.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssLocation.aidl
index 25aea4d..9946851 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssLocation.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssLocation.aidl
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 import android.hardware.gnss.ElapsedRealtime;
 
-/** Represents a location. */
+/** Represents a location. @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable GnssLocation {
     /** Bit mask to indicate GnssLocation has valid latitude and longitude. */
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMeasurement.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMeasurement.aidl
index efecddd..db724a4 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMeasurement.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMeasurement.aidl
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
  * this struct must be based on GNSS signal measurements only. You must not synthesize measurements
  * by calculating or reporting expected measurements based on known or estimated position, velocity,
  * or time.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable GnssMeasurement {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMultipathIndicator.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMultipathIndicator.aidl
index ec1ce62..98ffe28 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMultipathIndicator.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssMultipathIndicator.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 /**
  * Enumeration of available values for the GNSS Measurement's multipath
  * indicator.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
@@ -29,4 +31,4 @@
     PRESENT      = 1,
     /** The measurement is indicated to be not affected by multipath. */
     NOT_PRESENT = 2,
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssPowerStats.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssPowerStats.aidl
index 2bea44d..3f33dd6 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssPowerStats.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssPowerStats.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Cumulative GNSS power statistics since boot.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable GnssPowerStats {
@@ -63,4 +65,4 @@
      * operating in each of the vendor-specific power modes.
      */
     double[] otherModesEnergyMilliJoule;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssSignalType.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssSignalType.aidl
index a16b170..241971f 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssSignalType.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/GnssSignalType.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Represents a GNSS signal type.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable GnssSignalType {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnss.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnss.aidl
index 30b2167..ca67e01 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnss.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnss.aidl
@@ -19,7 +19,11 @@
 import android.hardware.gnss.IAGnssCallback;
 import android.hardware.gnss.IAGnssCallback.AGnssType;
 
-/** Extended interface for Assisted GNSS support. */
+/**
+ * Extended interface for Assisted GNSS support.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
 @VintfStability
 interface IAGnss {
     /** Access point name IP type */
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssCallback.aidl
index 8f881b7..e3a1649 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssCallback.aidl
@@ -16,7 +16,11 @@
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
 
-/** Callback structure for the AGNSS interface. */
+/**
+ * Callback structure for the AGNSS interface.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
 @VintfStability
 interface IAGnssCallback {
     /** AGNSS service type */
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRil.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRil.aidl
index b505d81..44847f0 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRil.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRil.aidl
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
  * Layer interface allows the GNSS chipset to request radio interface layer
  * information from Android platform. Examples of such information are reference
  * location, unique subscriber ID, phone number string and network availability changes.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IAGnssRil {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRilCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRilCallback.aidl
index 485626d..99fe2b7 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRilCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IAGnssRilCallback.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 /**
  * Callback for IAGnssRil interface. Used to request SET ID and
  * Reference Location.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IAGnssRilCallback {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnss.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnss.aidl
index 12fdbb4..f0b583d 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnss.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnss.aidl
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Represents the standard GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) interface.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnss {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfo.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfo.aidl
index de83b67..3b173f9 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfo.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfo.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Extended interface for GNSS antenna information support.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssAntennaInfo {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfoCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfoCallback.aidl
index ef0a7fc..4856551 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfoCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssAntennaInfoCallback.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 /**
  * The callback interface to report GNSS antenna information from the HAL.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssAntennaInfoCallback {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatching.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatching.aidl
index 0d03a0f..2880df6 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatching.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatching.aidl
@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@
  * As with GNSS Location outputs, source of location must be GNSS satellite measurements, optionally
  * using interial and baro sensors to improve relative motion filtering. No additional absolute
  * positioning information, such as WiFi derived location, may be mixed with the GNSS information.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssBatching {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatchingCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatchingCallback.aidl
index b1bfc57..36e8307 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatchingCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssBatchingCallback.aidl
@@ -18,7 +18,11 @@
 
 import android.hardware.gnss.GnssLocation;
 
-/** The callback interface to report batched GNSS locations from the HAL. */
+/**
+ * The callback interface to report batched GNSS locations from the HAL.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssBatchingCallback {
     /**
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssCallback.aidl
index 866606f..8633bea 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssCallback.aidl
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
  * This interface is required for the HAL to communicate certain information
  * like status and location info back to the framework, the framework implements
  * the interfaces and passes a handle to the HAL.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssCallback {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssConfiguration.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssConfiguration.aidl
index e0ad357..313ae22 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssConfiguration.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssConfiguration.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Extended interface for GNSS Configuration support.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssConfiguration {
@@ -119,4 +121,4 @@
      * @param blocklist The BlocklistedSource(s) of satellites the HAL must not use.
      */
     void setBlocklist(in BlocklistedSource[] blocklist);
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssDebug.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssDebug.aidl
index 3071dce5..9e1b5ed 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssDebug.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssDebug.aidl
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
  *
  * This information is used for debugging purpose, e.g., shown in a bugreport to
  * describe the chipset states including time, position, and satellite data.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssDebug {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofence.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofence.aidl
index bb4ff93..2a540a2 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofence.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofence.aidl
@@ -18,7 +18,11 @@
 
 import android.hardware.gnss.IGnssGeofenceCallback;
 
-/** Extended interface for GNSS Geofence support. */
+/**
+ * Extended interface for GNSS Geofence support.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssGeofence {
     /**
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofenceCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofenceCallback.aidl
index c176965..5cb8d9c 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofenceCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssGeofenceCallback.aidl
@@ -90,6 +90,8 @@
  * hopefully provide a definitive state transition to the third party
  * application. GNSS Geofence will just be a signal indicating what the GNSS
  * subsystem knows about the Geofence.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssGeofenceCallback {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementCallback.aidl
index 328cf2a..a8bd8a3 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementCallback.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 /**
  * The callback interface to report GNSS Measurement from the HAL.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssMeasurementCallback {
@@ -29,4 +31,4 @@
      * @param data Contains a reading of GNSS measurements.
      */
     void gnssMeasurementCb(in GnssData data);
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementInterface.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementInterface.aidl
index 102cdcd..8062aed 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementInterface.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssMeasurementInterface.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Extended interface for GNSS Measurement support.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssMeasurementInterface {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageCallback.aidl
index 0fdfaf8..6990e19 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageCallback.aidl
@@ -16,7 +16,11 @@
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
 
-/** Represents a GNSS navigation message (or a fragment of it). */
+/**
+ * Represents a GNSS navigation message (or a fragment of it).
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssNavigationMessageCallback {
     /**
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageInterface.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageInterface.aidl
index e2f57c3..6c0f83a 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageInterface.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssNavigationMessageInterface.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Extended interface for GNSS navigation message reporting support.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssNavigationMessageInterface {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndication.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndication.aidl
index 93fdadc..1486095 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndication.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndication.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Extended interface for GNSS Power Indication support.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssPowerIndication {
@@ -36,4 +38,4 @@
      * from IGnssPowerIndicationCallback.gnssPowerStatsCb().
      */
     oneway void requestGnssPowerStats();
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndicationCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndicationCallback.aidl
index 4474c0c..8e6a6e4 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndicationCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPowerIndicationCallback.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 /**
  * The callback interface to report GNSS Power Indication from the HAL.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssPowerIndicationCallback {
@@ -60,4 +62,4 @@
      * @param gnssPowerStats GNSS power statistics since boot.
      */
     oneway void gnssPowerStatsCb(in GnssPowerStats gnssPowerStats);
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsds.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsds.aidl
index 7c46096..8de2dcf 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsds.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsds.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 /**
  * This interface is used by the GNSS HAL to request the framework to download Predicted Satellite
  * Data Service data.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssPsds {
@@ -42,4 +44,4 @@
      * @param callback Handle to the IGnssPsdsCallback interface.
      */
     void setCallback(in IGnssPsdsCallback callback);
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsdsCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsdsCallback.aidl
index 72b693b..bc31000 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsdsCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/IGnssPsdsCallback.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 /**
  * This interface is used by the GNSS HAL to request download data from Predicted Satellite Data
  * Service (PSDS).
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssPsdsCallback {
@@ -34,4 +36,4 @@
      * @param psdsType Type of PSDS data.
      */
     void downloadRequestCb(in PsdsType psdsType);
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/PsdsType.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/PsdsType.aidl
index d4fec77..67a74c7 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/PsdsType.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/PsdsType.aidl
@@ -16,7 +16,11 @@
 
 package android.hardware.gnss;
 
-/** The type of PSDS data. */
+/**
+ * The type of PSDS data.
+ *
+ * @hide
+ */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
 enum PsdsType {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteClockInfo.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteClockInfo.aidl
index 4b7d5d6..84f35ff 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteClockInfo.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteClockInfo.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Contains estimates of the satellite clock info.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable SatelliteClockInfo {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePositionEcef.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePositionEcef.aidl
index febe623..105cb85 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePositionEcef.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePositionEcef.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  *
  * The satellite position must be defined at the time of transmission of the
  * signal receivedSvTimeNs.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable SatellitePositionEcef {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePvt.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePvt.aidl
index d9f767a..2d52415 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePvt.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatellitePvt.aidl
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 /**
  * Contains estimates of the satellite position, velocity and time in the
  * ECEF coordinate frame.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable SatellitePvt {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteVelocityEcef.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteVelocityEcef.aidl
index f2d7ab6..3d3ea1a 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteVelocityEcef.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/SatelliteVelocityEcef.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
  *
  * The satellite velocity must be defined at the time of transmission of the
  * signal receivedSvTimeNs.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable SatelliteVelocityEcef {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsCallback.aidl
index d695e70..4732ffc 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsCallback.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 /**
  * GNSS measurement corrections callback interface.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IMeasurementCorrectionsCallback {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface.aidl
index eeabc6d..841fed3 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 
 /**
  * Interface for measurement corrections support.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/MeasurementCorrections.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/MeasurementCorrections.aidl
index 285c7d4..d6224b4 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/MeasurementCorrections.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/MeasurementCorrections.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
  * A struct containing a set of measurement corrections for all used GNSS satellites at the location
  * specified by latitudeDegrees, longitudeDegrees, altitudeMeters and at the time of week specified
  * toaGpsNanosecondsOfWeek
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable MeasurementCorrections {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/ReflectingPlane.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/ReflectingPlane.aidl
index 9bf2b44..8104372 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/ReflectingPlane.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/ReflectingPlane.aidl
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
  * The value is only valid if HAS_REFLECTING_PLANE flag is set. An invalid reflecting plane
  * means either reflection planes serving is not supported or the satellite signal has gone
  * through multiple reflections.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable ReflectingPlane {
@@ -39,5 +41,5 @@
     double altitudeMeters;
 
     /** Represents azimuth clockwise from north of the reflecting plane in degrees. */
-    double azimuthDegrees;
+    double reflectingPlaneAzimuthDegrees;
 }
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/SingleSatCorrection.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/SingleSatCorrection.aidl
index d9f7105..56c691c 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/SingleSatCorrection.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/measurement_corrections/SingleSatCorrection.aidl
@@ -23,18 +23,20 @@
  * A struct with measurement corrections for a single visible satellites
  *
  * The bit mask singleSatCorrectionFlags indicates which correction values are valid in the struct
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable SingleSatCorrection {
     /** Bit mask to indicate which values are valid in a SingleSatCorrection object. */
-    /** GnssSingleSatCorrectionFlags has valid satellite-is-line-of-sight-probability field. */
+    /** GnssSingleSatCorrectionFlags has valid probSatIsLos field. */
     const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_SAT_IS_LOS_PROBABILITY = 0x0001;
-    /** GnssSingleSatCorrectionFlags has valid Excess Path Length field. */
-    const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH = 0x0002;
-    /** GnssSingleSatCorrectionFlags has valid Excess Path Length Uncertainty field. */
-    const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH_UNC = 0x0004;
-    /** GnssSingleSatCorrectionFlags has valid Reflecting Plane field. */
-    const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_REFLECTING_PLANE = 0x0008;
+    /** GnssSingleSatCorrectionFlags has valid combinedExcessPathLengthMeters field. */
+    const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_COMBINED_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH = 0x0002;
+    /** GnssSingleSatCorrectionFlags has valid combinedExcessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters field. */
+    const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_COMBINED_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH_UNC = 0x0004;
+    /** GnssSingleSatCorrectionFlags has valid combinedAttenuationDb field. */
+    const int SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_COMBINED_ATTENUATION = 0x0010;
 
     /** Contains GnssSingleSatCorrectionFlags bits. */
     int singleSatCorrectionFlags;
@@ -65,21 +67,74 @@
     float probSatIsLos;
 
     /**
-     * Excess path length to be subtracted from pseudorange before using it in calculating location.
+     * Combined excess path length to be subtracted from pseudorange before using it in
+     * calculating location.
      *
-     * Note this value is NOT to be used to adjust the GnsseasurementCallback outputs.
+     * The value is computed by correlating the individual paths and picking the delay at the
+     * highest peak.
+     *
+     * Note this value is NOT to be used to adjust the GnssMeasurementCallback outputs.
      */
-    float excessPathLengthMeters;
-
-    /** Error estimate (1-sigma) for the Excess path length estimate */
-    float excessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters;
+    float combinedExcessPathLengthMeters;
 
     /**
-     * Defines the reflecting plane characteristics such as location and azimuth
+     * Error estimate (1-sigma) for the Excess path length estimate.
      *
-     * The value is only valid if HAS_REFLECTING_PLANE flag is set. An invalid reflecting plane
-     * means either reflection planes serving is not supported or the satellite signal has gone
-     * through multiple reflections.
+     * The value is computed by combining the individual excessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters values
+     * into a single value for this satellite.
      */
-    ReflectingPlane reflectingPlane;
+    float combinedExcessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters;
+
+    /**
+     * Combined expected reduction of signal strength for this satellite in non-negative dB.
+     */
+    float combinedAttenuationDb;
+
+    /**
+     * A struct for the info of an excess path caused by reflection.
+     */
+    @VintfStability
+    parcelable ExcessPathInfo {
+        /** ExcessPathInfo has valid Excess Path Length field. */
+        const int EXCESS_PATH_INFO_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH = 0x0001;
+        /** ExcessPathInfo has valid Excess Path Length Uncertainty field. */
+        const int EXCESS_PATH_INFO_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH_UNC = 0x0002;
+        /** ExcessPathInfo has valid Reflecting Plane field. */
+        const int EXCESS_PATH_INFO_HAS_REFLECTING_PLANE = 0x0004;
+        /** ExcessPathInfo has valid Attenuation field. */
+        const int EXCESS_PATH_INFO_HAS_ATTENUATION = 0x0008;
+
+        /** Contains flag bits to indicate which fields exist in the ExcessPathInfo object. */
+        int excessPathInfoFlags;
+
+        /**
+         * Excess path length to be subtracted from pseudorange before using it in calculating
+         * location.
+         *
+         * Note this value is NOT to be used to adjust the GnssMeasurementCallback outputs.
+         */
+        float excessPathLengthMeters;
+
+        /** Error estimate (1-sigma) for the Excess path length estimate. */
+        float excessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters;
+
+        /**
+         * Defines the reflecting plane characteristics such as location and azimuth.
+         *
+         * The value is only valid if HAS_REFLECTING_PLANE flag is set. An invalid reflecting plane
+         * means either reflection planes serving is not supported or the satellite signal has gone
+         * through multiple reflections.
+         */
+        ReflectingPlane reflectingPlane;
+
+        /**
+         * The expected reduction of signal strength of this path in non-negative dB.
+         */
+        float attenuationDb;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * A list of excess path info.
+     */
+    ExcessPathInfo[] excessPathInfos;
 }
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControl.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControl.aidl
index c9c1549..2fdf0be 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControl.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControl.aidl
@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@
  * status, or other information that can be used to derive user location to any entity when not
  * expressly authorized by this HAL. This includes all endpoints for location information
  * off the device, including carriers, vendors, OEM and others directly or indirectly.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssVisibilityControl {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControlCallback.aidl b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControlCallback.aidl
index 051fbe6..8b08098 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControlCallback.aidl
+++ b/gnss/aidl/android/hardware/gnss/visibility_control/IGnssVisibilityControlCallback.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 
 /**
  * GNSS location reporting permissions and notification callback interface.
+ *
+ * @hide
  */
 @VintfStability
 interface IGnssVisibilityControlCallback {
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/default/Android.bp b/gnss/aidl/default/Android.bp
index 4543665..c8ae6b2 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/gnss/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@
     ],
     vintf_fragments: [
         "gnss-default.xml",
-        "gnss@2.1-service.xml",
     ],
     vendor: true,
     cflags: [
@@ -47,7 +46,6 @@
         "liblog",
         "android.hardware.gnss@2.1",
         "android.hardware.gnss@2.0",
-        "android.hardware.gnss@1.1",
         "android.hardware.gnss@1.0",
         "android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections@1.1",
         "android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections@1.0",
@@ -62,7 +60,6 @@
         "GnssBatching.cpp",
         "GnssDebug.cpp",
         "GnssGeofence.cpp",
-        "GnssHidlHal.cpp",
         "GnssNavigationMessageInterface.cpp",
         "GnssPowerIndication.cpp",
         "GnssPsds.cpp",
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/default/GnssHidlHal.cpp b/gnss/aidl/default/GnssHidlHal.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 10b0106..0000000
--- a/gnss/aidl/default/GnssHidlHal.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#define LOG_TAG "GnssHidlHal"
-
-#include "GnssHidlHal.h"
-
-namespace aidl::android::hardware::gnss {
-
-using GnssSvInfo = ::android::hardware::gnss::V2_1::IGnssCallback::GnssSvInfo;
-
-GnssHidlHal::GnssHidlHal(const std::shared_ptr<Gnss>& gnssAidl) : mGnssAidl(gnssAidl) {
-    Gnss* iGnss = mGnssAidl.get();
-    std::shared_ptr<IGnssConfiguration> iGnssConfiguration;
-    auto status = iGnss->getExtensionGnssConfiguration(&iGnssConfiguration);
-    if (!status.isOk()) {
-        ALOGE("Failed to getExtensionGnssConfiguration.");
-    } else {
-        mGnssConfigurationAidl = iGnss->mGnssConfiguration;
-    }
-
-    std::shared_ptr<IGnssPowerIndication> iGnssPowerIndication;
-    status = iGnss->getExtensionGnssPowerIndication(&iGnssPowerIndication);
-    if (!status.isOk()) {
-        ALOGE("Failed to getExtensionGnssPowerIndication.");
-    } else {
-        mGnssPowerIndicationAidl = iGnss->mGnssPowerIndication;
-    }
-};
-
-hidl_vec<GnssSvInfo> GnssHidlHal::filterBlocklistedSatellitesV2_1(
-        hidl_vec<GnssSvInfo> gnssSvInfoList) {
-    if (mGnssConfigurationAidl == nullptr) {
-        ALOGE("Handle to AIDL GnssConfiguration is not available.");
-        return gnssSvInfoList;
-    }
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < gnssSvInfoList.size(); i++) {
-        if (mGnssConfigurationAidl->isBlocklistedV2_1(gnssSvInfoList[i])) {
-            ALOGD("Blocklisted constellation: %d, svid: %d",
-                  (int)gnssSvInfoList[i].v2_0.constellation, gnssSvInfoList[i].v2_0.v1_0.svid);
-            gnssSvInfoList[i].v2_0.v1_0.svFlag &= ~static_cast<uint8_t>(
-                    ::android::hardware::gnss::V1_0::IGnssCallback::GnssSvFlags::USED_IN_FIX);
-        }
-    }
-    return gnssSvInfoList;
-}
-
-void GnssHidlHal::notePowerConsumption() {
-    mGnssPowerIndicationAidl->notePowerConsumption();
-}
-
-}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::gnss
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/default/GnssHidlHal.h b/gnss/aidl/default/GnssHidlHal.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 5fb4f97..0000000
--- a/gnss/aidl/default/GnssHidlHal.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include "Gnss.h"
-#include "GnssConfiguration.h"
-#include "v2_1/GnssTemplate.h"
-
-namespace aidl::android::hardware::gnss {
-
-class GnssHidlHal : public ::android::hardware::gnss::common::implementation::GnssTemplate<
-                            ::android::hardware::gnss::V2_1::IGnss> {
-  public:
-    GnssHidlHal(const std::shared_ptr<Gnss>& gnssAidl);
-
-  private:
-    hidl_vec<::android::hardware::gnss::V2_1::IGnssCallback::GnssSvInfo>
-    filterBlocklistedSatellitesV2_1(
-            hidl_vec<::android::hardware::gnss::V2_1::IGnssCallback::GnssSvInfo> gnssSvInfoList)
-            override;
-    void notePowerConsumption() override;
-
-    std::shared_ptr<Gnss> mGnssAidl;
-    std::shared_ptr<GnssConfiguration> mGnssConfigurationAidl;
-    std::shared_ptr<GnssPowerIndication> mGnssPowerIndicationAidl;
-};
-
-}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::gnss
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/default/MeasurementCorrectionsInterface.cpp b/gnss/aidl/default/MeasurementCorrectionsInterface.cpp
index 0f1851c..66270c8 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/default/MeasurementCorrectionsInterface.cpp
+++ b/gnss/aidl/default/MeasurementCorrectionsInterface.cpp
@@ -37,16 +37,26 @@
           static_cast<int>(corrections.satCorrections.size()));
     for (auto singleSatCorrection : corrections.satCorrections) {
         ALOGD("singleSatCorrection = flags: %d, constellation: %d, svid: %d"
-              ", cfHz: %" PRId64 ", probLos: %f, epl: %f, eplUnc: %f",
+              ", cfHz: %" PRId64
+              ", probLos: %f, combinedEpl: %f, combinedEplUnc: %f, combinedAttenuation: %f"
+              ", excessPathInfos.size: %d",
               singleSatCorrection.singleSatCorrectionFlags, singleSatCorrection.constellation,
               singleSatCorrection.svid, singleSatCorrection.carrierFrequencyHz,
-              singleSatCorrection.probSatIsLos, singleSatCorrection.excessPathLengthMeters,
-              singleSatCorrection.excessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters);
-        ALOGD("reflecting plane = lat: %f, lng: %f, alt: %f, azm: %f",
-              singleSatCorrection.reflectingPlane.latitudeDegrees,
-              singleSatCorrection.reflectingPlane.longitudeDegrees,
-              singleSatCorrection.reflectingPlane.altitudeMeters,
-              singleSatCorrection.reflectingPlane.azimuthDegrees);
+              singleSatCorrection.probSatIsLos, singleSatCorrection.combinedExcessPathLengthMeters,
+              singleSatCorrection.combinedExcessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters,
+              singleSatCorrection.combinedAttenuationDb,
+              static_cast<int>(singleSatCorrection.excessPathInfos.size()));
+
+        for (auto excessPathInfo : singleSatCorrection.excessPathInfos) {
+            ALOGD("excessPathInfo = epl: %f, eplUnc: %f, attenuation: %f",
+                  excessPathInfo.excessPathLengthMeters,
+                  excessPathInfo.excessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters, excessPathInfo.attenuationDb);
+            ALOGD("reflecting plane = lat: %f, lng: %f, alt: %f, azm: %f",
+                  excessPathInfo.reflectingPlane.latitudeDegrees,
+                  excessPathInfo.reflectingPlane.longitudeDegrees,
+                  excessPathInfo.reflectingPlane.altitudeMeters,
+                  excessPathInfo.reflectingPlane.reflectingPlaneAzimuthDegrees);
+        }
     }
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/default/gnss@2.1-service.xml b/gnss/aidl/default/gnss@2.1-service.xml
deleted file mode 100644
index 12a1fdf..0000000
--- a/gnss/aidl/default/gnss@2.1-service.xml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-<manifest version="1.0" type="device">
-    <hal format="hidl">
-        <name>android.hardware.gnss</name>
-        <transport>hwbinder</transport>
-        <version>2.1</version>
-        <version>1.1</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IGnss</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
-</manifest>
diff --git a/gnss/aidl/default/service.cpp b/gnss/aidl/default/service.cpp
index bbe34f1..162532b 100644
--- a/gnss/aidl/default/service.cpp
+++ b/gnss/aidl/default/service.cpp
@@ -24,15 +24,12 @@
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <pthread.h>
 #include "Gnss.h"
-#include "GnssHidlHal.h"
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::gnss::Gnss;
-using aidl::android::hardware::gnss::GnssHidlHal;
 using ::android::OK;
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool;
 using ::android::hardware::joinRpcThreadpool;
-using ::android::hardware::gnss::V2_1::IGnss;
 
 int main() {
     ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(1);
@@ -44,14 +41,6 @@
             AServiceManager_addService(gnssAidl->asBinder().get(), instance.c_str());
     CHECK_EQ(status, STATUS_OK);
 
-    sp<IGnss> gnss = new GnssHidlHal(gnssAidl);
-    configureRpcThreadpool(1, true /* will join */);
-    if (gnss->registerAsService() != OK) {
-        ALOGE("Could not register gnss 2.1 service.");
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-    joinRpcThreadpool();
     ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
 
     return EXIT_FAILURE;  // should not reach
diff --git a/gnss/common/utils/vts/Utils.cpp b/gnss/common/utils/vts/Utils.cpp
index 4c725a8..69e2b34 100644
--- a/gnss/common/utils/vts/Utils.cpp
+++ b/gnss/common/utils/vts/Utils.cpp
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 using ReflectingPlaneAidl = android::hardware::gnss::measurement_corrections::ReflectingPlane;
 using SingleSatCorrectionAidl =
         android::hardware::gnss::measurement_corrections::SingleSatCorrection;
+using ExcessPathInfo = SingleSatCorrectionAidl::ExcessPathInfo;
 
 template <>
 int64_t Utils::getLocationTimestampMillis(const android::hardware::gnss::GnssLocation& location) {
@@ -170,38 +171,68 @@
     return mockCorrections_1_1;
 }
 
+namespace {
+const ExcessPathInfo createExcessPathInfo(float excessPathLengthMeters,
+                                          float excessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters,
+                                          const ReflectingPlaneAidl* reflectingPlane,
+                                          float attenuationDb) {
+    ExcessPathInfo excessPathInfo;
+    excessPathInfo.excessPathInfoFlags =
+            ExcessPathInfo::EXCESS_PATH_INFO_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH |
+            ExcessPathInfo::EXCESS_PATH_INFO_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH_UNC |
+            ExcessPathInfo::EXCESS_PATH_INFO_HAS_ATTENUATION |
+            (reflectingPlane == nullptr ? 0
+                                        : ExcessPathInfo::EXCESS_PATH_INFO_HAS_REFLECTING_PLANE);
+    excessPathInfo.excessPathLengthMeters = excessPathLengthMeters;
+    excessPathInfo.excessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters = excessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters;
+    if (reflectingPlane != nullptr) {
+        excessPathInfo.reflectingPlane = *reflectingPlane;
+    }
+    excessPathInfo.attenuationDb = attenuationDb;
+    return excessPathInfo;
+}
+}  // anonymous namespace
+
 const MeasurementCorrectionsAidl Utils::getMockMeasurementCorrections_aidl() {
     ReflectingPlaneAidl reflectingPlane;
     reflectingPlane.latitudeDegrees = 37.4220039;
     reflectingPlane.longitudeDegrees = -122.0840991;
     reflectingPlane.altitudeMeters = 250.35;
-    reflectingPlane.azimuthDegrees = 203.0;
+    reflectingPlane.reflectingPlaneAzimuthDegrees = 203.0;
 
     SingleSatCorrectionAidl singleSatCorrection1;
     singleSatCorrection1.singleSatCorrectionFlags =
             SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_SAT_IS_LOS_PROBABILITY |
-            SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH |
-            SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH_UNC |
-            SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_REFLECTING_PLANE;
+            SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_COMBINED_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH |
+            SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_COMBINED_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH_UNC |
+            SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_COMBINED_ATTENUATION;
     singleSatCorrection1.constellation = android::hardware::gnss::GnssConstellationType::GPS;
     singleSatCorrection1.svid = 12;
     singleSatCorrection1.carrierFrequencyHz = 1.59975e+09;
     singleSatCorrection1.probSatIsLos = 0.50001;
-    singleSatCorrection1.excessPathLengthMeters = 137.4802;
-    singleSatCorrection1.excessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters = 25.5;
-    singleSatCorrection1.reflectingPlane = reflectingPlane;
+    singleSatCorrection1.combinedExcessPathLengthMeters = 203.5;
+    singleSatCorrection1.combinedExcessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters = 59.1;
+    singleSatCorrection1.combinedAttenuationDb = -4.3;
+    singleSatCorrection1.excessPathInfos.push_back(
+            createExcessPathInfo(137.4, 25.5, &reflectingPlane, -3.5));
+    singleSatCorrection1.excessPathInfos.push_back(
+            createExcessPathInfo(296.3, 87.2, &reflectingPlane, -5.1));
 
     SingleSatCorrectionAidl singleSatCorrection2;
     singleSatCorrection2.singleSatCorrectionFlags =
             SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_SAT_IS_LOS_PROBABILITY |
-            SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH |
-            SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH_UNC;
+            SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_COMBINED_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH |
+            SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_COMBINED_EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH_UNC |
+            SingleSatCorrectionAidl::SINGLE_SAT_CORRECTION_HAS_COMBINED_ATTENUATION;
     singleSatCorrection2.constellation = GnssConstellationType::GPS;
     singleSatCorrection2.svid = 9;
     singleSatCorrection2.carrierFrequencyHz = 1.59975e+09;
     singleSatCorrection2.probSatIsLos = 0.873;
-    singleSatCorrection2.excessPathLengthMeters = 26.294;
-    singleSatCorrection2.excessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters = 10.0;
+    singleSatCorrection2.combinedExcessPathLengthMeters = 26.294;
+    singleSatCorrection2.combinedExcessPathLengthUncertaintyMeters = 10.0;
+    singleSatCorrection2.combinedAttenuationDb = -0.5;
+    singleSatCorrection2.excessPathInfos.push_back(
+            createExcessPathInfo(26.294, 10.0, nullptr, -0.5));
 
     std::vector<SingleSatCorrectionAidl> singleSatCorrections = {singleSatCorrection1,
                                                                  singleSatCorrection2};
diff --git a/graphics/bufferqueue/1.0/Android.bp b/graphics/bufferqueue/1.0/Android.bp
index c3d38d0..11559b2 100644
--- a/graphics/bufferqueue/1.0/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/bufferqueue/1.0/Android.bp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
     gen_java: true,
     apex_available: [
         "//apex_available:platform",
+        "com.android.bluetooth",
         "com.android.media",
         "com.android.media.swcodec",
     ],
diff --git a/graphics/bufferqueue/2.0/Android.bp b/graphics/bufferqueue/2.0/Android.bp
index 33d9104..552daff 100644
--- a/graphics/bufferqueue/2.0/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/bufferqueue/2.0/Android.bp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
     gen_java: true,
     apex_available: [
         "//apex_available:platform",
+        "com.android.bluetooth",
         "com.android.media",
         "com.android.media.swcodec",
     ],
diff --git a/graphics/common/1.0/Android.bp b/graphics/common/1.0/Android.bp
index ac158d9..19c51cd 100644
--- a/graphics/common/1.0/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/common/1.0/Android.bp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
     gen_java_constants: true,
     apex_available: [
         "//apex_available:platform",
+        "com.android.bluetooth",
         "com.android.media.swcodec",
         "test_com.android.media.swcodec",
     ],
diff --git a/graphics/common/1.1/Android.bp b/graphics/common/1.1/Android.bp
index e45d6dd..0f1b5bf 100644
--- a/graphics/common/1.1/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/common/1.1/Android.bp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
     gen_java_constants: true,
     apex_available: [
         "//apex_available:platform",
+        "com.android.bluetooth",
         "com.android.media.swcodec",
         "test_com.android.media.swcodec",
     ],
diff --git a/graphics/common/1.2/Android.bp b/graphics/common/1.2/Android.bp
index c23085d..ce3350d 100644
--- a/graphics/common/1.2/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/common/1.2/Android.bp
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
     gen_java_constants: true,
     apex_available: [
         "//apex_available:platform",
+        "com.android.bluetooth",
         "com.android.media.swcodec",
         "test_com.android.media.swcodec",
     ],
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.composer3/current/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/Capability.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.composer3/current/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/Capability.aidl
index 9c49583..b89f7d5 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.composer3/current/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/Capability.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.composer3/current/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/Capability.aidl
@@ -39,4 +39,5 @@
   SKIP_CLIENT_COLOR_TRANSFORM = 2,
   PRESENT_FENCE_IS_NOT_RELIABLE = 3,
   SKIP_VALIDATE = 4,
+  BOOT_DISPLAY_CONFIG = 5,
 }
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/Capability.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/Capability.aidl
index ea619ae..2f9eab9 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/Capability.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/Capability.aidl
@@ -57,4 +57,13 @@
      * validateDisplay step is needed.
      */
     SKIP_VALIDATE = 4,
+
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the device supports setting a display configuration that
+     * the device should boot at.
+     * @see IComposerClient.setBootDisplayConfig
+     * @see IComposerClient.clearBootDisplayConfig
+     * @see IComposerClient.getPreferredBootDisplayConfig
+     */
+    BOOT_DISPLAY_CONFIG = 5,
 }
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DimmingStage.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DimmingStage.aidl
index f732d41..23d5f4a 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DimmingStage.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DimmingStage.aidl
@@ -29,7 +29,12 @@
      */
     LINEAR = 1,
     /**
-     * Dimming operations must be applied in gamma space, after OETF has been applied
+     * Dimming operations must be applied in gamma space, after OETF has been applied.
+     * Note that for this dimming operation to be perceptually correct it must also be gamma
+     * corrected. The framework will assume that it is able to use the gamma 2.2
+     * power function for gamma correcting the dimming matrix, for simplicity of
+     * implementation and the fact that gamma 2.2 is close enough to typical SDR
+     * transfer functions that would be used for the client target.
      */
     GAMMA_OETF = 2,
 }
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.aidl
index 769f803..a4ea64f 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.aidl
@@ -590,6 +590,7 @@
      *
      * @exception EX_BAD_DISPLAY when an invalid display handle was passed in.
      * @exception EX_BAD_CONFIG when an invalid config id was passed in.
+     * @exception EX_UNSUPPORTED when not supported by the underlying HAL
      *
      * @see getDisplayConfigs
      * @see clearBootDisplayConfig
@@ -605,6 +606,7 @@
      * @param display is the display for which the cached boot config is cleared.
      *
      * @exception EX_BAD_DISPLAY when an invalid display handle was passed in.
+     * @exception EX_UNSUPPORTED when not supported by the underlying HAL
      *
      * @see getDisplayConfigs
      * @see setBootDisplayConfig
@@ -622,6 +624,7 @@
      * @return the implementation's preferred display config.
      *
      * @exception EX_BAD_DISPLAY when an invalid display handle was passed in.
+     * @exception EX_UNSUPPORTED when not supported by the underlying HAL
      *
      * @see getDisplayConfigs
      * @see setBootDisplayConfig
@@ -798,7 +801,7 @@
      * idle period.
      *
      * This function should only be called if the display reports support for
-     * DisplayCapability.DISPLAY_IDLE from getDisplayCapabilities.
+     * DisplayCapability.DISPLAY_IDLE_TIMER from getDisplayCapabilities.
      *
      * @param display is the display to which the idle timer is set.
      * @param timeoutMs is the minimum requirements of idle period in milliseconds. Panel
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp
index f75af85..147a9ee 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp
@@ -214,15 +214,16 @@
         mWriter.reset();
     }
 
