diff --git a/PREUPLOAD.cfg b/PREUPLOAD.cfg
index 0140275..6740bb5 100644
--- a/PREUPLOAD.cfg
+++ b/PREUPLOAD.cfg
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 ignore_merged_commits = true
 
 [Builtin Hooks]
+bpfmt = true
 clang_format = true
 
 [Hook Scripts]
diff --git a/TEST_MAPPING b/TEST_MAPPING
index 0e18f48..543acf6 100644
--- a/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
       "name": "vts_treble_vintf_vendor_test"
     },
     {
-      "name": "hidl_implementation_test"
+      "name": "hal_implementation_test"
     }
   ]
 }
diff --git a/prebuilt_hashes/Android.bp b/audio/2.0/config/Android.bp
similarity index 65%
rename from prebuilt_hashes/Android.bp
rename to audio/2.0/config/Android.bp
index 4692b76..65a32eb 100644
--- a/prebuilt_hashes/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/2.0/config/Android.bp
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -11,20 +12,9 @@
 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
+//
 
-python_binary_host {
-    name: "dump_hals_for_release",
-
-    srcs: [
-        "dump_hals_for_release.py",
-    ],
-
-    version: {
-        py2: {
-            enabled: true,
-        },
-        py3: {
-            enabled: false,
-        },
-    },
+filegroup {
+    name: "audio_policy_configuration_V2_0",
+    srcs: ["audio_policy_configuration.xsd"],
 }
diff --git a/audio/6.0/IDevice.hal b/audio/6.0/IDevice.hal
index 122c550..2347696 100644
--- a/audio/6.0/IDevice.hal
+++ b/audio/6.0/IDevice.hal
@@ -295,4 +295,28 @@
      */
     @exit
     close() generates (Result retval);
+
+    /**
+     * Applies an audio effect to an audio device.
+     *
+     * @param device identifies the sink or source device this effect must be applied to.
+     *               "device" is the AudioPortHandle indicated for the device when the audio
+     *                patch connecting that device was created.
+     * @param effectId effect ID (obtained from IEffectsFactory.createEffect) of
+     *                 the effect to add.
+     * @return retval operation completion status.
+     */
+    addDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) generates (Result retval);
+
+    /**
+     * Stops applying an audio effect to an audio device.
+     *
+     * @param device identifies the sink or source device this effect was applied to.
+     *               "device" is the AudioPortHandle indicated for the device when the audio
+     *               patch is created at the audio HAL.
+     * @param effectId effect ID (obtained from IEffectsFactory.createEffect) of
+     *                 the effect.
+     * @return retval operation completion status.
+     */
+    removeDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) generates (Result retval);
 };
diff --git a/audio/6.0/config/api/current.txt b/audio/6.0/config/api/current.txt
index 431bc90..adab3d2 100644
--- a/audio/6.0/config/api/current.txt
+++ b/audio/6.0/config/api/current.txt
@@ -214,6 +214,12 @@
     method public void set_default(boolean);
   }
 
+  public enum EngineSuffix {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.EngineSuffix _default;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.EngineSuffix configurable;
+  }
+
   public enum GainMode {
     method public String getRawName();
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.GainMode AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_CHANNELS;
@@ -252,7 +258,9 @@
 
   public class GlobalConfiguration {
     ctor public GlobalConfiguration();
+    method public audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.EngineSuffix getEngine_library();
     method public boolean getSpeaker_drc_enabled();
+    method public void setEngine_library(audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.EngineSuffix);
     method public void setSpeaker_drc_enabled(boolean);
   }
 
@@ -359,6 +367,7 @@
     method public String getRawName();
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ALARM;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ENFORCED_AUDIBLE;
diff --git a/audio/6.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd b/audio/6.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd
index d0f80ea..3fc60e2 100644
--- a/audio/6.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd
+++ b/audio/6.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
     </xs:element>
     <xs:complexType name="globalConfiguration">
         <xs:attribute name="speaker_drc_enabled" type="xs:boolean" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="engine_library" type="engineSuffix" use="optional"/>
     </xs:complexType>
     <xs:complexType name="modules">
         <xs:annotation>
@@ -550,6 +551,7 @@
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_TTS"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_REROUTING"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_PATCH"/>
         </xs:restriction>
@@ -622,4 +624,10 @@
             </xs:element>
         </xs:sequence>
     </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:simpleType name="engineSuffix">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="default"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="configurable"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
 </xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/common/6.0/Android.bp b/audio/common/6.0/Android.bp
index 1a4e054..94f1cf8 100644
--- a/audio/common/6.0/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/common/6.0/Android.bp
@@ -12,6 +12,6 @@
     interfaces: [
         "android.hidl.safe_union@1.0",
     ],
-    gen_java: false,
+    gen_java: true,
     gen_java_constants: true,
 }
diff --git a/audio/common/6.0/types.hal b/audio/common/6.0/types.hal
index 132f86d..da506d6 100644
--- a/audio/common/6.0/types.hal
+++ b/audio/common/6.0/types.hal
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@
     TTS              = 9,  // Transmitted Through Speaker.  Plays over speaker
                            // only, silent on other devices
     ACCESSIBILITY    = 10, // For accessibility talk back prompts
+    ASSISTANT        = 11, // For virtual assistant service
 };
 
 @export(name="audio_source_t", value_prefix="AUDIO_SOURCE_")
@@ -156,6 +157,11 @@
 @export(name="audio_session_t", value_prefix="AUDIO_SESSION_")
 enum AudioSessionConsts : int32_t {
     /**
+     * Session for effects attached to a particular sink or source audio device
+     * (e.g an effect only applied to a speaker)
+     */
+    DEVICE = -2,
+    /**
      * Session for effects attached to a particular output stream
      * (value must be less than 0)
      */
diff --git a/audio/common/all-versions/copyHAL.sh b/audio/common/all-versions/copyHAL.sh
index d07012f..0a32a51 100755
--- a/audio/common/all-versions/copyHAL.sh
+++ b/audio/common/all-versions/copyHAL.sh
@@ -21,11 +21,12 @@
 
 readonly FWK_DIRECTORY=frameworks/av/media/libaudiohal
 readonly IMPL_DIRECTORY=impl
-readonly IMPL_FACTORYHAL=$IMPL_DIRECTORY/include/libaudiohal/FactoryHalHidl.h
+readonly IMPL_FACTORYHAL=FactoryHalHidl.cpp
 
 readonly VTS_DIRECTORY=test/vts-testcase/hal/audio
 readonly VTS_LIST=test/vts/tools/build/tasks/list/vts_test_lib_hidl_package_list.mk
 readonly WATCHDOG=frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/Watchdog.cpp
+readonly DUMP_UTILS=frameworks/native/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp
 readonly GSI_CURRENT=build/make/target/product/gsi/current.txt
 
 readonly BASE_VERSION=${1:-$(ls $ANDROID_BUILD_TOP/$HAL_DIRECTORY | grep -E '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' |
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@
 
 createFrameworkAdapter() {
     updateVersion -v original_before=1 Android.bp
-    updateVersion -v original_before=1 -v RS= -v ORS='\n\n' $IMPL_FACTORYHAL/Android.bp
+    updateVersion -v original_before=1 -v RS= -v ORS='\n\n' $IMPL_DIRECTORY/Android.bp
     updateVersion -v original_after=1 $IMPL_FACTORYHAL
 }
 echo "Now creating the framework adapter version"
@@ -171,6 +172,9 @@
 echo "Now update watchdog"
 runIfNeeded $(dirname $WATCHDOG) updateAudioVersion -v original_before=1 $(basename $WATCHDOG)
 
+echo "Now update dumputils"
+runIfNeeded $(dirname $DUMP_UTILS) updateAudioVersion -v original_before=1 $(basename $DUMP_UTILS)
+
 echo "Now update GSI current.txt"
 runIfNeeded $(dirname $GSI_CURRENT) update-vndk-list.sh
 
diff --git a/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/Android.bp b/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/Android.bp
index 4565730..3e8b715 100644
--- a/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/Android.bp
@@ -24,23 +24,6 @@
         "liblog",
         "libutils",
         "libhardware",
-        "android.hardware.audio@2.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio@4.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio@5.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio@6.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.common@2.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.common@4.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.common@5.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.common@6.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.effect@5.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0",
-        "android.hardware.bluetooth.a2dp@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.bluetooth.audio@2.0",
-        "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0",
-        "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.1",
-        "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.2",
     ],
 }
 
diff --git a/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/service.cpp b/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/service.cpp
index 2730f3b..7331b0a 100644
--- a/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/service.cpp
+++ b/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/service.cpp
@@ -16,19 +16,9 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "audiohalservice"
 
-#include <android/hardware/audio/2.0/IDevicesFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/4.0/IDevicesFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/5.0/IDevicesFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/6.0/IDevicesFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/effect/2.0/IEffectsFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/effect/4.0/IEffectsFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/effect/5.0/IEffectsFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/effect/6.0/IEffectsFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/bluetooth/a2dp/1.0/IBluetoothAudioOffload.h>
-#include <android/hardware/bluetooth/audio/2.0/IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/soundtrigger/2.0/ISoundTriggerHw.h>
-#include <android/hardware/soundtrigger/2.1/ISoundTriggerHw.h>
-#include <android/hardware/soundtrigger/2.2/ISoundTriggerHw.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
 #include <binder/ProcessState.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
@@ -38,13 +28,20 @@
 using namespace android::hardware;
 using android::OK;
 
+using InterfacesList = std::vector<std::string>;
+
 /** Try to register the provided factories in the provided order.
  *  If any registers successfully, do not register any other and return true.
  *  If all fail, return false.
  */
-template <class... Factories>
-bool registerPassthroughServiceImplementations() {
-    return ((registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<Factories>() != OK) && ...);
+template <class Iter>
+static bool registerPassthroughServiceImplementations(Iter first, Iter last) {
+    for (; first != last; ++first) {
+        if (registerPassthroughServiceImplementation(*first) == OK) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
 }
 
 int main(int /* argc */, char* /* argv */ []) {
@@ -61,36 +58,57 @@
     }
     configureRpcThreadpool(16, true /*callerWillJoin*/);
 
-    // Keep versions on a separate line for easier parsing
+    // Automatic formatting tries to compact the lines, making them less readable
     // clang-format off
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF((registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<
-                                audio::V6_0::IDevicesFactory,
-                                audio::V5_0::IDevicesFactory,
-                                audio::V4_0::IDevicesFactory,
-                                audio::V2_0::IDevicesFactory>()),
-                        "Could not register audio core API");
+    const std::vector<InterfacesList> mandatoryInterfaces = {
+        {
+            "Audio Core API",
+            "android.hardware.audio@6.0::IDevicesFactory",
+            "android.hardware.audio@5.0::IDevicesFactory",
+            "android.hardware.audio@4.0::IDevicesFactory",
+            "android.hardware.audio@2.0::IDevicesFactory"
+        },
+        {
+            "Audio Effect API",
+            "android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IEffectsFactory",
+            "android.hardware.audio.effect@5.0::IEffectsFactory",
+            "android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IEffectsFactory",
+            "android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEffectsFactory",
+        }
+    };
 
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF((registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<
-                                audio::effect::V6_0::IEffectsFactory,
-                                audio::effect::V5_0::IEffectsFactory,
-                                audio::effect::V4_0::IEffectsFactory,
-                                audio::effect::V2_0::IEffectsFactory>()),
-                        "Could not register audio effect API");
+    const std::vector<InterfacesList> optionalInterfaces = {
+        {
+            "Soundtrigger API",
+            "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.2::ISoundTriggerHw",
+            "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.1::ISoundTriggerHw",
+            "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::ISoundTriggerHw",
+        },
+        {
+            "Bluetooth Audio API",
+            "android.hardware.bluetooth.audio@2.0::IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory"
+        },
+        // remove the old HIDL when Bluetooth Audio Hal V2 has offloading supported
+        {
+            "Bluetooth Audio Offload API",
+            "android.hardware.bluetooth.a2dp@1.0::IBluetoothAudioOffload"
+        }
+    };
     // clang-format on
 
-    ALOGW_IF((registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<soundtrigger::V2_2::ISoundTriggerHw,
-                                                        soundtrigger::V2_1::ISoundTriggerHw,
-                                                        soundtrigger::V2_0::ISoundTriggerHw>()),
-             "Could not register soundtrigger API");
+    for (const auto& listIter : mandatoryInterfaces) {
+        auto iter = listIter.begin();
+        const std::string& interfaceFamilyName = *iter++;
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!registerPassthroughServiceImplementations(iter, listIter.end()),
+                            "Could not register %s", interfaceFamilyName.c_str());
+    }
 
-    ALOGW_IF(registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<
-                     bluetooth::audio::V2_0::IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory>(),
-             "Could not register Bluetooth audio API");
-
-    // remove the old HIDL when Bluetooth Audio Hal V2 has offloading supported
-    ALOGW_IF(registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<
-                     bluetooth::a2dp::V1_0::IBluetoothAudioOffload>(),
-             "Could not register Bluetooth audio offload API");
+    for (const auto& listIter : optionalInterfaces) {
+        auto iter = listIter.begin();
+        const std::string& interfaceFamilyName = *iter++;
+        ALOGW_IF(!registerPassthroughServiceImplementations(iter, listIter.end()),
+                 "Could not register %s", interfaceFamilyName.c_str());
+    }
 
     joinRpcThreadpool();
 }
diff --git a/audio/common/all-versions/test/utility/include/utility/EnvironmentTearDown.h b/audio/common/all-versions/test/utility/include/utility/EnvironmentTearDown.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b240ce..0000000
--- a/audio/common/all-versions/test/utility/include/utility/EnvironmentTearDown.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_COMMON_TEST_UTILITY_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
-#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_COMMON_TEST_UTILITY_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
-
-#include <functional>
-#include <list>
-
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace audio {
-namespace common {
-namespace test {
-namespace utility {
-
-/** Register callback for static object destruction
- * Avoid destroying static objects after main return.
- * Post main return destruction leads to incorrect gtest timing measurements as
- * well as harder debuging if anything goes wrong during destruction. */
-class EnvironmentTearDown {
-  public:
-    using TearDownFunc = std::function<void()>;
-    void registerTearDown(TearDownFunc&& tearDown) { tearDowns.push_front(std::move(tearDown)); }
-
-  protected:
-    void executeAllTearDowns() {
-        // Call the tear downs in reverse order of insertion
-        for (auto& tearDown : tearDowns) {
-            tearDown();
-        }
-    }
-
-  private:
-    std::list<TearDownFunc> tearDowns;
-};
-
-}  // namespace utility
-}  // namespace test
-}  // namespace common
-}  // namespace audio
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
-
-#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_COMMON_TEST_UTILITY_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp
index 007ad85..e11d158 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp
@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@
 
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
 
+    static_libs: [
+        "libaudiofoundation",
+    ],
+
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libcutils",
@@ -54,7 +58,7 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=2",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_library_shared {
@@ -70,7 +74,7 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=4",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_library_shared {
@@ -85,7 +89,7 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=5",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_library_shared {
@@ -100,5 +104,5 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=6",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Conversions.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Conversions.cpp
index 11872c0..eddff55 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Conversions.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Conversions.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 
 #include <log/log.h>
+#include <media/AudioContainers.h>
 
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
@@ -31,26 +32,22 @@
     char halAddress[AUDIO_DEVICE_MAX_ADDRESS_LEN];
     memset(halAddress, 0, sizeof(halAddress));
     uint32_t halDevice = static_cast<uint32_t>(address.device);
-    const bool isInput = (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_BIT_IN) != 0;
-    if (isInput) halDevice &= ~AUDIO_DEVICE_BIT_IN;
-    if ((!isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ALL_A2DP) != 0) ||
-        (isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_A2DP) != 0)) {
+    if (getAudioDeviceOutAllA2dpSet().count(halDevice) > 0 ||
+        halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_A2DP) {
         snprintf(halAddress, sizeof(halAddress), "%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X",
                  address.address.mac[0], address.address.mac[1], address.address.mac[2],
                  address.address.mac[3], address.address.mac[4], address.address.mac[5]);
-    } else if ((!isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP) != 0) ||
-               (isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_IP) != 0)) {
+    } else if (halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP || halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_IP) {
         snprintf(halAddress, sizeof(halAddress), "%d.%d.%d.%d", address.address.ipv4[0],
                  address.address.ipv4[1], address.address.ipv4[2], address.address.ipv4[3]);
-    } else if ((!isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ALL_USB) != 0) ||
-               (isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_ALL_USB) != 0)) {
+    } else if (getAudioDeviceOutAllUsbSet().count(halDevice) > 0 ||
+               getAudioDeviceInAllUsbSet().count(halDevice) > 0) {
         snprintf(halAddress, sizeof(halAddress), "card=%d;device=%d", address.address.alsa.card,
                  address.address.alsa.device);
-    } else if ((!isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS) != 0) ||
-               (isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS) != 0)) {
+    } else if (halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS || halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS) {
         snprintf(halAddress, sizeof(halAddress), "%s", address.busAddress.c_str());
-    } else if ((!isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX)) != 0 ||
-               (isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX) != 0)) {
+    } else if (halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX ||
+               halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX) {
         snprintf(halAddress, sizeof(halAddress), "%s", address.rSubmixAddress.c_str());
     }
     return halAddress;
@@ -67,32 +64,28 @@
         return OK;
     }
 
-    const bool isInput = (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_BIT_IN) != 0;
-    if (isInput) device &= ~AUDIO_DEVICE_BIT_IN;
-    if ((!isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ALL_A2DP) != 0) ||
-        (isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_A2DP) != 0)) {
+    if (getAudioDeviceOutAllA2dpSet().count(device) > 0 ||
+        device == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_A2DP) {
         int status =
             sscanf(halAddress, "%hhX:%hhX:%hhX:%hhX:%hhX:%hhX", &address->address.mac[0],
                    &address->address.mac[1], &address->address.mac[2], &address->address.mac[3],
                    &address->address.mac[4], &address->address.mac[5]);
         return status == 6 ? OK : BAD_VALUE;
-    } else if ((!isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP) != 0) ||
-               (isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_IP) != 0)) {
+    } else if (device == AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP || device == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_IP) {
         int status =
             sscanf(halAddress, "%hhu.%hhu.%hhu.%hhu", &address->address.ipv4[0],
                    &address->address.ipv4[1], &address->address.ipv4[2], &address->address.ipv4[3]);
         return status == 4 ? OK : BAD_VALUE;
-    } else if ((!isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ALL_USB)) != 0 ||
-               (isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_ALL_USB)) != 0) {
+    } else if (getAudioDeviceOutAllUsbSet().count(device) > 0 ||
+               getAudioDeviceInAllUsbSet().count(device) > 0) {
         int status = sscanf(halAddress, "card=%d;device=%d", &address->address.alsa.card,
                             &address->address.alsa.device);
         return status == 2 ? OK : BAD_VALUE;
-    } else if ((!isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS) != 0) ||
-               (isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS) != 0)) {
+    } else if (device == AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS || device == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS) {
         address->busAddress = halAddress;
         return OK;
-    } else if ((!isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX)) != 0 ||
-               (isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX) != 0)) {
+    } else if (device == AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX ||
+               device == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX) {
         address->rSubmixAddress = halAddress;
         return OK;
     }
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Device.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Device.cpp
index 21dab00..ad841ca 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Device.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Device.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include "core/default/Device.h"
 #include <HidlUtils.h>
+#include "common/all-versions/default/EffectMap.h"
 #include "core/default/Conversions.h"
 #include "core/default/StreamIn.h"
 #include "core/default/StreamOut.h"
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@
 
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
+#include <inttypes.h>
 #include <memory.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <algorithm>
@@ -84,26 +86,29 @@
         ALOGW("Can not set a master volume (%f) outside [0,1]", volume);
         return Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
     }
-    return analyzeStatus("set_master_volume", mDevice->set_master_volume(mDevice, volume));
+    return analyzeStatus("set_master_volume", mDevice->set_master_volume(mDevice, volume),
+                         {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
 }
 
 Return<void> Device::getMasterVolume(getMasterVolume_cb _hidl_cb) {
     Result retval(Result::NOT_SUPPORTED);
     float volume = 0;
     if (mDevice->get_master_volume != NULL) {
-        retval = analyzeStatus("get_master_volume", mDevice->get_master_volume(mDevice, &volume));
+        retval = analyzeStatus("get_master_volume", mDevice->get_master_volume(mDevice, &volume),
+                               {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
     }
     _hidl_cb(retval, volume);
     return Void();
 }
 
 Return<Result> Device::setMicMute(bool mute) {
-    return analyzeStatus("set_mic_mute", mDevice->set_mic_mute(mDevice, mute));
+    return analyzeStatus("set_mic_mute", mDevice->set_mic_mute(mDevice, mute), {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
 }
 
 Return<void> Device::getMicMute(getMicMute_cb _hidl_cb) {
     bool mute = false;
-    Result retval = analyzeStatus("get_mic_mute", mDevice->get_mic_mute(mDevice, &mute));
+    Result retval = analyzeStatus("get_mic_mute", mDevice->get_mic_mute(mDevice, &mute),
+                                  {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
     _hidl_cb(retval, mute);
     return Void();
 }
@@ -111,7 +116,8 @@
 Return<Result> Device::setMasterMute(bool mute) {
     Result retval(Result::NOT_SUPPORTED);
     if (mDevice->set_master_mute != NULL) {
-        retval = analyzeStatus("set_master_mute", mDevice->set_master_mute(mDevice, mute));
+        retval = analyzeStatus("set_master_mute", mDevice->set_master_mute(mDevice, mute),
+                               {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
     }
     return retval;
 }
@@ -120,7 +126,8 @@
     Result retval(Result::NOT_SUPPORTED);
     bool mute = false;
     if (mDevice->get_master_mute != NULL) {
-        retval = analyzeStatus("get_master_mute", mDevice->get_master_mute(mDevice, &mute));
+        retval = analyzeStatus("get_master_mute", mDevice->get_master_mute(mDevice, &mute),
+                               {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
     }
     _hidl_cb(retval, mute);
     return Void();
@@ -398,6 +405,39 @@
 Return<Result> Device::close() {
     return doClose();
 }
+
+Return<Result> Device::addDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) {
+    if (version() < AUDIO_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_1 || mDevice->add_device_effect == nullptr) {
+        return Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    }
+
+    effect_handle_t halEffect = EffectMap::getInstance().get(effectId);
+    if (halEffect != NULL) {
+        return analyzeStatus("add_device_effect",
+                             mDevice->add_device_effect(
+                                     mDevice, static_cast<audio_port_handle_t>(device), halEffect));
+    } else {
+        ALOGW("%s Invalid effect ID passed from client: %" PRIu64 "", __func__, effectId);
+        return Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+    }
+}
+
+Return<Result> Device::removeDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) {
+    if (version() < AUDIO_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_1 || mDevice->remove_device_effect == nullptr) {
+        return Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    }
+
+    effect_handle_t halEffect = EffectMap::getInstance().get(effectId);
+    if (halEffect != NULL) {
+        return analyzeStatus("remove_device_effect",
+                             mDevice->remove_device_effect(
+                                     mDevice, static_cast<audio_port_handle_t>(device), halEffect));
+    } else {
+        ALOGW("%s Invalid effect ID passed from client: %" PRIu64 "", __func__, effectId);
+        return Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+    }
+}
+
 #endif
 
 }  // namespace implementation
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/PrimaryDevice.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/PrimaryDevice.cpp
index 3cf0932..0f1aba0 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/PrimaryDevice.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/PrimaryDevice.cpp
@@ -168,6 +168,14 @@
 Return<Result> PrimaryDevice::close() {
     return mDevice->close();
 }
+
+Return<Result> PrimaryDevice::addDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) {
+    return mDevice->addDeviceEffect(device, effectId);
+}
+
+Return<Result> PrimaryDevice::removeDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) {
+    return mDevice->removeDeviceEffect(device, effectId);
+}
 #endif
 
 // Methods from ::android::hardware::audio::CPP_VERSION::IPrimaryDevice follow.
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp
index 5f24a5d..74e5945 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp
@@ -26,9 +26,8 @@
 #include <android/log.h>
 #include <hardware/audio.h>
 #include <hardware/audio_effect.h>
+#include <media/AudioContainers.h>
 #include <media/TypeConverter.h>
-#include <utils/SortedVector.h>
-#include <utils/Vector.h>
 
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
@@ -100,11 +99,11 @@
     Result result =
         getParam(AudioParameter::keyStreamSupportedSamplingRates, &halListValue, context);
     hidl_vec<uint32_t> sampleRates;
-    SortedVector<uint32_t> halSampleRates;
+    SampleRateSet halSampleRates;
     if (result == Result::OK) {
         halSampleRates =
             samplingRatesFromString(halListValue.string(), AudioParameter::valueListSeparator);
-        sampleRates.setToExternal(halSampleRates.editArray(), halSampleRates.size());
+        sampleRates = hidl_vec<uint32_t>(halSampleRates.begin(), halSampleRates.end());
         // Legacy get_parameter does not return a status_t, thus can not advertise of failure.
         // Note that this method must succeed (non empty list) if the format is supported.
         if (sampleRates.size() == 0) {
@@ -126,13 +125,14 @@
     String8 halListValue;
     Result result = getParam(AudioParameter::keyStreamSupportedChannels, &halListValue, context);
     hidl_vec<AudioChannelBitfield> channelMasks;
-    SortedVector<audio_channel_mask_t> halChannelMasks;
+    ChannelMaskSet halChannelMasks;
     if (result == Result::OK) {
         halChannelMasks =
             channelMasksFromString(halListValue.string(), AudioParameter::valueListSeparator);
         channelMasks.resize(halChannelMasks.size());
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < halChannelMasks.size(); ++i) {
-            channelMasks[i] = AudioChannelBitfield(halChannelMasks[i]);
+        size_t i = 0;
+        for (auto channelMask : halChannelMasks) {
+            channelMasks[i++] = AudioChannelBitfield(channelMask);
         }
         // Legacy get_parameter does not return a status_t, thus can not advertise of failure.
         // Note that this method must succeed (non empty list) if the format is supported.
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@
     String8 halListValue;
     Result result = getParam(AudioParameter::keyStreamSupportedFormats, &halListValue);
     hidl_vec<AudioFormat> formats;
-    Vector<audio_format_t> halFormats;
+    FormatVector halFormats;
     if (result == Result::OK) {
         halFormats = formatsFromString(halListValue.string(), AudioParameter::valueListSeparator);
         formats.resize(halFormats.size());
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/StreamOut.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/StreamOut.cpp
index 396d354..1a2a764 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/StreamOut.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/StreamOut.cpp
@@ -318,7 +318,8 @@
         ALOGW("Can not set a stream output volume {%f, %f} outside [0,1]", left, right);
         return Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
     }
-    return Stream::analyzeStatus("set_volume", mStream->set_volume(mStream, left, right));
+    return Stream::analyzeStatus("set_volume", mStream->set_volume(mStream, left, right),
+                                 {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
 }
 
 Return<void> StreamOut::prepareForWriting(uint32_t frameSize, uint32_t framesCount,
@@ -403,7 +404,8 @@
 Return<void> StreamOut::getRenderPosition(getRenderPosition_cb _hidl_cb) {
     uint32_t halDspFrames;
     Result retval = Stream::analyzeStatus("get_render_position",
-                                          mStream->get_render_position(mStream, &halDspFrames));
+                                          mStream->get_render_position(mStream, &halDspFrames),
+                                          {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
     _hidl_cb(retval, halDspFrames);
     return Void();
 }
@@ -413,7 +415,8 @@
     int64_t timestampUs = 0;
     if (mStream->get_next_write_timestamp != NULL) {
         retval = Stream::analyzeStatus("get_next_write_timestamp",
-                                       mStream->get_next_write_timestamp(mStream, &timestampUs));
+                                       mStream->get_next_write_timestamp(mStream, &timestampUs),
+                                       {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
     }
     _hidl_cb(retval, timestampUs);
     return Void();
@@ -427,7 +430,7 @@
     if (result == 0) {
         mCallback = callback;
     }
-    return Stream::analyzeStatus("set_callback", result);
+    return Stream::analyzeStatus("set_callback", result, {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
 }
 
 Return<Result> StreamOut::clearCallback() {
@@ -473,13 +476,15 @@
 }
 
 Return<Result> StreamOut::pause() {
-    return mStream->pause != NULL ? Stream::analyzeStatus("pause", mStream->pause(mStream))
-                                  : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    return mStream->pause != NULL
+                   ? Stream::analyzeStatus("pause", mStream->pause(mStream), {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/)
+                   : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
 }
 
 Return<Result> StreamOut::resume() {
-    return mStream->resume != NULL ? Stream::analyzeStatus("resume", mStream->resume(mStream))
-                                   : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    return mStream->resume != NULL
+                   ? Stream::analyzeStatus("resume", mStream->resume(mStream), {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/)
+                   : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
 }
 
 Return<bool> StreamOut::supportsDrain() {
@@ -488,14 +493,17 @@
 
 Return<Result> StreamOut::drain(AudioDrain type) {
     return mStream->drain != NULL
-               ? Stream::analyzeStatus(
-                     "drain", mStream->drain(mStream, static_cast<audio_drain_type_t>(type)))
-               : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
+                   ? Stream::analyzeStatus(
+                             "drain",
+                             mStream->drain(mStream, static_cast<audio_drain_type_t>(type)),
+                             {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/)
+                   : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
 }
 
 Return<Result> StreamOut::flush() {
-    return mStream->flush != NULL ? Stream::analyzeStatus("flush", mStream->flush(mStream))
-                                  : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    return mStream->flush != NULL
+                   ? Stream::analyzeStatus("flush", mStream->flush(mStream), {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/)
+                   : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
 }
 
 // static
@@ -505,7 +513,7 @@
     // to return it sometimes. EAGAIN may be returned by A2DP audio HAL
     // implementation. ENODATA can also be reported while the writer is
     // continuously querying it, but the stream has been stopped.
-    static const std::vector<int> ignoredErrors{EINVAL, EAGAIN, ENODATA};
+    static const std::vector<int> ignoredErrors{EINVAL, EAGAIN, ENODATA, ENOSYS};
     Result retval(Result::NOT_SUPPORTED);
     if (stream->get_presentation_position == NULL) return retval;
     struct timespec halTimeStamp;
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/Device.h b/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/Device.h
index 11ab607..80a9638 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/Device.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/Device.h
@@ -116,8 +116,9 @@
 #endif
 #if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
     Return<Result> close() override;
+    Return<Result> addDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) override;
+    Return<Result> removeDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) override;
 #endif
-
     Return<void> debug(const hidl_handle& fd, const hidl_vec<hidl_string>& options) override;
 
     // Utility methods for extending interfaces.
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/PrimaryDevice.h b/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/PrimaryDevice.h
index f5f3848..9fc90c3 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/PrimaryDevice.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/PrimaryDevice.h
@@ -98,6 +98,8 @@
 #endif
 #if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
     Return<Result> close() override;
+    Return<Result> addDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) override;
+    Return<Result> removeDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) override;
 #endif
 
     Return<void> debug(const hidl_handle& fd, const hidl_vec<hidl_string>& options) override;
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/2.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/2.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 6373e39..0000000
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/2.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_CORE_2_0_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
-#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_CORE_2_0_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
-
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-
-#include "utility/EnvironmentTearDown.h"
-
-class Environment : public ::android::hardware::audio::common::test::utility::EnvironmentTearDown,
-                    public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-  private:
-    void HidlTearDown() override {
-        executeAllTearDowns();
-        VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase::HidlTearDown();
-    }
-};
-
-#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_CORE_2_0_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
index 22e60be..5b58553 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
@@ -17,54 +17,6 @@
 // pull in all the <= 5.0 tests
 #include "5.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp"
 
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests() {
-    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = [] {
-        std::vector<DeviceParameter> result;
-        const auto factories =
-                ::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDevicesFactory::descriptor);
-        for (const auto& factoryName : factories) {
-            result.emplace_back(factoryName,
-                                DeviceManager::getInstance().getPrimary(factoryName) != nullptr
-                                        ? DeviceManager::kPrimaryDevice
-                                        : "");
-        }
-        return result;
-    }();
-    return parameters;
-}
-
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests() {
-    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = [] {
-        std::vector<DeviceParameter> result;
-        const auto primary = std::find_if(
-                getDeviceParameters().begin(), getDeviceParameters().end(), [](const auto& elem) {
-                    return std::get<PARAM_DEVICE_NAME>(elem) == DeviceManager::kPrimaryDevice;
-                });
-        if (primary != getDeviceParameters().end()) result.push_back(*primary);
-        return result;
-    }();
-    return parameters;
-}
-
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParameters() {
-    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = [] {
-        std::vector<DeviceParameter> result;
-        const auto factories =
-                ::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDevicesFactory::descriptor);
-        const auto devices = getCachedPolicyConfig().getModulesWithDevicesNames();
-        result.reserve(devices.size());
-        for (const auto& factoryName : factories) {
-            for (const auto& deviceName : devices) {
-                if (DeviceManager::getInstance().get(factoryName, deviceName) != nullptr) {
-                    result.emplace_back(factoryName, deviceName);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        return result;
-    }();
-    return parameters;
-}
-
 const std::vector<DeviceConfigParameter>& getOutputDeviceConfigParameters() {
     static std::vector<DeviceConfigParameter> parameters = [] {
         std::vector<DeviceConfigParameter> result;
@@ -83,7 +35,6 @@
                     for (auto& config : configs) {
                         // Some combinations of flags declared in the config file require special
                         // treatment.
-                        bool special = false;
                         if (flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_COMPRESS_OFFLOAD) {
                             config.offloadInfo.sampleRateHz = config.sampleRateHz;
                             config.offloadInfo.channelMask = config.channelMask;
@@ -94,22 +45,13 @@
                             config.offloadInfo.bitWidth = 16;
                             config.offloadInfo.bufferSize = 256;  // arbitrary value
                             config.offloadInfo.usage = AudioUsage::MEDIA;
-                            result.emplace_back(
-                                    device, config,
-                                    AudioOutputFlag(AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_COMPRESS_OFFLOAD));
-                            special = true;
-                        }
-                        if ((flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT) &&
-                            !(flags &
-                              (AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_HW_AV_SYNC | AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_MMAP_NOIRQ))) {
                             result.emplace_back(device, config,
-                                                AudioOutputFlag(AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT));
-                            special = true;
-                        }
-                        if (flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_PRIMARY) {  // ignore the flag
-                            flags &= ~AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_PRIMARY;
-                        }
-                        if (!special) {
+                                                AudioOutputFlag(AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_COMPRESS_OFFLOAD |
+                                                                AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT));
+                        } else {
+                            if (flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_PRIMARY) {  // ignore the flag
+                                flags &= ~AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_PRIMARY;
+                            }
                             result.emplace_back(device, config, AudioOutputFlag(flags));
                         }
                     }
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 593759f..0000000
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_CORE_6_0_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
-#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_CORE_6_0_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
-
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-
-#include "utility/EnvironmentTearDown.h"
-
-class Environment : public ::android::hardware::audio::common::test::utility::EnvironmentTearDown,
-                    public ::testing::Environment {
-  public:
-    void init(int* /*argc*/, char** /*argv*/) {}  // emulate VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase
-  private:
-    void TearDown() override { executeAllTearDowns(); }
-};
-
-// FIXME: Will be removed while making getDeviceParameters to use the config
-static constexpr const char* kDefaultServiceName = "default";
-
-#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_CORE_6_0_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 3286ecb..db52e60 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,17 +19,22 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common.test.utility",
+        "libaudiofoundation",
         "libaudiopolicycomponents",
         "libmedia_helper",
         "libxml2",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder",
         "libfmq",
     ],
     header_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common.util@all-versions",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -46,7 +51,13 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=2",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_policy_configuration_V2_0",
+    ],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest.xml",
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -63,7 +74,13 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=4",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_policy_configuration_V4_0",
+    ],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest.xml",
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -80,7 +97,13 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=5",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_policy_configuration_V5_0",
+    ],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest.xml",
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -97,5 +120,11 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=6",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_policy_configuration_V6_0",
+    ],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest.xml",
 }
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h
index d0d39e8..da30ade 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h
@@ -34,10 +34,6 @@
 
 #include <hwbinder/IPCThreadState.h>
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#endif
-
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
 #include PATH(android/hardware/audio/FILE_VERSION/IDevice.h)
@@ -49,10 +45,8 @@
 #include <Serializer.h>
 #include <fmq/EventFlag.h>
 #include <fmq/MessageQueue.h>
-#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
-#endif
 
 #include <common/all-versions/VersionUtils.h>
 
@@ -61,12 +55,6 @@
 #include "utility/ReturnIn.h"
 #include "utility/ValidateXml.h"
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-#include "2.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h"
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
-#include "6.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h"
-#endif
-
 /** Provide version specific functions that are used in the generic tests */
 #if MAJOR_VERSION == 2
 #include "2.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalUtils.h"
@@ -114,30 +102,10 @@
 static auto invalidArgsOrNotSupported = {Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, Result::NOT_SUPPORTED};
 static auto invalidStateOrNotSupported = {Result::INVALID_STATE, Result::NOT_SUPPORTED};
 
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//////////////////////////////// Environment /////////////////////////////////
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-class AudioHidlTestEnvironment : public ::Environment {
-   public:
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-     void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IDevicesFactory>(); }
-#endif
-};
-
-// Instance to register global tearDown
-static AudioHidlTestEnvironment* environment;
-
 #define AUDIO_PRIMARY_HIDL_HAL_TEST
 #include "DeviceManager.h"
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-using HidlTestBase = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase;
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
-using HidlTestBase = ::testing::Test;
-#endif
-
-class HidlTest : public HidlTestBase {
+class HidlTest : public ::testing::Test {
   public:
     virtual ~HidlTest() = default;
 
@@ -172,15 +140,6 @@
 #define QUOTE(x) #x
 #define STRINGIFY(x) QUOTE(x)
 
-TEST(CheckConfig, audioPolicyConfigurationValidation) {
-    RecordProperty("description",
-                   "Verify that the audio policy configuration file "
-                   "is valid according to the schema");
-
-    const char* xsd = "/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_configuration_" STRINGIFY(CPP_VERSION) ".xsd";
-    EXPECT_ONE_VALID_XML_MULTIPLE_LOCATIONS(kConfigFileName, kConfigLocations, xsd);
-}
-
 struct PolicyConfigData {
     android::HwModuleCollection hwModules;
     android::DeviceVector availableOutputDevices;
@@ -252,32 +211,11 @@
 const PolicyConfig& getCachedPolicyConfig() {
     static std::unique_ptr<PolicyConfig> policyConfig = [] {
         auto config = std::make_unique<PolicyConfig>();
-        environment->registerTearDown([] { policyConfig.reset(); });
         return config;
     }();
     return *policyConfig;
 }
 
-class AudioPolicyConfigTest : public HidlTestBase {
-  public:
-    void SetUp() override {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(HidlTestBase::SetUp());  // setup base
-        auto& policyConfig = getCachedPolicyConfig();
-        ASSERT_EQ(0, policyConfig.getStatus()) << policyConfig.getError();
-    }
-};
-
-TEST_F(AudioPolicyConfigTest, LoadAudioPolicyXMLConfiguration) {
-    doc::test("Test parsing audio_policy_configuration.xml (called in SetUp)");
-}
-
-TEST_F(AudioPolicyConfigTest, HasPrimaryModule) {
-    auto& policyConfig = getCachedPolicyConfig();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(policyConfig.getPrimaryModule() != nullptr)
-            << "Could not find primary module in configuration file: "
-            << policyConfig.getFilePath();
-}
-
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //////////////////// Test parameter types and definitions ////////////////////
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -288,53 +226,59 @@
 static inline std::string DeviceParameterToString(
         const ::testing::TestParamInfo<DeviceParameter>& info) {
     const auto& deviceName = std::get<PARAM_DEVICE_NAME>(info.param);
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-    return !deviceName.empty() ? deviceName : std::to_string(info.index);
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
     const auto factoryName =
             ::android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString(::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>{
                     std::get<PARAM_FACTORY_NAME>(info.param), info.index});
     return !deviceName.empty() ? factoryName + "_" + deviceName : factoryName;
-#endif
 }
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-// For V2..5 the factory is looked up using the instance name passed
-// in the environment, only one factory is returned. This is because the VTS
-// framework will call the test for each instance. Only the primary device of
-// the default service factory can be tested.
-
-// Return a pair of <"default", "primary"> or <[non-default name], "">
-// This is used to parametrize device factory tests.
-// The device name is used to indicate whether IPrimaryDevice is required.
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests() {
-    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = {
-            {environment->getServiceName<IDevicesFactory>(),
-             environment->getServiceName<IDevicesFactory>() == kDefaultServiceName
-                     ? DeviceManager::kPrimaryDevice
-                     : ""}};
-    return parameters;
-}
-// Return a pair of <"default", "primary"> or nothing.
-// This is used to parametrize primary device tests.
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests() {
-    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters =
-            !std::get<PARAM_DEVICE_NAME>(*getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests().begin()).empty()
-                    ? getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests()
-                    : std::vector<DeviceParameter>{};
-    return parameters;
-}
-// In V2..5 device tests must only test the primary device.
-// No device tests are executed for non-primary devices.
 const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParameters() {
-    return getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests();
+    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = [] {
+        std::vector<DeviceParameter> result;
+        const auto factories =
+                ::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDevicesFactory::descriptor);
+        const auto devices = getCachedPolicyConfig().getModulesWithDevicesNames();
+        result.reserve(devices.size());
+        for (const auto& factoryName : factories) {
+            for (const auto& deviceName : devices) {
+                if (DeviceManager::getInstance().get(factoryName, deviceName) != nullptr) {
+                    result.emplace_back(factoryName, deviceName);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }();
+    return parameters;
 }
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
-// For V6 and above these functions are implemented in 6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests();
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests();
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParameters();
-#endif
+
+const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests() {
+    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = [] {
+        std::vector<DeviceParameter> result;
+        const auto factories =
+                ::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDevicesFactory::descriptor);
+        for (const auto& factoryName : factories) {
+            result.emplace_back(factoryName,
+                                DeviceManager::getInstance().getPrimary(factoryName) != nullptr
+                                        ? DeviceManager::kPrimaryDevice
+                                        : "");
+        }
+        return result;
+    }();
+    return parameters;
+}
+
+const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests() {
+    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = [] {
+        std::vector<DeviceParameter> result;
+        const auto primary = std::find_if(
+                getDeviceParameters().begin(), getDeviceParameters().end(), [](const auto& elem) {
+                    return std::get<PARAM_DEVICE_NAME>(elem) == DeviceManager::kPrimaryDevice;
+                });
+        if (primary != getDeviceParameters().end()) result.push_back(*primary);
+        return result;
+    }();
+    return parameters;
+}
 
 class AudioHidlTestWithDeviceParameter : public HidlTest,
                                          public ::testing::WithParamInterface<DeviceParameter> {
@@ -347,6 +291,44 @@
     }
 };
 
+TEST(CheckConfig, audioPolicyConfigurationValidation) {
+    auto deviceParameters = getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests();
+    if (deviceParameters.size() == 0) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Skipping audioPolicyConfigurationValidation because no device parameter "
+                        "is found.";
+    }
+    RecordProperty("description",
+                   "Verify that the audio policy configuration file "
+                   "is valid according to the schema");
+
+    const char* xsd = "/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_configuration_" STRINGIFY(CPP_VERSION) ".xsd";
+    EXPECT_ONE_VALID_XML_MULTIPLE_LOCATIONS(kConfigFileName, kConfigLocations, xsd);
+}
+
+class AudioPolicyConfigTest : public AudioHidlTestWithDeviceParameter {
+  public:
+    void SetUp() override {
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(AudioHidlTestWithDeviceParameter::SetUp());  // setup base
+        auto& policyConfig = getCachedPolicyConfig();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, policyConfig.getStatus()) << policyConfig.getError();
+    }
+};
+
+TEST_P(AudioPolicyConfigTest, LoadAudioPolicyXMLConfiguration) {
+    doc::test("Test parsing audio_policy_configuration.xml (called in SetUp)");
+}
+
+TEST_P(AudioPolicyConfigTest, HasPrimaryModule) {
+    auto& policyConfig = getCachedPolicyConfig();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(policyConfig.getPrimaryModule() != nullptr)
+            << "Could not find primary module in configuration file: "
+            << policyConfig.getFilePath();
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(AudioHidl, AudioPolicyConfigTest,
+                        ::testing::ValuesIn(getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests()),
+                        &DeviceParameterToString);
+
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 ////////////////////// getService audio_devices_factory //////////////////////
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -1561,20 +1543,3 @@
     testAccessors<OPTIONAL>("HAC", Initial{false}, {true}, &IPrimaryDevice::setHacEnabled,
                             &IPrimaryDevice::getHacEnabled);
 }
-
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//////////////////// Clean caches on global tear down ////////////////////////
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    environment = new AudioHidlTestEnvironment;
-    // For V2..5 it's critical to initialize environment before GTest.
-    // The environment parses the service name from the command line,
-    // then it can be used in GTest parameter generators which are
-    // initialized during the call to InitGoogleTest.
-    environment->init(&argc, argv);
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(environment);
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    return status;
-}
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/ConfigHelper.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/ConfigHelper.h
index a2f4116..8ef2b43 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/ConfigHelper.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/ConfigHelper.h
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
             return devs.getDevice(AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUILTIN_MIC, {}, AUDIO_FORMAT_DEFAULT);
         };
         auto primaryMic = getMic(policyConfig.getPrimaryModule()->getDeclaredDevices());
-        auto availableMic = getMic(policyConfig.getAvailableInputDevices());
+        auto availableMic = getMic(policyConfig.getInputDevices());
 
         return primaryMic != nullptr && primaryMic->equals(availableMic);
     }
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/DeviceManager.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/DeviceManager.h
index d849f85..0c0727f 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/DeviceManager.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/DeviceManager.h
@@ -31,10 +31,6 @@
         auto existing = instances.find(name);
         if (existing != instances.end()) return existing->second;
         auto [inserted, _] = instances.emplace(name, Derived::createInterfaceInstance(name));
-        if (inserted->second) {
-            environment->registerTearDown(
-                    [name]() { (void)Derived::getInstance().reset(name, false); });
-        }
         return inserted->second;
     }
 
@@ -75,11 +71,7 @@
         return instance;
     }
     static sp<IDevicesFactory> createInterfaceInstance(const std::string& name) {
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-        return ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IDevicesFactory>(name);
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
         return IDevicesFactory::getService(name);
-#endif
     }
 };
 
@@ -113,7 +105,11 @@
 #elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
         {
             sp<IDevice> device = getExisting(std::make_tuple(factoryName, name));
-            if (device != nullptr) device->close();
+            if (device != nullptr) {
+                auto ret = device->close();
+                ALOGE_IF(!ret.isOk(), "Device %s::%s close failed: %s", factoryName.c_str(),
+                         name.c_str(), ret.description().c_str());
+            }
         }
         return InterfaceManager::reset(std::make_tuple(factoryName, name), false);
 #endif
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67fcdb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest" value="/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="audio_policy_configuration.xsd" value="/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_configuration_V2_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2084060
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest" value="/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="audio_policy_configuration_V4_0.xsd" value="/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_configuration_V4_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b01e41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest" value="/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="audio_policy_configuration_V5_0.xsd" value="/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_configuration_V5_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..05edc0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push" value="audio_policy_configuration_V6_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_configuration_V6_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/effect/2.0/xml/Android.bp b/audio/effect/2.0/xml/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..050425a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/2.0/xml/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_effects_conf_V2_0",
+    srcs: ["audio_effects_conf.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_effects_conf_V2_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_effects_conf_V2_0.xsd",
+}
diff --git a/audio/effect/4.0/xml/Android.bp b/audio/effect/4.0/xml/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27ffd02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/4.0/xml/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_effects_conf_V4_0",
+    srcs: ["audio_effects_conf.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_effects_conf_V4_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_effects_conf_V4_0.xsd",
+}
diff --git a/audio/effect/5.0/xml/Android.bp b/audio/effect/5.0/xml/Android.bp
index eb2bcee..67b2f97 100644
--- a/audio/effect/5.0/xml/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/effect/5.0/xml/Android.bp
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 xsd_config {
     name: "audio_effects_conf_V5_0",
     srcs: ["audio_effects_conf.xsd"],
diff --git a/audio/effect/6.0/IEffectsFactory.hal b/audio/effect/6.0/IEffectsFactory.hal
index e08b2de..4c37bad 100644
--- a/audio/effect/6.0/IEffectsFactory.hal
+++ b/audio/effect/6.0/IEffectsFactory.hal
@@ -48,11 +48,15 @@
      *                stream.
      * @param ioHandle identifies the output or input stream this effect is
      *                 directed to in audio HAL.
+     * @param device identifies the sink or source device this effect is directed to in the
+     *               audio HAL. Must be specified if session is AudioSessionConsts.DEVICE.
+     *               "device" is the AudioPortHandle used for the device when the audio
+     *               patch is created at the audio HAL.
      * @return retval operation completion status.
      * @return result the interface for the created effect.
      * @return effectId the unique ID of the effect to be used with
      *                  IStream::addEffect and IStream::removeEffect methods.
      */
-    createEffect(Uuid uid, AudioSession session, AudioIoHandle ioHandle)
+    createEffect(Uuid uid, AudioSession session, AudioIoHandle ioHandle, AudioPortHandle device)
         generates (Result retval, IEffect result, uint64_t effectId);
 };
diff --git a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/Android.bp b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/Android.bp
index 353686b..8d68672 100644
--- a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/Android.bp
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 xsd_config {
     name: "audio_effects_conf_V6_0",
     srcs: ["audio_effects_conf.xsd"],
diff --git a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/api/current.txt b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/api/current.txt
index 2021639..cd5ca2a 100644
--- a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/api/current.txt
+++ b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/api/current.txt
@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@
 
   public class AudioEffectsConf {
     ctor public AudioEffectsConf();
+    method public audio.effects.V6_0.AudioEffectsConf.DeviceEffects getDeviceEffects();
     method public audio.effects.V6_0.EffectsType getEffects();
     method public audio.effects.V6_0.LibrariesType getLibraries();
     method public audio.effects.V6_0.AudioEffectsConf.Postprocess getPostprocess();
     method public audio.effects.V6_0.AudioEffectsConf.Preprocess getPreprocess();
     method public audio.effects.V6_0.VersionType getVersion();
+    method public void setDeviceEffects(audio.effects.V6_0.AudioEffectsConf.DeviceEffects);
     method public void setEffects(audio.effects.V6_0.EffectsType);
     method public void setLibraries(audio.effects.V6_0.LibrariesType);
     method public void setPostprocess(audio.effects.V6_0.AudioEffectsConf.Postprocess);
@@ -15,6 +17,11 @@
     method public void setVersion(audio.effects.V6_0.VersionType);
   }
 
+  public static class AudioEffectsConf.DeviceEffects {
+    ctor public AudioEffectsConf.DeviceEffects();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceProcessType> getDevicePort();
+  }
+
   public static class AudioEffectsConf.Postprocess {
     ctor public AudioEffectsConf.Postprocess();
     method public java.util.List<audio.effects.V6_0.StreamPostprocessType> getStream();
@@ -25,6 +32,72 @@
     method public java.util.List<audio.effects.V6_0.StreamPreprocessType> getStream();
   }
 
+  public class DeviceProcessType extends audio.effects.V6_0.StreamProcessingType {
+    ctor public DeviceProcessType();
+    method public String getAddress();
+    method public audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType getType();
+    method public void setAddress(String);
+    method public void setType(audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType);
+  }
+
+  public enum DeviceType {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_AUX_DIGITAL;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BACK_MIC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_A2DP;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_BLE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_SCO_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUILTIN_MIC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_COMMUNICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_DGTL_DOCK_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_ECHO_REFERENCE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_FM_TUNER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_HDMI;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_HDMI_ARC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_IP;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_LINE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_LOOPBACK;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_PROXY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_SPDIF;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_TELEPHONY_RX;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_TV_TUNER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_USB_ACCESSORY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_USB_DEVICE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_USB_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_VOICE_CALL;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_WIRED_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_AUX_DIGITAL;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_AUX_LINE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP_HEADPHONES;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP_SPEAKER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO_CARKIT;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_EARPIECE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ECHO_CANCELLER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_FM;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI_ARC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HEARING_AID;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_LINE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_PROXY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPDIF;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_SAFE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_TELEPHONY_TX;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_ACCESSORY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_DEVICE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_WIRED_HEADPHONE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_WIRED_HEADSET;
+  }
+
   public class EffectImplType {
     ctor public EffectImplType();
     method public String getLibrary();
@@ -69,6 +142,8 @@
   public enum StreamInputType {
     method public String getRawName();
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamInputType camcorder;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamInputType echo_reference;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamInputType fm_tuner;
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamInputType mic;
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamInputType unprocessed;
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamInputType voice_call;
@@ -82,6 +157,7 @@
   public enum StreamOutputType {
     method public String getRawName();
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamOutputType alarm;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamOutputType assistant;
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamOutputType bluetooth_sco;
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamOutputType dtmf;
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamOutputType enforced_audible;
diff --git a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd
deleted file mode 120000
index 9d85fa7..0000000
--- a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-../../2.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eeaaf63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+           targetNamespace="http://schemas.android.com/audio/audio_effects_conf/v2_0"
+           xmlns:aec="http://schemas.android.com/audio/audio_effects_conf/v2_0"
+           elementFormDefault="qualified">
+  <!-- Simple types -->
+  <xs:simpleType name="versionType">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:decimal">
+      <xs:enumeration value="2.0"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+  <xs:simpleType name="uuidType">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:pattern value="[0-9A-Fa-f]{8}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{12}"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+  <xs:simpleType name="streamInputType">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:enumeration value="mic"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_uplink"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_downlink"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_call"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="camcorder"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_recognition"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_communication"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="unprocessed"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_performance"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="echo_reference"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="fm_tuner"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+  <xs:simpleType name="streamOutputType">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_call"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="system"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="ring"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="music"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="alarm"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="notification"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="bluetooth_sco"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="enforced_audible"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="dtmf"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="tts"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="assistant"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+  <xs:simpleType name="relativePathType">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:pattern value="[^/].*"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+  <xs:simpleType name="deviceType">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_EARPIECE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_WIRED_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_WIRED_HEADPHONE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO_CARKIT"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP_HEADPHONES"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP_SPEAKER"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_AUX_DIGITAL"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_ACCESSORY"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_DEVICE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_TELEPHONY_TX"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_LINE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI_ARC"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPDIF"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_FM"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_AUX_LINE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_SAFE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_PROXY"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HEARING_AID"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ECHO_CANCELLER"/>
+      <!-- Due to the xml format, IN types can not be a separated from OUT types -->
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_COMMUNICATION"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUILTIN_MIC"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_SCO_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_WIRED_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_AUX_DIGITAL"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_HDMI"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_VOICE_CALL"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_TELEPHONY_RX"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BACK_MIC"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_DGTL_DOCK_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_USB_ACCESSORY"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_USB_DEVICE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_FM_TUNER"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_TV_TUNER"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_LINE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_SPDIF"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_A2DP"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_LOOPBACK"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_IP"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_PROXY"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_USB_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_BLE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_HDMI_ARC"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_ECHO_REFERENCE"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+  <!-- Complex types -->
+  <xs:complexType name="librariesType">
+    <xs:annotation>
+      <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+        List of effect libraries to load. Each library element must have "name" and
+        "path" attributes. The latter is giving the path of the library .so file
+        relative to the standard effect folders: /(vendor|odm|system)/lib(64)?/soundfx/
+        Example for a library in "/vendor/lib/soundfx/lib.so":
+        <library name="name" path="lib.so"/>
+      </xs:documentation>
+    </xs:annotation>
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="library" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+        <xs:complexType>
+          <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+          <xs:attribute name="path" type="aec:relativePathType" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+      </xs:element>
+    </xs:sequence>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="effectImplType">
+    <xs:attribute name="library" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="uuid" type="aec:uuidType" use="required"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="effectType">
+    <xs:complexContent>
+      <xs:extension base="aec:effectImplType">
+        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:complexContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="effectProxyType">
+    <xs:complexContent>
+      <xs:extension base="aec:effectType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+          <xs:element name="libsw" type="aec:effectImplType"/>
+          <xs:element name="libhw" type="aec:effectImplType"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:complexContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="effectsType">
+    <xs:annotation>
+      <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+        List of effects to load. Each effect element must contain "name",
+        "library", and "uuid" attrs. The value of the "library" attr must
+        correspond to the name of a "library" element. The name of the effect
+        element is indicative, only the value of the "uuid" element designates
+        the effect for the audio framework.  The uuid is the implementation
+        specific UUID as specified by the effect vendor. This is not the generic
+        effect type UUID.
+        For effect proxy implementations, SW and HW implemetations of the effect
+        can be specified.
+        Example:
+        <effect name="name" library="lib" uuid="uuuu"/>
+        <effectProxy name="proxied" library="proxy" uuid="xxxx">
+            <libsw library="sw_bundle" uuid="yyyy"/>
+            <libhw library="offload_bundle" uuid="zzzz"/>
+        </effectProxy>
+      </xs:documentation>
+    </xs:annotation>
+    <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
+      <xs:element name="effect" type="aec:effectType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element name="effectProxy" type="aec:effectProxyType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:choice>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="streamProcessingType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="apply" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+        <xs:complexType>
+          <xs:attribute name="effect" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+      </xs:element>
+    </xs:sequence>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="streamPreprocessType">
+    <xs:annotation>
+      <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+        Audio preprocessing configuration. The processing configuration consists
+        of a list of elements each describing processing settings for a given
+        input stream. Valid input stream types are listed in "streamInputType".
+        Each stream element contains a list of "apply" elements. The value of the
+        "effect" attr must correspond to the name of an "effect" element.
+        Example:
+        <stream type="voice_communication">
+            <apply effect="effect1"/>
+            <apply effect="effect2"/>
+        </stream>
+      </xs:documentation>
+    </xs:annotation>
+    <xs:complexContent>
+      <xs:extension base="aec:streamProcessingType">
+        <xs:attribute name="type" type="aec:streamInputType" use="required"/>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:complexContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="streamPostprocessType">
+    <xs:annotation>
+      <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+        Audio postprocessing configuration. The processing configuration consists
+        of a list of elements each describing processing settings for a given
+        output stream. Valid output stream types are listed in "streamOutputType".
+        Each stream element contains a list of "apply" elements. The value of the
+        "effect" attr must correspond to the name of an "effect" element.
+        Example:
+        <stream type="music">
+            <apply effect="effect1"/>
+        </stream>
+      </xs:documentation>
+    </xs:annotation>
+    <xs:complexContent>
+      <xs:extension base="aec:streamProcessingType">
+        <xs:attribute name="type" type="aec:streamOutputType" use="required"/>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:complexContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="deviceProcessType">
+    <xs:annotation>
+      <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+        Audio Device Effects configuration. The processing configuration consists
+        of a list of effects to be automatically added on a device Port when involved in an audio
+        patch.
+        Valid device type are listed in "deviceType" and shall be aligned.
+        Each stream element contains a list of "apply" elements. The value of the
+        "effect" attr must correspond to the name of an "effect" element.
+        Note that if the device is involved in a hardware patch, the effect must be hardware
+        accelerated.
+        Example:
+        <devicePort address="BUS00_USAGE_MAIN" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS">
+            <apply effect="equalizer"/>
+            <apply effect="effect2"/>
+        </devicePort>
+      </xs:documentation>
+    </xs:annotation>
+    <xs:complexContent>
+      <xs:extension base="aec:streamProcessingType">
+         <xs:attribute name="address" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+         <xs:attribute name="type" type="aec:deviceType" use="required"/>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:complexContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <!-- Root element -->
+  <xs:element name="audio_effects_conf">
+    <xs:complexType>
+      <xs:sequence>
+        <xs:element name="libraries" type="aec:librariesType"/>
+        <xs:element name="effects" type="aec:effectsType"/>
+        <xs:element name="postprocess" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1">
+          <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+              <xs:element name="stream" type="aec:streamPostprocessType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+          </xs:complexType>
+        </xs:element>
+        <xs:element name="preprocess" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1">
+          <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+              <xs:element name="stream" type="aec:streamPreprocessType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+          </xs:complexType>
+        </xs:element>
+        <xs:element name="deviceEffects" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1">
+          <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+              <xs:element name="devicePort" type="aec:deviceProcessType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+          </xs:complexType>
+        </xs:element>
+      </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:attribute name="version" type="aec:versionType" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <!-- Keys and references -->
+    <xs:key name="libraryName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:libraries/aec:library"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+    </xs:key>
+    <xs:keyref name="libraryNameRef1" refer="aec:libraryName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:effects/aec:effect"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@library"/>
+    </xs:keyref>
+    <xs:keyref name="libraryNameRef2" refer="aec:libraryName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:effects/aec:effect/aec:libsw"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@library"/>
+    </xs:keyref>
+    <xs:keyref name="libraryNameRef3" refer="aec:libraryName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:effects/aec:effect/aec:libhw"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@library"/>
+    </xs:keyref>
+    <xs:key name="effectName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:effects/aec:effect|aec:effects/aec:effectProxy"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+    </xs:key>
+    <xs:keyref name="effectNamePreRef" refer="aec:effectName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:preprocess/aec:stream/aec:apply"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@effect"/>
+    </xs:keyref>
+    <xs:keyref name="effectNamePostRef" refer="aec:effectName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:postprocess/aec:stream/aec:apply"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@effect"/>
+    </xs:keyref>
+  </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.cpp b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.cpp
index 0afa779..33ec996 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.cpp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.cpp
@@ -713,7 +713,10 @@
 #elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
     // No need to join the processing thread, it is part of the API contract that the client
     // must finish processing before closing the effect.
-    return analyzeStatus("EffectRelease", "", sContextCallFunction, EffectRelease(mHandle));
+    Result retval =
+            analyzeStatus("EffectRelease", "", sContextCallFunction, EffectRelease(mHandle));
+    EffectMap::getInstance().remove(mHandle);
+    return retval;
 #endif
 }
 
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.cpp b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.cpp
index 6283e7b..acce7de 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.cpp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.cpp
@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@
     return Void();
 }
 
-Return<void> EffectsFactory::getDescriptor(const Uuid& uid, getDescriptor_cb _hidl_cb) {
+Return<void> EffectsFactory::getDescriptor(const Uuid& uuid, getDescriptor_cb _hidl_cb) {
     effect_uuid_t halUuid;
-    HidlUtils::uuidToHal(uid, &halUuid);
+    HidlUtils::uuidToHal(uuid, &halUuid);
     effect_descriptor_t halDescriptor;
     status_t status = EffectGetDescriptor(&halUuid, &halDescriptor);
     EffectDescriptor descriptor;
@@ -154,13 +154,31 @@
     return Void();
 }
 
-Return<void> EffectsFactory::createEffect(const Uuid& uid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
-                                          createEffect_cb _hidl_cb) {
+#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
+Return<void> EffectsFactory::createEffect(const Uuid& uuid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
+                                          EffectsFactory::createEffect_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    return createEffectImpl(uuid, session, ioHandle, AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE, _hidl_cb);
+}
+#else
+Return<void> EffectsFactory::createEffect(const Uuid& uuid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
+                                          int32_t device,
+                                          EffectsFactory::createEffect_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    return createEffectImpl(uuid, session, ioHandle, device, _hidl_cb);
+}
+#endif
+
+Return<void> EffectsFactory::createEffectImpl(const Uuid& uuid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
+                                              int32_t device, createEffect_cb _hidl_cb) {
     effect_uuid_t halUuid;
-    HidlUtils::uuidToHal(uid, &halUuid);
+    HidlUtils::uuidToHal(uuid, &halUuid);
     effect_handle_t handle;
     Result retval(Result::OK);
-    status_t status = EffectCreate(&halUuid, session, ioHandle, &handle);
+    status_t status;
+    if (session == AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE) {
+        status = EffectCreateOnDevice(&halUuid, device, ioHandle, &handle);
+    } else {
+        status = EffectCreate(&halUuid, session, ioHandle, &handle);
+    }
     sp<IEffect> effect;
     uint64_t effectId = EffectMap::INVALID_ID;
     if (status == OK) {
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.h b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.h
index f0d09ec..0b86836 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.h
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.h
@@ -47,9 +47,15 @@
 struct EffectsFactory : public IEffectsFactory {
     // Methods from ::android::hardware::audio::effect::CPP_VERSION::IEffectsFactory follow.
     Return<void> getAllDescriptors(getAllDescriptors_cb _hidl_cb) override;
-    Return<void> getDescriptor(const Uuid& uid, getDescriptor_cb _hidl_cb) override;
-    Return<void> createEffect(const Uuid& uid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
+    Return<void> getDescriptor(const Uuid& uuid, getDescriptor_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
+    Return<void> createEffect(const Uuid& uuid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
                               createEffect_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+#else
+    Return<void> createEffect(const Uuid& uuid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle, int32_t device,
+                              createEffect_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+#endif
+
     Return<void> debugDump(
         const hidl_handle& fd);  //< in CPP_VERSION::IEffectsFactory only, alias of debug
     Return<void> debug(const hidl_handle& fd, const hidl_vec<hidl_string>& options) override;
@@ -57,6 +63,8 @@
    private:
     static sp<IEffect> dispatchEffectInstanceCreation(const effect_descriptor_t& halDescriptor,
                                                       effect_handle_t handle);
+    Return<void> createEffectImpl(const Uuid& uuid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
+                                  int32_t device, createEffect_cb _hidl_cb);
 };
 
 extern "C" IEffectsFactory* HIDL_FETCH_IEffectsFactory(const char* name);
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
index edc9076..4ab572e 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -31,16 +31,22 @@
     header_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common.util@all-versions",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest_default"],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest.xml",
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common@2.0",
         "android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0",
     ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_effects_conf_V2_0",
+    ],
     cflags: [
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=2",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
@@ -51,10 +57,16 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest_default"],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest.xml",
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common@4.0",
         "android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0",
     ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_effects_conf_V4_0",
+    ],
     cflags: [
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=4",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
@@ -65,10 +77,16 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest_default"],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest.xml",
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common@5.0",
         "android.hardware.audio.effect@5.0",
     ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_effects_conf_V5_0",
+    ],
     cflags: [
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=5",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
@@ -79,10 +97,16 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest_default"],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest.xml",
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common@6.0",
         "android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0",
     ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_effects_conf_V6_0",
+    ],
     cflags: [
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=6",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/ValidateAudioEffectsConfiguration.cpp b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/ValidateAudioEffectsConfiguration.cpp
index f9e4aa3..9c0135b 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/ValidateAudioEffectsConfiguration.cpp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/ValidateAudioEffectsConfiguration.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@
 #include <iterator>
 
 #include <media/EffectsConfig.h>
+// clang-format off
+#include PATH(android/hardware/audio/effect/FILE_VERSION/IEffectsFactory.h)
+// clang-format on
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include "utility/ValidateXml.h"
 
@@ -29,6 +35,11 @@
     RecordProperty("description",
                    "Verify that the effects configuration file is valid according to the schema");
     using namespace android::effectsConfig;
+    if (android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                ::android::hardware::audio::effect::CPP_VERSION::IEffectsFactory::descriptor)
+                .size() == 0) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "No Effects HAL version " STRINGIFY(CPP_VERSION) " on this device";
+    }
 
     std::vector<const char*> locations(std::begin(DEFAULT_LOCATIONS), std::end(DEFAULT_LOCATIONS));
     const char* xsd = "/data/local/tmp/audio_effects_conf_" STRINGIFY(CPP_VERSION) ".xsd";
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
index 3c712b5..070242f 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
@@ -28,14 +28,9 @@
 
 #include <common/all-versions/VersionUtils.h>
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
-#endif
 
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_handle;
@@ -55,45 +50,12 @@
 #define ARRAY_SIZE(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(*(a)))
 #endif
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-// For HAL versions 2..5 Vts Environment and Test base classes are used.
-// The tests are non-parametrized.
-#define EFFECT_TEST TEST_F
-
-// Test environment for Audio Effects Factory HIDL HAL.
-class AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment* instance =
-            new AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IEffectsFactory>(); }
-};
-
-// The main test class for Audio Effects Factory HIDL HAL.
-class AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
-    void SetUp() override {
-        effectsFactory = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IEffectsFactory>(
-            AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IEffectsFactory>());
-        ASSERT_NE(effectsFactory, nullptr);
-    }
-
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
-// For HAL version 6 and above, standard GTest Environment and Test base classes are used.
-// The tests are parametrized by the IEffectsFactory instance name.
-#define EFFECT_TEST TEST_P
-
 class AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
     void SetUp() override {
         effectsFactory = IEffectsFactory::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(effectsFactory, nullptr);
     }
-#endif  // The rest of the AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest class definition is the same.
     void TearDown() override { effectsFactory.clear(); }
 
    protected:
@@ -104,7 +66,7 @@
     sp<IEffectsFactory> effectsFactory;
 };
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, EnumerateEffects) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, EnumerateEffects) {
     description("Verify that EnumerateEffects returns at least one effect");
     Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
     size_t effectCount = 0;
@@ -118,7 +80,7 @@
     EXPECT_GT(effectCount, 0u);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, CreateEffect) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, CreateEffect) {
     description("Verify that an effect can be created via CreateEffect");
     bool gotEffect = false;
     Uuid effectUuid;
@@ -134,19 +96,22 @@
     Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
     sp<IEffect> effect;
     ret = effectsFactory->createEffect(
-        effectUuid, 1 /*session*/, 1 /*ioHandle*/,
-        [&](Result r, const sp<IEffect>& result, uint64_t /*effectId*/) {
-            retval = r;
-            if (r == Result::OK) {
-                effect = result;
-            }
-        });
+            effectUuid, 1 /*session*/, 1 /*ioHandle*/,
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+            0 /*device*/,
+#endif
+            [&](Result r, const sp<IEffect>& result, uint64_t /*effectId*/) {
+                retval = r;
+                if (r == Result::OK) {
+                    effect = result;
+                }
+            });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
     EXPECT_NE(nullptr, effect.get());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, GetDescriptor) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, GetDescriptor) {
     description(
         "Verify that effects factory can provide an effect descriptor via "
         "GetDescriptor");
@@ -169,7 +134,7 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, DebugDumpInvalidArgument) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, DebugDumpInvalidArgument) {
     description("Verify that debugDump doesn't crash on invalid arguments");
 #if MAJOR_VERSION == 2
     Return<void> ret = effectsFactory->debugDump(hidl_handle());
@@ -190,18 +155,20 @@
     0xfe3199be, 0xaed0, 0x413f, 0x87bb,
     std::array<uint8_t, 6>{{0x11, 0x26, 0x0e, 0xb6, 0x3c, 0xf1}}};
 
+enum { PARAM_FACTORY_NAME, PARAM_EFFECT_UUID };
+using EffectParameter = std::tuple<std::string, Uuid>;
+
+static inline std::string EffectParameterToString(
+        const ::testing::TestParamInfo<EffectParameter>& info) {
+    return ::android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString(::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>{
+            std::get<PARAM_FACTORY_NAME>(info.param), info.index});
+}
+
 // The main test class for Audio Effect HIDL HAL.
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-class AudioEffectHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
-    void SetUp() override {
-        effectsFactory = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IEffectsFactory>();
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
-class AudioEffectHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+class AudioEffectHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<EffectParameter> {
   public:
     void SetUp() override {
-        effectsFactory = IEffectsFactory::getService(GetParam());
-#endif
+        effectsFactory = IEffectsFactory::getService(std::get<PARAM_FACTORY_NAME>(GetParam()));
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, effectsFactory.get());
 
         findAndCreateEffect(getEffectType());
@@ -222,7 +189,7 @@
         RecordProperty("description", description);
     }
 
-    virtual Uuid getEffectType() { return EQUALIZER_EFFECT_TYPE; }
+    Uuid getEffectType() const { return std::get<PARAM_EFFECT_UUID>(GetParam()); }
 
     void findAndCreateEffect(const Uuid& type);
     void findEffectInstance(const Uuid& type, Uuid* uuid);
@@ -236,12 +203,15 @@
     Uuid effectUuid;
     findEffectInstance(type, &effectUuid);
     Return<void> ret = effectsFactory->createEffect(
-        effectUuid, 1 /*session*/, 1 /*ioHandle*/,
-        [&](Result r, const sp<IEffect>& result, uint64_t /*effectId*/) {
-            if (r == Result::OK) {
-                effect = result;
-            }
-        });
+            effectUuid, 1 /*session*/, 1 /*ioHandle*/,
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+            0 /*device*/,
+#endif
+            [&](Result r, const sp<IEffect>& result, uint64_t /*effectId*/) {
+                if (r == Result::OK) {
+                    effect = result;
+                }
+            });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
@@ -280,14 +250,14 @@
         static_cast<audio_channel_mask_t>(currentConfig.outputCfg.channels));
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, Close) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, Close) {
     description("Verify that an effect can be closed");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->close();
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetDescriptor) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetDescriptor) {
     description("Verify that an effect can return its own descriptor via GetDescriptor");
     Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
     Uuid actualType;
@@ -302,7 +272,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(getEffectType(), actualType);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetConfig) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetConfig) {
     description(
         "Verify that it is possible to manipulate effect config via Get / "
         "SetConfig");
@@ -321,26 +291,26 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret2);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetConfigReverse) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetConfigReverse) {
     description("Verify that GetConfigReverse does not crash");
     Return<void> ret = effect->getConfigReverse([&](Result, const EffectConfig&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSupportedAuxChannelsConfigs) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSupportedAuxChannelsConfigs) {
     description("Verify that GetSupportedAuxChannelsConfigs does not crash");
     Return<void> ret = effect->getSupportedAuxChannelsConfigs(
         0, [&](Result, const hidl_vec<EffectAuxChannelsConfig>&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetAuxChannelsConfig) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetAuxChannelsConfig) {
     description("Verify that GetAuxChannelsConfig does not crash");
     Return<void> ret = effect->getAuxChannelsConfig([&](Result, const EffectAuxChannelsConfig&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAuxChannelsConfig) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAuxChannelsConfig) {
     description("Verify that SetAuxChannelsConfig does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setAuxChannelsConfig(EffectAuxChannelsConfig());
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -379,7 +349,7 @@
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, Reset) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, Reset) {
     description("Verify that Reset preserves effect configuration");
     Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
     EffectConfig originalConfig;
@@ -404,11 +374,13 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(originalConfig, configAfterReset);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, DisableEnableDisable) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, DisableEnableDisable) {
     description("Verify Disable -> Enable -> Disable sequence for an effect");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->disable();
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, ret);
+    // Note: some legacy effects may return -EINVAL (INVALID_ARGUMENTS),
+    //       more canonical is to return -ENOSYS (NOT_SUPPORTED)
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ret == Result::NOT_SUPPORTED || ret == Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS);
     ret = effect->enable();
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
@@ -417,14 +389,14 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetDevice) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetDevice) {
     description("Verify that SetDevice works for an output chain effect");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setDevice(mkEnumBitfield(AudioDevice::OUT_SPEAKER));
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAndGetVolume) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAndGetVolume) {
     description("Verify that SetAndGetVolume method works for an effect");
     uint32_t channelCount;
     getChannelCount(&channelCount);
@@ -440,7 +412,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, VolumeChangeNotification) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, VolumeChangeNotification) {
     description("Verify that effect accepts VolumeChangeNotification");
     uint32_t channelCount;
     getChannelCount(&channelCount);
@@ -454,32 +426,32 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAudioMode) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAudioMode) {
     description("Verify that SetAudioMode works for an effect");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setAudioMode(AudioMode::NORMAL);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetConfigReverse) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetConfigReverse) {
     description("Verify that SetConfigReverse does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setConfigReverse(EffectConfig(), nullptr, nullptr);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetInputDevice) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetInputDevice) {
     description("Verify that SetInputDevice does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setInputDevice(mkEnumBitfield(AudioDevice::IN_BUILTIN_MIC));
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAudioSource) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAudioSource) {
     description("Verify that SetAudioSource does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setAudioSource(AudioSource::MIC);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, Offload) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, Offload) {
     description("Verify that calling Offload method does not crash");
     EffectOffloadParameter offloadParam;
     offloadParam.isOffload = false;
@@ -488,7 +460,7 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, PrepareForProcessing) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, PrepareForProcessing) {
     description("Verify that PrepareForProcessing method works for an effect");
     Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
     Return<void> ret = effect->prepareForProcessing(
@@ -497,7 +469,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetProcessBuffers) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetProcessBuffers) {
     description("Verify that SetProcessBuffers works for an effect");
     sp<IAllocator> ashmem = IAllocator::getService("ashmem");
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, ashmem.get());
@@ -516,41 +488,41 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret2);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, Command) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, Command) {
     description("Verify that Command does not crash");
     Return<void> ret =
         effect->command(0, hidl_vec<uint8_t>(), 0, [&](int32_t, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetParameter) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetParameter) {
     description("Verify that SetParameter does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setParameter(hidl_vec<uint8_t>(), hidl_vec<uint8_t>());
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetParameter) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetParameter) {
     description("Verify that GetParameter does not crash");
     Return<void> ret =
         effect->getParameter(hidl_vec<uint8_t>(), 0, [&](Result, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSupportedConfigsForFeature) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSupportedConfigsForFeature) {
     description("Verify that GetSupportedConfigsForFeature does not crash");
     Return<void> ret = effect->getSupportedConfigsForFeature(
         0, 0, 0, [&](Result, uint32_t, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetCurrentConfigForFeature) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetCurrentConfigForFeature) {
     description("Verify that GetCurrentConfigForFeature does not crash");
     Return<void> ret =
         effect->getCurrentConfigForFeature(0, 0, [&](Result, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetCurrentConfigForFeature) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetCurrentConfigForFeature) {
     description("Verify that SetCurrentConfigForFeature does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setCurrentConfigForFeature(0, hidl_vec<uint8_t>());
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -558,15 +530,19 @@
 
 // The main test class for Equalizer Audio Effect HIDL HAL.
 class EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest : public AudioEffectHidlTest {
-   public:
+  public:
     void SetUp() override {
         AudioEffectHidlTest::SetUp();
         equalizer = IEqualizerEffect::castFrom(effect);
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, equalizer.get());
     }
 
-   protected:
-    Uuid getEffectType() override { return EQUALIZER_EFFECT_TYPE; }
+    void TearDown() override {
+        equalizer.clear();
+        AudioEffectHidlTest::TearDown();
+    }
+
+  protected:
     void getNumBands(uint16_t* numBands);
     void getLevelRange(int16_t* minLevel, int16_t* maxLevel);
     void getBandFrequencyRange(uint16_t band, uint32_t* minFreq, uint32_t* centerFreq,
@@ -636,21 +612,21 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetNumBands) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetNumBands) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect reports at least one band");
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
     getNumBands(&numBands);
     EXPECT_GT(numBands, 0);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetLevelRange) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetLevelRange) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect reports adequate band level range");
     int16_t minLevel = 0x7fff, maxLevel = 0;
     getLevelRange(&minLevel, &maxLevel);
     EXPECT_GT(maxLevel, minLevel);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetBandLevel) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetBandLevel) {
     description("Verify that manipulating band levels works for Equalizer effect");
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
     getNumBands(&numBands);
@@ -679,7 +655,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetBandCenterFrequencyAndRange) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetBandCenterFrequencyAndRange) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect reports adequate band frequency range");
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
     getNumBands(&numBands);
@@ -694,7 +670,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetBandForFrequency) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetBandForFrequency) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect supports GetBandForFrequency correctly");
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
     getNumBands(&numBands);
@@ -723,14 +699,14 @@
     }
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetPresetNames) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetPresetNames) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect reports at least one preset");
     size_t presetCount;
     getPresetCount(&presetCount);
     EXPECT_GT(presetCount, 0u);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetCurrentPreset) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetCurrentPreset) {
     description("Verify that manipulating the current preset for Equalizer effect");
     size_t presetCount;
     getPresetCount(&presetCount);
@@ -753,7 +729,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetAllProperties) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetAllProperties) {
     description(
         "Verify that setting band levels and presets works via Get / "
         "SetAllProperties for Equalizer effect");
@@ -804,20 +780,23 @@
 
 // The main test class for Equalizer Audio Effect HIDL HAL.
 class LoudnessEnhancerAudioEffectHidlTest : public AudioEffectHidlTest {
-   public:
+  public:
     void SetUp() override {
         AudioEffectHidlTest::SetUp();
         enhancer = ILoudnessEnhancerEffect::castFrom(effect);
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, enhancer.get());
     }
 
-   protected:
-    Uuid getEffectType() override { return LOUDNESS_ENHANCER_EFFECT_TYPE; }
+    void TearDown() override {
+        enhancer.clear();
+        AudioEffectHidlTest::TearDown();
+    }
 
+  protected:
     sp<ILoudnessEnhancerEffect> enhancer;
 };
 
-EFFECT_TEST(LoudnessEnhancerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetTargetGain) {
+TEST_P(LoudnessEnhancerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetTargetGain) {
     description(
         "Verify that manipulating the target gain works for Loudness Enhancer "
         "effect");
@@ -838,26 +817,31 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(gain, actualGain);
 }
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(EffectsFactory, AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest,
+                         ::testing::ValuesIn(::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
+                         ::android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
-        EffectsFactory, AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest,
-        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
-        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+        Equalizer_IEffect, AudioEffectHidlTest,
+        ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                   IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
+                           ::testing::Values(EQUALIZER_EFFECT_TYPE)),
+        EffectParameterToString);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        LoudnessEnhancer_IEffect, AudioEffectHidlTest,
+        ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                   IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
+                           ::testing::Values(LOUDNESS_ENHANCER_EFFECT_TYPE)),
+        EffectParameterToString);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         Equalizer, EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest,
-        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
-        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+        ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                   IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
+                           ::testing::Values(EQUALIZER_EFFECT_TYPE)),
+        EffectParameterToString);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         LoudnessEnhancer, LoudnessEnhancerAudioEffectHidlTest,
-        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
-        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
-#endif
+        ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                   IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
+                           ::testing::Values(LOUDNESS_ENHANCER_EFFECT_TYPE)),
+        EffectParameterToString);
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6e720b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push" value="audio_effects_conf_V2_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_effects_conf_V2_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df826c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push" value="audio_effects_conf_V4_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_effects_conf_V4_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14bdf43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push" value="audio_effects_conf_V5_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_effects_conf_V5_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23adad0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push" value="audio_effects_conf_V6_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_effects_conf_V6_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/vts/OWNERS b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24071af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+elaurent@google.com
+mnaganov@google.com
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b50e501
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest",
+    defaults: ["vts_target_tests_defaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "ValidateEngineConfiguration.cpp",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libxml2",
+        "liblog",
+        "libmedia_helper",
+        "libaudiopolicyengine_config",
+        "libaudiopolicycomponents",
+        "libaudiopolicyengineconfigurable_pfwwrapper",
+        "android.hardware.audio.common.test.utility",
+        "libparameter",
+        "libpfw_utility",
+        "libremote-processor",
+        "libutils",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "liblog",
+        "libbase",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libaudiofoundation",
+    ],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest.xml",
+    cflags: [
+        "-DXSD_DIR=\"/data/local/tmp\"",
+        "-DXSD_PFW_DIR=\"/data/local/tmp/Schemas\"",
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-Wno-unused-function",
+        "-O0",
+        "-g",
+    ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_policy_engine_conf_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentLibrary_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentTypeSet_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomain_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomains_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_FileIncluder_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Parameter_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterFrameworkConfiguration_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterSettings_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Subsystem_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_SystemClass_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_W3cXmlAttributes_V1_0",
+    ],
+    gtest: true,
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateEngineConfiguration.cpp b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateEngineConfiguration.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0aaa6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateEngineConfiguration.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <EngineConfig.h>
+#include <ParameterManagerWrapper.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string>
+#include "utility/ValidateXml.h"
+
+static const std::vector<const char*> locations = {"/odm/etc", "/vendor/etc", "/system/etc"};
+static const std::string config = "audio_policy_engine_configuration.xml";
+static const std::string schema =
+        std::string(XSD_DIR) + "/audio_policy_engine_configuration_V1_0.xsd";
+
+static const std::string configurableSchemas =
+        std::string(XSD_DIR) + "/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_V1_0.xsd";
+static const std::string configurableConfig =
+        "parameter-framework/ParameterFrameworkConfigurationPolicy.xml";
+
+/**
+ * @brief TEST to ensure the audio policy engine configuration file is validating schemas.
+ * Note: this configuration file is not mandatory, an hardcoded fallback is provided, so
+ * it does not fail if not found.
+ */
+TEST(ValidateConfiguration, audioPolicyEngineConfiguration) {
+    RecordProperty("description",
+                   "Verify that the audio policy engine configuration file "
+                   "is valid according to the schemas");
+    EXPECT_VALID_XML_MULTIPLE_LOCATIONS(config.c_str(), locations, schema.c_str());
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief deviceUsesConfigurableEngine checks if the configuration file for
+ * the engine presents on the device AND
+ * for the configurable engine (aka Parameter-Framework top configuration file) presents.
+ */
+static bool deviceUsesConfigurableEngine() {
+    return android::hardware::audio::common::test::utility::validateXmlMultipleLocations<true>(
+                   "", "", "", config.c_str(), locations, schema.c_str()) &&
+           android::hardware::audio::common::test::utility::validateXmlMultipleLocations<true>(
+                   "", "", "", configurableConfig.c_str(), locations, configurableSchemas.c_str());
+}
+
+TEST(ValidateConfiguration, audioPolicyEngineConfigurable) {
+    if (!deviceUsesConfigurableEngine()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Device using legacy engine without parameter-framework, n-op.";
+    }
+    RecordProperty("description",
+                   "Verify that the audio policy engine PFW configuration files "
+                   "are valid according to the schemas");
+
+    auto testAudioPolicyEnginePfw = [&](bool validateSchema, const std::string& schemasUri) {
+        auto result = android::engineConfig::parse();
+
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, result.parsedConfig)
+                << "failed to parse audio policy engine configuration";
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(result.nbSkippedElement, 0) << "skipped %zu elements " << result.nbSkippedElement;
+
+        std::unique_ptr<android::audio_policy::ParameterManagerWrapper> policyParameterMgr(
+                new android::audio_policy::ParameterManagerWrapper(validateSchema, schemasUri));
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, policyParameterMgr) << "failed to create Audio Policy Engine PFW";
+
+        // Load the criterion types and criteria
+        for (auto& criterion : result.parsedConfig->criteria) {
+            android::engineConfig::CriterionType criterionType;
+            for (auto& configCriterionType : result.parsedConfig->criterionTypes) {
+                if (configCriterionType.name == criterion.typeName) {
+                    criterionType = configCriterionType;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            ASSERT_FALSE(criterionType.name.empty())
+                    << "Invalid criterion type for " << criterion.name.c_str();
+            policyParameterMgr->addCriterion(criterion.name, criterionType.isInclusive,
+                                             criterionType.valuePairs,
+                                             criterion.defaultLiteralValue);
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, result.nbSkippedElement) << "failed to parse Audio Policy Engine PFW criteria";
+
+        // If the PFW cannot validate, it will not start
+        std::string error;
+        auto status = policyParameterMgr->start(error);
+        ASSERT_EQ(status, android::NO_ERROR)
+                << "failed to " << (validateSchema ? "validate" : "start")
+                << " Audio Policy Engine PFW: " << error;
+
+        ASSERT_TRUE(policyParameterMgr->isStarted());
+    };
+
+    // First round for sanity to ensure we can launch the Audio Policy Engine PFW without
+    // schema validation successfully, otherwise it is not forth going on running validation...
+    testAudioPolicyEnginePfw(false, {});
+
+    // If second round fails, it means parameter-framework cannot validate schema
+    testAudioPolicyEnginePfw(true, {XSD_PFW_DIR});
+}
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68b390f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest.">
+  <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+  <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+  <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+  </target_preparer>
+
+  <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+  </target_preparer>
+
+  <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+    <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+    <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_conf_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_engine_configuration_V1_0.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_V1_0.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentLibrary_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/ComponentLibrary.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentTypeSet_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/ComponentTypeSet.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomain_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/ConfigurableDomain.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomains_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/ConfigurableDomains.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_FileIncluder_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/FileIncluder.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Parameter_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/Parameter.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterFrameworkConfiguration_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterSettings_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/ParameterSettings.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Subsystem_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/Subsystem.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_SystemClass_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/SystemClass.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_W3cXmlAttributes_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/W3cXmlAttributes.xsd" />
+  </target_preparer>
+
+  <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+    <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+    <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest" />
+  </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/Android.bp b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6da7b5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+xsd_config {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_conf_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd"],
+    package_name: "audio.policy.V1_0",
+}
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/current.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/current.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccbc828
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/current.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+// Signature format: 2.0
+package audio.policy.V1_0 {
+
+  public class AttributesGroup {
+    ctor public AttributesGroup();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.AttributesType> getAttributes_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.BundleType getBundle_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.ContentTypeType getContentType_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.FlagsType getFlags_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.SourceType getSource_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.Stream getStreamType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.UsageType getUsage_optional();
+    method public String getVolumeGroup();
+    method public void setBundle_optional(audio.policy.V1_0.BundleType);
+    method public void setContentType_optional(audio.policy.V1_0.ContentTypeType);
+    method public void setFlags_optional(audio.policy.V1_0.FlagsType);
+    method public void setSource_optional(audio.policy.V1_0.SourceType);
+    method public void setStreamType(audio.policy.V1_0.Stream);
+    method public void setUsage_optional(audio.policy.V1_0.UsageType);
+    method public void setVolumeGroup(String);
+  }
+
+  public class AttributesRef {
+    ctor public AttributesRef();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.AttributesRefType> getReference();
+  }
+
+  public class AttributesRefType {
+    ctor public AttributesRefType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.AttributesType getAttributes();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setAttributes(audio.policy.V1_0.AttributesType);
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class AttributesType {
+    ctor public AttributesType();
+    method public String getAttributesRef();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.BundleType getBundle();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.ContentTypeType getContentType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.FlagsType getFlags();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.SourceType getSource();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.UsageType getUsage();
+    method public void setAttributesRef(String);
+    method public void setBundle(audio.policy.V1_0.BundleType);
+    method public void setContentType(audio.policy.V1_0.ContentTypeType);
+    method public void setFlags(audio.policy.V1_0.FlagsType);
+    method public void setSource(audio.policy.V1_0.SourceType);
+    method public void setUsage(audio.policy.V1_0.UsageType);
+  }
+
+  public class BundleType {
+    ctor public BundleType();
+    method public String getKey();
+    method public String getValue();
+    method public void setKey(String);
+    method public void setValue(String);
+  }
+
+  public class Configuration {
+    ctor public Configuration();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.AttributesRef> getAttributesRef();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.CriteriaType> getCriteria();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.CriterionTypesType> getCriterion_types();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.ProductStrategies> getProductStrategies();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.Version getVersion();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.VolumeGroupsType> getVolumeGroups();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.VolumesType> getVolumes();
+    method public void setVersion(audio.policy.V1_0.Version);
+  }
+
+  public enum ContentType {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+  }
+
+  public class ContentTypeType {
+    ctor public ContentTypeType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType getValue();
+    method public void setValue(audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType);
+  }
+
+  public class CriteriaType {
+    ctor public CriteriaType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.CriterionType> getCriterion();
+  }
+
+  public class CriterionType {
+    ctor public CriterionType();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public String getType();
+    method public String get_default();
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setType(String);
+    method public void set_default(String);
+  }
+
+  public class CriterionTypeType {
+    ctor public CriterionTypeType();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.PfwCriterionTypeEnum getType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.ValuesType getValues();
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setType(audio.policy.V1_0.PfwCriterionTypeEnum);
+    method public void setValues(audio.policy.V1_0.ValuesType);
+  }
+
+  public class CriterionTypesType {
+    ctor public CriterionTypesType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.CriterionTypeType> getCriterion_type();
+  }
+
+  public enum DeviceCategory {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory DEVICE_CATEGORY_EARPIECE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory DEVICE_CATEGORY_EXT_MEDIA;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEARING_AID;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER;
+  }
+
+  public enum FlagType {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_AUDIBILITY_ENFORCED;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_BEACON;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_BYPASS_INTERRUPTION_POLICY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_BYPASS_MUTE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_DEEP_BUFFER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_HW_AV_SYNC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_HW_HOTWORD;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_LOW_LATENCY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_MUTE_HAPTIC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_NONE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_NO_MEDIA_PROJECTION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_NO_SYSTEM_CAPTURE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_SCO;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_SECURE;
+  }
+
+  public class FlagsType {
+    ctor public FlagsType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType> getValue();
+    method public void setValue(java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType>);
+  }
+
+  public enum PfwCriterionTypeEnum {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.PfwCriterionTypeEnum exclusive;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.PfwCriterionTypeEnum inclusive;
+  }
+
+  public class ProductStrategies {
+    ctor public ProductStrategies();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.ProductStrategies.ProductStrategy> getProductStrategy();
+  }
+
+  public static class ProductStrategies.ProductStrategy {
+    ctor public ProductStrategies.ProductStrategy();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.AttributesGroup> getAttributesGroup();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public enum SourceEnumType {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_CAMCORDER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_ECHO_REFERENCE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_FM_TUNER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_MIC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_REMOTE_SUBMIX;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_UNPROCESSED;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_CALL;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_DOWNLINK;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_PERFORMANCE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_RECOGNITION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_UPLINK;
+  }
+
+  public class SourceType {
+    ctor public SourceType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType getValue();
+    method public void setValue(audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType);
+  }
+
+  public enum Stream {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ALARM;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_DEFAULT;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ENFORCED_AUDIBLE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_NOTIFICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_RING;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_SYSTEM;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_TTS;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_VOICE_CALL;
+  }
+
+  public enum UsageEnumType {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ALARM;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_ACCESSIBILITY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_NAVIGATION_GUIDANCE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_SONIFICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_GAME;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_TELEPHONY_RINGTONE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_UNKNOWN;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION_SIGNALLING;
+  }
+
+  public class UsageType {
+    ctor public UsageType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType getValue();
+    method public void setValue(audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType);
+  }
+
+  public class ValueType {
+    ctor public ValueType();
+    method public String getLiteral();
+    method public int getNumerical();
+    method public void setLiteral(String);
+    method public void setNumerical(int);
+  }
+
+  public class ValuesType {
+    ctor public ValuesType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.ValueType> getValue();
+  }
+
+  public enum Version {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Version _1_0;
+  }
+
+  public class Volume {
+    ctor public Volume();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory getDeviceCategory();
+    method public java.util.List<java.lang.String> getPoint();
+    method public String getRef();
+    method public void setDeviceCategory(audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory);
+    method public void setRef(String);
+  }
+
+  public class VolumeGroupsType {
+    ctor public VolumeGroupsType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.VolumeGroupsType.VolumeGroup> getVolumeGroup();
+  }
+
+  public static class VolumeGroupsType.VolumeGroup {
+    ctor public VolumeGroupsType.VolumeGroup();
+    method public int getIndexMax();
+    method public int getIndexMin();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.Volume> getVolume();
+    method public void setIndexMax(int);
+    method public void setIndexMin(int);
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class VolumeRef {
+    ctor public VolumeRef();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public java.util.List<java.lang.String> getPoint();
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class VolumesType {
+    ctor public VolumesType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.VolumeRef> getReference();
+  }
+
+  public class XmlParser {
+    ctor public XmlParser();
+    method public static audio.policy.V1_0.Configuration read(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static String readText(org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser) throws java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static void skip(org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser) throws java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+  }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/last_current.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/last_current.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/last_current.txt
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/last_removed.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/last_removed.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/last_removed.txt
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/removed.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/removed.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d802177
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/removed.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// Signature format: 2.0
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a23d9a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,400 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+     -->
+
+ <xs:schema version="2.0"
+            elementFormDefault="qualified"
+            attributeFormDefault="unqualified"
+            xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <!-- List the config versions supported by audio policy engine. -->
+    <xs:simpleType name="version">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:decimal">
+            <xs:enumeration value="1.0"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:element name="configuration">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="ProductStrategies" type="ProductStrategies"  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="criterion_types" type="criterionTypesType"  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="criteria" type="criteriaType"  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="volumeGroups" type="volumeGroupsType"  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="volumes" type="volumesType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="attributesRef" type="attributesRef"  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="version" type="version" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+
+        <xs:key name="volumeCurveNameKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="volumes/reference"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+        </xs:key>
+        <xs:keyref name="volumeCurveRef" refer="volumeCurveNameKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="volumeGroups/volumeGroup"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@ref"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+
+        <xs:key name="attributesRefNameKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="attributesRef/reference"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+        </xs:key>
+        <xs:keyref name="volumeGroupAttributesRef" refer="attributesRefNameKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="volumeGroups/volumeGroup/volume"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@attributesRef"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+        <xs:keyref name="ProductStrategyAttributesRef" refer="attributesRefNameKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ProductStrategies/ProductStrategy/Attributes"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@attributesRef"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+
+        <xs:unique name="productStrategyNameUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ProductStrategies/ProductStrategy"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+
+        <!-- ensure validity of volume group referred in product strategy-->
+        <xs:key name="volumeGroupKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="volumeGroups/volumeGroup/name"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="."/>
+        </xs:key>
+        <xs:keyref name="volumeGroupRef" refer="volumeGroupKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ProductStrategies/ProductStrategy/AttributesGroup"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@volumeGroup"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+
+        <xs:unique name="volumeTargetUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="volumeGroups/volumeGroup"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@deviceCategory"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+
+        <!-- ensure validity of criterion type referred in criterion-->
+        <xs:key name="criterionTypeKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="criterion_types/criterion_type"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+        </xs:key>
+        <xs:keyref name="criterionTypeKeyRef" refer="criterionTypeKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="criteria/criterion"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@type"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+
+    </xs:element>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="ProductStrategies">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+            </xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="ProductStrategy" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:element name="AttributesGroup" type="AttributesGroup" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+                </xs:complexType>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="AttributesGroup">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
+                <xs:element name="Attributes" type="AttributesType" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:element name="ContentType" type="ContentTypeType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                    <xs:element name="Usage" type="UsageType" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                    <xs:element name="Source" type="SourceType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                    <xs:element name="Flags" type="FlagsType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                    <xs:element name="Bundle" type="BundleType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                </xs:sequence>
+            </xs:choice>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="streamType" type="stream" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="volumeGroup" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="volumeGroupsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+             <xs:element name="volumeGroup" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                         <xs:element name="name" type="xs:token"/>
+                         <xs:element name="indexMin" type="xs:int" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                         <xs:element name="indexMax" type="xs:int" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                         <xs:element name="volume" type="volume" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                     </xs:sequence>
+                </xs:complexType>
+                <xs:unique name="volumeAttributesUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="volume"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="deviceCategory"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+             </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="volumesType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="reference" type="volumeRef" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="attributesRef">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="reference" type="attributesRefType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="criteriaType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="criterion" type="criterionType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="criterionType">
+        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="type" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="default" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="criterionTypesType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="criterion_type" type="criterionTypeType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="criterionTypeType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="values" type="valuesType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:token" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="type" type="pfwCriterionTypeEnum" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="valuesType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="value" type="valueType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="valueType">
+        <xs:attribute name="literal" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="numerical" type="xs:int" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="attributesRefType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="Attributes" type="AttributesType" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:token" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="AttributesType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="ContentType" type="ContentTypeType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+            <xs:element name="Usage" type="UsageType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+            <xs:element name="Source" type="SourceType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+            <xs:element name="Flags" type="FlagsType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+            <xs:element name="Bundle" type="BundleType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="attributesRef" type="xs:token" use="optional"/>
+        <!-- with xsd 1.1, it is impossible to make choice on either attributes or element...-->
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="ContentTypeType">
+        <xs:attribute name="value" type="contentType" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="UsageType">
+        <xs:attribute name="value" type="usageEnumType" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="SourceType">
+        <xs:attribute name="value" type="sourceEnumType" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="FlagsType">
+        <xs:attribute name="value" type="flagsEnumType" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="BundleType">
+        <xs:attribute name="key" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="value" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="volume">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+                Volume section defines a volume curve for a given use case and device category.
+                It contains a list of points of this curve expressing the attenuation in Millibels
+                for a given volume index from 0 to 100.
+                <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER">
+                    <point>0,-9600</point>
+                    <point>100,0</point>
+                </volume>
+
+                It may also reference a reference/@name to avoid duplicating curves.
+                <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER" ref="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+                <reference name="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE">
+                    <point>0,-9600</point>
+                    <point>100,0</point>
+                </reference>
+            </xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="point" type="volumePoint" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="deviceCategory" type="deviceCategory"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="ref" type="xs:token" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="volumeRef">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="point" type="volumePoint" minOccurs="2" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:token" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="volumePoint">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+                Comma separated pair of number.
+                The fist one is the framework level (between 0 and 100).
+                The second one is the volume to send to the HAL.
+                The framework will interpolate volumes not specified.
+                Their MUST be at least 2 points specified.
+            </xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:pattern value="([0-9]{1,2}|100),-?[0-9]+"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="streamsCsv">
+        <xs:list>
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="stream">
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:list>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <!-- Enum values of audio_stream_type_t in audio-base.h
+         TODO: avoid manual sync. -->
+    <xs:simpleType name="stream">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
+            <!--xs:pattern value="\c+(,\c+)*"/-->
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_DEFAULT"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_VOICE_CALL"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_SYSTEM"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_RING"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_ALARM"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_NOTIFICATION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_ENFORCED_AUDIBLE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_TTS"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="deviceCategory">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEADSET"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="DEVICE_CATEGORY_EARPIECE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="DEVICE_CATEGORY_EXT_MEDIA"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEARING_AID"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="contentType">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_UNKNOWN"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="usageEnumType">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_UNKNOWN"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION_SIGNALLING"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ALARM"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_TELEPHONY_RINGTONE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_ACCESSIBILITY"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_NAVIGATION_GUIDANCE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_SONIFICATION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_GAME"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="flagsEnumType">
+        <xs:list>
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="flagType">
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:list>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="flagType">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_NONE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_AUDIBILITY_ENFORCED"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_SECURE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_SCO"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_BEACON"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_HW_AV_SYNC"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_HW_HOTWORD"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_BYPASS_INTERRUPTION_POLICY"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_BYPASS_MUTE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_LOW_LATENCY"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_DEEP_BUFFER"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_NO_MEDIA_PROJECTION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_MUTE_HAPTIC"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_NO_SYSTEM_CAPTURE"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="sourceEnumType">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_MIC"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_UPLINK"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_DOWNLINK"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_CALL"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_CAMCORDER"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_RECOGNITION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_REMOTE_SUBMIX"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_UNPROCESSED"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_PERFORMANCE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_ECHO_REFERENCE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_FM_TUNER"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="pfwCriterionTypeEnum">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="inclusive"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="exclusive"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/AllSchemas.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/AllSchemas.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e04a38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/AllSchemas.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,754 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+ <!-- BEGIN W3cXmlAttributes.xsd -->
+ <xs:annotation>
+  <xs:documentation>
+   See http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace.html and
+   http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml for information about this namespace.
+
+    This schema document describes the XML namespace, in a form
+    suitable for import by other schema documents.
+
+    Note that local names in this namespace are intended to be defined
+    only by the World Wide Web Consortium or its subgroups.  The
+    following names are currently defined in this namespace and should
+    not be used with conflicting semantics by any Working Group,
+    specification, or document instance:
+
+    base (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose value
+         provides a URI to be used as the base for interpreting any
+         relative URIs in the scope of the element on which it
+         appears; its value is inherited.  This name is reserved
+         by virtue of its definition in the XML Base specification.
+
+    id   (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose value
+         should be interpreted as if declared to be of type ID.
+         The xml:id specification is not yet a W3C Recommendation,
+         but this attribute is included here to facilitate experimentation
+         with the mechanisms it proposes.  Note that it is _not_ included
+         in the specialAttrs attribute group.
+
+    lang (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose value
+         is a language code for the natural language of the content of
+         any element; its value is inherited.  This name is reserved
+         by virtue of its definition in the XML specification.
+
+    space (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose
+         value is a keyword indicating what whitespace processing
+         discipline is intended for the content of the element; its
+         value is inherited.  This name is reserved by virtue of its
+         definition in the XML specification.
+
+    Father (in any context at all): denotes Jon Bosak, the chair of
+         the original XML Working Group.  This name is reserved by
+         the following decision of the W3C XML Plenary and
+         XML Coordination groups:
+
+             In appreciation for his vision, leadership and dedication
+             the W3C XML Plenary on this 10th day of February, 2000
+             reserves for Jon Bosak in perpetuity the XML name
+             xml:Father
+  </xs:documentation>
+ </xs:annotation>
+
+ <xs:annotation>
+  <xs:documentation>This schema defines attributes and an attribute group
+        suitable for use by
+        schemas wishing to allow xml:base, xml:lang, xml:space or xml:id
+        attributes on elements they define.
+
+        To enable this, such a schema must import this schema
+        for the XML namespace, e.g. as follows:
+        &lt;schema . . .>
+         . . .
+         &lt;import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
+                    schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/xml.xsd"/>
+
+        Subsequently, qualified reference to any of the attributes
+        or the group defined below will have the desired effect, e.g.
+
+        &lt;type . . .>
+         . . .
+         &lt;attributeGroup ref="xml:specialAttrs"/>
+
+         will define a type which will schema-validate an instance
+         element with any of those attributes</xs:documentation>
+ </xs:annotation>
+
+ <xs:annotation>
+  <xs:documentation>In keeping with the XML Schema WG's standard versioning
+   policy, this schema document will persist at
+   http://www.w3.org/2005/08/xml.xsd.
+   At the date of issue it can also be found at
+   http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd.
+   The schema document at that URI may however change in the future,
+   in order to remain compatible with the latest version of XML Schema
+   itself, or with the XML namespace itself.  In other words, if the XML
+   Schema or XML namespaces change, the version of this document at
+   http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd will change
+   accordingly; the version at
+   http://www.w3.org/2005/08/xml.xsd will not change.
+  </xs:documentation>
+ </xs:annotation>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="lang">
+  <xs:annotation>
+   <xs:documentation>Attempting to install the relevant ISO 2- and 3-letter
+         codes as the enumerated possible values is probably never
+         going to be a realistic possibility.  See
+         RFC 3066 at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt and the IANA registry
+         at http://www.iana.org/assignments/lang-tag-apps.htm for
+         further information.
+
+         The union allows for the 'un-declaration' of xml:lang with
+         the empty string.</xs:documentation>
+  </xs:annotation>
+  <xs:simpleType>
+   <xs:union memberTypes="xs:language">
+    <xs:simpleType name="langEnum">
+     <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:enumeration value=""/>
+     </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+   </xs:union>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="space">
+  <xs:simpleType name="spaceEnum">
+   <xs:restriction base="xs:NCName">
+    <xs:enumeration value="default"/>
+    <xs:enumeration value="preserve"/>
+   </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="base" type="xs:anyURI">
+  <xs:annotation>
+   <xs:documentation>See http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlbase/ for
+                     information about this attribute.</xs:documentation>
+  </xs:annotation>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:ID">
+  <xs:annotation>
+   <xs:documentation>See http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-id/ for
+                     information about this attribute.</xs:documentation>
+  </xs:annotation>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attributeGroup name="specialAttrs">
+  <xs:attribute ref="xml:base"/>
+  <xs:attribute ref="xml:lang"/>
+  <xs:attribute ref="xml:space"/>
+ </xs:attributeGroup>
+ <!-- END W3cXmlAttributes.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN ParameterSettings.xsd -->
+<!-- BUG b/147297854 - removed "abstract" from type definition -->
+    <xs:complexType name="ParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:extension base="xs:string">
+                <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="optional">
+                    <xs:simpleType name="ValueSpaceEnum">
+                        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+                            <xs:enumeration value="Raw"/>
+                            <xs:enumeration value="Real"/>
+                        </xs:restriction>
+                    </xs:simpleType>
+                </xs:attribute>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="BooleanParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:pattern value="([01][\s]*)+"/>
+                <xs:pattern value="((0x0|0x1)[\s]*)+"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="prohibited"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="IntegerParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:pattern value="(0|([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*))(\s+(0|([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)))*"/>
+                <xs:pattern value="(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(\s+(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+))*"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="prohibited"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="EnumParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="prohibited"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PointParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:pattern value="((0|[+-]?0\.[0-9]+|(([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?))([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?)(\s+(0|[+-]?0\.[0-9]+|(([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?))([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?)*"/>
+                <xs:pattern value="(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(\s+(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+))*"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="BitParameterBlockType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="BitParameter" maxOccurs="unbounded" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="StringParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:extension base="xs:string">
+                <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="ParameterBlockGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="BooleanParameter" type="BooleanParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="IntegerParameter" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="EnumParameter" type="EnumParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="FixedPointParameter" type="PointParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="FloatingPointParameter" type="PointParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="BitParameterBlock" type="BitParameterBlockType">
+                <xs:unique name="BitParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+            <xs:element name="StringParameter" type="StringParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="Component" type="ParameterBlockType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ParameterBlock" type="ParameterBlockType">
+                <xs:unique name="ParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ParameterBlockType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <!-- END ParameterSettings.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN ConfigurableDomain.xsd -->
+    <xs:complexType name="SelectionCriterionRuleType">
+        <xs:attribute name="SelectionCriterion" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="MatchesWhen" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType name="MatchesWhenEnum">
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Is"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="IsNot"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Includes"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Excludes"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+        <xs:attribute name="Value" use="required" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="RuleGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="CompoundRule" type="CompoundRuleType"/>
+            <xs:element name="SelectionCriterionRule" type="SelectionCriterionRuleType"/>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="CompoundRuleType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="RuleGroup" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Type">
+            <xs:simpleType name="TypeEnum">
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Any"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="All"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurationsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="Configuration">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:element name="CompoundRule" type="CompoundRuleType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+                </xs:complexType>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="ComponentGroup">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:choice>
+                <xs:group ref="ComponentGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="Subsystem" type="ComponentType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:choice>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurableElementsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0" name="ConfigurableElement">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:attribute name="Path" use="required">
+                        <xs:simpleType>
+                            <xs:restriction base="xs:anyURI">
+                                <xs:pattern value="/.*[^/]"/>
+                            </xs:restriction>
+                        </xs:simpleType>
+                    </xs:attribute>
+                </xs:complexType>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurableElementSettingsType">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="BitParameter" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+            <xs:group ref="ComponentGroup"/>
+        </xs:choice>
+        <xs:attribute name="Path" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:anyURI">
+                    <xs:pattern value="/.*[^/]"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="SettingsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0" name="Configuration">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:element name="ConfigurableElement" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" type="ConfigurableElementSettingsType"/>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+                </xs:complexType>
+                <xs:unique name="ConfigurableElementUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableElement"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Path"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurableDomainType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="Configurations" type="ConfigurationsType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ConfigurableElements" type="ConfigurableElementsType"/>
+            <xs:element name="Settings" type="SettingsType" minOccurs="0"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="SequenceAware" use="optional" type="xs:boolean" default="false"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="ConfigurableDomain" type="ConfigurableDomainType"/>
+    <!-- END ConfigurableDomain.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN ConfigurableDomains.xsd -->
+    <xs:element name="ConfigurableDomains">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="ConfigurableDomain" type="ConfigurableDomainType">
+                    <xs:key name="ConfigurableElementKey">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableElements/ConfigurableElement"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Path"/>
+                    </xs:key>
+                    <xs:keyref refer="ConfigurableElementKey" name="ConfigurableDomainReference">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="Settings/Configuration/ConfigurableElement"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Path"/>
+                    </xs:keyref>
+                    <xs:key name="ConfigurationKey">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="Configurations/Configuration"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                    </xs:key>
+                    <xs:keyref refer="ConfigurationKey" name="ConfigurationReference2">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableElements/ConfigurableElement/Configuration"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                    </xs:keyref>
+                    <xs:keyref refer="ConfigurationKey" name="ConfigurationReference">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="Settings/Configuration"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                    </xs:keyref>
+                </xs:element>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="SystemClassName" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+        <xs:unique name="ConfigurableDomainUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableDomain"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+    <!-- END ConfigurableDomains.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN Parameter.xsd -->
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="Nameable">
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Description" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="TypedNameable">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Type" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentInstance">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="TypedNameable"/>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="ArrayLengthAttribute"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:simpleType name="SizeType">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:positiveInteger">
+            <xs:pattern value="8|16|32"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:simpleType name="SizeType64">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:positiveInteger">
+            <xs:pattern value="8|16|32|64"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="IntegerParameterAttributes">
+        <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Min" type="xs:integer" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Max" type="xs:integer" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Signed" type="xs:boolean" use="optional" default="false"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="ArrayLengthAttribute">
+        <xs:attribute name="ArrayLength" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="optional" default="0"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:complexType name="Adaptation">
+        <xs:attribute name="Offset" type="xs:integer" default="0"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="LinearAdaptationType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Adaptation">
+                <xs:attribute name="SlopeNumerator" type="xs:double" default="1"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="SlopeDenominator" type="xs:double" default="1"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="LinearAdaptation" type="LinearAdaptationType"/>
+    <xs:element name="LogarithmicAdaptation">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:complexContent>
+                <xs:extension base="LinearAdaptationType">
+                    <xs:attribute name="LogarithmBase" type="xs:double" default="10"/>
+                    <xs:attribute name="FloorValue" type="xs:double" default="-INF"/>
+                </xs:extension>
+            </xs:complexContent>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+<!-- BUG b/147297854 - removed abstract from Parameter definition -->
+    <xs:complexType name="Parameter">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="ArrayLengthAttribute"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="BooleanParameter">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:complexContent>
+                <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                    <xs:attribute name="Size" fixed="8" type="SizeType"/>
+                </xs:extension>
+            </xs:complexContent>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:complexType name="IntegerParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
+                    <xs:element ref="LinearAdaptation"/>
+                    <xs:element ref="LogarithmicAdaptation"/>
+                </xs:choice>
+                <xs:attributeGroup ref="IntegerParameterAttributes"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Unit" type="xs:token" use="optional"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="IntegerParameter" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="EnumParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                <xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:element name="ValuePair" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                        <xs:complexType>
+                            <xs:attribute name="Literal" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+                            <xs:attribute name="Numerical" use="required">
+                                <xs:simpleType>
+                                    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+                                        <xs:pattern value="0|[+-]?[1-9][0-9]*"/>
+                                        <xs:pattern value="0x[0-9a-fA-F]+"/>
+                                    </xs:restriction>
+                                </xs:simpleType>
+                            </xs:attribute>
+                        </xs:complexType>
+                    </xs:element>
+                </xs:sequence>
+                <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType" use="required"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="EnumParameter" type="EnumParameterType">
+        <xs:unique name="LiteralUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ValuePair"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Literal"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+        <xs:unique name="NumericalUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ValuePair"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Numerical"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:simpleType name="PointBound">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:pattern value="(0|[+-]?0\.[0-9]+|(([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?))([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PointParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                <xs:attribute name="Unit" type="xs:token" use="optional"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="FixedPointParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="PointParameterType">
+                <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType" use="required"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Integral" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="required"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Fractional" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="required"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="FixedPointParameter" type="FixedPointParameterType"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="FloatingPointParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="PointParameterType">
+                <xs:attribute name="Size" fixed="32" type="SizeType"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Min" type="PointBound" use="optional"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Max" type="PointBound" use="optional"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="FloatingPointParameter" type="FloatingPointParameterType"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="BitParameterType">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Size" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:positiveInteger">
+                    <xs:maxInclusive value="64"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+        <xs:attribute name="Pos" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:nonNegativeInteger">
+                    <xs:maxInclusive value="63"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+        <xs:attribute name="Max" type="xs:integer" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="BitParameterBlock">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="BitParameter" type="BitParameterType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType64" use="required"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+        <xs:unique name="BitParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:element name="StringParameter">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="MaxLength" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:group name="ParameterBlockGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element ref="BooleanParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="IntegerParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="EnumParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="FixedPointParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="FloatingPointParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="BitParameterBlock"/>
+            <xs:element ref="StringParameter"/>
+            <xs:element name="Component" type="ComponentInstance"/>
+            <xs:element name="ParameterBlock" type="ParameterBlockType">
+                <xs:unique name="ParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ParameterBlockType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="ArrayLengthAttribute"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <!-- END Parameter.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN ComponentTypeSet.xsd -->
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Extends" use="optional" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="ComponentTypeSetGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="ComponentLibrary" type="ComponentTypeSetType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ComponentTypeSet" type="ComponentTypeSetType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ComponentType" type="ComponentType">
+                <xs:unique name="ComponentTypeSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentTypeSetType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ComponentTypeSetGroup" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute ref="xml:base"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="ComponentTypeSet" type="ComponentTypeSetType">
+        <xs:unique name="ComponentTypeUniquenessInComponentTypeSet">
+            <xs:selector xpath=".//ComponentType"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+    <!-- END ComponentTypeSet.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN ComponentLibrary.xsd -->
+    <xs:element name="ComponentLibrary" type="ComponentTypeSetType">
+        <xs:key name="ComponentTypeUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath=".//ComponentType"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:key>
+        <xs:keyref name="ComponentTypeNotFound" refer="ComponentTypeUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath=".//ComponentType/Component"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Type"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+    </xs:element>
+    <!-- END ComponentLibrary.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN Subsystem.xsd -->
+    <xs:complexType name="SubsystemType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element ref="ComponentLibrary"/>
+            <xs:element name="InstanceDefinition">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:sequence>
+                            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup"/>
+                        </xs:sequence>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                </xs:complexType>
+                <xs:unique name="InstanceDefinitionSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Type" use="required" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="Subsystem" type="SubsystemType">
+        <xs:keyref name="InstanceDefinitionComponentTypeNotFound" refer="ComponentTypeUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="InstanceDefinition/Component"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Type"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+    </xs:element>
+    <!-- END Subsystem.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN FileIncluder.xsd -->
+    <xs:complexType name="FileIncluderType">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation>Element type used to import a root element from a file.</xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:attribute name="Path" type="xs:anyURI" use="required">
+            <xs:annotation>
+                <xs:documentation>Path to the file to import.
+This path may be absolute or relative to the path of the includer file.</xs:documentation>
+            </xs:annotation>
+        </xs:attribute>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <!-- END FileIncluder.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN SystemClass.xsd -->
+    <xs:element name="SystemClass">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                    <xs:element name="SubsystemInclude" type="FileIncluderType"/>
+                    <xs:element ref="Subsystem"/>
+                </xs:choice>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <!-- END SystemClass.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd -->
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurationFilePath">
+        <xs:attribute name="Path" type="xs:anyURI" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PluginFile">
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PluginLocation">
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="Plugin" type="PluginFile" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="Folder" type="xs:anyURI" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="SubsystemPlugins">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="Location" type="PluginLocation" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:complexType name="SettingsConfigurationType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="ConfigurableDomainsFileLocation" type="ConfigurationFilePath"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="ParameterFrameworkConfiguration">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element ref="SubsystemPlugins" />
+                <xs:element name="StructureDescriptionFileLocation" type="ConfigurationFilePath"/>
+                <xs:element name="SettingsConfiguration" type="SettingsConfigurationType" minOccurs="0"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="SystemClassName" use="required" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="ServerPort" use="required" type="xs:string"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="TuningAllowed" use="required" type="xs:boolean"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <!-- END ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd -->
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Android.bp b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8054dc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+xsd_config {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["AllSchemas.xsd"],
+    package_name: "audio.policy.configurable.V1_0",
+}
+
+// Unfortunately, all rules only have a single output, thus
+// it is needed to create a rule per XSD file.
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentLibrary_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["ComponentLibrary.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentLibrary_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentLibrary_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentTypeSet_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["ComponentTypeSet.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentTypeSet_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentTypeSet_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomain_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["ConfigurableDomain.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomain_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomain_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomains_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["ConfigurableDomains.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomains_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomains_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_FileIncluder_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["FileIncluder.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_FileIncluder_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_FileIncluder_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Parameter_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["Parameter.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Parameter_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Parameter_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterFrameworkConfiguration_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterFrameworkConfiguration_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterFrameworkConfiguration_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterSettings_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["ParameterSettings.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterSettings_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterSettings_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Subsystem_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["Subsystem.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Subsystem_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Subsystem_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_SystemClass_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["SystemClass.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_SystemClass_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_SystemClass_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_W3cXmlAttributes_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["W3cXmlAttributes.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_W3cXmlAttributes_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_W3cXmlAttributes_V1_0.xsd",
+}
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ComponentLibrary.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ComponentLibrary.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fbd70af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ComponentLibrary.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" schemaLocation="W3cXmlAttributes.xsd"/>
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="ComponentTypeSet.xsd"/>
+    <xs:element name="ComponentLibrary" type="ComponentTypeSetType">
+        <xs:key name="ComponentTypeUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath=".//ComponentType"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:key>
+        <xs:keyref name="ComponentTypeNotFound" refer="ComponentTypeUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath=".//ComponentType/Component"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Type"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+    </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ComponentTypeSet.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ComponentTypeSet.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3938b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ComponentTypeSet.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" schemaLocation="W3cXmlAttributes.xsd"/>
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="Parameter.xsd"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:sequence maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Extends" use="optional" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="ComponentTypeSetGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="ComponentLibrary" type="ComponentTypeSetType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ComponentTypeSet" type="ComponentTypeSetType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ComponentType" type="ComponentType">
+                <xs:unique name="ComponentTypeSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentTypeSetType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ComponentTypeSetGroup" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute ref="xml:base"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="ComponentTypeSet" type="ComponentTypeSetType">
+        <xs:unique name="ComponentTypeUniquenessInComponentTypeSet">
+            <xs:selector xpath=".//ComponentType"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ConfigurableDomain.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ConfigurableDomain.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..583acdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ConfigurableDomain.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified">
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="ParameterSettings.xsd"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="SelectionCriterionRuleType">
+        <xs:attribute name="SelectionCriterion" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="MatchesWhen" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType name="MatchesWhenEnum">
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Is"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="IsNot"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Includes"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Excludes"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+        <xs:attribute name="Value" use="required" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="RuleGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="CompoundRule" type="CompoundRuleType"/>
+            <xs:element name="SelectionCriterionRule" type="SelectionCriterionRuleType"/>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="CompoundRuleType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="RuleGroup" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Type">
+            <xs:simpleType name="TypeEnum">
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Any"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="All"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurationsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="Configuration">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:element name="CompoundRule" type="CompoundRuleType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+                </xs:complexType>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="ComponentGroup">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:choice>
+                <xs:group ref="ComponentGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="Subsystem" type="ComponentType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:choice>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurableElementsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0" name="ConfigurableElement">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:attribute name="Path" use="required">
+                        <xs:simpleType>
+                            <xs:restriction base="xs:anyURI">
+                                <xs:pattern value="/.*[^/]"/>
+                            </xs:restriction>
+                        </xs:simpleType>
+                    </xs:attribute>
+                </xs:complexType>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurableElementSettingsType">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="BitParameter" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+            <xs:group ref="ComponentGroup"/>
+        </xs:choice>
+        <xs:attribute name="Path" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:anyURI">
+                    <xs:pattern value="/.*[^/]"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="SettingsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0" name="Configuration">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:element name="ConfigurableElement" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" type="ConfigurableElementSettingsType"/>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+                </xs:complexType>
+                <xs:unique name="ConfigurableElementUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableElement"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Path"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurableDomainType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="Configurations" type="ConfigurationsType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ConfigurableElements" type="ConfigurableElementsType"/>
+            <xs:element name="Settings" type="SettingsType" minOccurs="0"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="SequenceAware" use="optional" type="xs:boolean" default="false"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="ConfigurableDomain" type="ConfigurableDomainType"/>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ConfigurableDomains.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ConfigurableDomains.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4fbe07a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ConfigurableDomains.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified">
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="ConfigurableDomain.xsd"/>
+    <xs:element name="ConfigurableDomains">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="ConfigurableDomain" type="ConfigurableDomainType">
+                    <xs:key name="ConfigurableElementKey">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableElements/ConfigurableElement"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Path"/>
+                    </xs:key>
+                    <xs:keyref refer="ConfigurableElementKey" name="ConfigurableDomainReference">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="Settings/Configuration/ConfigurableElement"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Path"/>
+                    </xs:keyref>
+                    <xs:key name="ConfigurationKey">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="Configurations/Configuration"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                    </xs:key>
+                    <xs:keyref refer="ConfigurationKey" name="ConfigurationReference2">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableElements/ConfigurableElement/Configuration"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                    </xs:keyref>
+                    <xs:keyref refer="ConfigurationKey" name="ConfigurationReference">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="Settings/Configuration"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                    </xs:keyref>
+                </xs:element>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="SystemClassName" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+        <xs:unique name="ConfigurableDomainUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableDomain"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/FileIncluder.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/FileIncluder.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..049c903
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/FileIncluder.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- edited with XMLSPY v2004 rel. 3 U (http://www.xmlspy.com) by Samuel Gravez (Siemens VDO S.A.S.) -->
+<xs:schema  xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
+    <xs:complexType name="FileIncluderType">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation>Element type used to import a root element from a file.</xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:attribute name="Path" type="xs:anyURI" use="required">
+            <xs:annotation>
+                <xs:documentation>Path to the file to import.
+This path may be absolute or relative to the path of the includer file.</xs:documentation>
+            </xs:annotation>
+        </xs:attribute>
+    </xs:complexType>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Parameter.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Parameter.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b385e6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Parameter.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="Nameable">
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Description" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="TypedNameable">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Type" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentInstance">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="TypedNameable"/>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="ArrayLengthAttribute"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:simpleType name="SizeType">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:positiveInteger">
+            <xs:pattern value="8|16|32"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:simpleType name="SizeType64">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:positiveInteger">
+            <xs:pattern value="8|16|32|64"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="IntegerParameterAttributes">
+        <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Min" type="xs:integer" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Max" type="xs:integer" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Signed" type="xs:boolean" use="optional" default="false"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="ArrayLengthAttribute">
+        <xs:attribute name="ArrayLength" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="optional" default="0"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:complexType name="Adaptation">
+        <xs:attribute name="Offset" type="xs:integer" default="0"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="LinearAdaptationType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Adaptation">
+                <xs:attribute name="SlopeNumerator" type="xs:double" default="1"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="SlopeDenominator" type="xs:double" default="1"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="LinearAdaptation" type="LinearAdaptationType"/>
+    <xs:element name="LogarithmicAdaptation">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:complexContent>
+                <xs:extension base="LinearAdaptationType">
+                    <xs:attribute name="LogarithmBase" type="xs:double" default="10"/>
+                    <xs:attribute name="FloorValue" type="xs:double" default="-INF"/>
+                </xs:extension>
+            </xs:complexContent>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:complexType name="Parameter" abstract="true">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="ArrayLengthAttribute"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="BooleanParameter">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:complexContent>
+                <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                    <xs:attribute name="Size" fixed="8" type="SizeType"/>
+                </xs:extension>
+            </xs:complexContent>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:complexType name="IntegerParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
+                    <xs:element ref="LinearAdaptation"/>
+                    <xs:element ref="LogarithmicAdaptation"/>
+                </xs:choice>
+                <xs:attributeGroup ref="IntegerParameterAttributes"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Unit" type="xs:token" use="optional"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="IntegerParameter" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="EnumParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                <xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:element name="ValuePair" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                        <xs:complexType>
+                            <xs:attribute name="Literal" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+                            <xs:attribute name="Numerical" use="required">
+                                <xs:simpleType>
+                                    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+                                        <xs:pattern value="0|[+-]?[1-9][0-9]*"/>
+                                        <xs:pattern value="0x[0-9a-fA-F]+"/>
+                                    </xs:restriction>
+                                </xs:simpleType>
+                            </xs:attribute>
+                        </xs:complexType>
+                    </xs:element>
+                </xs:sequence>
+                <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType" use="required"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="EnumParameter" type="EnumParameterType">
+        <xs:unique name="LiteralUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ValuePair"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Literal"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+        <xs:unique name="NumericalUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ValuePair"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Numerical"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:simpleType name="PointBound">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:pattern value="(0|[+-]?0\.[0-9]+|(([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?))([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PointParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                <xs:attribute name="Unit" type="xs:token" use="optional"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="FixedPointParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="PointParameterType">
+                <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType" use="required"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Integral" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="required"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Fractional" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="required"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="FixedPointParameter" type="FixedPointParameterType"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="FloatingPointParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="PointParameterType">
+                <xs:attribute name="Size" fixed="32" type="SizeType"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Min" type="PointBound" use="optional"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Max" type="PointBound" use="optional"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="FloatingPointParameter" type="FloatingPointParameterType"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="BitParameterType">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Size" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:positiveInteger">
+                    <xs:maxInclusive value="64"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+        <xs:attribute name="Pos" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:nonNegativeInteger">
+                    <xs:maxInclusive value="63"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+        <xs:attribute name="Max" type="xs:integer" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="BitParameterBlock">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="BitParameter" type="BitParameterType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType64" use="required"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+        <xs:unique name="BitParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:element name="StringParameter">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="MaxLength" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:group name="ParameterBlockGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element ref="BooleanParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="IntegerParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="EnumParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="FixedPointParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="FloatingPointParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="BitParameterBlock"/>
+            <xs:element ref="StringParameter"/>
+            <xs:element name="Component" type="ComponentInstance"/>
+            <xs:element name="ParameterBlock" type="ParameterBlockType">
+                <xs:unique name="ParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ParameterBlockType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="ArrayLengthAttribute"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d796ab3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--W3C Schema generated by XMLSpy v2011 sp1 (http://www.altova.com)-->
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurationFilePath">
+        <xs:attribute name="Path" type="xs:anyURI" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PluginFile">
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType> 
+    <xs:complexType name="PluginLocation">
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="Plugin" type="PluginFile" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="Folder" type="xs:anyURI" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="SubsystemPlugins">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="Location" type="PluginLocation" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:complexType name="SettingsConfigurationType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="ConfigurableDomainsFileLocation" type="ConfigurationFilePath"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="ParameterFrameworkConfiguration">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element ref="SubsystemPlugins" />
+                <xs:element name="StructureDescriptionFileLocation" type="ConfigurationFilePath"/>
+                <xs:element name="SettingsConfiguration" type="SettingsConfigurationType" minOccurs="0"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="SystemClassName" use="required" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="ServerPort" use="required" type="xs:string"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="TuningAllowed" use="required" type="xs:boolean"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ParameterSettings.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ParameterSettings.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8951b38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ParameterSettings.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
+    <xs:complexType name="ParameterType" abstract="true">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:extension base="xs:string">
+                <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="optional">
+                    <xs:simpleType name="ValueSpaceEnum">
+                        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+                            <xs:enumeration value="Raw"/>
+                            <xs:enumeration value="Real"/>
+                        </xs:restriction>
+                    </xs:simpleType>
+                </xs:attribute>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="BooleanParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:pattern value="([01][\s]*)+"/>
+                <xs:pattern value="((0x0|0x1)[\s]*)+"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="prohibited"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="IntegerParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:pattern value="(0|([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*))(\s+(0|([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)))*"/>
+                <xs:pattern value="(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(\s+(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+))*"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="prohibited"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="EnumParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="prohibited"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PointParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:pattern value="((0|[+-]?0\.[0-9]+|(([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?))([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?)(\s+(0|[+-]?0\.[0-9]+|(([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?))([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?)*"/>
+                <xs:pattern value="(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(\s+(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+))*"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="BitParameterBlockType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="BitParameter" maxOccurs="unbounded" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="StringParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:extension base="xs:string">
+                <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="ParameterBlockGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="BooleanParameter" type="BooleanParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="IntegerParameter" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="EnumParameter" type="EnumParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="FixedPointParameter" type="PointParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="FloatingPointParameter" type="PointParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="BitParameterBlock" type="BitParameterBlockType">
+                <xs:unique name="BitParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+            <xs:element name="StringParameter" type="StringParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="Component" type="ParameterBlockType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ParameterBlock" type="ParameterBlockType">
+                <xs:unique name="ParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ParameterBlockType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/README.md b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..243b5c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# parameter-framework configuration file XML Schemas
+
+These are W3C Schemas for the various configuration files.
+
+`xmllint` may be used to check for correctness, e.g:
+
+    xmllint --xinclude --noout --schema ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd /path/to/your/ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xml
+
+See `tools/xmlValidator` for a custom alternative tool.
+
+Only `ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd`, `SystemClass.xsd`, `Subsystem.xsd` and
+`ConfigurableDomains.xsd` are relevant for use with xmllint: the others are
+included by these 4 XSDs.
+
+**You may refer to samples at
+<https://github.com/01org/parameter-framework-samples>.**
+
+## ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd
+
+Schema for the **top-level configuration**.  It contains:
+
+- A reference to the `SystemClass` (aka StructureDescription) XML file (see
+  below);
+- The list of plugins (libraries) to be used. They may be split according to
+the folder they reside in. The `Folder` attribute can either be:
+
+    - an absolute path,
+    - a relative path (relative to the execution directory),
+    - empty.
+
+    In the first two cases, the runtime loader will be asked to explicitely load
+    the libraries found in the specified folder; in the last case (empty string)
+    the runtime loader will search for the library on its own (e.g. on Linux
+    distribution this is usually `/lib`, `/usr/lib` - see `man ld.so`)
+- Optionally, a reference to the `Settings`.
+
+Attributes of `ParameterFrameworkConfiguration` are:
+
+- The `SystemClass` name (for consistency check)
+- `TuningAllowed` (whether the parameter-framework listens for commands)
+- The `ServerPort` bind Address (PATH or TCP port) on which the parameter-framework listens if
+  `TuningAllowed=true`.
+
+## SystemClass.xsd
+
+Schema for the **SystemClass associated with the top-level configuration**.  It
+points to all the "Subsystem" files (see below).
+
+The `Name` attribute of the SystemClass must match the `SystemClass` attribute
+of the top-level configuration file. This name will be the first component of
+all parameters in it, i.e. if its name is "FooBar", its path is `/FooBar`. We
+will use this name in examples below.
+
+## Subsystem.xsd
+
+Schema for all **Subsystem files** (aka Structure files).  These files describe the
+content and structure of the system to be managed by the parameter-framework
+and also indicate which plugin is to be used.
+
+A Subsystem has the following attribute:
+
+- `Name` (self-explanatory); again it is the base component of all parameters
+  inside it; i.e. if its name is "Spam", its path is `/FooBar/Spam`;
+- `Type`, which indicates which SubsystemBuilder is to be used (each plugin can
+  declare one or more SubsystemBuilders); it may be defined as `Virtual`, in
+  which case, no plugin will be used and the parameters won't be synchronized.
+  This is useful for debugging but may also be used for the parameter-framework
+  to act as a configurable settings database;
+- `Mapping` (optional), defines a Mapping to be inherited by all Components in
+  the Subsystem.
+
+A Subsystem *must* contain:
+
+- A `ComponentLibrary`, which may include (using `<xi:include href="xyz.xml"/>`)
+  other files containing a `<ComponentLibrary>` or a `<ComponentTypeSet>` tag.
+- An `InstanceDefinition` which instantiates the parameters and may use
+  ComponentTypes defined in the ComponentLibrary.
+
+## ConfigurableDomains.xsd
+
+Schema for the ConfigurableDomains (aka Settings files).  These files contain
+the rules for applying values to parameters.
+
+Writing this file by hand is painful but it is not intended to be dealt
+with directly: instead, you may use the command-line interface (see
+`remote-process/README.md`) to set the settings and export the resulting
+Settings with the `getDomainsWithSettingsXML` command.
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Subsystem.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Subsystem.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1bfcbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Subsystem.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--W3C Schema generated by XMLSpy v2007 (http://www.altova.com)-->
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="ComponentLibrary.xsd"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="SubsystemType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element ref="ComponentLibrary"/>
+            <xs:element name="InstanceDefinition">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:sequence maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup"/>
+                        </xs:sequence>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                </xs:complexType>
+                <xs:unique name="InstanceDefinitionSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Type" use="required" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="Subsystem" type="SubsystemType">
+        <xs:keyref name="InstanceDefinitionComponentTypeNotFound" refer="ComponentTypeUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="InstanceDefinition/Component"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Type"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+    </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/SystemClass.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/SystemClass.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d07793e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/SystemClass.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--W3C Schema generated by XMLSpy v2007 (http://www.altova.com)-->
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="FileIncluder.xsd"/>
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="Subsystem.xsd"/>
+    <xs:element name="SystemClass">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                    <xs:element name="SubsystemInclude" type="FileIncluderType"/>
+                    <xs:element ref="Subsystem"/>
+                </xs:choice>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/W3cXmlAttributes.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/W3cXmlAttributes.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f9de1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/W3cXmlAttributes.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+<?xml version='1.0'?>
+<xs:schema targetNamespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xml:lang="en">
+
+ <xs:annotation>
+  <xs:documentation>
+   See http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace.html and
+   http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml for information about this namespace.
+
+    This schema document describes the XML namespace, in a form
+    suitable for import by other schema documents.
+
+    Note that local names in this namespace are intended to be defined
+    only by the World Wide Web Consortium or its subgroups.  The
+    following names are currently defined in this namespace and should
+    not be used with conflicting semantics by any Working Group,
+    specification, or document instance:
+
+    base (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose value
+         provides a URI to be used as the base for interpreting any
+         relative URIs in the scope of the element on which it
+         appears; its value is inherited.  This name is reserved
+         by virtue of its definition in the XML Base specification.
+
+    id   (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose value
+         should be interpreted as if declared to be of type ID.
+         The xml:id specification is not yet a W3C Recommendation,
+         but this attribute is included here to facilitate experimentation
+         with the mechanisms it proposes.  Note that it is _not_ included
+         in the specialAttrs attribute group.
+
+    lang (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose value
+         is a language code for the natural language of the content of
+         any element; its value is inherited.  This name is reserved
+         by virtue of its definition in the XML specification.
+
+    space (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose
+         value is a keyword indicating what whitespace processing
+         discipline is intended for the content of the element; its
+         value is inherited.  This name is reserved by virtue of its
+         definition in the XML specification.
+
+    Father (in any context at all): denotes Jon Bosak, the chair of
+         the original XML Working Group.  This name is reserved by
+         the following decision of the W3C XML Plenary and
+         XML Coordination groups:
+
+             In appreciation for his vision, leadership and dedication
+             the W3C XML Plenary on this 10th day of February, 2000
+             reserves for Jon Bosak in perpetuity the XML name
+             xml:Father
+  </xs:documentation>
+ </xs:annotation>
+
+ <xs:annotation>
+  <xs:documentation>This schema defines attributes and an attribute group
+        suitable for use by
+        schemas wishing to allow xml:base, xml:lang, xml:space or xml:id
+        attributes on elements they define.
+
+        To enable this, such a schema must import this schema
+        for the XML namespace, e.g. as follows:
+        &lt;schema . . .>
+         . . .
+         &lt;import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
+                    schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/xml.xsd"/>
+
+        Subsequently, qualified reference to any of the attributes
+        or the group defined below will have the desired effect, e.g.
+
+        &lt;type . . .>
+         . . .
+         &lt;attributeGroup ref="xml:specialAttrs"/>
+
+         will define a type which will schema-validate an instance
+         element with any of those attributes</xs:documentation>
+ </xs:annotation>
+
+ <xs:annotation>
+  <xs:documentation>In keeping with the XML Schema WG's standard versioning
+   policy, this schema document will persist at
+   http://www.w3.org/2005/08/xml.xsd.
+   At the date of issue it can also be found at
+   http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd.
+   The schema document at that URI may however change in the future,
+   in order to remain compatible with the latest version of XML Schema
+   itself, or with the XML namespace itself.  In other words, if the XML
+   Schema or XML namespaces change, the version of this document at
+   http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd will change
+   accordingly; the version at
+   http://www.w3.org/2005/08/xml.xsd will not change.
+  </xs:documentation>
+ </xs:annotation>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="lang">
+  <xs:annotation>
+   <xs:documentation>Attempting to install the relevant ISO 2- and 3-letter
+         codes as the enumerated possible values is probably never
+         going to be a realistic possibility.  See
+         RFC 3066 at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt and the IANA registry
+         at http://www.iana.org/assignments/lang-tag-apps.htm for
+         further information.
+
+         The union allows for the 'un-declaration' of xml:lang with
+         the empty string.</xs:documentation>
+  </xs:annotation>
+  <xs:simpleType name="langEnum">
+   <xs:union memberTypes="xs:language">
+    <xs:simpleType>
+     <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:enumeration value=""/>
+     </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+   </xs:union>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="space">
+  <xs:simpleType name="spaceEnum">
+   <xs:restriction base="xs:NCName">
+    <xs:enumeration value="default"/>
+    <xs:enumeration value="preserve"/>
+   </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="base" type="xs:anyURI">
+  <xs:annotation>
+   <xs:documentation>See http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlbase/ for
+                     information about this attribute.</xs:documentation>
+  </xs:annotation>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:ID">
+  <xs:annotation>
+   <xs:documentation>See http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-id/ for
+                     information about this attribute.</xs:documentation>
+  </xs:annotation>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attributeGroup name="specialAttrs">
+  <xs:attribute ref="xml:base"/>
+  <xs:attribute ref="xml:lang"/>
+  <xs:attribute ref="xml:space"/>
+ </xs:attributeGroup>
+
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/current.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/current.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c2fb6fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/current.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+// Signature format: 2.0
+package audio.policy.configurable.V1_0 {
+
+  public class Adaptation {
+    ctor public Adaptation();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getOffset();
+    method public void setOffset(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public class BitParameterBlock {
+    ctor public BitParameterBlock();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterType> getBitParameter();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public class BitParameterBlockType {
+    ctor public BitParameterBlockType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType> getBitParameter();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class BitParameterType {
+    ctor public BitParameterType();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getMax();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getPos();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setMax(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setPos(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public class BooleanParameter extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.Parameter {
+    ctor public BooleanParameter();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public class BooleanParameterType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterType {
+    ctor public BooleanParameterType();
+  }
+
+  public class ComponentInstance {
+    ctor public ComponentInstance();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getArrayLength();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public String getType();
+    method public void setArrayLength(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setType(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ComponentType {
+    ctor public ComponentType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock getBitParameterBlock();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter getBooleanParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentInstance getComponent_optional();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType getEnumParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType getFixedPointParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType getFloatingPointParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType getIntegerParameter();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterBlockType getParameterBlock_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter getStringParameter();
+    method public String get_extends();
+    method public void setBitParameterBlock(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock);
+    method public void setBooleanParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter);
+    method public void setComponent_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentInstance);
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setEnumParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType);
+    method public void setFixedPointParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType);
+    method public void setFloatingPointParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType);
+    method public void setIntegerParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setParameterBlock_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterBlockType);
+    method public void setStringParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter);
+    method public void set_extends(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ComponentTypeSetType {
+    ctor public ComponentTypeSetType();
+    method public String getBase();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType getComponentLibrary_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType getComponentTypeSet_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentType getComponentType_optional();
+    method public void setBase(String);
+    method public void setComponentLibrary_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType);
+    method public void setComponentTypeSet_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType);
+    method public void setComponentType_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentType);
+  }
+
+  public class CompoundRuleType {
+    ctor public CompoundRuleType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.CompoundRuleType getCompoundRule_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SelectionCriterionRuleType getSelectionCriterionRule_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.TypeEnum getType();
+    method public void setCompoundRule_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.CompoundRuleType);
+    method public void setSelectionCriterionRule_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SelectionCriterionRuleType);
+    method public void setType(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.TypeEnum);
+  }
+
+  public class ConfigurableDomainType {
+    ctor public ConfigurableDomainType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableElementsType getConfigurableElements();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationsType getConfigurations();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public boolean getSequenceAware();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SettingsType getSettings();
+    method public void setConfigurableElements(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableElementsType);
+    method public void setConfigurations(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationsType);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setSequenceAware(boolean);
+    method public void setSettings(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SettingsType);
+  }
+
+  public class ConfigurableDomains {
+    ctor public ConfigurableDomains();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableDomainType> getConfigurableDomain();
+    method public String getSystemClassName();
+    method public void setSystemClassName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ConfigurableElementSettingsType {
+    ctor public ConfigurableElementSettingsType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType getBitParameter_optional();
+    method public String getPath();
+    method public void setBitParameter_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType);
+    method public void setPath(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ConfigurableElementsType {
+    ctor public ConfigurableElementsType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableElementsType.ConfigurableElement> getConfigurableElement();
+  }
+
+  public static class ConfigurableElementsType.ConfigurableElement {
+    ctor public ConfigurableElementsType.ConfigurableElement();
+    method public String getPath();
+    method public void setPath(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ConfigurationFilePath {
+    ctor public ConfigurationFilePath();
+    method public String getPath();
+    method public void setPath(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ConfigurationsType {
+    ctor public ConfigurationsType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationsType.Configuration> getConfiguration();
+  }
+
+  public static class ConfigurationsType.Configuration {
+    ctor public ConfigurationsType.Configuration();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.CompoundRuleType getCompoundRule();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setCompoundRule(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.CompoundRuleType);
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class EnumParameterType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.Parameter {
+    ctor public EnumParameterType();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType.ValuePair> getValuePair();
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public static class EnumParameterType.ValuePair {
+    ctor public EnumParameterType.ValuePair();
+    method public String getLiteral();
+    method public String getNumerical();
+    method public void setLiteral(String);
+    method public void setNumerical(String);
+  }
+
+  public class FileIncluderType {
+    ctor public FileIncluderType();
+    method public String getPath();
+    method public void setPath(String);
+  }
+
+  public class FixedPointParameterType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.PointParameterType {
+    ctor public FixedPointParameterType();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getFractional();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getIntegral();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public void setFractional(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setIntegral(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public class FloatingPointParameterType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.PointParameterType {
+    ctor public FloatingPointParameterType();
+    method public String getMax();
+    method public String getMin();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public void setMax(String);
+    method public void setMin(String);
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public class IntegerParameterType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.Parameter {
+    ctor public IntegerParameterType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LinearAdaptationType getLinearAdaptation();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LogarithmicAdaptation getLogarithmicAdaptation();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getMax();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getMin();
+    method public boolean getSigned();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public String getUnit();
+    method public void setLinearAdaptation(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LinearAdaptationType);
+    method public void setLogarithmicAdaptation(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LogarithmicAdaptation);
+    method public void setMax(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setMin(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setSigned(boolean);
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setUnit(String);
+  }
+
+  public enum LangEnum {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LangEnum EMPTY;
+  }
+
+  public class LinearAdaptationType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.Adaptation {
+    ctor public LinearAdaptationType();
+    method public double getSlopeDenominator();
+    method public double getSlopeNumerator();
+    method public void setSlopeDenominator(double);
+    method public void setSlopeNumerator(double);
+  }
+
+  public class LogarithmicAdaptation extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LinearAdaptationType {
+    ctor public LogarithmicAdaptation();
+    method public double getFloorValue();
+    method public double getLogarithmBase();
+    method public void setFloorValue(double);
+    method public void setLogarithmBase(double);
+  }
+
+  public enum MatchesWhenEnum {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.MatchesWhenEnum Excludes;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.MatchesWhenEnum Includes;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.MatchesWhenEnum Is;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.MatchesWhenEnum IsNot;
+  }
+
+  public class Parameter {
+    ctor public Parameter();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getArrayLength();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setArrayLength(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ParameterBlockType {
+    ctor public ParameterBlockType();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getArrayLength();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock getBitParameterBlock();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter getBooleanParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentInstance getComponent_optional();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType getEnumParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType getFixedPointParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType getFloatingPointParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType getIntegerParameter();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterBlockType getParameterBlock_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter getStringParameter();
+    method public void setArrayLength(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setBitParameterBlock(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock);
+    method public void setBooleanParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter);
+    method public void setComponent_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentInstance);
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setEnumParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType);
+    method public void setFixedPointParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType);
+    method public void setFloatingPointParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType);
+    method public void setIntegerParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setParameterBlock_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterBlockType);
+    method public void setStringParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter);
+  }
+
+  public class ParameterFrameworkConfiguration {
+    ctor public ParameterFrameworkConfiguration();
+    method public String getServerPort();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SettingsConfigurationType getSettingsConfiguration();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationFilePath getStructureDescriptionFileLocation();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemPlugins getSubsystemPlugins();
+    method public String getSystemClassName();
+    method public boolean getTuningAllowed();
+    method public void setServerPort(String);
+    method public void setSettingsConfiguration(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SettingsConfigurationType);
+    method public void setStructureDescriptionFileLocation(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationFilePath);
+    method public void setSubsystemPlugins(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemPlugins);
+    method public void setSystemClassName(String);
+    method public void setTuningAllowed(boolean);
+  }
+
+  public class ParameterType {
+    ctor public ParameterType();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public String getValue();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ValueSpaceEnum getValueSpace();
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setValue(String);
+    method public void setValueSpace(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ValueSpaceEnum);
+  }
+
+  public class PluginFile {
+    ctor public PluginFile();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class PluginLocation {
+    ctor public PluginLocation();
+    method public String getFolder();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.PluginFile> getPlugin();
+    method public void setFolder(String);
+  }
+
+  public class PointParameterType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.Parameter {
+    ctor public PointParameterType();
+    method public String getUnit();
+    method public void setUnit(String);
+  }
+
+  public class SelectionCriterionRuleType {
+    ctor public SelectionCriterionRuleType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.MatchesWhenEnum getMatchesWhen();
+    method public String getSelectionCriterion();
+    method public String getValue();
+    method public void setMatchesWhen(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.MatchesWhenEnum);
+    method public void setSelectionCriterion(String);
+    method public void setValue(String);
+  }
+
+  public class SettingsConfigurationType {
+    ctor public SettingsConfigurationType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationFilePath getConfigurableDomainsFileLocation();
+    method public void setConfigurableDomainsFileLocation(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationFilePath);
+  }
+
+  public class SettingsType {
+    ctor public SettingsType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SettingsType.Configuration> getConfiguration();
+  }
+
+  public static class SettingsType.Configuration {
+    ctor public SettingsType.Configuration();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableElementSettingsType> getConfigurableElement();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public enum SpaceEnum {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SpaceEnum _default;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SpaceEnum preserve;
+  }
+
+  public class StringParameter {
+    ctor public StringParameter();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getMaxLength();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setMaxLength(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class StringParameterType {
+    ctor public StringParameterType();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public String getValue();
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setValue(String);
+  }
+
+  public class SubsystemPlugins {
+    ctor public SubsystemPlugins();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.PluginLocation> getLocation();
+  }
+
+  public class SubsystemType {
+    ctor public SubsystemType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType getComponentLibrary();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemType.InstanceDefinition getInstanceDefinition();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public String getType();
+    method public void setComponentLibrary(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType);
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setInstanceDefinition(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemType.InstanceDefinition);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setType(String);
+  }
+
+  public static class SubsystemType.InstanceDefinition {
+    ctor public SubsystemType.InstanceDefinition();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock getBitParameterBlock();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter getBooleanParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentInstance getComponent_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType getEnumParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType getFixedPointParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType getFloatingPointParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType getIntegerParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterBlockType getParameterBlock_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter getStringParameter();
+    method public void setBitParameterBlock(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock);
+    method public void setBooleanParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter);
+    method public void setComponent_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentInstance);
+    method public void setEnumParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType);
+    method public void setFixedPointParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType);
+    method public void setFloatingPointParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType);
+    method public void setIntegerParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType);
+    method public void setParameterBlock_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterBlockType);
+    method public void setStringParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter);
+  }
+
+  public class SystemClass {
+    ctor public SystemClass();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemType> getSubsystem();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FileIncluderType> getSubsystemInclude_optional();
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public enum TypeEnum {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.TypeEnum All;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.TypeEnum Any;
+  }
+
+  public enum ValueSpaceEnum {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ValueSpaceEnum Raw;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ValueSpaceEnum Real;
+  }
+
+  public class XmlParser {
+    ctor public XmlParser();
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock readBitParameterBlock(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter readBooleanParameter(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType readComponentTypeSetType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType readComponentTypeSetType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableDomainType readConfigurableDomainType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableDomains readConfigurableDomains(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType readEnumParameterType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType readFixedPointParameterType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType readFloatingPointParameterType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType readIntegerParameterType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LinearAdaptationType readLinearAdaptationType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LogarithmicAdaptation readLogarithmicAdaptation(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterFrameworkConfiguration readParameterFrameworkConfiguration(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter readStringParameter(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemPlugins readSubsystemPlugins(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemType readSubsystemType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SystemClass readSystemClass(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static String readText(org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser) throws java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static void skip(org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser) throws java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+  }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/last_current.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/last_current.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/last_current.txt
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/last_removed.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/last_removed.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/last_removed.txt
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/removed.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/removed.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d802177
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/removed.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// Signature format: 2.0
diff --git a/automotive/evs/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/automotive/evs/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 2ef33fd..47702fd 100644
--- a/automotive/evs/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/automotive/evs/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -25,8 +25,10 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libui",
     ],
-    static_libs: ["android.hardware.automotive.evs@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.automotive.evs@1.0",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["vts-core"],
     cflags: [
         "-O0",
         "-g",
diff --git a/automotive/evs/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalEvsV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/automotive/evs/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalEvsV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index f7580f0..54862a2 100644
--- a/automotive/evs/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalEvsV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/automotive/evs/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalEvsV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -17,15 +17,6 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "VtsHalEvsTest"
 
 
-// Note:  We have't got a great way to indicate which target
-// should be tested, so we'll leave the interface served by the
-// default (mock) EVS driver here for easy reference.  All
-// actual EVS drivers should serve on the EvsEnumeratorHw name,
-// however, so the code is checked in that way.
-//const static char kEnumeratorName[]  = "EvsEnumeratorHw-Mock";
-const static char kEnumeratorName[]  = "EvsEnumeratorHw";
-
-
 // These values are called out in the EVS design doc (as of Mar 8, 2017)
 static const int kMaxStreamStartMilliseconds = 500;
 static const int kMinimumFramesPerSecond = 10;
@@ -53,8 +44,9 @@
 #include <android/hardware/automotive/evs/1.0/IEvsCameraStream.h>
 #include <android/hardware/automotive/evs/1.0/IEvsDisplay.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 using namespace ::android::hardware::automotive::evs::V1_0;
 using ::android::hardware::Return;
@@ -64,32 +56,19 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-// Test environment for Evs HIDL HAL.
-class EvsHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static EvsHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static EvsHidlEnvironment* instance = new EvsHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IEvsEnumerator>(); }
-
-   private:
-    EvsHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for EVS
-class EvsHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class EvsHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
 public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
         // Make sure we can connect to the enumerator
-        string service_name =
-            EvsHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IEvsEnumerator>(kEnumeratorName);
-        pEnumerator = getService<IEvsEnumerator>(service_name);
+        std::string service_name = GetParam();
+        pEnumerator = IEvsEnumerator::getService(service_name);
+
         ASSERT_NE(pEnumerator.get(), nullptr);
 
-        mIsHwModule = !service_name.compare(kEnumeratorName);
+        // "default" is reserved for EVS manager.
+        constexpr static char kEvsManagerName[] = "default";
+        mIsHwModule = service_name.compare(kEvsManagerName);
     }
 
     virtual void TearDown() override {}
@@ -130,7 +109,7 @@
  * Opens each camera reported by the enumerator and then explicitly closes it via a
  * call to closeCamera.  Then repeats the test to ensure all cameras can be reopened.
  */
-TEST_F(EvsHidlTest, CameraOpenClean) {
+TEST_P(EvsHidlTest, CameraOpenClean) {
     ALOGI("Starting CameraOpenClean test");
 
     // Get the camera list
@@ -162,7 +141,7 @@
  * call.  This ensures that the intended "aggressive open" behavior works.  This is necessary for
  * the system to be tolerant of shutdown/restart race conditions.
  */
-TEST_F(EvsHidlTest, CameraOpenAggressive) {
+TEST_P(EvsHidlTest, CameraOpenAggressive) {
     ALOGI("Starting CameraOpenAggressive test");
 
     // Get the camera list
@@ -216,7 +195,7 @@
  * DisplayOpen:
  * Test both clean shut down and "aggressive open" device stealing behavior.
  */
-TEST_F(EvsHidlTest, DisplayOpen) {
+TEST_P(EvsHidlTest, DisplayOpen) {
     ALOGI("Starting DisplayOpen test");
 
     // Request exclusive access to the EVS display, then let it go
@@ -264,7 +243,7 @@
  * Validate that display states transition as expected and can be queried from either the display
  * object itself or the owning enumerator.
  */
-TEST_F(EvsHidlTest, DisplayStates) {
+TEST_P(EvsHidlTest, DisplayStates) {
     ALOGI("Starting DisplayStates test");
 
     // Ensure the display starts in the expected state
@@ -324,7 +303,7 @@
  * CameraStreamPerformance:
  * Measure and qualify the stream start up time and streaming frame rate of each reported camera
  */
-TEST_F(EvsHidlTest, CameraStreamPerformance) {
+TEST_P(EvsHidlTest, CameraStreamPerformance) {
     ALOGI("Starting CameraStreamPerformance test");
 
     // Get the camera list
@@ -387,7 +366,7 @@
  * Ensure the camera implementation behaves properly when the client holds onto buffers for more
  * than one frame time.  The camera must cleanly skip frames until the client is ready again.
  */
-TEST_F(EvsHidlTest, CameraStreamBuffering) {
+TEST_P(EvsHidlTest, CameraStreamBuffering) {
     ALOGI("Starting CameraStreamBuffering test");
 
     // Arbitrary constant (should be > 1 and less than crazy)
@@ -456,7 +435,7 @@
  * imagery is simply copied to the display buffer and presented on screen.  This is the one test
  * which a human could observe to see the operation of the system on the physical display.
  */
-TEST_F(EvsHidlTest, CameraToDisplayRoundTrip) {
+TEST_P(EvsHidlTest, CameraToDisplayRoundTrip) {
     ALOGI("Starting CameraToDisplayRoundTrip test");
 
     // Get the camera list
@@ -517,7 +496,7 @@
  * Verify that each client can start and stop video streams on the same
  * underlying camera.
  */
-TEST_F(EvsHidlTest, MultiCameraStream) {
+TEST_P(EvsHidlTest, MultiCameraStream) {
     ALOGI("Starting MultiCameraStream test");
 
     if (mIsHwModule) {
@@ -601,11 +580,8 @@
 }
 
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(EvsHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    EvsHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+    PerInstance,
+    EvsHidlTest,
+    testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IEvsEnumerator::descriptor)),
+    android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/include/vhal_v2_0/VmsUtils.h b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/include/vhal_v2_0/VmsUtils.h
index d689e62..f8b10ca 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/include/vhal_v2_0/VmsUtils.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/include/vhal_v2_0/VmsUtils.h
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 
 struct VmsLayerAndPublisher {
     VmsLayerAndPublisher(VmsLayer layer, int publisher_id)
-        : layer(layer), publisher_id(publisher_id) {}
+        : layer(std::move(layer)), publisher_id(publisher_id) {}
     VmsLayer layer;
     int publisher_id;
 };
@@ -69,6 +69,8 @@
 // A VmsAssociatedLayer is used by subscribers to specify which publisher IDs
 // are acceptable for a given layer.
 struct VmsAssociatedLayer {
+    VmsAssociatedLayer(VmsLayer layer, std::vector<int> publisher_ids)
+        : layer(std::move(layer)), publisher_ids(std::move(publisher_ids)) {}
     VmsLayer layer;
     std::vector<int> publisher_ids;
 };
@@ -77,7 +79,7 @@
 // its dependencies. Dependencies can be empty.
 struct VmsLayerOffering {
     VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer layer, std::vector<VmsLayer> dependencies)
-        : layer(layer), dependencies(dependencies) {}
+        : layer(std::move(layer)), dependencies(std::move(dependencies)) {}
     VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer layer) : layer(layer), dependencies() {}
     VmsLayer layer;
     std::vector<VmsLayer> dependencies;
@@ -87,7 +89,7 @@
 // with the specified publisher ID.
 struct VmsOffers {
     VmsOffers(int publisher_id, std::vector<VmsLayerOffering> offerings)
-        : publisher_id(publisher_id), offerings(offerings) {}
+        : publisher_id(publisher_id), offerings(std::move(offerings)) {}
     int publisher_id;
     std::vector<VmsLayerOffering> offerings;
 };
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@
 std::unique_ptr<VehiclePropValue> createAvailabilityRequest();
 
