diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/Android.bp
index c011f73..9bf8609 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
     // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
     // to get the below license kinds:
-    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    // SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
     default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
 }
 
@@ -28,20 +28,29 @@
     defaults: [
         "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
         "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+        // Needed for librenderengine
+        "skia_deps",
     ],
     srcs: [
         "VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp",
+        "VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp",
         "composer-vts/GraphicsComposerCallback.cpp",
         "composer-vts/TestCommandReader.cpp",
     ],
 
     shared_libs: [
+        "libEGL",
+        "libGLESv1_CM",
+        "libGLESv2",
         "libbinder_ndk",
         "libbinder",
         "libfmq",
         "libbase",
         "libsync",
         "libui",
+        "libgui",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "libprocessgroup",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
@@ -69,6 +78,10 @@
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0-vts",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@4.0-vts",
         "libaidlcommonsupport",
+        "libgtest",
+        "librenderengine",
+        "libshaders",
+        "libtonemap",
     ],
     cflags: [
         "-Wconversion",
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6f83b90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1360 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "graphics_composer_aidl_hal_readback_tests@3"
+
+#include <aidl/Gtest.h>
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/BufferUsage.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <composer-vts/include/ReadbackVts.h>
+#include <composer-vts/include/RenderEngineVts.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <ui/GraphicBuffer.h>
+#include <ui/GraphicBufferAllocator.h>
+#include <ui/PixelFormat.h>
+#include <ui/Rect.h>
+#include "composer-vts/include/GraphicsComposerCallback.h"
+#include "composer-vts/include/TestCommandReader.h"
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts {
+namespace {
+
+using ::android::Rect;
+using common::Dataspace;
+using common::PixelFormat;
+
+class GraphicsCompositionTestBase : public ::testing::Test {
+  protected:
+    void SetUpBase(const std::string& name) {
+        ndk::SpAIBinder binder(AServiceManager_waitForService(name.c_str()));
+        ASSERT_NE(binder, nullptr);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposer = IComposer::fromBinder(binder));
+        ASSERT_NE(mComposer, nullptr);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposer->createClient(&mComposerClient));
+        mComposerCallback = ::ndk::SharedRefBase::make<GraphicsComposerCallback>();
+        mComposerClient->registerCallback(mComposerCallback);
+
+        // assume the first display is primary and is never removed
+        mPrimaryDisplay = waitForFirstDisplay();
+
+        int32_t activeConfig;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient->getActiveConfig(mPrimaryDisplay, &activeConfig).isOk());
+        EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient
+                            ->getDisplayAttribute(mPrimaryDisplay, activeConfig,
+                                                  DisplayAttribute::WIDTH, &mDisplayWidth)
+                            .isOk());
+        EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient
+                            ->getDisplayAttribute(mPrimaryDisplay, activeConfig,
+                                                  DisplayAttribute::HEIGHT, &mDisplayHeight)
+                            .isOk());
+
+        setTestColorModes();
+
+        // explicitly disable vsync
+        EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient->setVsyncEnabled(mPrimaryDisplay, false).isOk());
+        mComposerCallback->setVsyncAllowed(false);
+
+        // set up command writer/reader and gralloc
+        mWriter = std::make_shared<CommandWriterBase>(1024);
+        mReader = std::make_unique<TestCommandReader>();
+        mGraphicBuffer = allocate();
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setPowerMode(mPrimaryDisplay, PowerMode::ON));
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mTestRenderEngine = std::unique_ptr<TestRenderEngine>(new TestRenderEngine(
+                        ::android::renderengine::RenderEngineCreationArgs::Builder()
+                                .setPixelFormat(static_cast<int>(common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888))
+                                .setImageCacheSize(TestRenderEngine::sMaxFrameBufferAcquireBuffers)
+                                .setUseColorManagerment(true)
+                                .setEnableProtectedContext(false)
+                                .setPrecacheToneMapperShaderOnly(false)
+                                .setContextPriority(::android::renderengine::RenderEngine::
+                                                            ContextPriority::HIGH)
+                                .build())));
+
+        ::android::renderengine::DisplaySettings clientCompositionDisplay;
+        clientCompositionDisplay.physicalDisplay = Rect(mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight);
+        clientCompositionDisplay.clip = clientCompositionDisplay.physicalDisplay;
+
+        mTestRenderEngine->initGraphicBuffer(
+                static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayWidth), static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayHeight), 1,
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(
+                        static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
+                        static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN) |
+                        static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::GPU_RENDER_TARGET)));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setDisplaySettings(clientCompositionDisplay);
+    }
+
+    void TearDown() override {
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setPowerMode(mPrimaryDisplay, PowerMode::OFF));
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+        if (mComposerCallback != nullptr) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(0, mComposerCallback->getInvalidHotplugCount());
+            EXPECT_EQ(0, mComposerCallback->getInvalidRefreshCount());
+            EXPECT_EQ(0, mComposerCallback->getInvalidVsyncCount());
+        }
+    }
+
+    ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer> allocate() {
+        return ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer>::make(
+                mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, ::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
+                /*layerCount*/ 1,
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<int>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN) |
+                                      static_cast<int>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN)),
+                "VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest");
+    }
+
+    void clearCommandReaderState() {
+        mReader->mCompositionChanges.clear();
+        mReader->mErrors.clear();
+    }
+
+    void writeLayers(const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>>& layers) {
+        for (auto layer : layers) {
+            layer->write(mWriter);
+        }
+        execute();
+    }
+
+    void execute() {
+        TestCommandReader* reader = mReader.get();
+        CommandWriterBase* writer = mWriter.get();
+        bool queueChanged = false;
+        int32_t commandLength = 0;
+        std::vector<NativeHandle> commandHandles;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(writer->writeQueue(&queueChanged, &commandLength, &commandHandles));
+
+        if (queueChanged) {
+            auto ret = mComposerClient->setInputCommandQueue(writer->getMQDescriptor());
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        }
+
+        ExecuteCommandsStatus commandStatus;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient->executeCommands(commandLength, commandHandles, &commandStatus)
+                            .isOk());
+
+        if (commandStatus.queueChanged) {
+            MQDescriptor<int32_t, SynchronizedReadWrite> outputCommandQueue;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mComposerClient->getOutputCommandQueue(&outputCommandQueue).isOk());
+            reader->setMQDescriptor(outputCommandQueue);
