diff --git a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/Android.bp b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/Android.bp
index 4816219..4e8390a 100644
--- a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
         "libnativewindow",
     ],
     srcs: [
+        "FakeLockoutTracker.cpp",
         "main.cpp",
         "Face.cpp",
         "FakeFaceEngine.cpp",
@@ -63,6 +64,33 @@
     srcs: [
         "tests/FakeFaceEngineTest.cpp",
         "FakeFaceEngine.cpp",
+        "FakeLockoutTracker.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "libnativewindow",
+    ],
+    include_dirs: [
+        "frameworks/native/aidl/gui",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libandroid.hardware.biometrics.face.VirtualProps",
+        "android.hardware.biometrics.face-V4-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.biometrics.common-V4-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.keymaster-V4-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.biometrics.common.util",
+    ],
+    vendor: true,
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    require_root: true,
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "android.hardware.biometrics.face.FakeLockoutTrackerTest",
+    srcs: [
+        "tests/FakeLockoutTrackerTest.cpp",
+        "FakeLockoutTracker.cpp",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
diff --git a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeFaceEngine.cpp b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeFaceEngine.cpp
index dc524bb..7380611 100644
--- a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeFaceEngine.cpp
+++ b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeFaceEngine.cpp
@@ -1,3 +1,21 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "FaceVirtualHalEngine"
+
 #include "FakeFaceEngine.h"
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
@@ -186,6 +204,10 @@
         return;
     }
 
+    if (mLockoutTracker.checkIfLockout(cb)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     int i = 0;
     do {
         if (FaceHalProperties::lockout().value_or(false)) {
@@ -197,6 +219,7 @@
 
         if (FaceHalProperties::operation_authenticate_fails().value_or(false)) {
             LOG(ERROR) << "Fail: operation_authenticate_fails";
+            mLockoutTracker.addFailedAttempt(cb);
             cb->onAuthenticationFailed();
             return;
         }
@@ -231,10 +254,12 @@
     } while (!Util::hasElapsed(now, duration));
 
     if (id > 0 && isEnrolled) {
+        mLockoutTracker.reset();
         cb->onAuthenticationSucceeded(id, {} /* hat */);
         return;
     } else {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Fail: face not enrolled";
+        mLockoutTracker.addFailedAttempt(cb);
         cb->onAuthenticationFailed();
         cb->onError(Error::TIMEOUT, 0 /* vendorError*/);
         return;
@@ -389,6 +414,7 @@
                                       const keymaster::HardwareAuthToken& /*hat*/) {
     BEGIN_OP(0);
     FaceHalProperties::lockout(false);
+    mLockoutTracker.reset();
     cb->onLockoutCleared();
 }
 
diff --git a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeFaceEngine.h b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeFaceEngine.h
index 06dd396..8d9303c 100644
--- a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeFaceEngine.h
+++ b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeFaceEngine.h
@@ -16,18 +16,17 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#define LOG_TAG "FaceVirtualHal"
-
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/common/SensorStrength.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/face/BnSession.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/face/FaceSensorType.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/face/ISessionCallback.h>
 
-#include <random>
-
 #include <future>
+#include <random>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include "FakeLockoutTracker.h"
+
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::face {
 
 namespace face = aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::face;
@@ -39,6 +38,7 @@
 class FakeFaceEngine {
   public:
     FakeFaceEngine() : mRandom(std::mt19937::default_seed) {}
+    virtual ~FakeFaceEngine() {}
 
     static face::FaceSensorType GetSensorType();
     static common::SensorStrength GetSensorStrength();
@@ -61,6 +61,13 @@
     void invalidateAuthenticatorIdImpl(ISessionCallback* cb);
     void resetLockoutImpl(ISessionCallback* cb, const keymaster::HardwareAuthToken& /*hat*/);
 