 // Creates a VehiclePropValue containing a message of type
-// VmsMessageType.AVAILABILITY_REQUEST.
+// VmsMessageType.SUBSCRIPTIONS_REQUEST.
 std::unique_ptr<VehiclePropValue> createSubscriptionsRequest();
 
 // Creates a VehiclePropValue containing a message of type VmsMessageType.DATA.
@@ -202,21 +204,21 @@
 
 // Returns true if the new sequence number is greater than the last seen
 // sequence number.
-bool isSequenceNumberNewer(const VehiclePropValue& subscription_change,
+bool isSequenceNumberNewer(const VehiclePropValue& subscriptions_state,
                            const int last_seen_sequence_number);
 
 // Returns sequence number of the message.
-int32_t getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(const VehiclePropValue& subscription_change);
+int32_t getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(const VehiclePropValue& subscriptions_state);
 
-// Takes a subscription change message and returns the layers that have active
+// Takes a subscriptions state message and returns the layers that have active
 // subscriptions of the layers that are offered by your HAL client/publisher.
 //
-// A publisher can use this function when receiving a subscription change message
-// to determine which layers to publish data on.
+// A publisher can use this function when receiving a subscriptions response or subscriptions
+// change message to determine which layers to publish data on.
 // The caller of this function can optionally decide to not consume these layers
 // if the subscription change has the sequence number less than the last seen
 // sequence number.
-std::vector<VmsLayer> getSubscribedLayers(const VehiclePropValue& subscription_change,
+std::vector<VmsLayer> getSubscribedLayers(const VehiclePropValue& subscriptions_state,
                                           const VmsOffers& offers);
 
 // Takes an availability change message and returns true if the parsed message implies that
@@ -231,6 +233,24 @@
                                           const int current_service_id, const int current_client_id,
                                           int* new_service_id);
 
+// Returns true if the new sequence number of the availability state message is greater than
+// the last seen availability sequence number.
+bool isAvailabilitySequenceNumberNewer(const VehiclePropValue& availability_state,
+                                       const int last_seen_availability_sequence_number);
+
+// Returns sequence number of the availability state message.
+int32_t getSequenceNumberForAvailabilityState(const VehiclePropValue& availability_state);
+
+// Takes a availability state message and returns the associated layers that are
+// available to publish data.
+//
+// A subscriber can use this function when receiving an availability response or availability
+// change message to determine which associated layers are ready to publish data.
+// The caller of this function can optionally decide to not consume these layers
+// if the availability change has the sequence number less than the last seen
+// sequence number.
+std::vector<VmsAssociatedLayer> getAvailableLayers(const VehiclePropValue& availability_state);
+
 }  // namespace vms
 }  // namespace V2_0
 }  // namespace vehicle
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/src/VmsUtils.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/src/VmsUtils.cpp
index d346206..a65cded 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/src/VmsUtils.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/src/VmsUtils.cpp
@@ -194,34 +194,34 @@
     return -1;
 }
 
-bool isSequenceNumberNewer(const VehiclePropValue& subscription_change,
+bool isSequenceNumberNewer(const VehiclePropValue& subscriptions_state,
                            const int last_seen_sequence_number) {
-    return (isValidVmsMessage(subscription_change) &&
-            parseMessageType(subscription_change) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE &&
-            subscription_change.value.int32Values.size() > kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex &&
-            subscription_change.value.int32Values[kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex] >
+    return (isValidVmsMessage(subscriptions_state) &&
+            (parseMessageType(subscriptions_state) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE ||
+             parseMessageType(subscriptions_state) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE) &&
+            subscriptions_state.value.int32Values.size() > kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex &&
+            subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex] >
                     last_seen_sequence_number);
 }
 
-int32_t getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(const VehiclePropValue& subscription_change) {
-    if (isValidVmsMessage(subscription_change) &&
-        parseMessageType(subscription_change) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE &&
-        subscription_change.value.int32Values.size() > kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex) {
-        return subscription_change.value.int32Values[kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex];
+int32_t getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(const VehiclePropValue& subscriptions_state) {
+    if (isValidVmsMessage(subscriptions_state) &&
+        (parseMessageType(subscriptions_state) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE ||
+         parseMessageType(subscriptions_state) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE) &&
+        subscriptions_state.value.int32Values.size() > kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex) {
+        return subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex];
     }
     return -1;
 }
 
-std::vector<VmsLayer> getSubscribedLayers(const VehiclePropValue& subscription_change,
+std::vector<VmsLayer> getSubscribedLayers(const VehiclePropValue& subscriptions_state,
                                           const VmsOffers& offers) {
-    if (isValidVmsMessage(subscription_change) &&
-        parseMessageType(subscription_change) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE &&
-        subscription_change.value.int32Values.size() > kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex) {
-        const int32_t num_of_layers = subscription_change.value.int32Values[toInt(
-                VmsSubscriptionsStateIntegerValuesIndex::NUMBER_OF_LAYERS)];
-        const int32_t num_of_associated_layers = subscription_change.value.int32Values[toInt(
-                VmsSubscriptionsStateIntegerValuesIndex ::NUMBER_OF_ASSOCIATED_LAYERS)];
-
+    if (isValidVmsMessage(subscriptions_state) &&
+        (parseMessageType(subscriptions_state) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE ||
+         parseMessageType(subscriptions_state) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE) &&
+        subscriptions_state.value.int32Values.size() >
+                toInt(VmsSubscriptionsStateIntegerValuesIndex::NUMBER_OF_LAYERS)) {
+        int subscriptions_state_int_size = subscriptions_state.value.int32Values.size();
         std::unordered_set<VmsLayer, VmsLayer::VmsLayerHashFunction> offered_layers;
         for (const auto& offer : offers.offerings) {
             offered_layers.insert(offer.layer);
@@ -229,33 +229,52 @@
         std::vector<VmsLayer> subscribed_layers;
 
         int current_index = toInt(VmsSubscriptionsStateIntegerValuesIndex::SUBSCRIPTIONS_START);
+
         // Add all subscribed layers which are offered by the current publisher.
+        const int32_t num_of_layers = subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[toInt(
+                VmsSubscriptionsStateIntegerValuesIndex::NUMBER_OF_LAYERS)];
         for (int i = 0; i < num_of_layers; i++) {
-            VmsLayer layer = VmsLayer(subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index],
-                                      subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index + 1],
-                                      subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index + 2]);
+            if (subscriptions_state_int_size < current_index + kLayerSize) {
+                return {};
+            }
+            VmsLayer layer = VmsLayer(subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index],
+                                      subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index + 1],
+                                      subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index + 2]);
             if (offered_layers.find(layer) != offered_layers.end()) {
-                subscribed_layers.push_back(layer);
+                subscribed_layers.push_back(std::move(layer));
             }
             current_index += kLayerSize;
         }
+
         // Add all subscribed associated layers which are offered by the current publisher.
         // For this, we need to check if the associated layer has a publisher ID which is
         // same as that of the current publisher.
-        for (int i = 0; i < num_of_associated_layers; i++) {
-            VmsLayer layer = VmsLayer(subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index],
-                                      subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index + 1],
-                                      subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index + 2]);
-            current_index += kLayerSize;
-            if (offered_layers.find(layer) != offered_layers.end()) {
-                int32_t num_of_publisher_ids = subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index];
-                current_index++;
-                for (int j = 0; j < num_of_publisher_ids; j++) {
-                    if (subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index] ==
-                        offers.publisher_id) {
-                        subscribed_layers.push_back(layer);
-                    }
+        if (subscriptions_state_int_size >
+            toInt(VmsSubscriptionsStateIntegerValuesIndex::NUMBER_OF_ASSOCIATED_LAYERS)) {
+            const int32_t num_of_associated_layers = subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[toInt(
+                    VmsSubscriptionsStateIntegerValuesIndex::NUMBER_OF_ASSOCIATED_LAYERS)];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < num_of_associated_layers; i++) {
+                if (subscriptions_state_int_size < current_index + kLayerSize) {
+                    return {};
+                }
+                VmsLayer layer = VmsLayer(subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index],
+                                          subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index + 1],
+                                          subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index + 2]);
+                current_index += kLayerSize;
+                if (offered_layers.find(layer) != offered_layers.end() &&
+                    subscriptions_state_int_size > current_index) {
+                    int32_t num_of_publisher_ids =
+                            subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index];
                     current_index++;
+                    for (int j = 0; j < num_of_publisher_ids; j++) {
+                        if (subscriptions_state_int_size > current_index &&
+                            subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index] ==
+                                    offers.publisher_id) {
+                            subscribed_layers.push_back(std::move(layer));
+                        }
+                        current_index++;
+                    }
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -297,6 +316,64 @@
     return VmsSessionStatus::kInvalidMessage;
 }
 
+bool isAvailabilitySequenceNumberNewer(const VehiclePropValue& availability_state,
+                                       const int last_seen_availability_sequence_number) {
+    return (isValidVmsMessage(availability_state) &&
+            (parseMessageType(availability_state) == VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_CHANGE ||
+             parseMessageType(availability_state) == VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_RESPONSE) &&
+            availability_state.value.int32Values.size() > kAvailabilitySequenceNumberIndex &&
+            availability_state.value.int32Values[kAvailabilitySequenceNumberIndex] >
+                    last_seen_availability_sequence_number);
+}
+
+int32_t getSequenceNumberForAvailabilityState(const VehiclePropValue& availability_state) {
+    if (isValidVmsMessage(availability_state) &&
+        (parseMessageType(availability_state) == VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_CHANGE ||
+         parseMessageType(availability_state) == VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_RESPONSE) &&
+        availability_state.value.int32Values.size() > kAvailabilitySequenceNumberIndex) {
+        return availability_state.value.int32Values[kAvailabilitySequenceNumberIndex];
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+std::vector<VmsAssociatedLayer> getAvailableLayers(const VehiclePropValue& availability_state) {
+    if (isValidVmsMessage(availability_state) &&
+        (parseMessageType(availability_state) == VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_CHANGE ||
+         parseMessageType(availability_state) == VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_RESPONSE) &&
+        availability_state.value.int32Values.size() >
+                toInt(VmsAvailabilityStateIntegerValuesIndex::NUMBER_OF_ASSOCIATED_LAYERS)) {
+        int availability_state_int_size = availability_state.value.int32Values.size();
+        const int32_t num_of_associated_layers = availability_state.value.int32Values[toInt(
+                VmsAvailabilityStateIntegerValuesIndex::NUMBER_OF_ASSOCIATED_LAYERS)];
+        int current_index = toInt(VmsAvailabilityStateIntegerValuesIndex::LAYERS_START);
+        std::vector<VmsAssociatedLayer> available_layers;
+        for (int i = 0; i < num_of_associated_layers; i++) {
+            if (availability_state_int_size < current_index + kLayerSize) {
+                return {};
+            }
+            VmsLayer layer = VmsLayer(availability_state.value.int32Values[current_index],
+                                      availability_state.value.int32Values[current_index + 1],
+                                      availability_state.value.int32Values[current_index + 2]);
+            current_index += kLayerSize;
+            std::vector<int> publisher_ids;
+            if (availability_state_int_size > current_index) {
+                int32_t num_of_publisher_ids = availability_state.value.int32Values[current_index];
+                current_index++;
+                for (int j = 0; j < num_of_publisher_ids; j++) {
+                    if (availability_state_int_size > current_index) {
+                        publisher_ids.push_back(
+                                availability_state.value.int32Values[current_index]);
+                        current_index++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            available_layers.emplace_back(layer, std::move(publisher_ids));
+        }
+        return available_layers;
+    }
+    return {};
+}
+
 }  // namespace vms
 }  // namespace V2_0
 }  // namespace vehicle
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/impl/vhal_v2_0/DefaultConfig.h b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/impl/vhal_v2_0/DefaultConfig.h
index 2c5e5cc..3070171 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/impl/vhal_v2_0/DefaultConfig.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/impl/vhal_v2_0/DefaultConfig.h
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@
                  {
                          .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::PERF_VEHICLE_SPEED),
                          .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
+                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
                          .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
                          .maxSampleRate = 10.0f,
                  },
@@ -570,6 +570,16 @@
 
         {.config =
                  {
+                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::DISTANCE_DISPLAY_UNITS),
+                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
+                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
+                         .configArray = {(int)VehicleUnit::KILOMETER, (int)VehicleUnit::MILE},
+                         .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}}
+                 },
+         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {(int)VehicleUnit::MILE}}},
+
+        {.config =
+                 {
                          .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::NIGHT_MODE),
                          .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
                          .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/tests/VmsUtils_test.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/tests/VmsUtils_test.cpp
index 7189212..a48d19c 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/tests/VmsUtils_test.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/tests/VmsUtils_test.cpp
@@ -214,57 +214,82 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(parsePublisherIdResponse(*message), -1);
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, validSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, validSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsChange) {
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
     message->value.int32Values =
             hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE), 1234};
     EXPECT_EQ(getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(*message), 1234);
 }
 
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, validSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsResponse) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_EQ(getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(*message), 1234);
+}
+
 TEST(VmsUtilsTest, invalidSubscriptionsState) {
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(1);
     EXPECT_EQ(getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(*message), -1);
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForExistingSmallerNumber) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForExistingSmallerNumberForChange) {
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
     message->value.int32Values =
             hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE), 1234};
     EXPECT_TRUE(isSequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1233));
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForExistingGreaterNumber) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForExistingSmallerNumberForResponse) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_TRUE(isSequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1233));
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForExistingGreaterNumberForChange) {
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
     message->value.int32Values =
             hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE), 1234};
     EXPECT_FALSE(isSequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1235));
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForSameNumber) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForExistingGreaterNumberForResponse) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_FALSE(isSequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1235));
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForSameNumberForChange) {
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
     message->value.int32Values =
             hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE), 1234};
     EXPECT_FALSE(isSequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1234));
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayers) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForSameNumberForResponse) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_FALSE(isSequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1234));
+}
+
+void testSubscribedLayers(VmsMessageType type) {
     VmsOffers offers = {123,
                         {VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(1, 0, 1), {VmsLayer(4, 1, 1)}),
                          VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(2, 0, 1))}};
-    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
-    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE),
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(16);
+    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(type),
                                                    1234,  // sequence number
                                                    2,     // number of layers
                                                    1,     // number of associated layers
                                                    1,     // layer 1
-                                                   0,
-                                                   1,
+                                                   0,           1,
                                                    4,  // layer 2
-                                                   1,
-                                                   1,
+                                                   1,           1,
                                                    2,  // associated layer
-                                                   0,
-                                                   1,
+                                                   0,           1,
                                                    2,    // number of publisher IDs
                                                    111,  // publisher IDs
                                                    123};
@@ -275,10 +300,37 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(result.at(1), VmsLayer(2, 0, 1));
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentSubtype) {
-    VmsOffers offers = {123, {VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(1, 0, 1))}};
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersForChange) {
+    testSubscribedLayers(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersForResponse) {
+    testSubscribedLayers(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE);
+}
+
+void testGetSubscribedLayersMalformedData(VmsMessageType type) {
+    VmsOffers offers = {123,
+                        {VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(1, 0, 1), {VmsLayer(4, 1, 1)}),
+                         VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(2, 0, 1))}};
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
-    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE),
+    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(type), 1234};  // sequence number
+    EXPECT_TRUE(isValidVmsMessage(*message));
+    auto result = getSubscribedLayers(*message, offers);
+    EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<int>(result.size()), 0);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersForMalformedChange) {
+    testGetSubscribedLayersMalformedData(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersForMalformedResponse) {
+    testGetSubscribedLayersMalformedData(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE);
+}
+
+void testSubscribedLayersWithDifferentSubtype(VmsMessageType type) {
+    VmsOffers offers = {123, {VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(1, 0, 1))}};
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(7);
+    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(type),
                                                    1234,  // sequence number
                                                    1,     // number of layers
                                                    0,     // number of associated layers
@@ -289,36 +341,58 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(getSubscribedLayers(*message, offers).empty());
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentVersion) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentSubtypeForChange) {
+    testSubscribedLayersWithDifferentSubtype(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentSubtypeForResponse) {
+    testSubscribedLayersWithDifferentSubtype(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE);
+}
+
+void subscribedLayersWithDifferentVersion(VmsMessageType type) {
     VmsOffers offers = {123, {VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(1, 0, 1))}};
-    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
-    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE),
-                                                   1234,  // sequence number
-                                                   1,     // number of layers
-                                                   0,     // number of associated layers
-                                                   1,     // layer 1
-                                                   0,
-                                                   2};  // different version
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(7);
+    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(type),
+                                                   1234,             // sequence number
+                                                   1,                // number of layers
+                                                   0,                // number of associated layers
+                                                   1,                // layer 1
+                                                   0,           2};  // different version
     EXPECT_TRUE(isValidVmsMessage(*message));
     EXPECT_TRUE(getSubscribedLayers(*message, offers).empty());
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentPublisherId) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentVersionForChange) {
+    subscribedLayersWithDifferentVersion(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentVersionForResponse) {
+    subscribedLayersWithDifferentVersion(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE);
+}
+
+void subscribedLayersWithDifferentPublisherId(VmsMessageType type) {
     VmsOffers offers = {123, {VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(1, 0, 1))}};
-    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
-    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE),
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(9);
+    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(type),
                                                    1234,  // sequence number
                                                    0,     // number of layers
                                                    1,     // number of associated layers
                                                    1,     // associated layer 1
-                                                   0,
-                                                   1,
+                                                   0,           1,
                                                    1,     // number of publisher IDs
                                                    234};  // publisher ID 1
     EXPECT_TRUE(isValidVmsMessage(*message));
     EXPECT_TRUE(getSubscribedLayers(*message, offers).empty());
 }
 
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentPublisherIdForChange) {
+    subscribedLayersWithDifferentPublisherId(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentPublisherIdForResponse) {
+    subscribedLayersWithDifferentPublisherId(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE);
+}
+
 TEST(VmsUtilsTest, serviceNewlyStarted) {
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
     message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_CHANGE), 0};
@@ -420,6 +494,113 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(new_service_id, 123);
 }
 
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newAvailabilitySequenceNumberForExistingSmallerNumberForChange) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_CHANGE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_TRUE(isAvailabilitySequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1233));
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newAvailabilitySequenceNumberForExistingSmallerNumberForResponse) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_RESPONSE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_TRUE(isAvailabilitySequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1233));
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newAvailabilitySequenceNumberForExistingGreaterNumberForChange) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_CHANGE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_FALSE(isAvailabilitySequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1235));
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newAvailabilitySequenceNumberForExistingGreaterNumberForResponse) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_RESPONSE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_FALSE(isAvailabilitySequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1235));
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newAvailabilitySequenceNumberForSameNumberForChange) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_CHANGE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_FALSE(isAvailabilitySequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1234));
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newAvailabilitySequenceNumberForSameNumberForResponse) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_RESPONSE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_FALSE(isAvailabilitySequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1234));
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, validSequenceNumberForAvailabilityChange) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_CHANGE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_EQ(getSequenceNumberForAvailabilityState(*message), 1234);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, validSequenceNumberForAvailabilityResponse) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_RESPONSE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_EQ(getSequenceNumberForAvailabilityState(*message), 1234);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, invalidAvailabilityState) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(getSequenceNumberForAvailabilityState(*message), -1);
+}
+
+void testGetAvailableLayers(VmsMessageType type) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(13);
+    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(type),
+                                                   1234,  // sequence number
+                                                   2,     // number of associated layers
+                                                   1,     // associated layer 1
+                                                   0,           1,
+                                                   2,    // number of publisher IDs
+                                                   111,  // publisher IDs
+                                                   123,
+                                                   2,                   // associated layer 2
+                                                   0,           1, 0};  // number of publisher IDs
+    EXPECT_TRUE(isValidVmsMessage(*message));
+    auto result = getAvailableLayers(*message);
+    EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<int>(result.size()), 2);
+    EXPECT_EQ(result.at(0).layer, VmsLayer(1, 0, 1));
+    EXPECT_EQ(result.at(0).publisher_ids.at(0), 111);
+    EXPECT_EQ(result.at(0).publisher_ids.at(1), 123);
+    EXPECT_EQ(result.at(1).layer, VmsLayer(2, 0, 1));
+    EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<int>(result.at(1).publisher_ids.size()), 0);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, availableLayersForChange) {
+    testGetAvailableLayers(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, availableLayersForResponse) {
+    testGetAvailableLayers(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_RESPONSE);
+}
+
+void testGetAvailableLayersMalformedData(VmsMessageType type) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(type), 1234};  // sequence number
+    EXPECT_TRUE(isValidVmsMessage(*message));
+    auto result = getAvailableLayers(*message);
+    EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<int>(result.size()), 0);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, availableLayersForMalformedChange) {
+    testGetAvailableLayersMalformedData(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, availableLayersForMalformedResponse) {
+    testGetAvailableLayersMalformedData(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_RESPONSE);
+}
+
 }  // namespace
 
 }  // namespace vms
diff --git a/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index fa68c4e..f2598a7 100644
--- a/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,6 +19,6 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalBiometricsFaceV1_0TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: ["android.hardware.biometrics.face@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
 
diff --git a/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBiometricsFaceV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBiometricsFaceV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index a4e95ed..7ac44a4 100644
--- a/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBiometricsFaceV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBiometricsFaceV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,9 +20,10 @@
 #include <android/hardware/biometrics/face/1.0/IBiometricsFaceClientCallback.h>
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <chrono>
 #include <cstdint>
@@ -124,27 +125,11 @@
     }
 };
 
-// Test environment for the BiometricsFace HAL.
-class FaceHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-  public:
-    // Get the test environment singleton.
-    static FaceHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static FaceHidlEnvironment* instance = new FaceHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IBiometricsFace>(); }
-
-  private:
-    FaceHidlEnvironment() = default;
-};
-
 // Test class for the BiometricsFace HAL.
-class FaceHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class FaceHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
     void SetUp() override {
-        mService = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IBiometricsFace>(
-                FaceHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IBiometricsFace>());
+        mService = IBiometricsFace::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(mService, nullptr);
         mCallback = new FaceCallback();
         mCallback->SetWaitTimeoutDefault(kTimeout);
@@ -167,7 +152,7 @@
 
 // generateChallenge should always return a unique, cryptographically secure,
 // non-zero number.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, GenerateChallengeTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, GenerateChallengeTest) {
     std::map<uint64_t, int> m;
     for (int i = 0; i < kGenerateChallengeIterations; ++i) {
         Return<void> ret =
@@ -182,7 +167,7 @@
 }
 
 // enroll with an invalid (all zeroes) HAT should fail.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, EnrollZeroHatTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, EnrollZeroHatTest) {
     // Filling HAT with zeros
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> token(69);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < 69; i++) {
@@ -200,7 +185,7 @@
 }
 
 // enroll with an invalid HAT should fail.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, EnrollGarbageHatTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, EnrollGarbageHatTest) {
     // Filling HAT with pseudorandom invalid data.
     // Using default seed to make the test reproducible.
     std::mt19937 gen(std::mt19937::default_seed);
@@ -221,7 +206,7 @@
 }
 
 // setFeature with an invalid (all zeros) HAT should fail.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, SetFeatureZeroHatTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, SetFeatureZeroHatTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> token(69);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < 69; i++) {
         token[i] = 0;
@@ -232,7 +217,7 @@
 }
 
 // setFeature with an invalid HAT should fail.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, SetFeatureGarbageHatTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, SetFeatureGarbageHatTest) {
     // Filling HAT with pseudorandom invalid data.
     // Using default seed to make the test reproducible.
     std::mt19937 gen(std::mt19937::default_seed);
@@ -254,16 +239,16 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(res.isOk());
 }
 
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, GetFeatureRequireAttentionTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, GetFeatureRequireAttentionTest) {
     assertGetFeatureFails(mService, 0 /* faceId */, Feature::REQUIRE_ATTENTION);
 }
 
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, GetFeatureRequireDiversityTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, GetFeatureRequireDiversityTest) {
     assertGetFeatureFails(mService, 0 /* faceId */, Feature::REQUIRE_DIVERSITY);
 }
 
 // revokeChallenge should always return within the timeout
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, RevokeChallengeTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, RevokeChallengeTest) {
     auto start = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
     Return<Status> ret = mService->revokeChallenge();
     auto elapsed = std::chrono::system_clock::now() - start;
@@ -272,14 +257,14 @@
 }
 
 // The call to getAuthenticatorId should succeed.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, GetAuthenticatorIdTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, GetAuthenticatorIdTest) {
     Return<void> ret = mService->getAuthenticatorId(
             [](const OptionalUint64& res) { ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, res.status); });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
 // The call to enumerate should succeed.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, EnumerateTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, EnumerateTest) {
     Return<Status> ret = mService->enumerate();
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
     auto res = mCallback->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameOnEnumerate);
@@ -288,21 +273,21 @@
 }
 
 // The call to remove should succeed for any faceId
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, RemoveFaceTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, RemoveFaceTest) {
     // Remove a face
     Return<Status> ret = mService->remove(kFaceId);
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
 }
 
 // Remove should accept 0 to delete all faces
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, RemoveAllFacesTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, RemoveAllFacesTest) {
     // Remove all faces
     Return<Status> ret = mService->remove(0);
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
 }
 
 // Active user should successfully set to a writable location.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, SetActiveUserTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, SetActiveUserTest) {
     // Create an active user
     Return<Status> ret = mService->setActiveUser(2, kFacedataDir);
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
@@ -313,7 +298,7 @@
 }
 
 // Active user should fail to set to an unwritable location.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, SetActiveUserUnwritableTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, SetActiveUserUnwritableTest) {
     // Create an active user to an unwritable location (device root dir)
     Return<Status> ret = mService->setActiveUser(3, "/");
     ASSERT_NE(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
@@ -324,7 +309,7 @@
 }
 
 // Active user should fail to set to a null location.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, SetActiveUserNullTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, SetActiveUserNullTest) {
     // Create an active user to a null location.
     Return<Status> ret = mService->setActiveUser(4, nullptr);
     ASSERT_NE(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
@@ -336,7 +321,7 @@
 
 // Cancel should always return CANCELED from any starting state including
 // the IDLE state.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, CancelTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, CancelTest) {
     Return<Status> ret = mService->cancel();
     // check that we were able to make an IPC request successfully
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
@@ -347,7 +332,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(FaceError::CANCELED, res.args->error);
 }
 
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, OnLockoutChangedTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, OnLockoutChangedTest) {
     // Update active user and ensure onLockoutChanged was called.
     Return<Status> ret = mService->setActiveUser(kUserId + 1, kFacedataDir);
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
@@ -359,11 +344,7 @@
 
 }  // anonymous namespace
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(FaceHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    FaceHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, FaceHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IBiometricsFace::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 54039e5..cf25cc8 100644
--- a/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -22,5 +22,8 @@
         "android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0",
         "libbluetooth-types",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHci.hal b/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHci.hal
index 0f69c6e..2a520c1 100644
--- a/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHci.hal
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHci.hal
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@
     initialize_1_1(@1.1::IBluetoothHciCallbacks callback);
 
     /**
-     * Send an ISO data packet (as specified in the Bluetooth Specification
-     * V6.0) to the Bluetooth controller.
+     * Send an ISO data packet (as specified in the Bluetooth Core
+     * Specification v5.2) to the Bluetooth controller.
      * Packets must be processed in order.
      * @param data HCI data packet to be sent
      */
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index b672fe4..b778b97 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -9,4 +9,5 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libfmq",
     ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothAudioV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothAudioV2_0TargetTest.cpp
index 9572d3f..b3cb6f7 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothAudioV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothAudioV2_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -21,12 +21,13 @@
 #include <android/hardware/bluetooth/audio/2.0/IBluetoothAudioProvider.h>
 #include <android/hardware/bluetooth/audio/2.0/IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory.h>
 #include <fmq/MessageQueue.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/MQDescriptor.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
@@ -105,34 +106,13 @@
 }
 }  // namespace
 
-// Test environment for Bluetooth Audio HAL.
-class BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment
-    : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
- public:
-  // get the test environment singleton
-  static BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-    static BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment* instance =
-        new BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment;
-    return instance;
-  }
-
-  virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-    registerTestService<IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory>();
-  }
-
- private:
-  BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The base test class for Bluetooth Audio HAL.
 class BluetoothAudioProvidersFactoryHidlTest
-    : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
  public:
   virtual void SetUp() override {
-    providers_factory_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-        IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory>(
-        BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-            ->getServiceName<IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory>());
+    providers_factory_ =
+        IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(providers_factory_, nullptr);
   }
 
@@ -300,13 +280,13 @@
 /**
  * Test whether we can get the FactoryService from HIDL
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProvidersFactoryHidlTest, GetProvidersFactoryService) {}
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProvidersFactoryHidlTest, GetProvidersFactoryService) {}
 
 /**
  * Test whether we can open a provider for each provider returned by
  * getProviderCapabilities() with non-empty capabalities
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProvidersFactoryHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProvidersFactoryHidlTest,
        OpenProviderAndCheckCapabilitiesBySession) {
   for (auto session_type : session_types_) {
     GetProviderCapabilitiesHelper(session_type);
@@ -341,14 +321,14 @@
 /**
  * Test whether we can open a provider of type
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpSoftwareHidlTest, OpenA2dpSoftwareProvider) {}
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpSoftwareHidlTest, OpenA2dpSoftwareProvider) {}
 
 /**
  * Test whether each provider of type
  * SessionType::A2DP_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and stopped with
  * different PCM config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpSoftwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpSoftwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndA2dpSoftwareSessionWithPossiblePcmConfig) {
   bool is_codec_config_valid;
   std::unique_ptr<DataMQ> tempDataMQ;
@@ -616,14 +596,14 @@
 /**
  * Test whether we can open a provider of type
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest, OpenA2dpHardwareProvider) {}
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest, OpenA2dpHardwareProvider) {}
 
 /**
  * Test whether each provider of type
  * SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and stopped with
  * SBC hardware encoding config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndA2dpSbcHardwareSession) {
   if (!IsOffloadSupported()) {
     return;
@@ -658,7 +638,7 @@
  * SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and stopped with
  * AAC hardware encoding config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndA2dpAacHardwareSession) {
   if (!IsOffloadSupported()) {
     return;
@@ -693,7 +673,7 @@
  * SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and stopped with
  * LDAC hardware encoding config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndA2dpLdacHardwareSession) {
   if (!IsOffloadSupported()) {
     return;
@@ -728,7 +708,7 @@
  * SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and stopped with
  * AptX hardware encoding config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndA2dpAptxHardwareSession) {
   if (!IsOffloadSupported()) {
     return;
@@ -767,7 +747,7 @@
  * SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and stopped with
  * an invalid codec config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndA2dpHardwareSessionInvalidCodecConfig) {
   if (!IsOffloadSupported()) {
     return;
@@ -857,7 +837,7 @@
  * SessionType::HEARING_AID_HARDWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and
  * stopped with SBC hardware encoding config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderHearingAidSoftwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderHearingAidSoftwareHidlTest,
        OpenHearingAidSoftwareProvider) {}
 
 /**
@@ -865,7 +845,7 @@
  * SessionType::HEARING_AID_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and
  * stopped with different PCM config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderHearingAidSoftwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderHearingAidSoftwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndHearingAidSessionWithPossiblePcmConfig) {
   bool is_codec_config_valid;
   std::unique_ptr<DataMQ> tempDataMQ;
@@ -904,12 +884,25 @@
   }      // SampleRate
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-  ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(
-      BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-  BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-  int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-  LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-  return status;
-}
+static const std::vector<std::string> kAudioInstances =
+    android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+        IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory::descriptor);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, BluetoothAudioProvidersFactoryHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(kAudioInstances),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance,
+                         BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpSoftwareHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(kAudioInstances),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance,
+                         BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(kAudioInstances),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance,
+                         BluetoothAudioProviderHearingAidSoftwareHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(kAudioInstances),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/Android.bp b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2e68df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "libboot_control_defaults",
+    vendor: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+
+    cflags: [
+        "-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Wextra",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.boot@1.1",
+        "libbase",
+        "liblog",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libbootloader_message_vendor",
+        "libfstab",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "libboot_control",
+    defaults: ["libboot_control_defaults"],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+
+    srcs: ["libboot_control.cpp"],
+}
+
+cc_library_shared {
+    name: "bootctrl.default",
+    defaults: ["libboot_control_defaults"],
+
+    srcs: ["legacy_boot_control.cpp"],
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "libboot_control",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libhardware",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/include/libboot_control/libboot_control.h b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/include/libboot_control/libboot_control.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5468658
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/include/libboot_control/libboot_control.h
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android/hardware/boot/1.1/IBootControl.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace bootable {
+
+// Helper library to implement the IBootControl HAL using the misc partition.
+class BootControl {
+  using MergeStatus = ::android::hardware::boot::V1_1::MergeStatus;
+
+ public:
+  bool Init();
+  unsigned int GetNumberSlots();
+  unsigned int GetCurrentSlot();
+  bool MarkBootSuccessful();
+  bool SetActiveBootSlot(unsigned int slot);
+  bool SetSlotAsUnbootable(unsigned int slot);
+  bool SetSlotBootable(unsigned int slot);
+  bool IsSlotBootable(unsigned int slot);
+  const char* GetSuffix(unsigned int slot);
+  bool IsSlotMarkedSuccessful(unsigned int slot);
+  bool SetSnapshotMergeStatus(MergeStatus status);
+  MergeStatus GetSnapshotMergeStatus();
+
+  bool IsValidSlot(unsigned int slot);
+
+  const std::string& misc_device() const {
+    return misc_device_;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  // Whether this object was initialized with data from the bootloader message
+  // that doesn't change until next reboot.
+  bool initialized_ = false;
+
+  // The path to the misc_device as reported in the fstab.
+  std::string misc_device_;
+
+  // The number of slots present on the device.
+  unsigned int num_slots_ = 0;
+
+  // The slot where we are running from.
+  unsigned int current_slot_ = 0;
+};
+
+// Helper functions to write the Virtual A/B merge status message. These are
+// separate because BootControl uses bootloader_control_ab in vendor space,
+// whereas the Virtual A/B merge status is in system space. A HAL might not
+// use bootloader_control_ab, but may want to use the AOSP method of maintaining
+// the merge status.
+
+// If the Virtual A/B message has not yet been initialized, then initialize it.
+// This should be called when the BootControl HAL first loads.
+//
+// If the Virtual A/B message in misc was already initialized, true is returned.
+// If initialization was attempted, but failed, false is returned, and the HAL
+// should fail to load.
+bool InitMiscVirtualAbMessageIfNeeded();
+
+// Save the current merge status as well as the current slot.
+bool SetMiscVirtualAbMergeStatus(unsigned int current_slot,
+                                 android::hardware::boot::V1_1::MergeStatus status);
+
+// Return the current merge status. If the saved status is SNAPSHOTTED but the
+// slot hasn't changed, the status returned will be NONE.
+bool GetMiscVirtualAbMergeStatus(unsigned int current_slot,
+                                 android::hardware::boot::V1_1::MergeStatus* status);
+
+}  // namespace bootable
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/include/private/boot_control_definition.h b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/include/private/boot_control_definition.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f02111
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/include/private/boot_control_definition.h
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+
+/**
+ * The A/B-specific bootloader message structure (4-KiB).
+ *
+ * We separate A/B boot control metadata from the regular bootloader
+ * message struct and keep it here. Everything that's A/B-specific
+ * stays after struct bootloader_message, which belongs to the vendor
+ * space of /misc partition. Also, the A/B-specific contents should be
+ * managed by the A/B-bootloader or boot control HAL.
+ *
+ * The slot_suffix field is used for A/B implementations where the
+ * bootloader does not set the androidboot.ro.boot.slot_suffix kernel
+ * commandline parameter. This is used by fs_mgr to mount /system and
+ * other partitions with the slotselect flag set in fstab. A/B
+ * implementations are free to use all 32 bytes and may store private
+ * data past the first NUL-byte in this field. It is encouraged, but
+ * not mandatory, to use 'struct bootloader_control' described below.
+ *
+ * The update_channel field is used to store the Omaha update channel
+ * if update_engine is compiled with Omaha support.
+ */
+struct bootloader_message_ab {
+    struct bootloader_message message;
+    char slot_suffix[32];
+    char update_channel[128];
+
+    // Round up the entire struct to 4096-byte.
+    char reserved[1888];
+};
+
+/**
+ * Be cautious about the struct size change, in case we put anything post
+ * bootloader_message_ab struct (b/29159185).
+ */
+#if (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L) || defined(__cplusplus)
+static_assert(sizeof(struct bootloader_message_ab) == 4096,
+              "struct bootloader_message_ab size changes");
+#endif
+
+#define BOOT_CTRL_MAGIC   0x42414342 /* Bootloader Control AB */
+#define BOOT_CTRL_VERSION 1
+
+struct slot_metadata {
+    // Slot priority with 15 meaning highest priority, 1 lowest
+    // priority and 0 the slot is unbootable.
+    uint8_t priority : 4;
+    // Number of times left attempting to boot this slot.
+    uint8_t tries_remaining : 3;
+    // 1 if this slot has booted successfully, 0 otherwise.
+    uint8_t successful_boot : 1;
+    // 1 if this slot is corrupted from a dm-verity corruption, 0
+    // otherwise.
+    uint8_t verity_corrupted : 1;
+    // Reserved for further use.
+    uint8_t reserved : 7;
+} __attribute__((packed));
+
+/* Bootloader Control AB
+ *
+ * This struct can be used to manage A/B metadata. It is designed to
+ * be put in the 'slot_suffix' field of the 'bootloader_message'
+ * structure described above. It is encouraged to use the
+ * 'bootloader_control' structure to store the A/B metadata, but not
+ * mandatory.
+ */
+struct bootloader_control {
+    // NUL terminated active slot suffix.
+    char slot_suffix[4];
+    // Bootloader Control AB magic number (see BOOT_CTRL_MAGIC).
+    uint32_t magic;
+    // Version of struct being used (see BOOT_CTRL_VERSION).
+    uint8_t version;
+    // Number of slots being managed.
+    uint8_t nb_slot : 3;
+    // Number of times left attempting to boot recovery.
+    uint8_t recovery_tries_remaining : 3;
+    // Status of any pending snapshot merge of dynamic partitions.
+    uint8_t merge_status : 3;
+    // Ensure 4-bytes alignment for slot_info field.
+    uint8_t reserved0[1];
+    // Per-slot information.  Up to 4 slots.
+    struct slot_metadata slot_info[4];
+    // Reserved for further use.
+    uint8_t reserved1[8];
+    // CRC32 of all 28 bytes preceding this field (little endian
+    // format).
+    uint32_t crc32_le;
+} __attribute__((packed));
+
+#if (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L) || defined(__cplusplus)
+static_assert(sizeof(struct bootloader_control) ==
+              sizeof(((struct bootloader_message_ab *)0)->slot_suffix),
+              "struct bootloader_control has wrong size");
+#endif
+
diff --git a/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/legacy_boot_control.cpp b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/legacy_boot_control.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73d3a58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/legacy_boot_control.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <hardware/boot_control.h>
+#include <hardware/hardware.h>
+
+#include <libboot_control/libboot_control.h>
+
+using android::bootable::BootControl;
+
+struct boot_control_private_t {
+  // The base struct needs to be first in the list.
+  boot_control_module_t base;
+
+  BootControl impl;
+};
+
+namespace {
+
+void BootControl_init(boot_control_module_t* module) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  impl.Init();
+}
+
+unsigned int BootControl_getNumberSlots(boot_control_module_t* module) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.GetNumberSlots();
+}
+
+unsigned int BootControl_getCurrentSlot(boot_control_module_t* module) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.GetCurrentSlot();
+}
+
+int BootControl_markBootSuccessful(boot_control_module_t* module) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.MarkBootSuccessful() ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+int BootControl_setActiveBootSlot(boot_control_module_t* module, unsigned int slot) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.SetActiveBootSlot(slot) ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+int BootControl_setSlotAsUnbootable(struct boot_control_module* module, unsigned int slot) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.SetSlotAsUnbootable(slot) ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+int BootControl_isSlotBootable(struct boot_control_module* module, unsigned int slot) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.IsSlotBootable(slot) ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+int BootControl_isSlotMarkedSuccessful(struct boot_control_module* module, unsigned int slot) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.IsSlotMarkedSuccessful(slot) ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+const char* BootControl_getSuffix(boot_control_module_t* module, unsigned int slot) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.GetSuffix(slot);
+}
+
+static int BootControl_open(const hw_module_t* module __unused, const char* id __unused,
+                            hw_device_t** device __unused) {
+  /* Nothing to do currently. */
+  return 0;
+}
+
+struct hw_module_methods_t BootControl_methods = {
+  .open = BootControl_open,
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+boot_control_private_t HAL_MODULE_INFO_SYM = {
+  .base =
+      {
+          .common =
+              {
+                  .tag = HARDWARE_MODULE_TAG,
+                  .module_api_version = BOOT_CONTROL_MODULE_API_VERSION_0_1,
+                  .hal_api_version = HARDWARE_HAL_API_VERSION,
+                  .id = BOOT_CONTROL_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID,
+                  .name = "AOSP reference bootctrl HAL",
+                  .author = "The Android Open Source Project",
+                  .methods = &BootControl_methods,
+              },
+          .init = BootControl_init,
+          .getNumberSlots = BootControl_getNumberSlots,
+          .getCurrentSlot = BootControl_getCurrentSlot,
+          .markBootSuccessful = BootControl_markBootSuccessful,
+          .setActiveBootSlot = BootControl_setActiveBootSlot,
+          .setSlotAsUnbootable = BootControl_setSlotAsUnbootable,
+          .isSlotBootable = BootControl_isSlotBootable,
+          .getSuffix = BootControl_getSuffix,
+          .isSlotMarkedSuccessful = BootControl_isSlotMarkedSuccessful,
+      },
+};
diff --git a/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/libboot_control.cpp b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/libboot_control.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c6ccaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/libboot_control.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,425 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <libboot_control/libboot_control.h>
+
+#include <endian.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <bootloader_message/bootloader_message.h>
+
+#include "private/boot_control_definition.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace bootable {
+
+using ::android::hardware::boot::V1_1::MergeStatus;
+
+// The number of boot attempts that should be made from a new slot before
+// rolling back to the previous slot.
+constexpr unsigned int kDefaultBootAttempts = 7;
+static_assert(kDefaultBootAttempts < 8, "tries_remaining field only has 3 bits");
+
+constexpr unsigned int kMaxNumSlots =
+    sizeof(bootloader_control::slot_info) / sizeof(bootloader_control::slot_info[0]);
+constexpr const char* kSlotSuffixes[kMaxNumSlots] = { "_a", "_b", "_c", "_d" };
+constexpr off_t kBootloaderControlOffset = offsetof(bootloader_message_ab, slot_suffix);
+
+static uint32_t CRC32(const uint8_t* buf, size_t size) {
+  static uint32_t crc_table[256];
+
+  // Compute the CRC-32 table only once.
+  if (!crc_table[1]) {
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
+      uint32_t crc = i;
+      for (uint32_t j = 0; j < 8; ++j) {
+        uint32_t mask = -(crc & 1);
+        crc = (crc >> 1) ^ (0xEDB88320 & mask);
+      }
+      crc_table[i] = crc;
+    }
+  }
+
+  uint32_t ret = -1;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+    ret = (ret >> 8) ^ crc_table[(ret ^ buf[i]) & 0xFF];
+  }
+
+  return ~ret;
+}
+
+// Return the little-endian representation of the CRC-32 of the first fields
+// in |boot_ctrl| up to the crc32_le field.
+uint32_t BootloaderControlLECRC(const bootloader_control* boot_ctrl) {
+  return htole32(
+      CRC32(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(boot_ctrl), offsetof(bootloader_control, crc32_le)));
+}
+
+bool LoadBootloaderControl(const std::string& misc_device, bootloader_control* buffer) {
+  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(misc_device.c_str(), O_RDONLY));
+  if (fd.get() == -1) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to open " << misc_device;
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (lseek(fd, kBootloaderControlOffset, SEEK_SET) != kBootloaderControlOffset) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to lseek " << misc_device;
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!android::base::ReadFully(fd.get(), buffer, sizeof(bootloader_control))) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to read " << misc_device;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool UpdateAndSaveBootloaderControl(const std::string& misc_device, bootloader_control* buffer) {
+  buffer->crc32_le = BootloaderControlLECRC(buffer);
+  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(misc_device.c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_SYNC));
+  if (fd.get() == -1) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to open " << misc_device;
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (lseek(fd.get(), kBootloaderControlOffset, SEEK_SET) != kBootloaderControlOffset) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to lseek " << misc_device;
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!android::base::WriteFully(fd.get(), buffer, sizeof(bootloader_control))) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to write " << misc_device;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void InitDefaultBootloaderControl(BootControl* control, bootloader_control* boot_ctrl) {
+  memset(boot_ctrl, 0, sizeof(*boot_ctrl));
+
+  unsigned int current_slot = control->GetCurrentSlot();
+  if (current_slot < kMaxNumSlots) {
+    strlcpy(boot_ctrl->slot_suffix, kSlotSuffixes[current_slot], sizeof(boot_ctrl->slot_suffix));
+  }
+  boot_ctrl->magic = BOOT_CTRL_MAGIC;
+  boot_ctrl->version = BOOT_CTRL_VERSION;
+
+  // Figure out the number of slots by checking if the partitions exist,
+  // otherwise assume the maximum supported by the header.
+  boot_ctrl->nb_slot = kMaxNumSlots;
+  std::string base_path = control->misc_device();
+  size_t last_path_sep = base_path.rfind('/');
+  if (last_path_sep != std::string::npos) {
+    // We test the existence of the "boot" partition on each possible slot,
+    // which is a partition required by Android Bootloader Requirements.
+    base_path = base_path.substr(0, last_path_sep + 1) + "boot";
+    int last_existing_slot = -1;
+    int first_missing_slot = -1;
+    for (unsigned int slot = 0; slot < kMaxNumSlots; ++slot) {
+      std::string partition_path = base_path + kSlotSuffixes[slot];
+      struct stat part_stat;
+      int err = stat(partition_path.c_str(), &part_stat);
+      if (!err) {
+        last_existing_slot = slot;
+        LOG(INFO) << "Found slot: " << kSlotSuffixes[slot];
+      } else if (err < 0 && errno == ENOENT && first_missing_slot == -1) {
+        first_missing_slot = slot;
+      }
+    }
+    // We only declare that we found the actual number of slots if we found all
+    // the boot partitions up to the number of slots, and no boot partition
+    // after that. Not finding any of the boot partitions implies a problem so
+    // we just leave the number of slots in the maximum value.
+    if ((last_existing_slot != -1 && last_existing_slot + 1 == first_missing_slot) ||
+        (first_missing_slot == -1 && last_existing_slot + 1 == kMaxNumSlots)) {
+      boot_ctrl->nb_slot = last_existing_slot + 1;
+      LOG(INFO) << "Found a system with " << last_existing_slot + 1 << " slots.";
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (unsigned int slot = 0; slot < kMaxNumSlots; ++slot) {
+    slot_metadata entry = {};
+
+    if (slot < boot_ctrl->nb_slot) {
+      entry.priority = 7;
+      entry.tries_remaining = kDefaultBootAttempts;
+      entry.successful_boot = 0;
+    } else {
+      entry.priority = 0;  // Unbootable
+    }
+
+    // When the boot_control stored on disk is invalid, we assume that the
+    // current slot is successful. The bootloader should repair this situation
+    // before booting and write a valid boot_control slot, so if we reach this
+    // stage it means that the misc partition was corrupted since boot.
+    if (current_slot == slot) {
+      entry.successful_boot = 1;
+    }
+
+    boot_ctrl->slot_info[slot] = entry;
+  }
+  boot_ctrl->recovery_tries_remaining = 0;
+
+  boot_ctrl->crc32_le = BootloaderControlLECRC(boot_ctrl);
+}
+
+// Return the index of the slot suffix passed or -1 if not a valid slot suffix.
+int SlotSuffixToIndex(const char* suffix) {
+  for (unsigned int slot = 0; slot < kMaxNumSlots; ++slot) {
+    if (!strcmp(kSlotSuffixes[slot], suffix)) return slot;
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+
+// Initialize the boot_control_private struct with the information from
+// the bootloader_message buffer stored in |boot_ctrl|. Returns whether the
+// initialization succeeded.
+bool BootControl::Init() {
+  if (initialized_) return true;
+
+  // Initialize the current_slot from the read-only property. If the property
+  // was not set (from either the command line or the device tree), we can later
+  // initialize it from the bootloader_control struct.
+  std::string suffix_prop = android::base::GetProperty("ro.boot.slot_suffix", "");
+  if (suffix_prop.empty()) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Slot suffix property is not set";
+    return false;
+  }
+  current_slot_ = SlotSuffixToIndex(suffix_prop.c_str());
+
+  std::string err;
+  std::string device = get_bootloader_message_blk_device(&err);
+  if (device.empty()) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not find bootloader message block device: " << err;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bootloader_control boot_ctrl;
+  if (!LoadBootloaderControl(device.c_str(), &boot_ctrl)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to load bootloader control block";
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Note that since there isn't a module unload function this memory is leaked.
+  // We use `device` below sometimes, so it's not moved out of here.
+  misc_device_ = device;
+  initialized_ = true;
+
+  // Validate the loaded data, otherwise we will destroy it and re-initialize it
+  // with the current information.
+  uint32_t computed_crc32 = BootloaderControlLECRC(&boot_ctrl);
+  if (boot_ctrl.crc32_le != computed_crc32) {
+    LOG(WARNING) << "Invalid boot control found, expected CRC-32 0x" << std::hex << computed_crc32
+                 << " but found 0x" << std::hex << boot_ctrl.crc32_le << ". Re-initializing.";
+    InitDefaultBootloaderControl(this, &boot_ctrl);
+    UpdateAndSaveBootloaderControl(device.c_str(), &boot_ctrl);
+  }
+
+  if (!InitMiscVirtualAbMessageIfNeeded()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  num_slots_ = boot_ctrl.nb_slot;
+  return true;
+}
+
+unsigned int BootControl::GetNumberSlots() {
+  return num_slots_;
+}
+
+unsigned int BootControl::GetCurrentSlot() {
+  return current_slot_;
+}
+
+bool BootControl::MarkBootSuccessful() {
+  bootloader_control bootctrl;
+  if (!LoadBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl)) return false;
+
+  bootctrl.slot_info[current_slot_].successful_boot = 1;
+  // tries_remaining == 0 means that the slot is not bootable anymore, make
+  // sure we mark the current slot as bootable if it succeeds in the last
+  // attempt.
+  bootctrl.slot_info[current_slot_].tries_remaining = 1;
+  return UpdateAndSaveBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl);
+}
+
+bool BootControl::SetActiveBootSlot(unsigned int slot) {
+  if (slot >= kMaxNumSlots || slot >= num_slots_) {
+    // Invalid slot number.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bootloader_control bootctrl;
+  if (!LoadBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl)) return false;
+
+  // Set every other slot with a lower priority than the new "active" slot.
+  const unsigned int kActivePriority = 15;
+  const unsigned int kActiveTries = 6;
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_slots_; ++i) {
+    if (i != slot) {
+      if (bootctrl.slot_info[i].priority >= kActivePriority)
+        bootctrl.slot_info[i].priority = kActivePriority - 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Note that setting a slot as active doesn't change the successful bit.
+  // The successful bit will only be changed by setSlotAsUnbootable().
+  bootctrl.slot_info[slot].priority = kActivePriority;
+  bootctrl.slot_info[slot].tries_remaining = kActiveTries;
+
+  // Setting the current slot as active is a way to revert the operation that
+  // set *another* slot as active at the end of an updater. This is commonly
+  // used to cancel the pending update. We should only reset the verity_corrpted
+  // bit when attempting a new slot, otherwise the verity bit on the current
+  // slot would be flip.
+  if (slot != current_slot_) bootctrl.slot_info[slot].verity_corrupted = 0;
+
+  return UpdateAndSaveBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl);
+}
+
+bool BootControl::SetSlotAsUnbootable(unsigned int slot) {
+  if (slot >= kMaxNumSlots || slot >= num_slots_) {
+    // Invalid slot number.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bootloader_control bootctrl;
+  if (!LoadBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl)) return false;
+
+  // The only way to mark a slot as unbootable, regardless of the priority is to
+  // set the tries_remaining to 0.
+  bootctrl.slot_info[slot].successful_boot = 0;
+  bootctrl.slot_info[slot].tries_remaining = 0;
+  return UpdateAndSaveBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl);
+}
+
+bool BootControl::IsSlotBootable(unsigned int slot) {
+  if (slot >= kMaxNumSlots || slot >= num_slots_) {
+    // Invalid slot number.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bootloader_control bootctrl;
+  if (!LoadBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl)) return false;
+
+  return bootctrl.slot_info[slot].tries_remaining != 0;
+}
+
+bool BootControl::IsSlotMarkedSuccessful(unsigned int slot) {
+  if (slot >= kMaxNumSlots || slot >= num_slots_) {
+    // Invalid slot number.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bootloader_control bootctrl;
+  if (!LoadBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl)) return false;
+
+  return bootctrl.slot_info[slot].successful_boot && bootctrl.slot_info[slot].tries_remaining;
+}
+
+bool BootControl::IsValidSlot(unsigned int slot) {
+  return slot < kMaxNumSlots && slot < num_slots_;
+}
+
+bool BootControl::SetSnapshotMergeStatus(MergeStatus status) {
+  return SetMiscVirtualAbMergeStatus(current_slot_, status);
+}
+
+MergeStatus BootControl::GetSnapshotMergeStatus() {
+  MergeStatus status;
+  if (!GetMiscVirtualAbMergeStatus(current_slot_, &status)) {
+    return MergeStatus::UNKNOWN;
+  }
+  return status;
+}
+
+const char* BootControl::GetSuffix(unsigned int slot) {
+  if (slot >= kMaxNumSlots || slot >= num_slots_) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  return kSlotSuffixes[slot];
+}
+
+bool InitMiscVirtualAbMessageIfNeeded() {
+  std::string err;
+  misc_virtual_ab_message message;
+  if (!ReadMiscVirtualAbMessage(&message, &err)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not read merge status: " << err;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (message.version == MISC_VIRTUAL_AB_MESSAGE_VERSION &&
+      message.magic == MISC_VIRTUAL_AB_MAGIC_HEADER) {
+    // Already initialized.
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  message = {};
+  message.version = MISC_VIRTUAL_AB_MESSAGE_VERSION;
+  message.magic = MISC_VIRTUAL_AB_MAGIC_HEADER;
+  if (!WriteMiscVirtualAbMessage(message, &err)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not write merge status: " << err;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool SetMiscVirtualAbMergeStatus(unsigned int current_slot,
+                                 android::hardware::boot::V1_1::MergeStatus status) {
+  std::string err;
+  misc_virtual_ab_message message;
+
+  if (!ReadMiscVirtualAbMessage(&message, &err)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not read merge status: " << err;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  message.merge_status = static_cast<uint8_t>(status);
+  message.source_slot = current_slot;
+  if (!WriteMiscVirtualAbMessage(message, &err)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not write merge status: " << err;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool GetMiscVirtualAbMergeStatus(unsigned int current_slot,
+                                 android::hardware::boot::V1_1::MergeStatus* status) {
+  std::string err;
+  misc_virtual_ab_message message;
+
+  if (!ReadMiscVirtualAbMessage(&message, &err)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not read merge status: " << err;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // If the slot reverted after having created a snapshot, then the snapshot will
+  // be thrown away at boot. Thus we don't count this as being in a snapshotted
+  // state.
+  *status = static_cast<MergeStatus>(message.merge_status);
+  if (*status == MergeStatus::SNAPSHOTTED && current_slot == message.source_slot) {
+    *status = MergeStatus::NONE;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace bootable
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/broadcastradio/1.1/default/service.cpp b/broadcastradio/1.1/default/service.cpp
index f8af0b7..29dc76f 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/1.1/default/service.cpp
+++ b/broadcastradio/1.1/default/service.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 #include "BroadcastRadioFactory.h"
 
+using android::sp;
 using android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool;
 using android::hardware::joinRpcThreadpool;
 using android::hardware::broadcastradio::V1_1::implementation::BroadcastRadioFactory;
@@ -27,8 +28,8 @@
 int main(int /* argc */, char** /* argv */) {
     configureRpcThreadpool(4, true);
 
-    BroadcastRadioFactory broadcastRadioFactory;
-    auto status = broadcastRadioFactory.registerAsService();
+    sp<BroadcastRadioFactory> broadcastRadioFactory(new BroadcastRadioFactory());
+    auto status = broadcastRadioFactory->registerAsService();
     CHECK_EQ(status, android::OK) << "Failed to register Broadcast Radio HAL implementation";
 
     joinRpcThreadpool();
diff --git a/broadcastradio/2.0/default/service.cpp b/broadcastradio/2.0/default/service.cpp
index 349aba2..bd746fd 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/2.0/default/service.cpp
+++ b/broadcastradio/2.0/default/service.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "BroadcastRadio.h"
 #include "VirtualRadio.h"
 
+using android::sp;
 using android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool;
 using android::hardware::joinRpcThreadpool;
 using android::hardware::broadcastradio::V2_0::implementation::BroadcastRadio;
@@ -30,13 +31,13 @@
     android::base::SetMinimumLogSeverity(android::base::VERBOSE);
     configureRpcThreadpool(4, true);
 
-    BroadcastRadio broadcastRadio(gAmFmRadio);
-    auto amFmStatus = broadcastRadio.registerAsService("amfm");
+    sp<BroadcastRadio> broadcastRadio(new BroadcastRadio(gAmFmRadio));
+    auto amFmStatus = broadcastRadio->registerAsService("amfm");
     CHECK_EQ(amFmStatus, android::OK)
         << "Failed to register Broadcast Radio AM/FM HAL implementation";
 
-    BroadcastRadio dabRadio(gDabRadio);
-    auto dabStatus = dabRadio.registerAsService("dab");
+    sp<BroadcastRadio> dabRadio(new BroadcastRadio(gDabRadio));
+    auto dabStatus = dabRadio->registerAsService("dab");
     CHECK_EQ(dabStatus, android::OK) << "Failed to register Broadcast Radio DAB HAL implementation";
 
     joinRpcThreadpool();
diff --git a/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/OWNERS b/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/OWNERS
index 12adf57..1ff7407 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/OWNERS
+++ b/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/OWNERS
@@ -3,5 +3,4 @@
 twasilczyk@google.com
 
 # VTS team
-yuexima@google.com
-yim@google.com
+dshi@google.com
diff --git a/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 3e18a54..49bb665 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -17,9 +17,6 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalBroadcastradioV2_0TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
-    cppflags: [
-        "-std=c++1z",
-    ],
     srcs: ["VtsHalBroadcastradioV2_0TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0",
@@ -28,5 +25,8 @@
         "android.hardware.broadcastradio@vts-utils-lib",
         "libgmock",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBroadcastradioV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBroadcastradioV2_0TargetTest.cpp
index e36f4d9..d170a6d 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBroadcastradioV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBroadcastradioV2_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 #define EGMOCK_VERBOSE 1
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android/hardware/broadcastradio/2.0/IBroadcastRadio.h>
@@ -25,11 +24,13 @@
 #include <android/hardware/broadcastradio/2.0/types.h>
 #include <broadcastradio-utils-2x/Utils.h>
 #include <broadcastradio-vts-utils/call-barrier.h>
-#include <broadcastradio-vts-utils/environment-utils.h>
 #include <broadcastradio-vts-utils/mock-timeout.h>
 #include <broadcastradio-vts-utils/pointer-utils.h>
 #include <cutils/bitops.h>
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <chrono>
 #include <optional>
@@ -52,7 +53,6 @@
 using testing::Invoke;
 using testing::SaveArg;
 
-using broadcastradio::vts::BroadcastRadioHidlEnvironment;
 using broadcastradio::vts::CallBarrier;
 using broadcastradio::vts::clearAndWait;
 using utils::make_identifier;
@@ -100,10 +100,8 @@
     MOCK_METHOD1(onListUpdated, Return<void>(const hidl_vec<Announcement>&));
 };
 
-static BroadcastRadioHidlEnvironment<IBroadcastRadio>* gEnv = nullptr;
-
-class BroadcastRadioHalTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class BroadcastRadioHalTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
     virtual void SetUp() override;
     virtual void TearDown() override;
 
@@ -185,7 +183,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, mModule.get()) << "Module is already open";
 
     // lookup HIDL service (radio module)
-    mModule = getService<IBroadcastRadio>(gEnv->getServiceName<IBroadcastRadio>());
+    mModule = IBroadcastRadio::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mModule.get()) << "Couldn't find broadcast radio HAL implementation";
 
     // get module properties
@@ -243,10 +241,10 @@
     auto startResult = mSession->startProgramListUpdates({});
     if (startResult == Result::NOT_SUPPORTED) {
         printSkipped("Program list not supported");
-        return nullopt;
+        return std::nullopt;
     }
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, startResult);
-    if (startResult != Result::OK) return nullopt;
+    if (startResult != Result::OK) return std::nullopt;
 
     EXPECT_TIMEOUT_CALL_WAIT(*mCallback, onProgramListReady, timeout::programListScan);
 
@@ -264,7 +262,7 @@
  *  - the method succeeds when called for the second time without
  *    closing previous session.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, OpenSession) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, OpenSession) {
     // simply open session for the first time
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
@@ -308,7 +306,7 @@
  *  - all channel grids (frequency ranges and spacings) are valid;
  *  - seek spacing is a multiple of the manual spacing value.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetAmFmRegionConfig) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetAmFmRegionConfig) {
     AmFmRegionConfig config;
     bool supported = getAmFmRegionConfig(false, &config);
     if (!supported) {
@@ -341,7 +339,7 @@
  *  - all channel grids (frequency ranges and spacings) are valid;
  *  - seek spacing is not set.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetAmFmRegionConfigCapabilities) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetAmFmRegionConfigCapabilities) {
     AmFmRegionConfig config;
     bool supported = getAmFmRegionConfig(true, &config);
     if (!supported) {
@@ -369,7 +367,7 @@
  *  - all channel labels match correct format;
  *  - all channel frequencies are in correct range.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetDabRegionConfig) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetDabRegionConfig) {
     Result halResult;
     hidl_vec<DabTableEntry> config;
     auto cb = [&](Result result, hidl_vec<DabTableEntry> configCb) {
@@ -411,7 +409,7 @@
  *    invoked carrying a proper selector;
  *  - program changes exactly to what was requested.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, FmTune) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, FmTune) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     uint64_t freq = 100100;  // 100.1 FM
@@ -458,7 +456,7 @@
  *  - if the selector is not supported, it's ignored;
  *  - if it is supported, an invalid value results with INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, TuneFailsWithInvalid) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, TuneFailsWithInvalid) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     vector<ProgramIdentifier> invalid = {
@@ -489,7 +487,7 @@
  * Verifies that:
  *  - tune fails with NOT_SUPPORTED when program selector is not initialized.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, TuneFailsWithEmpty) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, TuneFailsWithEmpty) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     // Program type is 1-based, so 0 will always be invalid.
@@ -506,7 +504,7 @@
  *  - the program info is changed within timeout::tune;
  *  - works both directions and with or without skipping sub-channel.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Seek) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Seek) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     // TODO(b/69958777): see FmTune workaround
@@ -531,7 +529,7 @@
  *  - the program info is changed within timeout::tune if the method succeeded;
  *  - works both directions.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Step) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Step) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     // TODO(b/69958777): see FmTune workaround
@@ -558,7 +556,7 @@
  * Verifies that:
  *  - the method does not crash after being invoked multiple times.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Cancel) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Cancel) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
@@ -576,7 +574,7 @@
  * Verifies that:
  *  - callback is called for empty parameters set.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, NoParameters) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, NoParameters) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     hidl_vec<VendorKeyValue> halResults = {};
@@ -605,7 +603,7 @@
  *  - unknown parameters are ignored;
  *  - callback is called also for empty results set.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, UnknownParameters) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, UnknownParameters) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     hidl_vec<VendorKeyValue> halResults = {};
@@ -633,7 +631,7 @@
  * Verifies that:
  *  - the method does not crash after being invoked multiple times.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Close) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Close) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
@@ -648,7 +646,7 @@
  * Verifies that:
  * - getImage call handles argument 0 gracefully.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetNoImage) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetNoImage) {
     size_t len = 0;
     auto result = mModule->getImage(0, [&](hidl_vec<uint8_t> rawImage) { len = rawImage.size(); });
 
@@ -663,7 +661,7 @@
  * - isConfigFlagSet either succeeds or ends with NOT_SUPPORTED or INVALID_STATE;
  * - call success or failure is consistent with setConfigFlag.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, FetchConfigFlags) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, FetchConfigFlags) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     for (auto flag : gConfigFlagValues) {
@@ -691,7 +689,7 @@
  * - setConfigFlag either succeeds or ends with NOT_SUPPORTED or INVALID_STATE;
  * - isConfigFlagSet reflects the state requested immediately after the set call.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, SetConfigFlags) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, SetConfigFlags) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     auto get = [&](ConfigFlag flag) {
@@ -743,7 +741,7 @@
  * - the complete list is fetched within timeout::programListScan;
  * - stopProgramListUpdates does not crash.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetProgramList) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetProgramList) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     getProgramList();
@@ -757,7 +755,7 @@
  *  - the identifier matches the name;
  *  - there is only one identifier of that type.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, HdRadioStationNameId) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, HdRadioStationNameId) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     auto list = getProgramList();
@@ -785,7 +783,7 @@
  *  - if it succeeds, it returns a valid close handle (which is a nullptr otherwise);
  *  - closing handle does not crash.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, AnnouncementListenerRegistration) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, AnnouncementListenerRegistration) {
     sp<AnnouncementListenerMock> listener = new AnnouncementListenerMock();
 
     Result halResult = Result::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
@@ -811,6 +809,11 @@
     closeHandle->close();
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, BroadcastRadioHalTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IBroadcastRadio::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
 }  // namespace vts
 }  // namespace V2_0
 }  // namespace broadcastradio
@@ -818,14 +821,8 @@
 }  // namespace android
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    using android::hardware::broadcastradio::V2_0::vts::gEnv;
-    using android::hardware::broadcastradio::V2_0::IBroadcastRadio;
-    using android::hardware::broadcastradio::vts::BroadcastRadioHidlEnvironment;
     android::base::SetDefaultTag("BcRadio.vts");
     android::base::SetMinimumLogSeverity(android::base::VERBOSE);
-    gEnv = new BroadcastRadioHidlEnvironment<IBroadcastRadio>;
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(gEnv);
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    gEnv->init(&argc, argv);
     return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
 }
diff --git a/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/mock-timeout.h b/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/mock-timeout.h
index f6cd6ae..8ab2b43 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/mock-timeout.h
+++ b/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/mock-timeout.h
@@ -82,33 +82,44 @@
     };                                                                \
     return EGMockFlippedComma_<decltype(invokeMock())>(invokeMock, notify);
 
+// We define this as a variadic macro in case F contains unprotected
+// commas (the same reason that we use variadic macros in other places
+// in this file).
+#define EGMOCK_RESULT_(tn, ...) \
+    tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::Result
+
+// The type of argument N of the given function type.
+// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DON'T USE IN USER CODE!!!
+#define EGMOCK_ARG_(tn, N, ...) \
+    tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::template Arg<N-1>::type
+
 /**
  * Gmock MOCK_METHOD0 timeout-capable extension.
  */
 #define MOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD0(Method, ...)       \
     MOCK_METHOD0(egmock_##Method, __VA_ARGS__); \
     EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_DEF_(Method);         \
-    virtual GMOCK_RESULT_(, __VA_ARGS__) Method() { EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_BODY_(Method); }
+    virtual EGMOCK_RESULT_(, __VA_ARGS__) Method() { EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_BODY_(Method); }
 
 /**
  * Gmock MOCK_METHOD1 timeout-capable extension.
  */
-#define MOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD1(Method, ...)                                                 \
-    MOCK_METHOD1(egmock_##Method, __VA_ARGS__);                                           \
-    EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_DEF_(Method);                                                   \
-    virtual GMOCK_RESULT_(, __VA_ARGS__) Method(GMOCK_ARG_(, 1, __VA_ARGS__) egmock_a1) { \
-        EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_BODY_(Method, egmock_a1);                                   \
+#define MOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD1(Method, ...)                                                   \
+    MOCK_METHOD1(egmock_##Method, __VA_ARGS__);                                             \
+    EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_DEF_(Method);                                                     \
+    virtual EGMOCK_RESULT_(, __VA_ARGS__) Method(EGMOCK_ARG_(, 1, __VA_ARGS__) egmock_a1) { \
+        EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_BODY_(Method, egmock_a1);                                     \
     }
 
 /**
  * Gmock MOCK_METHOD2 timeout-capable extension.
  */
-#define MOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD2(Method, ...)                                                        \
-    MOCK_METHOD2(egmock_##Method, __VA_ARGS__);                                                  \
-    EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_DEF_(Method);                                                          \
-    virtual GMOCK_RESULT_(, __VA_ARGS__)                                                         \
-        Method(GMOCK_ARG_(, 1, __VA_ARGS__) egmock_a1, GMOCK_ARG_(, 2, __VA_ARGS__) egmock_a2) { \
-        EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_BODY_(Method, egmock_a1, egmock_a2);                               \
+#define MOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD2(Method, ...)                                                          \
+    MOCK_METHOD2(egmock_##Method, __VA_ARGS__);                                                    \
+    EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_DEF_(Method);                                                            \
+    virtual EGMOCK_RESULT_(, __VA_ARGS__)                                                          \
+        Method(EGMOCK_ARG_(, 1, __VA_ARGS__) egmock_a1, EGMOCK_ARG_(, 2, __VA_ARGS__) egmock_a2) { \
+        EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_BODY_(Method, egmock_a1, egmock_a2);                                 \
     }
 
 /**
diff --git a/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/pointer-utils.h b/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/pointer-utils.h
index 0b6f5eb..1d76008 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/pointer-utils.h
+++ b/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/pointer-utils.h
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 #include <chrono>
 #include <thread>
 
+using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace broadcastradio {
diff --git a/camera/device/3.2/default/CameraDeviceSession.cpp b/camera/device/3.2/default/CameraDeviceSession.cpp
index 99cdccb..769991c 100644
--- a/camera/device/3.2/default/CameraDeviceSession.cpp
+++ b/camera/device/3.2/default/CameraDeviceSession.cpp
@@ -790,8 +790,9 @@
             auto it = batch->mBatchBufs.find(buffer.streamId);
             if (it != batch->mBatchBufs.end()) {
                 InflightBatch::BufferBatch& bb = it->second;
+                auto id = buffer.streamId;
                 pushStreamBuffer(std::move(buffer), bb.mBuffers);
-                filledStreams.push_back(buffer.streamId);
+                filledStreams.push_back(id);
             } else {
                 pushStreamBuffer(std::move(buffer), nonBatchedBuffers);
             }
diff --git a/camera/device/3.4/default/CameraDeviceSession.cpp b/camera/device/3.4/default/CameraDeviceSession.cpp
index b4ebe22..3f088a3 100644
--- a/camera/device/3.4/default/CameraDeviceSession.cpp
+++ b/camera/device/3.4/default/CameraDeviceSession.cpp
@@ -656,8 +656,9 @@
             auto it = batch->mBatchBufs.find(buffer.streamId);
             if (it != batch->mBatchBufs.end()) {
                 InflightBatch::BufferBatch& bb = it->second;
+                auto id = buffer.streamId;
                 pushStreamBuffer(std::move(buffer), bb.mBuffers);
-                filledStreams.push_back(buffer.streamId);
+                filledStreams.push_back(id);
             } else {
                 pushStreamBuffer(std::move(buffer), nonBatchedBuffers);
             }
diff --git a/cas/1.2/Android.bp b/cas/1.2/Android.bp
index af98b2e..fbb38b0 100644
--- a/cas/1.2/Android.bp
+++ b/cas/1.2/Android.bp
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@
         enabled: true,
     },
     srcs: [
+        "types.hal",
         "ICas.hal",
         "ICasListener.hal",
         "IMediaCasService.hal",
-        "types.hal",
     ],
     interfaces: [
         "android.hardware.cas@1.0",
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/Android.bp b/compatibility_matrices/Android.bp
index 799ab07..9d4e55c 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/Android.bp
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/Android.bp
@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@
         "kernel_config_o_3.18",
         "kernel_config_o_4.4",
         "kernel_config_o_4.9",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
+
 vintf_compatibility_matrix {
     name: "framework_compatibility_matrix.1.xml",
     stem: "compatibility_matrix.1.xml",
@@ -35,8 +36,9 @@
         "kernel_config_o_3.18",
         "kernel_config_o_4.4",
         "kernel_config_o_4.9",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
+
 vintf_compatibility_matrix {
     name: "framework_compatibility_matrix.2.xml",
     stem: "compatibility_matrix.2.xml",
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@
         "kernel_config_o_mr1_3.18",
         "kernel_config_o_mr1_4.4",
         "kernel_config_o_mr1_4.9",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 vintf_compatibility_matrix {
@@ -60,7 +62,7 @@
         "kernel_config_p_4.4",
         "kernel_config_p_4.9",
         "kernel_config_p_4.14",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 vintf_compatibility_matrix {
@@ -73,7 +75,20 @@
         "kernel_config_q_4.9",
         "kernel_config_q_4.14",
         "kernel_config_q_4.19",
-    ]
+    ],
+}
+
+vintf_compatibility_matrix {
+    name: "framework_compatibility_matrix.5.xml",
+    stem: "compatibility_matrix.5.xml",
+    srcs: [
+        "compatibility_matrix.5.xml",
+    ],
+    kernel_configs: [
+        "kernel_config_r_4.14",
+        "kernel_config_r_4.19",
+        "kernel_config_r_5.4",
+    ],
 }
 
 vintf_compatibility_matrix {
@@ -83,8 +98,8 @@
         "compatibility_matrix.current.xml",
     ],
     kernel_configs: [
-        "kernel_config_current_4.9",
         "kernel_config_current_4.14",
         "kernel_config_current_4.19",
-    ]
+        "kernel_config_current_5.4",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/Android.mk b/compatibility_matrices/Android.mk
index 7c7f87f..96191c8 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/Android.mk
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/Android.mk
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@
     framework_compatibility_matrix.2.xml \
     framework_compatibility_matrix.3.xml \
     framework_compatibility_matrix.4.xml \
+    framework_compatibility_matrix.5.xml \
     framework_compatibility_matrix.current.xml \
     framework_compatibility_matrix.device.xml \
 
@@ -115,27 +116,6 @@
 LOCAL_REQUIRED_MODULES := $(my_framework_matrix_deps)
 include $(BUILD_PHONY_PACKAGE)
 
-# Final Framework Compatibility Matrix for OTA
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-include $(LOCAL_PATH)/clear_vars.mk
-LOCAL_MODULE := verified_assembled_system_matrix.xml
-LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(PRODUCT_OUT)
-LOCAL_REQUIRED_MODULES := $(my_framework_matrix_deps)
-LOCAL_GENERATED_SOURCES := $(call module-installed-files,$(LOCAL_REQUIRED_MODULES))
-LOCAL_ADD_VBMETA_VERSION_OVERRIDE := true
-
-ifdef BUILT_VENDOR_MANIFEST
-LOCAL_GEN_FILE_DEPENDENCIES += $(BUILT_VENDOR_MANIFEST)
-LOCAL_ASSEMBLE_VINTF_FLAGS += -c "$(BUILT_VENDOR_MANIFEST)"
-endif
-
-ifneq ($(PRODUCT_OTA_ENFORCE_VINTF_KERNEL_REQUIREMENTS),true)
-LOCAL_ASSEMBLE_VINTF_FLAGS += --no-kernel-requirements
-endif
-
-include $(BUILD_FRAMEWORK_COMPATIBILITY_MATRIX)
-BUILT_SYSTEM_MATRIX := $(LOCAL_BUILT_MODULE)
-
 my_system_matrix_deps :=
 my_framework_matrix_deps :=
 my_empty_manifest :=
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.1.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.1.xml
index d82829d..cccf24f 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.1.xml
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.1.xml
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
             <instance>legacy/0</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.configstore</name>
         <version>1.0</version>
         <interface>
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.2.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.2.xml
index 98e6cfa..d4f9809 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.2.xml
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.2.xml
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.configstore</name>
         <version>1.0</version>
         <interface>
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.3.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.3.xml
index 9933b33..5888ab9 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.3.xml
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.3.xml
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.configstore</name>
         <version>1.0-1</version>
         <interface>
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.4.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.4.xml
index 01ec172..e5e012c 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.4.xml
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.4.xml
@@ -181,12 +181,6 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.gnss</name>
-        <!--
-         - Both versions are listed here as a workaround for libvintf since 2.0 extends 1.1.
-         - Devices launched with Q must support gnss@2.0, see VtsTrebleVendorVintfTest
-         - test DeviceManifestTest#GnssHalVersionCompatibility.
-        -->
-        <version>1.1</version>
         <version>2.0</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IGnss</name>
@@ -429,7 +423,6 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.thermal</name>
-        <version>1.0-1</version>
         <version>2.0</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IThermal</name>
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.5.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.5.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc4f0cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.5.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,521 @@
+<compatibility-matrix version="1.0" type="framework" level="5">
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.atrace</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IAtraceDevice</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+        <name>android.hardware.audio</name>
+        <version>6.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IDevicesFactory</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+        <name>android.hardware.audio.effect</name>
+        <version>6.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IEffectsFactory</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.authsecret</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IAuthSecret</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.automotive.audiocontrol</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IAudioControl</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.automotive.evs</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IEvsEnumerator</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.automotive.vehicle</name>
+        <version>2.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IVehicle</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.biometrics.face</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IBiometricsFace</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.biometrics.fingerprint</name>
+        <version>2.1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IBiometricsFingerprint</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.bluetooth</name>
+        <version>1.0-1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IBluetoothHci</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.bluetooth.audio</name>
+        <version>2.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.boot</name>
+        <version>1.1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IBootControl</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.broadcastradio</name>
+        <version>1.0-1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IBroadcastRadioFactory</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.broadcastradio</name>
+        <version>2.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IBroadcastRadio</name>
+            <regex-instance>.*</regex-instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.camera.provider</name>
+        <version>2.4-5</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ICameraProvider</name>
+            <regex-instance>[^/]+/[0-9]+</regex-instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.cas</name>
+        <version>1.1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IMediaCasService</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.configstore</name>
+        <version>1.1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ISurfaceFlingerConfigs</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.confirmationui</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IConfirmationUI</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.contexthub</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IContexthub</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.drm</name>
+        <version>1.0-2</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ICryptoFactory</name>
+            <regex-instance>.*</regex-instance>
+        </interface>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IDrmFactory</name>
+            <regex-instance>.*</regex-instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.dumpstate</name>
+        <version>1.1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IDumpstateDevice</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+        <name>android.hardware.gatekeeper</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IGatekeeper</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.gnss</name>
+        <version>2.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IGnss</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+        <name>android.hardware.graphics.allocator</name>
+        <version>2.0</version>
+        <version>3.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IAllocator</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+        <name>android.hardware.graphics.composer</name>
+        <version>2.1-3</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IComposer</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+        <name>android.hardware.graphics.mapper</name>
+        <version>2.1</version>
+        <version>3.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IMapper</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+        <name>android.hardware.health</name>
+        <version>2.1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IHealth</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.health.storage</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IStorage</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.identity</name>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IIdentityCredentialStore</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.ir</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IConsumerIr</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.input.classifier</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IInputClassifier</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+        <name>android.hardware.keymaster</name>
+        <version>3.0</version>
+        <version>4.0-1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IKeymasterDevice</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.keymaster</name>
+        <version>4.0-1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IKeymasterDevice</name>
+            <instance>strongbox</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.light</name>
+        <version>2.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ILight</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.light</name>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ILights</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.media.c2</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IComponentStore</name>
+            <regex-instance>default[0-9]*</regex-instance>
+            <regex-instance>vendor[0-9]*_software</regex-instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.media.omx</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IOmx</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IOmxStore</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.memtrack</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IMemtrack</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.neuralnetworks</name>
+        <version>1.0-3</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IDevice</name>
+            <regex-instance>.*</regex-instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.nfc</name>
+        <version>1.2</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>INfc</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.oemlock</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IOemLock</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="false">
+        <name>android.hardware.power</name>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IPower</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.power.stats</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IPowerStats</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.radio</name>
+        <version>1.5</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IRadio</name>
+            <instance>slot1</instance>
+            <instance>slot2</instance>
+            <instance>slot3</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.radio</name>
+        <version>1.2</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ISap</name>
+            <instance>slot1</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.radio.config</name>
+        <!--
+        See compatibility_matrix.4.xml on versioning of radio config HAL.
+        -->
+        <version>1.1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IRadioConfig</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.renderscript</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IDevice</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.secure_element</name>
+        <version>1.0-2</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ISecureElement</name>
+            <regex-instance>eSE[1-9][0-9]*</regex-instance>
+            <regex-instance>SIM[1-9][0-9]*</regex-instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.sensors</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <version>2.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ISensors</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.soundtrigger</name>
+        <version>2.0-2</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ISoundTriggerHw</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.tetheroffload.config</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IOffloadConfig</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.tetheroffload.control</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IOffloadControl</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.thermal</name>
+        <version>2.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IThermal</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.tv.cec</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IHdmiCec</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.tv.input</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ITvInput</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.usb</name>
+        <version>1.0-2</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IUsb</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.usb.gadget</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IUsbGadget</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.vibrator</name>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IVibrator</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.vr</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IVr</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.weaver</name>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IWeaver</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.wifi</name>
+        <version>1.0-3</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IWifi</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.wifi.hostapd</name>
+        <version>1.0-1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IHostapd</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.wifi.supplicant</name>
+        <version>1.0-2</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ISupplicant</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+</compatibility-matrix>
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml
index f0b5966..3e39ab7 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-<compatibility-matrix version="1.0" type="framework" level="5">
+<compatibility-matrix version="1.0" type="framework" level="6">
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.atrace</name>
         <version>1.0</version>
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
         <name>android.hardware.audio</name>
-        <version>5.0</version>
         <version>6.0</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IDevicesFactory</name>
@@ -18,7 +17,6 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
         <name>android.hardware.audio.effect</name>
-        <version>5.0</version>
         <version>6.0</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IEffectsFactory</name>
@@ -130,14 +128,6 @@
         </interface>
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.configstore</name>
-        <version>1.1</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>ISurfaceFlingerConfigs</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.confirmationui</name>
         <version>1.0</version>
         <interface>
@@ -167,7 +157,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.dumpstate</name>
-        <version>1.0</version>
+        <version>1.1</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IDumpstateDevice</name>
             <instance>default</instance>
@@ -183,12 +173,6 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.gnss</name>
-        <!--
-         - Both versions are listed here as a workaround for libvintf since 2.0 extends 1.1.
-         - Devices launched with Q must support gnss@2.0, see VtsTrebleVendorVintfTest
-         - test DeviceManifestTest#GnssHalVersionCompatibility.
-        -->
-        <version>1.1</version>
         <version>2.0</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IGnss</name>
@@ -237,6 +221,13 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.identity</name>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IIdentityCredentialStore</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.ir</name>
         <version>1.0</version>
@@ -278,6 +269,13 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.light</name>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ILights</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.media.c2</name>
         <version>1.0</version>
@@ -331,9 +329,8 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="false">
         <name>android.hardware.power</name>
-        <version>1.0-3</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IPower</name>
             <instance>default</instance>
@@ -349,7 +346,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.radio</name>
-        <version>1.4</version>
+        <version>1.5</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IRadio</name>
             <instance>slot1</instance>
@@ -386,7 +383,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.secure_element</name>
-        <version>1.0</version>
+        <version>1.0-2</version>
         <interface>
             <name>ISecureElement</name>
             <regex-instance>eSE[1-9][0-9]*</regex-instance>
@@ -428,7 +425,6 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.thermal</name>
-        <version>1.0</version>
         <version>2.0</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IThermal</name>
@@ -475,14 +471,6 @@
         </interface>
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.vibrator</name>
-        <version>1.0-3</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IVibrator</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.vr</name>
         <version>1.0</version>
         <interface>
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.legacy.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.legacy.xml
index 224811f..8a4d2ee 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.legacy.xml
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.legacy.xml
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
             <instance>legacy/0</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.configstore</name>
         <version>1.0</version>
         <interface>
diff --git a/configstore/1.1/default/Android.mk b/configstore/1.1/default/Android.mk
index e7edc34..6b7bb00 100644
--- a/configstore/1.1/default/Android.mk
+++ b/configstore/1.1/default/Android.mk
@@ -35,3 +35,14 @@
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := seccomp_policy/configstore@1.1-$(TARGET_ARCH).policy
 include $(BUILD_PREBUILT)
 endif
+
+# disable configstore
+include $(CLEAR_VARS)
+LOCAL_MODULE := disable_configstore
+LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := EXECUTABLES
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES:= disable_configstore.cpp
+LOCAL_OVERRIDES_MODULES := android.hardware.configstore@1.1-service
+LOCAL_VENDOR_MODULE := true
+LOCAL_UNINSTALLABLE_MODULE := true
+
+include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
diff --git a/configstore/1.1/default/disable_configstore.cpp b/configstore/1.1/default/disable_configstore.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b727ddb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/configstore/1.1/default/disable_configstore.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.1 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.1
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+int main() {
+    return 1;
+}
diff --git a/confirmationui/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/confirmationui/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index fd088cd..c8b522c 100644
--- a/confirmationui/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/confirmationui/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -27,5 +27,5 @@
         "libcn-cbor",
         "android.hardware.confirmationui-support-lib",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/confirmationui/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalConfirmationUIV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/confirmationui/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalConfirmationUIV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 278d1f4..d953ab0 100644
--- a/confirmationui/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalConfirmationUIV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/confirmationui/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalConfirmationUIV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -26,8 +26,12 @@
 #include <android/hardware/confirmationui/1.0/types.h>
 #include <android/hardware/confirmationui/support/confirmationui_utils.h>
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
+
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <openssl/hmac.h>
 #include <openssl/sha.h>
@@ -199,43 +203,18 @@
     }
 };
 
-class ConfirmationUIHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static ConfirmationUIHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static ConfirmationUIHidlEnvironment* instance = new ConfirmationUIHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IConfirmationUI>(); }
-
-   private:
-    ConfirmationUIHidlEnvironment(){};
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ConfirmationUIHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class ConfirmationUIHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
-    void TearDown() override { confirmator().abort(); }
-
-    static void SetUpTestCase() {
-        string service_name =
-            ConfirmationUIHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IConfirmationUI>();
-        confirmator_ = IConfirmationUI::getService(service_name);
+class ConfirmationUIHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    void TearDown() override { confirmator_->abort(); }
+    void SetUp() override {
+        confirmator_ = IConfirmationUI::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, confirmator_.get());
     }
 
-    static void TearDownTestCase() { confirmator_.clear(); }
-
-    static IConfirmationUI& confirmator() { return *confirmator_; }
-
-   private:
-    static sp<IConfirmationUI> confirmator_;
+  protected:
+    sp<IConfirmationUI> confirmator_;
 };
 
-sp<IConfirmationUI> ConfirmationUIHidlTest::confirmator_;
-
 #define ASSERT_HAL_CALL(expected, call)                               \
     {                                                                 \
         auto result = call;                                           \
@@ -250,17 +229,17 @@
 typedef std::unique_ptr<cn_cbor, CnCborDeleter> CnCborPtr;
 
 // Simulates the User taping Ok
-TEST_F(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, UserOkTest) {
+TEST_P(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, UserOkTest) {
     static constexpr char test_prompt[] = "Me first, gimme gimme!";
     static constexpr uint8_t test_extra[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3};
     sp<ConfirmationTestCallback> conf_cb = new ConfirmationTestCallback;
     hidl_string prompt_text(test_prompt);
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> extra(test_extra, test_extra + 3);
     ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::OK,
-                    confirmator().promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
+                    confirmator_->promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
 
-    ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::OK, confirmator().deliverSecureInputEvent(
-                                          makeTestToken(TestModeCommands::OK_EVENT)));
+    ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::OK, confirmator_->deliverSecureInputEvent(
+                                              makeTestToken(TestModeCommands::OK_EVENT)));
 
     auto result = conf_cb->WaitForCallback();
     ASSERT_EQ(ResponseCode::OK, result.args->error_);
@@ -294,40 +273,40 @@
 }
 
 // Initiates a confirmation prompt with a message that is too long
-TEST_F(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, MessageTooLongTest) {
+TEST_P(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, MessageTooLongTest) {
     static constexpr uint8_t test_extra[static_cast<uint32_t>(MessageSize::MAX)] = {};
     static constexpr char test_prompt[] = "D\'oh!";
     sp<ConfirmationTestCallback> conf_cb = new ConfirmationTestCallback;
     hidl_string prompt_text(test_prompt);
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> extra(test_extra, test_extra + sizeof(test_extra));
     ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::UIErrorMessageTooLong,
-                    confirmator().promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
+                    confirmator_->promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
 }
 
 // If the message gets very long some HAL implementations might fail even before the message
 // reaches the trusted app implementation. But the HAL must still diagnose the correct error.
-TEST_F(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, MessageWayTooLongTest) {
+TEST_P(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, MessageWayTooLongTest) {
     static constexpr uint8_t test_extra[static_cast<uint32_t>(MessageSize::MAX) * 10] = {};
     static constexpr char test_prompt[] = "D\'oh!";
     sp<ConfirmationTestCallback> conf_cb = new ConfirmationTestCallback;
     hidl_string prompt_text(test_prompt);
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> extra(test_extra, test_extra + sizeof(test_extra));
     ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::UIErrorMessageTooLong,
-                    confirmator().promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
+                    confirmator_->promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
 }
 
 // Simulates the User tapping the Cancel
-TEST_F(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, UserCancelTest) {
+TEST_P(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, UserCancelTest) {
     static constexpr char test_prompt[] = "Me first, gimme gimme!";
     static constexpr uint8_t test_extra[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3};
     sp<ConfirmationTestCallback> conf_cb = new ConfirmationTestCallback;
     hidl_string prompt_text(test_prompt);
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> extra(test_extra, test_extra + 3);
     ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::OK,
-                    confirmator().promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
+                    confirmator_->promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
 
-    ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::OK, confirmator().deliverSecureInputEvent(
-                                          makeTestToken(TestModeCommands::CANCEL_EVENT)));
+    ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::OK, confirmator_->deliverSecureInputEvent(
+                                              makeTestToken(TestModeCommands::CANCEL_EVENT)));
 
     auto result = conf_cb->WaitForCallback();
     ASSERT_EQ(ResponseCode::Canceled, result.args->error_);
@@ -336,17 +315,103 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(0U, result.args->formattedMessage_.size());
 }
 
-// Simulates the framework candelling an ongoing prompt
-TEST_F(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, AbortTest) {
+// Simulates the framework cancelling an ongoing prompt
+TEST_P(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, AbortTest) {
     static constexpr char test_prompt[] = "Me first, gimme gimme!";
     static constexpr uint8_t test_extra[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3};
     sp<ConfirmationTestCallback> conf_cb = new ConfirmationTestCallback;
     hidl_string prompt_text(test_prompt);
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> extra(test_extra, test_extra + 3);
     ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::OK,
-                    confirmator().promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
+                    confirmator_->promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
 
-    confirmator().abort();
+    confirmator_->abort();
+
+    auto result = conf_cb->WaitForCallback();
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResponseCode::Aborted, result.args->error_);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, result.args->confirmationToken_.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, result.args->formattedMessage_.size());
+}
+
+// Tests if the confirmation dialog can successfully render 100 'W' characters as required by
+// the design guidelines.
+TEST_P(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, PortableMessageTest1) {
+    static constexpr char test_prompt[] =
+            "WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW"
+            "WWWWWWWWWWWWWW";
+    static constexpr uint8_t test_extra[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3};
+    sp<ConfirmationTestCallback> conf_cb = new ConfirmationTestCallback;
+    hidl_string prompt_text(test_prompt);
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> extra(test_extra, test_extra + 3);
+    ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::OK,
+                    confirmator_->promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
+
+    confirmator_->abort();
+
+    auto result = conf_cb->WaitForCallback();
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResponseCode::Aborted, result.args->error_);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, result.args->confirmationToken_.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, result.args->formattedMessage_.size());
+}
+
+// Tests if the confirmation dialog can successfully render 100 'W' characters as required by
+// the design guidelines in magnified mode.
+TEST_P(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, PortableMessageTest1Magnified) {
+    static constexpr char test_prompt[] =
+            "WWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWW"
+            "WWWWWWWWWWWWWW";
+    static constexpr uint8_t test_extra[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3};
+    sp<ConfirmationTestCallback> conf_cb = new ConfirmationTestCallback;
+    hidl_string prompt_text(test_prompt);
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> extra(test_extra, test_extra + 3);
+    ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::OK,
+                    confirmator_->promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en",
+                                                         {UIOption::AccessibilityMagnified}));
+
+    confirmator_->abort();
+
+    auto result = conf_cb->WaitForCallback();
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResponseCode::Aborted, result.args->error_);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, result.args->confirmationToken_.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, result.args->formattedMessage_.size());
+}
+
+// Tests if the confirmation dialog can successfully render 8 groups of 12 'W' characters as
+// required by the design guidelines.
+TEST_P(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, PortableMessageTest2) {
+    static constexpr char test_prompt[] =
+            "WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW "
+            "WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW";
+    static constexpr uint8_t test_extra[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3};
+    sp<ConfirmationTestCallback> conf_cb = new ConfirmationTestCallback;
+    hidl_string prompt_text(test_prompt);
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> extra(test_extra, test_extra + 3);
+    ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::OK,
+                    confirmator_->promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
+
+    confirmator_->abort();
+
+    auto result = conf_cb->WaitForCallback();
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResponseCode::Aborted, result.args->error_);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, result.args->confirmationToken_.size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(0U, result.args->formattedMessage_.size());
+}
+
+// Tests if the confirmation dialog can successfully render 8 groups of 12 'W' characters as
+// required by the design guidelines in magnified mode.
+TEST_P(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, PortableMessageTest2Magnified) {
+    static constexpr char test_prompt[] =
+            "WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW "
+            "WWWWWWWWWWWW WWWWWWWWWWWW";
+    static constexpr uint8_t test_extra[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3};
+    sp<ConfirmationTestCallback> conf_cb = new ConfirmationTestCallback;
+    hidl_string prompt_text(test_prompt);
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> extra(test_extra, test_extra + 3);
+    ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::OK,
+                    confirmator_->promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en",
+                                                         {UIOption::AccessibilityMagnified}));
+
+    confirmator_->abort();
 
     auto result = conf_cb->WaitForCallback();
     ASSERT_EQ(ResponseCode::Aborted, result.args->error_);
@@ -356,19 +421,19 @@
 
 // Passing malformed UTF-8 to the confirmation UI
 // This test passes a string that ends in the middle of a multibyte character
-TEST_F(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, MalformedUTF8Test1) {
+TEST_P(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, MalformedUTF8Test1) {
     static constexpr char test_prompt[] = {char(0xc0), 0};
     static constexpr uint8_t test_extra[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3};
     sp<ConfirmationTestCallback> conf_cb = new ConfirmationTestCallback;
     hidl_string prompt_text(test_prompt);
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> extra(test_extra, test_extra + 3);
     ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::UIErrorMalformedUTF8Encoding,
-                    confirmator().promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
+                    confirmator_->promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
 }
 
 // Passing malformed UTF-8 to the confirmation UI
 // This test passes a string with a 5-byte character.
-TEST_F(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, MalformedUTF8Test2) {
+TEST_P(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, MalformedUTF8Test2) {
     static constexpr char test_prompt[] = {char(0xf8), char(0x82), char(0x82),
                                            char(0x82), char(0x82), 0};
     static constexpr uint8_t test_extra[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3};
@@ -376,19 +441,19 @@
     hidl_string prompt_text(test_prompt);
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> extra(test_extra, test_extra + 3);
     ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::UIErrorMalformedUTF8Encoding,
-                    confirmator().promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
+                    confirmator_->promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
 }
 
 // Passing malformed UTF-8 to the confirmation UI
 // This test passes a string with a 2-byte character followed by a stray non UTF-8 character.
-TEST_F(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, MalformedUTF8Test3) {
+TEST_P(ConfirmationUIHidlTest, MalformedUTF8Test3) {
     static constexpr char test_prompt[] = {char(0xc0), char(0x82), char(0x83), 0};
     static constexpr uint8_t test_extra[] = {0x1, 0x2, 0x3};
     sp<ConfirmationTestCallback> conf_cb = new ConfirmationTestCallback;
     hidl_string prompt_text(test_prompt);
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> extra(test_extra, test_extra + 3);
     ASSERT_HAL_CALL(ResponseCode::UIErrorMalformedUTF8Encoding,
-                    confirmator().promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
+                    confirmator_->promptUserConfirmation(conf_cb, prompt_text, extra, "en", {}));
 }
 
 // Test the implementation of HMAC SHA 256 against a golden blob.
@@ -408,16 +473,13 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(expected, result.value());
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, ConfirmationUIHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IConfirmationUI::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
 }  // namespace test
 }  // namespace V1_0
 }  // namespace confirmationui
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    std::vector<std::string> positional_args;
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
diff --git a/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index aef0340..9e99c33 100644
--- a/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalContexthubV1_0TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: ["android.hardware.contexthub@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
-
diff --git a/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/OWNERS b/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/OWNERS
index 045cc4e..161b2f0 100644
--- a/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/OWNERS
+++ b/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/OWNERS
@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@
 stange@google.com
 
 #VTS team
-yim@google.com
+dshi@google.com
 trong@google.com
diff --git a/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalContexthubV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalContexthubV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 629477a..a1d173b 100644
--- a/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalContexthubV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalContexthubV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -16,13 +16,14 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "contexthub_hidl_hal_test"
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/hardware/contexthub/1.0/IContexthub.h>
 #include <android/hardware/contexthub/1.0/IContexthubCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/contexthub/1.0/types.h>
 #include <android/log.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 
 #include <cinttypes>
@@ -76,69 +77,44 @@
 }
 
 // Gets a list of valid hub IDs in the system
-std::vector<uint32_t> getHubIds() {
-  static std::vector<uint32_t> hubIds;
+std::vector<std::string> getHubIds(const std::string& service_name) {
+    std::vector<std::string> hubIds;
 
-  if (hubIds.size() == 0) {
-    sp<IContexthub> hubApi = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IContexthub>();
+    sp<IContexthub> hubApi = IContexthub::getService(service_name);
 
     if (hubApi != nullptr) {
-      for (const ContextHub& hub : getHubsSync(hubApi)) {
-        hubIds.push_back(hub.hubId);
-      }
+        for (const ContextHub& hub : getHubsSync(hubApi)) {
+            hubIds.push_back(std::to_string(hub.hubId));
+        }
     }
-  }
 
-  ALOGD("Running tests against all %zu reported hubs", hubIds.size());
-  return hubIds;
+    ALOGD("Running tests against all %zu reported hubs for service %s", hubIds.size(),
+          service_name.c_str());
+    return hubIds;
 }
 
-// Test environment for Contexthub HIDL HAL.
-class ContexthubHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
- public:
-  // get the test environment singleton
-  static ContexthubHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-    static ContexthubHidlEnvironment* instance = new ContexthubHidlEnvironment;
-    return instance;
-  }
+// Test fixture parameterized by hub ID, initializes the HAL and makes the context hub API handle
+// available.
+class ContexthubHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        hubApi = IContexthub::getService(std::get<0>(GetParam()));
+        ASSERT_NE(hubApi, nullptr);
 
-  virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IContexthub>(); }
- private:
-  ContexthubHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
+        // getHubs() must be called at least once for proper initialization of the
+        // HAL implementation
+        getHubsSync(hubApi);
+    }
 
-// Base test fixture that initializes the HAL and makes the context hub API
-// handle available
-class ContexthubHidlTestBase : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
- public:
-  virtual void SetUp() override {
-    hubApi = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IContexthub>(
-        ContexthubHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IContexthub>());
-    ASSERT_NE(hubApi, nullptr);
+    uint32_t getHubId() { return std::stoi(std::get<1>(GetParam())); }
 
-    // getHubs() must be called at least once for proper initialization of the
-    // HAL implementation
-    getHubsSync(hubApi);
-  }
+    Result registerCallback(sp<IContexthubCallback> cb) {
+        Result result = hubApi->registerCallback(getHubId(), cb);
+        ALOGD("Registered callback, result %" PRIu32, result);
+        return result;
+    }
 
-  virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-  sp<IContexthub> hubApi;
-};
-
-// Test fixture parameterized by hub ID
-class ContexthubHidlTest : public ContexthubHidlTestBase,
-                           public ::testing::WithParamInterface<uint32_t> {
- public:
-  uint32_t getHubId() {
-    return GetParam();
-  }
-
-  Result registerCallback(sp<IContexthubCallback> cb) {
-    Result result = hubApi->registerCallback(getHubId(), cb);
-    ALOGD("Registered callback, result %" PRIu32, result);
-    return result;
-  }
+    sp<IContexthub> hubApi;
 };
 
 // Base callback implementation that just logs all callbacks by default
@@ -202,24 +178,24 @@
 }
 
 // Ensures that the metadata reported in getHubs() is sane
-TEST_F(ContexthubHidlTestBase, TestGetHubs) {
-  hidl_vec<ContextHub> hubs = getHubsSync(hubApi);
-  ALOGD("System reports %zu hubs", hubs.size());
+TEST_P(ContexthubHidlTest, TestGetHubs) {
+    hidl_vec<ContextHub> hubs = getHubsSync(hubApi);
+    ALOGD("System reports %zu hubs", hubs.size());
 
-  for (const ContextHub& hub : hubs) {
-    ALOGD("Checking hub ID %" PRIu32, hub.hubId);
+    for (const ContextHub& hub : hubs) {
+        ALOGD("Checking hub ID %" PRIu32, hub.hubId);
 
-    EXPECT_FALSE(hub.name.empty());
-    EXPECT_FALSE(hub.vendor.empty());
-    EXPECT_FALSE(hub.toolchain.empty());
-    EXPECT_GT(hub.peakMips, 0);
-    EXPECT_GE(hub.stoppedPowerDrawMw, 0);
-    EXPECT_GE(hub.sleepPowerDrawMw, 0);
-    EXPECT_GT(hub.peakPowerDrawMw, 0);
+        EXPECT_FALSE(hub.name.empty());
+        EXPECT_FALSE(hub.vendor.empty());
+        EXPECT_FALSE(hub.toolchain.empty());
+        EXPECT_GT(hub.peakMips, 0);
+        EXPECT_GE(hub.stoppedPowerDrawMw, 0);
+        EXPECT_GE(hub.sleepPowerDrawMw, 0);
+        EXPECT_GT(hub.peakPowerDrawMw, 0);
 
-    // Minimum 128 byte MTU as required by CHRE API v1.0
-    EXPECT_GE(hub.maxSupportedMsgLen, UINT32_C(128));
-  }
+        // Minimum 128 byte MTU as required by CHRE API v1.0
+        EXPECT_GE(hub.maxSupportedMsgLen, UINT32_C(128));
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(ContexthubHidlTest, TestRegisterCallback) {
@@ -388,20 +364,28 @@
                                       cb->promise.get_future()));
 }
 
-// Parameterize all SingleContexthubTest tests against each valid hub ID
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(HubIdSpecificTests, ContexthubHidlTest,
-                        ::testing::ValuesIn(getHubIds()));
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(HubIdSpecificTests, ContexthubTxnTest,
-                        ::testing::ValuesIn(getHubIds()));
+// Return the test parameters of a vecter of tuples for all IContexthub services and each of its hub
+// id: <service name of IContexthub, hub id of the IContexthub service>
+static std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> get_parameters() {
+    std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> parameters;
+    std::vector<std::string> service_names =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IContexthub::descriptor);
+    for (const std::string& service_name : service_names) {
+        std::vector<std::string> ids = getHubIds(service_name);
+        for (const std::string& id : ids) {
+            parameters.push_back(std::make_tuple(service_name, id));
+        }
+    }
 
-} // anonymous namespace
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-  ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(ContexthubHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-  ContexthubHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-  int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-  ALOGI ("Test result = %d", status);
-  return status;
+    return parameters;
 }
 
+static std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> kTestParameters = get_parameters();
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(HubIdSpecificTests, ContexthubHidlTest, testing::ValuesIn(kTestParameters),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(HubIdSpecificTests, ContexthubTxnTest, testing::ValuesIn(kTestParameters),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
+}  // anonymous namespace
diff --git a/current.txt b/current.txt
index 4bf18fc..299bec8 100644
--- a/current.txt
+++ b/current.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 # Do not change this file except to add new interfaces. Changing
 # pre-existing interfaces will fail VTS and break framework-only OTAs
 
+# Test HALs
+
+717c17cd380bb48710dff601d1a03351d4ebc28028353d5d60489248f506523c android.hardware.tests.lazy@1.0::ILazy
+
 # HALs released in Android O
 
 f219c3b5b8c6cb1d659d4c7328f67246abfe1a8613f469826fd3b9ad090417a2 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IDevice
@@ -298,7 +302,13 @@
 3661fa0623056922fdc4235ac5a9c91a2d066ab6f1ab4297e3b240fe302ba500 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IPresetReverbEffect
 e88e520f8c98a62fccd8d5316c6687808f775de145d1405a7a9a66587ee6a001 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IVirtualizerEffect
 fe28829dab10d171783b79ac9cc45412739f8ff275e90228d7c6370ef189b859 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IVisualizerEffect
-21c8a702579356480236c6851b5b2c16b9bd369ce12bdd6ffdc4626a89f34f73  android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::types
+21c8a702579356480236c6851b5b2c16b9bd369ce12bdd6ffdc4626a89f34f73 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::types
+a0f93c768c353cecee6237fe479bce47404eb10b629fafe07e32a054fd67f2af android.hardware.automotive.audiocontrol@1.0::IAudioControl
+f2904a4c108ad1b93eb2fa4e43b82bd01ce1ff26156316e49d1d9fc80dfecaad android.hardware.automotive.evs@1.0::IEvsCamera
+94cba6ad04c83aa840de2ed52b74ba2126a26dd960225e61ac36703315279a80 android.hardware.automotive.evs@1.0::IEvsCameraStream
+5ea36fb043d9e3b413219de3dfd7b046b48af4fda39f167f3528652e986cb76d android.hardware.automotive.evs@1.0::IEvsDisplay
+b15c5d8f28be4f0469c11d184ebca616895f109d553a6c31018789d8c1bc0ac5 android.hardware.automotive.evs@1.0::IEvsEnumerator
+3b17c1fdfc389e0abe626c37054954b07201127d890c2bc05d47613ec1f4de4f android.hardware.automotive.evs@1.0::types
 42a06dc288f61b0690580f3d37b30b663c31d74d50bb58d0772386b550d5faab android.hardware.authsecret@1.0::IAuthSecret
 32cc50cc2a7658ec613c0c2dd2accbf6a05113b749852879e818b8b7b438db19 android.hardware.bluetooth.a2dp@1.0::IBluetoothAudioHost
 ff4be64d7992f8bec97dff37f35450e79b3430c61f85f54322ce45bef229dc3b android.hardware.bluetooth.a2dp@1.0::IBluetoothAudioOffload
@@ -574,31 +584,75 @@
 # ABI preserving changes to HALs during Android R
 b69a7615c508acf5c5201efd1bfa3262167874fc3594e2db5a3ff93addd8ac75 android.hardware.keymaster@4.0::IKeymasterDevice
 eb2fa0c883c2185d514be0b84c179b283753ef0c1b77b45b4f359bd23bba8b75 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IPreparedModel
-f1109cbb10297b7429a11fab42afa912710b303c9bf20bd5cdb8bd57b9c84186 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::types
-9d8ee57c490ffeaa28f702eaea8d198cb510e4bbfb99e6cb5f63e73341057c7c android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.1::types
+8eac60e1f724d141c71c69f06d4544acb720a55dfbbcd97fa01bb3d25ee4e2f5 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::types
+5f6d3097ba84cb63c430787123f4de1b31c11f90b531b98eae9a8623a5ae962a android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.1::types
 fb382e986c10b8fbb797a8546e8f9ea6d1107bfe6f3fb7e57f6bbbf1f807a906 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2::IDevice
 40e71cd693de5b832325c5d8f081f2ff20a7ba2b89d401cee5b4b3eb0e241681 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2::IPreparedModel
-71c0f7127335e5b74d1615d5e7f129831b43ffbae5318ad0924d7d8d8910a859 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2::types
+00649d29680f2c47edf60000c3ae7ae906ba638f0616947147e3676a83cf36fa android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2::types
 a785a57447a81e9c130eef6904c3a5c256076c6a04588c40620ebd6fa2660d77 android.hardware.radio@1.2::types
 1a6e2bd289f22931c526b21916910f1d4c436b7acb9556e4243de4ce8e6cc2e4 android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::ISoundTriggerHwCallback
 fd65298e1e09e0e3c781ab18305920d757dbe55a3b459ce17814ec5cf6dfee99 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiP2pIface
 
 # HALs released in Android R
-79e115c8f8970b8b914bafc66df5425e065fda4dcda97222966ef12451d2a1cc android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1::IBluetoothHci
+e966a3437d6a98d9d9e14e9d672088771716031900c0deb55a0946c751a03a44 android.hardware.audio@6.0::types
+4540d12fe1cea996f21bd1712d4ae0906dcbd58177dac494efc605b004902d43 android.hardware.audio@6.0::IDevice
+2402876cbc23c0de3690a665eca84fd3857d1808dba5cad25ce272f81ecef8c9 android.hardware.audio@6.0::IDevicesFactory
+bca5379d5065e2e08b6ad7308ffc8a71a972fc0698bec678ea32eea786d01cb5 android.hardware.audio@6.0::IPrimaryDevice
+7318b521ea12fdd4b6e3f381085c71784c810d1ec7a8d701ec2250f3f86712e4 android.hardware.audio@6.0::IStream
+2df5d5866b37776f25079c0e54b54350a2abe4e025a59c9e02a7d3abe8ca00e8 android.hardware.audio@6.0::IStreamIn
+78e4138cc8307c11fc777c3bd376e581ba4ba48196b05ca1d7cdfa515c87b48a android.hardware.audio@6.0::IStreamOut
+997fdaad7a9d17ee7e01feb7031a753e2365e72ad30b11d950e9183fabdf3844 android.hardware.audio@6.0::IStreamOutCallback
+b495a43bd6ff0c34a391824b0ba1a3f3f34b4a869690611a9a0afc404d75aa84 android.hardware.audio.common@6.0::types
+817930d58412d662cb45e641c50cb62c727e4a3e3ffe7029a53cad9677b97d58 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::types
+525bec6b44f1103869c269a128d51b8dccd73af5340ba863c8886c68357c7faf android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IAcousticEchoCancelerEffect
+8d76bbe3719d051a8e9a1dcf9244f37f5b0a491feb249fa48391edf7cb4f3131 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IAutomaticGainControlEffect
+461b1114cb35d89f87e5694e0792ba53c112a7fa9a14d9b95188cf9c4764be23 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IBassBoostEffect
+8bc597d166e07e9eba633267fc2872c4c53d13d3f0025b778c98e13324a165de android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IDownmixEffect
+9ee022c81e79da6051fde0836c1c1c4d5414e0c9a6cccc0ce17a90346ceb1391 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IEffect
+75c99a70577d543359910a0b378bcbf5a0d6076712e58e6864cd8803f76c8684 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IEffectBufferProviderCallback
+b138d519696f23af2c7cb92c532178c35f4b3a5c1b689260b1c308fe00249f8b android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IEffectsFactory
+dd377f404a8e71f6191d295e10067db629b0f0c28e594af906f2bea5d87fe2cc android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IEnvironmentalReverbEffect
+455e085e136767302ec34d02b51a085c310e79bf500b76dda7c96a7f3637f11a android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IEqualizerEffect
+24b5e107a0cbd2b322f764a4d5f7fb8b5d8c337a060b9a4a26b9af050c57b5d0 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::ILoudnessEnhancerEffect
+4aae0a13f53a8ce20fad372de2d1d864a0bae194b0f1b1d2c090367af8615af2 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::INoiseSuppressionEffect
+5237c42d3913ef569f07bec802568084b615155d05a7951e75085da54856508c android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IPresetReverbEffect
+282193799d60bff27a84c65a36218c1e7d8f582f5828e2e059383d1b90aa56bd android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IVirtualizerEffect
+0868e00f7c5ee16723bda1a8f57099763d04100ae7126a1c2d3a9a87c844a7e8 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IVisualizerEffect
+362fd1c21641c2224f3b80c30d9797b988fa3f344243d531ba73c553779a5763 android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1::IBluetoothHci
 40ab2c6866c18d32baf6e49e3053949e79601f56963a791e93e68b9ee18f718d android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1::IBluetoothHciCallbacks
 07d0a252b2d8fa35887908a996ba395cf392968395fc30afab791f46e0c22a52 android.hardware.boot@1.1::IBootControl
 74049a402be913963edfdd80828a53736570e9d8124a1bf18166b6ed46a6b0ab android.hardware.boot@1.1::types
+d9df99be0f59d8f33a9699fe316c67bfd11818aa69440bb1123ba43e717cea85 android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1::types
+186bc152ae189ab48f3a761a44ddf5edd0d483073c5b6ca1f802f8b50488b754 android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1::IDumpstateDevice
 ce8dbe76eb9ee94b46ef98f725be992e760a5751073d4f4912484026541371f3 android.hardware.health@2.1::IHealth
 26f04510a0b57aba5167c5c0a7c2f077c2acbb98b81902a072517829fd9fd67f android.hardware.health@2.1::IHealthInfoCallback
-db47f4ceceb1f06c656f39caa70c557b0f8471ef59fd58611bea667ffca20101 android.hardware.health@2.1::types
-c228aaa27f66c48e147159a4f4996c5273191fece1b08de31bd171c61334855e android.hardware.keymaster@4.1::IKeymasterDevice
+e2f8bc1868fd4a3fd587c172773ea5a8c2f5a3deaf7958394102ca455252b255 android.hardware.health@2.1::types
+0589e410f519e36514e7ece18f283f022df0f70efd2c12821d822f67f74aba98 android.hardware.identity@1.0::types
+bbeee9604128ede83ee755b67e73b5ad29e6e1dbac9ec41fea6ffe2745b0c50a android.hardware.identity@1.0::IIdentityCredential
+96ce8aad80f4c476f25261f790d357c117e79e18474c7dadd850dac704bbe65e android.hardware.identity@1.0::IIdentityCredentialStore
+8da9c938e58f7d636ddd2f92c646f99d9a9e79612e6441b6380ab12744251873 android.hardware.identity@1.0::IWritableIdentityCredential
+27ae3724053940462114228872b3ffaf0b8e6177d5ba97f5a76339d12b8a99dd android.hardware.keymaster@4.1::IKeymasterDevice
 adb0efdf1462e9b2e742c0dcadd598666aac551f178be06e755bfcdf5797abd0 android.hardware.keymaster@4.1::IOperation
-7a04ea5595ed418ca3e91c28b8bd7353dd988be9be7b0c8c9e64fb4b77bd4523 android.hardware.keymaster@4.1::types
-9e59fffceed0dd72a9799e04505db5f777bbbea1af0695ba4107ef6d967c6fda android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IDevice
-4a6c3b3556da951b4def21ba579a227c022980fe4465df6cdfbe20628fa75f5a android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IPreparedModel
-94e803236398bed1febb11cc21051bc42ec003700139b099d6c479e02a7ca3c3 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IPreparedModelCallback
-b74fe72cfe438f50e772e6a307657ff449d5bde83c15dd1f140ff2edbe73499c android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::types
-274fb1254a6d1a97824ec5c880eeefc0e410dc6d3a2a4c34052201169d2b7de0 android.hardware.radio@1.5::types
-c8e81d912827a5d49b2ddcdc4eb4556c5d231a899a1dca879309e04210daa4a0 android.hardware.radio@1.5::IRadio
-a62a93faf173b14a6175b683ebf61ffa568dc61f81e369d2dce7b1265e86cf2f android.hardware.radio@1.5::IRadioIndication
-260ce05806d753d728f844d405e832179ed7d9b65986ec18fef3d21cf7285587 android.hardware.radio@1.5::IRadioResponse
\ No newline at end of file
+ddcf89cd8ee2df0d32aee55050826446fb64f7aafde0a7cd946c64f61b1a364c android.hardware.keymaster@4.1::types
+65c16331e57f6dd68b3971f06f78fe9e3209afb60630c31705aa355f9a52bf0d android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IBuffer
+278817920bfd5292a7713f97f1832cca53de3de640f7670e413d97c6e7fd581c android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IDevice
+127ba11efb8220dc3aec9a8f441b59eaf1c68d7f03f577833e1824de75a36b17 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IExecutionCallback
+6e904be0ddca5ae1de8eba020e6c38ed935ea7d80cd08f47787f137a0ca58555 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IFencedExecutionCallback
+2b0b10d2ea7a18a4048cd0eb83d35c19a817aeee95f65807fc31f4ef21381397 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IPreparedModel
+eee3430cc86c97c7b407495863d8fb61da6f1a64b7721e77b9b4909b11b174e9 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IPreparedModelCallback
+c9320b04ec302624985180a02d591bea5e435601fc411a6cabb58878e4e1ad68 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::types
+3e01d4446cd69fd1c48f8572efd97487bc179564b32bd795800b97bbe10be37b android.hardware.wifi@1.4::IWifi
+a64467bae843569f0d465c5be7f0c7a5b987985b55a3ef4794dd5afc68538650 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.3::ISupplicant
+44445b8a03d7b9e68b2fbd954672c18a8fce9e32851b0692f4f4ab3407f86ecb android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.3::ISupplicantStaIface
+619fc9839ec6e369cfa9b28e3e9412e6885720ff8f9b5750c1b6ffb905120391 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.3::ISupplicantStaIfaceCallback
+c9273429fcf98d797d3bb07fdba6f1be95bf960f9255cde169fd1ca4db85f856 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.3::ISupplicantStaNetwork
+9b0a3ab6f4f74b971ed094426d8a443e29b512ff03e1ab50c07156396cdb2483 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.3::types
+6b8dcd5e3e33a524cc7ebb14671a76ad3a2d333467397ce82acc4024346386f8 android.hardware.radio@1.5::types
+b454df853441c12f6e425e8a60dd29fda20f5e6e39b93d1103e4b37495db38aa android.hardware.radio@1.5::IRadio
+fcbb0742a88215ee7a6d7ce0825d253eb2b50391fc6c8c48667f9fd7f6d4549e android.hardware.radio@1.5::IRadioIndication
+b809193970a91ca637a4b0184767315601d32e3ef3d5992ffbc7a8d14a14f015 android.hardware.radio@1.5::IRadioResponse
+
+# ABI preserving changes to HALs during Android S
+
+# HALs released in Android S
+# NOTE: new HALs are recommended to be in AIDL
diff --git a/drm/1.0/Android.bp b/drm/1.0/Android.bp
index a950c57..9049af2 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/Android.bp
+++ b/drm/1.0/Android.bp
@@ -17,5 +17,5 @@
     interfaces: [
         "android.hidl.base@1.0",
     ],
-    gen_java: false,
+    gen_java: true,
 }
diff --git a/drm/1.0/default/CryptoPlugin.cpp b/drm/1.0/default/CryptoPlugin.cpp
index 666653b..2db3607 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/default/CryptoPlugin.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.0/default/CryptoPlugin.cpp
@@ -101,11 +101,20 @@
         std::unique_ptr<android::CryptoPlugin::SubSample[]> legacySubSamples =
                 std::make_unique<android::CryptoPlugin::SubSample[]>(subSamples.size());
 
+        size_t destSize = 0;
         for (size_t i = 0; i < subSamples.size(); i++) {
-            legacySubSamples[i].mNumBytesOfClearData
-                = subSamples[i].numBytesOfClearData;
-            legacySubSamples[i].mNumBytesOfEncryptedData
-                = subSamples[i].numBytesOfEncryptedData;
+            uint32_t numBytesOfClearData = subSamples[i].numBytesOfClearData;
+            legacySubSamples[i].mNumBytesOfClearData = numBytesOfClearData;
+            uint32_t numBytesOfEncryptedData = subSamples[i].numBytesOfEncryptedData;
+            legacySubSamples[i].mNumBytesOfEncryptedData = numBytesOfEncryptedData;
+            if (__builtin_add_overflow(destSize, numBytesOfClearData, &destSize)) {
+                _hidl_cb(Status::BAD_VALUE, 0, "subsample clear size overflow");
+                return Void();
+            }
+            if (__builtin_add_overflow(destSize, numBytesOfEncryptedData, &destSize)) {
+                _hidl_cb(Status::BAD_VALUE, 0, "subsample encrypted size overflow");
+                return Void();
+            }
         }
 
         AString detailMessage;
@@ -137,11 +146,25 @@
                 _hidl_cb(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, 0, "invalid buffer size");
                 return Void();
             }
+
+            if (destSize > destBuffer.size) {
+                _hidl_cb(Status::BAD_VALUE, 0, "subsample sum too large");
+                return Void();
+            }
+
+            base = static_cast<uint8_t *>(static_cast<void *>(destBase->getPointer()));
             destPtr = static_cast<void *>(base + destination.nonsecureMemory.offset);
         } else if (destination.type == BufferType::NATIVE_HANDLE) {
+            if (!secure) {
+                _hidl_cb(Status::BAD_VALUE, 0, "native handle destination must be secure");
+                return Void();
+            }
             native_handle_t *handle = const_cast<native_handle_t *>(
                     destination.secureMemory.getNativeHandle());
             destPtr = static_cast<void *>(handle);
+        } else {
+            _hidl_cb(Status::BAD_VALUE, 0, "invalid destination type");
+            return Void();
         }
         ssize_t result = mLegacyPlugin->decrypt(secure, keyId.data(), iv.data(),
                 legacyMode, legacyPattern, srcPtr, legacySubSamples.get(),
diff --git a/drm/1.0/default/OWNERS b/drm/1.0/default/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecb421c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/default/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+edwinwong@google.com
+fredgc@google.com
+jtinker@google.com
+kylealexander@google.com
+rfrias@google.com
+robertshih@google.com
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/OWNERS b/drm/1.0/vts/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecb421c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+edwinwong@google.com
+fredgc@google.com
+jtinker@google.com
+kylealexander@google.com
+rfrias@google.com
+robertshih@google.com
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 61d4d58..e4d3393 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -14,23 +14,92 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //
 
-cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalDrmV1_0TargetTest",
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "libdrmvtshelper",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    local_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "vendor_modules.cpp",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+}
+
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "android.hardware.drm@1.0-vts",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    local_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
     srcs: [
         "drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp",
         "drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp",
-        "vendor_modules.cpp"
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
+        "libcrypto",
+        "libhidlmemory",
+        "libnativehelper",
     ],
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
         "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
+        "libdrmvtshelper",
+    ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
         "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
         "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
         "libhidlmemory",
         "libnativehelper",
-        "libssl",
-        "libcrypto_static",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalDrmV1_0TargetTest",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "drm_hal_test_main.cpp",
+    ],
+    whole_static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-vts",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
+        "libcrypto",
+        "libhidlmemory",
+        "libnativehelper",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
+        "libdrmvtshelper",
+    ],
+    arch: {
+        arm: {
+            data: [":libvtswidevine-arm-prebuilts"],
+        },
+        arm64: {
+            data: [":libvtswidevine-arm64-prebuilts"],
+        },
+        x86: {
+            data: [":libvtswidevine-x86-prebuilts"],
+        },
+        x86_64: {
+            data: [":libvtswidevine-x86_64-prebuilts"],
+        },
+    },
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92ea7e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalDrmV1_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer"/>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="VtsHalDrmV1_0TargetTest" value="/data/local/tmp/VtsHalDrmV1_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="libvtswidevine64.so" value="/data/local/tmp/64/lib/libvtswidevine.so" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="libvtswidevine32.so" value="/data/local/tmp/32/lib/libvtswidevine.so" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalDrmV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp
index 4a1892b..ebdc2d7 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp
@@ -16,117 +16,31 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "drm_hal_clearkey_test@1.0"
 
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/types.h>
-#include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
-#include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
-#include <log/log.h>
-#include <memory>
 #include <openssl/aes.h>
 #include <random>
 
-#include "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h"
-
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::BufferType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::DestinationBuffer;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoFactory;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoPlugin;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::IDrmFactory;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::IDrmPlugin;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyedVector;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyValue;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyRequestType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Mode;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Pattern;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStop;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStopId;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SessionId;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SharedBuffer;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Status;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SubSample;
-
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_memory;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
-using ::android::hardware::Return;
-using ::android::hidl::allocator::V1_0::IAllocator;
-using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
-using ::android::sp;
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h"
 
 using std::string;
-using std::unique_ptr;
 using std::random_device;
 using std::map;
 using std::mt19937;
 using std::vector;
 
-/**
- * These clearkey tests use white box knowledge of the legacy clearkey
- * plugin to verify that the HIDL HAL services and interfaces are working.
- * It is not intended to verify any vendor's HAL implementation. If you
- * are looking for vendor HAL tests, see drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
- */
-#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
-#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
-
-static const uint8_t kCommonPsshBoxUUID[16] = {
-    0x10, 0x77, 0xEF, 0xEC, 0xC0, 0xB2, 0x4D, 0x02,
-    0xAC, 0xE3, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x52, 0xE2, 0xFB, 0x4B};
-
-// To be used in mpd to specify drm scheme for players
-static const uint8_t kClearKeyUUID[16] = {
-    0xE2, 0x71, 0x9D, 0x58, 0xA9, 0x85, 0xB3, 0xC9,
-    0x78, 0x1A, 0xB0, 0x30, 0xAF, 0x78, 0xD3, 0x0E};
-
 static const uint8_t kInvalidUUID[16] = {
     0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40, 0x50, 0x60, 0x70, 0x80,
     0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40, 0x50, 0x60, 0x70, 0x80};
 
-class DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
-    virtual void SetUp() override {
-        const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
-                ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
-        ALOGD("Running test %s.%s", test_info->test_case_name(),
-              test_info->name());
-
-        drmFactory =
-                ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IDrmFactory>();
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmFactory.get());
-        cryptoFactory =
-                ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>();
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cryptoFactory.get());
-    }
-
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-   protected:
-    sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory;
-    sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory;
-};
-
-/**
- * Ensure the factory supports both Common Pssh Box UUID and Clearkey Scheme UUID
- */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, ClearKeyPluginSupported) {
-    EXPECT_TRUE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kCommonPsshBoxUUID));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kCommonPsshBoxUUID));
-
-    EXPECT_TRUE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kClearKeyUUID));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kClearKeyUUID));
-}
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace drm {
+namespace V1_0 {
+namespace vts {
 
 /**
  * Ensure the factory doesn't support an invalid scheme UUID
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, InvalidPluginNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, InvalidPluginNotSupported) {
     EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kInvalidUUID));
     EXPECT_FALSE(cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kInvalidUUID));
 }
@@ -134,7 +48,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure the factory doesn't support an empty UUID
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, EmptyPluginUUIDNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, EmptyPluginUUIDNotSupported) {
     hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> emptyUUID;
     memset(emptyUUID.data(), 0, 16);
     EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(emptyUUID));
@@ -144,7 +58,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure empty content type is not supported
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, EmptyContentTypeNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, EmptyContentTypeNotSupported) {
     hidl_string empty;
     EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isContentTypeSupported(empty));
 }
@@ -152,7 +66,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure invalid content type is not supported
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, InvalidContentTypeNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, InvalidContentTypeNotSupported) {
     hidl_string invalid("abcdabcd");
     EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isContentTypeSupported(invalid));
 }
@@ -160,7 +74,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure valid content type is supported
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, ValidContentTypeSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, ValidContentTypeSupported) {
     hidl_string cencType("cenc");
     EXPECT_TRUE(drmFactory->isContentTypeSupported(cencType));
 }
@@ -168,7 +82,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure clearkey drm plugin can be created using Common Pssh Box UUID
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyDrmPluginUsingCommonPsshBoxUuid) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyDrmPluginUsingCommonPsshBoxUuid) {
     hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
     auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
             kCommonPsshBoxUUID, packageName,
@@ -182,7 +96,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure clearkey drm plugin can be created using ClearKey UUID
  */
- TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyDrmPluginUsingClearKeyUuid) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyDrmPluginUsingClearKeyUuid) {
     hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
     auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
             kClearKeyUUID, packageName,
@@ -196,7 +110,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure clearkey crypto plugin can be created using Common Pssh Box UUID
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyCryptoPluginUsingCommonPsshBoxUuid) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyCryptoPluginUsingCommonPsshBoxUuid) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
     auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
             kCommonPsshBoxUUID, initVec,
@@ -210,7 +124,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure clearkey crypto plugin can be created using ClearKey UUID
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyCryptoPluginUsingClearKeyUuid) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyCryptoPluginUsingClearKeyUuid) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
     auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
             kClearKeyUUID, initVec,
@@ -224,7 +138,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure invalid drm plugin can't be created
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateInvalidDrmPlugin) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateInvalidDrmPlugin) {
     hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
     auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
             kInvalidUUID, packageName,
@@ -238,7 +152,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure invalid crypto plugin can't be created
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateInvalidCryptoPlugin) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateInvalidCryptoPlugin) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
     auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
             kInvalidUUID, initVec,
@@ -249,46 +163,6 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-class DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest : public DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest {
-   public:
-    virtual void SetUp() override {
-        // Create factories
-        DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest::SetUp();
-
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmFactory.get());
-        hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
-        auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
-                kClearKeyUUID, packageName,
-                [this](Status status, const sp<IDrmPlugin>& plugin) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
-                    drmPlugin = plugin;
-                });
-        ASSERT_OK(res);
-
-        hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
-        res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
-                kClearKeyUUID, initVec,
-                [this](Status status, const sp<ICryptoPlugin>& plugin) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
-                    cryptoPlugin = plugin;
-                });
-        ASSERT_OK(res);
-    }
-
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-    SessionId openSession();
-    void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
-    hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId, const KeyType& type);
-    sp<IMemory> getDecryptMemory(size_t size, size_t index);
-
-   protected:
-    sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
-    sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
-};
-
 /**
  *  DrmPlugin tests
  */
@@ -298,7 +172,7 @@
  * the clearkey plugin doesn't support provisioning, it is
  * expected to return Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetProvisionRequest) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetProvisionRequest) {
     hidl_string certificateType;
     hidl_string certificateAuthority;
     auto res = drmPlugin->getProvisionRequest(
@@ -314,7 +188,7 @@
  * The DRM HAL should return BAD_VALUE if an empty provisioning
  * response is provided.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideEmptyProvisionResponse) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideEmptyProvisionResponse) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> response;
     auto res = drmPlugin->provideProvisionResponse(
             response, [&](Status status, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&,
@@ -412,7 +286,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that a session can be opened and closed
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, OpenCloseSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, OpenCloseSession) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     closeSession(sessionId);
 }
@@ -421,7 +295,7 @@
  * Test that attempting to close an invalid (empty) sessionId
  * is prohibited with the documented error code.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, CloseInvalidSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, CloseInvalidSession) {
     SessionId invalidSessionId;
     Status result = drmPlugin->closeSession(invalidSessionId);
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::BAD_VALUE, result);
@@ -431,7 +305,7 @@
  * Test that attempting to close a session that is already closed
  * is prohibited with the documented error code.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, CloseClosedSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, CloseClosedSession) {
     SessionId sessionId = openSession();
     closeSession(sessionId);
     Status result = drmPlugin->closeSession(sessionId);
@@ -441,7 +315,7 @@
 /**
  * A get key request should fail if no sessionId is provided
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetKeyRequestNoSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetKeyRequestNoSession) {
     SessionId invalidSessionId;
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initData;
     hidl_string mimeType = "video/mp4";
@@ -459,7 +333,7 @@
  * Test that the plugin returns the expected error code in
  * this case.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetKeyRequestOfflineKeyTypeNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetKeyRequestOfflineKeyTypeNotSupported) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initData;
     hidl_string mimeType = "video/mp4";
@@ -481,7 +355,7 @@
  * case of attempting to generate a key request using an
  * invalid mime type
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetKeyRequestBadMime) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetKeyRequestBadMime) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initData;
     hidl_string mimeType = "video/unknown";
@@ -499,7 +373,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that a closed sessionID returns SESSION_NOT_OPENED
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideKeyResponseClosedSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideKeyResponseClosedSession) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     closeSession(session);
 
@@ -517,7 +391,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that an empty sessionID returns BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideKeyResponseInvalidSessionId) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideKeyResponseInvalidSessionId) {
     SessionId session;
 
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keyResponse = {0x7b, 0x22, 0x6b, 0x65,
@@ -534,7 +408,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that an empty key response returns BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideKeyResponseEmptyResponse) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideKeyResponseEmptyResponse) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> emptyResponse;
     auto res = drmPlugin->provideKeyResponse(
@@ -550,7 +424,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that a removeKeys on an empty sessionID returns BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RemoveKeysEmptySessionId) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RemoveKeysEmptySessionId) {
     SessionId sessionId;
     Status status = drmPlugin->removeKeys(sessionId);
     EXPECT_TRUE(status == Status::BAD_VALUE);
@@ -559,7 +433,7 @@
 /**
  * Remove keys is not supported for clearkey.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RemoveKeysNewSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RemoveKeysNewSession) {
     SessionId sessionId = openSession();
     Status status = drmPlugin->removeKeys(sessionId);
     // Clearkey plugin doesn't support remove keys
@@ -571,7 +445,7 @@
  * Test that ClearKey cannot handle key restoring.
  * Expected message is Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RestoreKeysCannotHandle) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RestoreKeysCannotHandle) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keySetId = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1};
     SessionId sessionId = openSession();
     Status status = drmPlugin->restoreKeys(sessionId, keySetId);
@@ -583,7 +457,7 @@
  * Test that restoreKeys fails with a null key set ID.
  * Error message is expected to be Status::BAD_VALUE.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RestoreKeysNull) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RestoreKeysNull) {
     SessionId sessionId = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> nullKeySetId;
     Status status = drmPlugin->restoreKeys(sessionId, nullKeySetId);
@@ -595,7 +469,7 @@
  * Test that the clearkey plugin doesn't support getting
  * secure stops.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetSecureStops) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetSecureStops) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getSecureStops(
             [&](Status status, const hidl_vec<SecureStop>&) {
                 // Clearkey plugin doesn't support secure stops
@@ -608,7 +482,7 @@
  * Test that the clearkey plugin returns BAD_VALUE if
  * an empty ssid is provided.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetSecureStopEmptySSID) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetSecureStopEmptySSID) {
     SecureStopId ssid;
     auto res = drmPlugin->getSecureStop(
             ssid, [&](Status status, const SecureStop&) {
@@ -621,7 +495,7 @@
  * Test that releasing all secure stops isn't handled by
  * clearkey.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ReleaseAllSecureStops) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ReleaseAllSecureStops) {
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE,
               drmPlugin->releaseAllSecureStops());
 }
@@ -630,7 +504,7 @@
  * Test that releasing a specific secure stop with an empty
  * SSID returns BAD_VALUE.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ReleaseSecureStopEmptySSID) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ReleaseSecureStopEmptySSID) {
     SecureStopId ssid;
     Status status = drmPlugin->releaseSecureStop(ssid);
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::BAD_VALUE, status);
@@ -641,7 +515,7 @@
  * defined in the MediaDrm API are supported by
  * the plugin.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetVendorProperty) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetVendorProperty) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getPropertyString(
             "vendor", [&](Status status, const hidl_string& value) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
@@ -650,7 +524,7 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetVersionProperty) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetVersionProperty) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getPropertyString(
             "version", [&](Status status, const hidl_string& value) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
@@ -659,7 +533,7 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetDescriptionProperty) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetDescriptionProperty) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getPropertyString(
             "description", [&](Status status, const hidl_string& value) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
@@ -668,7 +542,7 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetAlgorithmsProperty) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetAlgorithmsProperty) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getPropertyString(
             "algorithms", [&](Status status, const hidl_string& value) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
@@ -681,7 +555,7 @@
  * Test that attempting to read invalid string and byte array
  * properties returns the documented error code.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetInvalidStringProperty) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetInvalidStringProperty) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getPropertyString(
             "invalid", [&](Status status, const hidl_string&) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, status);
@@ -689,7 +563,7 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetByteArrayPropertyNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetByteArrayPropertyNotSupported) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getPropertyByteArray(
             "deviceUniqueId", [&](Status status, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, status);
@@ -701,12 +575,12 @@
  * Clearkey doesn't support setting string or byte array properties,
  * particularly an undefined one.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetStringPropertyNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetStringPropertyNotSupported) {
     Status status = drmPlugin->setPropertyString("property", "value");
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, status);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetByteArrayPropertyNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetByteArrayPropertyNotSupported) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> value;
     Status status = drmPlugin->setPropertyByteArray("property", value);
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, status);
@@ -715,7 +589,7 @@
 /**
  * Clearkey doesn't support setting cipher algorithms, verify it
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetCipherAlgorithmNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetCipherAlgorithmNotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_string algorithm = "AES/CBC/NoPadding";
     Status status = drmPlugin->setCipherAlgorithm(session, algorithm);
@@ -726,7 +600,7 @@
 /**
  * Setting an empty algorithm should return BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetCipherEmptyAlgorithm) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetCipherEmptyAlgorithm) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_string algorithm;
     Status status = drmPlugin->setCipherAlgorithm(session, algorithm);
@@ -737,7 +611,7 @@
 /**
  * Setting a cipher algorithm with no session returns BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetCipherAlgorithmNoSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetCipherAlgorithmNoSession) {
     SessionId session;
     hidl_string algorithm = "AES/CBC/NoPadding";
     Status status = drmPlugin->setCipherAlgorithm(session, algorithm);
@@ -747,7 +621,7 @@
 /**
  * Clearkey doesn't support setting mac algorithms, verify it
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMacAlgorithmNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMacAlgorithmNotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_string algorithm = "HmacSHA256";
     Status status = drmPlugin->setMacAlgorithm(session, algorithm);
@@ -758,7 +632,7 @@
 /**
  * Setting an empty algorithm should return BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMacEmptyAlgorithm) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMacEmptyAlgorithm) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_string algorithm;
     Status status = drmPlugin->setMacAlgorithm(session, algorithm);
@@ -769,7 +643,7 @@
 /**
  * Setting a mac algorithm with no session should return BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMacAlgorithmNoSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMacAlgorithmNoSession) {
     SessionId session;
     hidl_string algorithm = "HmacSHA256";
     Status status = drmPlugin->setMacAlgorithm(session, algorithm);
@@ -786,7 +660,7 @@
  *
  * Clearkey doesn't support generic encrypt/decrypt/sign/verify.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericEncryptNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericEncryptNotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
 
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keyId = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1};
@@ -801,7 +675,7 @@
     closeSession(session);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericDecryptNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericDecryptNotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keyId = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1};
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> input = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
@@ -815,7 +689,7 @@
     closeSession(session);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericSignNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericSignNotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
 
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keyId = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1};
@@ -829,7 +703,7 @@
     closeSession(session);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericVerifyNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericVerifyNotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
 
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keyId = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1};
@@ -844,7 +718,7 @@
     closeSession(session);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericSignRSANotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericSignRSANotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_string algorithm = "RSASSA-PSS-SHA1";
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> message = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
@@ -867,14 +741,14 @@
  * Clearkey doesn't support secure decoder and is expected to
  * return false.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RequiresSecureDecoder) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RequiresSecureDecoder) {
     EXPECT_FALSE(cryptoPlugin->requiresSecureDecoderComponent("cenc"));
 }
 
 /**
  * Verify that requiresSecureDecoderComponent handles empty mimetype
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RequiresSecureDecoderEmptyMimeType) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RequiresSecureDecoderEmptyMimeType) {
     EXPECT_FALSE(cryptoPlugin->requiresSecureDecoderComponent(""));
 }
 
@@ -882,7 +756,7 @@
  * Exercise the NotifyResolution API. There is no observable result,
  * just call the method for coverage.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, NotifyResolution) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, NotifyResolution) {
     cryptoPlugin->notifyResolution(1920, 1080);
 }
 
@@ -919,7 +793,7 @@
  * Exercise the setMediaDrmSession method. setMediaDrmSession
  * is used to associate a drm session with a crypto session.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMediaDrmSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMediaDrmSession) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     EXPECT_TRUE(cryptoPlugin->setMediaDrmSession(sessionId).isOk());
     closeSession(sessionId);
@@ -928,7 +802,7 @@
 /**
  * setMediaDrmSession with a closed session id
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMediaDrmSessionClosedSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMediaDrmSessionClosedSession) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     closeSession(sessionId);
     Status status = cryptoPlugin->setMediaDrmSession(sessionId);
@@ -940,7 +814,7 @@
  * empty session clears the previously set session and should
  * return OK.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMediaDrmSessionEmptySession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMediaDrmSessionEmptySession) {
     SessionId sessionId;
     EXPECT_TRUE(cryptoPlugin->setMediaDrmSession(sessionId).isOk());
 }
@@ -949,23 +823,6 @@
  * Decrypt tests
  */
 
-class DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest : public DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest {
-   public:
-    void fillRandom(const sp<IMemory>& memory);
-    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> toHidlArray(const vector<uint8_t>& vec) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(16u, vec.size());
-        return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&vec[0]);
-    }
-    uint32_t decrypt(Mode mode, uint8_t* iv, const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples,
-            const Pattern& pattern, Status status);
-    void aes_ctr_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
-            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
-    void aes_cbc_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
-            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
-    void decryptWithInvalidKeys(hidl_vec<uint8_t>& invalidResponse,
-            vector<uint8_t>& iv, const Pattern& noPattern, const vector<SubSample>& subSamples);
-};
-
 void DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest::fillRandom(const sp<IMemory>& memory) {
     random_device rd;
     mt19937 rand(rd());
@@ -1109,7 +966,7 @@
 /**
  * Test query key status
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, TestQueryKeyStatus) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, TestQueryKeyStatus) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     auto res = drmPlugin->queryKeyStatus(
         sessionId, [&](Status status, KeyedVector /* info */) { EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status); });
@@ -1121,7 +978,7 @@
 /**
  * Positive decrypt test.  "Decrypt" a single clear segment
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, ClearSegmentTest) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, ClearSegmentTest) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const uint32_t kByteCount = 256;
@@ -1143,7 +1000,7 @@
  * Positive decrypt test.  Decrypt a single segment using AES_CTR.
  * Verify data matches.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, EncryptedAesCtrSegmentTest) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, EncryptedAesCtrSegmentTest) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const uint32_t kClearBytes = 512;
@@ -1165,7 +1022,7 @@
 /**
  * Negative decrypt test. Decrypt without loading keys.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, EncryptedAesCtrSegmentTestNoKeys) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, EncryptedAesCtrSegmentTestNoKeys) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const vector<SubSample> subSamples = {
@@ -1211,7 +1068,7 @@
 /**
  * Negative decrypt test. Decrypt with invalid key.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, DecryptWithEmptyKey) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, DecryptWithEmptyKey) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const uint32_t kClearBytes = 512;
@@ -1248,7 +1105,7 @@
 /**
  * Negative decrypt test. Decrypt with a key exceeds AES_BLOCK_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, DecryptWithKeyTooLong) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, DecryptWithKeyTooLong) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const uint32_t kClearBytes = 512;
@@ -1275,3 +1132,9 @@
     memcpy(invalidResponse.data(), keyTooLongResponse.c_str(), kKeyTooLongResponseSize);
     decryptWithInvalidKeys(invalidResponse, iv, noPattern, subSamples);
 }
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V1_0
+}  // namespace drm
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd2538b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "drm_hal_vendor_test@1.0"
+
+#include "vendor_modules.h"
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_vendor_test.h"
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h"
+
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoFactory;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::IDrmFactory;
+
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::vts::DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::vts::DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::vts::DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest;
+
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::vts::DrmHalVendorFactoryTest;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::vts::DrmHalVendorPluginTest;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::vts::DrmHalVendorDecryptTest;
+
+/**
+ * Instantiate the set of test cases for each vendor module
+ */
+
+static const std::vector<DrmHalTestParam> kAllInstances = [] {
+    std::vector<std::string> drmInstances =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDrmFactory::descriptor);
+    std::vector<std::string> cryptoInstances =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ICryptoFactory::descriptor);
+    std::set<std::string> allInstances;
+    allInstances.insert(drmInstances.begin(), drmInstances.end());
+    allInstances.insert(cryptoInstances.begin(), cryptoInstances.end());
+
+    std::vector<DrmHalTestParam> allInstanceUuidCombos;
+    auto noUUID = [](std::string s) { return DrmHalTestParam(s); };
+    std::transform(allInstances.begin(), allInstances.end(),
+            std::back_inserter(allInstanceUuidCombos), noUUID);
+    return allInstanceUuidCombos;
+}();
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(DrmHalVendorFactoryTestCases, DrmHalVendorFactoryTest,
+                        testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                        drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(DrmHalVendorPluginTestCases, DrmHalVendorPluginTest,
+                        testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                        drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(DrmHalVendorDecryptTestCases, DrmHalVendorDecryptTest,
+                        testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                        drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                         drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                         drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                         drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString);
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..a8b5ade
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+include/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
index 20a2ca4..5c6c98b 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
@@ -16,163 +16,46 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "drm_hal_vendor_test@1.0"
 
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPluginListener.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/types.h>
-#include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
-#include <log/log.h>
-#include <memory>
 #include <openssl/aes.h>
 #include <random>
 
 #include "drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h"
 #include "vendor_modules.h"
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::BufferType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::DestinationBuffer;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::EventType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoFactory;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoPlugin;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::IDrmFactory;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::IDrmPlugin;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::IDrmPluginListener;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyedVector;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyRequestType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyStatus;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyStatusType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyValue;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Mode;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Pattern;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStop;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStopId;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SessionId;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SharedBuffer;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Status;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SubSample;
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_vendor_test.h"
 
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_memory;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
-using ::android::hardware::Return;
-using ::android::hardware::Void;
-using ::android::hidl::allocator::V1_0::IAllocator;
-using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
-using ::android::sp;
-
-using std::string;
-using std::unique_ptr;
 using std::random_device;
-using std::map;
 using std::mt19937;
-using std::vector;
-
-using ContentConfiguration = ::DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1::ContentConfiguration;
-using Key = ::DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1::ContentConfiguration::Key;
-using VtsTestBase = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase;
-
-#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
-#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
-
-#define RETURN_IF_SKIPPED \
-    if (!vendorModule->isInstalled()) { \
-        std::cout << "[  SKIPPED ] This drm scheme not supported." << \
-                " library:" << GetParam() << " service-name:" << \
-                vendorModule->getServiceName() << std::endl; \
-        return; \
-    }
 
 static const uint8_t kInvalidUUID[16] = {
         0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40, 0x50, 0x60, 0x70, 0x80,
         0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40, 0x50, 0x60, 0x70, 0x80,
 };
 
-static drm_vts::VendorModules* gVendorModules = nullptr;
-
-// Test environment for drm
-class DrmHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static DrmHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static DrmHidlEnvironment* instance = new DrmHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
+static drm_vts::VendorModules* gVendorModules = [] {
+#if defined(__LP64__)
+    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/64/lib";
+#else
+    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/32/lib";
+#endif
+    auto modules = new drm_vts::VendorModules(kModulePath);
+    if (modules->getPathList().size() == 0) {
+        std::cerr << "WARNING: No vendor modules found in " << kModulePath <<
+                ", all vendor tests will be skipped" << std::endl;
     }
+    return modules;
+}();
 
-    void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<ICryptoFactory>();
-        registerTestService<IDrmFactory>();
-        setServiceCombMode(::testing::HalServiceCombMode::NO_COMBINATION);
-    }
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace drm {
+namespace V1_0 {
+namespace vts {
 
-   private:
-    DrmHidlEnvironment() {}
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(DrmHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class DrmHalVendorFactoryTest : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
-   public:
-    DrmHalVendorFactoryTest()
-        : vendorModule(static_cast<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1*>(
-                        gVendorModules->getModule(GetParam()))),
-          contentConfigurations(vendorModule->getContentConfigurations()) {}
-
-    virtual ~DrmHalVendorFactoryTest() {}
-
-    virtual void SetUp() {
-        const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
-                ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
-        ALOGD("Running test %s.%s from vendor module %s",
-              test_info->test_case_name(), test_info->name(),
-              GetParam().c_str());
-
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, vendorModule.get());
-
-        // First try the binderized service name provided by the vendor module.
-        // If that fails, which it can on non-binderized devices, try the default
-        // service.
-        string name = vendorModule->getServiceName();
-        drmFactory = VtsTestBase::getService<IDrmFactory>(name);
-        if (drmFactory == nullptr) {
-            drmFactory = VtsTestBase::getService<IDrmFactory>();
-        }
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmFactory.get());
-
-        // Do the same for the crypto factory
-        cryptoFactory = VtsTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>(name);
-        if (cryptoFactory == nullptr) {
-            cryptoFactory = VtsTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>();
-        }
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cryptoFactory.get());
-
-        // If drm scheme not installed skip subsequent tests
-        if (!drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getVendorUUID())) {
-            vendorModule->setInstalled(false);
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-   protected:
-    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> getVendorUUID() {
-        vector<uint8_t> uuid = vendorModule->getUUID();
-        return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&uuid[0]);
-    }
-
-    sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory;
-    sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory;
-    unique_ptr<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1> vendorModule;
-    const vector<ContentConfiguration> contentConfigurations;
-};
+DrmHalVendorFactoryTest::DrmHalVendorFactoryTest()
+     : vendorModule(static_cast<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1*>(
+             gVendorModules->getModuleByName(GetParam().instance_))) {} // getModuleByName
 
 TEST_P(DrmHalVendorFactoryTest, ValidateConfigurations) {
     const char* kVendorStr = "Vendor module ";
@@ -220,8 +103,8 @@
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalVendorFactoryTest, PluginConfigUUIDSupported) {
     RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
-    EXPECT_TRUE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getVendorUUID()));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getVendorUUID()));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getUUID()));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getUUID()));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -257,7 +140,7 @@
     RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
     auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
-            getVendorUUID(), packageName,
+            getUUID(), packageName,
             [&](Status status, const sp<IDrmPlugin>& plugin) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
                 EXPECT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
@@ -272,7 +155,7 @@
     RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
     auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
-            getVendorUUID(), initVec,
+            getUUID(), initVec,
             [&](Status status, const sp<ICryptoPlugin>& plugin) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
                 EXPECT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
@@ -310,50 +193,6 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-class DrmHalVendorPluginTest : public DrmHalVendorFactoryTest {
-   public:
-    virtual ~DrmHalVendorPluginTest() {}
-    virtual void SetUp() override {
-        // Create factories
-        DrmHalVendorFactoryTest::SetUp();
-        RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
-
-        hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
-        auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
-                getVendorUUID(), packageName,
-                [this](Status status, const sp<IDrmPlugin>& plugin) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
-                    drmPlugin = plugin;
-                });
-        ASSERT_OK(res);
-
-        hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
-        res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
-                getVendorUUID(), initVec,
-                [this](Status status, const sp<ICryptoPlugin>& plugin) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
-                    cryptoPlugin = plugin;
-                });
-        ASSERT_OK(res);
-    }
-
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-    SessionId openSession();
-    void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
-    sp<IMemory> getDecryptMemory(size_t size, size_t index);
-    KeyedVector toHidlKeyedVector(const map<string, string>& params);
-    hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId,
-                               const ContentConfiguration& configuration,
-                               const KeyType& type);
-
-   protected:
-    sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
-    sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
-};
-
 /**
  *  DrmPlugin tests
  */
@@ -1218,7 +1057,7 @@
 
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 
-    sp<IMemory> mappedMemory = mapMemory(hidlMemory);
+    sp<IMemory> mappedMemory = android::hardware::mapMemory(hidlMemory);
     EXPECT_NE(nullptr, mappedMemory.get());
     res = cryptoPlugin->setSharedBufferBase(hidlMemory, index);
     EXPECT_OK(res);
@@ -1262,29 +1101,6 @@
  * Decrypt tests
  */
 
-class DrmHalVendorDecryptTest : public DrmHalVendorPluginTest {
-   public:
-    DrmHalVendorDecryptTest() = default;
-    virtual ~DrmHalVendorDecryptTest() {}
-
-   protected:
-    void fillRandom(const sp<IMemory>& memory);
-    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> toHidlArray(const vector<uint8_t>& vec) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(vec.size(), 16u);
-        return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&vec[0]);
-    }
-    hidl_vec<KeyValue> queryKeyStatus(SessionId sessionId);
-    void removeKeys(SessionId sessionId);
-    uint32_t decrypt(Mode mode, bool isSecure,
-            const hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>& keyId, uint8_t* iv,
-            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const Pattern& pattern,
-            const vector<uint8_t>& key, Status expectedStatus);
-    void aes_ctr_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
-            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
-    void aes_cbc_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
-            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
-};
-
 void DrmHalVendorDecryptTest::fillRandom(const sp<IMemory>& memory) {
     random_device rd;
     mt19937 rand(rd());
@@ -1591,38 +1407,8 @@
     }
 }
 