-    std::pair<ScopedAStatus, bool> getHasReadbackBuffer() {
+    bool getHasReadbackBuffer() {
         auto [status, readBackBufferAttributes] =
                 mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(getPrimaryDisplayId());
         if (status.isOk()) {
             mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
             mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
-            return {std::move(status), ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace)};
+            return ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         }
-        return {std::move(status), false};
+        EXPECT_EQ(IComposerClient::EX_UNSUPPORTED, status.getServiceSpecificError());
+        return false;
     }
 
     std::shared_ptr<VtsComposerClient> mComposerClient;
@@ -264,8 +265,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -316,8 +317,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -376,8 +377,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -425,8 +426,8 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetReadbackBuffer) {
-    const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+    bool isSupported;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
     if (!isSupported) {
         GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
         return;
@@ -439,8 +440,8 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetReadbackBuffer_BadDisplay) {
-    const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+    bool isSupported;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
     if (!isSupported) {
         GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
         return;
@@ -461,8 +462,8 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetReadbackBuffer_BadParameter) {
-    const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+    bool isSupported;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
     if (!isSupported) {
         GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
         return;
@@ -478,8 +479,8 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, GetReadbackBufferFenceInactive) {
-    const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-    EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+    bool isSupported;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
     if (!isSupported) {
         GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
         return;
@@ -503,8 +504,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -594,8 +595,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -693,8 +694,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -768,8 +769,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -819,8 +820,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -878,8 +879,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -982,8 +983,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace for "
                                "color mode: "
@@ -1050,7 +1051,10 @@
         SetUpBase(std::get<0>(GetParam()));
         // TODO(b/219590743) we should remove the below SRGB color mode
         // once we have the BlendMode test fix for all the versions of the ColorMode
-        mTestColorModes = {ColorMode::SRGB};
+        mTestColorModes.erase(
+                std::remove_if(mTestColorModes.begin(), mTestColorModes.end(),
+                               [](ColorMode mode) { return mode != ColorMode::SRGB; }),
+                mTestColorModes.end());
         mBackgroundColor = BLACK;
         mTopLayerColor = RED;
     }
@@ -1135,8 +1139,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -1179,8 +1183,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -1220,8 +1224,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -1303,8 +1307,8 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -1348,8 +1352,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
@@ -1393,8 +1397,8 @@
                             ->setColorMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
                             .isOk());
 
-        const auto& [readbackStatus, isSupported] = getHasReadbackBuffer();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(readbackStatus.isOk());
+        bool isSupported;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(isSupported = getHasReadbackBuffer());
         if (!isSupported) {
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp
index 68ec7e8..2d08ac6 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp
@@ -495,6 +495,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlTest, SetBootDisplayConfig_BadDisplay) {
+    if (!hasCapability(Capability::BOOT_DISPLAY_CONFIG)) {
+        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Boot Display Config not supported";
+        return;
+    }
     const auto& status = mComposerClient->setBootDisplayConfig(getInvalidDisplayId(), /*config*/ 0);
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(status.isOk());
@@ -502,6 +506,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlTest, SetBootDisplayConfig_BadConfig) {
+    if (!hasCapability(Capability::BOOT_DISPLAY_CONFIG)) {
+        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Boot Display Config not supported";
+        return;
+    }
     for (VtsDisplay& display : mDisplays) {
         int32_t constexpr kInvalidConfigId = IComposerClient::INVALID_CONFIGURATION;
         const auto& status =
@@ -513,6 +521,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlTest, SetBootDisplayConfig) {
+    if (!hasCapability(Capability::BOOT_DISPLAY_CONFIG)) {
+        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Boot Display Config not supported";
+        return;
+    }
     const auto& [status, configs] = mComposerClient->getDisplayConfigs(getPrimaryDisplayId());
     EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk());
     for (const auto& config : configs) {
@@ -521,6 +533,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlTest, ClearBootDisplayConfig_BadDisplay) {
+    if (!hasCapability(Capability::BOOT_DISPLAY_CONFIG)) {
+        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Boot Display Config not supported";
+        return;
+    }
     const auto& status = mComposerClient->clearBootDisplayConfig(getInvalidDisplayId());
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(status.isOk());
@@ -528,10 +544,18 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlTest, ClearBootDisplayConfig) {
+    if (!hasCapability(Capability::BOOT_DISPLAY_CONFIG)) {
+        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Boot Display Config not supported";
+        return;
+    }
     EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient->clearBootDisplayConfig(getPrimaryDisplayId()).isOk());
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlTest, GetPreferredBootDisplayConfig_BadDisplay) {
+    if (!hasCapability(Capability::BOOT_DISPLAY_CONFIG)) {
+        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Boot Display Config not supported";
+        return;
+    }
     const auto& [status, _] = mComposerClient->getPreferredBootDisplayConfig(getInvalidDisplayId());
 
     EXPECT_FALSE(status.isOk());
@@ -539,6 +563,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlTest, GetPreferredBootDisplayConfig) {
+    if (!hasCapability(Capability::BOOT_DISPLAY_CONFIG)) {
+        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Boot Display Config not supported";
+        return;
+    }
     const auto& [status, preferredDisplayConfig] =
             mComposerClient->getPreferredBootDisplayConfig(getPrimaryDisplayId());
     EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk());
@@ -549,6 +577,26 @@
     EXPECT_NE(configs.end(), std::find(configs.begin(), configs.end(), preferredDisplayConfig));
 }
 
+TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlTest, BootDisplayConfig_Unsupported) {
+    if (!hasCapability(Capability::BOOT_DISPLAY_CONFIG)) {
+        const auto& [configStatus, config] =
+                mComposerClient->getActiveConfig(getPrimaryDisplayId());
+        EXPECT_TRUE(configStatus.isOk());
+
+        auto status = mComposerClient->setBootDisplayConfig(getPrimaryDisplayId(), config);
+        EXPECT_FALSE(status.isOk());
+        EXPECT_EQ(IComposerClient::EX_UNSUPPORTED, status.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+        status = mComposerClient->getPreferredBootDisplayConfig(getPrimaryDisplayId()).first;
+        EXPECT_FALSE(status.isOk());
+        EXPECT_EQ(IComposerClient::EX_UNSUPPORTED, status.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+        status = mComposerClient->clearBootDisplayConfig(getPrimaryDisplayId());
+        EXPECT_FALSE(status.isOk());
+        EXPECT_EQ(IComposerClient::EX_UNSUPPORTED, status.getServiceSpecificError());
+    }
+}
+
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlTest, SetAutoLowLatencyMode_BadDisplay) {
     auto status = mComposerClient->setAutoLowLatencyMode(getInvalidDisplayId(), /*isEnabled*/ true);
     EXPECT_FALSE(status.isOk());
@@ -1656,11 +1704,6 @@
             const auto errors = mReader.takeErrors();
             ASSERT_EQ(1, errors.size());
             EXPECT_EQ(IComposerClient::EX_UNSUPPORTED, errors[0].errorCode);
-
-            const auto changedTypes = mReader.takeChangedCompositionTypes(display.getDisplayId());
-            ASSERT_EQ(1u, changedTypes.size());
-            const auto changedType = changedTypes[0].composition;
-            EXPECT_TRUE(changedType == Composition::DEVICE || changedType == Composition::CLIENT);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/health/aidl/default/Health.cpp b/health/aidl/default/Health.cpp
index e1d1982..d41d01a 100644
--- a/health/aidl/default/Health.cpp
+++ b/health/aidl/default/Health.cpp
@@ -130,12 +130,7 @@
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Health::getHealthInfo(HealthInfo* out) {
     battery_monitor_.updateValues();
 
-    // TODO(b/177269435): BatteryMonitor should store AIDL HealthInfo instead.
-    auto health_info_2_1 = battery_monitor_.getHealthInfo_2_1();
-    if (!::android::h2a::translate(health_info_2_1, out)) {
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
-                IHealth::STATUS_UNKNOWN, "Cannot translate HIDL HealthInfo to AIDL");
-    }
+    *out = battery_monitor_.getHealthInfo();
 
     // Fill in storage infos; these aren't retrieved by BatteryMonitor.
     if (auto res = getStorageInfo(&out->storageInfos); !res.isOk()) {
diff --git a/keymaster/3.0/vts/OWNERS b/keymaster/3.0/vts/OWNERS
index 376c12b..846bb84 100644
--- a/keymaster/3.0/vts/OWNERS
+++ b/keymaster/3.0/vts/OWNERS
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+drysdale@google.com
 jdanis@google.com
 swillden@google.com
 yim@google.com
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/OWNERS b/keymaster/4.0/vts/OWNERS
index abfb2e0..0d6fa6c 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/OWNERS
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/OWNERS
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+drysdale@google.com
 jbires@google.com
 jdanis@google.com
 swillden@google.com
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.cpp
index d0ad433..315a4bd 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.cpp
@@ -443,6 +443,101 @@
         AuthorizationSetBuilder().Digest(digest).Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, mac_length));
 }
 
+void KeymasterHidlTest::CheckAesIncrementalEncryptOperation(BlockMode block_mode,
+                                                            int message_size) {
+    auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                           .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                           .AesEncryptionKey(128)
+                           .BlockMode(block_mode)
+                           .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE);
+    if (block_mode == BlockMode::GCM) {
+        builder.Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128);
+    }
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(builder));
+
+    for (int increment = 1; increment <= message_size; ++increment) {
+        string message(message_size, 'a');
+        auto params = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                              .BlockMode(block_mode)
+                              .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
+                              .Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, 128) /* for GCM */;
+
+        AuthorizationSet output_params;
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, params, &output_params));
+
+        string ciphertext;
+        size_t input_consumed;
+        string to_send;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < message.size(); i += increment) {
+            to_send.append(message.substr(i, increment));
+            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Update(to_send, &ciphertext, &input_consumed));
+            EXPECT_EQ(to_send.length(), input_consumed);
+            to_send = to_send.substr(input_consumed);
+            EXPECT_EQ(0U, to_send.length());
+
+            switch (block_mode) {
+                case BlockMode::ECB:
+                case BlockMode::CBC:
+                    // Implementations must take as many blocks as possible, leaving less than
+                    // a block.
+                    EXPECT_LE(to_send.length(), 16U);
+                    break;
+                case BlockMode::GCM:
+                case BlockMode::CTR:
+                    // Implementations must always take all the data.
+                    EXPECT_EQ(0U, to_send.length());
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Finish(to_send, &ciphertext)) << "Error sending " << to_send;
+
+        switch (block_mode) {
+            case BlockMode::GCM:
+                EXPECT_EQ(message.size() + 16, ciphertext.size());
+                break;
+            case BlockMode::CTR:
+                EXPECT_EQ(message.size(), ciphertext.size());
+                break;
+            case BlockMode::CBC:
+            case BlockMode::ECB:
+                EXPECT_EQ(message.size() + message.size() % 16, ciphertext.size());
+                break;
+        }
+
+        auto iv = output_params.GetTagValue(TAG_NONCE);
+        switch (block_mode) {
+            case BlockMode::CBC:
+            case BlockMode::GCM:
+            case BlockMode::CTR:
+                ASSERT_TRUE(iv.isOk()) << "No IV for block mode " << block_mode;
+                EXPECT_EQ(block_mode == BlockMode::GCM ? 12U : 16U, iv.value().size());
+                params.push_back(TAG_NONCE, iv.value());
+                break;
+
+            case BlockMode::ECB:
+                EXPECT_FALSE(iv.isOk()) << "ECB mode should not generate IV";
+                break;
+        }
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::DECRYPT, params))
+                << "Decrypt begin() failed for block mode " << block_mode;
+
+        string plaintext;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < ciphertext.size(); i += increment) {
+            to_send.append(ciphertext.substr(i, increment));
+            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Update(to_send, &plaintext, &input_consumed));
+            to_send = to_send.substr(input_consumed);
+        }
+        ErrorCode error = Finish(to_send, &plaintext);
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, error) << "Decryption failed for block mode " << block_mode
+                                        << " and increment " << increment;
+        if (error == ErrorCode::OK) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(message, plaintext) << "Decryption didn't match for block mode " << block_mode
+                                          << " and increment " << increment;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 void KeymasterHidlTest::CheckHmacTestVector(const string& key, const string& message, Digest digest,
                                             const string& expected_mac) {
     SCOPED_TRACE("CheckHmacTestVector");
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.h b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.h
index 2ca7ea7..ad30aa7 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.h
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.h
@@ -166,6 +166,8 @@
 
     string MacMessage(const string& message, Digest digest, size_t mac_length);
 
+    void CheckAesIncrementalEncryptOperation(BlockMode block_mode, int message_size);
+
     void CheckHmacTestVector(const string& key, const string& message, Digest digest,
                              const string& expected_mac);
 
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index 6412f3a..22aa0f9 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -2932,105 +2932,39 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * EncryptionOperationsTest.AesIncremental
+ * EncryptionOperationsTest.AesEcbIncremental
  *
- * Verifies that AES works, all modes, when provided data in various size increments.
+ * Verifies that AES works for ECB block mode, when provided data in various size increments.
  */
-TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesIncremental) {
-    auto block_modes = {
-        BlockMode::ECB, BlockMode::CBC, BlockMode::CTR, BlockMode::GCM,
-    };
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbIncremental) {
+    CheckAesIncrementalEncryptOperation(BlockMode::ECB, 240);
+}
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                             .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                             .AesEncryptionKey(128)
-                                             .BlockMode(block_modes)
-                                             .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
-                                             .Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)));
+/*
+ * EncryptionOperationsTest.AesCbcIncremental
+ *
+ * Verifies that AES works for CBC block mode, when provided data in various size increments.
+ */
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCbcIncremental) {
+    CheckAesIncrementalEncryptOperation(BlockMode::CBC, 240);
+}
 
-    for (int increment = 1; increment <= 240; ++increment) {
-        for (auto block_mode : block_modes) {
-            string message(240, 'a');
-            auto params = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                              .BlockMode(block_mode)
-                              .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
-                              .Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, 128) /* for GCM */;
+/*
+ * EncryptionOperationsTest.AesCtrIncremental
+ *
+ * Verifies that AES works for CTR block mode, when provided data in various size increments.
+ */
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrIncremental) {
+    CheckAesIncrementalEncryptOperation(BlockMode::CTR, 240);
+}
 
-            AuthorizationSet output_params;
-            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, params, &output_params));
-
-            string ciphertext;
-            size_t input_consumed;
-            string to_send;
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < message.size(); i += increment) {
-                to_send.append(message.substr(i, increment));
-                EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Update(to_send, &ciphertext, &input_consumed));
-                EXPECT_EQ(to_send.length(), input_consumed);
-                to_send = to_send.substr(input_consumed);
-                EXPECT_EQ(0U, to_send.length());
-
-                switch (block_mode) {
-                    case BlockMode::ECB:
-                    case BlockMode::CBC:
-                        // Implementations must take as many blocks as possible, leaving less than
-                        // a block.
-                        EXPECT_LE(to_send.length(), 16U);
-                        break;
-                    case BlockMode::GCM:
-                    case BlockMode::CTR:
-                        // Implementations must always take all the data.
-                        EXPECT_EQ(0U, to_send.length());
-                        break;
-                }
-            }
-            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Finish(to_send, &ciphertext)) << "Error sending " << to_send;
-
-            switch (block_mode) {
-                case BlockMode::GCM:
-                    EXPECT_EQ(message.size() + 16, ciphertext.size());
-                    break;
-                case BlockMode::CTR:
-                    EXPECT_EQ(message.size(), ciphertext.size());
-                    break;
-                case BlockMode::CBC:
-                case BlockMode::ECB:
-                    EXPECT_EQ(message.size() + message.size() % 16, ciphertext.size());
-                    break;
-            }
-
-            auto iv = output_params.GetTagValue(TAG_NONCE);
-            switch (block_mode) {
-                case BlockMode::CBC:
-                case BlockMode::GCM:
-                case BlockMode::CTR:
-                    ASSERT_TRUE(iv.isOk()) << "No IV for block mode " << block_mode;
-                    EXPECT_EQ(block_mode == BlockMode::GCM ? 12U : 16U, iv.value().size());
-                    params.push_back(TAG_NONCE, iv.value());
-                    break;
-
-                case BlockMode::ECB:
-                    EXPECT_FALSE(iv.isOk()) << "ECB mode should not generate IV";
-                    break;
-            }
-
-            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::DECRYPT, params))
-                << "Decrypt begin() failed for block mode " << block_mode;
-
-            string plaintext;
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < ciphertext.size(); i += increment) {
-                to_send.append(ciphertext.substr(i, increment));
-                EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Update(to_send, &plaintext, &input_consumed));
-                to_send = to_send.substr(input_consumed);
-            }
-            ErrorCode error = Finish(to_send, &plaintext);
-            ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, error) << "Decryption failed for block mode " << block_mode
-                                            << " and increment " << increment;
-            if (error == ErrorCode::OK) {
-                ASSERT_EQ(message, plaintext) << "Decryption didn't match for block mode "
-                                              << block_mode << " and increment " << increment;
-            }
-        }
-    }
+/*
+ * EncryptionOperationsTest.AesGcmIncremental
+ *
+ * Verifies that AES works for GCM block mode, when provided data in various size increments.
+ */
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmIncremental) {
+    CheckAesIncrementalEncryptOperation(BlockMode::GCM, 240);
 }
 
 struct AesCtrSp80038aTestVector {
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/vts/OWNERS b/keymaster/4.1/vts/OWNERS
index 2b2ad2a..24ed042 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.1/vts/OWNERS
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/vts/OWNERS
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+drysdale@google.com
 jbires@google.com
 jdanis@google.com
 swillden@google.com
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/store/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetStoreTest.cpp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/store/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetStoreTest.cpp
index 8699de3..d9a6363 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/store/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetStoreTest.cpp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/store/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetStoreTest.cpp
@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@
 #endif
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <android/api-level.h>
 
 #include <android/hardware/media/omx/1.0/IOmx.h>
 #include <android/hardware/media/omx/1.0/IOmxNode.h>
@@ -371,6 +373,31 @@
     }
 }
 
+static int getFirstApiLevel() {
+    return android::base::GetIntProperty("ro.product.first_api_level", __ANDROID_API_T__);
+}
+
+// list components and roles.
+TEST_P(StoreHidlTest, OmxCodecAllowedTest) {
+    hidl_vec<IOmx::ComponentInfo> componentInfos = getComponentInfoList(omx);
+    for (IOmx::ComponentInfo info : componentInfos) {
+        for (std::string role : info.mRoles) {
+            if (role.find("video_decoder") != std::string::npos ||
+                role.find("video_encoder") != std::string::npos) {
+                ASSERT_LT(getFirstApiLevel(), __ANDROID_API_S__)
+                        << " Component: " << info.mName.c_str() << " Role: " << role.c_str()
+                        << " not allowed for devices launching with Android S and above";
+            }
+            if (role.find("audio_decoder") != std::string::npos ||
+                role.find("audio_encoder") != std::string::npos) {
+                ASSERT_LT(getFirstApiLevel(), __ANDROID_API_T__)
+                        << " Component: " << info.mName.c_str() << " Role: " << role.c_str()
+                        << " not allowed for devices launching with Android T and above";
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 // list components and roles.
 TEST_P(StoreHidlTest, ListNodes) {
     description("enumerate component and roles");
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/aidl/utils/include/nnapi/hal/aidl/Utils.h b/neuralnetworks/aidl/utils/include/nnapi/hal/aidl/Utils.h
index beca38b..7ed5437 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/aidl/utils/include/nnapi/hal/aidl/Utils.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/aidl/utils/include/nnapi/hal/aidl/Utils.h
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 #include <nnapi/Types.h>
 #include <nnapi/Validation.h>
 
+#include <type_traits>
+
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::neuralnetworks::utils {
 
 constexpr auto kDefaultPriority = Priority::MEDIUM;
@@ -80,6 +82,11 @@
     return convert(NN_TRY(nn::convert(nonCanonicalObject)));
 }
 
+template <typename Type>
+constexpr std::underlying_type_t<Type> underlyingType(Type value) {
+    return static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<Type>>(value);
+}
+
 nn::GeneralResult<Memory> clone(const Memory& memory);
 nn::GeneralResult<Request> clone(const Request& request);
 nn::GeneralResult<RequestMemoryPool> clone(const RequestMemoryPool& requestPool);
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/aidl/utils/src/Conversions.cpp b/neuralnetworks/aidl/utils/src/Conversions.cpp
index 83fda10..081e3d7 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/aidl/utils/src/Conversions.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/aidl/utils/src/Conversions.cpp
@@ -57,10 +57,6 @@
     while (UNLIKELY(value > std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max())) return NN_ERROR()
 
 namespace {
-template <typename Type>
-constexpr std::underlying_type_t<Type> underlyingType(Type value) {
-    return static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<Type>>(value);
-}
 
 constexpr int64_t kNoTiming = -1;
 
@@ -70,6 +66,7 @@
 namespace {
 
 using ::aidl::android::hardware::common::NativeHandle;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::neuralnetworks::utils::underlyingType;
 
 template <typename Input>
 using UnvalidatedConvertOutput =
@@ -404,7 +401,7 @@
 #endif  // __ANDROID__
         }
     }
-    return NN_ERROR() << "Unrecognized Memory::Tag: " << memory.getTag();
+    return NN_ERROR() << "Unrecognized Memory::Tag: " << underlyingType(memory.getTag());
 }
 
 GeneralResult<Timing> unvalidatedConvert(const aidl_hal::Timing& timing) {
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/aidl/utils/src/Utils.cpp b/neuralnetworks/aidl/utils/src/Utils.cpp
index 03407be..76a0b07 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/aidl/utils/src/Utils.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/aidl/utils/src/Utils.cpp
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
             return Memory::make<Memory::Tag::hardwareBuffer>(std::move(handle));
         }
     }
-    return (NN_ERROR() << "Unrecognized Memory::Tag: " << memory.getTag())
+    return (NN_ERROR() << "Unrecognized Memory::Tag: " << underlyingType(memory.getTag()))
             .
             operator nn::GeneralResult<Memory>();
 }
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
     }
     // Using explicit type conversion because std::variant inside the RequestMemoryPool confuses the
     // compiler.
-    return (NN_ERROR() << "Unrecognized request pool tag: " << requestPool.getTag())
+    return (NN_ERROR() << "Unrecognized request pool tag: " << underlyingType(requestPool.getTag()))
             .
             operator nn::GeneralResult<RequestMemoryPool>();
 }
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/aidl/include/nnapi/hal/aidl/Adapter.h b/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/aidl/include/nnapi/hal/aidl/Adapter.h
index 4c0b328..80ed41d 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/aidl/include/nnapi/hal/aidl/Adapter.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/aidl/include/nnapi/hal/aidl/Adapter.h
@@ -46,9 +46,6 @@
 /**
  * Adapt an NNAPI canonical interface object to a AIDL NN HAL interface object.
  *
- * The IPreparedModel object created from IDevice::prepareModel or IDevice::preparedModelFromCache
- * must return "const nn::Model*" from IPreparedModel::getUnderlyingResource().
- *
  * @param device NNAPI canonical IDevice interface object to be adapted.
  * @param executor Type-erased executor to handle executing tasks asynchronously.
  * @return AIDL NN HAL IDevice interface object.
@@ -58,9 +55,6 @@
 /**
  * Adapt an NNAPI canonical interface object to a AIDL NN HAL interface object.
  *
- * The IPreparedModel object created from IDevice::prepareModel or IDevice::preparedModelFromCache
- * must return "const nn::Model*" from IPreparedModel::getUnderlyingResource().
- *
  * This function uses a default executor, which will execute tasks from a detached thread.
  *
  * @param device NNAPI canonical IDevice interface object to be adapted.
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/include/nnapi/hal/Adapter.h b/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/include/nnapi/hal/Adapter.h
index 6fba4ab..3bd93e0 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/include/nnapi/hal/Adapter.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/include/nnapi/hal/Adapter.h
@@ -46,9 +46,6 @@
 /**
  * Adapt an NNAPI canonical interface object to a HIDL NN HAL interface object.
  *
- * The IPreparedModel object created from IDevice::prepareModel or IDevice::preparedModelFromCache
- * must return "const nn::Model*" from IPreparedModel::getUnderlyingResource().
- *
  * @param device NNAPI canonical IDevice interface object to be adapted.
  * @param executor Type-erased executor to handle executing tasks asynchronously.
  * @return HIDL NN HAL IDevice interface object.
@@ -58,9 +55,6 @@
 /**
  * Adapt an NNAPI canonical interface object to a HIDL NN HAL interface object.
  *
- * The IPreparedModel object created from IDevice::prepareModel or IDevice::preparedModelFromCache
- * must return "const nn::Model*" from IPreparedModel::getUnderlyingResource().
- *
  * This function uses a default executor, which will execute tasks from a detached thread.
  *
  * @param device NNAPI canonical IDevice interface object to be adapted.
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/include/nnapi/hal/PreparedModel.h b/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/include/nnapi/hal/PreparedModel.h
index 9482b0d..01cd4bc 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/include/nnapi/hal/PreparedModel.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/include/nnapi/hal/PreparedModel.h
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 // Class that adapts nn::IPreparedModel to V1_3::IPreparedModel.
 class PreparedModel final : public V1_3::IPreparedModel {
   public:
-    PreparedModel(nn::SharedPreparedModel preparedModel, Executor executor);
+    explicit PreparedModel(nn::SharedPreparedModel preparedModel);
 
     Return<V1_0::ErrorStatus> execute(const V1_0::Request& request,
                                       const sp<V1_0::IExecutionCallback>& callback) override;
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@
 
   private:
     const nn::SharedPreparedModel kPreparedModel;
-    const Executor kExecutor;
 };
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::adapter
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/src/Device.cpp b/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/src/Device.cpp
index 0f44638..305a1b4 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/src/Device.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/src/Device.cpp
@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@
 
 using PrepareModelResult = nn::GeneralResult<nn::SharedPreparedModel>;
 
-sp<PreparedModel> adaptPreparedModel(nn::SharedPreparedModel preparedModel, Executor executor) {
+sp<PreparedModel> adaptPreparedModel(nn::SharedPreparedModel preparedModel) {
     if (preparedModel == nullptr) {
         return nullptr;
     }
-    return sp<PreparedModel>::make(std::move(preparedModel), std::move(executor));
+    return sp<PreparedModel>::make(std::move(preparedModel));
 }
 
 void notify(V1_0::IPreparedModelCallback* callback, nn::ErrorStatus status,
@@ -105,14 +105,14 @@
 }
 
 template <typename CallbackType>
-void notify(CallbackType* callback, PrepareModelResult result, Executor executor) {
+void notify(CallbackType* callback, PrepareModelResult result) {
     if (!result.has_value()) {
         const auto [message, status] = std::move(result).error();
         LOG(ERROR) << message;
         notify(callback, status, nullptr);
     } else {
         auto preparedModel = std::move(result).value();
-        auto hidlPreparedModel = adaptPreparedModel(std::move(preparedModel), std::move(executor));
+        auto hidlPreparedModel = adaptPreparedModel(std::move(preparedModel));
         notify(callback, nn::ErrorStatus::NONE, std::move(hidlPreparedModel));
     }
 }
@@ -133,10 +133,10 @@
 
     auto nnModel = NN_TRY(convertInput(model));
 
-    Task task = [device, nnModel = std::move(nnModel), executor, callback] {
+    Task task = [device, nnModel = std::move(nnModel), callback] {
         auto result = device->prepareModel(nnModel, nn::ExecutionPreference::DEFAULT,
                                            nn::Priority::DEFAULT, {}, {}, {}, {}, {}, {});
-        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result), executor);
+        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result));
     };
     executor(std::move(task), {});
 
@@ -154,10 +154,10 @@
     auto nnModel = NN_TRY(convertInput(model));
     const auto nnPreference = NN_TRY(convertInput(preference));
 
-    Task task = [device, nnModel = std::move(nnModel), nnPreference, executor, callback] {
+    Task task = [device, nnModel = std::move(nnModel), nnPreference, callback] {
         auto result = device->prepareModel(nnModel, nnPreference, nn::Priority::DEFAULT, {}, {}, {},
                                            {}, {}, {});
-        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result), executor);
+        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result));
     };
     executor(std::move(task), {});
 
@@ -183,10 +183,10 @@
 
     Task task = [device, nnModel = std::move(nnModel), nnPreference,
                  nnModelCache = std::move(nnModelCache), nnDataCache = std::move(nnDataCache),
-                 nnToken, executor, callback] {
+                 nnToken, callback] {
         auto result = device->prepareModel(nnModel, nnPreference, nn::Priority::DEFAULT, {},
                                            nnModelCache, nnDataCache, nnToken, {}, {});
-        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result), executor);
+        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result));
     };
     executor(std::move(task), {});
 
@@ -213,10 +213,10 @@
 
     Task task = [device, nnModel = std::move(nnModel), nnPreference, nnPriority, nnDeadline,
                  nnModelCache = std::move(nnModelCache), nnDataCache = std::move(nnDataCache),
-                 nnToken, executor, callback] {
+                 nnToken, callback] {
         auto result = device->prepareModel(nnModel, nnPreference, nnPriority, nnDeadline,
                                            nnModelCache, nnDataCache, nnToken, {}, {});
-        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result), executor);
+        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result));
     };
     executor(std::move(task), nnDeadline);
 
@@ -238,9 +238,9 @@
     const auto nnToken = nn::CacheToken(token);
 
     Task task = [device, nnModelCache = std::move(nnModelCache),
-                 nnDataCache = std::move(nnDataCache), nnToken, executor, callback] {
+                 nnDataCache = std::move(nnDataCache), nnToken, callback] {
         auto result = device->prepareModelFromCache({}, nnModelCache, nnDataCache, nnToken);
-        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result), executor);
+        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result));
     };
     executor(std::move(task), {});
 
@@ -262,9 +262,9 @@
     const auto nnToken = nn::CacheToken(token);
 
     auto task = [device, nnDeadline, nnModelCache = std::move(nnModelCache),
-                 nnDataCache = std::move(nnDataCache), nnToken, executor, callback] {
+                 nnDataCache = std::move(nnDataCache), nnToken, callback] {
         auto result = device->prepareModelFromCache(nnDeadline, nnModelCache, nnDataCache, nnToken);
-        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result), executor);
+        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result));
     };
     executor(std::move(task), nnDeadline);
 
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/src/PreparedModel.cpp b/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/src/PreparedModel.cpp
index c6055a6..3570a74 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/src/PreparedModel.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/utils/adapter/hidl/src/PreparedModel.cpp
@@ -55,15 +55,6 @@
     return result;
 }
 
-nn::GeneralResult<nn::Version> validateRequestForModel(const nn::Request& request,
-                                                       const nn::Model& model) {
-    nn::GeneralResult<nn::Version> version = nn::validateRequestForModel(request, model);
-    if (!version.ok()) {
-        version.error().code = nn::ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT;
-    }
-    return version;
-}
-
 class FencedExecutionCallback final : public V1_3::IFencedExecutionCallback {
   public:
     explicit FencedExecutionCallback(const nn::ExecuteFencedInfoCallback& callback)
@@ -144,58 +135,48 @@
 }
 
 nn::GeneralResult<void> execute(const nn::SharedPreparedModel& preparedModel,
-                                const Executor& executor, const V1_0::Request& request,
+                                const V1_0::Request& request,
                                 const sp<V1_0::IExecutionCallback>& callback) {
     if (callback.get() == nullptr) {
         return NN_ERROR(nn::ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT) << "Invalid callback";
     }
 
-    auto nnRequest = NN_TRY(convertInput(request));
+    const auto nnRequest = NN_TRY(convertInput(request));
 
-    const std::any resource = preparedModel->getUnderlyingResource();
-    if (const auto* model = std::any_cast<const nn::Model*>(&resource)) {
-        CHECK(*model != nullptr);
-        NN_TRY(adapter::validateRequestForModel(nnRequest, **model));
+    auto result = preparedModel->execute(nnRequest, nn::MeasureTiming::NO, {}, {}, {}, {});
+
+    if (!result.ok() && result.error().code == nn::ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT) {
+        const auto& [message, code, outputShapes] = result.error();
+        return nn::error(code) << message;
     }
 
-    Task task = [preparedModel, nnRequest = std::move(nnRequest), callback] {
-        auto result = preparedModel->execute(nnRequest, nn::MeasureTiming::NO, {}, {}, {}, {});
-        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result));
-    };
-    executor(std::move(task), {});
-
+    notify(callback.get(), std::move(result));
     return {};
 }
 
 nn::GeneralResult<void> execute_1_2(const nn::SharedPreparedModel& preparedModel,
-                                    const Executor& executor, const V1_0::Request& request,
-                                    V1_2::MeasureTiming measure,
+                                    const V1_0::Request& request, V1_2::MeasureTiming measure,
                                     const sp<V1_2::IExecutionCallback>& callback) {
     if (callback.get() == nullptr) {
         return NN_ERROR(nn::ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT) << "Invalid callback";
     }
 
-    auto nnRequest = NN_TRY(convertInput(request));
+    const auto nnRequest = NN_TRY(convertInput(request));
     const auto nnMeasure = NN_TRY(convertInput(measure));
 
-    const std::any resource = preparedModel->getUnderlyingResource();
-    if (const auto* model = std::any_cast<const nn::Model*>(&resource)) {
-        CHECK(*model != nullptr);
-        NN_TRY(adapter::validateRequestForModel(nnRequest, **model));
+    auto result = preparedModel->execute(nnRequest, nnMeasure, {}, {}, {}, {});
+
+    if (!result.ok() && result.error().code == nn::ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT) {
+        const auto& [message, code, outputShapes] = result.error();
+        return nn::error(code) << message;
     }
 
-    Task task = [preparedModel, nnRequest = std::move(nnRequest), nnMeasure, callback] {
-        auto result = preparedModel->execute(nnRequest, nnMeasure, {}, {}, {}, {});
-        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result));
-    };
-    executor(std::move(task), {});
-
+    notify(callback.get(), std::move(result));
     return {};
 }
 
 nn::GeneralResult<void> execute_1_3(const nn::SharedPreparedModel& preparedModel,
-                                    const Executor& executor, const V1_3::Request& request,
-                                    V1_2::MeasureTiming measure,
+                                    const V1_3::Request& request, V1_2::MeasureTiming measure,
                                     const V1_3::OptionalTimePoint& deadline,
                                     const V1_3::OptionalTimeoutDuration& loopTimeoutDuration,
                                     const sp<V1_3::IExecutionCallback>& callback) {
@@ -203,25 +184,20 @@
         return NN_ERROR(nn::ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT) << "Invalid callback";
     }
 
-    auto nnRequest = NN_TRY(convertInput(request));
+    const auto nnRequest = NN_TRY(convertInput(request));
     const auto nnMeasure = NN_TRY(convertInput(measure));
     const auto nnDeadline = NN_TRY(convertInput(deadline));
     const auto nnLoopTimeoutDuration = NN_TRY(convertInput(loopTimeoutDuration));
 
-    const std::any resource = preparedModel->getUnderlyingResource();
-    if (const auto* model = std::any_cast<const nn::Model*>(&resource)) {
-        CHECK(*model != nullptr);
-        NN_TRY(adapter::validateRequestForModel(nnRequest, **model));
+    auto result =
+            preparedModel->execute(nnRequest, nnMeasure, nnDeadline, nnLoopTimeoutDuration, {}, {});
+
+    if (!result.ok() && result.error().code == nn::ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT) {
+        const auto& [message, code, outputShapes] = result.error();
+        return nn::error(code) << message;
     }
 