+    virtual std::string toString() const {
+        std::ostringstream os;
+        os << "----- FakeFaceEngine:: -----" << std::endl;
+        os << mLockoutTracker.toString();
+        return os.str();
+    }
+
     std::mt19937 mRandom;
 
   private:
@@ -68,6 +75,7 @@
     static constexpr int32_t FACE_ERROR_VENDOR_BASE = 1000;
     std::pair<AcquiredInfo, int32_t> convertAcquiredInfo(int32_t code);
     std::pair<Error, int32_t> convertError(int32_t code);
+    FakeLockoutTracker mLockoutTracker;
 };
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::face
diff --git a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeLockoutTracker.cpp b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeLockoutTracker.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70bf08e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeLockoutTracker.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "FaceVirtualHalLockoutTracker"
+
+#include "FakeLockoutTracker.h"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <face.sysprop.h>
+#include "util/Util.h"
+
+using namespace ::android::face::virt;
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::face {
+
+void FakeLockoutTracker::reset(bool dueToTimerExpire) {
+    if (!dueToTimerExpire) {
+        mFailedCount = 0;
+        mLastFailedTime = 0;
+    }
+    mTimedFailedCount = 0;
+    mCurrentMode = LockoutMode::kNone;
+    abortTimer();
+}
+
+void FakeLockoutTracker::addFailedAttempt(ISessionCallback* cb) {
+    bool lockoutEnabled = FaceHalProperties::lockout_enable().value_or(false);
+    bool timedLockoutenabled = FaceHalProperties::lockout_timed_enable().value_or(false);
+    if (lockoutEnabled) {
+        mFailedCount++;
+        mTimedFailedCount++;
+        mLastFailedTime = Util::getSystemNanoTime();
+        int32_t lockoutTimedThreshold = FaceHalProperties::lockout_timed_threshold().value_or(3);
+        int32_t lockoutPermanetThreshold =
+                FaceHalProperties::lockout_permanent_threshold().value_or(5);
+        if (mFailedCount >= lockoutPermanetThreshold) {
+            mCurrentMode = LockoutMode::kPermanent;
+            LOG(ERROR) << "FakeLockoutTracker: lockoutPermanent";
+            cb->onLockoutPermanent();
+            abortTimer();
+        } else if (timedLockoutenabled && mTimedFailedCount >= lockoutTimedThreshold) {
+            if (mCurrentMode == LockoutMode::kNone) {
+                mCurrentMode = LockoutMode::kTimed;
+                startLockoutTimer(getTimedLockoutDuration(), cb);
+            }
+            LOG(ERROR) << "FakeLockoutTracker: lockoutTimed";
+            cb->onLockoutTimed(getLockoutTimeLeft());
+        }
+    } else {
+        reset();
+    }
+}
+
+FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode FakeLockoutTracker::getMode() {
+    return mCurrentMode;
+}
+
+int32_t FakeLockoutTracker::getTimedLockoutDuration() {
+    return FaceHalProperties::lockout_timed_duration().value_or(10 * 1000);
+}
+
+int64_t FakeLockoutTracker::getLockoutTimeLeft() {
+    int64_t res = 0;
+
+    if (mLastFailedTime > 0) {
+        auto now = Util::getSystemNanoTime();
+        auto elapsed = (now - mLastFailedTime) / 1000000LL;
+        res = getTimedLockoutDuration() - elapsed;
+        LOG(INFO) << "elapsed=" << elapsed << " now = " << now
+                  << " mLastFailedTime=" << mLastFailedTime << " res=" << res;
+    }
+
+    return res;
+}
+
+bool FakeLockoutTracker::checkIfLockout(ISessionCallback* cb) {
+    if (mCurrentMode == LockoutMode::kPermanent) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Lockout permanent";
+        cb->onLockoutPermanent();
+        return true;
+    } else if (mCurrentMode == LockoutMode::kTimed) {
+        auto timeLeft = getLockoutTimeLeft();