-
-/**
- * Instantiate the set of test cases for each vendor module
- */
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        DrmHalVendorFactoryTestCases, DrmHalVendorFactoryTest,
-        testing::ValuesIn(gVendorModules->getPathList()));
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        DrmHalVendorPluginTestCases, DrmHalVendorPluginTest,
-        testing::ValuesIn(gVendorModules->getPathList()));
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        DrmHalVendorDecryptTestCases, DrmHalVendorDecryptTest,
-        testing::ValuesIn(gVendorModules->getPathList()));
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-#if defined(__LP64__)
-    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/64/lib";
-#else
-    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/32/lib";
-#endif
-    gVendorModules = new drm_vts::VendorModules(kModulePath);
-    if (gVendorModules->getPathList().size() == 0) {
-        std::cerr << "WARNING: No vendor modules found in " << kModulePath <<
-                ", all vendor tests will be skipped" << std::endl;
-    }
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(DrmHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    DrmHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V1_0
+}  // namespace drm
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca707b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef DRM_HAL_CLEARKEY_TEST_H
+#define DRM_HAL_CLEARKEY_TEST_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoFactory.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmFactory.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include "drm_vts_helper.h"
+
+using ::android::hidl::allocator::V1_0::IAllocator;
+using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
+
+using ::drm_vts::DrmHalTestParam;
+using ::drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString;
+
+using std::string;
+using std::map;
+using std::vector;
+
+/**
+ * These clearkey tests use white box knowledge of the legacy clearkey
+ * plugin to verify that the HIDL HAL services and interfaces are working.
+ * It is not intended to verify any vendor's HAL implementation. If you
+ * are looking for vendor HAL tests, see drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
+ */
+#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace drm {
+namespace V1_0 {
+namespace vts {
+
+class DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<DrmHalTestParam> {
+  public:
+    void SetUp() override {
+        const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
+                ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
+        ALOGD("Running test %s.%s", test_info->test_case_name(),
+              test_info->name());
+
+        const std::string instanceName = GetParam().instance_;
+        drmFactory = IDrmFactory::getService(instanceName);
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmFactory.get());
+        cryptoFactory = ICryptoFactory::getService(instanceName);
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cryptoFactory.get());
+
+        const bool drmClearKey = drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kClearKeyUUID);
+        const bool cryptoClearKey = cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kClearKeyUUID);
+        EXPECT_EQ(drmClearKey, cryptoClearKey);
+        const bool supportsClearKey = drmClearKey && cryptoClearKey;
+
+        const bool drmCommonPsshBox = drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kCommonPsshBoxUUID);
+        const bool cryptoCommonPsshBox = cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kCommonPsshBoxUUID);
+        EXPECT_EQ(drmCommonPsshBox, cryptoCommonPsshBox);
+        const bool supportsCommonPsshBox = drmCommonPsshBox && cryptoCommonPsshBox;
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(supportsClearKey, supportsCommonPsshBox);
+        correspondsToThisTest = supportsClearKey && supportsCommonPsshBox;
+
+        if (instanceName == "clearkey") {
+            EXPECT_TRUE(correspondsToThisTest);
+
+            // TODO(b/147449315)
+            // Only the clearkey plugged into the "default" instance supports
+            // this test. Currently the "clearkey" instance fails some tests
+            // here.
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "Clearkey tests don't work with 'clearkey' instance yet.";
+        }
+
+        if (!correspondsToThisTest) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "Cannot test clearkey features on non-clearkey DRM modules";
+        }
+    }
+
+   protected:
+    static constexpr uint8_t kCommonPsshBoxUUID[16] = {
+        0x10, 0x77, 0xEF, 0xEC, 0xC0, 0xB2, 0x4D, 0x02,
+        0xAC, 0xE3, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x52, 0xE2, 0xFB, 0x4B};
+
+    // To be used in mpd to specify drm scheme for players
+    static constexpr uint8_t kClearKeyUUID[16] = {
+        0xE2, 0x71, 0x9D, 0x58, 0xA9, 0x85, 0xB3, 0xC9,
+        0x78, 0x1A, 0xB0, 0x30, 0xAF, 0x78, 0xD3, 0x0E};
+
+    sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory;
+    sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory;
+
+    bool correspondsToThisTest;
+};
+
+class DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest : public DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest {
+   public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        // Create factories
+        DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest::SetUp();
+
+        if (!correspondsToThisTest) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "Cannot test clearkey features on non-clearkey DRM modules";
+        }
+
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmFactory.get());
+        hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
+        auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
+                getUUID(), packageName,
+                [this](Status status, const sp<IDrmPlugin>& plugin) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
+                    drmPlugin = plugin;
+                });
+        ASSERT_OK(res);
+
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
+        res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
+                getUUID(), initVec,
+                [this](Status status, const sp<ICryptoPlugin>& plugin) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
+                    cryptoPlugin = plugin;
+                });
+        ASSERT_OK(res);
+    }
+
+    SessionId openSession();
+    void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId, const KeyType& type);
+    sp<IMemory> getDecryptMemory(size_t size, size_t index);
+
+   protected:
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> getUUID() {
+        if (GetParamUUID() == hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>()) {
+            return kClearKeyUUID;
+        }
+        return GetParamUUID();
+    }
+
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> GetParamUUID() {
+        return GetParam().scheme_;
+    }
+
+    sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
+    sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
+};
+
+class DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest : public DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest {
+   public:
+     void SetUp() override {
+         DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest::SetUp();
+
+         if (!correspondsToThisTest) {
+             GTEST_SKIP() << "Cannot test clearkey features on non-clearkey DRM modules";
+         }
+     }
+    void fillRandom(const sp<IMemory>& memory);
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> toHidlArray(const vector<uint8_t>& vec) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(16u, vec.size());
+        return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&vec[0]);
+    }
+    uint32_t decrypt(Mode mode, uint8_t* iv, const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples,
+            const Pattern& pattern, Status status);
+    void aes_ctr_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
+            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
+    void aes_cbc_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
+            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
+    void decryptWithInvalidKeys(hidl_vec<uint8_t>& invalidResponse,
+            vector<uint8_t>& iv, const Pattern& noPattern, const vector<SubSample>& subSamples);
+};
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V1_0
+}  // namespace drm
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // DRM_HAL_CLEARKEY_TEST_H
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_vendor_test.h b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_vendor_test.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..468d335
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_vendor_test.h
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef DRM_HAL_VENDOR_TEST_H
+#define DRM_HAL_VENDOR_TEST_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoFactory.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmFactory.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPluginListener.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <set>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h"
+#include "drm_vts_helper.h"
+#include "vendor_modules.h"
+#include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
+
+using ::android::hidl::allocator::V1_0::IAllocator;
+using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
+
+using ::drm_vts::DrmHalTestParam;
+using ::drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString;
+
+using std::string;
+using std::unique_ptr;
+using std::map;
+using std::vector;
+
+using ContentConfiguration = ::DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1::ContentConfiguration;
+using Key = ::DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1::ContentConfiguration::Key;
+
+#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+
+#define RETURN_IF_SKIPPED                                                                  \
+    if (vendorModule == nullptr || !vendorModule->isInstalled()) {                         \
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "This drm scheme not supported."                                   \
+                     << " library:" << GetParam() << " service-name:"                      \
+                     << (vendorModule == nullptr ? "N/A" : vendorModule->getServiceName()) \
+                     << std::endl;                                                         \
+        return;                                                                            \
+    }
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace drm {
+namespace V1_0 {
+namespace vts {
+
+class DrmHalVendorFactoryTest : public testing::TestWithParam<DrmHalTestParam> {
+   public:
+     DrmHalVendorFactoryTest();
+     virtual ~DrmHalVendorFactoryTest() {}
+
+     virtual void SetUp() {
+         const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
+                 ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
+         ALOGD("Running test %s.%s from vendor module %s", test_info->test_case_name(),
+               test_info->name(), GetParam().instance_.c_str());
+
+         const std::string instance = GetParam().instance_;
+         if (instance == "widevine") {
+             ASSERT_NE(nullptr, vendorModule.get());
+         }
+
+         if (vendorModule == nullptr) {
+             GTEST_SKIP() << "No vendor module available";
+         } else {
+             ASSERT_EQ(instance, vendorModule->getServiceName());
+             contentConfigurations = vendorModule->getContentConfigurations();
+         }
+
+         drmFactory = IDrmFactory::getService(instance);
+         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmFactory.get());
+         cryptoFactory = ICryptoFactory::getService(instance);
+         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cryptoFactory.get());
+
+         // If drm scheme not installed skip subsequent tests
+         if (!drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getUUID())) {
+             // no GTEST_SKIP since only some tests require the module
+             vendorModule->setInstalled(false);
+             hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> noUUID;
+             ASSERT_EQ(GetParamUUID(), noUUID) << "param uuid unsupported";
+         }
+     }
+
+   protected:
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> getUUID() {
+        if (GetParamUUID() == hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>()) {
+            return getVendorUUID();
+        }
+        return GetParamUUID();
+    }
+
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> getVendorUUID() {
+        if (vendorModule == nullptr) return {};
+        vector<uint8_t> uuid = vendorModule->getUUID();
+        return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&uuid[0]);
+    }
+
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> GetParamUUID() {
+        return GetParam().scheme_;
+    }
+
+    sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory;
+    sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory;
+    unique_ptr<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1> vendorModule;
+    vector<ContentConfiguration> contentConfigurations;
+};
+
+class DrmHalVendorPluginTest : public DrmHalVendorFactoryTest {
+   public:
+    virtual ~DrmHalVendorPluginTest() {}
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        // Create factories
+        DrmHalVendorFactoryTest::SetUp();
+        RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
+
+        hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
+        auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
+                getVendorUUID(), packageName,
+                [this](Status status, const sp<IDrmPlugin>& plugin) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
+                    drmPlugin = plugin;
+                });
+        ASSERT_OK(res);
+
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
+        res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
+                getVendorUUID(), initVec,
+                [this](Status status, const sp<ICryptoPlugin>& plugin) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
+                    cryptoPlugin = plugin;
+                });
+        ASSERT_OK(res);
+    }
+
+    virtual void TearDown() override {}
+
+    SessionId openSession();
+    void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
+    sp<IMemory> getDecryptMemory(size_t size, size_t index);
+    KeyedVector toHidlKeyedVector(const map<string, string>& params);
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId,
+                               const ContentConfiguration& configuration,
+                               const KeyType& type);
+
+   protected:
+    sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
+    sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
+};
+
+class DrmHalVendorDecryptTest : public DrmHalVendorPluginTest {
+   public:
+    DrmHalVendorDecryptTest() = default;
+    virtual ~DrmHalVendorDecryptTest() {}
+
+   protected:
+    void fillRandom(const sp<IMemory>& memory);
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> toHidlArray(const vector<uint8_t>& vec) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(vec.size(), 16u);
+        return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&vec[0]);
+    }
+    hidl_vec<KeyValue> queryKeyStatus(SessionId sessionId);
+    void removeKeys(SessionId sessionId);
+    uint32_t decrypt(Mode mode, bool isSecure,
+            const hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>& keyId, uint8_t* iv,
+            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const Pattern& pattern,
+            const vector<uint8_t>& key, Status expectedStatus);
+    void aes_ctr_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
+            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
+    void aes_cbc_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
+            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
+};
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V1_0
+}  // namespace drm
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // DRM_HAL_VENDOR_TEST_H
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h
similarity index 100%
rename from drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h
rename to drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/drm_vts_helper.h b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/drm_vts_helper.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f02af9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/drm_vts_helper.h
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef DRM_VTS_HELPER_H
+#define DRM_VTS_HELPER_H
+
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+
+#include <array>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace drm_vts {
+
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
+
+struct DrmHalTestParam {
+    const std::string instance_;
+    const hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> scheme_{};
+    DrmHalTestParam(const std::string& instance) : instance_(instance) {}
+    DrmHalTestParam(const std::string& instance, const hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>& scheme)
+        : instance_(instance), scheme_(scheme) {}
+};
+
+inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream, const DrmHalTestParam& val) {
+      stream << val.instance_ << ", " << android::hardware::toString(val.scheme_);
+      return stream;
+}
+
+inline std::string PrintParamInstanceToString(
+        const testing::TestParamInfo<DrmHalTestParam>& info) {
+    // test names need to be unique -> index prefix
+    std::string name = std::to_string(info.index) + "/" + info.param.instance_;
+    return android::hardware::Sanitize(name);
+};
+
+}  // namespace drm_vts
+
+#endif  // DRM_VTS_HELPER_H
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.h b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/vendor_modules.h
similarity index 93%
rename from drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.h
rename to drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/vendor_modules.h
index 8330b0a..3f6fa15 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.h
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/vendor_modules.h
@@ -51,6 +51,11 @@
      */
     std::vector<std::string> getPathList() const {return mPathList;}
 
+    /**
+     * Retrieve a DrmHalVTSVendorModule given a service name.
+     */
+    DrmHalVTSVendorModule* getModuleByName(const std::string& name);
+
    private:
     std::vector<std::string> mPathList;
     std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<SharedLibrary>> mOpenLibraries;
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp
index 98430f5..53927bd 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <utils/String8.h>
 #include <SharedLibrary.h>
 
+#include "drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h"
 #include "vendor_modules.h"
 
 using std::string;
@@ -69,4 +70,15 @@
     ModuleFactory moduleFactory = reinterpret_cast<ModuleFactory>(symbol);
     return (*moduleFactory)();
 }
+
+DrmHalVTSVendorModule* VendorModules::getModuleByName(const string& name) {
+    for (const auto &path : mPathList) {
+        auto module = getModule(path);
+        if (module->getServiceName() == name) {
+            return module;
+        }
+
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
 };
diff --git a/drm/1.1/vts/OWNERS b/drm/1.1/vts/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecb421c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.1/vts/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+edwinwong@google.com
+fredgc@google.com
+jtinker@google.com
+kylealexander@google.com
+rfrias@google.com
+robertshih@google.com
diff --git a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 47b02bf..c31aee0 100644
--- a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -14,21 +14,73 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //
 
-cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalDrmV1_1TargetTest",
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "android.hardware.drm@1.1-vts",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
-    srcs: [
-        "drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp"
+    include_dirs: [
+        "hardware/interfaces/drm/1.0/vts/functional",
     ],
-    static_libs: [
+    local_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
         "android.hardware.drm@1.1",
-        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
         "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
         "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
         "libhidlmemory",
         "libnativehelper",
-        "libssl",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libdrmvtshelper",
+    ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.1",
+        "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
+        "libhidlmemory",
+        "libnativehelper",
+    ],
+    export_static_lib_headers: [
+        "libdrmvtshelper",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalDrmV1_1TargetTest",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "drm_hal_test_main.cpp",
+    ],
+    whole_static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.1-vts",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.1",
+    ],
+    arch: {
+        arm: {
+            data: [":libvtswidevine-arm-prebuilts"],
+        },
+        arm64: {
+            data: [":libvtswidevine-arm64-prebuilts"],
+        },
+        x86: {
+            data: [":libvtswidevine-x86-prebuilts"],
+        },
+        x86_64: {
+            data: [":libvtswidevine-x86_64-prebuilts"],
+        },
+    },
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65c45ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalDrmV1_1TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer"/>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="VtsHalDrmV1_1TargetTest" value="/data/local/tmp/VtsHalDrmV1_1TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="libvtswidevine64.so" value="/data/local/tmp/64/lib/libvtswidevine.so" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="libvtswidevine32.so" value="/data/local/tmp/32/lib/libvtswidevine.so" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalDrmV1_1TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp
index 6be30d3..fba9733 100644
--- a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp
@@ -16,256 +16,22 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "drm_hal_clearkey_test@1.1"
 
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/ICryptoFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/IDrmFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/IDrmPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/types.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/types.h>
-#include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
-#include <android/hidl/manager/1.2/IServiceManager.h>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
-#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
-#include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
-#include <memory>
-#include <openssl/aes.h>
-#include <random>
+#include <vector>
 
-#include "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h"
-#include "VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h"
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.1/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h"
 
-namespace drm = ::android::hardware::drm;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::BufferType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::DestinationBuffer;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoPlugin;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyedVector;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyValue;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Mode;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Pattern;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStop;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStopId;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SessionId;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SharedBuffer;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Status;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SubSample;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SubSample;
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace drm {
+namespace V1_1 {
+namespace vts {
 
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::DrmMetricGroup;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::HdcpLevel;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::ICryptoFactory;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::IDrmFactory;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::IDrmPlugin;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::KeyRequestType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::SecureStopRelease;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::SecurityLevel;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::SecurityLevel;
-
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_memory;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
-using ::android::hardware::Return;
-using ::android::hidl::allocator::V1_0::IAllocator;
-using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
-using ::android::sp;
-
-using std::string;
-using std::unique_ptr;
-using std::random_device;
-using std::map;
-using std::mt19937;
-using std::vector;
-
-/**
- * These clearkey tests use white box knowledge of the legacy clearkey
- * plugin to verify that the HIDL HAL services and interfaces are working.
- * It is not intended to verify any vendor's HAL implementation. If you
- * are looking for vendor HAL tests, see drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
- */
-#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
-#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
-
-// To be used in mpd to specify drm scheme for players
-static const uint8_t kClearKeyUUID[16] = {
+const uint8_t kClearKeyUUID[16] = {
     0xE2, 0x71, 0x9D, 0x58, 0xA9, 0x85, 0xB3, 0xC9,
-    0x78, 0x1A, 0xB0, 0x30, 0xAF, 0x78, 0xD3, 0x0E};
-
-// Test environment for drm
-class DrmHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static DrmHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static DrmHidlEnvironment* instance = new DrmHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void HidlSetUp() override { ALOGI("SetUp DrmHidlEnvironment"); }
-
-    virtual void HidlTearDown() override { ALOGI("TearDown DrmHidlEnvironment"); }
-
-    void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<ICryptoFactory>();
-        registerTestService<IDrmFactory>();
-        setServiceCombMode(::testing::HalServiceCombMode::NO_COMBINATION);
-    }
-
-   private:
-    DrmHidlEnvironment() {}
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(DrmHidlEnvironment);
+    0x78, 0x1A, 0xB0, 0x30, 0xAF, 0x78, 0xD3, 0x0E
 };
 
-
-class DrmHalClearkeyTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-public:
-    virtual void SetUp() override {
-        const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
-                ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
-
-        ALOGD("DrmHalClearkeyTest: Running test %s.%s", test_info->test_case_name(),
-                test_info->name());
-
-        auto manager = android::hardware::defaultServiceManager1_2();
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, manager.get());
-        manager->listManifestByInterface(IDrmFactory::descriptor,
-                [&](const hidl_vec<hidl_string> &registered) {
-                    for (const auto &instance : registered) {
-                        sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory =
-                                ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IDrmFactory>(instance);
-                        drmPlugin = createDrmPlugin(drmFactory);
-                        if (drmPlugin != nullptr) {
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            );
-
-        manager->listManifestByInterface(ICryptoFactory::descriptor,
-                [&](const hidl_vec<hidl_string> &registered) {
-                    for (const auto &instance : registered) {
-                        sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory =
-                                ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>(instance);
-                        cryptoPlugin = createCryptoPlugin(cryptoFactory);
-                        if (cryptoPlugin != nullptr) {
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            );
-
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmPlugin.get()) << "Can't find clearkey drm@1.1 plugin";
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cryptoPlugin.get()) << "Can't find clearkey crypto@1.1 plugin";
-    }
-
-
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-    SessionId openSession();
-    SessionId openSession(SecurityLevel level);
-    void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
-    hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId, const KeyType& type);
-
-  private:
-    sp<IDrmPlugin> createDrmPlugin(sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory) {
-        if (drmFactory == nullptr) {
-            return nullptr;
-        }
-        sp<IDrmPlugin> plugin = nullptr;
-        auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
-                kClearKeyUUID, "",
-                        [&](Status status, const sp<drm::V1_0::IDrmPlugin>& pluginV1_0) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    plugin = IDrmPlugin::castFrom(pluginV1_0);
-                });
-
-        if (!res.isOk()) {
-            ALOGE("createDrmPlugin remote call failed");
-        }
-        return plugin;
-    }
-
-    sp<ICryptoPlugin> createCryptoPlugin(sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory) {
-        if (cryptoFactory == nullptr) {
-            return nullptr;
-        }
-        sp<ICryptoPlugin> plugin = nullptr;
-        hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
-        auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
-                kClearKeyUUID, initVec,
-                        [&](Status status, const sp<drm::V1_0::ICryptoPlugin>& pluginV1_0) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    plugin = pluginV1_0;
-                });
-        if (!res.isOk()) {
-            ALOGE("createCryptoPlugin remote call failed");
-        }
-        return plugin;
-    }
-
-protected:
- template <typename CT>
- bool ValueEquals(DrmMetricGroup::ValueType type, const std::string& expected, const CT& actual) {
-     return type == DrmMetricGroup::ValueType::STRING_TYPE && expected == actual.stringValue;
- }
-
- template <typename CT>
- bool ValueEquals(DrmMetricGroup::ValueType type, const int64_t expected, const CT& actual) {
-     return type == DrmMetricGroup::ValueType::INT64_TYPE && expected == actual.int64Value;
- }
-
- template <typename CT>
- bool ValueEquals(DrmMetricGroup::ValueType type, const double expected, const CT& actual) {
-     return type == DrmMetricGroup::ValueType::DOUBLE_TYPE && expected == actual.doubleValue;
- }
-
- template <typename AT, typename VT>
- bool ValidateMetricAttributeAndValue(const DrmMetricGroup::Metric& metric,
-                                      const std::string& attributeName, const AT& attributeValue,
-                                      const std::string& componentName, const VT& componentValue) {
-     bool validAttribute = false;
-     bool validComponent = false;
-     for (const DrmMetricGroup::Attribute& attribute : metric.attributes) {
-         if (attribute.name == attributeName &&
-             ValueEquals(attribute.type, attributeValue, attribute)) {
-             validAttribute = true;
-         }
-     }
-     for (const DrmMetricGroup::Value& value : metric.values) {
-         if (value.componentName == componentName &&
-             ValueEquals(value.type, componentValue, value)) {
-             validComponent = true;
-         }
-     }
-     return validAttribute && validComponent;
- }
-
- template <typename AT, typename VT>
- bool ValidateMetricAttributeAndValue(const hidl_vec<DrmMetricGroup>& metricGroups,
-                                      const std::string& metricName,
-                                      const std::string& attributeName, const AT& attributeValue,
-                                      const std::string& componentName, const VT& componentValue) {
-     bool foundMetric = false;
-     for (const auto& group : metricGroups) {
-         for (const auto& metric : group.metrics) {
-             if (metric.name == metricName) {
-                 foundMetric = foundMetric || ValidateMetricAttributeAndValue(
-                                                  metric, attributeName, attributeValue,
-                                                  componentName, componentValue);
-             }
-         }
-     }
-     return foundMetric;
- }
-
- sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
- sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
-};
-
-
 /**
  * Helper method to open a session and verify that a non-empty
  * session ID is returned
@@ -371,7 +137,7 @@
 /**
  * Test openSession negative case: security level higher than supported
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, OpenSessionBadLevel) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, OpenSessionBadLevel) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->openSession_1_1(SecurityLevel::HW_SECURE_ALL,
             [&](Status status, const SessionId& /* id */) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, status);
@@ -382,7 +148,7 @@
 /**
  * Test getKeyRequest_1_1 via loadKeys
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequest) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequest) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     loadKeys(sessionId);
     closeSession(sessionId);
@@ -391,7 +157,7 @@
 /**
  * A get key request should fail if no sessionId is provided
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequestNoSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequestNoSession) {
     SessionId invalidSessionId;
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initData;
     hidl_string mimeType = "video/mp4";
@@ -409,7 +175,7 @@
  * Test that the plugin returns the expected error code in
  * this case.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequestOfflineKeyTypeNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequestOfflineKeyTypeNotSupported) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initData;
     hidl_string mimeType = "video/mp4";
@@ -429,7 +195,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that the plugin returns valid connected and max HDCP levels
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetHdcpLevels) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetHdcpLevels) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getHdcpLevels(
             [&](Status status, const HdcpLevel &connectedLevel,
                 const HdcpLevel &maxLevel) {
@@ -448,7 +214,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that the plugin returns default open and max session counts
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetDefaultSessionCounts) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetDefaultSessionCounts) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getNumberOfSessions(
             [&](Status status, uint32_t currentSessions,
                     uint32_t maxSessions) {
@@ -464,7 +230,7 @@
  * Test that the plugin returns valid open and max session counts
  * after a session is opened.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetOpenSessionCounts) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetOpenSessionCounts) {
     uint32_t initialSessions = 0;
     auto res = drmPlugin->getNumberOfSessions(
             [&](Status status, uint32_t currentSessions,
@@ -505,7 +271,7 @@
  * Test that the plugin returns the same security level
  * by default as when it is requested explicitly
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetDefaultSecurityLevel) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetDefaultSecurityLevel) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     SecurityLevel defaultLevel;
     auto res = drmPlugin->getSecurityLevel(session,
@@ -530,7 +296,7 @@
  * Test that the plugin returns the lowest security level
  * when it is requested
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecurityLevel) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecurityLevel) {
     SessionId session = openSession(SecurityLevel::SW_SECURE_CRYPTO);
     auto res = drmPlugin->getSecurityLevel(session,
             [&](Status status, SecurityLevel level) {
@@ -545,7 +311,7 @@
  * Test that the plugin returns the documented error
  * when requesting the security level for an invalid sessionId
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecurityLevelInvalidSessionId) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecurityLevelInvalidSessionId) {
     SessionId session;
     auto res = drmPlugin->getSecurityLevel(session,
             [&](Status status, SecurityLevel /*level*/) {
@@ -557,7 +323,7 @@
 /**
  * Test metrics are set appropriately for open and close operations.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetMetricsOpenClose) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetMetricsOpenClose) {
     SessionId sessionId = openSession();
     // The first close should be successful.
     closeSession(sessionId);
@@ -589,7 +355,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that there are no secure stop ids after clearing them
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopIdsCleared) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopIdsCleared) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -604,7 +370,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that there are secure stop ids after loading keys once
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopIdsOnce) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopIdsOnce) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -639,7 +405,7 @@
  * Test that the clearkey plugin reports no secure stops when
  * there are none.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetNoSecureStops) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetNoSecureStops) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -654,7 +420,7 @@
 /**
  * Test get/remove of one secure stop
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetOneSecureStopAndRemoveIt) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetOneSecureStopAndRemoveIt) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -688,7 +454,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that there are no secure stops after clearing them
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopsCleared) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopsCleared) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -703,7 +469,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that there are secure stops after loading keys once
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopsOnce) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopsOnce) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -738,7 +504,7 @@
  * Test that releasing a secure stop with empty
  * release message fails with the documented error
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, ReleaseEmptySecureStop) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, ReleaseEmptySecureStop) {
     SecureStopRelease emptyRelease = {.opaqueData = hidl_vec<uint8_t>()};
     Status status = drmPlugin->releaseSecureStops(emptyRelease);
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::BAD_VALUE, status);
@@ -763,8 +529,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that releasing one secure stop works
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, ReleaseOneSecureStop) {
-
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, ReleaseOneSecureStop) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -792,12 +557,11 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-
 /**
  * Test that removing a secure stop with an empty ID returns
  * documented error
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, RemoveEmptySecureStopId) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, RemoveEmptySecureStopId) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> emptyId;
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeSecureStop(emptyId);
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
@@ -808,7 +572,7 @@
  * Test that removing a secure stop after it has already
  * been removed fails with the documented error code.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, RemoveRemovedSecureStopId) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, RemoveRemovedSecureStopId) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -835,7 +599,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that removing a secure stop by id works
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, RemoveSecureStopById) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, RemoveSecureStopById) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -863,12 +627,8 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(DrmHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    DrmHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V1_1
+}  // namespace drm
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6965bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <set>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.1/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h"
+
+using android::hardware::drm::V1_1::ICryptoFactory;
+using android::hardware::drm::V1_1::IDrmFactory;
+using android::hardware::drm::V1_1::vts::DrmHalClearkeyTest;
+using android::hardware::drm::V1_1::vts::kClearKeyUUID;
+
+static const std::vector<DrmHalTestParam> kAllInstances = [] {
+    std::vector<std::string> drmInstances =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDrmFactory::descriptor);
+    std::vector<std::string> cryptoInstances =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ICryptoFactory::descriptor);
+    std::set<std::string> allInstances;
+    allInstances.insert(drmInstances.begin(), drmInstances.end());
+    allInstances.insert(cryptoInstances.begin(), cryptoInstances.end());
+
+    std::vector<DrmHalTestParam> allInstancesWithClearKeyUuid;
+    std::transform(allInstances.begin(), allInstances.end(),
+            std::back_inserter(allInstancesWithClearKeyUuid),
+            [](std::string s) { return DrmHalTestParam(s, kClearKeyUUID); });
+    return allInstancesWithClearKeyUuid;
+}();
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, DrmHalClearkeyTest, testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                         PrintParamInstanceToString);
diff --git a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.1/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.1/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e21a2c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.1/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef V1_1_DRM_HAL_CLEARKEY_TEST_H
+#define V1_1_DRM_HAL_CLEARKEY_TEST_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/ICryptoFactory.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/IDrmFactory.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/IDrmPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/types.h>
+#include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
+#include <android/hidl/manager/1.2/IServiceManager.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "drm_vts_helper.h"
+
+namespace drm = ::android::hardware::drm;
+
+using ::android::hidl::allocator::V1_0::IAllocator;
+using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
+
+using drm_vts::DrmHalTestParam;
+using drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString;
+
+/**
+ * These clearkey tests use white box knowledge of the legacy clearkey
+ * plugin to verify that the HIDL HAL services and interfaces are working.
+ * It is not intended to verify any vendor's HAL implementation. If you
+ * are looking for vendor HAL tests, see drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
+ */
+#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace drm {
+namespace V1_1 {
+namespace vts {
+
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoPlugin;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyedVector;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyType;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Mode;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Pattern;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStop;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStopId;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SessionId;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Status;
+
+// To be used in mpd to specify drm scheme for players
+extern const uint8_t kClearKeyUUID[16];
+
+class DrmHalClearkeyTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<DrmHalTestParam> {
+  public:
+    void SetUp() override {
+        const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
+                ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
+
+        ALOGD("DrmHalClearkeyTest: Running test %s.%s", test_info->test_case_name(),
+                test_info->name());
+
+        const std::string instance = GetParam().instance_;
+
+        sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory = IDrmFactory::getService(instance);
+        if (!drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kClearKeyUUID)) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << instance << " does not support clearkey";
+        }
+        drmPlugin = createDrmPlugin(drmFactory);
+        sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory = ICryptoFactory::getService(instance);
+        cryptoPlugin = createCryptoPlugin(cryptoFactory);
+
+        if (drmPlugin == nullptr || cryptoPlugin == nullptr) {
+            if (instance == "clearkey") {
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmPlugin.get()) << "Can't get clearkey drm@1.1 plugin";
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cryptoPlugin.get()) << "Can't get clearkey crypto@1.1 plugin";
+            }
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "Instance does not support clearkey";
+        }
+    }
+
+    SessionId openSession();
+    SessionId openSession(SecurityLevel level);
+    void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId, const KeyType& type);
+
+  private:
+    sp<IDrmPlugin> createDrmPlugin(sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory) {
+        if (drmFactory == nullptr) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        sp<IDrmPlugin> plugin = nullptr;
+        auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(GetParam().scheme_, "",
+                [&](Status status, const sp<drm::V1_0::IDrmPlugin>& pluginV1_0) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK == status, pluginV1_0 != nullptr);
+                    plugin = IDrmPlugin::castFrom(pluginV1_0);
+                });
+
+        if (!res.isOk()) {
+            ALOGE("createDrmPlugin remote call failed");
+        }
+        return plugin;
+    }
+
+    sp<ICryptoPlugin> createCryptoPlugin(sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory) {
+        if (cryptoFactory == nullptr) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        sp<ICryptoPlugin> plugin = nullptr;
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
+        auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
+                GetParam().scheme_, initVec,
+                [&](Status status, const sp<drm::V1_0::ICryptoPlugin>& pluginV1_0) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK == status, pluginV1_0 != nullptr);
+                    plugin = pluginV1_0;
+                });
+        if (!res.isOk()) {
+            ALOGE("createCryptoPlugin remote call failed");
+        }
+        return plugin;
+    }
+
+protected:
+ template <typename CT>
+ bool ValueEquals(DrmMetricGroup::ValueType type, const std::string& expected, const CT& actual) {
+     return type == DrmMetricGroup::ValueType::STRING_TYPE && expected == actual.stringValue;
+ }
+
+ template <typename CT>
+ bool ValueEquals(DrmMetricGroup::ValueType type, const int64_t expected, const CT& actual) {
+     return type == DrmMetricGroup::ValueType::INT64_TYPE && expected == actual.int64Value;
+ }
+
+ template <typename CT>
+ bool ValueEquals(DrmMetricGroup::ValueType type, const double expected, const CT& actual) {
+     return type == DrmMetricGroup::ValueType::DOUBLE_TYPE && expected == actual.doubleValue;
+ }
+
+ template <typename AT, typename VT>
+ bool ValidateMetricAttributeAndValue(const DrmMetricGroup::Metric& metric,
+                                      const std::string& attributeName, const AT& attributeValue,
+                                      const std::string& componentName, const VT& componentValue) {
+     bool validAttribute = false;
+     bool validComponent = false;
+     for (const DrmMetricGroup::Attribute& attribute : metric.attributes) {
+         if (attribute.name == attributeName &&
+             ValueEquals(attribute.type, attributeValue, attribute)) {
+             validAttribute = true;
+         }
+     }
+     for (const DrmMetricGroup::Value& value : metric.values) {
+         if (value.componentName == componentName &&
+             ValueEquals(value.type, componentValue, value)) {
+             validComponent = true;
+         }
+     }
+     return validAttribute && validComponent;
+ }
+
+ template <typename AT, typename VT>
+ bool ValidateMetricAttributeAndValue(const hidl_vec<DrmMetricGroup>& metricGroups,
+                                      const std::string& metricName,
+                                      const std::string& attributeName, const AT& attributeValue,
+                                      const std::string& componentName, const VT& componentValue) {
+     bool foundMetric = false;
+     for (const auto& group : metricGroups) {
+         for (const auto& metric : group.metrics) {
+             if (metric.name == metricName) {
+                 foundMetric = foundMetric || ValidateMetricAttributeAndValue(
+                                                  metric, attributeName, attributeValue,
+                                                  componentName, componentValue);
+             }
+         }
+     }
+     return foundMetric;
+ }
+
+ sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
+ sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
+};
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V1_1
+}  // namespace drm
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // V1_1_DRM_HAL_CLEARKEY_TEST_H
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/OWNERS b/drm/1.2/vts/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecb421c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+edwinwong@google.com
+fredgc@google.com
+jtinker@google.com
+kylealexander@google.com
+rfrias@google.com
+robertshih@google.com
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 95883bf..793ef80 100644
--- a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -14,27 +14,78 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //
 
-cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalDrmV1_2TargetTest",
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "android.hardware.drm@1.2-vts",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    local_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
     srcs: [
         "drm_hal_clearkey_module.cpp",
         "drm_hal_common.cpp",
         "drm_hal_test.cpp",
-        "vendor_modules.cpp",
     ],
-    include_dirs: ["hardware/interfaces/drm/1.0/vts/functional"],
-    static_libs: [
+    shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
         "android.hardware.drm@1.1",
         "android.hardware.drm@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
         "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
         "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
+        "libcrypto",
         "libhidlmemory",
         "libnativehelper",
-        "libssl",
-        "libcrypto_static",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
+        "libdrmvtshelper",
+    ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.2",
+    ],
+    export_static_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalDrmV1_2TargetTest",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "drm_hal_test_main.cpp",
+    ],
+    whole_static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.2-vts",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.2",
+        "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
+        "libcrypto",
+        "libhidlmemory",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
+        "libdrmvtshelper",
+    ],
+    arch: {
+        arm: {
+            data: [":libvtswidevine-arm-prebuilts"],
+        },
+        arm64: {
+            data: [":libvtswidevine-arm64-prebuilts"],
+        },
+        x86: {
+            data: [":libvtswidevine-x86-prebuilts"],
+        },
+        x86_64: {
+            data: [":libvtswidevine-x86_64-prebuilts"],
+        },
+    },
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5da38ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalDrmV1_2TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer"/>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="VtsHalDrmV1_2TargetTest" value="/data/local/tmp/VtsHalDrmV1_2TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="libvtswidevine64.so" value="/data/local/tmp/64/lib/libvtswidevine.so" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="libvtswidevine32.so" value="/data/local/tmp/32/lib/libvtswidevine.so" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalDrmV1_2TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.cpp b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.cpp
index bfffbe8..d5e453c 100644
--- a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.cpp
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include "vendor_modules.h"
 #define LOG_TAG "drm_hal_common@1.2"
 
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@
 #include <random>
 
 #include "drm_hal_clearkey_module.h"
-#include "drm_hal_common.h"
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.2/vts/drm_hal_common.h"
 
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::BufferType;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::DestinationBuffer;
@@ -81,16 +82,19 @@
     return Void();
 }
 
+static DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1* getModuleForInstance(const std::string& instance) {
+    if (instance == "clearkey" || instance == "default") {
+        return new DrmHalVTSClearkeyModule();
+    }
+
+    return static_cast<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1*>(DrmHalTest::gVendorModules->getModuleByName(instance));
+}
+
 /**
  * DrmHalTest
  */
 
-DrmHalTest::DrmHalTest()
-    : vendorModule(GetParam() == "clearkey"
-            ? new DrmHalVTSClearkeyModule()
-            : static_cast<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1*>(gVendorModules->getModule(GetParam()))),
-      contentConfigurations(vendorModule->getContentConfigurations()) {
-}
+DrmHalTest::DrmHalTest() : vendorModule(getModuleForInstance(GetParamService())) {}
 
 void DrmHalTest::SetUp() {
     const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
@@ -98,29 +102,34 @@
 
     ALOGD("Running test %s.%s from (vendor) module %s",
           test_info->test_case_name(), test_info->name(),
-          GetParam().c_str());
+          GetParamService().c_str());
 
-    string name = vendorModule->getServiceName();
-    drmFactory = VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IDrmFactory>(name);
-    if (drmFactory == nullptr) {
-        drmFactory = VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IDrmFactory>();
-    }
-    if (drmFactory != nullptr) {
-        drmPlugin = createDrmPlugin();
+    const string instance = GetParamService();
+
+    drmFactory = IDrmFactory::getService(instance);
+    ASSERT_NE(drmFactory, nullptr);
+    drmPlugin = createDrmPlugin();
+
+    cryptoFactory = ICryptoFactory::getService(instance);
+    ASSERT_NE(cryptoFactory, nullptr);
+    cryptoPlugin = createCryptoPlugin();
+
+    if (!vendorModule) {
+        ASSERT_NE(instance, "widevine") << "Widevine requires vendor module.";
+        ASSERT_NE(instance, "clearkey") << "Clearkey requires vendor module.";
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "No vendor module installed";
     }
 
-    cryptoFactory = VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>(name);
-    if (cryptoFactory == nullptr) {
-        cryptoFactory = VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>();
-    }
-    if (cryptoFactory != nullptr) {
-        cryptoPlugin = createCryptoPlugin();
-    }
+    ASSERT_EQ(instance, vendorModule->getServiceName());
+    contentConfigurations = vendorModule->getContentConfigurations();
 
     // If drm scheme not installed skip subsequent tests
-    if (!drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getVendorUUID())) {
-        vendorModule->setInstalled(false);
-        return;
+    if (!drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getUUID())) {
+        if (GetParamUUID() == hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>()) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "vendor module drm scheme not supported";
+        } else {
+            FAIL() << "param scheme must be supported: " << android::hardware::toString(GetParamUUID());
+        }
     }
 
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmPlugin.get()) << "Can't find " << vendorModule->getServiceName() <<  " drm@1.2 plugin";
@@ -134,12 +143,12 @@
     }
     sp<IDrmPlugin> plugin = nullptr;
     hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
-    auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
-            getVendorUUID(), packageName,
-                    [&](StatusV1_0 status, const sp<IDrmPluginV1_0>& pluginV1_0) {
-                EXPECT_EQ(StatusV1_0::OK, status);
-                plugin = IDrmPlugin::castFrom(pluginV1_0);
-            });
+    auto res =
+            drmFactory->createPlugin(getUUID(), packageName,
+                                     [&](StatusV1_0 status, const sp<IDrmPluginV1_0>& pluginV1_0) {
+                                         EXPECT_EQ(StatusV1_0::OK == status, pluginV1_0 != nullptr);
+                                         plugin = IDrmPlugin::castFrom(pluginV1_0);
+                                     });
 
     if (!res.isOk()) {
         ALOGE("createDrmPlugin remote call failed");
@@ -154,9 +163,9 @@
     sp<ICryptoPlugin> plugin = nullptr;
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
     auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
-            getVendorUUID(), initVec,
-                    [&](StatusV1_0 status, const sp<ICryptoPluginV1_0>& pluginV1_0) {
-                EXPECT_EQ(StatusV1_0::OK, status);
+            getUUID(), initVec,
+            [&](StatusV1_0 status, const sp<ICryptoPluginV1_0>& pluginV1_0) {
+                EXPECT_EQ(StatusV1_0::OK == status, pluginV1_0 != nullptr);
                 plugin = ICryptoPlugin::castFrom(pluginV1_0);
             });
     if (!res.isOk()) {
@@ -165,11 +174,63 @@
     return plugin;
 }
 
+hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> DrmHalTest::getUUID() {
+    if (GetParamUUID() == hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>()) {
+        return getVendorUUID();
+    }
+    return GetParamUUID();
+}
+
 hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> DrmHalTest::getVendorUUID() {
+    if (vendorModule == nullptr) return {};
     vector<uint8_t> uuid = vendorModule->getUUID();
     return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&uuid[0]);
 }
 
+void DrmHalTest::provision() {
+    hidl_string certificateType;
+    hidl_string certificateAuthority;
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> provisionRequest;
+    hidl_string defaultUrl;
+    auto res = drmPlugin->getProvisionRequest_1_2(
+            certificateType, certificateAuthority,
+            [&](StatusV1_2 status, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& request,
+                const hidl_string& url) {
+                if (status == StatusV1_2::OK) {
+                    EXPECT_NE(request.size(), 0u);
+                    provisionRequest = request;
+                    defaultUrl = url;
+                } else if (status == StatusV1_2::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(0u, request.size());
+                }
+            });
+    EXPECT_OK(res);
+
+    if (provisionRequest.size() > 0) {
+        vector<uint8_t> response = vendorModule->handleProvisioningRequest(
+                provisionRequest, defaultUrl);
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, response.size());
+
+        auto res = drmPlugin->provideProvisionResponse(
+                response, [&](StatusV1_0 status, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&,
+                              const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(StatusV1_0::OK, status);
+                });
+        EXPECT_OK(res);
+    }
+}
+
+SessionId DrmHalTest::openSession(SecurityLevel level, StatusV1_0 *err) {
+    SessionId sessionId;
+    auto res = drmPlugin->openSession_1_1(level,
+        [&](StatusV1_0 status, const hidl_vec<unsigned char> &id) {
+            *err = status;
+            sessionId = id;
+    });
+    EXPECT_OK(res);
+    return sessionId;
+}
+
 /**
  * Helper method to open a session and verify that a non-empty
  * session ID is returned
@@ -459,7 +520,7 @@
 /**
  * Helper method to test decryption with invalid keys is returned
  */
-void DrmHalClearkeyTest::decryptWithInvalidKeys(
+void DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2::decryptWithInvalidKeys(
         hidl_vec<uint8_t>& invalidResponse,
         vector<uint8_t>& iv,
         const Pattern& noPattern,
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test.cpp b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test.cpp
index 37ecc25..0dfff26 100644
--- a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test.cpp
@@ -18,10 +18,12 @@
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <openssl/aes.h>
+#include <vector>
 
-#include "drm_hal_common.h"
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.2/vts/drm_hal_common.h"
 
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Status;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::KeyRequestType;
@@ -32,13 +34,13 @@
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::KeyStatusType;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::OfflineLicenseState;
 
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHalClearkeyTest;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHalPluginListener;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHalTest;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHidlEnvironment;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::kCallbackLostState;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::kCallbackKeysChange;
 
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 
 static const char* const kVideoMp4 = "video/mp4";
@@ -47,12 +49,13 @@
 static const char* const kDrmErrorInvalidState = "invalidState";
 static const char* const kDrmErrorResourceContention = "resourceContention";
 static const SecurityLevel kSwSecureCrypto = SecurityLevel::SW_SECURE_CRYPTO;
+static const SecurityLevel kHwSecureAll = SecurityLevel::HW_SECURE_ALL;
 
 /**
  * Ensure drm factory supports module UUID Scheme
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, VendorUuidSupported) {
-    auto res = drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(getVendorUUID(), kVideoMp4, kSwSecureCrypto);
+    auto res = drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(getUUID(), kVideoMp4, kSwSecureCrypto);
     ALOGI("kVideoMp4 = %s res %d", kVideoMp4, (bool)res);
     EXPECT_TRUE(res);
 }
@@ -80,7 +83,7 @@
  * Ensure drm factory doesn't support an invalid mime type
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, BadMimeNotSupported) {
-    EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(getVendorUUID(), kBadMime, kSwSecureCrypto));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(getUUID(), kBadMime, kSwSecureCrypto));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -96,36 +99,17 @@
  * that is delivered back to the HAL.
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, DoProvisioning) {
-    RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
-    hidl_string certificateType;
-    hidl_string certificateAuthority;
-    hidl_vec<uint8_t> provisionRequest;
-    hidl_string defaultUrl;
-    auto res = drmPlugin->getProvisionRequest_1_2(
-            certificateType, certificateAuthority,
-            [&](StatusV1_2 status, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& request,
-                const hidl_string& url) {
-                if (status == StatusV1_2::OK) {
-                    EXPECT_NE(request.size(), 0u);
-                    provisionRequest = request;
-                    defaultUrl = url;
-                } else if (status == StatusV1_2::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(0u, request.size());
-                }
-            });
-    EXPECT_OK(res);
-
-    if (provisionRequest.size() > 0) {
-        vector<uint8_t> response = vendorModule->handleProvisioningRequest(
-                provisionRequest, defaultUrl);
-        ASSERT_NE(0u, response.size());
-
-        auto res = drmPlugin->provideProvisionResponse(
-                response, [&](Status status, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&,
-                              const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                });
-        EXPECT_OK(res);
+    for (auto level : {kHwSecureAll, kSwSecureCrypto}) {
+        StatusV1_0 err = StatusV1_0::OK;
+        auto sid = openSession(level, &err);
+        if (err == StatusV1_0::OK) {
+            closeSession(sid);
+        } else if (err == StatusV1_0::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE) {
+            continue;
+        } else {
+            EXPECT_EQ(StatusV1_0::ERROR_DRM_NOT_PROVISIONED, err);
+            provision();
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -282,7 +266,6 @@
  * the listener gets them.
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, ListenerKeysChange) {
-    RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     sp<DrmHalPluginListener> listener = new DrmHalPluginListener();
     auto res = drmPlugin->setListener(listener);
     EXPECT_OK(res);
@@ -314,7 +297,6 @@
  * Positive decrypt test.  "Decrypt" a single clear segment
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, ClearSegmentTest) {
-    RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     for (const auto& config : contentConfigurations) {
         for (const auto& key : config.keys) {
             const size_t kSegmentSize = 1024;
@@ -342,7 +324,6 @@
  * Verify data matches.
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, EncryptedAesCtrSegmentTest) {
-    RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     for (const auto& config : contentConfigurations) {
         for (const auto& key : config.keys) {
             const size_t kSegmentSize = 1024;
@@ -369,7 +350,6 @@
  * Negative decrypt test.  Decrypted frame too large to fit in output buffer
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, ErrorFrameTooLarge) {
-    RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     for (const auto& config : contentConfigurations) {
         for (const auto& key : config.keys) {
             const size_t kSegmentSize = 1024;
@@ -395,7 +375,6 @@
  * Negative decrypt test. Decrypt without loading keys.
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, EncryptedAesCtrSegmentTestNoKeys) {
-    RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     for (const auto& config : contentConfigurations) {
         for (const auto& key : config.keys) {
             vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
@@ -420,15 +399,14 @@
 /**
  * Ensure clearkey drm factory doesn't support security level higher than supported
  */
-TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, BadLevelNotSupported) {
-    const SecurityLevel kHwSecureAll = SecurityLevel::HW_SECURE_ALL;
-    EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(getVendorUUID(), kVideoMp4, kHwSecureAll));
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, BadLevelNotSupported) {
+    EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(getUUID(), kVideoMp4, kHwSecureAll));
 }
 
 /**
  * Test resource contention during attempt to generate key request
  */
-TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequestResourceContention) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, GetKeyRequestResourceContention) {
     Status status = drmPlugin->setPropertyString(kDrmErrorTestKey, kDrmErrorResourceContention);
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
     auto sessionId = openSession();
@@ -449,7 +427,7 @@
 /**
  * Test clearkey plugin offline key with mock error
  */
-TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, OfflineLicenseInvalidState) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, OfflineLicenseInvalidState) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keySetId = loadKeys(sessionId, KeyType::OFFLINE);
     Status status = drmPlugin->setPropertyString(kDrmErrorTestKey, kDrmErrorInvalidState);
@@ -470,7 +448,7 @@
 /**
  * Test SessionLostState is triggered on error
  */
-TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, SessionLostState) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, SessionLostState) {
     sp<DrmHalPluginListener> listener = new DrmHalPluginListener();
     auto res = drmPlugin->setListener(listener);
     EXPECT_OK(res);
@@ -490,7 +468,7 @@
 /**
  * Negative decrypt test. Decrypt with invalid key.
  */
-TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, DecryptWithEmptyKey) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, DecryptWithEmptyKey) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const uint32_t kClearBytes = 512;
@@ -527,7 +505,7 @@
 /**
  * Negative decrypt test. Decrypt with a key exceeds AES_BLOCK_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, DecryptWithKeyTooLong) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, DecryptWithKeyTooLong) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const uint32_t kClearBytes = 512;
@@ -554,38 +532,3 @@
     memcpy(invalidResponse.data(), keyTooLongResponse.c_str(), kKeyTooLongResponseSize);
     decryptWithInvalidKeys(invalidResponse, iv, noPattern, subSamples);
 }
-
-/**
- * Instantiate the set of test cases for each vendor module
- */
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        DrmHalTestClearkey, DrmHalTest,
-        testing::Values("clearkey"));
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        DrmHalTestClearkeyExtended, DrmHalClearkeyTest,
-        testing::Values("clearkey"));
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        DrmHalTestVendor, DrmHalTest,
-        testing::ValuesIn(DrmHalTest::gVendorModules->getPathList()));
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-#if defined(__LP64__)
-    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/64/lib";
-#else
-    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/32/lib";
-#endif
-    DrmHalTest::gVendorModules = new drm_vts::VendorModules(kModulePath);
-    if (DrmHalTest::gVendorModules->getPathList().size() == 0) {
-        std::cerr << "WARNING: No vendor modules found in " << kModulePath <<
-                ", all vendor tests will be skipped" << std::endl;
-    }
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(DrmHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    DrmHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea6e63d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Instantiate the set of test cases for each vendor module
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "drm_hal_test@1.2"
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.2/vts/drm_hal_common.h"
+
+using android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHalTest;
+using android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2;
+using drm_vts::DrmHalTestParam;
+using drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString;
+
+static const std::vector<DrmHalTestParam> kAllInstances = [] {
+    using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::ICryptoFactory;
+    using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::IDrmFactory;
+
+    std::vector<std::string> drmInstances =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDrmFactory::descriptor);
+    std::vector<std::string> cryptoInstances =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ICryptoFactory::descriptor);
+    std::set<std::string> allInstances;
+    allInstances.insert(drmInstances.begin(), drmInstances.end());
+    allInstances.insert(cryptoInstances.begin(), cryptoInstances.end());
+
+    std::vector<DrmHalTestParam> allInstanceUuidCombos;
+    auto noUUID = [](std::string s) { return DrmHalTestParam(s); };
+    std::transform(allInstances.begin(), allInstances.end(),
+            std::back_inserter(allInstanceUuidCombos), noUUID);
+    return allInstanceUuidCombos;
+}();
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, DrmHalTest, testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                         PrintParamInstanceToString);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                         PrintParamInstanceToString);
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+#if defined(__LP64__)
+    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/64/lib";
+#else
+    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/32/lib";
+#endif
+    DrmHalTest::gVendorModules = new drm_vts::VendorModules(kModulePath);
+    if (DrmHalTest::gVendorModules->getPathList().size() == 0) {
+        std::cerr << "WARNING: No vendor modules found in " << kModulePath <<
+                ", all vendor tests will be skipped" << std::endl;
+    }
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
+    return status;
+}
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.h b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.2/vts/drm_hal_common.h
similarity index 81%
rename from drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.h
rename to drm/1.2/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.2/vts/drm_hal_common.h
index e348664..6fee6f4 100644
--- a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.h
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.2/vts/drm_hal_common.h
@@ -23,29 +23,33 @@
 #include <android/hardware/drm/1.2/IDrmPlugin.h>
 #include <android/hardware/drm/1.2/IDrmPluginListener.h>
 #include <android/hardware/drm/1.2/types.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
 
+#include <array>
 #include <chrono>
+# include <iostream>
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h"
+#include "drm_vts_helper.h"
 #include "vendor_modules.h"
 #include "VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h"
-#include "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h"
 
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::EventType;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyedVector;
-using KeyStatusV1_0 = ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyStatus;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyType;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Mode;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Pattern;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SessionId;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SubSample;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::SecurityLevel;
 
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::ICryptoFactory;
-
+using KeyStatusV1_0 = ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyStatus;
+using StatusV1_0 = ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Status;
 using StatusV1_2 = ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::Status;
 
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
@@ -56,50 +60,24 @@
 using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-using ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase;
+using drm_vts::DrmHalTestParam;
 
+using std::array;
 using std::map;
+using std::pair;
 using std::string;
 using std::unique_ptr;
 using std::vector;
 
 #define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
 
-#define RETURN_IF_SKIPPED \
-    if (!vendorModule->isInstalled()) { \
-        std::cout << "[  SKIPPED ] This drm scheme not supported." << \
-                " library:" << GetParam() << " service-name:" << \
-                vendorModule->getServiceName() << std::endl; \
-        return; \
-    }
-
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace drm {
 namespace V1_2 {
 namespace vts {
 
-class DrmHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static DrmHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static DrmHidlEnvironment* instance = new DrmHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<ICryptoFactory>();
-        registerTestService<IDrmFactory>();
-        setServiceCombMode(::testing::HalServiceCombMode::NO_COMBINATION);
-    }
-
-   private:
-    DrmHidlEnvironment() {}
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(DrmHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class DrmHalTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+class DrmHalTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<DrmHalTestParam> {
    public:
     static drm_vts::VendorModules* gVendorModules;
     DrmHalTest();
@@ -107,7 +85,12 @@
     virtual void TearDown() override {}
 
    protected:
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> getUUID();
     hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> getVendorUUID();
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> GetParamUUID() { return GetParam().scheme_; }
+    string GetParamService() { return GetParam().instance_; }
+    void provision();
+    SessionId openSession(SecurityLevel level, StatusV1_0* err);
     SessionId openSession();
     void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId,
@@ -142,17 +125,25 @@
     sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
     sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
     unique_ptr<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1> vendorModule;
-    const vector<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1::ContentConfiguration> contentConfigurations;
+    vector<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1::ContentConfiguration> contentConfigurations;
 
-   private:
+  private:
     sp<IDrmPlugin> createDrmPlugin();
     sp<ICryptoPlugin> createCryptoPlugin();
 
 };
 
-class DrmHalClearkeyTest : public DrmHalTest {
+class DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2 : public DrmHalTest {
    public:
-    virtual void SetUp() override { DrmHalTest::SetUp(); }
+     virtual void SetUp() override {
+         DrmHalTest::SetUp();
+         const uint8_t kClearKeyUUID[16] = {
+             0xE2, 0x71, 0x9D, 0x58, 0xA9, 0x85, 0xB3, 0xC9,
+             0x78, 0x1A, 0xB0, 0x30, 0xAF, 0x78, 0xD3, 0x0E};
+         if (!drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kClearKeyUUID)) {
+             GTEST_SKIP() << "ClearKey not supported by " << GetParamService();
+         }
+     }
     virtual void TearDown() override {}
     void decryptWithInvalidKeys(hidl_vec<uint8_t>& invalidResponse,
             vector<uint8_t>& iv, const Pattern& noPattern, const vector<SubSample>& subSamples);
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index efcb90a..0000000
--- a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#define LOG_TAG "drm-vts-vendor-modules"
-
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <dlfcn.h>
-#include <log/log.h>
-#include <memory>
-#include <utils/String8.h>
-#include <SharedLibrary.h>
-
-#include "vendor_modules.h"
-
-using std::string;
-using std::vector;
-using std::unique_ptr;
-using ::android::String8;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::helper::SharedLibrary;
-
-namespace drm_vts {
-void VendorModules::scanModules(const std::string &directory) {
-    DIR* dir = opendir(directory.c_str());
-    if (dir == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Unable to open drm VTS vendor directory %s", directory.c_str());
-    } else {
-        struct dirent* entry;
-        while ((entry = readdir(dir))) {
-            ALOGD("checking file %s", entry->d_name);
-            string fullpath = directory + "/" + entry->d_name;
-            if (endsWith(fullpath, ".so")) {
-                mPathList.push_back(fullpath);
-            }
-        }
-        closedir(dir);
-    }
-}
-
-DrmHalVTSVendorModule* VendorModules::getModule(const string& path) {
-    if (mOpenLibraries.find(path) == mOpenLibraries.end()) {
-        auto library = std::make_unique<SharedLibrary>(String8(path.c_str()));
-        if (!library) {
-            ALOGE("failed to map shared library %s", path.c_str());
-            return NULL;
-        }
-        mOpenLibraries[path] = std::move(library);
-    }
-    const unique_ptr<SharedLibrary>& library = mOpenLibraries[path];
-    void* symbol = library->lookup("vendorModuleFactory");
-    if (symbol == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("getVendorModule failed to lookup 'vendorModuleFactory' in %s: "
-              "%s", path.c_str(), library->lastError());
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    typedef DrmHalVTSVendorModule* (*ModuleFactory)();
-    ModuleFactory moduleFactory = reinterpret_cast<ModuleFactory>(symbol);
-    return (*moduleFactory)();
-}
-};
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/vendor_modules.h b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/vendor_modules.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 9b730ad..0000000
--- a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/vendor_modules.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef VENDOR_MODULES_H
-#define VENDOR_MODULES_H
-
-#include <map>
-#include <vector>
-#include <string>
-
-#include <SharedLibrary.h>
-
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::helper::SharedLibrary;
-
-class DrmHalVTSVendorModule;
-
-namespace drm_vts {
-class VendorModules {
-   public:
-    /**
-     * Initialize with a file system path where the shared libraries
-     * are to be found.
-     */
-    explicit VendorModules(const std::string& dir) {
-        scanModules(dir);
-    }
-    ~VendorModules() {}
-
-    /**
-     * Retrieve a DrmHalVTSVendorModule given its full path.  The
-     * getAPIVersion method can be used to determine the versioned
-     * subclass type.
-     */
-    DrmHalVTSVendorModule* getModule(const std::string& path);
-
-    /**
-     * Return the list of paths to available vendor modules.
-     */
-    std::vector<std::string> getPathList() const {return mPathList;}
-
-   private:
-    std::vector<std::string> mPathList;
-    std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<SharedLibrary>> mOpenLibraries;
-
-    /**
-     * Scan the list of paths to available vendor modules.
-     */
-    void scanModules(const std::string& dir);
-
-    inline bool endsWith(const std::string& str, const std::string& suffix) const {
-        if (suffix.size() > str.size()) return false;
-        return std::equal(suffix.rbegin(), suffix.rend(), str.rbegin());
-    }
-
-    VendorModules(const VendorModules&) = delete;
-    void operator=(const VendorModules&) = delete;
-};
-};
-
-#endif  // VENDOR_MODULES_H
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.0/default/DumpstateDevice.cpp b/dumpstate/1.0/default/DumpstateDevice.cpp
index c57bf43..e3c2e0b 100644
--- a/dumpstate/1.0/default/DumpstateDevice.cpp
+++ b/dumpstate/1.0/default/DumpstateDevice.cpp
@@ -51,9 +51,8 @@
     ALOGI("Dumpstate HIDL not provided by device\n");
     dprintf(fd, "Dumpstate HIDL not provided by device; providing bogus data.\n");
 
-    // Shows some examples on how to use the libdumpstateutil API.
-    RunCommandToFd(fd, "DATE", {"/vendor/bin/date"});
-    DumpFileToFd(fd, "HOSTS", "/system/etc/hosts");
+    // Shows an example on how to use the libdumpstateutil API.
+    DumpFileToFd(fd, "cmdline", "/proc/self/cmdline");
 
     return Void();
 }
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/dumpstate/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 96b13c5..343d4c9 100644
--- a/dumpstate/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/dumpstate/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(1, read(fds[0], &buff, 1)) << "dumped nothing";
 
     native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
 }
 
 // Positive test: make sure dumpstateBoard() doesn't crash with two FDs.
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Status should be ok: " << status.description();
 
     native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
 }
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/Android.bp b/dumpstate/1.1/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2aa8c82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
+
+hidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1",
+    root: "android.hardware",
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
+    srcs: [
+        "types.hal",
+        "IDumpstateDevice.hal",
+    ],
+    interfaces: [
+        "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+    ],
+    gen_java: true,
+}
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/IDumpstateDevice.hal b/dumpstate/1.1/IDumpstateDevice.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..183404d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/IDumpstateDevice.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1;
+
+import @1.0::IDumpstateDevice;
+
+interface IDumpstateDevice extends @1.0::IDumpstateDevice {
+    /**
+     * Extension of dumpstateBoard which also accepts a mode parameter to limit dumped data.
+     *
+     * For an example of when this is relevant, consider a bug report being generated with
+     * DumpstateMode::CONNECTIVITY - there is no reason to include camera or USB logs in this type
+     * of report.
+     *
+     * The 1.0 version of #dumpstateBoard(handle) should just delegate to this new method and pass
+     * DumpstateMode::DEFAULT and a timeout of 30,000ms (30 seconds).
+     *
+     * This method may still be called by the dumpstate routine even if getVerboseLoggingEnabled
+     * returns false. In this case, it may include essential information but must not include
+     * information that identifies the user.
+     *
+     * @param h A native handle with one or two valid file descriptors. The first FD is for text
+     *     output, the second (if present) is for binary output.
+     * @param mode A mode value to restrict dumped content.
+     * @param timeoutMillis An approximate "budget" for how much time this call has been allotted.
+     *     If execution runs longer than this, the IDumpstateDevice service may be killed and only
+     *     partial information will be included in the report.
+     * @return status A DumpstateStatus value indicating the final result.
+     */
+    dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle h, DumpstateMode mode, uint64_t timeoutMillis)
+        generates (DumpstateStatus status);
+
+    /**
+     * Turns verbose device vendor logging on or off.
+     *
+     * The setting should be persistent across reboots. Underlying implementations may need to start
+     * vendor logging daemons, set system properties, or change logging masks, for example. Given
+     * that many vendor logs contain significant amounts of private information and may come with
+     * memory/storage/battery impacts, calling this method on a user build should only be done after
+     * user consent has been obtained, e.g. from a toggle in developer settings.
+     *
+     * Even if verbose logging has been disabled, dumpstateBoard may still be called by the
+     * dumpstate routine, and essential information that does not identify the user may be included.
+     *
+     * @param enable Whether to enable or disable verbose vendor logging.
+     */
+    setVerboseLoggingEnabled(bool enable);
+
+    /**
+     * Queries the current state of verbose device logging. Primarily for UI and informative
+     * purposes.
+     *
+     * Even if verbose logging has been disabled, dumpstateBoard may still be called by the
+     * dumpstate routine, and essential information that does not identify the user may be included.
+     *
+     * @return enabled Whether or not verbose vendor logging is currently enabled.
+     */
+    getVerboseLoggingEnabled() generates (bool enabled);
+};
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/default/Android.bp b/dumpstate/1.1/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd92075
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1-service.example",
+    vendor: true,
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
+    init_rc: [
+        "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1-service.example.rc",
+    ],
+    vintf_fragments: [
+        "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1-service.example.xml",
+    ],
+    srcs: ["main.cpp"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1",
+        "libbase",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libdumpstateutil",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "liblog",
+        "libutils",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-DLOG_TAG=\"android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1-service.example\"",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/default/android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1-service.example.rc b/dumpstate/1.1/default/android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1-service.example.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a1e06a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/default/android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1-service.example.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+service dumpstate-1-1 /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1-service.example
+    class hal
+    user nobody
+    group nobody
+    interface android.hardware.dumpstate@1.0::IDumpstateDevice default
+    interface android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1::IDumpstateDevice default
+    oneshot
+    disabled
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/default/android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1-service.example.xml b/dumpstate/1.1/default/android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1-service.example.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..775e8c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/default/android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1-service.example.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<manifest version="1.0" type="device">
+    <hal format="hidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.dumpstate</name>
+        <transport>hwbinder</transport>
+        <version>1.1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IDumpstateDevice</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/default/main.cpp b/dumpstate/1.1/default/main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4510f63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/default/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <android/hardware/dumpstate/1.1/IDumpstateDevice.h>
+#include <android/hardware/dumpstate/1.1/types.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlLazyUtils.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include "DumpstateUtil.h"
+
+namespace {
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_handle;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::Void;
+
+using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::DumpstateMode;
+using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::DumpstateStatus;
+using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::IDumpstateDevice;
+
+using ::android::os::dumpstate::DumpFileToFd;
+
+const char kVerboseLoggingProperty[] = "persist.dumpstate.verbose_logging.enabled";
+
+struct DumpstateDevice : public IDumpstateDevice {
+    // 1.1
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> dumpstateBoard_1_1(const hidl_handle& handle, const DumpstateMode mode,
+                                               uint64_t /*timeoutMillis*/) override {
+        if (handle == nullptr || handle->numFds < 1) {
+            ALOGE("no FDs\n");
+            return DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+        }
+
+        int fd = handle->data[0];
+        if (fd < 0) {
+            ALOGE("invalid FD: %d\n", fd);
+            return DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+        }
+
+        switch (mode) {
+            case DumpstateMode::FULL:
+                return dumpstateBoardImpl(fd, true);
+
+            case DumpstateMode::DEFAULT:
+                return dumpstateBoardImpl(fd, false);
+
+            case DumpstateMode::INTERACTIVE:
+            case DumpstateMode::REMOTE:
+            case DumpstateMode::WEAR:
+            case DumpstateMode::CONNECTIVITY:
+            case DumpstateMode::WIFI:
+            case DumpstateMode::PROTO:
+                ALOGE("The requested mode is not supported: %s\n", toString(mode).c_str());
+                return DumpstateStatus::UNSUPPORTED_MODE;
+
+            default:
+                ALOGE("The requested mode is invalid: %s\n", toString(mode).c_str());
+                return DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Return<void> setVerboseLoggingEnabled(bool enable) override {
+        ::android::base::SetProperty(kVerboseLoggingProperty, enable ? "true" : "false");
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    Return<bool> getVerboseLoggingEnabled() override { return getVerboseLoggingEnabledImpl(); }
+
+    // 1.0
+    Return<void> dumpstateBoard(const hidl_handle& h) override {
+        dumpstateBoard_1_1(h, DumpstateMode::DEFAULT, 0);
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    DumpstateStatus dumpstateBoardImpl(const int fd, const bool full) {
+        ALOGD("DumpstateDevice::dumpstateBoard() FD: %d\n", fd);
+        ALOGI("Dumpstate HIDL not provided by device\n");
+
+        dprintf(fd, "verbose logging: %s\n",
+                getVerboseLoggingEnabledImpl() ? "enabled" : "disabled");
+
+        dprintf(fd, "[%s] %s\n", (full ? "full" : "default"), "Hello, world!");
+
+        // Shows an example on how to use the libdumpstateutil API.
+        DumpFileToFd(fd, "cmdline", "/proc/self/cmdline");
+
+        return DumpstateStatus::OK;
+    }
+
+    static bool getVerboseLoggingEnabledImpl() {
+        return ::android::base::GetBoolProperty(kVerboseLoggingProperty, false);
+    }
+};
+}  // namespace
+
+int main(int, char**) {
+    using ::android::sp;
+    using ::android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool;
+    using ::android::hardware::joinRpcThreadpool;
+    using ::android::hardware::LazyServiceRegistrar;
+
+    configureRpcThreadpool(1, true);
+
+    auto dumpstate = sp<DumpstateDevice>::make();
+    auto serviceRegistrar = LazyServiceRegistrar::getInstance();
+
+    if (serviceRegistrar.registerService(dumpstate) != ::android::OK) {
+        ALOGE("Could not register service.");
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    joinRpcThreadpool();
+    return 0;
+}
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/types.hal b/dumpstate/1.1/types.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c522f7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/types.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1;
+
+/**
+ * Constants that define the type of bug report being taken to restrict content appropriately.
+ */
+enum DumpstateMode : uint32_t {
+    /**
+     * Takes a bug report without user interference.
+     */
+    FULL = 0,
+    /**
+     * Interactive bug report, i.e. triggered by the user.
+     */
+    INTERACTIVE = 1,
+    /**
+     * Remote bug report triggered by DevicePolicyManager, for example.
+     */
+    REMOTE = 2,
+    /**
+     * Bug report triggered on a wear device.
+     */
+    WEAR = 3,
+    /**
+     * Bug report limited to only connectivity info (cellular, wifi, and networking). Sometimes
+     * called "telephony" in legacy contexts.
+     *
+     * All reported information MUST directly relate to connectivity debugging or customer support
+     * and MUST NOT contain unrelated private information. This information MUST NOT identify
+     * user-installed packages (UIDs are OK, package names are not), and MUST NOT contain logs of
+     * user application traffic.
+     */
+    CONNECTIVITY = 4,
+    /**
+     * Bug report limited to only wifi info.
+     */
+    WIFI = 5,
+    /**
+     * Default mode, essentially analogous to calling @1.0::IDumpstateDevice.dumpstateBoard(handle).
+     * This mode MUST be supported if the dumpstate HAL is implemented.
+     */
+    DEFAULT = 6,
+    /**
+     * Takes a report in protobuf.
+     *
+     * The content, if implemented, must be a binary protobuf message written to the first file
+     * descriptor of the native handle. The protobuf schema shall be defined by the vendor.
+     */
+    PROTO = 7,
+};
+
+/**
+ * A simple return enum for use with dumpstateBoard_1_1.
+ */
+enum DumpstateStatus : uint32_t {
+    OK = 0,
+    /**
+     * Returned for cases where the device doesn't support the given DumpstateMode (e.g. a phone
+     * trying to use DumpstateMode::WEAR).
+     */
+    UNSUPPORTED_MODE = 1,
+    /**
+     * Returned for cases where an IllegalArgumentException is typically appropriate, e.g. missing
+     * file descriptors.
+     */
+    ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT = 2,
+    /**
+     * Returned when device logging is not enabled.
+     */
+    DEVICE_LOGGING_NOT_ENABLED = 3,
+};
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5267706
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest.cpp"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest.cpp b/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1bef663
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,344 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "dumpstate_1_1_hidl_hal_test"
+
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <android/hardware/dumpstate/1.1/IDumpstateDevice.h>
+#include <android/hardware/dumpstate/1.1/types.h>
+#include <cutils/native_handle.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+namespace {
+
+using ::android::sp;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::DumpstateMode;
+using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::DumpstateStatus;
+using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::IDumpstateDevice;
+using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::toString;
+
+// Base class common to all dumpstate HAL v1.1 tests.
+template <typename T>
+class DumpstateHidl1_1TestBase : public ::testing::TestWithParam<T> {
+  protected:
+    virtual void SetUp() override { GetService(); }
+
+    virtual std::string GetInstanceName() = 0;
+
+    void GetService() {
+        const std::string instance_name = GetInstanceName();
+        dumpstate = IDumpstateDevice::getService(instance_name);
+        ASSERT_NE(dumpstate, nullptr) << "Could not get HIDL instance " << instance_name;
+    }
+
+    void ToggleVerboseLogging(bool enable) {
+        Return<void> status = dumpstate->setVerboseLoggingEnabled(enable);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Status should be ok: " << status.description();
+
+        if (!dumpstate->ping().isOk()) {
+            ALOGW("IDumpstateDevice service appears to have exited lazily, attempting to get "
+                  "again");
+            GetService();
+        }
+
+        Return<bool> logging_enabled = dumpstate->getVerboseLoggingEnabled();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(logging_enabled.isOk())
+                << "Status should be ok: " << logging_enabled.description();
+        ASSERT_EQ(logging_enabled, enable)
+                << "Verbose logging should now be " << (enable ? "enabled" : "disabled");
+
+        if (!dumpstate->ping().isOk()) {
+            ALOGW("IDumpstateDevice service appears to have exited lazily, attempting to get "
+                  "again");
+            GetService();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void EnableVerboseLogging() { ToggleVerboseLogging(true); }
+
+    void DisableVerboseLogging() { ToggleVerboseLogging(false); }
+
+    sp<IDumpstateDevice> dumpstate;
+};
+
+// Tests that don't need to iterate every single DumpstateMode value for dumpstateBoard_1_1.
+class DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest : public DumpstateHidl1_1TestBase<std::string> {
+  protected:
+    virtual std::string GetInstanceName() override { return GetParam(); }
+};
+
+// Tests that iterate every single DumpstateMode value for dumpstateBoard_1_1.
+class DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest
+    : public DumpstateHidl1_1TestBase<std::tuple<std::string, DumpstateMode>> {
+  protected:
+    virtual std::string GetInstanceName() override { return std::get<0>(GetParam()); }
+
+    DumpstateMode GetMode() { return std::get<1>(GetParam()); }
+
+    // Will only execute additional_assertions when status == expected.
+    void AssertStatusForMode(const Return<DumpstateStatus>& status, const DumpstateStatus expected,
+                             std::function<void()> additional_assertions = nullptr) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk())
+                << "Status should be ok and return a more specific DumpstateStatus: "
+                << status.description();
+        if (GetMode() == DumpstateMode::DEFAULT) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(expected, status)
+                    << "Required mode (DumpstateMode::" << toString(GetMode())
+                    << "): status should be DumpstateStatus::" << toString(expected)
+                    << ", but got DumpstateStatus::" << toString(status);
+        } else {
+            // The rest of the modes are optional to support, but they MUST return either the
+            // expected value or UNSUPPORTED_MODE.
+            ASSERT_TRUE(status == expected || status == DumpstateStatus::UNSUPPORTED_MODE)
+                    << "Optional mode (DumpstateMode::" << toString(GetMode())
+                    << "): status should be DumpstateStatus::" << toString(expected)
+                    << " or DumpstateStatus::UNSUPPORTED_MODE, but got DumpstateStatus::"
+                    << toString(status);
+        }
+        if (status == expected && additional_assertions != nullptr) {
+            additional_assertions();
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+constexpr uint64_t kDefaultTimeoutMillis = 30 * 1000;  // 30 seconds
+
+// Negative test: make sure dumpstateBoard() doesn't crash when passed a null pointer.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest, TestNullHandle) {
+    EnableVerboseLogging();
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(nullptr, GetMode(), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    AssertStatusForMode(status, DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+}
+
+// Negative test: make sure dumpstateBoard() ignores a handle with no FD.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest, TestHandleWithNoFd) {
+    EnableVerboseLogging();
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(0, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, GetMode(), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    AssertStatusForMode(status, DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+}
+
+// Positive test: make sure dumpstateBoard() writes something to the FD.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest, TestOk) {
+    EnableVerboseLogging();
+
+    // Index 0 corresponds to the read end of the pipe; 1 to the write end.
+    int fds[2];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+    handle->data[0] = fds[1];
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, GetMode(), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    AssertStatusForMode(status, DumpstateStatus::OK, [&fds]() {
+        // Check that at least one byte was written.
+        char buff;
+        ASSERT_EQ(1, read(fds[0], &buff, 1)) << "Dumped nothing";
+    });
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+}
+
+// Positive test: make sure dumpstateBoard() doesn't crash with two FDs.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest, TestHandleWithTwoFds) {
+    EnableVerboseLogging();
+
+    int fds1[2];
+    int fds2[2];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds1, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds2, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(2, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+    handle->data[0] = fds1[1];
+    handle->data[1] = fds2[1];
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, GetMode(), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    AssertStatusForMode(status, DumpstateStatus::OK, [&fds1, &fds2]() {
+        // Check that at least one byte was written to one of the FDs.
+        char buff;
+        size_t read1 = read(fds1[0], &buff, 1);
+        size_t read2 = read(fds2[0], &buff, 1);
+        // Sometimes read returns -1, so we can't just add them together and expect >= 1.
+        ASSERT_TRUE(read1 == 1 || read2 == 1) << "Dumped nothing";
+    });
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+}
+
+// Make sure dumpstateBoard_1_1 actually validates its arguments.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest, TestInvalidModeArgument_Negative) {
+    EnableVerboseLogging();
+
+    int fds[2];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+    handle->data[0] = fds[1];
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status = dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(
+            handle, static_cast<DumpstateMode>(-100), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Status should be ok and return a more specific DumpstateStatus: "
+                               << status.description();
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT)
+            << "Should return DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT for invalid mode param";
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+}
+
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest, TestInvalidModeArgument_Undefined) {
+    EnableVerboseLogging();
+
+    int fds[2];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+    handle->data[0] = fds[1];
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status = dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(
+            handle, static_cast<DumpstateMode>(9001), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Status should be ok and return a more specific DumpstateStatus: "
+                               << status.description();
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT)
+            << "Should return DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT for invalid mode param";
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+}
+
+// Positive test: make sure dumpstateBoard() from 1.0 doesn't fail.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest, Test1_0MethodOk) {
+    EnableVerboseLogging();
+
+    int fds[2];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+    handle->data[0] = fds[1];
+
+    Return<void> status = dumpstate->dumpstateBoard(handle);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Status should be ok: " << status.description();
+
+    // Check that at least one byte was written.
+    char buff;
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, read(fds[0], &buff, 1)) << "Dumped nothing";
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+}
+
+// Make sure disabling verbose logging behaves correctly. Some info is still allowed to be emitted,
+// but it can't have privacy/storage/battery impacts.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest, TestDeviceLoggingDisabled) {
+    DisableVerboseLogging();
+
+    // Index 0 corresponds to the read end of the pipe; 1 to the write end.
+    int fds[2];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+    handle->data[0] = fds[1];
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, GetMode(), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    // We don't include additional assertions here about the file passed in. If verbose logging is
+    // disabled, the OEM may choose to include nothing at all, but it is allowed to include some
+    // essential information based on the mode as long as it isn't private user information.
+    AssertStatusForMode(status, DumpstateStatus::OK);
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+}
+
+// Double-enable is perfectly valid, but the second call shouldn't do anything.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest, TestRepeatedEnable) {
+    EnableVerboseLogging();
+    EnableVerboseLogging();
+}
+
+// Double-disable is perfectly valid, but the second call shouldn't do anything.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest, TestRepeatedDisable) {
+    DisableVerboseLogging();
+    DisableVerboseLogging();
+}
+
+// Toggling in short order is perfectly valid.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest, TestRepeatedToggle) {
+    EnableVerboseLogging();
+    DisableVerboseLogging();
+    EnableVerboseLogging();
+    DisableVerboseLogging();
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDumpstateDevice::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+// Includes the mode's name as part of the description string.
+static inline std::string PrintInstanceNameToStringWithMode(
+        const testing::TestParamInfo<std::tuple<std::string, DumpstateMode>>& info) {
+    return android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString(
+                   testing::TestParamInfo(std::get<0>(info.param), info.index)) +
+           "_" + toString(std::get<1>(info.param));
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstanceAndMode, DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest,
+        testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 IDumpstateDevice::descriptor)),
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::hidl_enum_range<DumpstateMode>())),
+        PrintInstanceNameToStringWithMode);
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index f55e5d2..a115285 100644
--- a/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: ["android.hardware.gatekeeper@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 715e9fc..afc737c 100644
--- a/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,10 @@
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hardware/hw_auth_token.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <android/log.h>
 #include <android/hardware/gatekeeper/1.0/IGatekeeper.h>
@@ -32,9 +35,6 @@
 
 #include <log/log.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
-
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
 using ::android::hardware::gatekeeper::V1_0::IGatekeeper;
@@ -78,22 +78,8 @@
   return auth_token;
 }
 
-// Test environment for Gatekeeper HIDL HAL.
-class GatekeeperHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
- public:
-  // get the test environment singleton
-  static GatekeeperHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-    static GatekeeperHidlEnvironment* instance = new GatekeeperHidlEnvironment;
-    return instance;
-  }
-
-  virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IGatekeeper>(); }
- private:
-  GatekeeperHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Gatekeeper HIDL HAL.
-class GatekeeperHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class GatekeeperHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
  protected:
   void setUid(uint32_t uid) { uid_ = uid; }
 
@@ -204,8 +190,7 @@
   GatekeeperHidlTest() : uid_(0) {}
   virtual void SetUp() override {
     GatekeeperResponse rsp;
-    gatekeeper_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IGatekeeper>(
-        GatekeeperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IGatekeeper>());
+    gatekeeper_ = IGatekeeper::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, gatekeeper_.get());
     doDeleteAllUsers(rsp);
   }
@@ -219,7 +204,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure we can enroll new password
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, EnrollSuccess) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, EnrollSuccess) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
   GatekeeperResponse rsp;
   ALOGI("Testing Enroll (expected success)");
@@ -231,7 +216,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure we can not enroll empty password
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, EnrollNoPassword) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, EnrollNoPassword) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
   GatekeeperResponse rsp;
   ALOGI("Testing Enroll (expected failure)");
@@ -242,7 +227,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure we can successfully verify previously enrolled password
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, VerifySuccess) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, VerifySuccess) {
   GatekeeperResponse enrollRsp;
   GatekeeperResponse verifyRsp;
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
@@ -258,7 +243,7 @@
  * Ensure we can securely update password (keep the same
  * secure user_id) if we prove we know old password
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, TrustedReenroll) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, TrustedReenroll) {
   GatekeeperResponse enrollRsp;
   GatekeeperRequest reenrollReq;
   GatekeeperResponse reenrollRsp;
@@ -297,7 +282,7 @@
  * Ensure we can update password (and get new
  * secure user_id) if we don't know old password
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, UntrustedReenroll) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, UntrustedReenroll) {
   GatekeeperResponse enrollRsp;
   GatekeeperResponse reenrollRsp;
   GatekeeperResponse verifyRsp;
@@ -327,7 +312,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure we dont get successful verify with invalid data
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, VerifyNoData) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, VerifyNoData) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> passwordHandle;
   GatekeeperResponse verifyRsp;
@@ -341,7 +326,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure we can not verify password after we enrolled it and then deleted user
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, DeleteUserTest) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, DeleteUserTest) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
   GatekeeperResponse enrollRsp;
   GatekeeperResponse verifyRsp;
@@ -368,7 +353,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure we can not delete a user that does not exist
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, DeleteInvalidUserTest) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, DeleteInvalidUserTest) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
   GatekeeperResponse enrollRsp;
   GatekeeperResponse verifyRsp;
@@ -400,7 +385,7 @@
  * Ensure we can not verify passwords after we enrolled them and then deleted
  * all users
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, DeleteAllUsersTest) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, DeleteAllUsersTest) {
   struct UserData {
     uint32_t userId;
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
@@ -448,11 +433,7 @@
   ALOGI("Testing deleteAllUsers done: rsp=%" PRIi32, delAllRsp.code);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-  ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(GatekeeperHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-  GatekeeperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-  int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-  ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-  return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, GatekeeperHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IGatekeeper::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.cpp b/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.cpp
index f3b376e..e6e3c85 100644
--- a/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.cpp
@@ -177,6 +177,42 @@
     return hasGnssHalVersion_1_1 && !hasGnssHalVersion_2_0;
 }
 
+GnssConstellationType GnssHalTest::startLocationAndGetNonGpsConstellation() {
+    const int kLocationsToAwait = 3;
+
+    StartAndCheckLocations(kLocationsToAwait);
+
+    // Tolerate 1 less sv status to handle edge cases in reporting.
+    EXPECT_GE((int)list_gnss_sv_status_.size() + 1, kLocationsToAwait);
+    ALOGD("Observed %d GnssSvStatus, while awaiting %d Locations (%d received)",
+          (int)list_gnss_sv_status_.size(), kLocationsToAwait, location_called_count_);
+
+    // Find first non-GPS constellation
+    GnssConstellationType constellation_to_blacklist = GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN;
+    for (const auto& gnss_sv_status : list_gnss_sv_status_) {
+        for (uint32_t iSv = 0; iSv < gnss_sv_status.numSvs; iSv++) {
+            const auto& gnss_sv = gnss_sv_status.gnssSvList[iSv];
+            if ((gnss_sv.svFlag & IGnssCallback::GnssSvFlags::USED_IN_FIX) &&
+                (gnss_sv.constellation != GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN) &&
+                (gnss_sv.constellation != GnssConstellationType::GPS)) {
+                // found a non-GPS constellation
+                constellation_to_blacklist = gnss_sv.constellation;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (constellation_to_blacklist != GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (constellation_to_blacklist == GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN) {
+        ALOGI("No non-GPS constellations found, constellation blacklist test less effective.");
+        // Proceed functionally to return something.
+        constellation_to_blacklist = GnssConstellationType::GLONASS;
+    }
+    return constellation_to_blacklist;
+}
+
 void GnssHalTest::notify() {
     std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx_);
     notify_count_++;
diff --git a/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.h b/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.h
index 84a9f84..09ebadc 100644
--- a/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.h
+++ b/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.h
@@ -31,9 +31,10 @@
 
 using android::hardware::gnss::V1_0::GnssLocation;
 
+using android::hardware::gnss::V1_0::GnssConstellationType;
+using android::hardware::gnss::V1_0::GnssLocationFlags;
 using android::hardware::gnss::V1_1::IGnss;
 using android::hardware::gnss::V1_1::IGnssCallback;
-using android::hardware::gnss::V1_0::GnssLocationFlags;
 
 using android::sp;
 
@@ -151,6 +152,16 @@
      */
     bool IsGnssHalVersion_1_1() const;
 
+    /*
+     * startLocationAndGetNonGpsConstellation:
+     * 1. Start location
+     * 2. Find and return first non-GPS constellation
+     *
+     * Note that location is not stopped in this method. The client should call
+     * StopAndClearLocations() after the call.
+     */
+    GnssConstellationType startLocationAndGetNonGpsConstellation();
+
     sp<IGnss> gnss_hal_;         // GNSS HAL to call into
     sp<IGnssCallback> gnss_cb_;  // Primary callback interface
 
diff --git a/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test_cases.cpp b/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test_cases.cpp
index ee236ba..503e419 100644
--- a/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test_cases.cpp
+++ b/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test_cases.cpp
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * BlacklistConstellation:
+ * BlacklistConstellationWithLocationOff:
  *
  * 1) Turns on location, waits for 3 locations, ensuring they are valid, and checks corresponding
  * GnssStatus for any non-GPS constellations.
@@ -339,44 +339,19 @@
  * GnssStatus does not use any constellation but GPS.
  * 4a & b) Clean up by turning off location, and send in empty blacklist.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, BlacklistConstellation) {
+TEST_F(GnssHalTest, BlacklistConstellationWithLocationOff) {
     if (!IsGnssHalVersion_1_1()) {
         ALOGI("Test BlacklistConstellation skipped. GNSS HAL version is greater than 1.1.");
         return;
     }
 
     const int kLocationsToAwait = 3;
-
-    StartAndCheckLocations(kLocationsToAwait);
-
-    // Tolerate 1 less sv status to handle edge cases in reporting.
-    EXPECT_GE((int)list_gnss_sv_status_.size() + 1, kLocationsToAwait);
-    ALOGD("Observed %d GnssSvStatus, while awaiting %d Locations (%d received)",
-          (int)list_gnss_sv_status_.size(), kLocationsToAwait, location_called_count_);
-
     // Find first non-GPS constellation to blacklist
-    GnssConstellationType constellation_to_blacklist = GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN;
-    for (const auto& gnss_sv_status : list_gnss_sv_status_) {
-        for (uint32_t iSv = 0; iSv < gnss_sv_status.numSvs; iSv++) {
-            const auto& gnss_sv = gnss_sv_status.gnssSvList[iSv];
-            if ((gnss_sv.svFlag & IGnssCallback::GnssSvFlags::USED_IN_FIX) &&
-                (gnss_sv.constellation != GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN) &&
-                (gnss_sv.constellation != GnssConstellationType::GPS)) {
-                // found a non-GPS constellation
-                constellation_to_blacklist = gnss_sv.constellation;
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-        if (constellation_to_blacklist != GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN) {
-            break;
-        }
-    }
+    GnssConstellationType constellation_to_blacklist = startLocationAndGetNonGpsConstellation();
 
-    if (constellation_to_blacklist == GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN) {
-        ALOGI("No non-GPS constellations found, constellation blacklist test less effective.");
-        // Proceed functionally to blacklist something.
-        constellation_to_blacklist = GnssConstellationType::GLONASS;
-    }
+    // Turns off location
+    StopAndClearLocations();
+
     IGnssConfiguration::BlacklistedSource source_to_blacklist;
     source_to_blacklist.constellation = constellation_to_blacklist;
     source_to_blacklist.svid = 0;  // documented wildcard for all satellites in this constellation
@@ -421,6 +396,71 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * BlacklistConstellationWithLocationOn:
+ *
+ * 1) Turns on location, waits for 3 locations, ensuring they are valid, and checks corresponding
+ * GnssStatus for any non-GPS constellations.
+ * 2a & b) Blacklist first non-GPS constellations, and turns off location.
+ * 3) Restart location, wait for 3 locations, ensuring they are valid, and checks corresponding
+ * GnssStatus does not use any constellation but GPS.
+ * 4a & b) Clean up by turning off location, and send in empty blacklist.
+ */
+TEST_F(GnssHalTest, BlacklistConstellationWithLocationOn) {
+    if (!IsGnssHalVersion_1_1()) {
+        ALOGI("Test BlacklistConstellation skipped. GNSS HAL version is greater than 1.1.");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const int kLocationsToAwait = 3;
+    GnssConstellationType constellation_to_blacklist = startLocationAndGetNonGpsConstellation();
+
+    IGnssConfiguration::BlacklistedSource source_to_blacklist;
+    source_to_blacklist.constellation = constellation_to_blacklist;
+    source_to_blacklist.svid = 0;  // documented wildcard for all satellites in this constellation
+
+    auto gnss_configuration_hal_return = gnss_hal_->getExtensionGnssConfiguration_1_1();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(gnss_configuration_hal_return.isOk());
+    sp<IGnssConfiguration> gnss_configuration_hal = gnss_configuration_hal_return;
+    ASSERT_NE(gnss_configuration_hal, nullptr);
+
+    hidl_vec<IGnssConfiguration::BlacklistedSource> sources;
+    sources.resize(1);
+    sources[0] = source_to_blacklist;
+
+    auto result = gnss_configuration_hal->setBlacklist(sources);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+
+    // Turns off location
+    StopAndClearLocations();
+
+    // retry and ensure constellation not used
+    list_gnss_sv_status_.clear();
+
+    location_called_count_ = 0;
+    StartAndCheckLocations(kLocationsToAwait);
+
+    // Tolerate 1 less sv status to handle edge cases in reporting.
+    EXPECT_GE((int)list_gnss_sv_status_.size() + 1, kLocationsToAwait);
+    ALOGD("Observed %d GnssSvStatus, while awaiting %d Locations", (int)list_gnss_sv_status_.size(),
+          kLocationsToAwait);
+    for (const auto& gnss_sv_status : list_gnss_sv_status_) {
+        for (uint32_t iSv = 0; iSv < gnss_sv_status.numSvs; iSv++) {
+            const auto& gnss_sv = gnss_sv_status.gnssSvList[iSv];
+            EXPECT_FALSE((gnss_sv.constellation == source_to_blacklist.constellation) &&
+                         (gnss_sv.svFlag & IGnssCallback::GnssSvFlags::USED_IN_FIX));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // clean up
+    StopAndClearLocations();
+    sources.resize(0);
+    result = gnss_configuration_hal->setBlacklist(sources);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+}
+
+/*
  * InjectBestLocation
  *
  * Ensure successfully injecting a location.
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hwc2on1adapter/HWC2On1Adapter.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hwc2on1adapter/HWC2On1Adapter.cpp
index 5a75ae1..3702171 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hwc2on1adapter/HWC2On1Adapter.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hwc2on1adapter/HWC2On1Adapter.cpp
@@ -2590,13 +2590,6 @@
 
     std::unique_lock<std::recursive_timed_mutex> lock(mStateMutex);
 
-    // If the HWC2-side callback hasn't been registered yet, buffer this until
-    // it is registered
-    if (mCallbacks.count(Callback::Hotplug) == 0) {
-        mPendingHotplugs.emplace_back(hwc1DisplayId, connected);
-        return;
-    }
-
     hwc2_display_t displayId = UINT64_MAX;
     if (mHwc1DisplayMap.count(hwc1DisplayId) == 0) {
         if (connected == 0) {
@@ -2625,6 +2618,13 @@
         mDisplays.erase(displayId);
     }
 
+    // If the HWC2-side callback hasn't been registered yet, buffer this until
+    // it is registered
+    if (mCallbacks.count(Callback::Hotplug) == 0) {
+        mPendingHotplugs.emplace_back(hwc1DisplayId, connected);
+        return;
+    }
+
     const auto& callbackInfo = mCallbacks[Callback::Hotplug];
 
     // Call back without the state lock held
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/command-buffer/include/composer-command-buffer/2.3/ComposerCommandBuffer.h b/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/command-buffer/include/composer-command-buffer/2.3/ComposerCommandBuffer.h
index 11863fa..e1a870e 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/command-buffer/include/composer-command-buffer/2.3/ComposerCommandBuffer.h
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/command-buffer/include/composer-command-buffer/2.3/ComposerCommandBuffer.h
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@
 
     void setLayerPerFrameMetadataBlobs(
         const hidl_vec<IComposerClient::PerFrameMetadataBlob>& metadata) {
+        // in units of uint32_t's
         size_t commandLength = 0;
 
         if (metadata.size() > std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
@@ -86,12 +87,12 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        // number of blobs
-        commandLength += metadata.size();
+        // space for numElements
+        commandLength += 1;
 
         for (auto metadataBlob : metadata) {
-            commandLength += sizeof(int32_t);  // key of metadata blob
-            commandLength += 1;                // size information of metadata blob
+            commandLength += 1;  // key of metadata blob
+            commandLength += 1;  // size information of metadata blob
 
             // metadata content size
             size_t metadataSize = metadataBlob.blob.size() / sizeof(uint32_t);
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp b/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
index d08ac56..d4e4dde 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #include <mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace graphics {
@@ -30,10 +28,10 @@
 }
 
 void Gralloc::init(const std::string& allocatorServiceName, const std::string& mapperServiceName) {
-    mAllocator = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IAllocator>(allocatorServiceName);
+    mAllocator = IAllocator::getService(allocatorServiceName);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mAllocator.get()) << "failed to get allocator service";
 
-    mMapper = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IMapper>(mapperServiceName);
+    mMapper = IMapper::getService(mapperServiceName);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mMapper.get()) << "failed to get mapper service";
     ASSERT_FALSE(mMapper->isRemote()) << "mapper is not in passthrough mode";
 }
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h b/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h
index 6c2c9a6..fc8a102 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/allocator/2.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.0/IMapper.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <utils/StrongPointer.h>
 
 namespace android {
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 853c2a3..a055b61 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-vts",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_0TargetTest.cpp
index 5ec0af2..b079a4b 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,8 +20,10 @@
 #include <thread>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -35,28 +37,12 @@
 using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::BufferUsage;
 using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::PixelFormat;
 
-// Test environment for graphics.mapper.
-class GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment* instance = new GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<IAllocator>();
-        registerTestService<IMapper>();
-    }
-};
-
-class GraphicsMapperHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class GraphicsMapperHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
+  protected:
     void SetUp() override {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-            mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(
-                GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IAllocator>(),
-                GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IMapper>()));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(std::get<0>(GetParam()),
+                                                                     std::get<1>(GetParam())));
 
         mDummyDescriptorInfo.width = 64;
         mDummyDescriptorInfo.height = 64;
@@ -75,14 +61,14 @@
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::dumpDebugInfo by calling it.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorDumpDebugInfo) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorDumpDebugInfo) {
     mGralloc->dumpDebugInfo();
 }
 
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::allocate with valid buffer descriptors.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocate) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocate) {
     BufferDescriptor descriptor;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(descriptor = mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 
@@ -105,7 +91,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::allocate with invalid buffer descriptors.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNegative) {
     // this assumes any valid descriptor is non-empty
     BufferDescriptor descriptor;
     mGralloc->getAllocator()->allocate(descriptor, 1,
@@ -117,7 +103,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::allocate does not leak.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNoLeak) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNoLeak) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 1024;
     info.height = 1024;
@@ -131,7 +117,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that IAllocator::allocate is thread-safe.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateThreaded) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateThreaded) {
     BufferDescriptor descriptor;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(descriptor = mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 
@@ -161,14 +147,14 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::createDescriptor with valid descriptor info.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorBasic) {
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 }
 
 /**
  * Test IMapper::createDescriptor with invalid descriptor info.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorNegative) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 0;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->createDescriptor(info, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
@@ -179,7 +165,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer with allocated buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferBasic) {
     const native_handle_t* bufferHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(bufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, true));
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc->freeBuffer(bufferHandle));
@@ -188,7 +174,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer with cloned buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferClone) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferClone) {
     const native_handle_t* clonedBufferHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(clonedBufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, false));
 
@@ -206,7 +192,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer cross mapper instances.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferSingleton) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferSingleton) {
     const native_handle_t* rawHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(rawHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, false));
 
@@ -218,10 +204,8 @@
 
     // free the imported handle with another mapper
     std::unique_ptr<Gralloc> anotherGralloc;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-        anotherGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(
-            GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IAllocator>(),
-            GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IMapper>()));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(anotherGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(std::get<0>(GetParam()),
+                                                                       std::get<1>(GetParam())));
     Error error = mGralloc->getMapper()->freeBuffer(importedHandle);
     ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, error);
 
@@ -231,7 +215,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer do not leak.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferNoLeak) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferNoLeak) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 1024;
     info.height = 1024;
@@ -245,7 +229,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportBufferNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportBufferNegative) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->importBuffer(invalidHandle, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
         EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, tmpError)
@@ -263,7 +247,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::freeBuffer with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, FreeBufferNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, FreeBufferNegative) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     Error error = mGralloc->getMapper()->freeBuffer(invalidHandle);
     EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, error) << "freeBuffer with nullptr did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
@@ -286,7 +270,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::lock and IMapper::unlock.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockUnlockBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockUnlockBasic) {
     const auto& info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
 
     const native_handle_t* bufferHandle;
@@ -332,7 +316,7 @@
  * Test IMapper::lockYCbCr.  This locks a YV12 buffer, and makes sure we can
  * write to and read from it.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockYCbCrBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockYCbCrBasic) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.format = PixelFormat::YV12;
 
@@ -391,7 +375,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::unlock with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, UnlockNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, UnlockNegative) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->unlock(invalidHandle, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
         EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, tmpError)
@@ -426,6 +410,14 @@
 #endif
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+        PerInstance, GraphicsMapperHidlTest,
+        testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(
+                        android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IAllocator::descriptor)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IMapper::descriptor))),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace vts
 }  // namespace V2_0
@@ -433,13 +425,3 @@
 }  // namespace graphics
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    using android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::vts::GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment;
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/passthrough/include/mapper-passthrough/2.1/Gralloc0Hal.h b/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/passthrough/include/mapper-passthrough/2.1/Gralloc0Hal.h
index 8540068..13df3bc 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/passthrough/include/mapper-passthrough/2.1/Gralloc0Hal.h
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/passthrough/include/mapper-passthrough/2.1/Gralloc0Hal.h
@@ -49,7 +49,12 @@
                  mModule, bufferHandle, descriptorInfo.width, descriptorInfo.height,
                  static_cast<int32_t>(descriptorInfo.format),
                  static_cast<uint64_t>(descriptorInfo.usage), stride);
-         return static_cast<Error>(ret);
+         if (ret == -EINVAL) {
+             return Error::BAD_BUFFER;
+         } else if (ret < 0) {
+             return Error::BAD_VALUE;
+         }
+         return Error::NONE;
      }
      Error getTransportSize(const native_handle_t* bufferHandle, uint32_t* outNumFds,
                             uint32_t* outNumInts) override {
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/Android.bp b/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/Android.bp
index ca02aad..abbe50a 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/Android.bp
@@ -16,14 +16,13 @@
 
 cc_library_static {
     name: "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1-vts",
-    defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
+    defaults: ["hidl_defaults", "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["MapperVts.cpp"],
     cflags: [
         "-O0",
         "-g",
     ],
     static_libs: [
-        "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase",
         "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-vts",
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp b/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
index 36f9cbb..239de74 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #include <mapper-vts/2.1/MapperVts.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace graphics {
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index afd8e7f..bb76c74 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-vts",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1-vts",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_1TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_1TargetTest.cpp
index 5e7cf93..3d792f9 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_1TargetTest"
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.1/IMapper.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <mapper-vts/2.1/MapperVts.h>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -34,28 +36,12 @@
 using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_1::PixelFormat;
 using V2_0::Error;
 
-// Test environment for graphics.mapper.
-class GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment* instance = new GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<IAllocator>();
-        registerTestService<IMapper>();
-    }
-};
-
-class GraphicsMapperHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class GraphicsMapperHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
+  protected:
     void SetUp() override {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-            mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(
-                GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IAllocator>(),
-                GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IMapper>()));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(std::get<0>(GetParam()),
+                                                                     std::get<1>(GetParam())));
 
         mDummyDescriptorInfo.width = 64;
         mDummyDescriptorInfo.height = 64;
@@ -74,7 +60,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that IMapper::validateBufferSize works.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ValidateBufferSizeBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ValidateBufferSizeBasic) {
     const native_handle_t* bufferHandle;
     uint32_t stride;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(bufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, true, &stride));
@@ -87,7 +73,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::validateBufferSize with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ValidateBufferSizeBadBuffer) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ValidateBufferSizeBadBuffer) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     Error ret = mGralloc->getMapper()->validateBufferSize(invalidHandle, mDummyDescriptorInfo,
                                                           mDummyDescriptorInfo.width);
@@ -108,13 +94,13 @@
                                                     mDummyDescriptorInfo.width);
     ASSERT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, ret)
         << "validateBufferSize with raw buffer handle did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
-    native_handle_delete(rawBufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc->freeBuffer(rawBufferHandle));
 }
 
 /**
  * Test IMapper::validateBufferSize with invalid descriptor and/or stride.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ValidateBufferSizeBadValue) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ValidateBufferSizeBadValue) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 1024;
     info.height = 1024;
@@ -161,7 +147,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::getTransportSize.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, GetTransportSizeBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, GetTransportSizeBasic) {
     const native_handle_t* bufferHandle;
     uint32_t numFds;
     uint32_t numInts;
@@ -173,7 +159,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::getTransportSize with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, GetTransportSizeBadBuffer) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, GetTransportSizeBadBuffer) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->getTransportSize(
         invalidHandle, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&, const auto&) {
@@ -193,24 +179,24 @@
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(rawBufferHandle = const_cast<native_handle_t*>(
                                 mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, false)));
     mGralloc->getMapper()->getTransportSize(
-        invalidHandle, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&, const auto&) {
-            ASSERT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, tmpError)
-                << "getTransportSize with raw buffer handle did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
-        });
-    native_handle_delete(rawBufferHandle);
+            rawBufferHandle, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&, const auto&) {
+                ASSERT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, tmpError)
+                        << "getTransportSize with raw buffer handle did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
+            });
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc->freeBuffer(rawBufferHandle));
 }
 
 /**
  * Test IMapper::createDescriptor with valid descriptor info.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptor_2_1Basic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptor_2_1Basic) {
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 }
 
 /**
  * Test IMapper::createDescriptor with invalid descriptor info.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptor_2_1Negative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptor_2_1Negative) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 0;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->createDescriptor_2_1(info, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
@@ -218,22 +204,18 @@
     });
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+        PerInstance, GraphicsMapperHidlTest,
+        testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(
+                        android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IAllocator::descriptor)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IMapper::descriptor))),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace vts
 }  // namespace V2_1
 }  // namespace mapper
 }  // namespace graphics
 }  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    using android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_1::vts::GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment;
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-
-    return status;
-}
+}  // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp b/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
index c94e8db..de886a9 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #include <mapper-vts/3.0/MapperVts.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace graphics {
@@ -35,19 +33,19 @@
 }
 
 void Gralloc::init(const std::string& allocatorServiceName, const std::string& mapperServiceName) {
-    mAllocator = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IAllocator>(allocatorServiceName);
+    mAllocator = IAllocator::getService(allocatorServiceName);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mAllocator.get()) << "failed to get allocator service";
 
-    mMapper = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IMapper>(mapperServiceName);
+    mMapper = IMapper::getService(mapperServiceName);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mMapper.get()) << "failed to get mapper service";
     ASSERT_FALSE(mMapper->isRemote()) << "mapper is not in passthrough mode";
 }
 
 void Gralloc::initNoErr(const std::string& allocatorServiceName,
                         const std::string& mapperServiceName) {
-    mAllocator = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IAllocator>(allocatorServiceName);
+    mAllocator = IAllocator::getService(allocatorServiceName);
 
-    mMapper = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IMapper>(mapperServiceName);
+    mMapper = IMapper::getService(mapperServiceName);
     if (mMapper.get()) {
         ASSERT_FALSE(mMapper->isRemote()) << "mapper is not in passthrough mode";
     }
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/3.0/MapperVts.h b/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/3.0/MapperVts.h
index 1141a88..b2fbebb1 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/3.0/MapperVts.h
+++ b/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/3.0/MapperVts.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/allocator/3.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/3.0/IMapper.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <utils/StrongPointer.h>
 
 namespace android {
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 77075a5..f01670e 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0-vts",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV3_0TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV3_0TargetTest.cpp
index ff73ecf..92b5994 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV3_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV3_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,8 +20,10 @@
 #include <thread>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <mapper-vts/3.0/MapperVts.h>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -35,28 +37,12 @@
 using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_2::BufferUsage;
 using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_2::PixelFormat;
 
-// Test environment for graphics.mapper.
-class GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment* instance = new GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<IAllocator>();
-        registerTestService<IMapper>();
-    }
-};
-
-class GraphicsMapperHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class GraphicsMapperHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
+  protected:
     void SetUp() override {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-            mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(
-                GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IAllocator>(),
-                GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IMapper>()));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(std::get<0>(GetParam()),
+                                                                     std::get<1>(GetParam())));
 
         mDummyDescriptorInfo.width = 64;
         mDummyDescriptorInfo.height = 64;
@@ -75,14 +61,14 @@
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::dumpDebugInfo by calling it.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorDumpDebugInfo) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorDumpDebugInfo) {
     mGralloc->dumpDebugInfo();
 }
 
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::allocate with valid buffer descriptors.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocate) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocate) {
     BufferDescriptor descriptor;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(descriptor = mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 
@@ -105,7 +91,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::allocate with invalid buffer descriptors.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNegative) {
     // this assumes any valid descriptor is non-empty
     BufferDescriptor descriptor;
     mGralloc->getAllocator()->allocate(descriptor, 1,
@@ -117,7 +103,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::allocate does not leak.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNoLeak) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNoLeak) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 1024;
     info.height = 1024;
@@ -131,7 +117,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that IAllocator::allocate is thread-safe.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateThreaded) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateThreaded) {
     BufferDescriptor descriptor;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(descriptor = mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 
@@ -161,14 +147,14 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::createDescriptor with valid descriptor info.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorBasic) {
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 }
 
 /**
  * Test IMapper::createDescriptor with invalid descriptor info.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorNegative) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 0;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->createDescriptor(info, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
@@ -179,7 +165,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer with allocated buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferBasic) {
     const native_handle_t* bufferHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(bufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, true));
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc->freeBuffer(bufferHandle));
@@ -188,7 +174,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer with cloned buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferClone) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferClone) {
     const native_handle_t* clonedBufferHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(clonedBufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, false));
 
@@ -206,7 +192,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer cross mapper instances.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferSingleton) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferSingleton) {
     const native_handle_t* rawHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(rawHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, false));
 
@@ -218,10 +204,8 @@
 
     // free the imported handle with another mapper
     std::unique_ptr<Gralloc> anotherGralloc;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-        anotherGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(
-            GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IAllocator>(),
-            GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IMapper>()));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(anotherGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(std::get<0>(GetParam()),
+                                                                       std::get<1>(GetParam())));
     Error error = mGralloc->getMapper()->freeBuffer(importedHandle);
     ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, error);
 
@@ -231,7 +215,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer do not leak.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferNoLeak) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferNoLeak) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 1024;
     info.height = 1024;
@@ -245,7 +229,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportBufferNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportBufferNegative) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->importBuffer(invalidHandle, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
         EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, tmpError)
@@ -263,7 +247,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::freeBuffer with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, FreeBufferNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, FreeBufferNegative) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     Error error = mGralloc->getMapper()->freeBuffer(invalidHandle);
     EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, error) << "freeBuffer with nullptr did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
@@ -286,7 +270,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::lock and IMapper::unlock.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockUnlockBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockUnlockBasic) {
     const auto& info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
 
     const native_handle_t* bufferHandle;
@@ -346,7 +330,7 @@
  * Test IMapper::lockYCbCr.  This locks a YV12 buffer, and makes sure we can
  * write to and read from it.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockYCbCrBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockYCbCrBasic) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.format = PixelFormat::YV12;
 
@@ -405,7 +389,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::unlock with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, UnlockNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, UnlockNegative) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->unlock(invalidHandle, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
         EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, tmpError)
@@ -443,7 +427,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::isSupported with required format RGBA_8888
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, IsSupportedRGBA8888) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, IsSupportedRGBA8888) {
     const auto& info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     bool supported = false;
 
@@ -454,7 +438,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::isSupported with required format YV12
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, IsSupportedYV12) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, IsSupportedYV12) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.format = PixelFormat::YV12;
     bool supported = false;
@@ -466,7 +450,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::isSupported with optional format Y16
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, IsSupportedY16) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, IsSupportedY16) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.format = PixelFormat::Y16;
     bool supported = false;
@@ -474,6 +458,14 @@
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(supported = mGralloc->isSupported(info));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+        PerInstance, GraphicsMapperHidlTest,
+        testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(
+                        android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IAllocator::descriptor)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IMapper::descriptor))),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace vts
 }  // namespace V3_0
@@ -481,13 +473,3 @@
 }  // namespace graphics
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    using android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::vts::GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment;
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
diff --git a/health/1.0/default/Android.bp b/health/1.0/default/Android.bp
index 049e393..7581335 100644
--- a/health/1.0/default/Android.bp
+++ b/health/1.0/default/Android.bp
@@ -18,3 +18,55 @@
 