+        }
+        ASSERT_TRUE(reader->readQueue(commandStatus.length, std::move(commandStatus.handles)));
+        reader->parse();
+        reader->reset();
+        writer->reset();
+    }
+
+    std::shared_ptr<IComposer> mComposer;
+    std::shared_ptr<IComposerClient> mComposerClient;
+
+    std::shared_ptr<GraphicsComposerCallback> mComposerCallback;
+    // the first display and is assumed never to be removed
+    int64_t mPrimaryDisplay;
+    int32_t mDisplayWidth;
+    int32_t mDisplayHeight;
+    std::vector<ColorMode> mTestColorModes;
+    std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase> mWriter;
+    std::unique_ptr<TestCommandReader> mReader;
+    ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer> mGraphicBuffer;
+    std::unique_ptr<TestRenderEngine> mTestRenderEngine;
+
+    bool mHasReadbackBuffer;
+    common::PixelFormat mPixelFormat;
+    common::Dataspace mDataspace;
+
+    static constexpr uint32_t kClientTargetSlotCount = 64;
+
+  private:
+    int64_t waitForFirstDisplay() {
+        while (true) {
+            std::vector<int64_t> displays = mComposerCallback->getDisplays();
+            if (displays.empty()) {
+                usleep(5 * 1000);
+                continue;
+            }
+            return displays[0];
+        }
+    }
+
+    void setTestColorModes() {
+        mTestColorModes.clear();
+        std::vector<ColorMode> modes;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient->getColorModes(mPrimaryDisplay, &modes).isOk());
+
+        for (ColorMode mode : modes) {
+            if (std::find(ReadbackHelper::colorModes.begin(), ReadbackHelper::colorModes.end(),
+                          mode) != ReadbackHelper::colorModes.end()) {
+                mTestColorModes.push_back(mode);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+class GraphicsCompositionTest : public GraphicsCompositionTestBase,
+                                public testing::WithParamInterface<std::string> {
+  public:
+    void SetUp() override { SetUpBase(GetParam()); }
+};
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SingleSolidColorLayer) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        common::Rect coloredSquare({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setColor(BLUE);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame(coloredSquare);
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        // expected color for each pixel
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, coloredSquare, BLUE);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        // if hwc cannot handle and asks for composition change,
+        // just succeed the test
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setRenderLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->drawLayers());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->checkColorBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetLayerBuffer) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 4}, RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mDisplayHeight / 4, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2},
+                                       GREEN);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight},
+                                       BLUE);
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(
+                mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer, *mTestRenderEngine, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth,
+                mDisplayHeight, common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+        layer->setDataspace(ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode), mWriter);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->setBuffer(expectedColors));
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setRenderLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->drawLayers());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->checkColorBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetLayerBufferNoEffect) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        common::Rect coloredSquare({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setColor(BLUE);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame(coloredSquare);
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+        layer->write(mWriter);
+
+        // This following buffer call should have no effect
+        uint64_t usage =
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
+                                      static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN));
+
+        mGraphicBuffer->reallocate(static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayWidth),
+                                   static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayHeight), 1,
+                                   static_cast<uint32_t>(common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888), usage);
+        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(0, mGraphicBuffer->handle, -1);
+
+        // expected color for each pixel
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, coloredSquare, BLUE);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, ClientComposition) {
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient->setClientTargetSlotCount(mPrimaryDisplay, kClientTargetSlotCount)
+                        .isOk());
+
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC)
+                            .isOk());
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 4}, RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mDisplayHeight / 4, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2},
+                                       GREEN);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight},
+                                       BLUE);
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(
+                mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer, *mTestRenderEngine, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth,
+                mDisplayHeight, PixelFormat::RGBA_FP16);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+        layer->setDataspace(ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode), mWriter);
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+
+        if (!mReader->mCompositionChanges.empty()) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(1, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+            ASSERT_EQ(1, mReader->mCompositionChanges[0].second);
+
+            PixelFormat clientFormat = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
+            auto clientUsage = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+                    static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
+                    static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN) |
+                    static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::COMPOSER_CLIENT_TARGET));
+            Dataspace clientDataspace = ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode);
+            common::Rect damage{0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight};
+
+            // create client target buffer
+            mGraphicBuffer->reallocate(layer->getWidth(), layer->getHeight(),
+                                       static_cast<int32_t>(common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888),
+                                       layer->getLayerCount(), clientUsage);
+
+            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mGraphicBuffer->handle);
+
+            void* clientBufData;
+            mGraphicBuffer->lock(clientUsage, layer->getAccessRegion(), &clientBufData);
+
+            ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                    ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(layer->getWidth(), layer->getHeight(),
+                                               static_cast<uint32_t>(mGraphicBuffer->stride),
+                                               clientBufData, clientFormat, expectedColors));
+            EXPECT_EQ(::android::OK, mGraphicBuffer->unlock());
+
+            ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor fenceHandle;
+            EXPECT_TRUE(
+                    mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(mPrimaryDisplay, &fenceHandle).isOk());
+
+            layer->setToClientComposition(mWriter);
+            mWriter->acceptDisplayChanges();
+            mWriter->setClientTarget(0, mGraphicBuffer->handle, fenceHandle.get(), clientDataspace,
+                                     std::vector<common::Rect>(1, damage));
+            execute();
+            ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, DeviceAndClientComposition) {