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Lockout timed " << timeLeft;
+        cb->onLockoutTimed(timeLeft);
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void FakeLockoutTracker::startLockoutTimer(int64_t timeout, ISessionCallback* cb) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "startLockoutTimer: to=" << timeout;
+    if (mIsLockoutTimerStarted) return;
+    std::function<void(ISessionCallback*)> action =
+            std::bind(&FakeLockoutTracker::lockoutTimerExpired, this, std::placeholders::_1);
+    std::thread([timeout, action, cb]() {
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(timeout));
+        action(cb);
+    }).detach();
+
+    mIsLockoutTimerStarted = true;
+}
+
+void FakeLockoutTracker::lockoutTimerExpired(ISessionCallback* cb) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "lockout timer expired";
+    mIsLockoutTimerStarted = false;
+
+    if (mIsLockoutTimerAborted) {
+        mIsLockoutTimerAborted = false;
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // if more failures seen since the timer started, need to restart timer again
+    auto deltaTime = getLockoutTimeLeft();
+    if (deltaTime <= 0) {
+        cb->onLockoutCleared();
+        reset(true);
+    } else {
+        startLockoutTimer(deltaTime, cb);
+    }
+}
+
+void FakeLockoutTracker::abortTimer() {
+    if (mIsLockoutTimerStarted) mIsLockoutTimerAborted = true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::face
diff --git a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeLockoutTracker.h b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeLockoutTracker.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2d38f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/FakeLockoutTracker.h
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/face/ISessionCallback.h>
+#include <android/binder_to_string.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::face {
+
+// Lockout implementation for Face Virtual HAL
+class FakeLockoutTracker {
+  public:
+    FakeLockoutTracker()
+        : mFailedCount(0),
+          mLastFailedTime(0),
+          mIsLockoutTimerStarted(false),
+          mIsLockoutTimerAborted(false) {}
+    ~FakeLockoutTracker() {}
+
+    enum class LockoutMode : int8_t { kNone = 0, kTimed, kPermanent };
+
+    bool checkIfLockout(ISessionCallback*);
+    void addFailedAttempt(ISessionCallback*);
+    int64_t getLockoutTimeLeft();
+    LockoutMode getMode();
+    void reset(bool dueToTimerExpire = false);
+    inline std::string toString() const {
+        std::ostringstream os;
+        os << "----- FakeLockoutTracker:: -----" << std::endl;
+        os << "mFailedCount:" << mFailedCount;
+        os << ", mCurrentMode:" << (int)mCurrentMode;
+        os << ", mLastFailedTime:" << (int)(mLastFailedTime / 1000000LL);
+        os << ",  mIsLockoutTimerStarted:" << mIsLockoutTimerStarted;
+        os << ", mIsLockoutTimerAborted:" << mIsLockoutTimerAborted;
+        os << std::endl;
+        return os.str();
+    }
+
+  private:
+    void startLockoutTimer(int64_t timeout, ISessionCallback* cb);
+    void lockoutTimerExpired(ISessionCallback* cb);
+    int32_t getTimedLockoutDuration();
+    void abortTimer();
+
+  private:
+    int32_t mFailedCount;
+    int32_t mTimedFailedCount;
+    int64_t mLastFailedTime;
+    LockoutMode mCurrentMode;
+    bool mIsLockoutTimerStarted;
+    bool mIsLockoutTimerAborted;
+};
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::face
diff --git a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/README.md b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/README.md
index 9225258..c9a8cfe 100644
--- a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/README.md
+++ b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/README.md
@@ -51,31 +51,31 @@
 