 }
 
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "android.hardware.health@1.0-impl-helper",
+    vendor: true,
+    srcs: ["Health.cpp"],
+
+    header_libs: [
+        "libbase_headers",
+        "libhealthd_headers",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libcutils",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "liblog",
+        "libutils",
+        "android.hardware.health@1.0",
+    ],
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.health@1.0-convert",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_library_shared {
+    name: "android.hardware.health@1.0-impl",
+    vendor: true,
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.health@1.0-impl-helper",
+        "android.hardware.health@1.0-convert",
+        "libhealthd.default",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.health@1.0-service",
+    vendor: true,
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    init_rc: ["android.hardware.health@1.0-service.rc"],
+    srcs: ["HealthService.cpp"],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "liblog",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libdl",
+        "libbase",
+        "libutils",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "android.hardware.health@1.0",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/health/1.0/default/Android.mk b/health/1.0/default/Android.mk
deleted file mode 100644
index bbf37af..0000000
--- a/health/1.0/default/Android.mk
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := android.hardware.health@1.0-impl
-LOCAL_PROPRIETARY_MODULE := true
-LOCAL_MODULE_RELATIVE_PATH := hw
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := system/core/base/include
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
-    Health.cpp \
-
-LOCAL_HEADER_LIBRARIES := libhealthd_headers
-
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \
-    libcutils \
-    libhidlbase \
-    liblog \
-    libutils \
-    android.hardware.health@1.0 \
-
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := android.hardware.health@1.0-convert
-
-LOCAL_HAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libhealthd
-
-include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_PROPRIETARY_MODULE := true
-LOCAL_MODULE_RELATIVE_PATH := hw
-LOCAL_MODULE := android.hardware.health@1.0-service
-LOCAL_INIT_RC := android.hardware.health@1.0-service.rc
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
-    HealthService.cpp \
-
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \
-    liblog \
-    libcutils \
-    libdl \
-    libbase \
-    libutils \
-    libhidlbase \
-    android.hardware.health@1.0 \
-
-include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
-
-include $(call first-makefiles-under,$(LOCAL_PATH))
diff --git a/health/1.0/default/README.md b/health/1.0/default/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ded7de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/health/1.0/default/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# Implement the 2.1 HAL instead!
+
+It is strongly recommended that you implement the 2.1 HAL directly. See
+`hardware/interfaces/health/2.1/README.md` for more details.
+
+# Implement Health 1.0 HAL
+
+1. Install common binderized service. The binderized service `dlopen()`s
+   passthrough implementations on the device, so there is no need to write
+   your own.
+
+    ```mk
+    # Install default binderized implementation to vendor.
+    PRODUCT_PACKAGES += android.hardware.health@1.0-service
+    ```
+
+1. Add proper VINTF manifest entry to your device manifest. Example:
+
+    ```xml
+    <hal format="hidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.health</name>
+        <transport>hwbinder</transport>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IHealth</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    ```
+
+1. Install the proper passthrough implemetation.
+
+    1. If you want to use the default implementation (with default `libhealthd`),
+       add the following to `device.mk`:
+
+        ```mk
+        PRODUCT_PACKAGES += \
+            android.hardware.health@1.0-impl
+        ```
+
+    1. Otherwise, if you have a customized `libhealthd.<board>`:
+
+        1. Define your passthrough implementation. Example (replace `<device>`
+           and `<board>` accordingly):
+
+            ```bp
+            cc_library_shared {
+                name: "android.hardware.health@1.0-impl-<device>",
+                vendor: true,
+                relative_install_path: "hw",
+
+                static_libs: [
+                    "android.hardware.health@1.0-impl-helper",
+                    "android.hardware.health@1.0-convert",
+                    "libhealthd.<board>",
+                ],
+            }
+            ```
+
+        1. Add to `device.mk`.
+
+            ```
+            PRODUCT_PACKAGES += android.hardware.health@1.0-impl-<device>
+            ```
+
+        1. Define appropriate SELinux permissions.
diff --git a/health/2.0/default/Health.cpp b/health/2.0/default/Health.cpp
index 4225fd8..65eada8 100644
--- a/health/2.0/default/Health.cpp
+++ b/health/2.0/default/Health.cpp
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@
     const HealthInfo_1_0& health_info = battery_monitor_->getHealthInfo_1_0();
     struct BatteryProperties props;
     convertFromHealthInfo(health_info, &props);
-    bool log = healthd_board_battery_update(&props);
+    bool log = (healthd_board_battery_update(&props) == 0);
     if (log) {
         battery_monitor_->logValues();
     }
diff --git a/health/2.0/default/HealthImplDefault.cpp b/health/2.0/default/HealthImplDefault.cpp
index e3cbefd..08fee9e 100644
--- a/health/2.0/default/HealthImplDefault.cpp
+++ b/health/2.0/default/HealthImplDefault.cpp
@@ -21,18 +21,6 @@
 using android::hardware::health::V2_0::implementation::Health;
 
 static struct healthd_config gHealthdConfig = {
-    .batteryStatusPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryHealthPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryPresentPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryCapacityPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryVoltagePath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryTemperaturePath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryTechnologyPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryCurrentNowPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryCurrentAvgPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryChargeCounterPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryFullChargePath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryCycleCountPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
     .energyCounter = nullptr,
     .boot_min_cap = 0,
     .screen_on = nullptr};
diff --git a/health/2.0/default/healthd_common_adapter.cpp b/health/2.0/default/healthd_common_adapter.cpp
index 8fc689d..0b5d869 100644
--- a/health/2.0/default/healthd_common_adapter.cpp
+++ b/health/2.0/default/healthd_common_adapter.cpp
@@ -49,11 +49,14 @@
 static std::unique_ptr<HealthLoopAdapter> health_loop;
 
 int healthd_register_event(int fd, void (*handler)(uint32_t), EventWakeup wakeup) {
+    if (!health_loop) return -1;
+
     auto wrapped_handler = [handler](auto*, uint32_t epevents) { handler(epevents); };
     return health_loop->RegisterEvent(fd, wrapped_handler, wakeup);
 }
 
 void healthd_battery_update_internal(bool charger_online) {
+    if (!health_loop) return;
     health_loop->AdjustWakealarmPeriods(charger_online);
 }
 
diff --git a/health/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/health/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index b090548..43571ef 100644
--- a/health/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/health/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -23,5 +23,5 @@
         "android.hardware.health@1.0",
         "android.hardware.health@2.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/health/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/health/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_0TargetTest.cpp
index 6e13a98..352a990 100644
--- a/health/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/health/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,17 +20,18 @@
 #include <set>
 #include <string>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/hardware/health/2.0/IHealth.h>
 #include <android/hardware/health/2.0/types.h>
 #include <gflags/gflags.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 
 using ::testing::AssertionFailure;
 using ::testing::AssertionResult;
 using ::testing::AssertionSuccess;
-using ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase;
-using ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase;
 
 DEFINE_bool(force, false, "Force test healthd even when the default instance is present.");
 
@@ -74,30 +75,13 @@
 
 using V1_0::BatteryStatus;
 
-// Test environment for graphics.composer
-class HealthHidlEnvironment : public VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static HealthHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static HealthHidlEnvironment* instance = new HealthHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IHealth>(); }
-
-   private:
-    HealthHidlEnvironment() {}
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(HealthHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class HealthHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class HealthHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
    public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        std::string serviceName = HealthHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IHealth>();
+        std::string serviceName = GetParam();
 
         if (serviceName == "backup" && !FLAGS_force &&
-            ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IHealth>() != nullptr) {
+            IHealth::getService() != nullptr) {
             LOG(INFO) << "Skipping tests on healthd because the default instance is present. "
                       << "Use --force if you really want to test healthd.";
             GTEST_SKIP();
@@ -105,7 +89,7 @@
 
         LOG(INFO) << "get service with name:" << serviceName;
         ASSERT_FALSE(serviceName.empty());
-        mHealth = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IHealth>(serviceName);
+        mHealth = IHealth::getService(serviceName);
         ASSERT_NE(mHealth, nullptr);
     }
 
@@ -156,7 +140,7 @@
  * Test whether callbacks work. Tested functions are IHealth::registerCallback,
  * unregisterCallback, and update.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, Callbacks) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, Callbacks) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     using namespace std::chrono_literals;
     sp<Callback> firstCallback = new Callback();
@@ -193,7 +177,7 @@
     ASSERT_ALL_OK(mHealth->unregisterCallback(secondCallback));
 }
 
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, UnregisterNonExistentCallback) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, UnregisterNonExistentCallback) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     sp<Callback> callback = new Callback();
     auto ret = mHealth->unregisterCallback(callback);
@@ -278,7 +262,7 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getChargeCounter() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getChargeCounter) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getChargeCounter) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getChargeCounter([](auto result, auto value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, std::to_string(value), value > 0);
@@ -288,7 +272,7 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getCurrentNow() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getCurrentNow) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getCurrentNow) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getCurrentNow([](auto result, auto value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, std::to_string(value), value != INT32_MIN);
@@ -298,7 +282,7 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getCurrentAverage() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getCurrentAverage) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getCurrentAverage) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getCurrentAverage([](auto result, auto value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, std::to_string(value), value != INT32_MIN);
@@ -308,7 +292,7 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getCapacity() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getCapacity) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getCapacity) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getCapacity([](auto result, auto value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, std::to_string(value), 0 <= value && value <= 100);
@@ -318,7 +302,7 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getEnergyCounter() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getEnergyCounter) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getEnergyCounter) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getEnergyCounter([](auto result, auto value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, std::to_string(value), value != INT64_MIN);
@@ -328,19 +312,17 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getChargeStatus() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getChargeStatus) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getChargeStatus) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getChargeStatus([](auto result, auto value) {
-        EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(
-            result, toString(value),
-            value != BatteryStatus::UNKNOWN && verifyEnum<BatteryStatus>(value));
+        EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, toString(value), verifyEnum<BatteryStatus>(value));
     }));
 }
 
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getStorageInfo() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getStorageInfo) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getStorageInfo) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getStorageInfo([](auto result, auto& value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, toString(value), verifyStorageInfo(value));
@@ -350,7 +332,7 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getDiskStats() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getDiskStats) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getDiskStats) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getDiskStats([](auto result, auto& value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, toString(value), true);
@@ -360,25 +342,24 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getHealthInfo() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getHealthInfo) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getHealthInfo) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getHealthInfo([](auto result, auto& value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, toString(value), verifyHealthInfo(value));
     }));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, HealthHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IHealth::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
 }  // namespace V2_0
 }  // namespace health
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    using ::android::hardware::health::V2_0::HealthHidlEnvironment;
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(HealthHidlEnvironment::Instance());
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    HealthHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
     gflags::ParseCommandLineFlags(&argc, &argv, true /* remove flags */);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
 }
diff --git a/health/2.1/README.md b/health/2.1/README.md
index 5a19d7b..8390570 100644
--- a/health/2.1/README.md
+++ b/health/2.1/README.md
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@
         ```mk
         # Install default passthrough implementation to vendor.
         PRODUCT_PACKAGES += android.hardware.health@2.1-impl
+
+        # For non-A/B devices, install default passthrough implementation to recovery.
+        PRODUCT_PACKAGES += android.hardware.health@2.1-impl.recovery
         ```
 
         You are done. Otherwise, go to the next step.
@@ -42,6 +45,8 @@
               implementation, See
               [Upgrading from Health HAL 2.0](#update-from-2-0).
 
+        1. [Install the implementation](#install).
+
         1. [Update necessary SELinux permissions](#selinux).
 
         1. [Fix `/charger` symlink](#charger-symlink).
@@ -95,6 +100,18 @@
   `HealthImpl::getHealthInfo` or `HealthImpl::getHealthInfo_2_1` because they call
   `getDiskStats` and `getStorageInfo` to retrieve storage information.
 
+# Install the implementation {#install}
+
+In `device.mk`:
+
+```mk
+# Install the passthrough implementation to vendor.
+PRODUCT_PACKAGES += android.hardware.health@2.1-impl-<device>
+
+# For non-A/B devices, also install the passthrough implementation to recovery.
+PRODUCT_PACKAGES += android.hardware.health@2.1-impl-<device>.recovery
+```
+
 # Update necessary SELinux permissions {#selinux}
 
 For example (replace `<device>` with the device name):
diff --git a/health/2.1/default/android.hardware.health@2.1-service.rc b/health/2.1/default/android.hardware.health@2.1-service.rc
index 917f1c2..b6d9e3b 100644
--- a/health/2.1/default/android.hardware.health@2.1-service.rc
+++ b/health/2.1/default/android.hardware.health@2.1-service.rc
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 service health-hal-2-1 /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.health@2.1-service
-    class hal
+    class hal charger
     user system
     group system
     capabilities WAKE_ALARM
diff --git a/health/2.1/types.hal b/health/2.1/types.hal
index efd8d6f..d775491 100644
--- a/health/2.1/types.hal
+++ b/health/2.1/types.hal
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@
 import @1.0::HealthConfig;
 import @2.0::HealthInfo;
 
+enum Constants : int64_t {
+    BATTERY_CHARGE_TIME_TO_FULL_NOW_SECONDS_UNSUPPORTED = -1,
+};
+
 /**
  * Battery capacity level. This enum provides additional information along side
  * with the battery capacity.
@@ -27,11 +31,17 @@
  */
 enum BatteryCapacityLevel : int32_t {
     /**
+     * Battery capacity level is unsupported.
+     * Battery capacity level must be set to this value if and only if the
+     * implementation is unsupported.
+     */
+    UNSUPPORTED = -1,
+    /**
      * Battery capacity level is unknown.
      * Battery capacity level must be set to this value if and only if battery
-     * is not present.
+     * is not present or the battery capacity level is unknown/uninitialized.
      */
-    UNKNOWN = 0,
+    UNKNOWN,
     /**
      * Battery is at critical level. The Android framework must schedule a
      * shutdown when it sees this value from the HAL.
@@ -78,18 +88,21 @@
 
     /**
      * Estimated time to fully charge the device (in seconds).
+     * Value must be BATTERY_CHARGE_TIME_TO_FULL_NOW_SECONDS_UNSUPPORTED if and
+     * only if the implementation is unsupported.
      * Value must be 0 if and only if batteryCapacityLevel is FULL or UNKNOWN.
      * Otherwise, value must be positive.
      */
     int64_t batteryChargeTimeToFullNowSeconds;
 
     /**
-     * Estimated battery full capacity (in microamp hours, uAh).
+     * Estimated battery full charge design capacity (in microamp hours, uAh).
      * Value must be 0 if unknown.
-     * Value must be positive if known, and must be between [50%, 120%] of
-     * batteryFullCharge (the designed capacity).
+     * Value must be positive if known.
+     * Value must be greater than 100 000 uAh.
+     * Value must be less than 100 000 000 uAh.
      */
-    int32_t batteryFullCapacityUah;
+    int32_t batteryFullChargeDesignCapacityUah;
 };
 
 /**
diff --git a/health/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/health/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 5aa873a..17472fa 100644
--- a/health/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/health/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -25,5 +25,8 @@
         "android.hardware.health@2.0",
         "android.hardware.health@2.1",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/health/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_1TargetTest.cpp b/health/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_1TargetTest.cpp
index da9f5bb..deb1a29 100644
--- a/health/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/health/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -219,6 +219,9 @@
     return AssertionFailure() << static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<T>>(value) << " is not valid";
 }
 
+#define FULL_CHARGE_DESIGN_CAP_MIN ((long)100 * 1000)
+#define FULL_CHARGE_DESIGN_CAP_MAX ((long)100000 * 1000)
+
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getHealthInfo() from interface IHealth.
  */
@@ -228,14 +231,18 @@
             return;
         }
         ASSERT_EQ(Result::SUCCESS, result);
-        const auto& legacy = value.legacy.legacy;
 
         EXPECT_TRUE(IsEnum(value.batteryCapacityLevel)) << " BatteryCapacityLevel";
         EXPECT_GE(value.batteryChargeTimeToFullNowSeconds, 0);
 
-        EXPECT_GE(value.batteryFullCapacityUah, 0) << "batteryFullCapacityUah is unknown";
-        EXPECT_GE(value.batteryFullCapacityUah, legacy.batteryFullCharge * 0.50);
-        EXPECT_LE(value.batteryFullCapacityUah, legacy.batteryFullCharge * 1.20);
+        EXPECT_GE(value.batteryFullChargeDesignCapacityUah, 0)
+                << "batteryFullChargeDesignCapacityUah should not be negative";
+
+        EXPECT_GT((long)value.batteryFullChargeDesignCapacityUah, FULL_CHARGE_DESIGN_CAP_MIN)
+                << "batteryFullChargeDesignCapacityUah should be greater than 100 mAh";
+
+        EXPECT_LT((long)value.batteryFullChargeDesignCapacityUah, FULL_CHARGE_DESIGN_CAP_MAX)
+                << "batteryFullChargeDesignCapacityUah should be less than 100,000 mAh";
     })));
 }
 
diff --git a/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index a30cdde..4c703c5 100644
--- a/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libhidlbase",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
+    test_config: "VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest.config",
 }
-
diff --git a/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest.config b/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest.config
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0cd1c11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest.config
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="3m" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/health/utils/libhealthloop/utils.cpp b/health/utils/libhealthloop/utils.cpp
index b0d153f..cd8c7a9 100644
--- a/health/utils/libhealthloop/utils.cpp
+++ b/health/utils/libhealthloop/utils.cpp
@@ -28,18 +28,6 @@
     *healthd_config = {
             .periodic_chores_interval_fast = DEFAULT_PERIODIC_CHORES_INTERVAL_FAST,
             .periodic_chores_interval_slow = DEFAULT_PERIODIC_CHORES_INTERVAL_SLOW,
-            .batteryStatusPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryHealthPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryPresentPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryCapacityPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryVoltagePath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryTemperaturePath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryTechnologyPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryCurrentNowPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryCurrentAvgPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryChargeCounterPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryFullChargePath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryCycleCountPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
             .energyCounter = NULL,
             .boot_min_cap = 0,
             .screen_on = NULL,
diff --git a/identity/OWNERS b/identity/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6969910
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+swillden@google.com
+zeuthen@google.com
diff --git a/identity/aidl/Android.bp b/identity/aidl/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..72b19a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+aidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.identity",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "android/hardware/identity/*.aidl",
+    ],
+    imports: [
+        "android.hardware.keymaster",
+    ],
+    stability: "vintf",
+    backend: {
+        java: {
+            platform_apis: true,
+        },
+        ndk: {
+            vndk: {
+                enabled: true,
+            },
+        },
+    },
+}
diff --git a/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/Certificate.aidl b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/Certificate.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bbc17c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/Certificate.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.identity;
+
+@VintfStability
+parcelable Certificate {
+    /**
+     * encodedCertificate contains the bytes of a DER-encoded X.509 certificate.
+     *
+     * If there is no certificate, this array is empty.
+     */
+    byte[] encodedCertificate;
+}
diff --git a/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/CipherSuite.aidl b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/CipherSuite.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20b02a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/CipherSuite.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.identity;
+
+/**
+ * Cipher suites that can be used for communication between holder and reader devices.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum CipherSuite {
+    /**
+     * Specifies that the cipher suite that will be used to secure communications between the reader
+     * is:
+     *
+     * - ECDHE with HKDF-SHA-256 for key agreement.
+     * - AES-256 with GCM block mode for authenticated encryption (nonces are incremented by
+     *   one for every message).
+     * - ECDSA with SHA-256 for signing (used for signing session transcripts to defeat
+     *   man-in-the-middle attacks), signing keys are not ephemeral.
+     *
+     * At present this is the only supported cipher suite and it is mandatory for all
+     * implementations to support it.
+     */
+    CIPHERSUITE_ECDHE_HKDF_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA256 = 1,
+}
diff --git a/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/HardwareInformation.aidl b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/HardwareInformation.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d67739d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/HardwareInformation.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.identity;
+
+@VintfStability
+parcelable HardwareInformation {
+    /**
+     * credentialStoreName is the name of the credential store implementation.
+     */
+    @utf8InCpp String credentialStoreName;
+
+    /**
+     * credentialStoreAuthorName is the name of the credential store author.
+     */
+    @utf8InCpp String credentialStoreAuthorName;
+
+    /**
+     * dataChunkSize is the size of data chunks to be used when sending and recieving data
+     * entries. All data chunks for a data item must be this size except for the last.
+     */
+    int dataChunkSize;
+
+    /**
+     * isDirectAccess specifies whether the provisioned credential is available through
+     * direct access. Credentials provisioned in credential stores with this set
+     * to true, should use reader authentication on all data elements.
+     */
+    boolean isDirectAccess;
+
+    /**
+     * supportedDocTypes if empty, then any document type is supported, otherwise
+     * only the document types returned are supported.
+     *
+     * Document types are defined in the relevant standard for the document, for example for the
+     * for Mobile Driving License as defined by ISO 18013-5 the document type is defined to
+     * be "org.iso.18013.5.1.mDL".
+     *
+     */
+    @utf8InCpp String[] supportedDocTypes;
+}
diff --git a/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/IIdentityCredential.aidl b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/IIdentityCredential.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc14271
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/IIdentityCredential.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,317 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.identity;
+
+import android.hardware.identity.Certificate;
+import android.hardware.identity.SecureAccessControlProfile;
+import android.hardware.keymaster.HardwareAuthToken;
+
+@VintfStability
+interface IIdentityCredential {
+    /**
+     * Delete a credential.
+     *
+     * This method returns a COSE_Sign1 data structure signed by CredentialKey
+     * with payload set to the ProofOfDeletion CBOR below:
+     *
+     *     ProofOfDeletion = [
+     *          "ProofOfDeletion",            ; tstr
+     *          tstr,                         ; DocType
+     *          bool                          ; true if this is a test credential, should
+     *                                        ; always be false.
+     *     ]
+     *
+     * After this method has been called, the persistent storage used for credentialData should
+     * be deleted.
+     *
+     * @return a COSE_Sign1 signature described above.
+     */
+    byte[] deleteCredential();
+
+    /**
+     * Creates an ephemeral EC key pair, for use in establishing a seceure session with a reader.
+     * This method returns the private key so the caller can perform an ECDH key agreement operation
+     * with the reader.  The reason for generating the key pair in the secure environment is so that
+     * the secure environment knows what public key to expect to find in the session transcript.
+     *
+     * This method may only be called once per instance. If called more than once, STATUS_FAILED
+     * will be returned.
+     *
+     * @return the unencrypted key-pair in PKCS#8 format.
+     */
+    byte[] createEphemeralKeyPair();
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the public part of the reader's ephemeral key pair.
+     *
+     * This method may only be called once per instance. If called more than once, STATUS_FAILED
+     * will be returned.
+     *
+     * @param publicKey contains the reader's ephemeral public key, in uncompressed form.
+     */
+    void setReaderEphemeralPublicKey(in byte[] publicKey);
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a challenge value to be used for proving successful user authentication. This
+     * is included in the authToken passed to the startRetrieval() method.
+     *
+     * This method may only be called once per instance. If called more than once, STATUS_FAILED
+     * will be returned.
+     *
+     * @return challenge, a non-zero number.
+     */
+    long createAuthChallenge();
+
+    /**
+     * Start an entry retrieval process.
+     *
+     * This method be called after createEphemeralKeyPair(), setReaderEphemeralPublicKey(),
+     * createAuthChallenge() and before startRetrieveEntry(). This method call is followed by
+     * multiple calls of startRetrieveEntryValue(), retrieveEntryValue(), and finally
+     * finishRetrieval().This whole process is called a "credential presentation".
+     *
+     * It is permissible to perform multiple credential presentations using the same instance (e.g.
+     * startRetrieval(), then multiple calls of startRetrieveEntryValue(), retrieveEntryValue(),
+     * then finally finishRetrieval()) but if this is done, the sessionTranscript parameter
+     * must be identical for each startRetrieval() invocation. If this is not the case, this call
+     * fails with the STATUS_SESSION_TRANSCRIPT_MISMATCH error.
+     *
+     * If the provided authToken is not valid this method fails with STATUS_INVALID_AUTH_TOKEN.
+     *
+     * Each of the provided accessControlProfiles is checked in this call. If they are not
+     * all valid, the call fails with STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * For the itemsRequest parameter, the content can be defined in the way appropriate for
+     * the credential, but there are three requirements that must be met to work with this HAL:
+     *
+     *  1. The content must be a CBOR-encoded structure.
+     *  2. The CBOR structure must be a map.
+     *  3. The map must contain a tstr key "nameSpaces" whose value contains a map, as described in
+     *     the example below.
+     *
+     * If these requirements are not met the startRetrieval() call fails with
+     * STATUS_INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE.
+     *
+     * Here's an example of ItemsRequest CBOR which conforms to this requirement:
+     *
+     *   ItemsRequest = {
+     *     ? "docType" : DocType,
+     *       "nameSpaces" : NameSpaces,
+     *     ? "requestInfo" : {* tstr => any}   ; Additional info the reader wants to provide
+     *   }
+     *
+     *   DocType = tstr
+     *
+     *   NameSpaces = {
+     *     + NameSpace => DataElements    ; Requested data elements for each NameSpace
+     *   }
+     *
+     *   NameSpace = tstr
+     *
+     *   DataElements = {
+     *     + DataElement => IntentToRetain
+     *   }
+     *
+     *   DataElement = tstr
+     *   IntentToRetain = bool
+     *
+     * For the readerSignature parameter, this can either be empty or if non-empty it
+     * must be a COSE_Sign1 structure with an ECDSA signature over the content of the
+     * CBOR conforming to the following CDDL:
+     *
+     *     ReaderAuthentication = [
+     *       "ReaderAuthentication",
+     *       SessionTranscript,
+     *       ItemsRequestBytes
+     *     ]
+     *
+     *     SessionTranscript = [
+     *       DeviceEngagementBytes,
+     *       EReaderKeyBytes
+     *     ]
+     *
+     *     DeviceEngagementBytes = #6.24(bstr .cbor DeviceEngagement)
+     *     EReaderKeyBytes = #6.24(bstr .cbor EReaderKey.Pub)
+     *     ItemsRequestBytes = #6.24(bstr .cbor ItemsRequest)
+     *
+     * The public key corresponding to the key used to made signature, can be found in the
+     * 'x5chain' unprotected header element of the COSE_Sign1 structure (as as described
+     * in 'draft-ietf-cose-x509-04'). There will be at least one certificate in said element
+     * and there may be more (and if so, each certificate must be signed by its successor).
+     * This is checked and if the check fails the call fails with
+     * STATUS_READER_SIGNATURE_CHECK_FAILED.
+     *
+     * The SessionTranscript CBOR is conveyed in the sessionTranscript parameter. It
+     * is permissible for this to be empty in which case the readerSignature parameter
+     * must also be empty. If this is not the case, the call fails with STATUS_FAILED.
+     *
+     * If the SessionTranscript CBOR is not empty, the X and Y coordinates of the public
+     * part of the key-pair previously generated by createEphemeralKeyPair() must appear
+     * somewhere in the bytes of DeviceEngagement structure. Both X and Y should be in
+     * uncompressed form. If this is not satisfied, the call fails with
+     * STATUS_EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND.
+     *
+     * @param accessControlProfiles
+     *   Access control profiles that are required to retrieve the entries that are going to be
+     *   requested with IIdentityCredential.retrieveEntryValue(). See above.
+     *
+     * @param authToken
+     *   The authentication token that proves the user was authenticated, as required
+     *   by one or more of the provided accessControlProfiles. See above.
+     *
+     * @param itemsRequest
+     *   If non-empty, contains request data that is signed by the reader. See above.
+     *
+     * @param signingKeyBlob is either empty or a signingKeyBlob (see generateSigningKeyPair(),
+     *    below) containing the signing key to use to sign the data retrieved. If this
+     *    is not in the right format the call fails with STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param sessionTranscript
+     *   Either empty or the CBOR of the SessionTranscript. See above.
+     *
+     * @param readerSignature
+     *   readerSignature is either empty or contains a CBOR_Sign1 structure. See above.
+     *
+     * @param requestCounts
+     *   requestCounts specifies the number of data items that are going to be requested, per
+     *   namespace.  The number of elements in the vector must be the number of namespaces for which
+     *   data items will be requested in retrieveEntryValue() calls, and the values of the elments
+     *   must be the number of items from each namespace, in order, that will be requested in
+     *   retrieveEntryValue() calls.
+     *   Note that it's the caller's responsibility to ensure that the counts correspond to the
+     *   retrieveEntryValue() calls that will be made, and that every retrieveEntryValue() call
+     *   will succeed (i.e. that the access control profile checks will succeed).  This means that
+     *   it's the responsibility of the caller to determine which access control checks will fail
+     *   and remove the corresponding requests from the counts.
+     */
+    void startRetrieval(in SecureAccessControlProfile[] accessControlProfiles,
+        in HardwareAuthToken authToken, in byte[] itemsRequest, in byte[] signingKeyBlob,
+        in byte[] sessionTranscript, in byte[] readerSignature, in int[] requestCounts);
+
+    /**
+     * Starts retrieving an entry, subject to access control requirements.  Entries must be
+     * retrieved in namespace groups as specified in the requestCounts parameter.
+     *
+     * If the requestData parameter as passed to startRetrieval() was non-empty
+     * this method must only be called with entries specified in that field. If this
+     * requirement is not met, the call fails with STATUS_NOT_IN_REQUEST_MESSAGE.
+     *
+     * If nameSpace or name is empty this call fails with STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * Each access control profile for the entry is checked. If user authentication
+     * is required and the supplied auth token doesn't provide it the call fails
+     * with STATUS_USER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED. If reader authentication is required and
+     * a suitable reader certificate chain isn't presented, the call fails with
+     * STATUS_READER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED.
+     *
+     * It is permissible to keep retrieving values if an access control check fails.
+     *
+     * @param nameSpace is the namespace of the element, e.g. "org.iso.18013"
+     *
+     * @param name is the name of the element.
+     *
+     * @param entrySize is the size of the entry value, if it's a text string or a byte string.
+     *     It must be zero if the entry value is an integer or boolean. If this requirement
+     *     is not met the call fails with STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param accessControlProfileIds specifies the set of access control profiles that can
+     *     authorize access to the provisioned element. If an identifier of a profile
+     *     is given and this profile wasn't passed to startRetrieval() this call fails
+     *     with STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     */
+    void startRetrieveEntryValue(in @utf8InCpp String nameSpace, in @utf8InCpp String name,
+                                 in int entrySize, in int[] accessControlProfileIds);
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves an entry value, or part of one, if the entry value is larger than gcmChunkSize.
+     * May only be called after startRetrieveEntry().
+     *
+     * If the passed in data is not authentic, can't be decrypted, is of the wrong size, or can't
+     * be decoded, this call fails with STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param encryptedContent contains the encrypted and MACed content.
+     *
+     * @return the entry value as CBOR, or part of the entry value in the case the
+     *    content exceeds gcmChunkSize in length.
+     */
+    byte[] retrieveEntryValue(in byte[] encryptedContent);
+
+    /**
+     * End retrieval of data, optionally returning a message authentication code over the
+     * returned data.
+     *
+     * If signingKeyBlob or the sessionTranscript parameter passed to startRetrieval() is
+     * empty then the returned MAC will be empty.
+     *
+     * @param out mac is empty if signingKeyBlob or the sessionTranscript passed to
+     *    startRetrieval() is empty. Otherwise it is a COSE_Mac0 with empty payload
+     *    and the detached content is set to DeviceAuthentication as defined below.
+     *    The key used for the MAC operation is EMacKey and is derived as follows:
+     *
+     *     KDF(ECDH(SDeviceKey.Priv, EReaderKey.Pub))
+     *
+     *    where SDeviceKey.Priv is the key identified by signingKeyBlob. The KDF
+     *    and ECDH functions shall be the same as the ciphersuite selected and
+     *    passed to IIdentityStore.getCredential(). The EMacKey shall be derived
+     *    using a salt of 0x00.
+     *
+     *        DeviceAuthentication = [
+     *            "DeviceAuthentication",
+     *            SessionTranscript,
+     *            DocType,
+     *            DeviceNameSpaceBytes,
+     *        ]
+     *
+     *        DocType = tstr
+     *
+     *        SessionTranscript = [
+     *            DeviceEngagementBytes,
+     *            EReaderKeyBytes
+     *        ]
+     *
+     *        DeviceEngagementBytes = #6.24(bstr .cbor DeviceEngagement)
+     *        EReaderKeyBytes = #6.24(bstr .cbor EReaderKey.Pub)
+     *        DeviceNameSpacesBytes = #6.24(bstr .cbor DeviceNameSpaces)
+     *
+     *    where
+     *
+     *        DeviceNameSpaces = {
+     *            * NameSpace => DeviceSignedItems
+     *        }
+     *        DeviceSignedItems = {
+     *            + DataItemName => DataItemValue
+     *        }
+     *
+     *        Namespace = tstr
+     *        DataItemName = tstr
+     *        DataItemValue = any
+     *
+     *
+     * @param out deviceNameSpaces the bytes of DeviceNameSpaces.
+     */
+    void finishRetrieval(out byte[] mac, out byte[] deviceNameSpaces);
+
+    /**
+     * Generate a key pair to be used for signing session data and retrieved data items.
+     *
+     * @param out signingKeyBlob contains an encrypted copy of the newly-generated private
+     *     signing key.
+     *
+     * @return an X.509 certificate for the new signing key, signed by the credential key.
+     */
+    Certificate generateSigningKeyPair(out byte[] signingKeyBlob);
+}
diff --git a/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/IIdentityCredentialStore.aidl b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/IIdentityCredentialStore.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23cb1b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/IIdentityCredentialStore.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,239 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.identity;
+
+import android.hardware.identity.IIdentityCredential;
+import android.hardware.identity.IWritableIdentityCredential;
+import android.hardware.identity.HardwareInformation;
+import android.hardware.identity.CipherSuite;
+
+/**
+ * IIdentityCredentialStore provides an interface to a secure store for user identity documents.
+ * This HAL is deliberately fairly general and abstract.  To the extent possible, specification of
+ * the message formats and semantics of communication with credential verification devices and
+ * issuing authorities (IAs) is out of scope for this HAL.  It provides the interface with secure
+ * storage but a credential-specific Android application will be required to implement the
+ * presentation and verification protocols and processes appropriate for the specific credential
+ * type.
+ *
+ * The design of this HAL makes few assumptions about the underlying secure hardware.  In particular
+ * it does not assume that the secure hardware has any storage beyond that needed for a persistent,
+ * hardware-bound AES-128 key.  However, its design allows the use of secure hardware that does have
+ * storage, specifically to enable "direct access".  Most often credentials will be accessed through
+ * this HAL and through the Android layers above it but that requires that the Android device be
+ * powered up and fully functional.  It is desirable to allow identity credential usage when the
+ * Android device's battery is too low to boot the Android operating system, so direct access to the
+ * secure hardware via NFC may allow data retrieval, if the secure hardware chooses to implement it.
+ * Definition of how data is retrieved in low power mode is explicitly out of scope for this HAL
+ * specification; it's up to the relevant identity credential standards to define.
+ *
+ * The 'default' HAL instance is explicitly not for direct access and the 'direct_access' HAL
+ * instance - if available - is for direct access. Applications are expected to provision their
+ * credential to both instances (and the contents may differ), not just one of them.
+ *
+ * Multiple credentials can be created.  Each credential comprises:
+ *
+ * - A document type, which is a UTF-8 string of at most 256 bytes.
+ *
+ * - A set of namespaces, which serve to disambiguate value names.  Namespaces are UTF-8 strings of
+ *   up to 256 bytes in length (most should be much shorter).  It is recommended that namespaces be
+ *   structured as reverse domain names so that IANA effectively serves as the namespace registrar.
+ *
+ * - For each namespase, a set of name/value pairs, each with an associated set of access control
+ *   profile IDs.  Names are UTF-8 strings of up to 256 bytes in length (most should be much
+ *   shorter).  Values stored must be encoed as valid CBOR (https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7049) and
+ *   the encoeded size is is limited to at most 512 KiB.
+ *
+ * - A set of access control profiles, each with a profile ID and a specification of the
+ *   conditions which satisfy the profile's requirements.
+ *
+ * - An asymmetric key pair which is used to authenticate the credential to the IA, called the
+ *   CredentialKey. This key is attested to by the secure hardware using Android Keystore
+ *   attestation (https://source.android.com/security/keystore/attestation). See
+ *   getAttestationCertificate() in the IWritableIdentityCredential for more information.
+ *
+ * - A set of zero or more named reader authentication public keys, which are used to authenticate
+ *   an authorized reader to the credential.
+ *
+ * - A set of named signing keys, which are used to sign collections of values and session
+ *   transcripts.
+ *
+ * Cryptographic notation:
+ *
+ * Throughout this HAL, cryptographic operations are specified in detail.  To avoid repeating the
+ * definition of the notation, it's specified here.  It is assumed that the reader is familiar with
+ * standard cryptographic algorithms and constructs.
+ *
+ *     AES-GCM-ENC(K, N, D, A) represents AES-GCM encryption with key 'K', nonce 'N', additional
+ *         authenticated data 'A' and data 'D'.  The nonce is usually specified as 'R', meaning 12
+ *         random bytes.  The nonce is always 12 bytes and is prepended to the ciphertext. The GCM
+ *         tag is 16 bytes, appended to the ciphertext.  AES-GCM-DEC with the same argument notation
+ *         represents the corresponding decryption operation.
+ *
+ *    ECDSA(K, D) represents ECDSA signing of data 'D' with key 'K'.
+ *
+ *    || represents concatenation
+ *
+ *    {} represents an empty input; 0 bytes of data.
+ *
+ *    HBK represents a device-unique, hardware-bound AES-128 key which exists only in secure
+ *        hardware, except for "test" credential stores (see createCredential(), below).  For test
+ *        stores, an all-zero value is used in place of the HBK.
+ *
+ * Data encoding notation:
+ *
+ * Various fields need to be encoded as precisely-specified byte arrays.  Where existing standards
+ * define appropriate encodings, those are used.  For example, X.509 certificates.  Where new
+ * encodings are needed, CBOR is used.  CBOR maps are described in CDDL notation
+ * (https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-cbor-cddl-06).
+ *
+ * All binder calls in the HAL may return a ServiceSpecificException with statuses from the
+ * STATUS_* integers defined in this interface. Each method states which status can be returned
+ * and under which circumstances.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+interface IIdentityCredentialStore {
+    /**
+     * Success.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_OK = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * The operation failed. This is used as a generic catch-all for errors that don't belong
+     * in other categories, including memory/resource allocation failures and I/O errors.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_FAILED = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Unsupported cipher suite.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_CIPHER_SUITE_NOT_SUPPORTED = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * The passed data was invalid. This is a generic catch all for errors that don't belong
+     * in other categories related to parameter validation.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_INVALID_DATA = 3;
+
+    /**
+     * The authToken parameter passed to IIdentityCredential.startRetrieval() is not valid.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_INVALID_AUTH_TOKEN = 4;
+
+    /**
+     * The itemsRequest parameter passed to IIdentityCredential.startRetrieval() does not meet
+     * the requirements described in the documentation for that method.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE = 5;
+
+    /**
+     * The readerSignature parameter in IIdentityCredential.startRetrieval() is invalid,
+     * doesn't contain an embedded certificate chain, or the signature failed to
+     * validate.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_READER_SIGNATURE_CHECK_FAILED = 6;
+
+    /**
+     * The sessionTranscript passed to startRetrieval() did not contain the ephmeral public
+     * key returned by createEphemeralPublicKey().
+     */
+    const int STATUS_EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND = 7;
+
+    /**
+     * An access condition related to user authentication was not satisfied.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_USER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED = 8;
+
+    /**
+     * An access condition related to reader authentication was not satisfied.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_READER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED = 9;
+
+    /**
+     * The request data element has no access control profiles associated so it cannot be accessed.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_NO_ACCESS_CONTROL_PROFILES = 10;
+
+    /**
+     * The requested data element is not in the provided non-empty itemsRequest message.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_NOT_IN_REQUEST_MESSAGE = 11;
+
+    /**
+     * The passed-in sessionTranscript doesn't match the previously passed-in sessionTranscript.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_SESSION_TRANSCRIPT_MISMATCH = 12;
+
+    /**
+     * Returns information about hardware.
+     *
+     * @return a HardwareInformation with information about the hardware.
+     */
+    HardwareInformation getHardwareInformation();
+
+    /**
+     * createCredential creates a new Credential.  When a Credential is created, two cryptographic
+     * keys are created: StorageKey, an AES key used to secure the externalized Credential
+     * contents, and CredentialKeyPair, an EC key pair used to authenticate the store to the IA.  In
+     * addition, all of the Credential data content is imported and a certificate for the
+     * CredentialKeyPair and a signature produced with the CredentialKeyPair are created.  These
+     * latter values may be checked by an issuing authority to verify that the data was imported
+     * into secure hardware and that it was imported unmodified.
+     *
+     * @param docType is an optional name (may be an empty string) that identifies the type of
+     *     credential being created, e.g. "org.iso.18013-5.2019.mdl" (the doc type of the ISO
+     *     driving license standard).
+     *
+     * @param testCredential indicates if this is a test store.  Test credentials must use an
+     *     all-zeros hardware-bound key (HBK) and must set the test bit in the
+     *     personalizationReceipt (see finishAddingEntries(), in IWritableIdentityCredential).
+     *
+     * @return an IWritableIdentityCredential interface that provides operations to
+     *     provision a credential.
+     */
+    IWritableIdentityCredential createCredential(in @utf8InCpp String docType,
+                                                 in boolean testCredential);
+
+    /**
+     * getCredential retrieves an IIdentityCredential interface which allows use of a stored
+     * Credential.
+     *
+     * The cipher suite used to communicate with the remote verifier must also be specified. Currently
+     * only a single cipher-suite is supported and the details of this are as follow:
+     *
+     *  - ECDHE with HKDF-SHA-256 for key agreement.
+     *  - AES-256 with GCM block mode for authenticated encryption (nonces are incremented by one
+     *    for every message).
+     *  - ECDSA with SHA-256 for signing (used for signing session transcripts to defeat
+     *    man-in-the-middle attacks), signing keys are not ephemeral.
+     *
+     * Support for other cipher suites may be added in a future version of this HAL.
+     *
+     * This method fails with STATUS_INVALID_DATA if the passed in credentialData cannot be
+     * decoded or decrypted.
+     *
+     * @param cipherSuite is the cipher suite to use.
+     *
+     * @param credentialData is a CBOR-encoded structure containing metadata about the credential
+     *     and an encrypted byte array that contains data used to secure the credential.  See the
+     *     return argument of the same name in finishAddingEntries(), in
+     *     IWritableIdentityCredential.
+     *
+     * @return an IIdentityCredential HIDL interface that provides operations on the Credential.
+     */
+    IIdentityCredential getCredential(in CipherSuite cipherSuite, in byte[] credentialData);
+}
diff --git a/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/IWritableIdentityCredential.aidl b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/IWritableIdentityCredential.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..483b0c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/IWritableIdentityCredential.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.identity;
+
+import android.hardware.identity.Certificate;
+import android.hardware.identity.SecureAccessControlProfile;
+
+/**
+ * IWritableIdentityCredential is used to personalize a new identity credential.  Credentials cannot
+ * be updated or modified after creation; any changes require deletion and re-creation.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+interface IWritableIdentityCredential {
+    /**
+     * Gets the certificate chain for credentialKey which can be used to prove the hardware
+     * characteristics to an issuing authority.  Must not be called more than once.
+     *
+     * The certificate chain must be generated using Keymaster Attestation
+     * (see https://source.android.com/security/keystore/attestation) with the
+     * following additional requirements:
+     *
+     *  - The attestationVersion field in the attestation extension must be at least 3.
+     *
+     *  - The attestationSecurityLevel field must be set to either Software (0),
+     *    TrustedEnvironment (1), or StrongBox (2) depending on how attestation is
+     *    implemented. Only the default AOSP implementation of this HAL may use
+     *    value 0 (additionally, this implementation must not be used on production
+     *    devices).
+     *
+     *  - The keymasterVersion field in the attestation extension must be set to (10*major + minor)
+     *    where major and minor are the Identity Credential interface major and minor versions.
+     *    Specifically for this version of the interface (1.0) this value is 10.
+     *
+     *  - The keymasterSecurityLevel field in the attestation extension must be set to
+     *    either Software (0), TrustedEnvironment (1), or StrongBox (2) depending on how
+     *    the Trusted Application backing the HAL implementation is implemented. Only
+     *    the default AOSP implementation of this HAL may use value 0 (additionally, this
+     *    implementation must not be used on production devices)
+     *
+     *  - The attestationChallenge field must be set to the passed-in challenge.
+     *
+     *  - The uniqueId field must be empty.
+     *
+     *  - The softwareEnforced field in the attestation extension must include
+     *    Tag::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID which must be set to the bytes of the passed-in
+     *    attestationApplicationId.
+     *
+     *  - The teeEnforced field in the attestation extension must include
+     *    Tag::IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_KEY. This tag indicates that the key is an Identity
+     *    Credential key (which can only sign/MAC very specific messages) and not an Android
+     *    Keystore key (which can be used to sign/MAC anything).
+     *
+     * Additional authorizations may be needed in the softwareEnforced and teeEnforced
+     * fields - the above is not an exhaustive list.
+     *
+     * @param attestationApplicationId is the DER encoded value to be stored
+     *     in Tag::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID. This schema is described in
+     *     https://developer.android.com/training/articles/security-key-attestation#certificate_schema_attestationid
+     *
+     * @param attestationChallenge a challenge set by the issuer to ensure freshness.
+     *
+     * @return the X.509 certificate chain for the credentialKey
+     */
+    Certificate[] getAttestationCertificate(in byte[] attestationApplicationId, in byte[] attestationChallenge);
+
+    /**
+     * Start the personalization process.
+     *
+     * startPersonalization must not be called more than once.
+     *
+     * @param accessControlProfileCount specifies the number of access control profiles that will
+     *     be provisioned with addAccessControlProfile().
+     *
+     * @param entryCounts specifies the number of data entries that will be provisioned with
+     *     beginAddEntry() and addEntry(). Each item in the array specifies how many entries
+     *     will be added for each name space.
+     */
+    void startPersonalization(in int accessControlProfileCount, in int[] entryCounts);
+
+    /**
+     * Add an access control profile, which defines the requirements or retrieval of one or more
+     * entries.  If both readerCertificate and userAuthenticationRequired are empty/false,
+     * associated entries are open access, requiring no authentication to read (though the caller
+     * is free to require other authentication above this HAL).
+     *
+     * This method must be called exactly as many times as specified in the startPersonalization()
+     * accessControlProfileCount parameter. If this is requirement is not met, the method fails
+     * with STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param id a numeric identifier that must be unique within the context of a Credential and may
+     *     be used to reference the profile. If this is not satisfied the call fails with
+     *     STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param readerCertificate if non-empty, specifies a X.509 certificate (or chain of
+     *     certificates) that must be used to authenticate requests (see the readerSignature
+     *     parameter in IIdentityCredential.startRetrieval).
+     *
+     * @param userAuthenticationRequired if true, specifies that the user is required to
+     *     authenticate to allow requests.  Required authentication freshness is specified by
+     *     timeout below.
+     *
+     * @param timeoutMillis specifies the amount of time, in milliseconds, for which a user
+     *     authentication (see userAuthenticationRequired above) is valid, if
+     *     userAuthenticationRequired is true. If the timout is zero then authentication is
+     *     required for each reader session. If userAuthenticationRequired is false, the timeout
+     *     must be zero. If this requirement is not met the call fails with STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param secureUserId must be non-zero if userAuthenticationRequired is true. It is not
+     *     related to any Android user ID or UID, but is created in the Gatekeeper application
+     *     in the secure environment. If this requirement is not met the call fails with
+     *     STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @return a structure with the passed-in data and MAC created with storageKey for authenticating
+     *     the data at a later point in time.
+     */
+    SecureAccessControlProfile addAccessControlProfile(in int id, in Certificate readerCertificate,
+        in boolean userAuthenticationRequired, in long timeoutMillis, in long secureUserId);
+
+    /**
+     * Begins the process of adding an entry to the credential.  All access control profiles must be
+     * added before calling this method.  Entries must be added in namespace "groups", meaning all
+     * entries of one namespace must be added before adding entries from another namespace.
+     *
+     * This method must be called exactly as many times as the sum of the items in the entryCounts
+     * parameter specified in the startPersonalization(), and must be followed by one or more calls
+     * to addEntryValue(). If this requirement is not met the method fails with STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param accessControlProfileIds specifies the set of access control profiles that can
+     *     authorize access to the provisioned element.
+     *
+     * @param nameSpace is the namespace of the element, e.g. "org.iso.18013"
+     *
+     * @param name is the name of the element.
+     *
+     * @param entrySize is the size of the entry value. If this requirement
+     *     is not met this method fails with STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     */
+    void beginAddEntry(in int[] accessControlProfileIds, in @utf8InCpp String nameSpace,
+        in @utf8InCpp String name, in int entrySize);
+
+    /**
+     * Continues the process of adding an entry, providing a value or part of a value.
+     *
+     * In the common case, this method will be called only once per entry added.  In the case of
+     * values that are larger than the secure environment's GCM chunk size
+     * (see IIdentityCredentialStore.getHardwareInformation()), the caller must provide the
+     * value in chunks.  All chunks must be exactly gcmChunkSize except the last and the sum of all
+     * chunk sizes must equal the value of the beginAddEntry() entrySize argument. If this
+     * requirement is not met the call fails with STATUS_INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param content is the entry value, encoded as CBOR. In the case the content exceeds gcmChunkSize,
+     *     this may be partial content up to gcmChunkSize bytes long.
+     *
+     * @return the encrypted and MACed content.  For directly-available credentials the contents are
+     *     implementation-defined. For other credentials, the result contains
+     *
+     *         AES-GCM-ENC(storageKey, R, Data, AdditionalData)
+     *
+     *     where:
+     *
+     *         Data = any   ; value
+     *
+     *         AdditionalData = {
+     *             "Namespace" : tstr,
+     *             "Name" : tstr,
+     *             "AccessControlProfileIds" : [ + uint ],
+     *         }
+     */
+    byte[] addEntryValue(in byte[] content);
+
+    /**
+     * Finishes adding entries and returns a signature that an issuing authority may use to
+     * validate that all data was provisioned correctly.
+     *
+     * After this method is called, the IWritableIdentityCredential is no longer usable.
+     *
+     * @param out credentialData is a CBOR-encoded structure (in CDDL notation):
+     *
+     *         CredentialData = [
+     *              tstr,   ; docType, an optional name that identifies the type of credential
+     *              bool,   ; testCredential, indicates if this is a test credential
+     *              bstr    ; an opaque byte vector with encrypted data, see below
+     *         ]
+     *
+     *     The last element is an opaque byte vector which contains encrypted copies of the
+     *     secrets used to secure the new credential's data and to authenticate the credential to
+     *     the issuing authority.  It contains:
+     *
+     *         AES-GCM-ENC(HBK, R, CredentialKeys, docType)
+     *
+     *     where HBK is a unique hardware-bound key that has never existed outside of the secure
+     *     environment (except it's all zeroes if testCredential is True) and CredentialKeys is
+     *     the CBOR-encoded structure (in CDDL notation):
+     *
+     *         CredentialKeys = [
+     *              bstr,   ; storageKey, a 128-bit AES key
+     *              bstr    ; credentialPrivKey, the private key for credentialKey
+     *         ]
+     *
+     * @param out proofOfProvisioningSignature proves to the IA that the credential was imported
+     *     into the secure hardware without alteration or error.  When the final addEntry() call is
+     *     made (when the number of provisioned entries equals the sum of the items in
+     *     startPersonalization() entryCounts parameter), a COSE_Sign1 structure
+     *     signed by CredentialKey with payload set to the ProofOfProvisioning CBOR below:
+     *
+     *          ProofOfProvisioning = [
+     *              "ProofOfProvisioning",
+     *              tstr,                         ; DocType
+     *              [ * AccessControlProfile ],
+     *              ProvisionedData,
+     *              bool                          ; true if this is a test credential, should
+     *                                            ; always be false.
+     *          ]
+     *
+     *          AccessControlProfile = {
+     *              "id" : uint,
+     *              ? "readerCertificate" : bstr,
+     *              ? (
+     *                  "userAuthenticationRequired" : bool,
+     *                  "timeoutMillis" : uint,
+     *              )
+     *          }
+     *
+     *          ProvisionedData = {
+     *              * Namespace => [ + Entry ]
+     *          },
+     *
+     *          Namespace = tstr
+     *
+     *          Entry = {
+     *              "name" : tstr,
+     *              "value" : any,
+     *              "accessControlProfiles" : [ * uint ],
+     *          }
+     */
+    void finishAddingEntries(out byte[] credentialData,
+        out byte[] proofOfProvisioningSignature);
+}
diff --git a/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/SecureAccessControlProfile.aidl b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/SecureAccessControlProfile.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01d312d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/android/hardware/identity/SecureAccessControlProfile.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.identity;
+
+import android.hardware.identity.Certificate;
+
+@VintfStability
+parcelable SecureAccessControlProfile {
+    /**
+     * id is a numeric identifier that must be unique within the context of a Credential and may be
+     * used to reference the profile.
+     */
+    int id;
+
+    /**
+     * readerCertificate, if non-empty, specifies a single X.509 certificate (not a chain
+     * of certificates) that must be used to authenticate requests. For details about how
+     * this is done, see the readerSignature paremter of IIdentityCredential.startRetrieval.
+     */
+    Certificate readerCertificate;
+
+    /**
+     * if true, the user is required to authenticate to allow requests.  Required authentication
+     * fressness is specified by timeout below.
+     *
+     */
+    boolean userAuthenticationRequired;
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout specifies the amount of time, in milliseconds, for which a user authentication (see
+     * above) is valid, if userAuthenticationRequired is set to true.  If userAuthenticationRequired
+     * is true and timout is zero then authentication is required for each reader session.
+     *
+     * If userAuthenticationRequired is false, timeout must be zero.
+     */
+    long timeoutMillis;
+
+    /**
+     * secureUserId must be non-zero if userAuthenticationRequired is true.
+     * It is not related to any Android user ID or UID, but is created in the
+     * Gatekeeper application in the secure environment.
+     */
+    long secureUserId;
+
+    /**
+     * The mac is used to authenticate the access control profile.  It contains:
+     *
+     *      AES-GCM-ENC(storageKey, R, {}, AccessControlProfile)
+     *
+     *  where AccessControlProfile is the CBOR map:
+     *
+     *      AccessControlProfile = {
+     *          "id": uint,
+     *          ? "readerCertificate" : bstr,
+     *          ? (
+     *              "userAuthenticationRequired" : bool,
+     *              "timeoutMillis" : uint,
+     *              "secureUserId" : uint
+     *          )
+     *      }
+     */
+    byte[] mac;
+}
+
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/Android.bp b/identity/aidl/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2eb0faa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.identity-service.example",
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    init_rc: ["identity-default.rc"],
+    vintf_fragments: ["identity-default.xml"],
+    vendor: true,
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Wextra",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "libcppbor",
+        "libcrypto",
+        "liblog",
+        "libutils",
+        "android.hardware.identity-support-lib",
+        "android.hardware.identity-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.keymaster-ndk_platform",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "IdentityCredential.cpp",
+        "IdentityCredentialStore.cpp",
+        "WritableIdentityCredential.cpp",
+        "Util.cpp",
+        "service.cpp",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/IdentityCredential.cpp b/identity/aidl/default/IdentityCredential.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aaae1f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/IdentityCredential.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,761 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "IdentityCredential"
+
+#include "IdentityCredential.h"
+#include "IdentityCredentialStore.h"
+#include "Util.h"
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <cppbor.h>
+#include <cppbor_parse.h>
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity {
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::keymaster::Timestamp;
+using ::std::optional;
+
+using namespace ::android::hardware::identity;
+
+int IdentityCredential::initialize() {
+    auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(credentialData_);
+    if (item == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "CredentialData is not valid CBOR: " << message;
+        return IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+
+    const cppbor::Array* arrayItem = item->asArray();
+    if (arrayItem == nullptr || arrayItem->size() != 3) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "CredentialData is not an array with three elements";
+        return IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+
+    const cppbor::Tstr* docTypeItem = (*arrayItem)[0]->asTstr();
+    const cppbor::Bool* testCredentialItem =
+            ((*arrayItem)[1]->asSimple() != nullptr ? ((*arrayItem)[1]->asSimple()->asBool())
+                                                    : nullptr);
+    const cppbor::Bstr* encryptedCredentialKeysItem = (*arrayItem)[2]->asBstr();
+    if (docTypeItem == nullptr || testCredentialItem == nullptr ||
+        encryptedCredentialKeysItem == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "CredentialData unexpected item types";
+        return IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+
+    docType_ = docTypeItem->value();
+    testCredential_ = testCredentialItem->value();
+
+    vector<uint8_t> hardwareBoundKey;
+    if (testCredential_) {
+        hardwareBoundKey = support::getTestHardwareBoundKey();
+    } else {
+        hardwareBoundKey = getHardwareBoundKey();
+    }
+
+    const vector<uint8_t>& encryptedCredentialKeys = encryptedCredentialKeysItem->value();
+    const vector<uint8_t> docTypeVec(docType_.begin(), docType_.end());
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> decryptedCredentialKeys =
+            support::decryptAes128Gcm(hardwareBoundKey, encryptedCredentialKeys, docTypeVec);
+    if (!decryptedCredentialKeys) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error decrypting CredentialKeys";
+        return IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+
+    auto [dckItem, dckPos, dckMessage] = cppbor::parse(decryptedCredentialKeys.value());
+    if (dckItem == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Decrypted CredentialKeys is not valid CBOR: " << dckMessage;
+        return IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+    const cppbor::Array* dckArrayItem = dckItem->asArray();
+    if (dckArrayItem == nullptr || dckArrayItem->size() != 2) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Decrypted CredentialKeys is not an array with two elements";
+        return IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+    const cppbor::Bstr* storageKeyItem = (*dckArrayItem)[0]->asBstr();
+    const cppbor::Bstr* credentialPrivKeyItem = (*dckArrayItem)[1]->asBstr();
+    if (storageKeyItem == nullptr || credentialPrivKeyItem == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "CredentialKeys unexpected item types";
+        return IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+    storageKey_ = storageKeyItem->value();
+    credentialPrivKey_ = credentialPrivKeyItem->value();
+
+    return IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_OK;
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus IdentityCredential::deleteCredential(
+        vector<uint8_t>* outProofOfDeletionSignature) {
+    cppbor::Array array = {"ProofOfDeletion", docType_, testCredential_};
+    vector<uint8_t> proofOfDeletion = array.encode();
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signature = support::coseSignEcDsa(credentialPrivKey_,
+                                                                 proofOfDeletion,  // payload
+                                                                 {},               // additionalData
+                                                                 {});  // certificateChain
+    if (!signature) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error signing data"));
+    }
+
+    *outProofOfDeletionSignature = signature.value();
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus IdentityCredential::createEphemeralKeyPair(vector<uint8_t>* outKeyPair) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> kp = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    if (!kp) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error creating ephemeral key pair"));
+    }
+
+    // Stash public key of this key-pair for later check in startRetrieval().
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> publicKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(kp.value());
+    if (!publicKey) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
+                "Error getting public part of ephemeral key pair"));
+    }
+    ephemeralPublicKey_ = publicKey.value();
+
+    *outKeyPair = kp.value();
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus IdentityCredential::setReaderEphemeralPublicKey(
+        const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey) {
+    readerPublicKey_ = publicKey;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus IdentityCredential::createAuthChallenge(int64_t* outChallenge) {
+    uint64_t challenge = 0;
+    while (challenge == 0) {
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> bytes = support::getRandom(8);
+        if (!bytes) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
+                    "Error getting random data for challenge"));
+        }
+
+        challenge = 0;
+        for (size_t n = 0; n < bytes.value().size(); n++) {
+            challenge |= ((bytes.value())[n] << (n * 8));
+        }
+    }
+
+    *outChallenge = challenge;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+// TODO: this could be a lot faster if we did all the splitting and pubkey extraction
+// ahead of time.
+bool checkReaderAuthentication(const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile,
+                               const vector<uint8_t>& readerCertificateChain) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> acpPubKey =
+            support::certificateChainGetTopMostKey(profile.readerCertificate.encodedCertificate);
+    if (!acpPubKey) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error extracting public key from readerCertificate in profile";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> certificatesInChain =
+            support::certificateChainSplit(readerCertificateChain);
+    if (!certificatesInChain) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error splitting readerCertificateChain";
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (const vector<uint8_t>& certInChain : certificatesInChain.value()) {
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> certPubKey = support::certificateChainGetTopMostKey(certInChain);
+        if (!certPubKey) {
+            LOG(ERROR)
+                    << "Error extracting public key from certificate in chain presented by reader";
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (acpPubKey.value() == certPubKey.value()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+Timestamp clockGetTime() {
+    struct timespec time;
+    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &time);
+    Timestamp ts;
+    ts.milliSeconds = time.tv_sec * 1000 + time.tv_nsec / 1000000;
+    return ts;
+}
+
+bool checkUserAuthentication(const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile,
+                             const HardwareAuthToken& authToken, uint64_t authChallenge) {
+    if (profile.secureUserId != authToken.userId) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "secureUserId in profile (" << profile.secureUserId
+                   << ") differs from userId in authToken (" << authToken.userId << ")";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (profile.timeoutMillis == 0) {
+        if (authToken.challenge == 0) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "No challenge in authToken";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (authToken.challenge != int64_t(authChallenge)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Challenge in authToken doesn't match the challenge we created";
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // Note that the Epoch for timestamps in HardwareAuthToken is at the
+    // discretion of the vendor:
+    //
+    //   "[...] since some starting point (generally the most recent device
+    //    boot) which all of the applications within one secure environment
+    //    must agree upon."
+    //
+    // Therefore, if this software implementation is used on a device which isn't
+    // the emulator then the assumption that the epoch is the same as used in
+    // clockGetTime above will not hold. This is OK as this software
+    // implementation should never be used on a real device.
+    //
+    Timestamp now = clockGetTime();
+    if (authToken.timestamp.milliSeconds > now.milliSeconds) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Timestamp in authToken (" << authToken.timestamp.milliSeconds
+                   << ") is in the future (now: " << now.milliSeconds << ")";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (now.milliSeconds > authToken.timestamp.milliSeconds + profile.timeoutMillis) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Deadline for authToken (" << authToken.timestamp.milliSeconds << " + "
+                   << profile.timeoutMillis << " = "
+                   << (authToken.timestamp.milliSeconds + profile.timeoutMillis)
+                   << ") is in the past (now: " << now.milliSeconds << ")";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus IdentityCredential::startRetrieval(
+        const vector<SecureAccessControlProfile>& accessControlProfiles,
+        const HardwareAuthToken& authToken, const vector<uint8_t>& itemsRequest,
+        const vector<uint8_t>& signingKeyBlob, const vector<uint8_t>& sessionTranscript,
+        const vector<uint8_t>& readerSignature, const vector<int32_t>& requestCounts) {
+    if (sessionTranscript.size() > 0) {
+        auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(sessionTranscript);
+        if (item == nullptr) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                    "SessionTranscript contains invalid CBOR"));
+        }
+        sessionTranscriptItem_ = std::move(item);
+    }
+    if (numStartRetrievalCalls_ > 0) {
+        if (sessionTranscript_ != sessionTranscript) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_SESSION_TRANSCRIPT_MISMATCH,
+                    "Passed-in SessionTranscript doesn't match previously used SessionTranscript"));
+        }
+    }
+    sessionTranscript_ = sessionTranscript;
+
+    // If there is a signature, validate that it was made with the top-most key in the
+    // certificate chain embedded in the COSE_Sign1 structure.
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerCertificateChain;
+    if (readerSignature.size() > 0) {
+        readerCertificateChain = support::coseSignGetX5Chain(readerSignature);
+        if (!readerCertificateChain) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_READER_SIGNATURE_CHECK_FAILED,
+                    "Unable to get reader certificate chain from COSE_Sign1"));
+        }
+
+        if (!support::certificateChainValidate(readerCertificateChain.value())) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_READER_SIGNATURE_CHECK_FAILED,
+                    "Error validating reader certificate chain"));
+        }
+
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerPublicKey =
+                support::certificateChainGetTopMostKey(readerCertificateChain.value());
+        if (!readerPublicKey) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_READER_SIGNATURE_CHECK_FAILED,
+                    "Unable to get public key from reader certificate chain"));
+        }
+
+        const vector<uint8_t>& itemsRequestBytes = itemsRequest;
+        vector<uint8_t> dataThatWasSigned = cppbor::Array()
+                                                    .add("ReaderAuthentication")
+                                                    .add(sessionTranscriptItem_->clone())
+                                                    .add(cppbor::Semantic(24, itemsRequestBytes))
+                                                    .encode();
+        if (!support::coseCheckEcDsaSignature(readerSignature,
+                                              dataThatWasSigned,  // detached content
+                                              readerPublicKey.value())) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_READER_SIGNATURE_CHECK_FAILED,
+                    "readerSignature check failed"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Here's where we would validate the passed-in |authToken| to assure ourselves
+    // that it comes from the e.g. biometric hardware and wasn't made up by an attacker.
+    //
+    // However this involves calculating the MAC. However this requires access
+    // to the key needed to a pre-shared key which we don't have...
+    //
+
+    // To prevent replay-attacks, we check that the public part of the ephemeral
+    // key we previously created, is present in the DeviceEngagement part of
+    // SessionTranscript as a COSE_Key, in uncompressed form.
+    //
+    // We do this by just searching for the X and Y coordinates.
+    if (sessionTranscript.size() > 0) {
+        const cppbor::Array* array = sessionTranscriptItem_->asArray();
+        if (array == nullptr || array->size() != 2) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                    "SessionTranscript is not an array with two items"));
+        }
+        const cppbor::Semantic* taggedEncodedDE = (*array)[0]->asSemantic();
+        if (taggedEncodedDE == nullptr || taggedEncodedDE->value() != 24) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                    "First item in SessionTranscript array is not a "
+                    "semantic with value 24"));
+        }
+        const cppbor::Bstr* encodedDE = (taggedEncodedDE->child())->asBstr();
+        if (encodedDE == nullptr) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                    "Child of semantic in first item in SessionTranscript "
+                    "array is not a bstr"));
+        }
+        const vector<uint8_t>& bytesDE = encodedDE->value();
+
+        auto [getXYSuccess, ePubX, ePubY] = support::ecPublicKeyGetXandY(ephemeralPublicKey_);
+        if (!getXYSuccess) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                    "Error extracting X and Y from ePub"));
+        }
+        if (sessionTranscript.size() > 0 &&
+            !(memmem(bytesDE.data(), bytesDE.size(), ePubX.data(), ePubX.size()) != nullptr &&
+              memmem(bytesDE.data(), bytesDE.size(), ePubY.data(), ePubY.size()) != nullptr)) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                    "Did not find ephemeral public key's X and Y coordinates in "
+                    "SessionTranscript (make sure leading zeroes are not used)"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // itemsRequest: If non-empty, contains request data that may be signed by the
+    // reader.  The content can be defined in the way appropriate for the
+    // credential, but there are three requirements that must be met to work with
+    // this HAL:
+    if (itemsRequest.size() > 0) {
+        // 1. The content must be a CBOR-encoded structure.
+        auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(itemsRequest);
+        if (item == nullptr) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                    "Error decoding CBOR in itemsRequest"));
+        }
+
+        // 2. The CBOR structure must be a map.
+        const cppbor::Map* map = item->asMap();
+        if (map == nullptr) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                    "itemsRequest is not a CBOR map"));
+        }
+
+        // 3. The map must contain a key "nameSpaces" whose value contains a map, as described in
+        //    the example below.
+        //
+        //   NameSpaces = {
+        //     + NameSpace => DataElements ; Requested data elements for each NameSpace
+        //   }
+        //
+        //   NameSpace = tstr
+        //
+        //   DataElements = {
+        //     + DataElement => IntentToRetain
+        //   }
+        //
+        //   DataElement = tstr
+        //   IntentToRetain = bool
+        //
+        // Here's an example of an |itemsRequest| CBOR value satisfying above requirements 1.
+        // through 3.:
+        //
+        //    {
+        //        'docType' : 'org.iso.18013-5.2019',
+        //        'nameSpaces' : {
+        //            'org.iso.18013-5.2019' : {
+        //                'Last name' : false,
+        //                'Birth date' : false,
+        //                'First name' : false,
+        //                'Home address' : true
+        //            },
+        //            'org.aamva.iso.18013-5.2019' : {
+        //                'Real Id' : false
+        //            }
+        //        }
+        //    }
+        //
+        const cppbor::Map* nsMap = nullptr;
+        for (size_t n = 0; n < map->size(); n++) {
+            const auto& [keyItem, valueItem] = (*map)[n];
+            if (keyItem->type() == cppbor::TSTR && keyItem->asTstr()->value() == "nameSpaces" &&
+                valueItem->type() == cppbor::MAP) {
+                nsMap = valueItem->asMap();
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (nsMap == nullptr) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                    "No nameSpaces map in top-most map"));
+        }
+
+        for (size_t n = 0; n < nsMap->size(); n++) {
+            auto [nsKeyItem, nsValueItem] = (*nsMap)[n];
+            const cppbor::Tstr* nsKey = nsKeyItem->asTstr();
+            const cppbor::Map* nsInnerMap = nsValueItem->asMap();
+            if (nsKey == nullptr || nsInnerMap == nullptr) {
+                return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                        IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                        "Type mismatch in nameSpaces map"));
+            }
+            string requestedNamespace = nsKey->value();
+            vector<string> requestedKeys;
+            for (size_t m = 0; m < nsInnerMap->size(); m++) {
+                const auto& [innerMapKeyItem, innerMapValueItem] = (*nsInnerMap)[m];
+                const cppbor::Tstr* nameItem = innerMapKeyItem->asTstr();
+                const cppbor::Simple* simple = innerMapValueItem->asSimple();
+                const cppbor::Bool* intentToRetainItem =
+                        (simple != nullptr) ? simple->asBool() : nullptr;
+                if (nameItem == nullptr || intentToRetainItem == nullptr) {
+                    return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                            IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                            "Type mismatch in value in nameSpaces map"));
+                }
+                requestedKeys.push_back(nameItem->value());
+            }
+            requestedNameSpacesAndNames_[requestedNamespace] = requestedKeys;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Finally, validate all the access control profiles in the requestData.
+    bool haveAuthToken = (authToken.mac.size() > 0);
+    for (const auto& profile : accessControlProfiles) {
+        if (!secureAccessControlProfileCheckMac(profile, storageKey_)) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                    "Error checking MAC for profile"));
+        }
+        int accessControlCheck = IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_OK;
+        if (profile.userAuthenticationRequired) {
+            if (!haveAuthToken || !checkUserAuthentication(profile, authToken, authChallenge_)) {
+                accessControlCheck = IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_USER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED;
+            }
+        } else if (profile.readerCertificate.encodedCertificate.size() > 0) {
+            if (!readerCertificateChain ||
+                !checkReaderAuthentication(profile, readerCertificateChain.value())) {
+                accessControlCheck = IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_READER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED;
+            }
+        }
+        profileIdToAccessCheckResult_[profile.id] = accessControlCheck;
+    }
+
+    deviceNameSpacesMap_ = cppbor::Map();
+    currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_ = cppbor::Map();
+
+    requestCountsRemaining_ = requestCounts;
+    currentNameSpace_ = "";
+
+    itemsRequest_ = itemsRequest;
+    signingKeyBlob_ = signingKeyBlob;
+
+    numStartRetrievalCalls_ += 1;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus IdentityCredential::startRetrieveEntryValue(
+        const string& nameSpace, const string& name, int32_t entrySize,
+        const vector<int32_t>& accessControlProfileIds) {
+    if (name.empty()) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA, "Name cannot be empty"));
+    }
+    if (nameSpace.empty()) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA, "Name space cannot be empty"));
+    }
+
+    if (requestCountsRemaining_.size() == 0) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                "No more name spaces left to go through"));
+    }
+
+    if (currentNameSpace_ == "") {
+        // First call.
+        currentNameSpace_ = nameSpace;
+    }
+
+    if (nameSpace == currentNameSpace_) {
+        // Same namespace.
+        if (requestCountsRemaining_[0] == 0) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                    "No more entries to be retrieved in current name space"));
+        }
+        requestCountsRemaining_[0] -= 1;
+    } else {
+        // New namespace.
+        if (requestCountsRemaining_[0] != 0) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                    "Moved to new name space but one or more entries need to be retrieved "
+                    "in current name space"));
+        }
+        if (currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_.size() > 0) {
+            deviceNameSpacesMap_.add(currentNameSpace_,
+                                     std::move(currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_));
+        }
+        currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_ = cppbor::Map();
+
+        requestCountsRemaining_.erase(requestCountsRemaining_.begin());
+        currentNameSpace_ = nameSpace;
+    }
+
+    // It's permissible to have an empty itemsRequest... but if non-empty you can
+    // only request what was specified in said itemsRequest. Enforce that.
+    if (itemsRequest_.size() > 0) {
+        const auto& it = requestedNameSpacesAndNames_.find(nameSpace);
+        if (it == requestedNameSpacesAndNames_.end()) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_NOT_IN_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                    "Name space was not requested in startRetrieval"));
+        }
+        const auto& dataItemNames = it->second;
+        if (std::find(dataItemNames.begin(), dataItemNames.end(), name) == dataItemNames.end()) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_NOT_IN_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                    "Data item name in name space was not requested in startRetrieval"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Enforce access control.
+    //
+    // Access is granted if at least one of the profiles grants access.
+    //
+    // If an item is configured without any profiles, access is denied.
+    //
+    int accessControl = IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_NO_ACCESS_CONTROL_PROFILES;
+    for (auto id : accessControlProfileIds) {
+        auto search = profileIdToAccessCheckResult_.find(id);
+        if (search == profileIdToAccessCheckResult_.end()) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                    "Requested entry with unvalidated profile id"));
+        }
+        int accessControlForProfile = search->second;
+        if (accessControlForProfile == IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_OK) {
+            accessControl = IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_OK;
+            break;
+        }
+        accessControl = accessControlForProfile;
+    }
+    if (accessControl != IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_OK) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                int(accessControl), "Access control check failed"));
+    }
+
+    entryAdditionalData_ = entryCreateAdditionalData(nameSpace, name, accessControlProfileIds);
+
+    currentName_ = name;
+    entryRemainingBytes_ = entrySize;
+    entryValue_.resize(0);
+
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus IdentityCredential::retrieveEntryValue(const vector<uint8_t>& encryptedContent,
+                                                          vector<uint8_t>* outContent) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> content =
+            support::decryptAes128Gcm(storageKey_, encryptedContent, entryAdditionalData_);
+    if (!content) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA, "Error decrypting data"));
+    }
+
+    size_t chunkSize = content.value().size();
+
+    if (chunkSize > entryRemainingBytes_) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Retrieved chunk of size " << chunkSize
+                   << " is bigger than remaining space of size " << entryRemainingBytes_;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                "Retrieved chunk is bigger than remaining space"));
+    }
+
+    entryRemainingBytes_ -= chunkSize;
+    if (entryRemainingBytes_ > 0) {
+        if (chunkSize != IdentityCredentialStore::kGcmChunkSize) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                    "Retrieved non-final chunk of size which isn't kGcmChunkSize"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    entryValue_.insert(entryValue_.end(), content.value().begin(), content.value().end());
+
+    if (entryRemainingBytes_ == 0) {
+        auto [entryValueItem, _, message] = cppbor::parse(entryValue_);
+        if (entryValueItem == nullptr) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                    "Retrieved data which is invalid CBOR"));
+        }
+        currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_.add(currentName_, std::move(entryValueItem));
+    }
+
+    *outContent = content.value();
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus IdentityCredential::finishRetrieval(vector<uint8_t>* outMac,
+                                                       vector<uint8_t>* outDeviceNameSpaces) {
+    if (currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_.size() > 0) {
+        deviceNameSpacesMap_.add(currentNameSpace_,
+                                 std::move(currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_));
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> encodedDeviceNameSpaces = deviceNameSpacesMap_.encode();
+
+    // If there's no signing key or no sessionTranscript or no reader ephemeral
+    // public key, we return the empty MAC.
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> mac;
+    if (signingKeyBlob_.size() > 0 && sessionTranscript_.size() > 0 &&
+        readerPublicKey_.size() > 0) {
+        cppbor::Array array;
+        array.add("DeviceAuthentication");
+        array.add(sessionTranscriptItem_->clone());
+        array.add(docType_);
+        array.add(cppbor::Semantic(24, encodedDeviceNameSpaces));
+        vector<uint8_t> encodedDeviceAuthentication = array.encode();
+
+        vector<uint8_t> docTypeAsBlob(docType_.begin(), docType_.end());
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> signingKey =
+                support::decryptAes128Gcm(storageKey_, signingKeyBlob_, docTypeAsBlob);
+        if (!signingKey) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                    "Error decrypting signingKeyBlob"));
+        }
+
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> sharedSecret =
+                support::ecdh(readerPublicKey_, signingKey.value());
+        if (!sharedSecret) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error doing ECDH"));
+        }
+
+        vector<uint8_t> salt = {0x00};
+        vector<uint8_t> info = {};
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> derivedKey = support::hkdf(sharedSecret.value(), salt, info, 32);
+        if (!derivedKey) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
+                    "Error deriving key from shared secret"));
+        }
+
+        mac = support::coseMac0(derivedKey.value(), {},        // payload
+                                encodedDeviceAuthentication);  // additionalData
+        if (!mac) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error MACing data"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    *outMac = mac.value_or(vector<uint8_t>({}));
+    *outDeviceNameSpaces = encodedDeviceNameSpaces;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus IdentityCredential::generateSigningKeyPair(
+        vector<uint8_t>* outSigningKeyBlob, Certificate* outSigningKeyCertificate) {
+    string serialDecimal = "0";  // TODO: set serial to something unique
+    string issuer = "Android Open Source Project";
+    string subject = "Android IdentityCredential Reference Implementation";
+    time_t validityNotBefore = time(nullptr);
+    time_t validityNotAfter = validityNotBefore + 365 * 24 * 3600;
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signingKeyPKCS8 = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    if (!signingKeyPKCS8) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error creating signingKey"));
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signingPublicKey =
+            support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(signingKeyPKCS8.value());
+    if (!signingPublicKey) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
+                "Error getting public part of signingKey"));
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signingKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(signingKeyPKCS8.value());
+    if (!signingKey) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
+                "Error getting private part of signingKey"));
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> certificate = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+            signingPublicKey.value(), credentialPrivKey_, serialDecimal, issuer, subject,
+            validityNotBefore, validityNotAfter);
+    if (!certificate) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error creating signingKey"));
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> nonce = support::getRandom(12);
+    if (!nonce) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error getting random"));
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> docTypeAsBlob(docType_.begin(), docType_.end());
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> encryptedSigningKey = support::encryptAes128Gcm(
+            storageKey_, nonce.value(), signingKey.value(), docTypeAsBlob);
+    if (!encryptedSigningKey) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error encrypting signingKey"));
+    }
+    *outSigningKeyBlob = encryptedSigningKey.value();
+    *outSigningKeyCertificate = Certificate();
+    outSigningKeyCertificate->encodedCertificate = certificate.value();
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/IdentityCredential.h b/identity/aidl/default/IdentityCredential.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6072afe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/IdentityCredential.h
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_IDENTITYCREDENTIAL_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_IDENTITYCREDENTIAL_H
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/identity/BnIdentityCredential.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/keymaster/HardwareAuthToken.h>
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <map>
+#include <set>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <cppbor/cppbor.h>
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity {
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::keymaster::HardwareAuthToken;
+using ::std::map;
+using ::std::string;
+using ::std::vector;
+
+using MapStringToVectorOfStrings = map<string, vector<string>>;
+
+class IdentityCredential : public BnIdentityCredential {
+  public:
+    IdentityCredential(const vector<uint8_t>& credentialData)
+        : credentialData_(credentialData), numStartRetrievalCalls_(0), authChallenge_(0) {}
+
+    // Parses and decrypts credentialData_, return a status code from
+    // IIdentityCredentialStore. Must be called right after construction.
+    int initialize();
+
+    // Methods from IIdentityCredential follow.
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus deleteCredential(vector<uint8_t>* outProofOfDeletionSignature) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus createEphemeralKeyPair(vector<uint8_t>* outKeyPair) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setReaderEphemeralPublicKey(const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus createAuthChallenge(int64_t* outChallenge) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus startRetrieval(
+            const vector<SecureAccessControlProfile>& accessControlProfiles,
+            const HardwareAuthToken& authToken, const vector<uint8_t>& itemsRequest,
+            const vector<uint8_t>& signingKeyBlob, const vector<uint8_t>& sessionTranscript,
+            const vector<uint8_t>& readerSignature, const vector<int32_t>& requestCounts) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus startRetrieveEntryValue(
+            const string& nameSpace, const string& name, int32_t entrySize,
+            const vector<int32_t>& accessControlProfileIds) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus retrieveEntryValue(const vector<uint8_t>& encryptedContent,
+                                          vector<uint8_t>* outContent) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus finishRetrieval(vector<uint8_t>* outMac,
+                                       vector<uint8_t>* outDeviceNameSpaces) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus generateSigningKeyPair(vector<uint8_t>* outSigningKeyBlob,
+                                              Certificate* outSigningKeyCertificate) override;
+
+  private:
+    // Set by constructor
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialData_;
+    int numStartRetrievalCalls_;
+
+    // Set by initialize()
+    string docType_;
+    bool testCredential_;
+    vector<uint8_t> storageKey_;
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialPrivKey_;
+
+    // Set by createEphemeralKeyPair()
+    vector<uint8_t> ephemeralPublicKey_;
+
+    // Set by setReaderEphemeralPublicKey()
+    vector<uint8_t> readerPublicKey_;
+
+    // Set by createAuthChallenge()
+    uint64_t authChallenge_;
+
+    // Set at startRetrieval() time.
+    map<int32_t, int> profileIdToAccessCheckResult_;
+    vector<uint8_t> signingKeyBlob_;
+    vector<uint8_t> sessionTranscript_;
+    std::unique_ptr<cppbor::Item> sessionTranscriptItem_;
+    vector<uint8_t> itemsRequest_;
+    vector<int32_t> requestCountsRemaining_;
+    MapStringToVectorOfStrings requestedNameSpacesAndNames_;
+    cppbor::Map deviceNameSpacesMap_;
+    cppbor::Map currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_;
+
+    // Set at startRetrieveEntryValue() time.
+    string currentNameSpace_;
+    string currentName_;
+    size_t entryRemainingBytes_;
+    vector<uint8_t> entryValue_;
+    vector<uint8_t> entryAdditionalData_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_IDENTITYCREDENTIAL_H
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/IdentityCredentialStore.cpp b/identity/aidl/default/IdentityCredentialStore.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30dc6f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/IdentityCredentialStore.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "IdentityCredentialStore"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include "IdentityCredential.h"
+#include "IdentityCredentialStore.h"
+#include "WritableIdentityCredential.h"
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity {
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus IdentityCredentialStore::getHardwareInformation(
+        HardwareInformation* hardwareInformation) {
+    HardwareInformation hw;
+    hw.credentialStoreName = "Identity Credential Reference Implementation";
+    hw.credentialStoreAuthorName = "Google";
+    hw.dataChunkSize = kGcmChunkSize;
+    hw.isDirectAccess = false;
+    hw.supportedDocTypes = {};
+    *hardwareInformation = hw;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus IdentityCredentialStore::createCredential(
+        const string& docType, bool testCredential,
+        shared_ptr<IWritableIdentityCredential>* outWritableCredential) {
+    shared_ptr<WritableIdentityCredential> wc =
+            ndk::SharedRefBase::make<WritableIdentityCredential>(docType, testCredential);
+    if (!wc->initialize()) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
+                "Error initializing WritableIdentityCredential"));
+    }
+    *outWritableCredential = wc;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus IdentityCredentialStore::getCredential(
+        CipherSuite cipherSuite, const vector<uint8_t>& credentialData,
+        shared_ptr<IIdentityCredential>* outCredential) {
+    // We only support CIPHERSUITE_ECDHE_HKDF_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA256 right now.
+    if (cipherSuite != CipherSuite::CIPHERSUITE_ECDHE_HKDF_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA256) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_CIPHER_SUITE_NOT_SUPPORTED,
+                "Unsupported cipher suite"));
+    }
+
+    shared_ptr<IdentityCredential> credential =
+            ndk::SharedRefBase::make<IdentityCredential>(credentialData);
+    auto ret = credential->initialize();
+    if (ret != IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_OK) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                int(ret), "Error initializing IdentityCredential"));
+    }
+    *outCredential = credential;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/IdentityCredentialStore.h b/identity/aidl/default/IdentityCredentialStore.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f3a421
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/IdentityCredentialStore.h
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_IDENTITYCREDENTIALSTORE_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_IDENTITYCREDENTIALSTORE_H
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/identity/BnIdentityCredentialStore.h>
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity {
+
+using ::std::shared_ptr;
+using ::std::string;
+using ::std::vector;
+
+class IdentityCredentialStore : public BnIdentityCredentialStore {
+  public:
+    IdentityCredentialStore() {}
+
+    // The GCM chunk size used by this implementation is 64 KiB.
+    static constexpr size_t kGcmChunkSize = 64 * 1024;
+
+    // Methods from IIdentityCredentialStore follow.
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getHardwareInformation(HardwareInformation* hardwareInformation) override;
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus createCredential(
+            const string& docType, bool testCredential,
+            shared_ptr<IWritableIdentityCredential>* outWritableCredential) override;
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getCredential(CipherSuite cipherSuite, const vector<uint8_t>& credentialData,
+                                     shared_ptr<IIdentityCredential>* outCredential) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_IDENTITYCREDENTIALSTORE_H
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/Util.cpp b/identity/aidl/default/Util.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66b9f13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/Util.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "Util"
+
+#include "Util.h"
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <cppbor.h>
+#include <cppbor_parse.h>
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity {
+
+using namespace ::android::hardware::identity;
+
+// This is not a very random HBK but that's OK because this is the SW
+// implementation where it can't be kept secret.
+vector<uint8_t> hardwareBoundKey = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15};
+
+const vector<uint8_t>& getHardwareBoundKey() {
+    return hardwareBoundKey;
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> secureAccessControlProfileEncodeCbor(const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile) {
+    cppbor::Map map;
+    map.add("id", profile.id);
+
+    if (profile.readerCertificate.encodedCertificate.size() > 0) {
+        map.add("readerCertificate", cppbor::Bstr(profile.readerCertificate.encodedCertificate));
+    }
+
+    if (profile.userAuthenticationRequired) {
+        map.add("userAuthenticationRequired", profile.userAuthenticationRequired);
+        map.add("timeoutMillis", profile.timeoutMillis);
+        map.add("secureUserId", profile.secureUserId);
+    }
+
+    return map.encode();
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> secureAccessControlProfileCalcMac(
+        const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile, const vector<uint8_t>& storageKey) {
+    vector<uint8_t> cborData = secureAccessControlProfileEncodeCbor(profile);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> nonce = support::getRandom(12);
+    if (!nonce) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> macO =
+            support::encryptAes128Gcm(storageKey, nonce.value(), {}, cborData);
+    if (!macO) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    return macO.value();
+}
+
+bool secureAccessControlProfileCheckMac(const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile,
+                                        const vector<uint8_t>& storageKey) {
+    vector<uint8_t> cborData = secureAccessControlProfileEncodeCbor(profile);
+
+    if (profile.mac.size() < support::kAesGcmIvSize) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> nonce =
+            vector<uint8_t>(profile.mac.begin(), profile.mac.begin() + support::kAesGcmIvSize);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> mac = support::encryptAes128Gcm(storageKey, nonce, {}, cborData);
+    if (!mac) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (mac.value() != profile.mac) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> entryCreateAdditionalData(const string& nameSpace, const string& name,
+                                          const vector<int32_t> accessControlProfileIds) {
+    cppbor::Map map;
+    map.add("Namespace", nameSpace);
+    map.add("Name", name);
+
+    cppbor::Array acpIds;
+    for (auto id : accessControlProfileIds) {
+        acpIds.add(id);
+    }
+    map.add("AccessControlProfileIds", std::move(acpIds));
+    return map.encode();
+}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/Util.h b/identity/aidl/default/Util.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9fccba2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/Util.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_UTIL_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_UTIL_H
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/identity/BnIdentityCredential.h>
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <map>
+#include <optional>
+#include <set>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <cppbor/cppbor.h>
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity {
+
+using ::std::optional;
+using ::std::string;
+using ::std::vector;
+
+// Returns the hardware-bound AES-128 key.
+const vector<uint8_t>& getHardwareBoundKey();
+
+// Calculates the MAC for |profile| using |storageKey|.
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> secureAccessControlProfileCalcMac(
+        const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile, const vector<uint8_t>& storageKey);
+
+// Checks authenticity of the MAC in |profile| using |storageKey|.
+bool secureAccessControlProfileCheckMac(const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile,
+                                        const vector<uint8_t>& storageKey);
+
+// Creates the AdditionalData CBOR used in the addEntryValue() HIDL method.
+vector<uint8_t> entryCreateAdditionalData(const string& nameSpace, const string& name,
+                                          const vector<int32_t> accessControlProfileIds);
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_UTIL_H
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.cpp b/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bce913a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "WritableIdentityCredential"
+
+#include "WritableIdentityCredential.h"
+#include "IdentityCredentialStore.h"
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <cppbor/cppbor.h>
+#include <cppbor/cppbor_parse.h>
+
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "IdentityCredentialStore.h"
+#include "Util.h"
+#include "WritableIdentityCredential.h"
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity {
+
+using ::std::optional;
+using namespace ::android::hardware::identity;
+
+bool WritableIdentityCredential::initialize() {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> random = support::getRandom(16);
+    if (!random) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating storageKey";
+        return false;
+    }
+    storageKey_ = random.value();
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+// This function generates the attestation certificate using the passed in
+// |attestationApplicationId| and |attestationChallenge|.  It will generate an
+// attestation certificate with current time and expires one year from now.  The
+// certificate shall contain all values as specified in hal.
+ndk::ScopedAStatus WritableIdentityCredential::getAttestationCertificate(
+        const vector<uint8_t>& attestationApplicationId,  //
+        const vector<uint8_t>& attestationChallenge,      //
+        vector<Certificate>* outCertificateChain) {
+    if (!credentialPrivKey_.empty() || !credentialPubKey_.empty() || !certificateChain_.empty()) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
+                "Error attestation certificate previously generated"));
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> challenge(attestationChallenge.begin(), attestationChallenge.end());
+    vector<uint8_t> appId(attestationApplicationId.begin(), attestationApplicationId.end());
+
+    optional<std::pair<vector<uint8_t>, vector<vector<uint8_t>>>> keyAttestationPair =
+            support::createEcKeyPairAndAttestation(challenge, appId);
+    if (!keyAttestationPair) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating credentialKey and attestation";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
+                "Error creating credentialKey and attestation"));
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> keyPair = keyAttestationPair.value().first;
+    certificateChain_ = keyAttestationPair.value().second;
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair);
+    if (!pubKey) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
+                "Error getting public part of credentialKey"));
+    }
+    credentialPubKey_ = pubKey.value();
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair);
+    if (!privKey) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
+                "Error getting private part of credentialKey"));
+    }
+    credentialPrivKey_ = privKey.value();
+
+    // convert from vector<vector<uint8_t>>> to vector<Certificate>*
+    *outCertificateChain = vector<Certificate>();
+    for (const vector<uint8_t>& cert : certificateChain_) {
+        Certificate c = Certificate();
+        c.encodedCertificate = cert;
+        outCertificateChain->push_back(std::move(c));
+    }
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus WritableIdentityCredential::startPersonalization(
+        int32_t accessControlProfileCount, const vector<int32_t>& entryCounts) {
+    numAccessControlProfileRemaining_ = accessControlProfileCount;
+    remainingEntryCounts_ = entryCounts;
+    entryNameSpace_ = "";
+
+    signedDataAccessControlProfiles_ = cppbor::Array();
+    signedDataNamespaces_ = cppbor::Map();
+    signedDataCurrentNamespace_ = cppbor::Array();
+
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus WritableIdentityCredential::addAccessControlProfile(
+        int32_t id, const Certificate& readerCertificate, bool userAuthenticationRequired,
+        int64_t timeoutMillis, int64_t secureUserId,
+        SecureAccessControlProfile* outSecureAccessControlProfile) {
+    SecureAccessControlProfile profile;
+
+    if (numAccessControlProfileRemaining_ == 0) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                "numAccessControlProfileRemaining_ is 0 and expected non-zero"));
+    }
+
+    // Spec requires if |userAuthenticationRequired| is false, then |timeoutMillis| must also
+    // be zero.
+    if (!userAuthenticationRequired && timeoutMillis != 0) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                "userAuthenticationRequired is false but timeout is non-zero"));
+    }
+
+    profile.id = id;
+    profile.readerCertificate = readerCertificate;
+    profile.userAuthenticationRequired = userAuthenticationRequired;
+    profile.timeoutMillis = timeoutMillis;
+    profile.secureUserId = secureUserId;
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> mac = secureAccessControlProfileCalcMac(profile, storageKey_);
+    if (!mac) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error calculating MAC for profile"));
+    }
+    profile.mac = mac.value();
+
+    cppbor::Map profileMap;
+    profileMap.add("id", profile.id);
+    if (profile.readerCertificate.encodedCertificate.size() > 0) {
+        profileMap.add("readerCertificate",
+                       cppbor::Bstr(profile.readerCertificate.encodedCertificate));
+    }
+    if (profile.userAuthenticationRequired) {
+        profileMap.add("userAuthenticationRequired", profile.userAuthenticationRequired);
+        profileMap.add("timeoutMillis", profile.timeoutMillis);
+    }
+    signedDataAccessControlProfiles_.add(std::move(profileMap));
+
+    numAccessControlProfileRemaining_--;
+
+    *outSecureAccessControlProfile = profile;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus WritableIdentityCredential::beginAddEntry(
+        const vector<int32_t>& accessControlProfileIds, const string& nameSpace, const string& name,
+        int32_t entrySize) {
+    if (numAccessControlProfileRemaining_ != 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "numAccessControlProfileRemaining_ is " << numAccessControlProfileRemaining_
+                   << " and expected zero";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                "numAccessControlProfileRemaining_ is not zero"));
+    }
+
+    if (remainingEntryCounts_.size() == 0) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA, "No more namespaces to add to"));
+    }
+
+    // Handle initial beginEntry() call.
+    if (entryNameSpace_ == "") {
+        entryNameSpace_ = nameSpace;
+    }
+
+    // If the namespace changed...
+    if (nameSpace != entryNameSpace_) {
+        // Then check that all entries in the previous namespace have been added..
+        if (remainingEntryCounts_[0] != 0) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                    "New namespace but a non-zero number of entries remain to be added"));
+        }
+        remainingEntryCounts_.erase(remainingEntryCounts_.begin());
+
+        if (signedDataCurrentNamespace_.size() > 0) {
+            signedDataNamespaces_.add(entryNameSpace_, std::move(signedDataCurrentNamespace_));
+            signedDataCurrentNamespace_ = cppbor::Array();
+        }
+    } else {
+        // Same namespace...
+        if (remainingEntryCounts_[0] == 0) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                    "Same namespace but no entries remain to be added"));
+        }
+        remainingEntryCounts_[0] -= 1;
+    }
+
+    entryAdditionalData_ = entryCreateAdditionalData(nameSpace, name, accessControlProfileIds);
+
+    entryRemainingBytes_ = entrySize;
+    entryNameSpace_ = nameSpace;
+    entryName_ = name;
+    entryAccessControlProfileIds_ = accessControlProfileIds;
+    entryBytes_.resize(0);
+    // LOG(INFO) << "name=" << name << " entrySize=" << entrySize;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus WritableIdentityCredential::addEntryValue(const vector<uint8_t>& content,
+                                                             vector<uint8_t>* outEncryptedContent) {
+    size_t contentSize = content.size();
+
+    if (contentSize > IdentityCredentialStore::kGcmChunkSize) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                "Passed in chunk of is bigger than kGcmChunkSize"));
+    }
+    if (contentSize > entryRemainingBytes_) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                "Passed in chunk is bigger than remaining space"));
+    }
+
+    entryBytes_.insert(entryBytes_.end(), content.begin(), content.end());
+    entryRemainingBytes_ -= contentSize;
+    if (entryRemainingBytes_ > 0) {
+        if (contentSize != IdentityCredentialStore::kGcmChunkSize) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA,
+                    "Retrieved non-final chunk which isn't kGcmChunkSize"));
+        }
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> nonce = support::getRandom(12);
+    if (!nonce) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error getting nonce"));
+    }
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> encryptedContent =
+            support::encryptAes128Gcm(storageKey_, nonce.value(), content, entryAdditionalData_);
+    if (!encryptedContent) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error encrypting content"));
+    }
+
+    if (entryRemainingBytes_ == 0) {
+        // TODO: ideally do do this without parsing the data (but still validate data is valid
+        // CBOR).
+        auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(entryBytes_);
+        if (item == nullptr) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                    IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_INVALID_DATA, "Data is not valid CBOR"));
+        }
+        cppbor::Map entryMap;
+        entryMap.add("name", entryName_);
+        entryMap.add("value", std::move(item));
+        cppbor::Array profileIdArray;
+        for (auto id : entryAccessControlProfileIds_) {
+            profileIdArray.add(id);
+        }
+        entryMap.add("accessControlProfiles", std::move(profileIdArray));
+        signedDataCurrentNamespace_.add(std::move(entryMap));
+    }
+
+    *outEncryptedContent = encryptedContent.value();
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+// Writes CBOR-encoded structure to |credentialKeys| containing |storageKey| and
+// |credentialPrivKey|.
+static bool generateCredentialKeys(const vector<uint8_t>& storageKey,
+                                   const vector<uint8_t>& credentialPrivKey,
+                                   vector<uint8_t>& credentialKeys) {
+    if (storageKey.size() != 16) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Size of storageKey is not 16";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    cppbor::Array array;
+    array.add(cppbor::Bstr(storageKey));
+    array.add(cppbor::Bstr(credentialPrivKey));
+    credentialKeys = array.encode();
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Writes CBOR-encoded structure to |credentialData| containing |docType|,
+// |testCredential| and |credentialKeys|. The latter element will be stored in
+// encrypted form, using |hardwareBoundKey| as the encryption key.
+bool generateCredentialData(const vector<uint8_t>& hardwareBoundKey, const string& docType,
+                            bool testCredential, const vector<uint8_t>& credentialKeys,
+                            vector<uint8_t>& credentialData) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> nonce = support::getRandom(12);
+    if (!nonce) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting random";
+        return false;
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> docTypeAsVec(docType.begin(), docType.end());
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> credentialBlob = support::encryptAes128Gcm(
+            hardwareBoundKey, nonce.value(), credentialKeys, docTypeAsVec);
+    if (!credentialBlob) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error encrypting CredentialKeys blob";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    cppbor::Array array;
+    array.add(docType);
+    array.add(testCredential);
+    array.add(cppbor::Bstr(credentialBlob.value()));
+    credentialData = array.encode();
+    return true;
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus WritableIdentityCredential::finishAddingEntries(
+        vector<uint8_t>* outCredentialData, vector<uint8_t>* outProofOfProvisioningSignature) {
+    if (signedDataCurrentNamespace_.size() > 0) {
+        signedDataNamespaces_.add(entryNameSpace_, std::move(signedDataCurrentNamespace_));
+    }
+    cppbor::Array popArray;
+    popArray.add("ProofOfProvisioning")
+            .add(docType_)
+            .add(std::move(signedDataAccessControlProfiles_))
+            .add(std::move(signedDataNamespaces_))
+            .add(testCredential_);
+    vector<uint8_t> encodedCbor = popArray.encode();
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signature = support::coseSignEcDsa(credentialPrivKey_,
+                                                                 encodedCbor,  // payload
+                                                                 {},           // additionalData
+                                                                 {});          // certificateChain
+    if (!signature) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error signing data"));
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialKeys;
+    if (!generateCredentialKeys(storageKey_, credentialPrivKey_, credentialKeys)) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error generating CredentialKeys"));
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialData;
+    if (!generateCredentialData(
+                testCredential_ ? support::getTestHardwareBoundKey() : getHardwareBoundKey(),
+                docType_, testCredential_, credentialKeys, credentialData)) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
+                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error generating CredentialData"));
+    }
+
+    *outCredentialData = credentialData;
+    *outProofOfProvisioningSignature = signature.value();
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.h b/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b6fca8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.h
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_WRITABLEIDENTITYCREDENTIAL_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_WRITABLEIDENTITYCREDENTIAL_H
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/identity/BnWritableIdentityCredential.h>
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <cppbor.h>
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity {
+
+using ::std::string;
+using ::std::vector;
+
+class WritableIdentityCredential : public BnWritableIdentityCredential {
+  public:
+    WritableIdentityCredential(const string& docType, bool testCredential)
+        : docType_(docType), testCredential_(testCredential) {}
+
+    // Creates the Credential Key. Returns false on failure. Must be called
+    // right after construction.
+    bool initialize();
+
+    // Methods from IWritableIdentityCredential follow.
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getAttestationCertificate(const vector<uint8_t>& attestationApplicationId,
+                                                 const vector<uint8_t>& attestationChallenge,
+                                                 vector<Certificate>* outCertificateChain) override;
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus startPersonalization(int32_t accessControlProfileCount,
+                                            const vector<int32_t>& entryCounts) override;
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus addAccessControlProfile(
+            int32_t id, const Certificate& readerCertificate, bool userAuthenticationRequired,
+            int64_t timeoutMillis, int64_t secureUserId,
+            SecureAccessControlProfile* outSecureAccessControlProfile) override;
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus beginAddEntry(const vector<int32_t>& accessControlProfileIds,
+                                     const string& nameSpace, const string& name,
+                                     int32_t entrySize) override;
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus addEntryValue(const vector<uint8_t>& content,
+                                     vector<uint8_t>* outEncryptedContent) override;
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus finishAddingEntries(
+            vector<uint8_t>* outCredentialData,
+            vector<uint8_t>* outProofOfProvisioningSignature) override;
+
+    // private:
+    string docType_;
+    bool testCredential_;
+
+    // This is set in initialize().
+    vector<uint8_t> storageKey_;
+
+    // These are set in getAttestationCertificate().
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialPrivKey_;
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialPubKey_;
+    vector<vector<uint8_t>> certificateChain_;
+
+    // These fields are initialized during startPersonalization()
+    size_t numAccessControlProfileRemaining_;
+    vector<int32_t> remainingEntryCounts_;
+    cppbor::Array signedDataAccessControlProfiles_;
+    cppbor::Map signedDataNamespaces_;
+    cppbor::Array signedDataCurrentNamespace_;
+
+    // These fields are initialized during beginAddEntry()
+    size_t entryRemainingBytes_;
+    vector<uint8_t> entryAdditionalData_;
+    string entryNameSpace_;
+    string entryName_;
+    vector<int32_t> entryAccessControlProfileIds_;
+    vector<uint8_t> entryBytes_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::identity
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_WRITABLEIDENTITYCREDENTIAL_H
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/identity-default.rc b/identity/aidl/default/identity-default.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3b62c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/identity-default.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+service vendor.identity-default /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.identity-service.example
+    class hal
+    user nobody
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/identity-default.xml b/identity/aidl/default/identity-default.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a47d354
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/identity-default.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<manifest version="1.0" type="device">
+    <hal format="aidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.identity</name>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IIdentityCredentialStore</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/service.cpp b/identity/aidl/default/service.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f05c615
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/service.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "android.hardware.identity-service"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+
+#include "IdentityCredentialStore.h"
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::identity::IdentityCredentialStore;
+
+int main() {
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(0);
+    std::shared_ptr<IdentityCredentialStore> store =
+            ndk::SharedRefBase::make<IdentityCredentialStore>();
+
+    const std::string instance = std::string() + IdentityCredentialStore::descriptor + "/default";
+    LOG(INFO) << "instance: " << instance;
+    binder_status_t status = AServiceManager_addService(store->asBinder().get(), instance.c_str());
+    CHECK(status == STATUS_OK);
+
+    ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;  // should not reach
+}
diff --git a/identity/aidl/vts/Android.bp b/identity/aidl/vts/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cecc814
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/vts/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalIdentityTargetTest",
+    defaults: [
+        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
+        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+    ],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalIdentityTargetTest.cpp"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder",
+        "libcrypto",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libcppbor",
+        "android.hardware.identity-support-lib",
+        "android.hardware.identity-cpp",
+        "android.hardware.keymaster-cpp",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/identity/aidl/vts/VtsHalIdentityTargetTest.cpp b/identity/aidl/vts/VtsHalIdentityTargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea37fdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/aidl/vts/VtsHalIdentityTargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,446 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#define LOG_TAG "VtsHalIdentityTargetTest"
+
+#include <aidl/Gtest.h>
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/hardware/identity/IIdentityCredentialStore.h>
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
+#include <cppbor.h>
+#include <cppbor_parse.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <future>
+#include <map>
+
+namespace android::hardware::identity {
+
+using std::map;
+using std::optional;
+using std::string;
+using std::vector;
+
+using ::android::sp;
+using ::android::String16;
+using ::android::binder::Status;
+
+using ::android::hardware::keymaster::HardwareAuthToken;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Test Data.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+struct TestEntryData {
+    TestEntryData(string nameSpace, string name, vector<int32_t> profileIds)
+        : nameSpace(nameSpace), name(name), profileIds(profileIds) {}
+
+    TestEntryData(string nameSpace, string name, const string& value, vector<int32_t> profileIds)
+        : TestEntryData(nameSpace, name, profileIds) {
+        valueCbor = cppbor::Tstr(((const char*)value.data())).encode();
+    }
+    TestEntryData(string nameSpace, string name, const vector<uint8_t>& value,
+                  vector<int32_t> profileIds)
+        : TestEntryData(nameSpace, name, profileIds) {
+        valueCbor = cppbor::Bstr(value).encode();
+    }
+    TestEntryData(string nameSpace, string name, bool value, vector<int32_t> profileIds)
+        : TestEntryData(nameSpace, name, profileIds) {
+        valueCbor = cppbor::Bool(value).encode();
+    }
+    TestEntryData(string nameSpace, string name, int64_t value, vector<int32_t> profileIds)
+        : TestEntryData(nameSpace, name, profileIds) {
+        if (value >= 0) {
+            valueCbor = cppbor::Uint(value).encode();
+        } else {
+            valueCbor = cppbor::Nint(-value).encode();
+        }
+    }
+
+    string nameSpace;
+    string name;
+    vector<uint8_t> valueCbor;
+    vector<int32_t> profileIds;
+};
+
+struct TestProfile {
+    uint16_t id;
+    vector<uint8_t> readerCertificate;
+    bool userAuthenticationRequired;
+    uint64_t timeoutMillis;
+};
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+class IdentityAidl : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        credentialStore_ = android::waitForDeclaredService<IIdentityCredentialStore>(
+                String16(GetParam().c_str()));
+        ASSERT_NE(credentialStore_, nullptr);
+    }
+
+    sp<IIdentityCredentialStore> credentialStore_;
+};
+
+TEST_P(IdentityAidl, hardwareInformation) {
+    HardwareInformation info;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(credentialStore_->getHardwareInformation(&info).isOk());
+    ASSERT_GT(info.credentialStoreName.size(), 0);
+    ASSERT_GT(info.credentialStoreAuthorName.size(), 0);
+    ASSERT_GE(info.dataChunkSize, 256);
+}
+
+TEST_P(IdentityAidl, createAndRetrieveCredential) {
+    // First, generate a key-pair for the reader since its public key will be
+    // part of the request data.
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerKeyPKCS8 = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(readerKeyPKCS8);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerPublicKey =
+            support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(readerKeyPKCS8.value());
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(readerKeyPKCS8.value());
+    string serialDecimal = "1234";
+    string issuer = "Android Open Source Project";
+    string subject = "Android IdentityCredential VTS Test";
+    time_t validityNotBefore = time(nullptr);
+    time_t validityNotAfter = validityNotBefore + 365 * 24 * 3600;
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerCertificate = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+            readerPublicKey.value(), readerKey.value(), serialDecimal, issuer, subject,
+            validityNotBefore, validityNotAfter);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(readerCertificate);
+
+    // Make the portrait image really big (just shy of 256 KiB) to ensure that
+    // the chunking code gets exercised.
+    vector<uint8_t> portraitImage;
+    portraitImage.resize(256 * 1024 - 10);
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < portraitImage.size(); n++) {
+        portraitImage[n] = (uint8_t)n;
+    }
+
+    // Access control profiles:
+    const vector<TestProfile> testProfiles = {// Profile 0 (reader authentication)
+                                              {0, readerCertificate.value(), false, 0},
+                                              // Profile 1 (no authentication)
+                                              {1, {}, false, 0}};
+
+    HardwareAuthToken authToken;
+
+    // Here's the actual test data:
+    const vector<TestEntryData> testEntries = {
+            {"PersonalData", "Last name", string("Turing"), vector<int32_t>{0, 1}},
+            {"PersonalData", "Birth date", string("19120623"), vector<int32_t>{0, 1}},
+            {"PersonalData", "First name", string("Alan"), vector<int32_t>{0, 1}},
+            {"PersonalData", "Home address", string("Maida Vale, London, England"),
+             vector<int32_t>{0}},
+            {"Image", "Portrait image", portraitImage, vector<int32_t>{0, 1}},
+    };
+    const vector<int32_t> testEntriesEntryCounts = {static_cast<int32_t>(testEntries.size() - 1),
+                                                    1u};
+    HardwareInformation hwInfo;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(credentialStore_->getHardwareInformation(&hwInfo).isOk());
+
+    string cborPretty;
+    sp<IWritableIdentityCredential> writableCredential;
+    string docType = "org.iso.18013-5.2019.mdl";
+    bool testCredential = true;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(credentialStore_->createCredential(docType, testCredential, &writableCredential)
+                        .isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(writableCredential, nullptr);
+
+    string challenge = "attestationChallenge";
+    // TODO: set it to something random and check it's in the cert chain
+    vector<uint8_t> attestationApplicationId = {};
+    vector<uint8_t> attestationChallenge(challenge.begin(), challenge.end());
+    vector<Certificate> attestationCertificates;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(writableCredential
+                        ->getAttestationCertificate(attestationApplicationId, attestationChallenge,
+                                                    &attestationCertificates)
+                        .isOk());
+    ASSERT_GE(attestationCertificates.size(), 2);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+            writableCredential->startPersonalization(testProfiles.size(), testEntriesEntryCounts)
+                    .isOk());
+
+    vector<SecureAccessControlProfile> returnedSecureProfiles;
+    for (const auto& testProfile : testProfiles) {
+        SecureAccessControlProfile profile;
+        Certificate cert;
+        cert.encodedCertificate = testProfile.readerCertificate;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(writableCredential
+                            ->addAccessControlProfile(testProfile.id, cert,
+                                                      testProfile.userAuthenticationRequired,
+                                                      testProfile.timeoutMillis,
+                                                      0,  // secureUserId
+                                                      &profile)
+                            .isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(testProfile.id, profile.id);
+        ASSERT_EQ(testProfile.readerCertificate, profile.readerCertificate.encodedCertificate);
+        ASSERT_EQ(testProfile.userAuthenticationRequired, profile.userAuthenticationRequired);
+        ASSERT_EQ(testProfile.timeoutMillis, profile.timeoutMillis);
+        ASSERT_EQ(support::kAesGcmTagSize + support::kAesGcmIvSize, profile.mac.size());
+        returnedSecureProfiles.push_back(profile);
+    }
+
+    // Uses TestEntryData* pointer as key and values are the encrypted blobs. This
+    // is a little hacky but it works well enough.
+    map<const TestEntryData*, vector<vector<uint8_t>>> encryptedBlobs;
+
+    for (const auto& entry : testEntries) {
+        vector<vector<uint8_t>> chunks =
+                support::chunkVector(entry.valueCbor, hwInfo.dataChunkSize);
+
+        ASSERT_TRUE(writableCredential
+                            ->beginAddEntry(entry.profileIds, entry.nameSpace, entry.name,
+                                            entry.valueCbor.size())
+                            .isOk());
+
+        vector<vector<uint8_t>> encryptedChunks;
+        for (const auto& chunk : chunks) {
+            vector<uint8_t> encryptedChunk;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(writableCredential->addEntryValue(chunk, &encryptedChunk).isOk());
+            encryptedChunks.push_back(encryptedChunk);
+        }
+        encryptedBlobs[&entry] = encryptedChunks;
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialData;
+    vector<uint8_t> proofOfProvisioningSignature;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+            writableCredential->finishAddingEntries(&credentialData, &proofOfProvisioningSignature)
+                    .isOk());
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> proofOfProvisioning =
+            support::coseSignGetPayload(proofOfProvisioningSignature);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(proofOfProvisioning);
+    cborPretty = support::cborPrettyPrint(proofOfProvisioning.value(), 32, {"readerCertificate"});
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  'ProofOfProvisioning',\n"
+            "  'org.iso.18013-5.2019.mdl',\n"
+            "  [\n"
+            "    {\n"
+            "      'id' : 0,\n"
+            "      'readerCertificate' : <not printed>,\n"
+            "    },\n"
+            "    {\n"
+            "      'id' : 1,\n"
+            "    },\n"
+            "  ],\n"
+            "  {\n"
+            "    'PersonalData' : [\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        'name' : 'Last name',\n"
+            "        'value' : 'Turing',\n"
+            "        'accessControlProfiles' : [0, 1, ],\n"
+            "      },\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        'name' : 'Birth date',\n"
+            "        'value' : '19120623',\n"
+            "        'accessControlProfiles' : [0, 1, ],\n"
+            "      },\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        'name' : 'First name',\n"
+            "        'value' : 'Alan',\n"
+            "        'accessControlProfiles' : [0, 1, ],\n"
+            "      },\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        'name' : 'Home address',\n"
+            "        'value' : 'Maida Vale, London, England',\n"
+            "        'accessControlProfiles' : [0, ],\n"
+            "      },\n"
+            "    ],\n"
+            "    'Image' : [\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        'name' : 'Portrait image',\n"
+            "        'value' : <bstr size=262134 sha1=941e372f654d86c32d88fae9e41b706afbfd02bb>,\n"
+            "        'accessControlProfiles' : [0, 1, ],\n"
+            "      },\n"
+            "    ],\n"
+            "  },\n"
+            "  true,\n"
+            "]",
+            cborPretty);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> credentialPubKey =
+            support::certificateChainGetTopMostKey(attestationCertificates[0].encodedCertificate);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(credentialPubKey);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(support::coseCheckEcDsaSignature(proofOfProvisioningSignature,
+                                                 {},  // Additional data
+                                                 credentialPubKey.value()));
+    writableCredential = nullptr;
+
+    // Now that the credential has been provisioned, read it back and check the
+    // correct data is returned.
+    sp<IIdentityCredential> credential;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(credentialStore_
+                        ->getCredential(
+                                CipherSuite::CIPHERSUITE_ECDHE_HKDF_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA256,
+                                credentialData, &credential)
+                        .isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(credential, nullptr);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerEphemeralKeyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(readerEphemeralKeyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerEphemeralPublicKey =
+            support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(readerEphemeralKeyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(credential->setReaderEphemeralPublicKey(readerEphemeralPublicKey.value()).isOk());
+
+    vector<uint8_t> ephemeralKeyPair;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(credential->createEphemeralKeyPair(&ephemeralKeyPair).isOk());
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> ephemeralPublicKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(ephemeralKeyPair);
+
+    // Calculate requestData field and sign it with the reader key.
+    auto [getXYSuccess, ephX, ephY] = support::ecPublicKeyGetXandY(ephemeralPublicKey.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(getXYSuccess);
+    cppbor::Map deviceEngagement = cppbor::Map().add("ephX", ephX).add("ephY", ephY);
+    vector<uint8_t> deviceEngagementBytes = deviceEngagement.encode();
+    vector<uint8_t> eReaderPubBytes = cppbor::Tstr("ignored").encode();
+    cppbor::Array sessionTranscript = cppbor::Array()
+                                              .add(cppbor::Semantic(24, deviceEngagementBytes))
+                                              .add(cppbor::Semantic(24, eReaderPubBytes));
+    vector<uint8_t> sessionTranscriptBytes = sessionTranscript.encode();
+
+    vector<uint8_t> itemsRequestBytes =
+            cppbor::Map("nameSpaces",
+                        cppbor::Map()
+                                .add("PersonalData", cppbor::Map()
+                                                             .add("Last name", false)
+                                                             .add("Birth date", false)
+                                                             .add("First name", false)
+                                                             .add("Home address", true))
+                                .add("Image", cppbor::Map().add("Portrait image", false)))
+                    .encode();
+    cborPretty = support::cborPrettyPrint(itemsRequestBytes, 32, {"EphemeralPublicKey"});
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "{\n"
+            "  'nameSpaces' : {\n"
+            "    'PersonalData' : {\n"
+            "      'Last name' : false,\n"
+            "      'Birth date' : false,\n"
+            "      'First name' : false,\n"
+            "      'Home address' : true,\n"
+            "    },\n"
+            "    'Image' : {\n"
+            "      'Portrait image' : false,\n"
+            "    },\n"
+            "  },\n"
+            "}",
+            cborPretty);
+    vector<uint8_t> dataToSign = cppbor::Array()
+                                         .add("ReaderAuthentication")
+                                         .add(sessionTranscript.clone())
+                                         .add(cppbor::Semantic(24, itemsRequestBytes))
+                                         .encode();
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerSignature =
+            support::coseSignEcDsa(readerKey.value(), {},  // content
+                                   dataToSign,             // detached content
+                                   readerCertificate.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(readerSignature);
+
+    // Generate the key that will be used to sign AuthenticatedData.
+    vector<uint8_t> signingKeyBlob;
+    Certificate signingKeyCertificate;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(credential->generateSigningKeyPair(&signingKeyBlob, &signingKeyCertificate).isOk());
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(credential
+                        ->startRetrieval(returnedSecureProfiles, authToken, itemsRequestBytes,
+                                         signingKeyBlob, sessionTranscriptBytes,
+                                         readerSignature.value(), testEntriesEntryCounts)
+                        .isOk());
+
+    for (const auto& entry : testEntries) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(credential
+                            ->startRetrieveEntryValue(entry.nameSpace, entry.name,
+                                                      entry.valueCbor.size(), entry.profileIds)
+                            .isOk());
+
+        auto it = encryptedBlobs.find(&entry);
+        ASSERT_NE(it, encryptedBlobs.end());
+        const vector<vector<uint8_t>>& encryptedChunks = it->second;
+
+        vector<uint8_t> content;
+        for (const auto& encryptedChunk : encryptedChunks) {
+            vector<uint8_t> chunk;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(credential->retrieveEntryValue(encryptedChunk, &chunk).isOk());
+            content.insert(content.end(), chunk.begin(), chunk.end());
+        }
+        EXPECT_EQ(content, entry.valueCbor);
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> mac;
+    vector<uint8_t> deviceNameSpacesBytes;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(credential->finishRetrieval(&mac, &deviceNameSpacesBytes).isOk());
+    cborPretty = support::cborPrettyPrint(deviceNameSpacesBytes, 32, {});
+    ASSERT_EQ(
+            "{\n"
+            "  'PersonalData' : {\n"
+            "    'Last name' : 'Turing',\n"
+            "    'Birth date' : '19120623',\n"
+            "    'First name' : 'Alan',\n"
+            "    'Home address' : 'Maida Vale, London, England',\n"
+            "  },\n"
+            "  'Image' : {\n"
+            "    'Portrait image' : <bstr size=262134 "
+            "sha1=941e372f654d86c32d88fae9e41b706afbfd02bb>,\n"
+            "  },\n"
+            "}",
+            cborPretty);
+    // The data that is MACed is ["DeviceAuthentication", sessionTranscriptBytes, docType,
+    // deviceNameSpacesBytes] so build up that structure
+    cppbor::Array deviceAuthentication;
+    deviceAuthentication.add("DeviceAuthentication");
+    deviceAuthentication.add(sessionTranscript.clone());
+    deviceAuthentication.add(docType);
+    deviceAuthentication.add(cppbor::Semantic(24, deviceNameSpacesBytes));
+    vector<uint8_t> encodedDeviceAuthentication = deviceAuthentication.encode();
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signingPublicKey =
+            support::certificateChainGetTopMostKey(signingKeyCertificate.encodedCertificate);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(signingPublicKey);
+
+    // Derive the key used for MACing.
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerEphemeralPrivateKey =
+            support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(readerEphemeralKeyPair.value());
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> sharedSecret =
+            support::ecdh(signingPublicKey.value(), readerEphemeralPrivateKey.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(sharedSecret);
+    vector<uint8_t> salt = {0x00};
+    vector<uint8_t> info = {};
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> derivedKey = support::hkdf(sharedSecret.value(), salt, info, 32);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(derivedKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> calculatedMac =
+            support::coseMac0(derivedKey.value(), {},        // payload
+                              encodedDeviceAuthentication);  // detached content
+    ASSERT_TRUE(calculatedMac);
+    EXPECT_EQ(mac, calculatedMac);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        Identity, IdentityAidl,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IIdentityCredentialStore::descriptor)),
+        android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+// INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Identity, IdentityAidl,
+// testing::Values("android.hardware.identity.IIdentityCredentialStore/default"));
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::identity
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    ::android::ProcessState::self()->setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(1);
+    ::android::ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool();
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/identity/support/Android.bp b/identity/support/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b6c695
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "android.hardware.identity-support-lib",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "src/IdentityCredentialSupport.cpp",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
+        "libcrypto",
+        "libbase",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "libhardware",
+        "libkeymaster_portable",
+        "libsoft_attestation_cert",
+        "libpuresoftkeymasterdevice",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libcppbor",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "android.hardware.identity-support-lib-test",
+    srcs: [
+        "tests/IdentityCredentialSupportTest.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.identity-support-lib",
+        "libcrypto",
+        "libbase",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "libhardware",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libcppbor",
+        "libgmock",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+}
+
+// --
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "libcppbor",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    host_supported: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "src/cppbor.cpp",
+        "src/cppbor_parse.cpp",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        "include/cppbor",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "cppbor_test",
+    srcs: [
+        "tests/cppbor_test.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libcppbor",
+        "libbase",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libgmock",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+}
+
+cc_test_host {
+    name: "cppbor_host_test",
+    srcs: [
+        "tests/cppbor_test.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libcppbor",
+        "libbase",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libgmock",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+}
diff --git a/identity/support/include/android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h b/identity/support/include/android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..507e914
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/include/android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h
@@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef IDENTITY_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_UTILS_H_
+#define IDENTITY_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_UTILS_H_
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <optional>
+#include <string>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+namespace support {
+
+using ::std::optional;
+using ::std::string;
+using ::std::tuple;
+using ::std::vector;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Miscellaneous utilities.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Dumps the data in |data| to stderr. The written data will be of the following
+// form for the call hexdump("signature", data) where |data| is of size 71:
+//
+//   signature: dumping 71 bytes
+//   0000  30 45 02 21 00 ac c6 12 60 56 a2 e9 ee 16 be 14  0E.!....`V......
+//   0010  69 7f c4 00 95 8c e8 55 1f 22 de 34 0b 08 8a 3b  i......U.".4...;
+//   0020  a0 56 54 05 07 02 20 58 77 d9 8c f9 eb 41 df fd  .VT... Xw....A..
+//   0030  c1 a3 14 e0 bf b0 a2 c5 0c b6 85 8c 4a 0d f9 2b  ............J..+
+//   0040  b7 8f d2 1d 9b 11 ac                             .......
+//
+// This should only be used for debugging.
+void hexdump(const string& name, const vector<uint8_t>& data);
+
+string encodeHex(const string& str);
+
+string encodeHex(const vector<uint8_t>& data);
+
+string encodeHex(const uint8_t* data, size_t dataLen);
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> decodeHex(const string& hexEncoded);
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CBOR utilities.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Returns pretty-printed CBOR for |value|.
+//
+// Only valid CBOR should be passed to this function.
+//
+// If a byte-string is larger than |maxBStrSize| its contents will not be
+// printed, instead the value of the form "<bstr size=1099016
+// sha1=ef549cca331f73dfae2090e6a37c04c23f84b07b>" will be printed. Pass zero
+// for |maxBStrSize| to disable this.
+//
+// The |mapKeysToNotPrint| parameter specifies the name of map values
+// to not print. This is useful for unit tests.
+string cborPrettyPrint(const vector<uint8_t>& encodedCbor, size_t maxBStrSize = 32,
+                       const vector<string>& mapKeysToNotPrint = {});
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Crypto functionality / abstraction.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+constexpr size_t kAesGcmIvSize = 12;
+constexpr size_t kAesGcmTagSize = 16;
+constexpr size_t kAes128GcmKeySize = 16;
+
+// Returns |numBytes| bytes of random data.
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> getRandom(size_t numBytes);
+
+// Calculates the SHA-256 of |data|.
+vector<uint8_t> sha256(const vector<uint8_t>& data);
+
+// Decrypts |encryptedData| using |key| and |additionalAuthenticatedData|,
+// returns resulting plaintext. The format of |encryptedData| must
+// be as specified in the encryptAes128Gcm() function.
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> decryptAes128Gcm(const vector<uint8_t>& key,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& encryptedData,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& additionalAuthenticatedData);
+
+// Encrypts |data| with |key| and |additionalAuthenticatedData| using |nonce|,
+// returns the resulting (nonce || ciphertext || tag).
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> encryptAes128Gcm(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& nonce,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& additionalAuthenticatedData);
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// EC crypto functionality / abstraction (only supports P-256).
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Creates an 256-bit EC key using the NID_X9_62_prime256v1 curve, returns the
+// PKCS#8 encoded key-pair.  Also generates an attestation
+// certificate using the |challenge| and |applicationId|, and returns the generated
+// certificate in X.509 certificate chain format.
+//
+// The attestation time fields used will be the current time, and expires in one year.
+//
+// The first parameter of the return value is the keyPair generated, second return in
+// the pair is the attestation certificate generated.
+optional<std::pair<vector<uint8_t>, vector<vector<uint8_t>>>> createEcKeyPairAndAttestation(
+        const vector<uint8_t>& challenge, const vector<uint8_t>& applicationId);
+
+// Creates an 256-bit EC key using the NID_X9_62_prime256v1 curve, returns the
+// PKCS#8 encoded key-pair.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> createEcKeyPair();
+
+// For an EC key |keyPair| encoded in PKCS#8 format, extracts the public key in
+// uncompressed point form.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(const vector<uint8_t>& keyPair);
+
+// For an EC key |keyPair| encoded in PKCS#8 format, extracts the private key as
+// an EC uncompressed key.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(const vector<uint8_t>& keyPair);
+
+// For an EC key |keyPair| encoded in PKCS#8 format, creates a PKCS#12 structure
+// with the key-pair (not using a password to encrypt the data). The public key
+// in the created structure is included as a certificate, using the given fields
+// |serialDecimal|, |issuer|, |subject|, |validityNotBefore|, and
+// |validityNotAfter|.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecKeyPairGetPkcs12(const vector<uint8_t>& keyPair, const string& name,
+                                             const string& serialDecimal, const string& issuer,
+                                             const string& subject, time_t validityNotBefore,
+                                             time_t validityNotAfter);
+
+// Signs |data| with |key| (which must be in the format returned by
+// ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey()). Signature is returned and will be in DER format.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> signEcDsa(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data);
+
+// Calculates the HMAC with SHA-256 for |data| using |key|. The calculated HMAC
+// is returned and will be 32 bytes.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> hmacSha256(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data);
+
+// Checks that |signature| (in DER format) is a valid signature of |digest|,
+// made with |publicKey| (which must be in the format returned by
+// ecKeyPairGetPublicKey()).
+//
+bool checkEcDsaSignature(const vector<uint8_t>& digest, const vector<uint8_t>& signature,
+                         const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey);
+
+// Extracts the public-key from the top-most certificate in |certificateChain|
+// (which should be a concatenated chain of DER-encoded X.509 certificates).
+//
+// The returned public key will be in the same format as returned by
+// ecKeyPairGetPublicKey().
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> certificateChainGetTopMostKey(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain);
+
+// Generates a X.509 certificate for |publicKey| (which must be in the format
+// returned by ecKeyPairGetPublicKey()).
+//
+// The certificate is signed by |signingKey| (which must be in the format
+// returned by ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey())
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+        const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey, const vector<uint8_t>& signingKey,
+        const string& serialDecimal, const string& issuer, const string& subject,
+        time_t validityNotBefore, time_t validityNotAfter);
+
+// Performs Elliptic-curve Diffie-Helman using |publicKey| (which must be in the
+// format returned by ecKeyPairGetPublicKey()) and |privateKey| (which must be
+// in the format returned by ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey()).
+//
+// On success, the computed shared secret is returned.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecdh(const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey, const vector<uint8_t>& privateKey);
+
+// Key derivation function using SHA-256, conforming to RFC 5869.
+//
+// On success, the derived key is returned.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> hkdf(const vector<uint8_t>& sharedSecret, const vector<uint8_t>& salt,
+                               const vector<uint8_t>& info, size_t size);
+
+// Returns the X and Y coordinates from |publicKey| (which must be in the format
+// returned by ecKeyPairGetPublicKey()).
+//
+// Success is indicated by the first value in the returned tuple. If successful,
+// the returned coordinates will be in uncompressed form.
+//
+tuple<bool, vector<uint8_t>, vector<uint8_t>> ecPublicKeyGetXandY(const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey);
+
+// Concatenates all certificates into |certificateChain| together into a
+// single bytestring.
+//
+// This is the reverse operation of certificateChainSplit().
+vector<uint8_t> certificateChainJoin(const vector<vector<uint8_t>>& certificateChain);
+
+// Splits all the certificates in a single bytestring into individual
+// certificates.
+//
+// Returns nothing if |certificateChain| contains invalid data.
+//
+// This is the reverse operation of certificateChainJoin().
+optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> certificateChainSplit(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain);
+
+// Validates that the certificate chain is valid. In particular, checks that each
+// certificate in the chain is signed by the public key in the following certificate.
+//
+// Returns false if |certificateChain| failed validation or if each certificate
+// is not signed by its successor.
+//
+bool certificateChainValidate(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain);
+
+// Signs |data| and |detachedContent| with |key| (which must be in the format
+// returned by ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey()).
+//
+// On success, the Signature is returned and will be in COSE_Sign1 format.
+//
+// If |certificateChain| is non-empty it's included in the 'x5chain'
+// protected header element (as as described in'draft-ietf-cose-x509-04').
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSignEcDsa(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                        const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent,
+                                        const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain);
+
+// Checks that |signatureCoseSign1| (in COSE_Sign1 format) is a valid signature
+// made with |public_key| (which must be in the format returned by
+// ecKeyPairGetPublicKey()) where |detachedContent| is the detached content.
+//
+bool coseCheckEcDsaSignature(const vector<uint8_t>& signatureCoseSign1,
+                             const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent,
+                             const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey);
+
+// Extracts the payload from a COSE_Sign1.
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSignGetPayload(const vector<uint8_t>& signatureCoseSign1);
+
+// Extracts the X.509 certificate chain, if present. Returns the data as a
+// concatenated chain of DER-encoded X.509 certificates
+//
+// Returns nothing if there is no 'x5chain' element or an error occurs.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSignGetX5Chain(const vector<uint8_t>& signatureCoseSign1);
+
+// MACs |data| and |detachedContent| with |key| (which can be any sequence of
+// bytes).
+//
+// If successful, the MAC is returned and will be in COSE_Mac0 format.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseMac0(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                   const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent);
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Utility functions specific to IdentityCredential.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Returns the testing AES-128 key where all bits are set to 0.
+const vector<uint8_t>& getTestHardwareBoundKey();
+
+// Splits the given bytestring into chunks. If the given vector is smaller or equal to
+// |maxChunkSize| a vector with |content| as the only element is returned. Otherwise
+// |content| is split into N vectors each of size |maxChunkSize| except the final element
+// may be smaller than |maxChunkSize|.
+vector<vector<uint8_t>> chunkVector(const vector<uint8_t>& content, size_t maxChunkSize);
+
+}  // namespace support
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // IDENTITY_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_UTILS_H_
diff --git a/identity/support/include/cppbor/README.md b/identity/support/include/cppbor/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..723bfcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/include/cppbor/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+CppBor: A Modern C++ CBOR Parser and Generator
+==============================================
+
+CppBor provides a natural and easy-to-use syntax for constructing and
+parsing CBOR messages.  It does not (yet) support all features of
+CBOR, nor (yet) support validation against CDDL schemata, though both
+are planned.  CBOR features that aren't supported include:
+
+* Indefinite length values
+* Semantic tagging
+* Floating point
+
+CppBor requires C++-17.
+
+## CBOR representation
+
+CppBor represents CBOR data items as instances of the `Item` class or,
+more precisely, as instances of subclasses of `Item`, since `Item` is a
+pure interface.  The subclasses of `Item` correspond almost one-to-one
+with CBOR major types, and are named to match the CDDL names to which
+they correspond.  They are:
+
+* `Uint` corresponds to major type 0, and can hold unsigned integers
+  up through (2^64 - 1).
+* `Nint` corresponds to major type 1.  It can only hold values from -1
+  to -(2^63 - 1), since it's internal representation is an int64_t.
+  This can be fixed, but it seems unlikely that applications will need
+  the omitted range from -(2^63) to (2^64 - 1), since it's
+  inconvenient to represent them in many programming languages.
+* `Int` is an abstract base of `Uint` and `Nint` that facilitates
+  working with all signed integers representable with int64_t.
+* `Bstr` corresponds to major type 2, a byte string.
+* `Tstr` corresponds to major type 3, a text string.
+* `Array` corresponds to major type 4, an Array.  It holds a
+  variable-length array of `Item`s.
+* `Map` corresponds to major type 5, a Map.  It holds a
+  variable-length array of pairs of `Item`s.
+* `Simple` corresponds to major type 7.  It's an abstract class since
+  items require more specific type.
+* `Bool` is the only currently-implemented subclass of `Simple`.
+
+Note that major type 6, semantic tag, is not yet implemented.
+
+In practice, users of CppBor will rarely use most of these classes
+when generating CBOR encodings.  This is because CppBor provides
+straightforward conversions from the obvious normal C++ types.
+Specifically, the following conversions are provided in appropriate
+contexts:
+
+* Signed and unsigned integers convert to `Uint` or `Nint`, as
+  appropriate.
+* `std::string`, `std::string_view`, `const char*` and
+  `std::pair<char iterator, char iterator>` convert to `Tstr`.
+* `std::vector<uint8_t>`, `std::pair<uint8_t iterator, uint8_t
+  iterator>` and `std::pair<uint8_t*, size_t>` convert to `Bstr`.
+* `bool` converts to `Bool`.
+
+## CBOR generation
+
+### Complete tree generation
+
+The set of `encode` methods in `Item` provide the interface for
+producing encoded CBOR.  The basic process for "complete tree"
+generation (as opposed to "incremental" generation, which is discussed
+below) is to construct an `Item` which models the data to be encoded,
+and then call one of the `encode` methods, whichever is convenient for
+the encoding destination.  A trivial example:
+
+```
+cppbor::Uint val(0);
+std::vector<uint8_t> encoding = val.encode();
+```
+
+    It's relatively rare that single values are encoded as above.  More often, the
+    "root" data item will be an `Array` or `Map` which contains a more complex structure.For example
+    :
+
+``` using cppbor::Map;
+using cppbor::Array;
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> vec =  // ...
+    Map val("key1", Array(Map("key_a", 99 "key_b", vec), "foo"), "key2", true);
+std::vector<uint8_t> encoding = val.encode();
+```
+
+This creates a map with two entries, with `Tstr` keys "Outer1" and
+"Outer2", respectively.  The "Outer1" entry has as its value an
+`Array` containing a `Map` and a `Tstr`.  The "Outer2" entry has a
+`Bool` value.
+
+This example demonstrates how automatic conversion of C++ types to
+CppBor `Item` subclass instances is done.  Where the caller provides a
+C++ or C string, a `Tstr` entry is added.  Where the caller provides
+an integer literal or variable, a `Uint` or `Nint` is added, depending
+on whether the value is positive or negative.
+
+As an alternative, a more fluent-style API is provided for building up
+structures.  For example:
+
+```
+using cppbor::Map;
+using cppbor::Array;
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> vec =  // ...
+    Map val();
+val.add("key1", Array().add(Map().add("key_a", 99).add("key_b", vec)).add("foo")).add("key2", true);
+std::vector<uint8_t> encoding = val.encode();
+```
+
+    An advantage of this interface over the constructor -
+    based creation approach above is that it need not be done all at once
+        .The `add` methods return a reference to the object added to to allow calls to be chained,
+    but chaining is not necessary; calls can be made
+sequentially, as the data to add is available.
+
+#### `encode` methods
+
+There are several variations of `Item::encode`, all of which
+accomplish the same task but output the encoded data in different
+ways, and with somewhat different performance characteristics.  The
+provided options are:
+
+* `bool encode(uint8\_t** pos, const uint8\_t* end)` encodes into the
+  buffer referenced by the range [`*pos`, end).  `*pos` is moved.  If
+  the encoding runs out of buffer space before finishing, the method
+  returns false.  This is the most efficient way to encode, into an
+  already-allocated buffer.
+* `void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback)` calls `encodeCallback`
+  for each encoded byte.  It's the responsibility of the implementor
+  of the callback to behave safely in the event that the output buffer
+  (if applicable) is exhausted.  This is less efficient than the prior
+  method because it imposes an additional function call for each byte.
+* `template </*...*/> void encode(OutputIterator i)`
+  encodes into the provided iterator.  SFINAE ensures that the
+  template doesn't match for non-iterators.  The implementation
+  actually uses the callback-based method, plus has whatever overhead
+  the iterator adds.
+* `std::vector<uint8_t> encode()` creates a new std::vector, reserves
+  sufficient capacity to hold the encoding, and inserts the encoded
+  bytes with a std::pushback_iterator and the previous method.
+* `std::string toString()` does the same as the previous method, but
+  returns a string instead of a vector.
+
+### Incremental generation
+
+Incremental generation requires deeper understanding of CBOR, because
+the library can't do as much to ensure that the output is valid.  The
+basic tool for intcremental generation is the `encodeHeader`
+function.  There are two variations, one which writes into a buffer,
+and one which uses a callback.  Both simply write out the bytes of a
+header.  To construct the same map as in the above examples,
+incrementally, one might write:
+
+```
+using namespace cppbor;  // For example brevity
+
+std::vector encoding;
+auto iter = std::back_inserter(result);
+encodeHeader(MAP, 2 /* # of map entries */, iter);
+std::string s = "key1";
+encodeHeader(TSTR, s.size(), iter);
+std::copy(s.begin(), s.end(), iter);
+encodeHeader(ARRAY, 2 /* # of array entries */, iter);
+Map().add("key_a", 99).add("key_b", vec).encode(iter)
+s = "foo";
+encodeHeader(TSTR, foo.size(), iter);
+std::copy(s.begin(), s.end(), iter);
+s = "key2";
+encodeHeader(TSTR, foo.size(), iter);
+std::copy(s.begin(), s.end(), iter);
+encodeHeader(SIMPLE, TRUE, iter);
+```
+
+As the above example demonstrates, the styles can be mixed -- Note the
+creation and encoding of the inner Map using the fluent style.
+
+## Parsing
+
+CppBor also supports parsing of encoded CBOR data, with the same
+feature set as encoding.  There are two basic approaches to parsing,
+"full" and "stream"
+
+### Full parsing
+
+Full parsing means completely parsing a (possibly-compound) data
+item from a byte buffer.  The `parse` functions that do not take a
+`ParseClient` pointer do this.  They return a `ParseResult` which is a
+tuple of three values:
+
+* std::unique_ptr<Item> that points to the parsed item, or is nullptr
+  if there was a parse error.
+* const uint8_t* that points to the byte after the end of the decoded
+  item, or to the first unparseable byte in the event of an error.
+* std::string that is empty on success or contains an error message if
+  a parse error occurred.
+
+Assuming a successful parse, you can then use `Item::type()` to
+discover the type of the parsed item (e.g. MAP), and then use the
+appropriate `Item::as*()` method (e.g. `Item::asMap()`) to get a
+pointer to an interface which allows you to retrieve specific values.
+
+### Stream parsing
+
+Stream parsing is more complex, but more flexible.  To use
+StreamParsing, you must create your own subclass of `ParseClient` and
+call one of the `parse` functions that accepts it.  See the
+`ParseClient` methods docstrings for details.
+
+One unusual feature of stream parsing is that the `ParseClient`
+callback methods not only provide the parsed Item, but also pointers
+to the portion of the buffer that encode that Item.  This is useful
+if, for example, you want to find an element inside of a structure,
+and then copy the encoding of that sub-structure, without bothering to
+parse the rest.
+
+The full parser is implemented with the stream parser.
diff --git a/identity/support/include/cppbor/cppbor.h b/identity/support/include/cppbor/cppbor.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a755db1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/include/cppbor/cppbor.h
@@ -0,0 +1,827 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <functional>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <memory>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace cppbor {
+
+enum MajorType : uint8_t {
+    UINT = 0 << 5,
+    NINT = 1 << 5,
+    BSTR = 2 << 5,
+    TSTR = 3 << 5,
+    ARRAY = 4 << 5,
+    MAP = 5 << 5,
+    SEMANTIC = 6 << 5,
+    SIMPLE = 7 << 5,
+};
+
+enum SimpleType {
+    BOOLEAN,
+    NULL_T,  // Only two supported, as yet.
+};
+
+enum SpecialAddlInfoValues : uint8_t {
+    FALSE = 20,
+    TRUE = 21,
+    NULL_V = 22,
+    ONE_BYTE_LENGTH = 24,
+    TWO_BYTE_LENGTH = 25,
+    FOUR_BYTE_LENGTH = 26,
+    EIGHT_BYTE_LENGTH = 27,
+};
+
+class Item;
+class Uint;
+class Nint;
+class Int;
+class Tstr;
+class Bstr;
+class Simple;
+class Bool;
+class Array;
+class Map;
+class Null;
+class Semantic;
+
+/**
+ * Returns the size of a CBOR header that contains the additional info value addlInfo.
+ */
+size_t headerSize(uint64_t addlInfo);
+
+/**
+ * Encodes a CBOR header with the specified type and additional info into the range [pos, end).
+ * Returns a pointer to one past the last byte written, or nullptr if there isn't sufficient space
+ * to write the header.
+ */
+uint8_t* encodeHeader(MajorType type, uint64_t addlInfo, uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end);
+
+using EncodeCallback = std::function<void(uint8_t)>;
+
+/**
+ * Encodes a CBOR header with the specified type and additional info, passing each byte in turn to
+ * encodeCallback.
+ */
+void encodeHeader(MajorType type, uint64_t addlInfo, EncodeCallback encodeCallback);
+
+/**
+ * Encodes a CBOR header with the specified type and additional info, writing each byte to the
+ * provided OutputIterator.
+ */
+template <typename OutputIterator,
+          typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_base_of_v<
+                  std::output_iterator_tag,
+                  typename std::iterator_traits<OutputIterator>::iterator_category>>>
+void encodeHeader(MajorType type, uint64_t addlInfo, OutputIterator iter) {
+    return encodeHeader(type, addlInfo, [&](uint8_t v) { *iter++ = v; });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Item represents a CBOR-encodeable data item.  Item is an abstract interface with a set of virtual
+ * methods that allow encoding of the item or conversion to the appropriate derived type.
+ */
+class Item {
+  public:
+    virtual ~Item() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the CBOR type of the item.
+     */
+    virtual MajorType type() const = 0;
+
+    // These methods safely downcast an Item to the appropriate subclass.
+    virtual const Int* asInt() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Uint* asUint() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Nint* asNint() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Tstr* asTstr() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Bstr* asBstr() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Simple* asSimple() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Map* asMap() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Array* asArray() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Semantic* asSemantic() const { return nullptr; }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if this is a "compound" item, i.e. one that contains one or more other items.
+     */
+    virtual bool isCompound() const { return false; }
+
+    bool operator==(const Item& other) const&;
+    bool operator!=(const Item& other) const& { return !(*this == other); }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the number of bytes required to encode this Item into CBOR.  Note that if this is a
+     * complex Item, calling this method will require walking the whole tree.
+     */
+    virtual size_t encodedSize() const = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the Item into buffer referenced by range [*pos, end).  Returns a pointer to one past
+     * the last position written.  Returns nullptr if there isn't enough space to encode.
+     */
+    virtual uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the Item by passing each encoded byte to encodeCallback.
+     */
+    virtual void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Clones the Item
+     */
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the Item into the provided OutputIterator.
+     */
+    template <typename OutputIterator,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<OutputIterator>::iterator_category>
+    void encode(OutputIterator i) const {
+        return encode([&](uint8_t v) { *i++ = v; });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the Item into a new std::vector<uint8_t>.
+     */
+    std::vector<uint8_t> encode() const {
+        std::vector<uint8_t> retval;
+        retval.reserve(encodedSize());
+        encode(std::back_inserter(retval));
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the Item into a new std::string.
+     */
+    std::string toString() const {
+        std::string retval;
+        retval.reserve(encodedSize());
+        encode([&](uint8_t v) { retval.push_back(v); });
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes only the header of the Item.
+     */
+    inline uint8_t* encodeHeader(uint64_t addlInfo, uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const {
+        return ::cppbor::encodeHeader(type(), addlInfo, pos, end);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes only the header of the Item.
+     */
+    inline void encodeHeader(uint64_t addlInfo, EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const {
+        ::cppbor::encodeHeader(type(), addlInfo, encodeCallback);
+    }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Int is an abstraction that allows Uint and Nint objects to be manipulated without caring about
+ * the sign.
+ */
+class Int : public Item {
+  public:
+    bool operator==(const Int& other) const& { return value() == other.value(); }
+
+    virtual int64_t value() const = 0;
+
+    const Int* asInt() const override { return this; }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Uint is a concrete Item that implements CBOR major type 0.
+ */
+class Uint : public Int {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = UINT;
+
+    explicit Uint(uint64_t v) : mValue(v) {}
+
+    bool operator==(const Uint& other) const& { return mValue == other.mValue; }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Uint* asUint() const override { return this; }
+
+    size_t encodedSize() const override { return headerSize(mValue); }
+
+    int64_t value() const override { return mValue; }
+    uint64_t unsignedValue() const { return mValue; }
+
+    using Item::encode;
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override {
+        return encodeHeader(mValue, pos, end);
+    }
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override {
+        encodeHeader(mValue, encodeCallback);
+    }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Uint>(mValue); }
+
+  private:
+    uint64_t mValue;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Nint is a concrete Item that implements CBOR major type 1.
+
+ * Note that it is incapable of expressing the full range of major type 1 values, becaue it can only
+ * express values that fall into the range [std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min(), -1].  It cannot
+ * express values in the range [std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min() - 1,
+ * -std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()].
+ */
+class Nint : public Int {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = NINT;
+
+    explicit Nint(int64_t v);
+
+    bool operator==(const Nint& other) const& { return mValue == other.mValue; }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Nint* asNint() const override { return this; }
+    size_t encodedSize() const override { return headerSize(addlInfo()); }
+
+    int64_t value() const override { return mValue; }
+
+    using Item::encode;
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override {
+        return encodeHeader(addlInfo(), pos, end);
+    }
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override {
+        encodeHeader(addlInfo(), encodeCallback);
+    }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Nint>(mValue); }
+
+  private:
+    uint64_t addlInfo() const { return -1ll - mValue; }
+
+    int64_t mValue;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Bstr is a concrete Item that implements major type 2.
+ */
+class Bstr : public Item {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = BSTR;
+
+    // Construct from a vector
+    explicit Bstr(std::vector<uint8_t> v) : mValue(std::move(v)) {}
+
+    // Construct from a string
+    explicit Bstr(const std::string& v)
+        : mValue(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(v.data()),
+                 reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(v.data()) + v.size()) {}
+
+    // Construct from a pointer/size pair
+    explicit Bstr(const std::pair<const uint8_t*, size_t>& buf)
+        : mValue(buf.first, buf.first + buf.second) {}
+
+    // Construct from a pair of iterators
+    template <typename I1, typename I2,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I1>::iterator_category,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I2>::iterator_category>
+    explicit Bstr(const std::pair<I1, I2>& pair) : mValue(pair.first, pair.second) {}
+
+    // Construct from an iterator range.
+    template <typename I1, typename I2,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I1>::iterator_category,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I2>::iterator_category>
+    Bstr(I1 begin, I2 end) : mValue(begin, end) {}
+
+    bool operator==(const Bstr& other) const& { return mValue == other.mValue; }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Bstr* asBstr() const override { return this; }
+    size_t encodedSize() const override { return headerSize(mValue.size()) + mValue.size(); }
+    using Item::encode;
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override;
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override {
+        encodeHeader(mValue.size(), encodeCallback);
+        encodeValue(encodeCallback);
+    }
+
+    const std::vector<uint8_t>& value() const { return mValue; }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Bstr>(mValue); }
+
+  private:
+    void encodeValue(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const;
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> mValue;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Bstr is a concrete Item that implements major type 3.
+ */
+class Tstr : public Item {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = TSTR;
+
+    // Construct from a string
+    explicit Tstr(std::string v) : mValue(std::move(v)) {}
+
+    // Construct from a string_view
+    explicit Tstr(const std::string_view& v) : mValue(v) {}
+
+    // Construct from a C string
+    explicit Tstr(const char* v) : mValue(std::string(v)) {}
+
+    // Construct from a pair of iterators
+    template <typename I1, typename I2,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I1>::iterator_category,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I2>::iterator_category>
+    explicit Tstr(const std::pair<I1, I2>& pair) : mValue(pair.first, pair.second) {}
+
+    // Construct from an iterator range
+    template <typename I1, typename I2,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I1>::iterator_category,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I2>::iterator_category>
+    Tstr(I1 begin, I2 end) : mValue(begin, end) {}
+
+    bool operator==(const Tstr& other) const& { return mValue == other.mValue; }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Tstr* asTstr() const override { return this; }
+    size_t encodedSize() const override { return headerSize(mValue.size()) + mValue.size(); }
+    using Item::encode;
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override;
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override {
+        encodeHeader(mValue.size(), encodeCallback);
+        encodeValue(encodeCallback);
+    }
+
+    const std::string& value() const { return mValue; }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Tstr>(mValue); }
+
+  private:
+    void encodeValue(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const;
+
+    std::string mValue;
+};
+
+/**
+ * CompoundItem is an abstract Item that provides common functionality for Items that contain other
+ * items, i.e. Arrays (CBOR type 4) and Maps (CBOR type 5).
+ */
+class CompoundItem : public Item {
+  public:
+    bool operator==(const CompoundItem& other) const&;
+
+    virtual size_t size() const { return mEntries.size(); }
+
+    bool isCompound() const override { return true; }
+
+    size_t encodedSize() const override {
+        return std::accumulate(mEntries.begin(), mEntries.end(), headerSize(size()),
+                               [](size_t sum, auto& entry) { return sum + entry->encodedSize(); });
+    }
+
+    using Item::encode;  // Make base versions visible.
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override;
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override;
+
+    virtual uint64_t addlInfo() const = 0;
+
+  protected:
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Item>> mEntries;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Array is a concrete Item that implements CBOR major type 4.
+ *
+ * Note that Arrays are not copyable.  This is because copying them is expensive and making them
+ * move-only ensures that they're never copied accidentally.  If you actually want to copy an Array,
+ * use the clone() method.
+ */
+class Array : public CompoundItem {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = ARRAY;
+
+    Array() = default;
+    Array(const Array& other) = delete;
+    Array(Array&&) = default;
+    Array& operator=(const Array&) = delete;
+    Array& operator=(Array&&) = default;
+
+    /**
+     * Construct an Array from a variable number of arguments of different types.  See
+     * details::makeItem below for details on what types may be provided.  In general, this accepts
+     * all of the types you'd expect and doest the things you'd expect (integral values are addes as
+     * Uint or Nint, std::string and char* are added as Tstr, bools are added as Bool, etc.).
+     */
+    template <typename... Args, typename Enable>
+    Array(Args&&... args);
+
+    /**
+     * Append a single element to the Array, of any compatible type.
+     */
+    template <typename T>
+    Array& add(T&& v) &;
+    template <typename T>
+    Array&& add(T&& v) &&;
+
+    const std::unique_ptr<Item>& operator[](size_t index) const { return mEntries[index]; }
+    std::unique_ptr<Item>& operator[](size_t index) { return mEntries[index]; }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Array* asArray() const override { return this; }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override;
+
+    uint64_t addlInfo() const override { return size(); }
+};
+
+/*
+ * Map is a concrete Item that implements CBOR major type 5.
+ *
+ * Note that Maps are not copyable.  This is because copying them is expensive and making them
+ * move-only ensures that they're never copied accidentally.  If you actually want to copy a
+ * Map, use the clone() method.
+ */
+class Map : public CompoundItem {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = MAP;
+
+    Map() = default;
+    Map(const Map& other) = delete;
+    Map(Map&&) = default;
+    Map& operator=(const Map& other) = delete;
+    Map& operator=(Map&&) = default;
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a Map from a variable number of arguments of different types.  An even number of
+     * arguments must be provided (this is verified statically). See details::makeItem below for
+     * details on what types may be provided.  In general, this accepts all of the types you'd
+     * expect and doest the things you'd expect (integral values are addes as Uint or Nint,
+     * std::string and char* are added as Tstr, bools are added as Bool, etc.).
+     */
+    template <typename... Args, typename Enable>
+    Map(Args&&... args);
+
+    /**
+     * Append a key/value pair to the Map, of any compatible types.
+     */
+    template <typename Key, typename Value>
+    Map& add(Key&& key, Value&& value) &;
+    template <typename Key, typename Value>
+    Map&& add(Key&& key, Value&& value) &&;
+
+    size_t size() const override {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return mEntries.size() / 2;
+    }
+
+    template <typename Key, typename Enable>
+    std::pair<std::unique_ptr<Item>&, bool> get(Key key);
+
+    std::pair<const std::unique_ptr<Item>&, const std::unique_ptr<Item>&> operator[](
+            size_t index) const {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return {mEntries[index * 2], mEntries[index * 2 + 1]};
+    }
+
+    std::pair<std::unique_ptr<Item>&, std::unique_ptr<Item>&> operator[](size_t index) {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return {mEntries[index * 2], mEntries[index * 2 + 1]};
+    }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Map* asMap() const override { return this; }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override;
+
+    uint64_t addlInfo() const override { return size(); }
+
+  private:
+    void assertInvariant() const;
+};
+
+class Semantic : public CompoundItem {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = SEMANTIC;
+
+    template <typename T>
+    explicit Semantic(uint64_t value, T&& child);
+
+    Semantic(const Semantic& other) = delete;
+    Semantic(Semantic&&) = default;
+    Semantic& operator=(const Semantic& other) = delete;
+    Semantic& operator=(Semantic&&) = default;
+
+    size_t size() const override {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    size_t encodedSize() const override {
+        return std::accumulate(mEntries.begin(), mEntries.end(), headerSize(mValue),
+                               [](size_t sum, auto& entry) { return sum + entry->encodedSize(); });
+    }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Semantic* asSemantic() const override { return this; }
+
+    const std::unique_ptr<Item>& child() const {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return mEntries[0];
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<Item>& child() {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return mEntries[0];
+    }
+
+    uint64_t value() const { return mValue; }
+
+    uint64_t addlInfo() const override { return value(); }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return std::make_unique<Semantic>(mValue, mEntries[0]->clone());
+    }
+
+  protected:
+    Semantic() = default;
+    Semantic(uint64_t value) : mValue(value) {}
+    uint64_t mValue;
+
+  private:
+    void assertInvariant() const;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Simple is abstract Item that implements CBOR major type 7.  It is intended to be subclassed to
+ * create concrete Simple types.  At present only Bool is provided.
+ */
+class Simple : public Item {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = SIMPLE;
+
+    bool operator==(const Simple& other) const&;
+
+    virtual SimpleType simpleType() const = 0;
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+
+    const Simple* asSimple() const override { return this; }
+
+    virtual const Bool* asBool() const { return nullptr; };
+    virtual const Null* asNull() const { return nullptr; };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Bool is a concrete type that implements CBOR major type 7, with additional item values for TRUE
+ * and FALSE.
+ */
+class Bool : public Simple {
+  public:
+    static constexpr SimpleType kSimpleType = BOOLEAN;
+
+    explicit Bool(bool v) : mValue(v) {}
+
+    bool operator==(const Bool& other) const& { return mValue == other.mValue; }
+
+    SimpleType simpleType() const override { return kSimpleType; }
+    const Bool* asBool() const override { return this; }
+
+    size_t encodedSize() const override { return 1; }
+
+    using Item::encode;
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override {
+        return encodeHeader(mValue ? TRUE : FALSE, pos, end);
+    }
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override {
+        encodeHeader(mValue ? TRUE : FALSE, encodeCallback);
+    }
+
+    bool value() const { return mValue; }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Bool>(mValue); }
+
+  private:
+    bool mValue;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Null is a concrete type that implements CBOR major type 7, with additional item value for NULL
+ */
+class Null : public Simple {
+  public:
+    static constexpr SimpleType kSimpleType = NULL_T;
+
+    explicit Null() {}
+
+    SimpleType simpleType() const override { return kSimpleType; }
+    const Null* asNull() const override { return this; }
+
+    size_t encodedSize() const override { return 1; }
+
+    using Item::encode;
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override {
+        return encodeHeader(NULL_V, pos, end);
+    }
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override {
+        encodeHeader(NULL_V, encodeCallback);
+    }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Null>(); }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+std::unique_ptr<T> downcastItem(std::unique_ptr<Item>&& v) {
+    static_assert(std::is_base_of_v<Item, T> && !std::is_abstract_v<T>,
+                  "returned type is not an Item or is an abstract class");
+    if (v && T::kMajorType == v->type()) {
+        if constexpr (std::is_base_of_v<Simple, T>) {
+            if (T::kSimpleType != v->asSimple()->simpleType()) {
+                return nullptr;
+            }
+        }
+        return std::unique_ptr<T>(static_cast<T*>(v.release()));
+    } else {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Details. Mostly you shouldn't have to look below, except perhaps at the docstring for makeItem.
+ */
+namespace details {
+
+template <typename T, typename V, typename Enable = void>
+struct is_iterator_pair_over : public std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename I1, typename I2, typename V>
+struct is_iterator_pair_over<
+        std::pair<I1, I2>, V,
+        typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_same_v<V, typename std::iterator_traits<I1>::value_type>>>
+    : public std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename T, typename V, typename Enable = void>
+struct is_unique_ptr_of_subclass_of_v : public std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T, typename P>
+struct is_unique_ptr_of_subclass_of_v<T, std::unique_ptr<P>,
+                                      typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_base_of_v<T, P>>>
+    : public std::true_type {};
+
+/* check if type is one of std::string (1), std::string_view (2), null-terminated char* (3) or pair
+ *     of iterators (4)*/
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct is_text_type_v : public std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct is_text_type_v<
+        T, typename std::enable_if_t<
+                   /* case 1 */  //
+                   std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<T>>, std::string>
+                   /* case 2 */  //
+                   || std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<T>>, std::string_view>
+                   /* case 3 */                                                 //
+                   || std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::decay_t<T>>, char*>  //
+                   || std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::decay_t<T>>, const char*>
+                   /* case 4 */
+                   || details::is_iterator_pair_over<T, char>::value>> : public std::true_type {};
+
+/**
+ * Construct a unique_ptr<Item> from many argument types. Accepts:
+ *
+ * (a) booleans;
+ * (b) integers, all sizes and signs;
+ * (c) text strings, as defined by is_text_type_v above;
+ * (d) byte strings, as std::vector<uint8_t>(d1), pair of iterators (d2) or pair<uint8_t*, size_T>
+ *     (d3); and
+ * (e) Item subclass instances, including Array and Map.  Items may be provided by naked pointer
+ *     (e1), unique_ptr (e2), reference (e3) or value (e3).  If provided by reference or value, will
+ *     be moved if possible.  If provided by pointer, ownership is taken.
+ * (f) null pointer;
+ */
+template <typename T>
+std::unique_ptr<Item> makeItem(T v) {
+    Item* p = nullptr;
+    if constexpr (/* case a */ std::is_same_v<T, bool>) {
+        p = new Bool(v);
+    } else if constexpr (/* case b */ std::is_integral_v<T>) {  // b
+        if (v < 0) {
+            p = new Nint(v);
+        } else {
+            p = new Uint(static_cast<uint64_t>(v));
+        }
+    } else if constexpr (/* case c */  //
+                         details::is_text_type_v<T>::value) {
+        p = new Tstr(v);
+    } else if constexpr (/* case d1 */  //
+                         std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<T>>,
+                                        std::vector<uint8_t>>
+                         /* case d2 */  //
+                         || details::is_iterator_pair_over<T, uint8_t>::value
+                         /* case d3 */  //
+                         || std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<T>>,
+                                           std::pair<uint8_t*, size_t>>) {
+        p = new Bstr(v);
+    } else if constexpr (/* case e1 */  //
+                         std::is_pointer_v<T> &&
+                         std::is_base_of_v<Item, std::remove_pointer_t<T>>) {
+        p = v;
+    } else if constexpr (/* case e2 */  //
+                         details::is_unique_ptr_of_subclass_of_v<Item, T>::value) {
+        p = v.release();
+    } else if constexpr (/* case e3 */  //
+                         std::is_base_of_v<Item, T>) {
+        p = new T(std::move(v));
+    } else if constexpr (/* case f */ std::is_null_pointer_v<T>) {
+        p = new Null();
+    } else {
+        // It's odd that this can't be static_assert(false), since it shouldn't be evaluated if one
+        // of the above ifs matches.  But static_assert(false) always triggers.
+        static_assert(std::is_same_v<T, bool>, "makeItem called with unsupported type");
+    }
+    return std::unique_ptr<Item>(p);
+}
+
+}  // namespace details
+
+template <typename... Args,
+          /* Prevent use as copy ctor */ typename = std::enable_if_t<
+                  (sizeof...(Args)) != 1 ||
+                  !(std::is_same_v<Array, std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<Args>>> || ...)>>
+Array::Array(Args&&... args) {
+    mEntries.reserve(sizeof...(args));
+    (mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<Args>(args))), ...);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+Array& Array::add(T&& v) & {
+    mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<T>(v)));
+    return *this;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+Array&& Array::add(T&& v) && {
+    mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<T>(v)));
+    return std::move(*this);
+}
+
+template <typename... Args,
+          /* Prevent use as copy ctor */ typename = std::enable_if_t<(sizeof...(Args)) != 1>>
+Map::Map(Args&&... args) {
+    static_assert((sizeof...(Args)) % 2 == 0, "Map must have an even number of entries");
+    mEntries.reserve(sizeof...(args));
+    (mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<Args>(args))), ...);
+}
+
+template <typename Key, typename Value>
+Map& Map::add(Key&& key, Value&& value) & {
+    mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<Key>(key)));
+    mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<Value>(value)));
+    return *this;
+}
+
+template <typename Key, typename Value>
+Map&& Map::add(Key&& key, Value&& value) && {
+    this->add(std::forward<Key>(key), std::forward<Value>(value));
+    return std::move(*this);
+}
+
+template <typename Key, typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_integral_v<Key> ||
+                                                    details::is_text_type_v<Key>::value>>
+std::pair<std::unique_ptr<Item>&, bool> Map::get(Key key) {
+    assertInvariant();
+    auto keyItem = details::makeItem(key);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mEntries.size(); i += 2) {
+        if (*keyItem == *mEntries[i]) {
+            return {mEntries[i + 1], true};
+        }
+    }
+    return {keyItem, false};
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+Semantic::Semantic(uint64_t value, T&& child) : mValue(value) {
+    mEntries.reserve(1);
+    mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<T>(child)));
+}
+
+}  // namespace cppbor
diff --git a/identity/support/include/cppbor/cppbor_parse.h b/identity/support/include/cppbor/cppbor_parse.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66cd5a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/include/cppbor/cppbor_parse.h
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "cppbor.h"
+
+namespace cppbor {
+
+using ParseResult = std::tuple<std::unique_ptr<Item> /* result */, const uint8_t* /* newPos */,
+                               std::string /* errMsg */>;
+
+/**
+ * Parse the first CBOR data item (possibly compound) from the range [begin, end).
+ *
+ * Returns a tuple of Item pointer, buffer pointer and error message.  If parsing is successful, the
+ * Item pointer is non-null, the buffer pointer points to the first byte after the
+ * successfully-parsed item and the error message string is empty.  If parsing fails, the Item
+ * pointer is null, the buffer pointer points to the first byte that was unparseable (the first byte
+ * of a data item header that is malformed in some way, e.g. an invalid value, or a length that is
+ * too large for the remining buffer, etc.) and the string contains an error message describing the
+ * problem encountered.
+ */
+ParseResult parse(const uint8_t* begin, const uint8_t* end);
+
+/**
+ * Parse the first CBOR data item (possibly compound) from the byte vector.
+ *
+ * Returns a tuple of Item pointer, buffer pointer and error message.  If parsing is successful, the
+ * Item pointer is non-null, the buffer pointer points to the first byte after the
+ * successfully-parsed item and the error message string is empty.  If parsing fails, the Item
+ * pointer is null, the buffer pointer points to the first byte that was unparseable (the first byte
+ * of a data item header that is malformed in some way, e.g. an invalid value, or a length that is
+ * too large for the remining buffer, etc.) and the string contains an error message describing the
+ * problem encountered.
+ */
+inline ParseResult parse(const std::vector<uint8_t>& encoding) {
+    return parse(encoding.data(), encoding.data() + encoding.size());
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parse the first CBOR data item (possibly compound) from the range [begin, begin + size).
+ *
+ * Returns a tuple of Item pointer, buffer pointer and error message.  If parsing is successful, the
+ * Item pointer is non-null, the buffer pointer points to the first byte after the
+ * successfully-parsed item and the error message string is empty.  If parsing fails, the Item
+ * pointer is null, the buffer pointer points to the first byte that was unparseable (the first byte
+ * of a data item header that is malformed in some way, e.g. an invalid value, or a length that is
+ * too large for the remining buffer, etc.) and the string contains an error message describing the
+ * problem encountered.
+ */
+inline ParseResult parse(const uint8_t* begin, size_t size) {
+    return parse(begin, begin + size);
+}
+
+class ParseClient;
+
+/**
+ * Parse the CBOR data in the range [begin, end) in streaming fashion, calling methods on the
+ * provided ParseClient when elements are found.
+ */
+void parse(const uint8_t* begin, const uint8_t* end, ParseClient* parseClient);
+
+/**
+ * Parse the CBOR data in the vector in streaming fashion, calling methods on the
+ * provided ParseClient when elements are found.
+ */
+inline void parse(const std::vector<uint8_t>& encoding, ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    return parse(encoding.data(), encoding.data() + encoding.size(), parseClient);
+}
+
+/**
+ * A pure interface that callers of the streaming parse functions must implement.
+ */
+class ParseClient {
+  public:
+    virtual ~ParseClient() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Called when an item is found.  The Item pointer points to the found item; use type() and
+     * the appropriate as*() method to examine the value.  hdrBegin points to the first byte of the
+     * header, valueBegin points to the first byte of the value and end points one past the end of
+     * the item.  In the case of header-only items, such as integers, and compound items (ARRAY,
+     * MAP or SEMANTIC) whose end has not yet been found, valueBegin and end are equal and point to
+     * the byte past the header.
+     *
+     * Note that for compound types (ARRAY, MAP, and SEMANTIC), the Item will have no content.  For
+     * Map and Array items, the size() method will return a correct value, but the index operators
+     * are unsafe, and the object cannot be safely compared with another Array/Map.
+     *
+     * The method returns a ParseClient*.  In most cases "return this;" will be the right answer,
+     * but a different ParseClient may be returned, which the parser will begin using. If the method
+     * returns nullptr, parsing will be aborted immediately.
+     */
+    virtual ParseClient* item(std::unique_ptr<Item>& item, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                              const uint8_t* valueBegin, const uint8_t* end) = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Called when the end of a compound item (MAP or ARRAY) is found.  The item argument will be
+     * the same one passed to the item() call -- and may be empty if item() moved its value out.
+     * hdrBegin, valueBegin and end point to the beginning of the item header, the beginning of the
+     * first contained value, and one past the end of the last contained value, respectively.
+     *
+     * Note that the Item will have no content.
+     *
+     * As with item(), itemEnd() can change the ParseClient by returning a different one, or end the
+     * parsing by returning nullptr;
+     */
+    virtual ParseClient* itemEnd(std::unique_ptr<Item>& item, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                 const uint8_t* valueBegin, const uint8_t* end) = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Called when parsing encounters an error.  position is set to the first unparsed byte (one
+     * past the last successfully-parsed byte) and errorMessage contains an message explaining what
+     * sort of error occurred.
+     */
+    virtual void error(const uint8_t* position, const std::string& errorMessage) = 0;
+};
+
+}  // namespace cppbor
diff --git a/identity/support/src/IdentityCredentialSupport.cpp b/identity/support/src/IdentityCredentialSupport.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bf6a5c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/src/IdentityCredentialSupport.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1863 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "IdentityCredentialSupport"
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 199309L
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <iomanip>
+
+#include <openssl/aes.h>
+#include <openssl/bn.h>
+#include <openssl/crypto.h>
+#include <openssl/ec.h>
+#include <openssl/err.h>
+#include <openssl/evp.h>
+#include <openssl/hkdf.h>
+#include <openssl/hmac.h>
+#include <openssl/objects.h>
+#include <openssl/pem.h>
+#include <openssl/pkcs12.h>
+#include <openssl/rand.h>
+#include <openssl/x509.h>
+#include <openssl/x509_vfy.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+
+#include <cppbor.h>
+#include <cppbor_parse.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.0/types.h>
+#include <keymaster/authorization_set.h>
+#include <keymaster/contexts/pure_soft_keymaster_context.h>
+#include <keymaster/contexts/soft_attestation_cert.h>
+#include <keymaster/keymaster_tags.h>
+#include <keymaster/km_openssl/attestation_utils.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+namespace support {
+
+using ::std::pair;
+using ::std::unique_ptr;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Miscellaneous utilities.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+void hexdump(const string& name, const vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: dumping %zd bytes\n", name.c_str(), data.size());
+    size_t n, m, o;
+    for (n = 0; n < data.size(); n += 16) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "%04zx  ", n);
+        for (m = 0; m < 16 && n + m < data.size(); m++) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "%02x ", data[n + m]);
+        }
+        for (o = m; o < 16; o++) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "   ");
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, " ");
+        for (m = 0; m < 16 && n + m < data.size(); m++) {
+            int c = data[n + m];
+            fprintf(stderr, "%c", isprint(c) ? c : '.');
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+    }
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+}
+
+string encodeHex(const uint8_t* data, size_t dataLen) {
+    static const char hexDigits[16] = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7',
+                                       '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
+
+    string ret;
+    ret.resize(dataLen * 2);
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < dataLen; n++) {
+        uint8_t byte = data[n];
+        ret[n * 2 + 0] = hexDigits[byte >> 4];
+        ret[n * 2 + 1] = hexDigits[byte & 0x0f];
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+string encodeHex(const string& str) {
+    return encodeHex(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(str.data()), str.size());
+}
+
+string encodeHex(const vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+    return encodeHex(data.data(), data.size());
+}
+
+// Returns -1 on error, otherwise an integer in the range 0 through 15, both inclusive.
+int parseHexDigit(char hexDigit) {
+    if (hexDigit >= '0' && hexDigit <= '9') {
+        return int(hexDigit) - '0';
+    } else if (hexDigit >= 'a' && hexDigit <= 'f') {
+        return int(hexDigit) - 'a' + 10;
+    } else if (hexDigit >= 'A' && hexDigit <= 'F') {
+        return int(hexDigit) - 'A' + 10;
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> decodeHex(const string& hexEncoded) {
+    vector<uint8_t> out;
+    size_t hexSize = hexEncoded.size();
+    if ((hexSize & 1) != 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Size of data cannot be odd";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    out.resize(hexSize / 2);
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < hexSize / 2; n++) {
+        int upperNibble = parseHexDigit(hexEncoded[n * 2]);
+        int lowerNibble = parseHexDigit(hexEncoded[n * 2 + 1]);
+        if (upperNibble == -1 || lowerNibble == -1) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid hex digit at position " << n;
+            return {};
+        }
+        out[n] = (upperNibble << 4) + lowerNibble;
+    }
+
+    return out;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CBOR utilities.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+static bool cborAreAllElementsNonCompound(const cppbor::CompoundItem* compoundItem) {
+    if (compoundItem->type() == cppbor::ARRAY) {
+        const cppbor::Array* array = compoundItem->asArray();
+        for (size_t n = 0; n < array->size(); n++) {
+            const cppbor::Item* entry = (*array)[n].get();
+            switch (entry->type()) {
+                case cppbor::ARRAY:
+                case cppbor::MAP:
+                    return false;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        const cppbor::Map* map = compoundItem->asMap();
+        for (size_t n = 0; n < map->size(); n++) {
+            auto [keyEntry, valueEntry] = (*map)[n];
+            switch (keyEntry->type()) {
+                case cppbor::ARRAY:
+                case cppbor::MAP:
+                    return false;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+            switch (valueEntry->type()) {
+                case cppbor::ARRAY:
+                case cppbor::MAP:
+                    return false;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool cborPrettyPrintInternal(const cppbor::Item* item, string& out, size_t indent,
+                                    size_t maxBStrSize, const vector<string>& mapKeysToNotPrint) {
+    char buf[80];
+
+    string indentString(indent, ' ');
+
+    switch (item->type()) {
+        case cppbor::UINT:
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%" PRIu64, item->asUint()->unsignedValue());
+            out.append(buf);
+            break;
+
+        case cppbor::NINT:
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%" PRId64, item->asNint()->value());
+            out.append(buf);
+            break;
+
+        case cppbor::BSTR: {
+            const cppbor::Bstr* bstr = item->asBstr();
+            const vector<uint8_t>& value = bstr->value();
+            if (value.size() > maxBStrSize) {
+                unsigned char digest[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH];
+                SHA_CTX ctx;
+                SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+                SHA1_Update(&ctx, value.data(), value.size());
+                SHA1_Final(digest, &ctx);
+                char buf2[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH * 2 + 1];
+                for (size_t n = 0; n < SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH; n++) {
+                    snprintf(buf2 + n * 2, 3, "%02x", digest[n]);
+                }
+                snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "<bstr size=%zd sha1=%s>", value.size(), buf2);
+                out.append(buf);
+            } else {
+                out.append("{");
+                for (size_t n = 0; n < value.size(); n++) {
+                    if (n > 0) {
+                        out.append(", ");
+                    }
+                    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "0x%02x", value[n]);
+                    out.append(buf);
+                }
+                out.append("}");
+            }
+        } break;
+
+        case cppbor::TSTR:
+            out.append("'");
+            {
+                // TODO: escape "'" characters
+                out.append(item->asTstr()->value().c_str());
+            }
+            out.append("'");
+            break;
+
+        case cppbor::ARRAY: {
+            const cppbor::Array* array = item->asArray();
+            if (array->size() == 0) {
+                out.append("[]");
+            } else if (cborAreAllElementsNonCompound(array)) {
+                out.append("[");
+                for (size_t n = 0; n < array->size(); n++) {
+                    if (!cborPrettyPrintInternal((*array)[n].get(), out, indent + 2, maxBStrSize,
+                                                 mapKeysToNotPrint)) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    out.append(", ");
+                }
+                out.append("]");
+            } else {
+                out.append("[\n" + indentString);
+                for (size_t n = 0; n < array->size(); n++) {
+                    out.append("  ");
+                    if (!cborPrettyPrintInternal((*array)[n].get(), out, indent + 2, maxBStrSize,
+                                                 mapKeysToNotPrint)) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    out.append(",\n" + indentString);
+                }
+                out.append("]");
+            }
+        } break;
+
+        case cppbor::MAP: {
+            const cppbor::Map* map = item->asMap();
+
+            if (map->size() == 0) {
+                out.append("{}");
+            } else {
+                out.append("{\n" + indentString);
+                for (size_t n = 0; n < map->size(); n++) {
+                    out.append("  ");
+
+                    auto [map_key, map_value] = (*map)[n];
+
+                    if (!cborPrettyPrintInternal(map_key.get(), out, indent + 2, maxBStrSize,
+                                                 mapKeysToNotPrint)) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    out.append(" : ");
+                    if (map_key->type() == cppbor::TSTR &&
+                        std::find(mapKeysToNotPrint.begin(), mapKeysToNotPrint.end(),
+                                  map_key->asTstr()->value()) != mapKeysToNotPrint.end()) {
+                        out.append("<not printed>");
+                    } else {
+                        if (!cborPrettyPrintInternal(map_value.get(), out, indent + 2, maxBStrSize,
+                                                     mapKeysToNotPrint)) {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    out.append(",\n" + indentString);
+                }
+                out.append("}");
+            }
+        } break;
+
+        case cppbor::SEMANTIC: {
+            const cppbor::Semantic* semantic = item->asSemantic();
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "tag %" PRIu64 " ", semantic->value());
+            out.append(buf);
+            cborPrettyPrintInternal(semantic->child().get(), out, indent, maxBStrSize,
+                                    mapKeysToNotPrint);
+        } break;
+
+        case cppbor::SIMPLE:
+            const cppbor::Bool* asBool = item->asSimple()->asBool();
+            const cppbor::Null* asNull = item->asSimple()->asNull();
+            if (asBool != nullptr) {
+                out.append(asBool->value() ? "true" : "false");
+            } else if (asNull != nullptr) {
+                out.append("null");
+            } else {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Only boolean/null is implemented for SIMPLE";
+                return false;
+            }
+            break;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+string cborPrettyPrint(const vector<uint8_t>& encodedCbor, size_t maxBStrSize,
+                       const vector<string>& mapKeysToNotPrint) {
+    auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(encodedCbor);
+    if (item == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Data to pretty print is not valid CBOR: " << message;
+        return "";
+    }
+
+    string out;
+    cborPrettyPrintInternal(item.get(), out, 0, maxBStrSize, mapKeysToNotPrint);
+    return out;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Crypto functionality / abstraction.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+struct EVP_CIPHER_CTX_Deleter {
+    void operator()(EVP_CIPHER_CTX* ctx) const {
+        if (ctx != nullptr) {
+            EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+using EvpCipherCtxPtr = unique_ptr<EVP_CIPHER_CTX, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_Deleter>;
+
+// bool getRandom(size_t numBytes, vector<uint8_t>& output) {
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> getRandom(size_t numBytes) {
+    vector<uint8_t> output;
+    output.resize(numBytes);
+    if (RAND_bytes(output.data(), numBytes) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "RAND_bytes: failed getting " << numBytes << " random";
+        return {};
+    }
+    return output;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> decryptAes128Gcm(const vector<uint8_t>& key,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& encryptedData,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& additionalAuthenticatedData) {
+    int cipherTextSize = int(encryptedData.size()) - kAesGcmIvSize - kAesGcmTagSize;
+    if (cipherTextSize < 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "encryptedData too small";
+        return {};
+    }
+    unsigned char* nonce = (unsigned char*)encryptedData.data();
+    unsigned char* cipherText = nonce + kAesGcmIvSize;
+    unsigned char* tag = cipherText + cipherTextSize;
+
+    vector<uint8_t> plainText;
+    plainText.resize(cipherTextSize);
+
+    auto ctx = EvpCipherCtxPtr(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new());
+    if (ctx.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx.get(), EVP_aes_128_gcm(), NULL, NULL, NULL) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptInit_ex: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx.get(), EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_IVLEN, kAesGcmIvSize, NULL) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl: failed setting nonce length";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx.get(), NULL, NULL, (unsigned char*)key.data(), nonce) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptInit_ex: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int numWritten;
+    if (additionalAuthenticatedData.size() > 0) {
+        if (EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx.get(), NULL, &numWritten,
+                              (unsigned char*)additionalAuthenticatedData.data(),
+                              additionalAuthenticatedData.size()) != 1) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptUpdate: failed for additionalAuthenticatedData";
+            return {};
+        }
+        if ((size_t)numWritten != additionalAuthenticatedData.size()) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptUpdate: Unexpected outl=" << numWritten << " (expected "
+                       << additionalAuthenticatedData.size() << ") for additionalAuthenticatedData";
+            return {};
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx.get(), (unsigned char*)plainText.data(), &numWritten, cipherText,
+                          cipherTextSize) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptUpdate: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (numWritten != cipherTextSize) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptUpdate: Unexpected outl=" << numWritten << " (expected "
+                   << cipherTextSize << ")";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (!EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx.get(), EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_TAG, kAesGcmTagSize, tag)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl: failed setting expected tag";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int ret = EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(ctx.get(), (unsigned char*)plainText.data() + numWritten,
+                                  &numWritten);
+    if (ret != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptFinal_ex: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (numWritten != 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptFinal_ex: Unexpected non-zero outl=" << numWritten;
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    return plainText;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> encryptAes128Gcm(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& nonce,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& additionalAuthenticatedData) {
+    if (key.size() != kAes128GcmKeySize) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "key is not kAes128GcmKeySize bytes";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (nonce.size() != kAesGcmIvSize) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "nonce is not kAesGcmIvSize bytes";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // The result is the nonce (kAesGcmIvSize bytes), the ciphertext, and
+    // finally the tag (kAesGcmTagSize bytes).
+    vector<uint8_t> encryptedData;
+    encryptedData.resize(data.size() + kAesGcmIvSize + kAesGcmTagSize);
+    unsigned char* noncePtr = (unsigned char*)encryptedData.data();
+    unsigned char* cipherText = noncePtr + kAesGcmIvSize;
+    unsigned char* tag = cipherText + data.size();
+    memcpy(noncePtr, nonce.data(), kAesGcmIvSize);
+
+    auto ctx = EvpCipherCtxPtr(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new());
+    if (ctx.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx.get(), EVP_aes_128_gcm(), NULL, NULL, NULL) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptInit_ex: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx.get(), EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_IVLEN, kAesGcmIvSize, NULL) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl: failed setting nonce length";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx.get(), NULL, NULL, (unsigned char*)key.data(),
+                           (unsigned char*)nonce.data()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptInit_ex: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int numWritten;
+    if (additionalAuthenticatedData.size() > 0) {
+        if (EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx.get(), NULL, &numWritten,
+                              (unsigned char*)additionalAuthenticatedData.data(),
+                              additionalAuthenticatedData.size()) != 1) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptUpdate: failed for additionalAuthenticatedData";
+            return {};
+        }
+        if ((size_t)numWritten != additionalAuthenticatedData.size()) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptUpdate: Unexpected outl=" << numWritten << " (expected "
+                       << additionalAuthenticatedData.size() << ") for additionalAuthenticatedData";
+            return {};