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+            mComposerClient->setClientTargetSlotCount(mPrimaryDisplay, kClientTargetSlotCount));
+
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2}, GREEN);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, RED);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        auto deviceLayer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(
+                mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer, *mTestRenderEngine, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth,
+                mDisplayHeight / 2, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+        std::vector<Color> deviceColors(deviceLayer->getWidth() * deviceLayer->getHeight());
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(deviceColors, static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->getWidth()),
+                                       {0, 0, static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->getWidth()),
+                                        static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->getHeight())},
+                                       GREEN);
+        deviceLayer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->getWidth()),
+                                      static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->getHeight())});
+        deviceLayer->setZOrder(10);
+        deviceLayer->setDataspace(ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode), mWriter);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(deviceLayer->setBuffer(deviceColors));
+        deviceLayer->write(mWriter);
+
+        PixelFormat clientFormat = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
+        auto clientUsage = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
+                static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN) |
+                static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::COMPOSER_CLIENT_TARGET));
+        Dataspace clientDataspace = ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode);
+        int32_t clientWidth = mDisplayWidth;
+        int32_t clientHeight = mDisplayHeight / 2;
+
+        auto clientLayer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(
+                mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer, *mTestRenderEngine, mPrimaryDisplay, clientWidth,
+                clientHeight, PixelFormat::RGBA_FP16, Composition::DEVICE);
+        common::Rect clientFrame = {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight};
+        clientLayer->setDisplayFrame(clientFrame);
+        clientLayer->setZOrder(0);
+        clientLayer->write(mWriter);
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 1) {
+            mReader->mCompositionChanges.clear();
+            continue;
+        }
+        // create client target buffer
+        ASSERT_EQ(1, mReader->mCompositionChanges[0].second);
+        mGraphicBuffer->reallocate(static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayWidth),
+                                   static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayHeight),
+                                   static_cast<int32_t>(common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888),
+                                   clientLayer->getLayerCount(), clientUsage);
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mGraphicBuffer->handle);
+
+        void* clientBufData;
+        mGraphicBuffer->lock(clientUsage, {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, &clientBufData);
+
+        std::vector<Color> clientColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(clientColors, mDisplayWidth, clientFrame, RED);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(
+                static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayWidth), static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayHeight),
+                mGraphicBuffer->getStride(), clientBufData, clientFormat, clientColors));
+        EXPECT_EQ(::android::OK, mGraphicBuffer->unlock());
+
+        ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor fenceHandle;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(mPrimaryDisplay, &fenceHandle).isOk());
+
+        clientLayer->setToClientComposition(mWriter);
+        mWriter->acceptDisplayChanges();
+        mWriter->setClientTarget(0, mGraphicBuffer->handle, fenceHandle.get(), clientDataspace,
+                                 std::vector<common::Rect>(1, clientFrame));
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetLayerDamage) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
+        common::Rect redRect = {0, 0, mDisplayWidth / 4, mDisplayHeight / 4};
+
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(
+                mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer, *mTestRenderEngine, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth,
+                mDisplayHeight, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+        layer->setDataspace(ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode), mWriter);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->setBuffer(expectedColors));
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+
+        // update surface damage and recheck
+        redRect = {mDisplayWidth / 4, mDisplayHeight / 4, mDisplayWidth / 2, mDisplayHeight / 2};
+        ReadbackHelper::clearColors(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mDisplayWidth);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->fillBuffer(expectedColors));
+        layer->setSurfaceDamage(
+                std::vector<common::Rect>(1, {0, 0, mDisplayWidth / 2, mDisplayWidth / 2}));
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetLayerPlaneAlpha) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        layer->setColor(RED);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+        layer->setAlpha(0);
+        layer->setBlendMode(BlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED);
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setRenderLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->drawLayers());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->checkColorBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetLayerSourceCrop) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 4}, RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight},
+                                       BLUE);
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(
+                mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer, *mTestRenderEngine, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth,
+                mDisplayHeight, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+        layer->setDataspace(ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode), mWriter);
+        layer->setSourceCrop({0, static_cast<float>(mDisplayHeight / 2),
+                              static_cast<float>(mDisplayWidth),
+                              static_cast<float>(mDisplayHeight)});
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->setBuffer(expectedColors));
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        // update expected colors to match crop
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, BLUE);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setRenderLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->drawLayers());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->checkColorBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetLayerZOrder) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        common::Rect redRect = {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2};
+        common::Rect blueRect = {0, mDisplayHeight / 4, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight};
+        auto redLayer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        redLayer->setColor(RED);
+        redLayer->setDisplayFrame(redRect);
+
+        auto blueLayer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        blueLayer->setColor(BLUE);
+        blueLayer->setDisplayFrame(blueRect);
+        blueLayer->setZOrder(5);
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {redLayer, blueLayer};
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+
+        // red in front of blue
+        redLayer->setZOrder(10);
+
+        // fill blue first so that red will overwrite on overlap
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, blueRect, BLUE);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+
+        redLayer->setZOrder(1);
+        ReadbackHelper::clearColors(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mDisplayWidth);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, blueRect, BLUE);