-    Task task = [preparedModel, nnRequest = std::move(nnRequest), nnMeasure, nnDeadline,
-                 nnLoopTimeoutDuration, callback] {
-        auto result = preparedModel->execute(nnRequest, nnMeasure, nnDeadline,
-                                             nnLoopTimeoutDuration, {}, {});
-        notify(callback.get(), std::move(result));
-    };
-    executor(std::move(task), nnDeadline);
-
+    notify(callback.get(), std::move(result));
     return {};
 }
 
@@ -304,10 +280,9 @@
 
 }  // namespace
 
-PreparedModel::PreparedModel(nn::SharedPreparedModel preparedModel, Executor executor)
-    : kPreparedModel(std::move(preparedModel)), kExecutor(std::move(executor)) {
+PreparedModel::PreparedModel(nn::SharedPreparedModel preparedModel)
+    : kPreparedModel(std::move(preparedModel)) {
     CHECK(kPreparedModel != nullptr);
-    CHECK(kExecutor != nullptr);
 }
 
 nn::SharedPreparedModel PreparedModel::getUnderlyingPreparedModel() const {
@@ -316,7 +291,7 @@
 
 Return<V1_0::ErrorStatus> PreparedModel::execute(const V1_0::Request& request,
                                                  const sp<V1_0::IExecutionCallback>& callback) {
-    auto result = adapter::execute(kPreparedModel, kExecutor, request, callback);
+    auto result = adapter::execute(kPreparedModel, request, callback);
     if (!result.has_value()) {
         auto [message, code] = std::move(result).error();
         LOG(ERROR) << "adapter::PreparedModel::execute failed with " << code << ": " << message;
@@ -329,7 +304,7 @@
 Return<V1_0::ErrorStatus> PreparedModel::execute_1_2(const V1_0::Request& request,
                                                      V1_2::MeasureTiming measure,
                                                      const sp<V1_2::IExecutionCallback>& callback) {
-    auto result = adapter::execute_1_2(kPreparedModel, kExecutor, request, measure, callback);
+    auto result = adapter::execute_1_2(kPreparedModel, request, measure, callback);
     if (!result.has_value()) {
         auto [message, code] = std::move(result).error();
         LOG(ERROR) << "adapter::PreparedModel::execute_1_2 failed with " << code << ": " << message;
@@ -344,7 +319,7 @@
         const V1_3::OptionalTimePoint& deadline,
         const V1_3::OptionalTimeoutDuration& loopTimeoutDuration,
         const sp<V1_3::IExecutionCallback>& callback) {
-    auto result = adapter::execute_1_3(kPreparedModel, kExecutor, request, measure, deadline,
+    auto result = adapter::execute_1_3(kPreparedModel, request, measure, deadline,
                                        loopTimeoutDuration, callback);
     if (!result.has_value()) {
         auto [message, code] = std::move(result).error();
@@ -405,8 +380,8 @@
         cb(V1_2::utils::convert(code).value(), nullptr);
         return Void();
     }
-    auto burstContext = std::move(result).value();
-    cb(V1_0::ErrorStatus::NONE, std::move(burstContext));
+    const auto burstContext = std::move(result).value();
+    cb(V1_0::ErrorStatus::NONE, burstContext);
     return Void();
 }
 
diff --git a/radio/1.6/Android.bp b/radio/1.6/Android.bp
index 4b79c0a..2137e8d 100644
--- a/radio/1.6/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.6/Android.bp
@@ -29,4 +29,5 @@
         "android.hidl.safe_union@1.0",
     ],
     gen_java: true,
+    system_ext_specific: true,
 }
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/PhoneCapability.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/PhoneCapability.aidl
index c60200c..db3a4c6 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/PhoneCapability.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/PhoneCapability.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.config;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable PhoneCapability {
   byte maxActiveData;
   byte maxActiveInternetData;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/SimPortInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/SimPortInfo.aidl
index 5cc9017..b5d31ad 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/SimPortInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/SimPortInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.config;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SimPortInfo {
   String iccId;
   int logicalSlotId;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/SimSlotStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/SimSlotStatus.aidl
index bc7f63c..be4c080 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/SimSlotStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/SimSlotStatus.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.config;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SimSlotStatus {
   int cardState;
   String atr;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/SlotPortMapping.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/SlotPortMapping.aidl
index f38c421..31271ee 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/SlotPortMapping.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.config/current/android/hardware/radio/config/SlotPortMapping.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.config;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SlotPortMapping {
   int physicalSlotId;
   int portId;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnAuthType.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnAuthType.aidl
index 929cfe3..86272c2 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnAuthType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnAuthType.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum ApnAuthType {
   NO_PAP_NO_CHAP = 0,
   PAP_NO_CHAP = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnTypes.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnTypes.aidl
index 980b042..1518a57 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnTypes.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnTypes.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum ApnTypes {
   NONE = 0,
   DEFAULT = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataCallFailCause.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataCallFailCause.aidl
index 6130e71..d7d6983 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataCallFailCause.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataCallFailCause.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum DataCallFailCause {
   NONE = 0,
   OPERATOR_BARRED = 8,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataProfileInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataProfileInfo.aidl
index 02bbf21..16fada1 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataProfileInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataProfileInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable DataProfileInfo {
   int profileId;
   String apn;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataRequestReason.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataRequestReason.aidl
index c94fa6f..0ddaff1 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataRequestReason.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataRequestReason.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum DataRequestReason {
   NORMAL = 1,
   SHUTDOWN = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataThrottlingAction.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataThrottlingAction.aidl
index c0ade45..4f976cd 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataThrottlingAction.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/DataThrottlingAction.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@Backing(type="byte") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="byte") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum DataThrottlingAction {
   NO_DATA_THROTTLING = 0,
   THROTTLE_SECONDARY_CARRIER = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/EpsQos.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/EpsQos.aidl
index 3636731..5b9aaa0 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/EpsQos.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/EpsQos.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable EpsQos {
   int qci;
   android.hardware.radio.data.QosBandwidth downlink;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveRequest.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveRequest.aidl
index 788adfb..592a54a 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveRequest.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveRequest.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable KeepaliveRequest {
   int type;
   byte[] sourceAddress;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveStatus.aidl
index 4729b8e..82b0fc8 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveStatus.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable KeepaliveStatus {
   int sessionHandle;
   int code;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/LinkAddress.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/LinkAddress.aidl
index 9aee44c..48e646e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/LinkAddress.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/LinkAddress.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable LinkAddress {
   String address;
   int addressProperties;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/NrQos.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/NrQos.aidl
index a8a1696..62f6204 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/NrQos.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/NrQos.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable NrQos {
   int fiveQi;
   android.hardware.radio.data.QosBandwidth downlink;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/OsAppId.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/OsAppId.aidl
index 205b1e9..8595d52 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/OsAppId.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/OsAppId.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable OsAppId {
   byte[] osAppId;
 }
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/PcoDataInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/PcoDataInfo.aidl
index edfa759..033b12f 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/PcoDataInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/PcoDataInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable PcoDataInfo {
   int cid;
   String bearerProto;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/PdpProtocolType.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/PdpProtocolType.aidl
index 363cdf3..9771e5c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/PdpProtocolType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/PdpProtocolType.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum PdpProtocolType {
   UNKNOWN = -1,
   IP = 0,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/PortRange.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/PortRange.aidl
index f3749ed..470a9c1 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/PortRange.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/PortRange.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable PortRange {
   int start;
   int end;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/Qos.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/Qos.aidl
index 1981721..ca06e41 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/Qos.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/Qos.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 union Qos {
   boolean noinit;
   android.hardware.radio.data.EpsQos eps;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosBandwidth.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosBandwidth.aidl
index d7ebe10..6d4b7a9 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosBandwidth.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosBandwidth.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable QosBandwidth {
   int maxBitrateKbps;
   int guaranteedBitrateKbps;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilter.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilter.aidl
index b9098f7..e22b359 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilter.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilter.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable QosFilter {
   String[] localAddresses;
   String[] remoteAddresses;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpsecSpi.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpsecSpi.aidl
index 565e499..4b75340 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpsecSpi.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpsecSpi.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 union QosFilterIpsecSpi {
   boolean noinit;
   int value;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpv6FlowLabel.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpv6FlowLabel.aidl
index 16117b2..3fb34ea 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpv6FlowLabel.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpv6FlowLabel.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 union QosFilterIpv6FlowLabel {
   boolean noinit;
   int value;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterTypeOfService.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterTypeOfService.aidl
index 95fda16..fa85b5a 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterTypeOfService.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterTypeOfService.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 union QosFilterTypeOfService {
   boolean noinit;
   byte value;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosSession.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosSession.aidl
index 53dcef0..bbfdd2d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosSession.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/QosSession.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable QosSession {
   int qosSessionId;
   android.hardware.radio.data.Qos qos;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/RouteSelectionDescriptor.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/RouteSelectionDescriptor.aidl
index 02596a1..434ee7d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/RouteSelectionDescriptor.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/RouteSelectionDescriptor.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable RouteSelectionDescriptor {
   byte precedence;
   android.hardware.radio.data.PdpProtocolType sessionType;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/SetupDataCallResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/SetupDataCallResult.aidl
index ff2459c..83f9db6 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/SetupDataCallResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/SetupDataCallResult.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SetupDataCallResult {
   android.hardware.radio.data.DataCallFailCause cause;
   long suggestedRetryTime;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/SliceInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/SliceInfo.aidl
index 0dd8127..efe4816 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/SliceInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/SliceInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SliceInfo {
   byte sliceServiceType;
   int sliceDifferentiator;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/SlicingConfig.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/SlicingConfig.aidl
index 54e2f12..b00febe 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/SlicingConfig.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/SlicingConfig.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SlicingConfig {
   android.hardware.radio.data.UrspRule[] urspRules;
   android.hardware.radio.data.SliceInfo[] sliceInfo;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/TrafficDescriptor.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/TrafficDescriptor.aidl
index d5079c1..d7b0654 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/TrafficDescriptor.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/TrafficDescriptor.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable TrafficDescriptor {
   @nullable String dnn;
   @nullable android.hardware.radio.data.OsAppId osAppId;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/UrspRule.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/UrspRule.aidl
index c0be054..7002fd1 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/UrspRule.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.data/current/android/hardware/radio/data/UrspRule.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable UrspRule {
   int precedence;
   android.hardware.radio.data.TrafficDescriptor[] trafficDescriptors;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl
index 54e8a7b..39e2be2 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaBroadcastSmsConfigInfo {
   int serviceCategory;
   int language;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAck.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAck.aidl
index 0de1688..befdbde 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAck.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAck.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaSmsAck {
   boolean errorClass;
   int smsCauseCode;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAddress.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAddress.aidl
index 4a55745..ab29c77 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAddress.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAddress.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaSmsAddress {
   int digitMode;
   boolean isNumberModeDataNetwork;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsMessage.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsMessage.aidl
index fdb74fb..867596c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsMessage.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsMessage.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaSmsMessage {
   int teleserviceId;
   boolean isServicePresent;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsSubaddress.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsSubaddress.aidl
index deb1102..d67fe8c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsSubaddress.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsSubaddress.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaSmsSubaddress {
   int subaddressType;
   boolean odd;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsWriteArgs.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsWriteArgs.aidl
index 4969663..b0a7f98 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsWriteArgs.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsWriteArgs.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaSmsWriteArgs {
   int status;
   android.hardware.radio.messaging.CdmaSmsMessage message;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl
index 6cc7636..46604ca 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable GsmBroadcastSmsConfigInfo {
   int fromServiceId;
   int toServiceId;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmSmsMessage.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmSmsMessage.aidl
index 2937d5c..4df7fd2 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmSmsMessage.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmSmsMessage.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable GsmSmsMessage {
   String smscPdu;
   String pdu;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/ImsSmsMessage.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/ImsSmsMessage.aidl
index 706bfdd..85f62b7 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/ImsSmsMessage.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/ImsSmsMessage.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable ImsSmsMessage {
   android.hardware.radio.RadioTechnologyFamily tech;
   boolean retry;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SendSmsResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SendSmsResult.aidl
index 0fbec6f..32f7a5c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SendSmsResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SendSmsResult.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SendSmsResult {
   int messageRef;
   String ackPDU;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsAcknowledgeFailCause.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsAcknowledgeFailCause.aidl
index b1f8ff8..019b185 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsAcknowledgeFailCause.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsAcknowledgeFailCause.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum SmsAcknowledgeFailCause {
   MEMORY_CAPACITY_EXCEEDED = 211,
   UNSPECIFIED_ERROR = 255,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsWriteArgs.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsWriteArgs.aidl
index 1748b62..489cc07 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsWriteArgs.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.messaging/current/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsWriteArgs.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SmsWriteArgs {
   int status;
   String pdu;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsInfo.aidl
index 93940fd..7e22ee0 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable ActivityStatsInfo {
   int sleepModeTimeMs;
   int idleModeTimeMs;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsTechSpecificInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsTechSpecificInfo.aidl
index 798ec36..08ed9a5 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsTechSpecificInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsTechSpecificInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable ActivityStatsTechSpecificInfo {
   android.hardware.radio.AccessNetwork rat;
   int frequencyRange;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/DeviceStateType.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/DeviceStateType.aidl
index 0f0006d..4e8c6d7 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/DeviceStateType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/DeviceStateType.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum DeviceStateType {
   POWER_SAVE_MODE = 0,
   CHARGING_STATE = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfig.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfig.aidl
index 7593ca7..3a0ec25 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfig.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfig.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable HardwareConfig {
   int type;
   String uuid;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigModem.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigModem.aidl
index bf70995..62bb160 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigModem.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigModem.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable HardwareConfigModem {
   int rilModel;
   android.hardware.radio.RadioTechnology rat;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigSim.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigSim.aidl
index 1b887c2..5810982 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigSim.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigSim.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable HardwareConfigSim {
   String modemUuid;
 }
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvItem.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvItem.aidl
index bda4ab7..3e27643 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvItem.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvItem.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum NvItem {
   CDMA_MEID = 1,
   CDMA_MIN = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvWriteItem.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvWriteItem.aidl
index 58e8498..17b7de0 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvWriteItem.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvWriteItem.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable NvWriteItem {
   android.hardware.radio.modem.NvItem itemId;
   String value;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioCapability.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioCapability.aidl
index 5aaf5a7..f2e2858 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioCapability.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioCapability.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable RadioCapability {
   int session;
   int phase;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioState.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioState.aidl
index 4bde770..57f2941 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioState.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum RadioState {
   OFF = 0,
   UNAVAILABLE = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/ResetNvType.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/ResetNvType.aidl
index 81f2254..e3b5796 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/ResetNvType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.modem/current/android/hardware/radio/modem/ResetNvType.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum ResetNvType {
   RELOAD = 0,
   ERASE = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/AccessTechnologySpecificInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/AccessTechnologySpecificInfo.aidl
index 4a4a120..28d8862 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/AccessTechnologySpecificInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/AccessTechnologySpecificInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 union AccessTechnologySpecificInfo {
   boolean noinit;
   android.hardware.radio.network.Cdma2000RegistrationInfo cdmaInfo;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringInfo.aidl
index a96ef51..e105b39 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable BarringInfo {
   int serviceType;
   int barringType;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringTypeSpecificInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringTypeSpecificInfo.aidl
index c04cdb5..a813633 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringTypeSpecificInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringTypeSpecificInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable BarringTypeSpecificInfo {
   int factor;
   int timeSeconds;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/Cdma2000RegistrationInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/Cdma2000RegistrationInfo.aidl
index 7d9292d..74c4e29 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/Cdma2000RegistrationInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/Cdma2000RegistrationInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable Cdma2000RegistrationInfo {
   boolean cssSupported;
   int roamingIndicator;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaRoamingType.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaRoamingType.aidl
index 54c431b..24ec26b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaRoamingType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaRoamingType.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum CdmaRoamingType {
   HOME_NETWORK = 0,
   AFFILIATED_ROAM = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaSignalStrength.aidl
index b4aee1c..e2f97bf 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaSignalStrength {
   int dbm;
   int ecio;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellConnectionStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellConnectionStatus.aidl
index 066cb60..8986d71 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellConnectionStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellConnectionStatus.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum CellConnectionStatus {
   NONE = 0,
   PRIMARY_SERVING = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentity.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentity.aidl
index 1c68e8c..2ee92de 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentity.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentity.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 union CellIdentity {
   boolean noinit;
   android.hardware.radio.network.CellIdentityGsm gsm;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityCdma.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityCdma.aidl
index 8c1fdfa..d659a28 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityCdma.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityCdma.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellIdentityCdma {
   int networkId;
   int systemId;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityGsm.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityGsm.aidl
index 2e384e9..d3193be 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityGsm.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityGsm.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellIdentityGsm {
   String mcc;
   String mnc;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityLte.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityLte.aidl
index c83997e..2ae7b43 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityLte.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityLte.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellIdentityLte {
   String mcc;
   String mnc;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityNr.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityNr.aidl
index 6bdfd99..b30af50 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityNr.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityNr.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellIdentityNr {
   String mcc;
   String mnc;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityTdscdma.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityTdscdma.aidl
index 4100805..e99d147 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityTdscdma.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityTdscdma.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellIdentityTdscdma {
   String mcc;
   String mnc;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityWcdma.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityWcdma.aidl
index 907f30d..12001fc 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityWcdma.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityWcdma.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellIdentityWcdma {
   String mcc;
   String mnc;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfo.aidl
index 38e0a44..467c6b7 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellInfo {
   boolean registered;
   android.hardware.radio.network.CellConnectionStatus connectionStatus;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoCdma.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoCdma.aidl
index d171a4b..e3bf46b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoCdma.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoCdma.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellInfoCdma {
   android.hardware.radio.network.CellIdentityCdma cellIdentityCdma;
   android.hardware.radio.network.CdmaSignalStrength signalStrengthCdma;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoGsm.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoGsm.aidl
index 491b686..84dcd07 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoGsm.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoGsm.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellInfoGsm {
   android.hardware.radio.network.CellIdentityGsm cellIdentityGsm;
   android.hardware.radio.network.GsmSignalStrength signalStrengthGsm;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoLte.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoLte.aidl
index 67c5a18..221340b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoLte.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoLte.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellInfoLte {
   android.hardware.radio.network.CellIdentityLte cellIdentityLte;
   android.hardware.radio.network.LteSignalStrength signalStrengthLte;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoNr.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoNr.aidl
index a094600..b392c1d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoNr.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoNr.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellInfoNr {
   android.hardware.radio.network.CellIdentityNr cellIdentityNr;
   android.hardware.radio.network.NrSignalStrength signalStrengthNr;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoRatSpecificInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoRatSpecificInfo.aidl
index 4e0719c..4ab0640 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoRatSpecificInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoRatSpecificInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 union CellInfoRatSpecificInfo {
   android.hardware.radio.network.CellInfoGsm gsm;
   android.hardware.radio.network.CellInfoWcdma wcdma;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoTdscdma.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoTdscdma.aidl
index d4e0874..138b35c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoTdscdma.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoTdscdma.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellInfoTdscdma {
   android.hardware.radio.network.CellIdentityTdscdma cellIdentityTdscdma;
   android.hardware.radio.network.TdscdmaSignalStrength signalStrengthTdscdma;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoWcdma.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoWcdma.aidl
index da19e37..cf7b135 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoWcdma.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoWcdma.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CellInfoWcdma {
   android.hardware.radio.network.CellIdentityWcdma cellIdentityWcdma;
   android.hardware.radio.network.WcdmaSignalStrength signalStrengthWcdma;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo.aidl
index 5c45d93..fe734c8 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo {
   boolean csgIndication;
   String homeNodebName;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/Domain.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/Domain.aidl
index 712bbdb..209cf5e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/Domain.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/Domain.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum Domain {
   CS = 1,
   PS = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranBands.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranBands.aidl
index 6c94d15..57fac3f 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranBands.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranBands.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum EutranBands {
   BAND_1 = 1,
   BAND_2 = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranRegistrationInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranRegistrationInfo.aidl
index 098b57e..dfbf881 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranRegistrationInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranRegistrationInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable EutranRegistrationInfo {
   android.hardware.radio.network.LteVopsInfo lteVopsInfo;
   android.hardware.radio.network.NrIndicators nrIndicators;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/EvdoSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/EvdoSignalStrength.aidl
index 7ec1635..7c56711 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/EvdoSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/EvdoSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable EvdoSignalStrength {
   int dbm;
   int ecio;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/GeranBands.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/GeranBands.aidl
index 7cb0fd5..135935f 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/GeranBands.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/GeranBands.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum GeranBands {
   BAND_T380 = 1,
   BAND_T410 = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/GsmSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/GsmSignalStrength.aidl
index 4142ae7..2b53b39 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/GsmSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/GsmSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable GsmSignalStrength {
   int signalStrength;
   int bitErrorRate;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/IndicationFilter.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/IndicationFilter.aidl
index f79ff2a..d9ed68e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/IndicationFilter.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/IndicationFilter.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum IndicationFilter {
   NONE = 0,
   ALL = -1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LceDataInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LceDataInfo.aidl
index 1876465..27b16c1 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LceDataInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LceDataInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable LceDataInfo {
   int lastHopCapacityKbps;
   byte confidenceLevel;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LinkCapacityEstimate.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LinkCapacityEstimate.aidl
index c34f177..5707b8e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LinkCapacityEstimate.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LinkCapacityEstimate.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable LinkCapacityEstimate {
   int downlinkCapacityKbps;
   int uplinkCapacityKbps;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LteSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LteSignalStrength.aidl
index c7b41f1..b5b8579 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LteSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LteSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable LteSignalStrength {
   int signalStrength;
   int rsrp;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LteVopsInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LteVopsInfo.aidl
index 9f20b10..6d8dd4e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LteVopsInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/LteVopsInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable LteVopsInfo {
   boolean isVopsSupported;
   boolean isEmcBearerSupported;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanRequest.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanRequest.aidl
index 1e657e5..6039740 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanRequest.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanRequest.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable NetworkScanRequest {
   int type;
   int interval;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanResult.aidl
index 3dc3940..4e392d0 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanResult.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable NetworkScanResult {
   int status;
   android.hardware.radio.RadioError error;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NgranBands.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NgranBands.aidl
index aa60cde..5904690 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NgranBands.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NgranBands.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum NgranBands {
   BAND_1 = 1,
   BAND_2 = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrDualConnectivityState.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrDualConnectivityState.aidl
index 6ee526f..62c2a56 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrDualConnectivityState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrDualConnectivityState.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="byte") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="byte") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum NrDualConnectivityState {
   ENABLE = 1,
   DISABLE = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrIndicators.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrIndicators.aidl
index 54f9b8f..88429f6 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrIndicators.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrIndicators.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable NrIndicators {
   boolean isEndcAvailable;
   boolean isDcNrRestricted;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrSignalStrength.aidl
index 14b60a6..98bbe6b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable NrSignalStrength {
   int ssRsrp;
   int ssRsrq;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrVopsInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrVopsInfo.aidl
index 7f58ee1..e5a0a70 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrVopsInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/NrVopsInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable NrVopsInfo {
   byte vopsSupported;
   byte emcSupported;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/OperatorInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/OperatorInfo.aidl
index c3658d9..034150e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/OperatorInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/OperatorInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable OperatorInfo {
   String alphaLong;
   String alphaShort;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/PhoneRestrictedState.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/PhoneRestrictedState.aidl
index dff8be0..41555f9 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/PhoneRestrictedState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/PhoneRestrictedState.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum PhoneRestrictedState {
   NONE = 0,
   CS_EMERGENCY = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfig.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfig.aidl
index 8db6bc4..928c6b7 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfig.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfig.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable PhysicalChannelConfig {
   android.hardware.radio.network.CellConnectionStatus status;
   android.hardware.radio.RadioTechnology rat;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfigBand.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfigBand.aidl
index 50af816..efc64a6 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfigBand.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfigBand.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 union PhysicalChannelConfigBand {
   boolean noinit;
   android.hardware.radio.network.GeranBands geranBand;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifier.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifier.aidl
index b412f63..1566bb5 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifier.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifier.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable RadioAccessSpecifier {
   android.hardware.radio.AccessNetwork accessNetwork;
   android.hardware.radio.network.RadioAccessSpecifierBands bands;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifierBands.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifierBands.aidl
index d44a883..a6ac12a 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifierBands.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifierBands.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 union RadioAccessSpecifierBands {
   boolean noinit;
   android.hardware.radio.network.GeranBands[] geranBands;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioBandMode.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioBandMode.aidl
index 7266fd5..e9a9f60 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioBandMode.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioBandMode.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum RadioBandMode {
   BAND_MODE_UNSPECIFIED = 0,
   BAND_MODE_EURO = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RegState.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RegState.aidl
index d10f413..e6e7999 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RegState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RegState.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum RegState {
   NOT_REG_MT_NOT_SEARCHING_OP = 0,
   REG_HOME = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RegStateResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RegStateResult.aidl
index eff2216..f0a03ae 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RegStateResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RegStateResult.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable RegStateResult {
   android.hardware.radio.network.RegState regState;
   android.hardware.radio.RadioTechnology rat;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RegistrationFailCause.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RegistrationFailCause.aidl
index 75fcdf4..e2cd44c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RegistrationFailCause.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/RegistrationFailCause.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum RegistrationFailCause {
   NONE = 0,
   IMSI_UNKNOWN_IN_HLR = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalStrength.aidl
index 7187116..1c50190 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalStrength.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SignalStrength {
   android.hardware.radio.network.GsmSignalStrength gsm;
   android.hardware.radio.network.CdmaSignalStrength cdma;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalThresholdInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalThresholdInfo.aidl
index 159d9c1..040932c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalThresholdInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalThresholdInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SignalThresholdInfo {
   int signalMeasurement;
   int hysteresisMs;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/SuppSvcNotification.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/SuppSvcNotification.aidl
index 541754e..b62c71b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/SuppSvcNotification.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/SuppSvcNotification.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SuppSvcNotification {
   boolean isMT;
   int code;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/TdscdmaSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/TdscdmaSignalStrength.aidl
index a00345f..d74c950 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/TdscdmaSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/TdscdmaSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable TdscdmaSignalStrength {
   int signalStrength;
   int bitErrorRate;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/UsageSetting.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/UsageSetting.aidl
index 7fdf831..3ca16b5 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/UsageSetting.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/UsageSetting.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum UsageSetting {
   VOICE_CENTRIC = 1,
   DATA_CENTRIC = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/UtranBands.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/UtranBands.aidl
index 87d5b85..8be3da2 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/UtranBands.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/UtranBands.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum UtranBands {
   BAND_1 = 1,
   BAND_2 = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/WcdmaSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/WcdmaSignalStrength.aidl
index 678ace9..9112527 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/WcdmaSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/WcdmaSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable WcdmaSignalStrength {
   int signalStrength;
   int bitErrorRate;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/AppStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/AppStatus.aidl
index 89d8f9a..8a41fb9 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/AppStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/AppStatus.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable AppStatus {
   int appType;
   int appState;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardPowerState.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardPowerState.aidl
index c0026ba..05bc13a 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardPowerState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardPowerState.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum CardPowerState {
   POWER_DOWN = 0,
   POWER_UP = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardStatus.aidl
index cf37a0d..9000d43 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardStatus.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CardStatus {
   int cardState;
   android.hardware.radio.sim.PinState universalPinState;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/Carrier.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/Carrier.aidl
index c7fced1..cc56888 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/Carrier.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/Carrier.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable Carrier {
   String mcc;
   String mnc;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CarrierRestrictions.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CarrierRestrictions.aidl
index 85cf86e..944f1ca 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CarrierRestrictions.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CarrierRestrictions.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CarrierRestrictions {
   android.hardware.radio.sim.Carrier[] allowedCarriers;
   android.hardware.radio.sim.Carrier[] excludedCarriers;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CdmaSubscriptionSource.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CdmaSubscriptionSource.aidl
index 50e768c..13469f3 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CdmaSubscriptionSource.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/CdmaSubscriptionSource.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum CdmaSubscriptionSource {
   RUIM_SIM = 0,
   NV = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIo.aidl
index 3e4dcf6..5a312dc 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable IccIo {
   int command;
   int fileId;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIoResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIoResult.aidl
index 58e43eb..6c6bde2 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIoResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIoResult.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable IccIoResult {
   int sw1;
   int sw2;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/ImsiEncryptionInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/ImsiEncryptionInfo.aidl
index 087f399..05e71cd 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/ImsiEncryptionInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/ImsiEncryptionInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable ImsiEncryptionInfo {
   String mcc;
   String mnc;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PbReceivedStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PbReceivedStatus.aidl
index 61babac..5e96fc6 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PbReceivedStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PbReceivedStatus.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@Backing(type="byte") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="byte") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum PbReceivedStatus {
   PB_RECEIVED_OK = 1,
   PB_RECEIVED_ERROR = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PersoSubstate.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PersoSubstate.aidl
index a09d781..e33769e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PersoSubstate.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PersoSubstate.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum PersoSubstate {
   UNKNOWN = 0,
   IN_PROGRESS = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookCapacity.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookCapacity.aidl
index c1fa765..7531c96 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookCapacity.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookCapacity.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable PhonebookCapacity {
   int maxAdnRecords;
   int usedAdnRecords;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookRecordInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookRecordInfo.aidl
index 36bc920..2e96a4b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookRecordInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookRecordInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable PhonebookRecordInfo {
   int recordId;
   String name;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PinState.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PinState.aidl
index c78b92c..5cdc6d1 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PinState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/PinState.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum PinState {
   UNKNOWN = 0,
   ENABLED_NOT_VERIFIED = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SelectUiccSub.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SelectUiccSub.aidl
index 4842fbe..02121e6 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SelectUiccSub.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SelectUiccSub.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SelectUiccSub {
   int slot;
   int appIndex;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimApdu.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimApdu.aidl
index d8e1dde..2201345 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimApdu.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimApdu.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SimApdu {
   int sessionId;
   int cla;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimLockMultiSimPolicy.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimLockMultiSimPolicy.aidl
index 6fd89d5..4ded3e9 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimLockMultiSimPolicy.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimLockMultiSimPolicy.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum SimLockMultiSimPolicy {
   NO_MULTISIM_POLICY = 0,
   ONE_VALID_SIM_MUST_BE_PRESENT = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimRefreshResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimRefreshResult.aidl
index dd3c1f2..69bf476 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimRefreshResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.sim/current/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimRefreshResult.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SimRefreshResult {
   int type;
   int efId;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/AudioQuality.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/AudioQuality.aidl
index 89bd2dc..15669ac 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/AudioQuality.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/AudioQuality.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum AudioQuality {
   UNSPECIFIED = 0,
   AMR = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/Call.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/Call.aidl
index 7f44531..10d2ee7 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/Call.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/Call.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable Call {
   int state;
   int index;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CallForwardInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CallForwardInfo.aidl
index 7ef9e46..8e7aaab 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CallForwardInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CallForwardInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CallForwardInfo {
   int status;
   int reason;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaCallWaiting.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaCallWaiting.aidl
index 9edf1e7..310f9a0 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaCallWaiting.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaCallWaiting.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaCallWaiting {
   String number;
   int numberPresentation;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaDisplayInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaDisplayInfoRecord.aidl
index b373aa5..b6b562c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaDisplayInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaDisplayInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaDisplayInfoRecord {
   String alphaBuf;
   const int CDMA_ALPHA_INFO_BUFFER_LENGTH = 64;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaInformationRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaInformationRecord.aidl
index cc4d3fa..24ae775 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaInformationRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaInformationRecord.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaInformationRecord {
   int name;
   android.hardware.radio.voice.CdmaDisplayInfoRecord[] display;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaLineControlInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaLineControlInfoRecord.aidl
index d7f6cd4..e34b393 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaLineControlInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaLineControlInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaLineControlInfoRecord {
   byte lineCtrlPolarityIncluded;
   byte lineCtrlToggle;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaNumberInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaNumberInfoRecord.aidl
index 26a7df5..aeb0347 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaNumberInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaNumberInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaNumberInfoRecord {
   String number;
   byte numberType;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaOtaProvisionStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaOtaProvisionStatus.aidl
index 5ea4e50..7877fda 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaOtaProvisionStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaOtaProvisionStatus.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum CdmaOtaProvisionStatus {
   SPL_UNLOCKED = 0,
   SPC_RETRIES_EXCEEDED = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaRedirectingNumberInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaRedirectingNumberInfoRecord.aidl
index f0f2b04..b61b91b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaRedirectingNumberInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaRedirectingNumberInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaRedirectingNumberInfoRecord {
   android.hardware.radio.voice.CdmaNumberInfoRecord redirectingNumber;
   int redirectingReason;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaSignalInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaSignalInfoRecord.aidl
index 2ebb396..6c7b264 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaSignalInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaSignalInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaSignalInfoRecord {
   boolean isPresent;
   byte signalType;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53AudioControlInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53AudioControlInfoRecord.aidl
index 33e2c2b..438231c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53AudioControlInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53AudioControlInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaT53AudioControlInfoRecord {
   byte upLink;
   byte downLink;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53ClirInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53ClirInfoRecord.aidl
index 457fd18..1b254f5 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53ClirInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53ClirInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CdmaT53ClirInfoRecord {
   byte cause;
 }
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CfData.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CfData.aidl
index 744e7ae..7e799c7 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CfData.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/CfData.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable CfData {
   android.hardware.radio.voice.CallForwardInfo[] cfInfo;
   const int NUM_SERVICE_CLASSES = 7;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/ClipStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/ClipStatus.aidl
index dafc2b9..3fbb0d8 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/ClipStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/ClipStatus.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum ClipStatus {
   CLIP_PROVISIONED = 0,
   CLIP_UNPROVISIONED = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/Dial.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/Dial.aidl
index c9a02a9..2b2e759 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/Dial.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/Dial.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable Dial {
   String address;
   int clir;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyCallRouting.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyCallRouting.aidl
index b31a661..07f011d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyCallRouting.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyCallRouting.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum EmergencyCallRouting {
   UNKNOWN = 0,
   EMERGENCY = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyNumber.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyNumber.aidl
index 39bcf1a..98df8cd 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyNumber.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyNumber.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable EmergencyNumber {
   String number;
   String mcc;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyServiceCategory.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyServiceCategory.aidl
index 34d3c40..042dd61 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyServiceCategory.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyServiceCategory.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum EmergencyServiceCategory {
   UNSPECIFIED = 0,
   POLICE = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCause.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCause.aidl
index 3e17840..1740134 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCause.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCause.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum LastCallFailCause {
   UNOBTAINABLE_NUMBER = 1,
   NO_ROUTE_TO_DESTINATION = 3,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCauseInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCauseInfo.aidl
index af75a40..221acf7 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCauseInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCauseInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable LastCallFailCauseInfo {
   android.hardware.radio.voice.LastCallFailCause causeCode;
   String vendorCause;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/SrvccState.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/SrvccState.aidl
index 8e7e9fb..864374b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/SrvccState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/SrvccState.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum SrvccState {
   HANDOVER_STARTED = 0,
   HANDOVER_COMPLETED = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/SsInfoData.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/SsInfoData.aidl
index 9517847..f18b404 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/SsInfoData.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/SsInfoData.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable SsInfoData {
   int[] ssInfo;
   const int SS_INFO_MAX = 4;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/StkCcUnsolSsResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/StkCcUnsolSsResult.aidl
index 71ef7a7..50bb1fd 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/StkCcUnsolSsResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/StkCcUnsolSsResult.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable StkCcUnsolSsResult {
   int serviceType;
   int requestType;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/TtyMode.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/TtyMode.aidl
index bb0a9f1..77417e8 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/TtyMode.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/TtyMode.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum TtyMode {
   OFF = 0,
   FULL = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/UssdModeType.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/UssdModeType.aidl
index 9a9d723..ad243d2 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/UssdModeType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/UssdModeType.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum UssdModeType {
   NOTIFY = 0,
   REQUEST = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/UusInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/UusInfo.aidl
index 0198de9..9313760 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/UusInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.voice/current/android/hardware/radio/voice/UusInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable UusInfo {
   int uusType;
   int uusDcs;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/AccessNetwork.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/AccessNetwork.aidl
index 0327d6c..8ce689f 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/AccessNetwork.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/AccessNetwork.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum AccessNetwork {
   UNKNOWN = 0,
   GERAN = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioAccessFamily.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioAccessFamily.aidl
index 9bb17fe..ecc2a9b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioAccessFamily.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioAccessFamily.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum RadioAccessFamily {
   UNKNOWN = 1,
   GPRS = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioConst.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioConst.aidl
index f411ca2..b91bf03 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioConst.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioConst.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable RadioConst {
   const int MAX_RILDS = 3;
   const int MAX_UUID_LENGTH = 64;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioError.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioError.aidl
index 3ef67bc..98606e5 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioError.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioError.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum RadioError {
   NONE = 0,
   RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioIndicationType.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioIndicationType.aidl
index fc5d4df..54ea3a4 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioIndicationType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioIndicationType.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum RadioIndicationType {
   UNSOLICITED = 0,
   UNSOLICITED_ACK_EXP = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfo.aidl
index 08c3023..b2a7a06 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfo.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable RadioResponseInfo {
   android.hardware.radio.RadioResponseType type;
   int serial;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfoModem.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfoModem.aidl
index cbc4ab9..37ed7bb 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfoModem.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfoModem.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio;
-@VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 parcelable RadioResponseInfoModem {
   android.hardware.radio.RadioResponseType type;
   int serial;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseType.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseType.aidl
index cf241830..5cd99c4 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseType.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum RadioResponseType {
   SOLICITED = 0,
   SOLICITED_ACK = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnology.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnology.aidl
index d0ca9b5..9dad0a4 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnology.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnology.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum RadioTechnology {
   UNKNOWN = 0,
   GPRS = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnologyFamily.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnologyFamily.aidl
index c11cd1c..e6fdce2 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnologyFamily.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio/current/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnologyFamily.aidl
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 // later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
 