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (data.size() > 0) {
+        if (EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx.get(), cipherText, &numWritten, (unsigned char*)data.data(),
+                              data.size()) != 1) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptUpdate: failed";
+            return {};
+        }
+        if ((size_t)numWritten != data.size()) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptUpdate: Unexpected outl=" << numWritten << " (expected "
+                       << data.size() << ")";
+            return {};
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(ctx.get(), cipherText + numWritten, &numWritten) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptFinal_ex: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (numWritten != 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptFinal_ex: Unexpected non-zero outl=" << numWritten;
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx.get(), EVP_CTRL_GCM_GET_TAG, kAesGcmTagSize, tag) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl: failed getting tag";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    return encryptedData;
+}
+
+struct EC_KEY_Deleter {
+    void operator()(EC_KEY* key) const {
+        if (key != nullptr) {
+            EC_KEY_free(key);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using EC_KEY_Ptr = unique_ptr<EC_KEY, EC_KEY_Deleter>;
+
+struct EVP_PKEY_Deleter {
+    void operator()(EVP_PKEY* key) const {
+        if (key != nullptr) {
+            EVP_PKEY_free(key);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using EVP_PKEY_Ptr = unique_ptr<EVP_PKEY, EVP_PKEY_Deleter>;
+
+struct EVP_PKEY_CTX_Deleter {
+    void operator()(EVP_PKEY_CTX* ctx) const {
+        if (ctx != nullptr) {
+            EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using EVP_PKEY_CTX_Ptr = unique_ptr<EVP_PKEY_CTX, EVP_PKEY_CTX_Deleter>;
+
+struct EC_GROUP_Deleter {
+    void operator()(EC_GROUP* group) const {
+        if (group != nullptr) {
+            EC_GROUP_free(group);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using EC_GROUP_Ptr = unique_ptr<EC_GROUP, EC_GROUP_Deleter>;
+
+struct EC_POINT_Deleter {
+    void operator()(EC_POINT* point) const {
+        if (point != nullptr) {
+            EC_POINT_free(point);
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+using EC_POINT_Ptr = unique_ptr<EC_POINT, EC_POINT_Deleter>;
+
+struct ECDSA_SIG_Deleter {
+    void operator()(ECDSA_SIG* sig) const {
+        if (sig != nullptr) {
+            ECDSA_SIG_free(sig);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using ECDSA_SIG_Ptr = unique_ptr<ECDSA_SIG, ECDSA_SIG_Deleter>;
+
+struct X509_Deleter {
+    void operator()(X509* x509) const {
+        if (x509 != nullptr) {
+            X509_free(x509);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using X509_Ptr = unique_ptr<X509, X509_Deleter>;
+
+struct PKCS12_Deleter {
+    void operator()(PKCS12* pkcs12) const {
+        if (pkcs12 != nullptr) {
+            PKCS12_free(pkcs12);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using PKCS12_Ptr = unique_ptr<PKCS12, PKCS12_Deleter>;
+
+struct BIGNUM_Deleter {
+    void operator()(BIGNUM* bignum) const {
+        if (bignum != nullptr) {
+            BN_free(bignum);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using BIGNUM_Ptr = unique_ptr<BIGNUM, BIGNUM_Deleter>;
+
+struct ASN1_INTEGER_Deleter {
+    void operator()(ASN1_INTEGER* value) const {
+        if (value != nullptr) {
+            ASN1_INTEGER_free(value);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using ASN1_INTEGER_Ptr = unique_ptr<ASN1_INTEGER, ASN1_INTEGER_Deleter>;
+
+struct ASN1_TIME_Deleter {
+    void operator()(ASN1_TIME* value) const {
+        if (value != nullptr) {
+            ASN1_TIME_free(value);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using ASN1_TIME_Ptr = unique_ptr<ASN1_TIME, ASN1_TIME_Deleter>;
+
+struct X509_NAME_Deleter {
+    void operator()(X509_NAME* value) const {
+        if (value != nullptr) {
+            X509_NAME_free(value);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using X509_NAME_Ptr = unique_ptr<X509_NAME, X509_NAME_Deleter>;
+
+vector<uint8_t> certificateChainJoin(const vector<vector<uint8_t>>& certificateChain) {
+    vector<uint8_t> ret;
+    for (const vector<uint8_t>& certificate : certificateChain) {
+        ret.insert(ret.end(), certificate.begin(), certificate.end());
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> certificateChainSplit(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain) {
+    const unsigned char* pStart = (unsigned char*)certificateChain.data();
+    const unsigned char* p = pStart;
+    const unsigned char* pEnd = p + certificateChain.size();
+    vector<vector<uint8_t>> certificates;
+    while (p < pEnd) {
+        size_t begin = p - pStart;
+        auto x509 = X509_Ptr(d2i_X509(nullptr, &p, pEnd - p));
+        size_t next = p - pStart;
+        if (x509 == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing X509 certificate";
+            return {};
+        }
+        vector<uint8_t> cert =
+                vector<uint8_t>(certificateChain.begin() + begin, certificateChain.begin() + next);
+        certificates.push_back(std::move(cert));
+    }
+    return certificates;
+}
+
+static bool parseX509Certificates(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain,
+                                  vector<X509_Ptr>& parsedCertificates) {
+    const unsigned char* p = (unsigned char*)certificateChain.data();
+    const unsigned char* pEnd = p + certificateChain.size();
+    parsedCertificates.resize(0);
+    while (p < pEnd) {
+        auto x509 = X509_Ptr(d2i_X509(nullptr, &p, pEnd - p));
+        if (x509 == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing X509 certificate";
+            return false;
+        }
+        parsedCertificates.push_back(std::move(x509));
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// TODO: Right now the only check we perform is to check that each certificate
+//       is signed by its successor. We should - but currently don't - also check
+//       things like valid dates etc.
+//
+//       It would be nice to use X509_verify_cert() instead of doing our own thing.
+//
+bool certificateChainValidate(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain) {
+    vector<X509_Ptr> certs;
+
+    if (!parseX509Certificates(certificateChain, certs)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing X509 certificates";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (certs.size() == 1) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    for (size_t n = 1; n < certs.size(); n++) {
+        const X509_Ptr& keyCert = certs[n - 1];
+        const X509_Ptr& signingCert = certs[n];
+        EVP_PKEY_Ptr signingPubkey(X509_get_pubkey(signingCert.get()));
+        if (X509_verify(keyCert.get(), signingPubkey.get()) != 1) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Error validating cert at index " << n - 1
+                       << " is signed by its successor";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool checkEcDsaSignature(const vector<uint8_t>& digest, const vector<uint8_t>& signature,
+                         const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey) {
+    const unsigned char* p = (unsigned char*)signature.data();
+    auto sig = ECDSA_SIG_Ptr(d2i_ECDSA_SIG(nullptr, &p, signature.size()));
+    if (sig.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error decoding DER encoded signature";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    auto group = EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    auto point = EC_POINT_Ptr(EC_POINT_new(group.get()));
+    if (EC_POINT_oct2point(group.get(), point.get(), publicKey.data(), publicKey.size(), nullptr) !=
+        1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error decoding publicKey";
+        return false;
+    }
+    auto ecKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new());
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    if (ecKey.get() == nullptr || pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Memory allocation failed";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (EC_KEY_set_group(ecKey.get(), group.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting group";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(ecKey.get(), point.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting point";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey.get(), ecKey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting key";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int rc = ECDSA_do_verify(digest.data(), digest.size(), sig.get(), ecKey.get());
+    if (rc != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error verifying signature (rc=" << rc << ")";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> sha256(const vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+    vector<uint8_t> ret;
+    ret.resize(SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH);
+    SHA256_CTX ctx;
+    SHA256_Init(&ctx);
+    SHA256_Update(&ctx, data.data(), data.size());
+    SHA256_Final((unsigned char*)ret.data(), &ctx);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> signEcDsa(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+    auto bn = BIGNUM_Ptr(BN_bin2bn(key.data(), key.size(), nullptr));
+    if (bn.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating BIGNUM";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ec_key = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    if (EC_KEY_set_private_key(ec_key.get(), bn.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting private key from BIGNUM";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto digest = sha256(data);
+    ECDSA_SIG* sig = ECDSA_do_sign(digest.data(), digest.size(), ec_key.get());
+    if (sig == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error signing digest";
+        return {};
+    }
+    size_t len = i2d_ECDSA_SIG(sig, nullptr);
+    vector<uint8_t> signature;
+    signature.resize(len);
+    unsigned char* p = (unsigned char*)signature.data();
+    i2d_ECDSA_SIG(sig, &p);
+    ECDSA_SIG_free(sig);
+    return signature;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> hmacSha256(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+    HMAC_CTX ctx;
+    HMAC_CTX_init(&ctx);
+    if (HMAC_Init_ex(&ctx, key.data(), key.size(), EVP_sha256(), nullptr /* impl */) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error initializing HMAC_CTX";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (HMAC_Update(&ctx, data.data(), data.size()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error updating HMAC_CTX";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> hmac;
+    hmac.resize(32);
+    unsigned int size = 0;
+    if (HMAC_Final(&ctx, hmac.data(), &size) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error finalizing HMAC_CTX";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (size != 32) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Expected 32 bytes from HMAC_Final, got " << size;
+        return {};
+    }
+    return hmac;
+}
+
+// Generates the attestation certificate with the parameters passed in.  Note
+// that the passed in |activeTimeMilliSeconds| |expireTimeMilliSeconds| are in
+// milli seconds since epoch.  We are setting them to milliseconds due to
+// requirement in AuthorizationSet KM_DATE fields.  The certificate created is
+// actually in seconds.
+optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> createAttestation(const EVP_PKEY* key,
+                                                    const vector<uint8_t>& applicationId,
+                                                    const vector<uint8_t>& challenge,
+                                                    uint64_t activeTimeMilliSeconds,
+                                                    uint64_t expireTimeMilliSeconds) {
+    ::keymaster::AuthorizationSet auth_set(
+            ::keymaster::AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE, challenge.data(),
+                                   challenge.size())
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_ACTIVE_DATETIME, activeTimeMilliSeconds)
+                    // Even though identity attestation hal said the application
+                    // id should be in software enforced authentication set,
+                    // keymaster portable lib expect the input in this
+                    // parameter because the software enforced in input to keymaster
+                    // refers to the key software enforced properties. And this
+                    // parameter refers to properties of the attestation which
+                    // includes app id.
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID,
+                                   applicationId.data(), applicationId.size())
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_USAGE_EXPIRE_DATETIME, expireTimeMilliSeconds));
+
+    // Unique id and device id is not applicable for identity credential attestation,
+    // so we don't need to set those or application id.
+    ::keymaster::AuthorizationSet swEnforced(::keymaster::AuthorizationSetBuilder().Authorization(
+            ::keymaster::TAG_CREATION_DATETIME, activeTimeMilliSeconds));
+
+    ::keymaster::AuthorizationSet hwEnforced(
+            ::keymaster::AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_PURPOSE, KM_PURPOSE_SIGN)
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_KEY_SIZE, 256)
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_ALGORITHM, KM_ALGORITHM_EC)
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_DIGEST, KM_DIGEST_SHA_2_256)
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_EC_CURVE, KM_EC_CURVE_P_256)
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_KEY));
+
+    const keymaster_cert_chain_t* attestation_chain =
+            ::keymaster::getAttestationChain(KM_ALGORITHM_EC, nullptr);
+
+    if (attestation_chain == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting attestation chain";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    const keymaster_key_blob_t* attestation_signing_key =
+            ::keymaster::getAttestationKey(KM_ALGORITHM_EC, nullptr);
+    if (attestation_signing_key == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting attestation key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    keymaster_error_t error;
+    ::keymaster::CertChainPtr cert_chain_out;
+    ::keymaster::PureSoftKeymasterContext context;
+
+    // set identity version to 10 per hal requirements specified in IWriteableCredential.hal
+    // For now, the identity version in the attestation is set in the keymaster
+    // version field in the portable keymaster lib, which is a bit misleading.
+    uint identity_version = 10;
+    error = generate_attestation_from_EVP(key, swEnforced, hwEnforced, auth_set, context,
+                                          identity_version, *attestation_chain,
+                                          *attestation_signing_key, &cert_chain_out);
+
+    if (KM_ERROR_OK != error || !cert_chain_out) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generate attestation from EVP key" << error;
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // translate certificate format from keymaster_cert_chain_t to vector<uint8_t>.
+    vector<vector<uint8_t>> attestationCertificate;
+    for (int i = 0; i < cert_chain_out->entry_count; i++) {
+        attestationCertificate.insert(
+                attestationCertificate.end(),
+                vector<uint8_t>(
+                        cert_chain_out->entries[i].data,
+                        cert_chain_out->entries[i].data + cert_chain_out->entries[i].data_length));
+    }
+
+    return attestationCertificate;
+}
+
+optional<std::pair<vector<uint8_t>, vector<vector<uint8_t>>>> createEcKeyPairAndAttestation(
+        const vector<uint8_t>& challenge, const vector<uint8_t>& applicationId) {
+    auto ec_key = ::keymaster::EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new());
+    auto pkey = ::keymaster::EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    auto group = ::keymaster::EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+
+    if (ec_key.get() == nullptr || pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Memory allocation failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EC_KEY_set_group(ec_key.get(), group.get()) != 1 ||
+        EC_KEY_generate_key(ec_key.get()) != 1 || EC_KEY_check_key(ec_key.get()) < 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generating key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey.get(), ec_key.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    uint64_t now = time(nullptr);
+    uint64_t secondsInOneYear = 365 * 24 * 60 * 60;
+    uint64_t expireTimeMs = (now + secondsInOneYear) * 1000;
+
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> attestationCert =
+            createAttestation(pkey.get(), applicationId, challenge, now * 1000, expireTimeMs);
+    if (!attestationCert) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error create attestation from key and challenge";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int size = i2d_PrivateKey(pkey.get(), nullptr);
+    if (size == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generating public key encoding";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> keyPair(size);
+    unsigned char* p = keyPair.data();
+    i2d_PrivateKey(pkey.get(), &p);
+
+    return make_pair(keyPair, attestationCert.value());
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> createEcKeyPair() {
+    auto ec_key = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new());
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    auto group = EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    if (ec_key.get() == nullptr || pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Memory allocation failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EC_KEY_set_group(ec_key.get(), group.get()) != 1 ||
+        EC_KEY_generate_key(ec_key.get()) != 1 || EC_KEY_check_key(ec_key.get()) < 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generating key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey.get(), ec_key.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int size = i2d_PrivateKey(pkey.get(), nullptr);
+    if (size == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generating public key encoding";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> keyPair;
+    keyPair.resize(size);
+    unsigned char* p = keyPair.data();
+    i2d_PrivateKey(pkey.get(), &p);
+    return keyPair;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(const vector<uint8_t>& keyPair) {
+    const unsigned char* p = (const unsigned char*)keyPair.data();
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(d2i_PrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, nullptr, &p, keyPair.size()));
+    if (pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing keyPair";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ecKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pkey.get()));
+    if (ecKey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed getting EC key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ecGroup = EC_KEY_get0_group(ecKey.get());
+    auto ecPoint = EC_KEY_get0_public_key(ecKey.get());
+    int size = EC_POINT_point2oct(ecGroup, ecPoint, POINT_CONVERSION_UNCOMPRESSED, nullptr, 0,
+                                  nullptr);
+    if (size == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generating public key encoding";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> publicKey;
+    publicKey.resize(size);
+    EC_POINT_point2oct(ecGroup, ecPoint, POINT_CONVERSION_UNCOMPRESSED, publicKey.data(),
+                       publicKey.size(), nullptr);
+    return publicKey;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(const vector<uint8_t>& keyPair) {
+    const unsigned char* p = (const unsigned char*)keyPair.data();
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(d2i_PrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, nullptr, &p, keyPair.size()));
+    if (pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing keyPair";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ecKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pkey.get()));
+    if (ecKey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed getting EC key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    const BIGNUM* bignum = EC_KEY_get0_private_key(ecKey.get());
+    if (bignum == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting bignum from private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> privateKey;
+    privateKey.resize(BN_num_bytes(bignum));
+    BN_bn2bin(bignum, privateKey.data());
+    return privateKey;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecKeyPairGetPkcs12(const vector<uint8_t>& keyPair, const string& name,
+                                             const string& serialDecimal, const string& issuer,
+                                             const string& subject, time_t validityNotBefore,
+                                             time_t validityNotAfter) {
+    const unsigned char* p = (const unsigned char*)keyPair.data();
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(d2i_PrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, nullptr, &p, keyPair.size()));
+    if (pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing keyPair";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto x509 = X509_Ptr(X509_new());
+    if (!x509.get()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating X509 certificate";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (!X509_set_version(x509.get(), 2 /* version 3, but zero-based */)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting version to 3";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (X509_set_pubkey(x509.get(), pkey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting public key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    BIGNUM* bignumSerial = nullptr;
+    if (BN_dec2bn(&bignumSerial, serialDecimal.c_str()) == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing serial";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto bignumSerialPtr = BIGNUM_Ptr(bignumSerial);
+    auto asnSerial = ASN1_INTEGER_Ptr(BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(bignumSerial, nullptr));
+    if (X509_set_serialNumber(x509.get(), asnSerial.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting serial";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto x509Issuer = X509_NAME_Ptr(X509_NAME_new());
+    if (x509Issuer.get() == nullptr ||
+        X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(x509Issuer.get(), "CN", MBSTRING_ASC,
+                                   (const uint8_t*)issuer.c_str(), issuer.size(), -1 /* loc */,
+                                   0 /* set */) != 1 ||
+        X509_set_issuer_name(x509.get(), x509Issuer.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting issuer";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto x509Subject = X509_NAME_Ptr(X509_NAME_new());
+    if (x509Subject.get() == nullptr ||
+        X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(x509Subject.get(), "CN", MBSTRING_ASC,
+                                   (const uint8_t*)subject.c_str(), subject.size(), -1 /* loc */,
+                                   0 /* set */) != 1 ||
+        X509_set_subject_name(x509.get(), x509Subject.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting subject";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto asnNotBefore = ASN1_TIME_Ptr(ASN1_TIME_set(nullptr, validityNotBefore));
+    if (asnNotBefore.get() == nullptr || X509_set_notBefore(x509.get(), asnNotBefore.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting notBefore";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto asnNotAfter = ASN1_TIME_Ptr(ASN1_TIME_set(nullptr, validityNotAfter));
+    if (asnNotAfter.get() == nullptr || X509_set_notAfter(x509.get(), asnNotAfter.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting notAfter";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (X509_sign(x509.get(), pkey.get(), EVP_sha256()) == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error signing X509 certificate";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // Ideally we wouldn't encrypt it (we're only using this function for
+    // sending a key-pair over binder to the Android app) but BoringSSL does not
+    // support this: from pkcs8_x509.c in BoringSSL: "In OpenSSL, -1 here means
+    // to use no encryption, which we do not currently support."
+    //
+    // Passing nullptr as |pass|, though, means "no password". So we'll do that.
+    // Compare with the receiving side - CredstoreIdentityCredential.java - where
+    // an empty char[] is passed as the password.
+    //
+    auto pkcs12 = PKCS12_Ptr(PKCS12_create(nullptr, name.c_str(), pkey.get(), x509.get(),
+                                           nullptr,  // ca
+                                           0,        // nid_key
+                                           0,        // nid_cert
+                                           0,        // iter,
+                                           0,        // mac_iter,
+                                           0));      // keytype
+    if (pkcs12.get() == nullptr) {
+        char buf[128];
+        long errCode = ERR_get_error();
+        ERR_error_string_n(errCode, buf, sizeof buf);
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating PKCS12, code " << errCode << ": " << buf;
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    unsigned char* buffer = nullptr;
+    int length = i2d_PKCS12(pkcs12.get(), &buffer);
+    if (length < 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error encoding PKCS12";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> pkcs12Bytes;
+    pkcs12Bytes.resize(length);
+    memcpy(pkcs12Bytes.data(), buffer, length);
+    OPENSSL_free(buffer);
+
+    return pkcs12Bytes;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+        const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey, const vector<uint8_t>& signingKey,
+        const string& serialDecimal, const string& issuer, const string& subject,
+        time_t validityNotBefore, time_t validityNotAfter) {
+    auto group = EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    auto point = EC_POINT_Ptr(EC_POINT_new(group.get()));
+    if (EC_POINT_oct2point(group.get(), point.get(), publicKey.data(), publicKey.size(), nullptr) !=
+        1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error decoding publicKey";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto ecKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new());
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    if (ecKey.get() == nullptr || pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Memory allocation failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (EC_KEY_set_group(ecKey.get(), group.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting group";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(ecKey.get(), point.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting point";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey.get(), ecKey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto bn = BIGNUM_Ptr(BN_bin2bn(signingKey.data(), signingKey.size(), nullptr));
+    if (bn.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating BIGNUM for private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto privEcKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    if (EC_KEY_set_private_key(privEcKey.get(), bn.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting private key from BIGNUM";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto privPkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(privPkey.get(), privEcKey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto x509 = X509_Ptr(X509_new());
+    if (!x509.get()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating X509 certificate";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (!X509_set_version(x509.get(), 2 /* version 3, but zero-based */)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting version to 3";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (X509_set_pubkey(x509.get(), pkey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting public key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    BIGNUM* bignumSerial = nullptr;
+    if (BN_dec2bn(&bignumSerial, serialDecimal.c_str()) == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing serial";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto bignumSerialPtr = BIGNUM_Ptr(bignumSerial);
+    auto asnSerial = ASN1_INTEGER_Ptr(BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(bignumSerial, nullptr));
+    if (X509_set_serialNumber(x509.get(), asnSerial.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting serial";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto x509Issuer = X509_NAME_Ptr(X509_NAME_new());
+    if (x509Issuer.get() == nullptr ||
+        X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(x509Issuer.get(), "CN", MBSTRING_ASC,
+                                   (const uint8_t*)issuer.c_str(), issuer.size(), -1 /* loc */,
+                                   0 /* set */) != 1 ||
+        X509_set_issuer_name(x509.get(), x509Issuer.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting issuer";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto x509Subject = X509_NAME_Ptr(X509_NAME_new());
+    if (x509Subject.get() == nullptr ||
+        X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(x509Subject.get(), "CN", MBSTRING_ASC,
+                                   (const uint8_t*)subject.c_str(), subject.size(), -1 /* loc */,
+                                   0 /* set */) != 1 ||
+        X509_set_subject_name(x509.get(), x509Subject.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting subject";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto asnNotBefore = ASN1_TIME_Ptr(ASN1_TIME_set(nullptr, validityNotBefore));
+    if (asnNotBefore.get() == nullptr || X509_set_notBefore(x509.get(), asnNotBefore.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting notBefore";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto asnNotAfter = ASN1_TIME_Ptr(ASN1_TIME_set(nullptr, validityNotAfter));
+    if (asnNotAfter.get() == nullptr || X509_set_notAfter(x509.get(), asnNotAfter.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting notAfter";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (X509_sign(x509.get(), privPkey.get(), EVP_sha256()) == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error signing X509 certificate";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    unsigned char* buffer = nullptr;
+    int length = i2d_X509(x509.get(), &buffer);
+    if (length < 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error DER encoding X509 certificate";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> certificate;
+    certificate.resize(length);
+    memcpy(certificate.data(), buffer, length);
+    OPENSSL_free(buffer);
+    return certificate;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecdh(const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey,
+                               const vector<uint8_t>& privateKey) {
+    auto group = EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    auto point = EC_POINT_Ptr(EC_POINT_new(group.get()));
+    if (EC_POINT_oct2point(group.get(), point.get(), publicKey.data(), publicKey.size(), nullptr) !=
+        1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error decoding publicKey";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto ecKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new());
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    if (ecKey.get() == nullptr || pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Memory allocation failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (EC_KEY_set_group(ecKey.get(), group.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting group";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(ecKey.get(), point.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting point";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey.get(), ecKey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto bn = BIGNUM_Ptr(BN_bin2bn(privateKey.data(), privateKey.size(), nullptr));
+    if (bn.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating BIGNUM for private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto privEcKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    if (EC_KEY_set_private_key(privEcKey.get(), bn.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting private key from BIGNUM";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto privPkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(privPkey.get(), privEcKey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(privPkey.get(), NULL));
+    if (ctx.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating context";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_PKEY_derive_init(ctx.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error initializing context";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_PKEY_derive_set_peer(ctx.get(), pkey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting peer";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    /* Determine buffer length for shared secret */
+    size_t secretLen = 0;
+    if (EVP_PKEY_derive(ctx.get(), NULL, &secretLen) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error determing length of shared secret";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> sharedSecret;
+    sharedSecret.resize(secretLen);
+
+    if (EVP_PKEY_derive(ctx.get(), sharedSecret.data(), &secretLen) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error deriving shared secret";
+        return {};
+    }
+    return sharedSecret;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> hkdf(const vector<uint8_t>& sharedSecret, const vector<uint8_t>& salt,
+                               const vector<uint8_t>& info, size_t size) {
+    vector<uint8_t> derivedKey;
+    derivedKey.resize(size);
+    if (HKDF(derivedKey.data(), derivedKey.size(), EVP_sha256(), sharedSecret.data(),
+             sharedSecret.size(), salt.data(), salt.size(), info.data(), info.size()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error deriving key";
+        return {};
+    }
+    return derivedKey;
+}
+
+void removeLeadingZeroes(vector<uint8_t>& vec) {
+    while (vec.size() >= 1 && vec[0] == 0x00) {
+        vec.erase(vec.begin());
+    }
+}
+
+tuple<bool, vector<uint8_t>, vector<uint8_t>> ecPublicKeyGetXandY(
+        const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey) {
+    if (publicKey.size() != 65 || publicKey[0] != 0x04) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "publicKey is not in the expected format";
+        return std::make_tuple(false, vector<uint8_t>(), vector<uint8_t>());
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> x, y;
+    x.resize(32);
+    y.resize(32);
+    memcpy(x.data(), publicKey.data() + 1, 32);
+    memcpy(y.data(), publicKey.data() + 33, 32);
+
+    removeLeadingZeroes(x);
+    removeLeadingZeroes(y);
+
+    return std::make_tuple(true, x, y);
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> certificateChainGetTopMostKey(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain) {
+    vector<X509_Ptr> certs;
+    if (!parseX509Certificates(certificateChain, certs)) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (certs.size() < 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "No certificates in chain";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int algoId = OBJ_obj2nid(certs[0]->cert_info->key->algor->algorithm);
+    if (algoId != NID_X9_62_id_ecPublicKey) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Expected NID_X9_62_id_ecPublicKey, got " << OBJ_nid2ln(algoId);
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(X509_get_pubkey(certs[0].get()));
+    if (pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "No public key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ecKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pkey.get()));
+    if (ecKey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed getting EC key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ecGroup = EC_KEY_get0_group(ecKey.get());
+    auto ecPoint = EC_KEY_get0_public_key(ecKey.get());
+    int size = EC_POINT_point2oct(ecGroup, ecPoint, POINT_CONVERSION_UNCOMPRESSED, nullptr, 0,
+                                  nullptr);
+    if (size == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generating public key encoding";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> publicKey;
+    publicKey.resize(size);
+    EC_POINT_point2oct(ecGroup, ecPoint, POINT_CONVERSION_UNCOMPRESSED, publicKey.data(),
+                       publicKey.size(), nullptr);
+    return publicKey;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// COSE Utility Functions
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+vector<uint8_t> coseBuildToBeSigned(const vector<uint8_t>& encodedProtectedHeaders,
+                                    const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                    const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent) {
+    cppbor::Array sigStructure;
+    sigStructure.add("Signature1");
+    sigStructure.add(encodedProtectedHeaders);
+
+    // We currently don't support Externally Supplied Data (RFC 8152 section 4.3)
+    // so external_aad is the empty bstr
+    vector<uint8_t> emptyExternalAad;
+    sigStructure.add(emptyExternalAad);
+
+    // Next field is the payload, independently of how it's transported (RFC
+    // 8152 section 4.4). Since our API specifies only one of |data| and
+    // |detachedContent| can be non-empty, it's simply just the non-empty one.
+    if (data.size() > 0) {
+        sigStructure.add(data);
+    } else {
+        sigStructure.add(detachedContent);
+    }
+    return sigStructure.encode();
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> coseEncodeHeaders(const cppbor::Map& protectedHeaders) {
+    if (protectedHeaders.size() == 0) {
+        cppbor::Bstr emptyBstr(vector<uint8_t>({}));
+        return emptyBstr.encode();
+    }
+    return protectedHeaders.encode();
+}
+
+// From https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8152
+const int COSE_LABEL_ALG = 1;
+const int COSE_LABEL_X5CHAIN = 33;  // temporary identifier
+
+// From "COSE Algorithms" registry
+const int COSE_ALG_ECDSA_256 = -7;
+const int COSE_ALG_HMAC_256_256 = 5;
+
+bool ecdsaSignatureCoseToDer(const vector<uint8_t>& ecdsaCoseSignature,
+                             vector<uint8_t>& ecdsaDerSignature) {
+    if (ecdsaCoseSignature.size() != 64) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "COSE signature length is " << ecdsaCoseSignature.size() << ", expected 64";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    auto rBn = BIGNUM_Ptr(BN_bin2bn(ecdsaCoseSignature.data(), 32, nullptr));
+    if (rBn.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating BIGNUM for r";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    auto sBn = BIGNUM_Ptr(BN_bin2bn(ecdsaCoseSignature.data() + 32, 32, nullptr));
+    if (sBn.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating BIGNUM for s";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    ECDSA_SIG sig;
+    sig.r = rBn.get();
+    sig.s = sBn.get();
+
+    size_t len = i2d_ECDSA_SIG(&sig, nullptr);
+    ecdsaDerSignature.resize(len);
+    unsigned char* p = (unsigned char*)ecdsaDerSignature.data();
+    i2d_ECDSA_SIG(&sig, &p);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ecdsaSignatureDerToCose(const vector<uint8_t>& ecdsaDerSignature,
+                             vector<uint8_t>& ecdsaCoseSignature) {
+    ECDSA_SIG* sig;
+    const unsigned char* p = ecdsaDerSignature.data();
+    sig = d2i_ECDSA_SIG(nullptr, &p, ecdsaDerSignature.size());
+    if (sig == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error decoding DER signature";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    ecdsaCoseSignature.clear();
+    ecdsaCoseSignature.resize(64);
+    if (BN_bn2binpad(sig->r, ecdsaCoseSignature.data(), 32) != 32) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error encoding r";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (BN_bn2binpad(sig->s, ecdsaCoseSignature.data() + 32, 32) != 32) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error encoding s";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSignEcDsa(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                        const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent,
+                                        const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain) {
+    cppbor::Map unprotectedHeaders;
+    cppbor::Map protectedHeaders;
+
+    if (data.size() > 0 && detachedContent.size() > 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "data and detachedContent cannot both be non-empty";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    protectedHeaders.add(COSE_LABEL_ALG, COSE_ALG_ECDSA_256);
+
+    if (certificateChain.size() != 0) {
+        optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> certs = support::certificateChainSplit(certificateChain);
+        if (!certs) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Error splitting certificate chain";
+            return {};
+        }
+        if (certs.value().size() == 1) {
+            unprotectedHeaders.add(COSE_LABEL_X5CHAIN, certs.value()[0]);
+        } else {
+            cppbor::Array certArray;
+            for (const vector<uint8_t>& cert : certs.value()) {
+                certArray.add(cert);
+            }
+            unprotectedHeaders.add(COSE_LABEL_X5CHAIN, std::move(certArray));
+        }
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> encodedProtectedHeaders = coseEncodeHeaders(protectedHeaders);
+    vector<uint8_t> toBeSigned =
+            coseBuildToBeSigned(encodedProtectedHeaders, data, detachedContent);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> derSignature = signEcDsa(key, toBeSigned);
+    if (!derSignature) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error signing toBeSigned data";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> coseSignature;
+    if (!ecdsaSignatureDerToCose(derSignature.value(), coseSignature)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error converting ECDSA signature from DER to COSE format";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    cppbor::Array coseSign1;
+    coseSign1.add(encodedProtectedHeaders);
+    coseSign1.add(std::move(unprotectedHeaders));
+    if (data.size() == 0) {
+        cppbor::Null nullValue;
+        coseSign1.add(std::move(nullValue));
+    } else {
+        coseSign1.add(data);
+    }
+    coseSign1.add(coseSignature);
+    vector<uint8_t> signatureCoseSign1;
+    signatureCoseSign1 = coseSign1.encode();
+    return signatureCoseSign1;
+}
+
+bool coseCheckEcDsaSignature(const vector<uint8_t>& signatureCoseSign1,
+                             const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent,
+                             const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey) {
+    auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(signatureCoseSign1);
+    if (item == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Passed-in COSE_Sign1 is not valid CBOR: " << message;
+        return false;
+    }
+    const cppbor::Array* array = item->asArray();
+    if (array == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for COSE_Sign1 is not an array";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (array->size() != 4) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for COSE_Sign1 is not an array of size 4";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const cppbor::Bstr* encodedProtectedHeadersBstr = (*array)[0]->asBstr();
+    ;
+    if (encodedProtectedHeadersBstr == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for encodedProtectedHeaders is not a bstr";
+        return false;
+    }
+    const vector<uint8_t> encodedProtectedHeaders = encodedProtectedHeadersBstr->value();
+
+    const cppbor::Map* unprotectedHeaders = (*array)[1]->asMap();
+    if (unprotectedHeaders == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for unprotectedHeaders is not a map";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> data;
+    const cppbor::Simple* payloadAsSimple = (*array)[2]->asSimple();
+    if (payloadAsSimple != nullptr) {
+        if (payloadAsSimple->asNull() == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Value for payload is not null or a bstr";
+            return false;
+        }
+    } else {
+        const cppbor::Bstr* payloadAsBstr = (*array)[2]->asBstr();
+        if (payloadAsBstr == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Value for payload is not null or a bstr";
+            return false;
+        }
+        data = payloadAsBstr->value();  // TODO: avoid copy
+    }
+
+    if (data.size() > 0 && detachedContent.size() > 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "data and detachedContent cannot both be non-empty";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const cppbor::Bstr* signatureBstr = (*array)[3]->asBstr();
+    if (signatureBstr == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for signature is a bstr";
+        return false;
+    }
+    const vector<uint8_t>& coseSignature = signatureBstr->value();
+
+    vector<uint8_t> derSignature;
+    if (!ecdsaSignatureCoseToDer(coseSignature, derSignature)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error converting ECDSA signature from COSE to DER format";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> toBeSigned =
+            coseBuildToBeSigned(encodedProtectedHeaders, data, detachedContent);
+    if (!checkEcDsaSignature(support::sha256(toBeSigned), derSignature, publicKey)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Signature check failed";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSignGetPayload(const vector<uint8_t>& signatureCoseSign1) {
+    auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(signatureCoseSign1);
+    if (item == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Passed-in COSE_Sign1 is not valid CBOR: " << message;
+        return {};
+    }
+    const cppbor::Array* array = item->asArray();
+    if (array == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for COSE_Sign1 is not an array";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (array->size() != 4) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for COSE_Sign1 is not an array of size 4";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> data;
+    const cppbor::Simple* payloadAsSimple = (*array)[2]->asSimple();
+    if (payloadAsSimple != nullptr) {
+        if (payloadAsSimple->asNull() == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Value for payload is not null or a bstr";
+            return {};
+        }
+        // payload is null, so |data| should be empty (as it is)
+    } else {
+        const cppbor::Bstr* payloadAsBstr = (*array)[2]->asBstr();
+        if (payloadAsBstr == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Value for payload is not null or a bstr";
+            return {};
+        }
+        // Copy payload into |data|
+        data = payloadAsBstr->value();
+    }
+
+    return data;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSignGetX5Chain(const vector<uint8_t>& signatureCoseSign1) {
+    auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(signatureCoseSign1);
+    if (item == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Passed-in COSE_Sign1 is not valid CBOR: " << message;
+        return {};
+    }
+    const cppbor::Array* array = item->asArray();
+    if (array == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for COSE_Sign1 is not an array";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (array->size() != 4) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for COSE_Sign1 is not an array of size 4";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    const cppbor::Map* unprotectedHeaders = (*array)[1]->asMap();
+    if (unprotectedHeaders == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for unprotectedHeaders is not a map";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < unprotectedHeaders->size(); n++) {
+        auto [keyItem, valueItem] = (*unprotectedHeaders)[n];
+        const cppbor::Int* number = keyItem->asInt();
+        if (number == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Key item in top-level map is not a number";
+            return {};
+        }
+        int label = number->value();
+        if (label == COSE_LABEL_X5CHAIN) {
+            const cppbor::Bstr* bstr = valueItem->asBstr();
+            if (bstr != nullptr) {
+                return bstr->value();
+            }
+            const cppbor::Array* array = valueItem->asArray();
+            if (array != nullptr) {
+                vector<uint8_t> certs;
+                for (size_t m = 0; m < array->size(); m++) {
+                    const cppbor::Bstr* bstr = ((*array)[m])->asBstr();
+                    if (bstr == nullptr) {
+                        LOG(ERROR) << "Item in x5chain array is not a bstr";
+                        return {};
+                    }
+                    const vector<uint8_t>& certValue = bstr->value();
+                    certs.insert(certs.end(), certValue.begin(), certValue.end());
+                }
+                return certs;
+            }
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Value for x5chain label is not a bstr or array";
+            return {};
+        }
+    }
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Did not find x5chain label in unprotected headers";
+    return {};
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> coseBuildToBeMACed(const vector<uint8_t>& encodedProtectedHeaders,
+                                   const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                   const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent) {
+    cppbor::Array macStructure;
+    macStructure.add("MAC0");
+    macStructure.add(encodedProtectedHeaders);
+
+    // We currently don't support Externally Supplied Data (RFC 8152 section 4.3)
+    // so external_aad is the empty bstr
+    vector<uint8_t> emptyExternalAad;
+    macStructure.add(emptyExternalAad);
+
+    // Next field is the payload, independently of how it's transported (RFC
+    // 8152 section 4.4). Since our API specifies only one of |data| and
+    // |detachedContent| can be non-empty, it's simply just the non-empty one.
+    if (data.size() > 0) {
+        macStructure.add(data);
+    } else {
+        macStructure.add(detachedContent);
+    }
+
+    return macStructure.encode();
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseMac0(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                   const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent) {
+    cppbor::Map unprotectedHeaders;
+    cppbor::Map protectedHeaders;
+
+    if (data.size() > 0 && detachedContent.size() > 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "data and detachedContent cannot both be non-empty";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    protectedHeaders.add(COSE_LABEL_ALG, COSE_ALG_HMAC_256_256);
+
+    vector<uint8_t> encodedProtectedHeaders = coseEncodeHeaders(protectedHeaders);
+    vector<uint8_t> toBeMACed = coseBuildToBeMACed(encodedProtectedHeaders, data, detachedContent);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> mac = hmacSha256(key, toBeMACed);
+    if (!mac) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error MACing toBeMACed data";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    cppbor::Array array;
+    array.add(encodedProtectedHeaders);
+    array.add(std::move(unprotectedHeaders));
+    if (data.size() == 0) {
+        cppbor::Null nullValue;
+        array.add(std::move(nullValue));
+    } else {
+        array.add(data);
+    }
+    array.add(mac.value());
+    return array.encode();
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Utility functions specific to IdentityCredential.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+vector<vector<uint8_t>> chunkVector(const vector<uint8_t>& content, size_t maxChunkSize) {
+    vector<vector<uint8_t>> ret;
+
+    size_t contentSize = content.size();
+    if (contentSize <= maxChunkSize) {
+        ret.push_back(content);
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    size_t numChunks = (contentSize + maxChunkSize - 1) / maxChunkSize;
+
+    size_t pos = 0;
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < numChunks; n++) {
+        size_t size = contentSize - pos;
+        if (size > maxChunkSize) {
+            size = maxChunkSize;
+        }
+        auto begin = content.begin() + pos;
+        auto end = content.begin() + pos + size;
+        ret.emplace_back(vector<uint8_t>(begin, end));
+        pos += maxChunkSize;
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+
+vector<uint8_t> testHardwareBoundKey = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+const vector<uint8_t>& getTestHardwareBoundKey() {
+    return testHardwareBoundKey;
+}
+
+}  // namespace support
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/identity/support/src/cppbor.cpp b/identity/support/src/cppbor.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d289985
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/src/cppbor.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "cppbor.h"
+#include "cppbor_parse.h"
+
+#define LOG_TAG "CppBor"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+namespace cppbor {
+
+namespace {
+
+template <typename T, typename Iterator, typename = std::enable_if<std::is_unsigned<T>::value>>
+Iterator writeBigEndian(T value, Iterator pos) {
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(value); ++i) {
+        *pos++ = static_cast<uint8_t>(value >> (8 * (sizeof(value) - 1)));
+        value = static_cast<T>(value << 8);
+    }
+    return pos;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename = std::enable_if<std::is_unsigned<T>::value>>
+void writeBigEndian(T value, std::function<void(uint8_t)>& cb) {
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(value); ++i) {
+        cb(static_cast<uint8_t>(value >> (8 * (sizeof(value) - 1))));
+        value = static_cast<T>(value << 8);
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+size_t headerSize(uint64_t addlInfo) {
+    if (addlInfo < ONE_BYTE_LENGTH) return 1;
+    if (addlInfo <= std::numeric_limits<uint8_t>::max()) return 2;
+    if (addlInfo <= std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max()) return 3;
+    if (addlInfo <= std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) return 5;
+    return 9;
+}
+
+uint8_t* encodeHeader(MajorType type, uint64_t addlInfo, uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) {
+    size_t sz = headerSize(addlInfo);
+    if (end - pos < static_cast<ssize_t>(sz)) return nullptr;
+    switch (sz) {
+        case 1:
+            *pos++ = type | static_cast<uint8_t>(addlInfo);
+            return pos;
+        case 2:
+            *pos++ = type | ONE_BYTE_LENGTH;
+            *pos++ = static_cast<uint8_t>(addlInfo);
+            return pos;
+        case 3:
+            *pos++ = type | TWO_BYTE_LENGTH;
+            return writeBigEndian(static_cast<uint16_t>(addlInfo), pos);
+        case 5:
+            *pos++ = type | FOUR_BYTE_LENGTH;
+            return writeBigEndian(static_cast<uint32_t>(addlInfo), pos);
+        case 9:
+            *pos++ = type | EIGHT_BYTE_LENGTH;
+            return writeBigEndian(addlInfo, pos);
+        default:
+            CHECK(false);  // Impossible to get here.
+            return nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+void encodeHeader(MajorType type, uint64_t addlInfo, EncodeCallback encodeCallback) {
+    size_t sz = headerSize(addlInfo);
+    switch (sz) {
+        case 1:
+            encodeCallback(type | static_cast<uint8_t>(addlInfo));
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            encodeCallback(type | ONE_BYTE_LENGTH);
+            encodeCallback(static_cast<uint8_t>(addlInfo));
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            encodeCallback(type | TWO_BYTE_LENGTH);
+            writeBigEndian(static_cast<uint16_t>(addlInfo), encodeCallback);
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            encodeCallback(type | FOUR_BYTE_LENGTH);
+            writeBigEndian(static_cast<uint32_t>(addlInfo), encodeCallback);
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            encodeCallback(type | EIGHT_BYTE_LENGTH);
+            writeBigEndian(addlInfo, encodeCallback);
+            break;
+        default:
+            CHECK(false);  // Impossible to get here.
+    }
+}
+
+bool Item::operator==(const Item& other) const& {
+    if (type() != other.type()) return false;
+    switch (type()) {
+        case UINT:
+            return *asUint() == *(other.asUint());
+        case NINT:
+            return *asNint() == *(other.asNint());
+        case BSTR:
+            return *asBstr() == *(other.asBstr());
+        case TSTR:
+            return *asTstr() == *(other.asTstr());
+        case ARRAY:
+            return *asArray() == *(other.asArray());
+        case MAP:
+            return *asMap() == *(other.asMap());
+        case SIMPLE:
+            return *asSimple() == *(other.asSimple());
+        case SEMANTIC:
+            return *asSemantic() == *(other.asSemantic());
+        default:
+            CHECK(false);  // Impossible to get here.
+            return false;
+    }
+}
+
+Nint::Nint(int64_t v) : mValue(v) {
+    CHECK(v < 0) << "Only negative values allowed";
+}
+
+bool Simple::operator==(const Simple& other) const& {
+    if (simpleType() != other.simpleType()) return false;
+
+    switch (simpleType()) {
+        case BOOLEAN:
+            return *asBool() == *(other.asBool());
+        case NULL_T:
+            return true;
+        default:
+            CHECK(false);  // Impossible to get here.
+            return false;
+    }
+}
+
+uint8_t* Bstr::encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const {
+    pos = encodeHeader(mValue.size(), pos, end);
+    if (!pos || end - pos < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(mValue.size())) return nullptr;
+    return std::copy(mValue.begin(), mValue.end(), pos);
+}
+
+void Bstr::encodeValue(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const {
+    for (auto c : mValue) {
+        encodeCallback(c);
+    }
+}
+
+uint8_t* Tstr::encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const {
+    pos = encodeHeader(mValue.size(), pos, end);
+    if (!pos || end - pos < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(mValue.size())) return nullptr;
+    return std::copy(mValue.begin(), mValue.end(), pos);
+}
+
+void Tstr::encodeValue(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const {
+    for (auto c : mValue) {
+        encodeCallback(static_cast<uint8_t>(c));
+    }
+}
+
+bool CompoundItem::operator==(const CompoundItem& other) const& {
+    return type() == other.type()             //
+           && addlInfo() == other.addlInfo()  //
+           // Can't use vector::operator== because the contents are pointers.  std::equal lets us
+           // provide a predicate that does the dereferencing.
+           && std::equal(mEntries.begin(), mEntries.end(), other.mEntries.begin(),
+                         [](auto& a, auto& b) -> bool { return *a == *b; });
+}
+
+uint8_t* CompoundItem::encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const {
+    pos = encodeHeader(addlInfo(), pos, end);
+    if (!pos) return nullptr;
+    for (auto& entry : mEntries) {
+        pos = entry->encode(pos, end);
+        if (!pos) return nullptr;
+    }
+    return pos;
+}
+
+void CompoundItem::encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const {
+    encodeHeader(addlInfo(), encodeCallback);
+    for (auto& entry : mEntries) {
+        entry->encode(encodeCallback);
+    }
+}
+
+void Map::assertInvariant() const {
+    CHECK(mEntries.size() % 2 == 0);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<Item> Map::clone() const {
+    assertInvariant();
+    auto res = std::make_unique<Map>();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mEntries.size(); i += 2) {
+        res->add(mEntries[i]->clone(), mEntries[i + 1]->clone());
+    }
+    return res;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<Item> Array::clone() const {
+    auto res = std::make_unique<Array>();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mEntries.size(); i++) {
+        res->add(mEntries[i]->clone());
+    }
+    return res;
+}
+
+void Semantic::assertInvariant() const {
+    CHECK(mEntries.size() == 1);
+}
+
+}  // namespace cppbor
diff --git a/identity/support/src/cppbor_parse.cpp b/identity/support/src/cppbor_parse.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9ebb8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/src/cppbor_parse.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "cppbor_parse.h"
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <stack>
+
+#define LOG_TAG "CppBor"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+namespace cppbor {
+
+namespace {
+
+std::string insufficientLengthString(size_t bytesNeeded, size_t bytesAvail,
+                                     const std::string& type) {
+    std::stringstream errStream;
+    errStream << "Need " << bytesNeeded << " byte(s) for " << type << ", have " << bytesAvail
+              << ".";
+    return errStream.str();
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_unsigned_v<T>>>
+std::tuple<bool, uint64_t, const uint8_t*> parseLength(const uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end,
+                                                       ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    if (pos + sizeof(T) > end) {
+        parseClient->error(pos - 1, insufficientLengthString(sizeof(T), end - pos, "length field"));
+        return {false, 0, pos};
+    }
+
+    const uint8_t* intEnd = pos + sizeof(T);
+    T result = 0;
+    do {
+        result = static_cast<T>((result << 8) | *pos++);
+    } while (pos < intEnd);
+    return {true, result, pos};
+}
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> parseRecursively(const uint8_t* begin, const uint8_t* end,
+                                                          ParseClient* parseClient);
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleUint(uint64_t value, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                                    const uint8_t* hdrEnd,
+                                                    ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> item = std::make_unique<Uint>(value);
+    return {hdrEnd,
+            parseClient->item(item, hdrBegin, hdrEnd /* valueBegin */, hdrEnd /* itemEnd */)};
+}
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleNint(uint64_t value, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                                    const uint8_t* hdrEnd,
+                                                    ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    if (value > std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max()) {
+        parseClient->error(hdrBegin, "NINT values that don't fit in int64_t are not supported.");
+        return {hdrBegin, nullptr /* end parsing */};
+    }
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> item = std::make_unique<Nint>(-1 - static_cast<uint64_t>(value));
+    return {hdrEnd,
+            parseClient->item(item, hdrBegin, hdrEnd /* valueBegin */, hdrEnd /* itemEnd */)};
+}
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleBool(uint64_t value, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                                    const uint8_t* hdrEnd,
+                                                    ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> item = std::make_unique<Bool>(value == TRUE);
+    return {hdrEnd,
+            parseClient->item(item, hdrBegin, hdrEnd /* valueBegin */, hdrEnd /* itemEnd */)};
+}
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleNull(const uint8_t* hdrBegin, const uint8_t* hdrEnd,
+                                                    ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> item = std::make_unique<Null>();
+    return {hdrEnd,
+            parseClient->item(item, hdrBegin, hdrEnd /* valueBegin */, hdrEnd /* itemEnd */)};
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleString(uint64_t length, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                                      const uint8_t* valueBegin, const uint8_t* end,
+                                                      const std::string& errLabel,
+                                                      ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    if (end - valueBegin < static_cast<ssize_t>(length)) {
+        parseClient->error(hdrBegin, insufficientLengthString(length, end - valueBegin, errLabel));
+        return {hdrBegin, nullptr /* end parsing */};
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> item = std::make_unique<T>(valueBegin, valueBegin + length);
+    return {valueBegin + length,
+            parseClient->item(item, hdrBegin, valueBegin, valueBegin + length)};
+}
+
+class IncompleteItem {
+  public:
+    virtual ~IncompleteItem() {}
+    virtual void add(std::unique_ptr<Item> item) = 0;
+};
+
+class IncompleteArray : public Array, public IncompleteItem {
+  public:
+    IncompleteArray(size_t size) : mSize(size) {}
+
+    // We return the "complete" size, rather than the actual size.
+    size_t size() const override { return mSize; }
+
+    void add(std::unique_ptr<Item> item) override {
+        mEntries.reserve(mSize);
+        mEntries.push_back(std::move(item));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    size_t mSize;
+};
+
+class IncompleteMap : public Map, public IncompleteItem {
+  public:
+    IncompleteMap(size_t size) : mSize(size) {}
+
+    // We return the "complete" size, rather than the actual size.
+    size_t size() const override { return mSize; }
+
+    void add(std::unique_ptr<Item> item) override {
+        mEntries.reserve(mSize * 2);
+        mEntries.push_back(std::move(item));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    size_t mSize;
+};
+
+class IncompleteSemantic : public Semantic, public IncompleteItem {
+  public:
+    IncompleteSemantic(uint64_t value) : Semantic(value) {}
+
+    // We return the "complete" size, rather than the actual size.
+    size_t size() const override { return 1; }
+
+    void add(std::unique_ptr<Item> item) override {
+        mEntries.reserve(1);
+        mEntries.push_back(std::move(item));
+    }
+};
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleEntries(size_t entryCount, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                                       const uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end,
+                                                       const std::string& typeName,
+                                                       ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    while (entryCount > 0) {
+        --entryCount;
+        if (pos == end) {
+            parseClient->error(hdrBegin, "Not enough entries for " + typeName + ".");
+            return {hdrBegin, nullptr /* end parsing */};
+        }
+        std::tie(pos, parseClient) = parseRecursively(pos, end, parseClient);
+        if (!parseClient) return {hdrBegin, nullptr};
+    }
+    return {pos, parseClient};
+}
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleCompound(
+        std::unique_ptr<Item> item, uint64_t entryCount, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+        const uint8_t* valueBegin, const uint8_t* end, const std::string& typeName,
+        ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    parseClient =
+            parseClient->item(item, hdrBegin, valueBegin, valueBegin /* don't know the end yet */);
+    if (!parseClient) return {hdrBegin, nullptr};
+
+    const uint8_t* pos;
+    std::tie(pos, parseClient) =
+            handleEntries(entryCount, hdrBegin, valueBegin, end, typeName, parseClient);
+    if (!parseClient) return {hdrBegin, nullptr};
+
+    return {pos, parseClient->itemEnd(item, hdrBegin, valueBegin, pos)};
+}
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> parseRecursively(const uint8_t* begin, const uint8_t* end,
+                                                          ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    const uint8_t* pos = begin;
+
+    MajorType type = static_cast<MajorType>(*pos & 0xE0);
+    uint8_t tagInt = *pos & 0x1F;
+    ++pos;
+
+    bool success = true;
+    uint64_t addlData;
+    if (tagInt < ONE_BYTE_LENGTH || tagInt > EIGHT_BYTE_LENGTH) {
+        addlData = tagInt;
+    } else {
+        switch (tagInt) {
+            case ONE_BYTE_LENGTH:
+                std::tie(success, addlData, pos) = parseLength<uint8_t>(pos, end, parseClient);
+                break;
+
+            case TWO_BYTE_LENGTH:
+                std::tie(success, addlData, pos) = parseLength<uint16_t>(pos, end, parseClient);
+                break;
+
+            case FOUR_BYTE_LENGTH:
+                std::tie(success, addlData, pos) = parseLength<uint32_t>(pos, end, parseClient);
+                break;
+
+            case EIGHT_BYTE_LENGTH:
+                std::tie(success, addlData, pos) = parseLength<uint64_t>(pos, end, parseClient);
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                CHECK(false);  //  It's impossible to get here
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!success) return {begin, nullptr};
+
+    switch (type) {
+        case UINT:
+            return handleUint(addlData, begin, pos, parseClient);
+
+        case NINT:
+            return handleNint(addlData, begin, pos, parseClient);
+
+        case BSTR:
+            return handleString<Bstr>(addlData, begin, pos, end, "byte string", parseClient);
+
+        case TSTR:
+            return handleString<Tstr>(addlData, begin, pos, end, "text string", parseClient);
+
+        case ARRAY:
+            return handleCompound(std::make_unique<IncompleteArray>(addlData), addlData, begin, pos,
+                                  end, "array", parseClient);
+
+        case MAP:
+            return handleCompound(std::make_unique<IncompleteMap>(addlData), addlData * 2, begin,
+                                  pos, end, "map", parseClient);
+
+        case SEMANTIC:
+            return handleCompound(std::make_unique<IncompleteSemantic>(addlData), 1, begin, pos,
+                                  end, "semantic", parseClient);
+
+        case SIMPLE:
+            switch (addlData) {
+                case TRUE:
+                case FALSE:
+                    return handleBool(addlData, begin, pos, parseClient);
+                case NULL_V:
+                    return handleNull(begin, pos, parseClient);
+            }
+    }
+    CHECK(false);  // Impossible to get here.
+    return {};
+}
+
+class FullParseClient : public ParseClient {
+  public:
+    virtual ParseClient* item(std::unique_ptr<Item>& item, const uint8_t*, const uint8_t*,
+                              const uint8_t* end) override {
+        if (mParentStack.empty() && !item->isCompound()) {
+            // This is the first and only item.
+            mTheItem = std::move(item);
+            mPosition = end;
+            return nullptr;  //  We're done.
+        }
+
+        if (item->isCompound()) {
+            // Starting a new compound data item, i.e. a new parent.  Save it on the parent stack.
+            // It's safe to save a raw pointer because the unique_ptr is guaranteed to stay in
+            // existence until the corresponding itemEnd() call.
+            assert(dynamic_cast<CompoundItem*>(item.get()));
+            mParentStack.push(static_cast<CompoundItem*>(item.get()));
+            return this;
+        } else {
+            appendToLastParent(std::move(item));
+            return this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    virtual ParseClient* itemEnd(std::unique_ptr<Item>& item, const uint8_t*, const uint8_t*,
+                                 const uint8_t* end) override {
+        CHECK(item->isCompound() && item.get() == mParentStack.top());
+        mParentStack.pop();
+
+        if (mParentStack.empty()) {
+            mTheItem = std::move(item);
+            mPosition = end;
+            return nullptr;  // We're done
+        } else {
+            appendToLastParent(std::move(item));
+            return this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    virtual void error(const uint8_t* position, const std::string& errorMessage) override {
+        mPosition = position;
+        mErrorMessage = errorMessage;
+    }
+
+    std::tuple<std::unique_ptr<Item> /* result */, const uint8_t* /* newPos */,
+               std::string /* errMsg */>
+    parseResult() {
+        std::unique_ptr<Item> p = std::move(mTheItem);
+        return {std::move(p), mPosition, std::move(mErrorMessage)};
+    }
+
+  private:
+    void appendToLastParent(std::unique_ptr<Item> item) {
+        auto parent = mParentStack.top();
+        assert(dynamic_cast<IncompleteItem*>(parent));
+        if (parent->type() == ARRAY) {
+            static_cast<IncompleteArray*>(parent)->add(std::move(item));
+        } else if (parent->type() == MAP) {
+            static_cast<IncompleteMap*>(parent)->add(std::move(item));
+        } else if (parent->type() == SEMANTIC) {
+            static_cast<IncompleteSemantic*>(parent)->add(std::move(item));
+        } else {
+            CHECK(false);  // Impossible to get here.
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> mTheItem;
+    std::stack<CompoundItem*> mParentStack;
+    const uint8_t* mPosition = nullptr;
+    std::string mErrorMessage;
+};
+
+}  // anonymous namespace
+
+void parse(const uint8_t* begin, const uint8_t* end, ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    parseRecursively(begin, end, parseClient);
+}
+
+std::tuple<std::unique_ptr<Item> /* result */, const uint8_t* /* newPos */,
+           std::string /* errMsg */>
+parse(const uint8_t* begin, const uint8_t* end) {
+    FullParseClient parseClient;
+    parse(begin, end, &parseClient);
+    return parseClient.parseResult();
+}
+
+}  // namespace cppbor
diff --git a/identity/support/tests/IdentityCredentialSupportTest.cpp b/identity/support/tests/IdentityCredentialSupportTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c356549
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/tests/IdentityCredentialSupportTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,446 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <cppbor.h>
+#include <cppbor_parse.h>
+
+using std::optional;
+using std::string;
+using std::vector;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, encodeHex) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("", support::encodeHex(vector<uint8_t>({})));
+    EXPECT_EQ("01", support::encodeHex(vector<uint8_t>({1})));
+    EXPECT_EQ("000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f10",
+              support::encodeHex(
+                      vector<uint8_t>({0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16})));
+    EXPECT_EQ("0102ffe060", support::encodeHex(vector<uint8_t>({1, 2, 255, 224, 96})));
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, decodeHex) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(vector<uint8_t>({}), support::decodeHex(""));
+    EXPECT_EQ(vector<uint8_t>({1}), support::decodeHex("01"));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(vector<uint8_t>({0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16}),
+              support::decodeHex("000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f10"));
+
+    EXPECT_FALSE(support::decodeHex("0g"));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(support::decodeHex("0"));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(support::decodeHex("012"));
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CborPrettyPrint) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("'Some text'", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Tstr("Some text").encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("''", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Tstr("").encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("{0x01, 0x00, 0x02, 0xf0, 0xff, 0x40}",
+              support::cborPrettyPrint(
+                      cppbor::Bstr(vector<uint8_t>({1, 0, 2, 240, 255, 64})).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("{}", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Bstr(vector<uint8_t>()).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("true", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Bool(true).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("false", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Bool(false).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("42", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Uint(42).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("9223372036854775807",  // 0x7fff ffff ffff ffff
+              support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Uint(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max()).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("-42", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Nint(-42).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("-9223372036854775808",  // -0x8000 0000 0000 0000
+              support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Nint(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min()).encode()));
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CborPrettyPrintCompound) {
+    cppbor::Array array = cppbor::Array("foo", "bar", "baz");
+    EXPECT_EQ("['foo', 'bar', 'baz', ]", support::cborPrettyPrint(array.encode()));
+
+    cppbor::Map map = cppbor::Map().add("foo", 42).add("bar", 43).add("baz", 44);
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "{\n"
+            "  'foo' : 42,\n"
+            "  'bar' : 43,\n"
+            "  'baz' : 44,\n"
+            "}",
+            support::cborPrettyPrint(map.encode()));
+
+    cppbor::Array array2 = cppbor::Array(cppbor::Tstr("Some text"), cppbor::Nint(-42));
+    EXPECT_EQ("['Some text', -42, ]", support::cborPrettyPrint(array2.encode()));
+
+    cppbor::Map map2 = cppbor::Map().add(42, "foo").add(43, "bar").add(44, "baz");
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "{\n"
+            "  42 : 'foo',\n"
+            "  43 : 'bar',\n"
+            "  44 : 'baz',\n"
+            "}",
+            support::cborPrettyPrint(map2.encode()));
+
+    cppbor::Array deeplyNestedArrays =
+            cppbor::Array(cppbor::Array(cppbor::Array("a", "b", "c")),
+                          cppbor::Array(cppbor::Array("d", "e", cppbor::Array("f", "g"))));
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  ['a', 'b', 'c', ],\n"
+            "  [\n    'd',\n"
+            "    'e',\n"
+            "    ['f', 'g', ],\n"
+            "  ],\n"
+            "]",
+            support::cborPrettyPrint(deeplyNestedArrays.encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {0x0a, 0x0b},\n"
+            "  'foo',\n"
+            "  42,\n"
+            "  ['foo', 'bar', 'baz', ],\n"
+            "  {\n"
+            "    'foo' : 42,\n"
+            "    'bar' : 43,\n"
+            "    'baz' : 44,\n"
+            "  },\n"
+            "  {\n"
+            "    'deep1' : ['Some text', -42, ],\n"
+            "    'deep2' : {\n"
+            "      42 : 'foo',\n"
+            "      43 : 'bar',\n"
+            "      44 : 'baz',\n"
+            "    },\n"
+            "  },\n"
+            "]",
+            support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Array(cppbor::Bstr(vector<uint8_t>{10, 11}),
+                                                   cppbor::Tstr("foo"), cppbor::Uint(42),
+                                                   std::move(array), std::move(map),
+                                                   (cppbor::Map()
+                                                            .add("deep1", std::move(array2))
+                                                            .add("deep2", std::move(map2))))
+                                             .encode()));
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, Signatures) {
+    vector<uint8_t> data = {1, 2, 3};
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(keyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(privKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pubKey);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signature = support::signEcDsa(privKey.value(), data);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+            support::checkEcDsaSignature(support::sha256(data), signature.value(), pubKey.value()));
+
+    // Manipulate the signature, check that verification fails.
+    vector<uint8_t> modifiedSignature = signature.value();
+    modifiedSignature[0] ^= 0xff;
+    ASSERT_FALSE(
+            support::checkEcDsaSignature(support::sha256(data), modifiedSignature, pubKey.value()));
+
+    // Manipulate the data being checked, check that verification fails.
+    vector<uint8_t> modifiedDigest = support::sha256(data);
+    modifiedDigest[0] ^= 0xff;
+    ASSERT_FALSE(support::checkEcDsaSignature(modifiedDigest, signature.value(), pubKey.value()));
+}
+
+string replaceLine(const string& str, ssize_t lineNumber, const string& replacement) {
+    vector<string> lines;
+    std::istringstream f(str);
+    string s;
+    while (std::getline(f, s, '\n')) {
+        lines.push_back(s);
+    }
+
+    size_t numLines = lines.size();
+    if (lineNumber < 0) {
+        lineNumber = numLines - (-lineNumber);
+    }
+
+    string ret;
+    size_t n = 0;
+    for (const string& line : lines) {
+        if (n == lineNumber) {
+            ret += replacement + "\n";
+        } else {
+            ret += line + "\n";
+        }
+        n++;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CoseSignatures) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(keyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(privKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pubKey);
+
+    vector<uint8_t> data = {1, 2, 3};
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSign1 = support::coseSignEcDsa(
+            privKey.value(), data, {} /* detachedContent */, {} /* x5chain */);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(support::coseCheckEcDsaSignature(coseSign1.value(), {} /* detachedContent */,
+                                                 pubKey.value()));
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> payload = support::coseSignGetPayload(coseSign1.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(payload);
+    ASSERT_EQ(data, payload.value());
+
+    // Finally, check that |coseSign1| are the bytes of a valid COSE_Sign1 message
+    string out = support::cborPrettyPrint(coseSign1.value());
+    out = replaceLine(out, -2, "  [] // Signature Removed");
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {0xa1, 0x01, 0x26},\n"  // Bytes of {1:-7} 1 is 'alg' label and -7 is "ECDSA 256"
+            "  {},\n"
+            "  {0x01, 0x02, 0x03},\n"
+            "  [] // Signature Removed\n"
+            "]\n",
+            out);
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CoseSignaturesAdditionalData) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(keyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(privKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pubKey);
+
+    vector<uint8_t> detachedContent = {1, 2, 3};
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSign1 = support::coseSignEcDsa(privKey.value(), {} /* data */,
+                                                                 detachedContent, {} /* x5chain */);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+            support::coseCheckEcDsaSignature(coseSign1.value(), detachedContent, pubKey.value()));
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> payload = support::coseSignGetPayload(coseSign1.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(payload);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, payload.value().size());
+
+    // Finally, check that |coseSign1| are the bytes of a valid COSE_Sign1 message
+    string out = support::cborPrettyPrint(coseSign1.value());
+    out = replaceLine(out, -2, "  [] // Signature Removed");
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {0xa1, 0x01, 0x26},\n"  // Bytes of {1:-7} 1 is 'alg' label and -7 is "ECDSA 256"
+            "  {},\n"
+            "  null,\n"
+            "  [] // Signature Removed\n"
+            "]\n",
+            out);
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> generateCertChain(size_t numCerts) {
+    vector<vector<uint8_t>> certs;
+
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < numCerts; n++) {
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> cert = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+                pubKey.value(), privKey.value(), "0001", "someIssuer", "someSubject", 0, 0);
+        certs.push_back(cert.value());
+    }
+    return support::certificateChainJoin(certs);
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CoseSignaturesX5ChainWithSingleCert) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(keyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(privKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pubKey);
+
+    vector<uint8_t> certChain = generateCertChain(1);
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> splitCerts = support::certificateChainSplit(certChain);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, splitCerts.value().size());
+
+    vector<uint8_t> detachedContent = {1, 2, 3};
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSign1 =
+            support::coseSignEcDsa(privKey.value(), {} /* data */, detachedContent, certChain);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+            support::coseCheckEcDsaSignature(coseSign1.value(), detachedContent, pubKey.value()));
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> payload = support::coseSignGetPayload(coseSign1.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(payload);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, payload.value().size());
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> certsRecovered = support::coseSignGetX5Chain(coseSign1.value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(certsRecovered.value(), certChain);
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CoseSignaturesX5ChainWithMultipleCerts) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(keyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(privKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pubKey);
+
+    vector<uint8_t> certChain = generateCertChain(5);
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> splitCerts = support::certificateChainSplit(certChain);
+    ASSERT_EQ(5, splitCerts.value().size());
+
+    vector<uint8_t> detachedContent = {1, 2, 3};
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSign1 =
+            support::coseSignEcDsa(privKey.value(), {} /* data */, detachedContent, certChain);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+            support::coseCheckEcDsaSignature(coseSign1.value(), detachedContent, pubKey.value()));
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> payload = support::coseSignGetPayload(coseSign1.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(payload);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, payload.value().size());
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> certsRecovered = support::coseSignGetX5Chain(coseSign1.value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(certsRecovered.value(), certChain);
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CertificateChain) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(keyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(privKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pubKey);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> cert = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+            pubKey.value(), privKey.value(), "0001", "someIssuer", "someSubject", 0, 0);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> extractedPubKey =
+            support::certificateChainGetTopMostKey(cert.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(extractedPubKey);
+    ASSERT_EQ(pubKey.value(), extractedPubKey.value());
+
+    // We expect to the chain returned by ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate() to only have a
+    // single element
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> splitCerts = support::certificateChainSplit(cert.value());
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, splitCerts.value().size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(splitCerts.value()[0], cert.value());
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> otherKeyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(otherKeyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> otherPrivKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(otherPrivKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> otherPubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(otherPubKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> otherCert = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+            otherPubKey.value(), privKey.value(), "0001", "someIssuer", "someSubject", 0, 0);
+
+    // Now both cert and otherCert are two distinct certificates. Let's make a
+    // chain and check that certificateChainSplit() works as expected.
+    ASSERT_NE(cert.value(), otherCert.value());
+    const vector<vector<uint8_t>> certs2 = {cert.value(), otherCert.value()};
+    vector<uint8_t> certs2combined = support::certificateChainJoin(certs2);
+    ASSERT_EQ(certs2combined.size(), cert.value().size() + otherCert.value().size());
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> splitCerts2 = support::certificateChainSplit(certs2combined);
+    ASSERT_EQ(certs2, splitCerts2.value());
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> strToVec(const string& str) {
+    vector<uint8_t> ret;
+    size_t size = str.size();
+    ret.resize(size);
+    memcpy(ret.data(), str.data(), size);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+// Test vector from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, hmacSha256) {
+    vector<uint8_t> key = strToVec("key");
+    vector<uint8_t> data = strToVec("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog");
+
+    vector<uint8_t> expected =
+            support::decodeHex("f7bc83f430538424b13298e6aa6fb143ef4d59a14946175997479dbc2d1a3cd8")
+                    .value();
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> hmac = support::hmacSha256(key, data);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(hmac);
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, hmac.value());
+}
+
+// See also CoseMac0 test in UtilUnitTest.java inside cts/tests/tests/identity/
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CoseMac0) {
+    vector<uint8_t> key;
+    key.resize(32);
+    vector<uint8_t> data = {0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13};
+    vector<uint8_t> detachedContent = {};
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> mac = support::coseMac0(key, data, detachedContent);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mac);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {0xa1, 0x01, 0x05},\n"
+            "  {},\n"
+            "  {0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13},\n"
+            "  {0x6c, 0xec, 0xb5, 0x6a, 0xc9, 0x5c, 0xae, 0x3b, 0x41, 0x13, 0xde, 0xa4, 0xd8, "
+            "0x86, 0x5c, 0x28, 0x2c, 0xd5, 0xa5, 0x13, 0xff, 0x3b, 0xd1, 0xde, 0x70, 0x5e, 0xbb, "
+            "0xe2, 0x2d, 0x42, 0xbe, 0x53},\n"
+            "]",
+            support::cborPrettyPrint(mac.value()));
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CoseMac0DetachedContent) {
+    vector<uint8_t> key;
+    key.resize(32);
+    vector<uint8_t> data = {};
+    vector<uint8_t> detachedContent = {0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13};
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> mac = support::coseMac0(key, data, detachedContent);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mac);
+
+    // Same HMAC as in CoseMac0 test, only difference is that payload is null.
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {0xa1, 0x01, 0x05},\n"
+            "  {},\n"
+            "  null,\n"
+            "  {0x6c, 0xec, 0xb5, 0x6a, 0xc9, 0x5c, 0xae, 0x3b, 0x41, 0x13, 0xde, 0xa4, 0xd8, "
+            "0x86, 0x5c, 0x28, 0x2c, 0xd5, 0xa5, 0x13, 0xff, 0x3b, 0xd1, 0xde, 0x70, 0x5e, 0xbb, "
+            "0xe2, 0x2d, 0x42, 0xbe, 0x53},\n"
+            "]",
+            support::cborPrettyPrint(mac.value()));
+}
+
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/identity/support/tests/cppbor_test.cpp b/identity/support/tests/cppbor_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3eb5598
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/tests/cppbor_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1013 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <sstream>
+
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "cppbor.h"
+#include "cppbor_parse.h"
+
+using namespace cppbor;
+using namespace std;
+
+using ::testing::_;
+using ::testing::AllOf;
+using ::testing::ByRef;
+using ::testing::InSequence;
+using ::testing::IsNull;
+using ::testing::NotNull;
+using ::testing::Return;
+using ::testing::Truly;
+using ::testing::Unused;
+
+string hexDump(const string& str) {
+    stringstream s;
+    for (auto c : str) {
+        s << setfill('0') << setw(2) << hex << (static_cast<unsigned>(c) & 0xff);
+    }
+    return s.str();
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueTest, UnsignedValueSizes) {
+    // Check that unsigned integers encode to correct lengths, and that encodedSize() is correct.
+    vector<pair<uint64_t /* value */, size_t /* expected encoded size */>> testCases{
+            {0, 1},
+            {1, 1},
+            {23, 1},
+            {24, 2},
+            {255, 2},
+            {256, 3},
+            {65535, 3},
+            {65536, 5},
+            {4294967295, 5},
+            {4294967296, 9},
+            {std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(), 9},
+    };
+    for (auto& testCase : testCases) {
+        Uint val(testCase.first);
+        EXPECT_EQ(testCase.second, val.encodedSize()) << "Wrong size for value " << testCase.first;
+        EXPECT_EQ(val.encodedSize(), val.toString().size())
+                << "encodedSize and encoding disagree for value " << testCase.first;
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueTest, UnsignedValueEncodings) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, Uint(0u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x01"s, Uint(1u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x0a"s, Uint(10u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x17"s, Uint(23u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x18\x18"s, Uint(24u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x18\x19"s, Uint(25u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x18\x64"s, Uint(100u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x19\x03\xe8"s, Uint(1000u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x1a\x00\x0f\x42\x40"s, Uint(1000000u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x1b\x00\x00\x00\xe8\xd4\xa5\x10\x00"s, Uint(1000000000000u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x1B\x7f\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff"s,
+              Uint(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max()).toString());
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueTest, NegativeValueEncodings) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x20"s, Nint(-1).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x28"s, Nint(-9).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x29"s, Nint(-10).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x36"s, Nint(-23).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x37"s, Nint(-24).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x38\x18"s, Nint(-25).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x38\x62"s, Nint(-99).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x38\x63"s, Nint(-100).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x39\x03\xe6"s, Nint(-999).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x39\x03\xe7"s, Nint(-1000).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x3a\x00\x0f\x42\x3F"s, Nint(-1000000).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x3b\x00\x00\x00\xe8\xd4\xa5\x0f\xff"s, Nint(-1000000000000).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x3B\x7f\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff"s,
+              Nint(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min()).toString());
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueDeathTest, NegativeValueEncodings) {
+    EXPECT_DEATH(Nint(0), "");
+    EXPECT_DEATH(Nint(1), "");
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueTest, BooleanEncodings) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xf4"s, Bool(false).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xf5"s, Bool(true).toString());
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueTest, ByteStringEncodings) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x40", Bstr("").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x41\x61", Bstr("a").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x41\x41", Bstr("A").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x44\x49\x45\x54\x46", Bstr("IETF").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x42\x22\x5c", Bstr("\"\\").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x42\xc3\xbc", Bstr("\xc3\xbc").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\xe6\xb0\xb4", Bstr("\xe6\xb0\xb4").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x44\xf0\x90\x85\x91", Bstr("\xf0\x90\x85\x91").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x44\x01\x02\x03\x04", Bstr("\x01\x02\x03\x04").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x44\x40\x40\x40\x40", Bstr("@@@@").toString());
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueTest, TextStringEncodings) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x60"s, Tstr("").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x61\x61"s, Tstr("a").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x61\x41"s, Tstr("A").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x64\x49\x45\x54\x46"s, Tstr("IETF").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x62\x22\x5c"s, Tstr("\"\\").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x62\xc3\xbc"s, Tstr("\xc3\xbc").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x63\xe6\xb0\xb4"s, Tstr("\xe6\xb0\xb4").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x64\xf0\x90\x85\x91"s, Tstr("\xf0\x90\x85\x91").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x64\x01\x02\x03\x04"s, Tstr("\x01\x02\x03\x04").toString());
+}
+
+TEST(IsIteratorPairOverTest, All) {
+    EXPECT_TRUE((
+            details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<string::iterator, string::iterator>, char>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<string::const_iterator, string::iterator>,
+                                                char>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<string::iterator, string::const_iterator>,
+                                                char>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<char*, char*>, char>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<const char*, char*>, char>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<char*, const char*>, char>::value));
+    EXPECT_FALSE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<string::iterator, string::iterator>,
+                                                 uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_FALSE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<char*, char*>, uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<
+                 pair<vector<uint8_t>::iterator, vector<uint8_t>::iterator>, uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<
+                 pair<vector<uint8_t>::const_iterator, vector<uint8_t>::iterator>,
+                 uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<
+                 pair<vector<uint8_t>::iterator, vector<uint8_t>::const_iterator>,
+                 uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<uint8_t*, uint8_t*>, uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<const uint8_t*, uint8_t*>, uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<uint8_t*, const uint8_t*>, uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_FALSE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<
+                  pair<vector<uint8_t>::iterator, vector<uint8_t>::iterator>, char>::value));
+    EXPECT_FALSE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<uint8_t*, const uint8_t*>, char>::value));
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, Boolean) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xf4"s, details::makeItem(false)->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, Integers) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<uint8_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<uint16_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<uint32_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<uint64_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int8_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int16_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int32_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int64_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x20"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int8_t>(-1))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x20"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int16_t>(-1))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x20"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int32_t>(-1))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x20"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int64_t>(-1))->toString());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x1b\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff"s,
+              details::makeItem(static_cast<uint64_t>(std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()))
+                      ->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, StdStrings) {
+    string s1("hello");
+    const string s2("hello");
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(s1)->toString());  // copy of string
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s,
+              details::makeItem(s2)->toString());  // copy of const string
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s,
+              details::makeItem(std::move(s1))->toString());  // move string
+    EXPECT_EQ(0U, s1.size());                                 // Prove string was moved, not copied.
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, StdStringViews) {
+    string_view s1("hello");
+    const string_view s2("hello");
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(s1)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(s2)->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, CStrings) {
+    char s1[] = "hello";
+    const char s2[] = "hello";
+    const char* s3 = "hello";
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(s1)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(s2)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(s3)->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, StringIteratorPairs) {
+    // Use iterators from string to prove that "real" iterators work
+    string s1 = "hello"s;
+    pair<string::iterator, string::iterator> p1 = make_pair(s1.begin(), s1.end());
+
+    const pair<string::iterator, string::iterator> p2 = p1;
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(p1)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(p2)->toString());
+
+    // Use char*s  as iterators
+    const char* s2 = "hello";
+    pair p3 = make_pair(s2, s2 + 5);
+    const pair p4 = p3;
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(p3)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(p4)->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, ByteStrings) {
+    vector<uint8_t> v1 = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02};
+    const vector<uint8_t> v2 = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02};
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(v1)->toString());  // copy of vector
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(v2)->toString());  // copy of const vector
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(std::move(v1))->toString());  // move vector
+    EXPECT_EQ(0U, v1.size());  // Prove vector was moved, not copied.
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, ByteStringIteratorPairs) {
+    using vec = vector<uint8_t>;
+    using iter = vec::iterator;
+    vec v1 = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02};
+    pair<iter, iter> p1 = make_pair(v1.begin(), v1.end());
+    const pair<iter, iter> p2 = make_pair(v1.begin(), v1.end());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(p1)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(p2)->toString());
+
+    // Use uint8_t*s as iterators
+    uint8_t v2[] = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02};
+    uint8_t* v3 = v2;
+    pair<uint8_t*, uint8_t*> p3 = make_pair(v2, v2 + 3);
+    const pair<uint8_t*, uint8_t*> p4 = make_pair(v2, v2 + 3);
+    pair<uint8_t*, uint8_t*> p5 = make_pair(v3, v3 + 3);
+    const pair<uint8_t*, uint8_t*> p6 = make_pair(v3, v3 + 3);
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(p3)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(p4)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(p5)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(p6)->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, ByteStringBuffers) {
+    uint8_t v1[] = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02};
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(make_pair(v1, 3))->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, ItemPointer) {
+    Uint* p1 = new Uint(0);
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(p1)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x60"s, details::makeItem(new Tstr(string()))->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, ItemReference) {
+    Tstr str("hello"s);
+    Tstr& strRef = str;
+    const Tstr& strConstRef = str;
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(str)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(strRef)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(strConstRef)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(std::move(str))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x60"s, details::makeItem(str)->toString());  // Prove that it moved
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(Uint(0))->toString());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s,
+              details::makeItem(Bstr(vector<uint8_t>{0x00, 0x01, 0x02}))->toString());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x80"s, details::makeItem(Array())->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xa0"s, details::makeItem(Map())->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(CompoundValueTest, ArrayOfInts) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x80"s, Array().toString());
+    Array(Uint(0)).toString();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x81\x00"s, Array(Uint(0U)).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x82\x00\x01"s, Array(Uint(0), Uint(1)).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x83\x00\x01\x38\x62"s, Array(Uint(0), Uint(1), Nint(-99)).toString());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x81\x00"s, Array(0).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x82\x00\x01"s, Array(0, 1).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x83\x00\x01\x38\x62"s, Array(0, 1, -99).toString());
+}
+
+TEST(CompoundValueTest, MapOfInts) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xA0"s, Map().toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xA1\x00\x01"s, Map(Uint(0), Uint(1)).toString());
+    // Maps with an odd number of arguments will fail to compile.  Uncomment the next lines to test.
+    // EXPECT_EQ("\xA1\x00"s, Map(Int(0)).toString());
+    // EXPECT_EQ("\xA1\x00\x01\x02"s, Map(Int(0), Int(1), Int(2)).toString());
+}
+
+TEST(CompoundValueTest, MixedArray) {
+    vector<uint8_t> vec = {3, 2, 1};
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x84\x01\x20\x43\x03\x02\x01\x65\x68\x65\x6C\x6C\x6F"s,
+              Array(Uint(1), Nint(-1), Bstr(vec), Tstr("hello")).toString());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x84\x01\x20\x43\x03\x02\x01\x65\x68\x65\x6C\x6C\x6F"s,
+              Array(1, -1, vec, "hello").toString());
+}
+
+TEST(CompoundValueTest, MixedMap) {
+    vector<uint8_t> vec = {3, 2, 1};
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xA2\x01\x20\x43\x03\x02\x01\x65\x68\x65\x6C\x6C\x6F"s,
+              Map(Uint(1), Nint(-1), Bstr(vec), Tstr("hello")).toString());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xA2\x01\x20\x43\x03\x02\x01\x65\x68\x65\x6C\x6C\x6F"s,
+              Map(1, -1, vec, "hello").toString());
+}
+
+TEST(CompoundValueTest, NestedStructures) {
+    vector<uint8_t> vec = {3, 2, 1};
+
+    string expectedEncoding =
+            "\xA2\x66\x4F\x75\x74\x65\x72\x31\x82\xA2\x66\x49\x6E\x6E\x65\x72\x31\x18\x63\x66\x49"
+            "\x6E"
+            "\x6E\x65\x72\x32\x43\x03\x02\x01\x63\x66\x6F\x6F\x66\x4F\x75\x74\x65\x72\x32\x0A"s;
+
+    // Do it with explicitly-created Items
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedEncoding,
+              Map(Tstr("Outer1"),
+                  Array(  //
+                          Map(Tstr("Inner1"), Uint(99), Tstr("Inner2"), Bstr(vec)), Tstr("foo")),
+                  Tstr("Outer2"),  //
+                  Uint(10))
+                      .toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ(3U, vec.size());
+
+    // Now just use convertible types
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedEncoding, Map("Outer1",
+                                    Array(Map("Inner1", 99,  //
+                                              "Inner2", vec),
+                                          "foo"),
+                                    "Outer2", 10)
+                                        .toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ(3U, vec.size());
+
+    // Finally, do it with the .add() method.  This is slightly less efficient, but has the
+    // advantage you can build a structure up incrementally, or somewhat fluently if you like.
+    // First, fluently.
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedEncoding, Map().add("Outer1", Array().add(Map()  //
+                                                                        .add("Inner1", 99)
+                                                                        .add("Inner2", vec))
+                                                            .add("foo"))
+                                        .add("Outer2", 10)
+                                        .toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ(3U, vec.size());
+
+    // Next, more incrementally
+    Array arr;
+    arr.add(Map()  //
+                    .add("Inner1", 99)
+                    .add("Inner2", vec))
+            .add("foo");
+    EXPECT_EQ(3U, vec.size());
+
+    Map m;
+    m.add("Outer1", std::move(arr));  // Moving is necessary; Map and Array cannot be copied.
+    m.add("Outer2", 10);
+    auto s = m.toString();
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedEncoding, s);
+}
+
+TEST(EncodingMethodsTest, AllVariants) {
+    Map map;
+    map.add("key1", Array().add(Map()  //
+                                        .add("key_a", 9999999)
+                                        .add("key_b", std::vector<uint8_t>{0x01, 0x02, 0x03})
+                                        .add("key_c", std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max())
+                                        .add("key_d", std::numeric_limits<int16_t>::min()))
+                            .add("foo"))
+            .add("key2", true);
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buf;
+    buf.resize(map.encodedSize());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(buf.data() + buf.size(), map.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(buf, map.encode());
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buf2;
+    map.encode(std::back_inserter(buf2));
+    EXPECT_EQ(buf, buf2);
+
+    auto iter = buf.begin();
+    map.encode([&](uint8_t c) { EXPECT_EQ(c, *iter++); });
+}
+
+TEST(EncodingMethodsTest, UintWithTooShortBuf) {
+    Uint val(100000);
+    vector<uint8_t> buf(val.encodedSize() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, val.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+}
+
+TEST(EncodingMethodsTest, TstrWithTooShortBuf) {
+    Tstr val("01234567890123456789012345"s);
+    vector<uint8_t> buf(1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, val.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+
+    buf.resize(val.encodedSize() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, val.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+}
+
+TEST(EncodingMethodsTest, BstrWithTooShortBuf) {
+    Bstr val("01234567890123456789012345"s);
+    vector<uint8_t> buf(1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, val.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+
+    buf.resize(val.encodedSize() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, val.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+}
+
+TEST(EncodingMethodsTest, ArrayWithTooShortBuf) {
+    Array val("a", 5, -100);
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buf(val.encodedSize() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, val.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+}
+
+TEST(EncodingMethodsTest, MapWithTooShortBuf) {
+    Map map;
+    map.add("key1", Array().add(Map()  //
+                                        .add("key_a", 99)
+                                        .add("key_b", std::vector<uint8_t>{0x01, 0x02, 0x03}))
+                            .add("foo"))
+            .add("key2", true);
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buf(map.encodedSize() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, map.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Uint) {
+    Uint val(99);
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Uint(99));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(98));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(false));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Nint) {
+    Nint val(-1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Nint(-1));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-4));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(false));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Tstr) {
+    Tstr val("99");
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Tstr("99"));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-4));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("98"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(false));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Bstr) {
+    Bstr val("99");
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Bstr("99"));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-4));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("98"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(false));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Bool) {
+    Bool val(false);
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Bool(false));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-4));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("98"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(true));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Array) {
+    Array val(99, 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Array(99, 1));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-4));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("98"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(true));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 2));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(98, 1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 1, 2));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Map) {
+    Map val(99, 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Map(99, 1));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-4));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("98"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(true));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 2));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1, 99, 2));
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Uint) {
+    unique_ptr<Item> item = details::makeItem(10);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(UINT, item->type());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(10, item->asInt()->value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(10, item->asUint()->value());
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Nint) {
+    unique_ptr<Item> item = details::makeItem(-10);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(NINT, item->type());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(-10, item->asInt()->value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(-10, item->asNint()->value());
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Tstr) {
+    unique_ptr<Item> item = details::makeItem("hello");
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(TSTR, item->type());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("hello"s, item->asTstr()->value());
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Bstr) {
+    vector<uint8_t> vec{0x23, 0x24, 0x22};
+    unique_ptr<Item> item = details::makeItem(vec);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(BSTR, item->type());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(vec, item->asBstr()->value());
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Bool) {
+    unique_ptr<Item> item = details::makeItem(false);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(SIMPLE, item->type());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(BOOLEAN, item->asSimple()->simpleType());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asSimple()->asBool());
+
+    EXPECT_FALSE(item->asSimple()->asBool()->value());
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Map) {
+    unique_ptr<Item> item(new Map);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(MAP, item->type());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(0U, item->asMap()->size());
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Array) {
+    unique_ptr<Item> item(new Array);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(ARRAY, item->type());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(0U, item->asArray()->size());
+}
+
+class MockParseClient : public ParseClient {
+  public:
+    MOCK_METHOD4(item, ParseClient*(std::unique_ptr<Item>& item, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                    const uint8_t* valueBegin, const uint8_t* end));
+    MOCK_METHOD4(itemEnd, ParseClient*(std::unique_ptr<Item>& item, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                       const uint8_t* valueBegin, const uint8_t* end));
+    MOCK_METHOD2(error, void(const uint8_t* position, const std::string& errorMessage));
+};
+
+MATCHER_P(IsType, value, std::string("Type ") + (negation ? "doesn't match" : "matches")) {
+    return arg->type() == value;
+}
+
+MATCHER_P(MatchesItem, value, "") {
+    return arg && *arg == value;
+}
+
+MATCHER_P(IsArrayOfSize, value, "") {
+    return arg->type() == ARRAY && arg->asArray()->size() == value;
+}
+
+MATCHER_P(IsMapOfSize, value, "") {
+    return arg->type() == MAP && arg->asMap()->size() == value;
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Uint) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Uint val(100);
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(val), encBegin, encEnd, encEnd)).WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _)).Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Nint) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Nint val(-10);
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(val), encBegin, encEnd, encEnd)).WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _)).Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Bool) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Bool val(true);
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(val), encBegin, encEnd, encEnd)).WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _)).Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Tstr) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Tstr val("Hello");
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(val), encBegin, encBegin + 1, encEnd)).WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _)).Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Bstr) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Bstr val("Hello");
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(val), encBegin, encBegin + 1, encEnd)).WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _)).Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Array) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Array val("Hello", 4, Array(-9, "Goodbye"), std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+    ASSERT_NE(val[2]->asArray(), nullptr);
+    const Array& interior = *(val[2]->asArray());
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    {
+        InSequence s;
+        const uint8_t* pos = encBegin;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(IsArrayOfSize(val.size()), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*val[0])), pos, pos + 1, pos + 6))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        pos += 6;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*val[1])), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        const uint8_t* innerArrayBegin = pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(IsArrayOfSize(interior.size()), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*interior[0])), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*interior[1])), pos, pos + 1, pos + 8))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        pos += 8;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(IsArrayOfSize(interior.size()), innerArrayBegin,
+                                 innerArrayBegin + 1, pos))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*val[3])), pos, pos + 9, pos + 9))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(IsArrayOfSize(val.size()), encBegin, encBegin + 1, encEnd))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+    }
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _))  //
+            .Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Map) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Map val("Hello", 4, Array(-9, "Goodbye"), std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+    ASSERT_NE(val[1].first->asArray(), nullptr);
+    const Array& interior = *(val[1].first->asArray());
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    {
+        InSequence s;
+        const uint8_t* pos = encBegin;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(_, pos, pos + 1, pos + 1)).WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*val[0].first)), pos, pos + 1, pos + 6))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        pos += 6;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*val[0].second)), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        const uint8_t* innerArrayBegin = pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(IsArrayOfSize(interior.size()), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*interior[0])), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*interior[1])), pos, pos + 1, pos + 8))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        pos += 8;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(IsArrayOfSize(interior.size()), innerArrayBegin,
+                                 innerArrayBegin + 1, pos))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*val[1].second)), pos, pos + 9, pos + 9))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(IsMapOfSize(val.size()), encBegin, encBegin + 1, encEnd))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+    }
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _))  //
+            .Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Semantic) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    vector<uint8_t> encoded;
+    auto iter = back_inserter(encoded);
+    encodeHeader(SEMANTIC, 0, iter);
+    Uint(999).encode(iter);
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(encoded.data(), "Semantic tags not supported"));
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Uint) {
+    Uint val(10);
+
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(val.encode());
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(val));
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Nint) {
+    Nint val(-10);
+
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(val.encode());
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(val));
+
+    vector<uint8_t> minNint = {0x3B, 0x7F, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF};
+
+    std::tie(item, pos, message) = parse(minNint);
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, NotNull());
+    EXPECT_EQ(item->asNint()->value(), std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min());
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, NintOutOfRange) {
+    vector<uint8_t> outOfRangeNint = {0x3B, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF};
+
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(outOfRangeNint);
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, IsNull());
+    EXPECT_EQ(pos, outOfRangeNint.data());
+    EXPECT_EQ(message, "NINT values that don't fit in int64_t are not supported.");
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Tstr) {
+    Tstr val("Hello");
+
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(val.encode());
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(val));
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Bstr) {
+    Bstr val("\x00\x01\0x02"s);
+
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(val.encode());
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(val));
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Array) {
+    Array val("hello", -4, 3);
+
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(encoded);
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(ByRef(val)));
+    EXPECT_EQ(pos, encoded.data() + encoded.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ("", message);
+
+    // We've already checked it all, but walk it just for fun.
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, item->asArray());
+    const Array& arr = *(item->asArray());
+    ASSERT_EQ(arr[0]->type(), TSTR);
+    EXPECT_EQ(arr[0]->asTstr()->value(), "hello");
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Map) {
+    Map val("hello", -4, 3, Bstr("hi"));
+
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(val.encode());
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(ByRef(val)));
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Complex) {
+    vector<uint8_t> vec = {0x01, 0x02, 0x08, 0x03};
+    Map val("Outer1",
+            Array(Map("Inner1", 99,  //
+                      "Inner2", vec),
+                  "foo"),
+            "Outer2", 10);
+
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> item;
+    const uint8_t* pos;
+    std::string message;
+    std::tie(item, pos, message) = parse(val.encode());
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(ByRef(val)));
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, IncompleteUint) {
+    Uint val(1000);
+
+    auto encoding = val.encode();
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(encoding.data(), encoding.size() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoding.data(), pos);
+    EXPECT_EQ("Need 2 byte(s) for length field, have 1.", message);
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, IncompleteString) {
+    Tstr val("hello");
+
+    auto encoding = val.encode();
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(encoding.data(), encoding.size() - 2);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoding.data(), pos);
+    EXPECT_EQ("Need 5 byte(s) for text string, have 3.", message);
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, ArrayWithInsufficientEntries) {
+    Array val(1, 2, 3, 4);
+
+    auto encoding = val.encode();
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(encoding.data(), encoding.size() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoding.data(), pos);
+    EXPECT_EQ("Not enough entries for array.", message);
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, ArrayWithTruncatedEntry) {
+    Array val(1, 2, 3, 400000);
+
+    auto encoding = val.encode();
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(encoding.data(), encoding.size() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoding.data() + encoding.size() - 5, pos);
+    EXPECT_EQ("Need 4 byte(s) for length field, have 3.", message);
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, MapWithTruncatedEntry) {
+    Map val(1, 2, 300000, 4);
+
+    auto encoding = val.encode();
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(encoding.data(), encoding.size() - 2);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoding.data() + 3, pos);
+    EXPECT_EQ("Need 4 byte(s) for length field, have 3.", message);
+}
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 69aa56d..36a6861 100644
--- a/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -29,5 +29,5 @@
         "libcrypto_static",
         "libsoftkeymasterdevice",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71e41fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalKeymasterV3_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalKeymasterV3_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalKeymasterV3_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalKeymasterV3_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="900000"/>
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index ccb5622..ae32764 100644
--- a/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -25,17 +25,15 @@
 
 #include <android/hardware/keymaster/3.0/IKeymasterDevice.h>
 #include <android/hardware/keymaster/3.0/types.h>
-
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
-
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <keymaster/keymaster_configuration.h>
 
 #include "authorization_set.h"
 #include "key_param_output.h"
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
-
 #include "attestation_record.h"
 #include "openssl_utils.h"
 
@@ -413,33 +411,19 @@
 
 }  // namespace
 
-// Test environment for Keymaster HIDL HAL.
-class KeymasterHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static KeymasterHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static KeymasterHidlEnvironment* instance = new KeymasterHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IKeymasterDevice>(); }
-   private:
-    KeymasterHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
-class KeymasterHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class KeymasterHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
     void TearDown() override {
         if (key_blob_.size()) {
             CheckedDeleteKey();
         }
         AbortIfNeeded();
+
+        keymaster_.clear();
     }
 
-    // SetUpTestCase runs only once per test case, not once per test.
-    static void SetUpTestCase() {
-        keymaster_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IKeymasterDevice>(
-            KeymasterHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IKeymasterDevice>());
+    void SetUp() override {
+        keymaster_ = IKeymasterDevice::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(keymaster_, nullptr);
 
         ASSERT_TRUE(
@@ -461,11 +445,9 @@
         os_patch_level_ = ::keymaster::GetOsPatchlevel();
     }
 
-    static void TearDownTestCase() { keymaster_.clear(); }
-
-    static IKeymasterDevice& keymaster() { return *keymaster_; }
-    static uint32_t os_version() { return os_version_; }
-    static uint32_t os_patch_level() { return os_patch_level_; }
+    IKeymasterDevice& keymaster() { return *keymaster_; }
+    uint32_t os_version() { return os_version_; }
+    uint32_t os_patch_level() { return os_patch_level_; }
 
     AuthorizationSet UserAuths() { return AuthorizationSetBuilder().Authorization(TAG_USER_ID, 7); }
 
@@ -929,134 +911,121 @@
         }
     }
 
-    static bool IsSecure() { return is_secure_; }
-    static bool SupportsEc() { return supports_ec_; }
-    static bool SupportsSymmetric() { return supports_symmetric_; }
-    static bool SupportsAllDigests() { return supports_all_digests_; }
-    static bool SupportsAttestation() { return supports_attestation_; }
+    bool IsSecure() { return is_secure_; }
+    bool SupportsEc() { return supports_ec_; }
+    bool SupportsSymmetric() { return supports_symmetric_; }
+    bool SupportsAllDigests() { return supports_all_digests_; }
+    bool SupportsAttestation() { return supports_attestation_; }
 
-    static bool Km2Profile() {
+    bool Km2Profile() {
         return SupportsAttestation() && SupportsAllDigests() && SupportsSymmetric() &&
                SupportsEc() && IsSecure();
     }
 
-    static bool Km1Profile() {
+    bool Km1Profile() {
         return !SupportsAttestation() && SupportsSymmetric() && SupportsEc() && IsSecure();
     }
 
-    static bool Km0Profile() {
+    bool Km0Profile() {
         return !SupportsAttestation() && !SupportsAllDigests() && !SupportsSymmetric() &&
                IsSecure();
     }
 
-    static bool SwOnlyProfile() {
+    bool SwOnlyProfile() {
         return !SupportsAttestation() && !SupportsAllDigests() && !SupportsSymmetric() &&
                !SupportsEc() && !IsSecure();
     }
 
+    bool verify_attestation_record(const string& challenge, const string& app_id,
+                                   AuthorizationSet expected_sw_enforced,
+                                   AuthorizationSet expected_tee_enforced,
+                                   const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& attestation_cert) {
+        X509_Ptr cert(parse_cert_blob(attestation_cert));
+        EXPECT_TRUE(!!cert.get());
+        if (!cert.get()) return false;
+
+        ASN1_OCTET_STRING* attest_rec = get_attestation_record(cert.get());
+        EXPECT_TRUE(!!attest_rec);
+        if (!attest_rec) return false;
+
+        AuthorizationSet att_sw_enforced;
+        AuthorizationSet att_tee_enforced;
+        uint32_t att_attestation_version;
+        uint32_t att_keymaster_version;
+        SecurityLevel att_attestation_security_level;
+        SecurityLevel att_keymaster_security_level;
+        HidlBuf att_challenge;
+        HidlBuf att_unique_id;
+        HidlBuf att_app_id;
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+                  parse_attestation_record(attest_rec->data,                 //
+                                           attest_rec->length,               //
+                                           &att_attestation_version,         //
+                                           &att_attestation_security_level,  //
+                                           &att_keymaster_version,           //
+                                           &att_keymaster_security_level,    //
+                                           &att_challenge,                   //
+                                           &att_sw_enforced,                 //
+                                           &att_tee_enforced,                //
+                                           &att_unique_id));
+
+        EXPECT_TRUE(att_attestation_version == 1 || att_attestation_version == 2);
+
+        expected_sw_enforced.push_back(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, HidlBuf(app_id));
+
+        if (!IsSecure()) {
+            // SW is KM3
+            EXPECT_EQ(att_keymaster_version, 3U);
+        }
+
+        if (SupportsSymmetric()) {
+            EXPECT_GE(att_keymaster_version, 1U);
+        }
+
+        if (SupportsAttestation()) {
+            EXPECT_GE(att_keymaster_version, 2U);
+        }
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(IsSecure() ? SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT : SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE,
+                  att_keymaster_security_level);
+        EXPECT_EQ(SupportsAttestation() ? SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT
+                                        : SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE,
+                  att_attestation_security_level);
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(challenge.length(), att_challenge.size());
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp(challenge.data(), att_challenge.data(), challenge.length()));
+
+        att_sw_enforced.Sort();
+        expected_sw_enforced.Sort();
+        EXPECT_EQ(filter_tags(expected_sw_enforced), filter_tags(att_sw_enforced))
+                << "(Possibly b/38394619)";
+
+        att_tee_enforced.Sort();
+        expected_tee_enforced.Sort();
+        EXPECT_EQ(filter_tags(expected_tee_enforced), filter_tags(att_tee_enforced))
+                << "(Possibly b/38394619)";
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
     HidlBuf key_blob_;
     KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics_;
     OperationHandle op_handle_ = kOpHandleSentinel;
 
   private:
-    static sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster_;
-    static uint32_t os_version_;
-    static uint32_t os_patch_level_;
+    sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster_;
+    uint32_t os_version_;
+    uint32_t os_patch_level_;
 
-    static bool is_secure_;
-    static bool supports_ec_;
-    static bool supports_symmetric_;
-    static bool supports_attestation_;
-    static bool supports_all_digests_;
-    static hidl_string name_;
-    static hidl_string author_;
+    bool is_secure_;
+    bool supports_ec_;
+    bool supports_symmetric_;
+    bool supports_attestation_;
+    bool supports_all_digests_;
+    hidl_string name_;
+    hidl_string author_;
 };
 
-bool verify_attestation_record(const string& challenge, const string& app_id,
-                               AuthorizationSet expected_sw_enforced,
-                               AuthorizationSet expected_tee_enforced,
-                               const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& attestation_cert) {
-    X509_Ptr cert(parse_cert_blob(attestation_cert));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(!!cert.get());
-    if (!cert.get()) return false;
-
-    ASN1_OCTET_STRING* attest_rec = get_attestation_record(cert.get());
-    EXPECT_TRUE(!!attest_rec);
-    if (!attest_rec) return false;
-
-    AuthorizationSet att_sw_enforced;
-    AuthorizationSet att_tee_enforced;
-    uint32_t att_attestation_version;
-    uint32_t att_keymaster_version;
-    SecurityLevel att_attestation_security_level;
-    SecurityLevel att_keymaster_security_level;
-    HidlBuf att_challenge;
-    HidlBuf att_unique_id;
-    HidlBuf att_app_id;
-    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
-              parse_attestation_record(attest_rec->data,                 //
-                                       attest_rec->length,               //
-                                       &att_attestation_version,         //
-                                       &att_attestation_security_level,  //
-                                       &att_keymaster_version,           //
-                                       &att_keymaster_security_level,    //
-                                       &att_challenge,                   //
-                                       &att_sw_enforced,                 //
-                                       &att_tee_enforced,                //
-                                       &att_unique_id));
-
-    EXPECT_TRUE(att_attestation_version == 1 || att_attestation_version == 2);
-
-    expected_sw_enforced.push_back(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID,
-                                   HidlBuf(app_id));
-
-    if (!KeymasterHidlTest::IsSecure()) {
-        // SW is KM3
-        EXPECT_EQ(att_keymaster_version, 3U);
-    }
-
-    if (KeymasterHidlTest::SupportsSymmetric()) {
-        EXPECT_GE(att_keymaster_version, 1U);
-    }
-
-    if (KeymasterHidlTest::SupportsAttestation()) {
-        EXPECT_GE(att_keymaster_version, 2U);
-    }
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(KeymasterHidlTest::IsSecure() ? SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT
-                                            : SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE,
-              att_keymaster_security_level);
-    EXPECT_EQ(KeymasterHidlTest::SupportsAttestation() ? SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT
-                                                       : SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE,
-              att_attestation_security_level);
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(challenge.length(), att_challenge.size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp(challenge.data(), att_challenge.data(), challenge.length()));
-
-    att_sw_enforced.Sort();
-    expected_sw_enforced.Sort();
-    EXPECT_EQ(filter_tags(expected_sw_enforced), filter_tags(att_sw_enforced))
-        << "(Possibly b/38394619)";
-
-    att_tee_enforced.Sort();
-    expected_tee_enforced.Sort();
-    EXPECT_EQ(filter_tags(expected_tee_enforced), filter_tags(att_tee_enforced))
-        << "(Possibly b/38394619)";
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-sp<IKeymasterDevice> KeymasterHidlTest::keymaster_;
-uint32_t KeymasterHidlTest::os_version_;
-uint32_t KeymasterHidlTest::os_patch_level_;
-bool KeymasterHidlTest::is_secure_;
-bool KeymasterHidlTest::supports_ec_;
-bool KeymasterHidlTest::supports_symmetric_;
-bool KeymasterHidlTest::supports_all_digests_;
-bool KeymasterHidlTest::supports_attestation_;
-hidl_string KeymasterHidlTest::name_;
-hidl_string KeymasterHidlTest::author_;
-
 typedef KeymasterHidlTest KeymasterVersionTest;
 
 /*
@@ -1065,7 +1034,7 @@
  * Queries keymaster to find the set of features it supports. Fails if the combination doesn't
  * correspond to any well-defined keymaster version.
  */
-TEST_F(KeymasterVersionTest, SensibleFeatures) {
+TEST_P(KeymasterVersionTest, SensibleFeatures) {
     EXPECT_TRUE(Km2Profile() || Km1Profile() || Km0Profile() || SwOnlyProfile())
         << "Keymaster feature set doesn't fit any reasonable profile.  Reported features:"
         << "SupportsAttestation [" << SupportsAttestation() << "], "
@@ -1124,7 +1093,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster can generate all required RSA key sizes, and that the resulting keys have
  * correct characteristics.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, Rsa) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, Rsa) {
     for (auto key_size : {1024, 2048, 3072, 4096}) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
@@ -1158,7 +1127,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that failing to specify a key size for RSA key generation returns UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, RsaNoDefaultSize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, RsaNoDefaultSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::RSA)
@@ -1172,7 +1141,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster can generate all required EC key sizes, and that the resulting keys have
  * correct characteristics.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, Ecdsa) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, Ecdsa) {
     for (auto key_size : {224, 256, 384, 521}) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
@@ -1203,7 +1172,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that failing to specify a key size for EC key generation returns UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaDefaultSize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaDefaultSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC)
@@ -1217,7 +1186,7 @@
  * Verifies that failing to specify an invalid key size for EC key generation returns
  * UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaInvalidSize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaInvalidSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder().EcdsaSigningKey(190).Digest(Digest::NONE)));
 }
@@ -1228,7 +1197,7 @@
  * Verifies that specifying mismatched key size and curve for EC key generation returns
  * INVALID_ARGUMENT.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaMismatchKeySize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaMismatchKeySize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .EcdsaSigningKey(224)
@@ -1237,7 +1206,7 @@
         << "(Possibly b/36233343)";
 }
 
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidSizes) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidSizes) {
     size_t valid_sizes[] = {224, 256, 384, 521};
     for (size_t size : valid_sizes) {
         EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
@@ -1252,7 +1221,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster supports all required EC curves.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidCurves) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidCurves) {
     EcCurve curves[] = {EcCurve::P_224, EcCurve::P_256, EcCurve::P_384, EcCurve::P_521};
     for (auto curve : curves) {
         EXPECT_EQ(
@@ -1269,7 +1238,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster supports all required digests, and that the resulting keys have correct
  * characteristics.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, Hmac) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, Hmac) {
     for (auto digest : {Digest::MD5, Digest::SHA1, Digest::SHA_2_224, Digest::SHA_2_256,
                         Digest::SHA_2_384, Digest::SHA_2_512}) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
@@ -1318,7 +1287,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster supports all key sizes, and rejects all invalid key sizes.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckKeySizes) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckKeySizes) {
     for (size_t key_size = 0; key_size <= 512; ++key_size) {
         if (key_size < 64 || key_size % 8 != 0) {
             // To keep this test from being very slow, we only test a random fraction of non-byte
@@ -1349,7 +1318,7 @@
  * test is probabilistic in order to keep the runtime down, but any failure prints out the specific
  * MAC length that failed, so reproducing a failed run will be easy.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckMinMacLengths) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckMinMacLengths) {
     for (size_t min_mac_length = 0; min_mac_length <= 256; ++min_mac_length) {
         if (min_mac_length < 64 || min_mac_length % 8 != 0) {
             // To keep this test from being very long, we only test a random fraction of non-byte
@@ -1379,7 +1348,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects HMAC key generation with multiple specified digest algorithms.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacMultipleDigests) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacMultipleDigests) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_DIGEST,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .HmacKey(128)
@@ -1393,7 +1362,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects HMAC key generation with no digest or Digest::NONE
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacDigestNone) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacDigestNone) {
     ASSERT_EQ(
         ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_DIGEST,
         GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder().HmacKey(128).Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)));
@@ -1413,7 +1382,7 @@
  * Verifies that getKeyCharacteristics functions, and that generated and retrieved key
  * characteristics match.
  */
-TEST_F(GetKeyCharacteristicsTest, SimpleRsa) {
+TEST_P(GetKeyCharacteristicsTest, SimpleRsa) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1438,7 +1407,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1454,7 +1423,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA-PSS signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha256Success) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha256Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -1472,7 +1441,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects signature operations that specify a padding mode when the key
  * supports only unpadded operations.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPaddingNoneDoesNotAllowOther) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPaddingNoneDoesNotAllowOther) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1492,7 +1461,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that digested RSA-PKCS1 signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Sha256Success) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Sha256Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -1509,7 +1478,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that undigested RSA-PKCS1 signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestSuccess) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1527,7 +1496,7 @@
  * Verifies that undigested RSA-PKCS1 signature operations fail with the correct error code when
  * given a too-long message.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestTooLong) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestTooLong) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1555,7 +1524,7 @@
  * uses SHA512, which has a digest_size == 512, so the message size is 1040 bits, too large for a
  * 1024-bit key.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha512TooSmallKey) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha512TooSmallKey) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_512)
@@ -1574,7 +1543,7 @@
  * Verifies that raw RSA signature operations fail with the correct error code when
  * given a too-long message.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1608,7 +1577,7 @@
  * Verifies that operations can be aborted correctly.  Uses an RSA signing operation for the test,
  * but the behavior should be algorithm and purpose-independent.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaAbort) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaAbort) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1633,7 +1602,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA operations fail with the correct error (but key gen succeeds) when used with a
  * padding mode inappropriate for RSA.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaUnsupportedPadding) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaUnsupportedPadding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1650,7 +1619,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA PSS operations fail when no digest is used.  PSS requires a digest.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoDigest) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoDigest) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1670,7 +1639,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA operations fail when no padding mode is specified.  PaddingMode::NONE is
  * supported in some cases (as validated in other tests), but a mode must be specified.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPadding) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPadding) {
     // Padding must be specified
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaKey(1024, 3)
@@ -1686,7 +1655,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA signatures succeed with a message shorter than the key size.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaTooShortMessage) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaTooShortMessage) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -1707,7 +1676,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA encryption keys cannot be used to sign.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignWithEncryptionKey) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignWithEncryptionKey) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -1724,7 +1693,7 @@
  * Verifies that attempting a raw signature of a message which is the same length as the key, but
  * numerically larger than the public modulus, fails with the correct error.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignTooLargeMessage) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignTooLargeMessage) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -1746,7 +1715,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that ECDSA operations succeed with all possible key sizes and hashes.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllSizesAndHashes) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllSizesAndHashes) {
     for (auto key_size : {224, 256, 384, 521}) {
         for (auto digest : {
                  Digest::SHA1, Digest::SHA_2_224, Digest::SHA_2_256, Digest::SHA_2_384,
@@ -1773,7 +1742,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that ECDSA operations succeed with all possible curves.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllCurves) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllCurves) {
     for (auto curve : {EcCurve::P_224, EcCurve::P_256, EcCurve::P_384, EcCurve::P_521}) {
         ErrorCode error = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                           .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1795,7 +1764,7 @@
  * work because ECDSA actually only signs the leftmost L_n bits of the message, however large it may
  * be.  Not using digesting is a bad idea, but in some cases digesting is done by the framework.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaNoDigestHugeData) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaNoDigestHugeData) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(224)
@@ -1809,7 +1778,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempts to use AES keys to sign fail in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, AesEcbSign) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, AesEcbSign) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .SigningKey()
@@ -1832,7 +1801,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that HMAC works with all digests.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacAllDigests) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacAllDigests) {
     for (auto digest : {Digest::SHA1, Digest::SHA_2_224, Digest::SHA_2_256, Digest::SHA_2_384,
                         Digest::SHA_2_512}) {
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
@@ -1855,7 +1824,7 @@
  * Verifies that HMAC fails in the correct way when asked to generate a MAC larger than the digest
  * size.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooLargeMacLength) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooLargeMacLength) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -1876,7 +1845,7 @@
  * Verifies that HMAC fails in the correct way when asked to generate a MAC smaller than the
  * specified minimum MAC length.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooSmallMacLength) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooSmallMacLength) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -1896,7 +1865,7 @@
  *
  * Validates against the test vectors from RFC 4231 test case 3.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase3) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase3) {
     string key(20, 0xaa);
     string message(50, 0xdd);
     uint8_t sha_224_expected[] = {
@@ -1933,7 +1902,7 @@
  *
  * Validates against the test vectors from RFC 4231 test case 5.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase5) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase5) {
     string key(20, 0x0c);
     string message = "Test With Truncation";
 
@@ -1965,7 +1934,7 @@
  *
  * Validates against the test vectors from RFC 4231 test case 6.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase6) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase6) {
     string key(131, 0xaa);
     string message = "Test Using Larger Than Block-Size Key - Hash Key First";
 
@@ -2003,7 +1972,7 @@
  *
  * Validates against the test vectors from RFC 4231 test case 7.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase7) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase7) {
     string key(131, 0xaa);
     string message = "This is a test using a larger than block-size key and a larger than "
                      "block-size data. The key needs to be hashed before being used by the HMAC "
@@ -2045,7 +2014,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that a simple RSA signature/verification sequence succeeds.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2063,7 +2032,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies RSA signature/verification for all padding modes and digests.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaAllPaddingsAndDigests) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaAllPaddingsAndDigests) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -2159,7 +2128,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies ECDSA signature/verification for all digests and curves.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, EcdsaAllDigestsAndCurves) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, EcdsaAllDigestsAndCurves) {
     auto digests = {
         Digest::NONE,      Digest::SHA1,      Digest::SHA_2_224,
         Digest::SHA_2_256, Digest::SHA_2_384, Digest::SHA_2_512,
@@ -2242,7 +2211,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies HMAC signing and verification, but that a signing key cannot be used to verify.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, HmacSigningKeyCannotVerify) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, HmacSigningKeyCannotVerify) {
     string key_material = "HelloThisIsAKey";
 
     HidlBuf signing_key, verification_key;
@@ -2290,7 +2259,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to export RSA keys in PKCS#8 format fails with the correct error.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, RsaUnsupportedKeyFormat) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, RsaUnsupportedKeyFormat) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -2305,7 +2274,7 @@
  * Verifies that attempting to export RSA keys from corrupted key blobs fails.  This is essentially
  * a poor-man's key blob fuzzer.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, RsaCorruptedKeyBlob) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, RsaCorruptedKeyBlob) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2328,7 +2297,7 @@
  * Verifies that attempting to export ECDSA keys from corrupted key blobs fails.  This is
  * essentially a poor-man's key blob fuzzer.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, EcCorruptedKeyBlob) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, EcCorruptedKeyBlob) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
@@ -2349,7 +2318,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to export AES keys fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, AesKeyUnexportable) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, AesKeyUnexportable) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2368,7 +2337,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an RSA key pair works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, RsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                            .RsaSigningKey(1024, 65537)
@@ -2395,7 +2364,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an RSA key pair with a size that doesn't match the key fails in the
  * correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, RsaKeySizeMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaKeySizeMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .RsaSigningKey(2048 /* Doesn't match key */, 65537)
@@ -2410,7 +2379,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an RSA key pair with a public exponent that doesn't match the key fails
  * in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, RsaPublicExponentMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaPublicExponentMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3 /* Doesn't match key */)
@@ -2424,7 +2393,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-256 key pair works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                            .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
@@ -2450,7 +2419,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-521 key pair works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, Ecdsa521Success) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, Ecdsa521Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                            .EcdsaSigningKey(521)
@@ -2477,7 +2446,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an ECDSA key pair with a size that doesn't match the key fails in the
  * correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSizeMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSizeMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .EcdsaSigningKey(224 /* Doesn't match key */)
@@ -2491,7 +2460,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an ECDSA key pair with a curve that doesn't match the key fails in the
  * correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaCurveMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaCurveMismatch) {
     if (SupportsSymmetric() && !SupportsAttestation()) {
         // KM1 hardware doesn't know about curves
         return;
@@ -2510,7 +2479,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an AES key works.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, AesSuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, AesSuccess) {
     string key = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -2537,7 +2506,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an HMAC key works.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, HmacKeySuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, HmacKeySuccess) {
     string key = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -2563,7 +2532,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2586,7 +2555,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption of short messages works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingShortMessage) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingShortMessage) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2615,7 +2584,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption of too-long messages fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2635,7 +2604,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption of too-large (numerically) messages fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLarge) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLarge) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2677,7 +2646,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations work, with all digests.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepSuccess) {
     auto digests = {Digest::MD5,       Digest::SHA1,      Digest::SHA_2_224,
                     Digest::SHA_2_256, Digest::SHA_2_384, Digest::SHA_2_512};
 
@@ -2729,7 +2698,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations fail in the correct way when asked to operate
  * without a digest.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepInvalidDigest) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepInvalidDigest) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2747,7 +2716,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations fail in the correct way when asked to decrypt with a
  * different digest than was used to encrypt.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepDecryptWithWrongDigest) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepDecryptWithWrongDigest) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2773,7 +2742,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations fail in the correct way when asked to encrypt a
  * too-large message.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepTooLarge) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepTooLarge) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2796,7 +2765,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA PKCS encryption/decrypts works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Success) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2835,7 +2804,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA PKCS encryption fails in the correct way when the mssage is too large.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1TooLarge) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1TooLarge) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2855,7 +2824,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to use ECDSA keys to encrypt fails in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, EcdsaEncrypt) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, EcdsaEncrypt) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(224)
@@ -2872,7 +2841,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to use HMAC keys to encrypt fails in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, HmacEncrypt) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, HmacEncrypt) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -2894,7 +2863,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES ECB mode works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2923,7 +2892,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES encryption fails in the correct way when an unauthorized mode is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesWrongMode) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesWrongMode) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2943,7 +2912,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES encryption fails in the correct way when provided an input that is not a
  * multiple of the block size and no padding is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbNoPaddingWrongInputSize) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbNoPaddingWrongInputSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2964,7 +2933,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES PKCS7 padding works for any message length.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7Padding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7Padding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2989,7 +2958,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES enryption fails in the correct way when an unauthorized padding mode is
  * specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbWrongPadding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbWrongPadding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3010,7 +2979,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES decryption fails in the correct way when the padding is corrupted.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3041,7 +3010,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES CTR mode works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3088,7 +3057,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES works, all modes, when provided data in various size increments.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesIncremental) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesIncremental) {
     auto block_modes = {
         BlockMode::ECB, BlockMode::CBC, BlockMode::CTR, BlockMode::GCM,
     };
@@ -3226,7 +3195,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies AES CTR implementation against SP800-38A test vectors.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrSp80038aTestVector) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrSp80038aTestVector) {
     for (size_t i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
         const AesCtrSp80038aTestVector& test(kAesCtrSp80038aTestVectors[i]);
         const string key = hex2str(test.key);
@@ -3242,7 +3211,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects use of CTR mode with PKCS7 padding in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrIncompatiblePaddingMode) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrIncompatiblePaddingMode) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3257,7 +3226,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster fails correctly when the user supplies an incorrect-size nonce.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrInvalidCallerNonce) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrInvalidCallerNonce) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3289,7 +3258,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster fails correctly when the user supplies an incorrect-size nonce.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCbcRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCbcRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3322,7 +3291,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES caller-provided nonces work correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonce) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonce) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3371,7 +3340,7 @@
  * Verifies that caller-provided nonces are not permitted when not specified in the key
  * authorizations.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonceProhibited) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonceProhibited) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3406,7 +3375,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3454,7 +3423,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when a too-short tag length is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTag) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTag) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3475,7 +3444,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when a too-short tag is provided to decryption.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTagOnDecrypt) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTagOnDecrypt) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3518,7 +3487,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when the decryption key is incorrect.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptKey) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptKey) {
     const uint8_t nonce_bytes[] = {
         0xb7, 0x94, 0x37, 0xae, 0x08, 0xff, 0x35, 0x5d, 0x7d, 0x8a, 0x4d, 0x0f,
     };
@@ -3570,7 +3539,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works when provided additional authenticated data, but no data to
  * encrypt.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadNoData) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadNoData) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3616,7 +3585,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works when provided additional authenticated data in multiple chunks.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmMultiPartAad) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmMultiPartAad) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3675,7 +3644,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when given AAD after data to encipher.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadOutOfOrder) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadOutOfOrder) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3724,7 +3693,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM decryption fails correctly when additional authenticated date is wrong.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmBadAad) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmBadAad) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3768,7 +3737,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM decryption fails correctly when the nonce is incorrect.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmWrongNonce) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmWrongNonce) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3812,7 +3781,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM decryption fails correctly when the tag is wrong.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptTag) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptTag) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3862,7 +3831,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the max uses per boot tag works correctly with AES keys.
  */
-TEST_F(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitAes) {
+TEST_P(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitAes) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3887,7 +3856,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the max uses per boot tag works correctly with RSA keys.
  */
-TEST_F(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitRsa) {
+TEST_P(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitRsa) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -3914,7 +3883,7 @@
  * Verifies that the addRngEntropy method doesn't blow up.  There's no way to test that entropy is
  * actually added.
  */
-TEST_F(AddEntropyTest, AddEntropy) {
+TEST_P(AddEntropyTest, AddEntropy) {
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, keymaster().addRngEntropy(HidlBuf("foo")));
 }
 
@@ -3923,7 +3892,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the addRngEntropy method doesn't blow up when given an empty buffer.
  */
-TEST_F(AddEntropyTest, AddEmptyEntropy) {
+TEST_P(AddEntropyTest, AddEmptyEntropy) {
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, keymaster().addRngEntropy(HidlBuf()));
 }
 
@@ -3932,7 +3901,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the addRngEntropy method doesn't blow up when given a largish amount of data.
  */
-TEST_F(AddEntropyTest, AddLargeEntropy) {
+TEST_P(AddEntropyTest, AddLargeEntropy) {
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, keymaster().addRngEntropy(HidlBuf(string(2 * 1024, 'a'))));
 }
 
@@ -3943,7 +3912,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to RSA keys works and generates the expected output.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, RsaAttestation) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, RsaAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -3971,7 +3940,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to RSA requires app ID.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, RsaAttestationRequiresAppId) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, RsaAttestationRequiresAppId) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -3992,7 +3961,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to EC keys works and generates the expected output.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, EcAttestation) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, EcAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
@@ -4020,7 +3989,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to EC keys requires app ID
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, EcAttestationRequiresAttestationAppId) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, EcAttestationRequiresAttestationAppId) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -4040,7 +4009,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to AES keys fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, AesAttestation) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, AesAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -4063,7 +4032,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to HMAC keys fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, HmacAttestation) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, HmacAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -4090,7 +4059,7 @@
  * This test checks that if rollback protection is implemented, DeleteKey invalidates a formerly
  * valid key blob.
  */
-TEST_F(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteKey) {
+TEST_P(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteKey) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -4135,7 +4104,7 @@
  *
  * This test checks that the HAL excepts invalid key blobs.
  */
-TEST_F(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteInvalidKey) {
+TEST_P(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteInvalidKey) {
     // Generate key just to check if rollback protection is implemented
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -4172,7 +4141,7 @@
  * been provisioned. Use this test only on dedicated testing devices that have no valuable
  * credentials stored in Keystore/Keymaster.
  */
-TEST_F(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteAllKeys) {
+TEST_P(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteAllKeys) {
     if (!arm_deleteAllKeys) return;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -4207,6 +4176,45 @@
     key_blob_ = HidlBuf();
 }
 
+static const auto kKeymasterDeviceChoices =
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IKeymasterDevice::descriptor));
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, NewKeyGenerationTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, KeymasterVersionTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, GetKeyCharacteristicsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, SigningOperationsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, VerificationOperationsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, ExportKeyTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, ImportKeyTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, EncryptionOperationsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, MaxOperationsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, AddEntropyTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, AttestationTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, KeyDeletionTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
 }  // namespace test
 }  // namespace V3_0
 }  // namespace keymaster
@@ -4214,10 +4222,7 @@
 }  // namespace android
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    using android::hardware::keymaster::V3_0::test::KeymasterHidlEnvironment;
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(KeymasterHidlEnvironment::Instance());
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    KeymasterHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
     for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
         if (argv[i][0] == '-') {
             if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--arm_deleteAllKeys") {
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.0/support/Android.bp
index 2f40282..9c5fbab 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/Android.bp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/support/Android.bp
@@ -27,11 +27,10 @@
         "authorization_set.cpp",
         "key_param_output.cpp",
         "keymaster_utils.cpp",
-        "Keymaster.cpp",
-        "Keymaster3.cpp",
-        "Keymaster4.cpp",
     ],
-    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
     shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.keymaster@3.0",
         "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
@@ -39,6 +38,5 @@
         "libcrypto",
         "libhardware",
         "libhidlbase",
-        "libutils",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster4.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster4.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index cc3d656..0000000
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster4.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-/*
-**
-** Copyright 2017, The Android Open Source Project
-**
-** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-** You may obtain a copy of the License at
-**
-**     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-**
-** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-** limitations under the License.
-*/
-
-#include <keymasterV4_0/Keymaster4.h>
-
-#include <android-base/logging.h>
-
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace keymaster {
-namespace V4_0 {
-namespace support {
-
-void Keymaster4::getVersionIfNeeded() {
-    if (haveVersion_) return;
-
-    auto rc =
-        dev_->getHardwareInfo([&](SecurityLevel securityLevel, const hidl_string& keymasterName,
-                                  const hidl_string& authorName) {
-            version_ = {keymasterName, authorName, 4 /* major version */, securityLevel,
-                        true /* supportsEc */};
-            haveVersion_ = true;
-        });
-
-    CHECK(rc.isOk()) << "Got error " << rc.description() << " trying to get hardware info";
-}
-
-}  // namespace support
-}  // namespace V4_0
-}  // namespace keymaster
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/OWNERS b/keymaster/4.0/support/OWNERS
index 335660d..a9efe66 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/OWNERS
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/support/OWNERS
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 jdanis@google.com
 swillden@google.com
+jbires@google.com
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/attestation_record.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/support/attestation_record.cpp
index 000d46e..27e00c1 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/attestation_record.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/support/attestation_record.cpp
@@ -321,19 +321,20 @@
         LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Failed record parsing";
         return ErrorCode::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
     }
-    if (!record->tee_enforced) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Failed hardware characteristic parsing";
+
+    KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST* root_of_trust = nullptr;
+    if (record->tee_enforced && record->tee_enforced->root_of_trust) {
+        root_of_trust = record->tee_enforced->root_of_trust;
+    } else if (record->software_enforced && record->software_enforced->root_of_trust) {
+        root_of_trust = record->software_enforced->root_of_trust;
+    } else {
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << " Failed root of trust parsing";
         return ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT;
     }
-    if (!record->tee_enforced->root_of_trust) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Failed root of trust parsing";
+    if (!root_of_trust->verified_boot_key) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << " Failed verified boot key parsing";
         return ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT;
     }
-    if (!record->tee_enforced->root_of_trust->verified_boot_key) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Failed verified boot key parsing";
-        return ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT;
-    }
-    KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST* root_of_trust = record->tee_enforced->root_of_trust;
 
     auto& vb_key = root_of_trust->verified_boot_key;
     verified_boot_key->resize(vb_key->length);
@@ -342,19 +343,19 @@
     *verified_boot_state = static_cast<keymaster_verified_boot_t>(
             ASN1_ENUMERATED_get(root_of_trust->verified_boot_state));
     if (!verified_boot_state) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Failed verified boot state parsing";
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << " Failed verified boot state parsing";
         return ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT;
     }
 
     *device_locked = root_of_trust->device_locked;
     if (!device_locked) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Failed device locked parsing";
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << " Failed device locked parsing";
         return ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT;
     }
 
     auto& vb_hash = root_of_trust->verified_boot_hash;
     if (!vb_hash) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << AT << "Failed verified boot hash parsing";
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << " Failed verified boot hash parsing";
         return ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT;
     }
     verified_boot_hash->resize(vb_hash->length);
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/authorization_set.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/support/authorization_set.cpp
index d6b50f5..a024ff9 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/authorization_set.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/support/authorization_set.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 namespace keymaster {
 namespace V4_0 {
 
-inline bool keyParamLess(const KeyParameter& a, const KeyParameter& b) {
+bool keyParamLess(const KeyParameter& a, const KeyParameter& b) {
     if (a.tag != b.tag) return a.tag < b.tag;
     int retval;
     switch (typeFromTag(a.tag)) {
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
     return false;
 }
 
-inline bool keyParamEqual(const KeyParameter& a, const KeyParameter& b) {
+bool keyParamEqual(const KeyParameter& a, const KeyParameter& b) {
     if (a.tag != b.tag) return false;
 
     switch (typeFromTag(a.tag)) {
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster4.h b/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster4.h
deleted file mode 100644
index dfd03ef..0000000
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster4.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-/*
- **
- ** Copyright 2017, The Android Open Source Project
- **
- ** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- ** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- ** You may obtain a copy of the License at
- **
- **     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- **
- ** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- ** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- ** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- ** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- ** limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_SUPPORT_KEYMASTER_4_H_
-#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_SUPPORT_KEYMASTER_4_H_
-
-#include "Keymaster.h"
-
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace keymaster {
-namespace V4_0 {
-namespace support {
-
-using android::sp;
-using IKeymaster4Device = ::android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::IKeymasterDevice;
-
-class Keymaster4 : public Keymaster {
-   public:
-    using WrappedIKeymasterDevice = IKeymaster4Device;
-    Keymaster4(sp<IKeymasterDevice> km4_dev, const hidl_string& instanceName)
-        : Keymaster(IKeymaster4Device::descriptor, instanceName),
-          haveVersion_(false),
-          dev_(km4_dev) {}
-
-    const VersionResult& halVersion() const override {
-        const_cast<Keymaster4*>(this)->getVersionIfNeeded();
-        return version_;
-    }
-
-    Return<void> getHardwareInfo(getHardwareInfo_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->getHardwareInfo(_hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<void> getHmacSharingParameters(getHmacSharingParameters_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->getHmacSharingParameters(_hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<void> computeSharedHmac(const hidl_vec<HmacSharingParameters>& params,
-                                   computeSharedHmac_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->computeSharedHmac(params, _hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<void> verifyAuthorization(uint64_t operationHandle, const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& params,
-                                     const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
-                                     verifyAuthorization_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->verifyAuthorization(operationHandle, params, authToken, _hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<ErrorCode> addRngEntropy(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) override {
-        return dev_->addRngEntropy(data);
-    }
-
-    Return<void> generateKey(const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& keyParams,
-                             generateKey_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->generateKey(keyParams, _hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<void> getKeyCharacteristics(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob,
-                                       const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& clientId,
-                                       const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& appData,
-                                       getKeyCharacteristics_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->getKeyCharacteristics(keyBlob, clientId, appData, _hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<void> importKey(const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& params, KeyFormat keyFormat,
-                           const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyData, importKey_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->importKey(params, keyFormat, keyData, _hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<void> importWrappedKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& wrappedKeyData,
-                                  const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& wrappingKeyBlob,
-                                  const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& maskingKey,
-                                  const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& unwrappingParams,
-                                  uint64_t passwordSid, uint64_t biometricSid,
-                                  importWrappedKey_cb _hidl_cb) {
-        return dev_->importWrappedKey(wrappedKeyData, wrappingKeyBlob, maskingKey, unwrappingParams,
-                                      passwordSid, biometricSid, _hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<void> exportKey(KeyFormat exportFormat, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob,
-                           const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& clientId, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& appData,
-                           exportKey_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->exportKey(exportFormat, keyBlob, clientId, appData, _hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<void> attestKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyToAttest,
-                           const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& attestParams,
-                           attestKey_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->attestKey(keyToAttest, attestParams, _hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<void> upgradeKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlobToUpgrade,
-                            const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& upgradeParams,
-                            upgradeKey_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->upgradeKey(keyBlobToUpgrade, upgradeParams, _hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<ErrorCode> deleteKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob) override {
-        return dev_->deleteKey(keyBlob);
-    }
-
-    Return<ErrorCode> deleteAllKeys() override { return dev_->deleteAllKeys(); }
-
-    Return<ErrorCode> destroyAttestationIds() override { return dev_->destroyAttestationIds(); }
-
-    Return<void> begin(KeyPurpose purpose, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& key,
-                       const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& inParams, const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
-                       begin_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->begin(purpose, key, inParams, authToken, _hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<void> update(uint64_t operationHandle, const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& inParams,
-                        const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& input, const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
-                        const VerificationToken& verificationToken, update_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->update(operationHandle, inParams, input, authToken, verificationToken,
-                            _hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<void> finish(uint64_t operationHandle, const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& inParams,
-                        const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& input, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& signature,
-                        const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
-                        const VerificationToken& verificationToken, finish_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        return dev_->finish(operationHandle, inParams, input, signature, authToken,
-                            verificationToken, _hidl_cb);
-    }
-
-    Return<ErrorCode> abort(uint64_t operationHandle) override {
-        return dev_->abort(operationHandle);
-    }
-
-   private:
-    void getVersionIfNeeded();
-
-    bool haveVersion_;
-    VersionResult version_;
-    sp<IKeymaster4Device> dev_;
-};
-
-}  // namespace support
-}  // namespace V4_0
-}  // namespace keymaster
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
-
-#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_SUPPORT_KEYMASTER_4_H_
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/keymaster_tags.h b/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/keymaster_tags.h
index cb29c64..bc7f311 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/keymaster_tags.h
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/keymaster_tags.h
@@ -355,95 +355,61 @@
     return accessTagValue(ttag, param);
 }
 
+inline bool operator<(const KeyParameter& a, const KeyParameter& b) {
+    if (a.tag != b.tag) return a.tag < b.tag;
+    int retval;
+    switch (typeFromTag(a.tag)) {
+        case TagType::INVALID:
+        case TagType::BOOL:
+            return false;
+        case TagType::ENUM:
+        case TagType::ENUM_REP:
+        case TagType::UINT:
+        case TagType::UINT_REP:
+            return a.f.integer < b.f.integer;
+        case TagType::ULONG:
+        case TagType::ULONG_REP:
+            return a.f.longInteger < b.f.longInteger;
+        case TagType::DATE:
+            return a.f.dateTime < b.f.dateTime;
+        case TagType::BIGNUM:
+        case TagType::BYTES:
+            // Handle the empty cases.
+            if (a.blob.size() == 0) return b.blob.size() != 0;
+            if (b.blob.size() == 0) return false;
+
+            retval = memcmp(&a.blob[0], &b.blob[0], std::min(a.blob.size(), b.blob.size()));
+            // if one is the prefix of the other the longer wins
+            if (retval == 0) return a.blob.size() < b.blob.size();
+            // Otherwise a is less if a is less.
+            else
+                return retval < 0;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
 inline bool operator==(const KeyParameter& a, const KeyParameter& b) {
-    if (a.tag != b.tag) {
-        return false;
-    }
+    if (a.tag != b.tag) return false;
 
-    switch (a.tag) {
-        /* Boolean tags */
-        case Tag::INVALID:
-        case Tag::CALLER_NONCE:
-        case Tag::INCLUDE_UNIQUE_ID:
-        case Tag::BOOTLOADER_ONLY:
-        case Tag::NO_AUTH_REQUIRED:
-        case Tag::ALLOW_WHILE_ON_BODY:
-        case Tag::UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED:
-        case Tag::ROLLBACK_RESISTANCE:
-        case Tag::RESET_SINCE_ID_ROTATION:
-        case Tag::TRUSTED_CONFIRMATION_REQUIRED:
-        case Tag::TRUSTED_USER_PRESENCE_REQUIRED:
+    switch (typeFromTag(a.tag)) {
+        case TagType::INVALID:
+        case TagType::BOOL:
             return true;
-
-        /* Integer tags */
-        case Tag::KEY_SIZE:
-        case Tag::MIN_MAC_LENGTH:
-        case Tag::MIN_SECONDS_BETWEEN_OPS:
-        case Tag::MAX_USES_PER_BOOT:
-        case Tag::OS_VERSION:
-        case Tag::OS_PATCHLEVEL:
-        case Tag::MAC_LENGTH:
-        case Tag::USER_ID:
-        case Tag::AUTH_TIMEOUT:
-        case Tag::VENDOR_PATCHLEVEL:
-        case Tag::BOOT_PATCHLEVEL:
+        case TagType::ENUM:
+        case TagType::ENUM_REP:
+        case TagType::UINT:
+        case TagType::UINT_REP:
             return a.f.integer == b.f.integer;
-
-        /* Long integer tags */
-        case Tag::RSA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT:
-        case Tag::USER_SECURE_ID:
+        case TagType::ULONG:
+        case TagType::ULONG_REP:
             return a.f.longInteger == b.f.longInteger;
-
-        /* Date-time tags */
-        case Tag::ACTIVE_DATETIME:
-        case Tag::ORIGINATION_EXPIRE_DATETIME:
-        case Tag::USAGE_EXPIRE_DATETIME:
-        case Tag::CREATION_DATETIME:
+        case TagType::DATE:
             return a.f.dateTime == b.f.dateTime;
-
-        /* Bytes tags */
-        case Tag::APPLICATION_ID:
-        case Tag::APPLICATION_DATA:
-        case Tag::ROOT_OF_TRUST:
-        case Tag::UNIQUE_ID:
-        case Tag::ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE:
-        case Tag::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID:
-        case Tag::ATTESTATION_ID_BRAND:
-        case Tag::ATTESTATION_ID_DEVICE:
-        case Tag::ATTESTATION_ID_PRODUCT:
-        case Tag::ATTESTATION_ID_SERIAL:
-        case Tag::ATTESTATION_ID_IMEI:
-        case Tag::ATTESTATION_ID_MEID:
-        case Tag::ATTESTATION_ID_MANUFACTURER:
-        case Tag::ATTESTATION_ID_MODEL:
-        case Tag::ASSOCIATED_DATA:
-        case Tag::CONFIRMATION_TOKEN:
-        case Tag::NONCE:
-            return a.blob == b.blob;
-
-        /* Enum tags */
-        case Tag::PURPOSE:
-            return a.f.purpose == b.f.purpose;
-        case Tag::ALGORITHM:
-            return a.f.algorithm == b.f.algorithm;
-        case Tag::BLOCK_MODE:
-            return a.f.blockMode == b.f.blockMode;
-        case Tag::DIGEST:
-            return a.f.digest == b.f.digest;
-        case Tag::PADDING:
-            return a.f.paddingMode == b.f.paddingMode;
-        case Tag::EC_CURVE:
-            return a.f.ecCurve == b.f.ecCurve;
-        case Tag::BLOB_USAGE_REQUIREMENTS:
-            return a.f.keyBlobUsageRequirements == b.f.keyBlobUsageRequirements;
-        case Tag::USER_AUTH_TYPE:
-            return a.f.integer == b.f.integer;
-        case Tag::ORIGIN:
-            return a.f.origin == b.f.origin;
-        case Tag::HARDWARE_TYPE:
-            return a.f.hardwareType == b.f.hardwareType;
+        case TagType::BIGNUM:
+        case TagType::BYTES:
+            if (a.blob.size() != b.blob.size()) return false;
+            return a.blob.size() == 0 || memcmp(&a.blob[0], &b.blob[0], a.blob.size()) == 0;
     }
-
     return false;
 }
 
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/keymaster_utils.h b/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/keymaster_utils.h
index 5e5ae8d..61645f8 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/keymaster_utils.h
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/keymaster_utils.h
@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@
 HardwareAuthToken hidlVec2AuthToken(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& buffer);
 hidl_vec<uint8_t> authToken2HidlVec(const HardwareAuthToken& token);
 
+uint32_t getOsVersion();
+uint32_t getOsPatchlevel();
+
 }  // namespace support
 }  // namespace V4_0
 }  // namespace keymaster
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/openssl_utils.h b/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/openssl_utils.h
index cc71dd1..b3869f4 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/openssl_utils.h
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/openssl_utils.h
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 #define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_4_0_SUPPORT_OPENSSL_UTILS_H_
 
 #include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.0/types.h>
+#include <openssl/evp.h>
+#include <openssl/x509.h>
 
 template <typename T, void (*F)(T*)>
 struct UniquePtrDeleter {
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/keymaster_utils.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/support/keymaster_utils.cpp
index e35fdd3..850a776 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/keymaster_utils.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/support/keymaster_utils.cpp
@@ -14,11 +14,13 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <regex.h>
+
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <hardware/hw_auth_token.h>
 #include <keymasterV4_0/keymaster_utils.h>
 
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
+namespace android::hardware {
 
 inline static bool operator<(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& a, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& b) {
     auto result = memcmp(a.data(), b.data(), std::min(a.size(), b.size()));
@@ -32,8 +34,7 @@
     return memcmp(a.data(), b.data(), SIZE) == -1;
 }
 
-namespace keymaster {
-namespace V4_0 {
+namespace keymaster::V4_0 {
 
 bool operator<(const HmacSharingParameters& a, const HmacSharingParameters& b) {
     return std::tie(a.seed, a.nonce) < std::tie(b.seed, b.nonce);
@@ -58,9 +59,9 @@
 
 hidl_vec<uint8_t> authToken2HidlVec(const HardwareAuthToken& token) {
     static_assert(1 /* version size */ + sizeof(token.challenge) + sizeof(token.userId) +
-                          sizeof(token.authenticatorId) + sizeof(token.authenticatorType) +
-                          sizeof(token.timestamp) + kHmacSize ==
-                      sizeof(hw_auth_token_t),
+                                  sizeof(token.authenticatorId) + sizeof(token.authenticatorType) +
+                                  sizeof(token.timestamp) + kHmacSize ==
+                          sizeof(hw_auth_token_t),
                   "HardwareAuthToken content size does not match hw_auth_token_t size");
 
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> result;
@@ -86,9 +87,9 @@
 HardwareAuthToken hidlVec2AuthToken(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& buffer) {
     HardwareAuthToken token;
     static_assert(1 /* version size */ + sizeof(token.challenge) + sizeof(token.userId) +
-                          sizeof(token.authenticatorId) + sizeof(token.authenticatorType) +
-                          sizeof(token.timestamp) + kHmacSize ==
-                      sizeof(hw_auth_token_t),
+                                  sizeof(token.authenticatorId) + sizeof(token.authenticatorType) +
+                                  sizeof(token.timestamp) + kHmacSize ==
+                          sizeof(hw_auth_token_t),
                   "HardwareAuthToken content size does not match hw_auth_token_t size");
 
     if (buffer.size() != sizeof(hw_auth_token_t)) return {};
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@
     pos = copy_bytes_from_iterator(&token.authenticatorId, pos);
     pos = copy_bytes_from_iterator(&token.authenticatorType, pos);
     token.authenticatorType = static_cast<HardwareAuthenticatorType>(
-        ntohl(static_cast<uint32_t>(token.authenticatorType)));
+            ntohl(static_cast<uint32_t>(token.authenticatorType)));
     pos = copy_bytes_from_iterator(&token.timestamp, pos);
     token.timestamp = ntohq(token.timestamp);
     token.mac.resize(kHmacSize);
@@ -109,8 +110,93 @@
     return token;
 }
 
+namespace {
+
+constexpr char kPlatformVersionProp[] = "ro.build.version.release";
+constexpr char kPlatformVersionRegex[] = "^([0-9]{1,2})(\\.([0-9]{1,2}))?(\\.([0-9]{1,2}))?";
+constexpr size_t kMajorVersionMatch = 1;
+constexpr size_t kMinorVersionMatch = 3;
+constexpr size_t kSubminorVersionMatch = 5;
+constexpr size_t kPlatformVersionMatchCount = kSubminorVersionMatch + 1;
+
+constexpr char kPlatformPatchlevelProp[] = "ro.build.version.security_patch";
+constexpr char kPlatformPatchlevelRegex[] = "^([0-9]{4})-([0-9]{2})-[0-9]{2}$";
+constexpr size_t kYearMatch = 1;
+constexpr size_t kMonthMatch = 2;
+constexpr size_t kPlatformPatchlevelMatchCount = kMonthMatch + 1;
+
+uint32_t match_to_uint32(const char* expression, const regmatch_t& match) {
+    if (match.rm_so == -1) return 0;
+
+    size_t len = match.rm_eo - match.rm_so;
+    std::string s(expression + match.rm_so, len);
+    return std::stoul(s);
+}
+
+std::string wait_and_get_property(const char* prop) {
+    std::string prop_value;
+    while (!android::base::WaitForPropertyCreation(prop))
+        ;
+    prop_value = android::base::GetProperty(prop, "" /* default */);
+    return prop_value;
+}
+
+}  // anonymous namespace
+
+uint32_t getOsVersion(const char* version_str) {
+    regex_t regex;
+    if (regcomp(&regex, kPlatformVersionRegex, REG_EXTENDED)) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    regmatch_t matches[kPlatformVersionMatchCount];
+    int not_match =
+            regexec(&regex, version_str, kPlatformVersionMatchCount, matches, 0 /* flags */);
+    regfree(&regex);
+    if (not_match) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t major = match_to_uint32(version_str, matches[kMajorVersionMatch]);
+    uint32_t minor = match_to_uint32(version_str, matches[kMinorVersionMatch]);
+    uint32_t subminor = match_to_uint32(version_str, matches[kSubminorVersionMatch]);
+
+    return (major * 100 + minor) * 100 + subminor;
+}
+
+uint32_t getOsVersion() {
+    std::string version = wait_and_get_property(kPlatformVersionProp);
+    return getOsVersion(version.c_str());
+}
+
+uint32_t getOsPatchlevel(const char* patchlevel_str) {
+    regex_t regex;
+    if (regcomp(&regex, kPlatformPatchlevelRegex, REG_EXTENDED) != 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    regmatch_t matches[kPlatformPatchlevelMatchCount];
+    int not_match =
+            regexec(&regex, patchlevel_str, kPlatformPatchlevelMatchCount, matches, 0 /* flags */);
+    regfree(&regex);
+    if (not_match) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t year = match_to_uint32(patchlevel_str, matches[kYearMatch]);
+    uint32_t month = match_to_uint32(patchlevel_str, matches[kMonthMatch]);
+
+    if (month < 1 || month > 12) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    return year * 100 + month;
+}
+
+uint32_t getOsPatchlevel() {
+    std::string patchlevel = wait_and_get_property(kPlatformPatchlevelProp);
+    return getOsPatchlevel(patchlevel.c_str());
+}
+
 }  // namespace support
-}  // namespace V4_0
-}  // namespace keymaster
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace keymaster::V4_0
+}  // namespace android::hardware
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 0401362..db50080 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: [
         "HmacKeySharingTest.cpp",
-        "KeymasterHidlTest.cpp",
         "VerificationTokenTest.cpp",
         "keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp",
     ],
@@ -27,7 +26,25 @@
         "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
         "libcrypto_static",
         "libkeymaster4support",
-        "libsoftkeymasterdevice",
+        "libkeymaster4vtstest",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test_library {
+    name: "libkeymaster4vtstest",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "KeymasterHidlTest.cpp",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        ".",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
+        "libkeymaster4support",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dcf7129
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalKeymasterV4_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalKeymasterV4_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalKeymasterV4_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalKeymasterV4_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="900000"/>
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/HmacKeySharingTest.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/HmacKeySharingTest.cpp
index f159796..f57a668 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/HmacKeySharingTest.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/HmacKeySharingTest.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,16 @@
  */
 class HmacKeySharingTest : public KeymasterHidlTest {
    protected:
+     const std::vector<sp<IKeymasterDevice>>& allKeymasters() {
+         if (all_keymasters_.empty()) {
+             auto names = android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IKeymasterDevice::descriptor);
+             for (const auto& name : names) {
+                 all_keymasters_.push_back(IKeymasterDevice::getService(name));
+             }
+         }
+         return all_keymasters_;
+     }
+
     struct GetParamsResult {
         ErrorCode error;
         HmacSharingParameters params;
@@ -99,9 +109,14 @@
             EXPECT_EQ(expected, response.sharing_check) << "Sharing check values should match.";
         }
     }
+
+  private:
+    static std::vector<sp<IKeymasterDevice>> all_keymasters_;
 };
 
-TEST_F(HmacKeySharingTest, GetParameters) {
+std::vector<sp<IKeymasterDevice>> HmacKeySharingTest::all_keymasters_;
+
+TEST_P(HmacKeySharingTest, GetParameters) {
     auto result1 = getHmacSharingParameters(keymaster());
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, result1.error);
 
@@ -114,27 +129,27 @@
         << "A given keymaster should always return the same nonce until restart.";
 }
 
-TEST_F(HmacKeySharingTest, ComputeSharedHmac) {
-    auto params = getHmacSharingParameters(all_keymasters());
-    ASSERT_EQ(all_keymasters().size(), params.size())
-        << "One or more keymasters failed to provide parameters.";
+TEST_P(HmacKeySharingTest, ComputeSharedHmac) {
+    auto params = getHmacSharingParameters(allKeymasters());
+    ASSERT_EQ(allKeymasters().size(), params.size())
+            << "One or more keymasters failed to provide parameters.";
 
     auto nonces = copyNonces(params);
-    EXPECT_EQ(all_keymasters().size(), nonces.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(allKeymasters().size(), nonces.size());
     std::sort(nonces.begin(), nonces.end());
     std::unique(nonces.begin(), nonces.end());
-    EXPECT_EQ(all_keymasters().size(), nonces.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(allKeymasters().size(), nonces.size());
 
-    auto responses = computeSharedHmac(all_keymasters(), params);
+    auto responses = computeSharedHmac(allKeymasters(), params);
     ASSERT_GT(responses.size(), 0U);
     verifyResponses(responses[0].sharing_check, responses);
 
     // Do it a second time.  Should get the same answers.
-    params = getHmacSharingParameters(all_keymasters());
-    ASSERT_EQ(all_keymasters().size(), params.size())
-        << "One or more keymasters failed to provide parameters.";
+    params = getHmacSharingParameters(allKeymasters());
+    ASSERT_EQ(allKeymasters().size(), params.size())
+            << "One or more keymasters failed to provide parameters.";
 
-    responses = computeSharedHmac(all_keymasters(), params);
+    responses = computeSharedHmac(allKeymasters(), params);
     ASSERT_GT(responses.size(), 0U);
     ASSERT_EQ(32U, responses[0].sharing_check.size());
     verifyResponses(responses[0].sharing_check, responses);
@@ -143,8 +158,8 @@
 template <class F>
 class final_action {
    public:
-    explicit final_action(F f) : f_(move(f)) {}
-    ~final_action() { f_(); }
+     explicit final_action(F f) : f_(std::move(f)) {}
+     ~final_action() { f_(); }
 
    private:
     F f_;
@@ -155,20 +170,21 @@
     return final_action<F>(f);
 }
 
-TEST_F(HmacKeySharingTest, ComputeSharedHmacCorruptNonce) {
+TEST_P(HmacKeySharingTest, ComputeSharedHmacCorruptNonce) {
     // Important: The execution of this test gets the keymaster implementations on the device out of
     // sync with respect to the HMAC key.  Granted that VTS tests aren't run on in-use production
     // devices, this still has the potential to cause confusion.  To mitigate that, we always
     // (barring crashes :-/) re-run the unmodified agreement process on our way out.
-    auto fixup_hmac = finally(
-        [&]() { computeSharedHmac(all_keymasters(), getHmacSharingParameters(all_keymasters())); });
+    auto fixup_hmac = finally([&]() {
+        computeSharedHmac(allKeymasters(), getHmacSharingParameters(allKeymasters()));
+    });
 
-    auto params = getHmacSharingParameters(all_keymasters());
-    ASSERT_EQ(all_keymasters().size(), params.size())
-        << "One or more keymasters failed to provide parameters.";
+    auto params = getHmacSharingParameters(allKeymasters());
+    ASSERT_EQ(allKeymasters().size(), params.size())
+            << "One or more keymasters failed to provide parameters.";
 
     // All should be well in the normal case
-    auto responses = computeSharedHmac(all_keymasters(), params);
+    auto responses = computeSharedHmac(allKeymasters(), params);
 
     ASSERT_GT(responses.size(), 0U);
     HidlBuf correct_response = responses[0].sharing_check;
@@ -181,7 +197,7 @@
     uint8_t bit_to_tweak = rand() % 8;
     params[param_to_tweak].nonce[byte_to_tweak] ^= (1 << bit_to_tweak);
 
-    responses = computeSharedHmac(all_keymasters(), params);
+    responses = computeSharedHmac(allKeymasters(), params);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < responses.size(); ++i) {
         if (i == param_to_tweak) {
             EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT, responses[i].error)
@@ -194,20 +210,21 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(HmacKeySharingTest, ComputeSharedHmacCorruptSeed) {
+TEST_P(HmacKeySharingTest, ComputeSharedHmacCorruptSeed) {
     // Important: The execution of this test gets the keymaster implementations on the device out of
     // sync with respect to the HMAC key.  Granted that VTS tests aren't run on in-use production
     // devices, this still has the potential to cause confusion.  To mitigate that, we always
     // (barring crashes :-/) re-run the unmodified agreement process on our way out.
-    auto fixup_hmac = finally(
-        [&]() { computeSharedHmac(all_keymasters(), getHmacSharingParameters(all_keymasters())); });
+    auto fixup_hmac = finally([&]() {
+        computeSharedHmac(allKeymasters(), getHmacSharingParameters(allKeymasters()));
+    });
 
-    auto params = getHmacSharingParameters(all_keymasters());
-    ASSERT_EQ(all_keymasters().size(), params.size())
-        << "One or more keymasters failed to provide parameters.";
+    auto params = getHmacSharingParameters(allKeymasters());
+    ASSERT_EQ(allKeymasters().size(), params.size())
+            << "One or more keymasters failed to provide parameters.";
 
     // All should be well in the normal case
-    auto responses = computeSharedHmac(all_keymasters(), params);
+    auto responses = computeSharedHmac(allKeymasters(), params);
 
     ASSERT_GT(responses.size(), 0U);
     HidlBuf correct_response = responses[0].sharing_check;
@@ -223,7 +240,7 @@
     }
     to_tweak[0]++;
 
-    responses = computeSharedHmac(all_keymasters(), params);
+    responses = computeSharedHmac(allKeymasters(), params);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < responses.size(); ++i) {
         if (i == param_to_tweak) {
             EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT, responses[i].error)
@@ -236,6 +253,8 @@
     }
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(HmacKeySharingTest);
+
 }  // namespace test
 }  // namespace V4_0
 }  // namespace keymaster
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.cpp
index 4838e7e..d0ad433 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <android/hidl/manager/1.0/IServiceManager.h>
 
 #include <keymasterV4_0/key_param_output.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_0/keymaster_utils.h>
 
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
@@ -41,50 +42,26 @@
 
 namespace test {
 
-sp<IKeymasterDevice> KeymasterHidlTest::keymaster_;
-std::vector<sp<IKeymasterDevice>> KeymasterHidlTest::all_keymasters_;
-uint32_t KeymasterHidlTest::os_version_;
-uint32_t KeymasterHidlTest::os_patch_level_;
-SecurityLevel KeymasterHidlTest::securityLevel_;
-hidl_string KeymasterHidlTest::name_;
-hidl_string KeymasterHidlTest::author_;
-string KeymasterHidlTest::service_name_;
+using namespace std::literals::chrono_literals;
 
-void KeymasterHidlTest::InitializeKeymaster() {
-    service_name_ = KeymasterHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IKeymasterDevice>();
-    keymaster_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IKeymasterDevice>(service_name_);
-    ASSERT_NE(keymaster_, nullptr);
-
+void KeymasterHidlTest::InitializeKeymaster(sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster) {
+    ASSERT_NE(keymaster, nullptr);
+    keymaster_ = keymaster;
     ASSERT_TRUE(keymaster_
-                    ->getHardwareInfo([&](SecurityLevel securityLevel, const hidl_string& name,
-                                          const hidl_string& author) {
-                        securityLevel_ = securityLevel;
-                        name_ = name;
-                        author_ = author;
-                    })
-                    .isOk());
+                        ->getHardwareInfo([&](SecurityLevel securityLevel, const hidl_string& name,
+                                              const hidl_string& author) {
+                            securityLevel_ = securityLevel;
+                            name_ = name;
+                            author_ = author;
+                        })
+                        .isOk());
+
+    os_version_ = support::getOsVersion();
+    os_patch_level_ = support::getOsPatchlevel();
 }
 
-void KeymasterHidlTest::SetUpTestCase() {
-
-    InitializeKeymaster();
-
-    os_version_ = ::keymaster::GetOsVersion();
-    os_patch_level_ = ::keymaster::GetOsPatchlevel();
-
-    auto service_manager = android::hidl::manager::V1_0::IServiceManager::getService();
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, service_manager.get());
-    all_keymasters_.push_back(keymaster_);
-    service_manager->listByInterface(
-        IKeymasterDevice::descriptor, [&](const hidl_vec<hidl_string>& names) {
-            for (auto& name : names) {
-                if (name == service_name_) continue;
-                auto keymaster =
-                    ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IKeymasterDevice>(name);
-                ASSERT_NE(keymaster, nullptr);
-                all_keymasters_.push_back(keymaster);
-            }
-        });
+void KeymasterHidlTest::SetUp() {
+    InitializeKeymaster(IKeymasterDevice::getService(GetParam()));
 }
 
 ErrorCode KeymasterHidlTest::GenerateKey(const AuthorizationSet& key_desc, HidlBuf* key_blob,
@@ -149,7 +126,7 @@
                                               string masking_key,
                                               const AuthorizationSet& unwrapping_params) {
     ErrorCode error;
-    ImportKey(wrapping_key_desc, KeyFormat::PKCS8, wrapping_key);
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(wrapping_key_desc, KeyFormat::PKCS8, wrapping_key));
     EXPECT_TRUE(keymaster_
                     ->importWrappedKey(HidlBuf(wrapped_key), key_blob_, HidlBuf(masking_key),
                                        unwrapping_params.hidl_data(), 0 /* passwordSid */,
@@ -212,29 +189,15 @@
     CheckedDeleteKey(&key_blob_);
 }
 
-void KeymasterHidlTest::CheckCreationDateTime(
-        const AuthorizationSet& sw_enforced,
-        std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> creation) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < sw_enforced.size(); i++) {
-        if (sw_enforced[i].tag == TAG_CREATION_DATETIME) {
-            std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> now =
-                    std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-            std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> reported_time{
-                    std::chrono::milliseconds(sw_enforced[i].f.dateTime)};
-            // The test is flaky for EC keys, so a buffer time of 120 seconds will be added.
-            EXPECT_LE(creation - 120s, reported_time);
-            EXPECT_LE(reported_time, now + 1s);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 void KeymasterHidlTest::CheckGetCharacteristics(const HidlBuf& key_blob, const HidlBuf& client_id,
                                                 const HidlBuf& app_data,
                                                 KeyCharacteristics* key_characteristics) {
     HidlBuf empty_buf = {};
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GetCharacteristics(key_blob, client_id, app_data, key_characteristics));
-    EXPECT_GT(key_characteristics->hardwareEnforced.size(), 0);
+    if (SecLevel() != SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE) {
+        EXPECT_GT(key_characteristics->hardwareEnforced.size(), 0);
+    }
     EXPECT_GT(key_characteristics->softwareEnforced.size(), 0);
 
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INVALID_KEY_BLOB,
@@ -674,23 +637,25 @@
     switch (algorithm) {
         case Algorithm::RSA:
             switch (SecLevel()) {
+                case SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE:
                 case SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT:
                     return {2048, 3072, 4096};
                 case SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX:
                     return {2048};
                 default:
-                    CHECK(false) << "Invalid security level " << uint32_t(SecLevel());
+                    ADD_FAILURE() << "Invalid security level " << uint32_t(SecLevel());
                     break;
             }
             break;
         case Algorithm::EC:
             switch (SecLevel()) {
+                case SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE:
                 case SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT:
                     return {224, 256, 384, 521};
                 case SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX:
                     return {256};
                 default:
-                    CHECK(false) << "Invalid security level " << uint32_t(SecLevel());
+                    ADD_FAILURE() << "Invalid security level " << uint32_t(SecLevel());
                     break;
             }
             break;
@@ -705,25 +670,27 @@
             return retval;
         }
         default:
-            CHECK(false) << "Invalid Algorithm: " << algorithm;
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "Invalid Algorithm: " << algorithm;
             return {};
     }
-    CHECK(false) << "Should be impossible to get here";
+    ADD_FAILURE() << "Should be impossible to get here";
     return {};
 }
+
 std::vector<uint32_t> KeymasterHidlTest::InvalidKeySizes(Algorithm algorithm) {
-    if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT) return {};
-    CHECK(SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX);
-    switch (algorithm) {
-        case Algorithm::RSA:
-            return {3072, 4096};
-        case Algorithm::EC:
-            return {224, 384, 521};
-        case Algorithm::AES:
-            return {192};
-        default:
-            return {};
+    if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
+        switch (algorithm) {
+            case Algorithm::RSA:
+                return {3072, 4096};
+            case Algorithm::EC:
+                return {224, 384, 521};
+            case Algorithm::AES:
+                return {192};
+            default:
+                return {};
+        }
     }
+    return {};
 }
 
 std::vector<EcCurve> KeymasterHidlTest::ValidCurves() {
@@ -742,6 +709,7 @@
 
 std::vector<Digest> KeymasterHidlTest::ValidDigests(bool withNone, bool withMD5) {
     switch (SecLevel()) {
+        case SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE:
         case SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT:
             if (withNone) {
                 if (withMD5)
@@ -767,10 +735,10 @@
                 return {Digest::SHA_2_256};
             break;
         default:
-            CHECK(false) << "Invalid security level " << uint32_t(SecLevel());
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "Invalid security level " << uint32_t(SecLevel());
             break;
     }
-    CHECK(false) << "Should be impossible to get here";
+    ADD_FAILURE() << "Should be impossible to get here";
     return {};
 }
 
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.h b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.h
index b09da45..f495516 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.h
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.h
@@ -14,15 +14,13 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_VTS_FUNCTIONAL_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST_H_
-#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_VTS_FUNCTIONAL_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST_H_
+#pragma once
 
 #include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.0/IKeymasterDevice.h>
 #include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.0/types.h>
-
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
-#include <keymaster/keymaster_configuration.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <keymasterV4_0/authorization_set.h>
 
@@ -36,16 +34,18 @@
 namespace test {
 
 using ::android::sp;
-using ::std::string;
 using hidl::base::V1_0::DebugInfo;
+using ::std::string;
 
 class HidlBuf : public hidl_vec<uint8_t> {
-    typedef hidl_vec<uint8_t> super;
+    using super = hidl_vec<uint8_t>;
 
-   public:
+  public:
     HidlBuf() {}
     HidlBuf(const super& other) : super(other) {}
-    HidlBuf(super&& other) : super(std::move(other)) {}
+    HidlBuf(super&& other) : super(std::move(other)) { other = {}; }
+    HidlBuf(const HidlBuf& other) : super(other) {}
+    HidlBuf(HidlBuf&& other) : super(std::move(other)) { other = HidlBuf(); }
     explicit HidlBuf(const std::string& other) : HidlBuf() { *this = other; }
 
     HidlBuf& operator=(const super& other) {
@@ -55,6 +55,18 @@
 
     HidlBuf& operator=(super&& other) {
         super::operator=(std::move(other));
+        other = {};
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    HidlBuf& operator=(const HidlBuf& other) {
+        super::operator=(other);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    HidlBuf& operator=(HidlBuf&& other) {
+        super::operator=(std::move(other));
+        other.super::operator=({});
         return *this;
     }
 
@@ -69,24 +81,9 @@
 
 constexpr uint64_t kOpHandleSentinel = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF;
 
-class KeymasterHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static KeymasterHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static KeymasterHidlEnvironment* instance = new KeymasterHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IKeymasterDevice>(); }
-
-   private:
-    KeymasterHidlEnvironment(){};
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(KeymasterHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class KeymasterHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
+class KeymasterHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    void SetUp() override;
     void TearDown() override {
         if (key_blob_.size()) {
             CheckedDeleteKey();
@@ -94,18 +91,10 @@
         AbortIfNeeded();
     }
 
-    // SetUpTestCase runs only once per test case, not once per test.
-    static void SetUpTestCase();
-    static void InitializeKeymaster();
-    static void TearDownTestCase() {
-        keymaster_.clear();
-        all_keymasters_.clear();
-    }
-
-    static IKeymasterDevice& keymaster() { return *keymaster_; }
-    static const std::vector<sp<IKeymasterDevice>>& all_keymasters() { return all_keymasters_; }
-    static uint32_t os_version() { return os_version_; }
-    static uint32_t os_patch_level() { return os_patch_level_; }
+    void InitializeKeymaster(sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster);
+    IKeymasterDevice& keymaster() { return *keymaster_; }
+    uint32_t os_version() { return os_version_; }
+    uint32_t os_patch_level() { return os_patch_level_; }
 
     ErrorCode GenerateKey(const AuthorizationSet& key_desc, HidlBuf* key_blob,
                           KeyCharacteristics* key_characteristics);
@@ -133,9 +122,6 @@
     void CheckedDeleteKey(HidlBuf* key_blob, bool keep_key_blob = false);
     void CheckedDeleteKey();
 
-    static void CheckCreationDateTime(const AuthorizationSet& sw_enforced,
-                                      std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> creation);
-
     void CheckGetCharacteristics(const HidlBuf& key_blob, const HidlBuf& client_id,
                                  const HidlBuf& app_data, KeyCharacteristics* key_characteristics);
     ErrorCode GetCharacteristics(const HidlBuf& key_blob, const HidlBuf& client_id,
@@ -216,8 +202,8 @@
 
     std::pair<ErrorCode, HidlBuf> UpgradeKey(const HidlBuf& key_blob);
 
-    static bool IsSecure() { return securityLevel_ != SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE; }
-    static SecurityLevel SecLevel() { return securityLevel_; }
+    bool IsSecure() { return securityLevel_ != SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE; }
+    SecurityLevel SecLevel() { return securityLevel_; }
 
     std::vector<uint32_t> ValidKeySizes(Algorithm algorithm);
     std::vector<uint32_t> InvalidKeySizes(Algorithm algorithm);
@@ -232,22 +218,28 @@
     KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics_;
     OperationHandle op_handle_ = kOpHandleSentinel;
 
-   private:
-    static sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster_;
-    static std::vector<sp<IKeymasterDevice>> all_keymasters_;
-    static uint32_t os_version_;
-    static uint32_t os_patch_level_;
+    static std::vector<std::string> build_params() {
+        auto params = android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IKeymasterDevice::descriptor);
+        return params;
+    }
 
-    static SecurityLevel securityLevel_;
-    static hidl_string name_;
-    static hidl_string author_;
-    static string service_name_;
+  private:
+    sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster_;
+    uint32_t os_version_;
+    uint32_t os_patch_level_;
+
+    SecurityLevel securityLevel_;
+    hidl_string name_;
+    hidl_string author_;
 };
 
+#define INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(name)                                      \
+    INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, name,                                    \
+                             testing::ValuesIn(KeymasterHidlTest::build_params()), \
+                             android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString)
+
 }  // namespace test
 }  // namespace V4_0
 }  // namespace keymaster
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-
-#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_VTS_FUNCTIONAL_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST_H_
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/VerificationTokenTest.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/VerificationTokenTest.cpp
index de28683..bab1439 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/VerificationTokenTest.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/VerificationTokenTest.cpp
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
  * thing we really can test is that tokens can be created by TEE keymasters, and that the
  * timestamps increase as expected.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationTokenTest, TestCreation) {
+TEST_P(VerificationTokenTest, TestCreation) {
     auto result1 = verifyAuthorization(
         1 /* operation handle */, AuthorizationSet() /* paramtersToVerify */, HardwareAuthToken());
     ASSERT_TRUE(result1.callSuccessful);
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
  * stamp is included in the mac but on failure we know that it is not. Other than in the test
  * case above we call verifyAuthorization with the exact same set of parameters.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationTokenTest, MacChangesOnChangingTimestamp) {
+TEST_P(VerificationTokenTest, MacChangesOnChangingTimestamp) {
     auto result1 =
             verifyAuthorization(0 /* operation handle */,
                                 AuthorizationSet() /* paramtersToVerify */, HardwareAuthToken());
@@ -185,6 +185,8 @@
               memcmp(result1.token.mac.data(), result2.token.mac.data(), result1.token.mac.size()));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(VerificationTokenTest);
+
 }  // namespace test
 }  // namespace V4_0
 }  // namespace keymaster
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index 0e12283..6cbe4da 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -320,8 +320,7 @@
 bool verify_attestation_record(const string& challenge, const string& app_id,
                                AuthorizationSet expected_sw_enforced,
                                AuthorizationSet expected_hw_enforced, SecurityLevel security_level,
-                               const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& attestation_cert,
-                               std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> creation_time) {
+                               const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& attestation_cert) {
     X509_Ptr cert(parse_cert_blob(attestation_cert));
     EXPECT_TRUE(!!cert.get());
     if (!cert.get()) return false;
@@ -353,11 +352,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, error);
     if (error != ErrorCode::OK) return false;
 
-    EXPECT_TRUE(att_attestation_version == 3);
+    EXPECT_GE(att_attestation_version, 3U);
 
     expected_sw_enforced.push_back(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, HidlBuf(app_id));
 
-    EXPECT_EQ(att_keymaster_version, 4U);
+    EXPECT_GE(att_keymaster_version, 4U);
     EXPECT_EQ(security_level, att_keymaster_security_level);
     EXPECT_EQ(security_level, att_attestation_security_level);
 
@@ -398,15 +397,19 @@
     // true. A provided boolean tag that can be pulled back out of the certificate indicates correct
     // encoding. No need to check if it's in both lists, since the AuthorizationSet compare below
     // will handle mismatches of tags.
-    EXPECT_TRUE(expected_hw_enforced.Contains(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED));
+    if (security_level == SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(expected_sw_enforced.Contains(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED));
+    } else {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(expected_hw_enforced.Contains(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED));
+    }
 
     // Alternatively this checks the opposite - a false boolean tag (one that isn't provided in