 To authenticate successfully, the captured (hit) must match the enrollment id<br/>
 set above. To trigger authentication failure, set the hit id to a different value.
-```shell
+`shell
 $ adb shell setprop vendor.face.virtual.operation_authenticate_duration 800
-$ adb shell setprop vendor.face.virtual.enrollment_hit 1
-```
+$ adb shell setprop vendor.face.virtual.enrollment_hit 1`
 
 ### AcquiredInfo
+
 AcquiredInfo codes can be sent during authentication by specifying the sysprop.<br/>
 The codes is sent in sequence and in the interval of operation_authentication_duration/numberOfAcquiredInfoCode
-```shell
-$ adb shell setprop vendor.face.virtual.operation_authenticate_acquired 6,9,1013
-```
+`shell
+$ adb shell setprop vendor.face.virtual.operation_authenticate_acquired 6,9,1013`
 Refer to [AcquiredInfo.aidl](https://source.corp.google.com/h/googleplex-android/platform/superproject/main/+/main:hardware/interfaces/biometrics/face/aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/face/AcquiredInfo.aidl) for full face acquiredInfo codes.
 Note: For vendor specific acquired info, acquiredInfo = 1000 + vendorCode.
 
 ### Error Insertion
-Error can be inserted during authentction by specifying the authenticate_error sysprop.
-```shell
-$ adb shell setprop vendor.face.virtual.operation_authenticate_error 4
-```
-Refer to [Error.aidl](https://source.corp.google.com/h/googleplex-android/platform/superproject/main/+/main:hardware/interfaces/biometrics/face/aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/face/Error.aidl) for full face error codes
 
+Error can be inserted during authentction by specifying the authenticate_error
+sysprop. `shell $ adb shell setprop
+vendor.face.virtual.operation_authenticate_error 4` Refer to
+[Error.aidl](https://source.corp.google.com/h/googleplex-android/platform/superproject/main/+/main:hardware/interfaces/biometrics/face/aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/face/Error.aidl)
+for full face error codes
 
 ## Enrollment via Settings
 
-Enrollment process is specified by sysprop `next_enrollment` in the following format
+Enrollment process is specified by sysprop `next_enrollment` in the following
+format
 
 ```shell
 Format: <id>:<progress_ms-[acquiredInfo,...],...:<success>
@@ -88,7 +88,40 @@
 E.g.
 $ adb shell setprop vendor.face.virtual.next_enrollment 1:6000-[21,8,1,1108,1,10,1113,1,1118,1124]:true
 ```
+
 If next_enrollment prop is not set, the following default value is used:<br/>
 &nbsp;&nbsp;defaultNextEnrollment="1:1000-[21,7,1,1103],1500-[1108,1],2000-[1113,1],2500-[1118,1]:true"<br/>
 Note: Enrollment data and configuration can be supported upon request in case of needs
 
+## Lockout
+
+Device lockout is based on the number of consecutive failed authentication attempts. There are a few
+flavors of lockout mechanisms that are supported by virtula HAL <br/>
+
+### Permanent Lockout
+
+There are two sysprop to control permanent lockout <br/>
+1. general lockout feature enable <br/>
+2. threshold of failed attempts <br/>
+`shell
+$ adb shell setprop persist.vendor.face.virtual.lockout_enable true
+$ adb shell setprop persist.vendor.face.virtual.lockout_permanent_threshold 3`
+
+### Temporary Lockout
+
+There are a few parameters to control temporary lockout (aka timed lockout): <br/>
+1. enable lockout (general lockout feature enable, and timed lcokout enable) <br/>
+2. threshold of failed attempts <br/>
+3. timeout in ms <br/>
+`shell
+$ adb shell setprop persist.vendor.face.virtual.lockout_enable true
+$ adb shell setprop persist.vendor.face.virtual.lockout_timed_enable true
+$ adb shell setprop persist.vendor.face.virtual.lockout_timed_threshold 5
+$ adb shell setprop persist.vendor.face.virtual.lockout_timed_duration 10000`
+
+### Forced Lockout
+
+A permanent lockout can be inserted on next authentication attempt independent of the failed <br/>
+attempt count. This is a feature purely for test purpose.
+`shell
+$ adb shell setprop persist.vendor.face.virtual.lockout true`
diff --git a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/face.sysprop b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/face.sysprop
index be32015..95b0b43 100644
--- a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/face.sysprop
+++ b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/face.sysprop
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
     api_name: "challenge"
 }
 
-# if locked out
+# if forced to lock out (Default to false)
 prop {
     prop_name: "vendor.face.virtual.lockout"
     type: Boolean
@@ -176,3 +176,47 @@
     api_name: "operation_authenticate_acquired"
 }
 