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setRenderLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->drawLayers());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->checkColorBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+class GraphicsBlendModeCompositionTest
+    : public GraphicsCompositionTestBase,
+      public testing::WithParamInterface<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
+  public:
+    void SetUp() override {
+        SetUpBase(std::get<0>(GetParam()));
+        mBackgroundColor = BLACK;
+        mTopLayerColor = RED;
+    }
+
+    void setBackgroundColor(Color color) { mBackgroundColor = color; }
+
+    void setTopLayerColor(Color color) { mTopLayerColor = color; }
+
+    void setUpLayers(BlendMode blendMode) {
+        mLayers.clear();
+        std::vector<Color> topLayerPixelColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(topLayerPixelColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, mTopLayerColor);
+
+        auto backgroundLayer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        backgroundLayer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        backgroundLayer->setZOrder(0);
+        backgroundLayer->setColor(mBackgroundColor);
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(
+                mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer, *mTestRenderEngine, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth,
+                mDisplayHeight, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+        layer->setDataspace(Dataspace::UNKNOWN, mWriter);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->setBuffer(topLayerPixelColors));
+
+        layer->setBlendMode(blendMode);
+        layer->setAlpha(std::stof(std::get<1>(GetParam())));
+
+        mLayers.push_back(backgroundLayer);
+        mLayers.push_back(layer);
+    }
+
+    void setExpectedColors(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(2, mLayers.size());
+        ReadbackHelper::clearColors(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mDisplayWidth);
+
+        auto layer = mLayers[1];
+        BlendMode blendMode = layer->getBlendMode();
+        float alpha = mTopLayerColor.a / 255.0f * layer->getAlpha();
+        if (blendMode == BlendMode::NONE) {
+            for (auto& expectedColor : expectedColors) {
+                expectedColor.r = mTopLayerColor.r * static_cast<int8_t>(layer->getAlpha());
+                expectedColor.g = mTopLayerColor.g * static_cast<int8_t>(layer->getAlpha());
+                expectedColor.b = mTopLayerColor.b * static_cast<int8_t>(layer->getAlpha());
+                expectedColor.a = static_cast<int8_t>(alpha * 255.0);
+            }
+        } else if (blendMode == BlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED) {
+            for (auto& expectedColor : expectedColors) {
+                expectedColor.r = static_cast<int8_t>(
+                        mTopLayerColor.r * static_cast<int8_t>(layer->getAlpha()) +
+                        mBackgroundColor.r * (1.0 - alpha));
+                expectedColor.g = static_cast<int8_t>(mTopLayerColor.g * layer->getAlpha() +
+                                                      mBackgroundColor.g * (1.0 - alpha));
+                expectedColor.b = static_cast<int8_t>(mTopLayerColor.b * layer->getAlpha() +
+                                                      mBackgroundColor.b * (1.0 - alpha));
+                expectedColor.a = static_cast<int8_t>(alpha + mBackgroundColor.a * (1.0 - alpha));
+            }
+        } else if (blendMode == BlendMode::COVERAGE) {
+            for (auto& expectedColor : expectedColors) {
+                expectedColor.r = static_cast<int8_t>(mTopLayerColor.r * alpha +
+                                                      mBackgroundColor.r * (1.0 - alpha));
+                expectedColor.g = static_cast<int8_t>(mTopLayerColor.g * alpha +
+                                                      mBackgroundColor.g * (1.0 - alpha));
+                expectedColor.b = static_cast<int8_t>(mTopLayerColor.b * alpha +
+                                                      mBackgroundColor.b * (1.0 - alpha));
+                expectedColor.a = static_cast<int8_t>(mTopLayerColor.a * alpha +
+                                                      mBackgroundColor.a * (1.0 - alpha));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+  protected:
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> mLayers;
+    Color mBackgroundColor;
+    Color mTopLayerColor;
+};
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsBlendModeCompositionTest, None) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+
+        setBackgroundColor(BLACK);
+        setTopLayerColor(TRANSLUCENT_RED);
+        setUpLayers(BlendMode::NONE);
+        setExpectedColors(expectedColors);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+        writeLayers(mLayers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setRenderLayers(mLayers);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->drawLayers());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->checkColorBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsBlendModeCompositionTest, Coverage) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+
+        setBackgroundColor(BLACK);
+        setTopLayerColor(TRANSLUCENT_RED);
+
+        setUpLayers(BlendMode::COVERAGE);
+        setExpectedColors(expectedColors);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+        writeLayers(mLayers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsBlendModeCompositionTest, Premultiplied) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+
+        setBackgroundColor(BLACK);
+        setTopLayerColor(TRANSLUCENT_RED);
+        setUpLayers(BlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED);
+        setExpectedColors(expectedColors);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+        writeLayers(mLayers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setRenderLayers(mLayers);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->drawLayers());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->checkColorBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+class GraphicsTransformCompositionTest : public GraphicsCompositionTest {
+  protected:
+    void SetUp() override {
+        GraphicsCompositionTest::SetUp();
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        auto backgroundLayer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        backgroundLayer->setColor({0, 0, 0, 0});
+        backgroundLayer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        backgroundLayer->setZOrder(0);
+
+        mSideLength = mDisplayWidth < mDisplayHeight ? mDisplayWidth : mDisplayHeight;
+        common::Rect redRect = {0, 0, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2};
+        common::Rect blueRect = {mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength, mSideLength};
+
+        mLayer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                                   *mTestRenderEngine, mPrimaryDisplay, mSideLength,
+                                                   mSideLength, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+        mLayer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mSideLength, mSideLength});
+        mLayer->setZOrder(10);
+
+        std::vector<Color> baseColors(static_cast<size_t>(mSideLength * mSideLength));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(baseColors, mSideLength, redRect, RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(baseColors, mSideLength, blueRect, BLUE);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mLayer->setBuffer(baseColors));
+        mLayers = {backgroundLayer, mLayer};
+    }
+
+  protected:
+    std::shared_ptr<TestBufferLayer> mLayer;
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> mLayers;
+    int mSideLength;
+};
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsTransformCompositionTest, FLIP_H) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mWriter);
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        auto error =
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC);
+        if (!error.isOk() &&
+            (error.getServiceSpecificError() == IComposerClient::EX_UNSUPPORTED ||
+             error.getServiceSpecificError() == IComposerClient::EX_BAD_PARAMETER)) {
+            SUCCEED() << "ColorMode not supported, skip test";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                             &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+        mLayer->setTransform(Transform::FLIP_H);
+        mLayer->setDataspace(ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode), mWriter);
+