     // the authorization list during key generation) isn't being attested to in the certificate.
+    EXPECT_FALSE(expected_sw_enforced.Contains(TAG_TRUSTED_USER_PRESENCE_REQUIRED));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(att_sw_enforced.Contains(TAG_TRUSTED_USER_PRESENCE_REQUIRED));
     EXPECT_FALSE(expected_hw_enforced.Contains(TAG_TRUSTED_USER_PRESENCE_REQUIRED));
     EXPECT_FALSE(att_hw_enforced.Contains(TAG_TRUSTED_USER_PRESENCE_REQUIRED));
 
-    KeymasterHidlTest::CheckCreationDateTime(att_sw_enforced, creation_time);
-
     if (att_hw_enforced.Contains(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC)) {
         // For ECDSA keys, either an EC_CURVE or a KEY_SIZE can be specified, but one must be.
         EXPECT_TRUE(att_hw_enforced.Contains(TAG_EC_CURVE) ||
@@ -423,27 +426,33 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, error);
 
     if (avb_verification_enabled()) {
-        property_get("ro.boot.vbmeta.digest", property_value, "nogood");
-        EXPECT_NE(strcmp(property_value, "nogood"), 0);
+        EXPECT_NE(property_get("ro.boot.vbmeta.digest", property_value, ""), 0);
         string prop_string(property_value);
         EXPECT_EQ(prop_string.size(), 64);
         EXPECT_EQ(prop_string, bin2hex(verified_boot_hash));
 
-        property_get("ro.boot.vbmeta.device_state", property_value, "nogood");
-        EXPECT_NE(strcmp(property_value, "nogood"), 0);
+        EXPECT_NE(property_get("ro.boot.vbmeta.device_state", property_value, ""), 0);
         if (!strcmp(property_value, "unlocked")) {
             EXPECT_FALSE(device_locked);
         } else {
             EXPECT_TRUE(device_locked);
         }
+
+        // Check that the expected result from VBMeta matches the build type. Only a user build
+        // should have AVB reporting the device is locked.
+        EXPECT_NE(property_get("ro.build.type", property_value, ""), 0);
+        if (!strcmp(property_value, "user")) {
+            EXPECT_TRUE(device_locked);
+        } else {
+            EXPECT_FALSE(device_locked);
+        }
     }
 
     // Verified boot key should be all 0's if the boot state is not verified or self signed
     std::string empty_boot_key(32, '\0');
     std::string verified_boot_key_str((const char*)verified_boot_key.data(),
                                       verified_boot_key.size());
-    property_get("ro.boot.verifiedbootstate", property_value, "nogood");
-    EXPECT_NE(property_value, "nogood");
+    EXPECT_NE(property_get("ro.boot.verifiedbootstate", property_value, ""), 0);
     if (!strcmp(property_value, "green")) {
         EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_state, KM_VERIFIED_BOOT_VERIFIED);
         EXPECT_NE(0, memcmp(verified_boot_key.data(), empty_boot_key.data(),
@@ -458,10 +467,10 @@
                             verified_boot_key.size()));
     } else if (!strcmp(property_value, "red")) {
         EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_state, KM_VERIFIED_BOOT_FAILED);
-        EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp(verified_boot_key.data(), empty_boot_key.data(),
-                            verified_boot_key.size()));
     } else {
-        EXPECT_TRUE(false);
+        EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_state, KM_VERIFIED_BOOT_UNVERIFIED);
+        EXPECT_NE(0, memcmp(verified_boot_key.data(), empty_boot_key.data(),
+                            verified_boot_key.size()));
     }
 
     att_sw_enforced.Sort();
@@ -522,14 +531,14 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster can generate all required RSA key sizes, and that the resulting keys have
  * correct characteristics.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, Rsa) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, Rsa) {
     for (auto key_size : ValidKeySizes(Algorithm::RSA)) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                                 .RsaSigningKey(key_size, 3)
-                                                 .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                                 .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE),
+                                                     .RsaSigningKey(key_size, 65537)
+                                                     .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                                                     .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE),
                                              &key_blob, &key_characteristics));
 
         ASSERT_GT(key_blob.size(), 0U);
@@ -546,44 +555,27 @@
         EXPECT_TRUE(crypto_params.Contains(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::RSA));
         EXPECT_TRUE(crypto_params.Contains(TAG_KEY_SIZE, key_size))
             << "Key size " << key_size << "missing";
-        EXPECT_TRUE(crypto_params.Contains(TAG_RSA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, 3U));
+        EXPECT_TRUE(crypto_params.Contains(TAG_RSA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, 65537U));
 
         CheckedDeleteKey(&key_blob);
     }
 }
 
 /*
- * NewKeyGenerationTest.RsaCheckCreationDateTime
- *
- * Verifies that creation date time is correct.
- */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, RsaCheckCreationDateTime) {
-    KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
-    auto creation_time = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                                 .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                                 .RsaSigningKey(2048, 3)
-                                                 .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                                 .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)));
-    GetCharacteristics(key_blob_, &key_characteristics);
-    AuthorizationSet sw_enforced = key_characteristics.softwareEnforced;
-    CheckCreationDateTime(sw_enforced, creation_time);
-}
-
-/*
  * NewKeyGenerationTest.NoInvalidRsaSizes
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster cannot generate any RSA key sizes that are designated as invalid.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, NoInvalidRsaSizes) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, NoInvalidRsaSizes) {
     for (auto key_size : InvalidKeySizes(Algorithm::RSA)) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
-        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                                                   .RsaSigningKey(key_size, 3)
-                                                                   .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                                                   .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE),
-                                                               &key_blob, &key_characteristics));
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
+                  GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                      .RsaSigningKey(key_size, 65537)
+                                      .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                                      .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE),
+                              &key_blob, &key_characteristics));
     }
 }
 
@@ -592,7 +584,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that failing to specify a key size for RSA key generation returns UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, RsaNoDefaultSize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, RsaNoDefaultSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::RSA)
@@ -606,7 +598,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster can generate all required EC key sizes, and that the resulting keys have
  * correct characteristics.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, Ecdsa) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, Ecdsa) {
     for (auto key_size : ValidKeySizes(Algorithm::EC)) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
@@ -634,28 +626,11 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * NewKeyGenerationTest.EcCheckCreationDateTime
- *
- * Verifies that creation date time is correct.
- */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcCheckCreationDateTime) {
-    KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
-    auto creation_time = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                                 .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                                 .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
-                                                 .Digest(Digest::NONE)));
-    GetCharacteristics(key_blob_, &key_characteristics);
-    AuthorizationSet sw_enforced = key_characteristics.softwareEnforced;
-    CheckCreationDateTime(sw_enforced, creation_time);
-}
-
-/*
  * NewKeyGenerationTest.EcdsaDefaultSize
  *
  * Verifies that failing to specify a key size for EC key generation returns UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaDefaultSize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaDefaultSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC)
@@ -668,7 +643,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that specifying an invalid key size for EC key generation returns UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaInvalidSize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaInvalidSize) {
     for (auto key_size : InvalidKeySizes(Algorithm::EC)) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
@@ -688,7 +663,7 @@
  * Verifies that specifying mismatched key size and curve for EC key generation returns
  * INVALID_ARGUMENT.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaMismatchKeySize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaMismatchKeySize) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
 
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT,
@@ -703,7 +678,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster supports all required EC key sizes.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidSizes) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidSizes) {
     auto valid_sizes = ValidKeySizes(Algorithm::EC);
     for (size_t size : valid_sizes) {
         EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
@@ -719,7 +694,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster does not support any curve designated as unsupported.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidCurves) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidCurves) {
     Digest digest;
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
         digest = Digest::SHA_2_256;
@@ -742,7 +717,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster supports all required digests, and that the resulting keys have correct
  * characteristics.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, Hmac) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, Hmac) {
     for (auto digest : ValidDigests(false /* withNone */, true /* withMD5 */)) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
@@ -778,7 +753,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster supports all key sizes, and rejects all invalid key sizes.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckKeySizes) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckKeySizes) {
     for (size_t key_size = 0; key_size <= 512; ++key_size) {
         if (key_size < 64 || key_size % 8 != 0) {
             // To keep this test from being very slow, we only test a random fraction of non-byte
@@ -811,7 +786,7 @@
  * test is probabilistic in order to keep the runtime down, but any failure prints out the specific
  * MAC length that failed, so reproducing a failed run will be easy.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckMinMacLengths) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckMinMacLengths) {
     for (size_t min_mac_length = 0; min_mac_length <= 256; ++min_mac_length) {
         if (min_mac_length < 64 || min_mac_length % 8 != 0) {
             // To keep this test from being very long, we only test a random fraction of non-byte
@@ -843,7 +818,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects HMAC key generation with multiple specified digest algorithms.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacMultipleDigests) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacMultipleDigests) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
 
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_DIGEST,
@@ -859,7 +834,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects HMAC key generation with no digest or Digest::NONE
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacDigestNone) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacDigestNone) {
     ASSERT_EQ(
         ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_DIGEST,
         GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder().HmacKey(128).Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)));
@@ -871,6 +846,8 @@
                               .Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(NewKeyGenerationTest);
+
 typedef KeymasterHidlTest SigningOperationsTest;
 
 /*
@@ -878,7 +855,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -894,7 +871,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that getting RSA key characteristics requires the correct app ID/data.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaGetKeyCharacteristicsRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaGetKeyCharacteristicsRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
     HidlBuf key_blob;
     KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
@@ -915,7 +892,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that using an RSA key requires the correct app ID/data.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaUseRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaUseRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                   .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -957,7 +934,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA-PSS signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha256Success) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha256Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -975,7 +952,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects signature operations that specify a padding mode when the key
  * supports only unpadded operations.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPaddingNoneDoesNotAllowOther) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPaddingNoneDoesNotAllowOther) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -997,7 +974,7 @@
  * TRUSTED_CONFIRMATION_REQUIRED and no valid confirmation token
  * presented.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, NoUserConfirmation) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, NoUserConfirmation) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 65537)
@@ -1019,7 +996,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that digested RSA-PKCS1 signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Sha256Success) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Sha256Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -1036,7 +1013,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that undigested RSA-PKCS1 signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestSuccess) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1054,7 +1031,7 @@
  * Verifies that undigested RSA-PKCS1 signature operations fail with the correct error code when
  * given a too-long message.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestTooLong) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestTooLong) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1082,7 +1059,7 @@
  * uses SHA512, which has a digest_size == 512, so the message size is 1040 bits, too large for a
  * 1024-bit key.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha512TooSmallKey) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha512TooSmallKey) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 65537)
@@ -1101,7 +1078,7 @@
  * Verifies that raw RSA signature operations fail with the correct error code when
  * given a too-long message.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1135,7 +1112,7 @@
  * Verifies that operations can be aborted correctly.  Uses an RSA signing operation for the test,
  * but the behavior should be algorithm and purpose-independent.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaAbort) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaAbort) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1160,7 +1137,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA operations fail with the correct error (but key gen succeeds) when used with a
  * padding mode inappropriate for RSA.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaUnsupportedPadding) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaUnsupportedPadding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1177,7 +1154,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA PSS operations fail when no digest is used.  PSS requires a digest.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoDigest) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoDigest) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1197,7 +1174,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA operations fail when no padding mode is specified.  PaddingMode::NONE is
  * supported in some cases (as validated in other tests), but a mode must be specified.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPadding) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPadding) {
     // Padding must be specified
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1213,7 +1190,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA signatures succeed with a message shorter than the key size.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaTooShortMessage) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaTooShortMessage) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1234,7 +1211,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA encryption keys cannot be used to sign.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignWithEncryptionKey) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignWithEncryptionKey) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1251,7 +1228,7 @@
  * Verifies that attempting a raw signature of a message which is the same length as the key, but
  * numerically larger than the public modulus, fails with the correct error.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignTooLargeMessage) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignTooLargeMessage) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1273,7 +1250,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that ECDSA operations succeed with all possible key sizes and hashes.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllSizesAndHashes) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllSizesAndHashes) {
     for (auto key_size : ValidKeySizes(Algorithm::EC)) {
         for (auto digest : ValidDigests(false /* withNone */, false /* withMD5 */)) {
             ErrorCode error = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
@@ -1297,7 +1274,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that ECDSA operations succeed with all possible curves.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllCurves) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllCurves) {
     for (auto curve : ValidCurves()) {
         ErrorCode error = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                           .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1319,7 +1296,7 @@
  * work because ECDSA actually only signs the leftmost L_n bits of the message, however large it may
  * be.  Not using digesting is a bad idea, but in some cases digesting is done by the framework.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaNoDigestHugeData) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaNoDigestHugeData) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
@@ -1333,7 +1310,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that getting EC key characteristics requires the correct app ID/data.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcGetKeyCharacteristicsRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcGetKeyCharacteristicsRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
     HidlBuf key_blob;
     KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
@@ -1353,7 +1330,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that using an EC key requires the correct app ID/data.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcUseRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcUseRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                   .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1390,7 +1367,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempts to use AES keys to sign fail in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, AesEcbSign) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, AesEcbSign) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .SigningKey()
@@ -1409,7 +1386,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that HMAC works with all digests.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacAllDigests) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacAllDigests) {
     for (auto digest : ValidDigests(false /* withNone */, false /* withMD5 */)) {
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                                  .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1431,7 +1408,7 @@
  * Verifies that HMAC fails in the correct way when asked to generate a MAC larger than the digest
  * size.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooLargeMacLength) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooLargeMacLength) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -1452,7 +1429,7 @@
  * Verifies that HMAC fails in the correct way when asked to generate a MAC smaller than the
  * specified minimum MAC length.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooSmallMacLength) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooSmallMacLength) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -1472,7 +1449,7 @@
  *
  * Validates against the test vectors from RFC 4231 test case 3.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase3) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase3) {
     string key(20, 0xaa);
     string message(50, 0xdd);
     uint8_t sha_224_expected[] = {
@@ -1511,7 +1488,7 @@
  *
  * Validates against the test vectors from RFC 4231 test case 5.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase5) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase5) {
     string key(20, 0x0c);
     string message = "Test With Truncation";
 
@@ -1540,6 +1517,8 @@
     }
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(SigningOperationsTest);
+
 typedef KeymasterHidlTest VerificationOperationsTest;
 
 /*
@@ -1547,7 +1526,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that a simple RSA signature/verification sequence succeeds.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1565,7 +1544,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies RSA signature/verification for all padding modes and digests.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaAllPaddingsAndDigests) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaAllPaddingsAndDigests) {
     auto authorizations = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                               .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1659,7 +1638,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies ECDSA signature/verification for all digests and curves.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, EcdsaAllDigestsAndCurves) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, EcdsaAllDigestsAndCurves) {
     auto digests = ValidDigests(true /* withNone */, false /* withMD5 */);
 
     string message = "1234567890";
@@ -1739,7 +1718,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies HMAC signing and verification, but that a signing key cannot be used to verify.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, HmacSigningKeyCannotVerify) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, HmacSigningKeyCannotVerify) {
     string key_material = "HelloThisIsAKey";
 
     HidlBuf signing_key, verification_key;
@@ -1780,6 +1759,8 @@
     CheckedDeleteKey(&verification_key);
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(VerificationOperationsTest);
+
 typedef KeymasterHidlTest ExportKeyTest;
 
 /*
@@ -1787,7 +1768,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to export RSA keys in PKCS#8 format fails with the correct error.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, RsaUnsupportedKeyFormat) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, RsaUnsupportedKeyFormat) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1802,7 +1783,7 @@
  * Verifies that attempting to export RSA keys from corrupted key blobs fails.  This is essentially
  * a poor-man's key blob fuzzer.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, RsaCorruptedKeyBlob) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, RsaCorruptedKeyBlob) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1825,7 +1806,7 @@
  * Verifies that attempting to export ECDSA keys from corrupted key blobs fails.  This is
  * essentially a poor-man's key blob fuzzer.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, EcCorruptedKeyBlob) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, EcCorruptedKeyBlob) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
@@ -1846,7 +1827,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to export AES keys fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, AesKeyUnexportable) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, AesKeyUnexportable) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -1859,6 +1840,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_FORMAT, ExportKey(KeyFormat::RAW, &export_data));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(ExportKeyTest);
+
 class ImportKeyTest : public KeymasterHidlTest {
    public:
     template <TagType tag_type, Tag tag, typename ValueT>
@@ -1894,7 +1877,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an RSA key pair works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, RsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                            .RsaSigningKey(1024, 65537)
@@ -1921,7 +1904,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an RSA key pair with a size that doesn't match the key fails in the
  * correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, RsaKeySizeMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaKeySizeMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .RsaSigningKey(2048 /* Doesn't match key */, 65537)
@@ -1936,7 +1919,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an RSA key pair with a public exponent that doesn't match the key fails
  * in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, RsaPublicExponentMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaPublicExponentMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3 /* Doesn't match key */)
@@ -1950,7 +1933,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-256 key pair works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                            .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
@@ -1975,7 +1958,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-256 key pair encoded using RFC5915 works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaP256RFC5915Success) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaP256RFC5915Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                                .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                                .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
@@ -2000,7 +1983,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-256 key pair encoded using SEC1 works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaP256SEC1Success) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaP256SEC1Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                                .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                                .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
@@ -2025,7 +2008,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-521 key pair works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, Ecdsa521Success) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, Ecdsa521Success) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -2051,7 +2034,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an ECDSA key pair with a size that doesn't match the key fails in the
  * correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSizeMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSizeMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .EcdsaSigningKey(224 /* Doesn't match key */)
@@ -2065,7 +2048,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an ECDSA key pair with a curve that doesn't match the key fails in the
  * correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaCurveMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaCurveMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_224 /* Doesn't match key */)
@@ -2078,7 +2061,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an AES key works.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, AesSuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, AesSuccess) {
     string key = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -2105,7 +2088,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an HMAC key works.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, HmacKeySuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, HmacKeySuccess) {
     string key = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -2124,6 +2107,8 @@
     VerifyMessage(message, signature, AuthorizationSetBuilder().Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(ImportKeyTest);
+
 auto wrapped_key = hex2str(
     "3082017902010004820100934bf94e2aa28a3f83c9f79297250262fbe3276b5a1c91159bbfa3ef8957aac84b59b30b"
     "455a79c2973480823d8b3863c3deef4a8e243590268d80e18751a0e130f67ce6a1ace9f79b95e097474febc981195b"
@@ -2180,7 +2165,7 @@
 
 class ImportWrappedKeyTest : public KeymasterHidlTest {};
 
-TEST_F(ImportWrappedKeyTest, Success) {
+TEST_P(ImportWrappedKeyTest, Success) {
     auto wrapping_key_desc = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                  .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
                                  .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -2201,7 +2186,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(message, plaintext);
 }
 
-TEST_F(ImportWrappedKeyTest, SuccessMasked) {
+TEST_P(ImportWrappedKeyTest, SuccessMasked) {
     auto wrapping_key_desc = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                  .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
                                  .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -2216,7 +2201,7 @@
                       .Padding(PaddingMode::RSA_OAEP)));
 }
 
-TEST_F(ImportWrappedKeyTest, WrongMask) {
+TEST_P(ImportWrappedKeyTest, WrongMask) {
     auto wrapping_key_desc = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                  .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
                                  .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -2231,7 +2216,7 @@
                       .Padding(PaddingMode::RSA_OAEP)));
 }
 
-TEST_F(ImportWrappedKeyTest, WrongPurpose) {
+TEST_P(ImportWrappedKeyTest, WrongPurpose) {
     auto wrapping_key_desc = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                  .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
                                  .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -2245,6 +2230,8 @@
                       .Padding(PaddingMode::RSA_OAEP)));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(ImportWrappedKeyTest);
+
 typedef KeymasterHidlTest EncryptionOperationsTest;
 
 /*
@@ -2252,7 +2239,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2275,7 +2262,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption of short messages works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingShortMessage) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingShortMessage) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2304,7 +2291,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption of too-long messages fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2324,7 +2311,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption of too-large (numerically) messages fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLarge) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLarge) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2366,7 +2353,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations work, with all digests.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepSuccess) {
     auto digests = ValidDigests(false /* withNone */, true /* withMD5 */);
 
     size_t key_size = 2048;  // Need largish key for SHA-512 test.
@@ -2417,7 +2404,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations fail in the correct way when asked to operate
  * without a digest.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepInvalidDigest) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepInvalidDigest) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2435,7 +2422,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations fail in the correct way when asked to decrypt with a
  * different digest than was used to encrypt.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepDecryptWithWrongDigest) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepDecryptWithWrongDigest) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
 
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
@@ -2463,7 +2450,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations fail in the correct way when asked to encrypt a
  * too-large message.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepTooLarge) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepTooLarge) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2486,7 +2473,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA PKCS encryption/decrypts works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Success) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2525,7 +2512,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA PKCS encryption fails in the correct way when the mssage is too large.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1TooLarge) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1TooLarge) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2545,7 +2532,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to use ECDSA keys to encrypt fails in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, EcdsaEncrypt) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, EcdsaEncrypt) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
@@ -2560,7 +2547,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to use HMAC keys to encrypt fails in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, HmacEncrypt) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, HmacEncrypt) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -2580,7 +2567,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES ECB mode works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2609,7 +2596,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES encryption fails in the correct way when an unauthorized mode is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesWrongMode) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesWrongMode) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2628,7 +2615,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES encryption fails in the correct way when an unauthorized purpose is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesWrongPurpose) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesWrongPurpose) {
     auto err = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                    .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                    .AesKey(128)
@@ -2638,8 +2625,10 @@
                                    .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE));
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, err) << "Got " << err;
 
-    err = Begin(KeyPurpose::DECRYPT,
-                AuthorizationSetBuilder().BlockMode(BlockMode::GCM).Padding(PaddingMode::NONE));
+    err = Begin(KeyPurpose::DECRYPT, AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                             .BlockMode(BlockMode::GCM)
+                                             .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
+                                             .Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, 128));
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INCOMPATIBLE_PURPOSE, err) << "Got " << err;
 
     CheckedDeleteKey();
@@ -2652,8 +2641,10 @@
                                                  .Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)
                                                  .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)));
 
-    err = Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT,
-                AuthorizationSetBuilder().BlockMode(BlockMode::GCM).Padding(PaddingMode::NONE));
+    err = Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                             .BlockMode(BlockMode::GCM)
+                                             .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
+                                             .Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, 128));
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INCOMPATIBLE_PURPOSE, err) << "Got " << err;
 }
 
@@ -2663,7 +2654,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES encryption fails in the correct way when provided an input that is not a
  * multiple of the block size and no padding is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbNoPaddingWrongInputSize) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbNoPaddingWrongInputSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2684,7 +2675,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES PKCS7 padding works for any message length.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7Padding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7Padding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2709,7 +2700,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES enryption fails in the correct way when an unauthorized padding mode is
  * specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbWrongPadding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbWrongPadding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2730,7 +2721,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES decryption fails in the correct way when the padding is corrupted.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2761,7 +2752,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES CTR mode works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2808,7 +2799,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES works, all modes, when provided data in various size increments.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesIncremental) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesIncremental) {
     auto block_modes = {
         BlockMode::ECB, BlockMode::CBC, BlockMode::CTR, BlockMode::GCM,
     };
@@ -2947,7 +2938,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies AES CTR implementation against SP800-38A test vectors.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrSp80038aTestVector) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrSp80038aTestVector) {
     std::vector<uint32_t> InvalidSizes = InvalidKeySizes(Algorithm::AES);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
         const AesCtrSp80038aTestVector& test(kAesCtrSp80038aTestVectors[i]);
@@ -2967,7 +2958,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects use of CTR mode with PKCS7 padding in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrIncompatiblePaddingMode) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrIncompatiblePaddingMode) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2982,7 +2973,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster fails correctly when the user supplies an incorrect-size nonce.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrInvalidCallerNonce) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrInvalidCallerNonce) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3014,7 +3005,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster fails correctly when the user supplies an incorrect-size nonce.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCbcRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCbcRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3047,7 +3038,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES caller-provided nonces work correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonce) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonce) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3096,7 +3087,7 @@
  * Verifies that caller-provided nonces are not permitted when not specified in the key
  * authorizations.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonceProhibited) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonceProhibited) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3131,7 +3122,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3182,7 +3173,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works, even when there's a long delay
  * between operations.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmRoundTripWithDelaySuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmRoundTripWithDelaySuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3235,7 +3226,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that encrypting the same data with different nonces produces different outputs.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmDifferentNonces) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmDifferentNonces) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                                  .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                                  .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3267,7 +3258,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when a too-short tag length is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTag) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTag) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3288,7 +3279,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when a too-short tag is provided to decryption.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTagOnDecrypt) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTagOnDecrypt) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3331,7 +3322,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when the decryption key is incorrect.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptKey) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptKey) {
     const uint8_t nonce_bytes[] = {
         0xb7, 0x94, 0x37, 0xae, 0x08, 0xff, 0x35, 0x5d, 0x7d, 0x8a, 0x4d, 0x0f,
     };
@@ -3383,7 +3374,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works when provided additional authenticated data, but no data to
  * encrypt.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadNoData) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadNoData) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3428,7 +3419,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works when provided additional authenticated data in multiple chunks.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmMultiPartAad) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmMultiPartAad) {
     const size_t tag_bits = 128;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -3489,7 +3480,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when given AAD after data to encipher.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadOutOfOrder) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadOutOfOrder) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3537,7 +3528,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM decryption fails correctly when additional authenticated date is wrong.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmBadAad) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmBadAad) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3581,7 +3572,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM decryption fails correctly when the nonce is incorrect.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmWrongNonce) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmWrongNonce) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3625,7 +3616,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM decryption fails correctly when the tag is wrong.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptTag) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptTag) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3673,7 +3664,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that 3DES is basically functional.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbRoundTripSuccess) {
     auto auths = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                      .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                      .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
@@ -3702,7 +3693,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that CBC keys reject ECB usage.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbNotAuthorized) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbNotAuthorized) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -3718,7 +3709,7 @@
  *
  * Tests ECB mode with PKCS#7 padding, various message sizes.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbPkcs7Padding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbPkcs7Padding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
@@ -3741,7 +3732,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keys configured for no padding reject PKCS7 padding
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbNoPaddingKeyWithPkcs7Padding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbNoPaddingKeyWithPkcs7Padding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
@@ -3759,7 +3750,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that corrupted padding is detected.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
@@ -3875,7 +3866,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that NIST (plus a few extra) test vectors produce the correct results.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesTestVector) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesTestVector) {
     constexpr size_t num_tests = sizeof(kTripleDesTestVectors) / sizeof(TripleDesTestVector);
     for (auto* test = kTripleDesTestVectors; test < kTripleDesTestVectors + num_tests; ++test) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(test->name);
@@ -3890,7 +3881,7 @@
  *
  * Validates CBC mode functionality.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -3919,7 +3910,7 @@
  *
  * Validates that 3DES keys can allow caller-specified IVs, and use them correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCallerIv) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCallerIv) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -3954,7 +3945,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that 3DES keys without TAG_CALLER_NONCE do not allow caller-specified IVS.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCallerNonceProhibited) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCallerNonceProhibited) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -3986,7 +3977,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that 3DES ECB-only keys do not allow CBC usage.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcNotAuthorized) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcNotAuthorized) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
@@ -4004,7 +3995,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that unpadded CBC operations reject inputs that are not a multiple of block size.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcNoPaddingWrongInputSize) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcNoPaddingWrongInputSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -4026,7 +4017,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that PKCS7 padding works correctly in CBC mode.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcPkcs7Padding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcPkcs7Padding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -4049,7 +4040,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that a key that requires PKCS7 padding cannot be used in unpadded mode.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcNoPaddingKeyWithPkcs7Padding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcNoPaddingKeyWithPkcs7Padding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -4069,7 +4060,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that corrupted PKCS7 padding is rejected during decryption.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -4100,7 +4091,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that 3DES CBC works with many different input sizes.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcIncrementalNoPadding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcIncrementalNoPadding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -4138,6 +4129,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(message, plaintext);
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(EncryptionOperationsTest);
+
 typedef KeymasterHidlTest MaxOperationsTest;
 
 /*
@@ -4145,7 +4138,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the max uses per boot tag works correctly with AES keys.
  */
-TEST_F(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitAes) {
+TEST_P(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitAes) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
 
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
@@ -4172,7 +4165,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the max uses per boot tag works correctly with RSA keys.
  */
-TEST_F(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitRsa) {
+TEST_P(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitRsa) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
 
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
@@ -4193,6 +4186,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::KEY_MAX_OPS_EXCEEDED, Begin(KeyPurpose::SIGN, params));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(MaxOperationsTest);
+
 typedef KeymasterHidlTest AddEntropyTest;
 
 /*
@@ -4201,7 +4196,7 @@
  * Verifies that the addRngEntropy method doesn't blow up.  There's no way to test that entropy is
  * actually added.
  */
-TEST_F(AddEntropyTest, AddEntropy) {
+TEST_P(AddEntropyTest, AddEntropy) {
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, keymaster().addRngEntropy(HidlBuf("foo")));
 }
 
@@ -4210,7 +4205,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the addRngEntropy method doesn't blow up when given an empty buffer.
  */
-TEST_F(AddEntropyTest, AddEmptyEntropy) {
+TEST_P(AddEntropyTest, AddEmptyEntropy) {
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, keymaster().addRngEntropy(HidlBuf()));
 }
 
@@ -4219,10 +4214,12 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the addRngEntropy method doesn't blow up when given a largish amount of data.
  */
-TEST_F(AddEntropyTest, AddLargeEntropy) {
+TEST_P(AddEntropyTest, AddLargeEntropy) {
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, keymaster().addRngEntropy(HidlBuf(string(2 * 1024, 'a'))));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(AddEntropyTest);
+
 typedef KeymasterHidlTest AttestationTest;
 
 /*
@@ -4230,8 +4227,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to RSA keys works and generates the expected output.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, RsaAttestation) {
-    auto creation_time = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, RsaAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -4256,7 +4252,7 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record("challenge", "foo",                     //
                                           key_characteristics_.softwareEnforced,  //
                                           key_characteristics_.hardwareEnforced,  //
-                                          SecLevel(), cert_chain[0], creation_time));
+                                          SecLevel(), cert_chain[0]));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4264,7 +4260,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to RSA requires app ID.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, RsaAttestationRequiresAppId) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, RsaAttestationRequiresAppId) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -4284,8 +4280,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to EC keys works and generates the expected output.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, EcAttestation) {
-    auto creation_time = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, EcAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
@@ -4307,7 +4302,7 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record("challenge", "foo",                     //
                                           key_characteristics_.softwareEnforced,  //
                                           key_characteristics_.hardwareEnforced,  //
-                                          SecLevel(), cert_chain[0], creation_time));
+                                          SecLevel(), cert_chain[0]));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4315,7 +4310,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to EC keys requires app ID
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, EcAttestationRequiresAttestationAppId) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, EcAttestationRequiresAttestationAppId) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
@@ -4337,10 +4332,9 @@
  * byte. Proper DER encoding specifies that for lengths greather than 127, one byte should be used
  * to specify how many following bytes will be used to encode the length.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, AttestationApplicationIDLengthProperlyEncoded) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, AttestationApplicationIDLengthProperlyEncoded) {
     std::vector<uint32_t> app_id_lengths{143, 258};
     for (uint32_t length : app_id_lengths) {
-        auto creation_time = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                                      .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                                      .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
@@ -4358,7 +4352,7 @@
         EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record("challenge", app_id,                    //
                                               key_characteristics_.softwareEnforced,  //
                                               key_characteristics_.hardwareEnforced,  //
-                                              SecLevel(), cert_chain[0], creation_time));
+                                              SecLevel(), cert_chain[0]));
         CheckedDeleteKey();
     }
 }
@@ -4367,7 +4361,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to AES keys fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, AesAttestation) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, AesAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -4387,7 +4381,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to HMAC keys fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, HmacAttestation) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, HmacAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -4403,6 +4397,8 @@
                         &cert_chain));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(AttestationTest);
+
 typedef KeymasterHidlTest KeyDeletionTest;
 
 /**
@@ -4411,7 +4407,7 @@
  * This test checks that if rollback protection is implemented, DeleteKey invalidates a formerly
  * valid key blob.
  */
-TEST_F(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteKey) {
+TEST_P(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteKey) {
     auto error = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                      .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                      .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -4443,7 +4439,7 @@
  *
  * This test checks that the HAL excepts invalid key blobs..
  */
-TEST_F(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteInvalidKey) {
+TEST_P(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteInvalidKey) {
     // Generate key just to check if rollback protection is implemented
     auto error = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                      .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -4479,7 +4475,7 @@
  * been provisioned. Use this test only on dedicated testing devices that have no valuable
  * credentials stored in Keystore/Keymaster.
  */
-TEST_F(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteAllKeys) {
+TEST_P(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteAllKeys) {
     if (!arm_deleteAllKeys) return;
     auto error = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                      .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -4508,6 +4504,8 @@
     }
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(KeyDeletionTest);
+
 using UpgradeKeyTest = KeymasterHidlTest;
 
 /*
@@ -4515,7 +4513,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that calling upgrade key on an up-to-date key works (i.e. does nothing).
  */
-TEST_F(UpgradeKeyTest, UpgradeKey) {
+TEST_P(UpgradeKeyTest, UpgradeKey) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
                                              .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
@@ -4527,6 +4525,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(result, std::make_pair(ErrorCode::OK, HidlBuf()));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(UpgradeKeyTest);
 
 using ClearOperationsTest = KeymasterHidlTest;
 
@@ -4538,7 +4537,7 @@
  * that aborting the operations clears the operations.
  *
  */
-TEST_F(ClearOperationsTest, TooManyOperations) {
+TEST_P(ClearOperationsTest, TooManyOperations) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -4564,61 +4563,23 @@
     AbortIfNeeded();
 }
 
-/*
- * ClearSlotsTest.ServiceDeath
- *
- * Verifies that the service is restarted after death and the ongoing
- * operations are cleared.
- */
-TEST_F(ClearOperationsTest, ServiceDeath) {
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                             .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                             .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
-                                             .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)));
-
-    auto params = AuthorizationSetBuilder().Padding(PaddingMode::NONE);
-    int max_operations = SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX ? 4 : 16;
-    OperationHandle op_handles[max_operations];
-    AuthorizationSet out_params;
-    for(int i=0; i<max_operations; i++) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, key_blob_, params, &out_params, &(op_handles[i])));
-    }
-    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::TOO_MANY_OPERATIONS,
-         Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, key_blob_, params, &out_params, &op_handle_));
-
-    DebugInfo debug_info;
-    GetDebugInfo(&debug_info);
-    kill(debug_info.pid, SIGKILL);
-    // wait 1 second for keymaster to restart
-    sleep(1);
-    InitializeKeymaster();
-
-    for(int i=0; i<max_operations; i++) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, key_blob_, params, &out_params, &(op_handles[i])));
-    }
-    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::TOO_MANY_OPERATIONS,
-         Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, key_blob_, params, &out_params, &op_handle_));
-    for(int i=0; i<max_operations; i++) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Abort(op_handles[i]));
-    }
-}
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(ClearOperationsTest);
 
 typedef KeymasterHidlTest TransportLimitTest;
 
 /*
- * TransportLimitTest.LargeFinishInput
+ * TransportLimitTest.FinishInput
  *
- * Verifies that passing large input data to finish either succeeds or fails as expected.
+ * Verifies that passing input data to finish succeeds as expected.
  */
-TEST_F(TransportLimitTest, LargeFinishInput) {
+TEST_P(TransportLimitTest, LargeFinishInput) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                                  .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                                  .AesEncryptionKey(128)
                                                  .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
                                                  .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)));
 
-    for (int msg_size = 10 /*1KB*/; msg_size <= 17 /*128KB*/; msg_size++) {
+    for (int msg_size = 8 /* 256 bytes */; msg_size <= 11 /* 2 KiB */; msg_size++) {
         auto cipher_params =
                 AuthorizationSetBuilder().BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB).Padding(PaddingMode::NONE);
 
@@ -4629,45 +4590,31 @@
         string encrypted_message;
         auto rc = Finish(plain_message, &encrypted_message);
 
-        if (rc == ErrorCode::OK) {
-            EXPECT_EQ(plain_message.size(), encrypted_message.size())
-                    << "Encrypt finish returned OK, but did not consume all of the given input";
-        } else {
-            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH, rc)
-                    << "Encrypt finish failed in an unexpected way when given a large input";
-            continue;
-        }
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, rc);
+        EXPECT_EQ(plain_message.size(), encrypted_message.size())
+                << "Encrypt finish returned OK, but did not consume all of the given input";
         cipher_params.push_back(out_params);
 
         EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::DECRYPT, cipher_params));
 
         string decrypted_message;
         rc = Finish(encrypted_message, &decrypted_message);
-
-        if (rc == ErrorCode::OK) {
-            EXPECT_EQ(plain_message.size(), decrypted_message.size())
-                    << "Decrypt finish returned OK, did not consume all of the given input";
-        } else {
-            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH, rc)
-                    << "Encrypt finish failed in an unexpected way when given a large input";
-        }
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, rc);
+        EXPECT_EQ(plain_message.size(), decrypted_message.size())
+                << "Decrypt finish returned OK, did not consume all of the given input";
     }
-
-    CheckedDeleteKey();
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST(TransportLimitTest);
+
 }  // namespace test
 }  // namespace V4_0
 }  // namespace keymaster
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
 
-using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::test::KeymasterHidlEnvironment;
-
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(KeymasterHidlEnvironment::Instance());
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    KeymasterHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
     for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
         if (argv[i][0] == '-') {
             if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--arm_deleteAllKeys") {
diff --git a/prebuilt_hashes/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/Android.bp
similarity index 63%
copy from prebuilt_hashes/Android.bp
copy to keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/Android.bp
index 4692b76..9434bc9 100644
--- a/prebuilt_hashes/Android.bp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/Android.bp
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -11,20 +12,18 @@
 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
+//
 
-python_binary_host {
-    name: "dump_hals_for_release",
-
+cc_benchmark {
+    name: "keymaster_benchmark",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: [
-        "dump_hals_for_release.py",
+        "Benchmark.cpp",
     ],
-
-    version: {
-        py2: {
-            enabled: true,
-        },
-        py3: {
-            enabled: false,
-        },
-    },
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
+        "libkeymaster4support",
+        "libsoftkeymasterdevice",
+        "libchrome"
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/Benchmark.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/Benchmark.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96ef5bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/Benchmark.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,717 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "keymaster_benchmark"
+
+#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.0/IKeymasterDevice.h>
+#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.0/types.h>
+#include <keymaster/keymaster_configuration.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_0/authorization_set.h>
+
+#include <android/hidl/manager/1.0/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include <log/log.h>
+#include <utils/StrongPointer.h>
+
+#include <benchmark/benchmark.h>
+#include <hidl/Status.h>
+
+#include <base/command_line.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace keymaster {
+namespace V4_0 {
+namespace test {
+
+// libutils:
+using android::OK;
+using android::sp;
+using android::status_t;
+
+// libhidl:
+using android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using android::hardware::Return;
+using android::hardware::Void;
+
+// IKeymaster:
+using android::IServiceManager;
+using android::hardware::hidl_string;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::AuthorizationSet;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::AuthorizationSetBuilder;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::BlockMode;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::ErrorCode;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::IKeymasterDevice;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::KeyCharacteristics;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::SecurityLevel;
+
+// Standard library:
+using std::cerr;
+using std::cout;
+using std::endl;
+using std::optional;
+using std::string;
+using std::unique_ptr;
+using std::vector;
+
+class HidlBuf : public hidl_vec<uint8_t> {
+    typedef hidl_vec<uint8_t> super;
+
+  public:
+    HidlBuf() {}
+    HidlBuf(const super& other) : super(other) {}
+    HidlBuf(super&& other) : super(std::move(other)) {}
+    explicit HidlBuf(const std::string& other) : HidlBuf() { *this = other; }
+
+    HidlBuf& operator=(const super& other) {
+        super::operator=(other);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    HidlBuf& operator=(super&& other) {
+        super::operator=(std::move(other));
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    HidlBuf& operator=(const string& other) {
+        resize(other.size());
+        std::copy(other.begin(), other.end(), begin());
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    string to_string() const { return string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(data()), size()); }
+};
+
+#define SMALL_MESSAGE_SIZE 64
+#define MEDIUM_MESSAGE_SIZE 1024
+#define LARGE_MESSAGE_SIZE 131072
+
+class KeymasterWrapper {
+  private:
+    sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster_;
+    SecurityLevel securityLevel_;
+    hidl_string name_;
+    hidl_string author_;
+    HidlBuf key_blob_;
+    KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics_;
+    ErrorCode error_;
+    string key_transform_;
+    string keymaster_name_;
+    uint32_t os_version_;
+    uint32_t os_patch_level_;
+    std::vector<string> message_cache_;
+
+    bool GenerateKey(const AuthorizationSet& authSet) {
+        return (keymaster_
+                        ->generateKey(
+                                authSet.hidl_data(),
+                                [&](ErrorCode hidl_error, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& hidl_key_blob,
+                                    const KeyCharacteristics& hidl_key_characteristics) {
+                                    error_ = hidl_error;
+                                    key_blob_ = hidl_key_blob;
+                                    key_characteristics_ = std::move(hidl_key_characteristics);
+                                })
+                        .isOk() &&
+                error_ == ErrorCode::OK);
+    }
+
+    bool GenerateKey(Algorithm algorithm, int keySize, Digest digest = Digest::NONE,
+                     PaddingMode padding = PaddingMode::NONE, optional<BlockMode> blockMode = {}) {
+        AuthorizationSetBuilder authSet = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::DECRYPT)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::SIGN)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::VERIFY)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_KEY_SIZE, keySize)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, algorithm)
+                                                  .Digest(digest)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)
+                                                  .Padding(padding);
+        if (blockMode) {
+            authSet.BlockMode(*blockMode);
+        }
+        if (algorithm == Algorithm::RSA) {
+            authSet.Authorization(TAG_RSA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, 65537U);
+        }
+        return GenerateKey(authSet);
+    }
+
+    KeymasterWrapper(const sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster) {
+        os_version_ = ::keymaster::GetOsVersion();
+        os_patch_level_ = ::keymaster::GetOsPatchlevel();
+        keymaster_ = keymaster;
+        keymaster_->getHardwareInfo([&](SecurityLevel securityLevel, const hidl_string& name,
+                                        const hidl_string& author) {
+            securityLevel_ = securityLevel;
+            name_ = name;
+            author_ = author;
+        });
+
+        message_cache_.push_back(string(SMALL_MESSAGE_SIZE, 'x'));
+        message_cache_.push_back(string(MEDIUM_MESSAGE_SIZE, 'x'));
+        message_cache_.push_back(string(LARGE_MESSAGE_SIZE, 'x'));
+    }
+
+  public:
+    static KeymasterWrapper* newInstance(const std::string& keymaster_name) {
+        auto keymaster = IKeymasterDevice::getService(keymaster_name);
+        if (!keymaster) {
+            std::cerr << "Error: unable to find keymaster service named " << keymaster_name
+                      << std::endl;
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        return new KeymasterWrapper(keymaster);
+    }
+
+    bool GenerateKey(string transform, int keySize, bool sign = false) {
+        if (transform == key_transform_) {
+            return true;
+        } else if (key_transform_ != "") {
+            // Deleting old key first
+            if (!DeleteKey()) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        optional<Algorithm> algorithm = getAlgorithm(transform);
+        if (!algorithm) {
+            cerr << "Error: invalid algorithm " << transform << endl;
+            return false;
+        }
+        key_transform_ = transform;
+        return GenerateKey(*algorithm, keySize, getDigest(transform), getPadding(transform, sign),
+                           getBlockMode(transform));
+    }
+
+    bool DeleteKey() {
+        key_blob_ = HidlBuf();
+        key_transform_ = "";
+        return keymaster_->deleteKey(key_blob_).isOk();
+    }
+
+    AuthorizationSet getOperationParams(string transform, bool sign = false) {
+        AuthorizationSetBuilder builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                                  .Padding(getPadding(transform, sign))
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, 128)
+                                                  .Digest(getDigest(transform));
+        optional<BlockMode> blockMode = getBlockMode(transform);
+        if (blockMode) {
+            builder.BlockMode(*blockMode);
+        }
+        return std::move(builder);
+    }
+
+    optional<OperationHandle> EncryptBegin(AuthorizationSet& in_params,
+                                           AuthorizationSet* out_params = new AuthorizationSet) {
+        return Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, in_params, out_params);
+    }
+
+    optional<OperationHandle> DecryptBegin(AuthorizationSet& in_params,
+                                           AuthorizationSet* out_params = new AuthorizationSet) {
+        return Begin(KeyPurpose::DECRYPT, in_params, out_params);
+    }
+
+    optional<OperationHandle> SignBegin(AuthorizationSet& in_params,
+                                        AuthorizationSet* out_params = new AuthorizationSet) {
+        return Begin(KeyPurpose::SIGN, in_params, out_params);
+    }
+
+    optional<OperationHandle> VerifyBegin(AuthorizationSet& in_params,
+                                          AuthorizationSet* out_params = new AuthorizationSet) {
+        return Begin(KeyPurpose::VERIFY, in_params, out_params);
+    }
+
+    optional<OperationHandle> Begin(KeyPurpose operation, const AuthorizationSet& in_params,
+                                    AuthorizationSet* out_params) {
+        OperationHandle op_handle;
+        if (!keymaster_
+                     ->begin(operation, key_blob_, in_params.hidl_data(), HardwareAuthToken(),
+                             [&](ErrorCode hidl_error,
+                                 const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& hidl_out_params,
+                                 uint64_t hidl_op_handle) {
+                                 error_ = hidl_error;
+                                 out_params->push_back(AuthorizationSet(hidl_out_params));
+                                 op_handle = hidl_op_handle;
+                             })
+                     .isOk() ||
+            error_ != ErrorCode::OK) {
+            keymaster_->abort(op_handle);
+            return {};
+        }
+        return op_handle;
+    }
+
+    optional<string> ProcessMessage(const OperationHandle& op_handle, const string& message,
+                                    const AuthorizationSet& in_params,
+                                    AuthorizationSet* out_params = new AuthorizationSet,
+                                    const string& signature = "") {
+        static const int HIDL_BUFFER_LIMIT = 1 << 14;  // 16KB
+
+        string output;
+        size_t input_consumed = 0;
+        while (message.length() - input_consumed > 0) {
+            if (!keymaster_
+                         ->update(op_handle, in_params.hidl_data(),
+                                  HidlBuf(message.substr(input_consumed, HIDL_BUFFER_LIMIT)),
+                                  HardwareAuthToken(), VerificationToken(),
+                                  [&](ErrorCode hidl_error, uint32_t hidl_input_consumed,
+                                      const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& hidl_out_params,
+                                      const HidlBuf& hidl_output) {
+                                      error_ = hidl_error;
+                                      out_params->push_back(AuthorizationSet(hidl_out_params));
+                                      output.append(hidl_output.to_string());
+                                      input_consumed += hidl_input_consumed;
+                                  })
+                         .isOk() ||
+                error_ != ErrorCode::OK) {
+                keymaster_->abort(op_handle);
+                return {};
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!keymaster_
+                     ->finish(op_handle, in_params.hidl_data(),
+                              HidlBuf(message.substr(input_consumed)), HidlBuf(signature),
+                              HardwareAuthToken(), VerificationToken(),
+                              [&](ErrorCode hidl_error,
+                                  const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& hidl_out_params,
+                                  const HidlBuf& hidl_output) {
+                                  error_ = hidl_error;
+                                  out_params->push_back(AuthorizationSet(hidl_out_params));
+                                  output.append(hidl_output.to_string());
+                              })
+                     .isOk() ||
+            error_ != ErrorCode::OK) {
+            keymaster_->abort(op_handle);
+            return {};
+        }
+
+        return output;
+    }
+
+    int getError() { return static_cast<int>(error_); }
+
+    const string getHardwareName() { return name_; }
+
+    SecurityLevel getSecurityLevel() { return securityLevel_; }
+
+    const string& GenerateMessage(int size) {
+        for (const string& message : message_cache_) {
+            if (message.size() == size) {
+                return message;
+            }
+        }
+        string message = string(size, 'x');
+        message_cache_.push_back(message);
+        return std::move(message);
+    }
+
+    optional<BlockMode> getBlockMode(string transform) {
+        if (transform.find("/ECB") != string::npos) {
+            return BlockMode::ECB;
+        } else if (transform.find("/CBC") != string::npos) {
+            return BlockMode::CBC;
+        } else if (transform.find("/CTR") != string::npos) {
+            return BlockMode::CTR;
+        } else if (transform.find("/GCM") != string::npos) {
+            return BlockMode::GCM;
+        }
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    PaddingMode getPadding(string transform, bool sign) {
+        if (transform.find("/PKCS7") != string::npos) {
+            return PaddingMode::PKCS7;
+        } else if (transform.find("/PSS") != string::npos) {
+            return PaddingMode::RSA_PSS;
+        } else if (transform.find("/OAEP") != string::npos) {
+            return PaddingMode::RSA_OAEP;
+        } else if (transform.find("/PKCS1") != string::npos) {
+            return sign ? PaddingMode::RSA_PKCS1_1_5_SIGN : PaddingMode::RSA_PKCS1_1_5_ENCRYPT;
+        } else if (sign && transform.find("RSA") != string::npos) {
+            // RSA defaults to PKCS1 for sign
+            return PaddingMode::RSA_PKCS1_1_5_SIGN;
+        }
+        return PaddingMode::NONE;
+    }
+
+    optional<Algorithm> getAlgorithm(string transform) {
+        if (transform.find("AES") != string::npos) {
+            return Algorithm::AES;
+        } else if (transform.find("Hmac") != string::npos) {
+            return Algorithm::HMAC;
+        } else if (transform.find("DESede") != string::npos) {
+            return Algorithm::TRIPLE_DES;
+        } else if (transform.find("RSA") != string::npos) {
+            return Algorithm::RSA;
+        } else if (transform.find("EC") != string::npos) {
+            return Algorithm::EC;
+        }
+        cerr << "Can't find algorithm for " << transform << endl;
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    Digest getDigest(string transform) {
+        if (transform.find("MD5") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::MD5;
+        } else if (transform.find("SHA1") != string::npos ||
+                   transform.find("SHA-1") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::SHA1;
+        } else if (transform.find("SHA224") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::SHA_2_224;
+        } else if (transform.find("SHA256") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::SHA_2_256;
+        } else if (transform.find("SHA384") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::SHA_2_384;
+        } else if (transform.find("SHA512") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::SHA_2_512;
+        } else if (transform.find("RSA") != string::npos &&
+                   transform.find("OAEP") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::SHA1;
+        }
+        return Digest::NONE;
+    }
+};
+
+KeymasterWrapper* keymaster;
+
+static void settings(benchmark::internal::Benchmark* benchmark) {
+    benchmark->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond);
+}
+
+static void addDefaultLabel(benchmark::State& state) {
+    string secLevel;
+    switch (keymaster->getSecurityLevel()) {
+        case SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX:
+            secLevel = "STRONGBOX";
+            break;
+        case SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE:
+            secLevel = "SOFTWARE";
+            break;
+        case SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT:
+            secLevel = "TEE";
+            break;
+    }
+    state.SetLabel("hardware_name:" + keymaster->getHardwareName() + " sec_level:" + secLevel);
+}
+
+// clang-format off
+#define BENCHMARK_KM(func, transform, keySize) \
+    BENCHMARK_CAPTURE(func, transform/keySize, #transform "/" #keySize, keySize)->Apply(settings);
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_MSG(func, transform, keySize, msgSize)                                      \
+    BENCHMARK_CAPTURE(func, transform/keySize/msgSize, #transform "/" #keySize "/" #msgSize, \
+                      keySize, msgSize)                                                          \
+            ->Apply(settings);
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_ALL_MSGS(func, transform, keySize)             \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_MSG(func, transform, keySize, SMALL_MESSAGE_SIZE)  \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_MSG(func, transform, keySize, MEDIUM_MESSAGE_SIZE) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_MSG(func, transform, keySize, LARGE_MESSAGE_SIZE)
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER(transform, keySize, msgSize)   \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_MSG(encrypt, transform, keySize, msgSize) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_MSG(decrypt, transform, keySize, msgSize)
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(transform, keySize) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_ALL_MSGS(encrypt, transform, keySize)   \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_ALL_MSGS(decrypt, transform, keySize)
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, keySize) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_ALL_MSGS(sign, transform, keySize)         \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_ALL_MSGS(verify, transform, keySize)
+// clang-format on
+
+/*
+ * ============= KeyGen TESTS ==================
+ */
+static void keygen(benchmark::State& state, string transform, int keySize) {
+    addDefaultLabel(state);
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        keymaster->GenerateKey(transform, keySize);
+        state.PauseTiming();
+        keymaster->DeleteKey();
+        state.ResumeTiming();
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, AES, 128);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, AES, 256);
+
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, RSA, 2048);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, RSA, 3072);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, RSA, 4096);
+
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, EC, 224);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, EC, 256);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, EC, 384);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, EC, 521);
+
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, DESede, 168);
+
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 64);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 128);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 256);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 512);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 1024);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 2048);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 4096);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 8192);
+
+/*
+ * ============= SIGNATURE TESTS ==================
+ */
+
+static void sign(benchmark::State& state, string transform, int keySize, int msgSize) {
+    addDefaultLabel(state);
+    if (!keymaster->GenerateKey(transform, keySize, true)) {
+        state.SkipWithError(
+                ("Key generation error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    auto params = keymaster->getOperationParams(transform, true);
+    string message = keymaster->GenerateMessage(msgSize);
+
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        state.PauseTiming();
+        auto opHandle = keymaster->SignBegin(params);
+        if (!opHandle) {
+            state.SkipWithError(
+                    ("Error beginning sign, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            return;
+        }
+        state.ResumeTiming();
+        if (!keymaster->ProcessMessage(*opHandle, message, params)) {
+            state.SkipWithError(("Sign error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void verify(benchmark::State& state, string transform, int keySize, int msgSize) {
+    addDefaultLabel(state);
+    if (!keymaster->GenerateKey(transform, keySize, true)) {
+        state.SkipWithError(
+                ("Key generation error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    AuthorizationSet out_params;
+    AuthorizationSet in_params = keymaster->getOperationParams(transform, true);
+    string message = keymaster->GenerateMessage(msgSize);
+    auto opHandle = keymaster->SignBegin(in_params, &out_params);
+    if (!opHandle) {
+        state.SkipWithError(
+                ("Error beginning sign, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    optional<string> signature =
+            keymaster->ProcessMessage(*opHandle, message, in_params, &out_params);
+    if (!signature) {
+        state.SkipWithError(("Sign error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    in_params.push_back(out_params);
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        state.PauseTiming();
+        opHandle = keymaster->VerifyBegin(in_params);
+        if (!opHandle) {
+            state.SkipWithError(
+                    ("Verify begin error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            return;
+        }
+        state.ResumeTiming();
+        if (!keymaster->ProcessMessage(*opHandle, message, in_params, &out_params, *signature)) {
+            state.SkipWithError(("Verify error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// clang-format off
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(transform) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 64)      \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 128)     \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 256)     \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 512)     \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 1024)    \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 2024)    \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 4096)    \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 8192)
+
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(HmacSHA1)
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(HmacSHA256)
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(HmacSHA224)
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(HmacSHA256)
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(HmacSHA384)
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(HmacSHA512)
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(transform) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 224)      \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 256)      \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 384)      \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 521)
+
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(NONEwithECDSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(SHA1withECDSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(SHA224withECDSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(SHA256withECDSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(SHA384withECDSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(SHA512withECDSA);
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(transform) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 2048)   \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 3072)   \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 4096)
+
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(MD5withRSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA1withRSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA224withRSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA384withRSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA512withRSA);
+
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(MD5withRSA/PSS);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA1withRSA/PSS);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA224withRSA/PSS);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA384withRSA/PSS);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA512withRSA/PSS);
+// clang-format on
+
+/*
+ * ============= CIPHER TESTS ==================
+ */
+
+static void encrypt(benchmark::State& state, string transform, int keySize, int msgSize) {
+    addDefaultLabel(state);
+    if (!keymaster->GenerateKey(transform, keySize)) {
+        state.SkipWithError(
+                ("Key generation error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    auto params = keymaster->getOperationParams(transform);
+    string message = keymaster->GenerateMessage(msgSize);
+
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        state.PauseTiming();
+        auto opHandle = keymaster->EncryptBegin(params);
+        if (!opHandle) {
+            state.SkipWithError(
+                    ("Encryption begin error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            return;
+        }
+        state.ResumeTiming();
+        if (!keymaster->ProcessMessage(*opHandle, message, params)) {
+            state.SkipWithError(
+                    ("Encryption error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void decrypt(benchmark::State& state, string transform, int keySize, int msgSize) {
+    addDefaultLabel(state);
+    if (!keymaster->GenerateKey(transform, keySize)) {
+        state.SkipWithError(
+                ("Key generation error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    AuthorizationSet out_params;
+    AuthorizationSet in_params = keymaster->getOperationParams(transform);
+    string message = keymaster->GenerateMessage(msgSize);
+    auto opHandle = keymaster->EncryptBegin(in_params, &out_params);
+    if (!opHandle) {
+        state.SkipWithError(
+                ("Encryption begin error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    auto encryptedMessage = keymaster->ProcessMessage(*opHandle, message, in_params, &out_params);
+    if (!encryptedMessage) {
+        state.SkipWithError(("Encryption error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    in_params.push_back(out_params);
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        state.PauseTiming();
+        opHandle = keymaster->DecryptBegin(in_params);
+        if (!opHandle) {
+            state.SkipWithError(
+                    ("Decryption begin error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            return;
+        }
+        state.ResumeTiming();
+        if (!keymaster->ProcessMessage(*opHandle, *encryptedMessage, in_params)) {
+            state.SkipWithError(
+                    ("Decryption error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// clang-format off
+// AES
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(transform) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(transform, 128)    \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(transform, 256)
+
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(AES/CBC/NoPadding);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(AES/CTR/NoPadding);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(AES/ECB/NoPadding);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(AES/ECB/PKCS7Padding);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(AES/GCM/NoPadding);
+
+// Triple DES
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(DESede/CBC/NoPadding, 168);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(DESede/CBC/PKCS7Padding, 168);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(DESede/ECB/NoPadding, 168);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(DESede/ECB/PKCS7Padding, 168);
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_RSA_KEYS(transform, msgSize) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER(transform, 2048, msgSize)            \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER(transform, 3072, msgSize)            \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER(transform, 4096, msgSize)
+
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_RSA_KEYS(RSA/ECB/NoPadding, SMALL_MESSAGE_SIZE);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_RSA_KEYS(RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding, SMALL_MESSAGE_SIZE);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_RSA_KEYS(RSA/ECB/OAEPPadding, SMALL_MESSAGE_SIZE);
+// clang-format on
+
+}  // namespace test
+}  // namespace V4_0
+}  // namespace keymaster
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::benchmark::Initialize(&argc, argv);
+    base::CommandLine::Init(argc, argv);
+    base::CommandLine* command_line = base::CommandLine::ForCurrentProcess();
+    auto service_name = command_line->GetSwitchValueASCII("service_name");
+    if (service_name.empty()) {
+        service_name = "default";
+    }
+    android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::test::keymaster =
+            android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::test::KeymasterWrapper::newInstance(service_name);
+    if (!android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::test::keymaster) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+    ::benchmark::RunSpecifiedBenchmarks();
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/README b/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57d984a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/README
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Keymaster Benchmark
+
+The Keymaster Benchmark is a standalone tool for measuring the performance of keymaster implementations.
+
+## Building
+
+Build:
+`m  keymaster_benchmark`
+
+Transfer to device/emulator:
+`adb sync data`
+
+The benchmark executable should will be located at `data/benchmarktest/keymaster_benchmark/keymaster_benchmark` on the device.
+
+## Usage
+
+Keymaster Benchmark is built on [Google microbenchmark library](https://github.com/google/benchmark).
+All of the commandline arguments provided by the microbenchmark library are valid, such as `--benchmark_filter=<regex>` or `benchmark_out_format={json|console|csv}`.
+In addition to the command line arguments provided by microbenchmark, `--service_name=<service_name>` is provided allow specification of the keymaster service name, e.g. specify `--service_name=strongbox` to benchmark strongbox.
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.1/Android.bp
index eaa7e41..3b505d8 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.1/Android.bp
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/Android.bp
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
         "IOperation.hal",
     ],
     interfaces: [
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@3.0",
         "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
         "android.hidl.base@1.0",
     ],
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/IKeymasterDevice.hal b/keymaster/4.1/IKeymasterDevice.hal
index 64d2c9f..1456abe 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.1/IKeymasterDevice.hal
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/IKeymasterDevice.hal
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 import @4.0::KeyParameter;
 import @4.0::KeyPurpose;
 import @4.0::OperationHandle;
+import @4.0::VerificationToken;
+
 import IOperation;
 
 /**
@@ -31,6 +33,11 @@
  * - Device-unique attestaion;
  * - Early boot only keys;
  * - Better cleanup of operations when clients die without completing or aborting them.
+ *
+ * @4.1::IKeymasterDevice::attestKey() must produce attestations with keymasterVersion 41.  An
+ * oversight in the original numbering left no room for minor versions, so starting with 4.1 the
+ * versions will be numbered as major_version * 10 + minor version.  The addition of new attestable
+ * tags changes the attestation format again, slightly, so the attestationVersion must be 4.
  */
 interface IKeymasterDevice extends @4.0::IKeymasterDevice {
     /**
@@ -42,10 +49,28 @@
      * set to true the sufficiently-recent authentication token must indicate that the user
      * authenticated with a password, not a biometric.
      *
+     * Note that the IKeymasterDevice UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED semantics are slightly different from
+     * the UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED semantics enforced by keystore.  Keystore handles device locking
+     * on a per-user basis.  Because auth tokens do not contain an Android user ID, it's not
+     * possible to replicate the keystore enformcement logic in IKeymasterDevice.  So from the
+     * IKeymasterDevice perspective, any user unlock unlocks all UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED keys.
+     * Keystore will continue enforcing the per-user device locking.
+     *
      * @param passwordOnly specifies whether the device must be unlocked with a password, rather
      * than a biometric, before UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED keys can be used.
+     *
+     * @param verificationToken is used by StrongBox implementations of IKeymasterDevice.  It
+     * provides the StrongBox IKeymasterDevice with a fresh, MACed timestamp which it can use as the
+     * device-lock time, for future comparison against auth tokens when operations using
+     * UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED keys are attempted.  Unless the auth token timestamp is newer than
+     * the timestamp in the verificationToken, the device is still considered to be locked.
+     * Crucially, if a StrongBox IKeymasterDevice receives a deviceLocked() call with a verification
+     * token timestamp that is less than the timestamp in the last deviceLocked() call, it must
+     * ignore the new timestamp.  TEE IKeymasterDevice implementations will receive an empty
+     * verificationToken (zero values and empty vectors) and should use their own clock as the
+     * device-lock time.
      */
-    deviceLocked(bool passwordOnly) generates (ErrorCode error);
+    deviceLocked(bool passwordOnly, VerificationToken verificationToken) generates (ErrorCode error);
 
     /**
      * Called by client to notify the IKeymasterDevice that the device has left the early boot
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/default/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.1/default/Android.bp
index b06878b..3442b18 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.1/default/Android.bp
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/default/Android.bp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
     relative_install_path: "hw",
     vendor: true,
     init_rc: ["android.hardware.keymaster@4.1-service.rc"],
+    vintf_fragments: ["android.hardware.keymaster@4.1-service.xml"],
     srcs: ["service.cpp"],
 
     shared_libs: [
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@
         "libhidlbase",
         "libkeymaster4",
         "libkeymaster41",
+        "libkeymaster4_1support",
         "liblog",
         "libutils",
     ],
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/default/android.hardware.keymaster@4.1-service.xml b/keymaster/4.1/default/android.hardware.keymaster@4.1-service.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ba05c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/default/android.hardware.keymaster@4.1-service.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<manifest version="1.0" type="device">
+    <hal format="hidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.keymaster</name>
+        <transport>hwbinder</transport>
+        <version>4.1</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IKeymasterDevice</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.1/support/Android.bp
index 34b6108..bdd0ca8 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.1/support/Android.bp
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/Android.bp
@@ -22,11 +22,25 @@
         "-Wextra",
         "-Werror",
     ],
+    srcs: [
+        "attestation_record.cpp",
+        "Keymaster.cpp",
+        "Keymaster3.cpp",
+        "Keymaster4.cpp",
+    ],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.keymaster@3.0",
         "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
         "android.hardware.keymaster@4.1",
+        "libbase",
+        "libcrypto",
+        "libhidlbase",
         "libkeymaster4support",
-    ]
+        "libutils",
+    ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.1",
+        "libkeymaster4support",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster.cpp b/keymaster/4.1/support/Keymaster.cpp
similarity index 84%
rename from keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster.cpp
rename to keymaster/4.1/support/Keymaster.cpp
index 1eb9a68..b55bfcc 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/Keymaster.cpp
@@ -14,19 +14,18 @@
  ** limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <keymasterV4_0/Keymaster.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_1/Keymaster.h>
 
 #include <iomanip>
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/hidl/manager/1.2/IServiceManager.h>
-#include <keymasterV4_0/Keymaster3.h>
-#include <keymasterV4_0/Keymaster4.h>
 #include <keymasterV4_0/key_param_output.h>
 #include <keymasterV4_0/keymaster_utils.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_1/Keymaster3.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_1/Keymaster4.h>
 
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
+namespace android::hardware {
 
 template <class T>
 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const hidl_vec<T>& vec) {
@@ -57,6 +56,7 @@
 }
 
 namespace keymaster {
+
 namespace V4_0 {
 
 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const HmacSharingParameters& params) {
@@ -66,7 +66,9 @@
     return os;
 }
 
-namespace support {
+}  // namespace V4_0
+
+namespace V4_1::support {
 
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::hidl::manager::V1_2::IServiceManager;
@@ -81,7 +83,7 @@
 
 template <typename Wrapper>
 std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Keymaster>> enumerateDevices(
-    const sp<IServiceManager>& serviceManager) {
+        const sp<IServiceManager>& serviceManager) {
     Keymaster::KeymasterSet result;
 
     bool foundDefault = false;
@@ -141,14 +143,14 @@
 }
 
 static hidl_vec<HmacSharingParameters> getHmacParameters(
-    const Keymaster::KeymasterSet& keymasters) {
+        const Keymaster::KeymasterSet& keymasters) {
     std::vector<HmacSharingParameters> params_vec;
     params_vec.reserve(keymasters.size());
     for (auto& keymaster : keymasters) {
         if (keymaster->halVersion().majorVersion < 4) continue;
         auto rc = keymaster->getHmacSharingParameters([&](auto error, auto& params) {
-            CHECK(error == ErrorCode::OK)
-                << "Failed to get HMAC parameters from " << *keymaster << " error " << error;
+            CHECK(error == V4_0::ErrorCode::OK)
+                    << "Failed to get HMAC parameters from " << *keymaster << " error " << error;
             params_vec.push_back(params);
         });
         CHECK(rc.isOk()) << "Failed to communicate with " << *keymaster
@@ -170,18 +172,18 @@
         if (keymaster->halVersion().majorVersion < 4) continue;
         LOG(DEBUG) << "Computing HMAC for " << *keymaster;
         auto rc = keymaster->computeSharedHmac(
-            params, [&](ErrorCode error, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& curSharingCheck) {
-                CHECK(error == ErrorCode::OK)
-                    << "Failed to get HMAC parameters from " << *keymaster << " error " << error;
-                if (firstKeymaster) {
-                    sharingCheck = curSharingCheck;
-                    firstKeymaster = false;
-                }
-                if (curSharingCheck != sharingCheck)
-                    LOG(WARNING) << "HMAC computation failed for " << *keymaster  //
-                                 << " Expected: " << sharingCheck                 //
-                                 << " got: " << curSharingCheck;
-            });
+                params, [&](V4_0::ErrorCode error, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& curSharingCheck) {
+                    CHECK(error == V4_0::ErrorCode::OK) << "Failed to get HMAC parameters from "
+                                                        << *keymaster << " error " << error;
+                    if (firstKeymaster) {
+                        sharingCheck = curSharingCheck;
+                        firstKeymaster = false;
+                    }
+                    if (curSharingCheck != sharingCheck)
+                        LOG(WARNING) << "HMAC computation failed for " << *keymaster  //
+                                     << " Expected: " << sharingCheck                 //
+                                     << " got: " << curSharingCheck;
+                });
         CHECK(rc.isOk()) << "Failed to communicate with " << *keymaster
                          << " error: " << rc.description();
     }
@@ -191,8 +193,6 @@
     computeHmac(keymasters, getHmacParameters(keymasters));
 }
 
-}  // namespace support
-}  // namespace V4_0
+}  // namespace V4_1::support
 }  // namespace keymaster
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace android::hardware
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster3.cpp b/keymaster/4.1/support/Keymaster3.cpp
similarity index 81%
rename from keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster3.cpp
rename to keymaster/4.1/support/Keymaster3.cpp
index b2cdbd9..b665689 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster3.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/Keymaster3.cpp
@@ -15,23 +15,19 @@
  ** limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <keymasterV4_0/Keymaster3.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_1/Keymaster3.h>
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <keymasterV4_0/keymaster_utils.h>
 
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace keymaster {
-namespace V4_0 {
-namespace support {
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support {
 
 using android::hardware::details::StatusOf;
 
 namespace {
 
-ErrorCode convert(V3_0::ErrorCode error) {
-    return static_cast<ErrorCode>(error);
+V4_0::ErrorCode convert(V3_0::ErrorCode error) {
+    return static_cast<V4_0::ErrorCode>(error);
 }
 
 V3_0::KeyPurpose convert(KeyPurpose purpose) {
@@ -53,7 +49,7 @@
 
 KeyParameter convert(const V3_0::KeyParameter& param) {
     KeyParameter converted;
-    converted.tag = static_cast<Tag>(param.tag);
+    converted.tag = static_cast<V4_0::Tag>(param.tag);
     static_assert(sizeof(converted.f) == sizeof(param.f), "This function assumes sizes match");
     memcpy(&converted.f, &param.f, sizeof(param.f));
     converted.blob = param.blob;
@@ -89,7 +85,7 @@
         converted[i] = convert(params[i]);
     }
     converted[params.size()].tag = V3_0::Tag::AUTH_TOKEN;
-    converted[params.size()].blob = authToken2HidlVec(authToken);
+    converted[params.size()].blob = V4_0::support::authToken2HidlVec(authToken);
 
     return converted;
 }
@@ -107,16 +103,19 @@
     if (haveVersion_) return;
 
     auto rc = km3_dev_->getHardwareFeatures(
-        [&](bool isSecure, bool supportsEllipticCurve, bool supportsSymmetricCryptography,
-            bool supportsAttestation, bool supportsAllDigests, const hidl_string& keymasterName,
-            const hidl_string& keymasterAuthorName) {
-            version_ = {keymasterName, keymasterAuthorName, 0 /* major version, filled below */,
-                        isSecure ? SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT : SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE,
-                        supportsEllipticCurve};
-            supportsSymmetricCryptography_ = supportsSymmetricCryptography;
-            supportsAttestation_ = supportsAttestation;
-            supportsAllDigests_ = supportsAllDigests;
-        });
+            [&](bool isSecure, bool supportsEllipticCurve, bool supportsSymmetricCryptography,
+                bool supportsAttestation, bool supportsAllDigests, const hidl_string& keymasterName,
+                const hidl_string& keymasterAuthorName) {
+                version_ = {keymasterName,
+                            keymasterAuthorName,
+                            0 /* major version, filled below */,
+                            0 /* minor version */,
+                            isSecure ? SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT : SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE,
+                            supportsEllipticCurve};
+                supportsSymmetricCryptography_ = supportsSymmetricCryptography;
+                supportsAttestation_ = supportsAttestation;
+                supportsAllDigests_ = supportsAllDigests;
+            });
 
     CHECK(rc.isOk()) << "Got error " << rc.description() << " trying to get hardware features";
 
@@ -139,10 +138,10 @@
     return Void();
 }
 
-Return<ErrorCode> Keymaster3::addRngEntropy(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) {
+Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> Keymaster3::addRngEntropy(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) {
     auto rc = km3_dev_->addRngEntropy(data);
     if (!rc.isOk()) {
-        return StatusOf<V3_0::ErrorCode, ErrorCode>(rc);
+        return StatusOf<V3_0::ErrorCode, V4_0::ErrorCode>(rc);
     }
     return convert(rc);
 }
@@ -215,21 +214,21 @@
     return rc;
 }
 
-Return<ErrorCode> Keymaster3::deleteKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob) {
+Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> Keymaster3::deleteKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob) {
     auto rc = km3_dev_->deleteKey(keyBlob);
-    if (!rc.isOk()) return StatusOf<V3_0::ErrorCode, ErrorCode>(rc);
+    if (!rc.isOk()) return StatusOf<V3_0::ErrorCode, V4_0::ErrorCode>(rc);
     return convert(rc);
 }
 
-Return<ErrorCode> Keymaster3::deleteAllKeys() {
+Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> Keymaster3::deleteAllKeys() {
     auto rc = km3_dev_->deleteAllKeys();
-    if (!rc.isOk()) return StatusOf<V3_0::ErrorCode, ErrorCode>(rc);
+    if (!rc.isOk()) return StatusOf<V3_0::ErrorCode, V4_0::ErrorCode>(rc);
     return convert(rc);
 }
 
-Return<ErrorCode> Keymaster3::destroyAttestationIds() {
+Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> Keymaster3::destroyAttestationIds() {
     auto rc = km3_dev_->destroyAttestationIds();
-    if (!rc.isOk()) return StatusOf<V3_0::ErrorCode, ErrorCode>(rc);
+    if (!rc.isOk()) return StatusOf<V3_0::ErrorCode, V4_0::ErrorCode>(rc);
     return convert(rc);
 }
 
@@ -242,7 +241,7 @@
     };
 
     auto rc =
-        km3_dev_->begin(convert(purpose), key, convertAndAddAuthToken(inParams, authToken), cb);
+            km3_dev_->begin(convert(purpose), key, convertAndAddAuthToken(inParams, authToken), cb);
     rc.isOk();  // move ctor prereq
     return rc;
 }
@@ -256,8 +255,8 @@
         _hidl_cb(convert(error), inputConsumed, convert(outParams), output);
     };
 
-    auto rc =
-        km3_dev_->update(operationHandle, convertAndAddAuthToken(inParams, authToken), input, cb);
+    auto rc = km3_dev_->update(operationHandle, convertAndAddAuthToken(inParams, authToken), input,
+                               cb);
     rc.isOk();  // move ctor prereq
     return rc;
 }
@@ -278,14 +277,10 @@
     return rc;
 }
 
-Return<ErrorCode> Keymaster3::abort(uint64_t operationHandle) {
+Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> Keymaster3::abort(uint64_t operationHandle) {
     auto rc = km3_dev_->abort(operationHandle);
-    if (!rc.isOk()) return StatusOf<V3_0::ErrorCode, ErrorCode>(rc);
+    if (!rc.isOk()) return StatusOf<V3_0::ErrorCode, V4_0::ErrorCode>(rc);
     return convert(rc);
 }
 
-}  // namespace support
-}  // namespace V4_0
-}  // namespace keymaster
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/Keymaster4.cpp b/keymaster/4.1/support/Keymaster4.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33f4bb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/Keymaster4.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+** Copyright 2017, The Android Open Source Project
+**
+** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+** You may obtain a copy of the License at
+**
+**     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+**
+** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+** limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#include <keymasterV4_1/Keymaster4.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support {
+
+void Keymaster4::getVersionIfNeeded() {
+    if (haveVersion_) return;
+
+    auto rc = km4_0_dev_->getHardwareInfo([&](SecurityLevel securityLevel,
+                                              const hidl_string& keymasterName,
+                                              const hidl_string& authorName) {
+        version_ = {keymasterName,
+                    authorName,
+                    4 /* major version */,
+                    static_cast<uint8_t>((km4_1_dev_) ? 1 : 0) /* minor version */,
+                    securityLevel,
+                    true /* supportsEc */};
+        haveVersion_ = true;
+    });
+
+    CHECK(rc.isOk()) << "Got error " << rc.description() << " trying to get hardware info";
+}
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/OWNERS b/keymaster/4.1/support/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9efe66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+jdanis@google.com
+swillden@google.com
+jbires@google.com
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/attestation_record.cpp b/keymaster/4.1/support/attestation_record.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9eab1db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/attestation_record.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <keymasterV4_1/attestation_record.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#include <openssl/asn1t.h>
+#include <openssl/bn.h>
+#include <openssl/evp.h>
+#include <openssl/x509.h>
+
+#include <keymasterV4_0/authorization_set.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_0/openssl_utils.h>
+
+#define AT __FILE__ ":" << __LINE__
+
+/*
+ * NOTE: The contents of this file are *extremely* similar to the contents of the V4_0 copy of the
+ * same support file.  Unfortunately, small changes in the scheme mean that the schema types have to
+ * be distinct, which drives almost everything else to be different as well.  In the next version we
+ * plan to abandon not just this openssl mechanism for parsing ASN.1, but ASN.1 entirely, so
+ * eventually all of this duplication can be removed.
+ */
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace keymaster {
+namespace V4_1 {
+
+struct stack_st_ASN1_TYPE_Delete {
+    void operator()(stack_st_ASN1_TYPE* p) { sk_ASN1_TYPE_free(p); }
+};
+
+struct ASN1_STRING_Delete {
+    void operator()(ASN1_STRING* p) { ASN1_STRING_free(p); }
+};
+
+struct ASN1_TYPE_Delete {
+    void operator()(ASN1_TYPE* p) { ASN1_TYPE_free(p); }
+};
+
+#define ASN1_INTEGER_SET STACK_OF(ASN1_INTEGER)
+
+typedef struct km_root_of_trust {
+    ASN1_OCTET_STRING* verified_boot_key;
+    ASN1_BOOLEAN* device_locked;
+    ASN1_ENUMERATED* verified_boot_state;
+    ASN1_OCTET_STRING* verified_boot_hash;
+} KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST;
+
+ASN1_SEQUENCE(KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST) = {
+        ASN1_SIMPLE(KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST, verified_boot_key, ASN1_OCTET_STRING),
+        ASN1_SIMPLE(KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST, device_locked, ASN1_BOOLEAN),
+        ASN1_SIMPLE(KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST, verified_boot_state, ASN1_ENUMERATED),
+        ASN1_SIMPLE(KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST, verified_boot_hash, ASN1_OCTET_STRING),
+} ASN1_SEQUENCE_END(KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST);
+IMPLEMENT_ASN1_FUNCTIONS(KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST);
+
+typedef struct km_auth_list {
+    ASN1_INTEGER_SET* purpose;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* algorithm;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* key_size;
+    ASN1_INTEGER_SET* digest;
+    ASN1_INTEGER_SET* padding;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* ec_curve;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* rsa_public_exponent;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* active_date_time;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* origination_expire_date_time;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* usage_expire_date_time;
+    ASN1_NULL* no_auth_required;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* user_auth_type;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* auth_timeout;
+    ASN1_NULL* allow_while_on_body;
+    ASN1_NULL* all_applications;
+    ASN1_OCTET_STRING* application_id;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* creation_date_time;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* origin;
+    ASN1_NULL* rollback_resistance;
+    KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST* root_of_trust;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* os_version;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* os_patchlevel;
+    ASN1_OCTET_STRING* attestation_application_id;
+    ASN1_NULL* trusted_user_presence_required;
+    ASN1_NULL* trusted_confirmation_required;
+    ASN1_NULL* unlocked_device_required;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* vendor_patchlevel;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* boot_patchlevel;
+    ASN1_NULL* early_boot_only;
+    ASN1_NULL* device_unique_attestation;
+} KM_AUTH_LIST;
+
+ASN1_SEQUENCE(KM_AUTH_LIST) = {
+        ASN1_EXP_SET_OF_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, purpose, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_PURPOSE.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, algorithm, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_ALGORITHM.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, key_size, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_KEY_SIZE.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_SET_OF_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, digest, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_DIGEST.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_SET_OF_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, padding, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_PADDING.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, ec_curve, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_EC_CURVE.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, rsa_public_exponent, ASN1_INTEGER,
+                     TAG_RSA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, rollback_resistance, ASN1_NULL,
+                     TAG_ROLLBACK_RESISTANCE.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, active_date_time, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_ACTIVE_DATETIME.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, origination_expire_date_time, ASN1_INTEGER,
+                     TAG_ORIGINATION_EXPIRE_DATETIME.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, usage_expire_date_time, ASN1_INTEGER,
+                     TAG_USAGE_EXPIRE_DATETIME.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, no_auth_required, ASN1_NULL, TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, user_auth_type, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_USER_AUTH_TYPE.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, auth_timeout, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_AUTH_TIMEOUT.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, allow_while_on_body, ASN1_NULL,
+                     TAG_ALLOW_WHILE_ON_BODY.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, trusted_user_presence_required, ASN1_NULL,
+                     TAG_TRUSTED_USER_PRESENCE_REQUIRED.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, trusted_confirmation_required, ASN1_NULL,
+                     TAG_TRUSTED_CONFIRMATION_REQUIRED.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, unlocked_device_required, ASN1_NULL,
+                     TAG_UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, creation_date_time, ASN1_INTEGER,
+                     TAG_CREATION_DATETIME.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, origin, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_ORIGIN.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, root_of_trust, KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST, TAG_ROOT_OF_TRUST.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, os_version, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_OS_VERSION.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, os_patchlevel, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_OS_PATCHLEVEL.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, vendor_patchlevel, ASN1_INTEGER,
+                     TAG_VENDOR_PATCHLEVEL.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, boot_patchlevel, ASN1_INTEGER, TAG_BOOT_PATCHLEVEL.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, attestation_application_id, ASN1_OCTET_STRING,
+                     TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, early_boot_only, ASN1_NULL, TAG_EARLY_BOOT_ONLY.maskedTag()),
+        ASN1_EXP_OPT(KM_AUTH_LIST, device_unique_attestation, ASN1_NULL,
+                     TAG_DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION.maskedTag()),
+} ASN1_SEQUENCE_END(KM_AUTH_LIST);
+IMPLEMENT_ASN1_FUNCTIONS(KM_AUTH_LIST);
+
+typedef struct km_key_description {
+    ASN1_INTEGER* attestation_version;
+    ASN1_ENUMERATED* attestation_security_level;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* keymaster_version;
+    ASN1_ENUMERATED* keymaster_security_level;
+    ASN1_OCTET_STRING* attestation_challenge;
+    KM_AUTH_LIST* software_enforced;
+    KM_AUTH_LIST* tee_enforced;
+    ASN1_INTEGER* unique_id;
+} KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION;
+
+ASN1_SEQUENCE(KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION) = {
+        ASN1_SIMPLE(KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION, attestation_version, ASN1_INTEGER),
+        ASN1_SIMPLE(KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION, attestation_security_level, ASN1_ENUMERATED),
+        ASN1_SIMPLE(KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION, keymaster_version, ASN1_INTEGER),
+        ASN1_SIMPLE(KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION, keymaster_security_level, ASN1_ENUMERATED),
+        ASN1_SIMPLE(KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION, attestation_challenge, ASN1_OCTET_STRING),
+        ASN1_SIMPLE(KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION, unique_id, ASN1_OCTET_STRING),
+        ASN1_SIMPLE(KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION, software_enforced, KM_AUTH_LIST),
+        ASN1_SIMPLE(KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION, tee_enforced, KM_AUTH_LIST),
+} ASN1_SEQUENCE_END(KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION);
+IMPLEMENT_ASN1_FUNCTIONS(KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION);
+
+template <V4_0::Tag tag>
+void copyAuthTag(const stack_st_ASN1_INTEGER* stack, TypedTag<TagType::ENUM_REP, tag> ttag,
+                 AuthorizationSet* auth_list) {
+    typedef typename V4_0::TypedTag2ValueType<decltype(ttag)>::type ValueT;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < sk_ASN1_INTEGER_num(stack); ++i) {
+        auth_list->push_back(
+                ttag, static_cast<ValueT>(ASN1_INTEGER_get(sk_ASN1_INTEGER_value(stack, i))));
+    }
+}
+
+template <V4_0::Tag tag>
+void copyAuthTag(const ASN1_INTEGER* asn1_int, TypedTag<TagType::ENUM, tag> ttag,
+                 AuthorizationSet* auth_list) {
+    typedef typename V4_0::TypedTag2ValueType<decltype(ttag)>::type ValueT;
+    if (!asn1_int) return;
+    auth_list->push_back(ttag, static_cast<ValueT>(ASN1_INTEGER_get(asn1_int)));
+}
+
+template <V4_0::Tag tag>
+void copyAuthTag(const ASN1_INTEGER* asn1_int, TypedTag<TagType::UINT, tag> ttag,
+                 AuthorizationSet* auth_list) {
+    if (!asn1_int) return;
+    auth_list->push_back(ttag, ASN1_INTEGER_get(asn1_int));
+}
+
+BIGNUM* construct_uint_max() {
+    BIGNUM* value = BN_new();
+    BIGNUM_Ptr one(BN_new());
+    BN_one(one.get());
+    BN_lshift(value, one.get(), 32);
+    return value;
+}
+
+uint64_t BignumToUint64(BIGNUM* num) {
+    static_assert((sizeof(BN_ULONG) == sizeof(uint32_t)) || (sizeof(BN_ULONG) == sizeof(uint64_t)),
+                  "This implementation only supports 32 and 64-bit BN_ULONG");
+    if (sizeof(BN_ULONG) == sizeof(uint32_t)) {
+        BIGNUM_Ptr uint_max(construct_uint_max());
+        BIGNUM_Ptr hi(BN_new()), lo(BN_new());
+        BN_CTX_Ptr ctx(BN_CTX_new());
+        BN_div(hi.get(), lo.get(), num, uint_max.get(), ctx.get());
+        return static_cast<uint64_t>(BN_get_word(hi.get())) << 32 | BN_get_word(lo.get());
+    } else if (sizeof(BN_ULONG) == sizeof(uint64_t)) {
+        return BN_get_word(num);
+    } else {
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+template <V4_0::Tag tag>
+void copyAuthTag(const ASN1_INTEGER* asn1_int, TypedTag<TagType::ULONG, tag> ttag,
+                 AuthorizationSet* auth_list) {
+    if (!asn1_int) return;
+    BIGNUM_Ptr num(ASN1_INTEGER_to_BN(asn1_int, nullptr));
+    auth_list->push_back(ttag, BignumToUint64(num.get()));
+}
+
+template <V4_0::Tag tag>
+void copyAuthTag(const ASN1_INTEGER* asn1_int, TypedTag<TagType::DATE, tag> ttag,
+                 AuthorizationSet* auth_list) {
+    if (!asn1_int) return;
+    BIGNUM_Ptr num(ASN1_INTEGER_to_BN(asn1_int, nullptr));
+    auth_list->push_back(ttag, BignumToUint64(num.get()));
+}
+
+template <V4_0::Tag tag>
+void copyAuthTag(const ASN1_NULL* asn1_null, TypedTag<TagType::BOOL, tag> ttag,
+                 AuthorizationSet* auth_list) {
+    if (!asn1_null) return;
+    auth_list->push_back(ttag);
+}
+
+template <V4_0::Tag tag>
+void copyAuthTag(const ASN1_OCTET_STRING* asn1_string, TypedTag<TagType::BYTES, tag> ttag,
+                 AuthorizationSet* auth_list) {
+    if (!asn1_string) return;
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> buf;
+    buf.setToExternal(asn1_string->data, asn1_string->length);
+    auth_list->push_back(ttag, buf);
+}
+
+// Extract the values from the specified ASN.1 record and place them in auth_list.
+static ErrorCode extract_auth_list(const KM_AUTH_LIST* record, AuthorizationSet* auth_list) {
+    if (!record) return ErrorCode::OK;
+
+    copyAuthTag(record->active_date_time, TAG_ACTIVE_DATETIME, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->algorithm, TAG_ALGORITHM, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->application_id, TAG_APPLICATION_ID, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->auth_timeout, TAG_AUTH_TIMEOUT, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->creation_date_time, TAG_CREATION_DATETIME, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->digest, TAG_DIGEST, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->ec_curve, TAG_EC_CURVE, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->key_size, TAG_KEY_SIZE, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->no_auth_required, TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->origin, TAG_ORIGIN, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->origination_expire_date_time, TAG_ORIGINATION_EXPIRE_DATETIME, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->os_patchlevel, TAG_OS_PATCHLEVEL, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->os_version, TAG_OS_VERSION, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->padding, TAG_PADDING, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->purpose, TAG_PURPOSE, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->rollback_resistance, TAG_ROLLBACK_RESISTANCE, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->rsa_public_exponent, TAG_RSA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->usage_expire_date_time, TAG_USAGE_EXPIRE_DATETIME, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->user_auth_type, TAG_USER_AUTH_TYPE, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->attestation_application_id, TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->vendor_patchlevel, TAG_VENDOR_PATCHLEVEL, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->boot_patchlevel, TAG_BOOT_PATCHLEVEL, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->trusted_user_presence_required, TAG_TRUSTED_USER_PRESENCE_REQUIRED,
+                auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->trusted_confirmation_required, TAG_TRUSTED_CONFIRMATION_REQUIRED,
+                auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->unlocked_device_required, TAG_UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->early_boot_only, TAG_EARLY_BOOT_ONLY, auth_list);
+    copyAuthTag(record->device_unique_attestation, TAG_DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION, auth_list);
+
+    return ErrorCode::OK;
+}
+
+MAKE_OPENSSL_PTR_TYPE(KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION)
+
+// Parse the DER-encoded attestation record, placing the results in keymaster_version,
+// attestation_challenge, software_enforced, tee_enforced and unique_id.
+std::tuple<ErrorCode, AttestationRecord> parse_attestation_record(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& cert) {
+    const uint8_t* p = cert.data();
+    X509_Ptr x509(d2i_X509(nullptr, &p, cert.size()));
+
+    ASN1_OBJECT_Ptr oid(OBJ_txt2obj(kAttestionRecordOid, 1 /* dotted string format */));
+    if (!oid.get()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing OID";
+        return {ErrorCode::UNKNOWN_ERROR, {}};
+    }
+
+    int location = X509_get_ext_by_OBJ(x509.get(), oid.get(), -1 /* search from beginning */);
+    if (location == -1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Attestation extension not found in certificate";
+        return {ErrorCode::UNKNOWN_ERROR, {}};
+    }
+
+    X509_EXTENSION* attest_rec_ext = X509_get_ext(x509.get(), location);
+    if (!attest_rec_ext) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Found extension but couldn't retrieve it.  Probably BoringSSL bug.";
+        return {ErrorCode::UNKNOWN_ERROR, {}};
+    }
+
+    ASN1_OCTET_STRING* attest_rec = X509_EXTENSION_get_data(attest_rec_ext);
+    if (!attest_rec_ext) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Attestation extension contained no data";
+        return {ErrorCode::UNKNOWN_ERROR, {}};
+    }
+
+    p = attest_rec->data;
+    KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION_Ptr record(d2i_KM_KEY_DESCRIPTION(nullptr, &p, attest_rec->length));
+    if (!record.get()) return {ErrorCode::UNKNOWN_ERROR, {}};
+
+    AttestationRecord result;
+
+    result.attestation_version = ASN1_INTEGER_get(record->attestation_version);
+    result.attestation_security_level =
+            static_cast<SecurityLevel>(ASN1_ENUMERATED_get(record->attestation_security_level));
+    result.keymaster_version = ASN1_INTEGER_get(record->keymaster_version);
+    result.keymaster_security_level =
+            static_cast<SecurityLevel>(ASN1_ENUMERATED_get(record->keymaster_security_level));
+
+    auto& chall = record->attestation_challenge;
+    result.attestation_challenge.resize(chall->length);
+    memcpy(result.attestation_challenge.data(), chall->data, chall->length);
+    auto& uid = record->unique_id;
+    result.unique_id.resize(uid->length);
+    memcpy(result.unique_id.data(), uid->data, uid->length);
+
+    ErrorCode error = extract_auth_list(record->software_enforced, &result.software_enforced);
+    if (error != ErrorCode::OK) return {error, {}};
+
+    error = extract_auth_list(record->tee_enforced, &result.hardware_enforced);
+    if (error != ErrorCode::OK) return {error, {}};
+
+    KM_ROOT_OF_TRUST* root_of_trust = nullptr;
+    if (record->tee_enforced && record->tee_enforced->root_of_trust) {
+        root_of_trust = record->tee_enforced->root_of_trust;
+    } else if (record->software_enforced && record->software_enforced->root_of_trust) {
+        root_of_trust = record->software_enforced->root_of_trust;
+    } else {
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << " Failed root of trust parsing";
+        return {ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT, {}};
+    }
+    if (!root_of_trust->verified_boot_key) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << " Failed verified boot key parsing";
+        return {ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT, {}};
+    }
+
+    RootOfTrust& rot = result.root_of_trust;
+    auto& vb_key = root_of_trust->verified_boot_key;
+    rot.verified_boot_key.resize(vb_key->length);
+    memcpy(rot.verified_boot_key.data(), vb_key->data, vb_key->length);
+
+    rot.verified_boot_state = static_cast<keymaster_verified_boot_t>(
+            ASN1_ENUMERATED_get(root_of_trust->verified_boot_state));
+    rot.device_locked = root_of_trust->device_locked;
+
+    auto& vb_hash = root_of_trust->verified_boot_hash;
+    if (!vb_hash) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << AT << " Failed verified boot hash parsing";
+        return {ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT, {}};
+    }
+    rot.verified_boot_hash.resize(vb_hash->length);
+    memcpy(rot.verified_boot_hash.data(), vb_hash->data, vb_hash->length);
+
+    return {ErrorCode::OK, result};
+}
+
+}  // namespace V4_1
+}  // namespace keymaster
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster.h b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/Keymaster.h
similarity index 72%
rename from keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster.h
rename to keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/Keymaster.h
index 43a34b0..2266636 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster.h
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/Keymaster.h
@@ -15,31 +15,31 @@
  ** limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_SUPPORT_KEYMASTER_H_
-#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_SUPPORT_KEYMASTER_H_
-
-#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.0/IKeymasterDevice.h>
+#pragma once
 
 #include <memory>
 #include <vector>
 
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace keymaster {
-namespace V4_0 {
-namespace support {
+#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.1/IKeymasterDevice.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h>
+
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support {
 
 /**
- * Keymaster abstracts the underlying V4_0::IKeymasterDevice.  There is one implementation
- * (Keymaster4) which is a trivial passthrough and one that wraps a V3_0::IKeymasterDevice.
+ * Keymaster abstracts the underlying V4_1::IKeymasterDevice.  There are two implementations,
+ * Keymaster3 which wraps a V3_0::IKeymasterDevice and Keymaster4, which wraps either a
+ * V4_0::IKeymasterDevice or a V4_1::IKeymasterDevice.  There is a V3_0::IKeymasterDevice
+ * implementation that is used to wrap pre-HIDL keymaster implementations, and Keymaster3 will wrap
+ * that.
  *
  * The reason for adding this additional layer, rather than simply using the latest HAL directly and
  * subclassing it to wrap any older HAL, is because this provides a place to put additional methods
  * which clients can use when they need to distinguish between different underlying HAL versions,
- * while still having to use only the latest interface.
+ * while still having to use only the latest interface.  Plus it's a handy place to keep some
+ * convenience methods.
  */
 class Keymaster : public IKeymasterDevice {
-   public:
+  public:
     using KeymasterSet = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Keymaster>>;
 
     Keymaster(const hidl_string& descriptor, const hidl_string& instanceName)
@@ -50,12 +50,14 @@
         hidl_string keymasterName;
         hidl_string authorName;
         uint8_t majorVersion;
+        uint8_t minorVersion;
         SecurityLevel securityLevel;
         bool supportsEc;
 
         bool operator>(const VersionResult& other) const {
-            auto lhs = std::tie(securityLevel, majorVersion, supportsEc);
-            auto rhs = std::tie(other.securityLevel, other.majorVersion, other.supportsEc);
+            auto lhs = std::tie(securityLevel, majorVersion, minorVersion, supportsEc);
+            auto rhs = std::tie(other.securityLevel, other.majorVersion, other.minorVersion,
+                                other.supportsEc);
             return lhs > rhs;
         }
     };
@@ -69,6 +71,9 @@
      * There are no side effects otherwise.
      */
     void logIfKeymasterVendorError(ErrorCode ec) const;
+    void logIfKeymasterVendorError(V4_0::ErrorCode ec) const {
+        logIfKeymasterVendorError(static_cast<ErrorCode>(ec));
+    }
 
     /**
      * Returns all available Keymaster3 and Keymaster4 instances, in order of most secure to least
@@ -86,17 +91,11 @@
      */
     static void performHmacKeyAgreement(const KeymasterSet& keymasters);
 
-   private:
+  private:
     hidl_string descriptor_;
     hidl_string instanceName_;
 };
 
 std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Keymaster& keymaster);
 
-}  // namespace support
-}  // namespace V4_0
-}  // namespace keymaster
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
-
-#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_SUPPORT_KEYMASTER_H_
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster3.h b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/Keymaster3.h
similarity index 72%
rename from keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster3.h
rename to keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/Keymaster3.h
index c40be7c..c201e8c 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster3.h
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/Keymaster3.h
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 /*
- **
  ** Copyright 2017, The Android Open Source Project
  **
  ** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
@@ -15,18 +14,14 @@
  ** limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_SUPPORT_KEYMASTER_3_H_
-#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_SUPPORT_KEYMASTER_3_H_
+#pragma once
 
 #include <android/hardware/keymaster/3.0/IKeymasterDevice.h>
 
 #include "Keymaster.h"
+#include "Operation.h"
 
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace keymaster {
-namespace V4_0 {
-namespace support {
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support {
 
 using IKeymaster3Device = ::android::hardware::keymaster::V3_0::IKeymasterDevice;
 
@@ -38,8 +33,10 @@
 using ::android::hardware::details::return_status;
 
 class Keymaster3 : public Keymaster {
-   public:
+  public:
+    // This definition is used for device enumeration.
     using WrappedIKeymasterDevice = IKeymaster3Device;
+
     Keymaster3(sp<IKeymaster3Device> km3_dev, const hidl_string& instanceName)
         : Keymaster(IKeymaster3Device::descriptor, instanceName),
           km3_dev_(km3_dev),
@@ -53,24 +50,24 @@
     Return<void> getHardwareInfo(getHardwareInfo_cb _hidl_cb);
 
     Return<void> getHmacSharingParameters(getHmacSharingParameters_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        _hidl_cb(ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED, {});
+        _hidl_cb(V4_0::ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED, {});
         return Void();
     }
 
     Return<void> computeSharedHmac(const hidl_vec<HmacSharingParameters>&,
                                    computeSharedHmac_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        _hidl_cb(ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED, {});
+        _hidl_cb(V4_0::ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED, {});
         return Void();
     }
 
     Return<void> verifyAuthorization(uint64_t, const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>&,
                                      const HardwareAuthToken&,
                                      verifyAuthorization_cb _hidl_cb) override {
-        _hidl_cb(ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED, {});
+        _hidl_cb(V4_0::ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED, {});
         return Void();
     }
 
-    Return<ErrorCode> addRngEntropy(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) override;
+    Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> addRngEntropy(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) override;
     Return<void> generateKey(const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& keyParams,
                              generateKey_cb _hidl_cb) override;
     Return<void> getKeyCharacteristics(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob,
@@ -86,7 +83,7 @@
                                   const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& /* unwrappingParams */,
                                   uint64_t /* passwordSid */, uint64_t /* biometricSid */,
                                   importWrappedKey_cb _hidl_cb) {
-        _hidl_cb(ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED, {}, {});
+        _hidl_cb(V4_0::ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED, {}, {});
         return Void();
     }
 
@@ -99,9 +96,9 @@
     Return<void> upgradeKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlobToUpgrade,
                             const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& upgradeParams,
                             upgradeKey_cb _hidl_cb) override;
-    Return<ErrorCode> deleteKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob) override;
-    Return<ErrorCode> deleteAllKeys() override;
-    Return<ErrorCode> destroyAttestationIds() override;
+    Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> deleteKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob) override;
+    Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> deleteAllKeys() override;
+    Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> destroyAttestationIds() override;
     Return<void> begin(KeyPurpose purpose, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& key,
                        const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& inParams, const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
                        begin_cb _hidl_cb) override;
@@ -112,9 +109,31 @@
                         const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& input, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& signature,
                         const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
                         const VerificationToken& verificationToken, finish_cb _hidl_cb) override;
-    Return<ErrorCode> abort(uint64_t operationHandle) override;
+    Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> abort(uint64_t operationHandle) override;
 
-   private:
+    /**********************************
+     * V4_1::IKeymasterDevice methods *
+     *********************************/
+
+    Return<ErrorCode> deviceLocked(bool /* passwordOnly */,
+                                   const VerificationToken& /* verificationToken */) override {
+        return ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED;
+    }
+
+    Return<ErrorCode> earlyBootEnded() override { return ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED; }
+
+    Return<void> beginOp(KeyPurpose purpose, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob,
+                         const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& inParams, const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
+                         beginOp_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return begin(purpose, keyBlob, inParams, authToken,
+                     [&_hidl_cb](V4_0::ErrorCode errorCode, const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& outParams,
+                                 OperationHandle operationHandle) {
+                         _hidl_cb(static_cast<ErrorCode>(errorCode), outParams,
+                                  new Operation(operationHandle));
+                     });
+    }
+
+  private:
     void getVersionIfNeeded();
 
     sp<IKeymaster3Device> km3_dev_;
@@ -126,10 +145,4 @@
     bool supportsAllDigests_;
 };
 
-}  // namespace support
-}  // namespace V4_0
-}  // namespace keymaster
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
-
-#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_SUPPORT_KEYMASTER_3_H_
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/Keymaster4.h b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/Keymaster4.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d74d98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/Keymaster4.h
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+/*
+ ** Copyright 2020, The Android Open Source Project
+ **
+ ** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ ** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ ** You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ **
+ **     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ **
+ ** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ ** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ ** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ ** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ ** limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "Keymaster.h"
+#include "Operation.h"
+
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support {
+
+using android::sp;
+
+/**
+ * This class can wrap either a V4_0 or V4_1 IKeymasterDevice.
+ */
+class Keymaster4 : public Keymaster {
+  public:
+    // This definition is used for device enumeration; enumerating 4.0 devices will also
+    // enumerate 4.1. devices.
+    using WrappedIKeymasterDevice = V4_0::IKeymasterDevice;
+
+    Keymaster4(sp<V4_1::IKeymasterDevice> km4_1_dev, const hidl_string& instanceName)
+        : Keymaster(V4_1::IKeymasterDevice::descriptor, instanceName),
+          haveVersion_(false),
+          km4_0_dev_(km4_1_dev),
+          km4_1_dev_(km4_1_dev) {}
+
+    Keymaster4(sp<V4_0::IKeymasterDevice> km4_0_dev, const hidl_string& instanceName)
+        : Keymaster(V4_1::IKeymasterDevice::descriptor, instanceName),
+          haveVersion_(false),
+          km4_0_dev_(km4_0_dev),
+          km4_1_dev_() {}
+
+    const VersionResult& halVersion() const override {
+        const_cast<Keymaster4*>(this)->getVersionIfNeeded();
+        return version_;
+    }
+
+    /**********************************
+     * V4_0::IKeymasterDevice methods *
+     *********************************/
+
+    Return<void> getHardwareInfo(getHardwareInfo_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->getHardwareInfo(_hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<void> getHmacSharingParameters(getHmacSharingParameters_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->getHmacSharingParameters(_hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<void> computeSharedHmac(const hidl_vec<HmacSharingParameters>& params,
+                                   computeSharedHmac_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->computeSharedHmac(params, _hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<void> verifyAuthorization(uint64_t operationHandle, const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& params,
+                                     const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
+                                     verifyAuthorization_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->verifyAuthorization(operationHandle, params, authToken, _hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> addRngEntropy(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->addRngEntropy(data);
+    }
+
+    Return<void> generateKey(const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& keyParams,
+                             generateKey_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->generateKey(keyParams, _hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<void> getKeyCharacteristics(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob,
+                                       const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& clientId,
+                                       const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& appData,
+                                       getKeyCharacteristics_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->getKeyCharacteristics(keyBlob, clientId, appData, _hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<void> importKey(const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& params, KeyFormat keyFormat,
+                           const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyData, importKey_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->importKey(params, keyFormat, keyData, _hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<void> importWrappedKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& wrappedKeyData,
+                                  const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& wrappingKeyBlob,
+                                  const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& maskingKey,
+                                  const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& unwrappingParams,
+                                  uint64_t passwordSid, uint64_t biometricSid,
+                                  importWrappedKey_cb _hidl_cb) {
+        return km4_0_dev_->importWrappedKey(wrappedKeyData, wrappingKeyBlob, maskingKey,
+                                            unwrappingParams, passwordSid, biometricSid, _hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<void> exportKey(KeyFormat exportFormat, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob,
+                           const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& clientId, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& appData,
+                           exportKey_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->exportKey(exportFormat, keyBlob, clientId, appData, _hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<void> attestKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyToAttest,
+                           const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& attestParams,
+                           attestKey_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->attestKey(keyToAttest, attestParams, _hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<void> upgradeKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlobToUpgrade,
+                            const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& upgradeParams,
+                            upgradeKey_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->upgradeKey(keyBlobToUpgrade, upgradeParams, _hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> deleteKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->deleteKey(keyBlob);
+    }
+
+    Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> deleteAllKeys() override { return km4_0_dev_->deleteAllKeys(); }
+
+    Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> destroyAttestationIds() override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->destroyAttestationIds();
+    }
+
+    Return<void> begin(KeyPurpose purpose, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& key,
+                       const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& inParams, const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
+                       begin_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->begin(purpose, key, inParams, authToken, _hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<void> update(uint64_t operationHandle, const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& inParams,
+                        const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& input, const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
+                        const VerificationToken& verificationToken, update_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->update(operationHandle, inParams, input, authToken, verificationToken,
+                                  _hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<void> finish(uint64_t operationHandle, const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& inParams,
+                        const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& input, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& signature,
+                        const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
+                        const VerificationToken& verificationToken, finish_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->finish(operationHandle, inParams, input, signature, authToken,
+                                  verificationToken, _hidl_cb);
+    }
+
+    Return<V4_0::ErrorCode> abort(uint64_t operationHandle) override {
+        return km4_0_dev_->abort(operationHandle);
+    }
+
+    /**********************************
+     * V4_1::IKeymasterDevice methods *
+     *********************************/
+
+    Return<ErrorCode> deviceLocked(bool passwordOnly,
+                                   const VerificationToken& verificationToken) override {
+        if (km4_1_dev_) return km4_1_dev_->deviceLocked(passwordOnly, verificationToken);
+        return ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED;
+    }
+
+    Return<ErrorCode> earlyBootEnded() override {
+        if (km4_1_dev_) return km4_1_dev_->earlyBootEnded();
+        return ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED;
+    }
+
+    Return<void> beginOp(KeyPurpose purpose, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& keyBlob,
+                         const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& inParams, const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
+                         beginOp_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        if (km4_1_dev_) return km4_1_dev_->beginOp(purpose, keyBlob, inParams, authToken, _hidl_cb);
+
+        return km4_0_dev_->begin(
+                purpose, keyBlob, inParams, authToken,
+                [&_hidl_cb](V4_0::ErrorCode errorCode, const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& outParams,
+                            OperationHandle operationHandle) {
+                    _hidl_cb(static_cast<ErrorCode>(errorCode), outParams,
+                             new Operation(operationHandle));
+                });
+    }
+
+  private:
+    void getVersionIfNeeded();
+
+    bool haveVersion_;
+    VersionResult version_;
+    sp<V4_0::IKeymasterDevice> km4_0_dev_;
+    sp<V4_1::IKeymasterDevice> km4_1_dev_;
+};  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/Operation.h b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/Operation.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..902d49a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/Operation.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ ** Copyright 2020, The Android Open Source Project
+ **
+ ** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ ** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ ** You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ **
+ **     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ **
+ ** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ ** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ ** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ ** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ ** limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.1/IOperation.h>
+
+#include <keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h>
+
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support {
+
+class Operation : public IOperation {
+  public:
+    Operation(OperationHandle handle) : handle_(handle) {}
+
+    Return<void> getOperationChallenge(getOperationChallenge_cb _hidl_cb) override {
+        _hidl_cb(V4_1::ErrorCode::OK, handle_);
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+  private:
+    OperationHandle handle_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/attestation_record.h b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/attestation_record.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b543bdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/attestation_record.h
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.1/IKeymasterDevice.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_0/attestation_record.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_0/openssl_utils.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_1/authorization_set.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace keymaster {
+namespace V4_1 {
+
+using V4_0::kAttestionRecordOid;
+using V4_0::keymaster_verified_boot_t;
+
+struct RootOfTrust {
+    SecurityLevel security_level;
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> verified_boot_key;
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> verified_boot_hash;
+    keymaster_verified_boot_t verified_boot_state;
+    bool device_locked;
+};
+
+struct AttestationRecord {
+    RootOfTrust root_of_trust;
+    uint32_t attestation_version;
+    SecurityLevel attestation_security_level;
+    uint32_t keymaster_version;
+    SecurityLevel keymaster_security_level;
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> attestation_challenge;
+    AuthorizationSet software_enforced;
+    AuthorizationSet hardware_enforced;
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> unique_id;
+};
+
+std::tuple<ErrorCode, AttestationRecord> parse_attestation_record(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& cert);
+
+}  // namespace V4_1
+}  // namespace keymaster
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/authorization_set.h b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/authorization_set.h
index afc0eaf..01605b7 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/authorization_set.h
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/authorization_set.h
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_V4_1_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_AUTHORIZATION_SET_H_
-#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_V4_1_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_AUTHORIZATION_SET_H_
+#pragma once
 
 #include <keymasterV4_0/authorization_set.h>
 
@@ -28,5 +27,3 @@
 using V4_0::KeyParameter;
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1
-
-#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_V4_1_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_AUTHORIZATION_SET_H_
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h
index 6ffe8e1..40eb142 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h
@@ -23,16 +23,26 @@
 
 namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1 {
 
+using V4_0::Algorithm;
 using V4_0::BlockMode;
 using V4_0::Digest;
 using V4_0::EcCurve;
-using V4_0::ErrorCode;
+using V4_0::HardwareAuthenticatorType;
 using V4_0::HardwareAuthToken;
+using V4_0::HmacSharingParameters;
+using V4_0::KeyBlobUsageRequirements;
+using V4_0::KeyCharacteristics;
+using V4_0::KeyFormat;
+using V4_0::KeyOrigin;
 using V4_0::KeyParameter;
+using V4_0::KeyPurpose;
+using V4_0::OperationHandle;
 using V4_0::PaddingMode;
+using V4_0::SecurityLevel;
 using V4_0::TagType;
 using V4_0::VerificationToken;
 
+using V4_0::NullOr;
 using V4_0::TypedTag;
 
 using V4_0::TAG_ACTIVE_DATETIME;
@@ -90,6 +100,8 @@
 
 DECLARE_KM_4_1_TYPED_TAG(EARLY_BOOT_ONLY);
 DECLARE_KM_4_1_TYPED_TAG(DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION);
+DECLARE_KM_4_1_TYPED_TAG(STORAGE_KEY);
+DECLARE_KM_4_1_TYPED_TAG(IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_KEY);
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1
 
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_utils.h b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_utils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2e28002
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_utils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <keymasterV4_0/keymaster_utils.h>
+
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support {
+
+using V4_0::support::blob2hidlVec;
+using V4_0::support::hidlVec2AuthToken;
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::support
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/types.hal b/keymaster/4.1/types.hal
index bdf1731..f3bdcc6 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.1/types.hal
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/types.hal
@@ -26,17 +26,53 @@
      * IKeymasterDevice::earlyBootEnded() is called.
      */
     EARLY_BOOT_ONLY = TagType:BOOL | 305,
+
     /**
      * DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION is an argument to IKeymasterDevice::attestKey().  It indicates that
-     * attestation using a device-unique key is requested, rather than a batch key.  Only
-     * SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX IKeymasterDevices may support device-unique attestations.
-     * SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT IKeymasterDevices must return ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT
-     * if they receive DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION.  SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX IKeymasterDevices need
-     * not support DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION, and return ErrorCode::CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS if they do not
-     * support it.
+     * attestation using a device-unique key is requested, rather than a batch key.  When a
+     * device-unique key is used, only the attestation certificate is returned; no additional
+     * chained certificates are provided.  It's up to the caller to recognize the device-unique
+     * signing key.  Only SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX IKeymasterDevices may support device-unique
+     * attestations.  SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT IKeymasterDevices must return
+     * ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT if they receive DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION.
+     * SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX IKeymasterDevices need not support DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION, and
+     * return ErrorCode::CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS if they do not support it.
      *
      * IKeymasterDevice implementations that support device-unique attestation MUST add the
      * DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION tag to device-unique attestations.
      */
     DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION = TagType:BOOL | 720,
+
+    /**
+     * IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_KEY is never used by IKeymasterDevice, is not a valid argument to key
+     * generation or any operation, is never returned by any method and is never used in a key
+     * attestation.  It is used in attestations produced by the IIdentityCredential HAL when that
+     * HAL attests to Credential Keys.  IIdentityCredential produces Keymaster-style attestations.
+     */
+    IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_KEY = TagType:BOOL | 721,
+
+    /**
+     * To prevent keys from being compromised if an attacker acquires read access to system / kernel
+     * memory, some inline encryption hardware supports protecting storage encryption keys in hardware
+     * without software having access to or the ability to set the plaintext keys. Instead, software
+     * only sees wrapped version of these keys.
+     *
+     * STORAGE_KEY is used to denote that a key generated or imported is a key used for storage
+     * encryption. Keys of this type can either be generated or imported or secure imported using
+     * keymaster. exportKey() can be used to re-wrap storage key with a per-boot ephemeral key wrapped
+     * key once the key characteristics are enforced.
+     *
+     * Keys with this tag cannot be used for any operation within keymaster.
+     * ErrorCode::INVALID_OPERATION is returned when a key with Tag::STORAGE_KEY is provided to
+     * begin().
+     */
+    STORAGE_KEY = TagType:BOOL | 722,
+};
+
+enum ErrorCode : @4.0::ErrorCode {
+    EARLY_BOOT_ENDED = -73,
+    ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED = -74,
+    ATTESTATION_IDS_NOT_PROVISIONED = -75,
+    INVALID_OPERATION = -76,
+    STORAGE_KEY_UNSUPPORTED = -77,
 };
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index f5a0c9c..c2d7fa3 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,12 +19,24 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: [
         "EarlyBootKeyTest.cpp",
+        "DeviceUniqueAttestationTest.cpp",
+        "Keymaster4_1HidlTest.cpp",
+        "UnlockedDeviceRequiredTest.cpp",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
         "android.hardware.keymaster@4.1",
-        "libkeymaster4support",
+        "libcrypto_static",
         "libkeymaster4_1support",
+        "libkeymaster4support",
+        "libkeymaster4vtstest",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["vts-core"],
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-O0",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/DeviceUniqueAttestationTest.cpp b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/DeviceUniqueAttestationTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ea3275
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/DeviceUniqueAttestationTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "Keymaster4_1HidlTest.h"
+
+#include <cutils/properties.h>
+
+#include <openssl/x509.h>
+
+#include <keymasterV4_1/attestation_record.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_1/authorization_set.h>
+
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0 {
+
+bool operator==(const AuthorizationSet& a, const AuthorizationSet& b) {
+    return std::equal(a.begin(), a.end(), b.begin(), b.end());
+}
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0
+
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1 {
+
+inline ::std::ostream& operator<<(::std::ostream& os, Tag tag) {
+    return os << toString(tag);
+}
+
+namespace test {
+
+using std::string;
+using std::tuple;
+
+namespace {
+
+char nibble2hex[16] = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7',
+                       '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
+
+string bin2hex(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) {
+    string retval;
+    retval.reserve(data.size() * 2 + 1);
+    for (uint8_t byte : data) {
+        retval.push_back(nibble2hex[0x0F & (byte >> 4)]);
+        retval.push_back(nibble2hex[0x0F & byte]);
+    }
+    return retval;
+}
+
+struct AuthorizationSetDifferences {
+    string aName;
+    string bName;
+    AuthorizationSet aWhackB;
+    AuthorizationSet bWhackA;
+};
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& o, const AuthorizationSetDifferences& diffs) {
+    if (!diffs.aWhackB.empty()) {
+        o << "Set " << diffs.aName << " contains the following that " << diffs.bName << " does not"
+          << diffs.aWhackB;
+        if (!diffs.bWhackA.empty()) o << std::endl;
+    }
+
+    if (!diffs.bWhackA.empty()) {
+        o << "Set " << diffs.bName << " contains the following that " << diffs.aName << " does not"
+          << diffs.bWhackA;
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+// Computes and returns a \ b and b \ a ('\' is the set-difference operator, a \ b means all the
+// elements that are in a but not b, i.e. take a and whack all the elements in b) to the provided
+// stream.  The sets must be sorted.
+//
+// This provides a simple and clear view of how the two sets differ, generally much
+// easier than scrutinizing printouts of the two sets.
+AuthorizationSetDifferences difference(string aName, const AuthorizationSet& a, string bName,
+                                       const AuthorizationSet& b) {
+    AuthorizationSetDifferences diffs = {std::move(aName), std::move(bName), {}, {}};
+    std::set_difference(a.begin(), a.end(), b.begin(), b.end(), std::back_inserter(diffs.aWhackB));
+    std::set_difference(b.begin(), b.end(), a.begin(), a.end(), std::back_inserter(diffs.bWhackA));
+    return diffs;
+}
+
+#define DIFFERENCE(a, b) difference(#a, a, #b, b)
+
+void check_root_of_trust(const RootOfTrust& root_of_trust) {
+    char vb_meta_device_state[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+    if (property_get("ro.boot.vbmeta.device_state", vb_meta_device_state, "") == 0) return;
+
+    char vb_meta_digest[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+    EXPECT_GT(property_get("ro.boot.vbmeta.digest", vb_meta_digest, ""), 0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(vb_meta_digest, bin2hex(root_of_trust.verified_boot_hash));
+
+    // Verified boot key should be all 0's if the boot state is not verified or self signed
+    HidlBuf empty_boot_key(string(32, '\0'));
+
+    char vb_meta_bootstate[PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX];
+    auto& verified_boot_key = root_of_trust.verified_boot_key;
+    auto& verified_boot_state = root_of_trust.verified_boot_state;
+    EXPECT_GT(property_get("ro.boot.verifiedbootstate", vb_meta_bootstate, ""), 0);
+    if (!strcmp(vb_meta_bootstate, "green")) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_state, V4_0::KM_VERIFIED_BOOT_VERIFIED);
+        EXPECT_NE(verified_boot_key, empty_boot_key);
+    } else if (!strcmp(vb_meta_bootstate, "yellow")) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_state, V4_0::KM_VERIFIED_BOOT_SELF_SIGNED);
+        EXPECT_NE(verified_boot_key, empty_boot_key);
+    } else if (!strcmp(vb_meta_bootstate, "orange")) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_state, V4_0::KM_VERIFIED_BOOT_UNVERIFIED);
+        EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_key, empty_boot_key);
+    } else if (!strcmp(vb_meta_bootstate, "red")) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_state, V4_0::KM_VERIFIED_BOOT_FAILED);
+    } else {
+        EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_state, V4_0::KM_VERIFIED_BOOT_UNVERIFIED);
+        EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_key, empty_boot_key);
+    }
+}
+
+void check_attestation_record(AttestationRecord attestation, const HidlBuf& challenge,
+                              AuthorizationSet expected_sw_enforced,
+                              AuthorizationSet expected_hw_enforced,
+                              SecurityLevel expected_security_level) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(41U, attestation.keymaster_version);
+    EXPECT_EQ(4U, attestation.attestation_version);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected_security_level, attestation.attestation_security_level);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected_security_level, attestation.keymaster_security_level);
+    EXPECT_EQ(challenge, attestation.attestation_challenge);
+
+    check_root_of_trust(attestation.root_of_trust);
+
+    // Sort all of the authorization lists, so that equality matching works.
+    expected_sw_enforced.Sort();
+    expected_hw_enforced.Sort();
+    attestation.software_enforced.Sort();
+    attestation.hardware_enforced.Sort();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected_sw_enforced, attestation.software_enforced)
+            << DIFFERENCE(expected_sw_enforced, attestation.software_enforced);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected_hw_enforced, attestation.hardware_enforced)
+            << DIFFERENCE(expected_hw_enforced, attestation.hardware_enforced);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+using std::string;
+using DeviceUniqueAttestationTest = Keymaster4_1HidlTest;
+
+TEST_P(DeviceUniqueAttestationTest, StrongBoxOnly) {
+    if (SecLevel() != SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, convert(GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                                         .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                                         .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
+                                                         .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
+                                                         .Padding(PaddingMode::RSA_PKCS1_1_5_SIGN)
+                                                         .Authorization(TAG_INCLUDE_UNIQUE_ID))));
+
+    hidl_vec<hidl_vec<uint8_t>> cert_chain;
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED,
+              convert(AttestKey(
+                      AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                              .Authorization(TAG_DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION)
+                              .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE, HidlBuf("challenge"))
+                              .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, HidlBuf("foo")),
+                      &cert_chain)));
+    CheckedDeleteKey();
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, convert(GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                                         .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                                         .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                                                         .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
+                                                         .Authorization(TAG_INCLUDE_UNIQUE_ID))));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNIMPLEMENTED,
+              convert(AttestKey(
+                      AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                              .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE, HidlBuf("challenge"))
+                              .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, HidlBuf("foo")),
+                      &cert_chain)));
+}
+
+TEST_P(DeviceUniqueAttestationTest, Rsa) {
+    if (SecLevel() != SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+              convert(GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                          .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                          .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
+                                          .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
+                                          .Padding(PaddingMode::RSA_PKCS1_1_5_SIGN)
+                                          .Authorization(TAG_CREATION_DATETIME, 1))));
+
+    hidl_vec<hidl_vec<uint8_t>> cert_chain;
+    HidlBuf challenge("challenge");
+    HidlBuf app_id("foo");
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+              convert(AttestKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                        .Authorization(TAG_DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION)
+                                        .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE, challenge)
+                                        .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, app_id),
+                                &cert_chain)));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(1U, cert_chain.size());
+    auto [err, attestation] = parse_attestation_record(cert_chain[0]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, err);
+
+    check_attestation_record(attestation, challenge,
+                             /* sw_enforced */
+                             AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_CREATION_DATETIME, 1)
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, app_id),
+                             /* hw_enforced */
+                             AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION)
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                     .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
+                                     .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
+                                     .Padding(PaddingMode::RSA_PKCS1_1_5_SIGN)
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_ORIGIN, KeyOrigin::GENERATED)
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_OS_VERSION, os_version())
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_OS_PATCHLEVEL, os_patch_level()),
+                             SecLevel());
+}
+
+TEST_P(DeviceUniqueAttestationTest, Ecdsa) {
+    if (SecLevel() != SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+              convert(GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                          .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                          .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
+                                          .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
+                                          .Authorization(TAG_CREATION_DATETIME, 1))));
+
+    hidl_vec<hidl_vec<uint8_t>> cert_chain;
+    HidlBuf challenge("challenge");
+    HidlBuf app_id("foo");
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+              convert(AttestKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                        .Authorization(TAG_DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION)
+                                        .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE, challenge)
+                                        .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, app_id),
+                                &cert_chain)));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(1U, cert_chain.size());
+    auto [err, attestation] = parse_attestation_record(cert_chain[0]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, err);
+
+    check_attestation_record(attestation, challenge,
+                             /* sw_enforced */
+                             AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_CREATION_DATETIME, 1)
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, app_id),
+                             /* hw_enforced */
+                             AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION)
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                     .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
+                                     .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_EC_CURVE, EcCurve::P_256)
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_ORIGIN, KeyOrigin::GENERATED)
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_OS_VERSION, os_version())
+                                     .Authorization(TAG_OS_PATCHLEVEL, os_patch_level()),
+                             SecLevel());
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_4_1_HIDL_TEST(DeviceUniqueAttestationTest);
+
+}  // namespace test
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/EarlyBootKeyTest.cpp b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/EarlyBootKeyTest.cpp
index 4a19010..a26c688 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/EarlyBootKeyTest.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/EarlyBootKeyTest.cpp
@@ -14,8 +14,78 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include "Keymaster4_1HidlTest.h"
+
+#include <keymasterV4_1/authorization_set.h>
+
 namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::test {
 
-// TODO(swillden): Put tests here.
+using std::string;
+
+using EarlyBootKeyTest = Keymaster4_1HidlTest;
+
+// Because VTS tests are run on fully-booted machines, we can only run negative tests for early boot
+// keys, which cannot be created or used after /data is mounted.  This is the only test we can run
+// in the normal case.  The positive test will have to be done by the Android system, when it
+// creates/uses early boot keys during boot.  It should fail to boot if the early boot key usage
+// fails.
+TEST_P(EarlyBootKeyTest, CannotCreateEarlyBootKeys) {
+    auto [aesKeyData, hmacKeyData, rsaKeyData, ecdsaKeyData] =
+            CreateTestKeys(TAG_EARLY_BOOT_ONLY, ErrorCode::EARLY_BOOT_ENDED);
+
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&aesKeyData);
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&hmacKeyData);
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&rsaKeyData);
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&ecdsaKeyData);
+}
+
+// This is a more comprenhensive test, but it can only be run on a machine which is still in early
+// boot stage, which no proper Android device is by the time we can run VTS.  To use this,
+// un-disable it and modify vold to remove the call to earlyBootEnded().  Running the test will end
+// early boot, so you'll have to reboot between runs.
+TEST_P(EarlyBootKeyTest, DISABLED_FullTest) {
+    // Should be able to create keys, since early boot has not ended
+    auto [aesKeyData, hmacKeyData, rsaKeyData, ecdsaKeyData] =
+            CreateTestKeys(TAG_EARLY_BOOT_ONLY, ErrorCode::OK);
+
+    // TAG_EARLY_BOOT_ONLY should be in hw-enforced.
+    EXPECT_TRUE(contains(aesKeyData.characteristics.hardwareEnforced, TAG_EARLY_BOOT_ONLY));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(contains(hmacKeyData.characteristics.hardwareEnforced, TAG_EARLY_BOOT_ONLY));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(contains(rsaKeyData.characteristics.hardwareEnforced, TAG_EARLY_BOOT_ONLY));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(contains(ecdsaKeyData.characteristics.hardwareEnforced, TAG_EARLY_BOOT_ONLY));
+
+    // Should be able to use keys, since early boot has not ended
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, UseAesKey(aesKeyData.blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, UseHmacKey(hmacKeyData.blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, UseRsaKey(rsaKeyData.blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, UseEcdsaKey(ecdsaKeyData.blob));
+
+    // End early boot
+    Return<ErrorCode> earlyBootResult = keymaster().earlyBootEnded();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(earlyBootResult.isOk());
+    EXPECT_EQ(earlyBootResult, ErrorCode::OK);
+
+    // Should not be able to use already-created keys.
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::EARLY_BOOT_ENDED, UseAesKey(aesKeyData.blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::EARLY_BOOT_ENDED, UseHmacKey(hmacKeyData.blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::EARLY_BOOT_ENDED, UseRsaKey(rsaKeyData.blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::EARLY_BOOT_ENDED, UseEcdsaKey(ecdsaKeyData.blob));
+
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&aesKeyData);
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&hmacKeyData);
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&rsaKeyData);
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&ecdsaKeyData);
+
+    // Should not be able to create new keys
+    std::tie(aesKeyData, hmacKeyData, rsaKeyData, ecdsaKeyData) =
+            CreateTestKeys(TAG_EARLY_BOOT_ONLY, ErrorCode::EARLY_BOOT_ENDED);
+
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&aesKeyData);
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&hmacKeyData);
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&rsaKeyData);
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&ecdsaKeyData);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_4_1_HIDL_TEST(EarlyBootKeyTest);
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::test
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Keymaster4_1HidlTest.cpp b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Keymaster4_1HidlTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..efedf28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Keymaster4_1HidlTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "Keymaster4_1HidlTest.h"
+
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::test {
+
+using std::string;
+
+void Keymaster4_1HidlTest::SetUp() {
+    keymaster41_ = IKeymasterDevice::getService(GetParam());
+    InitializeKeymaster(keymaster41_);
+}
+
+auto Keymaster4_1HidlTest::ProcessMessage(const HidlBuf& key_blob, KeyPurpose operation,
+                                          const string& message, const AuthorizationSet& in_params)
+        -> std::tuple<ErrorCode, string, AuthorizationSet /* out_params */> {
+    AuthorizationSet begin_out_params;
+    V4_0::ErrorCode result = Begin(operation, key_blob, in_params, &begin_out_params, &op_handle_);
+    AuthorizationSet out_params(std::move(begin_out_params));
+    if (result != V4_0::ErrorCode::OK) {
+        return {convert(result), {}, out_params};
+    }
+
+    string output;
+    size_t consumed = 0;
+    AuthorizationSet update_params;
+    AuthorizationSet update_out_params;
+    result = Update(op_handle_, update_params, message, &update_out_params, &output, &consumed);
+    out_params.push_back(update_out_params);
+    if (result != V4_0::ErrorCode::OK) {
+        return {convert(result), output, out_params};
+    }
+
+    string unused;
+    AuthorizationSet finish_params;
+    AuthorizationSet finish_out_params;
+    result = Finish(op_handle_, finish_params, message.substr(consumed), unused, &finish_out_params,
+                    &output);
+    op_handle_ = V4_0::test::kOpHandleSentinel;
+    out_params.push_back(finish_out_params);
+
+    return {convert(result), output, out_params};
+}
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::test
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Keymaster4_1HidlTest.h b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Keymaster4_1HidlTest.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6332c43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Keymaster4_1HidlTest.h
@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.1/IKeymasterDevice.h>
+
+#include <KeymasterHidlTest.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_1/authorization_set.h>
+
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::test {
+
+using V4_0::test::HidlBuf;
+
+class Keymaster4_1HidlTest : public V4_0::test::KeymasterHidlTest {
+  public:
+    using super = V4_0::test::KeymasterHidlTest;
+
+    ErrorCode convert(V4_0::ErrorCode error_code) { return static_cast<ErrorCode>(error_code); }
+
+    // These methods hide the base class versions.
+    void SetUp();
+    IKeymasterDevice& keymaster() { return *keymaster41_; };
+
+    struct KeyData {
+        HidlBuf blob;
+        KeyCharacteristics characteristics;
+    };
+
+    std::tuple<ErrorCode, KeyData> GenerateKeyData(const AuthorizationSet& keyDescription) {
+        KeyData keyData;
+        ErrorCode errorCode = convert(
+                super::GenerateKey(keyDescription, &keyData.blob, &keyData.characteristics));
+        return {errorCode, keyData};
+    }
+
+    void CheckedDeleteKeyData(KeyData* keyData) { CheckedDeleteKey(&keyData->blob); }
+
+    template <typename TagType>
+    std::tuple<KeyData /* aesKey */, KeyData /* hmacKey */, KeyData /* rsaKey */,
+               KeyData /* ecdsaKey */>
+    CreateTestKeys(TagType tagToTest, ErrorCode expectedReturn) {
+        ErrorCode errorCode;
+
+        /* AES */
+        KeyData aesKeyData;
+        std::tie(errorCode, aesKeyData) =
+                GenerateKeyData(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                        .AesEncryptionKey(128)
+                                        .Authorization(tagToTest)
+                                        .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
+                                        .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
+                                        .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED));
+        EXPECT_EQ(expectedReturn, errorCode);
+
+        /* HMAC */
+        KeyData hmacKeyData;
+        std::tie(errorCode, hmacKeyData) =
+                GenerateKeyData(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                        .HmacKey(128)
+                                        .Authorization(tagToTest)
+                                        .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
+                                        .Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)
+                                        .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED));
+        EXPECT_EQ(expectedReturn, errorCode);
+
+        /* RSA */
+        KeyData rsaKeyData;
+        std::tie(errorCode, rsaKeyData) =
+                GenerateKeyData(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                        .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
+                                        .Authorization(tagToTest)
+                                        .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                                        .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
+                                        .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED));
+        EXPECT_EQ(expectedReturn, errorCode);
+
+        /* ECDSA */
+        KeyData ecdsaKeyData;
+        std::tie(errorCode, ecdsaKeyData) =
+                GenerateKeyData(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                        .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
+                                        .Authorization(tagToTest)
+                                        .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
+                                        .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED));
+        EXPECT_EQ(expectedReturn, errorCode);
+
+        return {aesKeyData, hmacKeyData, rsaKeyData, ecdsaKeyData};
+    }
+
+    std::tuple<ErrorCode, std::string /* processedMessage */, AuthorizationSet /* out_params */>
+    ProcessMessage(const HidlBuf& key_blob, KeyPurpose operation, const std::string& message,
+                   const AuthorizationSet& in_params);
+
+    ErrorCode UseAesKey(const HidlBuf& aesKeyBlob) {
+        auto [result, ciphertext, out_params] = ProcessMessage(
+                aesKeyBlob, KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, "1234567890123456",
+                AuthorizationSetBuilder().BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB).Padding(PaddingMode::NONE));
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    ErrorCode UseHmacKey(const HidlBuf& hmacKeyBlob) {
+        auto [result, mac, out_params] =
+                ProcessMessage(hmacKeyBlob, KeyPurpose::SIGN, "1234567890123456",
+                               AuthorizationSetBuilder().Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, 128));
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    ErrorCode UseRsaKey(const HidlBuf& rsaKeyBlob) {
+        std::string message(2048 / 8, 'a');
+        auto [result, signature, out_params] = ProcessMessage(
+                rsaKeyBlob, KeyPurpose::SIGN, message,
+                AuthorizationSetBuilder().Digest(Digest::NONE).Padding(PaddingMode::NONE));
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    ErrorCode UseEcdsaKey(const HidlBuf& ecdsaKeyBlob) {
+        auto [result, signature, out_params] =
+                ProcessMessage(ecdsaKeyBlob, KeyPurpose::SIGN, "a",
+                               AuthorizationSetBuilder().Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256));
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    static std::vector<std::string> build_params() {
+        auto params = android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IKeymasterDevice::descriptor);
+        return params;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster41_;
+};
+
+template <typename TypedTag>
+bool contains(hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& set, TypedTag typedTag) {
+    return std::find_if(set.begin(), set.end(), [&](const KeyParameter& param) {
+               return param.tag == static_cast<V4_0::Tag>(typedTag);
+           }) != set.end();
+}
+
+#define INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_4_1_HIDL_TEST(name)                                     \
+    INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, name,                                       \
+                             testing::ValuesIn(Keymaster4_1HidlTest::build_params()), \
+                             android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString)
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::test
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/UnlockedDeviceRequiredTest.cpp b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/UnlockedDeviceRequiredTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..671bbbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/UnlockedDeviceRequiredTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "Keymaster4_1HidlTest.h"
+
+#include <keymasterV4_1/authorization_set.h>
+
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::test {
+
+using UnlockedDeviceRequiredTest = Keymaster4_1HidlTest;
+
+// This may be a problematic test.  It can't be run repeatedly without unlocking the device in
+// between runs... and on most test devices there are no enrolled credentials so it can't be
+// unlocked at all, meaning the only way to get the test to pass again on a properly-functioning
+// device is to reboot it.  For that reason, this is disabled by default.  It can be used as part of
+// a manual test process, which includes unlocking between runs, which is why it's included here.
+// Well, that and the fact that it's the only test we can do without also making calls into the
+// Gatekeeper HAL.  We haven't written any cross-HAL tests, and don't know what all of the
+// implications might be, so that may or may not be a solution.
+//
+// TODO(swillden): Use the Gatekeeper HAL to enroll some test credentials which we can verify to get
+// an unlock auth token.  If that works, enable the improved test.
+TEST_P(UnlockedDeviceRequiredTest, DISABLED_KeysBecomeUnusable) {
+    auto [aesKeyData, hmacKeyData, rsaKeyData, ecdsaKeyData] =
+            CreateTestKeys(TAG_UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED, ErrorCode::OK);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, UseAesKey(aesKeyData.blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, UseHmacKey(hmacKeyData.blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, UseRsaKey(rsaKeyData.blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, UseEcdsaKey(ecdsaKeyData.blob));
+
+    Return<ErrorCode> rc =
+            keymaster().deviceLocked(false /* passwordOnly */, {} /* verificationToken */);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(rc.isOk());
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, static_cast<ErrorCode>(rc));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::DEVICE_LOCKED, UseAesKey(aesKeyData.blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::DEVICE_LOCKED, UseHmacKey(hmacKeyData.blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::DEVICE_LOCKED, UseRsaKey(rsaKeyData.blob));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::DEVICE_LOCKED, UseEcdsaKey(ecdsaKeyData.blob));
+
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&aesKeyData);
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&hmacKeyData);
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&rsaKeyData);
+    CheckedDeleteKeyData(&ecdsaKeyData);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMASTER_4_1_HIDL_TEST(UnlockedDeviceRequiredTest);
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::test
diff --git a/keymaster/aidl/Android.bp b/keymaster/aidl/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2d73ead
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+aidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.keymaster",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "android/hardware/keymaster/*.aidl",
+    ],
+    stability: "vintf",
+    backend: {
+        java: {
+            platform_apis: true,
+        },
+        ndk: {
+            vndk: {
+                enabled: true,
+            },
+        },
+    },
+}
diff --git a/keymaster/aidl/android/hardware/keymaster/HardwareAuthToken.aidl b/keymaster/aidl/android/hardware/keymaster/HardwareAuthToken.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58602aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/aidl/android/hardware/keymaster/HardwareAuthToken.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.keymaster;
+
+import android.hardware.keymaster.Timestamp;
+import android.hardware.keymaster.HardwareAuthenticatorType;
+
+/**
+ * HardwareAuthToken is used to prove successful user authentication, to unlock the use of a key.
+ *
+ * HardwareAuthTokens are produced by other secure environment applications, notably GateKeeper and
+ * Fingerprint, in response to successful user authentication events.  These tokens are passed to
+ * begin(), update(), and finish() to prove that authentication occurred.  See those methods for
+ * more details.  It is up to the caller to determine which of the generated auth tokens is
+ * appropriate for a given key operation.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+parcelable HardwareAuthToken {
+
+    /**
+     * challenge is a value that's used to enable authentication tokens to authorize specific
+     * events.  The primary use case for challenge is to authorize an IKeymasterDevice cryptographic
+     * operation, for keys that require authentication per operation. See begin() for details.
+     */
+    long challenge;
+
+    /**
+     *  userId is the a "secure" user ID.  It is not related to any Android user ID or UID, but is
+     *  created in the Gatekeeper application in the secure environment.
+     */
+    long userId;
+
+    /**
+     *  authenticatorId is the a "secure" user ID.  It is not related to any Android user ID or UID,
+     *  but is created in an authentication application in the secure environment, such as the
+     *  Fingerprint application.
+     */
+    long authenticatorId;  // Secure authenticator ID.
+
+    /**
+     * authenticatorType describes the type of authentication that took place, e.g. password or
+     * fingerprint.
+     */
+    HardwareAuthenticatorType authenticatorType;
+
+    /**
+     * timestamp indicates when the user authentication took place, in milliseconds since some
+     * starting point (generally the most recent device boot) which all of the applications within
+     * one secure environment must agree upon.  This timestamp is used to determine whether or not
+     * the authentication occurred recently enough to unlock a key (see Tag::AUTH_TIMEOUT).
+     */
+    Timestamp timestamp;
+
+    /**
+     * MACs are computed with a backward-compatible method, used by Keymaster 3.0, Gatekeeper 1.0
+     * and Fingerprint 1.0, as well as pre-treble HALs.
+     *
+     * The MAC is Constants::AUTH_TOKEN_MAC_LENGTH bytes in length and is computed as follows:
+     *
+     *     HMAC_SHA256(
+     *         H, 0 || challenge || user_id || authenticator_id || authenticator_type || timestamp)
+     *
+     * where ``||'' represents concatenation, the leading zero is a single byte, and all integers
+     * are represented as unsigned values, the full width of the type.  The challenge, userId and
+     * authenticatorId values are in machine order, but authenticatorType and timestamp are in
+     * network order (big-endian).  This odd construction is compatible with the hw_auth_token_t
+     * structure,
+     *
+     * Note that mac is a vec rather than an array, not because it's actually variable-length but
+     * because it could be empty.  As documented in the IKeymasterDevice::begin,
+     * IKeymasterDevice::update and IKeymasterDevice::finish doc comments, an empty mac indicates
+     * that this auth token is empty.
+     */
+    byte[] mac;
+}
diff --git a/keymaster/aidl/android/hardware/keymaster/HardwareAuthenticatorType.aidl b/keymaster/aidl/android/hardware/keymaster/HardwareAuthenticatorType.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3141858
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/aidl/android/hardware/keymaster/HardwareAuthenticatorType.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.keymaster;
+
+/**
+ * Hardware authentication type, used by HardwareAuthTokens to specify the mechanism used to
+ * authentiate the user, and in KeyCharacteristics to specify the allowable mechanisms for
+ * authenticating to activate a key.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum HardwareAuthenticatorType {
+    NONE = 0,
+    PASSWORD = 1 << 0,
+    FINGERPRINT = 1 << 1,
+    // Additional entries must be powers of 2.
+    ANY = 0xFFFFFFFF,
+}
diff --git a/keymaster/aidl/android/hardware/keymaster/Timestamp.aidl b/keymaster/aidl/android/hardware/keymaster/Timestamp.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b2f108
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/aidl/android/hardware/keymaster/Timestamp.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.keymaster;
+
+@VintfStability
+parcelable Timestamp {
+    long milliSeconds;
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/Android.bp b/light/aidl/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..916a857
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+aidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.light",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "android/hardware/light/*.aidl",
+    ],
+    stability: "vintf",
+    backend: {
+        java: {
+            platform_apis: true,
+        },
+        ndk: {
+            vndk: {
+                enabled: true,
+            },
+        },
+    },
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/BrightnessMode.aidl b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/BrightnessMode.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc29699
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/BrightnessMode.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.hardware.light;
+
+@VintfStability
+enum BrightnessMode {
+    /**
+     * Light brightness is managed by a user setting.
+     */
+    USER = 0,
+
+    /**
+     * Light brightness is managed by a light sensor. This is typically used
+     * to control the display backlight, but not limited to it. HALs and
+     * hardware implementations are free to support sensor for other lights or
+     * none whatsoever.
+     */
+    SENSOR = 1,
+
+    /**
+     * Use a low-persistence mode for display backlights, where the pixel
+     * color transition times are lowered.
+     *
+     * When set, the device driver must switch to a mode optimized for low display
+     * persistence that is intended to be used when the device is being treated as a
+     * head mounted display (HMD). The actual display brightness in this mode is
+     * implementation dependent, and any value set for color in LightState may be
+     * overridden by the HAL implementation.
+     *
+     * For an optimal HMD viewing experience, the display must meet the following
+     * criteria in this mode:
+     * - Gray-to-Gray, White-to-Black, and Black-to-White switching time must be ≤ 3 ms.
+     * - The display must support low-persistence with ≤ 3.5 ms persistence.
+     *   Persistence is defined as the amount of time for which a pixel is
+     *   emitting light for a single frame.
+     * - Any "smart panel" or other frame buffering options that increase display
+     *   latency are disabled.
+     * - Display brightness is set so that the display is still visible to the user
+     *   under normal indoor lighting.
+     * - The display must update at 60 Hz at least, but higher refresh rates are
+     *   recommended for low latency.
+     *
+     */
+    LOW_PERSISTENCE = 2,
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/FlashMode.aidl b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/FlashMode.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00c6b6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/FlashMode.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.hardware.light;
+
+@VintfStability
+enum FlashMode {
+    /**
+     * Keep the light steady on or off.
+     */
+    NONE = 0,
+    /**
+     * Flash the light at specified rate, potentially using a software-based
+     * implementation.
+     */
+    TIMED = 1,
+    /**
+     * Flash the light using hardware flashing support. This may or may not
+     * support a user-defined flashing rate or other features.
+     */
+    HARDWARE = 2,
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/HwLight.aidl b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/HwLight.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43fdb4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/HwLight.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.light;
+
+import android.hardware.light.LightType;
+
+/**
+ * A description of a single light. Multiple lights can map to the same physical
+ * LED. Separate physical LEDs are always represented by separate instances.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+parcelable HwLight {
+    /**
+     * Integer ID used for controlling this light
+     */
+    int id;
+
+    /**
+     * For a group of lights of the same logical type, sorting by ordinal should
+     * be give their physical order. No other meaning is carried by it.
+     */
+    int ordinal;
+
+    /**
+     * Logical type use of this light.
+     */
+    LightType type;
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/HwLightState.aidl b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/HwLightState.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24d3250
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/HwLightState.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.light;
+
+import android.hardware.light.BrightnessMode;
+import android.hardware.light.FlashMode;
+
+/**
+ * The parameters that can be set for a given light.
+ *
+ * Not all lights must support all parameters. If you
+ * can do something backward-compatible, do it.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+parcelable HwLightState {
+    /**
+     * The color of the LED in ARGB.
+     *
+     * The implementation of this in the HAL and hardware is a best-effort one.
+     *   - If a light can only do red or green and blue is requested, green
+     *     should be shown.
+     *   - If only a brightness ramp is supported, then this formula applies:
+     *      unsigned char brightness = ((77*((color>>16)&0x00ff))
+     *              + (150*((color>>8)&0x00ff)) + (29*(color&0x00ff))) >> 8;
+     *   - If only on and off are supported, 0 is off, anything else is on.
+     *
+     * The high byte should be ignored. Callers should set it to 0xff (which
+     * would correspond to 255 alpha).
+     */
+    int color;
+
+    /**
+     * To flash the light at a given rate, set flashMode to FLASH_TIMED.
+     */
+    FlashMode flashMode;
+
+    /**
+     * flashOnMs should be set to the number of milliseconds to turn the
+     * light on, before it's turned off.
+     */
+    int flashOnMs;
+
+    /**
+     * flashOfMs should be set to the number of milliseconds to turn the
+     * light off, before it's turned back on.
+     */
+    int flashOffMs;
+
+    BrightnessMode brightnessMode;
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/ILights.aidl b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/ILights.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2253f73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/ILights.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.light;
+
+import android.hardware.light.HwLightState;
+import android.hardware.light.HwLight;
+
+/**
+ * Allows controlling logical lights/indicators, mapped to LEDs in a
+ * hardware-specific manner by the HAL implementation.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+interface ILights {
+    /**
+     * Set light identified by id to the provided state.
+     *
+     * If control over an invalid light is requested, this method exists with
+     * EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION. Control over supported lights is done on a
+     * device-specific best-effort basis and unsupported sub-features will not
+     * be reported.
+     *
+     * @param id ID of logical light to set as returned by getLights()
+     * @param state describes what the light should look like.
+     */
+    void setLightState(in int id, in HwLightState state);
+
+    /**
+     * Discover what lights are supported by the HAL implementation.
+     *
+     * @return List of available lights
+     */
+    HwLight[] getLights();
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/LightType.aidl b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/LightType.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a7f656
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/LightType.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.hardware.light;
+
+/**
+ * These light IDs correspond to logical lights, not physical.
+ * So for example, if your INDICATOR light is in line with your
+ * BUTTONS, it might make sense to also light the INDICATOR
+ * light to a reasonable color when the BUTTONS are lit.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+enum LightType {
+    BACKLIGHT = 0,
+    KEYBOARD = 1,
+    BUTTONS = 2,
+    BATTERY = 3,
+    NOTIFICATIONS = 4,
+    ATTENTION = 5,
+    BLUETOOTH = 6,
+    WIFI = 7,
+    MICROPHONE = 8,
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/default/Android.bp b/light/aidl/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae3f463
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.lights-service.example",
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    init_rc: ["lights-default.rc"],
+    vintf_fragments: ["lights-default.xml"],
+    vendor: true,
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "android.hardware.light-ndk_platform",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "Lights.cpp",
+        "main.cpp",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/default/Lights.cpp b/light/aidl/default/Lights.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74747d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/default/Lights.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "Lights.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+namespace aidl {
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace light {
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Lights::setLightState(int id, const HwLightState& state) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Lights setting state for id=" << id << " to color " << std::hex << state.color;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Lights::getLights(std::vector<HwLight>* /*lights*/) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Lights reporting supported lights";
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+}  // namespace light
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/light/aidl/default/Lights.h b/light/aidl/default/Lights.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8cba5a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/default/Lights.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/light/BnLights.h>
+
+namespace aidl {
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace light {
+
+// Default implementation that reports no supported lights.
+class Lights : public BnLights {
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setLightState(int id, const HwLightState& state) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getLights(std::vector<HwLight>* types) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace light
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/light/aidl/default/lights-default.rc b/light/aidl/default/lights-default.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..687ec97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/default/lights-default.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+service vendor.light-default /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.lights-service.example
+    class hal
+    user nobody
+    group nobody
+    shutdown critical
diff --git a/light/aidl/default/lights-default.xml b/light/aidl/default/lights-default.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db604d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/default/lights-default.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<manifest version="1.0" type="device">
+    <hal format="aidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.light</name>
+        <fqname>ILights/default</fqname>
+    </hal>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/light/aidl/default/main.cpp b/light/aidl/default/main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a860bf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/default/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "Lights.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::light::Lights;
+
+int main() {
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(0);
+    std::shared_ptr<Lights> lights = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<Lights>();
+
+    const std::string instance = std::string() + Lights::descriptor + "/default";
+    binder_status_t status = AServiceManager_addService(lights->asBinder().get(), instance.c_str());
+    CHECK(status == STATUS_OK);
+
+    ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;  // should not reached
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp b/light/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3dd8cf6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalLightTargetTest",
+    defaults: [
+        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
+        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "VtsHalLightTargetTest.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.light-cpp",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalLightTargetTest.cpp b/light/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalLightTargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c26278
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalLightTargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "light_aidl_hal_test"
+
+#include <aidl/Gtest.h>
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/hardware/light/ILights.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <set>
+
+using android::ProcessState;
+using android::sp;
+using android::String16;
+using android::binder::Status;
+using android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using android::hardware::Return;
+using android::hardware::Void;
+using android::hardware::light::BrightnessMode;
+using android::hardware::light::FlashMode;
+using android::hardware::light::HwLight;
+using android::hardware::light::HwLightState;
+using android::hardware::light::ILights;
+using android::hardware::light::LightType;
+
+#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+
+const std::set<LightType> kAllTypes{android::enum_range<LightType>().begin(),
+                                    android::enum_range<LightType>().end()};
+
+class LightsAidl : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        lights = android::waitForDeclaredService<ILights>(String16(GetParam().c_str()));
+        ASSERT_NE(lights, nullptr);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(lights->getLights(&supportedLights).isOk());
+    }
+
+    sp<ILights> lights;
+    std::vector<HwLight> supportedLights;
+
+    virtual void TearDown() override {
+        for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+            HwLightState off;
+            off.color = 0x00000000;
+            off.flashMode = FlashMode::NONE;
+            off.brightnessMode = BrightnessMode::USER;
+            EXPECT_TRUE(lights->setLightState(light.id, off).isOk());
+        }
+
+        // must leave the device in a useable condition
+        for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+            if (light.type == LightType::BACKLIGHT) {
+                HwLightState backlightOn;
+                backlightOn.color = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+                backlightOn.flashMode = FlashMode::TIMED;
+                backlightOn.brightnessMode = BrightnessMode::USER;
+                EXPECT_TRUE(lights->setLightState(light.id, backlightOn).isOk());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Ensure all reported lights actually work.
+ */
+TEST_P(LightsAidl, TestSupported) {
+    HwLightState whiteFlashing;
+    whiteFlashing.color = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+    whiteFlashing.flashMode = FlashMode::TIMED;
+    whiteFlashing.flashOnMs = 100;
+    whiteFlashing.flashOffMs = 50;
+    whiteFlashing.brightnessMode = BrightnessMode::USER;
+    for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(lights->setLightState(light.id, whiteFlashing).isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure all reported lights have one of the supported types.
+ */
+TEST_P(LightsAidl, TestSupportedLightTypes) {
+    for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(kAllTypes.find(light.type) != kAllTypes.end());
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure all lights have a unique id.
+ */
+TEST_P(LightsAidl, TestUniqueIds) {
+    std::set<int> ids;
+    for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ids.find(light.id) == ids.end());
+        ids.insert(light.id);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure all lights have a unique ordinal for a given type.
+ */
+TEST_P(LightsAidl, TestUniqueOrdinalsForType) {
+    std::map<int, std::set<int>> ordinalsByType;
+    for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+        auto& ordinals = ordinalsByType[(int)light.type];
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ordinals.find(light.ordinal) == ordinals.end());
+        ordinals.insert(light.ordinal);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION is returned if LOW_PERSISTENCE is not supported.
+ */
+TEST_P(LightsAidl, TestLowPersistence) {
+    HwLightState lowPersistence;
+    lowPersistence.color = 0xFF123456;
+    lowPersistence.flashMode = FlashMode::TIMED;
+    lowPersistence.flashOnMs = 100;
+    lowPersistence.flashOffMs = 50;
+    lowPersistence.brightnessMode = BrightnessMode::LOW_PERSISTENCE;
+    for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+        Status status = lights->setLightState(light.id, lowPersistence);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk() || Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION == status.exceptionCode());
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION is returns for an invalid light id.
+ */
+TEST_P(LightsAidl, TestInvalidLightIdUnsupported) {
+    int maxId = INT_MIN;
+    for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+        maxId = std::max(maxId, light.id);
+    }
+
+    Status status = lights->setLightState(maxId + 1, HwLightState());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(status.exceptionCode() == Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Lights, LightsAidl,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(ILights::descriptor)),
+                         android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    ProcessState::self()->setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(1);
+    ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool();
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/light/utils/Android.bp b/light/utils/Android.bp
index 4c287e4..e901129 100644
--- a/light/utils/Android.bp
+++ b/light/utils/Android.bp
@@ -23,7 +23,11 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.light@2.0",
         "libbase",
+        "libbinder",
         "libhidlbase",
         "libutils",
     ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.light-cpp",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/light/utils/main.cpp b/light/utils/main.cpp
index b834132..b9b6489 100644
--- a/light/utils/main.cpp
+++ b/light/utils/main.cpp
@@ -19,34 +19,23 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/hardware/light/2.0/ILight.h>
+#include <android/hardware/light/ILights.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+
+using android::sp;
+using android::waitForVintfService;
+using android::binder::Status;
+using android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+
+namespace V2_0 = android::hardware::light::V2_0;
+namespace aidl = android::hardware::light;
 
 void error(const std::string& msg) {
     LOG(ERROR) << msg;
     std::cerr << msg << std::endl;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
-    using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
-    using ::android::hardware::light::V2_0::Brightness;
-    using ::android::hardware::light::V2_0::Flash;
-    using ::android::hardware::light::V2_0::ILight;
-    using ::android::hardware::light::V2_0::LightState;
-    using ::android::hardware::light::V2_0::Status;
-    using ::android::hardware::light::V2_0::Type;
-    using ::android::sp;
-
-    sp<ILight> service = ILight::getService();
-    if (service == nullptr) {
-        error("Could not retrieve light service.");
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    static LightState off = {
-            .color = 0u,
-            .flashMode = Flash::NONE,
-            .brightnessMode = Brightness::USER,
-    };
-
+int parseArgs(int argc, char* argv[], unsigned int* color) {
     if (argc > 2) {
         error("Usage: blank_screen [color]");
         return -1;
@@ -54,25 +43,78 @@
 
     if (argc > 1) {
         char* col_ptr;
-        unsigned int col_new;
 
-        col_new = strtoul(argv[1], &col_ptr, 0);
+        *color = strtoul(argv[1], &col_ptr, 0);
         if (*col_ptr != '\0') {
             error("Failed to convert " + std::string(argv[1]) + " to number");
             return -1;
         }
-        off.color = col_new;
+
+        return 0;
     }
 
-    service->getSupportedTypes([&](const hidl_vec<Type>& types) {
-        for (Type type : types) {
-            Status ret = service->setLight(type, off);
-            if (ret != Status::SUCCESS) {
-                error("Failed to shut off screen for type " +
+    *color = 0u;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void setToColorAidl(sp<aidl::ILights> hal, unsigned int color) {
+    static aidl::HwLightState off;
+    off.color = color;
+    off.flashMode = aidl::FlashMode::NONE;
+    off.brightnessMode = aidl::BrightnessMode::USER;
+
+    std::vector<aidl::HwLight> lights;
+    Status status = hal->getLights(&lights);
+    if (!status.isOk()) {
+        error("Failed to list lights");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (auto light : lights) {
+        Status setStatus = hal->setLightState(light.id, off);
+        if (!setStatus.isOk()) {
+            error("Failed to shut off light id " + std::to_string(light.id));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void setToColorHidl(sp<V2_0::ILight> hal, unsigned int color) {
+    static V2_0::LightState off = {
+            .color = color,
+            .flashMode = V2_0::Flash::NONE,
+            .brightnessMode = V2_0::Brightness::USER,
+    };
+
+    hal->getSupportedTypes([&](const hidl_vec<V2_0::Type>& types) {
+        for (auto type : types) {
+            V2_0::Status ret = hal->setLight(type, off);
+            if (ret != V2_0::Status::SUCCESS) {
+                error("Failed to shut off light for type " +
                       std::to_string(static_cast<int>(type)));
             }
         }
     });
+}
 
-    return 0;
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+    unsigned int inputColor;
+    int result = parseArgs(argc, argv, &inputColor);
+    if (result != 0) {
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    auto aidlHal = waitForVintfService<aidl::ILights>();
+    if (aidlHal != nullptr) {
+        setToColorAidl(aidlHal, inputColor);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    sp<V2_0::ILight> hidlHal = V2_0::ILight::getService();
+    if (hidlHal != nullptr) {
+        setToColorHidl(hidlHal, inputColor);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    error("Could not retrieve light service.");
+    return -1;
 }
diff --git a/prebuilt_hashes/Android.bp b/media/Android.bp
similarity index 65%
copy from prebuilt_hashes/Android.bp
copy to media/Android.bp
index 4692b76..267c02b 100644
--- a/prebuilt_hashes/Android.bp
+++ b/media/Android.bp
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-// Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -11,20 +12,16 @@
 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
+//
 
-python_binary_host {
-    name: "dump_hals_for_release",
+filegroup {
+    name: "media_omx_audio_res",
+    path: "res",
+    srcs: ["res/*hz*"],
+}
 
-    srcs: [
-        "dump_hals_for_release.py",
-    ],
-
-    version: {
-        py2: {
-            enabled: true,
-        },
-        py3: {
-            enabled: false,
-        },
-    },
+filegroup {
+    name: "media_omx_video_res",
+    path: "res",
+    srcs: ["res/*fps*"],
 }
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/README.md b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/README.md
index acffc42..c5a6867 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/README.md
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/README.md
@@ -6,29 +6,27 @@
 #### master :
 Functionality of master is to enumerate all the omx components (and the roles it supports) available in android media framework.
 
-usage: VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetMasterTest -I default
+usage: atest VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetMasterTest
 
 #### component :
 This folder includes test fixtures that tests aspects common to all omx compatible components. For instance, port enabling/disabling, enumerating port formats, state transitions, flush, ..., stay common to all components irrespective of the service they offer. Test fixtures here are directed towards testing these (omx core). Every standard OMX compatible component is expected to pass these tests.
 
-usage: VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetComponentTest -I default -C <comp name> -R <comp role>
+usage: atest VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetComponentTest
 
 #### audio :
 This folder includes test fixtures associated with testing audio encoder and decoder components such as simple encoding of a raw clip or decoding of an elementary stream, end of stream test, timestamp deviations test, flush test and so on. These tests are aimed towards testing the plugin that connects the component to the omx core.
 
 usage:
 
-VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetAudioDecTest -I default -C <comp name> -R audio_decoder.<comp class> -P /sdcard/media/
+atest VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetAudioDecTest
 
-VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetAudioEncTest -I default -C <comp name> -R audio_encoder.<comp class> -P /sdcard/media/
+atest VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetAudioEncTest
 
 #### video :
 This folder includes test fixtures associated with testing video encoder and decoder components such as simple encoding of a raw clip or decoding of an elementary stream, end of stream test, timestamp deviations test, flush test and so on. These tests are aimed towards testing the plugin that connects the component to the omx core.
 
 usage:
 
-VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetVideoDecTest -I default -C <comp name> -R video_decoder.<comp class> -P /sdcard/media/
+atest VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetVideoDecTest
 
-VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetVideoEncTest -I default -C <comp name> -R video_encoder.<comp class> -P /sdcard/media/
-
-While tesing audio/video encoder, decoder components, test fixtures require input files. These input are files are present in the folder 'res'. Before running the tests all the files in 'res' have to be placed in '/media/sdcard/' or a path of your choice and this path needs to be provided as an argument to the test application
\ No newline at end of file
+atest VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetVideoEncTest
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/Android.bp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/Android.bp
index 7418bb4..532521e 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/Android.bp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/Android.bp
@@ -16,22 +16,30 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioEncTest",
+    stem: "vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_audio_enc_test",
     defaults: ["VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0Defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioEncTest.cpp",
-        "media_audio_hidl_test_common.cpp"
+        "media_audio_hidl_test_common.cpp",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    data: [":media_omx_audio_res"],
+    test_config: "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioEncTest.xml",
+    test_suites: [
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioDecTest",
+    stem: "vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_audio_dec_test",
     defaults: ["VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0Defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioDecTest.cpp",
-        "media_audio_hidl_test_common.cpp"
+        "media_audio_hidl_test_common.cpp",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    data: [":media_omx_audio_res"],
+    test_config: "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioDecTest.xml",
+    test_suites: [
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
-
-
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioDecTest.cpp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioDecTest.cpp
index 4543c01..3ed5670 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioDecTest.cpp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioDecTest.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMapper.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::IOmx;
 using ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::IOmxObserver;
@@ -44,48 +46,45 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
 #include <media_audio_hidl_test_common.h>
-#include <media_hidl_test_common.h>
 #include <fstream>
 
-static ComponentTestEnvironment* gEnv = nullptr;
+// Resource directory
+std::string sResourceDir = "";
 
 // audio decoder test fixture class
-class AudioDecHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   private:
-    typedef ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase Super;
-   public:
-    ::std::string getTestCaseInfo() const override {
-        return ::std::string() +
-                "Component: " + gEnv->getComponent().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Role: " + gEnv->getRole().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Instance: " + gEnv->getInstance().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Res: " + gEnv->getRes().c_str();
+class AudioDecHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string>> {
+  public:
+    ::std::string getTestCaseInfo() const {
+        return ::std::string() + "Component: " + component_ + " | " + "Role: " + role_ + " | " +
+               "Instance: " + instance_ + " | " + "Res: " + sResourceDir;
     }
 
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        Super::SetUp();
+        instance_ = std::get<0>(GetParam());
+        component_ = std::get<1>(GetParam());
+        role_ = std::get<2>(GetParam());
+        ASSERT_NE(sResourceDir.empty(), true);
+
         disableTest = false;
         android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
-        omx = Super::getService<IOmx>(gEnv->getInstance());
+        omx = IOmx::getService(instance_);
         ASSERT_NE(omx, nullptr);
         observer =
             new CodecObserver([this](Message msg, const BufferInfo* buffer) {
                 handleMessage(msg, buffer);
             });
         ASSERT_NE(observer, nullptr);
-        if (strncmp(gEnv->getComponent().c_str(), "OMX.", 4) != 0)
-            disableTest = true;
-        EXPECT_TRUE(omx->allocateNode(
-                           gEnv->getComponent(), observer,
-                           [&](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
-                               sp<IOmxNode> const& _nl) {
-                               status = _s;
-                               this->omxNode = _nl;
-                           })
-                        .isOk());
+        if (component_.find("OMX.") != 0) disableTest = true;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(omx->allocateNode(component_, observer,
+                                      [&](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
+                                          sp<IOmxNode> const& _nl) {
+                                          status = _s;
+                                          this->omxNode = _nl;
+                                      })
+                            .isOk());
         if (status == android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
             disableTest = true;
             std::cout << "[   WARN   ] Test Disabled, component not present\n";
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@
         }
         ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
         ASSERT_NE(omxNode, nullptr);
-        ASSERT_NE(gEnv->getRole().empty(), true) << "Invalid Component Role";
+        ASSERT_NE(role_.empty(), true) << "Invalid Component Role";
         struct StringToName {
             const char* Name;
             standardComp CompName;
@@ -108,7 +107,7 @@
             sizeof(kStringToName) / sizeof(kStringToName[0]);
         const char* pch;
         char substring[OMX_MAX_STRINGNAME_SIZE];
-        strcpy(substring, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+        strcpy(substring, role_.c_str());
         pch = strchr(substring, '.');
         ASSERT_NE(pch, nullptr);
         compName = unknown_comp;
@@ -153,11 +152,8 @@
         timestampDevTest = false;
         isSecure = false;
         size_t suffixLen = strlen(".secure");
-        if (strlen(gEnv->getComponent().c_str()) >= suffixLen) {
-            isSecure =
-                !strcmp(gEnv->getComponent().c_str() +
-                            strlen(gEnv->getComponent().c_str()) - suffixLen,
-                        ".secure");
+        if (component_.rfind(".secure") == component_.length() - suffixLen) {