+# whether support lockout based on the failed auth attempts (default: false)
+prop {
+    prop_name: "persist.vendor.face.virtual.lockout_enable"
+    type: Boolean
+    scope: Internal
+    access: ReadWrite
+    api_name: "lockout_enable"
+}
+
+# whether support timed_lockout based on the failed auth attempts (default: false)
+prop {
+    prop_name: "persist.vendor.face.virtual.lockout_timed_enable"
+    type: Boolean
+    scope: Internal
+    access: ReadWrite
+    api_name: "lockout_timed_enable"
+}
+
+# temperory lockout threshold  in number of consecutive failed auth attempts
+prop {
+    prop_name: "persist.vendor.face.virtual.lockout_timed_threshold"
+    type: Integer
+    scope: Internal
+    access: ReadWrite
+    api_name: "lockout_timed_threshold"
+}
+
+# temporary lockout duration in ms (default: 10000ms)
+prop {
+    prop_name: "persist.vendor.face.virtual.lockout_timed_duration"
+    type: Integer
+    scope: Internal
+    access: ReadWrite
+    api_name: "lockout_timed_duration"
+}
+
+# permanently lockout threshold  in number of consecutive failed auth attempts
+prop {
+    prop_name: "persist.vendor.face.virtual.lockout_permanent_threshold"
+    type: Integer
+    scope: Internal
+    access: ReadWrite
+    api_name: "lockout_permanent_threshold"
+}
diff --git a/biometrics/face/aidl/default/tests/FakeLockoutTrackerTest.cpp b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/tests/FakeLockoutTrackerTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa07d1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/biometrics/face/aidl/default/tests/FakeLockoutTrackerTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/biometrics/face/BnSessionCallback.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+#include <face.sysprop.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include "FakeLockoutTracker.h"
+#include "util/Util.h"
+
+using namespace ::android::face::virt;
+using namespace ::aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::face;
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::face {
+
+class TestSessionCallback : public BnSessionCallback {
+  public:
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus onChallengeGenerated(int64_t /*challenge*/) override {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onChallengeRevoked(int64_t /*challenge*/) override {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onError(face::Error, int32_t /*vendorCode*/) override {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onEnrollmentProgress(int32_t /*enrollmentId*/,
+                                              int32_t /*remaining*/) override {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onAuthenticationSucceeded(int32_t /*enrollmentId*/,
+                                                   const keymaster::HardwareAuthToken&) override {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onAuthenticationFailed() override { return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok(); };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onInteractionDetected() override { return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok(); };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onEnrollmentsEnumerated(const std::vector<int32_t>&) override {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onEnrollmentsRemoved(
+            const std::vector<int32_t>& /*enrollmentIds*/) override {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onAuthenticatorIdRetrieved(int64_t /*authenticatorId*/) override {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onAuthenticatorIdInvalidated(int64_t /*authenticatorId*/) override {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onEnrollmentFrame(const EnrollmentFrame&) override {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onFeaturesRetrieved(const std::vector<Feature>&) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onFeatureSet(Feature) override { return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok(); }
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onSessionClosed() override { return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok(); }
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onAuthenticationFrame(const AuthenticationFrame&) override {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus onLockoutTimed(int64_t timeLeft) override {
+        mLockoutTimed++;
+        mTimeLeft = timeLeft;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onLockoutPermanent() override {
+        mLockoutPermanent++;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus onLockoutCleared() override {
+        mTimeLeft = 0;
+        mLockoutTimed = 0;
+        mLockoutPermanent = 0;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+
+    int64_t mTimeLeft = 0;
+    int mLockoutTimed = 0;
+    int mLockoutPermanent = 0;
+};
+
+class FakeLockoutTrackerTest : public ::testing::Test {
+  protected:
+    static constexpr int32_t LOCKOUT_TIMED_THRESHOLD = 3;
+    static constexpr int32_t LOCKOUT_PERMANENT_THRESHOLD = 5;
+    static constexpr int32_t LOCKOUT_TIMED_DURATION = 100;
+
+    void SetUp() override {
+        FaceHalProperties::lockout_timed_threshold(LOCKOUT_TIMED_THRESHOLD);
+        FaceHalProperties::lockout_timed_duration(LOCKOUT_TIMED_DURATION);
+        FaceHalProperties::lockout_permanent_threshold(LOCKOUT_PERMANENT_THRESHOLD);
+        mCallback = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<TestSessionCallback>();
+    }
+
+    void TearDown() override {
+        // reset to default
+        FaceHalProperties::lockout_timed_threshold(5);
+        FaceHalProperties::lockout_timed_duration(20);