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {mSideLength / 2, 0, mSideLength, mSideLength / 2}, RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength}, BLUE);
+
+        writeLayers(mLayers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setRenderLayers(mLayers);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->drawLayers());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->checkColorBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsTransformCompositionTest, FLIP_V) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        mLayer->setTransform(Transform::FLIP_V);
+        mLayer->setDataspace(ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode), mWriter);
+
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength}, RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {mSideLength / 2, 0, mSideLength, mSideLength / 2}, BLUE);
+
+        writeLayers(mLayers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setRenderLayers(mLayers);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->drawLayers());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->checkColorBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsTransformCompositionTest, ROT_180) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        ReadbackBufferAttributes readBackBufferAttributes;
+        const auto error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                                        &readBackBufferAttributes);
+
+        mPixelFormat = readBackBufferAttributes.format;
+        mDataspace = readBackBufferAttributes.dataspace;
+        mHasReadbackBuffer =
+                error.isOk() && ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGraphicBuffer,
+                                      mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        mLayer->setTransform(Transform::ROT_180);
+        mLayer->setDataspace(ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode), mWriter);
+
+        std::vector<Color> expectedColors(static_cast<size_t>(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight));
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength, mSideLength},
+                                       RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2}, BLUE);
+
+        writeLayers(mLayers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (!mReader->mCompositionChanges.empty()) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setRenderLayers(mLayers);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->drawLayers());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->checkColorBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(GraphicsCompositionTest);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, GraphicsCompositionTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(::android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IComposer::descriptor)),
+        ::android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(GraphicsBlendModeCompositionTest);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(BlendMode, GraphicsBlendModeCompositionTest,
+                         testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(::android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(
+                                                  IComposer::descriptor)),
+                                          testing::Values("0.2", "1.0")));
+
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(GraphicsTransformCompositionTest);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, GraphicsTransformCompositionTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(::android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IComposer::descriptor)),
+        ::android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/Android.bp
index 00ea4f3..2b058c7 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/Android.bp
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
     srcs: [
         "GraphicsComposerCallback.cpp",
         "TestCommandReader.cpp",
+        "ReadbackVts.cpp",
+        "RenderEngineVts.cpp",
     ],
     header_libs: [
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer3-command-buffer",
@@ -38,20 +40,32 @@
         "android.hardware.graphics.common-V3-ndk",
         "android.hardware.common-V2-ndk",
         "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1-ndk",
+        "libarect",
         "libgtest",
         "libbase",
         "libfmq",
         "libsync",
+        "libmath",
         "libaidlcommonsupport",
+        "libnativewindow",
+        "librenderengine",
+        "libshaders",
+        "libtonemap",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-vts",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1-vts",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0-vts",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@4.0-vts",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbinder_ndk",
         "libhidlbase",
+        "libui",
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer3-V1-ndk",
     ],
+    export_static_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1-vts",
+        "librenderengine",
+    ],
     cflags: [
         "-O0",
         "-g",
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/ReadbackVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/ReadbackVts.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e832cb7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/ReadbackVts.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+// TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
+
+#include "include/ReadbackVts.h"
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/BufferUsage.h>
+#include "include/RenderEngineVts.h"
+#include "renderengine/ExternalTexture.h"
+
+// TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop  // ignored "-Wconversion
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts {
+
+const std::vector<ColorMode> ReadbackHelper::colorModes = {ColorMode::SRGB, ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3};
+const std::vector<Dataspace> ReadbackHelper::dataspaces = {common::Dataspace::SRGB,
+                                                           common::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3};
+
+void TestLayer::write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) {
+    writer->selectLayer(mLayer);
+    writer->setLayerDisplayFrame(mDisplayFrame);
+    writer->setLayerSourceCrop(mSourceCrop);
+    writer->setLayerZOrder(mZOrder);
+    writer->setLayerSurfaceDamage(mSurfaceDamage);
+    writer->setLayerTransform(mTransform);
+    writer->setLayerPlaneAlpha(mAlpha);
+    writer->setLayerBlendMode(mBlendMode);
+}
+
+std::string ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(ColorMode mode) {
+    switch (mode) {
+        case ColorMode::SRGB:
+            return {"SRGB"};
+        case ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3:
+            return {"DISPLAY_P3"};
+        default:
+            return {"Unsupported color mode for readback"};
+    }
+}
+
+std::string ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceString(common::Dataspace dataspace) {
+    switch (dataspace) {
+        case common::Dataspace::SRGB:
+            return {"SRGB"};
+        case common::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3:
+            return {"DISPLAY_P3"};
+        case common::Dataspace::UNKNOWN:
+            return {"UNKNOWN"};
+        default:
+            return {"Unsupported dataspace for readback"};
+    }
+}
+
+Dataspace ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(ColorMode mode) {
+    switch (mode) {
+        case ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3:
+            return Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3;
+        case ColorMode::SRGB:
+        default:
+            return common::Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+    }
+}
+
+LayerSettings TestLayer::toRenderEngineLayerSettings() {
+    LayerSettings layerSettings;
+
+    layerSettings.alpha = ::android::half(mAlpha);
+    layerSettings.disableBlending = mBlendMode == BlendMode::NONE;
+    layerSettings.geometry.boundaries = ::android::FloatRect(
+            static_cast<float>(mDisplayFrame.left), static_cast<float>(mDisplayFrame.top),
+            static_cast<float>(mDisplayFrame.right), static_cast<float>(mDisplayFrame.bottom));
+
+    const ::android::mat4 translation = ::android::mat4::translate(::android::vec4(
+            (static_cast<uint64_t>(mTransform) & static_cast<uint64_t>(Transform::FLIP_H)
+                     ? static_cast<float>(-mDisplayFrame.right)
+                     : 0.0f),
+            (static_cast<uint64_t>(mTransform) & static_cast<uint64_t>(Transform::FLIP_V)
+                     ? static_cast<float>(-mDisplayFrame.bottom)
+                     : 0.0f),
+            0.0f, 1.0f));