+            isSecure = true;
         }
         if (isSecure) disableTest = true;
         if (disableTest) std::cout << "[   WARN   ] Test Disabled \n";
@@ -172,7 +168,6 @@
             EXPECT_TRUE((omxNode->freeNode()).isOk());
             omxNode = nullptr;
         }
-        Super::TearDown();
     }
 
     // callback function to process messages received by onMessages() from IL
@@ -249,6 +244,10 @@
         unknown_comp,
     };
 
+    std::string component_;
+    std::string role_;
+    std::string instance_;
+
     sp<IOmx> omx;
     sp<CodecObserver> observer;
     sp<IOmxNode> omxNode;
@@ -656,21 +655,21 @@
 }
 
 // set component role
-TEST_F(AudioDecHidlTest, SetRole) {
+TEST_P(AudioDecHidlTest, SetRole) {
     description("Test Set Component Role");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
 }
 
 // port format enumeration
-TEST_F(AudioDecHidlTest, EnumeratePortFormat) {
+TEST_P(AudioDecHidlTest, EnumeratePortFormat) {
     description("Test Component on Mandatory Port Parameters (Port Format)");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamAudioInit, &params);
@@ -687,12 +686,12 @@
 
 // test port settings reconfiguration, elementary stream decode and timestamp
 // deviation
-TEST_F(AudioDecHidlTest, DecodeTest) {
+TEST_P(AudioDecHidlTest, DecodeTest) {
     description("Tests Port Reconfiguration, Decode and timestamp deviation");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamAudioInit, &params);
@@ -702,8 +701,8 @@
         kPortIndexOutput = kPortIndexInput + 1;
     }
     char mURL[512], info[512];
-    strcpy(mURL, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
-    strcpy(info, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
+    strcpy(mURL, sResourceDir.c_str());
+    strcpy(info, sResourceDir.c_str());
     GetURLForComponent(compName, mURL, info);
 
     std::ifstream eleStream, eleInfo;
@@ -776,12 +775,12 @@
 }
 
 // end of sequence test
-TEST_F(AudioDecHidlTest, EOSTest_M) {
+TEST_P(AudioDecHidlTest, EOSTest_M) {
     description("Test end of stream monkeying");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamAudioInit, &params);
@@ -840,12 +839,12 @@
 }
 
 // end of sequence test
-TEST_F(AudioDecHidlTest, ThumbnailTest) {
+TEST_P(AudioDecHidlTest, ThumbnailTest) {
     description("Test Request for thumbnail");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamAudioInit, &params);
@@ -855,8 +854,8 @@
         kPortIndexOutput = kPortIndexInput + 1;
     }
     char mURL[512], info[512];
-    strcpy(mURL, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
-    strcpy(info, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
+    strcpy(mURL, sResourceDir.c_str());
+    strcpy(info, sResourceDir.c_str());
     GetURLForComponent(compName, mURL, info);
 
     std::ifstream eleStream, eleInfo;
@@ -954,12 +953,12 @@
 }
 
 // end of sequence test
-TEST_F(AudioDecHidlTest, SimpleEOSTest) {
+TEST_P(AudioDecHidlTest, SimpleEOSTest) {
     description("Test end of stream");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamAudioInit, &params);
@@ -969,8 +968,8 @@
         kPortIndexOutput = kPortIndexInput + 1;
     }
     char mURL[512], info[512];
-    strcpy(mURL, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
-    strcpy(info, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
+    strcpy(mURL, sResourceDir.c_str());
+    strcpy(info, sResourceDir.c_str());
     GetURLForComponent(compName, mURL, info);
 
     std::ifstream eleStream, eleInfo;
@@ -1046,12 +1045,12 @@
 }
 
 // test input/output port flush
-TEST_F(AudioDecHidlTest, FlushTest) {
+TEST_P(AudioDecHidlTest, FlushTest) {
     description("Test Flush");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamAudioInit, &params);
@@ -1061,8 +1060,8 @@
         kPortIndexOutput = kPortIndexInput + 1;
     }
     char mURL[512], info[512];
-    strcpy(mURL, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
-    strcpy(info, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
+    strcpy(mURL, sResourceDir.c_str());
+    strcpy(info, sResourceDir.c_str());
     GetURLForComponent(compName, mURL, info);
 
     std::ifstream eleStream, eleInfo;
@@ -1153,15 +1152,21 @@
                                                     kPortIndexOutput));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, AudioDecHidlTest, testing::ValuesIn(kTestParameters),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    gEnv = new ComponentTestEnvironment();
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(gEnv);
+    kTestParameters = getTestParameters("audio_decoder");
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    gEnv->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = gEnv->initFromOptions(argc, argv);
-    if (status == 0) {
-        status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-        ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
+
+    // Set the resource directory based on command line args.
+    // Test will fail to set up if the argument is not set.
+    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+        if (strcmp(argv[i], "-P") == 0 && i < argc - 1) {
+            sResourceDir = argv[i + 1];
+            break;
+        }
     }
-    return status;
-}
+
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioDecTest.xml b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioDecTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..275fefe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioDecTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the"License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an"AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioDecTest.">
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_audio_dec_test" value="/data/local/tmp/vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_audio_dec_test" />
+
+        <!-- Files used for audio testing -->
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_aac_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.aac" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_aac_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.aac" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_aac_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_aac_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_amrwb_1ch_14kbps_16000hz.amrwb" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_amrwb_1ch_14kbps_16000hz.amrwb" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_amrwb_1ch_14kbps_16000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_amrwb_1ch_14kbps_16000hz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_flac_stereo_680kbps_48000hz.flac" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_flac_stereo_680kbps_48000hz.flac" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_flac_stereo_680kbps_48000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_flac_stereo_680kbps_48000hz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_g711alaw_1ch_8khz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_g711alaw_1ch_8khz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_g711alaw_1ch_8khz.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_g711alaw_1ch_8khz.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_g711mulaw_1ch_8khz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_g711mulaw_1ch_8khz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_g711mulaw_1ch_8khz.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_g711mulaw_1ch_8khz.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_gsm_1ch_8khz_13kbps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_gsm_1ch_8khz_13kbps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_gsm_1ch_8khz_13kbps.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_gsm_1ch_8khz_13kbps.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mp3_stereo_192kbps_48000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mp3_stereo_192kbps_48000hz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mp3_stereo_192kbps_48000hz.mp3" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mp3_stereo_192kbps_48000hz.mp3" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_opus_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_opus_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_opus_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.opus" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_opus_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.opus" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_raw_1ch_16khz_s16le.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_raw_1ch_16khz_s16le.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_raw_1ch_8khz_s16le.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_raw_1ch_8khz_s16le.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_raw_1ch_8khz_s32le.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_raw_1ch_8khz_s32le.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_raw_1ch_8khz_s32le.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_raw_1ch_8khz_s32le.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_raw_2ch_48khz_s16le.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_raw_2ch_48khz_s16le.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vorbis_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vorbis_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vorbis_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.vorbis" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vorbis_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.vorbis" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="sine_amrnb_1ch_12kbps_8000hz.amrnb" value="/data/local/tmp/media/sine_amrnb_1ch_12kbps_8000hz.amrnb" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="sine_amrnb_1ch_12kbps_8000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/sine_amrnb_1ch_12kbps_8000hz.info" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_audio_dec_test" />
+        <option name="native-test-flag" value="-P /data/local/tmp/media/" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioEncTest.cpp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioEncTest.cpp
index 0ebab88..32e6f4c 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioEncTest.cpp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioEncTest.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMapper.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::IOmx;
 using ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::IOmxObserver;
@@ -44,48 +46,45 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
 #include <media_audio_hidl_test_common.h>
-#include <media_hidl_test_common.h>
 #include <fstream>
 
-static ComponentTestEnvironment* gEnv = nullptr;
+// Resource directory
+std::string sResourceDir = "";
 
 // audio encoder test fixture class
-class AudioEncHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   private:
-    typedef ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase Super;
-   public:
-    ::std::string getTestCaseInfo() const override {
-        return ::std::string() +
-                "Component: " + gEnv->getComponent().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Role: " + gEnv->getRole().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Instance: " + gEnv->getInstance().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Res: " + gEnv->getRes().c_str();
+class AudioEncHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string>> {
+  public:
+    ::std::string getTestCaseInfo() const {
+        return ::std::string() + "Component: " + component_ + " | " + "Role: " + role_ + " | " +
+               "Instance: " + instance_ + " | " + "Res: " + sResourceDir;
     }
 
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        Super::SetUp();
+        instance_ = std::get<0>(GetParam());
+        component_ = std::get<1>(GetParam());
+        role_ = std::get<2>(GetParam());
+        ASSERT_NE(sResourceDir.empty(), true);
+
         disableTest = false;
         android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
-        omx = Super::getService<IOmx>(gEnv->getInstance());
+        omx = IOmx::getService(instance_);
         ASSERT_NE(omx, nullptr);
         observer =
             new CodecObserver([this](Message msg, const BufferInfo* buffer) {
                 handleMessage(msg, buffer);
             });
         ASSERT_NE(observer, nullptr);
-        if (strncmp(gEnv->getComponent().c_str(), "OMX.", 4) != 0)
-            disableTest = true;
-        EXPECT_TRUE(omx->allocateNode(
-                           gEnv->getComponent(), observer,
-                           [&](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
-                               sp<IOmxNode> const& _nl) {
-                               status = _s;
-                               this->omxNode = _nl;
-                           })
-                        .isOk());
+        if (component_.find("OMX.") != 0) disableTest = true;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(omx->allocateNode(component_, observer,
+                                      [&](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
+                                          sp<IOmxNode> const& _nl) {
+                                          status = _s;
+                                          this->omxNode = _nl;
+                                      })
+                            .isOk());
         if (status == android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
             disableTest = true;
             std::cout << "[   WARN   ] Test Disabled, component not present\n";
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@
         }
         ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
         ASSERT_NE(omxNode, nullptr);
-        ASSERT_NE(gEnv->getRole().empty(), true) << "Invalid Component Role";
+        ASSERT_NE(role_.empty(), true) << "Invalid Component Role";
         struct StringToName {
             const char* Name;
             standardComp CompName;
@@ -105,7 +104,7 @@
             sizeof(kStringToName) / sizeof(kStringToName[0]);
         const char* pch;
         char substring[OMX_MAX_STRINGNAME_SIZE];
-        strcpy(substring, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+        strcpy(substring, role_.c_str());
         pch = strchr(substring, '.');
         ASSERT_NE(pch, nullptr);
         compName = unknown_comp;
@@ -149,7 +148,6 @@
             EXPECT_TRUE((omxNode->freeNode()).isOk());
             omxNode = nullptr;
         }
-        Super::TearDown();
     }
 
     // callback function to process messages received by onMessages() from IL
@@ -190,6 +188,10 @@
         unknown_comp,
     };
 
+    std::string component_;
+    std::string role_;
+    std::string instance_;
+
     sp<IOmx> omx;
     sp<CodecObserver> observer;
     sp<IOmxNode> omxNode;
@@ -364,21 +366,21 @@
 }
 
 // set component role
-TEST_F(AudioEncHidlTest, SetRole) {
+TEST_P(AudioEncHidlTest, SetRole) {
     description("Test Set Component Role");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_.c_str());
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
 }
 
 // port format enumeration
-TEST_F(AudioEncHidlTest, EnumeratePortFormat) {
+TEST_P(AudioEncHidlTest, EnumeratePortFormat) {
     description("Test Component on Mandatory Port Parameters (Port Format)");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamAudioInit, &params);
@@ -394,12 +396,12 @@
 }
 
 // test raw stream encode
-TEST_F(AudioEncHidlTest, SimpleEncodeTest) {
+TEST_P(AudioEncHidlTest, SimpleEncodeTest) {
     description("Tests Basic encoding and EOS");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamAudioInit, &params);
@@ -409,7 +411,7 @@
         kPortIndexOutput = kPortIndexInput + 1;
     }
     char mURL[512];
-    strcpy(mURL, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
+    strcpy(mURL, sResourceDir.c_str());
     GetURLForComponent(compName, mURL);
 
     std::ifstream eleStream;
@@ -484,15 +486,21 @@
                                                     kPortIndexOutput));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, AudioEncHidlTest, testing::ValuesIn(kTestParameters),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    gEnv = new ComponentTestEnvironment();
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(gEnv);
+    kTestParameters = getTestParameters("audio_encoder");
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    gEnv->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = gEnv->initFromOptions(argc, argv);
-    if (status == 0) {
-        status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-        ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
+
+    // Set the resource directory based on command line args.
+    // Test will fail to set up if the argument is not set.
+    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+        if (strcmp(argv[i], "-P") == 0 && i < argc - 1) {
+            sResourceDir = argv[i + 1];
+            break;
+        }
     }
-    return status;
-}
+
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioEncTest.xml b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioEncTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88b6c87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioEncTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the"License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an"AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetAudioEncTest.">
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_audio_enc_test" value="/data/local/tmp/vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_audio_enc_test" />
+
+        <!-- Files used for audio testing -->
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_aac_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.aac" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_aac_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.aac" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_aac_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_aac_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_amrwb_1ch_14kbps_16000hz.amrwb" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_amrwb_1ch_14kbps_16000hz.amrwb" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_amrwb_1ch_14kbps_16000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_amrwb_1ch_14kbps_16000hz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_flac_stereo_680kbps_48000hz.flac" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_flac_stereo_680kbps_48000hz.flac" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_flac_stereo_680kbps_48000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_flac_stereo_680kbps_48000hz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_g711alaw_1ch_8khz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_g711alaw_1ch_8khz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_g711alaw_1ch_8khz.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_g711alaw_1ch_8khz.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_g711mulaw_1ch_8khz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_g711mulaw_1ch_8khz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_g711mulaw_1ch_8khz.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_g711mulaw_1ch_8khz.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_gsm_1ch_8khz_13kbps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_gsm_1ch_8khz_13kbps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_gsm_1ch_8khz_13kbps.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_gsm_1ch_8khz_13kbps.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mp3_stereo_192kbps_48000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mp3_stereo_192kbps_48000hz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mp3_stereo_192kbps_48000hz.mp3" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mp3_stereo_192kbps_48000hz.mp3" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_opus_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_opus_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_opus_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.opus" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_opus_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.opus" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_raw_1ch_16khz_s16le.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_raw_1ch_16khz_s16le.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_raw_1ch_8khz_s16le.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_raw_1ch_8khz_s16le.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_raw_1ch_8khz_s32le.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_raw_1ch_8khz_s32le.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_raw_1ch_8khz_s32le.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_raw_1ch_8khz_s32le.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_raw_2ch_48khz_s16le.raw" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_raw_2ch_48khz_s16le.raw" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vorbis_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vorbis_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vorbis_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.vorbis" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vorbis_stereo_128kbps_48000hz.vorbis" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="sine_amrnb_1ch_12kbps_8000hz.amrnb" value="/data/local/tmp/media/sine_amrnb_1ch_12kbps_8000hz.amrnb" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="sine_amrnb_1ch_12kbps_8000hz.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/sine_amrnb_1ch_12kbps_8000hz.info" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_audio_enc_test" />
+        <option name="native-test-flag" value="-P /data/local/tmp/media/" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/media_audio_hidl_test_common.cpp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/media_audio_hidl_test_common.cpp
index e7ae083..7c3b23f 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/media_audio_hidl_test_common.cpp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/audio/media_audio_hidl_test_common.cpp
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
 #include <media_audio_hidl_test_common.h>
 #include <media_hidl_test_common.h>
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/Android.bp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/Android.bp
index cdc52fb..2c024a0 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/Android.bp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/Android.bp
@@ -23,12 +23,27 @@
     export_include_dirs: ["."],
 
     static_libs: [
-        "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase",
+        "libgtest",
         "libhidlmemory",
         "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
         "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
         "android.hardware.media.omx@1.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@3.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
+    ],
+    export_static_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@3.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
     ],
 }
 
@@ -40,7 +55,12 @@
     static_libs: [
         "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0CommonUtil",
         "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@3.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.2",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.bufferqueue@1.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0",
         "android.hardware.media.omx@1.0",
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.cpp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.cpp
index f299e36..d9d1157 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.cpp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.cpp
@@ -22,8 +22,11 @@
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/allocator/2.0/IAllocator.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/allocator/3.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.0/IMapper.h>
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/3.0/IMapper.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/3.0/types.h>
 #include <android/hardware/media/omx/1.0/IOmx.h>
 #include <android/hardware/media/omx/1.0/IOmxNode.h>
 #include <android/hardware/media/omx/1.0/IOmxObserver.h>
@@ -31,7 +34,9 @@
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMapper.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
-#include <cutils/atomic.h>
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <variant>
 
 using ::android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::BufferUsage;
 using ::android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::PixelFormat;
@@ -51,17 +56,16 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
 #include <media/hardware/HardwareAPI.h>
 #include <media_hidl_test_common.h>
 #include <memory>
 
 // set component role
-Return<android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status> setRole(
-    sp<IOmxNode> omxNode, const char* role) {
+Return<android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status> setRole(sp<IOmxNode> omxNode,
+                                                            const std::string& role) {
     OMX_PARAM_COMPONENTROLETYPE params;
-    strcpy((char*)params.cRole, role);
+    strcpy((char*)params.cRole, role.c_str());
     return setParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamStandardComponentRole, &params);
 }
 
@@ -195,67 +199,104 @@
                             BufferInfo* buffer, uint32_t nFrameWidth,
                             uint32_t nFrameHeight, int32_t* nStride,
                             int format) {
-    android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
-    sp<android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V2_0::IAllocator> allocator =
-        android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V2_0::IAllocator::getService();
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, allocator.get());
+    struct AllocatorV2 : public GrallocV2 {
+        sp<IAllocator> mAllocator;
+        sp<IMapper> mMapper;
+        AllocatorV2(sp<IAllocator>&& allocator, sp<IMapper>&& mapper)
+              : mAllocator{std::move(allocator)}, mMapper{std::move(mapper)} {}
+        AllocatorV2() = default;
+    };
+    struct AllocatorV3 : public GrallocV3 {
+        sp<IAllocator> mAllocator;
+        sp<IMapper> mMapper;
+        AllocatorV3(sp<IAllocator>&& allocator, sp<IMapper>&& mapper)
+              : mAllocator{std::move(allocator)}, mMapper{std::move(mapper)} {}
+        AllocatorV3() = default;
+    };
+    std::variant<AllocatorV2, AllocatorV3> grallocVar;
 
-    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper> mapper =
-        android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::getService();
-    ASSERT_NE(mapper.get(), nullptr);
+    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper> mapper2{};
+    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::IMapper> mapper3{};
+    sp<android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V2_0::IAllocator> allocator2{};
+    sp<android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V3_0::IAllocator> allocator3 =
+        android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V3_0::IAllocator::getService();
+    if (allocator3) {
+        mapper3 =
+            android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::IMapper::getService();
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mapper3.get());
+        grallocVar.emplace<AllocatorV3>(std::move(allocator3), std::move(mapper3));
+    } else {
+        allocator2 =
+            android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V2_0::IAllocator::getService();
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, allocator2.get());
+        mapper2 =
+            android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::getService();
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, allocator2.get());
+        grallocVar.emplace<AllocatorV2>(std::move(allocator2), std::move(mapper2));
+    }
 
-    android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo
-        descriptorInfo;
-    uint32_t usage;
-
-    descriptorInfo.width = nFrameWidth;
-    descriptorInfo.height = nFrameHeight;
-    descriptorInfo.layerCount = 1;
-    descriptorInfo.format = static_cast<PixelFormat>(format);
-    descriptorInfo.usage = static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN);
-    omxNode->getGraphicBufferUsage(
+    android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status{};
+    uint64_t usage{};
+    ASSERT_TRUE(omxNode->getGraphicBufferUsage(
         portIndex,
         [&status, &usage](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
                           uint32_t _n1) {
             status = _s;
             usage = _n1;
-        });
-    if (status == android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK) {
-        descriptorInfo.usage |= usage;
-    }
+        }).isOk());
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
 
-    ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint32_t> descriptor;
-    android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error error;
-    mapper->createDescriptor(
-        descriptorInfo, [&error, &descriptor](
-                            android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _s,
-                            ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint32_t> _n1) {
-            error = _s;
-            descriptor = _n1;
-        });
-    ASSERT_EQ(error, android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
+    static std::atomic_int32_t bufferIdCounter{0};
 
-    static volatile int32_t nextId = 0;
-    uint64_t id = static_cast<uint64_t>(getpid()) << 32;
-    allocator->allocate(
-        descriptor, 1,
-        [&](android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _s, uint32_t _n1,
-            const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<
-                ::android::hardware::hidl_handle>& _n2) {
-            ASSERT_EQ(android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE,
-                      _s);
-            *nStride = _n1;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.nativeHandle = _n2[0];
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.width = nFrameWidth;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.height = nFrameHeight;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.stride = _n1;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.format = descriptorInfo.format;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.usage = descriptorInfo.usage;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.layerCount =
-                descriptorInfo.layerCount;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.id =
-                id | static_cast<uint32_t>(android_atomic_inc(&nextId));
-        });
+    std::visit([buffer, nFrameWidth, nFrameHeight, format, usage, nStride](auto&& gralloc) {
+            using Gralloc = std::remove_reference_t<decltype(gralloc)>;
+            using Descriptor = typename Gralloc::Descriptor;
+            using DescriptorInfo = typename Gralloc::DescriptorInfo;
+            using Error = typename Gralloc::Error;
+            using Format = typename Gralloc::Format;
+            using Usage = typename Gralloc::Usage;
+
+            Error error{};
+            Descriptor descriptor{};
+
+            DescriptorInfo descriptorInfo{};
+            descriptorInfo.width = nFrameWidth;
+            descriptorInfo.height = nFrameHeight;
+            descriptorInfo.layerCount = 1;
+            descriptorInfo.format = static_cast<Format>(format);
+            descriptorInfo.usage = usage | Usage(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN);
+
+            gralloc.mMapper->createDescriptor(descriptorInfo,
+                    [&error, &descriptor](
+                        Error _s,
+                        const Descriptor& _n1) {
+                    error = _s;
+                    descriptor = _n1;
+                });
+            ASSERT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+
+            gralloc.mAllocator->allocate(
+                descriptor, 1,
+                [&](Error _s, uint32_t _n1,
+                    const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<
+                        ::android::hardware::hidl_handle>& _n2) {
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, _s);
+                    *nStride = _n1;
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.nativeHandle = _n2[0];
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.width = nFrameWidth;
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.height = nFrameHeight;
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.stride = _n1;
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.format =
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat>(descriptorInfo.format);
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.usage =
+                        static_cast<uint32_t>(descriptorInfo.usage);
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.layerCount =
+                        descriptorInfo.layerCount;
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.id =
+                        (static_cast<uint64_t>(getpid()) << 32) |
+                        bufferIdCounter.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+                });
+        }, grallocVar);
 }
 
 // allocate buffers needed on a component port
@@ -717,3 +758,46 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(eosFlag, true);
     eosFlag = false;
 }
+
+hidl_vec<IOmx::ComponentInfo> getComponentInfoList(sp<IOmx> omx) {
+    android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
+    hidl_vec<IOmx::ComponentInfo> nodeList;
+    omx->listNodes([&status, &nodeList](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
+                                        hidl_vec<IOmx::ComponentInfo> const& _nl) {
+        status = _s;
+        nodeList = _nl;
+    });
+    if (status != android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK) {
+        ALOGE("Failed to get ComponentInfo list for IOmx.");
+    }
+    return nodeList;
+}
+
+// Return all test parameters, a list of tuple of <instance, component, role>
+const std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string>>& getTestParameters(
+        const std::string& filter) {
+    static std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string>> parameters;
+
+    auto instances = android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOmx::descriptor);
+    for (std::string instance : instances) {
+        sp<IOmx> omx = IOmx::getService(instance);
+        hidl_vec<IOmx::ComponentInfo> componentInfos = getComponentInfoList(omx);
+        for (IOmx::ComponentInfo info : componentInfos) {
+            for (std::string role : info.mRoles) {
+                if (filter.empty()) {
+                    if (kWhiteListRoles.find(role.c_str()) == kWhiteListRoles.end()) {
+                        // This is for component test and the role is not in the white list.
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                } else if (role.find(filter) == std::string::npos) {
+                    // The role doesn't match the given filter, e.g., video_decoder_vp8 role doesn't
+                    // need to run for audio_decoder tests.
+                    continue;
+                }
+                parameters.push_back(std::make_tuple(instance, info.mName.c_str(), role.c_str()));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return parameters;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.h b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.h
index 1575ba2..bb03dd0 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.h
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.h
@@ -22,6 +22,18 @@
 #endif
 
 #include <getopt.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/allocator/2.0/IAllocator.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/allocator/3.0/IAllocator.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/common/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/common/1.1/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/common/1.2/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.0/IMapper.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/3.0/IMapper.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/3.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <media/stagefright/foundation/ALooper.h>
 #include <utils/Condition.h>
 #include <utils/List.h>
@@ -34,8 +46,6 @@
 #include <media/openmax/OMX_AudioExt.h>
 #include <media/openmax/OMX_VideoExt.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
-
 /* TIME OUTS (Wait time in dequeueMessage()) */
 
 /* As component is switching states (loaded<->idle<->execute), dequeueMessage()
@@ -68,6 +78,20 @@
     unknown,
 };
 
+// White list audio/video roles to be tested.
+static std::set<std::string> kWhiteListRoles{
+        "audio_encoder.aac",      "audio_encoder.amrnb", "audio_encoder.amrwb",
+        "audio_encoder.flac",     "audio_decoder.aac",   "audio_decoder.amrnb",
+        "audio_decoder.amrwb",    "audio_decoder.flac",  "audio_decoder.g711alaw",
+        "audio_decoder.g711mlaw", "audio_decoder.gsm",   "audio_decoder.mp3",
+        "audio_decoder.opus",     "audio_decoder.raw",   "audio_decoder.vorbis",
+        "video_encoder.avc",      "video_encoder.h263",  "video_encoder.mpeg4",
+        "video_encoder.vp8",      "video_encoder.vp9",   "video_decoder.avc",
+        "video_decoder.h263",     "video_decoder.hevc",  "video_decoder.mpeg4",
+        "video_decoder.vp8",      "video_decoder.vp9"};
+
+static std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string>> kTestParameters;
+
 /*
  * TODO: below definitions are borrowed from Conversion.h.
  * This is not the ideal way to do it. Loose these definitions once you
@@ -288,8 +312,38 @@
 /*
  * common functions declarations
  */
-Return<android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status> setRole(
-    sp<IOmxNode> omxNode, const char* role);
+struct GrallocV2 {
+    using Format = android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::PixelFormat;
+    using Usage = android::hardware::hidl_bitfield<
+            android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::BufferUsage>;
+
+    using IAllocator = android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V2_0::IAllocator;
+
+    using IMapper = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper;
+    using Error = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error;
+    using Descriptor = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::BufferDescriptor;
+    using YCbCrLayout = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::YCbCrLayout;
+    using DescriptorInfo = IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo;
+    using Rect = IMapper::Rect;
+};
+
+struct GrallocV3 {
+    using Format = android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_2::PixelFormat;
+    using Usage = android::hardware::hidl_bitfield<
+            android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_2::BufferUsage>;
+
+    using IAllocator = android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V3_0::IAllocator;
+
+    using IMapper = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::IMapper;
+    using Error = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::Error;
+    using Descriptor = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::BufferDescriptor;
+    using YCbCrLayout = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::YCbCrLayout;
+    using DescriptorInfo = IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo;
+    using Rect = IMapper::Rect;
+};
+
+Return<android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status> setRole(sp<IOmxNode> omxNode,
+                                                            const std::string& role);
 
 Return<android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status> setPortBufferSize(
     sp<IOmxNode> omxNode, OMX_U32 portIndex, OMX_U32 size);
@@ -360,77 +414,10 @@
              portreconfig fptr = nullptr, OMX_U32 kPortIndexInput = 0,
              OMX_U32 kPortIndexOutput = 1, void* args = nullptr);
 
-// A class for test environment setup
-class ComponentTestEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   private:
-    typedef ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase Super;
+hidl_vec<IOmx::ComponentInfo> getComponentInfoList(sp<IOmx> omx);
 
-   public:
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IOmx>(); }
-
-    ComponentTestEnvironment() : res("/sdcard/media/") {}
-
-    void setComponent(const char* _component) { component = _component; }
-
-    void setRole(const char* _role) { role = _role; }
-
-    void setRes(const char* _res) { res = _res; }
-
-    const hidl_string getInstance() { return Super::getServiceName<IOmx>(); }
-
-    const hidl_string getComponent() const { return component; }
-
-    const hidl_string getRole() const { return role; }
-
-    const hidl_string getRes() const { return res; }
-
-    int initFromOptions(int argc, char** argv) {
-        static struct option options[] = {{"component", required_argument, 0, 'C'},
-                                          {"role", required_argument, 0, 'R'},
-                                          {"res", required_argument, 0, 'P'},
-                                          {0, 0, 0, 0}};
-
-        while (true) {
-            int index = 0;
-            int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "C:R:P:", options, &index);
-            if (c == -1) {
-                break;
-            }
-
-            switch (c) {
-                case 'C':
-                    setComponent(optarg);
-                    break;
-                case 'R':
-                    setRole(optarg);
-                    break;
-                case 'P':
-                    setRes(optarg);
-                    break;
-                case '?':
-                    break;
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (optind < argc) {
-            fprintf(stderr,
-                    "unrecognized option: %s\n\n"
-                    "usage: %s <gtest options> <test options>\n\n"
-                    "test options are:\n\n"
-                    "-C, --component: OMX component to test\n"
-                    "-R, --role: OMX component Role\n"
-                    "-P, --res: Resource files directory location\n",
-                    argv[optind ?: 1], argv[0]);
-            return 2;
-        }
-        return 0;
-    }
-
-   private:
-    hidl_string instance;
-    hidl_string component;
-    hidl_string role;
-    hidl_string res;
-};
+// Return all test parameters, a list of tuple of <instance, component, role>
+const std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string>>& getTestParameters(
+        const std::string& filter);
 
 #endif  // MEDIA_HIDL_TEST_COMMON_H
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/component/Android.bp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/component/Android.bp
index 970eabe..c7be2cc 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/component/Android.bp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/component/Android.bp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
     name: "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetComponentTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0Defaults"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetComponentTest.cpp"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
-
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/component/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetComponentTest.cpp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/component/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetComponentTest.cpp
index 1c1d39b..01cec6d 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/component/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetComponentTest.cpp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/component/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetComponentTest.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMapper.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::IOmx;
 using ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::IOmxObserver;
@@ -44,42 +46,37 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
 #include <media_hidl_test_common.h>
 
-static ComponentTestEnvironment* gEnv = nullptr;
-
 // generic component test fixture class
-class ComponentHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   private:
-    typedef ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase Super;
-   public:
-    ::std::string getTestCaseInfo() const override {
-        return ::std::string() +
-                "Component: " + gEnv->getComponent().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Role: " + gEnv->getRole().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Instance: " + gEnv->getInstance().c_str();
+class ComponentHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string>> {
+  public:
+    ::std::string getTestCaseInfo() const {
+        return ::std::string() + "Component: " + component_ + " | " + "Role: " + role_ + " | " +
+               "Instance: " + instance_;
     }
 
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        Super::SetUp();
+        instance_ = std::get<0>(GetParam());
+        component_ = std::get<1>(GetParam());
+        role_ = std::get<2>(GetParam());
+
         disableTest = false;
         android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
-        omx = Super::getService<IOmx>(gEnv->getInstance());
+        omx = IOmx::getService(instance_);
         ASSERT_NE(omx, nullptr);
         observer = new CodecObserver(nullptr);
         ASSERT_NE(observer, nullptr);
-        if (strncmp(gEnv->getComponent().c_str(), "OMX.", 4) != 0)
-            disableTest = true;
-        EXPECT_TRUE(omx->allocateNode(
-                           gEnv->getComponent(), observer,
-                           [&](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
-                               sp<IOmxNode> const& _nl) {
-                               status = _s;
-                               this->omxNode = _nl;
-                           })
-                        .isOk());
+        if (component_.find("OMX.") != 0) disableTest = true;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(omx->allocateNode(component_, observer,
+                                      [&](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
+                                          sp<IOmxNode> const& _nl) {
+                                          status = _s;
+                                          this->omxNode = _nl;
+                                      })
+                            .isOk());
         if (status == android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
             disableTest = true;
             std::cout << "[   WARN   ] Test Disabled, component not present\n";
@@ -87,7 +84,7 @@
         }
         ASSERT_EQ(status, android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
         ASSERT_NE(omxNode, nullptr);
-        ASSERT_NE(gEnv->getRole().empty(), true) << "Invalid Component Role";
+        ASSERT_NE(role_.empty(), true) << "Invalid Component Role";
         struct StringToClass {
             const char* Class;
             standardCompClass CompClass;
@@ -102,7 +99,7 @@
             sizeof(kStringToClass) / sizeof(kStringToClass[0]);
         const char* pch;
         char substring[OMX_MAX_STRINGNAME_SIZE];
-        strcpy(substring, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+        strcpy(substring, role_.c_str());
         pch = strchr(substring, '.');
         ASSERT_NE(pch, nullptr) << "Invalid Component Role";
         substring[pch - substring] = '\0';
@@ -117,11 +114,8 @@
         isSecure = false;
         mTunnel = false;
         size_t suffixLen = strlen(".secure");
-        if (strlen(gEnv->getComponent().c_str()) >= suffixLen) {
-            isSecure =
-                !strcmp(gEnv->getComponent().c_str() +
-                            strlen(gEnv->getComponent().c_str()) - suffixLen,
-                        ".secure");
+        if (component_.rfind(".secure") == component_.length() - suffixLen) {
+            isSecure = true;
         }
         if (compClass == video_decoder) {
             omxNode->configureVideoTunnelMode(
@@ -147,7 +141,6 @@
             EXPECT_TRUE((omxNode->freeNode()).isOk());
             omxNode = nullptr;
         }
-        Super::TearDown();
     }
 
     enum standardCompClass {
@@ -158,6 +151,10 @@
         unknown_class,
     };
 
+    std::string component_;
+    std::string role_;
+    std::string instance_;
+
     sp<IOmx> omx;
     sp<CodecObserver> observer;
     sp<IOmxNode> omxNode;
@@ -191,7 +188,7 @@
 }
 
 // test dispatch message API call
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, dispatchMsg) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, dispatchMsg) {
     description("test dispatch message API call");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
@@ -216,22 +213,22 @@
 }
 
 // set component role
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, SetRole) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, SetRole) {
     description("Test Set Component Role");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
 }
 
 // port indices enumeration
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, DISABLED_GetPortIndices) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, DISABLED_GetPortIndices) {
     description("Test Component on Mandatory Port Parameters (Port Indices)");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
 
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
 
     // Get Number of Ports and their Indices for all Domains
@@ -248,13 +245,13 @@
 }
 
 // port format enumeration
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, EnumeratePortFormat) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, EnumeratePortFormat) {
     description("Test Component on Mandatory Port Parameters (Port Format)");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
 
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     if (compClass == audio_decoder || compClass == audio_encoder) {
@@ -308,14 +305,14 @@
 }
 
 // get/set default port settings of a component
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, DISABLED_SetDefaultPortParams) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, DISABLED_SetDefaultPortParams) {
     description(
         "Test Component on Mandatory Port Parameters (Port Definition)");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
 
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     if (compClass == audio_decoder || compClass == audio_encoder) {
@@ -398,7 +395,7 @@
             portDef = mirror;
             OMX_U32 nBufferSize = portDef.nBufferSize >> 1;
             if (nBufferSize != 0) {
-                if (!strncmp(gEnv->getComponent().c_str(), "OMX.google.", 11)) {
+                if (component_.find("OMX.google.") != 0) {
                     portDef.nBufferSize = nBufferSize;
                 } else {
                     // Probable alignment requirements of vendor component
@@ -438,13 +435,13 @@
 }
 
 // populate port test
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, DISABLED_PopulatePort) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, DISABLED_PopulatePort) {
     description("Verify bPopulated field of a component port");
     if (disableTest || isSecure) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     OMX_U32 portBase = 0;
 
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     if (compClass == audio_decoder || compClass == audio_encoder) {
@@ -490,14 +487,14 @@
 }
 
 // Flush test
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, Flush) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, Flush) {
     description("Test Flush");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
     Message msg;
 
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     if (compClass == audio_decoder || compClass == audio_encoder) {
@@ -561,14 +558,14 @@
 }
 
 // Flush test - monkeying
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, Flush_M) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, Flush_M) {
     description("Test Flush monkeying");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
     Message msg;
 
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     if (compClass == audio_decoder || compClass == audio_encoder) {
@@ -669,14 +666,14 @@
 }
 
 // test port mode configuration when the component is in various states
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, PortModeConfig) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, PortModeConfig) {
     description("Test Port Mode Configuration");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
     Message msg;
 
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     if (compClass == audio_decoder || compClass == audio_encoder) {
@@ -733,14 +730,14 @@
 }
 
 // state transitions test
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, StateTransitions) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, StateTransitions) {
     description("Test State Transitions Loaded<->Idle<->Execute");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
     OMX_U32 portBase = 0;
     Message msg;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     if (compClass == audio_decoder || compClass == audio_encoder) {
@@ -852,14 +849,14 @@
 }
 
 // state transitions test - monkeying
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, DISABLED_StateTransitions_M) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, DISABLED_StateTransitions_M) {
     description("Test State Transitions monkeying");
     if (disableTest || isSecure) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
     Message msg;
 
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     if (compClass == audio_decoder || compClass == audio_encoder) {
@@ -918,13 +915,13 @@
 }
 
 // port enable disable test
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, DISABLED_PortEnableDisable_Loaded) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, DISABLED_PortEnableDisable_Loaded) {
     description("Test Port Enable and Disable (Component State :: Loaded)");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     OMX_U32 portBase = 0;
     Message msg;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     if (compClass == audio_decoder || compClass == audio_encoder) {
@@ -968,14 +965,14 @@
 }
 
 // port enable disable test
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, PortEnableDisable_Idle) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, PortEnableDisable_Idle) {
     description("Test Port Enable and Disable (Component State :: Idle)");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
     OMX_U32 portBase = 0;
     Message msg;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     if (compClass == audio_decoder || compClass == audio_encoder) {
@@ -1074,14 +1071,14 @@
 }
 
 // port enable disable test
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, PortEnableDisable_Execute) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, PortEnableDisable_Execute) {
     description("Test Port Enable and Disable (Component State :: Execute)");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
     OMX_U32 portBase = 0;
     Message msg;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     if (compClass == audio_decoder || compClass == audio_encoder) {
@@ -1192,14 +1189,14 @@
 }
 
 // port enable disable test - monkeying
-TEST_F(ComponentHidlTest, DISABLED_PortEnableDisable_M) {
+TEST_P(ComponentHidlTest, DISABLED_PortEnableDisable_M) {
     description(
         "Test Port Enable and Disable Monkeying (Component State :: Loaded)");
     if (disableTest || isSecure) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     OMX_U32 portBase = 0;
     Message msg;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     if (compClass == audio_decoder || compClass == audio_encoder) {
@@ -1267,15 +1264,11 @@
     }
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, ComponentHidlTest, testing::ValuesIn(kTestParameters),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    gEnv = new ComponentTestEnvironment();
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(gEnv);
+    kTestParameters = getTestParameters("");
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    gEnv->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = gEnv->initFromOptions(argc, argv);
-    if (status == 0) {
-        status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-        ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    }
-    return status;
-}
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/master/Android.bp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/master/Android.bp
index cf3f15d..0eb2cc9 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/master/Android.bp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/master/Android.bp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
     name: "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetMasterTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0Defaults"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetMasterTest.cpp"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
-
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/master/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetMasterTest.cpp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/master/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetMasterTest.cpp
index 64abe1c..c14f1da 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/master/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetMasterTest.cpp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/master/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetMasterTest.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMapper.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::IOmx;
 using ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::IOmxObserver;
@@ -46,30 +49,18 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
 #include <media_hidl_test_common.h>
 
-static ComponentTestEnvironment* gEnv = nullptr;
-
-class MasterHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   private:
-    typedef ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase Super;
-   public:
+class MasterHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        Super::SetUp();
-        omxStore = nullptr;
-        omxStore = Super::getService<IOmxStore>();
+        omxStore = IOmxStore::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(omxStore, nullptr);
-        omx = nullptr;
-        omx = omxStore->getOmx(gEnv->getInstance());
+        omx = IOmx::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(omx, nullptr);
     }
 
-    virtual void TearDown() override {
-        Super::TearDown();
-    }
-
     sp<IOmxStore> omxStore;
     sp<IOmx> omx;
 
@@ -89,8 +80,19 @@
     }
 }
 
+// Make sure IOmx and IOmxStore have the same set of instances.
+TEST(MasterHidlTest, instanceMatchValidation) {
+    auto omxInstances = android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOmx::descriptor);
+    auto omxStoreInstances = android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOmxStore::descriptor);
+    ASSERT_EQ(omxInstances.size(), omxInstances.size());
+    for (const std::string& omxInstance : omxInstances) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(std::find(omxStoreInstances.begin(), omxStoreInstances.end(), omxInstance) !=
+                    omxStoreInstances.end());
+    }
+}
+
 // list service attributes
-TEST_F(MasterHidlTest, ListServiceAttr) {
+TEST_P(MasterHidlTest, ListServiceAttr) {
     description("list service attributes");
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     hidl_vec<IOmxStore::Attribute> attributes;
@@ -107,7 +109,7 @@
 }
 
 // get node prefix
-TEST_F(MasterHidlTest, getNodePrefix) {
+TEST_P(MasterHidlTest, getNodePrefix) {
     description("get node prefix");
     hidl_string prefix;
     omxStore->getNodePrefix(
@@ -116,7 +118,7 @@
 }
 
 // list roles
-TEST_F(MasterHidlTest, ListRoles) {
+TEST_P(MasterHidlTest, ListRoles) {
     description("list roles");
     hidl_vec<IOmxStore::RoleInfo> roleList;
     omxStore->listRoles([&roleList](hidl_vec<IOmxStore::RoleInfo> const& _nl) {
@@ -126,7 +128,7 @@
 }
 
 // list components and roles.
-TEST_F(MasterHidlTest, ListNodes) {
+TEST_P(MasterHidlTest, ListNodes) {
     description("enumerate component and roles");
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     hidl_vec<IOmx::ComponentInfo> nodeList;
@@ -174,15 +176,7 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(isPass);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    gEnv = new ComponentTestEnvironment();
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(gEnv);
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    gEnv->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = gEnv->initFromOptions(argc, argv);
-    if (status == 0) {
-        status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-        ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    }
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+        PerInstance, MasterHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOmxStore::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/Android.bp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/Android.bp
index c7e0424..7e93faa 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/Android.bp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/Android.bp
@@ -16,23 +16,33 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoDecTest",
+    stem: "vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_video_dec_test",
     defaults: ["VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0Defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoDecTest.cpp",
-        "media_video_hidl_test_common.cpp"
+        "media_video_hidl_test_common.cpp",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    data: [":media_omx_video_res"],
+    test_config: "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoDecTest.xml",
+    test_suites: [
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest",
+    stem: "vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_video_enc_test",
     defaults: ["VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0Defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.cpp",
-        "media_video_hidl_test_common.cpp"
+        "media_video_hidl_test_common.cpp",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "libnativewindow",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    data: [":media_omx_video_res"],
+    test_config: "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.xml",
+    test_suites: [
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoDecTest.cpp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoDecTest.cpp
index df048c6..29a32a5 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoDecTest.cpp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoDecTest.cpp
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMapper.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::IOmx;
 using ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::IOmxObserver;
@@ -44,49 +46,46 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
 #include <media/hardware/HardwareAPI.h>
-#include <media_hidl_test_common.h>
 #include <media_video_hidl_test_common.h>
 #include <fstream>
 
-static ComponentTestEnvironment* gEnv = nullptr;
+// Resource directory
+std::string sResourceDir = "";
 
 // video decoder test fixture class
-class VideoDecHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   private:
-    typedef ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase Super;
-   public:
-    ::std::string getTestCaseInfo() const override {
-        return ::std::string() +
-                "Component: " + gEnv->getComponent().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Role: " + gEnv->getRole().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Instance: " + gEnv->getInstance().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Res: " + gEnv->getRes().c_str();
+class VideoDecHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string>> {
+  public:
+    ::std::string getTestCaseInfo() const {
+        return ::std::string() + "Component: " + component_ + " | " + "Role: " + role_ + " | " +
+               "Instance: " + instance_ + " | " + "Res: " + sResourceDir;
     }
 
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        Super::SetUp();
+        instance_ = std::get<0>(GetParam());
+        component_ = std::get<1>(GetParam());
+        role_ = std::get<2>(GetParam());
+        ASSERT_NE(sResourceDir.empty(), true);
+
         disableTest = false;
         android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
-        omx = Super::getService<IOmx>(gEnv->getInstance());
+        omx = IOmx::getService(instance_);
         ASSERT_NE(omx, nullptr);
         observer =
             new CodecObserver([this](Message msg, const BufferInfo* buffer) {
                 handleMessage(msg, buffer);
             });
         ASSERT_NE(observer, nullptr);
-        if (strncmp(gEnv->getComponent().c_str(), "OMX.", 4) != 0)
-            disableTest = true;
-        EXPECT_TRUE(omx->allocateNode(
-                           gEnv->getComponent(), observer,
-                           [&](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
-                               sp<IOmxNode> const& _nl) {
-                               status = _s;
-                               this->omxNode = _nl;
-                           })
-                        .isOk());
+        if (component_.find("OMX.") != 0) disableTest = true;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(omx->allocateNode(component_, observer,
+                                      [&](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
+                                          sp<IOmxNode> const& _nl) {
+                                          status = _s;
+                                          this->omxNode = _nl;
+                                      })
+                            .isOk());
         if (status == android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
             disableTest = true;
             std::cout << "[   WARN   ] Test Disabled, component not present\n";
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@
         }
         ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
         ASSERT_NE(omxNode, nullptr);
-        ASSERT_NE(gEnv->getRole().empty(), true) << "Invalid Component Role";
+        ASSERT_NE(role_.empty(), true) << "Invalid Component Role";
         struct StringToName {
             const char* Name;
             standardComp CompName;
@@ -107,7 +106,7 @@
             sizeof(kStringToName) / sizeof(kStringToName[0]);
         const char* pch;
         char substring[OMX_MAX_STRINGNAME_SIZE];
-        strcpy(substring, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+        strcpy(substring, role_.c_str());
         pch = strchr(substring, '.');
         ASSERT_NE(pch, nullptr);
         compName = unknown_comp;
@@ -146,11 +145,8 @@
         isSecure = false;
         portSettingsChange = false;
         size_t suffixLen = strlen(".secure");
-        if (strlen(gEnv->getComponent().c_str()) >= suffixLen) {
-            isSecure =
-                !strcmp(gEnv->getComponent().c_str() +
-                            strlen(gEnv->getComponent().c_str()) - suffixLen,
-                        ".secure");
+        if (component_.rfind(".secure") == component_.length() - suffixLen) {
+            isSecure = true;
         }
         if (isSecure) disableTest = true;
         omxNode->configureVideoTunnelMode(
@@ -175,7 +171,6 @@
             EXPECT_TRUE((omxNode->freeNode()).isOk());
             omxNode = nullptr;
         }
-        Super::TearDown();
     }
 
     // callback function to process messages received by onMessages() from IL
@@ -255,6 +250,10 @@
         unknown_comp,
     };
 
+    std::string component_;
+    std::string role_;
+    std::string instance_;
+
     sp<IOmx> omx;
     sp<CodecObserver> observer;
     sp<IOmxNode> omxNode;
@@ -719,23 +718,23 @@
 }
 
 // set component role
-TEST_F(VideoDecHidlTest, SetRole) {
+TEST_P(VideoDecHidlTest, SetRole) {
     description("Test Set Component Role");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
 }
 
 // port format enumeration
-TEST_F(VideoDecHidlTest, EnumeratePortFormat) {
+TEST_P(VideoDecHidlTest, EnumeratePortFormat) {
     description("Test Component on Mandatory Port Parameters (Port Format)");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
     OMX_COLOR_FORMATTYPE eColorFormat = OMX_COLOR_FormatYUV420Planar;
     OMX_U32 xFramerate = (24U << 16);
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoInit, &params);
@@ -755,12 +754,12 @@
 
 // test port settings reconfiguration, elementary stream decode and timestamp
 // deviation
-TEST_F(VideoDecHidlTest, DecodeTest) {
+TEST_P(VideoDecHidlTest, DecodeTest) {
     description("Tests Port Reconfiguration, Decode and timestamp deviation");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoInit, &params);
@@ -770,8 +769,8 @@
         kPortIndexOutput = kPortIndexInput + 1;
     }
     char mURL[512], info[512];
-    strcpy(mURL, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
-    strcpy(info, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
+    strcpy(mURL, sResourceDir.c_str());
+    strcpy(info, sResourceDir.c_str());
     GetURLForComponent(compName, mURL, info);
 
     std::ifstream eleStream, eleInfo;
@@ -860,7 +859,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test for adaptive playback support
-TEST_F(VideoDecHidlTest, AdaptivePlaybackTest) {
+TEST_P(VideoDecHidlTest, AdaptivePlaybackTest) {
     description("Tests for Adaptive Playback support");
     if (disableTest) return;
     if (!(compName == avc || compName == hevc || compName == vp8 ||
@@ -868,7 +867,7 @@
         return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoInit, &params);
@@ -895,7 +894,7 @@
     uint32_t adaptiveMaxHeight = 240;
     status = omxNode->prepareForAdaptivePlayback(
         kPortIndexOutput, true, adaptiveMaxWidth, adaptiveMaxHeight);
-    if (strncmp(gEnv->getComponent().c_str(), "OMX.google.", 11) == 0) {
+    if (component_.find("OMX.google.") == 0) {
         // SoftOMX Decoders donot support graphic buffer modes. So for them
         // support for adaptive play back is mandatory in Byte Buffer mode
         ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
@@ -944,8 +943,8 @@
         std::ifstream eleStream, eleInfo;
         char mURL[512], info[512];
         android::Vector<FrameData> Info;
-        strcpy(mURL, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
-        strcpy(info, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
+        strcpy(mURL, sResourceDir.c_str());
+        strcpy(info, sResourceDir.c_str());
         GetURLForComponent(compName, mURL, info, i % STREAM_COUNT);
         eleInfo.open(info);
         ASSERT_EQ(eleInfo.is_open(), true);
@@ -1008,12 +1007,12 @@
 }
 
 // end of sequence test
-TEST_F(VideoDecHidlTest, EOSTest_M) {
+TEST_P(VideoDecHidlTest, EOSTest_M) {
     description("Test End of stream monkeying");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoInit, &params);
@@ -1074,12 +1073,12 @@
 }
 
 // end of sequence test
-TEST_F(VideoDecHidlTest, ThumbnailTest) {
+TEST_P(VideoDecHidlTest, ThumbnailTest) {
     description("Test Request for thumbnail");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoInit, &params);
@@ -1089,8 +1088,8 @@
         kPortIndexOutput = kPortIndexInput + 1;
     }
     char mURL[512], info[512];
-    strcpy(mURL, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
-    strcpy(info, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
+    strcpy(mURL, sResourceDir.c_str());
+    strcpy(info, sResourceDir.c_str());
     GetURLForComponent(compName, mURL, info);
 
     std::ifstream eleStream, eleInfo;
@@ -1195,12 +1194,12 @@
 }
 
 // end of sequence test
-TEST_F(VideoDecHidlTest, SimpleEOSTest) {
+TEST_P(VideoDecHidlTest, SimpleEOSTest) {
     description("Test End of stream");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoInit, &params);
@@ -1210,8 +1209,8 @@
         kPortIndexOutput = kPortIndexInput + 1;
     }
     char mURL[512], info[512];
-    strcpy(mURL, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
-    strcpy(info, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
+    strcpy(mURL, sResourceDir.c_str());
+    strcpy(info, sResourceDir.c_str());
     GetURLForComponent(compName, mURL, info);
 
     std::ifstream eleStream, eleInfo;
@@ -1302,12 +1301,12 @@
 }
 
 // test input/output port flush
-TEST_F(VideoDecHidlTest, FlushTest) {
+TEST_P(VideoDecHidlTest, FlushTest) {
     description("Test Flush");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoInit, &params);
@@ -1317,8 +1316,8 @@
         kPortIndexOutput = kPortIndexInput + 1;
     }
     char mURL[512], info[512];
-    strcpy(mURL, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
-    strcpy(info, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
+    strcpy(mURL, sResourceDir.c_str());
+    strcpy(info, sResourceDir.c_str());
     GetURLForComponent(compName, mURL, info);
 
     std::ifstream eleStream, eleInfo;
@@ -1420,15 +1419,21 @@
                                                     kPortIndexOutput));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, VideoDecHidlTest, testing::ValuesIn(kTestParameters),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    gEnv = new ComponentTestEnvironment();
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(gEnv);
+    kTestParameters = getTestParameters("video_decoder");
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    gEnv->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = gEnv->initFromOptions(argc, argv);
-    if (status == 0) {
-        status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-        ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
+
+    // Set the resource directory based on command line args.
+    // Test will fail to set up if the argument is not set.
+    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+        if (strcmp(argv[i], "-P") == 0 && i < argc - 1) {
+            sResourceDir = argv[i + 1];
+            break;
+        }
     }
-    return status;
-}
+
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoDecTest.xml b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoDecTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a2fd92a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoDecTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the"License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an"AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoDecTest.">
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_video_dec_test" value="/data/local/tmp/vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_video_dec_test" />
+
+        <!-- Files used for video testing -->
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_352x288_420p_30fps_32frames.yuv" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_352x288_420p_30fps_32frames.yuv" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_avc_176x144_300kbps_60fps.h264" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_avc_176x144_300kbps_60fps.h264" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_avc_176x144_300kbps_60fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_avc_176x144_300kbps_60fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_avc_640x360_768kbps_30fps.h264" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_avc_640x360_768kbps_30fps.h264" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_avc_640x360_768kbps_30fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_avc_640x360_768kbps_30fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_h263_352x288_300kbps_12fps.h263" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_h263_352x288_300kbps_12fps.h263" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_h263_352x288_300kbps_12fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_h263_352x288_300kbps_12fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_hevc_176x144_176kbps_60fps.hevc" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_hevc_176x144_176kbps_60fps.hevc" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_hevc_176x144_176kbps_60fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_hevc_176x144_176kbps_60fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_hevc_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.hevc" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_hevc_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.hevc" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_hevc_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_hevc_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mpeg2_176x144_105kbps_25fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mpeg2_176x144_105kbps_25fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mpeg2_176x144_105kbps_25fps.m2v" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mpeg2_176x144_105kbps_25fps.m2v" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mpeg2_352x288_1mbps_60fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mpeg2_352x288_1mbps_60fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mpeg2_352x288_1mbps_60fps.m2v" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mpeg2_352x288_1mbps_60fps.m2v" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mpeg4_352x288_512kbps_30fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mpeg4_352x288_512kbps_30fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mpeg4_352x288_512kbps_30fps.m4v" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mpeg4_352x288_512kbps_30fps.m4v" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp8_176x144_240kbps_60fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp8_176x144_240kbps_60fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp8_176x144_240kbps_60fps.vp8" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp8_176x144_240kbps_60fps.vp8" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp8_640x360_2mbps_30fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp8_640x360_2mbps_30fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp8_640x360_2mbps_30fps.vp8" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp8_640x360_2mbps_30fps.vp8" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp9_176x144_285kbps_60fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp9_176x144_285kbps_60fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp9_176x144_285kbps_60fps.vp9" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp9_176x144_285kbps_60fps.vp9" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp9_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp9_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp9_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.vp9" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp9_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.vp9" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_video_dec_test" />
+        <option name="native-test-flag" value="-P /data/local/tmp/media/" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.cpp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.cpp
index a740a80..4b469e6 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.cpp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.cpp
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMapper.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::graphics::bufferqueue::V1_0::IGraphicBufferProducer;
 using ::android::hardware::graphics::bufferqueue::V1_0::IProducerListener;
@@ -56,50 +58,48 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
 #include <media/hardware/HardwareAPI.h>
-#include <media_hidl_test_common.h>
 #include <media_video_hidl_test_common.h>
 #include <system/window.h>
 #include <fstream>
+#include <variant>
 
-static ComponentTestEnvironment* gEnv = nullptr;
+// Resource directory
+std::string sResourceDir = "";
 
 // video encoder test fixture class
-class VideoEncHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   private:
-    typedef ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase Super;
-   public:
-    ::std::string getTestCaseInfo() const override {
-        return ::std::string() +
-                "Component: " + gEnv->getComponent().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Role: " + gEnv->getRole().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Instance: " + gEnv->getInstance().c_str() + " | " +
-                "Res: " + gEnv->getRes().c_str();
+class VideoEncHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string, std::string>> {
+  public:
+    ::std::string getTestCaseInfo() const {
+        return ::std::string() + "Component: " + component_ + " | " + "Role: " + role_ + " | " +
+               "Instance: " + instance_ + " | " + "Res: " + sResourceDir;
     }
 
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        Super::SetUp();
+        instance_ = std::get<0>(GetParam());
+        component_ = std::get<1>(GetParam());
+        role_ = std::get<2>(GetParam());
+        ASSERT_NE(sResourceDir.empty(), true);
+
         disableTest = false;
         android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
-        omx = Super::getService<IOmx>(gEnv->getInstance());
+        omx = IOmx::getService(instance_);
         ASSERT_NE(omx, nullptr);
         observer =
             new CodecObserver([this](Message msg, const BufferInfo* buffer) {
                 handleMessage(msg, buffer);
             });
         ASSERT_NE(observer, nullptr);
-        if (strncmp(gEnv->getComponent().c_str(), "OMX.", 4) != 0)
-            disableTest = true;
-        EXPECT_TRUE(omx->allocateNode(
-                           gEnv->getComponent(), observer,
-                           [&](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
-                               sp<IOmxNode> const& _nl) {
-                               status = _s;
-                               this->omxNode = _nl;
-                           })
-                        .isOk());
+        if (component_.find("OMX.") != 0) disableTest = true;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(omx->allocateNode(component_, observer,
+                                      [&](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
+                                          sp<IOmxNode> const& _nl) {
+                                          status = _s;
+                                          this->omxNode = _nl;
+                                      })
+                            .isOk());
         if (status == android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
             disableTest = true;
             std::cout << "[   WARN   ] Test Disabled, component not present\n";
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
         }
         ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
         ASSERT_NE(omxNode, nullptr);
-        ASSERT_NE(gEnv->getRole().empty(), true) << "Invalid Component Role";
+        ASSERT_NE(role_.empty(), true) << "Invalid Component Role";
         struct StringToName {
             const char* Name;
             standardComp CompName;
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@
             sizeof(kStringToName) / sizeof(kStringToName[0]);
         const char* pch;
         char substring[OMX_MAX_STRINGNAME_SIZE];
-        strcpy(substring, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+        strcpy(substring, role_.c_str());
         pch = strchr(substring, '.');
         ASSERT_NE(pch, nullptr);
         compName = unknown_comp;
@@ -157,11 +157,8 @@
         source = nullptr;
         isSecure = false;
         size_t suffixLen = strlen(".secure");
-        if (strlen(gEnv->getComponent().c_str()) >= suffixLen) {
-            isSecure =
-                !strcmp(gEnv->getComponent().c_str() +
-                            strlen(gEnv->getComponent().c_str()) - suffixLen,
-                        ".secure");
+        if (component_.rfind(".secure") == component_.length() - suffixLen) {
+            isSecure = true;
         }
         if (isSecure) disableTest = true;
         if (disableTest) std::cout << "[   WARN   ] Test Disabled \n";
@@ -176,7 +173,6 @@
             EXPECT_TRUE((omxNode->freeNode()).isOk());
             omxNode = nullptr;
         }
-        Super::TearDown();
     }
 
     // callback function to process messages received by onMessages() from IL
@@ -244,6 +240,10 @@
         unknown_comp,
     };
 
+    std::string component_;
+    std::string role_;
+    std::string instance_;
+
     sp<IOmx> omx;
     sp<CodecObserver> observer;
     sp<IOmxNode> omxNode;
@@ -364,6 +364,61 @@
     return Void();
 };
 
+// Variant of mappers
+struct MapperV2 : public GrallocV2 {
+    sp<IMapper> mMapper;
+    MapperV2(sp<IMapper>&& mapper): mMapper{std::move(mapper)} {}
+    MapperV2() = default;
+    android::hardware::Return<void> lock(
+            void* buffer,
+            Usage usage,
+            const Rect& rect,
+            const android::hardware::hidl_handle& handle,
+            Error* error,
+            void** data) {
+        return mMapper->lock(buffer, usage, rect, handle,
+                             [error, data](Error e, void* d) {
+                                *error = e;
+                                *data = d;
+                             });
+    }
+};
+struct MapperV3 : public GrallocV3 {
+    sp<IMapper> mMapper;
+    MapperV3(sp<IMapper>&& mapper): mMapper{std::move(mapper)} {}
+    MapperV3() = default;
+    android::hardware::Return<void> lock(
+            void* buffer,
+            Usage usage,
+            const Rect& rect,
+            const android::hardware::hidl_handle& handle,
+            Error* error,
+            void** data) {
+        return mMapper->lock(buffer, usage, rect, handle,
+                             [error, data](Error e, void* d, int32_t, int32_t) {
+                                *error = e;
+                                *data = d;
+                             });
+    }
+};
+using MapperVar = std::variant<MapperV2, MapperV3>;
+// Initializes the MapperVar by trying services of different versions.
+bool initialize(MapperVar& mapperVar) {
+    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::IMapper> mapper3 =
+        android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::IMapper::getService();
+    if (mapper3) {
+        mapperVar.emplace<MapperV3>(std::move(mapper3));
+        return true;
+    }
+    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper> mapper2 =
+        android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::getService();
+    if (mapper2) {
+        mapperVar.emplace<MapperV2>(std::move(mapper2));
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
 // request VOP refresh
 void requestIDR(sp<IOmxNode> omxNode, OMX_U32 portIndex) {
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
@@ -574,150 +629,166 @@
 
 int colorFormatConversion(BufferInfo* buffer, void* buff, PixelFormat format,
                           std::ifstream& eleStream) {
-    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper> mapper =
-        android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::getService();
-    EXPECT_NE(mapper.get(), nullptr);
-    if (mapper.get() == nullptr) return 1;
-
-    android::hardware::hidl_handle fence;
-    android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::Rect rect;
-    android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::YCbCrLayout ycbcrLayout;
-    android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error error;
-    rect.left = 0;
-    rect.top = 0;
-    rect.width = buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.width;
-    rect.height = buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.height;
-
-    if (format == PixelFormat::YV12 || format == PixelFormat::YCRCB_420_SP ||
-        format == PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888) {
-        mapper->lockYCbCr(
-            buff, buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.usage, rect, fence,
-            [&](android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _e,
-                android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::YCbCrLayout _n1) {
-                error = _e;
-                ycbcrLayout = _n1;
-            });
-        EXPECT_EQ(error,
-                  android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
-        if (error != android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE)
-            return 1;
-
-        int size = ((rect.width * rect.height * 3) >> 1);
-        char* img = new char[size];
-        if (img == nullptr) return 1;
-        eleStream.read(img, size);
-        if (eleStream.gcount() != size) {
-            delete[] img;
-            return 1;
-        }
-
-        char* imgTmp = img;
-        char* ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(ycbcrLayout.y);
-        for (size_t y = rect.height; y > 0; --y) {
-            memcpy(ipBuffer, imgTmp, rect.width);
-            ipBuffer += ycbcrLayout.yStride;
-            imgTmp += rect.width;
-        }
-
-        if (format == PixelFormat::YV12)
-            EXPECT_EQ(ycbcrLayout.chromaStep, 1U);
-        else if (format == PixelFormat::YCRCB_420_SP)
-            EXPECT_EQ(ycbcrLayout.chromaStep, 2U);
-
-        ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(ycbcrLayout.cb);
-        for (size_t y = rect.height >> 1; y > 0; --y) {
-            for (int32_t x = 0; x < (rect.width >> 1); ++x) {
-                ipBuffer[ycbcrLayout.chromaStep * x] = *imgTmp++;
-            }
-            ipBuffer += ycbcrLayout.cStride;
-        }
-        ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(ycbcrLayout.cr);
-        for (size_t y = rect.height >> 1; y > 0; --y) {
-            for (int32_t x = 0; x < (rect.width >> 1); ++x) {
-                ipBuffer[ycbcrLayout.chromaStep * x] = *imgTmp++;
-            }
-            ipBuffer += ycbcrLayout.cStride;
-        }
-
-        delete[] img;
-
-        mapper->unlock(buff,
-                       [&](android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _e,
-                           android::hardware::hidl_handle _n1) {
-                           error = _e;
-                           fence = _n1;
-                       });
-        EXPECT_EQ(error,
-                  android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
-        if (error != android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE)
-            return 1;
-    } else {
-        void* data;
-        mapper->lock(buff, buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.usage, rect, fence,
-                     [&](android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _e,
-                         void* _n1) {
-                         error = _e;
-                         data = _n1;
-                     });
-        EXPECT_EQ(error,
-                  android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
-        if (error != android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE)
-            return 1;
-
-        if (format == PixelFormat::BGRA_8888) {
-            char* ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(data);
-            for (size_t y = rect.height; y > 0; --y) {
-                eleStream.read(ipBuffer, rect.width * 4);
-                if (eleStream.gcount() != rect.width * 4) return 1;
-                ipBuffer += buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.stride * 4;
-            }
-        } else {
-            EXPECT_TRUE(false) << "un expected pixel format";
-            return 1;
-        }
-
-        mapper->unlock(buff,
-                       [&](android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _e,
-                           android::hardware::hidl_handle _n1) {
-                           error = _e;
-                           fence = _n1;
-                       });
-        EXPECT_EQ(error,
-                  android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
-        if (error != android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE)
-            return 1;
+    MapperVar mapperVar;
+    if (!initialize(mapperVar)) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(false) << "failed to obtain mapper service";
+        return 1;
     }
 
-    return 0;
+    return std::visit([buffer, buff, format, &eleStream](auto&& mapper) -> int {
+            using Gralloc = std::remove_reference_t<decltype(mapper)>;
+            using Error = typename Gralloc::Error;
+            using Rect = typename Gralloc::Rect;
+            using Usage = typename Gralloc::Usage;
+            using YCbCrLayout = typename Gralloc::YCbCrLayout;
+
+            android::hardware::hidl_handle fence;
+            Rect rect;
+            YCbCrLayout ycbcrLayout;
+            Error error;
+            rect.left = 0;
+            rect.top = 0;
+            rect.width = buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.width;
+            rect.height = buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.height;
+
+            if (format == PixelFormat::YV12 || format == PixelFormat::YCRCB_420_SP ||
+                format == PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888) {
+                mapper.mMapper->lockYCbCr(
+                        buff,
+                        static_cast<Usage>(
+                            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.usage),
+                        rect,
+                        fence,
+                        [&](Error _e,
+                            const YCbCrLayout& _n1) {
+                            error = _e;
+                            ycbcrLayout = _n1;
+                        });
+                EXPECT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+                if (error != Error::NONE)
+                    return 1;
+
+                int size = ((rect.width * rect.height * 3) >> 1);
+                char* img = new char[size];
+                if (img == nullptr) return 1;
+                eleStream.read(img, size);
+                if (eleStream.gcount() != size) {
+                    delete[] img;
+                    return 1;
+                }
+
+                char* imgTmp = img;
+                char* ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(ycbcrLayout.y);
+                for (size_t y = rect.height; y > 0; --y) {
+                    memcpy(ipBuffer, imgTmp, rect.width);
+                    ipBuffer += ycbcrLayout.yStride;
+                    imgTmp += rect.width;
+                }
+
+                if (format == PixelFormat::YV12)
+                    EXPECT_EQ(ycbcrLayout.chromaStep, 1U);
+                else if (format == PixelFormat::YCRCB_420_SP)
+                    EXPECT_EQ(ycbcrLayout.chromaStep, 2U);
+
+                ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(ycbcrLayout.cb);
+                for (size_t y = rect.height >> 1; y > 0; --y) {
+                    for (int32_t x = 0; x < (rect.width >> 1); ++x) {
+                        ipBuffer[ycbcrLayout.chromaStep * x] = *imgTmp++;
+                    }
+                    ipBuffer += ycbcrLayout.cStride;
+                }
+                ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(ycbcrLayout.cr);
+                for (size_t y = rect.height >> 1; y > 0; --y) {
+                    for (int32_t x = 0; x < (rect.width >> 1); ++x) {
+                        ipBuffer[ycbcrLayout.chromaStep * x] = *imgTmp++;
+                    }
+                    ipBuffer += ycbcrLayout.cStride;
+                }
+
+                delete[] img;
+
+                mapper.mMapper->unlock(buff,
+                               [&](Error _e,
+                                   const android::hardware::hidl_handle& _n1) {
+                                   error = _e;
+                                   fence = _n1;
+                               });
+                EXPECT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+                if (error != Error::NONE)
+                    return 1;
+            } else {
+                void* data;
+                mapper.lock(
+                        buff,
+                        buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.usage,
+                        rect,
+                        fence,
+                        &error,
+                        &data);
+                EXPECT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+                if (error != Error::NONE)
+                    return 1;
+
+                if (format == PixelFormat::BGRA_8888) {
+                    char* ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(data);
+                    for (size_t y = rect.height; y > 0; --y) {
+                        eleStream.read(ipBuffer, rect.width * 4);
+                        if (eleStream.gcount() != rect.width * 4) return 1;
+                        ipBuffer += buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.stride * 4;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    EXPECT_TRUE(false) << "un expected pixel format";
+                    return 1;
+                }
+
+                mapper.mMapper->unlock(
+                        buff,
+                        [&](Error _e, const android::hardware::hidl_handle& _n1) {
+                            error = _e;
+                            fence = _n1;
+                        });
+                EXPECT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+                if (error != Error::NONE)
+                    return 1;
+            }
+
+            return 0;
+        }, mapperVar);
 }
 
 int fillGraphicBuffer(BufferInfo* buffer, PixelFormat format,
                       std::ifstream& eleStream) {
-    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper> mapper =
-        android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::getService();
-    EXPECT_NE(mapper.get(), nullptr);
-    if (mapper.get() == nullptr) return 1;
-
-    void* buff = nullptr;
-    android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error error;
-    mapper->importBuffer(
-        buffer->omxBuffer.nativeHandle,
-        [&](android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _e, void* _n1) {
-            error = _e;
-            buff = _n1;
-        });
-    EXPECT_EQ(error, android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
-    if (error != android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE)
+    MapperVar mapperVar;
+    if (!initialize(mapperVar)) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(false) << "failed to obtain mapper service";
         return 1;
+    }
 
-    if (colorFormatConversion(buffer, buff, format, eleStream)) return 1;
+    return std::visit([buffer, format, &eleStream](auto&& mapper) -> int {
+            using Gralloc = std::remove_reference_t<decltype(mapper)>;
+            using Error = typename Gralloc::Error;
 
-    error = mapper->freeBuffer(buff);
-    EXPECT_EQ(error, android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
-    if (error != android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE)
-        return 1;
+            void* buff = nullptr;
+            Error error;
+            mapper.mMapper->importBuffer(
+                buffer->omxBuffer.nativeHandle,
+                [&](Error _e, void* _n1) {
+                    error = _e;
+                    buff = _n1;
+                });
+            EXPECT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+            if (error != Error::NONE)
+                return 1;
 
-    return 0;
+            if (colorFormatConversion(buffer, buff, format, eleStream)) return 1;
+
+            error = mapper.mMapper->freeBuffer(buff);
+            EXPECT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+            if (error != Error::NONE)
+                return 1;
+
+            return 0;
+        }, mapperVar);
 }
 
 int dispatchGraphicBuffer(sp<IOmxNode> omxNode,
@@ -1013,23 +1084,23 @@
 }
 
 // set component role
-TEST_F(VideoEncHidlTest, SetRole) {
+TEST_P(VideoEncHidlTest, SetRole) {
     description("Test Set Component Role");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
 }
 
 // port format enumeration
-TEST_F(VideoEncHidlTest, EnumeratePortFormat) {
+TEST_P(VideoEncHidlTest, EnumeratePortFormat) {
     description("Test Component on Mandatory Port Parameters (Port Format)");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
     OMX_COLOR_FORMATTYPE eColorFormat = OMX_COLOR_FormatYUV420Planar;
     OMX_U32 xFramerate = (30U << 16);
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoInit, &params);
@@ -1049,12 +1120,12 @@
 }
 
 // Test IOmxBufferSource CallBacks
-TEST_F(VideoEncHidlTest, BufferSourceCallBacks) {
+TEST_P(VideoEncHidlTest, BufferSourceCallBacks) {
     description("Test IOmxBufferSource CallBacks");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoInit, &params);
@@ -1106,12 +1177,12 @@
 }
 
 // test raw stream encode (input is byte buffers)
-TEST_F(VideoEncHidlTest, EncodeTest) {
+TEST_P(VideoEncHidlTest, EncodeTest) {
     description("Test Encode");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoInit, &params);
@@ -1121,7 +1192,7 @@
         kPortIndexOutput = kPortIndexInput + 1;
     }
     char mURL[512];
-    strcpy(mURL, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
+    strcpy(mURL, sResourceDir.c_str());
     GetURLForComponent(mURL);
 
     std::ifstream eleStream;
@@ -1221,12 +1292,12 @@
 }
 
 // test raw stream encode (input is ANW buffers)
-TEST_F(VideoEncHidlTest, EncodeTestBufferMetaModes) {
+TEST_P(VideoEncHidlTest, EncodeTestBufferMetaModes) {
     description("Test Encode Input buffer metamodes");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoInit, &params);
@@ -1311,7 +1382,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
 
     char mURL[512];
-    strcpy(mURL, gEnv->getRes().c_str());
+    strcpy(mURL, sResourceDir.c_str());
     GetURLForComponent(mURL);
 
     uint32_t latency = 0;
@@ -1388,12 +1459,12 @@
 }
 
 // Test end of stream
-TEST_F(VideoEncHidlTest, EncodeTestEOS) {
+TEST_P(VideoEncHidlTest, EncodeTestEOS) {
     description("Test EOS");
     if (disableTest) return;
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
     uint32_t kPortIndexInput = 0, kPortIndexOutput = 1;
-    status = setRole(omxNode, gEnv->getRole().c_str());
+    status = setRole(omxNode, role_);
     ASSERT_EQ(status, ::android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
     OMX_PORT_PARAM_TYPE params;
     status = getParam(omxNode, OMX_IndexParamVideoInit, &params);
@@ -1502,15 +1573,21 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(returnval, 0);
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, VideoEncHidlTest, testing::ValuesIn(kTestParameters),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    gEnv = new ComponentTestEnvironment();
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(gEnv);
+    kTestParameters = getTestParameters("video_encoder");
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    gEnv->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = gEnv->initFromOptions(argc, argv);
-    if (status == 0) {
-        status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-        ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
+
+    // Set the resource directory based on command line args.
+    // Test will fail to set up if the argument is not set.
+    for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+        if (strcmp(argv[i], "-P") == 0 && i < argc - 1) {
+            sResourceDir = argv[i + 1];
+            break;
+        }
     }
-    return status;
-}
+
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.xml b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57ba1e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the"License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an"AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.">
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_video_enc_test" value="/data/local/tmp/vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_video_enc_test" />
+
+        <!-- Files used for video testing -->
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_352x288_420p_30fps_32frames.yuv" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_352x288_420p_30fps_32frames.yuv" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_avc_176x144_300kbps_60fps.h264" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_avc_176x144_300kbps_60fps.h264" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_avc_176x144_300kbps_60fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_avc_176x144_300kbps_60fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_avc_640x360_768kbps_30fps.h264" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_avc_640x360_768kbps_30fps.h264" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_avc_640x360_768kbps_30fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_avc_640x360_768kbps_30fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_h263_352x288_300kbps_12fps.h263" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_h263_352x288_300kbps_12fps.h263" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_h263_352x288_300kbps_12fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_h263_352x288_300kbps_12fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_hevc_176x144_176kbps_60fps.hevc" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_hevc_176x144_176kbps_60fps.hevc" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_hevc_176x144_176kbps_60fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_hevc_176x144_176kbps_60fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_hevc_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.hevc" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_hevc_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.hevc" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_hevc_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_hevc_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mpeg2_176x144_105kbps_25fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mpeg2_176x144_105kbps_25fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mpeg2_176x144_105kbps_25fps.m2v" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mpeg2_176x144_105kbps_25fps.m2v" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mpeg2_352x288_1mbps_60fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mpeg2_352x288_1mbps_60fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mpeg2_352x288_1mbps_60fps.m2v" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mpeg2_352x288_1mbps_60fps.m2v" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mpeg4_352x288_512kbps_30fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mpeg4_352x288_512kbps_30fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_mpeg4_352x288_512kbps_30fps.m4v" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_mpeg4_352x288_512kbps_30fps.m4v" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp8_176x144_240kbps_60fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp8_176x144_240kbps_60fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp8_176x144_240kbps_60fps.vp8" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp8_176x144_240kbps_60fps.vp8" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp8_640x360_2mbps_30fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp8_640x360_2mbps_30fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp8_640x360_2mbps_30fps.vp8" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp8_640x360_2mbps_30fps.vp8" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp9_176x144_285kbps_60fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp9_176x144_285kbps_60fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp9_176x144_285kbps_60fps.vp9" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp9_176x144_285kbps_60fps.vp9" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp9_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.info" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp9_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.info" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="bbb_vp9_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.vp9" value="/data/local/tmp/media/bbb_vp9_640x360_1600kbps_30fps.vp9" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="vts_hal_media_omx_v1_0_video_enc_test" />
+        <option name="native-test-flag" value="-P /data/local/tmp/media/" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/media_video_hidl_test_common.cpp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/media_video_hidl_test_common.cpp
index e1b6022..5e2c107 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/media_video_hidl_test_common.cpp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/media_video_hidl_test_common.cpp
@@ -44,7 +44,6 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
 #include <media/hardware/HardwareAPI.h>
 #include <media_hidl_test_common.h>
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/media_video_hidl_test_common.h b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/media_video_hidl_test_common.h
index 55de125..e8f5172 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/media_video_hidl_test_common.h
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/media_video_hidl_test_common.h
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 #ifndef MEDIA_VIDEO_HIDL_TEST_COMMON_H
 #define MEDIA_VIDEO_HIDL_TEST_COMMON_H
 
+#include <media_hidl_test_common.h>
+
 /*
  * Common video utils
  */
diff --git a/memtrack/1.0/default/Memtrack.cpp b/memtrack/1.0/default/Memtrack.cpp
index 33a6906..0bbf83d 100644
--- a/memtrack/1.0/default/Memtrack.cpp
+++ b/memtrack/1.0/default/Memtrack.cpp
@@ -34,9 +34,7 @@
         mModule->init(mModule);
 }
 
-Memtrack::~Memtrack() {
-    delete(mModule);
-}
+Memtrack::~Memtrack() {}
 
 Return<void> Memtrack::getMemory(int32_t pid, MemtrackType type,
         getMemory_cb _hidl_cb)  {
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/types.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.0/types.hal
index ba9d068..1175a30 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/types.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/types.hal
@@ -261,8 +261,8 @@
      *      filter.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     *      the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
@@ -290,7 +290,8 @@
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
      *      the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
@@ -355,8 +356,8 @@
      *      specifying the filter.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     *      the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
@@ -384,8 +385,8 @@
      *      specifying the filter.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     *      the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
@@ -492,8 +493,6 @@
      *
      * Supported value tensor {@link OperandType}:
      * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
-     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
      *
      * Supported value tensor rank: from 2
      *
@@ -556,10 +555,10 @@
      *      of output nodes.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [num_units], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the bias should
-     *      also be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}. For input tensor
-     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, the bias should be
-     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0 and
-     *      bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      also be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
      *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
      *      invoke on the result.
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index ba9fb45..03af671 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -14,13 +14,30 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //
 
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    arch: {
+        x86: {
+            cflags: [ "-D_Float16=__fp16",
+                      "-Xclang", "-fnative-half-type",
+                      "-Xclang", "-fallow-half-arguments-and-returns" ],
+        },
+        x86_64: {
+            cflags: [ "-D_Float16=__fp16",
+                      "-Xclang", "-fnative-half-type",
+                      "-Xclang", "-fallow-half-arguments-and-returns" ],
+        },
+    },
+}
+
 cc_library_static {
     name: "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_0_utils",
     srcs: [
         "Callbacks.cpp",
         "Utils.cpp",
     ],
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     shared_libs: [
         "libfmq",
@@ -42,7 +59,7 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalNeuralnetworksV1_0TargetTest",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "BasicTests.cpp",
         "TestAssertions.cpp",
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
index 595ad85..ae1e3a2 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
@@ -42,10 +42,11 @@
 
 Model createModel(const TestModel& testModel) {
     // Model operands.
-    hidl_vec<Operand> operands(testModel.operands.size());
+    CHECK_EQ(testModel.referenced.size(), 0u);  // Not supported in 1.0.
+    hidl_vec<Operand> operands(testModel.main.operands.size());
     size_t constCopySize = 0, constRefSize = 0;
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.operands.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& op = testModel.operands[i];
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.operands.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[i];
 
         DataLocation loc = {};
         if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_COPY) {
@@ -70,9 +71,9 @@
     }
 
     // Model operations.
-    hidl_vec<Operation> operations(testModel.operations.size());
-    std::transform(testModel.operations.begin(), testModel.operations.end(), operations.begin(),
-                   [](const TestOperation& op) -> Operation {
+    hidl_vec<Operation> operations(testModel.main.operations.size());
+    std::transform(testModel.main.operations.begin(), testModel.main.operations.end(),
+                   operations.begin(), [](const TestOperation& op) -> Operation {
                        return {.type = static_cast<OperationType>(op.type),
                                .inputs = op.inputs,
                                .outputs = op.outputs};
@@ -80,8 +81,8 @@
 
     // Constant copies.
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> operandValues(constCopySize);
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.operands.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& op = testModel.operands[i];
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.operands.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[i];
         if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_COPY) {
             const uint8_t* begin = op.data.get<uint8_t>();
             const uint8_t* end = begin + op.data.size();
@@ -102,8 +103,8 @@
                 reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(mappedMemory->getPointer()));
         CHECK(mappedPtr != nullptr);
 
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.operands.size(); i++) {
-            const auto& op = testModel.operands[i];
+        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.operands.size(); i++) {
+            const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[i];
             if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_REFERENCE) {
                 const uint8_t* begin = op.data.get<uint8_t>();
                 const uint8_t* end = begin + op.data.size();
@@ -114,8 +115,8 @@
 
     return {.operands = std::move(operands),
             .operations = std::move(operations),
-            .inputIndexes = testModel.inputIndexes,
-            .outputIndexes = testModel.outputIndexes,
+            .inputIndexes = testModel.main.inputIndexes,
+            .outputIndexes = testModel.main.outputIndexes,
             .operandValues = std::move(operandValues),
             .pools = std::move(pools)};
 }
@@ -124,7 +125,9 @@
 // Test driver for those generated from ml/nn/runtime/test/spec
 void Execute(const sp<IDevice>& device, const TestModel& testModel) {
     const Model model = createModel(testModel);
-    const Request request = createRequest(testModel);
+
+    ExecutionContext context;
+    const Request request = context.createRequest(testModel);
 
     // Create IPreparedModel.
     sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel;
@@ -142,7 +145,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, executionCallback->getStatus());
 
     // Retrieve execution results.
-    const std::vector<TestBuffer> outputs = getOutputBuffers(request);
+    const std::vector<TestBuffer> outputs = context.getOutputBuffers(request);
 
     // We want "close-enough" results.
     checkResults(testModel, outputs);
@@ -157,6 +160,10 @@
     return TestModelManager::get().getTestModels(filter);
 }
 
+std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterNameFn& filter) {
+    return TestModelManager::get().getTestModels(filter);
+}
+
 std::string printGeneratedTest(const testing::TestParamInfo<GeneratedTestParam>& info) {
     const auto& [namedDevice, namedModel] = info.param;
     return gtestCompliantName(getName(namedDevice) + "_" + getName(namedModel));
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
index f230a02..1a55c2f 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@
 using FilterFn = std::function<bool(const test_helper::TestModel&)>;
 std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterFn& filter);
 
+using FilterNameFn = std::function<bool(const std::string&)>;
+std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterNameFn& filter);
+
 std::string printGeneratedTest(const testing::TestParamInfo<GeneratedTestParam>& info);
 
 #define INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(TestSuite, filter)                                     \
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Utils.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Utils.cpp
index 5b630fd..3613e69 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Utils.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Utils.cpp
@@ -21,10 +21,13 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware_buffer.h>
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
 #include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
+#include <vndk/hardware_buffer.h>
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <vector>
@@ -37,15 +40,69 @@
 using V1_0::Request;
 using V1_0::RequestArgument;
 
-constexpr uint32_t kInputPoolIndex = 0;
-constexpr uint32_t kOutputPoolIndex = 1;
+std::unique_ptr<TestAshmem> TestAshmem::create(uint32_t size) {
+    auto ashmem = std::make_unique<TestAshmem>(size);
+    return ashmem->mIsValid ? std::move(ashmem) : nullptr;
+}
 
-Request createRequest(const TestModel& testModel) {
+void TestAshmem::initialize(uint32_t size) {
+    mIsValid = false;
+    ASSERT_GT(size, 0);
+    mHidlMemory = nn::allocateSharedMemory(size);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mHidlMemory.valid());
+    mMappedMemory = mapMemory(mHidlMemory);
+    ASSERT_NE(mMappedMemory, nullptr);
+    mPtr = static_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(mMappedMemory->getPointer()));
+    ASSERT_NE(mPtr, nullptr);
+    mIsValid = true;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<TestBlobAHWB> TestBlobAHWB::create(uint32_t size) {
+    auto ahwb = std::make_unique<TestBlobAHWB>(size);
+    return ahwb->mIsValid ? std::move(ahwb) : nullptr;
+}
+
+void TestBlobAHWB::initialize(uint32_t size) {
+    mIsValid = false;
+    ASSERT_GT(size, 0);
+    const auto usage = AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN | AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_WRITE_OFTEN;
+    const AHardwareBuffer_Desc desc = {
+            .width = size,
+            .height = 1,
+            .layers = 1,
+            .format = AHARDWAREBUFFER_FORMAT_BLOB,
+            .usage = usage,
+            .stride = size,
+    };
+    ASSERT_EQ(AHardwareBuffer_allocate(&desc, &mAhwb), 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(mAhwb, nullptr);
+
+    void* buffer = nullptr;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AHardwareBuffer_lock(mAhwb, usage, -1, nullptr, &buffer), 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(buffer, nullptr);
+    mPtr = static_cast<uint8_t*>(buffer);
+
+    const native_handle_t* handle = AHardwareBuffer_getNativeHandle(mAhwb);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr);
+    mHidlMemory = hidl_memory("hardware_buffer_blob", handle, desc.width);
+    mIsValid = true;
+}
+
+TestBlobAHWB::~TestBlobAHWB() {
+    if (mAhwb) {
+        AHardwareBuffer_unlock(mAhwb, nullptr);
+        AHardwareBuffer_release(mAhwb);
+    }
+}
+
+Request ExecutionContext::createRequest(const TestModel& testModel, MemoryType memoryType) {
+    CHECK(memoryType == MemoryType::ASHMEM || memoryType == MemoryType::BLOB_AHWB);
+
     // Model inputs.
-    hidl_vec<RequestArgument> inputs(testModel.inputIndexes.size());
+    hidl_vec<RequestArgument> inputs(testModel.main.inputIndexes.size());
     size_t inputSize = 0;
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.inputIndexes.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& op = testModel.operands[testModel.inputIndexes[i]];
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.inputIndexes.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[testModel.main.inputIndexes[i]];
         if (op.data.size() == 0) {
             // Omitted input.
             inputs[i] = {.hasNoValue = true};
@@ -59,10 +116,10 @@
     }
 
     // Model outputs.
-    hidl_vec<RequestArgument> outputs(testModel.outputIndexes.size());
+    hidl_vec<RequestArgument> outputs(testModel.main.outputIndexes.size());
     size_t outputSize = 0;
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.outputIndexes.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& op = testModel.operands[testModel.outputIndexes[i]];
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.outputIndexes.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[testModel.main.outputIndexes[i]];
 
         // In the case of zero-sized output, we should at least provide a one-byte buffer.
         // This is because zero-sized tensors are only supported internally to the driver, or
@@ -80,18 +137,21 @@
     }
 
     // Allocate memory pools.
-    hidl_vec<hidl_memory> pools = {nn::allocateSharedMemory(inputSize),
-                                   nn::allocateSharedMemory(outputSize)};
-    CHECK_NE(pools[kInputPoolIndex].size(), 0u);
-    CHECK_NE(pools[kOutputPoolIndex].size(), 0u);
-    sp<IMemory> inputMemory = mapMemory(pools[kInputPoolIndex]);
-    CHECK(inputMemory.get() != nullptr);
-    uint8_t* inputPtr = static_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(inputMemory->getPointer()));
-    CHECK(inputPtr != nullptr);
+    if (memoryType == MemoryType::ASHMEM) {
+        mInputMemory = TestAshmem::create(inputSize);
+        mOutputMemory = TestAshmem::create(outputSize);
+    } else {
+        mInputMemory = TestBlobAHWB::create(inputSize);
+        mOutputMemory = TestBlobAHWB::create(outputSize);
+    }
+    EXPECT_NE(mInputMemory, nullptr);
+    EXPECT_NE(mOutputMemory, nullptr);
+    hidl_vec<hidl_memory> pools = {mInputMemory->getHidlMemory(), mOutputMemory->getHidlMemory()};
 
     // Copy input data to the memory pool.
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.inputIndexes.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& op = testModel.operands[testModel.inputIndexes[i]];
+    uint8_t* inputPtr = mInputMemory->getPointer();
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.inputIndexes.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[testModel.main.inputIndexes[i]];
         if (op.data.size() > 0) {
             const uint8_t* begin = op.data.get<uint8_t>();
             const uint8_t* end = begin + op.data.size();
@@ -102,18 +162,13 @@
     return {.inputs = std::move(inputs), .outputs = std::move(outputs), .pools = std::move(pools)};
 }
 
-std::vector<TestBuffer> getOutputBuffers(const Request& request) {
-    sp<IMemory> outputMemory = mapMemory(request.pools[kOutputPoolIndex]);
-    CHECK(outputMemory.get() != nullptr);
-    uint8_t* outputPtr = static_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(outputMemory->getPointer()));
-    CHECK(outputPtr != nullptr);
-
+std::vector<TestBuffer> ExecutionContext::getOutputBuffers(const Request& request) const {
     // Copy out output results.
+    uint8_t* outputPtr = mOutputMemory->getPointer();
     std::vector<TestBuffer> outputBuffers;
     for (const auto& output : request.outputs) {
         outputBuffers.emplace_back(output.location.length, outputPtr + output.location.offset);
     }
-
     return outputBuffers;
 }
 
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
index cc15263..79d8594 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 
 using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 
+using PrepareModelMutation = std::function<void(Model*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 static void validateGetSupportedOperations(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
@@ -54,12 +56,13 @@
 }
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid model, apply a
-// mutation to it to invalidate the model, then pass it to interface calls that
-// use the model. Note that the model here is passed by value, and any mutation
-// to the model does not leave this function.
-static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message, Model model,
-                     const std::function<void(Model*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&model);
+// mutation to invalidate the model, then pass these to supportedOperations and
+// prepareModel.
+static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
+                     const Model& originalModel, const PrepareModelMutation& mutate) {
+    Model model = originalModel;
+    mutate(&model);
+
     validateGetSupportedOperations(device, message, model);
     validatePrepareModel(device, message, model);
 }
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
index 05eefd1..0baa85b 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
@@ -24,15 +24,17 @@
 
 using implementation::ExecutionCallback;
 
+using ExecutionMutation = std::function<void(Request*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid request, apply a
 // mutation to it to invalidate the request, then pass it to interface calls
-// that use the request. Note that the request here is passed by value, and any
-// mutation to the request does not leave this function.
+// that use the request.
 static void validate(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const std::string& message,
-                     Request request, const std::function<void(Request*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&request);
+                     const Request& originalRequest, const ExecutionMutation& mutate) {
+    Request request = originalRequest;
+    mutate(&request);
     SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [execute]");
 
     sp<ExecutionCallback> executionCallback = new ExecutionCallback();
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
index cb22250..2c17796 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
@@ -129,11 +129,17 @@
 
 TEST_P(ValidationTest, Test) {
     const Model model = createModel(kTestModel);
-    const Request request = createRequest(kTestModel);
+    ExecutionContext context;
+    const Request request = context.createRequest(kTestModel);
     ASSERT_FALSE(kTestModel.expectFailure);
     validateEverything(kDevice, model, request);
 }
 
-INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(ValidationTest, [](const test_helper::TestModel&) { return true; });
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(ValidationTest, [](const std::string& testName) {
+    // Skip validation for the "inputs_as_internal" and "all_tensors_as_inputs"
+    // generated tests.
+    return testName.find("inputs_as_internal") == std::string::npos &&
+           testName.find("all_tensors_as_inputs") == std::string::npos;
+});
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_0::vts::functional
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/include/1.0/Utils.h b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/include/1.0/Utils.h
index 6d4534c..3292f79 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/include/1.0/Utils.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/include/1.0/Utils.h
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware_buffer.h>
+#include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <iosfwd>
 #include <string>
@@ -28,11 +30,73 @@
 
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks {
 
-// Create HIDL Request from the TestModel struct.
-V1_0::Request createRequest(const test_helper::TestModel& testModel);
+// Convenience class to manage the lifetime of memory resources.
+class TestMemoryBase {
+    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(TestMemoryBase);
 
-// After execution, copy out output results from the output memory pool.
-std::vector<::test_helper::TestBuffer> getOutputBuffers(const V1_0::Request& request);
+  public:
+    TestMemoryBase() = default;
+    virtual ~TestMemoryBase() = default;
+    uint8_t* getPointer() const { return mPtr; }
+    hidl_memory getHidlMemory() const { return mHidlMemory; }
+
+  protected:
+    uint8_t* mPtr = nullptr;
+    hidl_memory mHidlMemory;
+    bool mIsValid = false;
+};
+
+class TestAshmem : public TestMemoryBase {
+  public:
+    static std::unique_ptr<TestAshmem> create(uint32_t size);
+
+    // Prefer TestAshmem::create.
+    // The constructor calls initialize, which constructs the memory resources. This is a workaround
+    // that gtest macros cannot be used directly in a constructor.
+    TestAshmem(uint32_t size) { initialize(size); }
+
+  private:
+    void initialize(uint32_t size);
+    sp<hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory> mMappedMemory;
+};
+
+class TestBlobAHWB : public TestMemoryBase {
+  public:
+    static std::unique_ptr<TestBlobAHWB> create(uint32_t size);
+
+    // Prefer TestBlobAHWB::create.
+    // The constructor calls initialize, which constructs the memory resources. This is a
+    // workaround that gtest macros cannot be used directly in a constructor.
+    TestBlobAHWB(uint32_t size) { initialize(size); }
+    ~TestBlobAHWB();
+
+  private:
+    void initialize(uint32_t size);
+    AHardwareBuffer* mAhwb = nullptr;
+};
+
+enum class MemoryType { ASHMEM, BLOB_AHWB, DEVICE };
+
+// Manages the lifetime of memory resources used in an execution.
+class ExecutionContext {
+    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(ExecutionContext);
+
+  public:
+    static constexpr uint32_t kInputPoolIndex = 0;
+    static constexpr uint32_t kOutputPoolIndex = 1;
+
+    ExecutionContext() = default;
+
+    // Create HIDL Request from the TestModel struct.
+    V1_0::Request createRequest(const test_helper::TestModel& testModel,
+                                MemoryType memoryType = MemoryType::ASHMEM);
+
+    // After execution, copy out output results from the output memory pool.
+    std::vector<test_helper::TestBuffer> getOutputBuffers(const V1_0::Request& request) const;
+
+  private:
+    std::unique_ptr<TestMemoryBase> mInputMemory, mOutputMemory;
+};
 
 // Delete element from hidl_vec. hidl_vec doesn't support a "remove" operation,
 // so this is efficiently accomplished by moving the element to the end and
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.1/types.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.1/types.hal
index 3d78fb6..da7ba78 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.1/types.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.1/types.hal
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
      * Outputs:
      * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
      *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
-     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be same as input0.
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
      */
     MEAN = 31,
 
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 69e1761..9ba1925 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalNeuralnetworksV1_1TargetTest",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "BasicTests.cpp",
         "TestAssertions.cpp",
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
index 7a929d6..a233835 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
@@ -49,10 +49,11 @@
 
 Model createModel(const TestModel& testModel) {
     // Model operands.
-    hidl_vec<Operand> operands(testModel.operands.size());
+    CHECK_EQ(testModel.referenced.size(), 0u);  // Not supported in 1.1.
+    hidl_vec<Operand> operands(testModel.main.operands.size());
     size_t constCopySize = 0, constRefSize = 0;
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.operands.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& op = testModel.operands[i];
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.operands.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[i];
 
         DataLocation loc = {};
         if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_COPY) {
@@ -77,9 +78,9 @@
     }
 
     // Model operations.
-    hidl_vec<Operation> operations(testModel.operations.size());
-    std::transform(testModel.operations.begin(), testModel.operations.end(), operations.begin(),
-                   [](const TestOperation& op) -> Operation {
+    hidl_vec<Operation> operations(testModel.main.operations.size());
+    std::transform(testModel.main.operations.begin(), testModel.main.operations.end(),
+                   operations.begin(), [](const TestOperation& op) -> Operation {
                        return {.type = static_cast<OperationType>(op.type),
                                .inputs = op.inputs,
                                .outputs = op.outputs};
@@ -87,8 +88,8 @@
 
     // Constant copies.
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> operandValues(constCopySize);
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.operands.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& op = testModel.operands[i];
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.operands.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[i];
         if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_COPY) {
             const uint8_t* begin = op.data.get<uint8_t>();
             const uint8_t* end = begin + op.data.size();
@@ -109,8 +110,8 @@
                 reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(mappedMemory->getPointer()));
         CHECK(mappedPtr != nullptr);
 
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.operands.size(); i++) {
-            const auto& op = testModel.operands[i];
+        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.operands.size(); i++) {
+            const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[i];
             if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_REFERENCE) {
                 const uint8_t* begin = op.data.get<uint8_t>();
                 const uint8_t* end = begin + op.data.size();
@@ -121,8 +122,8 @@
 
     return {.operands = std::move(operands),
             .operations = std::move(operations),
-            .inputIndexes = testModel.inputIndexes,
-            .outputIndexes = testModel.outputIndexes,
+            .inputIndexes = testModel.main.inputIndexes,
+            .outputIndexes = testModel.main.outputIndexes,
             .operandValues = std::move(operandValues),
             .pools = std::move(pools),
             .relaxComputationFloat32toFloat16 = testModel.isRelaxed};
@@ -132,7 +133,9 @@
 // Test driver for those generated from ml/nn/runtime/test/spec
 void Execute(const sp<IDevice>& device, const TestModel& testModel) {
     const Model model = createModel(testModel);
-    const Request request = createRequest(testModel);
+
+    ExecutionContext context;
+    const Request request = context.createRequest(testModel);
 
     // Create IPreparedModel.
     sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel;
@@ -150,7 +153,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, executionCallback->getStatus());
 
     // Retrieve execution results.
-    const std::vector<TestBuffer> outputs = getOutputBuffers(request);
+    const std::vector<TestBuffer> outputs = context.getOutputBuffers(request);
 
     // We want "close-enough" results.
     checkResults(testModel, outputs);
@@ -165,6 +168,10 @@
     return TestModelManager::get().getTestModels(filter);
 }
 
+std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterNameFn& filter) {
+    return TestModelManager::get().getTestModels(filter);
+}
+
 std::string printGeneratedTest(const testing::TestParamInfo<GeneratedTestParam>& info) {
     const auto& [namedDevice, namedModel] = info.param;
     return gtestCompliantName(getName(namedDevice) + "_" + getName(namedModel));
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
index cf449ea..4b1a96e 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@
 using FilterFn = std::function<bool(const test_helper::TestModel&)>;
 std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterFn& filter);
 
+using FilterNameFn = std::function<bool(const std::string&)>;
+std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterNameFn& filter);
+
 std::string printGeneratedTest(const testing::TestParamInfo<GeneratedTestParam>& info);
 
 #define INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(TestSuite, filter)                                     \
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
index 0629a1e..3b6f0f8 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 using V1_0::OperandType;
 using V1_0::implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 
+using PrepareModelMutation = std::function<void(Model*, ExecutionPreference*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 static void validateGetSupportedOperations(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
@@ -67,16 +69,19 @@
 }
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid model, apply a
-// mutation to it to invalidate the model, then pass it to interface calls that
-// use the model. Note that the model here is passed by value, and any mutation
-// to the model does not leave this function.
-static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message, Model model,
-                     const std::function<void(Model*)>& mutation,
-                     ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER) {
-    mutation(&model);
+// mutation to invalidate either the model or the execution preference, then
+// pass these to supportedOperations and/or prepareModel if that method is
+// called with an invalid argument.
+static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
+                     const Model& originalModel, const PrepareModelMutation& mutate) {
+    Model model = originalModel;
+    ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER;
+    mutate(&model, &preference);
+
     if (validExecutionPreference(preference)) {
         validateGetSupportedOperations(device, message, model);
     }
+
     validatePrepareModel(device, message, model, preference);
 }
 
@@ -115,9 +120,11 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperandType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                model->operands[operand].type = static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operands[operand].type =
+                                 static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -144,9 +151,10 @@
         const uint32_t invalidRank = getInvalidRank(model.operands[operand].type);
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandRankTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has rank of " + std::to_string(invalidRank);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidRank](Model* model) {
-            model->operands[operand].dimensions = std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operand, invalidRank](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                     model->operands[operand].dimensions = std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -173,9 +181,10 @@
         const float invalidScale = getInvalidScale(model.operands[operand].type);
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandScaleTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has scale of " + std::to_string(invalidScale);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidScale](Model* model) {
-            model->operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operand, invalidScale](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                     model->operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -204,9 +213,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandZeroPointTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " has zero point of " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidZeroPoint);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model) {
-                model->operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -282,9 +292,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to type " +
                                         toString(invalidOperandType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                mutateOperand(&model->operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         mutateOperand(&model->operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -304,10 +315,11 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationTypeTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperationType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].type =
-                        static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operations[operation].type =
+                                 static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -321,9 +333,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationInputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -337,9 +350,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOutputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -372,7 +386,7 @@
     for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
         const std::string message = "removeOperandTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand);
         validate(device, message, model,
-                 [operand](Model* model) { removeOperand(model, operand); });
+                 [operand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) { removeOperand(model, operand); });
     }
 }
 
@@ -388,8 +402,9 @@
 static void removeOperationTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
     for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message = "removeOperationTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model,
-                 [operation](Model* model) { removeOperation(model, operation); });
+        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+            removeOperation(model, operation);
+        });
     }
 }
 
@@ -409,11 +424,12 @@
             const std::string message = "removeOperationInputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, input](Model* model) {
-                uint32_t operand = model->operations[operation].inputs[input];
-                model->operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].inputs, input);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, input](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         uint32_t operand = model->operations[operation].inputs[input];
+                         model->operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
+                         hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].inputs, input);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -426,9 +442,10 @@
             const std::string message = "removeOperationOutputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, output](Model* model) {
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].outputs, output);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, output](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].outputs, output);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -444,7 +461,7 @@
 static void addOperationInputTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
     for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message = "addOperationInputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
+        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
             uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::MODEL_INPUT);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operations[operation].inputs, index);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->inputIndexes, index);
@@ -458,7 +475,7 @@
     for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message =
                 "addOperationOutputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
+        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
             uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::MODEL_OUTPUT);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operations[operation].outputs, index);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->outputIndexes, index);
@@ -474,12 +491,13 @@
 };
 
 static void mutateExecutionPreferenceTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (int32_t preference : invalidExecutionPreferences) {
+    for (int32_t invalidPreference : invalidExecutionPreferences) {
         const std::string message =
-                "mutateExecutionPreferenceTest: preference " + std::to_string(preference);
-        validate(
-                device, message, model, [](Model*) {},
-                static_cast<ExecutionPreference>(preference));
+                "mutateExecutionPreferenceTest: preference " + std::to_string(invalidPreference);
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [invalidPreference](Model*, ExecutionPreference* preference) {
+                     *preference = static_cast<ExecutionPreference>(invalidPreference);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
index 9684eb2..2914335 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
@@ -28,15 +28,17 @@
 using V1_0::Request;
 using V1_0::implementation::ExecutionCallback;
 
+using ExecutionMutation = std::function<void(Request*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid request, apply a
 // mutation to it to invalidate the request, then pass it to interface calls
-// that use the request. Note that the request here is passed by value, and any
-// mutation to the request does not leave this function.
+// that use the request.
 static void validate(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const std::string& message,
-                     Request request, const std::function<void(Request*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&request);
+                     const Request& originalRequest, const ExecutionMutation& mutate) {
+    Request request = originalRequest;
+    mutate(&request);
     SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [execute]");
 
     sp<ExecutionCallback> executionCallback = new ExecutionCallback();
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
index d56d40b..54e8802 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
@@ -132,11 +132,17 @@
 
 TEST_P(ValidationTest, Test) {
     const Model model = createModel(kTestModel);
-    const Request request = createRequest(kTestModel);
+    ExecutionContext context;
+    const Request request = context.createRequest(kTestModel);
     ASSERT_FALSE(kTestModel.expectFailure);
     validateEverything(kDevice, model, request);
 }
 
-INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(ValidationTest, [](const test_helper::TestModel&) { return true; });
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(ValidationTest, [](const std::string& testName) {
+    // Skip validation for the "inputs_as_internal" and "all_tensors_as_inputs"
+    // generated tests.
+    return testName.find("inputs_as_internal") == std::string::npos &&
+           testName.find("all_tensors_as_inputs") == std::string::npos;
+});
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_1::vts::functional
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/types.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.2/types.hal
index 837ced5..f0fd769 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/types.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/types.hal
@@ -375,8 +375,8 @@
      *      must be set to 0.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
@@ -425,7 +425,8 @@
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
      *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
@@ -523,8 +524,8 @@
      *      must be set to 3.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
@@ -569,8 +570,8 @@
      *      specifying the filter.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
@@ -705,8 +706,8 @@
      *
      * Supported value tensor {@link OperandType}:
      * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
-     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
      *
      * Supported value tensor rank: from 2
      *
@@ -772,10 +773,10 @@
      *      of output nodes.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [num_units], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the bias should
-     *      also be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}. For input tensor
-     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, the bias should be
-     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0 and
-     *      bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      also be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
      *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
      *      invoke on the result.
@@ -1954,7 +1955,7 @@
      * Outputs:
      * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
      *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
-     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be same as input0.
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
      */
     MEAN = @1.1::OperationType:MEAN,
 
@@ -2313,7 +2314,38 @@
     AXIS_ALIGNED_BBOX_TRANSFORM = 41,
 
     /**
-     * Performs a forward LSTM on the input followed by a backward LSTM.
+     * A recurrent neural network layer that applies an LSTM cell to a
+     * sequence of inputs in forward and backward directions.
+     *
+     * The op supports cross-linking via an auxiliary input. Regular cell feeds
+     * one input into the two RNN cells in the following way:
+     *
+     *       INPUT  (INPUT_REVERSED)
+     *         |         |
+     *    ---------------------
+     *    | FW_LSTM   BW_LSTM |
+     *    ---------------------
+     *         |         |
+     *      FW_OUT     BW_OUT
+     *
+     * An op with cross-linking takes two inputs and feeds them into the RNN
+     * cells in the following way:
+     *
+     *       AUX_INPUT   (AUX_INPUT_REVERSED)
+     *           |             |
+     *     INPUT | (INPUT_R'D.)|
+     *       |   |       |     |
+     *    -----------------------
+     *    |  \  /        \    / |
+     *    | FW_LSTM     BW_LSTM |
+     *    -----------------------
+     *         |           |
+     *      FW_OUT      BW_OUT
+     *
+     * The cross-linking mode is enabled iff auxiliary input and auxiliary
+     * weights are present. While stacking this op on top of itself, this
+     * allows to connect both forward and backward outputs from previous cell
+     * to the next cell's input.
      *
      * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
      * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
@@ -2323,7 +2355,6 @@
      *
      * All input and output tensors must be of the same type.
      *
-     *
      * Inputs:
      * * 0: The input.
      *      A 3-D tensor of shape:
@@ -2448,15 +2479,17 @@
      *       then clipping is disabled.
      *       If all the input tensors have type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
      *       this scalar must be of the type {@link OperandType::FLOAT32},
-     *       otherwise if all the input tensors have the type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16},
-     *       this scalar must be of type {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *       otherwise if all the input tensors have the type
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, this scalar must be
+     *       of type {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
      * * 50: The clipping threshold for the output from the
      *       projection layer, such that values are bound within
      *       [-proj_clip, proj_clip]. If set to 0.0 then clipping is disabled.
      *       If all the input tensors have type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
      *       this scalar must be of the type {@link OperandType::FLOAT32},
-     *       otherwise if all the input tensors have the type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16},
-     *       this scalar must be of type {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *       otherwise if all the input tensors have the type
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, this scalar must be
+     *       of type {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
      * * 51: merge_outputs
      *       An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar specifying if the outputs
      *       from forward and backward cells should be merged.
@@ -2530,8 +2563,8 @@
      * * “activation” is the function passed as the “fused_activation_function”
      *   argument (if not “NONE”).
      *
-     * The op also supports an auxiliary input. Regular cell feeds one input
-     * into the two RNN cells in the following way:
+     * The op supports cross-linking via an auxiliary input. Regular cell feeds
+     * one input into the two RNN cells in the following way:
      *
      *       INPUT  (INPUT_REVERSED)
      *         |         |
@@ -2541,8 +2574,8 @@
      *         |         |
      *      FW_OUT     BW_OUT
      *
-     * An op with an auxiliary input takes two inputs and feeds them into the
-     * RNN cells in the following way:
+     * An op with cross-linking takes two inputs and feeds them into the RNN
+     * cells in the following way:
      *
      *       AUX_INPUT   (AUX_INPUT_REVERSED)
      *           |             |
@@ -2555,9 +2588,10 @@
      *         |           |
      *      FW_OUT      BW_OUT
      *
-     * While stacking this op on top of itself, this allows to connect both
-     * forward and backward outputs from previous cell to the next cell's
-     * inputs.
+     * The cross-linking mode is enabled iff auxiliary input and auxiliary
+     * weights are present. While stacking this op on top of itself, this
+     * allows to connect both forward and backward outputs from previous cell
+     * to the next cell's input.
      *
      * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
      * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
@@ -2657,7 +2691,8 @@
      *      order of the boxes corresponds with input0. For input0 of type
      *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, this tensor should be of
      *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, with zeroPoint of 0 and
-     *      scale of 0.125. Zero num_rois is supported for this tensor.
+     *      scale of 0.125.
+     *      Zero num_rois is supported for this tensor.
      * * 2: A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
      *      [num_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes with
      *      the same batch index are grouped together.
@@ -2684,6 +2719,7 @@
      *      [num_output_rois], specifying the score of each output box. The boxes
      *      are grouped by batches, but the sequential order in each batch is not
      *      guaranteed. For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      guaranteed. For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
      *      the scale and zero point must be the same as input0.
      * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input1, with shape
      *      [num_output_rois, 4], specifying the coordinates of each
@@ -2701,7 +2737,7 @@
     BOX_WITH_NMS_LIMIT = 44,
 
     /**
-     * Casts a tensor to a new type.
+     * Casts a tensor to a type.
      *
      * This operation ignores the scale and zeroPoint of quanized tensors,
      * e.g. it treats a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} input
@@ -3139,8 +3175,8 @@
      *      {@link SymmPerChannelQuantParams}) must be set to 0.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
-     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale. For filter tensor
      *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}, the bias
@@ -3160,7 +3196,7 @@
      * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
      *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
      * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
-            groups.
+     *      groups.
      * * 10: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
      *       {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
      *       invoke on the result.
@@ -3179,7 +3215,8 @@
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
      *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale. For filter tensor
      *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}, the bias
@@ -3659,21 +3696,24 @@
      * Outputs:
      * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
      *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
-     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be diffent from the input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     *      the scales and zeroPoint can be different from input0 scale and zeroPoint.
      */
     PRELU = 71,
 
     /**
      * Quantizes the input tensor.
      *
-     * The formula is:
+     * The formula for {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} output tensor is:
      *
      *     output = max(0, min(255, round(input / scale) + zeroPoint)
      *
-     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * Supported input tensor {@link OperandType}:
      * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
      * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
      *
+     * Supported output tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *
      * Supported tensor rank: from 1
      *
      * Inputs:
@@ -4124,7 +4164,6 @@
      * * 0: A tensor of the same type and shape as input1 and input2.
      *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
      *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
-     *
      */
     SELECT = 84,
 
@@ -4324,15 +4363,15 @@
      *      dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim) must be set to 0.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
-     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias should be of the
-     *      same type. For input tensor of type
-     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, the bias should be
-     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0 and
-     *      bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale. For filter tensor of
-     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}, the bias
-     *      must be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of
-     *      0 and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal
-     *      to bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the
+     *      same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias must be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
      *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
      * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
@@ -4362,14 +4401,14 @@
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
      *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias should be of the
-     *      same type. For input tensor of type
-     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, the bias should be
-     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0 and
-     *      bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale. For filter tensor of
-     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}, the bias
-     *      must be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of
-     *      0 and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal
-     *      to bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     *      same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias must be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, specifying the output
      *      tensor shape.
      * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
index fc727b7..7c1faee 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 cc_library_static {
     name: "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_2Callbacks",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     srcs: [
         "Callbacks.cpp",
@@ -28,20 +28,20 @@
     ],
     header_libs: [
         "libbase_headers",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalNeuralnetworksV1_2TargetTest",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "BasicTests.cpp",
         "CompilationCachingTests.cpp",
         "GeneratedTestHarness.cpp",
         "TestAssertions.cpp",
+        "ValidateBurst.cpp",
         "ValidateModel.cpp",
         "ValidateRequest.cpp",
-        "ValidateBurst.cpp",
         "VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp",
     ],
     local_include_dirs: ["include"],
@@ -50,18 +50,17 @@
         "libnativewindow",
     ],
     static_libs: [
+        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_0_utils",
+        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_2Callbacks",
         "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0",
         "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.1",
         "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3",
         "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
         "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
         "libgmock",
         "libhidlmemory",
         "libneuralnetworks_generated_test_harness",
         "libneuralnetworks_utils",
-        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_0_utils",
-        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_2Callbacks",
     ],
     whole_static_libs: [
         "neuralnetworks_generated_V1_0_example",
@@ -71,5 +70,8 @@
     header_libs: [
         "libneuralnetworks_headers",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/BasicTests.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/BasicTests.cpp
index 8e82c53..58d3c4a 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/BasicTests.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/BasicTests.cpp
@@ -79,6 +79,18 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
+// device name test
+TEST_P(NeuralnetworksHidlTest, GetDeviceNameTest) {
+    const std::string deviceName = getName(GetParam());
+    auto pos = deviceName.find('-');
+    EXPECT_NE(pos, std::string::npos);
+    // The separator should not be the first or last character.
+    EXPECT_NE(pos, 0);
+    EXPECT_NE(pos, deviceName.length() - 1);
+    // There should only be 1 separator.
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::string::npos, deviceName.find('-', pos + 1));
+}
+
 // device supported extensions test
 TEST_P(NeuralnetworksHidlTest, GetDeviceSupportedExtensionsTest) {
     Return<void> ret = kDevice->getSupportedExtensions(
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp
index 2130a76..449b8f3 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp
@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
 #include "MemoryUtils.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
-#include "Utils.h"
 #include "VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h"
 
 // Forward declaration of the mobilenet generated test models in
@@ -207,10 +206,10 @@
     };
 
     return {
-            .operands = std::move(operands),
-            .operations = std::move(operations),
-            .inputIndexes = {1},
-            .outputIndexes = {len * 2 + 1},
+            .main = {.operands = std::move(operands),
+                     .operations = std::move(operations),
+                     .inputIndexes = {1},
+                     .outputIndexes = {len * 2 + 1}},
             .isRelaxed = false,
     };
 }
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
index aacb385..35275b4 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
@@ -29,20 +29,20 @@
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
 
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <numeric>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "1.0/Utils.h"
 #include "1.2/Callbacks.h"
 #include "ExecutionBurstController.h"
 #include "MemoryUtils.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
-#include "Utils.h"
 #include "VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h"
 
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_2::vts::functional {
@@ -58,14 +58,28 @@
 using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
 using HidlToken = hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
 
+namespace {
+
+enum class Executor { ASYNC, SYNC, BURST };
+
 enum class OutputType { FULLY_SPECIFIED, UNSPECIFIED, INSUFFICIENT };
 
+struct TestConfig {
+    Executor executor;
+    MeasureTiming measureTiming;
+    OutputType outputType;
+    MemoryType memoryType;
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
 Model createModel(const TestModel& testModel) {
     // Model operands.
-    hidl_vec<Operand> operands(testModel.operands.size());
+    CHECK_EQ(testModel.referenced.size(), 0u);  // Not supported in 1.1.
+    hidl_vec<Operand> operands(testModel.main.operands.size());
     size_t constCopySize = 0, constRefSize = 0;
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.operands.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& op = testModel.operands[i];
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.operands.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[i];
 
         DataLocation loc = {};
         if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_COPY) {
@@ -97,9 +111,9 @@
     }
 
     // Model operations.
-    hidl_vec<Operation> operations(testModel.operations.size());
-    std::transform(testModel.operations.begin(), testModel.operations.end(), operations.begin(),
-                   [](const TestOperation& op) -> Operation {
+    hidl_vec<Operation> operations(testModel.main.operations.size());
+    std::transform(testModel.main.operations.begin(), testModel.main.operations.end(),
+                   operations.begin(), [](const TestOperation& op) -> Operation {
                        return {.type = static_cast<OperationType>(op.type),
                                .inputs = op.inputs,
                                .outputs = op.outputs};
@@ -107,8 +121,8 @@
 
     // Constant copies.
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> operandValues(constCopySize);
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.operands.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& op = testModel.operands[i];
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.operands.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[i];
         if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_COPY) {
             const uint8_t* begin = op.data.get<uint8_t>();
             const uint8_t* end = begin + op.data.size();
@@ -129,8 +143,8 @@
                 reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(mappedMemory->getPointer()));
         CHECK(mappedPtr != nullptr);
 
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.operands.size(); i++) {
-            const auto& op = testModel.operands[i];
+        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.operands.size(); i++) {
+            const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[i];
             if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_REFERENCE) {
                 const uint8_t* begin = op.data.get<uint8_t>();
                 const uint8_t* end = begin + op.data.size();
@@ -141,15 +155,15 @@
 
     return {.operands = std::move(operands),
             .operations = std::move(operations),
-            .inputIndexes = testModel.inputIndexes,
-            .outputIndexes = testModel.outputIndexes,
+            .inputIndexes = testModel.main.inputIndexes,
+            .outputIndexes = testModel.main.outputIndexes,
             .operandValues = std::move(operandValues),
             .pools = std::move(pools),
             .relaxComputationFloat32toFloat16 = testModel.isRelaxed};
 }
 
 static bool isOutputSizeGreaterThanOne(const TestModel& testModel, uint32_t index) {
-    const auto byteSize = testModel.operands[testModel.outputIndexes[index]].data.size();
+    const auto byteSize = testModel.main.operands[testModel.main.outputIndexes[index]].data.size();
     return byteSize > 1u;
 }
 
@@ -194,31 +208,32 @@
     return android::nn::ExecutionBurstController::create(preparedModel,
                                                          std::chrono::microseconds{0});
 }
-enum class Executor { ASYNC, SYNC, BURST };
 
 void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const TestModel& testModel,
-                           Executor executor, MeasureTiming measure, OutputType outputType) {
+                           const TestConfig& testConfig) {
     // If output0 does not have size larger than one byte, we can not test with insufficient buffer.
-    if (outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT && !isOutputSizeGreaterThanOne(testModel, 0)) {
+    if (testConfig.outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT &&
+        !isOutputSizeGreaterThanOne(testModel, 0)) {
         return;
     }
 
-    Request request = createRequest(testModel);
-    if (outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT) {
+    ExecutionContext context;
+    Request request = context.createRequest(testModel, testConfig.memoryType);
+    if (testConfig.outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT) {
         makeOutputInsufficientSize(/*outputIndex=*/0, &request);
     }
 
     ErrorStatus executionStatus;
     hidl_vec<OutputShape> outputShapes;
     Timing timing;
-    switch (executor) {
+    switch (testConfig.executor) {
         case Executor::ASYNC: {
             SCOPED_TRACE("asynchronous");
 
             // launch execution
             sp<ExecutionCallback> executionCallback = new ExecutionCallback();
-            Return<ErrorStatus> executionLaunchStatus =
-                    ExecutePreparedModel(preparedModel, request, measure, executionCallback);
+            Return<ErrorStatus> executionLaunchStatus = ExecutePreparedModel(
+                    preparedModel, request, testConfig.measureTiming, executionCallback);
             ASSERT_TRUE(executionLaunchStatus.isOk());
             EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(executionLaunchStatus));
 
@@ -234,8 +249,8 @@
             SCOPED_TRACE("synchronous");
 
             // execute
-            Return<ErrorStatus> executionReturnStatus =
-                    ExecutePreparedModel(preparedModel, request, measure, &outputShapes, &timing);
+            Return<ErrorStatus> executionReturnStatus = ExecutePreparedModel(
+                    preparedModel, request, testConfig.measureTiming, &outputShapes, &timing);
             ASSERT_TRUE(executionReturnStatus.isOk());
             executionStatus = static_cast<ErrorStatus>(executionReturnStatus);
 
@@ -258,14 +273,14 @@
             // execute burst
             int n;
             std::tie(n, outputShapes, timing, std::ignore) =
-                    controller->compute(request, measure, keys);
-            executionStatus = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(n);
+                    controller->compute(request, testConfig.measureTiming, keys);
+            executionStatus = nn::legacyConvertResultCodeToErrorStatus(n);
 
             break;
         }
     }
 
-    if (outputType != OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED &&
+    if (testConfig.outputType != OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED &&
         executionStatus == ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE) {
         LOG(INFO) << "NN VTS: Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
                      "execute model that it does not support.";
@@ -274,7 +289,7 @@
                   << std::endl;
         GTEST_SKIP();
     }
-    if (measure == MeasureTiming::NO) {
+    if (testConfig.measureTiming == MeasureTiming::NO) {
         EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeOnDevice);
         EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeInDriver);
     } else {
@@ -283,23 +298,23 @@
         }
     }
 
-    switch (outputType) {
+    switch (testConfig.outputType) {
         case OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED:
             // If the model output operands are fully specified, outputShapes must be either
             // either empty, or have the same number of elements as the number of outputs.
             ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, executionStatus);
             ASSERT_TRUE(outputShapes.size() == 0 ||
-                        outputShapes.size() == testModel.outputIndexes.size());
+                        outputShapes.size() == testModel.main.outputIndexes.size());
             break;
         case OutputType::UNSPECIFIED:
             // If the model output operands are not fully specified, outputShapes must have
             // the same number of elements as the number of outputs.
             ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, executionStatus);
-            ASSERT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), testModel.outputIndexes.size());
+            ASSERT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), testModel.main.outputIndexes.size());
             break;
         case OutputType::INSUFFICIENT:
             ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE, executionStatus);
-            ASSERT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), testModel.outputIndexes.size());
+            ASSERT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), testModel.main.outputIndexes.size());
             ASSERT_FALSE(outputShapes[0].isSufficient);
             return;
     }
@@ -307,13 +322,13 @@
     // Go through all outputs, check returned output shapes.
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < outputShapes.size(); i++) {
         EXPECT_TRUE(outputShapes[i].isSufficient);
-        const auto& expect = testModel.operands[testModel.outputIndexes[i]].dimensions;
+        const auto& expect = testModel.main.operands[testModel.main.outputIndexes[i]].dimensions;
         const std::vector<uint32_t> actual = outputShapes[i].dimensions;
         EXPECT_EQ(expect, actual);
     }
 
     // Retrieve execution results.
-    const std::vector<TestBuffer> outputs = getOutputBuffers(request);
+    const std::vector<TestBuffer> outputs = context.getOutputBuffers(request);
 
     // We want "close-enough" results.
     checkResults(testModel, outputs);
@@ -321,44 +336,35 @@
 
 void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const TestModel& testModel,
                            bool testDynamicOutputShape) {
+    std::vector<OutputType> outputTypesList;
+    std::vector<MeasureTiming> measureTimingList;
+    std::vector<Executor> executorList;
+    std::vector<MemoryType> memoryTypeList;
+
     if (testDynamicOutputShape) {
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
+        outputTypesList = {OutputType::UNSPECIFIED, OutputType::INSUFFICIENT};
+        measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+        executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::BURST};
+        memoryTypeList = {MemoryType::ASHMEM};
     } else {
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
+        outputTypesList = {OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED};
+        measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+        executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::BURST};
+        memoryTypeList = {MemoryType::ASHMEM, MemoryType::BLOB_AHWB};
+    }
+
+    for (const OutputType outputType : outputTypesList) {
+        for (const MeasureTiming measureTiming : measureTimingList) {
+            for (const Executor executor : executorList) {
+                for (const MemoryType memoryType : memoryTypeList) {
+                    const TestConfig testConfig = {.executor = executor,
+                                                   .measureTiming = measureTiming,
+                                                   .outputType = outputType,
+                                                   .memoryType = memoryType};
+                    EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, testConfig);
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -384,6 +390,10 @@
     return TestModelManager::get().getTestModels(filter);
 }
 
+std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterNameFn& filter) {
+    return TestModelManager::get().getTestModels(filter);
+}
+
 std::string printGeneratedTest(const testing::TestParamInfo<GeneratedTestParam>& info) {
     const auto& [namedDevice, namedModel] = info.param;
     return gtestCompliantName(getName(namedDevice) + "_" + getName(namedModel));
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
index dfc980c..98295ff 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@
 using FilterFn = std::function<bool(const test_helper::TestModel&)>;
 std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterFn& filter);
 
+using FilterNameFn = std::function<bool(const std::string&)>;
+std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterNameFn& filter);
+
 std::string printGeneratedTest(const testing::TestParamInfo<GeneratedTestParam>& info);
 
 #define INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(TestSuite, filter)                                     \
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
index 416744f..4476266 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 #include "ExecutionBurstServer.h"
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
-#include "Utils.h"
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <chrono>
@@ -38,6 +37,8 @@
 using V1_0::Request;
 using ExecutionBurstCallback = ExecutionBurstController::ExecutionBurstCallback;
 
+using BurstExecutionMutation = std::function<void(std::vector<FmqRequestDatum>*)>;
+
 // This constant value represents the length of an FMQ that is large enough to
 // return a result from a burst execution for all of the generated test cases.
 constexpr size_t kExecutionBurstChannelLength = 1024;
@@ -116,13 +117,13 @@
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid serialized
 // request, apply a mutation to it to invalidate the serialized request, then
-// pass it to interface calls that use the serialized request. Note that the
-// serialized request here is passed by value, and any mutation to the
-// serialized request does not leave this function.
+// pass it to interface calls that use the serialized request.
 static void validate(RequestChannelSender* sender, ResultChannelReceiver* receiver,
-                     const std::string& message, std::vector<FmqRequestDatum> serialized,
-                     const std::function<void(std::vector<FmqRequestDatum>*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&serialized);
+                     const std::string& message,
+                     const std::vector<FmqRequestDatum>& originalSerialized,
+                     const BurstExecutionMutation& mutate) {
+    std::vector<FmqRequestDatum> serialized = originalSerialized;
+    mutate(&serialized);
 
     // skip if packet is too large to send
     if (serialized.size() > kExecutionBurstChannelLength) {
@@ -296,7 +297,7 @@
     // collect serialized result by running regular burst
     const auto [nRegular, outputShapesRegular, timingRegular, fallbackRegular] =
             controllerRegular->compute(request, MeasureTiming::NO, keys);
-    const ErrorStatus statusRegular = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nRegular);
+    const ErrorStatus statusRegular = nn::legacyConvertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nRegular);
     EXPECT_FALSE(fallbackRegular);
 
     // skip test if regular burst output isn't useful for testing a failure
@@ -312,7 +313,7 @@
     // large enough to return the serialized result
     const auto [nSmall, outputShapesSmall, timingSmall, fallbackSmall] =
             controllerSmall->compute(request, MeasureTiming::NO, keys);
-    const ErrorStatus statusSmall = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nSmall);
+    const ErrorStatus statusSmall = nn::legacyConvertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nSmall);
     EXPECT_NE(ErrorStatus::NONE, statusSmall);
     EXPECT_EQ(0u, outputShapesSmall.size());
     EXPECT_TRUE(badTiming(timingSmall));
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
index a14b86b..e9fc6e9 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
 using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
 using HidlToken = hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
 
+using PrepareModelMutation = std::function<void(Model*, ExecutionPreference*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 static void validateGetSupportedOperations(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
@@ -67,16 +69,19 @@
 }
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid model, apply a
-// mutation to it to invalidate the model, then pass it to interface calls that
-// use the model. Note that the model here is passed by value, and any mutation
-// to the model does not leave this function.
-static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message, Model model,
-                     const std::function<void(Model*)>& mutation,
-                     ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER) {
-    mutation(&model);
+// mutation to invalidate either the model or the execution preference, then
+// pass these to supportedOperations and/or prepareModel if that method is
+// called with an invalid argument.
+static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
+                     const Model& originalModel, const PrepareModelMutation& mutate) {
+    Model model = originalModel;
+    ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER;
+    mutate(&model, &preference);
+
     if (validExecutionPreference(preference)) {
         validateGetSupportedOperations(device, message, model);
     }
+
     validatePrepareModel(device, message, model, preference);
 }
 
@@ -115,9 +120,11 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperandType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                model->operands[operand].type = static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operands[operand].type =
+                                 static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -155,9 +162,10 @@
         }
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandRankTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has rank of " + std::to_string(invalidRank);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidRank](Model* model) {
-            model->operands[operand].dimensions = std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operand, invalidRank](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                     model->operands[operand].dimensions = std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -192,9 +200,10 @@
         const float invalidScale = getInvalidScale(model.operands[operand].type);
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandScaleTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has scale of " + std::to_string(invalidScale);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidScale](Model* model) {
-            model->operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operand, invalidScale](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                     model->operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -234,9 +243,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandZeroPointTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " has zero point of " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidZeroPoint);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model) {
-                model->operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -386,9 +396,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to type " +
                                         toString(invalidOperandType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                mutateOperand(&model->operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         mutateOperand(&model->operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -407,10 +418,11 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationTypeTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperationType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].type =
-                        static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operations[operation].type =
+                                 static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -424,9 +436,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationInputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -440,9 +453,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOutputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -503,7 +517,7 @@
         }
         const std::string message = "removeOperandTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand);
         validate(device, message, model,
-                 [operand](Model* model) { removeOperand(model, operand); });
+                 [operand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) { removeOperand(model, operand); });
     }
 }
 
@@ -519,8 +533,9 @@
 static void removeOperationTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
     for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message = "removeOperationTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model,
-                 [operation](Model* model) { removeOperation(model, operation); });
+        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+            removeOperation(model, operation);
+        });
     }
 }
 
@@ -601,11 +616,12 @@
             const std::string message = "removeOperationInputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, input](Model* model) {
-                uint32_t operand = model->operations[operation].inputs[input];
-                model->operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].inputs, input);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, input](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         uint32_t operand = model->operations[operation].inputs[input];
+                         model->operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
+                         hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].inputs, input);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -618,9 +634,10 @@
             const std::string message = "removeOperationOutputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, output](Model* model) {
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].outputs, output);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, output](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].outputs, output);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -651,7 +668,7 @@
             continue;
         }
         const std::string message = "addOperationInputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
+        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
             uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::MODEL_INPUT);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operations[operation].inputs, index);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->inputIndexes, index);
@@ -665,7 +682,7 @@
     for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message =
                 "addOperationOutputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
+        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
             uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::MODEL_OUTPUT);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operations[operation].outputs, index);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->outputIndexes, index);
@@ -681,12 +698,13 @@
 };
 
 static void mutateExecutionPreferenceTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (int32_t preference : invalidExecutionPreferences) {
+    for (int32_t invalidPreference : invalidExecutionPreferences) {
         const std::string message =
-                "mutateExecutionPreferenceTest: preference " + std::to_string(preference);
-        validate(
-                device, message, model, [](Model*) {},
-                static_cast<ExecutionPreference>(preference));
+                "mutateExecutionPreferenceTest: preference " + std::to_string(invalidPreference);
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [invalidPreference](Model*, ExecutionPreference* preference) {
+                     *preference = static_cast<ExecutionPreference>(invalidPreference);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
index 2d83b81..934d893 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 #include "ExecutionBurstController.h"
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
-#include "Utils.h"
 #include "VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h"
 
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_2::vts::functional {
@@ -31,6 +30,8 @@
 using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
 using V1_0::Request;
 
+using ExecutionMutation = std::function<void(Request*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 static bool badTiming(Timing timing) {
@@ -39,11 +40,11 @@
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid request, apply a
 // mutation to it to invalidate the request, then pass it to interface calls
-// that use the request. Note that the request here is passed by value, and any
-// mutation to the request does not leave this function.
+// that use the request.
 static void validate(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const std::string& message,
-                     Request request, const std::function<void(Request*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&request);
+                     const Request& originalRequest, const ExecutionMutation& mutate) {
+    Request request = originalRequest;
+    mutate(&request);
 
     // We'd like to test both with timing requested and without timing
     // requested. Rather than running each test both ways, we'll decide whether
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@
 
         // execute and verify
         const auto [n, outputShapes, timing, fallback] = burst->compute(request, measure, keys);
-        const ErrorStatus status = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(n);
+        const ErrorStatus status = nn::legacyConvertResultCodeToErrorStatus(n);
         EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, status);
         EXPECT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), 0);
         EXPECT_TRUE(badTiming(timing));
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
index 4fbd0e2..a60ec4d 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
@@ -153,7 +153,8 @@
 
 TEST_P(ValidationTest, Test) {
     const Model model = createModel(kTestModel);
-    const Request request = createRequest(kTestModel);
+    ExecutionContext context;
+    const Request request = context.createRequest(kTestModel);
     if (kTestModel.expectFailure) {
         validateFailure(kDevice, model, request);
     } else {
@@ -161,7 +162,12 @@
     }
 }
 
-INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(ValidationTest, [](const test_helper::TestModel&) { return true; });
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(ValidationTest, [](const std::string& testName) {
+    // Skip validation for the "inputs_as_internal" and "all_tensors_as_inputs"
+    // generated tests.
+    return testName.find("inputs_as_internal") == std::string::npos &&
+           testName.find("all_tensors_as_inputs") == std::string::npos;
+});
 
 sp<IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel_1_2(const sp<implementation::PreparedModelCallback>& callback) {
     sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> preparedModelV1_0 = callback->getPreparedModel();
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/Android.bp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/Android.bp
index 0b07a58..7b02cc5 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/Android.bp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/Android.bp
@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@
     },
     srcs: [
         "types.hal",
+        "IBuffer.hal",
         "IDevice.hal",
+        "IExecutionCallback.hal",
+        "IFencedExecutionCallback.hal",
         "IPreparedModel.hal",
         "IPreparedModelCallback.hal",
     ],
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IBuffer.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IBuffer.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dfc57fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IBuffer.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
+
+import ErrorStatus;
+
+/**
+ * This interface represents a device memory buffer.
+ */
+interface IBuffer {
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the content of this buffer to a shared memory region.
+     *
+     * The IBuffer object must have been initialized before the call to IBuffer::copyTo.
+     * For more information on the state of the IBuffer object, refer to IDevice::allocate.
+     *
+     * @param dst The destination shared memory region.
+     * @return status Error status of the call, must be:
+     *     - NONE if successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if the IBuffer object is uninitialized, or there is an unspecified
+     *       error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if provided memory is invalid
+     */
+    copyTo(memory dst) generates (ErrorStatus status);
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the content of this buffer from a shared memory region.
+     *
+     * @param src The source shared memory region.
+     * @param dimensions Updated dimensional information. If the dimensions of the IBuffer object
+     *     are not fully specified, then the dimensions must be fully specified here. If the
+     *     dimensions of the IBuffer object are fully specified, then the dimensions may be empty
+     *     here. If dimensions.size() > 0, then all dimensions must be specified here, and any
+     *     dimension that was specified in the IBuffer object must have the same value here.
+     * @return status Error status of the call, must be:
+     *     - NONE if successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if provided memory is invalid, or if the dimensions is invalid
+     */
+    copyFrom(memory src, vec<uint32_t> dimensions) generates (ErrorStatus status);
+};
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IDevice.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IDevice.hal
index 1295d6a..e0b04a8 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IDevice.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IDevice.hal
@@ -16,12 +16,20 @@
 
 package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
 
-import @1.0::ErrorStatus;
 import @1.1::ExecutionPreference;
 import @1.2::Constant;
 import @1.2::DeviceType;
 import @1.2::Extension;
 import @1.2::IDevice;
+import BufferDesc;
+import BufferRole;
+import Capabilities;
+import ErrorStatus;
+import Model;
+import OptionalTimePoint;
+import Priority;
+import IBuffer;
+import IPreparedModel;
 import IPreparedModelCallback;
 
 /**
@@ -42,9 +50,14 @@
     /**
      * Gets the supported operations in a model.
      *
-     * getSupportedOperations indicates which operations of a model are fully
-     * supported by the vendor driver. If an operation may not be supported for
-     * any reason, getSupportedOperations must return false for that operation.
+     * getSupportedOperations indicates which operations of the top-level
+     * subgraph are fully supported by the vendor driver. If an operation may
+     * not be supported for any reason, getSupportedOperations must return
+     * false for that operation.
+     *
+     * The {@link OperationType::IF} and {@link OperationType::WHILE}
+     * operations may only be fully supported if the vendor driver fully
+     * supports all operations in the referenced subgraphs.
      *
      * @param model A model whose operations--and their corresponding operands--
      *     are to be verified by the driver.
@@ -107,6 +120,18 @@
      * the callback object must be invoked with the appropriate ErrorStatus
      * value and nullptr for the IPreparedModel.
      *
+     * The model is prepared with a priority. This priority is relative to other
+     * prepared models owned by the same client. Higher priority executions may
+     * use more compute resources than lower priority executions, and may
+     * preempt or starve lower priority executions.
+     *
+     * prepareModel_1_3 can be called with an optional deadline. If the model
+     * is not able to be prepared before the provided deadline, the model
+     * preparation may be aborted, and either {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT} or {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT} may be returned. The error due
+     * to an abort must be sent the same way as other errors, described above.
+     *
      * Optionally, the driver may save the prepared model to cache during the
      * asynchronous preparation. Any error that occurs when saving to cache must
      * not affect the status of preparing the model. Even if the input arguments
@@ -128,6 +153,11 @@
      * @param model The model to be prepared for execution.
      * @param preference Indicates the intended execution behavior of a prepared
      *     model.
+     * @param priority The priority of the prepared model relative to other
+     *     prepared models owned by the client.
+     * @param deadline The time by which the model is expected to be prepared.
+     *     If the model cannot be prepared by the deadline, the preparation may
+     *     be aborted.
      * @param modelCache A vector of handles with each entry holding exactly one
      *     cache file descriptor for the security-sensitive cache. The length of
      *     the vector must either be 0 indicating that caching information is
@@ -162,8 +192,12 @@
      *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
      *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments related to preparing
      *       the model is invalid
+     *     - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the preparation is aborted because the model
+     *       cannot be prepared by the deadline
+     *     - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the driver
      */
     prepareModel_1_3(Model model, ExecutionPreference preference,
+                     Priority priority, OptionalTimePoint deadline,
                      vec<handle> modelCache, vec<handle> dataCache,
                      uint8_t[Constant:BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN] token,
                      IPreparedModelCallback callback)
@@ -209,6 +243,14 @@
      * the model, the callback object must be invoked with the appropriate
      * ErrorStatus value and nullptr for the IPreparedModel.
      *
+     * prepareModelFromCache_1_3 can be called with an optional deadline. If the
+     * model is not able to prepared before the provided deadline, the model
+     * preparation may be aborted, and either {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT}
+     * or {@link ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT} may be returned. The
+     * error due to an abort must be sent the same way as other errors,
+     * described above.
+     *
      * The only information that may be unknown to the model at this stage is
      * the shape of the tensors, which may only be known at execution time. As
      * such, some driver services may return partially prepared models, where
@@ -217,6 +259,9 @@
      * used with different shapes of inputs on different (possibly concurrent)
      * executions.
      *
+     * @param deadline The time by which the model is expected to be prepared.
+     *     If the model cannot be prepared by the deadline, the preparation may
+     *     be aborted.
      * @param modelCache A vector of handles with each entry holding exactly one
      *     cache file descriptor for the security-sensitive cache. The length of
      *     the vector must match the numModelCache returned from getNumberOfCacheFilesNeeded.
@@ -242,9 +287,70 @@
      *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if caching is not supported or if there is an
      *       unspecified error
      *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments is invalid
+     *     - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the preparation is aborted because the model
+     *       cannot be prepared by the deadline
+     *     - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the driver
      */
-    prepareModelFromCache_1_3(vec<handle> modelCache, vec<handle> dataCache,
+    prepareModelFromCache_1_3(OptionalTimePoint deadline,
+                              vec<handle> modelCache, vec<handle> dataCache,
                               uint8_t[Constant:BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN] token,
                               IPreparedModelCallback callback)
             generates (ErrorStatus status);
+
+    /**
+     * Allocates a driver-managed buffer with the properties specified by the buffer descriptor
+     * as well as the input and output roles.
+     *
+     * The allocate function must verify its inputs are correct. If there is an error, or if a
+     * certain role or property is not supported by the driver, the allocate
+     * function must return with an appropriate ErrorStatus, a nullptr as the IBuffer, and 0 as the
+     * buffer token. If the allocation is successful, this method must return with ErrorStatus::NONE
+     * and the produced IBuffer with a positive token identifying the allocated buffer. A successful
+     * allocation must accommodate all of the specified roles and buffer properties.
+     *
+     * The buffer is allocated to an uninitialized state. An uninitialized buffer may only be used
+     * in ways that are specified by outputRoles. A buffer is initialized after it is used as an
+     * output in a successful execution, or after a successful invocation of IBuffer::copyFrom on
+     * the buffer. An initialized buffer may be used according to all roles specified in inputRoles
+     * and outputRoles. A buffer will return to the uninitialized state if it is used as an output
+     * in a failed execution, or after a failed invocation of IBuffer::copyFrom on the buffer.
+     *
+     * The dimensions of the buffer can be deduced from the buffer descriptor as well as the
+     * dimensions of the corresponding model operands of the input and output roles. The dimensions
+     * or rank of the buffer may be unknown at this stage. As such, some driver services may only
+     * create a placeholder and defer the actual allocation until execution time. Note that the
+     * same buffer may be used for different shapes of outputs on different executions. When the
+     * buffer is used as an input, the input shape must be the same as the output shape from the
+     * last execution using this buffer as an output.
+     *
+     * The driver must apply proper validatation upon every usage of the buffer, and must fail the
+     * execution immediately if the usage is illegal.
+     *
+     * @param desc A buffer descriptor specifying the properties of the buffer to allocate.
+     * @param preparedModels A vector of IPreparedModel objects. Must only contain IPreparedModel
+     *     objects from the same IDevice as this method is being invoked on.
+     * @param inputRoles A vector of roles with each specifying an input to a prepared model.
+     * @param outputRoles A vector of roles with each specifying an output to a prepared model.
+     *     Each role specified in inputRoles and outputRoles must be unique. The corresponding
+     *     model operands of the roles must have the same OperandType, scale, zero point, and
+     *     ExtraParams. The dimensions of the operands and the dimensions specified in the buffer
+     *     descriptor must be compatible with each other. Two dimensions are incompatible if there
+     *     is at least one axis that is fully specified in both but has different values.
+     * @return status Error status of the buffer allocation. Must be:
+     *     - NONE if successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if a certain buffer property or a certain role is not supported,
+     *       or if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments is invalid
+     * @return buffer The allocated IBuffer object. If the buffer was unable to be allocated
+     *     due to an error, nullptr must be returned.
+     * @return token A positive token identifying the allocated buffer. The same token will be
+     *     provided when referencing the buffer as one of the memory pools in the request of an
+     *     execution. The token must not collide with the tokens of other IBuffer objects that are
+     *     currently alive in the same driver service. If the buffer was unable to be allocated
+     *     due to an error, the token must be 0.
+     */
+    allocate(BufferDesc desc, vec<IPreparedModel> preparedModels, vec<BufferRole> inputRoles,
+             vec<BufferRole> outputRoles)
+            generates (ErrorStatus status, IBuffer buffer, uint32_t token);
 };
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IExecutionCallback.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IExecutionCallback.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea11b17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IExecutionCallback.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
+
+import @1.2::IExecutionCallback;
+import @1.2::OutputShape;
+import @1.2::Timing;
+
+/**
+ * IExecutionCallback must be used to return the error status result from an
+ * execution asynchronously launched from IPreparedModel::execute*.
+ */
+interface IExecutionCallback extends @1.2::IExecutionCallback {
+
+    /**
+     * There are three notify methods declared for the IExecutionCallback
+     * interface: notify_1_3, notify_1_2, and notify. One of the three notify
+     * methods must be invoked immediately after the asynchronous task has
+     * finished performing the execution. One of the notify methods must be
+     * provided with the ErrorStatus from the execution. If the asynchronous
+     * task is not launched, one of the notify methods must be invoked with the
+     * appropriate error.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
+     *               (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself
+     *               (if the launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *               - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *               - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *               - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an
+     *                 unspecified error
+     *               - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output
+     *                 operand buffer is not large enough to store the
+     *                 corresponding output
+     *               - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to
+     *                 prepareModel is invalid
+     *               - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the execution is aborted because it
+     *                 cannot be completed by the deadline
+     *               - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the driver
+     * @param outputShapes A list of shape information of model output operands.
+     *                     The index into "outputShapes" corresponds with to index
+     *                     of the output operand in the Request outputs vector.
+     *                     outputShapes must be empty unless the status is either
+     *                     NONE or OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+     * @param timing Duration of execution. Unless MeasureTiming::YES was passed when
+     *               launching the execution and status is NONE, all times must
+     *               be reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may choose to report
+     *               any time as UINT64_MAX, indicating that particular measurement is
+     *               not available.
+     */
+  oneway notify_1_3(ErrorStatus status, vec<OutputShape> outputShapes, Timing timing);
+};
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IFencedExecutionCallback.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IFencedExecutionCallback.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..949438e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IFencedExecutionCallback.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
+
+import @1.2::Timing;
+import ErrorStatus;
+
+/**
+ * IFencedExecutionCallback can be used to query the error status result
+ * and duration information from an IPreparedModel::executeFenced call.
+ */
+interface IFencedExecutionCallback {
+
+    /**
+     * The getExecutionInfo method is used by the clients to query error status
+     * result and duration information. The method must only be called after the actual
+     * evaluation has finished or resulted in an runtime error, as indicated by the status
+     * of the sync fence returned by the IPreparedModel::executeFenced call, otherwise
+     * GENERAL_FAILURE must be returned.
+     *
+     * @return status Error status returned from the asynchronously dispatched execution
+     *                must be:
+     *                - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *                - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *                - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an
+     *                  unspecified error
+     *                - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the execution is aborted because it
+     *                  cannot be completed by the deadline
+     *                - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the
+     *                  driver
+     * @return timingLaunched The duration starts when executeFenced is called and ends when
+     *                        executeFenced signals the returned syncFence.
+     *                        Unless MeasureTiming::YES was passed when
+     *                        launching the execution and status is NONE, all times
+     *                        must be reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may choose to
+     *                        report any time as UINT64_MAX, indicating that particular
+     *                        measurement is not available.
+     * @return timingFenced The duration starts when all waitFor sync fences have been signaled
+     *                      and ends when executeFenced signals the returned syncFence.
+     *                      Unless MeasureTiming::YES was passed when
+     *                      launching the execution and status is NONE, all times
+     *                      must be reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may choose to
+     *                      report any time as UINT64_MAX, indicating that particular
+     *                      measurement is not available.
+     */
+    getExecutionInfo() generates (ErrorStatus status, Timing timingLaunched, Timing timingFenced);
+};
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModel.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModel.hal
index c04809f..a1814b5 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModel.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModel.hal
@@ -16,11 +16,16 @@
 
 package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
 
-import @1.0::ErrorStatus;
-import @1.0::Request;
-import @1.2::MeasureTiming;
-import @1.2::IExecutionCallback;
 import @1.2::IPreparedModel;
+import @1.2::MeasureTiming;
+import @1.2::OutputShape;
+import @1.2::Timing;
+import ErrorStatus;
+import OptionalTimeoutDuration;
+import OptionalTimePoint;
+import Request;
+import IExecutionCallback;
+import IFencedExecutionCallback;
 
 /**
  * IPreparedModel describes a model that has been prepared for execution and
@@ -31,7 +36,8 @@
      * Launches an asynchronous execution on a prepared model.
      *
      * The execution is performed asynchronously with respect to the caller.
-     * execute_1_3 must verify the inputs to the function are correct. If there is
+     * execute_1_3 must verify the inputs to the function are correct, and the usages
+     * of memory pools allocated by IDevice::allocate are valid. If there is
      * an error, execute_1_3 must immediately invoke the callback with the
      * appropriate ErrorStatus value, then return with the same ErrorStatus. If
      * the inputs to the function are valid and there is no error, execute_1_3 must
@@ -62,8 +68,15 @@
      *   values, the execution should complete successfully (ErrorStatus::NONE):
      *   There must be no failure unless the device itself is in a bad state.
      *
-     * Any number of calls to the execute, execute_1_2, execute_1_3, and executeSynchronously
-     * functions, in any combination, may be made concurrently, even on the same
+     * execute_1_3 can be called with an optional deadline. If the execution
+     * is not able to be completed before the provided deadline, the execution
+     * may be aborted, and either {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT} or {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT} may be returned. The error due
+     * to an abort must be sent the same way as other errors, described above.
+     *
+     * Any number of calls to the execute* and executeSynchronously* functions,
+     * in any combination, may be made concurrently, even on the same
      * IPreparedModel object.
      *
      * @param request The input and output information on which the prepared
@@ -72,8 +85,23 @@
      *                The duration runs from the time the driver sees the call
      *                to the execute_1_3 function to the time the driver invokes
      *                the callback.
+     * @param deadline The time by which the execution is expected to complete.
+     *                 If the execution cannot be completed by the deadline, the
+     *                 execution may be aborted.
+     * @param loopTimeoutDuration The maximum amount of time that should be spent
+     *                            executing a {@link OperationType::WHILE}
+     *                            operation. If a loop condition model does not
+     *                            output false within this duration, the
+     *                            execution must be aborted. If the model
+     *                            contains a {@link OperationType::WHILE}
+     *                            operation and no loop timeout duration is
+     *                            provided, the maximum amount of time is {@link
+     *                            LoopTimeoutDurationNs::DEFAULT}. When
+     *                            provided, the duration must not exceed {@link
+     *                            LoopTimeoutDurationNs::MAXIMUM}.
      * @param callback A callback object used to return the error status of
-     *                 the execution. The callback object's notify function must
+     *                 the execution, shape information of model output operands, and
+     *                 duration of execution. The callback object's notify function must
      *                 be called exactly once, even if the execution was
      *                 unsuccessful.
      * @return status Error status of the call, must be:
@@ -84,7 +112,181 @@
      *                  not large enough to store the resultant values
      *                - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments is
      *                  invalid
+     *                - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the execution is aborted because it
+     *                  cannot be completed by the deadline
+     *                - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the
+     *                  driver
      */
-    execute_1_3(Request request, MeasureTiming measure, IExecutionCallback callback)
+    execute_1_3(Request request, MeasureTiming measure, OptionalTimePoint deadline,
+                OptionalTimeoutDuration loopTimeoutDuration, IExecutionCallback callback)
         generates (ErrorStatus status);
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a synchronous execution on a prepared model.
+     *
+     * The execution is performed synchronously with respect to the caller.
+     * executeSynchronously_1_3 must verify the inputs to the function are
+     * correct, and the usages of memory pools allocated by IDevice::allocate
+     * are valid. If there is an error, executeSynchronously_1_3 must immediately
+     * return with the appropriate ErrorStatus value. If the inputs to the
+     * function are valid and there is no error, executeSynchronously_1_3 must
+     * perform the execution, and must not return until the execution is
+     * complete.
+     *
+     * The caller must not change the content of any data object referenced by
+     * 'request' (described by the {@link @1.0::DataLocation} of a
+     * {@link @1.0::RequestArgument}) until executeSynchronously_1_3
+     * returns. executeSynchronously_1_3 must not change the content of any of the
+     * data objects corresponding to 'request' inputs.
+     *
+     * If the prepared model was prepared from a model wherein all tensor
+     * operands have fully specified dimensions, and the inputs to the function
+     * are valid, and at execution time every operation's input operands have
+     * legal values, then the execution should complete successfully
+     * (ErrorStatus::NONE): There must be no failure unless the device itself is
+     * in a bad state.
+     *
+     * executeSynchronously_1_3 may be called with an optional deadline. If the
+     * execution is not able to be completed before the provided deadline, the
+     * execution may be aborted, and either {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT} or {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT} may be returned. The error due
+     * to an abort must be sent the same way as other errors, described above.
+     *
+     * Any number of calls to the execute* and executeSynchronously* functions,
+     * in any combination, may be made concurrently, even on the same
+     * IPreparedModel object.
+     *
+     * @param request The input and output information on which the prepared
+     *                model is to be executed.
+     * @param measure Specifies whether or not to measure duration of the execution.
+     *                The duration runs from the time the driver sees the call
+     *                to the executeSynchronously_1_3 function to the time the driver
+     *                returns from the function.
+     * @param deadline The time by which the execution is expected to complete.
+     *                 If the execution cannot be finished by the deadline, the
+     *                 execution may be aborted.
+     * @param loopTimeoutDuration The maximum amount of time that should be spent
+     *                            executing a {@link OperationType::WHILE}
+     *                            operation. If a loop condition model does not
+     *                            output false within this duration, the
+     *                            execution must be aborted. If the model
+     *                            contains a {@link OperationType::WHILE}
+     *                            operation and no loop timeout duration is
+     *                            provided, the maximum amount of time is {@link
+     *                            LoopTimeoutDurationNs::DEFAULT}. When
+     *                            provided, the duration must not exceed {@link
+     *                            LoopTimeoutDurationNs::MAXIMUM}.
+     * @return status Error status of the execution, must be:
+     *                - NONE if execution is performed successfully
+     *                - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *                - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *                - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output
+     *                  operand buffer is not large enough to store the
+     *                  corresponding output
+     *                - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments is
+     *                  invalid
+     *                - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the execution is aborted because it
+     *                  cannot be completed by the deadline
+     *                - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the
+     *                  driver
+     * @return outputShapes A list of shape information of model output operands.
+     *                      The index into "outputShapes" corresponds to the index
+     *                      of the output operand in the Request outputs vector.
+     *                      outputShapes must be empty unless the status is either
+     *                      NONE or OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+     * @return timing Duration of execution. Unless measure is YES and status is
+     *                NONE, all times must be reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may
+     *                choose to report any time as UINT64_MAX, indicating that
+     *                measurement is not available.
+     */
+    executeSynchronously_1_3(Request request, MeasureTiming measure,
+                             OptionalTimePoint deadline,
+                             OptionalTimeoutDuration loopTimeoutDuration)
+                  generates (ErrorStatus status, vec<OutputShape> outputShapes,
+                             Timing timing);
+
+    /**
+     * Launch a fenced asynchronous execution on a prepared model.
+     *
+     * The execution is performed asynchronously with respect to the caller.
+     * executeFenced must verify the inputs to the function are correct, and the usages
+     * of memory pools allocated by IDevice::allocate are valid. If there is an error,
+     * executeFenced must immediately return with the corresponding ErrorStatus, an empty
+     * handle for syncFence, and nullptr for callback. If the inputs to the function
+     * are valid and there is no error, executeFenced must dispatch an asynchronous task
+     * to perform the execution in the background, and immediately return with
+     * ErrorStatus::NONE, a sync fence that will be signaled once the execution is completed,
+     * and a callback that can be used by the client to query the duration and runtime error
+     * status. If the task has finished before the call returns, an empty handle may be returned
+     * for syncFence. The execution must wait for all the sync fences (if any) in waitFor
+     * to be signaled before starting the actual execution.
+     *
+     * When the asynchronous task has finished its execution, it must
+     * immediately signal the syncFence returned from the executeFenced call. After
+     * the syncFence is signaled, the task must not modify the content of
+     * any data object referenced by 'request' (described by the
+     * {@link @1.0::DataLocation} of a {@link @1.0::RequestArgument}).
+     *
+     * executeFenced may be called with an optional deadline and an optional duration.
+     * If the execution is not able to be completed before the provided deadline or
+     * within the timeout duration (measured from when all sync fences in waitFor are
+     * signaled), whichever comes earlier, the execution may be aborted, and either
+     * {@link ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT} or {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT} may be returned. The error due
+     * to an abort must be sent the same way as other errors, described above.
+     *
+     * If any of the sync fences in waitFor changes to error status after the executeFenced
+     * call succeeds, or the execution is aborted because it cannot finish before the deadline
+     * has been reached or the duration has elapsed, the driver must immediately set the returned
+     * syncFence to error status.
+     *
+     * Any number of calls to the executeFenced, execute* and executeSynchronously*
+     * functions, in any combination, may be made concurrently, even on the same
+     * IPreparedModel object.
+     *
+     * @param request The input and output information on which the prepared
+     *                model is to be executed. The outputs in the request must have
+     *                fully specified dimensions.
+     * @param waitFor A vector of sync fence file descriptors.
+     *                Execution must not start until all sync fences have been signaled.
+     * @param measure Specifies whether or not to measure duration of the execution.
+     * @param deadline The time by which the execution is expected to complete.
+     *                 If the execution cannot be finished by the deadline, the
+     *                 execution may be aborted.
+     * @param loopTimeoutDuration The maximum amount of time that should be spent
+     *                            executing a {@link OperationType::WHILE}
+     *                            operation. If a loop condition model does not
+     *                            output false within this duration, the
+     *                            execution must be aborted. If the model
+     *                            contains a {@link OperationType::WHILE}
+     *                            operation and no loop timeout duration is
+     *                            provided, the maximum amount of time is {@link
+     *                            LoopTimeoutDurationNs::DEFAULT}. When
+     *                            provided, the duration must not exceed {@link
+     *                            LoopTimeoutDurationNs::MAXIMUM}.
+     * @param duration The length of time within which the execution is expected
+     *                 to complete after all sync fences in waitFor are signaled.
+     *                 If the execution cannot be finished within the duration,
+     *                 the execution may be aborted.
+     * @return status Error status of the call, must be:
+     *                - NONE if task is successfully launched
+     *                - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *                - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *                - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments is invalid, including
+     *                                   fences in error states.
+     *                - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the execution is aborted because it
+     *                  cannot be completed by the deadline
+     *                - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the
+     *                  driver
+     * @return syncFence The sync fence that will be signaled when the task is completed.
+     *                   The sync fence will be set to error if a critical error,
+     *                   e.g. hardware failure or kernel panic, occurs when doing execution.
+     * @return callback The IFencedExecutionCallback can be used to query information like duration
+     *                  and error status when the execution is completed.
+     */
+    executeFenced(Request request, vec<handle> waitFor, MeasureTiming measure,
+                  OptionalTimePoint deadline, OptionalTimeoutDuration loopTimeoutDuration,
+                  OptionalTimeoutDuration duration)
+        generates (ErrorStatus status, handle syncFence, IFencedExecutionCallback callback);
 };
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModelCallback.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModelCallback.hal
index ff295a2..c0d3416 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModelCallback.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModelCallback.hal
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
 
-import @1.0::ErrorStatus;
 import @1.2::IPreparedModelCallback;
 import IPreparedModel;
 
@@ -48,6 +47,10 @@
      *                 unspecified error
      *               - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to
      *                 prepareModel is invalid
+     *               - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the preparation is aborted because
+     *                 the model cannot be prepared by the deadline
+     *               - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the
+     *                 driver
      * @param preparedModel A model that has been asynchronously prepared for
      *                      execution. If the model was unable to be prepared
      *                      due to an error, nullptr must be passed in place of
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.hal
index 86ab287..daaf22e 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.hal
@@ -17,11 +17,14 @@
 package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
 
 import @1.0::DataLocation;
-import @1.0::OperandLifeTime;
+import @1.0::ErrorStatus;
 import @1.0::PerformanceInfo;
+import @1.0::RequestArgument;
+import @1.2::Model.ExtensionNameAndPrefix;
+import @1.2::Model.ExtensionTypeEncoding;
+import @1.2::Operand.ExtraParams;
 import @1.2::OperandType;
 import @1.2::OperationType;
-import @1.2::SymmPerChannelQuantParams;
 
 import android.hidl.safe_union@1.0::Monostate;
 
@@ -39,6 +42,13 @@
      */
     TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED = 14,
 
+    /**
+     * A reference to a subgraph.
+     *
+     * Must have the lifetime {@link OperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH}.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH = 15,
+
     /*
      * DEPRECATED. Since HAL version 1.2, extensions are the preferred
      * alternative to OEM operation and data types.
@@ -67,18 +77,5231 @@
 enum OperandTypeRange : uint32_t {
     BASE_MIN        = 0,
     FUNDAMENTAL_MIN = 0,
-    FUNDAMENTAL_MAX = 14,
+    FUNDAMENTAL_MAX = 15,
     OEM_MIN         = 10000,
     OEM_MAX         = 10001,
     BASE_MAX        = 0xFFFF,
 };
 
+/**
+ * Operation types.
+ *
+ * The type of an operation in a model.
+ */
+enum OperationType : int32_t {
+
+    /**
+     * Adds two tensors, element-wise.
+     *
+     * Takes two input tensors of identical {@link OperandType} and compatible
+     * dimensions. The output is the sum of both input tensors, optionally
+     * modified by an activation function.
+     *
+     * Two dimensions are compatible when:
+     *     1. they are equal, or
+     *     2. one of them is 1
+     *
+     * The size of the output is the maximum size along each dimension of the
+     * input operands. It starts with the trailing dimensions, and works its
+     * way forward.
+     *
+     * Example:
+     *
+     *     input1.dimension = {4, 1, 2}
+     *     input2.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 1}
+     *     output.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 2}
+     *
+     * Since HAL version 1.2, generic zero-sized input tensor is supported. Zero
+     * dimension is only compatible with 0 or 1. The size of the output
+     * dimension is zero if either of corresponding input dimension is zero.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType}, and compatible dimensions
+     *      as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scales and zeroPoint can be different from input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor,
+     *      the {@link FusedActivationFunc} must be "NONE".
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The sum, a tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    ADD = @1.2::OperationType:ADD,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a 2-D average pooling operation.
+     *
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, i, j, channel] =
+     *         sum_{di, dj}(
+     *             input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj, channel]
+     *         ) / sum(1)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      width.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      height.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 10: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *       Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *       Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      width.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      height.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 7: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    AVERAGE_POOL_2D = @1.2::OperationType:AVERAGE_POOL_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * Concatenates the input tensors along the given dimension.
+     *
+     * The input tensors must have identical {@link OperandType} and the same
+     * dimensions except the dimension along the concatenation axis.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *   (full support since HAL version 1.2, see the input section)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0 ~ n-1: The list of n input tensors, of shape
+     *            [D0, D1, ..., Daxis(i), ..., Dm].
+     *            Before HAL version 1.2, all input tensors of
+     *            {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *            must have the same scale and zeroPoint as the output tensor.
+     *            Input tensors of
+     *            {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *            are allowed to have different scale and zeroPoint.
+     *            Since HAL version 1.2, zero-sized tensors are supported.
+     * * n: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the
+     *      concatenation axis.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output, a tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as the input
+     *      tensors. The output shape is [D0, D1, ..., sum(Daxis(i)), ..., Dm].
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, for a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint values can be different from
+     *      input tensors. Before HAL version 1.2 they have to be the same as for the input tensors.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint values can be different from input tensors.
+     */
+    CONCATENATION = @1.2::OperationType:CONCATENATION,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a 2-D convolution operation.
+     *
+     * The CONV_2D op sweeps a 2-D filter that can mix channels together over a
+     * batch of images, applying the filter to each window of each image of the