 package android.hardware.radio;
-@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int") @JavaDerive(toString=true) @VintfStability
 enum RadioTechnologyFamily {
   THREE_GPP = 0,
   THREE_GPP2 = 1,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/AccessNetwork.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/AccessNetwork.aidl
index 10b84f4..2885642 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/AccessNetwork.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/AccessNetwork.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum AccessNetwork {
     /**
      * Unknown access network
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioAccessFamily.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioAccessFamily.aidl
index b8fbf9b..6cd0a95 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioAccessFamily.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioAccessFamily.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum RadioAccessFamily {
     UNKNOWN = 1 << RadioTechnology.UNKNOWN,
     GPRS = 1 << RadioTechnology.GPRS,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioConst.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioConst.aidl
index cd03f84..6591ef1 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioConst.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioConst.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable RadioConst {
     const int MAX_RILDS = 3;
     const int MAX_UUID_LENGTH = 64;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioError.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioError.aidl
index a708d2b..ae58a0e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioError.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioError.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum RadioError {
     /**
      * Success
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioIndicationType.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioIndicationType.aidl
index aa5215f..2dcc492 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioIndicationType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioIndicationType.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum RadioIndicationType {
     UNSOLICITED,
     UNSOLICITED_ACK_EXP,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfo.aidl
index d81c49c..f70a3fe 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfo.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.RadioResponseType;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable RadioResponseInfo {
     /**
      * Response type
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfoModem.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfoModem.aidl
index 8c7b94c..13abfb9 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfoModem.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseInfoModem.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.RadioResponseType;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable RadioResponseInfoModem {
     /**
      * Response type
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseType.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseType.aidl
index 882c759..cd4a305 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioResponseType.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum RadioResponseType {
     SOLICITED,
     SOLICITED_ACK,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnology.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnology.aidl
index d439866..917cb16 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnology.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnology.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum RadioTechnology {
     UNKNOWN,
     GPRS,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnologyFamily.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnologyFamily.aidl
index 37a1df2..a2b989d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnologyFamily.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/RadioTechnologyFamily.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum RadioTechnologyFamily {
     /**
      * 3GPP Technologies - GSM, WCDMA
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/PhoneCapability.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/PhoneCapability.aidl
index bc55e39..8e4f338 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/PhoneCapability.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/PhoneCapability.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  * SIM device to multi-SIM device.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable PhoneCapability {
     /**
      * maxActiveData defines how many logical modems can have
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/SimPortInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/SimPortInfo.aidl
index 54b9890..db24719 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/SimPortInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/SimPortInfo.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.config;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SimPortInfo {
     /**
      * Integrated Circuit Card IDentifier (ICCID) is unique identifier of the SIM card. File is
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/SimSlotStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/SimSlotStatus.aidl
index b5cf633..748660f 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/SimSlotStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/SimSlotStatus.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.config.SimPortInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SimSlotStatus {
     /**
      * Card state in the physical slot. Values are CardStatus.[STATE_ABSENT, STATE_PRESENT,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/SlotPortMapping.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/SlotPortMapping.aidl
index 3046d4f..c78afcb 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/SlotPortMapping.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/config/SlotPortMapping.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.config;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SlotPortMapping {
     /**
      * Physical slot id is the index of the slots
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnAuthType.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnAuthType.aidl
index 8209dfe..a4116db 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnAuthType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnAuthType.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum ApnAuthType {
     /**
      * PAP and CHAP is never performed.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnTypes.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnTypes.aidl
index ae103fc..ed1256d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnTypes.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/ApnTypes.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum ApnTypes {
     /**
      * None
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataCallFailCause.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataCallFailCause.aidl
index 89cd8f2..29ece76 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataCallFailCause.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataCallFailCause.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum DataCallFailCause {
     /**
      * An integer cause code defined in TS 24.008 section 6.1.3.1.3 or TS 24.301 Release 8+ Annex B.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataProfileInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataProfileInfo.aidl
index 123b3ed..ea4e751 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataProfileInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataProfileInfo.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.data.TrafficDescriptor;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable DataProfileInfo {
     const int ID_DEFAULT = 0;
     const int ID_TETHERED = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataRequestReason.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataRequestReason.aidl
index 2bb5bd6..44b47f8 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataRequestReason.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataRequestReason.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum DataRequestReason {
     /**
      * The reason of the data request is normal
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataThrottlingAction.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataThrottlingAction.aidl
index dfa64e2..e4ee444 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataThrottlingAction.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/DataThrottlingAction.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="byte")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum DataThrottlingAction {
     /*
      * Clear all existing data throttling.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/EpsQos.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/EpsQos.aidl
index 559a153..8965d6e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/EpsQos.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/EpsQos.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  * LTE/EPS Quality of Service parameters as per 3gpp spec 24.301 sec 9.9.4.3.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable EpsQos {
     /**
      * Quality of Service Class Identifier (QCI), see 3GPP TS 23.203 and 29.212.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/IRadioData.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/IRadioData.aidl
index e1ba568..0171d39 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/IRadioData.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/IRadioData.aidl
@@ -65,6 +65,7 @@
     /**
      * Deactivate packet data connection and remove from the data call list. An
      * unsolDataCallListChanged() must be sent when data connection is deactivated.
+     * Any return value other than RadioError::NONE will remove the network from the list.
      *
      * @param serial Serial number of request.
      * @param cid Data call id.
@@ -76,8 +77,7 @@
 
     /**
      * Returns the data call list. An entry is added when a setupDataCall() is issued and removed
-     * on a deactivateDataCall(). The list is emptied when setRadioPower()  off/on issued or when
-     * the vendor HAL or modem crashes.
+     * on a deactivateDataCall(). The list is emptied when the vendor HAL crashes.
      *
      * @param serial Serial number of request.
      *
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/IRadioDataResponse.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/IRadioDataResponse.aidl
index bbc8d07..88b6c1b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/IRadioDataResponse.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/IRadioDataResponse.aidl
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
      *
      * Valid errors returned:
      *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED may be returned when HAL 1.2 or higher is supported.
-     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:NONE indicates success. Any other error will remove the network from the list.
      *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
      *   RadioError:INVALID_CALL_ID
      *   RadioError:INVALID_STATE
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveRequest.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveRequest.aidl
index 57c9f68..c720de0 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveRequest.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveRequest.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable KeepaliveRequest {
     /**
      * Keepalive specified by RFC 3948 Sec. 2.3 using IPv4
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveStatus.aidl
index 2df280c..0b829c4 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/KeepaliveStatus.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable KeepaliveStatus {
     /**
      * Keepalive is currently active.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/LinkAddress.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/LinkAddress.aidl
index 599d382..12a7637 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/LinkAddress.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/LinkAddress.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  * Describes a data link address for mobile data connection.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable LinkAddress {
     const int ADDRESS_PROPERTY_NONE = 0;
     /**
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/NrQos.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/NrQos.aidl
index 1d69b4f..af8ab83 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/NrQos.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/NrQos.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  * 5G Quality of Service parameters as per 3gpp spec 24.501 sec 9.11.4.12
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable NrQos {
     const byte FLOW_ID_RANGE_MIN = 1;
     const byte FLOW_ID_RANGE_MAX = 63;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/OsAppId.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/OsAppId.aidl
index 0bf6d7e..88e7832 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/OsAppId.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/OsAppId.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  * This struct represents the OsId + OsAppId as defined in TS 24.526 Section 5.2
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable OsAppId {
     /**
      * Byte array representing OsId + OsAppId. The minimum length of the array is 18 and maximum
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/PcoDataInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/PcoDataInfo.aidl
index 9587614..38a821f 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/PcoDataInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/PcoDataInfo.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable PcoDataInfo {
     /**
      * Context ID, uniquely identifies this call
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/PdpProtocolType.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/PdpProtocolType.aidl
index 9b1136c..792a503 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/PdpProtocolType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/PdpProtocolType.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum PdpProtocolType {
     /**
      * Unknown protocol
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/PortRange.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/PortRange.aidl
index b1f88e6..5c83ca4 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/PortRange.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/PortRange.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  * be represented by the same start and end value.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable PortRange {
     const int PORT_RANGE_MIN = 20;
     const int PORT_RANGE_MAX = 65535;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/Qos.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/Qos.aidl
index 3d458de..d9ab9e7 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/Qos.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/Qos.aidl
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  * EPS or NR QOS parameters
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 union Qos {
     boolean noinit;
     EpsQos eps;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosBandwidth.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosBandwidth.aidl
index a21003a..e841548 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosBandwidth.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosBandwidth.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable QosBandwidth {
     /**
      * Maximum bit rate possible on the bearer
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilter.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilter.aidl
index 626f2b4..f5dc7ec 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilter.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilter.aidl
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
  * See 3gpp 24.008 10.5.6.12 and 3gpp 24.501 9.11.4.13
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable QosFilter {
     const byte DIRECTION_DOWNLINK = 0;
     const byte DIRECTION_UPLINK = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpsecSpi.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpsecSpi.aidl
index fd7efb1..5059c28 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpsecSpi.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpsecSpi.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 union QosFilterIpsecSpi {
     boolean noinit;
     int value;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpv6FlowLabel.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpv6FlowLabel.aidl
index d6ce84b..6f14934 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpv6FlowLabel.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterIpv6FlowLabel.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 union QosFilterIpv6FlowLabel {
     boolean noinit;
     int value;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterTypeOfService.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterTypeOfService.aidl
index c50c5b6..f5770a4 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterTypeOfService.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosFilterTypeOfService.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.data;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 union QosFilterTypeOfService {
     boolean noinit;
     byte value;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosSession.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosSession.aidl
index 389c349..770b124 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosSession.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/QosSession.aidl
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  * QOS session associated with a dedicated bearer
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable QosSession {
     /**
      * Unique ID of the QoS session within the data call
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/RouteSelectionDescriptor.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/RouteSelectionDescriptor.aidl
index d9d602e..14b0ffc 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/RouteSelectionDescriptor.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/RouteSelectionDescriptor.aidl
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  * This struct represents a single route selection descriptor as defined in 3GPP TS 24.526.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable RouteSelectionDescriptor {
     const byte SSC_MODE_UNKNOWN = -1;
     const byte SSC_MODE_1 = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/SetupDataCallResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/SetupDataCallResult.aidl
index ebfc55d..fee54ac 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/SetupDataCallResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/SetupDataCallResult.aidl
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.data.TrafficDescriptor;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SetupDataCallResult {
     /**
      * Indicates the data connection is inactive.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/SliceInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/SliceInfo.aidl
index 0943031..7ad7fc3 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/SliceInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/SliceInfo.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  * This struct represents a S-NSSAI as defined in 3GPP TS 24.501.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SliceInfo {
     /*
      * Not specified
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/SlicingConfig.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/SlicingConfig.aidl
index eea2d49..e94b58c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/SlicingConfig.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/SlicingConfig.aidl
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  * This struct represents the current slicing configuration.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SlicingConfig {
     /**
      * This vector contains the current URSP rules. Empty vector indicates no rules are configured.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/TrafficDescriptor.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/TrafficDescriptor.aidl
index e6ea27c..2c117a5 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/TrafficDescriptor.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/TrafficDescriptor.aidl
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
  * TS 24.526 Section 5.2.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable TrafficDescriptor {
     /**
      * DNN stands for Data Network Name and represents an APN as defined in 3GPP TS 23.003.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/UrspRule.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/UrspRule.aidl
index de85be5..0499edd 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/UrspRule.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/data/UrspRule.aidl
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  * This struct represents a single URSP rule as defined in 3GPP TS 24.526.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable UrspRule {
     /**
      * Precedence value in the range of 0 to 255. Higher value has lower precedence.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl
index 3d715e2..4173f15 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaBroadcastSmsConfigInfo {
     /**
      * Defines a broadcast message identifier whose value is 0x0000 - 0xFFFF as defined in
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAck.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAck.aidl
index 25871c8..85ef692 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAck.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAck.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaSmsAck {
     boolean errorClass;
     /**
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAddress.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAddress.aidl
index 835dda5..8e521df 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAddress.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsAddress.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaSmsAddress {
     /**
      * DTMF digits
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsMessage.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsMessage.aidl
index f1f065f..d4fb26f 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsMessage.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsMessage.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.messaging.CdmaSmsSubaddress;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaSmsMessage {
     int teleserviceId;
     boolean isServicePresent;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsSubaddress.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsSubaddress.aidl
index 9dfe503..18e5837 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsSubaddress.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsSubaddress.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaSmsSubaddress {
     /**
      * CCITT X.213 or ISO 8348 AD2
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsWriteArgs.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsWriteArgs.aidl
index e73a0d7..4191985 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsWriteArgs.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/CdmaSmsWriteArgs.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.messaging.CdmaSmsMessage;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaSmsWriteArgs {
     const int STATUS_REC_UNREAD = 0;
     const int STATUS_REC_READ = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl
index 2a52f0a..5138c3c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmBroadcastSmsConfigInfo.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  * Which types of Cell Broadcast Message (CBM) are to be received by the ME
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable GsmBroadcastSmsConfigInfo {
     /**
      * Beginning of the range of CBM message identifiers whose value is 0x0000 - 0xFFFF as defined
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmSmsMessage.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmSmsMessage.aidl
index 45c09af..ee62d95 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmSmsMessage.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/GsmSmsMessage.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable GsmSmsMessage {
     /**
      * SMSC address in GSM BCD format prefixed by a length byte (as expected by TS 27.005)
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/ImsSmsMessage.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/ImsSmsMessage.aidl
index 809cfb3..d4be044 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/ImsSmsMessage.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/ImsSmsMessage.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.messaging.GsmSmsMessage;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable ImsSmsMessage {
     RadioTechnologyFamily tech;
     /**
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SendSmsResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SendSmsResult.aidl
index 15d68f1..80e059c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SendSmsResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SendSmsResult.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SendSmsResult {
     /**
      * TP-Message-Reference for GSM, and BearerData MessageId for CDMA.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsAcknowledgeFailCause.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsAcknowledgeFailCause.aidl
index a47cdb6..eb15bf1 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsAcknowledgeFailCause.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsAcknowledgeFailCause.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum SmsAcknowledgeFailCause {
     MEMORY_CAPACITY_EXCEEDED = 0xD3,
     UNSPECIFIED_ERROR = 0XFF,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsWriteArgs.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsWriteArgs.aidl
index 539f68b..6eef941 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsWriteArgs.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/messaging/SmsWriteArgs.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.messaging;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SmsWriteArgs {
     const int STATUS_REC_UNREAD = 0;
     const int STATUS_REC_READ = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsInfo.aidl
index d0aa695..b2a56d4 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsInfo.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.modem.ActivityStatsTechSpecificInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable ActivityStatsInfo {
     /**
      * Total time (in ms) when modem is in a low power or sleep state
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsTechSpecificInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsTechSpecificInfo.aidl
index fb14223..fcc2df2 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsTechSpecificInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/ActivityStatsTechSpecificInfo.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.AccessNetwork;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable ActivityStatsTechSpecificInfo {
     /** Indicates the frequency range is unknown. */
     const int FREQUENCY_RANGE_UNKNOWN = 0;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/DeviceStateType.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/DeviceStateType.aidl
index 0dae351..ad0d59c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/DeviceStateType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/DeviceStateType.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum DeviceStateType {
     /**
      * Device power save mode (provided by PowerManager). True indicates the device is in
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfig.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfig.aidl
index c38df5e..8eb1f2d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfig.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfig.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.modem.HardwareConfigSim;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable HardwareConfig {
     const int STATE_ENABLED = 0;
     const int STATE_STANDBY = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigModem.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigModem.aidl
index 0b7343b..f5e2c27 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigModem.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigModem.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.RadioTechnology;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable HardwareConfigModem {
     /**
      * RIL attachment model. Values are:
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigSim.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigSim.aidl
index 0f0c05f..c82bc6e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigSim.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/HardwareConfigSim.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable HardwareConfigSim {
     /**
      * RadioConst:MAX_UUID_LENGTH is max length of the string
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvItem.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvItem.aidl
index cdae1c8..649b0d2 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvItem.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvItem.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum NvItem {
     /**
      * CDMA radio and account information (items 1-10)
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvWriteItem.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvWriteItem.aidl
index d66c2cd..47fb490 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvWriteItem.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/NvWriteItem.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.modem.NvItem;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable NvWriteItem {
     NvItem itemId;
     String value;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioCapability.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioCapability.aidl
index 96b9d0d..16cba09 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioCapability.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioCapability.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.modem;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable RadioCapability {
     /**
      * Logical Modem's (LM) initial value and value after PHASE_FINISH completes.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioState.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioState.aidl
index b9826a4..dedad25 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/RadioState.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum RadioState {
     /**
      * Radio explicitly powered off (eg CFUN=0)
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/ResetNvType.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/ResetNvType.aidl
index a1411c9..16487f8 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/ResetNvType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/modem/ResetNvType.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum ResetNvType {
     /**
      * Reload all NV items
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/AccessTechnologySpecificInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/AccessTechnologySpecificInfo.aidl
index dfd62a7..8b95ced 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/AccessTechnologySpecificInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/AccessTechnologySpecificInfo.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.NrVopsInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 union AccessTechnologySpecificInfo {
     boolean noinit;
     Cdma2000RegistrationInfo cdmaInfo;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringInfo.aidl
index da49ba5..2759406 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringInfo.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.BarringTypeSpecificInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable BarringInfo {
     /**
      * Device is not barred for the given service
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringTypeSpecificInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringTypeSpecificInfo.aidl
index 3899711..3db3bf3 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringTypeSpecificInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/BarringTypeSpecificInfo.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable BarringTypeSpecificInfo {
     /**
      * The barring factor as a percentage 0-100
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/Cdma2000RegistrationInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/Cdma2000RegistrationInfo.aidl
index 6ea6cf9..b06fabb 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/Cdma2000RegistrationInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/Cdma2000RegistrationInfo.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable Cdma2000RegistrationInfo {
     const int PRL_INDICATOR_NOT_REGISTERED = -1;
     const int PRL_INDICATOR_NOT_IN_PRL = 0;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaRoamingType.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaRoamingType.aidl
index 3da8c98..2fea519 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaRoamingType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaRoamingType.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum CdmaRoamingType {
     HOME_NETWORK,
     AFFILIATED_ROAM,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaSignalStrength.aidl
index c7754f2..1286f67 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CdmaSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaSignalStrength {
     /**
      * This value is the actual RSSI value multiplied by -1. Example: If the actual RSSI is -75,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellConnectionStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellConnectionStatus.aidl
index d9f5766..da36ff0 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellConnectionStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellConnectionStatus.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum CellConnectionStatus {
     /**
      * Cell is not a serving cell.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentity.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentity.aidl
index af6d38e..e34866b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentity.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentity.aidl
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
  * A union representing the CellIdentity of a single cell.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 union CellIdentity {
     boolean noinit;
     CellIdentityGsm gsm;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityCdma.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityCdma.aidl
index ae6fda4..5bb26c1 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityCdma.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityCdma.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.OperatorInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellIdentityCdma {
     /**
      * Network Id 0..65535, INT_MAX if unknown
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityGsm.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityGsm.aidl
index 75a96e8..60f42b6 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityGsm.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityGsm.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.OperatorInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellIdentityGsm {
     /**
      * 3-digit Mobile Country Code, 0..999, empty string if unknown
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityLte.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityLte.aidl
index ae52cf2..bfa58ac 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityLte.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityLte.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.OperatorInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellIdentityLte {
     /**
      * 3-digit Mobile Country Code, 0..999, empty string if unknown
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityNr.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityNr.aidl
index 73a56ea..d51a18e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityNr.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityNr.aidl
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
  * broadcast in SIB1 CellAccessRelatedInfo as per 3GPP TS 38.331 Section 6.3.2.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellIdentityNr {
     /**
      * 3-digit Mobile Country Code, in range[0, 999]; This value must be valid for registered or
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityTdscdma.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityTdscdma.aidl
index 5b00df1..f6e790f 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityTdscdma.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityTdscdma.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.OperatorInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellIdentityTdscdma {
     /**
      * 3-digit Mobile Country Code, 0..999, empty string if unknown.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityWcdma.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityWcdma.aidl
index bf4d6cb..a76509b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityWcdma.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellIdentityWcdma.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.OperatorInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellIdentityWcdma {
     /**
      * 3-digit Mobile Country Code, 0..999, empty string if unknown.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfo.aidl
index 58cf9f5..161ac71 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfo.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.CellInfoRatSpecificInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellInfo {
     /**
      * True if this cell is registered false if not registered.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoCdma.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoCdma.aidl
index 6d92918..5408104 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoCdma.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoCdma.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.EvdoSignalStrength;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellInfoCdma {
     CellIdentityCdma cellIdentityCdma;
     CdmaSignalStrength signalStrengthCdma;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoGsm.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoGsm.aidl
index fc85248..cadcd91 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoGsm.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoGsm.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.GsmSignalStrength;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellInfoGsm {
     CellIdentityGsm cellIdentityGsm;
     GsmSignalStrength signalStrengthGsm;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoLte.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoLte.aidl
index 22db722..443a668 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoLte.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoLte.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.LteSignalStrength;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellInfoLte {
     CellIdentityLte cellIdentityLte;
     LteSignalStrength signalStrengthLte;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoNr.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoNr.aidl
index fbf026e..6b3d4f4 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoNr.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoNr.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.NrSignalStrength;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellInfoNr {
     CellIdentityNr cellIdentityNr;
     NrSignalStrength signalStrengthNr;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoRatSpecificInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoRatSpecificInfo.aidl
index 7e8a437..76e92a4 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoRatSpecificInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoRatSpecificInfo.aidl
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.CellInfoWcdma;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 union CellInfoRatSpecificInfo {
     /**
      * 3gpp CellInfo types.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoTdscdma.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoTdscdma.aidl
index e07e721..fb9c984 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoTdscdma.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoTdscdma.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.TdscdmaSignalStrength;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellInfoTdscdma {
     CellIdentityTdscdma cellIdentityTdscdma;
     TdscdmaSignalStrength signalStrengthTdscdma;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoWcdma.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoWcdma.aidl
index 38b6903..2d6a2e5 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoWcdma.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/CellInfoWcdma.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.WcdmaSignalStrength;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CellInfoWcdma {
     CellIdentityWcdma cellIdentityWcdma;
     WcdmaSignalStrength signalStrengthWcdma;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo.aidl
index b5b4add..a2d82d7 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo {
     /**
      * Indicates whether the cell is restricted to only CSG members. A cell not broadcasting the
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/Domain.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/Domain.aidl
index b62f0ee..be5f320 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/Domain.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/Domain.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum Domain {
     /**
      * Circuit-switched
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranBands.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranBands.aidl
index 48ee26e..72e76e3 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranBands.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranBands.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum EutranBands {
     BAND_1 = 1,
     BAND_2 = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranRegistrationInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranRegistrationInfo.aidl
index 5e19c56..c9563ac 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranRegistrationInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/EutranRegistrationInfo.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.NrIndicators;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable EutranRegistrationInfo {
     /**
      * Network capabilities for voice over PS services. This info is valid only on LTE network and
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/EvdoSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/EvdoSignalStrength.aidl
index 0ab8b59..c3b3898 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/EvdoSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/EvdoSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable EvdoSignalStrength {
     /**
      * This value is the actual RSSI value multiplied by -1. Example: If the actual RSSI is -75,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/GeranBands.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/GeranBands.aidl
index 573d771..0e5b7b2 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/GeranBands.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/GeranBands.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum GeranBands {
     BAND_T380 = 1,
     BAND_T410 = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/GsmSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/GsmSignalStrength.aidl
index 539e1ce..796f80f 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/GsmSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/GsmSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable GsmSignalStrength {
     /**
      * Valid values are (0-61, 99) as defined in TS 27.007 8.69; INT_MAX means invalid/unreported.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/IndicationFilter.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/IndicationFilter.aidl
index ac48227..9cab28d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/IndicationFilter.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/IndicationFilter.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum IndicationFilter {
     NONE = 0,
     ALL = ~0,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LceDataInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LceDataInfo.aidl
index 344227e..fdbdc2b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LceDataInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LceDataInfo.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable LceDataInfo {
     /**
      * Last-hop cellular capacity: kilobits/second.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LinkCapacityEstimate.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LinkCapacityEstimate.aidl
index 8d31bbc..6461719 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LinkCapacityEstimate.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LinkCapacityEstimate.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable LinkCapacityEstimate {
     /**
      * Estimated downlink capacity in kbps. In case of a dual connected network, this includes
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LteSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LteSignalStrength.aidl
index a727aa5..2d97c45 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LteSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LteSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable LteSignalStrength {
     /**
      * Valid values are (0-31, 99) as defined in TS 27.007 8.5; INT_MAX means invalid/unreported.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LteVopsInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LteVopsInfo.aidl
index 1cda8db..fb3b986 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LteVopsInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/LteVopsInfo.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
  * normal voice calls.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable LteVopsInfo {
     /**
      * This indicates if camped network support VoLTE services. This information is received from
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanRequest.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanRequest.aidl
index 7cea1de..ae173c7 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanRequest.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanRequest.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.RadioAccessSpecifier;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable NetworkScanRequest {
     const int RADIO_ACCESS_SPECIFIER_MAX_SIZE = 8;
 
