diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
index b04d096..661c3d4 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
@@ -3249,6 +3249,16 @@
  */
 enum VmsMessageType : int32_t {
     /**
+     * A notification indicating that the sender has been reset.
+     *
+     * The receiving party must reset its internal state and respond to the
+     * sender with a START_SESSION message as acknowledgement.
+     *
+     * This message type uses enum VmsStartSessionMessageIntegerValuesIndex.
+     */
+    START_SESSION = 17,
+
+    /**
      * A request from the subscribers to the VMS service to subscribe to a layer.
      *
      * This message type uses enum VmsMessageWithLayerIntegerValuesIndex.
@@ -3364,7 +3374,7 @@
      */
     PUBLISHER_INFORMATION_RESPONSE = 16,
 
-    LAST_VMS_MESSAGE_TYPE = PUBLISHER_INFORMATION_RESPONSE,
+    LAST_VMS_MESSAGE_TYPE = START_SESSION,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -3378,6 +3388,30 @@
 };
 
 /*
+ * Handshake data sent as part of a VmsMessageType.START_SESSION message.
+ *
+ * A new session is initiated by sending a START_SESSION message with the
+ * sender's identifier populated and the receiver's identifier set to -1.
+ *
+ * Identifier values are independently generated, but must be non-negative, and
+ * increase monotonically between reboots.
+ *
+ * Upon receiving a START_SESSION with a mis-matching identifier, the receiver
+ * must clear any cached VMS offering or subscription state and acknowledge the
+ * new session by responding with a START_SESSION message that populates both
+ * identifier fields.
+ *
+ * Any VMS messages received between initiation and completion of the handshake
+ * must be discarded.
+ */
+enum VmsStartSessionMessageIntegerValuesIndex : VmsBaseMessageIntegerValuesIndex {
+    /* Identifier field for the Android system service. */
+    SERVICE_ID = 1,
+    /* Identifier field for the HAL client process. */
+    CLIENT_ID = 2,
+};
+
+/*
  * A VMS message with a layer is sent as part of a VmsMessageType.SUBSCRIBE or
  * VmsMessageType.UNSUBSCRIBE messages.
  *
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.3/default/android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-service.rc b/graphics/composer/2.3/default/android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-service.rc
index 08e32d8..81ce890 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.3/default/android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-service.rc
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.3/default/android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-service.rc
@@ -4,3 +4,4 @@
     group graphics drmrpc
     capabilities SYS_NICE
     onrestart restart surfaceflinger
+    writepid /dev/cpuset/system-background/tasks
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index 730d969..c14720c 100644
--- a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -19,19 +19,25 @@
 