+
+    const ::android::mat4 scale = ::android::mat4::scale(::android::vec4(
+            static_cast<uint64_t>(mTransform) & static_cast<uint64_t>(Transform::FLIP_H) ? -1.0f
+                                                                                         : 1.0f,
+            static_cast<uint64_t>(mTransform) & static_cast<uint64_t>(Transform::FLIP_V) ? -1.0f
+                                                                                         : 1.0f,
+            1.0f, 1.0f));
+
+    layerSettings.geometry.positionTransform = scale * translation;
+
+    return layerSettings;
+}
+
+int32_t ReadbackHelper::GetBytesPerPixel(common::PixelFormat pixelFormat) {
+    switch (pixelFormat) {
+        case common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888:
+            return 4;
+        case common::PixelFormat::RGB_888:
+            return 3;
+        default:
+            return -1;
+    }
+}
+
+void ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t stride, void* bufferData,
+                                common::PixelFormat pixelFormat,
+                                std::vector<Color> desiredPixelColors) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pixelFormat == common::PixelFormat::RGB_888 ||
+                pixelFormat == common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+    int32_t bytesPerPixel = GetBytesPerPixel(pixelFormat);
+    ASSERT_NE(-1, bytesPerPixel);
+    for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
+        for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
+            auto pixel = row * static_cast<int32_t>(width) + col;
+            Color srcColor = desiredPixelColors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)];
+
+            int offset = (row * static_cast<int32_t>(stride) + col) * bytesPerPixel;
+            uint8_t* pixelColor = (uint8_t*)bufferData + offset;
+            pixelColor[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(srcColor.r);
+            pixelColor[1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(srcColor.g);
+            pixelColor[2] = static_cast<uint8_t>(srcColor.b);
+
+            if (bytesPerPixel == 4) {
+                pixelColor[3] = static_cast<uint8_t>(srcColor.a);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void ReadbackHelper::clearColors(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, int32_t width, int32_t height,
+                                 int32_t displayWidth) {
+    for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
+        for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
+            int pixel = row * displayWidth + col;
+            expectedColors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)] = BLACK;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, int32_t stride, Rect area,
+                                    Color color) {
+    for (int row = area.top; row < area.bottom; row++) {
+        for (int col = area.left; col < area.right; col++) {
+            int pixel = row * stride + col;
+            expectedColors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)] = color;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(const common::PixelFormat& pixelFormat,
+                                       const common::Dataspace& dataspace) {
+    if (pixelFormat != common::PixelFormat::RGB_888 &&
+        pixelFormat != common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (std::find(dataspaces.begin(), dataspaces.end(), dataspace) == dataspaces.end()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+void ReadbackHelper::compareColorBuffers(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, void* bufferData,
+                                         const int32_t stride, const uint32_t width,
+                                         const uint32_t height, common::PixelFormat pixelFormat) {
+    const int32_t bytesPerPixel = ReadbackHelper::GetBytesPerPixel(pixelFormat);
+    ASSERT_NE(-1, bytesPerPixel);
+    for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
+        for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
+            auto pixel = row * static_cast<int32_t>(width) + col;
+            int offset = (row * stride + col) * bytesPerPixel;
+            uint8_t* pixelColor = (uint8_t*)bufferData + offset;
+
+            ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int8_t>(expectedColors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)].r),
+                      pixelColor[0]);
+            ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int8_t>(expectedColors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)].g),
+                      pixelColor[1]);
+            ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int8_t>(expectedColors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)].b),
+                      pixelColor[2]);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+ReadbackBuffer::ReadbackBuffer(int64_t display, const std::shared_ptr<IComposerClient>& client,
+                               const ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
+                               int32_t width, int32_t height, common::PixelFormat pixelFormat,
+                               common::Dataspace dataspace) {
+    mDisplay = display;
+
+    mComposerClient = client;
+    mGraphicBuffer = graphicBuffer;
+
+    mPixelFormat = pixelFormat;
+    mDataspace = dataspace;
+
+    mWidth = static_cast<uint32_t>(width);
+    mHeight = static_cast<uint32_t>(height);
+    mLayerCount = 1;
+    mUsage = static_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
+                                   static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::GPU_TEXTURE));
+
+    mAccessRegion.top = 0;
+    mAccessRegion.left = 0;
+    mAccessRegion.right = static_cast<int32_t>(width);
+    mAccessRegion.bottom = static_cast<int32_t>(height);
+}
+
+::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer> ReadbackBuffer::allocate() {
+    return ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer>::make(
+            mWidth, mHeight, static_cast<::android::PixelFormat>(mPixelFormat), mLayerCount, mUsage,
+            "ReadbackVts");
+}
+
+void ReadbackBuffer::setReadbackBuffer() {
+    mGraphicBuffer = allocate();
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mGraphicBuffer);
+    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, mGraphicBuffer->initCheck());
+    aidl::android::hardware::common::NativeHandle bufferHandle =
+            ::android::dupToAidl(mGraphicBuffer->handle);
+    ::ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor fence = ::ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor(-1);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(mDisplay, bufferHandle, fence).isOk());
+}
+
+void ReadbackBuffer::checkReadbackBuffer(std::vector<Color> expectedColors) {
+    // lock buffer for reading
+    ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor fenceHandle;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(mDisplay, &fenceHandle).isOk());
+
+    int outBytesPerPixel;
+    int outBytesPerStride;
+    auto status = mGraphicBuffer->lockAsync(mUsage, mAccessRegion, nullptr, fenceHandle.get(),
+                                            &outBytesPerPixel, &outBytesPerStride);
+    EXPECT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mPixelFormat == PixelFormat::RGB_888 || mPixelFormat == PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+    ReadbackHelper::compareColorBuffers(expectedColors, mGraphicBuffer.get(),
+                                        static_cast<int32_t>(mStride), mWidth, mHeight,
+                                        mPixelFormat);
+    status = mGraphicBuffer->unlock();
+    EXPECT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
+}
+
+void TestColorLayer::write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) {
+    TestLayer::write(writer);
+    writer->setLayerCompositionType(Composition::SOLID_COLOR);
+    writer->setLayerColor(mColor);
+}
+
+LayerSettings TestColorLayer::toRenderEngineLayerSettings() {
+    LayerSettings layerSettings = TestLayer::toRenderEngineLayerSettings();
+
+    layerSettings.source.solidColor =
+            ::android::half3(static_cast<::android::half>(mColor.r) / 255.0,
+                             static_cast<::android::half>(mColor.g) / 255.0,
+                             static_cast<::android::half>(mColor.b) / 255.0);
+    layerSettings.alpha =
+            mAlpha * static_cast<float>((static_cast<::android::half>(mColor.a) / 255.0));
+    return layerSettings;
+}
+
+TestBufferLayer::TestBufferLayer(const std::shared_ptr<IComposerClient>& client,
+                                 const ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