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanResult.aidl
index e08d63e..6d83f74 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NetworkScanResult.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.CellInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable NetworkScanResult {
     /**
      * The result contains a part of the scan results.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NgranBands.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NgranBands.aidl
index a1c2957..53c7a3d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NgranBands.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NgranBands.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum NgranBands {
     /**
      * 3GPP TS 38.101-1, Table 5.2-1: FR1 bands
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrDualConnectivityState.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrDualConnectivityState.aidl
index e40d4f9..e293dff 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrDualConnectivityState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrDualConnectivityState.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="byte")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum NrDualConnectivityState {
     /**
      * Enable NR dual connectivity. Enabled state does not mean dual connectivity is active.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrIndicators.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrIndicators.aidl
index 98fac25..32cc964 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrIndicators.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrIndicators.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  * The parameters of NR 5G Non-Standalone.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable NrIndicators {
     /**
      * Indicates that if E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) is supported by the primary serving
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrSignalStrength.aidl
index d2ac02b..1bb569a 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable NrSignalStrength {
     /**
      * SS reference signal received power, multiplied by -1.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrVopsInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrVopsInfo.aidl
index bae5f40..197f401 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrVopsInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/NrVopsInfo.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
  * normal voice calls.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable NrVopsInfo {
     /**
      * Emergency services not supported
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/OperatorInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/OperatorInfo.aidl
index 9fa126d..56f4dca 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/OperatorInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/OperatorInfo.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable OperatorInfo {
     const int STATUS_UNKNOWN = 0;
     const int STATUS_AVAILABLE = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/PhoneRestrictedState.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/PhoneRestrictedState.aidl
index bf3f75a..23ae3b1 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/PhoneRestrictedState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/PhoneRestrictedState.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum PhoneRestrictedState {
     /**
      * No restriction at all including voice/SMS/USSD/SS/AV64 and packet data.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfig.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfig.aidl
index b6072ba..9996953 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfig.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfig.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.PhysicalChannelConfigBand;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable PhysicalChannelConfig {
     /**
      * Connection status for cell. Valid values are PRIMARY_SERVING and SECONDARY_SERVING
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfigBand.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfigBand.aidl
index f5b248e..707a032 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfigBand.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/PhysicalChannelConfigBand.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.UtranBands;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 union PhysicalChannelConfigBand {
     boolean noinit;
     /**
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifier.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifier.aidl
index dcc9d53..8504248 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifier.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifier.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.RadioAccessSpecifierBands;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable RadioAccessSpecifier {
     /**
      * The type of network to scan.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifierBands.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifierBands.aidl
index c72d8c9..38afee5 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifierBands.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioAccessSpecifierBands.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.UtranBands;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 union RadioAccessSpecifierBands {
     boolean noinit;
     /**
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioBandMode.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioBandMode.aidl
index 4fdc614..45c4a51 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioBandMode.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RadioBandMode.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum RadioBandMode {
     /**
      * "Unspecified" (selected by baseband automatically)
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RegState.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RegState.aidl
index bb2c3c3..3f13783 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RegState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RegState.aidl
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum RegState {
     /**
      * Not registered, MT is not currently searching for a new operator to register
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RegStateResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RegStateResult.aidl
index 312182e..3d96b8c 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RegStateResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RegStateResult.aidl
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.RegistrationFailCause;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable RegStateResult {
     /**
      * Registration state. If the RAT is indicated as a GERAN, UTRAN, or CDMA2000 technology, this
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RegistrationFailCause.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RegistrationFailCause.aidl
index 586436e..9549f2e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RegistrationFailCause.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/RegistrationFailCause.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum RegistrationFailCause {
     /**
      * 0 - None
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalStrength.aidl
index 5a18b18..ddb4582 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalStrength.aidl
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.network.WcdmaSignalStrength;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SignalStrength {
     /**
      * If GSM measurements are provided, this structure must contain valid measurements; otherwise
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalThresholdInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalThresholdInfo.aidl
index 584ea38..2f90180 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalThresholdInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/SignalThresholdInfo.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  * Contains the threshold values of each signal measurement type.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SignalThresholdInfo {
     /**
      * Received Signal Strength Indication.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/SuppSvcNotification.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/SuppSvcNotification.aidl
index dce437a..d4229e1 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/SuppSvcNotification.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/SuppSvcNotification.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SuppSvcNotification {
     /**
      * Notification type
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/TdscdmaSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/TdscdmaSignalStrength.aidl
index 13f394a..ec9ca6b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/TdscdmaSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/TdscdmaSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable TdscdmaSignalStrength {
     /**
      * UTRA carrier RSSI as defined in TS 25.225 5.1.4. Valid values are (0-31, 99) as defined in
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/UsageSetting.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/UsageSetting.aidl
index ba8fe93..5a714a4 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/UsageSetting.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/UsageSetting.aidl
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum UsageSetting {
     /**
      * UE operates in voice-centric mode. Generally speaking, in this mode of operation, the UE
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/UtranBands.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/UtranBands.aidl
index da21f9b..a0fd427 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/UtranBands.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/UtranBands.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum UtranBands {
     BAND_1 = 1,
     BAND_2 = 2,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/WcdmaSignalStrength.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/WcdmaSignalStrength.aidl
index 21021e5..7595c05 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/WcdmaSignalStrength.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/WcdmaSignalStrength.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.network;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable WcdmaSignalStrength {
     /**
      * Valid values are (0-31, 99) as defined in TS 27.007 8.5; INT_MAX means unreported.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/AppStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/AppStatus.aidl
index 07939bb..c072f6a 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/AppStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/AppStatus.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.sim.PinState;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable AppStatus {
     const int APP_STATE_UNKNOWN = 0;
     const int APP_STATE_DETECTED = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardPowerState.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardPowerState.aidl
index b69296d..f8b5922 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardPowerState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardPowerState.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum CardPowerState {
     POWER_DOWN,
     POWER_UP,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardStatus.aidl
index 3098c4d..a14cf7d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CardStatus.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.sim.PinState;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CardStatus {
     /*
      * Card is physically absent from device. (Some old modems use STATE_ABSENT when the SIM
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/Carrier.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/Carrier.aidl
index c870c00..d25214f 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/Carrier.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/Carrier.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable Carrier {
     /**
      * Apply to all carrier with the same mcc/mnc
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CarrierRestrictions.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CarrierRestrictions.aidl
index ef38fdc..3dce907 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CarrierRestrictions.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CarrierRestrictions.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.sim.Carrier;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CarrierRestrictions {
     /**
      * Allowed carriers
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CdmaSubscriptionSource.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CdmaSubscriptionSource.aidl
index bdd7e07..6aa6926 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CdmaSubscriptionSource.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/CdmaSubscriptionSource.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum CdmaSubscriptionSource {
     RUIM_SIM,
     NV,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIo.aidl
index be5e832..f173c8e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIo.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable IccIo {
     /**
      * One of the commands listed for TS 27.007 +CRSM
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIoResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIoResult.aidl
index 8aa9e8f..efcbbda 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIoResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/IccIoResult.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable IccIoResult {
     int sw1;
     int sw2;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/ImsiEncryptionInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/ImsiEncryptionInfo.aidl
index e8b3807..ba1dda5 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/ImsiEncryptionInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/ImsiEncryptionInfo.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  * Carrier specific Information sent by the carrier, which will be used to encrypt IMSI and IMPI.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable ImsiEncryptionInfo {
     /**
      * Key type to be used for ePDG
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PbReceivedStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PbReceivedStatus.aidl
index 953335b..b1385a4 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PbReceivedStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PbReceivedStatus.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="byte")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum PbReceivedStatus {
     /**
      * Indicates that retrieval is fine.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PersoSubstate.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PersoSubstate.aidl
index f01ff61..f85c84b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PersoSubstate.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PersoSubstate.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum PersoSubstate {
     /**
      * Initial state
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookCapacity.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookCapacity.aidl
index 23a0208..97c3dba 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookCapacity.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookCapacity.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable PhonebookCapacity {
     /**
      * Maximum number of ADN records possible in the SIM phonebook. Needs to be non-negative.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookRecordInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookRecordInfo.aidl
index 03326b8..c4db0e6 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookRecordInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PhonebookRecordInfo.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
  * as per 3GPP spec 31.102 v15 Section-4.4.2.3.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable PhonebookRecordInfo {
     /**
      * Record index. 0 is used to insert a record
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PinState.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PinState.aidl
index 03b8e4e..85048bb 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PinState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/PinState.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum PinState {
     UNKNOWN,
     ENABLED_NOT_VERIFIED,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SelectUiccSub.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SelectUiccSub.aidl
index 3c152d6..553404b 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SelectUiccSub.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SelectUiccSub.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SelectUiccSub {
     const int SUBSCRIPTION_TYPE_1 = 0;
     const int SUBSCRIPTION_TYPE_2 = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimApdu.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimApdu.aidl
index 1dc707e..43adbbc 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimApdu.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimApdu.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SimApdu {
     /**
      * "sessionid" from TS 27.007 +CGLA command. Must be ignored for +CSIM command.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimLockMultiSimPolicy.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimLockMultiSimPolicy.aidl
index 6c03122..6490d51 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimLockMultiSimPolicy.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimLockMultiSimPolicy.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum SimLockMultiSimPolicy {
     /**
      * Indicates that configuration applies to each slot independently.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimRefreshResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimRefreshResult.aidl
index 483a54c..69aff66 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimRefreshResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/sim/SimRefreshResult.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.sim;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SimRefreshResult {
     /**
      * A file on SIM has been updated.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/AudioQuality.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/AudioQuality.aidl
index 94d5f88..dc47172 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/AudioQuality.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/AudioQuality.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum AudioQuality {
     /**
      * Unspecified audio codec
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/Call.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/Call.aidl
index beb079b..b09d7a0 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/Call.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/Call.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.voice.UusInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable Call {
     const int PRESENTATION_ALLOWED = 0;
     const int PRESENTATION_RESTRICTED = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CallForwardInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CallForwardInfo.aidl
index b7ddcd9..c4143b9 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CallForwardInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CallForwardInfo.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  * See also com.android.internal.telephony.gsm.CallForwardInfo
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CallForwardInfo {
     const int STATUS_DISABLE = 0;
     const int STATUS_ENABLE = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaCallWaiting.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaCallWaiting.aidl
index 7ba6a72..4d447d7 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaCallWaiting.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaCallWaiting.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.voice.CdmaSignalInfoRecord;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaCallWaiting {
     const int NUMBER_PLAN_UNKNOWN = 0;
     const int NUMBER_PLAN_ISDN = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaDisplayInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaDisplayInfoRecord.aidl
index ac66237..522f7ae 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaDisplayInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaDisplayInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
  * a byte buffer. The display_tag, display_len and chari fields are all 1 byte.
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaDisplayInfoRecord {
     const int CDMA_ALPHA_INFO_BUFFER_LENGTH = 64;
     /**
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaInformationRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaInformationRecord.aidl
index 6920462..1a4f1b3 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaInformationRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaInformationRecord.aidl
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 /**
  * Max length of CdmaInformationRecords[] is CDMA_MAX_NUMBER_OF_INFO_RECS
  */
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaInformationRecord {
     const int CDMA_MAX_NUMBER_OF_INFO_RECS = 10;
     /**
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaLineControlInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaLineControlInfoRecord.aidl
index c3bda23..8bfc5f7 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaLineControlInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaLineControlInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  * Line Control Information Record as defined in C.S0005 section 3.7.5.15
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaLineControlInfoRecord {
     byte lineCtrlPolarityIncluded;
     byte lineCtrlToggle;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaNumberInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaNumberInfoRecord.aidl
index 265bf67..9084b25 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaNumberInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaNumberInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
  * Connected Number Info Rec as defined in C.S0005 section 3.7.5.4
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaNumberInfoRecord {
     const int CDMA_NUMBER_INFO_BUFFER_LENGTH = 81;
     /**
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaOtaProvisionStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaOtaProvisionStatus.aidl
index 7b4205a..81fb003 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaOtaProvisionStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaOtaProvisionStatus.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum CdmaOtaProvisionStatus {
     SPL_UNLOCKED,
     SPC_RETRIES_EXCEEDED,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaRedirectingNumberInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaRedirectingNumberInfoRecord.aidl
index f3bcc0f..5c9e2f2 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaRedirectingNumberInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaRedirectingNumberInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.voice.CdmaNumberInfoRecord;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaRedirectingNumberInfoRecord {
     /**
      * Redirecting Number Information Record as defined in C.S0005 section 3.7.5.11
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaSignalInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaSignalInfoRecord.aidl
index 5fc8776..3334475 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaSignalInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaSignalInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  * CDMA Signal Information Record as defined in C.S0005 section 3.7.5.5
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaSignalInfoRecord {
     /**
      * True if signal information record is present
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53AudioControlInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53AudioControlInfoRecord.aidl
index c41f8e3..9795cf0 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53AudioControlInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53AudioControlInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  * T53 Audio Control Information Record
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaT53AudioControlInfoRecord {
     byte upLink;
     byte downLink;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53ClirInfoRecord.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53ClirInfoRecord.aidl
index e37a072..5ccd251 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53ClirInfoRecord.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CdmaT53ClirInfoRecord.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  * T53 CLIR Information Record
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CdmaT53ClirInfoRecord {
     byte cause;
 }
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CfData.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CfData.aidl
index f28c7c8..8f4c227 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CfData.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/CfData.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.voice.CallForwardInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable CfData {
     const int NUM_SERVICE_CLASSES = 7;
     /**
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/ClipStatus.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/ClipStatus.aidl
index 4b10ecc..4021471 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/ClipStatus.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/ClipStatus.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum ClipStatus {
     /**
      * CLIP provisioned
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/Dial.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/Dial.aidl
index 7d61fe5..ca028ad 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/Dial.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/Dial.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.voice.UusInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable Dial {
     /**
      * Use subscription default value
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyCallRouting.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyCallRouting.aidl
index 75a41c9..d623346 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyCallRouting.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyCallRouting.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum EmergencyCallRouting {
     /**
      * Indicates Android does not require how to handle the corresponding emergency call; it is
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyNumber.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyNumber.aidl
index 9fed78e..e380ce8 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyNumber.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyNumber.aidl
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
  *            RFC 5031
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable EmergencyNumber {
     /**
      * Indicates the number is from the network signal.
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyServiceCategory.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyServiceCategory.aidl
index cfebc47..a4ac7aa 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyServiceCategory.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/EmergencyServiceCategory.aidl
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
  */
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum EmergencyServiceCategory {
     /**
      * General emergency call, all categories
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCause.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCause.aidl
index 5e328d4..5c8c819 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCause.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCause.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum LastCallFailCause {
     UNOBTAINABLE_NUMBER = 1,
     NO_ROUTE_TO_DESTINATION = 3,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCauseInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCauseInfo.aidl
index 084bedd..078722a 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCauseInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/LastCallFailCauseInfo.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.voice.LastCallFailCause;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable LastCallFailCauseInfo {
     LastCallFailCause causeCode;
     String vendorCause;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/SrvccState.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/SrvccState.aidl
index ddf75db..08eb877 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/SrvccState.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/SrvccState.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum SrvccState {
     HANDOVER_STARTED,
     HANDOVER_COMPLETED,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/SsInfoData.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/SsInfoData.aidl
index d562925..b944bf4 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/SsInfoData.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/SsInfoData.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.radio.voice;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable SsInfoData {
     const int SS_INFO_MAX = 4;
     /**
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/StkCcUnsolSsResult.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/StkCcUnsolSsResult.aidl
index be1b611..7982275 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/StkCcUnsolSsResult.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/StkCcUnsolSsResult.aidl
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 import android.hardware.radio.voice.SsInfoData;
 
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable StkCcUnsolSsResult {
     const int REQUEST_TYPE_ACTIVATION = 0;
     const int REQUEST_TYPE_DEACTIVATION = 1;
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/TtyMode.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/TtyMode.aidl
index 81a846b..e8dd723 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/TtyMode.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/TtyMode.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum TtyMode {
     OFF,
     FULL,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/UssdModeType.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/UssdModeType.aidl
index 48d1fca..cece4bd 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/UssdModeType.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/UssdModeType.aidl
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 enum UssdModeType {
     /**
      * USSD-Notify
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/UusInfo.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/UusInfo.aidl
index 19e73f7..220a8fc 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/UusInfo.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/voice/UusInfo.aidl
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
  * User-to-User Signaling Information defined in 3GPP 23.087 v8.0
  */
 @VintfStability
+@JavaDerive(toString=true)
 parcelable UusInfo {
     /**
      * User specified protocol
diff --git a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/RadioNetwork.cpp b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/RadioNetwork.cpp
index 22b9ede..d5e2a8d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/RadioNetwork.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/RadioNetwork.cpp
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
 ScopedAStatus RadioNetwork::setNetworkSelectionModeManual(  //
         int32_t serial, const std::string& opNumeric, AccessNetwork ran) {
     LOG_CALL << serial;
-    mHal1_5->setNetworkSelectionModeManual_1_5(serial, opNumeric, V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks(ran));
+    mHal1_5->setNetworkSelectionModeManual_1_5(serial, opNumeric, toRadioAccessNetworks(ran));
     return ok();
 }
 
diff --git a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/structs.cpp b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/structs.cpp
index c1d9b35..d0b3b90 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/structs.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/structs.cpp
@@ -98,17 +98,56 @@
     return hidl;
 }
 
+AccessNetwork fromRadioAccessNetwork(V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks ran) {
+    switch (ran) {
+        case V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::UNKNOWN:
+            return AccessNetwork::UNKNOWN;
+        case V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN:
+            return AccessNetwork::GERAN;
+        case V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::UTRAN:
+            return AccessNetwork::UTRAN;
+        case V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::EUTRAN:
+            return AccessNetwork::EUTRAN;
+        case V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::CDMA2000:
+            return AccessNetwork::CDMA2000;
+        case V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::NGRAN:
+            return AccessNetwork::NGRAN;
+        default:
+            return AccessNetwork::UNKNOWN;
+    }
+}
+
 aidl::RadioAccessSpecifier toAidl(const V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier& spec) {
     return {
-            .accessNetwork = AccessNetwork(spec.radioAccessNetwork),
+            .accessNetwork = fromRadioAccessNetwork(spec.radioAccessNetwork),
             .bands = toAidl(spec.bands),
             .channels = spec.channels,
     };
 }
 
+V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks toRadioAccessNetworks(AccessNetwork val) {
+    switch (val) {
+        case AccessNetwork::UNKNOWN:
+            return V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::UNKNOWN;
+        case AccessNetwork::GERAN:
+            return V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN;
+        case AccessNetwork::UTRAN:
+            return V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::UTRAN;
+        case AccessNetwork::EUTRAN:
+            return V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::EUTRAN;
+        case AccessNetwork::CDMA2000:
+            return V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::CDMA2000;
+        case AccessNetwork::NGRAN:
+            return V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::NGRAN;
+        case AccessNetwork::IWLAN:
+        default:
+            return V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::UNKNOWN;
+    }
+}
+
 V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier toHidl(const aidl::RadioAccessSpecifier& spec) {
     return {
-            .radioAccessNetwork = V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks{spec.accessNetwork},
+            .radioAccessNetwork = toRadioAccessNetworks(spec.accessNetwork),
             .bands = toHidl(spec.bands),
             .channels = spec.channels,
     };
diff --git a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/structs.h b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/structs.h
index aaa49a0..6a9a219 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/structs.h
+++ b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/structs.h
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@
 
 ::aidl::android::hardware::radio::network::RadioAccessSpecifier  //
 toAidl(const V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier& spec);
+V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks  //
+toRadioAccessNetworks(::aidl::android::hardware::radio::AccessNetwork val);
 V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier  //
 toHidl(const ::aidl::android::hardware::radio::network::RadioAccessSpecifier& spec);
 
diff --git a/radio/aidl/vts/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/aidl/vts/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36381d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/aidl/vts/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioTargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioTargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioTargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="300000" /> <!-- 5 min -->
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioTargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/radio/aidl/vts/radio_aidl_hal_utils.cpp b/radio/aidl/vts/radio_aidl_hal_utils.cpp
index 1f73930..8618851 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/vts/radio_aidl_hal_utils.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/vts/radio_aidl_hal_utils.cpp
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@
 
 bool stringEndsWith(std::string const& string, std::string const& end) {
     if (string.size() >= end.size()) {
-        return (0 == string.compare(string.size() - end.size() - 1, end.size(), end));
+        return std::equal(end.rbegin(), end.rend(), string.rbegin());
     } else {
         return false;
     }
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
 bool isServiceValidForDeviceConfiguration(std::string& serviceName) {
     if (isSsSsEnabled()) {
         // Device is configured as SSSS.
-        if (stringEndsWith(serviceName, RADIO_SERVICE_SLOT1_NAME)) {
+        if (!stringEndsWith(serviceName, RADIO_SERVICE_SLOT1_NAME)) {
             ALOGI("%s instance is not valid for SSSS device.", serviceName.c_str());
             return false;
         }
diff --git a/radio/aidl/vts/radio_config_test.cpp b/radio/aidl/vts/radio_config_test.cpp
index a124907..83c4de0 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/vts/radio_config_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/vts/radio_config_test.cpp
@@ -24,11 +24,6 @@
 void RadioConfigTest::SetUp() {
     std::string serviceName = GetParam();
 
-    if (!isServiceValidForDeviceConfiguration(serviceName)) {
-        ALOGI("Skipped the test due to device configuration.");
-        GTEST_SKIP();
-    }
-
     radio_config = IRadioConfig::fromBinder(
             ndk::SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_waitForService(GetParam().c_str())));
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radio_config.get());
diff --git a/security/dice/aidl/default/Android.bp b/security/dice/aidl/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b67a44a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/security/dice/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+rust_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.security.dice-service.non-secure-software",
+    srcs: ["service.rs"],
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    vendor: true,
+    rustlibs: [
+        "android.hardware.security.dice-V1-rust",
+        "libdiced_open_dice_cbor",
+        "libdiced_sample_inputs",
+        "libdiced_vendor",
+        "libandroid_logger",
+        "libanyhow",
+        "libbinder_rs",
+        "liblog_rust",
+        "libserde",
+    ],
+    init_rc: ["android.hardware.security.dice-service.non-secure-software.rc"],
+    vintf_fragments: [
+        "android.hardware.security.dice-service.non-secure-software.xml",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/security/dice/aidl/default/android.hardware.security.dice-service.non-secure-software.rc b/security/dice/aidl/default/android.hardware.security.dice-service.non-secure-software.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..28e43c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/security/dice/aidl/default/android.hardware.security.dice-service.non-secure-software.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+service vendor.dice /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.security.dice-service.non-secure-software
+    class early_hal
+    user nobody
+    # The diced HAL cannot be allowed to restart. When it crashes for any reason.
+    # it loses security critical state. The only remedy is to restart the device.
+    # This may be implementation depended. It is safe to restart the HAL if the
+    # state change during a call to "demote" is is preserved.
+    # see android/hardware/security/dice/IDiceDevice.aidl for details on "demote".
+    oneshot
diff --git a/security/dice/aidl/default/android.hardware.security.dice-service.non-secure-software.xml b/security/dice/aidl/default/android.hardware.security.dice-service.non-secure-software.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..94ef243
--- /dev/null
+++ b/security/dice/aidl/default/android.hardware.security.dice-service.non-secure-software.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<manifest version="1.0" type="device">
+    <hal format="aidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.security.dice</name>
+        <fqname>IDiceDevice/default</fqname>
+    </hal>
+</manifest>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/security/dice/aidl/default/service.rs b/security/dice/aidl/default/service.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eebf333
--- /dev/null
+++ b/security/dice/aidl/default/service.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+// Copyright 2021, The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Main entry point for the android.hardware.security.dice service.
+
+use anyhow::Result;
+use diced::{
+    dice,
+    hal_node::{DiceArtifacts, DiceDevice, ResidentHal, UpdatableDiceArtifacts},
+};
+use diced_sample_inputs::make_sample_bcc_and_cdis;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::convert::TryInto;
+use std::panic;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+static DICE_HAL_SERVICE_NAME: &str = "android.hardware.security.dice.IDiceDevice/default";
+
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, Clone)]
+struct InsecureSerializableArtifacts {
+    cdi_attest: [u8; dice::CDI_SIZE],
+    cdi_seal: [u8; dice::CDI_SIZE],
+    bcc: Vec<u8>,
+}
+
+impl DiceArtifacts for InsecureSerializableArtifacts {
+    fn cdi_attest(&self) -> &[u8; dice::CDI_SIZE] {
+        &self.cdi_attest
+    }
+    fn cdi_seal(&self) -> &[u8; dice::CDI_SIZE] {
+        &self.cdi_seal
+    }
+    fn bcc(&self) -> Vec<u8> {
+        self.bcc.clone()
+    }
+}
+
+impl UpdatableDiceArtifacts for InsecureSerializableArtifacts {
+    fn with_artifacts<F, T>(&self, f: F) -> Result<T>
+    where
+        F: FnOnce(&dyn DiceArtifacts) -> Result<T>,
+    {
+        f(self)
+    }
+    fn update(self, new_artifacts: &impl DiceArtifacts) -> Result<Self> {
+        Ok(Self {
+            cdi_attest: *new_artifacts.cdi_attest(),
+            cdi_seal: *new_artifacts.cdi_seal(),
+            bcc: new_artifacts.bcc(),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    android_logger::init_once(
+        android_logger::Config::default()
+            .with_tag("android.hardware.security.dice")
+            .with_min_level(log::Level::Debug),
+    );
+    // Redirect panic messages to logcat.
+    panic::set_hook(Box::new(|panic_info| {
+        log::error!("{}", panic_info);
+    }));
+
+    // Saying hi.
+    log::info!("android.hardware.security.dice is starting.");
+
+    let (cdi_attest, cdi_seal, bcc) =
+        make_sample_bcc_and_cdis().expect("Failed to construct sample dice chain.");
+
+    let hal_impl = Arc::new(
+        unsafe {
+            // Safety: ResidentHal cannot be used in multi threaded processes.
+            // This service does not start a thread pool. The main thread is the only thread
+            // joining the thread pool, thereby keeping the process single threaded.
+            ResidentHal::new(InsecureSerializableArtifacts {
+                cdi_attest: cdi_attest[..]
+                    .try_into()
+                    .expect("Failed to convert cdi_attest to array reference."),
+                cdi_seal: cdi_seal[..]
+                    .try_into()
+                    .expect("Failed to convert cdi_seal to array reference."),
+                bcc,
+            })
+        }
+        .expect("Failed to create ResidentHal implementation."),
+    );
+
+    let hal = DiceDevice::new_as_binder(hal_impl).expect("Failed to construct hal service.");
+
+    binder::add_service(DICE_HAL_SERVICE_NAME, hal.as_binder())
+        .expect("Failed to register IDiceDevice Service");
+
+    log::info!("Joining thread pool now.");
+    binder::ProcessState::join_thread_pool();
+}
diff --git a/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp b/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5bc949
--- /dev/null
+++ b/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+rust_test {
+    name: "VtsAidlDiceTargetTest",
+    srcs: [
+        "dice_test.rs",
+    ],
+    require_root: true,
+    auto_gen_config: true,
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts",
+    ],
+
+    rustlibs: [
+        "android.hardware.security.dice-V1-rust",
+        "libanyhow",
+        "libbinder_rs",
+        "libdiced_open_dice_cbor",
+        "libdiced_sample_inputs",
+        "libdiced_utils",
+        "libkeystore2_vintf_rust",
+    ],
+}
+
+rust_test {
+    name: "VtsAidlDiceDemoteTargetTest",
+    srcs: [
+        "dice_demote_test.rs",
+    ],
+
+    test_config: "VtsAidlDiceDemoteTargetTest.xml",
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts",
+    ],
+
+    rustlibs: [
+        "android.hardware.security.dice-V1-rust",
+        "libanyhow",
+        "libbinder_rs",
+        "libdiced_open_dice_cbor",
+        "libdiced_sample_inputs",
+        "libdiced_utils",
+        "libkeystore2_vintf_rust",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/VtsAidlDiceDemoteTargetTest.xml b/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/VtsAidlDiceDemoteTargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2991580
--- /dev/null
+++ b/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/VtsAidlDiceDemoteTargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+<configuration description="Config to run VtsAidlDiceDemoteTargetTest device tests.">
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsAidlDiceDemoteTargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsAidlDiceDemoteTargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.rust.RustBinaryTest" >
+        <option name="test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsAidlDiceDemoteTargetTest" />
+    </test>
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RebootTargetPreparer" />
+
+</configuration>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/dice_demote_test.rs b/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/dice_demote_test.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02ff2a4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/dice_demote_test.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// Copyright 2021, The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use diced_open_dice_cbor as dice;
+use diced_sample_inputs;
+use diced_utils;
+use std::convert::TryInto;
+
+mod utils;
+use utils::with_connection;
+
+// This test calls derive with an empty argument vector, then demotes the HAL using
+// a set of three input values, and then calls derive with empty argument vector again.
+// It then performs the same three derivation steps on the result of the former and compares
+// the result to the result of the latter.
+#[test]
+fn demote_test() {
+    with_connection(|device| {
+        let input_values = diced_sample_inputs::get_input_values_vector();
+        let former = device.derive(&[]).expect("Trying to call derive.");
+        device
+            .demote(&input_values)
+            .expect("Trying to call demote with input values.");
+
+        let latter = device
+            .derive(&[])
+            .expect("Trying to call derive after demote.");
+
+        let artifacts = diced_utils::ResidentArtifacts::new(
+            former.cdiAttest[..].try_into().unwrap(),
+            former.cdiSeal[..].try_into().unwrap(),
+            &former.bcc.data,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+
+        let input_values: Vec<diced_utils::InputValues> = input_values
+            .iter()
+            .map(|v| v.into())
+            .collect();
+
+        let artifacts = artifacts
+            .execute_steps(input_values.iter().map(|v| v as &dyn dice::InputValues))
+            .unwrap();
+        let (cdi_attest, cdi_seal, bcc) = artifacts.into_tuple();
+        let from_former = diced_utils::make_bcc_handover(
+            cdi_attest[..].try_into().unwrap(),
+            cdi_seal[..].try_into().unwrap(),
+            &bcc,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        // TODO b/204938506 when we have a parser/verifier, check equivalence rather
+        // than bit by bit equality.
+        assert_eq!(latter, from_former);
+        Ok(())
+    })
+}
diff --git a/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/dice_test.rs b/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/dice_test.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..574b634
--- /dev/null
+++ b/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/dice_test.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// Copyright 2021, The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use diced_open_dice_cbor as dice;
+use diced_sample_inputs;
+use diced_utils;
+use std::convert::{TryInto, Into};
+
+mod utils;
+use utils::with_connection;
+
+static TEST_MESSAGE: &[u8] = &[
+    // "My test message!"
+    0x4d, 0x79, 0x20, 0x74, 0x65, 0x73, 0x74, 0x20, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x61, 0x67, 0x65, 0x21,
+    0x0a,
+];
+
+// This test calls derive with an empty argument vector and with a set of three input values.
+// It then performs the same three derivation steps on the result of the former and compares
+// the result to the result of the latter.
+#[test]
+fn equivalence_test() {
+    with_connection(|device| {
+        let input_values = diced_sample_inputs::get_input_values_vector();
+        let former = device.derive(&[]).expect("Trying to call derive.");
+        let latter = device
+            .derive(&input_values)
+            .expect("Trying to call derive with input values.");
+        let artifacts = diced_utils::ResidentArtifacts::new(
+            former.cdiAttest[..].try_into().unwrap(),
+            former.cdiSeal[..].try_into().unwrap(),
+            &former.bcc.data,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+
+        let input_values: Vec<diced_utils::InputValues> = input_values
+            .iter()
+            .map(|v| v.into())
+            .collect();
+
+        let artifacts = artifacts
+            .execute_steps(input_values.iter().map(|v| v as &dyn dice::InputValues))
+            .unwrap();
+        let (cdi_attest, cdi_seal, bcc) = artifacts.into_tuple();
+        let from_former = diced_utils::make_bcc_handover(
+            cdi_attest[..].try_into().unwrap(),
+            cdi_seal[..].try_into().unwrap(),
+            &bcc,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        // TODO b/204938506 when we have a parser/verifier, check equivalence rather
+        // than bit by bit equality.
+        assert_eq!(latter, from_former);
+        Ok(())
+    })
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn sign_and_verify() {
+    with_connection(|device| {
+        let _signature = device
+            .sign(&[], TEST_MESSAGE)
+            .expect("Trying to call sign.");
+
+        let _bcc = device
+            .getAttestationChain(&[])
+            .expect("Trying to call getAttestationChain.");
+        // TODO b/204938506 check the signature with the bcc when the verifier is available.
+        Ok(())
+    })
+}
diff --git a/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/utils.rs b/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/utils.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4e6708e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/security/dice/aidl/vts/functional/utils.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// Copyright 2021, The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use android_hardware_security_dice::aidl::android::hardware::security::dice::IDiceDevice::IDiceDevice;
+use anyhow::Result;
+use binder::Strong;
+use keystore2_vintf::get_aidl_instances;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+static DICE_DEVICE_SERVICE_NAME: &str = &"android.hardware.security.dice";
+static DICE_DEVICE_INTERFACE_NAME: &str = &"IDiceDevice";
+
+/// This function iterates through all announced IDiceDevice services and runs the given test
+/// closure against connections to each of them. It also modifies the panic hook to indicate
+/// on which instance the test failed in case the test closure panics.
+pub fn with_connection<R, F>(test: F)
+where
+    F: Fn(&Strong<dyn IDiceDevice>) -> Result<R>,
+{
+    let instances = get_aidl_instances(DICE_DEVICE_SERVICE_NAME, 1, DICE_DEVICE_INTERFACE_NAME);
+    let panic_hook = Arc::new(std::panic::take_hook());
+    for i in instances.into_iter() {
+        let panic_hook_clone = panic_hook.clone();
+        let instance_clone = i.clone();
+        std::panic::set_hook(Box::new(move |v| {
+            println!("While testing instance: \"{}\"", instance_clone);
+            panic_hook_clone(v)
+        }));
+        let connection: Strong<dyn IDiceDevice> = binder::get_interface(&format!(
+            "{}.{}/{}",
+            DICE_DEVICE_SERVICE_NAME, DICE_DEVICE_INTERFACE_NAME, i
+        ))
+        .unwrap();
+        test(&connection).unwrap();
+        drop(std::panic::take_hook());
+    }
+    // Cannot call unwrap here because the panic hook is not Debug.
+    std::panic::set_hook(match Arc::try_unwrap(panic_hook) {
+        Ok(hook) => hook,
+        _ => panic!("Failed to unwrap and reset previous panic hook."),
+    })
+}
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/KeyCreationResult.aidl b/security/keymint/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/KeyCreationResult.aidl
index 16bbc5c..57285a3 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/KeyCreationResult.aidl
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/KeyCreationResult.aidl
@@ -61,13 +61,15 @@
      * the non-attestation case, whether the key can self-sign.
      *
      * 1.  Asymmetric key attestation with factory key.  If Tag::ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE is provided
-     *     and the `attestationKey` parameter on the generate/import call is null, the returned
+     *     and the `attestationKey` parameter on the generate/import call is null, and if the
+     *     KeyMint implementation supports factory-provisioned attestation keys, the returned
      *     certificate chain must contain an attestation certificate signed with a factory-
      *     provisioned attestation key, and the full certificate chain for that factory-provisioned
      *     attestation key.  Tag::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID must also be provided when the
      *     ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE is provided, otherwise ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID_MISSING will be
      *     returned.  KeyMint implementations are not required to support factory-provisioned
-     *     attestation keys.
+     *     attestation keys. If the KeyMint implementation does not support factory-provisioned
+     *     keys, it must return ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED.
      *
      * 2.  Asymmetric key attestation with caller-provided key.  If Tag::ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE is
      *     provided and the `attestationKey` parameter on the generate/import call is non-null and
@@ -78,15 +80,16 @@
      *     provided, otherwise ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID_MISSING will be returned.
      *
      * 3.  Asymmetric key non-attestation with signing key.  If Tag::ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE is not
-     *     provided and the generated/imported key has KeyPurpose::SIGN, then the returned
-     *     certificate chain must contain only a single self-signed certificate with no attestation
-     *     extension.  Tag::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID will be ignored if provided.
+     *     provided and the generated/imported key has KeyPurpose::SIGN or KeyPurpose::ATTEST_KEY,
+     *     then the returned certificate chain must contain only a single self-signed certificate
+     *     with no attestation extension.  Tag::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID will be ignored if
+     *     provided.
      *
      * 4.  Asymmetric key non-attestation with non-signing key.  If TAG::ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE is
-     *     not provided and the generated/imported key does not have KeyPurpose::SIGN, then the
-     *     returned certificate chain must contain only a single certificate with an empty signature
-     *     and no attestation extension.  Tag::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID will be ignored if
-     *     provided.
+     *     not provided and the generated/imported key does not have KeyPurpose::SIGN nor
+     *     KeyPurpose::ATTEST_KEY, then the returned certificate chain must contain only a single
+     *     certificate with an empty signature and no attestation extension.
+     *     Tag::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID will be ignored if provided.
      *
      * 5.  Symmetric key.  If the generated/imported key is symmetric, the certificate chain must
      *     return empty, any Tag::ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE or Tag::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID inputs,
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/ProtectedData.aidl b/security/keymint/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/ProtectedData.aidl
index a14fc88..5024400 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/ProtectedData.aidl
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/ProtectedData.aidl
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@
      *         },
      *         {},                   // Unprotected params
      *         bstr .size 32,                  // MAC key
-     *         bstr PureEd25519(KM_priv, .cbor SignedMac_structure) /
-     *              ECDSA(KM_priv, bstr .cbor SignedMac_structure)
+     *         bstr // PureEd25519(KM_priv, bstr .cbor SignedMac_structure) /
+     *              // ECDSA(KM_priv, bstr .cbor SignedMac_structure)
      *     ]
      *
      *     SignedMac_structure = [
@@ -144,8 +144,8 @@
      *         },
      *         unprotected: {},
      *         payload: bstr .cbor BccPayload,
-     *         signature: bstr .cbor PureEd25519(SigningKey, bstr .cbor BccEntryInput) /
-     *                    bstr .cbor ECDSA(SigningKey, bstr .cbor BccEntryInput)
+     *         signature: bstr // PureEd25519(SigningKey, bstr .cbor BccEntryInput) /
+     *                         // ECDSA(SigningKey, bstr .cbor BccEntryInput)
      *         // See RFC 8032 for details of how to encode the signature value for Ed25519.
      *     ]
      *
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/default/TEST_MAPPING b/security/keymint/aidl/default/TEST_MAPPING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2400ccd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/default/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "presubmit" : [
+    {
+      "name" : "vts_treble_vintf_framework_test"
+    }
+  ]
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/default/android.hardware.hardware_keystore.xml b/security/keymint/aidl/default/android.hardware.hardware_keystore.xml
index e5a9345..2ebf1fe 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/default/android.hardware.hardware_keystore.xml
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/default/android.hardware.hardware_keystore.xml
@@ -14,5 +14,5 @@
      limitations under the License.
 -->
 <permissions>
-  <feature name="android.hardware.hardware_keystore" version="100" />
+  <feature name="android.hardware.hardware_keystore" version="200" />
 </permissions>
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/default/android.hardware.security.keymint-service.xml b/security/keymint/aidl/default/android.hardware.security.keymint-service.xml
index 4aa05ef..a4d0302 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/default/android.hardware.security.keymint-service.xml
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/default/android.hardware.security.keymint-service.xml
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
 <manifest version="1.0" type="device">
     <hal format="aidl">
         <name>android.hardware.security.keymint</name>
+        <version>2</version>
         <fqname>IKeyMintDevice/default</fqname>
     </hal>
     <hal format="aidl">
         <name>android.hardware.security.keymint</name>
+        <version>2</version>
         <fqname>IRemotelyProvisionedComponent/default</fqname>
     </hal>
 </manifest>
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AttestKeyTest.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AttestKeyTest.cpp
index 8a26b3c..0bab54c 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AttestKeyTest.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AttestKeyTest.cpp
@@ -183,6 +183,14 @@
  * This test attempts to create an RSA attestation key that also allows signing.
  */
 TEST_P(AttestKeyTest, RsaAttestKeyMultiPurposeFail) {
+    if (AidlVersion() < 2) {
+        // The KeyMint v1 spec required that KeyPurpose::ATTEST_KEY not be combined
+        // with other key purposes.  However, this was not checked at the time
+        // so we can only be strict about checking this for implementations of KeyMint
+        // version 2 and above.
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Single-purpose for KeyPurpose::ATTEST_KEY only strict since KeyMint v2";
+    }
+
     vector<uint8_t> attest_key_blob;
     vector<KeyCharacteristics> attest_key_characteristics;
     vector<Certificate> attest_key_cert_chain;
@@ -453,6 +461,13 @@
  * This test attempts to create an EC attestation key that also allows signing.
  */
 TEST_P(AttestKeyTest, EcAttestKeyMultiPurposeFail) {
+    if (AidlVersion() < 2) {
+        // The KeyMint v1 spec required that KeyPurpose::ATTEST_KEY not be combined
+        // with other key purposes.  However, this was not checked at the time
+        // so we can only be strict about checking this for implementations of KeyMint
+        // version 2 and above.
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Single-purpose for KeyPurpose::ATTEST_KEY only strict since KeyMint v2";
+    }
     vector<uint8_t> attest_key_blob;
     vector<KeyCharacteristics> attest_key_characteristics;
     vector<Certificate> attest_key_cert_chain;
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp
index ff4036c..f9510d3 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp
@@ -312,6 +312,30 @@
     return GenerateKey(key_desc, attest_key, &key_blob_, &key_characteristics_, &cert_chain_);
 }
 
+ErrorCode KeyMintAidlTestBase::GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+        const AuthorizationSet& attest_key_desc, const AuthorizationSet& key_desc,
+        vector<uint8_t>* key_blob, vector<KeyCharacteristics>* key_characteristics,
+        vector<Certificate>* cert_chain) {
+    AttestationKey attest_key;
+    vector<Certificate> attest_cert_chain;
+    vector<KeyCharacteristics> attest_key_characteristics;
+    // Generate a key with self signed attestation.
+    auto error = GenerateKey(attest_key_desc, std::nullopt, &attest_key.keyBlob,
+                             &attest_key_characteristics, &attest_cert_chain);
+    if (error != ErrorCode::OK) {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    attest_key.issuerSubjectName = make_name_from_str("Android Keystore Key");
+    // Generate a key, by passing the above self signed attestation key as attest key.
+    error = GenerateKey(key_desc, attest_key, key_blob, key_characteristics, cert_chain);
+    if (error == ErrorCode::OK) {
+        // Append the attest_cert_chain to the attested cert_chain to yield a valid cert chain.
+        cert_chain->push_back(attest_cert_chain[0]);
+    }
+    return error;
+}
+
 ErrorCode KeyMintAidlTestBase::ImportKey(const AuthorizationSet& key_desc, KeyFormat format,
                                          const string& key_material, vector<uint8_t>* key_blob,
                                          vector<KeyCharacteristics>* key_characteristics) {
@@ -665,6 +689,81 @@
             AuthorizationSetBuilder().Digest(digest).Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, mac_length));
 }
 