 #define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
 
+namespace {
+const RadioAccessSpecifier GERAN_SPECIFIER_P900 = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+                                                   .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_P900},
+                                                   .channels = {1, 2}};
+const RadioAccessSpecifier GERAN_SPECIFIER_850 = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+                                                  .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_850},
+                                                  .channels = {128, 129}};
+}  // namespace
+
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() for the response returned.
  */
 TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
-    RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
-        .radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
-        .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480},
-        .channels = {1,2}};
-
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
-        .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT, .interval = 60, .specifiers = {specifier}};
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {::GERAN_SPECIFIER_P900, ::GERAN_SPECIFIER_850}};
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->startNetworkScan_1_2(serial, request);
     ASSERT_OK(res);
@@ -89,18 +95,13 @@
 TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
-    RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
-        .radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
-        .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480},
-        .channels = {1,2}};
-
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
-        .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
-        .interval = 4,
-        .specifiers = {specifier},
-        .maxSearchTime = 60,
-        .incrementalResults = false,
-        .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 4,
+            .specifiers = {::GERAN_SPECIFIER_P900, ::GERAN_SPECIFIER_850},
+            .maxSearchTime = 60,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->startNetworkScan_1_2(serial, request);
     ASSERT_OK(res);
@@ -126,18 +127,13 @@
 TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
-    RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
-        .radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
-        .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480},
-        .channels = {1,2}};
-
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
-        .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
-        .interval = 301,
-        .specifiers = {specifier},
-        .maxSearchTime = 60,
-        .incrementalResults = false,
-        .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 301,
+            .specifiers = {::GERAN_SPECIFIER_P900, ::GERAN_SPECIFIER_850},
+            .maxSearchTime = 60,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->startNetworkScan_1_2(serial, request);
     ASSERT_OK(res);
@@ -163,18 +159,13 @@
 TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
-    RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
-        .radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
-        .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480},
-        .channels = {1,2}};
-
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
-        .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
-        .interval = 60,
-        .specifiers = {specifier},
-        .maxSearchTime = 59,
-        .incrementalResults = false,
-        .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {::GERAN_SPECIFIER_P900, ::GERAN_SPECIFIER_850},
+            .maxSearchTime = 59,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->startNetworkScan_1_2(serial, request);
     ASSERT_OK(res);
@@ -200,18 +191,13 @@
 TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
-    RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
-        .radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
-        .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480},
-        .channels = {1,2}};
-
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
-        .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
-        .interval = 60,
-        .specifiers = {specifier},
-        .maxSearchTime = 3601,
-        .incrementalResults = false,
-        .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {::GERAN_SPECIFIER_P900, ::GERAN_SPECIFIER_850},
+            .maxSearchTime = 3601,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->startNetworkScan_1_2(serial, request);
     ASSERT_OK(res);
@@ -237,18 +223,13 @@
 TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
-    RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
-        .radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
-        .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480},
-        .channels = {1,2}};
-
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
-        .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
-        .interval = 60,
-        .specifiers = {specifier},
-        .maxSearchTime = 600,
-        .incrementalResults = false,
-        .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 0};
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {::GERAN_SPECIFIER_P900, ::GERAN_SPECIFIER_850},
+            .maxSearchTime = 600,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 0};
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->startNetworkScan_1_2(serial, request);
     ASSERT_OK(res);
@@ -274,18 +255,13 @@
 TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
-    RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
-        .radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
-        .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480},
-        .channels = {1,2}};
-
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
-        .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
-        .interval = 60,
-        .specifiers = {specifier},
-        .maxSearchTime = 600,
-        .incrementalResults = false,
-        .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 11};
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {::GERAN_SPECIFIER_P900, ::GERAN_SPECIFIER_850},
+            .maxSearchTime = 600,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 11};
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->startNetworkScan_1_2(serial, request);
     ASSERT_OK(res);
@@ -311,20 +287,15 @@
 TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
-    RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
-        .radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
-        .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480},
-        .channels = {1,2}};
-
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
-        .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
-        .interval = 60,
-        .specifiers = {specifier},
-        // Some vendor may not support max search time of 360s.
-        // This issue is tracked in b/112205669.
-        .maxSearchTime = 300,
-        .incrementalResults = false,
-        .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 10};
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {::GERAN_SPECIFIER_P900, ::GERAN_SPECIFIER_850},
+            // Some vendor may not support max search time of 360s.
+            // This issue is tracked in b/112205669.
+            .maxSearchTime = 300,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 10};
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->startNetworkScan_1_2(serial, request);
     ASSERT_OK(res);
@@ -350,21 +321,16 @@
 TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
-    RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
-        .radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
-        .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480},
-        .channels = {1,2}};
-
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
-        .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
-        .interval = 60,
-        .specifiers = {specifier},
-        // Some vendor may not support max search time of 360s.
-        // This issue is tracked in b/112205669.
-        .maxSearchTime = 300,
-        .incrementalResults = false,
-        .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 10,
-        .mccMncs = {"310410"}};
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {::GERAN_SPECIFIER_P900, ::GERAN_SPECIFIER_850},
+            // Some vendor may not support max search time of 360s.
+            // This issue is tracked in b/112205669.
+            .maxSearchTime = 300,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 10,
+            .mccMncs = {"310410"}};
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->startNetworkScan_1_2(serial, request);
     ASSERT_OK(res);