+                                 TestRenderEngine& renderEngine, int32_t display, uint32_t width,
+                                 uint32_t height, common::PixelFormat format,
+                                 Composition composition)
+    : TestLayer{client, display}, mRenderEngine(renderEngine) {
+    mGraphicBuffer = graphicBuffer;
+    mComposition = composition;
+    mWidth = width;
+    mHeight = height;
+    mLayerCount = 1;
+    mPixelFormat = format;
+    mUsage = (static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
+              static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN) |
+              static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OVERLAY) |
+              static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::GPU_TEXTURE));
+
+    mAccessRegion.top = 0;
+    mAccessRegion.left = 0;
+    mAccessRegion.right = static_cast<int32_t>(width);
+    mAccessRegion.bottom = static_cast<int32_t>(height);
+
+    setSourceCrop({0, 0, (float)width, (float)height});
+}
+
+void TestBufferLayer::write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) {
+    TestLayer::write(writer);
+    writer->setLayerCompositionType(mComposition);
+    writer->setLayerVisibleRegion(std::vector<Rect>(1, mDisplayFrame));
+    if (mGraphicBuffer->handle != nullptr)
+        writer->setLayerBuffer(0, mGraphicBuffer->handle, mFillFence);
+}
+
+LayerSettings TestBufferLayer::toRenderEngineLayerSettings() {
+    LayerSettings layerSettings = TestLayer::toRenderEngineLayerSettings();
+    layerSettings.source.buffer.buffer = std::make_shared<::android::renderengine::ExternalTexture>(
+            ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer>::make(
+                    mGraphicBuffer->handle, ::android::GraphicBuffer::CLONE_HANDLE, mWidth, mHeight,
+                    static_cast<int32_t>(mPixelFormat), 1, mUsage, mStride),
+            mRenderEngine.getInternalRenderEngine(),
+            ::android::renderengine::ExternalTexture::Usage::READABLE);
+
+    layerSettings.source.buffer.usePremultipliedAlpha = mBlendMode == BlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED;
+
+    const float scaleX = (mSourceCrop.right - mSourceCrop.left) / (static_cast<float>(mWidth));
+    const float scaleY = (mSourceCrop.bottom - mSourceCrop.top) / (static_cast<float>(mHeight));
+    const float translateX = mSourceCrop.left / (static_cast<float>(mWidth));
+    const float translateY = mSourceCrop.top / (static_cast<float>(mHeight));
+
+    layerSettings.source.buffer.textureTransform =
+            ::android::mat4::translate(::android::vec4(translateX, translateY, 0, 1)) *
+            ::android::mat4::scale(::android::vec4(scaleX, scaleY, 1.0, 1.0));
+
+    return layerSettings;
+}
+
+void TestBufferLayer::fillBuffer(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors) {
+    void* bufData;
+    auto status = mGraphicBuffer->lock(mUsage, &bufData);
+    EXPECT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(mWidth, mHeight, mStride, bufData,
+                                                       mPixelFormat, expectedColors));
+    EXPECT_EQ(::android::OK, mGraphicBuffer->unlock());
+}
+
+void TestBufferLayer::setBuffer(std::vector<Color> colors) {
+    mGraphicBuffer->reallocate(mWidth, mHeight, static_cast<::android::PixelFormat>(mPixelFormat),
+                               mLayerCount, mUsage);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mGraphicBuffer);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mGraphicBuffer->handle);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(fillBuffer(colors));
+    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, mGraphicBuffer->initCheck());
+}
+
+void TestBufferLayer::setDataspace(common::Dataspace dataspace,
+                                   const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) {
+    writer->selectLayer(mLayer);
+    writer->setLayerDataspace(dataspace);
+}
+
+void TestBufferLayer::setToClientComposition(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) {
+    writer->selectLayer(mLayer);
+    writer->setLayerCompositionType(Composition::CLIENT);
+}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e83750e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "include/RenderEngineVts.h"
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts {
+
+using ::android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_1::IMapper;
+using ::android::renderengine::DisplaySettings;
+using ::android::renderengine::LayerSettings;
+using ::android::renderengine::RenderEngineCreationArgs;
+
+TestRenderEngine::TestRenderEngine(const RenderEngineCreationArgs& args) {
+    mFormat = static_cast<common::PixelFormat>(args.pixelFormat);
+    mRenderEngine = ::android::renderengine::RenderEngine::create(args);
+}
+
+TestRenderEngine::~TestRenderEngine() {
+    mRenderEngine.release();
+}
+
+void TestRenderEngine::setRenderLayers(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers) {
+    sort(layers.begin(), layers.end(),
+         [](const std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>& lhs, const std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>& rhs) -> bool {
+             return lhs->getZOrder() < rhs->getZOrder();
+         });
+
+    if (!mCompositionLayers.empty()) {
+        mCompositionLayers.clear();
+    }
+    for (auto& layer : layers) {
+        LayerSettings settings = layer->toRenderEngineLayerSettings();
+        mCompositionLayers.push_back(settings);
+    }
+}
+
+void TestRenderEngine::initGraphicBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t layerCount,
+                                         uint64_t usage) {
+    mGraphicBuffer = ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer>::make(
+            width, height, static_cast<int32_t>(mFormat), layerCount, usage);
+}
+
+void TestRenderEngine::drawLayers() {
+    ::android::base::unique_fd bufferFence;
+
+    std::vector<::android::renderengine::LayerSettings> compositionLayers;
+    compositionLayers.reserve(mCompositionLayers.size());
+    std::transform(mCompositionLayers.begin(), mCompositionLayers.end(),
+                   std::back_insert_iterator(compositionLayers),
+                   [](::android::renderengine::LayerSettings& settings)
+                           -> ::android::renderengine::LayerSettings { return settings; });
+    auto texture = std::make_shared<::android::renderengine::ExternalTexture>(
+            mGraphicBuffer, *mRenderEngine,
+            ::android::renderengine::ExternalTexture::Usage::WRITEABLE);
+    auto [status, readyFence] = mRenderEngine
+                                        ->drawLayers(mDisplaySettings, compositionLayers, texture,
+                                                     true, std::move(bufferFence))
+                                        .get();
+    int fd = readyFence.release();
+    if (fd != -1) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, sync_wait(fd, -1));
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, close(fd));
+    }
+}
+
+void TestRenderEngine::checkColorBuffer(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors) {
+    void* bufferData;
+    ASSERT_EQ(0,
+              mGraphicBuffer->lock(static_cast<uint32_t>(mGraphicBuffer->getUsage()), &bufferData));
+    ReadbackHelper::compareColorBuffers(
+            expectedColors, bufferData, static_cast<int32_t>(mGraphicBuffer->getStride()),
+            mGraphicBuffer->getWidth(), mGraphicBuffer->getHeight(), mFormat);
+    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, mGraphicBuffer->unlock());
+}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/include/ReadbackVts.h b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/include/ReadbackVts.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58989d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/include/ReadbackVts.h
@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+// TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
+
+#include <GraphicsComposerCallback.h>
+#include <TestCommandReader.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/composer3/command-buffer.h>
+#include <mapper-vts/2.1/MapperVts.h>
+#include <renderengine/RenderEngine.h>
+#include <ui/GraphicBuffer.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+
+// TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop  // ignored "-Wconversion
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts {
+
+using ::android::renderengine::LayerSettings;
+using common::Dataspace;
+using common::PixelFormat;
+using IMapper2_1 = ::android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_1::IMapper;
+
+static const Color BLACK = {0, 0, 0, static_cast<int8_t>(0xff)};
+static const Color RED = {static_cast<int8_t>(0xff), 0, 0, static_cast<int8_t>(0xff)};