+void KeyMintAidlTestBase::CheckAesIncrementalEncryptOperation(BlockMode block_mode,
+                                                              int message_size) {
+    auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                           .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                           .AesEncryptionKey(128)
+                           .BlockMode(block_mode)
+                           .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE);
+    if (block_mode == BlockMode::GCM) {
+        builder.Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128);
+    }
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(builder));
+
+    for (int increment = 1; increment <= message_size; ++increment) {
+        string message(message_size, 'a');
+        auto params = AuthorizationSetBuilder().BlockMode(block_mode).Padding(PaddingMode::NONE);
+        if (block_mode == BlockMode::GCM) {
+            params.Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, 128) /* for GCM */;
+        }
+
+        AuthorizationSet output_params;
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, params, &output_params));
+
+        string ciphertext;
+        string to_send;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < message.size(); i += increment) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Update(message.substr(i, increment), &ciphertext));
+        }
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Finish(to_send, &ciphertext))
+                << "Error sending " << to_send << " with block mode " << block_mode;
+
+        switch (block_mode) {
+            case BlockMode::GCM:
+                EXPECT_EQ(message.size() + 16, ciphertext.size());
+                break;
+            case BlockMode::CTR:
+                EXPECT_EQ(message.size(), ciphertext.size());
+                break;
+            case BlockMode::CBC:
+            case BlockMode::ECB:
+                EXPECT_EQ(message.size() + message.size() % 16, ciphertext.size());
+                break;
+        }
+
+        auto iv = output_params.GetTagValue(TAG_NONCE);
+        switch (block_mode) {
+            case BlockMode::CBC:
+            case BlockMode::GCM:
+            case BlockMode::CTR:
+                ASSERT_TRUE(iv) << "No IV for block mode " << block_mode;
+                EXPECT_EQ(block_mode == BlockMode::GCM ? 12U : 16U, iv->get().size());
+                params.push_back(TAG_NONCE, iv->get());
+                break;
+
+            case BlockMode::ECB:
+                EXPECT_FALSE(iv) << "ECB mode should not generate IV";
+                break;
+        }
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::DECRYPT, params))
+                << "Decrypt begin() failed for block mode " << block_mode;
+
+        string plaintext;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < ciphertext.size(); i += increment) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Update(ciphertext.substr(i, increment), &plaintext));
+        }
+        ErrorCode error = Finish(to_send, &plaintext);
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, error) << "Decryption failed for block mode " << block_mode
+                                        << " and increment " << increment;
+        if (error == ErrorCode::OK) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(message, plaintext) << "Decryption didn't match for block mode " << block_mode
+                                          << " and increment " << increment;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 void KeyMintAidlTestBase::CheckHmacTestVector(const string& key, const string& message,
                                               Digest digest, const string& expected_mac) {
     SCOPED_TRACE("CheckHmacTestVector");
@@ -1544,7 +1643,7 @@
         EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_state, VerifiedBoot::FAILED);
     } else {
         EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_state, VerifiedBoot::UNVERIFIED);
-        EXPECT_NE(0, memcmp(verified_boot_key.data(), empty_boot_key.data(),
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp(verified_boot_key.data(), empty_boot_key.data(),
                             verified_boot_key.size()));
     }
 
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.h b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.h
index 6fb5bf5..602dcaf 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.h
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.h
@@ -96,6 +96,21 @@
     ErrorCode GenerateKey(const AuthorizationSet& key_desc,
                           const optional<AttestationKey>& attest_key = std::nullopt);
 
+    // Generate key for implementations which do not support factory attestation.
+    ErrorCode GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(const AuthorizationSet& attest_key_desc,
+                                                 const AuthorizationSet& key_desc,
+                                                 vector<uint8_t>* key_blob,
+                                                 vector<KeyCharacteristics>* key_characteristics,
+                                                 vector<Certificate>* cert_chain);
+
+    ErrorCode GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(const AuthorizationSet& attest_key_desc,
+                                                 const AuthorizationSet& key_desc,
+                                                 vector<uint8_t>* key_blob,
+                                                 vector<KeyCharacteristics>* key_characteristics) {
+        return GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(attest_key_desc, key_desc, key_blob,
+                                                  key_characteristics, &cert_chain_);
+    }
+
     ErrorCode ImportKey(const AuthorizationSet& key_desc, KeyFormat format,
                         const string& key_material, vector<uint8_t>* key_blob,
                         vector<KeyCharacteristics>* key_characteristics);
@@ -169,6 +184,8 @@
 
     string MacMessage(const string& message, Digest digest, size_t mac_length);
 
+    void CheckAesIncrementalEncryptOperation(BlockMode block_mode, int message_size);
+
     void CheckHmacTestVector(const string& key, const string& message, Digest digest,
                              const string& expected_mac);
 
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintTest.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintTest.cpp
index 38abe81..3aa09fa 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintTest.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintTest.cpp
@@ -1067,22 +1067,30 @@
     for (auto key_size : ValidKeySizes(Algorithm::RSA)) {
         vector<uint8_t> key_blob;
         vector<KeyCharacteristics> key_characteristics;
-        auto result = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                          .RsaSigningKey(key_size, 65537)
-                                          .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                          .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
-                                          .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
-                                          .AttestationApplicationId(app_id)
-                                          .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                          .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SERIAL, serial_blob)
-                                          .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SUBJECT, subject_der)
-                                          .SetDefaultValidity(),
-                                  &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+        auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                               .RsaSigningKey(key_size, 65537)
+                               .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                               .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
+                               .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
+                               .AttestationApplicationId(app_id)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SERIAL, serial_blob)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SUBJECT, subject_der)
+                               .SetDefaultValidity();
+
+        auto result = GenerateKey(builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
         // Strongbox may not support factory provisioned attestation key.
         if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
-            if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) return;
+            if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+                result = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+                        AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                .RsaKey(key_size, 65537)
+                                .AttestKey()
+                                .SetDefaultValidity(), /* attest key params */
+                        builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+            }
         }
-
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, result);
         ASSERT_GT(key_blob.size(), 0U);
         CheckBaseParams(key_characteristics);
         CheckCharacteristics(key_blob, key_characteristics);
@@ -1203,19 +1211,27 @@
 
     vector<uint8_t> key_blob;
     vector<KeyCharacteristics> key_characteristics;
-    auto result = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                      .RsaEncryptionKey(key_size, 65537)
-                                      .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
-                                      .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
-                                      .AttestationApplicationId(app_id)
-                                      .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                      .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SERIAL, serial_blob)
-                                      .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SUBJECT, subject_der)
-                                      .SetDefaultValidity(),
-                              &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+    auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                           .RsaEncryptionKey(key_size, 65537)
+                           .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
+                           .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
+                           .AttestationApplicationId(app_id)
+                           .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                           .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SERIAL, serial_blob)
+                           .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SUBJECT, subject_der)
+                           .SetDefaultValidity();
+
+    auto result = GenerateKey(builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
     // Strongbox may not support factory provisioned attestation key.
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
-        if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) return;
+        if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+            result = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+                    AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                            .RsaKey(key_size, 65537)
+                            .AttestKey()
+                            .SetDefaultValidity(), /* attest key params */
+                    builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+        }
     }
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, result);
 
@@ -1319,17 +1335,25 @@
     vector<uint8_t> key_blob;
     vector<KeyCharacteristics> key_characteristics;
 
-    auto result = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                      .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
-                                      .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                      .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
-                                      .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
-                                      .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                      .SetDefaultValidity(),
-                              &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+    auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                           .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
+                           .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                           .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
+                           .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
+                           .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                           .SetDefaultValidity();
+
+    auto result = GenerateKey(builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
     // Strongbox may not support factory provisioned attestation key.
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
-        if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) return;
+        if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+            result = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+                    AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                            .RsaKey(2048, 65537)
+                            .AttestKey()
+                            .SetDefaultValidity(), /* attest key params */
+                    builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+        }
     }
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID_MISSING, result);
 }
@@ -1441,21 +1465,29 @@
     for (auto key_size : ValidKeySizes(Algorithm::RSA)) {
         vector<uint8_t> key_blob;
         vector<KeyCharacteristics> key_characteristics;
-        auto result = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                          .RsaSigningKey(key_size, 65537)
-                                          .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                          .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
-                                          .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
-                                          .AttestationApplicationId(app_id)
-                                          .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                          .Authorization(TAG_USAGE_COUNT_LIMIT, 1)
-                                          .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SERIAL, serial_blob)
-                                          .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SUBJECT, subject_der)
-                                          .SetDefaultValidity(),
-                                  &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+        auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                               .RsaSigningKey(key_size, 65537)
+                               .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                               .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
+                               .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
+                               .AttestationApplicationId(app_id)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_USAGE_COUNT_LIMIT, 1)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SERIAL, serial_blob)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SUBJECT, subject_der)
+                               .SetDefaultValidity();
+
+        auto result = GenerateKey(builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
         // Strongbox may not support factory provisioned attestation key.
         if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
-            if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) return;
+            if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+                result = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+                        AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                .RsaKey(key_size, 65537)
+                                .AttestKey()
+                                .SetDefaultValidity(), /* attest key params */
+                        builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+            }
         }
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, result);
 
@@ -1676,19 +1708,27 @@
     for (auto curve : ValidCurves()) {
         vector<uint8_t> key_blob;
         vector<KeyCharacteristics> key_characteristics;
-        auto result = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                          .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                          .EcdsaSigningKey(curve)
-                                          .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                          .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
-                                          .AttestationApplicationId(app_id)
-                                          .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SERIAL, serial_blob)
-                                          .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SUBJECT, subject_der)
-                                          .SetDefaultValidity(),
-                                  &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+        auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                               .EcdsaSigningKey(curve)
+                               .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                               .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
+                               .AttestationApplicationId(app_id)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SERIAL, serial_blob)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SUBJECT, subject_der)
+                               .SetDefaultValidity();
+
+        auto result = GenerateKey(builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
         // Strongbox may not support factory provisioned attestation key.
         if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
-            if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) return;
+            if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+                result = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+                        AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                .EcdsaKey(curve)
+                                .AttestKey()
+                                .SetDefaultValidity(), /* attest key params */
+                        builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+            }
         }
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, result);
         ASSERT_GT(key_blob.size(), 0U);
@@ -1826,7 +1866,14 @@
         }
         // Strongbox may not support factory provisioned attestation key.
         if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
-            if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) return;
+            if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+                result = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+                        AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                .EcdsaKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                                .AttestKey()
+                                .SetDefaultValidity(), /* attest key params */
+                        builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+            }
         }
         ASSERT_EQ(result, ErrorCode::OK);
         ASSERT_GT(key_blob.size(), 0U);
@@ -1878,8 +1925,20 @@
                         .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SUBJECT, subject_der)
                         .SetDefaultValidity();
         builder.push_back(tag);
-        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS,
-                  GenerateKey(builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics));
+
+        auto error = GenerateKey(builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+        // Strongbox may not support factory provisioned attestation key.
+        if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
+            if (error == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+                error = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+                        AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                .EcdsaKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                                .AttestKey()
+                                .SetDefaultValidity(), /* attest key params */
+                        builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+            }
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(error, ErrorCode::CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS);
     }
 }
 
@@ -1984,8 +2043,18 @@
         if (reset) {
             builder.Authorization(TAG_RESET_SINCE_ID_ROTATION);
         }
-
-        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(builder));
+        auto result = GenerateKey(builder);
+        if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
+            if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+                result = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+                        AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                .EcdsaKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                                .AttestKey()
+                                .SetDefaultValidity(), /* attest key params */
+                        builder, &key_blob_, &key_characteristics_, &cert_chain_);
+            }
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, result);
         ASSERT_GT(key_blob_.size(), 0U);
 
         EXPECT_TRUE(ChainSignaturesAreValid(cert_chain_));
@@ -2072,21 +2141,29 @@
     // to confirm that this field never makes it into the attestation extension.
     vector<uint8_t> key_blob;
     vector<KeyCharacteristics> key_characteristics;
-    auto result = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                      .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                      .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
-                                      .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                      .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
-                                      .AttestationApplicationId(attest_app_id)
-                                      .Authorization(TAG_APPLICATION_ID, "client_id")
-                                      .Authorization(TAG_APPLICATION_DATA, "appdata")
-                                      .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SERIAL, serial_blob)
-                                      .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SUBJECT, subject_der)
-                                      .SetDefaultValidity(),
-                              &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+    auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                           .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                           .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                           .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                           .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
+                           .AttestationApplicationId(attest_app_id)
+                           .Authorization(TAG_APPLICATION_ID, "client_id")
+                           .Authorization(TAG_APPLICATION_DATA, "appdata")
+                           .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SERIAL, serial_blob)
+                           .Authorization(TAG_CERTIFICATE_SUBJECT, subject_der)
+                           .SetDefaultValidity();
+
+    auto result = GenerateKey(builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
     // Strongbox may not support factory provisioned attestation key.
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
-        if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) return;
+        if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+            result = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+                    AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                            .EcdsaKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                            .AttestKey()
+                            .SetDefaultValidity(), /* attest key params */
+                    builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+        }
     }
     ASSERT_EQ(result, ErrorCode::OK);
     ASSERT_GT(key_blob.size(), 0U);
@@ -2166,16 +2243,23 @@
     auto challenge = "hello";
     vector<uint8_t> key_blob;
     vector<KeyCharacteristics> key_characteristics;
+    auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                           .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                           .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                           .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
+                           .SetDefaultValidity();
 
-    auto result = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                      .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
-                                      .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                      .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
-                                      .SetDefaultValidity(),
-                              &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+    auto result = GenerateKey(builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
     // Strongbox may not support factory provisioned attestation key.
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
-        if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) return;
+        if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+            result = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+                    AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                            .EcdsaKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                            .AttestKey()
+                            .SetDefaultValidity(), /* attest key params */
+                    builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+        }
     }
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID_MISSING, result);
 }
@@ -2234,17 +2318,25 @@
         const string app_id(length, 'a');
         vector<uint8_t> key_blob;
         vector<KeyCharacteristics> key_characteristics;
-        auto result = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                          .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                          .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
-                                          .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                          .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
-                                          .AttestationApplicationId(app_id)
-                                          .SetDefaultValidity(),
-                                  &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+        auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                               .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                               .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                               .AttestationChallenge(challenge)
+                               .AttestationApplicationId(app_id)
+                               .SetDefaultValidity();
+
+        auto result = GenerateKey(builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
         // Strongbox may not support factory provisioned attestation key.
         if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
-            if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) return;
+            if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+                result = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+                        AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                .EcdsaKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                                .AttestKey()
+                                .SetDefaultValidity(), /* attest key params */
+                        builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
+            }
         }
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, result);
         ASSERT_GT(key_blob.size(), 0U);
@@ -3821,6 +3913,13 @@
  * Verifies that importing an RSA key pair with purpose ATTEST_KEY+SIGN fails.
  */
 TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaAttestMultiPurposeFail) {
+    if (AidlVersion() < 2) {
+        // The KeyMint v1 spec required that KeyPurpose::ATTEST_KEY not be combined
+        // with other key purposes.  However, this was not checked at the time
+        // so we can only be strict about checking this for implementations of KeyMint
+        // version 2 and above.
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Single-purpose for KeyPurpose::ATTEST_KEY only strict since KeyMint v2";
+    }
     uint32_t key_size = 2048;
     string key = rsa_2048_key;
 
@@ -3959,6 +4058,13 @@
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-256 key pair with purpose ATTEST_KEY+SIGN fails.
  */
 TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaAttestMultiPurposeFail) {
+    if (AidlVersion() < 2) {
+        // The KeyMint v1 spec required that KeyPurpose::ATTEST_KEY not be combined
+        // with other key purposes.  However, this was not checked at the time
+        // so we can only be strict about checking this for implementations of KeyMint
+        // version 2 and above.
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Single-purpose for KeyPurpose::ATTEST_KEY only strict since KeyMint v2";
+    }
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::INCOMPATIBLE_PURPOSE,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                 .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -5441,89 +5547,39 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * EncryptionOperationsTest.AesIncremental
+ * EncryptionOperationsTest.AesEcbIncremental
  *
- * Verifies that AES works, all modes, when provided data in various size increments.
+ * Verifies that AES works for ECB block mode, when provided data in various size increments.
  */
-TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesIncremental) {
-    auto block_modes = {
-            BlockMode::ECB,
-            BlockMode::CBC,
-            BlockMode::CTR,
-            BlockMode::GCM,
-    };
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbIncremental) {
+    CheckAesIncrementalEncryptOperation(BlockMode::ECB, 240);
+}
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                                 .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                                 .AesEncryptionKey(128)
-                                                 .BlockMode(block_modes)
-                                                 .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
-                                                 .Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)));
+/*
+ * EncryptionOperationsTest.AesCbcIncremental
+ *
+ * Verifies that AES works for CBC block mode, when provided data in various size increments.
+ */
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCbcIncremental) {
+    CheckAesIncrementalEncryptOperation(BlockMode::CBC, 240);
+}
 
-    for (int increment = 1; increment <= 240; ++increment) {
-        for (auto block_mode : block_modes) {
-            string message(240, 'a');
-            auto params =
-                    AuthorizationSetBuilder().BlockMode(block_mode).Padding(PaddingMode::NONE);
-            if (block_mode == BlockMode::GCM) {
-                params.Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, 128) /* for GCM */;
-            }
+/*
+ * EncryptionOperationsTest.AesCtrIncremental
+ *
+ * Verifies that AES works for CTR block mode, when provided data in various size increments.
+ */
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrIncremental) {
+    CheckAesIncrementalEncryptOperation(BlockMode::CTR, 240);
+}
 
-            AuthorizationSet output_params;
-            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, params, &output_params));
-
-            string ciphertext;
-            string to_send;
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < message.size(); i += increment) {
-                EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Update(message.substr(i, increment), &ciphertext));
-            }
-            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Finish(to_send, &ciphertext))
-                    << "Error sending " << to_send << " with block mode " << block_mode;
-
-            switch (block_mode) {
-                case BlockMode::GCM:
-                    EXPECT_EQ(message.size() + 16, ciphertext.size());
-                    break;
-                case BlockMode::CTR:
-                    EXPECT_EQ(message.size(), ciphertext.size());
-                    break;
-                case BlockMode::CBC:
-                case BlockMode::ECB:
-                    EXPECT_EQ(message.size() + message.size() % 16, ciphertext.size());
-                    break;
-            }
-
-            auto iv = output_params.GetTagValue(TAG_NONCE);
-            switch (block_mode) {
-                case BlockMode::CBC:
-                case BlockMode::GCM:
-                case BlockMode::CTR:
-                    ASSERT_TRUE(iv) << "No IV for block mode " << block_mode;
-                    EXPECT_EQ(block_mode == BlockMode::GCM ? 12U : 16U, iv->get().size());
-                    params.push_back(TAG_NONCE, iv->get());
-                    break;
-
-                case BlockMode::ECB:
-                    EXPECT_FALSE(iv) << "ECB mode should not generate IV";
-                    break;
-            }
-
-            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::DECRYPT, params))
-                    << "Decrypt begin() failed for block mode " << block_mode;
-
-            string plaintext;
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < ciphertext.size(); i += increment) {
-                EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Update(ciphertext.substr(i, increment), &plaintext));
-            }
-            ErrorCode error = Finish(to_send, &plaintext);
-            ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, error) << "Decryption failed for block mode " << block_mode
-                                            << " and increment " << increment;
-            if (error == ErrorCode::OK) {
-                ASSERT_EQ(message, plaintext) << "Decryption didn't match for block mode "
-                                              << block_mode << " and increment " << increment;
-            }
-        }
-    }
+/*
+ * EncryptionOperationsTest.AesGcmIncremental
+ *
+ * Verifies that AES works for GCM block mode, when provided data in various size increments.
+ */
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmIncremental) {
+    CheckAesIncrementalEncryptOperation(BlockMode::GCM, 240);
 }
 
 struct AesCtrSp80038aTestVector {
@@ -7463,15 +7519,26 @@
 
     void GenerateKeyMintEcKey(EcCurve curve, EVP_PKEY_Ptr* kmPubKey) {
         vector<uint8_t> challenge = {0x41, 0x42};
-        ErrorCode result =
-                GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                    .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                    .Authorization(TAG_EC_CURVE, curve)
-                                    .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::AGREE_KEY)
-                                    .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC)
-                                    .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, {0x61, 0x62})
-                                    .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE, challenge)
-                                    .SetDefaultValidity());
+        auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_EC_CURVE, curve)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::AGREE_KEY)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC)
+                               .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, {0x61, 0x62})
+                               .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE, challenge)
+                               .SetDefaultValidity();
+        ErrorCode result = GenerateKey(builder);
+
+        if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
+            if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+                result = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(
+                        AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                .EcdsaKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                                .AttestKey()
+                                .SetDefaultValidity(), /* attest key params */
+                        builder, &key_blob_, &key_characteristics_, &cert_chain_);
+            }
+        }
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, result) << "Failed to generate key";
         ASSERT_GT(cert_chain_.size(), 0);
         X509_Ptr kmKeyCert(parse_cert_blob(cert_chain_[0].encodedCertificate));
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/SecureElementProvisioningTest.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/SecureElementProvisioningTest.cpp
index e16a47b..6f13867 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/SecureElementProvisioningTest.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/SecureElementProvisioningTest.cpp
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 
 class SecureElementProvisioningTest : public testing::Test {
   protected:
-    static void SetupTestSuite() {
+    static void SetUpTestSuite() {
         auto params = ::android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IKeyMintDevice::descriptor);
         for (auto& param : params) {
             ASSERT_TRUE(AServiceManager_isDeclared(param.c_str()))
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@
 map<SecurityLevel, shared_ptr<IKeyMintDevice>> SecureElementProvisioningTest::keymints_;
 
 TEST_F(SecureElementProvisioningTest, ValidConfigurations) {
+    if (keymints_.empty()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test not applicable to device with no KeyMint devices";
+    }
     // TEE is required
     ASSERT_EQ(keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT), 1);
     // StrongBox is optional
@@ -70,6 +73,9 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(SecureElementProvisioningTest, TeeOnly) {
+    if (keymints_.empty()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test not applicable to device with no KeyMint devices";
+    }
     ASSERT_EQ(keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT), 1);
     auto tee = keymints_.find(SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT)->second;
     ASSERT_NE(tee, nullptr);
@@ -105,6 +111,9 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(SecureElementProvisioningTest, TeeDoesNotImplementStrongBoxMethods) {
+    if (keymints_.empty()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test not applicable to device with no KeyMint devices";
+    }
     ASSERT_EQ(keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT), 1);
     auto tee = keymints_.find(SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT)->second;
     ASSERT_NE(tee, nullptr);
@@ -122,7 +131,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(SecureElementProvisioningTest, StrongBoxDoesNotImplementTeeMethods) {
-    if (keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) == 0) return;
+    if (keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) == 0) {
+        // Need a StrongBox to provision.
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test not applicable to device with no StrongBox KeyMint device";
+    }
 
     auto sb = keymints_.find(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX)->second;
     ASSERT_NE(sb, nullptr);
@@ -135,7 +147,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(SecureElementProvisioningTest, UnimplementedTest) {
-    if (keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) == 0) return;  // Need a StrongBox to provision.
+    if (keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) == 0) {
+        // Need a StrongBox to provision.
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test not applicable to device with no StrongBox KeyMint device";
+    }
 
     ASSERT_EQ(keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT), 1);
     auto tee = keymints_.find(SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT)->second;
@@ -166,7 +181,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(SecureElementProvisioningTest, ChallengeQualityTest) {
-    if (keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) == 0) return;  // Need a StrongBox to provision.
+    if (keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) == 0) {
+        // Need a StrongBox to provision.
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test not applicable to device with no StrongBox KeyMint device";
+    }
 
     ASSERT_EQ(keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX), 1);
     auto sb = keymints_.find(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX)->second;
@@ -186,7 +204,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(SecureElementProvisioningTest, ProvisioningTest) {
-    if (keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) == 0) return;  // Need a StrongBox to provision.
+    if (keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) == 0) {
+        // Need a StrongBox to provision.
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test not applicable to device with no StrongBox KeyMint device";
+    }
 
     ASSERT_EQ(keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT), 1);
     auto tee = keymints_.find(SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT)->second;
@@ -215,7 +236,10 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(SecureElementProvisioningTest, InvalidProvisioningTest) {
-    if (keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) == 0) return;  // Need a StrongBox to provision.
+    if (keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) == 0) {
+        // Need a StrongBox to provision.
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Test not applicable to device with no StrongBox KeyMint device";
+    }
 
     ASSERT_EQ(keymints_.count(SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT), 1);
     auto tee = keymints_.find(SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT)->second;
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests.cpp
index e2d75ce..3cc11f6 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests.cpp
@@ -185,6 +185,7 @@
             provisionable_ = IRemotelyProvisionedComponent::fromBinder(binder);
         }
         ASSERT_NE(provisionable_, nullptr);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(provisionable_->getHardwareInfo(&rpcHardwareInfo).isOk());
     }
 
     static vector<string> build_params() {
@@ -194,6 +195,7 @@
 
   protected:
     std::shared_ptr<IRemotelyProvisionedComponent> provisionable_;
+    RpcHardwareInfo rpcHardwareInfo;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -357,12 +359,11 @@
 class CertificateRequestTest : public VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests {
   protected:
     CertificateRequestTest() : eekId_(string_to_bytevec("eekid")), challenge_(randomBytes(32)) {
-        generateTestEekChain(3);
     }
 
     void generateTestEekChain(size_t eekLength) {
-        auto chain = generateEekChain(eekLength, eekId_);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(chain) << chain.message();
+        auto chain = generateEekChain(rpcHardwareInfo.supportedEekCurve, eekLength, eekId_);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(chain) << chain.message();
         if (chain) testEekChain_ = chain.moveValue();
         testEekLength_ = eekLength;
     }
@@ -382,6 +383,17 @@
         }
     }
 
+    ErrMsgOr<bytevec> getSessionKey(ErrMsgOr<std::pair<bytevec, bytevec>>& senderPubkey) {
+        if (rpcHardwareInfo.supportedEekCurve == RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_25519 ||
+            rpcHardwareInfo.supportedEekCurve == RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_NONE) {
+            return x25519_HKDF_DeriveKey(testEekChain_.last_pubkey, testEekChain_.last_privkey,
+                                         senderPubkey->first, false /* senderIsA */);
+        } else {
+            return ECDH_HKDF_DeriveKey(testEekChain_.last_pubkey, testEekChain_.last_privkey,
+                                       senderPubkey->first, false /* senderIsA */);
+        }
+    }
+
     void checkProtectedData(const DeviceInfo& deviceInfo, const cppbor::Array& keysToSign,
                             const bytevec& keysToSignMac, const ProtectedData& protectedData,
                             std::vector<BccEntryData>* bccOutput = nullptr) {
@@ -394,9 +406,7 @@
         ASSERT_TRUE(senderPubkey) << senderPubkey.message();
         EXPECT_EQ(senderPubkey->second, eekId_);
 
-        auto sessionKey =
-                x25519_HKDF_DeriveKey(testEekChain_.last_pubkey, testEekChain_.last_privkey,
-                                      senderPubkey->first, false /* senderIsA */);
+        auto sessionKey = getSessionKey(senderPubkey);
         ASSERT_TRUE(sessionKey) << sessionKey.message();
 
         auto protectedDataPayload =
@@ -406,7 +416,8 @@
         auto [parsedPayload, __, payloadErrMsg] = cppbor::parse(*protectedDataPayload);
         ASSERT_TRUE(parsedPayload) << "Failed to parse payload: " << payloadErrMsg;
         ASSERT_TRUE(parsedPayload->asArray());
-        EXPECT_EQ(parsedPayload->asArray()->size(), 2U);
+        // Strongbox may contain additional certificate chain.
+        EXPECT_LE(parsedPayload->asArray()->size(), 3U);
 
         auto& signedMac = parsedPayload->asArray()->get(0);
         auto& bcc = parsedPayload->asArray()->get(1);
@@ -421,10 +432,9 @@
         auto [deviceInfoMap, __2, deviceInfoErrMsg] = cppbor::parse(deviceInfo.deviceInfo);
         ASSERT_TRUE(deviceInfoMap) << "Failed to parse deviceInfo: " << deviceInfoErrMsg;
         ASSERT_TRUE(deviceInfoMap->asMap());
-
         checkDeviceInfo(deviceInfoMap->asMap(), deviceInfo.deviceInfo);
-
         auto& signingKey = bccContents->back().pubKey;
+        deviceInfoMap->asMap()->canonicalize();
         auto macKey = verifyAndParseCoseSign1(signedMac->asArray(), signingKey,
                                               cppbor::Array()  // SignedMacAad
                                                       .add(challenge_)
@@ -456,10 +466,10 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(val->type(), majorType) << entryName << " has the wrong type.";
         switch (majorType) {
             case cppbor::TSTR:
-                ASSERT_GT(val->asTstr()->value().size(), 0);
+                EXPECT_GT(val->asTstr()->value().size(), 0);
                 break;
             case cppbor::BSTR:
-                ASSERT_GT(val->asBstr()->value().size(), 0);
+                EXPECT_GT(val->asBstr()->value().size(), 0);
                 break;
             default:
                 break;
@@ -467,6 +477,8 @@
     }
 
     void checkDeviceInfo(const cppbor::Map* deviceInfo, bytevec deviceInfoBytes) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(deviceInfo->clone()->asMap()->canonicalize().encode(), deviceInfoBytes)
+                << "DeviceInfo ordering is non-canonical.";
         const auto& version = deviceInfo->get("version");
         ASSERT_TRUE(version);
         ASSERT_TRUE(version->asUint());
@@ -485,21 +497,21 @@
                 // TODO: Refactor the KeyMint code that validates these fields and include it here.
                 checkType(deviceInfo, cppbor::TSTR, "vb_state");
                 allowList = getAllowedVbStates();
-                ASSERT_NE(allowList.find(deviceInfo->get("vb_state")->asTstr()->value()),
+                EXPECT_NE(allowList.find(deviceInfo->get("vb_state")->asTstr()->value()),
                           allowList.end());
                 checkType(deviceInfo, cppbor::TSTR, "bootloader_state");
                 allowList = getAllowedBootloaderStates();
-                ASSERT_NE(allowList.find(deviceInfo->get("bootloader_state")->asTstr()->value()),
+                EXPECT_NE(allowList.find(deviceInfo->get("bootloader_state")->asTstr()->value()),
                           allowList.end());
                 checkType(deviceInfo, cppbor::BSTR, "vbmeta_digest");
                 checkType(deviceInfo, cppbor::UINT, "system_patch_level");
                 checkType(deviceInfo, cppbor::UINT, "boot_patch_level");
                 checkType(deviceInfo, cppbor::UINT, "vendor_patch_level");
                 checkType(deviceInfo, cppbor::UINT, "fused");
-                ASSERT_LT(deviceInfo->get("fused")->asUint()->value(), 2);  // Must be 0 or 1.
+                EXPECT_LT(deviceInfo->get("fused")->asUint()->value(), 2);  // Must be 0 or 1.
                 checkType(deviceInfo, cppbor::TSTR, "security_level");
                 allowList = getAllowedSecurityLevels();
-                ASSERT_NE(allowList.find(deviceInfo->get("security_level")->asTstr()->value()),
+                EXPECT_NE(allowList.find(deviceInfo->get("security_level")->asTstr()->value()),
                           allowList.end());
                 if (deviceInfo->get("security_level")->asTstr()->value() == "tee") {
                     checkType(deviceInfo, cppbor::TSTR, "os_version");
@@ -508,20 +520,18 @@
             case 1:
                 checkType(deviceInfo, cppbor::TSTR, "security_level");
                 allowList = getAllowedSecurityLevels();
-                ASSERT_NE(allowList.find(deviceInfo->get("security_level")->asTstr()->value()),
+                EXPECT_NE(allowList.find(deviceInfo->get("security_level")->asTstr()->value()),
                           allowList.end());
                 if (version->asUint()->value() == 1) {
                     checkType(deviceInfo, cppbor::TSTR, "att_id_state");
                     allowList = getAllowedAttIdStates();
-                    ASSERT_NE(allowList.find(deviceInfo->get("att_id_state")->asTstr()->value()),
+                    EXPECT_NE(allowList.find(deviceInfo->get("att_id_state")->asTstr()->value()),
                               allowList.end());
                 }
                 break;
             default:
                 FAIL() << "Unrecognized version: " << version->asUint()->value();
         }
-        ASSERT_EQ(deviceInfo->clone()->asMap()->canonicalize().encode(), deviceInfoBytes)
-                << "DeviceInfo ordering is non-canonical.";
     }
 
     bytevec eekId_;
@@ -566,6 +576,7 @@
     bytevec keysToSignMac;
     DeviceInfo deviceInfo;
     ProtectedData protectedData;
+    generateTestEekChain(3);
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
             testMode, {} /* keysToSign */, testEekChain_.chain, challenge_, &deviceInfo,
             &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
@@ -605,8 +616,8 @@
     DeviceInfo deviceInfo;
     ProtectedData protectedData;
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
-            testMode, {} /* keysToSign */, getProdEekChain(), challenge_, &deviceInfo,
-            &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
+            testMode, {} /* keysToSign */, getProdEekChain(rpcHardwareInfo.supportedEekCurve),
+            challenge_, &deviceInfo, &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
     EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk());
 }
 
@@ -646,8 +657,8 @@
     DeviceInfo deviceInfo;
     ProtectedData protectedData;
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
-            testMode, keysToSign_, getProdEekChain(), challenge_, &deviceInfo, &protectedData,
-            &keysToSignMac);
+            testMode, keysToSign_, getProdEekChain(rpcHardwareInfo.supportedEekCurve), challenge_,
+            &deviceInfo, &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
     EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk());
 }
 
@@ -657,11 +668,14 @@
 TEST_P(CertificateRequestTest, NonEmptyRequestCorruptMac_testMode) {
     bool testMode = true;
     generateKeys(testMode, 1 /* numKeys */);
-    MacedPublicKey keyWithCorruptMac = corrupt_maced_key(keysToSign_[0]).moveValue();
+    auto result = corrupt_maced_key(keysToSign_[0]);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result) << result.moveMessage();
+    MacedPublicKey keyWithCorruptMac = result.moveValue();
 
     bytevec keysToSignMac;
     DeviceInfo deviceInfo;
     ProtectedData protectedData;
+    generateTestEekChain(3);
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
             testMode, {keyWithCorruptMac}, testEekChain_.chain, challenge_, &deviceInfo,
             &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
@@ -675,14 +689,16 @@
 TEST_P(CertificateRequestTest, NonEmptyRequestCorruptMac_prodMode) {
     bool testMode = false;
     generateKeys(testMode, 1 /* numKeys */);
-    MacedPublicKey keyWithCorruptMac = corrupt_maced_key(keysToSign_[0]).moveValue();
+    auto result = corrupt_maced_key(keysToSign_[0]);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result) << result.moveMessage();
+    MacedPublicKey keyWithCorruptMac = result.moveValue();
 
     bytevec keysToSignMac;
     DeviceInfo deviceInfo;
     ProtectedData protectedData;
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
-            testMode, {keyWithCorruptMac}, getProdEekChain(), challenge_, &deviceInfo,
-            &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
+            testMode, {keyWithCorruptMac}, getProdEekChain(rpcHardwareInfo.supportedEekCurve),
+            challenge_, &deviceInfo, &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
     ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
     EXPECT_EQ(status.getServiceSpecificError(), BnRemotelyProvisionedComponent::STATUS_INVALID_MAC);
 }
@@ -695,7 +711,7 @@
     bool testMode = false;
     generateKeys(testMode, 4 /* numKeys */);
 