+        FaceHalProperties::lockout_permanent_threshold(10000);
+        FaceHalProperties::lockout_enable(false);
+        FaceHalProperties::lockout(false);
+    }
+
+    FakeLockoutTracker mLockoutTracker;
+    std::shared_ptr<TestSessionCallback> mCallback;
+};
+
+TEST_F(FakeLockoutTrackerTest, addFailedAttemptDisable) {
+    FaceHalProperties::lockout_enable(false);
+    for (int i = 0; i < LOCKOUT_TIMED_THRESHOLD + 1; i++)
+        mLockoutTracker.addFailedAttempt(mCallback.get());
+    ASSERT_EQ(mLockoutTracker.getMode(), FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode::kNone);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, mCallback->mLockoutTimed);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FakeLockoutTrackerTest, addFailedAttemptPermanent) {
+    FaceHalProperties::lockout_enable(true);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLockoutTracker.checkIfLockout(mCallback.get()));
+    for (int i = 0; i < LOCKOUT_PERMANENT_THRESHOLD - 1; i++)
+        mLockoutTracker.addFailedAttempt(mCallback.get());
+    ASSERT_NE(mLockoutTracker.getMode(), FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode::kPermanent);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, mCallback->mLockoutPermanent);
+    mLockoutTracker.addFailedAttempt(mCallback.get());
+    ASSERT_EQ(mLockoutTracker.getMode(), FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode::kPermanent);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, mCallback->mLockoutPermanent);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mLockoutTracker.checkIfLockout(mCallback.get()));
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, mCallback->mLockoutPermanent);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FakeLockoutTrackerTest, addFailedAttemptLockoutTimed) {
+    FaceHalProperties::lockout_enable(true);
+    FaceHalProperties::lockout_timed_enable(true);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLockoutTracker.checkIfLockout(mCallback.get()));
+    for (int i = 0; i < LOCKOUT_TIMED_THRESHOLD; i++)
+        mLockoutTracker.addFailedAttempt(mCallback.get());
+    ASSERT_EQ(mLockoutTracker.getMode(), FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode::kTimed);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, mCallback->mLockoutTimed);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mLockoutTracker.checkIfLockout(mCallback.get()));
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, mCallback->mLockoutTimed);
+    // time left
+    int N = 5;
+    int64_t prevTimeLeft = INT_MAX;
+    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
+        SLEEP_MS(LOCKOUT_TIMED_DURATION / N + 1);
+        int64_t currTimeLeft = mLockoutTracker.getLockoutTimeLeft();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(currTimeLeft < prevTimeLeft);
+        prevTimeLeft = currTimeLeft;
+    }
+    SLEEP_MS(LOCKOUT_TIMED_DURATION / N);
+    ASSERT_EQ(mLockoutTracker.getMode(), FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode::kNone);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FakeLockoutTrackerTest, addFailedAttemptLockout_TimedThenPermanent) {
+    FaceHalProperties::lockout_enable(true);
+    FaceHalProperties::lockout_timed_enable(true);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLockoutTracker.checkIfLockout(mCallback.get()));
+    for (int i = 0; i < LOCKOUT_TIMED_THRESHOLD; i++)
+        mLockoutTracker.addFailedAttempt(mCallback.get());
+    ASSERT_EQ(mLockoutTracker.getMode(), FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode::kTimed);
+    SLEEP_MS(LOCKOUT_TIMED_DURATION + 20);
+    ASSERT_EQ(mLockoutTracker.getMode(), FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode::kNone);
+    for (int i = 0; i < LOCKOUT_PERMANENT_THRESHOLD - LOCKOUT_TIMED_THRESHOLD; i++)
+        mLockoutTracker.addFailedAttempt(mCallback.get());
+    ASSERT_EQ(mLockoutTracker.getMode(), FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode::kPermanent);
+}
+
+TEST_F(FakeLockoutTrackerTest, addFailedAttemptLockoutTimedTwice) {
+    FaceHalProperties::lockout_enable(true);
+    FaceHalProperties::lockout_timed_enable(true);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLockoutTracker.checkIfLockout(mCallback.get()));
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, mCallback->mLockoutTimed);
+    for (int i = 0; i < LOCKOUT_TIMED_THRESHOLD; i++)
+        mLockoutTracker.addFailedAttempt(mCallback.get());
+    SLEEP_MS(LOCKOUT_TIMED_DURATION / 2);
+    mLockoutTracker.addFailedAttempt(mCallback.get());
+    SLEEP_MS(LOCKOUT_TIMED_DURATION);
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, mCallback->mLockoutTimed);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mLockoutTracker.checkIfLockout(mCallback.get()));
+    SLEEP_MS(LOCKOUT_TIMED_DURATION);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLockoutTracker.checkIfLockout(mCallback.get()));
+}
+
+TEST_F(FakeLockoutTrackerTest, resetLockout) {
+    FaceHalProperties::lockout_enable(true);
+    ASSERT_EQ(mLockoutTracker.getMode(), FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode::kNone);
+    for (int i = 0; i < LOCKOUT_PERMANENT_THRESHOLD; i++)
+        mLockoutTracker.addFailedAttempt(mCallback.get());
+    ASSERT_EQ(mLockoutTracker.getMode(), FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode::kPermanent);
+    mLockoutTracker.reset();
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLockoutTracker.checkIfLockout(mCallback.get()));
+}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::face
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    ABinderProcess_startThreadPool();
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}