+static const Color TRANSLUCENT_RED = {static_cast<int8_t>(0xff), 0, 0, 0x33};
+static const Color GREEN = {0, static_cast<int8_t>(0xff), 0, static_cast<int8_t>(0xff)};
+static const Color BLUE = {0, 0, static_cast<int8_t>(0xff), static_cast<int8_t>(0xff)};
+static const Color WHITE = {static_cast<int8_t>(0xff), static_cast<int8_t>(0xff),
+                            static_cast<int8_t>(0xff), static_cast<int8_t>(0xff)};
+
+class TestRenderEngine;
+
+class TestLayer {
+  public:
+    TestLayer(const std::shared_ptr<IComposerClient>& client, int32_t display)
+        : mComposerClient(client) {
+        client->createLayer(display, kBufferSlotCount, &mLayer);
+    }
+
+    // ComposerClient will take care of destroying layers, no need to explicitly
+    // call destroyLayers here
+    virtual ~TestLayer(){};
+
+    virtual void write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer);
+    virtual LayerSettings toRenderEngineLayerSettings();
+
+    void setDisplayFrame(Rect frame) { mDisplayFrame = frame; }
+    void setSourceCrop(FRect crop) { mSourceCrop = crop; }
+    void setZOrder(uint32_t z) { mZOrder = z; }
+
+    void setSurfaceDamage(std::vector<Rect> surfaceDamage) {
+        mSurfaceDamage = std::move(surfaceDamage);
+    }
+
+    void setTransform(Transform transform) { mTransform = transform; }
+    void setAlpha(float alpha) { mAlpha = alpha; }
+    void setBlendMode(BlendMode blendMode) { mBlendMode = blendMode; }
+
+    BlendMode getBlendMode() const { return mBlendMode; }
+
+    uint32_t getZOrder() const { return mZOrder; }
+
+    float getAlpha() const { return mAlpha; }
+
+  protected:
+    int64_t mLayer;
+    Rect mDisplayFrame = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+    std::vector<Rect> mSurfaceDamage;
+    Transform mTransform = static_cast<Transform>(0);
+    FRect mSourceCrop = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+    static constexpr uint32_t kBufferSlotCount = 64;
+    float mAlpha = 1.0;
+    BlendMode mBlendMode = BlendMode::NONE;
+    uint32_t mZOrder = 0;
+
+  private:
+    std::shared_ptr<IComposerClient> const mComposerClient;
+};
+
+class TestColorLayer : public TestLayer {
+  public:
+    TestColorLayer(const std::shared_ptr<IComposerClient>& client, int32_t display)
+        : TestLayer{client, display} {}
+
+    void write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) override;
+
+    LayerSettings toRenderEngineLayerSettings() override;
+
+    void setColor(Color color) { mColor = color; }
+
+  private:
+    Color mColor = WHITE;
+};
+
+class TestBufferLayer : public TestLayer {
+  public:
+    TestBufferLayer(const std::shared_ptr<IComposerClient>& client,
+                    const ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
+                    TestRenderEngine& renderEngine, int32_t display, uint32_t width,
+                    uint32_t height, common::PixelFormat format,
+                    Composition composition = Composition::DEVICE);
+
+    void write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) override;
+
+    LayerSettings toRenderEngineLayerSettings() override;
+
+    void fillBuffer(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors);
+
+    void setBuffer(std::vector<Color> colors);
+
+    void setDataspace(Dataspace dataspace, const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer);
+
+    void setToClientComposition(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer);
+
+    uint32_t getWidth() const { return mWidth; }
+
+    uint32_t getHeight() const { return mHeight; }
+
+    ::android::Rect getAccessRegion() const { return mAccessRegion; }
+
+    uint32_t getLayerCount() const { return mLayerCount; }
+
+  protected:
+    Composition mComposition;
+    ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer> mGraphicBuffer;
+    TestRenderEngine& mRenderEngine;
+    int32_t mFillFence;
+    uint32_t mWidth;
+    uint32_t mHeight;
+    uint32_t mLayerCount;
+    PixelFormat mPixelFormat;
+    uint32_t mUsage;
+    uint32_t mStride;
+    ::android::Rect mAccessRegion;
+};
+
+class ReadbackHelper {
+  public:
+    static std::string getColorModeString(ColorMode mode);
+
+    static std::string getDataspaceString(Dataspace dataspace);
+
+    static Dataspace getDataspaceForColorMode(ColorMode mode);
+
+    static int32_t GetBytesPerPixel(PixelFormat pixelFormat);
+
+    static void fillBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t stride, void* bufferData,
+                           PixelFormat pixelFormat, std::vector<Color> desiredPixelColors);
+
+    static void clearColors(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, int32_t width, int32_t height,
+                            int32_t displayWidth);
+
+    static void fillColorsArea(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, int32_t stride, Rect area,
+                               Color color);
+
+    static bool readbackSupported(const PixelFormat& pixelFormat, const Dataspace& dataspace);
+
+    static const std::vector<ColorMode> colorModes;
+    static const std::vector<Dataspace> dataspaces;
+
+    static void compareColorBuffers(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, void* bufferData,
+                                    const int32_t stride, const uint32_t width,
+                                    const uint32_t height, PixelFormat pixelFormat);
+};
+
+class ReadbackBuffer {
+  public:
+    ReadbackBuffer(int64_t display, const std::shared_ptr<IComposerClient>& client,
+                   const ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer, int32_t width,
+                   int32_t height, common::PixelFormat pixelFormat, common::Dataspace dataspace);
+
+    void setReadbackBuffer();
+
+    void checkReadbackBuffer(std::vector<Color> expectedColors);
+
+    ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer> allocate();
+
+  protected:
+    uint32_t mWidth;
+    uint32_t mHeight;
+    uint32_t mLayerCount;
+    uint32_t mUsage;
+    uint32_t mStride;
+    PixelFormat mPixelFormat;
+    Dataspace mDataspace;
+    int64_t mDisplay;
+    ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer> mGraphicBuffer;
+    std::shared_ptr<IComposerClient> mComposerClient;
+    ::android::Rect mAccessRegion;
+    native_handle_t mBufferHandle;
+};
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/include/RenderEngineVts.h b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/include/RenderEngineVts.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eaff6d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/vts/functional/composer-vts/include/RenderEngineVts.h
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2021, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#pragma once
+
+// TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
+
+#include <ReadbackVts.h>
+#include <mapper-vts/2.1/MapperVts.h>
+#include <math/half.h>
+#include <math/vec3.h>
+#include <renderengine/ExternalTexture.h>
+#include <renderengine/RenderEngine.h>
+#include <ui/GraphicBuffer.h>
+#include <ui/GraphicBufferAllocator.h>
+#include <ui/PixelFormat.h>
+#include <ui/Rect.h>
+#include <ui/Region.h>
+
+// TODO(b/129481165): remove the #pragma below and fix conversion issues
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop  // ignored "-Wconversion
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts {
+
+using ::android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_1::IMapper;
+using ::android::renderengine::DisplaySettings;
+using ::android::renderengine::ExternalTexture;
+using ::android::renderengine::RenderEngineCreationArgs;
+
+class TestRenderEngine {
+  public:
+    static constexpr uint32_t sMaxFrameBufferAcquireBuffers = 2;
+
+    TestRenderEngine(const RenderEngineCreationArgs& args);
+    ~TestRenderEngine();
+
+    void setRenderLayers(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers);
+    void initGraphicBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t layerCount, uint64_t usage);
+    void setDisplaySettings(DisplaySettings& displaySettings) {
+        mDisplaySettings = displaySettings;
+    };
+    void drawLayers();
+    void checkColorBuffer(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors);
+
+    ::android::renderengine::RenderEngine& getInternalRenderEngine() { return *mRenderEngine; }
+
+  private:
+    common::PixelFormat mFormat;
+    std::vector<::android::renderengine::LayerSettings> mCompositionLayers;
+    std::unique_ptr<::android::renderengine::RenderEngine> mRenderEngine;
+    std::vector<::android::renderengine::LayerSettings> mRenderLayers;
+    ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer> mGraphicBuffer;
+
+    DisplaySettings mDisplaySettings;
+};
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts
\ No newline at end of file