-    auto prodEekChain = getProdEekChain();
+    auto prodEekChain = getProdEekChain(rpcHardwareInfo.supportedEekCurve);
     auto [parsedChain, _, parseErr] = cppbor::parse(prodEekChain);
     ASSERT_NE(parsedChain, nullptr) << parseErr;
     ASSERT_NE(parsedChain->asArray(), nullptr);
@@ -726,7 +742,7 @@
 
     // Build an EEK chain that omits the first self-signed cert.
     auto truncatedChain = cppbor::Array();
-    auto [chain, _, parseErr] = cppbor::parse(getProdEekChain());
+    auto [chain, _, parseErr] = cppbor::parse(getProdEekChain(rpcHardwareInfo.supportedEekCurve));
     ASSERT_TRUE(chain);
     auto eekChain = chain->asArray();
     ASSERT_NE(eekChain, nullptr);
@@ -754,6 +770,7 @@
     bytevec keysToSignMac;
     DeviceInfo deviceInfo;
     ProtectedData protectedData;
+    generateTestEekChain(3);
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
             true /* testMode */, keysToSign_, testEekChain_.chain, challenge_, &deviceInfo,
             &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
@@ -772,6 +789,7 @@
     bytevec keysToSignMac;
     DeviceInfo deviceInfo;
     ProtectedData protectedData;
+    generateTestEekChain(3);
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
             false /* testMode */, keysToSign_, testEekChain_.chain, challenge_, &deviceInfo,
             &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
diff --git a/security/keymint/support/Android.bp b/security/keymint/support/Android.bp
index 36969bb..bf2ab02 100644
--- a/security/keymint/support/Android.bp
+++ b/security/keymint/support/Android.bp
@@ -60,11 +60,15 @@
     export_include_dirs: [
         "include",
     ],
+    defaults: [
+        "keymint_use_latest_hal_aidl_ndk_shared",
+    ],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libcppbor_external",
         "libcppcose_rkp",
         "libcrypto",
+        "libkeymaster_portable",
         "libjsoncpp",
     ],
 }
@@ -76,6 +80,9 @@
         "libgmock",
         "libgtest_main",
     ],
+    defaults: [
+        "keymint_use_latest_hal_aidl_ndk_shared",
+    ],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libcppbor_external",
diff --git a/security/keymint/support/include/remote_prov/remote_prov_utils.h b/security/keymint/support/include/remote_prov/remote_prov_utils.h
index 406b7a9..f3b8608 100644
--- a/security/keymint/support/include/remote_prov/remote_prov_utils.h
+++ b/security/keymint/support/include/remote_prov/remote_prov_utils.h
@@ -52,6 +52,34 @@
         0x31, 0xbf, 0x6b, 0xe8, 0x1e, 0x35, 0xe2, 0xf0, 0x2d, 0xce, 0x6c, 0x2f, 0x4f, 0xf2,
         0xf5, 0x4f, 0xa5, 0xd4, 0x83, 0xad, 0x96, 0xa2, 0xf1, 0x87, 0x58, 0x04};
 
+// The Google ECDSA P256 root key for the Endpoint Encryption Key chain, encoded as COSE_Sign1
+inline constexpr uint8_t kCoseEncodedEcdsa256RootCert[] = {
+    0x84, 0x43, 0xa1, 0x01, 0x26, 0xa0, 0x58, 0x4d, 0xa5, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x26, 0x20, 0x01, 0x21,
+    0x58, 0x20, 0xf7, 0x14, 0x8a, 0xdb, 0x97, 0xf4, 0xcc, 0x53, 0xef, 0xd2, 0x64, 0x11, 0xc4, 0xe3,
+    0x75, 0x1f, 0x66, 0x1f, 0xa4, 0x71, 0x0c, 0x6c, 0xcf, 0xfa, 0x09, 0x46, 0x80, 0x74, 0x87, 0x54,
+    0xf2, 0xad, 0x22, 0x58, 0x20, 0x5e, 0x7f, 0x5b, 0xf6, 0xec, 0xe4, 0xf6, 0x19, 0xcc, 0xff, 0x13,
+    0x37, 0xfd, 0x0f, 0xa1, 0xc8, 0x93, 0xdb, 0x18, 0x06, 0x76, 0xc4, 0x5d, 0xe6, 0xd7, 0x6a, 0x77,
+    0x86, 0xc3, 0x2d, 0xaf, 0x8f, 0x58, 0x40, 0x2f, 0x97, 0x8e, 0x42, 0xfb, 0xbe, 0x07, 0x2d, 0x95,
+    0x47, 0x85, 0x47, 0x93, 0x40, 0xb0, 0x1f, 0xd4, 0x9b, 0x47, 0xa4, 0xc4, 0x44, 0xa9, 0xf2, 0xa1,
+    0x07, 0x87, 0x10, 0xc7, 0x9f, 0xcb, 0x11, 0xf4, 0xbf, 0x9f, 0xe8, 0x3b, 0xe0, 0xe7, 0x34, 0x4c,
+    0x15, 0xfc, 0x7b, 0xc3, 0x7e, 0x33, 0x05, 0xf4, 0xd1, 0x34, 0x3c, 0xed, 0x02, 0x04, 0x60, 0x7a,
+    0x15, 0xe0, 0x79, 0xd3, 0x8a, 0xff, 0x24};
+
+// The Google ECDSA P256 Endpoint Encryption Key certificate, encoded as COSE_Sign1
+inline constexpr uint8_t kCoseEncodedEcdsa256GeekCert[] = {
+    0x84, 0x43, 0xa1, 0x01, 0x26, 0xa0, 0x58, 0x71, 0xa6, 0x01, 0x02, 0x02, 0x58, 0x20, 0x35, 0x73,
+    0xb7, 0x3f, 0xa0, 0x8a, 0x80, 0x89, 0xb1, 0x26, 0x67, 0xe9, 0xcb, 0x7c, 0x75, 0xa1, 0xaf, 0x02,
+    0x61, 0xfc, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x03, 0x91, 0x3b, 0xd3, 0x4b, 0x7d, 0x14, 0x94, 0x3e, 0x46, 0x03, 0x38,
+    0x18, 0x20, 0x01, 0x21, 0x58, 0x20, 0xe0, 0x41, 0xcf, 0x2f, 0x0f, 0x34, 0x0f, 0x1c, 0x33, 0x2c,
+    0x41, 0xb0, 0xcf, 0xd7, 0x0c, 0x30, 0x55, 0x35, 0xd2, 0x1e, 0x6a, 0x47, 0x13, 0x4b, 0x2e, 0xd1,
+    0x48, 0x96, 0x7e, 0x24, 0x9c, 0x68, 0x22, 0x58, 0x20, 0x1f, 0xce, 0x45, 0xc5, 0xfb, 0x61, 0xba,
+    0x81, 0x21, 0xf9, 0xe5, 0x05, 0x9b, 0x9b, 0x39, 0x0e, 0x76, 0x86, 0x86, 0x47, 0xb8, 0x1e, 0x2f,
+    0x45, 0xf1, 0xce, 0xaf, 0xda, 0x3f, 0x80, 0x68, 0xdb, 0x58, 0x40, 0x8c, 0xb3, 0xba, 0x7e, 0x20,
+    0x3e, 0x32, 0xb0, 0x68, 0xdf, 0x60, 0xd1, 0x1d, 0x7d, 0xf0, 0xac, 0x38, 0x8e, 0x51, 0xbc, 0xff,
+    0x6c, 0xe1, 0x67, 0x3b, 0x4a, 0x79, 0xbc, 0x56, 0x78, 0xb3, 0x99, 0xd8, 0x7c, 0x8a, 0x07, 0xd8,
+    0xda, 0xb5, 0xb5, 0x7f, 0x71, 0xf4, 0xd8, 0x6b, 0xdf, 0x33, 0x27, 0x34, 0x7b, 0x65, 0xd1, 0x2a,
+    0xeb, 0x86, 0x99, 0x98, 0xab, 0x3a, 0xb4, 0x80, 0xaa, 0xbd, 0x50};
+
 /**
  * Generates random bytes.
  */
@@ -64,15 +92,15 @@
 };
 
 /**
- * Generates an X25518 EEK with the specified eekId and an Ed25519 chain of the
- * specified length. All keys are generated randomly.
+ * Based on the supportedEekCurve, Generates an X25519/ECDH with the specified eekId
+ * and an Ed25519/ECDSA chain of the specified length. All keys are generated randomly.
  */
-ErrMsgOr<EekChain> generateEekChain(size_t length, const bytevec& eekId);
+ErrMsgOr<EekChain> generateEekChain(int32_t supportedEekCurve, size_t length, const bytevec& eekId);
 
 /**
  * Returns the CBOR-encoded, production Google Endpoint Encryption Key chain.
  */
-bytevec getProdEekChain();
+bytevec getProdEekChain(int32_t supportedEekCurve);
 
 struct BccEntryData {
     bytevec pubKey;
@@ -96,17 +124,19 @@
 };
 
 /**
- * Take a given certificate request and output a JSON blob containing both the
- * build fingerprint and certificate request. This data may be serialized, then
- * later uploaded to the remote provisioning service. The input csr is not
- * validated, only encoded.
+ * Take a given instance name and certificate request, then output a JSON blob
+ * containing the name, build fingerprint and certificate request. This data may
+ * be serialized, then later uploaded to the remote provisioning service. The
+ * input csr is not validated, only encoded.
  *
  * Output format:
  *   {
  *     "build_fingerprint": <string>
  *     "csr": <base64 CBOR CSR>
+ *     "name": <string>
  *   }
  */
-JsonOutput jsonEncodeCsrWithBuild(const cppbor::Array& csr);
+JsonOutput jsonEncodeCsrWithBuild(const std::string instance_name,
+                                  const cppbor::Array& csr);
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::security::keymint::remote_prov
diff --git a/security/keymint/support/remote_prov_utils.cpp b/security/keymint/support/remote_prov_utils.cpp
index 35cb891..0dbea5b 100644
--- a/security/keymint/support/remote_prov_utils.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/support/remote_prov_utils.cpp
@@ -17,10 +17,16 @@
 #include <iterator>
 #include <tuple>
 
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/RpcHardwareInfo.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <cppbor.h>
 #include <json/json.h>
+#include <keymaster/km_openssl/ec_key.h>
+#include <keymaster/km_openssl/ecdsa_operation.h>
+#include <keymaster/km_openssl/openssl_err.h>
+#include <keymaster/km_openssl/openssl_utils.h>
 #include <openssl/base64.h>
+#include <openssl/evp.h>
 #include <openssl/rand.h>
 #include <remote_prov/remote_prov_utils.h>
 
@@ -30,6 +36,166 @@
 constexpr uint32_t kBccPayloadSubject = 2;
 constexpr int32_t kBccPayloadSubjPubKey = -4670552;
 constexpr int32_t kBccPayloadKeyUsage = -4670553;
+constexpr int kP256AffinePointSize = 32;
+
+using EC_KEY_Ptr = bssl::UniquePtr<EC_KEY>;
+using EVP_PKEY_Ptr = bssl::UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY>;
+using EVP_PKEY_CTX_Ptr = bssl::UniquePtr<EVP_PKEY_CTX>;
+
+ErrMsgOr<bytevec> ecKeyGetPrivateKey(const EC_KEY* ecKey) {
+    // Extract private key.
+    const BIGNUM* bignum = EC_KEY_get0_private_key(ecKey);
+    if (bignum == nullptr) {
+        return "Error getting bignum from private key";
+    }
+    // Pad with zeros in case the length is lesser than 32.
+    bytevec privKey(32, 0);
+    BN_bn2binpad(bignum, privKey.data(), privKey.size());
+    return privKey;
+}
+
+ErrMsgOr<bytevec> ecKeyGetPublicKey(const EC_KEY* ecKey) {
+    // Extract public key.
+    auto group = EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    if (group.get() == nullptr) {
+        return "Error creating EC group by curve name";
+    }
+    const EC_POINT* point = EC_KEY_get0_public_key(ecKey);
+    if (point == nullptr) return "Error getting ecpoint from public key";
+
+    int size =
+        EC_POINT_point2oct(group.get(), point, POINT_CONVERSION_UNCOMPRESSED, nullptr, 0, nullptr);
+    if (size == 0) {
+        return "Error generating public key encoding";
+    }
+
+    bytevec publicKey;
+    publicKey.resize(size);
+    EC_POINT_point2oct(group.get(), point, POINT_CONVERSION_UNCOMPRESSED, publicKey.data(),
+                       publicKey.size(), nullptr);
+    return publicKey;
+}
+
+ErrMsgOr<std::tuple<bytevec, bytevec>> getAffineCoordinates(const bytevec& pubKey) {
+    auto group = EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    if (group.get() == nullptr) {
+        return "Error creating EC group by curve name";
+    }
+    auto point = EC_POINT_Ptr(EC_POINT_new(group.get()));
+    if (EC_POINT_oct2point(group.get(), point.get(), pubKey.data(), pubKey.size(), nullptr) != 1) {
+        return "Error decoding publicKey";
+    }
+    BIGNUM_Ptr x(BN_new());
+    BIGNUM_Ptr y(BN_new());
+    BN_CTX_Ptr ctx(BN_CTX_new());
+    if (!ctx.get()) return "Failed to create BN_CTX instance";
+
+    if (!EC_POINT_get_affine_coordinates_GFp(group.get(), point.get(), x.get(), y.get(),
+                                             ctx.get())) {
+        return "Failed to get affine coordinates from ECPoint";
+    }
+    bytevec pubX(kP256AffinePointSize);
+    bytevec pubY(kP256AffinePointSize);
+    if (BN_bn2binpad(x.get(), pubX.data(), kP256AffinePointSize) != kP256AffinePointSize) {
+        return "Error in converting absolute value of x coordinate to big-endian";
+    }
+    if (BN_bn2binpad(y.get(), pubY.data(), kP256AffinePointSize) != kP256AffinePointSize) {
+        return "Error in converting absolute value of y coordinate to big-endian";
+    }
+    return std::make_tuple(std::move(pubX), std::move(pubY));
+}
+
+ErrMsgOr<std::tuple<bytevec, bytevec>> generateEc256KeyPair() {
+    auto ec_key = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new());
+    if (ec_key.get() == nullptr) {
+        return "Failed to allocate ec key";
+    }
+
+    auto group = EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    if (group.get() == nullptr) {
+        return "Error creating EC group by curve name";
+    }
+
+    if (EC_KEY_set_group(ec_key.get(), group.get()) != 1 ||
+        EC_KEY_generate_key(ec_key.get()) != 1 || EC_KEY_check_key(ec_key.get()) < 0) {
+        return "Error generating key";
+    }
+
+    auto privKey = ecKeyGetPrivateKey(ec_key.get());
+    if (!privKey) return privKey.moveMessage();
+
+    auto pubKey = ecKeyGetPublicKey(ec_key.get());
+    if (!pubKey) return pubKey.moveMessage();
+
+    return std::make_tuple(pubKey.moveValue(), privKey.moveValue());
+}
+
+ErrMsgOr<std::tuple<bytevec, bytevec>> generateX25519KeyPair() {
+    /* Generate X25519 key pair */
+    bytevec pubKey(X25519_PUBLIC_VALUE_LEN);
+    bytevec privKey(X25519_PRIVATE_KEY_LEN);
+    X25519_keypair(pubKey.data(), privKey.data());
+    return std::make_tuple(std::move(pubKey), std::move(privKey));
+}
+
+ErrMsgOr<std::tuple<bytevec, bytevec>> generateED25519KeyPair() {
+    /* Generate ED25519 key pair */
+    bytevec pubKey(ED25519_PUBLIC_KEY_LEN);
+    bytevec privKey(ED25519_PRIVATE_KEY_LEN);
+    ED25519_keypair(pubKey.data(), privKey.data());
+    return std::make_tuple(std::move(pubKey), std::move(privKey));
+}
+
+ErrMsgOr<std::tuple<bytevec, bytevec>> generateKeyPair(int32_t supportedEekCurve, bool isEek) {
+    switch (supportedEekCurve) {
+    case RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_25519:
+        if (isEek) {
+            return generateX25519KeyPair();
+        }
+        return generateED25519KeyPair();
+    case RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_P256:
+        return generateEc256KeyPair();
+    default:
+        return "Unknown EEK Curve.";
+    }
+}
+
+ErrMsgOr<bytevec> constructCoseKey(int32_t supportedEekCurve, const bytevec& eekId,
+                                   const bytevec& pubKey) {
+    CoseKeyType keyType;
+    CoseKeyAlgorithm algorithm;
+    CoseKeyCurve curve;
+    bytevec pubX;
+    bytevec pubY;
+    switch (supportedEekCurve) {
+    case RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_25519:
+        keyType = OCTET_KEY_PAIR;
+        algorithm = (eekId.empty()) ? EDDSA : ECDH_ES_HKDF_256;
+        curve = (eekId.empty()) ? ED25519 : cppcose::X25519;
+        pubX = pubKey;
+        break;
+    case RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_P256: {
+        keyType = EC2;
+        algorithm = (eekId.empty()) ? ES256 : ECDH_ES_HKDF_256;
+        curve = P256;
+        auto affineCoordinates = getAffineCoordinates(pubKey);
+        if (!affineCoordinates) return affineCoordinates.moveMessage();
+        std::tie(pubX, pubY) = affineCoordinates.moveValue();
+    } break;
+    default:
+        return "Unknown EEK Curve.";
+    }
+    cppbor::Map coseKey = cppbor::Map()
+                              .add(CoseKey::KEY_TYPE, keyType)
+                              .add(CoseKey::ALGORITHM, algorithm)
+                              .add(CoseKey::CURVE, curve)
+                              .add(CoseKey::PUBKEY_X, pubX);
+
+    if (!pubY.empty()) coseKey.add(CoseKey::PUBKEY_Y, pubY);
+    if (!eekId.empty()) coseKey.add(CoseKey::KEY_ID, eekId);
+
+    return coseKey.canonicalize().encode();
+}
 
 bytevec kTestMacKey(32 /* count */, 0 /* byte value */);
 
@@ -39,7 +205,17 @@
     return retval;
 }
 
-ErrMsgOr<EekChain> generateEekChain(size_t length, const bytevec& eekId) {
+ErrMsgOr<cppbor::Array> constructCoseSign1(int32_t supportedEekCurve, const bytevec& key,
+                                           const bytevec& payload, const bytevec& aad) {
+    if (supportedEekCurve == RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_P256) {
+        return constructECDSACoseSign1(key, {} /* protectedParams */, payload, aad);
+    } else {
+        return cppcose::constructCoseSign1(key, payload, aad);
+    }
+}
+
+ErrMsgOr<EekChain> generateEekChain(int32_t supportedEekCurve, size_t length,
+                                    const bytevec& eekId) {
     if (length < 2) {
         return "EEK chain must contain at least 2 certs.";
     }
@@ -48,59 +224,62 @@
 
     bytevec prev_priv_key;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < length - 1; ++i) {
-        bytevec pub_key(ED25519_PUBLIC_KEY_LEN);
-        bytevec priv_key(ED25519_PRIVATE_KEY_LEN);
-
-        ED25519_keypair(pub_key.data(), priv_key.data());
+        auto keyPair = generateKeyPair(supportedEekCurve, false);
+        if (!keyPair) return keyPair.moveMessage();
+        auto [pub_key, priv_key] = keyPair.moveValue();
 
         // The first signing key is self-signed.
         if (prev_priv_key.empty()) prev_priv_key = priv_key;
 
-        auto coseSign1 = constructCoseSign1(prev_priv_key,
-                                            cppbor::Map() /* payload CoseKey */
-                                                    .add(CoseKey::KEY_TYPE, OCTET_KEY_PAIR)
-                                                    .add(CoseKey::ALGORITHM, EDDSA)
-                                                    .add(CoseKey::CURVE, ED25519)
-                                                    .add(CoseKey::PUBKEY_X, pub_key)
-                                                    .canonicalize()
-                                                    .encode(),
-                                            {} /* AAD */);
+        auto coseKey = constructCoseKey(supportedEekCurve, {}, pub_key);
+        if (!coseKey) return coseKey.moveMessage();
+
+        auto coseSign1 =
+            constructCoseSign1(supportedEekCurve, prev_priv_key, coseKey.moveValue(), {} /* AAD */);
         if (!coseSign1) return coseSign1.moveMessage();
         eekChain.add(coseSign1.moveValue());
 
         prev_priv_key = priv_key;
     }
+    auto keyPair = generateKeyPair(supportedEekCurve, true);
+    if (!keyPair) return keyPair.moveMessage();
+    auto [pub_key, priv_key] = keyPair.moveValue();
 
-    bytevec pub_key(X25519_PUBLIC_VALUE_LEN);
-    bytevec priv_key(X25519_PRIVATE_KEY_LEN);
-    X25519_keypair(pub_key.data(), priv_key.data());
+    auto coseKey = constructCoseKey(supportedEekCurve, eekId, pub_key);
+    if (!coseKey) return coseKey.moveMessage();
 
-    auto coseSign1 = constructCoseSign1(prev_priv_key,
-                                        cppbor::Map() /* payload CoseKey */
-                                                .add(CoseKey::KEY_TYPE, OCTET_KEY_PAIR)
-                                                .add(CoseKey::KEY_ID, eekId)
-                                                .add(CoseKey::ALGORITHM, ECDH_ES_HKDF_256)
-                                                .add(CoseKey::CURVE, cppcose::X25519)
-                                                .add(CoseKey::PUBKEY_X, pub_key)
-                                                .canonicalize()
-                                                .encode(),
-                                        {} /* AAD */);
+    auto coseSign1 =
+        constructCoseSign1(supportedEekCurve, prev_priv_key, coseKey.moveValue(), {} /* AAD */);
     if (!coseSign1) return coseSign1.moveMessage();
     eekChain.add(coseSign1.moveValue());
 
+    if (supportedEekCurve == RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_P256) {
+        // convert ec public key to x and y co-ordinates.
+        auto affineCoordinates = getAffineCoordinates(pub_key);
+        if (!affineCoordinates) return affineCoordinates.moveMessage();
+        auto [pubX, pubY] = affineCoordinates.moveValue();
+        pub_key.clear();
+        pub_key.insert(pub_key.begin(), pubX.begin(), pubX.end());
+        pub_key.insert(pub_key.end(), pubY.begin(), pubY.end());
+    }
+
     return EekChain{eekChain.encode(), pub_key, priv_key};
 }
 
-bytevec getProdEekChain() {
-    bytevec prodEek;
-    prodEek.reserve(1 + sizeof(kCoseEncodedRootCert) + sizeof(kCoseEncodedGeekCert));
-
-    // In CBOR encoding, 0x82 indicates an array of two items
-    prodEek.push_back(0x82);
-    prodEek.insert(prodEek.end(), std::begin(kCoseEncodedRootCert), std::end(kCoseEncodedRootCert));
-    prodEek.insert(prodEek.end(), std::begin(kCoseEncodedGeekCert), std::end(kCoseEncodedGeekCert));
-
-    return prodEek;
+bytevec getProdEekChain(int32_t supportedEekCurve) {
+    cppbor::Array chain;
+    if (supportedEekCurve == RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_P256) {
+        chain.add(cppbor::EncodedItem(bytevec(std::begin(kCoseEncodedEcdsa256RootCert),
+                                              std::end(kCoseEncodedEcdsa256RootCert))));
+        chain.add(cppbor::EncodedItem(bytevec(std::begin(kCoseEncodedEcdsa256GeekCert),
+                                              std::end(kCoseEncodedEcdsa256GeekCert))));
+    } else {
+        chain.add(cppbor::EncodedItem(
+            bytevec(std::begin(kCoseEncodedRootCert), std::end(kCoseEncodedRootCert))));
+        chain.add(cppbor::EncodedItem(
+            bytevec(std::begin(kCoseEncodedGeekCert), std::end(kCoseEncodedGeekCert))));
+    }
+    return chain.encode();
 }
 
 ErrMsgOr<bytevec> validatePayloadAndFetchPubKey(const cppbor::Map* payload) {
@@ -139,7 +318,8 @@
     }
 
     auto& algorithm = parsedProtParams->asMap()->get(ALGORITHM);
-    if (!algorithm || !algorithm->asInt() || algorithm->asInt()->value() != EDDSA) {
+    if (!algorithm || !algorithm->asInt() ||
+        (algorithm->asInt()->value() != EDDSA && algorithm->asInt()->value() != ES256)) {
         return "Unsupported signature algorithm";
     }
 
@@ -152,15 +332,36 @@
     }
 
     bool selfSigned = signingCoseKey.empty();
-    auto key = CoseKey::parseEd25519(selfSigned ? *serializedKey : signingCoseKey);
-    if (!key) return "Bad signing key: " + key.moveMessage();
-
     bytevec signatureInput =
-            cppbor::Array().add("Signature1").add(*protectedParams).add(aad).add(*payload).encode();
+        cppbor::Array().add("Signature1").add(*protectedParams).add(aad).add(*payload).encode();
 
-    if (!ED25519_verify(signatureInput.data(), signatureInput.size(), signature->value().data(),
-                        key->getBstrValue(CoseKey::PUBKEY_X)->data())) {
-        return "Signature verification failed";
+    if (algorithm->asInt()->value() == EDDSA) {
+        auto key = CoseKey::parseEd25519(selfSigned ? *serializedKey : signingCoseKey);
+
+        if (!key) return "Bad signing key: " + key.moveMessage();
+
+        if (!ED25519_verify(signatureInput.data(), signatureInput.size(), signature->value().data(),
+                            key->getBstrValue(CoseKey::PUBKEY_X)->data())) {
+            return "Signature verification failed";
+        }
+    } else {  // P256
+        auto key = CoseKey::parseP256(selfSigned ? *serializedKey : signingCoseKey);
+        if (!key || key->getBstrValue(CoseKey::PUBKEY_X)->empty() ||
+            key->getBstrValue(CoseKey::PUBKEY_Y)->empty()) {
+            return "Bad signing key: " + key.moveMessage();
+        }
+        auto publicKey = key->getEcPublicKey();
+        if (!publicKey) return publicKey.moveMessage();
+
+        auto ecdsaDerSignature = ecdsaCoseSignatureToDer(signature->value());
+        if (!ecdsaDerSignature) return ecdsaDerSignature.moveMessage();
+
+        // convert public key to uncompressed form.
+        publicKey->insert(publicKey->begin(), 0x04);
+
+        if (!verifyEcdsaDigest(publicKey.moveValue(), sha256(signatureInput), *ecdsaDerSignature)) {
+            return "Signature verification failed";
+        }
     }
 
     return serializedKey.moveValue();
@@ -207,7 +408,7 @@
     return result;
 }
 
-JsonOutput jsonEncodeCsrWithBuild(const cppbor::Array& csr) {
+JsonOutput jsonEncodeCsrWithBuild(const std::string instance_name, const cppbor::Array& csr) {
     const std::string kFingerprintProp = "ro.build.fingerprint";
 
     if (!::android::base::WaitForPropertyCreation(kFingerprintProp)) {
@@ -231,6 +432,7 @@
     }
 
     Json::Value json(Json::objectValue);
+    json["name"] = instance_name;
     json["build_fingerprint"] = ::android::base::GetProperty(kFingerprintProp, /*default=*/"");
     json["csr"] = base64.data();  // Boring writes a NUL-terminated c-string
 
diff --git a/security/keymint/support/remote_prov_utils_test.cpp b/security/keymint/support/remote_prov_utils_test.cpp
index 8697c51..0250cd6 100644
--- a/security/keymint/support/remote_prov_utils_test.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/support/remote_prov_utils_test.cpp
@@ -14,8 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include "cppbor.h"
+#include "keymaster/cppcose/cppcose.h"
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/RpcHardwareInfo.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <cppbor_parse.h>
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <keymaster/android_keymaster_utils.h>
@@ -23,25 +27,120 @@
 #include <keymaster/remote_provisioning_utils.h>
 #include <openssl/curve25519.h>
 #include <remote_prov/remote_prov_utils.h>
-#include <cstdint>
-#include "cppbor.h"
-#include "keymaster/cppcose/cppcose.h"
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::security::keymint::remote_prov {
 namespace {
 
 using ::keymaster::KeymasterBlob;
-using ::keymaster::validateAndExtractEekPubAndId;
+using ::keymaster::kStatusFailed;
+using ::keymaster::kStatusInvalidEek;
+using ::keymaster::StatusOr;
 using ::testing::ElementsAreArray;
+using byte_view = std::basic_string_view<uint8_t>;
+
+struct KeyInfoEcdsa {
+    CoseKeyCurve curve;
+    byte_view pubKeyX;
+    byte_view pubKeyY;
+
+    bool operator==(const KeyInfoEcdsa& other) const {
+        return curve == other.curve && pubKeyX == other.pubKeyX && pubKeyY == other.pubKeyY;
+    }
+};
+
+// The production root signing key for Google ECDSA P256 Endpoint Encryption Key cert chains.
+inline constexpr uint8_t kEcdsa256GeekRootX[] = {
+    0xf7, 0x14, 0x8a, 0xdb, 0x97, 0xf4, 0xcc, 0x53, 0xef, 0xd2, 0x64, 0x11, 0xc4, 0xe3, 0x75, 0x1f,
+    0x66, 0x1f, 0xa4, 0x71, 0x0c, 0x6c, 0xcf, 0xfa, 0x09, 0x46, 0x80, 0x74, 0x87, 0x54, 0xf2, 0xad};
+
+inline constexpr uint8_t kEcdsa256GeekRootY[] = {
+    0x5e, 0x7f, 0x5b, 0xf6, 0xec, 0xe4, 0xf6, 0x19, 0xcc, 0xff, 0x13, 0x37, 0xfd, 0x0f, 0xa1, 0xc8,
+    0x93, 0xdb, 0x18, 0x06, 0x76, 0xc4, 0x5d, 0xe6, 0xd7, 0x6a, 0x77, 0x86, 0xc3, 0x2d, 0xaf, 0x8f};
+
+// Hard-coded set of acceptable public COSE_Keys that can act as roots of EEK chains.
+inline constexpr KeyInfoEcdsa kAuthorizedEcdsa256EekRoots[] = {
+    {CoseKeyCurve::P256, byte_view(kEcdsa256GeekRootX, sizeof(kEcdsa256GeekRootX)),
+     byte_view(kEcdsa256GeekRootY, sizeof(kEcdsa256GeekRootY))},
+};
+
+static ErrMsgOr<CoseKey> parseEcdh256(const bytevec& coseKey) {
+    auto key = CoseKey::parse(coseKey, EC2, ECDH_ES_HKDF_256, P256);
+    if (!key) return key;
+
+    auto& pubkey_x = key->getMap().get(cppcose::CoseKey::PUBKEY_X);
+    auto& pubkey_y = key->getMap().get(cppcose::CoseKey::PUBKEY_Y);
+    if (!pubkey_x || !pubkey_y || !pubkey_x->asBstr() || !pubkey_y->asBstr() ||
+        pubkey_x->asBstr()->value().size() != 32 || pubkey_y->asBstr()->value().size() != 32) {
+        return "Invalid P256 public key";
+    }
+
+    return key;
+}
+
+StatusOr<std::tuple<std::vector<uint8_t> /* EEK pubX */, std::vector<uint8_t> /* EEK pubY */,
+                    std::vector<uint8_t> /* EEK ID */>>
+validateAndExtractEcdsa256EekPubAndId(bool testMode,
+                                      const KeymasterBlob& endpointEncryptionCertChain) {
+    auto [item, newPos, errMsg] =
+        cppbor::parse(endpointEncryptionCertChain.begin(), endpointEncryptionCertChain.end());
+    if (!item || !item->asArray()) {
+        return kStatusFailed;
+    }
+    const cppbor::Array* certArr = item->asArray();
+    std::vector<uint8_t> lastPubKey;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < certArr->size(); ++i) {
+        auto cosePubKey =
+            verifyAndParseCoseSign1(certArr->get(i)->asArray(), lastPubKey, {} /* AAD */);
+        if (!cosePubKey) {
+            return kStatusInvalidEek;
+        }
+        lastPubKey = *std::move(cosePubKey);
+
+        // In prod mode the first pubkey should match a well-known Google public key.
+        if (!testMode && i == 0) {
+            auto parsedPubKey = CoseKey::parse(lastPubKey);
+            if (!parsedPubKey) {
+                return kStatusFailed;
+            }
+            auto curve = parsedPubKey->getIntValue(CoseKey::CURVE);
+            if (!curve) {
+                return kStatusInvalidEek;
+            }
+            auto rawPubX = parsedPubKey->getBstrValue(CoseKey::PUBKEY_X);
+            if (!rawPubX) {
+                return kStatusInvalidEek;
+            }
+            auto rawPubY = parsedPubKey->getBstrValue(CoseKey::PUBKEY_Y);
+            if (!rawPubY) {
+                return kStatusInvalidEek;
+            }
+            KeyInfoEcdsa matcher = {static_cast<CoseKeyCurve>(*curve),
+                                    byte_view(rawPubX->data(), rawPubX->size()),
+                                    byte_view(rawPubY->data(), rawPubY->size())};
+            if (std::find(std::begin(kAuthorizedEcdsa256EekRoots),
+                          std::end(kAuthorizedEcdsa256EekRoots),
+                          matcher) == std::end(kAuthorizedEcdsa256EekRoots)) {
+                return kStatusInvalidEek;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    auto eek = parseEcdh256(lastPubKey);
+    if (!eek) {
+        return kStatusInvalidEek;
+    }
+    return std::make_tuple(eek->getBstrValue(CoseKey::PUBKEY_X).value(),
+                           eek->getBstrValue(CoseKey::PUBKEY_Y).value(),
+                           eek->getBstrValue(CoseKey::KEY_ID).value());
+}
 
 TEST(RemoteProvUtilsTest, GenerateEekChainInvalidLength) {
-    ASSERT_FALSE(generateEekChain(1, /*eekId=*/{}));
+    ASSERT_FALSE(generateEekChain(RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_25519, 1, /*eekId=*/{}));
 }
 
 TEST(RemoteProvUtilsTest, GenerateEekChain) {
     bytevec kTestEekId = {'t', 'e', 's', 't', 'I', 'd', 0};
     for (size_t length : {2, 3, 31}) {
-        auto get_eek_result = generateEekChain(length, kTestEekId);
+        auto get_eek_result = generateEekChain(RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_25519, length, kTestEekId);
         ASSERT_TRUE(get_eek_result) << get_eek_result.message();
 
         auto& [chain, pubkey, privkey] = *get_eek_result;
@@ -57,7 +156,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST(RemoteProvUtilsTest, GetProdEekChain) {
-    auto chain = getProdEekChain();
+    auto chain = getProdEekChain(RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_25519);
 
     auto validation_result = validateAndExtractEekPubAndId(
             /*testMode=*/false, KeymasterBlob(chain.data(), chain.size()));
@@ -86,16 +185,68 @@
     cppbor::Array array;
     array.add(1);
 
-    auto [json, error] = jsonEncodeCsrWithBuild(array);
+    auto [json, error] = jsonEncodeCsrWithBuild(std::string("test"), array);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(error.empty()) << error;
 
     std::string expected = R"({"build_fingerprint":")" +
                            ::android::base::GetProperty("ro.build.fingerprint", /*default=*/"") +
-                           R"(","csr":"gQE="})";
+                           R"(","csr":"gQE=","name":"test"})";
 
     ASSERT_EQ(json, expected);
 }
 
+TEST(RemoteProvUtilsTest, GenerateEcdsaEekChainInvalidLength) {
+    ASSERT_FALSE(generateEekChain(RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_P256, 1, /*eekId=*/{}));
+}
+
+TEST(RemoteProvUtilsTest, GenerateEcdsaEekChain) {
+    bytevec kTestEekId = {'t', 'e', 's', 't', 'I', 'd', 0};
+    for (size_t length : {2, 3, 31}) {
+        auto get_eek_result = generateEekChain(RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_P256, length, kTestEekId);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(get_eek_result) << get_eek_result.message();
+
+        auto& [chain, pubkey, privkey] = *get_eek_result;
+
+        auto validation_result = validateAndExtractEcdsa256EekPubAndId(
+            /*testMode=*/true, KeymasterBlob(chain.data(), chain.size()));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(validation_result.isOk());
+
+        auto& [eekPubX, eekPubY, eekId] = *validation_result;
+        bytevec eekPub;
+        eekPub.insert(eekPub.begin(), eekPubX.begin(), eekPubX.end());
+        eekPub.insert(eekPub.end(), eekPubY.begin(), eekPubY.end());
+        EXPECT_THAT(eekId, ElementsAreArray(kTestEekId));
+        EXPECT_THAT(eekPub, ElementsAreArray(pubkey));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(RemoteProvUtilsTest, GetProdEcdsaEekChain) {
+    auto chain = getProdEekChain(RpcHardwareInfo::CURVE_P256);
+
+    auto validation_result = validateAndExtractEcdsa256EekPubAndId(
+        /*testMode=*/false, KeymasterBlob(chain.data(), chain.size()));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(validation_result.isOk()) << "Error: " << validation_result.moveError();
+
+    auto& [eekPubX, eekPubY, eekId] = *validation_result;
+
+    auto [geekCert, ignoredNewPos, error] =
+        cppbor::parse(kCoseEncodedEcdsa256GeekCert, sizeof(kCoseEncodedEcdsa256GeekCert));
+    ASSERT_NE(geekCert, nullptr) << "Error: " << error;
+    ASSERT_NE(geekCert->asArray(), nullptr);
+
+    auto& encodedGeekCoseKey = geekCert->asArray()->get(kCoseSign1Payload);
+    ASSERT_NE(encodedGeekCoseKey, nullptr);
+    ASSERT_NE(encodedGeekCoseKey->asBstr(), nullptr);
+
+    auto geek = CoseKey::parse(encodedGeekCoseKey->asBstr()->value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(geek) << "Error: " << geek.message();
+
+    const std::vector<uint8_t> empty;
+    EXPECT_THAT(eekId, ElementsAreArray(geek->getBstrValue(CoseKey::KEY_ID).value_or(empty)));
+    EXPECT_THAT(eekPubX, ElementsAreArray(geek->getBstrValue(CoseKey::PUBKEY_X).value_or(empty)));
+    EXPECT_THAT(eekPubY, ElementsAreArray(geek->getBstrValue(CoseKey::PUBKEY_Y).value_or(empty)));
+}
+
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::security::keymint::remote_prov
diff --git a/sensors/aidl/default/multihal/ConvertUtils.cpp b/sensors/aidl/default/multihal/ConvertUtils.cpp
index 7751fd2..9b2d8fe 100644
--- a/sensors/aidl/default/multihal/ConvertUtils.cpp
+++ b/sensors/aidl/default/multihal/ConvertUtils.cpp
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
                 }
                 default:
                     ALOGE("Invalid sensor additioanl info tag: %d",
-                          additionalInfo.payload.getTag());
+                          static_cast<int32_t>(additionalInfo.payload.getTag()));
                     break;
             }
             break;
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.uwb.fira_android/current/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorStatusCodes.aidl b/uwb/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.uwb.fira_android/current/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorStatusCodes.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f534df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uwb/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.uwb.fira_android/current/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorStatusCodes.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.hardware.uwb.fira_android;
+@Backing(type="byte") @VintfStability
+enum UwbVendorStatusCodes {
+  STATUS_ERROR_CCC_SE_BUSY = 80,
+  STATUS_ERROR_CCC_LIFECYCLE = 81,
+}
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorStatusCodes.aidl b/uwb/aidl/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorStatusCodes.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8505b8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uwb/aidl/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorStatusCodes.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *        http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.uwb.fira_android;
+
+/**
+ * Android specific vendor status codes should be defined here.
+ *
+ */
+@VintfStability
+@Backing(type="byte")
+enum UwbVendorStatusCodes {
+    /**
+     * Use values from the vendor specific status code range: 0x50 – 0xFF defined in Table 32 of
+     * UCI specification.
+     */
+
+    /** CCC specific */
+    /** Secure element is busy */
+    STATUS_ERROR_CCC_SE_BUSY = 0x50,
+    /** CCC Lifecycle error */
+    STATUS_ERROR_CCC_LIFECYCLE = 0x51,
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp b/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
index 22219b0..d4d5857 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 aidl_interface {
     name: "android.hardware.vibrator",
     vendor_available: true,
+    host_supported: true,
     srcs: [
         "android/hardware/vibrator/*.aidl",
     ],
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp b/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
index 2e12dfb..acdbdcd 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@
 
 cc_library_static {
     name: "libvibratorexampleimpl",
-    vendor: true,
+    vendor_available: true,
+    host_supported: true,
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libbinder_ndk",
@@ -24,6 +25,11 @@
         ":__subpackages__",
         "//hardware/interfaces/tests/extension/vibrator:__subpackages__",
     ],
+    target: {
+        darwin: {
+            enabled: false,
+        },
+    },
 }
 
 filegroup {
@@ -47,3 +53,40 @@
     ],
     srcs: ["main.cpp"],
 }
+
+cc_fuzz {
+    name: "android.hardware.vibrator-service.example_fuzzer",
+    host_supported: true,
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-V2-ndk",
+        "libbase",
+        "libbinder_random_parcel",
+        "libcutils",
+        "liblog",
+        "libutils",
+        "libvibratorexampleimpl",
+    ],
+    target: {
+        android: {
+            shared_libs: [
+                "libbinder_ndk",
+                "libbinder",
+            ],
+        },
+        host: {
+            static_libs: [
+                "libbinder_ndk",
+                "libbinder",
+            ],
+        },
+        darwin: {
+            enabled: false,
+        },
+    },
+    srcs: ["fuzzer.cpp"],
+    fuzz_config: {
+        cc: [
+            "smoreland@google.com",
+        ],
+    },
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.cpp b/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.cpp
index 5755ce5..ddc6ee0 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.cpp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.cpp
@@ -24,21 +24,23 @@
 namespace hardware {
 namespace vibrator {
 
-static constexpr int32_t kComposeDelayMaxMs = 1000;
-static constexpr int32_t kComposeSizeMax = 256;
-static constexpr int32_t kComposePwleSizeMax = 127;
+static constexpr int32_t COMPOSE_DELAY_MAX_MS = 1000;
+static constexpr int32_t COMPOSE_SIZE_MAX = 256;
+static constexpr int32_t COMPOSE_PWLE_SIZE_MAX = 127;
 
-static constexpr float kResonantFrequency = 150.0;
-static constexpr float kQFactor = 11.0;
+static constexpr float Q_FACTOR = 11.0;
 static constexpr int32_t COMPOSE_PWLE_PRIMITIVE_DURATION_MAX_MS = 16383;
 static constexpr float PWLE_LEVEL_MIN = 0.0;
-static constexpr float PWLE_LEVEL_MAX = 0.98256;
+static constexpr float PWLE_LEVEL_MAX = 1.0;
 static constexpr float PWLE_FREQUENCY_RESOLUTION_HZ = 1.0;
 static constexpr float PWLE_FREQUENCY_MIN_HZ = 140.0;
+static constexpr float RESONANT_FREQUENCY_HZ = 150.0;
 static constexpr float PWLE_FREQUENCY_MAX_HZ = 160.0;
+static constexpr float PWLE_BW_MAP_SIZE =
+        1 + ((PWLE_FREQUENCY_MAX_HZ - PWLE_FREQUENCY_MIN_HZ) / PWLE_FREQUENCY_RESOLUTION_HZ);
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getCapabilities(int32_t* _aidl_return) {
-    LOG(INFO) << "Vibrator reporting capabilities";
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Vibrator reporting capabilities";
     *_aidl_return = IVibrator::CAP_ON_CALLBACK | IVibrator::CAP_PERFORM_CALLBACK |
                     IVibrator::CAP_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL | IVibrator::CAP_EXTERNAL_CONTROL |
                     IVibrator::CAP_EXTERNAL_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL | IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS |
@@ -49,18 +51,18 @@
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::off() {
-    LOG(INFO) << "Vibrator off";
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Vibrator off";
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::on(int32_t timeoutMs,
                                 const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& callback) {
-    LOG(INFO) << "Vibrator on for timeoutMs: " << timeoutMs;
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Vibrator on for timeoutMs: " << timeoutMs;
     if (callback != nullptr) {
         std::thread([=] {
-            LOG(INFO) << "Starting on on another thread";
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << "Starting on on another thread";
             usleep(timeoutMs * 1000);
-            LOG(INFO) << "Notifying on complete";
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << "Notifying on complete";
             if (!callback->onComplete().isOk()) {
                 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to call onComplete";
             }
@@ -72,7 +74,7 @@
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::perform(Effect effect, EffectStrength strength,
                                      const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& callback,
                                      int32_t* _aidl_return) {
-    LOG(INFO) << "Vibrator perform";
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Vibrator perform";
 
     if (effect != Effect::CLICK && effect != Effect::TICK) {
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION));
@@ -86,9 +88,9 @@
 
     if (callback != nullptr) {
         std::thread([=] {
-            LOG(INFO) << "Starting perform on another thread";
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << "Starting perform on another thread";
             usleep(kEffectMillis * 1000);
-            LOG(INFO) << "Notifying perform complete";
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << "Notifying perform complete";
             callback->onComplete();
         }).detach();
     }
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::setAmplitude(float amplitude) {
-    LOG(INFO) << "Vibrator set amplitude: " << amplitude;
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Vibrator set amplitude: " << amplitude;
     if (amplitude <= 0.0f || amplitude > 1.0f) {
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT));
     }
@@ -111,17 +113,17 @@
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::setExternalControl(bool enabled) {
-    LOG(INFO) << "Vibrator set external control: " << enabled;
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Vibrator set external control: " << enabled;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getCompositionDelayMax(int32_t* maxDelayMs) {
-    *maxDelayMs = kComposeDelayMaxMs;
+    *maxDelayMs = COMPOSE_DELAY_MAX_MS;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getCompositionSizeMax(int32_t* maxSize) {
-    *maxSize = kComposeSizeMax;
+    *maxSize = COMPOSE_SIZE_MAX;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::compose(const std::vector<CompositeEffect>& composite,
                                      const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& callback) {
-    if (composite.size() > kComposeSizeMax) {
+    if (composite.size() > COMPOSE_SIZE_MAX) {
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
     }
 
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@
     getSupportedPrimitives(&supported);
 
     for (auto& e : composite) {
-        if (e.delayMs > kComposeDelayMaxMs) {
+        if (e.delayMs > COMPOSE_DELAY_MAX_MS) {
             return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
         }
         if (e.scale < 0.0f || e.scale > 1.0f) {
@@ -173,14 +175,14 @@
     }
 
     std::thread([=] {
-        LOG(INFO) << "Starting compose on another thread";
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << "Starting compose on another thread";
 
         for (auto& e : composite) {
             if (e.delayMs) {
                 usleep(e.delayMs * 1000);
             }
-            LOG(INFO) << "triggering primitive " << static_cast<int>(e.primitive) << " @ scale "
-                      << e.scale;
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << "triggering primitive " << static_cast<int>(e.primitive) << " @ scale "
+                         << e.scale;
 
             int32_t durationMs;
             getPrimitiveDuration(e.primitive, &durationMs);
@@ -188,7 +190,7 @@
         }
 
         if (callback != nullptr) {
-            LOG(INFO) << "Notifying perform complete";
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << "Notifying perform complete";
             callback->onComplete();
         }
     }).detach();
@@ -207,24 +209,24 @@
     if (std::find(effects.begin(), effects.end(), effect) == effects.end()) {
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
     } else {
-        LOG(INFO) << "Enabling always-on ID " << id << " with " << toString(effect) << "/"
-                  << toString(strength);
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << "Enabling always-on ID " << id << " with " << toString(effect) << "/"
+                     << toString(strength);
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
     }
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::alwaysOnDisable(int32_t id) {
-    LOG(INFO) << "Disabling always-on ID " << id;
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Disabling always-on ID " << id;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getResonantFrequency(float *resonantFreqHz) {
-    *resonantFreqHz = kResonantFrequency;
+    *resonantFreqHz = RESONANT_FREQUENCY_HZ;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getQFactor(float *qFactor) {
-    *qFactor = kQFactor;
+    *qFactor = Q_FACTOR;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -239,11 +241,26 @@
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getBandwidthAmplitudeMap(std::vector<float> *_aidl_return) {
-    // A valid array should be of size:
-    //     (PWLE_FREQUENCY_MAX_HZ - PWLE_FREQUENCY_MIN_HZ) / PWLE_FREQUENCY_RESOLUTION_HZ
-    *_aidl_return = {0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.10,
-                     0.11, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, 0.20};
-    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    // The output BandwidthAmplitudeMap will be as below and the maximum
+    // amplitude 1.0 will be set on RESONANT_FREQUENCY_HZ
+    // {0.9, 0.91, 0.92, 0.93, 0.94, 0.95, 0.96, 0.97, 0.98, 0.99, 1, 0.99, 0.98, 0.97,
+    // 0.96, 0.95, 0.94, 0.93, 0.92, 0.91, 0.9}
+    int32_t capabilities = 0;
+    int halfMapSize = PWLE_BW_MAP_SIZE / 2;
+    Vibrator::getCapabilities(&capabilities);
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_FREQUENCY_CONTROL) {
+        std::vector<float> bandwidthAmplitudeMap(PWLE_BW_MAP_SIZE, PWLE_LEVEL_MAX);
+        for (int i = 0; i < halfMapSize; ++i) {
+            bandwidthAmplitudeMap[halfMapSize + i + 1] =
+                    bandwidthAmplitudeMap[halfMapSize + i] - 0.01;
+            bandwidthAmplitudeMap[halfMapSize - i - 1] =
+                    bandwidthAmplitudeMap[halfMapSize - i] - 0.01;
+        }
+        *_aidl_return = bandwidthAmplitudeMap;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    } else {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    }
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getPwlePrimitiveDurationMax(int32_t *durationMs) {
@@ -252,7 +269,7 @@
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getPwleCompositionSizeMax(int32_t *maxSize) {
-    *maxSize = kComposePwleSizeMax;
+    *maxSize = COMPOSE_PWLE_SIZE_MAX;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -380,10 +397,10 @@
     }
 
     std::thread([=] {
-        LOG(INFO) << "Starting composePwle on another thread";
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << "Starting composePwle on another thread";
         usleep(totalDuration * 1000);
         if (callback != nullptr) {
-            LOG(INFO) << "Notifying compose PWLE complete";
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << "Notifying compose PWLE complete";
             callback->onComplete();
         }
     }).detach();
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/fuzzer.cpp b/vibrator/aidl/default/fuzzer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d52209
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/fuzzer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#include <fuzzbinder/libbinder_ndk_driver.h>
+#include <fuzzer/FuzzedDataProvider.h>
+#include <vibrator-impl/Vibrator.h>
+#include <vibrator-impl/VibratorManager.h>
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::Vibrator;
+using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::VibratorManager;
+using android::fuzzService;
+using ndk::SharedRefBase;
+
+extern "C" int LLVMFuzzerTestOneInput(const uint8_t* data, size_t size) {
+    auto managedVib = SharedRefBase::make<Vibrator>();
+    auto vibManager = SharedRefBase::make<VibratorManager>(std::move(managedVib));
+
+    fuzzService(vibManager->asBinder().get(), FuzzedDataProvider(data, size));
+
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/vts/VtsHalVibratorTargetTest.cpp b/vibrator/aidl/vts/VtsHalVibratorTargetTest.cpp
index 09cc21b..abb80a2 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/vts/VtsHalVibratorTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/vts/VtsHalVibratorTargetTest.cpp
@@ -167,9 +167,9 @@
         EXPECT_TRUE(isUnknownOrUnsupported(status)) << status;
     }
 
-    float freqMaximumHz =
-        (bandwidthAmplitudeMap.size() * getFrequencyResolutionHz(vibrator, capabilities)) +
-        getFrequencyMinimumHz(vibrator, capabilities);
+    float freqMaximumHz = ((bandwidthAmplitudeMap.size() - 1) *
+                           getFrequencyResolutionHz(vibrator, capabilities)) +
+                          getFrequencyMinimumHz(vibrator, capabilities);
     return freqMaximumHz;
 }
 
diff --git a/wifi/1.5/vts/functional/Android.bp b/wifi/1.5/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 764d14d..d906d06 100644
--- a/wifi/1.5/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/wifi/1.5/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -83,6 +83,7 @@
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.3",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.4",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.5",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.6",
         "libwifi-system-iface",
     ],
     test_suites: [
diff --git a/wifi/1.5/vts/functional/wifi_nan_iface_hidl_test.cpp b/wifi/1.5/vts/functional/wifi_nan_iface_hidl_test.cpp
index 803d39d..8474d78 100644
--- a/wifi/1.5/vts/functional/wifi_nan_iface_hidl_test.cpp
+++ b/wifi/1.5/vts/functional/wifi_nan_iface_hidl_test.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware/wifi/1.5/IWifi.h>
 #include <android/hardware/wifi/1.5/IWifiNanIface.h>
 #include <android/hardware/wifi/1.5/IWifiNanIfaceEventCallback.h>
+#include <android/hardware/wifi/1.6/IWifiNanIface.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
@@ -34,7 +35,6 @@
 using namespace ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_2;
 using namespace ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_4;
 using namespace ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_5;
-
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::hardware::Return;
 using ::android::hardware::Void;
@@ -586,6 +586,11 @@
  * getCapabilitiesRequest: validate that returns capabilities.
  */
 TEST_P(WifiNanIfaceHidlTest, getCapabilitiesRequest_1_5) {
+    sp<::android::hardware::wifi::V1_6::IWifiNanIface> iface_converted =
+            ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_6::IWifiNanIface::castFrom(iwifiNanIface);
+    if (iface_converted != nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
     uint16_t inputCmdId = 10;
     callbackType = INVALID;
     const auto& halStatus =
diff --git a/wifi/1.6/vts/functional/wifi_chip_hidl_test.cpp b/wifi/1.6/vts/functional/wifi_chip_hidl_test.cpp
index 54fb721..7c5b7e6 100644
--- a/wifi/1.6/vts/functional/wifi_chip_hidl_test.cpp
+++ b/wifi/1.6/vts/functional/wifi_chip_hidl_test.cpp
@@ -91,6 +91,34 @@
     WifiBand band = WifiBand::BAND_24GHZ_5GHZ_6GHZ;
     const auto& statusNonEmpty =
             HIDL_INVOKE(wifi_chip_, getUsableChannels_1_6, band, ifaceModeMask, filterMask);
+    if (statusNonEmpty.first.code == WifiStatusCode::ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Skipping this test since getUsableChannels() is not supported by vendor.";
+    }
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(WifiStatusCode::SUCCESS, statusNonEmpty.first.code);
+}
+
+/* getAvailableModes_1_6:
+ * Ensures that a call to getAvailableModes_1_6 will return with a success status code.
+ */
+TEST_P(WifiChipHidlTest, getAvailableModes_1_6) {
+    const auto& status_and_modes = HIDL_INVOKE(wifi_chip_, getAvailableModes_1_6);
+    EXPECT_EQ(WifiStatusCode::SUCCESS, status_and_modes.first.code);
+    EXPECT_LT(0u, status_and_modes.second.size());
+}
+
+/*
+ * getSupportedRadioCombinationsMatrix:
+ * Ensure that a call to getSupportedRadioCombinationsMatrix will return
+ * with a success status code.
+ */
+TEST_P(WifiChipHidlTest, getSupportedRadioCombinationsMatrix) {
+    configureChipForIfaceType(IfaceType::STA, true);
+    const auto& statusNonEmpty = HIDL_INVOKE(wifi_chip_, getSupportedRadioCombinationsMatrix);
+    if (statusNonEmpty.first.code == WifiStatusCode::ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Skipping this test since getSupportedRadioCombinationsMatrix() is not "
+                        "supported by vendor.";
+    }
 
     EXPECT_EQ(WifiStatusCode::SUCCESS, statusNonEmpty.first.code);
 }
diff --git a/wifi/1.6/vts/functional/wifi_nan_iface_hidl_test.cpp b/wifi/1.6/vts/functional/wifi_nan_iface_hidl_test.cpp
index bf9e230..7bcc6d3 100644
--- a/wifi/1.6/vts/functional/wifi_nan_iface_hidl_test.cpp
+++ b/wifi/1.6/vts/functional/wifi_nan_iface_hidl_test.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "wifi_hidl_call_util.h"
 #include "wifi_hidl_test_utils.h"
@@ -604,6 +605,189 @@
     }
 }
 
+/*
+ * notifyCapabilitiesResponse_1_6: validate that returns capabilities.
+ */
+TEST_P(WifiNanIfaceHidlTest, notifyCapabilitiesResponse_1_6) {
+    uint16_t inputCmdId = 10;
+    callbackType = INVALID;
+    const auto& halStatus = HIDL_INVOKE(iwifiNanIface, getCapabilitiesRequest_1_5, inputCmdId).code;
+    ASSERT_EQ(WifiStatusCode::SUCCESS, halStatus);
+    // wait for a callback
+    ASSERT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait(NOTIFY_CAPABILITIES_RESPONSE_1_6));
+    ASSERT_EQ(NOTIFY_CAPABILITIES_RESPONSE_1_6, callbackType);
+    ASSERT_EQ(id, inputCmdId);
+    ASSERT_EQ(status.status, NanStatusType::SUCCESS);
+
+    // check for reasonable capability values
+    EXPECT_GT(capabilities_1_6.maxConcurrentClusters, (unsigned int)0);
+    EXPECT_GT(capabilities_1_6.maxPublishes, (unsigned int)0);
+    EXPECT_GT(capabilities_1_6.maxSubscribes, (unsigned int)0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(capabilities_1_6.maxServiceNameLen, (unsigned int)255);
+    EXPECT_EQ(capabilities_1_6.maxMatchFilterLen, (unsigned int)255);
+    EXPECT_GT(capabilities_1_6.maxTotalMatchFilterLen, (unsigned int)255);
+    EXPECT_EQ(capabilities_1_6.maxServiceSpecificInfoLen, (unsigned int)255);
+    EXPECT_GE(capabilities_1_6.maxExtendedServiceSpecificInfoLen, (unsigned int)255);
+    EXPECT_GT(capabilities_1_6.maxNdiInterfaces, (unsigned int)0);
+    EXPECT_GT(capabilities_1_6.maxNdpSessions, (unsigned int)0);
+    EXPECT_GT(capabilities_1_6.maxAppInfoLen, (unsigned int)0);
+    EXPECT_GT(capabilities_1_6.maxQueuedTransmitFollowupMsgs, (unsigned int)0);
+    EXPECT_GT(capabilities_1_6.maxSubscribeInterfaceAddresses, (unsigned int)0);
+    EXPECT_NE(capabilities_1_6.supportedCipherSuites, (unsigned int)0);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(capabilities_1_6.instantCommunicationModeSupportFlag ||
+                !capabilities_1_6.instantCommunicationModeSupportFlag);
+}
+
+/*
+ * startPublishRequest_1_6: validate that success with valid arguments
+ */
+TEST_P(WifiNanIfaceHidlTest, startPublishRequest_1_6) {
+    uint16_t inputCmdId = 10;
+    ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::NanBandSpecificConfig config24 = {};
+    config24.rssiClose = 60;
+    config24.rssiMiddle = 70;
+    config24.rssiCloseProximity = 60;
+    config24.dwellTimeMs = 200;
+    config24.scanPeriodSec = 20;
+    config24.validDiscoveryWindowIntervalVal = false;
+    config24.discoveryWindowIntervalVal = 0;
+
+    ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::NanBandSpecificConfig config5 = {};
+    config5.rssiClose = 60;
+    config5.rssiMiddle = 75;
+    config5.rssiCloseProximity = 60;
+    config5.dwellTimeMs = 200;
+    config5.scanPeriodSec = 20;
+    config5.validDiscoveryWindowIntervalVal = false;
+    config5.discoveryWindowIntervalVal = 0;
+    ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_4::NanEnableRequest req = {};
+    req.operateInBand[(size_t)::android::hardware::wifi::V1_4::NanBandIndex::NAN_BAND_24GHZ] = true;
+    req.operateInBand[(size_t)::android::hardware::wifi::V1_4::NanBandIndex::NAN_BAND_5GHZ] = false;
+    req.hopCountMax = 2;
+    req.configParams.masterPref = 0;
+    req.configParams.disableDiscoveryAddressChangeIndication = true;
+    req.configParams.disableStartedClusterIndication = true;
+    req.configParams.disableJoinedClusterIndication = true;
+    req.configParams.includePublishServiceIdsInBeacon = true;
+    req.configParams.numberOfPublishServiceIdsInBeacon = 0;
+    req.configParams.includeSubscribeServiceIdsInBeacon = true;
+    req.configParams.numberOfSubscribeServiceIdsInBeacon = 0;
+    req.configParams.rssiWindowSize = 8;
+    req.configParams.macAddressRandomizationIntervalSec = 1800;
+    req.configParams.bandSpecificConfig[(
+            size_t)::android::hardware::wifi::V1_4::NanBandIndex::NAN_BAND_24GHZ] = config24;
+    req.configParams.bandSpecificConfig[(
+            size_t)::android::hardware::wifi::V1_4::NanBandIndex::NAN_BAND_5GHZ] = config5;
+
+    req.debugConfigs.validClusterIdVals = true;
+    req.debugConfigs.clusterIdTopRangeVal = 65535;
+    req.debugConfigs.clusterIdBottomRangeVal = 0;
+    req.debugConfigs.validIntfAddrVal = false;
+    req.debugConfigs.validOuiVal = false;
+    req.debugConfigs.ouiVal = 0;
+    req.debugConfigs.validRandomFactorForceVal = false;
+    req.debugConfigs.randomFactorForceVal = 0;
+    req.debugConfigs.validHopCountForceVal = false;
+    req.debugConfigs.hopCountForceVal = 0;
+    req.debugConfigs.validDiscoveryChannelVal = false;
+    req.debugConfigs.discoveryChannelMhzVal[(
+            size_t)::android::hardware::wifi::V1_4::NanBandIndex::NAN_BAND_24GHZ] = 0;
+    req.debugConfigs.discoveryChannelMhzVal[(
+            size_t)::android::hardware::wifi::V1_4::NanBandIndex::NAN_BAND_5GHZ] = 0;
+    req.debugConfigs.validUseBeaconsInBandVal = false;
+    req.debugConfigs.useBeaconsInBandVal[(
+            size_t)::android::hardware::wifi::V1_4::NanBandIndex::NAN_BAND_24GHZ] = true;
+    req.debugConfigs.useBeaconsInBandVal[(
+            size_t)::android::hardware::wifi::V1_4::NanBandIndex::NAN_BAND_5GHZ] = true;
+    req.debugConfigs.validUseSdfInBandVal = false;
+    req.debugConfigs.useSdfInBandVal[(
+            size_t)::android::hardware::wifi::V1_4::NanBandIndex::NAN_BAND_24GHZ] = true;
+    req.debugConfigs
+            .useSdfInBandVal[(size_t)::android::hardware::wifi::V1_4::NanBandIndex::NAN_BAND_5GHZ] =
+            true;
+
+    ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_6::NanConfigRequestSupplemental nanConfigRequestSupp = {};
+    nanConfigRequestSupp.V1_5.V1_2.discoveryBeaconIntervalMs = 20;
+    nanConfigRequestSupp.V1_5.V1_2.numberOfSpatialStreamsInDiscovery = 0;
+    nanConfigRequestSupp.V1_5.V1_2.enableDiscoveryWindowEarlyTermination = false;
+
+    callbackType = INVALID;
+
+    const auto& halStatus =
+            HIDL_INVOKE(iwifiNanIface, enableRequest_1_6, inputCmdId, req, nanConfigRequestSupp);
+    if (halStatus.code != WifiStatusCode::ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(WifiStatusCode::SUCCESS, halStatus.code);
+
+        // wait for a callback
+        ASSERT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait(NOTIFY_ENABLE_RESPONSE));
+        ASSERT_EQ(NOTIFY_ENABLE_RESPONSE, callbackType);
+        ASSERT_EQ(id, inputCmdId);
+        ASSERT_EQ(status.status, NanStatusType::SUCCESS);
+    }
+    ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_6::NanPublishRequest nanPublishRequest = {};
+    nanPublishRequest.baseConfigs.sessionId = 0;
+    nanPublishRequest.baseConfigs.ttlSec = 0;
+    nanPublishRequest.baseConfigs.discoveryWindowPeriod = 1;
+    nanPublishRequest.baseConfigs.discoveryCount = 0;
+    nanPublishRequest.baseConfigs.serviceName = {97};
+
+    nanPublishRequest.baseConfigs.discoveryMatchIndicator = NanMatchAlg::MATCH_NEVER;
+    nanPublishRequest.baseConfigs.useRssiThreshold = false;
+    nanPublishRequest.baseConfigs.disableDiscoveryTerminationIndication = false;
+    nanPublishRequest.baseConfigs.disableMatchExpirationIndication = true;
+    nanPublishRequest.baseConfigs.disableFollowupReceivedIndication = false;
+    nanPublishRequest.baseConfigs.securityConfig.securityType = NanDataPathSecurityType::OPEN;
+    nanPublishRequest.autoAcceptDataPathRequests = false;
+    nanPublishRequest.publishType = NanPublishType::UNSOLICITED;
+    nanPublishRequest.txType = NanTxType::BROADCAST;
+
+    const auto& halStatus1 =
+            HIDL_INVOKE(iwifiNanIface, startPublishRequest_1_6, inputCmdId + 1, nanPublishRequest);
+
+    if (halStatus1.code != WifiStatusCode::ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(WifiStatusCode::SUCCESS, halStatus1.code);
+
+        // wait for a callback
+        ASSERT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait(NOTIFY_START_PUBLISH_RESPONSE));
+        ASSERT_EQ(NOTIFY_START_PUBLISH_RESPONSE, callbackType);
+        ASSERT_EQ(id, inputCmdId + 1);
+        ASSERT_EQ(status.status, NanStatusType::SUCCESS);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * respondToDataPathIndicationRequest_1_6InvalidArgs: validate that fails with invalid arguments
+ */
+TEST_P(WifiNanIfaceHidlTest, respondToDataPathIndicationRequest_1_6ShimInvalidArgs) {
+    uint16_t inputCmdId = 10;
+    callbackType = INVALID;
+    ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_6::NanRespondToDataPathIndicationRequest
+            nanRespondToDataPathIndicationRequest = {};
+    nanRespondToDataPathIndicationRequest.ifaceName = "AwareinterfaceNameTooLong";
+    const auto& halStatus = HIDL_INVOKE(iwifiNanIface, respondToDataPathIndicationRequest_1_6,
+                                        inputCmdId, nanRespondToDataPathIndicationRequest);
+
+    if (halStatus.code != WifiStatusCode::ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(WifiStatusCode::ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, halStatus.code);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * initiateDataPathRequest_1_6InvalidArgs: validate that fails with invalid arguments
+ */
+TEST_P(WifiNanIfaceHidlTest, initiateDataPathRequest_1_6ShimInvalidArgs) {
+    uint16_t inputCmdId = 10;
+    callbackType = INVALID;
+    ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_6::NanInitiateDataPathRequest nanInitiateDataPathRequest = {};
+    nanInitiateDataPathRequest.ifaceName = "AwareinterfaceNameTooLong";
+    const auto& halStatus = HIDL_INVOKE(iwifiNanIface, initiateDataPathRequest_1_6, inputCmdId,
+                                        nanInitiateDataPathRequest);
+
+    if (halStatus.code != WifiStatusCode::ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(WifiStatusCode::ERROR_INVALID_ARGS, halStatus.code);
+    }
+}
+
 GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(WifiNanIfaceHidlTest);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, WifiNanIfaceHidlTest,
                          testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
diff --git a/wifi/netlinkinterceptor/vts/functional/Android.bp b/wifi/netlinkinterceptor/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 33284e8..80608a7 100644
--- a/wifi/netlinkinterceptor/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/wifi/netlinkinterceptor/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -34,13 +34,13 @@
         "interceptor_aidl_test.cpp",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.net.nlinterceptor-V1-ndk",
         "libbase",
         "libbinder_ndk",
     ],
     static_libs: [
-        "libgmock",
+        "android.hardware.net.nlinterceptor-V1-ndk",
         "android.hardware.automotive.can@libnetdevice",
+        "libgmock",
         "libnl++",
     ],
     test_suites: [
diff --git a/wifi/supplicant/aidl/vts/functional/supplicant_sta_iface_aidl_test.cpp b/wifi/supplicant/aidl/vts/functional/supplicant_sta_iface_aidl_test.cpp
index 2ed6a0e..272a427 100644
--- a/wifi/supplicant/aidl/vts/functional/supplicant_sta_iface_aidl_test.cpp
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/aidl/vts/functional/supplicant_sta_iface_aidl_test.cpp
@@ -43,7 +43,6 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::ISupplicantStaIface;
 using aidl::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::ISupplicantStaNetwork;
 using aidl::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::KeyMgmtMask;
-using aidl::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::RxFilterType;
 using aidl::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::WpaDriverCapabilitiesMask;
 using aidl::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::WpsConfigMethods;
 using android::ProcessState;
@@ -544,36 +543,6 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * StartRxFilter
- */
-TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceAidlTest, StartRxFilter) {
-    EXPECT_TRUE(sta_iface_->startRxFilter().isOk());
-}
-
-/*
- * StopRxFilter
- */
-TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceAidlTest, StopRxFilter) {
-    EXPECT_TRUE(sta_iface_->stopRxFilter().isOk());
-}
-
-/*
- * AddRxFilter
- */
-TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceAidlTest, AddRxFilter) {
-    EXPECT_TRUE(sta_iface_->addRxFilter(RxFilterType::V4_MULTICAST).isOk());
-    EXPECT_TRUE(sta_iface_->addRxFilter(RxFilterType::V6_MULTICAST).isOk());
-}
-
-/*
- * RemoveRxFilter
- */
-TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceAidlTest, RemoveRxFilter) {
-    EXPECT_TRUE(sta_iface_->removeRxFilter(RxFilterType::V4_MULTICAST).isOk());
-    EXPECT_TRUE(sta_iface_->removeRxFilter(RxFilterType::V6_MULTICAST).isOk());
-}
-
-/*
  * AddExtRadioWork
  */
 TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceAidlTest, AddExtRadioWork) {