+     * appropriate size.
+     *
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, i, j, channel] =
+     *         sum_{di, dj, k} (
+     *             input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj, k] *
+     *             filter[channel, di, dj, k]
+     *         ) + bias[channel]
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType} configurations:
+     * * 32 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * Quantized:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * Available since HAL version 1.2:
+     * * 16 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * Quantized with symmetric per channel quantization for the filter:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Available since HAL version 1.3:
+     * * Quantized signed (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * * Quantized signed with filter symmetric per channel quantization (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_in], specifying the
+     *      filter.
+     *      For tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}
+     *      the channel dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim)
+     *      must be set to 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 10: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 11: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for width. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on width dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 12 (dilation factor for height) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 12: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for height. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on height dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 11 (dilation factor for width) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_in], specifying the
+     *      filter.
+     *      For tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}
+     *      the channel dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim)
+     *      must be set to 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same
+     *      type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 7: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 8: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for width. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on width dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 9 (dilation factor for height) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 9: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for height. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on height dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 8 (dilation factor for width) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth_out].
+     *      Before HAL version 1.2, for output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the following condition must be satisfied: output_scale > input_scale * filter_scale
+     */
+    CONV_2D = @1.2::OperationType:CONV_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a depthwise 2-D convolution operation.
+     *
+     * Given an input tensor of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in] and a
+     * filter tensor of shape [1, filter_height, filter_width, depth_out]
+     * containing depth_out convolutional filters of depth 1, DEPTHWISE_CONV
+     * applies a different filter to each input channel (expanding from 1
+     * channel to channel_multiplier channels for each), then concatenates the
+     * results together.
+     *
+     * The output has depth_out = depth_in * depth_multiplier channels.
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, i, j, k * channel_multiplier + q] =
+     *         sum_{di, dj} (
+     *             input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj, k] *
+     *             filter[1, di, dj, k * channel_multiplier + q]
+     *         ) + bias[k * channel_multiplier + q]
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType} configurations:
+     * * 32 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * Quantized:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * Available since HAL version 1.2:
+     * * 16 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * Quantized with symmetric per channel quantization for the filter:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Available since HAL version 1.3:
+     * * Quantized signed (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * * Quantized signed with filter symmetric per channel quantization (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape [1, filter_height, filter_width, depth_out],
+     *      specifying the filter.
+     *      For tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}
+     *      the channel dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim)
+     *      must be set to 3.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the depthwise
+     *      multiplier.
+     * * 10: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *       {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *       invoke on the result.
+     * * 11: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *       Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *       Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 12: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for width. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on width dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 13 (dilation factor for height) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 13: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for height. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on height dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 12 (dilation factor for width) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape [1, filter_height, filter_width, depth_out],
+     *      specifying the filter.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the depthwise
+     *      multiplier.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 8: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 9: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for width. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on width dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 10 (dilation factor for height) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 10: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for height. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on height dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 9 (dilation factor for width) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth_out]. Before HAL version 1.2, for
+     *      output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the following condition must be satisfied:
+     *      output_scale > input_scale * filter_scale
+     */
+    DEPTHWISE_CONV_2D = @1.2::OperationType:DEPTHWISE_CONV_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * Rearranges data from depth into blocks of spatial data.
+     *
+     * More specifically, this op outputs a copy of the input tensor where
+     * values from the depth dimension are moved in spatial blocks to the height
+     * and width dimensions. The value block_size indicates the input block size
+     * and how the data is moved.
+     *
+     * Chunks of data of size block_size * block_size from depth are rearranged
+     * into non-overlapping blocks of size block_size x block_size.
+     *
+     * The width of the output tensor is input_depth * block_size, whereas the
+     * height is input_height * block_size. The depth of the input tensor must
+     * be divisible by block_size * block_size
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the block_size.
+     *      block_size must be >=1 and block_size * block_size must be a divisor
+     *      of the input depth.
+     * * 2: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape [batch, height*block_size,
+     *      width*block_size, depth/(block_size*block_size)].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    DEPTH_TO_SPACE = @1.2::OperationType:DEPTH_TO_SPACE,
+
+    /**
+     * Dequantizes the input tensor.
+     *
+     * The formula is:
+     *
+     *     output = (input - zeroPoint) * scale.
+     *
+     * Supported input tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported output tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor with the same shape as input0.
+     */
+    DEQUANTIZE = @1.2::OperationType:DEQUANTIZE,
+
+    /**
+     * Looks up sub-tensors in the input tensor.
+     *
+     * This operator takes for input a tensor of values (Values) and
+     * a one-dimensional tensor of selection indices (Lookups).
+     * The output tensor is the concatenation of sub-tensors of Values as
+     * selected by Lookups.
+     *
+     * Think of Values as being sliced along its first dimension:
+     * The entries in Lookups select which slices are concatenated together
+     * to create the output tensor.
+     *
+     * For example, if Values has shape of [40, 200, 300] and
+     * Lookups has shape of [3], all three values found in Lookups are
+     * expected to be between 0 and 39. The resulting tensor must
+     * have shape of [3, 200, 300].
+     *
+     * If a value in Lookups is out of bounds, the operation must fail
+     * and an error must be reported.
+     *
+     * Supported value tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported value tensor rank: from 2
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: Lookups. A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}.
+     *      The values are indices into the first dimension of Values.
+     * * 1: Values. An n-D tensor, where n >= 2, from which sub-tensors are
+     *      extracted.
+     *
+     * Output:
+     * * 0: A n-D tensor with the same rank and shape as the Values
+     *      tensor, except for the first dimension which has the same size
+     *      as Lookups' only dimension.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input1.
+     */
+    EMBEDDING_LOOKUP = @1.2::OperationType:EMBEDDING_LOOKUP,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes element-wise floor() on the input tensor.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor, of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions as
+     *      the input tensor.
+     */
+    FLOOR = @1.2::OperationType:FLOOR,
+
+    /**
+     * Denotes a fully (densely) connected layer, which connects all elements
+     * in the input tensor with each element in the output tensor.
+     *
+     * This layer implements the operation:
+     *
+     *     outputs = activation(inputs * weights’ + bias)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of at least rank 2, specifying the input. If rank is
+     *      greater than 2, then it gets flattened to a 2-D Tensor. The
+     *      (flattened) 2-D Tensor is reshaped (if necessary) to
+     *      [batch_size, input_size], where "input_size" corresponds to the
+     *      number of inputs to the layer, matching the second dimension of
+     *      weights, and "batch_size" is calculated by dividing the number of
+     *      elements by "input_size".
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batch_size is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A 2-D tensor, specifying the weights, of shape
+     *      [num_units, input_size], where "num_units" corresponds to the number
+     *      of output nodes.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [num_units], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the bias should
+     *      also be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor, of shape [batch_size, num_units]. Before HAL version 1.2, for
+     *      output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, the following
+     *      condition must be satisfied: output_scale > input_scale * filter_scale.
+     */
+    FULLY_CONNECTED = @1.2::OperationType:FULLY_CONNECTED,
+
+    /**
+     * Looks up sub-tensors in the input tensor using a key-value map.
+     *
+     * This operator takes for input a tensor of values (Values),
+     * a one-dimensional tensor of selection values (Lookups) and
+     * a one-dimensional tensor that maps these values to Values
+     * indexes. The output tensor is the concatenation of sub-tensors of
+     * Values as selected by Lookups via Keys.
+     *
+     * Think of Values as being sliced along its outer-most dimension.
+     * The output is a concatenation of selected slices, with one slice
+     * for each entry of Lookups. The slice selected is the one at the
+     * same index as the Maps entry that matches the value in Lookups.
+     *
+     * For a hit, the corresponding sub-tensor of Values is included
+     * in the Output tensor. For a miss, the corresponding sub-tensor in
+     * Output must have zero values.
+     *
+     * For example, if Values has shape of [40, 200, 300],
+     * Keys should have a shape of [40]. If Lookups tensor has shape
+     * of [3], three slices are being concatenated, so the resulting tensor
+     * must have the shape of [3, 200, 300]. If the first entry in Lookups
+     * has the value 123456, that value must be located in Keys tensor.
+     * If the sixth entry of Keys contains 123456, the sixth slice of Values
+     * must be selected. If no entry in Keys has 123456, a slice of zeroes
+     * must be concatenated.
+     *
+     * Supported value tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *
+     * Supported value tensor rank: from 2
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: Lookups. A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor with
+     *      shape [ k ].
+     * * 1: Keys. A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor with shape
+     *      [ n ]; Keys and Values pair represent a map, i.e., the ith element
+     *      in Keys (Keys[i]) is the key to select the ith sub-tensor in Values
+     *      (Values[i]), where 0 <= i <= n-1. Keys tensor *MUST* be sorted in
+     *      ascending order.
+     * * 2: Values. A tensor with shape of [ n, … ]; i.e., the first dimension
+     *      must be n.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: Output. A tensor with shape [ k …].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input2.
+     * * 1: Hits. A boolean tensor with shape [ k ] indicates whether the lookup
+     *      hits (True) or not (False).
+     *      Stored as {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} with offset 0
+     *      and scale 1.0f.
+     *      A non-zero byte represents True, a hit. A zero indicates otherwise.
+     */
+    HASHTABLE_LOOKUP = @1.2::OperationType:HASHTABLE_LOOKUP,
+
+    /**
+     * Applies L2 normalization along the depth dimension.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[batch, row, col, channel] =
+     *         input[batch, row, col, channel] /
+     *         sqrt(sum_{c} pow(input[batch, row, col, c], 2))
+     *
+     * For input tensor with rank less than 4, independently normalizes each
+     * 1-D slice along dimension dim.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     * Tensors with rank less than 4 are only supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be normalized.
+     * * 1: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, default to -1,
+     *      specifying the dimension normalization would be performed on.
+     *      Negative index is used to specify axis from the end (e.g. -1 for
+     *      the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and same shape as input0.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 128 and the zeroPoint must be 128.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 128 and the zeroPoint must be 0.
+     */
+    L2_NORMALIZATION = @1.2::OperationType:L2_NORMALIZATION,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs an 2-D L2 pooling operation.
+     *
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, i, j, c] =
+     *         sqrt(sum_{di, dj} pow(input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj, c], 2) /
+     *              sum(1))
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      width.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      height.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 10: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *       Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *       Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      width.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      height.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 7: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth].
+     */
+    L2_POOL_2D = @1.2::OperationType:L2_POOL_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * Applies Local Response Normalization along the depth dimension.
+     *
+     * The 4-D input tensor is treated as a 3-D array of 1-D vectors (along the
+     * last dimension), and each vector is normalized independently. Within a
+     * given vector, each component is divided by the weighted, squared sum of
+     * inputs within depth_radius.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     sqr_sum[a, b, c, d] = sum(
+     *         pow(input[a, b, c, d - depth_radius : d + depth_radius + 1], 2))
+     *     output = input / pow((bias + alpha * sqr_sum), beta)
+     *
+     * For input tensor with rank less than 4, independently normalizes each
+     * 1-D slice along specified dimension.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     * Tensors with rank less than 4 are only supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the radius of
+     *      the normalization window.
+     * * 2: A scalar, specifying the bias, must not be zero.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias
+     *      value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the bias
+     *      value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 3: A scalar, specifying the scale factor, alpha.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the
+     *      alpha value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the
+     *      alpha value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 4: A scalar, specifying the exponent, beta.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the beta
+     *      value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the beta
+     *      value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 5: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, default to -1,
+     *      specifying the dimension normalization would be performed on.
+     *      Negative index is used to specify axis from the end (e.g. -1 for
+     *      the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    LOCAL_RESPONSE_NORMALIZATION = @1.2::OperationType:LOCAL_RESPONSE_NORMALIZATION,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes sigmoid activation on the input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output = 1 / (1 + exp(-input))
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 256 and the zeroPoint must be 0.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 256 and the zeroPoint must be -128.
+     */
+    LOGISTIC = @1.2::OperationType:LOGISTIC,
+
+    /**
+     * Projects an input to a bit vector via locality senstive hashing.
+     *
+     * Supported input tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *
+     * Supported input tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: Hash functions. Dim.size == 2, DataType: Float.
+     *      Tensor[0].Dim[0]: Number of hash functions.
+     *      Tensor[0].Dim[1]: Number of projected output bits generated by each
+     *      hash function.
+     *      If the projection type is Sparse:
+     *      Tensor[0].Dim[1] + ceil(log2(Tensor[0].Dim[0])) <= 32
+     *
+     * * 1: Input. Dim.size >= 1, no restriction on DataType.
+     * * 2: Weight. Optional. Dim.size == 1, DataType: Float.
+     *      If not set, each input element is considered to have the same weight
+     *      of 1.0.
+     *      Tensor[1].Dim[0] == Tensor[2].Dim[0]
+     * * 3: Type:
+     *        Sparse:
+     *          Value LSHProjectionType_SPARSE(=3) (since HAL version 1.2).
+     *          Computed bit vector is considered to be sparse.
+     *          Each output element is an int32 made up of multiple bits
+     *          computed from hash functions.
+     *
+     *          NOTE: To avoid collisions across hash functions, an offset value
+     *          of k * (1 << Tensor[0].Dim[1]) will be added to each signature,
+     *          where k is the index of the hash function.
+     *
+     *          Value LSHProjectionType_SPARSE_DEPRECATED(=1).
+     *          Legacy behavior that does not include the offset value.
+     *
+     *        Dense:
+     *          Value LSHProjectionType_DENSE(=2).
+     *          Computed bit vector is considered to be dense. Each output
+     *          element represents a bit and can take the value of either
+     *          0 or 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: If the projection type is Sparse:
+     *      Output.Dim == { Tensor[0].Dim[0] }
+     *      A tensor of int32 that represents hash signatures.
+     *
+     *      If the projection type is Dense:
+     *      Output.Dim == { Tensor[0].Dim[0] * Tensor[0].Dim[1] }
+     *      A flattened tensor that represents projected bit vectors.
+     * The offset value for sparse projections was added in HAL version 1.2.
+     */
+    LSH_PROJECTION = @1.2::OperationType:LSH_PROJECTION,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a single time step in a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) layer
+     *
+     * The LSTM operation is described by the following equations.
+     *
+     * \f{eqnarray*}{
+     * i_t =& \sigma(W_{xi}x_t+W_{hi}h_{t-1}+W_{ci}C_{t-1}+b_i) & \\
+     * f_t =& \sigma(W_{xf}x_t+W_{hf}h_{t-1}+W_{cf}C_{t-1}+b_f) & \\
+     * C_t =& clip(f_t \odot C_{t-1} + i_t \odot
+     *        g(W_{xc}x_t+W_{hc}h_{t-1}+b_c),\ t_{cell}) & \\
+     * o_t =& \sigma(W_{xo}x_t+W_{ho}h_{t-1}+W_{co}C_t+b_o) & \\
+     *      & & \\
+     *      & clip(W_{proj}(o_t \odot g(C_t))+b_{proj},\ t_{proj})
+     *      & if\ there\ is\ a\ projection; \\
+     * h_t =& & \\
+     *      & o_t \odot g(C_t) & otherwise. \\
+     * \f}
+     * Where:
+     * * \f$x_t\f$ is the input,
+     * * \f$i_t\f$ is the input gate,
+     * * \f$f_t\f$ is the forget gate,
+     * * \f$C_t\f$ is the cell state,
+     * * \f$o_t\f$ is the output,
+     * * \f$h_t\f$ is the output state,
+     * * \f$\sigma\f$ is the logistic sigmoid function,
+     * * \f$g\f$ is the cell input and cell output activation function, usually
+     *   \f$tahn\f$,
+     * * \f$W_{xi}\f$ is the input-to-input weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{hi}\f$ is the recurrent to input weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{ci}\f$ is the cell-to-input weight matrix,
+     * * \f$b_i\f$ is the input gate bias,
+     * * \f$W_{xf}\f$ is the input-to-forget weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{hf}\f$ is the recurrent-to-forget weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{cf}\f$ is the cell-to-forget weight matrix,
+     * * \f$b_f\f$ is the forget gate bias,
+     * * \f$W_{xc}\f$ is the input-to-cell weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{hc}\f$ is the recurrent-to-cell weight matrix,
+     * * \f$b_c\f$ is the cell bias,
+     * * \f$W_{xo}\f$ is the input-to-output weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{ho}\f$ is the recurrent-to-output weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{co}\f$ is the cell-to-output weight matrix,
+     * * \f$b_o\f$ is the output gate bias,
+     * * \f$W_{proj}\f$ is the projection weight matrix,
+     * * \f$b_{proj}\f$ is the projection bias,
+     * * \f$t_{cell}\f$ is the threshold for clipping the cell state, and
+     * * \f$t_{proj}\f$ is the threshold for clipping the projected output.
+     * * \f$\odot\f$ is the
+     *   <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadamard_product_(matrices)">
+     *   Hadamard product</a> that takes two matrices and produces another
+     *   matrix, each element of which is the product of the corresponding
+     *   elements of the input matrices.
+     *
+     * Since HAL version 1.2 LSTM supports layer normalization.
+     * In case layer normalization is used, the inputs to internal activation
+     * functions (sigmoid and \f$g\f$) are normalized, rescaled and recentered
+     * following an approach from section 3.1 from
+     * https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.06450.pdf
+     *
+     * The operation has the following independently optional inputs:
+     * * The cell-to-input weights (\f$W_{ci}\f$), cell-to-forget weights
+     *   (\f$W_{cf}\f$) and cell-to-output weights (\f$W_{co}\f$) either all
+     *   have values or neither of them have values (i.e., all set to null). If
+     *   they have values, the peephole optimization is used.
+     * * The input-to-input weights (\f$W_{xi}\f$), recurrent-to-input weights
+     *   (\f$W_{hi}\f$) and input gate bias (\f$b_i\f$) either all have values,
+     *   or none of them have values. If they have no values, coupling of input
+     *   and forget gates (CIFG) is used, in which case the input gate
+     *   (\f$i_t\f$) is calculated using the following equation instead.
+     *   \f{eqnarray*}{
+     *   i_t = 1 - f_t
+     *   \f}
+     *   In case peephole optimization is used and CIFG is not used
+     *   cell-to-input (\f$W_{ci}\f$) weights must be present. Otherwise, the
+     *   cell-to-input weights must have no value.
+     * * The projection weights (\f$W_{proj}\f$) is required only for the
+     *   recurrent projection layer, and should otherwise have no value.
+     * * The projection bias (\f$b_{proj}\f$) may (but not required to) have a
+     *   value if the recurrent projection layer exists, and should otherwise
+     *   have no value.
+     * * (HAL version 1.2 or later) The four layer normalization weights either all have
+     *   values or none of them have values. Additionally, if CIFG is used,
+     *   input layer normalization weights tensor is omitted and the other layer
+     *   normalization weights either all have values or none of them have
+     *   values. Layer normalization is used when the values of all the layer
+     *   normalization weights are present.
+     *
+     * References:
+     *
+     * The default non-peephole non-CIFG implementation is based on:
+     * http://www.bioinf.jku.at/publications/older/2604.pdf
+     * S. Hochreiter and J. Schmidhuber. "Long Short-Term Memory". Neural
+     * Computation, 9(8):1735-1780, 1997.
+     *
+     * The peephole implementation and projection layer is based on:
+     * https://research.google.com/pubs/archive/43905.pdf
+     * Hasim Sak, Andrew Senior, and Francoise Beaufays. "Long short-term memory
+     * recurrent neural network architectures for large scale acoustic
+     * modeling." INTERSPEECH, 2014.
+     * (However, the concept of peephole optimization was introduced in work
+     * prior to this paper.)
+     *
+     * The coupling of input and forget gate (CIFG) is based on:
+     * http://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.04069.pdf
+     * Greff et al. "LSTM: A Search Space Odyssey"
+     *
+     * The layer normalization is based on:
+     * https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.06450.pdf
+     * Jimmy Ba et al. "Layer Normalization"
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * All input and output tensors must be of the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: The input (\f$x_t\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, input_size], where “batch_size”
+     *      corresponds to the batching dimension, and “input_size” is the size
+     *      of the input.
+     * * 1: The input-to-input weights (\f$W_{xi}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size], where “num_units”
+     *      corresponds to the number of cell units.
+     * * 2: The input-to-forget weights (\f$W_{xf}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size].
+     * * 3: The input-to-cell weights (\f$W_{xc}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size].
+     * * 4: The input-to-output weights (\f$W_{xo}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size].
+     * * 5: The recurrent-to-input weights (\f$W_{hi}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size], where “output_size”
+     *      corresponds to either the number of cell units (i.e., “num_units”),
+     *      or the second dimension of the “projection_weights”, if defined.
+     * * 6: The recurrent-to-forget weights (\f$W_{hf}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size].
+     * * 7: The recurrent-to-cell weights (\f$W_{hc}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size].
+     * * 8: The recurrent-to-output weights (\f$W_{ho}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size].
+     * * 9: The cell-to-input weights (\f$W_{ci}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 10:The cell-to-forget weights (\f$W_{cf}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 11:The cell-to-output weights (\f$W_{co}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 12:The input gate bias (\f$b_i\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 13:The forget gate bias (\f$b_f\f$).
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 14:The cell bias (\f$b_c\f$).
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 15:The output gate bias (\f$b_o\f$).
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 16:The projection weights (\f$W_{proj}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [output_size, num_units].
+     * * 17:The projection bias (\f$b_{proj}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [output_size].
+     * * 18:The output state (in) (\f$h_{t-1}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, output_size].
+     * * 19:The cell state (in) (\f$C_{t-1}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units].
+     * * 20:The activation function (\f$g\f$).
+     *      A value indicating the activation function:
+     *      <ul>
+     *      <li>0: None;
+     *      <li>1: Relu;
+     *      <li>3: Relu6;
+     *      <li>4: Tanh;
+     *      <li>6: Sigmoid.
+     *      </ul>
+     * * 21:The clipping threshold (\f$t_{cell}\f$) for the cell state, such
+     *      that values are bound within [-cell_clip, cell_clip]. If set to 0.0
+     *      then clipping is disabled.
+     *      Until HAL version 1.2 this scalar must be of type {@link
+     *      OperandType::FLOAT32}. Since HAL version 1.2, if all the input
+     *      tensors have type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, this
+     *      scalar must be of the type {@link OperandType::FLOAT32},
+     *      otherwise if all the input tensors have the type {@link
+     *      OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, this scalar must be of type {@link
+     *      OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     * * 22:The clipping threshold (\f$t_{proj}\f$) for the output from the
+     *      projection layer, such that values are bound within
+     *      [-proj_clip, proj_clip]. If set to 0.0 then clipping is disabled.
+     *      Until HAL version 1.2 this scalar must be of type {@link
+     *      OperandType::FLOAT32}. Since HAL version 1.2, if all the input
+     *      tensors have type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, this
+     *      scalar must be of the type {@link OperandType::FLOAT32},
+     *      otherwise if all the input tensors have the type {@link
+     *      OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, this scalar must be of type {@link
+     *      OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     * Since HAL version 1.2 there are additional inputs to this op:
+     * * 23:The input layer normalization weights.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at input gate.
+     * * 24:The forget layer normalization weights.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at forget gate.
+     * * 25:The cell layer normalization weights.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at cell gate.
+     * * 26:The output layer normalization weights.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at output gate.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The scratch buffer.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units * 3] with CIFG, or
+     *      [batch_size, num_units * 4] without CIFG.
+     * * 1: The output state (out) (\f$h_t\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, output_size].
+     * * 2: The cell state (out) (\f$C_t\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units].
+     * * 3: The output (\f$o_t\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, output_size]. This is effectively
+     *      the same as the current “output state (out)” value.
+     */
+    LSTM = @1.2::OperationType:LSTM,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs an 2-D max pooling operation.
+     *
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, i, j, channel] =
+     *         max_{di, dj} (
+     *             input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj, channel]
+     *         )
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      width.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      height.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 10: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *       Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *       Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      width.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      height.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 7: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    MAX_POOL_2D = @1.2::OperationType:MAX_POOL_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * Multiplies two tensors, element-wise.
+     *
+     * Takes two input tensors of identical {@link OperandType} and compatible
+     * dimensions. The output is the product of both input tensors, optionally
+     * modified by an activation function.
+     *
+     * Two dimensions are compatible when:
+     *     1. they are equal, or
+     *     2. one of them is 1
+     *
+     * The size of the resulting output is the maximum size along each dimension
+     * of the input operands. It starts with the trailing dimensions, and works
+     * its way forward.
+     *
+     * Since HAL version 1.2, generic zero-sized input tensor is supported. Zero
+     * dimension is only compatible with 0 or 1. The size of the output
+     * dimension is zero if either of corresponding input dimension is zero.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType}, and compatible dimensions
+     *      as input0.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor,
+     *      the {@link FusedActivationFunc} must be "NONE".
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The product, a tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the following condition must be satisfied:
+     *      output_scale > input1_scale * input2_scale.
+     */
+    MUL = @1.2::OperationType:MUL,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes rectified linear activation on the input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output = max(0, input)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    RELU = @1.2::OperationType:RELU,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes rectified linear 1 activation on the input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output = min(1.f, max(-1.f, input))
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of the same shape as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    RELU1 = @1.2::OperationType:RELU1,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes rectified linear 6 activation on the input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output = min(6, max(0, input))
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    RELU6 = @1.2::OperationType:RELU6,
+
+    /**
+     * Reshapes a tensor.
+     *
+     * Given tensor, this operation returns a tensor that has the same values as
+     * tensor, but with a newly specified shape.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the tensor to be reshaped.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, defining the
+     *      shape of the output tensor. The number of elements implied by shape
+     *      must be the same as the number of elements in the input tensor.
+     *
+     *      If one component of shape is the special value -1, the size of that
+     *      dimension is computed so that the total size remains constant. In
+     *      particular, a shape of [-1] flattens into 1-D. At most one component
+     *      of shape can be -1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor, of shape specified by the input shape.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    RESHAPE = @1.2::OperationType:RESHAPE,
+
+    /**
+     * Resizes images to given size using the bilinear interpretation.
+     *
+     * Resized images must be distorted if their output aspect ratio is not the
+     * same as input aspect ratio. The corner pixels of output may not be the
+     * same as corner pixels of input.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Both resizing by shape and resizing by scale are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (resizing by shape):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      width of the output tensor.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      height of the output tensor.
+     * * 3: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 4: Align corners. An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL}
+     *      scalar, default to false.  If True, the centers of the 4 corner
+     *      pixels of the input and output tensors are aligned, preserving the
+     *      values at the corner pixels.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     * * 5: Half pixel centers. An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL}
+     *      scalar, default to false. If True, the pixel centers are assumed to
+     *      be at (0.5, 0.5). This is the default behavior of image.resize in
+     *      TF 2.0. If this parameter is True, then align_corners parameter
+     *      must be False.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     *
+     * Inputs (resizing by scale, since HAL version 1.2):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input. Zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying width_scale, the scaling factor of the width
+     *      dimension from the input tensor to the output tensor. The output
+     *      width is calculated as new_width = floor(width * width_scale).
+     *      The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if input0 is
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} otherwise.
+     * * 2: A scalar, specifying height_scale, the scaling factor of the height
+     *      dimension from the input tensor to the output tensor. The output
+     *      height is calculated as new_height = floor(height * height_scale).
+     *      The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if input0 is
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} otherwise.
+     * * 3: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     * * 4: Align corners. An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL}
+     *      scalar, default to false.  If True, the centers of the 4 corner
+     *      pixels of the input and output tensors are aligned, preserving the
+     *      values at the corner pixels.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     * * 5: Half pixel centers. An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL}
+     *      scalar, default to false. If True, the pixel centers are assumed to
+     *      be at (0.5, 0.5). This is the default behavior of image.resize in
+     *      TF 2.0. If this parameter is True, then align_corners parameter
+     *      must be False.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, new_height, new_width, depth].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    RESIZE_BILINEAR = @1.2::OperationType:RESIZE_BILINEAR,
+
+    /**
+     * A basic recurrent neural network layer.
+     *
+     * This layer implements the operation:
+     * outputs = state = activation(inputs * input_weights +
+     *                              state * recurrent_weights + bias)
+     *
+     * Where:
+     * * “input_weights” is a weight matrix that multiplies the inputs;
+     * * “recurrent_weights” is a weight matrix that multiplies the current
+     *    “state” which itself is the output from the previous time step
+     *    computation;
+     * * “bias” is a bias vector (added to each output vector in the batch);
+     * * “activation” is the function passed as the “fused_activation_function”
+     *   argument (if not “NONE”).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * The input tensors must all be the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: input.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, input_size], where “batch_size”
+     *      corresponds to the batching dimension, and “input_size” is the size
+     *      of the input.
+     * * 1: weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size], where “num_units”
+     *      corresponds to the number of units.
+     * * 2: recurrent_weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, num_units], with columns
+     *      corresponding to the weights from each unit.
+     * * 3: bias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 4: hidden state (in).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units].
+     * * 5: fused_activation_function.
+     *      An optional {@link FusedActivationFunc} value indicating the
+     *      activation function. If “NONE” is specified then it results in a
+     *      linear activation.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: hidden state (out).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units].
+     *
+     * * 1: output.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units]. This is effectively
+     *      the same as the current state value.
+     */
+    RNN = @1.2::OperationType:RNN,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the softmax activation on the input tensor element-wise, per
+     * batch, by normalizing the input vector so the maximum coefficient is
+     * zero.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output[batch, i] =
+     *         exp((input[batch, i] - max(input[batch, :])) * beta) /
+     *         sum_{k}{exp((input[batch, k] - max(input[batch, :])) * beta)}
+     *
+     * For input tensor with rank other than 2, the activation will be applied
+     * independently on each 1-D slice along specified dimension.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     * Tensors with rank other than 2 or 4 are only supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D or 4-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be reshaped.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying the positive scaling factor for the exponent,
+     *      beta. If input0 is of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}, the scalar
+     *      must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     *      If input0 is of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, then the
+     *      scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     * * 2: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, default to -1,
+     *      specifying the dimension the activation would be performed on.
+     *      Negative index is used to specify axis from the end (e.g. -1 for
+     *      the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 256 and the zeroPoint must be 0.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 256 and the zeroPoint must be -128.
+     */
+    SOFTMAX = @1.2::OperationType:SOFTMAX,
+
+    /**
+     * Rearranges blocks of spatial data, into depth.
+     *
+     * More specifically, this op outputs a copy of the input tensor where
+     * values from the height and width dimensions are moved to the depth
+     * dimension. The value block_size indicates the input block size and how
+     * the data is moved.
+     *
+     * Chunks of data of size block_size * block_size from depth are rearranged
+     * into non-overlapping blocks of size block_size x block_size.
+     *
+     * The depth of the output tensor is input_depth * block_size * block_size.
+     * The input tensor's height and width must be divisible by block_size.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the block_size.
+     *      block_size must be >=1 and block_size must be a divisor of both the
+     *      input height and width.
+     * * 2: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height/block_size,
+     *      width/block_size, depth_in*block_size*block_size].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    SPACE_TO_DEPTH = @1.2::OperationType:SPACE_TO_DEPTH,
+
+    /**
+     * SVDF op is a kind of stateful layer derived from the notion that a
+     * densely connected layer that's processing a sequence of input frames can
+     * be approximated by using a singular value decomposition of each of its
+     * nodes. The implementation is based on:
+     *
+     * https://research.google.com/pubs/archive/43813.pdf
+     *
+     * P. Nakkiran, R. Alvarez, R. Prabhavalkar, C. Parada.
+     * “Compressing Deep Neural Networks using a Rank-Constrained Topology”.
+     * INTERSPEECH, 2015.
+     *
+     * It processes the incoming input using a 2-stage filtering mechanism:
+     * * stage 1 performs filtering on the "features" dimension, whose outputs
+     *   get pushed into a memory of fixed-size memory_size.
+     * * stage 2 performs filtering on the "time" dimension of the memory_size
+     *   memoized outputs of stage 1.
+     *
+     * Specifically, for rank 1, this layer implements the operation:
+     *
+     *     memory = push(conv1d(inputs, weights_feature, feature_dim,
+     *                          "PADDING_VALID"));
+     *     outputs = activation(memory * weights_time + bias);
+     *
+     * Where:
+     * * “weights_feature” is a weights matrix that processes the inputs (by
+     *   convolving the input with every “feature filter”), and whose outputs
+     *   get pushed, stacked in order, into the fixed-size “memory” (the oldest
+     *   entry gets dropped);
+     * * “weights_time” is a weights matrix that processes the “memory” (by a
+     *   batched matrix multiplication on the num_units);
+     * * “bias” is an optional bias vector (added to each output vector in the
+     *   batch); and
+     * * “activation” is the function passed as the “fused_activation_function”
+     *   argument (if not “NONE”).
+     *
+     * Each rank adds a dimension to the weights matrices by means of stacking
+     * the filters.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * All input tensors must be the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: input.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, input_size], where “batch_size”
+     *      corresponds to the batching dimension, and “input_size” is the size
+     *      of the input.
+     * * 1: weights_feature.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size], where “num_units”
+     *      corresponds to the number of units.
+     * * 2: weights_time.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, memory_size], where “memory_size”
+     *      corresponds to the fixed-size of the memory.
+     * * 3: bias.
+     *      An optional 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 4: state (in).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, (memory_size - 1) * num_units * rank].
+     * * 5: rank.
+     *      The rank of the SVD approximation.
+     * * 6: fused_activation_function.
+     *      An optional {@link FusedActivationFunc} value indicating the
+     *      activation function. If “NONE” is specified then it results in a
+     *      linear activation.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: state (out).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as the inputs, with shape
+     *      [batch_size, (memory_size - 1) * num_units * rank].
+     * * 1: output.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as the inputs, with shape
+     *      [batch_size, num_units].
+     */
+    SVDF = @1.2::OperationType:SVDF,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes hyperbolic tangent of input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output = tanh(input)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 128 and the zeroPoint must be 128.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 128 and the zeroPoint must be 0.
+     */
+    TANH = @1.2::OperationType:TANH,
+
+    /**
+     * BatchToSpace for N-dimensional tensors.
+     *
+     * This operation reshapes the batch dimension (dimension 0) into M + 1
+     * dimensions of shape block_shape + [batch], interleaves these blocks back
+     * into the grid defined by the spatial dimensions [1, ..., M], to obtain a
+     * result with the same rank as the input.
+     *
+     * This is the reverse of SpaceToBatch.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be reshaped
+     * * 1: A 1-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, the block
+     *      sizes for each spatial dimension of the input tensor. All values
+     *      must be >= 1.
+     * * 2: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since API level 29.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    BATCH_TO_SPACE_ND = @1.2::OperationType:BATCH_TO_SPACE_ND,
+
+    /**
+     * Element-wise division of two tensors.
+     *
+     * Takes two input tensors of identical {@link OperandType} and compatible
+     * dimensions. The output is the result of dividing the first input tensor
+     * by the second, optionally modified by an activation function.
+     *
+     * For inputs of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, performs
+     * "floor division" ("//" in Python). For example,
+     *     5 // 2 = 2
+     *    -5 // 2 = -3
+     *
+     * Two dimensions are compatible when:
+     *     1. they are equal, or
+     *     2. one of them is 1
+     *
+     * The size of the output is the maximum size along each dimension of the
+     * input operands. It starts with the trailing dimensions, and works its way
+     * forward.
+     *
+     * Example:
+     *     input1.dimension =    {4, 1, 2}
+     *     input2.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 1}
+     *     output.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 2}
+     *
+     * Since HAL version 1.2, generic zero-sized input tensor is supported. Zero
+     * dimension is only compatible with 0 or 1. The size of the output
+     * dimension is zero if either of corresponding input dimension is zero.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the first input.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType}, and compatible dimensions
+     *      as input0.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor,
+     *      the {@link FusedActivationFunc} must be "NONE".
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     */
+    DIV = @1.2::OperationType:DIV,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the mean of elements across dimensions of a tensor.
+     *
+     * Reduces the input tensor along the given dimensions to reduce. Unless
+     * keep_dims is true, the rank of the tensor is reduced by 1 for each entry
+     * in axis. If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are retained with
+     * length 1.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A 1-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Must be in the range
+     *      [-rank(input_tensor), rank(input_tensor)).
+     *
+     *      NOTE: When the operation was introduced, the documentation
+     *      incorrectly stated that if dimensions were empty, the operation
+     *      would reduce across all dimensions. This behavior was never
+     *      implemented.
+     *
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, keep_dims. If positive,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    MEAN = @1.2::OperationType:MEAN,
+
+    /**
+     * Pads a tensor.
+     *
+     * This operation pads a tensor according to the specified paddings.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *   (full support since HAL version 1.2, see the output section)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be padded.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, the paddings
+     *      for each spatial dimension of the input tensor. The shape of the
+     *      tensor must be {rank(input0), 2}.
+     *      padding[i, 0] specifies the number of elements to be padded in the
+     *      front of dimension i.
+     *      padding[i, 1] specifies the number of elements to be padded after the
+     *      end of dimension i.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0. The
+     *      output tensor has the same rank as input0, and each
+     *      dimension of the output tensor has the same size as the
+     *      corresponding dimension of the input tensor plus the size
+     *      of the padding:
+     *          output0.dimension[i] =
+     *              padding[i, 0] + input0.dimension[i] + padding[i, 1]
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     *
+     *      NOTE: Before HAL version 1.2, the pad value for
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} is undefined.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, the pad value is always the logical zero.
+     */
+    PAD = @1.2::OperationType:PAD,
+
+    /**
+     * SpaceToBatch for N-Dimensional tensors.
+     *
+     * This operation divides "spatial" dimensions [1, ..., M] of the input into
+     * a grid of blocks of shape block_shape, and interleaves these blocks with
+     * the "batch" dimension (0) such that in the output, the spatial dimensions
+     * [1, ..., M] correspond to the position within the grid, and the batch
+     * dimension combines both the position within a spatial block and the
+     * original batch position. Prior to division into blocks, the spatial
+     * dimensions of the input are optionally zero padded according to paddings.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *   (full support since HAL version 1.2, see the output section)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A 1-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, the block
+     *      sizes for each spatial dimension of the input tensor. All values
+     *      must be >= 1.
+     * * 2: A 2-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, the paddings
+     *      for each spatial dimension of the input tensor. All values must be
+     *      >= 0. The shape of the tensor must be {M, 2}, where M is the number
+     *      of spatial dimensions.
+     *      padding[i, 0] specifies the number of element to be padded in the
+     *      front of dimension i.
+     *      padding[i, 1] specifies the number of element to be padded after the
+     *      end of dimension i.
+     * * 3: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     *
+     *      NOTE: Before HAL version 1.2, the pad value for
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} is undefined.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, the pad value is always the logical zero.
+     */
+    SPACE_TO_BATCH_ND = @1.2::OperationType:SPACE_TO_BATCH_ND,
+
+    /**
+     * Removes dimensions of size 1 from the shape of a tensor.
+     *
+     * Given a tensor input, this operation returns a tensor of the same
+     * {@link OperandType} with all dimensions of size 1 removed. If you don't
+     * want to remove all size 1 dimensions, you can remove specific size 1
+     * dimensions by specifying the axes (input1).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, the tensor to be squeezed.
+     * * 1: An optional 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The
+     *      dimensions to squeeze. If specified only squeezes the dimensions
+     *      listed. Otherwise, squeezes all dimensions. The dimension index
+     *      starts at 0. An error must be reported if squeezing a dimension that
+     *      is not 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0. Contains the
+     *      same data as input, but has one or more dimensions of size 1
+     *      removed.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    SQUEEZE = @1.2::OperationType:SQUEEZE,
+
+    /**
+     * Extracts a strided slice of a tensor.
+     *
+     * Roughly speaking, this op extracts a slice of size (end - begin) / stride
+     * from the given input tensor. Starting at the location specified by begin
+     * the slice continues by adding stride to the index until all dimensions
+     * are not less than end. Note that a stride can be negative, which causes a
+     * reverse slice.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be sliced.
+     * * 1: begin, a 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The
+     *      starts of the dimensions of the input tensor to be sliced. The
+     *      length must be of rank(input0).
+     * * 2: end, a 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The
+     *      ends of the dimensions of the input tensor to be sliced. The length
+     *      must be of rank(input0).
+     * * 3: strides, a 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The
+     *      strides of the dimensions of the input tensor to be sliced. The
+     *      length must be of rank(input0). The entries must be non-zero.
+     * * 4: begin_mask, an {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar. If the ith bit
+     *      of begin_mask is set, begin[i] is ignored and the fullest possible
+     *      range in that dimension is used instead.
+     * * 5: end_mask, an {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar. If the ith bit of
+     *      end_mask is set, end[i] is ignored and the fullest possible range in
+     *      that dimension is used instead.
+     * * 6: shrink_axis_mask, an {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar. If the
+     *      ith bit of shrink_axis_mask is set, the ith dimension specification
+     *      shrinks the dimensionality by 1, taking on the value at index
+     *      begin[i]. In this case, the ith specification must define a
+     *      slice of size 1, e.g. begin[i] = x, end[i] = x + 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0 and rank (n - k),
+     *      where k is the number of bits set in shrink_axis_mask.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    STRIDED_SLICE = @1.2::OperationType:STRIDED_SLICE,
+
+    /**
+     * Element-wise subtraction of two tensors.
+     *
+     * Takes two input tensors of identical {@link OperandType} and compatible
+     * dimensions. The output is the result of subtracting the second input
+     * tensor from the first one, optionally modified by an activation function.
+     *
+     * Two dimensions are compatible when:
+     *     1. they are equal, or
+     *     2. one of them is 1
+     *
+     * The size of the output is the maximum size along each dimension of the
+     * input operands. It starts with the trailing dimensions, and works its way
+     * forward.
+     *
+     * Example:
+     *     input1.dimension =    {4, 1, 2}
+     *     input2.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 1}
+     *     output.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 2}
+     *
+     * Since HAL version 1.2, generic zero-sized input tensor is supported. Zero
+     * dimension is only compatible with 0 or 1. The size of the output
+     * dimension is zero if either of corresponding input dimension is zero.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the first input.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType}, and compatible dimensions
+     *      as input0.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor,
+     *      the {@link FusedActivationFunc} must be "NONE".
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    SUB = @1.2::OperationType:SUB,
+
+    /**
+     * Transposes the input tensor, permuting the dimensions according to the
+     * perm tensor.
+     *
+     * The returned tensor's dimension i corresponds to the input dimension
+     * perm[i]. If perm is not given, it is set to (n-1...0), where n is the
+     * rank of the input tensor. Hence by default, this operation performs a
+     * regular matrix transpose on 2-D input Tensors.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be transposed.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     * * 1: An optional 1-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      the permutation of the dimensions of the input tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    TRANSPOSE = @1.2::OperationType:TRANSPOSE,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the absolute value of a tensor, element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    ABS = @1.2::OperationType:ABS,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the index of the largest element along an axis.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor specifying the input. Must be non-empty.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the axis to
+     *      reduce across. Negative index is used to specify axis from the
+     *      end (e.g. -1 for the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An (n - 1)-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor.
+     */
+    // There is no underscore in ARG_MAX to avoid name conflict with
+    // the macro defined in libc/kernel/uapi/linux/limits.h.
+    ARGMAX = @1.2::OperationType:ARGMAX,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the index of the smallest element along an axis.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor specifying the input. Must be non-empty.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the axis to
+     *      reduce across. Negative index is used to specify axis from the
+     *      end (e.g. -1 for the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An (n - 1)-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor.
+     */
+    ARGMIN = @1.2::OperationType:ARGMIN,  // See ARGMAX for naming discussion.
+
+    /**
+     * Transform axis-aligned bounding box proposals using bounding box deltas.
+     *
+     * Given the positions of bounding box proposals and the corresponding
+     * bounding box deltas for each class, return the refined bounding box
+     * regions. The resulting bounding boxes are cliped against the edges of
+     * the image.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_rois, 4], specifying the locations of the
+     *      bounding box proposals, each line with format [x1, y1, x2, y2].
+     *      For tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM},
+     *      the zeroPoint must be 0 and the scale must be 0.125. Zero num_rois
+     *      is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_rois, num_classes * 4], specifying the
+     *      bounding box delta for each region of interest and each class. The
+     *      bounding box deltas are organized in the following order
+     *      [dx, dy, dw, dh], where dx and dy is the relative correction factor
+     *      for the center position of the bounding box with respect to the width
+     *      and height, dw and dh is the log-scale relative correction factor
+     *      for the width and height. For input0 of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, this tensor should be
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}. Zero num_rois is
+     *      supported for this tensor.
+     * * 2: An 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes with
+     *      the same batch index are grouped together. Zero num_rois is
+     *      supported for this tensor.
+     * * 3: A 2-D Tensor of shape [batches, 2], specifying the information of
+     *      each image in the batch, each line with format
+     *      [image_height, image_width].
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0, with shape
+     *      [num_rois, num_classes * 4], specifying the coordinates of each
+     *      output bounding box for each class, with format [x1, y1, x2, y2].
+     *      For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, the
+     *      scale must be 0.125 and the zero point must be 0.
+     */
+    AXIS_ALIGNED_BBOX_TRANSFORM = @1.2::OperationType:AXIS_ALIGNED_BBOX_TRANSFORM,
+
+    /**
+     * A recurrent neural network layer that applies an LSTM cell to a
+     * sequence of inputs in forward and backward directions.
+     *
+     * The op supports cross-linking via an auxiliary input. Regular cell feeds
+     * one input into the two RNN cells in the following way:
+     *
+     *       INPUT  (INPUT_REVERSED)
+     *         |         |
+     *    ---------------------
+     *    | FW_LSTM   BW_LSTM |
+     *    ---------------------
+     *         |         |
+     *      FW_OUT     BW_OUT
+     *
+     * An op with cross-linking takes two inputs and feeds them into the RNN
+     * cells in the following way:
+     *
+     *       AUX_INPUT   (AUX_INPUT_REVERSED)
+     *           |             |
+     *     INPUT | (INPUT_R'D.)|
+     *       |   |       |     |
+     *    -----------------------
+     *    |  \  /        \    / |
+     *    | FW_LSTM     BW_LSTM |
+     *    -----------------------
+     *         |           |
+     *      FW_OUT      BW_OUT
+     *
+     * The cross-linking mode is enabled iff auxiliary input and auxiliary
+     * weights are present. While stacking this op on top of itself, this
+     * allows to connect both forward and backward outputs from previous cell
+     * to the next cell's input.
+     *
+     * Since HAL version 1.3 parallel linking mode is supported. The mode is
+     * enabled if auxiliary input is present but auxiliary weights are omitted.
+     * In this case, the cell feeds inputs into the RNN in the following way:
+     *
+     *       INPUT (AUX_INPUT_REVERSED)
+     *         |         |
+     *    ---------------------
+     *    | FW_LSTM   BW_LSTM |
+     *    ---------------------
+     *         |         |
+     *      FW_OUT     BW_OUT
+     *
+     * While stacking this op on top of itself, this allows to connect both
+     * forward and backward outputs from previous cell to the next cell's
+     * corresponding inputs.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 3, either time-major or batch-major.
+     *
+     * All input and output tensors must be of the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: The input.
+     *      A 3-D tensor of shape:
+     *        If time-major: [max_time, batch_size, input_size]
+     *        If batch-major: [batch_size, max_time, input_size]
+     *      where "max_time" is the number of timesteps (sequence length),
+     *      "batch_size" corresponds to the batching dimension, and
+     *      "input_size" is the size of the input.
+     * * 1: The forward input-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, input_size], where “fw_num_units”
+     *      corresponds to the number of forward cell units.
+     * * 2: The forward input-to-forget weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 3: The forward input-to-cell weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 4: The forward input-to-output weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 5: The forward recurrent-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, fw_output_size], where “fw_output_size”
+     *      corresponds to either the number of cell units (i.e., fw_num_units),
+     *      or the second dimension of the “fw_projection_weights”, if defined.
+     * * 6: The forward recurrent-to-forget weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, fw_output_size].
+     * * 7: The forward recurrent-to-cell weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, fw_output_size].
+     * * 8: The forward recurrent-to-output weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, fw_output_size].
+     * * 9: The forward cell-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 10: The forward cell-to-forget weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 11: The forward cell-to-output weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 12: The forward input gate bias. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 13: The forward forget gate bias.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 14: The forward cell gate bias.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 15: The forward output gate bias.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 16: The forward projection weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_output_size, fw_num_units].
+     * * 17: The forward projection bias. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_output_size].
+     * * 18: The backward input-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, input_size], where “bw_num_units”
+     *       corresponds to the number of backward cell units.
+     * * 19: The backward input-to-forget weights.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 20: The backward input-to-cell weights.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 21: The backward input-to-output weights.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 22: The backward recurrent-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, bw_output_size], where “bw_output_size”
+     *       corresponds to either the number of cell units (i.e., “bw_num_units”),
+     *       or the second dimension of the “bw_projection_weights”, if defined.
+     * * 23: The backward recurrent-to-forget weights.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, bw_output_size].
+     * * 24: The backward recurrent-to-cell weights.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, bw_output_size].
+     * * 25: The backward recurrent-to-output weights.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, bw_output_size].
+     * * 26: The backward cell-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 27: The backward cell-to-forget weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 28: The backward cell-to-output weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 29: The backward input gate bias. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 30: The backward forget gate bias.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 31: The backward cell gate bias.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 32: The backward output gate bias.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 33: The backward projection weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_output_size, bw_num_units].
+     * * 34: The backward projection bias. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_output_size].
+     * * 35: The forward input activation state.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, bw_output_size].
+     * * 36: The forward input cell state.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, bw_num_units].
+     * * 37: The backward input activation state.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, bw_output_size].
+     * * 38: The backward input cell state.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, bw_num_units].
+     * * 39: The auxiliary input. Optional.
+     *       A 3-D tensor of shape [max_time, batch_size, aux_input_size],
+     *       where “batch_size” corresponds to the batching dimension, and
+     *       “aux_input_size” is the size of the auxiliary input. Optional. See
+     *       the docs above for the usage modes explanation.
+     * * 40: The forward auxiliary input-to-input weights.
+     *       Optional. See the docs above for the usage modes explanation.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, aux_input_size].
+     * * 41: The forward auxiliary input-to-forget weights.
+     *       Optional. See the docs above for the usage modes explanation.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, aux_input_size].
+     * * 42: The forward auxiliary input-to-cell weights.
+     *       Optional. See the docs above for the usage modes explanation.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, aux_input_size].
+     * * 43: The forward auxiliary input-to-output weights.
+     *       Optional. See the docs above for the usage modes explanation.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, aux_input_size].
+     * * 44: The backward auxiliary input-to-input weights.
+     *       Optional. See the docs above for the usage modes explanation.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, aux_input_size].
+     * * 45: The backward auxiliary input-to-forget weights.
+     *       Optional. See the docs above for the usage modes explanation.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, aux_input_size].
+     * * 46: The backward auxiliary input-to-cell weights.
+     *       Optional. See the docs above for the usage modes explanation.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, aux_input_size].
+     * * 47: The backward auxiliary input-to-output weights.
+     *       Optional. See the docs above for the usage modes explanation.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, aux_input_size].
+     * * 48: The activation function.
+     *       A value indicating the activation function:
+     *       <ul>
+     *       <li>0: None;
+     *       <li>1: Relu;
+     *       <li>3: Relu6;
+     *       <li>4: Tanh;
+     *       <li>6: Sigmoid.
+     *       </ul>
+     * * 49: The clipping threshold for the cell state, such
+     *       that values are bound within [-cell_clip, cell_clip]. If set to 0.0
+     *       then clipping is disabled.
+     *       If all the input tensors have type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
+     *       this scalar must be of the type {@link OperandType::FLOAT32},
+     *       otherwise if all the input tensors have the type
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, this scalar must be
+     *       of type {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     * * 50: The clipping threshold for the output from the
+     *       projection layer, such that values are bound within
+     *       [-proj_clip, proj_clip]. If set to 0.0 then clipping is disabled.
+     *       If all the input tensors have type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
+     *       this scalar must be of the type {@link OperandType::FLOAT32},
+     *       otherwise if all the input tensors have the type
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, this scalar must be
+     *       of type {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     * * 51: merge_outputs
+     *       An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar specifying if the outputs
+     *       from forward and backward cells should be merged.
+     * * 52: time_major
+     *       An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar specifying the shape format
+     *       of input and output tensors.
+     * * 53: The forward input layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at input gate.
+     * * 54: The forward forget layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at forget gate.
+     * * 55: The forward cell layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at cell gate.
+     * * 56: The forward output layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at output gate.
+     * * 57: The backward input layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at input gate.
+     * * 58: The backward forget layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at forget gate.
+     * * 59: The backward cell layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at cell gate.
+     * * 60: The backward output layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at output gate.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The forward output.
+     *      A 3-D tensor of shape:
+     *        If time-major and not merge_outputs:
+     *          [max_time, batch_size, fw_output_size]
+     *        If time-major and merge_outputs:
+     *          [max_time, batch_size, fw_output_size + bw_output_size]
+     *        If batch-major and not merge_outputs:
+     *          [batch_size, max_time, fw_output_size]
+     *        If batch-major and merge_outputs:
+     *          [batch_size, max_time, fw_output_size + bw_output_size]
+     * * 1: The backward output.  Unused if merge_outputs is true.
+     *      A 3-D tensor of shape:
+     *        If time-major: [max_time, batch_size, bw_output_size]
+     *        If batch-major: [batch_size, max_time, bw_output_size]
+     * * 2: The forward activation state output.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, fw_output_size] containing an
+     *      activation state from the last time step in the sequence. This
+     *      output is optional and can be omitted. If this output is present
+     *      then outputs 3-5 must be present as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     * * 3: The forward cell state output.
+     *      A tensor of shape [batch_size, fw_cell_size] containing a cell state
+     *      from the last time step in the sequence. This output is optional
+     *      and can be omitted. If this output is present
+     *      then outputs 2, 4, 5 must be present as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     * * 4: The backward activation state output.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, bw_output_size] containing an
+     *      activation state from the last time step in the sequence. This
+     *      output is optional and can be omitted. If this output is present
+     *      then outputs 2, 3, 5 must be present as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     * * 5: The backward cell state output.
+     *      A tensor of shape [batch_size, bw_cell_size] containing a cell state
+     *      from the last time step in the sequence. This output is optional
+     *      and can be omitted. If this output is present
+     *      then outputs 2-4 must be present as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     */
+    BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM = @1.2::OperationType:BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM,
+
+    /**
+     * A recurrent neural network layer that applies a basic RNN cell to a
+     * sequence of inputs in forward and backward directions.
+     *
+     * This Op unrolls the input along the sequence dimension, and implements
+     * the following operation for each element in the sequence s =
+     * 1...sequence_length:
+     *   fw_outputs[s] = fw_state = activation(inputs[s] * fw_input_weights’ +
+     *          fw_state * fw_recurrent_weights’ + fw_bias)
+     *
+     * And for each element in sequence t = sequence_length : 1
+     *   bw_outputs[t] = bw_state = activation(inputs[t] * bw_input_weights’ +
+     *          bw_state * bw_recurrent_weights’ + bw_bias)
+     *
+     * Where:
+     * * “{fw,bw}_input_weights” is a weight matrix that multiplies the inputs;
+     * * “{fw,bw}_recurrent_weights” is a weight matrix that multiplies the
+     *    current “state” which itself is the output from the previous time step
+     *    computation;
+     * * “{fw,bw}_bias” is a bias vector (added to each output vector in the
+     *    batch);
+     * * “activation” is the function passed as the “fused_activation_function”
+     *   argument (if not “NONE”).
+     *
+     * The op supports cross-linking via an auxiliary input. Regular cell feeds
+     * one input into the two RNN cells in the following way:
+     *
+     *       INPUT  (INPUT_REVERSED)
+     *         |         |
+     *    ---------------------
+     *    | FW_RNN     BW_RNN |
+     *    ---------------------
+     *         |         |
+     *      FW_OUT     BW_OUT
+     *
+     * An op with cross-linking takes two inputs and feeds them into the RNN
+     * cells in the following way:
+     *
+     *       AUX_INPUT   (AUX_INPUT_REVERSED)
+     *           |             |
+     *     INPUT | (INPUT_R'D.)|
+     *       |   |       |     |
+     *    -----------------------
+     *    |  \  /        \    / |
+     *    | FW_RNN       BW_RNN |
+     *    -----------------------
+     *         |           |
+     *      FW_OUT      BW_OUT
+     *
+     * The cross-linking mode is enabled iff auxiliary input and auxiliary
+     * weights are present. While stacking this op on top of itself, this
+     * allows to connect both forward and backward outputs from previous cell
+     * to the next cell's input.
+     *
+     * Since HAL version 1.3 parallel linking mode is supported. The mode is
+     * enabled if auxiliary input is present but auxiliary weights are omitted.
+     * In this case, the cell feeds inputs into the RNN in the following way:
+     *
+     *       INPUT (AUX_INPUT_REVERSED)
+     *         |         |
+     *    ---------------------
+     *    | FW_RNN     BW_RNN |
+     *    ---------------------
+     *         |         |
+     *      FW_OUT     BW_OUT
+     *
+     * While stacking this op on top of itself, this allows to connect both
+     * forward and backward outputs from previous cell to the next cell's
+     * corresponding inputs.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * The input tensors must all be the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: input.
+     *      A 3-D tensor. The shape is defined by the input 6 (timeMajor). If
+     *      it is set to true, then the input has a shape [maxTime, batchSize,
+     *      inputSize], otherwise the input has a shape [batchSize, maxTime,
+     *      inputSize].
+     * * 1: fwWeights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fwNumUnits, inputSize].
+     * * 2: fwRecurrentWeights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fwNumUnits, fwNumUnits].
+     * * 3: fwBias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [fwNumUnits].
+     * * 4: fwHiddenState.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batchSize, fwNumUnits]. Specifies a hidden
+     *      state input for the first time step of the computation.
+     * * 5: bwWeights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [bwNumUnits, inputSize].
+     * * 6: bwRecurrentWeights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [bwNumUnits, bwNumUnits].
+     * * 7: bwBias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [bwNumUnits].
+     * * 8: bwHiddenState
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batchSize, bwNumUnits]. Specifies a hidden
+     *      state input for the first time step of the computation.
+     * * 9: auxInput.
+     *      A 3-D tensor. The shape is defined by the input 6 (timeMajor). If
+     *      it is set to true, then the input has a shape [maxTime, batchSize,
+     *      auxInputSize], otherwise the input has a shape [batchSize, maxTime,
+     *      auxInputSize]. Can be omitted. See the docs above for the usage
+     *      modes explanation.
+     * * 10:fwAuxWeights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fwNumUnits, auxInputSize]. Can be omitted.
+     *      See the docs above for the usage modes explanation.
+     * * 11:bwAuxWeights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [bwNumUnits, auxInputSize]. Can be omitted.
+     *      See the docs above for the usage modes explanation.
+     * * 12:fusedActivationFunction.
+     *      A {@link FusedActivationFunc} value indicating the activation function. If
+     *      “NONE” is specified then it results in a linear activation.
+     * * 13:timeMajor
+     *      An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar specifying the shape format
+     *      of input and output tensors.
+     * * 14:mergeOutputs
+     *      An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar specifying if the outputs
+     *      from forward and backward cells are separate (if set to false) or
+     *      concatenated (if set to true).
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: fwOutput.
+     *      A 3-D tensor. The first two dimensions of the shape are defined by
+     *      the input 6 (timeMajor) and the third dimension is defined by the
+     *      input 14 (mergeOutputs). If timeMajor is set to true, then the first
+     *      two dimensions are [maxTime, batchSize], otherwise they are set to
+     *      [batchSize, maxTime]. If mergeOutputs is set to true, then the third
+     *      dimension is equal to (fwNumUnits + bwNumUnits), otherwise it is set
+     *      to fwNumUnits.
+     * * 1: bwOutput.
+     *      A 3-D tensor. If the input 14 (mergeOutputs) is set to true, then
+     *      this tensor is not produced. The shape is defined by the input 6
+     *      (timeMajor). If it is set to true, then the shape is set to
+     *      [maxTime, batchSize, bwNumUnits], otherwise the shape is set to
+     *      [batchSize, maxTime, bwNumUnits].
+     * * 2: The forward hidden state output.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batchSize, fwNumUnits] containing a hidden
+     *      state from the last time step in the sequence. This output is
+     *      optional and can be omitted. If this output is present then output
+     *      3 must be present as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     * * 3: The backward hidden state output.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batchSize, bwNumUnits] containing a hidden
+     *      state from the last time step in the sequence. This output is
+     *      optional and can be omitted. If this output is present then output
+     *      2 must be present as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     */
+    BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN = @1.2::OperationType:BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN,
+
+    /**
+     * Greedily selects a subset of bounding boxes in descending order of score.
+     *
+     * This op applies NMS algorithm to each class. In each loop of execution,
+     * the box with maximum score gets selected and removed from the pending set.
+     * The scores of the rest of boxes are lowered according to the
+     * intersection-over-union (IOU) overlapping with the previously selected
+     * boxes and a specified NMS kernel method. Any boxes with score less
+     * than a threshold are removed from the pending set.
+     *
+     * Three NMS kernels are supported:
+     * * Hard:     score_new = score_old * (1 if IoU < threshold else 0)
+     * * Linear:   score_new = score_old * (1 if IoU < threshold else 1 - IoU)
+     * * Gaussian: score_new = score_old * exp(- IoU^2 / sigma)
+     *
+     * Axis-aligned bounding boxes are represented by its upper-left corner
+     * coordinate (x1,y1) and lower-right corner coordinate (x2,y2). A valid
+     * bounding box should satisfy x1 <= x2 and y1 <= y2.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_rois, num_classes], specifying the score
+     *      of each bounding box proposal. The boxes are grouped by batches in the
+     *      first dimension. Zero num_rois is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor specifying the bounding boxes of shape
+     *      [num_rois, num_classes * 4], organized in the order [x1, y1, x2, y2].
+     *      The boxes are grouped by batches in the first dimension. The sequential
+     *      order of the boxes corresponds with input0. For input0 of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, this tensor should be of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, with zeroPoint of 0 and
+     *      scale of 0.125.
+     *      For input0 of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      this tensor should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM},
+     *      with zeroPoint of -128 and scale of 0.125.
+     *      Zero num_rois is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 2: A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes with
+     *      the same batch index are grouped together.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, score_threshold. Boxes
+     *      with scores lower than the threshold are filtered before sending
+     *      to the NMS algorithm.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the maximum
+     *      number of selected bounding boxes for each image. Set to a negative
+     *      value for unlimited number of output bounding boxes.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the NMS
+     *      kernel method, options are 0:hard, 1:linear, 2:gaussian.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the IoU
+     *      threshold in hard and linear NMS kernel. This field is ignored if
+     *      gaussian kernel is selected.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the sigma in
+     *      gaussian NMS kernel. This field is ignored if gaussian kernel is
+     *      not selected.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, nms_score_threshold.
+     *      Boxes with scores lower than the threshold are dropped during the
+     *      score updating phase in soft NMS.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A 1-D Tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0, with shape
+     *      [num_output_rois], specifying the score of each output box. The boxes
+     *      are grouped by batches, but the sequential order in each batch is not
+     *      guaranteed. For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      guaranteed. For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the scale and zero point must be the same as input0.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input1, with shape
+     *      [num_output_rois, 4], specifying the coordinates of each
+     *      output bounding box with the same format as input1. The sequential
+     *      order of the boxes corresponds with output0. For type of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, the scale must be
+     *      0.125 and the zero point must be 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_output_rois], specifying the class of each output box. The
+     *      sequential order of the boxes corresponds with output0.
+     * * 3: A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_output_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes
+     *      with the same batch index are grouped together.
+     */
+    BOX_WITH_NMS_LIMIT = @1.2::OperationType:BOX_WITH_NMS_LIMIT,
+
+    /**
+     * Casts a tensor to a type.
+     *
+     * This operation ignores the scale and zeroPoint of quanized tensors,
+     * e.g. it treats a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} input
+     * as a tensor of uint8 values.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * Since HAL version 1.3, casting tensors of the following
+     * {@link OperandType} to the same {@link OperandType} is supported:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor with the same shape as input0.
+     */
+    CAST = @1.2::OperationType:CAST,
+
+    /**
+     * Shuffle the channels of the input tensor.
+     *
+     * Given an input tensor and a integer value of num_groups, CHANNEL_SHUFFLE
+     * divide the channel dimension into num_groups groups, and reorganize the
+     * channels by grouping channels with the same index in each group.
+     *
+     * Along the channel dimension, the output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output_channel[k * num_groups + g] = input_channel[g * group_size + k]
+     *
+     * where group_size = num_channels / num_groups
+     *
+     * The number of channels must be divisible by num_groups.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be shuffled.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
+     *      groups.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dimension
+     *      channel shuffle would be performed on. Negative index is used to
+     *      specify axis from the end (e.g. -1 for the last axis). Must be in
+     *      the range [-n, n).
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and same shape as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    CHANNEL_SHUFFLE = @1.2::OperationType:CHANNEL_SHUFFLE,
+
+    /**
+     * Apply postprocessing steps to bounding box detections.
+     *
+     * Bounding box detections are generated by applying transformation on a set
+     * of predefined anchors with the bounding box deltas from bounding box
+     * regression. A final step of hard NMS is applied to limit the number of
+     * returned boxes.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 3-D Tensor of shape [batches, num_anchors, num_classes], specifying
+     *      the score of each anchor with each class. Class 0 for each
+     *      [batches, num_anchors, 0] is background and will be ignored.
+     * * 1: A 3-D Tensor of shape [batches, num_anchors, length_box_encoding], with
+     *      the first four values in length_box_encoding specifying the bounding
+     *      box deltas. The box deltas are encoded in the order of [dy, dx, dh, dw],
+     *      where dy and dx is the linear-scale relative correction factor for the
+     *      center position of the bounding box with respect to the width and height,
+     *      dh and dw is the log-scale relative correction factor for the width and
+     *      height. All the entries in length_box_encoding beyond the first four
+     *      values are ignored in this operation.
+     * * 2: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_anchors, 4], specifying the shape of each
+     *      predefined anchor, with format [ctr_y, ctr_x, h, w], where ctr_y and
+     *      ctr_x are the center position of the box, and h and w are the height
+     *      and the width.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the scaling
+     *      factor for dy in bounding box deltas.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the scaling
+     *      factor for dx in bounding box deltas.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the scaling
+     *      factor for dh in bounding box deltas.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the scaling
+     *      factor for dw in bounding box deltas.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to use regular
+     *      multi-class NMS algorithm that do NMS separately for each class,
+     *      set to false for a faster algorithm that only do one single NMS
+     *      using the highest class score..
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, max_num_detections, specifying
+     *      the maximum number of boxes for the output. Boxes with the lowest
+     *      scores are discarded to meet the limit.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, only used when input7 is
+     *      set to false, specifying the maximum number of classes per detection.
+     * * 10: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, only used when input7 is
+     *       set to true, specifying the maximum number of detections when
+     *       applying NMS algorithm for each single class.
+     * * 11: A scalar, score_threshold. Boxes with scores lower than the
+     *       threshold are filtered before sending to the NMS algorithm. The
+     *       scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if input0 is of
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *       {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} if input0 is of
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     * * 12: A scalar, specifying the IoU threshold for hard NMS. The scalar
+     *       must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if input0 is of
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *       {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} if input0 is of
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     * * 13: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to include
+     *       background class in the list of label map for the output, set
+     *       to false to not include the background. When the background
+     *       class is included, it has label 0 and the output classes start
+     *       at 1 in the label map, otherwise, the output classes start at 0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0, with shape
+     *      [batches, max_num_detections], specifying the score of each output
+     *      detections.
+     * * 1: A 3-D tensor of shape [batches, max_num_detections, 4], specifying the
+     *      coordinates of each output bounding box, with format
+     *      [y1, x1, y2, x2].
+     * * 2: A 2-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, max_num_detections], specifying the class label for each
+     *      output detection.
+     * * 3: An 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape [batches],
+     *      specifying the number of valid output detections for each batch.
+     */
+    DETECTION_POSTPROCESSING = @1.2::OperationType:DETECTION_POSTPROCESSING,
+
+    /**
+     * For input tensors x and y, computes x == y elementwise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions compatible
+     *      with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    EQUAL = @1.2::OperationType:EQUAL,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes exponential of x element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    EXP = @1.2::OperationType:EXP,
+
+    /**
+     * Inserts a dimension of 1 into a tensor's shape.
+     *
+     * Given a tensor input, this operation inserts a dimension of 1 at the
+     * given dimension index of input's shape. The dimension index starts at
+     * zero; if you specify a negative dimension index, it is counted backward
+     * from the end.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the dimension
+     *      index to expand. Must be in the range [-(n + 1), (n + 1)).
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An (n + 1)-D tensor with the same {@link OperandType} and data as
+     *      input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    EXPAND_DIMS = @1.2::OperationType:EXPAND_DIMS,
+
+    /**
+     * Gathers values along an axis.
+     *
+     * Produces an output tensor with shape
+     *     input0.dimension[:axis] + indices.dimension + input0.dimension[axis + 1:]
+     * where:
+     *     # Vector indices (output is rank(input0)).
+     *     output[a_0, ..., a_n, i, b_0, ..., b_n] =
+     *       input0[a_0, ..., a_n, indices[i], b_0, ..., b_n]
+     *
+     *     # Higher rank indices (output is rank(input0) + rank(indices) - 1).
+     *     output[a_0, ..., a_n, i, ..., j, b_0, ... b_n] =
+     *       input0[a_0, ..., a_n, indices[i, ..., j], b_0, ..., b_n]
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor from which to gather values.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the axis.
+     *      Negative index is used to specify axis from the end
+     *      (e.g. -1 for the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: A k-D tensor {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} of indices.
+     *      The values must be in the bounds of the corresponding dimensions
+     *      of input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An (n + k - 1)-D tensor with the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    GATHER = @1.2::OperationType:GATHER,
+
+    /**
+     * Generate aixs-aligned bounding box proposals.
+     *
+     * Bounding box proposals are generated by applying transformation on a set
+     * of predefined anchors with the bounding box deltas from bounding box
+     * regression. A final step of hard NMS is applied to limit the number of
+     * returned boxes.
+     *
+     * Axis-aligned bounding boxes are represented by its upper-left corner
+     * coordinate (x1,y1) and lower-right corner coordinate (x2,y2). A valid
+     * bounding box should satisfy x1 <= x2 and y1 <= y2.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D Tensor specifying the score of each anchor at each
+     *      location. With "NHWC" data layout, the tensor shape is
+     *      [batches, height, width, num_anchors]. With "NCHW" data layout,
+     *      the tensor shape is [batches, num_anchors, height, width].
+     * * 1: A 4-D Tensor specifying the bounding box deltas. With "NHWC" data
+     *      layout, the tensor shape is [batches, height, width, num_anchors * 4].
+     *      With "NCHW" data layout, the tensor shape is
+     *      [batches, num_anchors * 4, height, width]. The box deltas are encoded
+     *      in the order of [dx, dy, dw, dh], where dx and dy is the linear-scale
+     *      relative correction factor for the center position of the bounding box
+     *      with respect to the width and height, dw and dh is the log-scale
+     *      relative correction factor for the width and height. The last
+     *      dimensions is the channel dimension.
+     * * 2: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_anchors, 4], specifying the shape of each
+     *      predefined anchor, with format [x1, y1, x2, y2]. For input0 of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}, this tensor should be of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}, with scale of 0.125.
+     * * 3: A 2-D Tensor of shape [batches, 2], specifying the size of
+     *      each image in the batch, with format [image_height, image_width].
+     *      For input0 of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}, this
+     *      tensor should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}, with
+     *      scale of 0.125.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the ratio
+     *      from the height of original image to the height of feature map.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the ratio
+     *      from the width of original image to the width of feature map.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the maximum
+     *      number of boxes before going into the hard NMS algorithm. Boxes
+     *      with the lowest scores are discarded to meet the limit. Set to
+     *      a non-positive value for unlimited number.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the maximum
+     *      number of boxes returning from the hard NMS algorithm. Boxes
+     *      with the lowest scores are discarded to meet the limit. Set to
+     *      a non-positive value for unlimited number.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the IoU
+     *      threshold for hard NMS.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, min_size. Boxes with
+     *      height or width lower than the absolute threshold are filtered out.
+     * * 10: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *       NCHW data layout for input0 and input1. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0, of shape
+     *      [num_output_rois], specifying the score of each output box.
+     *      The boxes are grouped by batches, but the sequential order in
+     *      each batch is not guaranteed. For type of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}, the scale and zero
+     *      point must be the same as input0.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input3, of shape
+     *      [num_output_rois, 4], specifying the coordinates of each output
+     *      bounding box for each class, with format [x1, y1, x2, y2].
+     *      The sequential order of the boxes corresponds with output0.
+     *      For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, the
+     *      scale must be 0.125 and the zero point must be 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_output_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes
+     *      with the same batch index are grouped together.
+     */
+    GENERATE_PROPOSALS = @1.2::OperationType:GENERATE_PROPOSALS,
+
+    /**
+     * For input tensors x and y, computes x > y elementwise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions compatible
+     *      with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    GREATER = @1.2::OperationType:GREATER,
+    /**
+     * For input tensors x and y, computes x >= y elementwise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions compatible
+     *      with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    GREATER_EQUAL = @1.2::OperationType:GREATER_EQUAL,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a grouped 2-D convolution operation.
+     *
+     * Given an input tensor of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in] and a
+     * filter tensor of shape [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_group]
+     * containing depth_out convolutional filters of depth depth_group, GROUPED_CONV
+     * applies a group of different filters to each input channel group, then
+     * concatenates the results together.
+     *
+     * Specifically, the input channels are divided into num_groups groups, each with
+     * depth depth_group, i.e. depth_in = num_groups * depth_group. The convolutional
+     * filters are also divided into num_groups groups, i.e. depth_out is divisible
+     * by num_groups. GROUPED_CONV applies each group of filters to the corresponding
+     * input channel group, and the result are concatenated together.
+     *
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, i, j, g * channel_multiplier + q] =
+     *         sum_{di, dj, dk} (
+     *             input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj,
+     *                   g * depth_group + dk] *
+     *             filter[g * channel_multiplier + q, di, dj, dk]
+     *         ) + bias[channel]
+     *
+     * where channel_multiplier = depth_out / num_groups
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType} configurations:
+     * * 16 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * 32 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * Quantized:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * * Quantized signed (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * * Quantized with symmetric per channel quantization for the filter:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * * Quantized signed with filter symmetric per channel quantization (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input, where depth_in = num_groups * depth_group.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_group], specifying
+     *      the filter, where depth_out must be divisible by num_groups.  For
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}
+     *      the channel dimension (channelDim at
+     *      {@link SymmPerChannelQuantParams}) must be set to 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale. For filter tensor
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}, the bias
+     *      should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of
+     *      0 and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
+     *      groups.
+     * * 10: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *       {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *       invoke on the result.
+     * * 11: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *       NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input, where depth_in = num_groups * depth_group.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_group], specifying
+     *      the filter, where depth_out must be divisible by num_groups.  For
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}
+     *      the channel dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim)
+     *      must be set to 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale. For filter tensor
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}, the bias
+     *      should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of
+     *      0 and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
+     *      groups.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *      NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth_out].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    GROUPED_CONV_2D = @1.2::OperationType:GROUPED_CONV_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * Localize the maximum keypoints from heatmaps.
+     *
+     * This operation approximates the accurate maximum keypoint scores and
+     * indices after bicubic upscaling by using Taylor expansion up to the
+     * quadratic term.
+     *
+     * The bounding box is represented by its upper-left corner coordinate
+     * (x1,y1) and lower-right corner coordinate (x2,y2) in the original image.
+     * A valid bounding box should satisfy x1 <= x2 and y1 <= y2.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D Tensor of shape
+     *      [num_boxes, heatmap_size, heatmap_size, num_keypoints],
+     *      specifying the heatmaps, the height and width of heatmaps should
+     *      be the same, and must be greater than or equal to 2.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_boxes, 4], specifying the bounding boxes,
+     *      each with format [x1, y1, x2, y2]. For input0 of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, this tensor should
+     *      be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and scale of 0.125.
+     *      For input0 of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}, this tensor
+     *      should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, with
+     *      zeroPoint of -128 and scale of 0.125.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *      NCHW data layout for input0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0, with shape
+     *      [num_boxes, num_keypoints], specifying score of the keypoints.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input1, with shape
+     *      [num_boxes, num_keypoints, 2], specifying the location of
+     *      the keypoints, the second dimension is organized as
+     *      [keypoint_x, keypoint_y].
+     *      For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, the
+     *      scale must be 0.125 and the zero point must be 0.
+     */
+    HEATMAP_MAX_KEYPOINT = @1.2::OperationType:HEATMAP_MAX_KEYPOINT,
+
+    /**
+     * Applies instance normalization to the input tensor.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, h, w, c] =
+     *         (input[b, h, w, c] - mean[b, c]) * gamma /
+     *         sqrt(var[b, c] + epsilon) + beta
+     *
+     * Where the mean and variance are computed across the spatial dimensions:
+     *
+     *     mean[b, c] =
+     *         sum_{h, w}(input[b, h, w, c]) / sum(1)
+     *
+     *     var[b, c] =
+     *         sum_{h, w}(pow(input[b, h, w, c] - mean[b, c], 2)) / sum(1)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be normalized.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying gamma, the scale applied to the normalized
+     *      tensor. The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if
+     *      input0 is of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} if input0 is of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     * * 2: A scalar, specifying beta, the offset applied to the normalized
+     *      tensor. The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if
+     *      input0 is of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} if input0 is of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     * * 3: A scalar, specifying epsilon, the small value added to variance to
+     *      avoid dividing by zero. The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if
+     *      input0 is of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} if input0 is of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *      NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and same shape as input0.
+     */
+    INSTANCE_NORMALIZATION = @1.2::OperationType:INSTANCE_NORMALIZATION,
+
+    /**
+     * For input tensors x and y, computes x < y elementwise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions compatible
+     *      with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    LESS = @1.2::OperationType:LESS,
+
+    /**
+     * For input tensors x and y, computes x <= y elementwise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions compatible
+     *      with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    LESS_EQUAL = @1.2::OperationType:LESS_EQUAL,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes natural logarithm of x element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    LOG = @1.2::OperationType:LOG,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the truth value of x AND y element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     * * 1: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8} and dimensions
+     *      compatible with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    LOGICAL_AND = @1.2::OperationType:LOGICAL_AND,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the truth value of NOT x element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    LOGICAL_NOT = @1.2::OperationType:LOGICAL_NOT,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the truth value of x OR y element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     * * 1: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8} and dimensions
+     *      compatible with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    LOGICAL_OR = @1.2::OperationType:LOGICAL_OR,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the log softmax activations given logits.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output = logits * beta - log(reduce_sum(exp(logits * beta), axis))
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor specifying the input logits.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying the positive scaling factor for the exponent,
+     *      beta.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the beta
+     *      value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the beta
+     *      value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the axis to
+     *      reduce across. Negative index is used to specify axis from the
+     *      end (e.g. -1 for the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and shape as
+     *      input0.
+     */
+    LOG_SOFTMAX = @1.2::OperationType:LOG_SOFTMAX,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the element-wise maximum of two tensors.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and compatible dimensions
+     *      with input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scales and zeroPoint can be different from input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    MAXIMUM = @1.2::OperationType:MAXIMUM,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the element-wise minimum of two tensors.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and compatible dimensions
+     *      with input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scales and zeroPoint can be different from input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    MINIMUM = @1.2::OperationType:MINIMUM,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes numerical negative value element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    NEG = @1.2::OperationType:NEG,
+
+    /**
+     * For input tensors x and y, computes x != y elementwise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions compatible
+     *      with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    NOT_EQUAL = @1.2::OperationType:NOT_EQUAL,
+
+    /**
+     * Pads a tensor with the given constant value according to the specified
+     * paddings.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be padded.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, the paddings
+     *      for each spatial dimension of the input tensor. The shape of the
+     *      tensor must be {rank(input0), 2}.
+     *      padding[i, 0] specifies the number of elements to be padded in the
+     *      front of dimension i.
+     *      padding[i, 1] specifies the number of elements to be padded after
+     *      the end of dimension i.
+     * * 2: An scalar specifying the value to use for padding input0.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the
+     *      pad value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the
+     *      pad value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the pad value must be of {@link OperandType::INT32}. The
+     *      scale and zeroPoint are assumed to be the same as in input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0. The
+     *      output tensor has the same rank as input0, and each
+     *      dimension of the output tensor has the same size as the
+     *      corresponding dimension of the input tensor plus the size
+     *      of the padding:
+     *          output0.dimension[i] =
+     *              padding[i, 0] + input0.dimension[i] + padding[i, 1]
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    PAD_V2 = @1.2::OperationType:PAD_V2,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the power of one value to another.
+     *
+     * Given a tensor base and a tensor exponent, this operation computes
+     * base^exponent elementwise.
+     *
+     * This operations supports broadcasting. The size of the output is the
+     * maximum size along each dimension of the input operands. It starts with
+     * the trailing dimensions, and works its way forward.
+     *
+     * For example:
+     *     base.dimension     =    {4, 1, 2}
+     *     exponent.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 1}
+     *     output.dimension   = {5, 4, 3, 2}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor specifying the base.
+     * * 1: A tensor specifying the exponent.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An output tensor.
+     */
+    POW = @1.2::OperationType:POW,
+
+    /**
+     * Parametric Rectified Linear Unit.
+     *
+     * It follows: f(x) = alpha * x for x < 0, f(x) = x for x >= 0, where alpha
+     * is a learned array with the same {@link OperandType} and compatible
+     * dimensions as input x.
+     *
+     * Two dimensions are compatible when:
+     *     1. they are equal, or
+     *     2. one of them is 1
+     *
+     * The size of the output is the maximum size along each dimension of the
+     * input operands. It starts with the trailing dimensions, and works its way
+     * forward.
+     *
+     * Example:
+     *     input.dimension  =    {4, 1, 2}
+     *     alpha.dimension  = {5, 4, 3, 1}
+     *     output.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 2}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType}, and compatible dimensions
+     *      as input0, specifying the alpha.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scales and zeroPoint can be different from input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    PRELU = @1.2::OperationType:PRELU,
+
+    /**
+     * Quantizes the input tensor.
+     *
+     * The formula for {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} output tensor is:
+     *
+     *     output = max(0, min(255, round(input / scale) + zeroPoint)
+     *
+     * The formula for {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} output
+     * tensor is:
+     *
+     *     output = max(-128, min(127, round(input / scale) + zeroPoint)
+     *
+     * Supported input tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported output tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0, but with
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or.
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}.
+     */
+    QUANTIZE = @1.2::OperationType:QUANTIZE,
+
+    /**
+     * A version of quantized LSTM, using 16 bit quantization for internal
+     * state.
+     *
+     * There is no projection layer, so cell state size is equal to the output
+     * size.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [numBatches, inputSize] specifying the input to the LSTM
+     *      cell. Tensor is quantized with a fixed quantization range of
+     *      [-1, 127/128] (scale = 1/128, zeroPoint = 128).
+     * * 1: The input-to-input weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, inputSize] specifying input-to-input part of
+     *      weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 2: The input-to-forget weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, inputSize] specifying input-to-forget part of
+     *      weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 3: The input-to-cell weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, inputSize] specifying input-to-cell part of
+     *      weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 4: The input-to-output weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, inputSize] specifying input-to-output part of
+     *      weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 5: The recurrent-to-input weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, outputSize] specifying recurrent-to-input part
+     *      of weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 6: The recurrent-to-forget weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, outputSize] specifying recurrent-to-forget
+     *      part of weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 7: The recurrent-to-cell weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, outputSize] specifying recurrent-to-cell part
+     *      of weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 8: The recurrent-to-output weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, outputSize] specifying recurrent-to-output
+     *      part of weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 9: The input gate bias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} and shape
+     *      [outputSize] specifying the bias for the fully-connected layer
+     *      inside the LSTM cell. Bias is quantized with scale being a product
+     *      of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     * * 10:The forget gate bias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} and shape
+     *      [outputSize] specifying the bias for the fully-connected layer
+     *      inside the LSTM cell. Bias is quantized with scale being a product
+     *      of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     * * 11:The cell bias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} and shape
+     *      [outputSize] specifying the bias for the fully-connected layer
+     *      inside the LSTM cell. Bias is quantized with scale being a product
+     *      of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     * * 12:The output gate bias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} and shape
+     *      [outputSize] specifying the bias for the fully-connected layer
+     *      inside the LSTM cell. Bias is quantized with scale being a product
+     *      of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     * * 13: A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       and shape [numBatches, outputSize] specifying the cell state from the
+     *       previous time step of the LSTM cell. It is quantized using a
+     *       quantization range of [-2^4, 2^4 * 32767/32768] (scale = 2^4 /
+     *       32768, zeroPoint = 0).
+     * * 14: A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *       and shape [numBathes, outputSize] specifying the output of the LSTM
+     *       cell from previous time-step. Tensor is quantized with a fixed
+     *       quantization range of [-1, 127/128] (scale = 1/128, zeroPoint =
+     *       128).
+     *
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *      and shape [numBatches, outputSize] which contains a cell state from
+     *      the current time step. Tensor is quantized using a quantization
+     *      range of [-2^4, 2^4 * 32767/32768] (scale = 2^4 / 32768, zeroPoint =
+     *      0).
+     * * 1: A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [numBathes, outputSize] which contains the output value.
+     *      Tensor is quantized with a fixed quantization range of [-1, 127/128]
+     *      (scale = 1/128, zeroPoint = 128).
+     */
+    QUANTIZED_16BIT_LSTM = @1.2::OperationType:QUANTIZED_16BIT_LSTM,
+
+    /**
+     * Draws samples from a multinomial distribution.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D tensor with shape [batches, classes], specifying the
+     *      unnormalized log-probabilities for all classes.
+     * * 1: A scalar {@link OperandType::INT32}, specifying the number of
+     *      independent samples to draw for each row slice.
+     * * 2: A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor with shape [2],
+     *      specifying seeds used to initialize the random distribution.
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor with shape
+     *      [batches, samples], containing the drawn samples.
+     */
+    RANDOM_MULTINOMIAL = @1.2::OperationType:RANDOM_MULTINOMIAL,
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces a tensor by computing the "logical and" of elements along given
+     * dimensions.
+     *
+     * If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are
+     * retained with length 1. Otherwise, the rank of the tensor is reduced by
+     * 1 for each entry in dimensions.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Dimension values must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, keep_dims. If true,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     */
+    REDUCE_ALL = @1.2::OperationType:REDUCE_ALL,
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces a tensor by computing the "logical or" of elements along given
+     * dimensions.
+     *
+     * If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are
+     * retained with length 1. Otherwise, the rank of the tensor is reduced by
+     * 1 for each entry in dimensions.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Dimension values must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, keep_dims. If true,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     */
+    REDUCE_ANY = @1.2::OperationType:REDUCE_ANY,
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces a tensor by computing the maximum of elements along given
+     * dimensions.
+     *
+     * If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are
+     * retained with length 1. Otherwise, the rank of the tensor is reduced by
+     * 1 for each entry in dimensions.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Dimension values must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, keep_dims. If true,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    REDUCE_MAX = @1.2::OperationType:REDUCE_MAX,
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces a tensor by computing the minimum of elements along given
+     * dimensions.
+     *
+     * If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are
+     * retained with length 1. Otherwise, the rank of the tensor is reduced by
+     * 1 for each entry in dimensions.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Dimension values must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, keep_dims. If true,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    REDUCE_MIN = @1.2::OperationType:REDUCE_MIN,
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces a tensor by multiplying elements along given dimensions.
+     *
+     * If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are
+     * retained with length 1. Otherwise, the rank of the tensor is reduced by
+     * 1 for each entry in dimensions.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Dimension values must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, keep_dims. If true,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     */
+    REDUCE_PROD = @1.2::OperationType:REDUCE_PROD,
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces a tensor by summing elements along given dimensions.
+     *
+     * If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are
+     * retained with length 1. Otherwise, the rank of the tensor is reduced by
+     * 1 for each entry in dimensions.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Dimension values must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, keep_dims. If true,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     */
+    REDUCE_SUM = @1.2::OperationType:REDUCE_SUM,
+
+    /**
+     * Select and scale the feature map of each region of interest to a unified
+     * output size by average pooling sampling points from bilinear interpolation.
+     *
+     * The region of interest is represented by its upper-left corner coordinate
+     * (x1,y1) and lower-right corner coordinate (x2,y2) in the original image.
+     * A spatial scaling factor is applied to map into feature map coordinate.
+     * A valid region of interest should satisfy x1 <= x2 and y1 <= y2.
+     *
+     * No rounding is applied in this operation. The sampling points are unified
+     * distributed in the pooling bin and their values are calculated by bilinear
+     * interpolation.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, specifying the feature map.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_rois, 4], specifying the locations of
+     *      the regions of interest, each line with format [x1, y1, x2, y2].
+     *      For input0 of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      this tensor should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and scale of 0.125. Zero num_rois is
+     *      supported for this tensor.
+     * * 2: An 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes with
+     *      the same batch index are grouped together. Zero num_rois is
+     *      supported for this tensor.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      height of the output tensor.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      width of the output tensor.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the ratio
+     *      from the height of original image to the height of feature map.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the ratio
+     *      from the width of original image to the width of feature map.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
+     *      sampling points in height dimension used to compute the output.
+     *      Set to 0 for adaptive value of ceil(roi_height/out_height).
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
+     *      sampling points in width dimension used to compute the output.
+     *      Set to 0 for adaptive value of ceil(roi_width/out_width).
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *      NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0. The output
+     *      shape is [num_rois, out_height, out_width, depth].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from the input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    ROI_ALIGN = @1.2::OperationType:ROI_ALIGN,
+
+    /**
+     * Select and scale the feature map of each region of interest to a unified
+     * output size by max-pooling.
+     *
+     * The region of interest is represented by its upper-left corner coordinate
+     * (x1,y1) and lower-right corner coordinate (x2,y2) in the original image.
+     * A spatial scaling factor is applied to map into feature map coordinate.
+     * A valid region of interest should satisfy x1 <= x2 and y1 <= y2.
+     *
+     * Rounding is applied in this operation to ensure integer boundary for
+     * regions of interest and pooling bins.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, specifying the feature map.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_rois, 4], specifying the locations of
+     *      the regions of interest, each line with format [x1, y1, x2, y2].
+     *      For input0 of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      this tensor should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and scale of 0.125.
+     * * 2: An 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes with
+     *      the same batch index are grouped together.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      height of the output tensor.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      width of the output tensor.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the ratio
+     *      from the height of original image to the height of feature map.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the ratio
+     *      from the width of original image to the width of feature map.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *      NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0. The output
+     *      shape is [num_rois, out_height, out_width, depth].
+     *      For input0 of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    ROI_POOLING = @1.2::OperationType:ROI_POOLING,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes reciprocal of square root of x element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    RSQRT = @1.2::OperationType:RSQRT,
+
+    /**
+     * Using a tensor of booleans c and input tensors x and y select values
+     * elementwise from both input tensors:
+     *
+     * O[i] = C[i] ? x[i] : y[i].
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8} acting as a
+     *      mask that chooses, based on the value at each element, whether the
+     *      corresponding element in the output should be taken from input1 (if
+     *      true) or input2 (if false).
+     * * 1: An input tensor of the same shape as input0.
+     * * 2: An input tensor of the same shape and type as input1.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scales and zeroPoint can be different from input1 scale and zeroPoint.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same type and shape as input1 and input2.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    SELECT = @1.2::OperationType:SELECT,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes sin of x element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    SIN = @1.2::OperationType:SIN,
+
+    /**
+     * Extracts a slice of specified size from the input tensor starting at a
+     * specified location.
+     *
+     * The starting location is specified as a 1-D tensor containing offsets
+     * for each dimension. The size is specified as a 1-D tensor containing
+     * either size of a slice along corresponding dimension or -1. In the latter
+     * case, all the remaining elements in dimension are included in the slice.
+     *
+     * A sum of begin offset and a size of a slice must not exceed size of a
+     * corresponding dimension.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor to take slice from, may be zero-sized.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} specifying
+     *      the beginning indices of the slice in each dimension.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} specifying
+     *      the size of the slice in each dimension.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor of the same type as the input containing the slice.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      its scale and zeroPoint has to be same as the input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    SLICE = @1.2::OperationType:SLICE,
+
+    /**
+     * Splits a tensor along a given axis into num_splits subtensors.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor to split.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the axis along
+     *      which to split.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar indicating the number of
+     *      splits along given axis. Must evenly divide axis size.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0 ~ (num_splits - 1): Resulting subtensors.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    SPLIT = @1.2::OperationType:SPLIT,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes square root of x element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    SQRT = @1.2::OperationType:SQRT,
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a tensor by tiling a given tensor.
+     *
+     * This operation creates a new tensor by replicating `input` `multiples`
+     * times. The output tensor's i-th dimension has `input.dims(i) * multiples[i]`
+     * elements, and the values of `input` are replicated `multiples[i]` times
+     * along the i-th dimension.
+     * For example, tiling `[a b c d]` by `[2]` produces `[a b c d a b c d]`.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: input, an n-D tensor specifying the input.
+     * * 1: multiples, a 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}.
+     *      The length of multiples must be n.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tiled tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and rank as `input`.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    TILE = @1.2::OperationType:TILE,
+
+    /**
+     * Finds values and indices of the k largest entries for the last dimension.
+     *
+     * Resulting values in each dimensions are sorted in descending order. If
+     * two values are equal, the one with larger index appears first.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: input, an n-D tensor specifying the input.
+     * * 1: k, an {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
+     *      top elements to look for along the last dimension.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor of the same type as the input, containing the k
+     *      largest elements along each last dimensional slice.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     * * 1: An n-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *      containing the indices of values within the last dimension of input.
+     */
+    TOPK_V2 = @1.2::OperationType:TOPK_V2,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs the transpose of 2-D convolution operation.
+     *
+     * This operation is sometimes called "deconvolution" after Deconvolutional
+     * Networks, but is actually the transpose (gradient) of
+     * {@link OperandType::CONV_2D} rather than an actual deconvolution.
+     *
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType} configurations:
+     * * 16 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * 32 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * Quantized:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * * Quantized with symmetric per channel quantization for the filter:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Available since HAL version 1.3:
+     * * Quantized signed (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * * Quantized signed with filter symmetric per channel quantization (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_in], specifying the
+     *      filter. For tensor of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} the channel
+     *      dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim) must be set to 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the
+     *      same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias must be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 10: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *       NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_in], specifying the
+     *      filter. For tensor of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} the channel
+     *      dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim) must be set to 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias should be of the
+     *      same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias must be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, specifying the output
+     *      tensor shape.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *      NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth_out].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    TRANSPOSE_CONV_2D = @1.2::OperationType:TRANSPOSE_CONV_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * A recurrent neural network specified by an LSTM cell.
+     *
+     * Performs (fully) dynamic unrolling of input.
+     *
+     * This Op unrolls the input along the time dimension, and implements the
+     * following operation for each element in the sequence
+     * s = 1...sequence_length:
+     *   outputs[s] = projection(state = activation(LSTMOp(inputs[s])))
+     *
+     * Where LSTMOp is the LSTM op as in {@link OperandType::LSTM},
+     * the "projection" is an optional projection layer from state and output
+     * and the “activation” is the function passed as the
+     * “fused_activation_function” argument (if not “NONE”).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 3, either time-major or batch-major.
+     *
+     * All input and output tensors must be of the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: The input (\f$x_t\f$).
+     *      A 3-D tensor of shape:
+     *        If time-major: [max_time, batch_size, input_size]
+     *        If batch-major: [batch_size, max_time, input_size]
+     *      where “max_time” is the number of timesteps (sequence length),
+     *      “batch_size” corresponds to the batching dimension, and
+     *      “input_size” is the size of the input.
+     * * 1: The input-to-input weights (\f$W_{xi}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size], where “num_units”
+     *      corresponds to the number of cell units.
+     * * 2: The input-to-forget weights (\f$W_{xf}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size].
+     * * 3: The input-to-cell weights (\f$W_{xc}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size].
+     * * 4: The input-to-output weights (\f$W_{xo}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size].
+     * * 5: The recurrent-to-input weights (\f$W_{hi}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size], where “output_size”
+     *      corresponds to either the number of cell units (i.e., “num_units”),
+     *      or the second dimension of the “projection_weights”, if defined.
+     * * 6: The recurrent-to-forget weights (\f$W_{hf}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size].
+     * * 7: The recurrent-to-cell weights (\f$W_{hc}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size].
+     * * 8: The recurrent-to-output weights (\f$W_{ho}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size].
+     * * 9: The cell-to-input weights (\f$W_{ci}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 10:The cell-to-forget weights (\f$W_{cf}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 11:The cell-to-output weights (\f$W_{co}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 12:The input gate bias (\f$b_i\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 13:The forget gate bias (\f$b_f\f$).
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 14:The cell bias (\f$b_c\f$).
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 15:The output gate bias (\f$b_o\f$).
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 16:The projection weights (\f$W_{proj}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [output_size, num_units].
+     * * 17:The projection bias (\f$b_{proj}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [output_size].
+     * * 18:The output state (in) (\f$h_{t-1}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, output_size].
+     * * 19:The cell state (in) (\f$C_{t-1}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units].
+     * * 20:The activation function (\f$g\f$).
+     *      A value indicating the activation function:
+     *      <ul>
+     *      <li>0: None;
+     *      <li>1: Relu;
+     *      <li>3: Relu6;
+     *      <li>4: Tanh;
+     *      <li>6: Sigmoid.
+     *      </ul>
+     * * 21:The clipping threshold (\f$t_{cell}\f$) for the cell state, such
+     *      that values are bound within [-cell_clip, cell_clip]. If set to 0.0
+     *      then clipping is disabled.
+     * * 22:The clipping threshold (\f$t_{proj}\f$) for the output from the
+     *      projection layer, such that values are bound within
+     *      [-proj_clip, proj_clip]. If set to 0.0 then clipping is disabled.
+     * * 23:Time-major if true, batch-major if false.
+     * * 24:The input layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at input gate.
+     * * 25:The forget layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at forget gate.
+     * * 26:The cell layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at cell gate.
+     * * 27:The output layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at output gate.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output (\f$o_t\f$).
+     *      A 3-D tensor of shape:
+     *        If time-major: [max_time, batch_size, output_size]
+     *        If batch-major: [batch_size, max_time, output_size]
+     * * 1: A tensor of shape [batch_size, output_size] containing a hidden
+     *      state from the last time step in the sequence. This output is
+     *      optional and can be omitted. If this output is present then
+     *      output #2 must be present as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     * * 2: A tensor of shape [batch_size, cell_size] containing a cell state
+     *      from the last time step in the sequence. This output is optional
+     *      and can be omitted.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     */
+    UNIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM = @1.2::OperationType:UNIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM,
+
+    /**
+     * A recurrent neural network layer that applies a basic RNN cell to a
+     * sequence of inputs.
+     *
+     * This layer unrolls the input along the sequence dimension, and implements
+     * the following operation
+     * for each element in the sequence s = 1...sequence_length:
+     *   outputs[s] = state = activation(inputs[s] * input_weights’ + state *
+     *   recurrent_weights’ + bias)
+     *
+     * Where:
+     * * “input_weights” is a weight matrix that multiplies the inputs;
+     * * “recurrent_weights” is a weight matrix that multiplies the current
+     *    “state” which itself is the output from the previous time step
+     *    computation;
+     * * “bias” is a bias vector (added to each output vector in the batch);
+     * * “activation” is the function passed as the “fused_activation_function”
+     *   argument (if not “NONE”).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * The input tensors must all be the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: input.
+     *      A 3-D tensor. The shape is defined by the input 6 (timeMajor). If
+     *      it is set to 1, then the input has a shape [maxTime, batchSize,
+     *      inputSize], otherwise the input has a shape [batchSize, maxTime,
+     *      inputSize].
+     * * 1: weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [numUnits, inputSize].
+     * * 2: recurrent_weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [numUnits, numUnits].
+     * * 3: bias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [numUnits].
+     * * 4: hidden state
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batchSize, numUnits]. Specifies a hidden
+     *      state input for the first time step of the computation.
+     * * 5: fusedActivationFunction.
+     *      A {@link FusedActivationFunc} value indicating the activation function. If
+     *      “NONE” is specified then it results in a linear activation.
+     * * 6: timeMajor
+     *      An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the shape format
+     *      of input and output tensors. Must be set to either 0 or 1.
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: output.
+     *      A 3-D tensor. The shape is defined by the input 6 (timeMajor). If
+     *      it is set to 1, then the output has a shape [maxTime, batchSize,
+     *      numUnits], otherwise the output has a shape [batchSize, maxTime,
+     *      numUnits].
+     * * 1: A tensor of shape [batchSize, numUnits] containing hidden state
+     *      from the last time step in the sequence. This output is optional
+     *      and can be omitted.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     */
+    UNIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN = @1.2::OperationType:UNIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN,
+
+    /**
+     * Resizes images to given size using the nearest neighbor interpretation.
+     *
+     * Resized images must be distorted if their output aspect ratio is not the
+     * same as input aspect ratio. The corner pixels of output may not be the
+     * same as corner pixels of input.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Both resizing by shape and resizing by scale are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (resizing by shape):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input. Zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      width of the output tensor.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      height of the output tensor.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     * * 4: Align corners. An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL}
+     *      scalar, default to false.  If True, the centers of the 4 corner
+     *      pixels of the input and output tensors are aligned, preserving the
+     *      values at the corner pixels.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     * * 5: Half pixel centers. An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL}
+     *      scalar, default to false. If True, the pixel centers are assumed to
+     *      be at (0.5, 0.5). This is the default behavior of image.resize in
+     *      TF 2.0. If this parameter is True, then align_corners parameter
+     *      must be False.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     *
+     * Inputs (resizing by scale):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input. Zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying width_scale, the scaling factor of the width
+     *      dimension from the input tensor to the output tensor. The output
+     *      width is calculated as new_width = floor(width * width_scale).
+     *      The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if input0 is
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} otherwise.
+     * * 2: A scalar, specifying height_scale, the scaling factor of the height
+     *      dimension from the input tensor to the output tensor. The output
+     *      height is calculated as new_height = floor(height * height_scale).
+     *      The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if input0 is
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} otherwise.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     * * 4: Align corners. An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL}
+     *      scalar, default to false.  If True, the centers of the 4 corner
+     *      pixels of the input and output tensors are aligned, preserving the
+     *      values at the corner pixels.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     * * 5: Half pixel centers. An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL}
+     *      scalar, default to false. If True, the pixel centers are assumed to
+     *      be at (0.5, 0.5). This is the default behavior of image.resize in
+     *      TF 2.0. If this parameter is True, then align_corners parameter
+     *      must be False.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.3.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, new_height, new_width, depth].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    RESIZE_NEAREST_NEIGHBOR = @1.2::OperationType:RESIZE_NEAREST_NEIGHBOR,
+
+    /**
+     * Quantized version of {@link OperationType::LSTM}.
+     *
+     * The input and the output use asymmetric quantized types, while the rest
+     * use symmetric ones.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: The input to the LSTM cell.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *      Shape: [batchSize, inputSize]
+     * * 1: The input-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, inputSize]
+     * * 2: The input-to-forget weights.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, inputSize]
+     * * 3: The input-to-cell weights.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, inputSize]
+     * * 4: The input-to-output weights.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, inputSize]
+     * * 5: The recurrent-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, outputSize]
+     * * 6: The recurrent-to-forget weights.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, outputSize]
+     * * 7: The recurrent-to-cell weights.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, outputSize]
+     * * 8: The recurrent-to-output weights.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, outputSize]
+     * * 9: The cell-to-input weights (for peephole). Optional.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 10: The cell-to-forget weights (for peephole). Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 11: The cell-to-output weights (for peephole). Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 12: The input gate bias. Quantized with scale being the
+     *       product of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     *       Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 13: The forget gate bias. Quantized with scale being the
+     *       product of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 14: The cell bias. Quantized with scale being the
+     *       product of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 15: The output gate bias. Quantized with scale being the
+     *       product of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 16: The projection weights. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [outputSize, numUnits]
+     * * 17: The projection bias. Quantized with scale being the
+     *       product of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     *       Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *       Shape: [outputSize]
+     * * 18: The output from the previous time step.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *       Shape: [batchSize, outputSize]
+     * * 19: The cell state from the previous time step.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [batchSize, numUnits]
+     * * 20: The input layer normalization weights. Used to rescale
+     *       normalized inputs to activation at input gate. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 21: The forget layer normalization weights. Used to
+     *       rescale normalized inputs to activation at forget gate. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 22: The cell layer normalization weights. Used to rescale
+     *       normalized inputs to activation at cell gate. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 23: The output layer normalization weights. Used to
+     *       rescale normalized inputs to activation at output gate. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 24: The cell clip. If provided the cell state is clipped
+     *       by this value prior to the cell output activation. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 25: The projection clip. If provided and projection is enabled,
+     *       this is used for clipping the projected values. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 26: The scale of the intermediate result of matmul,
+     *       i.e. input to layer normalization, at input gate.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 27: The scale of the intermediate result of matmul,
+     *       i.e. input to layer normalization, at forget gate.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 28: The scale of the intermediate result of matmul,
+     *       i.e. input to layer normalization, at cell gate.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 29: The scale of the intermediate result of matmul,
+     *       i.e. input to layer normalization, at output gate.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 30: The zero point of the hidden state, i.e. input to
+     *       projection.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::INT32}.
+     * * 31: The scale of the hidden state, i.e. input to
+     *       projection.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output state (out).
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *      Shape: [batchSize, outputSize]
+     * * 1: The cell state (out).
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [batchSize, numUnits]
+     * * 2: The output. This is effectively the same as the current
+     *      "output state (out)" value.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *      Shape: [batchSize, outputSize]
+     */
+    QUANTIZED_LSTM = 95,
+
+    /**
+     * Executes one of the two referenced subgraphs as determined by a boolean
+     * value.
+     *
+     * The inputs and outputs of the two referenced subgraphs must agree with the
+     * signature of this operation. That is, if the operation has (3 + n) inputs
+     * and m outputs, both subgraphs must have n inputs and m outputs with the same
+     * types as the corresponding operation inputs and outputs.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A value of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8} and shape [1]
+     *      that determines which of the two referenced subgraphs to execute.
+     * * 1: A {@link OperandType::SUBGRAPH} reference to the subgraph to be
+     *      executed if the condition is true.
+     * * 2: A {@link OperandType::SUBGRAPH} reference to the subgraph to be
+     *      executed if the condition is false.
+     * * 3 ~ (n + 2): Inputs to be passed to the subgraph selected for execution.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0 ~ (m - 1): Outputs produced by the selected subgraph.
+     */
+    IF = 96,
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the body subgraph until the condition subgraph outputs false.
+     *
+     * The inputs to this operation are the condition subgraph, the body subgraph,
+     * and operand values for the first iteration of the loop. The values are
+     * implicitly split into three groups of input-output, state-only, and
+     * input-only values, as described below.
+     *
+     * The outputs of this operation are the final values of input-output
+     * operands.
+     *
+     * Both the condition and body subgraph receive (m + k + n) inputs.
+     * * The first m (m >= 1) inputs are input-output operands. For the first
+     *   iteration, these are initialized from the corresponding inputs of the
+     *   WHILE operation. In subsequent iterations, their values come from the
+     *   corresponding outputs of the body subgraph produced during the previous
+     *   iteration.
+     * * The next k (k >= 0) inputs are state-only operands. They are similar to
+     *   the input-output operands, except that their values are no longer
+     *   available after the loop terminates.
+     * * The last n (n >= 0) inputs are input-only operands. Their values come
+     *   from the corresponding inputs of the WHILE operation.
+     *
+     * The body subgraph produces (m + k) outputs.
+     * * The first m outputs are input-output operands. They become the outputs
+     *   of the WHILE operation when a termination condition is reached.
+     * * The last k outputs are state-only operands. Their values are no longer
+     *   available after the loop terminates.
+     *
+     * The numbers m, k, and n are inferred by the driver as follows:
+     *     m = (WHILE operation output count)
+     *     k = (body subgraph output count) - m
+     *     n = (body subgraph input count) - m - k
+     *
+     * The pseudo-code below illustrates the flow of a WHILE operation with
+     * inputs condition, body, initial_input_output, initial_state, input_only
+     * (m = 1, k = 1, n = 1):
+     *
+     *     input_output = initial_input_output
+     *     state = initial_state
+     *     while condition(input_output, state, input_only):
+     *         input_output, state = body(input_output, state, input_only)
+     *     return input_output
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A {@link OperandType::SUBGRAPH} reference to the condition
+     *      subgraph. The subgraph must have (m + k + n) inputs with
+     *      the same types as the corresponding inputs of the WHILE operation
+     *      and exactly one output of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     *      and shape [1].
+     * * 1: A {@link OperandType::SUBGRAPH} reference to the body subgraph.
+     *      The subgraph must have (m + k + n) inputs and (m + k) outputs with
+     *      the same types as the corresponding inputs and outputs of the WHILE
+     *      operation.
+     * * (m inputs): Initial values for input-output operands.
+     * * (k inputs): Initial values for state-only operands.
+     * * (n inputs): Values for input-only operands.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0 ~ (m - 1): Outputs produced by the loop.
+     */
+    WHILE = 97,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes exponential linear activation on the input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using the following formula:
+     *
+     *     ELU(x) = max(0, x) + min(0, alpha * (exp(x) - 1))
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input. May be zero-sized.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying the alpha parameter.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16},
+     *      the alpha value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
+     *      the alpha value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape and type as input0.
+     */
+    ELU = 98,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes hard-swish activation on the input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * Hard swish activation is introduced in
+     * https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.02244.pdf
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using the following formula:
+     *
+     *     h-swish(x) = x * max(0, min(6, (x + 3))) / 6
+
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input. May be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape and type as input0.
+     *      Scale and zero point of this tensor may be different from the input
+     *      tensor's parameters.
+     */
+    HARD_SWISH = 99,
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a tensor filled with a scalar value.
+     *
+     * Supported output tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 1-D tensor, specifying the desired output tensor shape.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying the value to fill the output tensors with.
+     *      For output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16},
+     *      the scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
+     *      the scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     *      For output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      the scalar must be of {@link OperandType::INT32}.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor.
+     */
+    FILL = 100,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the rank of a tensor.
+     *
+     * The rank of a tensor is the number of dimensions in it. Also known as
+     * "order", "degree", "ndims".
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: The input tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A scalar of {@link OperandType::INT32}, specifying the rank
+     *      of the input tensor.
+     */
+    RANK = 101,
+
+    /**
+     * DEPRECATED. Since NNAPI 1.2, extensions are the preferred alternative to
+     * OEM operation and data types.
+     *
+     * This operation is OEM specific. It should only be used for OEM
+     * applications.
+     */
+    OEM_OPERATION = @1.2::OperationType:OEM_OPERATION,
+    /* ADDING A NEW FUNDAMENTAL OPERATION REQUIRES UPDATING THE VALUE OF
+     * OperationTypeRange::FUNDAMENTAL_MAX.
+     */
+    /* ADDING A NEW OEM OPERATION REQUIRES UPDATING THE VALUE OF
+     * OperationTypeRange::OEM_MAX.
+     */
+};
+
+/**
+ * The range of values in the OperationType enum.
+ */
+enum OperationTypeRange : uint32_t {
+    BASE_MIN        = 0,
+    FUNDAMENTAL_MIN = 0,
+    FUNDAMENTAL_MAX = 101,
+    OEM_MIN         = 10000,
+    OEM_MAX         = 10000,
+    BASE_MAX        = 0xFFFF,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Priority given to a prepared model for execution.
+ */
+enum Priority : int32_t {
+    LOW,
+    MEDIUM,
+    HIGH,
+};
+
 
 /**
  * The capabilities of a driver.
  *
- * Performance of an operation comes from the type of its first operand.
- * This represents performance for non extension operand types.
+ * This represents performance of non-extension operations.
+ *
+ * Performance of an operation other than {@link OperationType::IF} and
+ * {@link OperationType::WHILE} comes from the type of its first operand.
  */
 struct Capabilities {
     /**
@@ -101,11 +5324,111 @@
 
     /**
      * Performance by operand type. Must be sorted by OperandType.
-     * If a particular OperandType is not present in operandPerformance,
+     *
+     * If a particular {@link OperandType} is not present in operandPerformance,
      * its performance is treated as
      * { .execTime = FLT_MAX, .powerUsage = FLT_MAX }.
+     *
+     * Performance does not apply to {@link OperandType::SUBGRAPH}, and a driver
+     * must not report operand performance for {@link OperandType::SUBGRAPH}.
      */
     vec<OperandPerformance> operandPerformance;
+
+    /**
+     * Performance of an {@link OperationType::IF} operation is the sum of
+     * {@link Capabilities::ifPerformance} and the mean of performance for the
+     * two branch subgraphs, where performance for a subgraph is the sum of the
+     * performance of all operations within the subgraph.
+     */
+    PerformanceInfo ifPerformance;
+
+    /**
+     * Performance of a {@link OperationType::WHILE} operation is the sum of
+     * {@link Capabilities::whilePerformance}, performance for the condition
+     * subgraph and performance for the body subgraph, where performance for a
+     * subgraph is the sum of the performance of all operations within the
+     * subgraph.
+     */
+    PerformanceInfo whilePerformance;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Describes one operation of the model's graph.
+ */
+struct Operation {
+    /**
+     * The operation type.
+     *
+     * Besides the values listed in {@link OperationType}, any value above
+     * {@link OperationTypeRange::BASE_MAX} is possible and should be interpreted
+     * as an extension type according to {@link Model::extensionNameToPrefix}.
+     */
+    OperationType type;
+
+    /**
+     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the inputs of the
+     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> inputs;
+
+    /**
+     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the outputs of the
+     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> outputs;
+};
+
+/**
+ * How an operand is used.
+ */
+enum OperandLifeTime : int32_t {
+    /**
+     * The operand is internal to the model. It's created by an operation and
+     * consumed by other operations. It must be an output operand of
+     * exactly one operation.
+     */
+    TEMPORARY_VARIABLE,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is an input of a subgraph. It must not be an output
+     * operand of any operation.
+     *
+     * An operand can't be both input and output of a subgraph.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH_INPUT,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is an output of a subgraph. It must be an output
+     * operand of exactly one operation.
+     *
+     * An operand can't be both input and output of a subgraph.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is a constant found in Model.operandValues. It must
+     * not be an output operand of any operation.
+     */
+    CONSTANT_COPY,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is a constant that was specified via a Memory
+     * object. It must not be an output operand of any operation.
+     */
+    CONSTANT_REFERENCE,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand does not have a value. This is valid only for optional
+     * arguments of operations.
+     */
+    NO_VALUE,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is a reference to a subgraph. It must be an input to one
+     * or more {@link OperationType::IF} or {@link OperationType::WHILE}
+     * operations.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -144,7 +5467,7 @@
      *     . The operand has lifetime CONSTANT_COPY or
      *       CONSTANT_REFERENCE.
      *
-     *     . The operand has lifetime MODEL_INPUT. Fully
+     *     . The operand has lifetime SUBGRAPH_INPUT. Fully
      *       specified dimensions must either be present in the
      *       Operand or they must be provided in the corresponding
      *       RequestArgument.
@@ -192,8 +5515,8 @@
 
     /**
      * Where to find the data for this operand.
-     * If the lifetime is TEMPORARY_VARIABLE, MODEL_INPUT, MODEL_OUTPUT, or
-     * NO_VALUE:
+     * If the lifetime is TEMPORARY_VARIABLE, SUBGRAPH_INPUT, SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT,
+     * or NO_VALUE:
      * - All the fields must be 0.
      * If the lifetime is CONSTANT_COPY:
      * - location.poolIndex is 0.
@@ -203,55 +5526,18 @@
      * - location.poolIndex is set.
      * - location.offset is the offset in bytes into the specified pool.
      * - location.length is set.
+     * If the lifetime is SUBGRAPH:
+     * - location.poolIndex is 0.
+     * - location.offset is the index of the referenced subgraph in
+     *   {@link Model::referenced}.
+     * - location.length is 0.
      */
     DataLocation location;
 
     /**
      * Additional parameters specific to a particular operand type.
      */
-    safe_union ExtraParams {
-       /**
-        * No additional parameters.
-        */
-       Monostate none;
-
-       /**
-        * Symmetric per-channel quantization parameters.
-        *
-        * Only applicable to operands of type TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL.
-        */
-       SymmPerChannelQuantParams channelQuant;
-
-       /**
-        * Extension operand parameters.
-        *
-        * The framework treats this as an opaque data blob.
-        * The format is up to individual extensions.
-        */
-       vec<uint8_t> extension;
-    } extraParams;
-};
-
-/**
- * Describes one operation of the model's graph.
- */
-struct Operation {
-    /**
-     * The operation type.
-     */
-    OperationType type;
-
-    /**
-     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the inputs of the
-     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
-     */
-    vec<uint32_t> inputs;
-
-    /**
-     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the outputs of the
-     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
-     */
-    vec<uint32_t> outputs;
+    @1.2::Operand.ExtraParams extraParams;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -263,32 +5549,19 @@
  */
 struct Model {
     /**
-     * All operands included in the model.
+     * The top-level subgraph.
      */
-    vec<Operand> operands;
+    Subgraph main;
 
     /**
-     * All operations included in the model.
+     * Referenced subgraphs.
      *
-     * The operations are sorted into execution order. Every operand
-     * with lifetime MODEL_OUTPUT or TEMPORARY_VARIABLE must be
-     * written before it is read.
-     */
-    vec<Operation> operations;
-
-    /**
-     * Input indexes of the model. There must be at least one.
+     * Each subgraph is referenced by the main subgraph or at least one other
+     * referenced subgraph.
      *
-     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
+     * There must be no reference cycles.
      */
-    vec<uint32_t> inputIndexes;
-
-    /**
-     * Output indexes of the model. There must be at least one.
-     *
-     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
-     */
-    vec<uint32_t> outputIndexes;
+    vec<Subgraph> referenced;
 
     /**
      * A byte buffer containing operand data that were copied into the model.
@@ -322,9 +5595,9 @@
      * {@link OperandTypeRange::BASE_MAX} or
      * {@link OperationTypeRange::BASE_MAX} respectively should be interpreted
      * as an extension operand. The low
-     * {@link Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::LOW_BITS_TYPE} bits of the value
-     * correspond to the type ID within the extension and the high
-     * {@link Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::HIGH_BITS_PREFIX} bits encode
+     * {@link @1.2::Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::LOW_BITS_TYPE} bits of the
+     * value correspond to the type ID within the extension and the high
+     * {@link @1.2::Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::HIGH_BITS_PREFIX} bits encode
      * the "prefix", which maps uniquely to the extension name.
      *
      * For example, if a model contains an operation whose value is
@@ -337,37 +5610,197 @@
      * prefix corresponding to each extension name and at most one extension
      * name corresponding to each prefix.
      */
-    vec<ExtensionNameAndPrefix> extensionNameToPrefix;
+    vec<@1.2::Model.ExtensionNameAndPrefix> extensionNameToPrefix;
+};
+
+/**
+ * An excerpt of the execution graph.
+ */
+struct Subgraph {
+    /**
+     * All operands included in the subgraph.
+     */
+    vec<Operand> operands;
 
     /**
-     * A correspondence between an extension name and a prefix of operand and
-     * operation type values.
+     * All operations included in the subgraph.
+     *
+     * The operations are sorted into execution order. Every operand
+     * with lifetime SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT or TEMPORARY_VARIABLE must be
+     * written before it is read.
      */
-    struct ExtensionNameAndPrefix {
+    vec<Operation> operations;
+
+    /**
+     * Input indexes of the subgraph. There must be at least one.
+     *
+     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> inputIndexes;
+
+    /**
+     * Output indexes of the subgraph. There must be at least one.
+     *
+     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> outputIndexes;
+};
+
+/**
+ * A buffer descriptor. Describes the properties of a buffer.
+ */
+struct BufferDesc {
+    /**
+     * Dimensions of the buffer. May have unknown dimensions or rank. A buffer with some number
+     * of unspecified dimensions is represented by setting each unspecified dimension to 0. A
+     * buffer with unspecified rank is represented by providing an empty dimensions vector.
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> dimensions;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Describes a role of an input or output to a prepared model.
+ */
+struct BufferRole {
+    /**
+     * The index of the IPreparedModel within the "preparedModel" argument passed in
+     * IDevice::allocate.
+     */
+    uint32_t modelIndex;
+
+    /**
+     * The index of the input or output operand.
+     */
+    uint32_t ioIndex;
+
+    /**
+     * A floating-point value within the range (0.0, 1.0]. Describes how likely the
+     * buffer is to be used in the specified role. This is provided as a hint to
+     * optimize the case when multiple roles prefer different buffer locations or data
+     * layouts.
+     */
+    float frequency;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Inputs to be sent to and outputs to be retrieved from a prepared model.
+ *
+ * A Request serves two primary tasks:
+ * 1) Provides the input and output data to be used when executing the model.
+ * 2) Specifies any updates to the input operand metadata that were left
+ *    unspecified at model preparation time.
+ *
+ * An output must not overlap with any other output, with an input, or
+ * with an operand of lifetime CONSTANT_REFERENCE.
+ */
+struct Request {
+    /**
+     * Input data and information to be used in the execution of a prepared
+     * model.
+     *
+     * The index of the input corresponds to the index in Model.inputIndexes.
+     *   E.g., input[i] corresponds to Model.inputIndexes[i].
+     */
+    vec<RequestArgument> inputs;
+
+    /**
+     * Output data and information to be used in the execution of a prepared
+     * model.
+     *
+     * The index of the output corresponds to the index in Model.outputIndexes.
+     *   E.g., output[i] corresponds to Model.outputIndexes[i].
+     */
+    vec<RequestArgument> outputs;
+
+    /**
+     * A memory pool.
+     */
+    safe_union MemoryPool {
         /**
-         * The extension name.
-         *
-         * See {@link Extension::name} for the format specification.
+         * Specifies a client-managed shared memory pool.
          */
-        string name;
+        memory hidlMemory;
 
         /**
-         * The unique extension identifier within the model.
-         *
-         * See {@link Model::extensionNameToPrefix}.
+         * Specifies a driver-managed buffer. It is the token returned from IDevice::allocate,
+         * and is specific to the IDevice object.
          */
-        uint16_t prefix;
+        uint32_t token;
     };
 
     /**
-     * Numeric values of extension operand and operation types have the
-     * following structure:
-     * - 16 high bits represent the "prefix", which corresponds uniquely to the
-     *   extension name.
-     * - 16 low bits represent the type ID within the extension.
+     * A collection of memory pools containing operand data for both the
+     * inputs and the outputs to a model.
      */
-    enum ExtensionTypeEncoding : uint8_t {
-        HIGH_BITS_PREFIX = 16,
-        LOW_BITS_TYPE = 16,
-    };
+    vec<MemoryPool> pools;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Optional time point of the steady clock (as from std::chrono::steady_clock)
+ * measured in nanoseconds.
+ */
+safe_union OptionalTimePoint {
+    /** No time point provided. */
+    Monostate none;
+
+    /**
+     * Time point of the steady clock (as from std::chrono::steady_clock)
+     * measured in nanoseconds.
+     */
+    uint64_t nanosecondsSinceEpoch;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Optional timeout duration measured in nanoseconds.
+ */
+safe_union OptionalTimeoutDuration {
+    /** No time point provided. */
+    Monostate none;
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout duration measured in nanoseconds.
+     */
+    uint64_t nanoseconds;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Return status of a function.
+ */
+enum ErrorStatus : @1.0::ErrorStatus {
+    /**
+     * Failure because a deadline could not be met for a task, but future
+     * deadlines may still be met for the same task after a short delay.
+     */
+    MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Failure because a deadline could not be met for a task, and future
+     * deadlines will likely also not be met for the same task even after a
+     * short delay.
+     */
+    MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Failure because of a resource limitation within the driver, but future
+     * calls for the same task may still succeed after a short delay.
+     */
+    RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_TRANSIENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Failure because of a resource limitation within the driver, and future
+     * calls for the same task will likely also fail even after a short
+     * delay.
+     */
+    RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_PERSISTENT,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Each {@link OperationType::WHILE} operation in the model has an implicit
+ * execution timeout duration associated with it ("loop timeout duration").
+ * This duration is configurable on a per-execution basis and must not exceed
+ * 15 seconds. The default value is 2 seconds.
+ */
+enum LoopTimeoutDurationNs : uint64_t {
+    DEFAULT = 2000000000,
+    MAXIMUM = 15000000000,
 };
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.t b/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.t
index d41cfd2..0a6e45e 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.t
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.t
@@ -19,11 +19,14 @@
 package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
 
 import @1.0::DataLocation;
-import @1.0::OperandLifeTime;
+import @1.0::ErrorStatus;
 import @1.0::PerformanceInfo;
+import @1.0::RequestArgument;
+import @1.2::Model.ExtensionNameAndPrefix;
+import @1.2::Model.ExtensionTypeEncoding;
+import @1.2::Operand.ExtraParams;
 import @1.2::OperandType;
 import @1.2::OperationType;
-import @1.2::SymmPerChannelQuantParams;
 
 import android.hidl.safe_union@1.0::Monostate;
 
@@ -44,12 +47,66 @@
     BASE_MAX        = 0xFFFF,
 };
 
+/**
+ * Operation types.
+ *
+ * The type of an operation in a model.
+ */
+enum OperationType : int32_t {
+
+%insert Operation_1.0
+
+%insert Operation_1.1
+
+%insert Operation_1.2
+
+%insert Operation_1.3
+
+    /**
+     * DEPRECATED. Since NNAPI 1.2, extensions are the preferred alternative to
+     * OEM operation and data types.
+     *
+     * This operation is OEM specific. It should only be used for OEM
+     * applications.
+     */
+    OEM_OPERATION = @1.2::OperationType:OEM_OPERATION,
+    /* ADDING A NEW FUNDAMENTAL OPERATION REQUIRES UPDATING THE VALUE OF
+     * OperationTypeRange::FUNDAMENTAL_MAX.
+     */
+    /* ADDING A NEW OEM OPERATION REQUIRES UPDATING THE VALUE OF
+     * OperationTypeRange::OEM_MAX.
+     */
+};
+
+/**
+ * The range of values in the OperationType enum.
+ */
+enum OperationTypeRange : uint32_t {
+    BASE_MIN        = 0,
+    FUNDAMENTAL_MIN = 0,
+%insert Operation_1.3_MAX
+    OEM_MIN         = 10000,
+    OEM_MAX         = 10000,
+    BASE_MAX        = 0xFFFF,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Priority given to a prepared model for execution.
+ */
+enum Priority : int32_t {
+    LOW,
+    MEDIUM,
+    HIGH,
+};
+
 
 /**
  * The capabilities of a driver.
  *
- * Performance of an operation comes from the type of its first operand.
- * This represents performance for non extension operand types.
+ * This represents performance of non-extension operations.
+ *
+ * Performance of an operation other than {@link OperationType::IF} and
+ * {@link OperationType::WHILE} comes from the type of its first operand.
  */
 struct Capabilities {
     /**
@@ -72,11 +129,111 @@
 
     /**
      * Performance by operand type. Must be sorted by OperandType.
-     * If a particular OperandType is not present in operandPerformance,
+     *
+     * If a particular {@link OperandType} is not present in operandPerformance,
      * its performance is treated as
      * { .execTime = FLT_MAX, .powerUsage = FLT_MAX }.
+     *
+     * Performance does not apply to {@link OperandType::SUBGRAPH}, and a driver
+     * must not report operand performance for {@link OperandType::SUBGRAPH}.
      */
     vec<OperandPerformance> operandPerformance;
+
+    /**
+     * Performance of an {@link OperationType::IF} operation is the sum of
+     * {@link Capabilities::ifPerformance} and the mean of performance for the
+     * two branch subgraphs, where performance for a subgraph is the sum of the
+     * performance of all operations within the subgraph.
+     */
+    PerformanceInfo ifPerformance;
+
+    /**
+     * Performance of a {@link OperationType::WHILE} operation is the sum of
+     * {@link Capabilities::whilePerformance}, performance for the condition
+     * subgraph and performance for the body subgraph, where performance for a
+     * subgraph is the sum of the performance of all operations within the
+     * subgraph.
+     */
+    PerformanceInfo whilePerformance;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Describes one operation of the model's graph.
+ */
+struct Operation {
+    /**
+     * The operation type.
+     *
+     * Besides the values listed in {@link OperationType}, any value above
+     * {@link OperationTypeRange::BASE_MAX} is possible and should be interpreted
+     * as an extension type according to {@link Model::extensionNameToPrefix}.
+     */
+    OperationType type;
+
+    /**
+     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the inputs of the
+     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> inputs;
+
+    /**
+     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the outputs of the
+     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> outputs;
+};
+
+/**
+ * How an operand is used.
+ */
+enum OperandLifeTime : int32_t {
+    /**
+     * The operand is internal to the model. It's created by an operation and
+     * consumed by other operations. It must be an output operand of
+     * exactly one operation.
+     */
+    TEMPORARY_VARIABLE,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is an input of a subgraph. It must not be an output
+     * operand of any operation.
+     *
+     * An operand can't be both input and output of a subgraph.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH_INPUT,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is an output of a subgraph. It must be an output
+     * operand of exactly one operation.
+     *
+     * An operand can't be both input and output of a subgraph.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is a constant found in Model.operandValues. It must
+     * not be an output operand of any operation.
+     */
+    CONSTANT_COPY,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is a constant that was specified via a Memory
+     * object. It must not be an output operand of any operation.
+     */
+    CONSTANT_REFERENCE,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand does not have a value. This is valid only for optional
+     * arguments of operations.
+     */
+    NO_VALUE,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is a reference to a subgraph. It must be an input to one
+     * or more {@link OperationType::IF} or {@link OperationType::WHILE}
+     * operations.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -115,7 +272,7 @@
      *     . The operand has lifetime CONSTANT_COPY or
      *       CONSTANT_REFERENCE.
      *
-     *     . The operand has lifetime MODEL_INPUT. Fully
+     *     . The operand has lifetime SUBGRAPH_INPUT. Fully
      *       specified dimensions must either be present in the
      *       Operand or they must be provided in the corresponding
      *       RequestArgument.
@@ -163,8 +320,8 @@
 
     /**
      * Where to find the data for this operand.
-     * If the lifetime is TEMPORARY_VARIABLE, MODEL_INPUT, MODEL_OUTPUT, or
-     * NO_VALUE:
+     * If the lifetime is TEMPORARY_VARIABLE, SUBGRAPH_INPUT, SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT,
+     * or NO_VALUE:
      * - All the fields must be 0.
      * If the lifetime is CONSTANT_COPY:
      * - location.poolIndex is 0.
@@ -174,55 +331,18 @@
      * - location.poolIndex is set.
      * - location.offset is the offset in bytes into the specified pool.
      * - location.length is set.
+     * If the lifetime is SUBGRAPH:
+     * - location.poolIndex is 0.
+     * - location.offset is the index of the referenced subgraph in
+     *   {@link Model::referenced}.
+     * - location.length is 0.
      */
     DataLocation location;
 
     /**
      * Additional parameters specific to a particular operand type.
      */
-    safe_union ExtraParams {
-       /**
-        * No additional parameters.
-        */
-       Monostate none;
-
-       /**
-        * Symmetric per-channel quantization parameters.
-        *
-        * Only applicable to operands of type TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL.
-        */
-       SymmPerChannelQuantParams channelQuant;
-
-       /**
-        * Extension operand parameters.
-        *
-        * The framework treats this as an opaque data blob.
-        * The format is up to individual extensions.
-        */
-       vec<uint8_t> extension;
-    } extraParams;
-};
-
-/**
- * Describes one operation of the model's graph.
- */
-struct Operation {
-    /**
-     * The operation type.
-     */
-    OperationType type;
-
-    /**
-     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the inputs of the
-     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
-     */
-    vec<uint32_t> inputs;
-
-    /**
-     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the outputs of the
-     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
-     */
-    vec<uint32_t> outputs;
+    @1.2::Operand.ExtraParams extraParams;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -234,32 +354,19 @@
  */
 struct Model {
     /**
-     * All operands included in the model.
+     * The top-level subgraph.
      */
-    vec<Operand> operands;
+    Subgraph main;
 
     /**
-     * All operations included in the model.
+     * Referenced subgraphs.
      *
-     * The operations are sorted into execution order. Every operand
-     * with lifetime MODEL_OUTPUT or TEMPORARY_VARIABLE must be
-     * written before it is read.
-     */
-    vec<Operation> operations;
-
-    /**
-     * Input indexes of the model. There must be at least one.
+     * Each subgraph is referenced by the main subgraph or at least one other
+     * referenced subgraph.
      *
-     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
+     * There must be no reference cycles.
      */
-    vec<uint32_t> inputIndexes;
-
-    /**
-     * Output indexes of the model. There must be at least one.
-     *
-     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
-     */
-    vec<uint32_t> outputIndexes;
+    vec<Subgraph> referenced;
 
     /**
      * A byte buffer containing operand data that were copied into the model.
@@ -293,9 +400,9 @@
      * {@link OperandTypeRange::BASE_MAX} or
      * {@link OperationTypeRange::BASE_MAX} respectively should be interpreted
      * as an extension operand. The low
-     * {@link Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::LOW_BITS_TYPE} bits of the value
-     * correspond to the type ID within the extension and the high
-     * {@link Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::HIGH_BITS_PREFIX} bits encode
+     * {@link @1.2::Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::LOW_BITS_TYPE} bits of the
+     * value correspond to the type ID within the extension and the high
+     * {@link @1.2::Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::HIGH_BITS_PREFIX} bits encode
      * the "prefix", which maps uniquely to the extension name.
      *
      * For example, if a model contains an operation whose value is
@@ -308,37 +415,197 @@
      * prefix corresponding to each extension name and at most one extension
      * name corresponding to each prefix.
      */
-    vec<ExtensionNameAndPrefix> extensionNameToPrefix;
+    vec<@1.2::Model.ExtensionNameAndPrefix> extensionNameToPrefix;
+};
+
+/**
+ * An excerpt of the execution graph.
+ */
+struct Subgraph {
+    /**
+     * All operands included in the subgraph.
+     */
+    vec<Operand> operands;
 
     /**
-     * A correspondence between an extension name and a prefix of operand and
-     * operation type values.
+     * All operations included in the subgraph.
+     *
+     * The operations are sorted into execution order. Every operand
+     * with lifetime SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT or TEMPORARY_VARIABLE must be
+     * written before it is read.
      */
-    struct ExtensionNameAndPrefix {
+    vec<Operation> operations;
+
+    /**
+     * Input indexes of the subgraph. There must be at least one.
+     *
+     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> inputIndexes;
+
+    /**
+     * Output indexes of the subgraph. There must be at least one.
+     *
+     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> outputIndexes;
+};
+
+/**
+ * A buffer descriptor. Describes the properties of a buffer.
+ */
+struct BufferDesc {
+    /**
+     * Dimensions of the buffer. May have unknown dimensions or rank. A buffer with some number
+     * of unspecified dimensions is represented by setting each unspecified dimension to 0. A
+     * buffer with unspecified rank is represented by providing an empty dimensions vector.
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> dimensions;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Describes a role of an input or output to a prepared model.
+ */
+struct BufferRole {
+    /**
+     * The index of the IPreparedModel within the "preparedModel" argument passed in
+     * IDevice::allocate.
+     */
+    uint32_t modelIndex;
+
+    /**
+     * The index of the input or output operand.
+     */
+    uint32_t ioIndex;
+
+    /**
+     * A floating-point value within the range (0.0, 1.0]. Describes how likely the
+     * buffer is to be used in the specified role. This is provided as a hint to
+     * optimize the case when multiple roles prefer different buffer locations or data
+     * layouts.
+     */
+    float frequency;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Inputs to be sent to and outputs to be retrieved from a prepared model.
+ *
+ * A Request serves two primary tasks:
+ * 1) Provides the input and output data to be used when executing the model.
+ * 2) Specifies any updates to the input operand metadata that were left
+ *    unspecified at model preparation time.
+ *
+ * An output must not overlap with any other output, with an input, or
+ * with an operand of lifetime CONSTANT_REFERENCE.
+ */
+struct Request {
+    /**
+     * Input data and information to be used in the execution of a prepared
+     * model.
+     *
+     * The index of the input corresponds to the index in Model.inputIndexes.
+     *   E.g., input[i] corresponds to Model.inputIndexes[i].
+     */
+    vec<RequestArgument> inputs;
+
+    /**
+     * Output data and information to be used in the execution of a prepared
+     * model.
+     *
+     * The index of the output corresponds to the index in Model.outputIndexes.
+     *   E.g., output[i] corresponds to Model.outputIndexes[i].
+     */
+    vec<RequestArgument> outputs;
+
+    /**
+     * A memory pool.
+     */
+    safe_union MemoryPool {
         /**
-         * The extension name.
-         *
-         * See {@link Extension::name} for the format specification.
+         * Specifies a client-managed shared memory pool.
          */
-        string name;
+        memory hidlMemory;
 
         /**
-         * The unique extension identifier within the model.
-         *
-         * See {@link Model::extensionNameToPrefix}.
+         * Specifies a driver-managed buffer. It is the token returned from IDevice::allocate,
+         * and is specific to the IDevice object.
          */
-        uint16_t prefix;
+        uint32_t token;
     };
 
     /**
-     * Numeric values of extension operand and operation types have the
-     * following structure:
-     * - 16 high bits represent the "prefix", which corresponds uniquely to the
-     *   extension name.
-     * - 16 low bits represent the type ID within the extension.
+     * A collection of memory pools containing operand data for both the
+     * inputs and the outputs to a model.
      */
-    enum ExtensionTypeEncoding : uint8_t {
-        HIGH_BITS_PREFIX = 16,
-        LOW_BITS_TYPE = 16,
-    };
+    vec<MemoryPool> pools;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Optional time point of the steady clock (as from std::chrono::steady_clock)
+ * measured in nanoseconds.
+ */
+safe_union OptionalTimePoint {
+    /** No time point provided. */
+    Monostate none;
+
+    /**
+     * Time point of the steady clock (as from std::chrono::steady_clock)
+     * measured in nanoseconds.
+     */
+    uint64_t nanosecondsSinceEpoch;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Optional timeout duration measured in nanoseconds.
+ */
+safe_union OptionalTimeoutDuration {
+    /** No time point provided. */
+    Monostate none;
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout duration measured in nanoseconds.
+     */
+    uint64_t nanoseconds;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Return status of a function.
+ */
+enum ErrorStatus : @1.0::ErrorStatus {
+    /**
+     * Failure because a deadline could not be met for a task, but future
+     * deadlines may still be met for the same task after a short delay.
+     */
+    MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Failure because a deadline could not be met for a task, and future
+     * deadlines will likely also not be met for the same task even after a
+     * short delay.
+     */
+    MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Failure because of a resource limitation within the driver, but future
+     * calls for the same task may still succeed after a short delay.
+     */
+    RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_TRANSIENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Failure because of a resource limitation within the driver, and future
+     * calls for the same task will likely also fail even after a short
+     * delay.
+     */
+    RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_PERSISTENT,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Each {@link OperationType::WHILE} operation in the model has an implicit
+ * execution timeout duration associated with it ("loop timeout duration").
+ * This duration is configurable on a per-execution basis and must not exceed
+ * 15 seconds. The default value is 2 seconds.
+ */
+enum LoopTimeoutDurationNs : uint64_t {
+    DEFAULT = 2000000000,
+    MAXIMUM = 15000000000,
 };
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
index e2795de..545a5be 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -15,11 +15,12 @@
 //
 
 cc_library_static {
-    name: "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_3Callbacks",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    name: "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_3_utils",
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     srcs: [
         "Callbacks.cpp",
+        "Utils.cpp",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0",
@@ -29,16 +30,18 @@
     ],
     header_libs: [
         "libbase_headers",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalNeuralnetworksV1_3TargetTest",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "BasicTests.cpp",
         "CompilationCachingTests.cpp",
         "GeneratedTestHarness.cpp",
+        "MemoryDomainTests.cpp",
+        "QualityOfServiceTests.cpp",
         "TestAssertions.cpp",
         "ValidateBurst.cpp",
         "ValidateModel.cpp",
@@ -50,6 +53,9 @@
         "libnativewindow",
     ],
     static_libs: [
+        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_0_utils",
+        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_2Callbacks",
+        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_3_utils",
         "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0",
         "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.1",
         "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2",
@@ -60,9 +66,7 @@
         "libhidlmemory",
         "libneuralnetworks_generated_test_harness",
         "libneuralnetworks_utils",
-        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_0_utils",
-        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_2Callbacks",
-        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_3Callbacks",
+        "libsync",
     ],
     whole_static_libs: [
         "neuralnetworks_generated_V1_0_example",
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/BasicTests.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/BasicTests.cpp
index b64dc2f..1c25369 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/BasicTests.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/BasicTests.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
 
 using V1_0::DeviceStatus;
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
 using V1_0::PerformanceInfo;
 using V1_2::Constant;
 using V1_2::DeviceType;
@@ -58,6 +57,11 @@
                                    [](const OperandPerformance& a, const OperandPerformance& b) {
                                        return a.type < b.type;
                                    }));
+        EXPECT_TRUE(std::all_of(opPerf.begin(), opPerf.end(), [](const OperandPerformance& a) {
+            return a.type != OperandType::SUBGRAPH;
+        }));
+        EXPECT_TRUE(isPositive(capabilities.ifPerformance));
+        EXPECT_TRUE(isPositive(capabilities.whilePerformance));
     });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp
index 4f08e72..5768e37 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp
@@ -24,12 +24,16 @@
 
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::implementation {
 
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
+using V1_2::OutputShape;
+using V1_2::Timing;
+
+constexpr Timing kNoTiming = {.timeOnDevice = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(),
+                              .timeInDriver = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()};
 
 // PreparedModelCallback methods begin here
 
-Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notify(ErrorStatus errorStatus,
-                                           const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
+Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notifyInternal(ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                                   const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
     {
         std::lock_guard<std::mutex> hold(mMutex);
 
@@ -48,14 +52,19 @@
     return Void();
 }
 
-Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2(ErrorStatus errorStatus,
-                                               const sp<V1_2::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
-    return notify(errorStatus, preparedModel);
+Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notify(V1_0::ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                           const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
+    return notifyInternal(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(errorStatus), preparedModel);
 }
 
-Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notify_1_3(ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2(V1_0::ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                               const sp<V1_2::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
+    return notifyInternal(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(errorStatus), preparedModel);
+}
+
+Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notify_1_3(V1_3::ErrorStatus errorStatus,
                                                const sp<V1_3::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
-    return notify(errorStatus, preparedModel);
+    return notifyInternal(errorStatus, preparedModel);
 }
 
 void PreparedModelCallback::wait() const {
@@ -73,4 +82,82 @@
     return mPreparedModel;
 }
 
+// ExecutionCallback methods begin here
+
+Return<void> ExecutionCallback::notify(V1_0::ErrorStatus errorStatus) {
+    return notifyInternal(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(errorStatus), {}, kNoTiming);
+}
+
+Return<void> ExecutionCallback::notify_1_2(V1_0::ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                           const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes,
+                                           const Timing& timing) {
+    return notifyInternal(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(errorStatus), outputShapes, timing);
+}
+
+Return<void> ExecutionCallback::notify_1_3(V1_3::ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                           const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes,
+                                           const Timing& timing) {
+    return notifyInternal(errorStatus, outputShapes, timing);
+}
+
+void ExecutionCallback::wait() const {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+    mCondition.wait(lock, [this] { return mNotified; });
+}
+
+ErrorStatus ExecutionCallback::getStatus() const {
+    wait();
+    return mErrorStatus;
+}
+
+const std::vector<OutputShape>& ExecutionCallback::getOutputShapes() const {
+    wait();
+    return mOutputShapes;
+}
+
+Timing ExecutionCallback::getTiming() const {
+    wait();
+    return mTiming;
+}
+
+Return<void> ExecutionCallback::notifyInternal(ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                               hidl_vec<OutputShape> outputShapes, Timing timing) {
+    // check results
+    if (errorStatus == ErrorStatus::OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE) {
+        // outputShapes must not be empty if OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+        if (outputShapes.size() == 0) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Notifid with empty output shape vector when OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE";
+            errorStatus = ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+            outputShapes = {};
+            timing = kNoTiming;
+        }
+    } else if (errorStatus != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+        // outputShapes must be empty if errorStatus is neither NONE nor OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+        if (outputShapes.size() != 0) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Notified with non-empty output shape vector when error status is "
+                          "neither NONE nor OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE";
+            errorStatus = ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+            outputShapes = {};
+            timing = kNoTiming;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // store results
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> hold(mMutex);
+
+        // quick-return if object has already been notified
+        if (mNotified) {
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
+        mOutputShapes = std::move(outputShapes);
+        mTiming = timing;
+        mNotified = true;
+    }
+    mCondition.notify_all();
+    return Void();
+}
+
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::implementation
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp
index d8a7534..ac18c8f 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <thread>
 
 #include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
 #include "MemoryUtils.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
@@ -49,7 +50,6 @@
 
 using namespace test_helper;
 using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
 using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
 using V1_2::Constant;
 using V1_2::OperationType;
@@ -209,10 +209,10 @@
     };
 
     return {
-            .operands = std::move(operands),
-            .operations = std::move(operations),
-            .inputIndexes = {1},
-            .outputIndexes = {len * 2 + 1},
+            .main = {.operands = std::move(operands),
+                     .operations = std::move(operations),
+                     .inputIndexes = {1},
+                     .outputIndexes = {len * 2 + 1}},
             .isRelaxed = false,
     };
 }
@@ -238,8 +238,8 @@
         mCacheDir.push_back('/');
 
         Return<void> ret = kDevice->getNumberOfCacheFilesNeeded(
-                [this](ErrorStatus status, uint32_t numModelCache, uint32_t numDataCache) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
+                [this](V1_0::ErrorStatus status, uint32_t numModelCache, uint32_t numDataCache) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(V1_0::ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
                     mNumModelCache = numModelCache;
                     mNumDataCache = numDataCache;
                 });
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@
                 model,
                 [&fullySupportsModel, &model](ErrorStatus status, const hidl_vec<bool>& supported) {
                     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(supported.size(), model.operations.size());
+                    ASSERT_EQ(supported.size(), model.main.operations.size());
                     fullySupportsModel = std::all_of(supported.begin(), supported.end(),
                                                      [](bool valid) { return valid; });
                 });
@@ -324,9 +324,9 @@
         // Launch prepare model.
         sp<PreparedModelCallback> preparedModelCallback = new PreparedModelCallback();
         hidl_array<uint8_t, sizeof(mToken)> cacheToken(mToken);
-        Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus =
-                kDevice->prepareModel_1_3(model, ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER,
-                                          modelCache, dataCache, cacheToken, preparedModelCallback);
+        Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus = kDevice->prepareModel_1_3(
+                model, ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER, kDefaultPriority, {}, modelCache,
+                dataCache, cacheToken, preparedModelCallback);
         ASSERT_TRUE(prepareLaunchStatus.isOk());
         ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(prepareLaunchStatus), ErrorStatus::NONE);
 
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@
         sp<PreparedModelCallback> preparedModelCallback = new PreparedModelCallback();
         hidl_array<uint8_t, sizeof(mToken)> cacheToken(mToken);
         Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus = kDevice->prepareModelFromCache_1_3(
-                modelCache, dataCache, cacheToken, preparedModelCallback);
+                {}, modelCache, dataCache, cacheToken, preparedModelCallback);
         ASSERT_TRUE(prepareLaunchStatus.isOk());
         if (static_cast<ErrorStatus>(prepareLaunchStatus) != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
             *preparedModel = nullptr;
@@ -456,8 +456,7 @@
     }
 
     // Execute and verify results.
-    EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                          /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+    EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
 }
 
 TEST_P(CompilationCachingTest, CacheSavingAndRetrievalNonZeroOffset) {
@@ -519,8 +518,7 @@
     }
 
     // Execute and verify results.
-    EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                          /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+    EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
 }
 
 TEST_P(CompilationCachingTest, SaveToCacheInvalidNumCache) {
@@ -541,8 +539,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -566,8 +563,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -590,8 +586,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -615,8 +610,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -727,8 +721,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -752,8 +745,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -776,8 +768,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -801,8 +792,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -914,8 +904,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -937,8 +926,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -1082,8 +1070,8 @@
                 ASSERT_EQ(preparedModel, nullptr);
             } else {
                 ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
-                EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModelAdd,
-                                      /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+                EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModelAdd,
+                                      /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -1144,8 +1132,8 @@
                 ASSERT_EQ(preparedModel, nullptr);
             } else {
                 ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
-                EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModelAdd,
-                                      /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+                EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModelAdd,
+                                      /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
index 325d641..4dbac16 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
@@ -29,22 +29,25 @@
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/types.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IDevice.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IFencedExecutionCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModel.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.h>
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
+#include <android/sync.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
 
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <numeric>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "1.0/Utils.h"
-#include "1.2/Callbacks.h"
 #include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
 #include "ExecutionBurstController.h"
 #include "MemoryUtils.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
@@ -55,44 +58,172 @@
 
 using namespace test_helper;
 using hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
+using implementation::ExecutionCallback;
 using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 using V1_0::DataLocation;
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
-using V1_0::OperandLifeTime;
-using V1_0::Request;
+using V1_0::RequestArgument;
 using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
 using V1_2::Constant;
 using V1_2::MeasureTiming;
-using V1_2::OperationType;
 using V1_2::OutputShape;
 using V1_2::SymmPerChannelQuantParams;
 using V1_2::Timing;
-using V1_2::implementation::ExecutionCallback;
 using HidlToken = hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
 
-enum class OutputType { FULLY_SPECIFIED, UNSPECIFIED, INSUFFICIENT };
+namespace {
 
-Model createModel(const TestModel& testModel) {
-    // Model operands.
-    hidl_vec<Operand> operands(testModel.operands.size());
-    size_t constCopySize = 0, constRefSize = 0;
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.operands.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& op = testModel.operands[i];
+enum class OutputType { FULLY_SPECIFIED, UNSPECIFIED, INSUFFICIENT, MISSED_DEADLINE };
+
+enum class IOType { INPUT, OUTPUT };
+
+struct TestConfig {
+    Executor executor;
+    MeasureTiming measureTiming;
+    OutputType outputType;
+    MemoryType memoryType;
+    // `reportSkipping` indicates if a test should print an info message in case
+    // it is skipped. The field is set to true by default and is set to false in
+    // quantization coupling tests to suppress skipping a test
+    bool reportSkipping;
+    TestConfig(Executor executor, MeasureTiming measureTiming, OutputType outputType,
+               MemoryType memoryType)
+        : executor(executor),
+          measureTiming(measureTiming),
+          outputType(outputType),
+          memoryType(memoryType),
+          reportSkipping(true) {}
+    TestConfig(Executor executor, MeasureTiming measureTiming, OutputType outputType,
+               MemoryType memoryType, bool reportSkipping)
+        : executor(executor),
+          measureTiming(measureTiming),
+          outputType(outputType),
+          memoryType(memoryType),
+          reportSkipping(reportSkipping) {}
+};
+
+class DeviceMemoryAllocator {
+  public:
+    DeviceMemoryAllocator(const sp<IDevice>& device, const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                          const TestModel& testModel)
+        : kDevice(device), kPreparedModel(preparedModel), kTestModel(testModel) {}
+
+    // Allocate device memory for a target input/output operand.
+    // Return {IBuffer object, token} if successful.
+    // Return {nullptr, 0} if device memory is not supported.
+    template <IOType ioType>
+    std::pair<sp<IBuffer>, uint32_t> allocate(uint32_t index) {
+        std::pair<sp<IBuffer>, uint32_t> buffer;
+        allocateInternal<ioType>(index, &buffer);
+        return buffer;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    template <IOType ioType>
+    void allocateInternal(uint32_t index, std::pair<sp<IBuffer>, uint32_t>* result) {
+        ASSERT_NE(result, nullptr);
+
+        // Prepare arguments.
+        BufferRole role = {.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = index, .frequency = 1.0f};
+        hidl_vec<BufferRole> inputRoles, outputRoles;
+        if constexpr (ioType == IOType::INPUT) {
+            inputRoles = {role};
+        } else {
+            outputRoles = {role};
+        }
+
+        // Allocate device memory.
+        ErrorStatus status;
+        sp<IBuffer> buffer;
+        uint32_t token;
+        auto cb = [&status, &buffer, &token](ErrorStatus error, const sp<IBuffer>& buf,
+                                             uint32_t tok) {
+            status = error;
+            buffer = buf;
+            token = tok;
+        };
+        const auto ret = kDevice->allocate({}, {kPreparedModel}, inputRoles, outputRoles, cb);
+
+        // Check allocation results.
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        if (status == ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+            ASSERT_NE(buffer, nullptr);
+            ASSERT_GT(token, 0);
+        } else {
+            ASSERT_EQ(status, ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE);
+            ASSERT_EQ(buffer, nullptr);
+            ASSERT_EQ(token, 0);
+        }
+
+        // Initialize input data from TestBuffer.
+        if constexpr (ioType == IOType::INPUT) {
+            if (buffer != nullptr) {
+                // TestBuffer -> Shared memory.
+                const auto& testBuffer =
+                        kTestModel.main.operands[kTestModel.main.inputIndexes[index]].data;
+                ASSERT_GT(testBuffer.size(), 0);
+                hidl_memory tmp = nn::allocateSharedMemory(testBuffer.size());
+                sp<IMemory> inputMemory = mapMemory(tmp);
+                ASSERT_NE(inputMemory.get(), nullptr);
+                uint8_t* inputPtr =
+                        static_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(inputMemory->getPointer()));
+                ASSERT_NE(inputPtr, nullptr);
+                const uint8_t* begin = testBuffer.get<uint8_t>();
+                const uint8_t* end = begin + testBuffer.size();
+                std::copy(begin, end, inputPtr);
+
+                // Shared memory -> IBuffer.
+                auto ret = buffer->copyFrom(tmp, {});
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(ret), ErrorStatus::NONE);
+            }
+        }
+        *result = {std::move(buffer), token};
+    }
+
+    const sp<IDevice> kDevice;
+    const sp<IPreparedModel> kPreparedModel;
+    const TestModel& kTestModel;
+};
+
+Subgraph createSubgraph(const TestSubgraph& testSubgraph, uint32_t* constCopySize,
+                        std::vector<const TestBuffer*>* constCopies, uint32_t* constRefSize,
+                        std::vector<const TestBuffer*>* constReferences) {
+    CHECK(constCopySize != nullptr);
+    CHECK(constCopies != nullptr);
+    CHECK(constRefSize != nullptr);
+    CHECK(constReferences != nullptr);
+
+    // Operands.
+    hidl_vec<Operand> operands(testSubgraph.operands.size());
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testSubgraph.operands.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testSubgraph.operands[i];
 
         DataLocation loc = {};
         if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_COPY) {
-            loc = {.poolIndex = 0,
-                   .offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(constCopySize),
-                   .length = static_cast<uint32_t>(op.data.size())};
-            constCopySize += op.data.alignedSize();
+            loc = {
+                    .poolIndex = 0,
+                    .offset = *constCopySize,
+                    .length = static_cast<uint32_t>(op.data.size()),
+            };
+            constCopies->push_back(&op.data);
+            *constCopySize += op.data.alignedSize();
         } else if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_REFERENCE) {
-            loc = {.poolIndex = 0,
-                   .offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(constRefSize),
-                   .length = static_cast<uint32_t>(op.data.size())};
-            constRefSize += op.data.alignedSize();
+            loc = {
+                    .poolIndex = 0,
+                    .offset = *constRefSize,
+                    .length = static_cast<uint32_t>(op.data.size()),
+            };
+            constReferences->push_back(&op.data);
+            *constRefSize += op.data.alignedSize();
+        } else if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH) {
+            loc = {
+                    .poolIndex = 0,
+                    .offset = *op.data.get<uint32_t>(),
+                    .length = 0,
+            };
         }
 
-        Operand::ExtraParams extraParams;
+        V1_2::Operand::ExtraParams extraParams;
         if (op.type == TestOperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL) {
             extraParams.channelQuant(SymmPerChannelQuantParams{
                     .scales = op.channelQuant.scales, .channelDim = op.channelQuant.channelDim});
@@ -108,25 +239,59 @@
                        .extraParams = std::move(extraParams)};
     }
 
-    // Model operations.
-    hidl_vec<Operation> operations(testModel.operations.size());
-    std::transform(testModel.operations.begin(), testModel.operations.end(), operations.begin(),
-                   [](const TestOperation& op) -> Operation {
+    // Operations.
+    hidl_vec<Operation> operations(testSubgraph.operations.size());
+    std::transform(testSubgraph.operations.begin(), testSubgraph.operations.end(),
+                   operations.begin(), [](const TestOperation& op) -> Operation {
                        return {.type = static_cast<OperationType>(op.type),
                                .inputs = op.inputs,
                                .outputs = op.outputs};
                    });
 
+    return {.operands = std::move(operands),
+            .operations = std::move(operations),
+            .inputIndexes = testSubgraph.inputIndexes,
+            .outputIndexes = testSubgraph.outputIndexes};
+}
+
+void copyTestBuffers(const std::vector<const TestBuffer*>& buffers, uint8_t* output) {
+    uint32_t offset = 0;
+    for (const TestBuffer* buffer : buffers) {
+        const uint8_t* begin = buffer->get<uint8_t>();
+        const uint8_t* end = begin + buffer->size();
+        std::copy(begin, end, output + offset);
+        offset += buffer->alignedSize();
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+void waitForSyncFence(int syncFd) {
+    constexpr int kInfiniteTimeout = -1;
+    ASSERT_GT(syncFd, 0);
+    int r = sync_wait(syncFd, kInfiniteTimeout);
+    ASSERT_GE(r, 0);
+}
+
+Model createModel(const TestModel& testModel) {
+    uint32_t constCopySize = 0;
+    uint32_t constRefSize = 0;
+    std::vector<const TestBuffer*> constCopies;
+    std::vector<const TestBuffer*> constReferences;
+
+    Subgraph mainSubgraph = createSubgraph(testModel.main, &constCopySize, &constCopies,
+                                           &constRefSize, &constReferences);
+    hidl_vec<Subgraph> refSubgraphs(testModel.referenced.size());
+    std::transform(testModel.referenced.begin(), testModel.referenced.end(), refSubgraphs.begin(),
+                   [&constCopySize, &constCopies, &constRefSize,
+                    &constReferences](const TestSubgraph& testSubgraph) {
+                       return createSubgraph(testSubgraph, &constCopySize, &constCopies,
+                                             &constRefSize, &constReferences);
+                   });
+
     // Constant copies.
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> operandValues(constCopySize);
-    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.operands.size(); i++) {
-        const auto& op = testModel.operands[i];
-        if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_COPY) {
-            const uint8_t* begin = op.data.get<uint8_t>();
-            const uint8_t* end = begin + op.data.size();
-            std::copy(begin, end, operandValues.data() + operands[i].location.offset);
-        }
-    }
+    copyTestBuffers(constCopies, operandValues.data());
 
     // Shared memory.
     hidl_vec<hidl_memory> pools = {};
@@ -141,27 +306,18 @@
                 reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(mappedMemory->getPointer()));
         CHECK(mappedPtr != nullptr);
 
-        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.operands.size(); i++) {
-            const auto& op = testModel.operands[i];
-            if (op.lifetime == TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_REFERENCE) {
-                const uint8_t* begin = op.data.get<uint8_t>();
-                const uint8_t* end = begin + op.data.size();
-                std::copy(begin, end, mappedPtr + operands[i].location.offset);
-            }
-        }
+        copyTestBuffers(constReferences, mappedPtr);
     }
 
-    return {.operands = std::move(operands),
-            .operations = std::move(operations),
-            .inputIndexes = testModel.inputIndexes,
-            .outputIndexes = testModel.outputIndexes,
+    return {.main = std::move(mainSubgraph),
+            .referenced = std::move(refSubgraphs),
             .operandValues = std::move(operandValues),
             .pools = std::move(pools),
             .relaxComputationFloat32toFloat16 = testModel.isRelaxed};
 }
 
 static bool isOutputSizeGreaterThanOne(const TestModel& testModel, uint32_t index) {
-    const auto byteSize = testModel.operands[testModel.outputIndexes[index]].data.size();
+    const auto byteSize = testModel.main.operands[testModel.main.outputIndexes[index]].data.size();
     return byteSize > 1u;
 }
 
@@ -172,24 +328,209 @@
 }
 
 static void makeOutputDimensionsUnspecified(Model* model) {
-    for (auto i : model->outputIndexes) {
-        auto& dims = model->operands[i].dimensions;
+    for (auto i : model->main.outputIndexes) {
+        auto& dims = model->main.operands[i].dimensions;
         std::fill(dims.begin(), dims.end(), 0);
     }
 }
 
+class ExecutionContextV1_3 {
+  public:
+    ExecutionContextV1_3(sp<IDevice> device, sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel)
+        : kDevice(std::move(device)), kPreparedModel(std::move(preparedModel)) {}
+
+    std::optional<Request> createRequest(const TestModel& testModel, MemoryType memoryType);
+    std::vector<TestBuffer> getOutputBuffers(const TestModel& testModel,
+                                             const Request& request) const;
+
+  private:
+    // Get a TestBuffer with data copied from an IBuffer object.
+    void getBuffer(const sp<IBuffer>& buffer, size_t size, TestBuffer* testBuffer) const;
+
+    static constexpr uint32_t kInputPoolIndex = 0;
+    static constexpr uint32_t kOutputPoolIndex = 1;
+    static constexpr uint32_t kDeviceMemoryBeginIndex = 2;
+
+    const sp<IDevice> kDevice;
+    const sp<IPreparedModel> kPreparedModel;
+    std::unique_ptr<TestMemoryBase> mInputMemory, mOutputMemory;
+    std::vector<sp<IBuffer>> mBuffers;
+};
+
+std::optional<Request> ExecutionContextV1_3::createRequest(const TestModel& testModel,
+                                                           MemoryType memoryType) {
+    // Memory pools are organized as:
+    // - 0: Input shared memory pool
+    // - 1: Output shared memory pool
+    // - [2, 2+i): Input device memories
+    // - [2+i, 2+i+o): Output device memories
+    DeviceMemoryAllocator allocator(kDevice, kPreparedModel, testModel);
+    std::vector<uint32_t> tokens;
+    mBuffers.clear();
+
+    // Model inputs.
+    hidl_vec<RequestArgument> inputs(testModel.main.inputIndexes.size());
+    size_t inputSize = 0;
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.inputIndexes.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[testModel.main.inputIndexes[i]];
+        if (op.data.size() == 0) {
+            // Omitted input.
+            inputs[i] = {.hasNoValue = true};
+            continue;
+        } else if (memoryType == MemoryType::DEVICE) {
+            SCOPED_TRACE("Input index = " + std::to_string(i));
+            auto [buffer, token] = allocator.allocate<IOType::INPUT>(i);
+            if (buffer != nullptr) {
+                DataLocation loc = {.poolIndex = static_cast<uint32_t>(mBuffers.size() +
+                                                                       kDeviceMemoryBeginIndex)};
+                mBuffers.push_back(std::move(buffer));
+                tokens.push_back(token);
+                inputs[i] = {.hasNoValue = false, .location = loc, .dimensions = {}};
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Reserve shared memory for input.
+        DataLocation loc = {.poolIndex = kInputPoolIndex,
+                            .offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(inputSize),
+                            .length = static_cast<uint32_t>(op.data.size())};
+        inputSize += op.data.alignedSize();
+        inputs[i] = {.hasNoValue = false, .location = loc, .dimensions = {}};
+    }
+
+    // Model outputs.
+    hidl_vec<RequestArgument> outputs(testModel.main.outputIndexes.size());
+    size_t outputSize = 0;
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.outputIndexes.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[testModel.main.outputIndexes[i]];
+        if (memoryType == MemoryType::DEVICE) {
+            SCOPED_TRACE("Output index = " + std::to_string(i));
+            auto [buffer, token] = allocator.allocate<IOType::OUTPUT>(i);
+            if (buffer != nullptr) {
+                DataLocation loc = {.poolIndex = static_cast<uint32_t>(mBuffers.size() +
+                                                                       kDeviceMemoryBeginIndex)};
+                mBuffers.push_back(std::move(buffer));
+                tokens.push_back(token);
+                outputs[i] = {.hasNoValue = false, .location = loc, .dimensions = {}};
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // In the case of zero-sized output, we should at least provide a one-byte buffer.
+        // This is because zero-sized tensors are only supported internally to the driver, or
+        // reported in output shapes. It is illegal for the client to pre-specify a zero-sized
+        // tensor as model output. Otherwise, we will have two semantic conflicts:
+        // - "Zero dimension" conflicts with "unspecified dimension".
+        // - "Omitted operand buffer" conflicts with "zero-sized operand buffer".
+        size_t bufferSize = std::max<size_t>(op.data.size(), 1);
+
+        // Reserve shared memory for output.
+        DataLocation loc = {.poolIndex = kOutputPoolIndex,
+                            .offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(outputSize),
+                            .length = static_cast<uint32_t>(bufferSize)};
+        outputSize += op.data.size() == 0 ? TestBuffer::kAlignment : op.data.alignedSize();
+        outputs[i] = {.hasNoValue = false, .location = loc, .dimensions = {}};
+    }
+
+    if (memoryType == MemoryType::DEVICE && mBuffers.empty()) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    // Memory pools.
+    hidl_vec<Request::MemoryPool> pools(kDeviceMemoryBeginIndex + mBuffers.size());
+    if (memoryType == MemoryType::BLOB_AHWB) {
+        mInputMemory = TestBlobAHWB::create(std::max<size_t>(inputSize, 1));
+        mOutputMemory = TestBlobAHWB::create(std::max<size_t>(outputSize, 1));
+    } else {
+        mInputMemory = TestAshmem::create(std::max<size_t>(inputSize, 1));
+        mOutputMemory = TestAshmem::create(std::max<size_t>(outputSize, 1));
+    }
+    EXPECT_NE(mInputMemory, nullptr);
+    EXPECT_NE(mOutputMemory, nullptr);
+    pools[kInputPoolIndex].hidlMemory(mInputMemory->getHidlMemory());
+    pools[kOutputPoolIndex].hidlMemory(mOutputMemory->getHidlMemory());
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < mBuffers.size(); i++) {
+        pools[kDeviceMemoryBeginIndex + i].token(tokens[i]);
+    }
+
+    // Copy input data to the input shared memory pool.
+    uint8_t* inputPtr = mInputMemory->getPointer();
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.main.inputIndexes.size(); i++) {
+        if (!inputs[i].hasNoValue && inputs[i].location.poolIndex == kInputPoolIndex) {
+            const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[testModel.main.inputIndexes[i]];
+            const uint8_t* begin = op.data.get<uint8_t>();
+            const uint8_t* end = begin + op.data.size();
+            std::copy(begin, end, inputPtr + inputs[i].location.offset);
+        }
+    }
+    return Request{
+            .inputs = std::move(inputs), .outputs = std::move(outputs), .pools = std::move(pools)};
+}
+
+std::vector<TestBuffer> ExecutionContextV1_3::getOutputBuffers(const TestModel& testModel,
+                                                               const Request& request) const {
+    // Copy out output results.
+    uint8_t* outputPtr = mOutputMemory->getPointer();
+    std::vector<TestBuffer> outputBuffers;
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < request.outputs.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& outputLoc = request.outputs[i].location;
+        if (outputLoc.poolIndex == kOutputPoolIndex) {
+            outputBuffers.emplace_back(outputLoc.length, outputPtr + outputLoc.offset);
+        } else {
+            const auto& op = testModel.main.operands[testModel.main.outputIndexes[i]];
+            if (op.data.size() == 0) {
+                outputBuffers.emplace_back(0, nullptr);
+            } else {
+                SCOPED_TRACE("Output index = " + std::to_string(i));
+                const uint32_t bufferIndex = outputLoc.poolIndex - kDeviceMemoryBeginIndex;
+                TestBuffer buffer;
+                getBuffer(mBuffers[bufferIndex], op.data.size(), &buffer);
+                outputBuffers.push_back(std::move(buffer));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return outputBuffers;
+}
+
+// Get a TestBuffer with data copied from an IBuffer object.
+void ExecutionContextV1_3::getBuffer(const sp<IBuffer>& buffer, size_t size,
+                                     TestBuffer* testBuffer) const {
+    // IBuffer -> Shared memory.
+    hidl_memory tmp = nn::allocateSharedMemory(size);
+    const auto ret = buffer->copyTo(tmp);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(ret), ErrorStatus::NONE);
+
+    // Shared memory -> TestBuffer.
+    sp<IMemory> outputMemory = mapMemory(tmp);
+    ASSERT_NE(outputMemory.get(), nullptr);
+    uint8_t* outputPtr = static_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(outputMemory->getPointer()));
+    ASSERT_NE(outputPtr, nullptr);
+    ASSERT_NE(testBuffer, nullptr);
+    *testBuffer = TestBuffer(size, outputPtr);
+}
+
+static bool hasZeroSizedOutput(const TestModel& testModel) {
+    return std::any_of(testModel.main.outputIndexes.begin(), testModel.main.outputIndexes.end(),
+                       [&testModel](uint32_t index) {
+                           return testModel.main.operands[index].data.size() == 0;
+                       });
+}
+
 static Return<ErrorStatus> ExecutePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
                                                 const Request& request, MeasureTiming measure,
+                                                const OptionalTimeoutDuration& loopTimeoutDuration,
                                                 sp<ExecutionCallback>& callback) {
-    return preparedModel->execute_1_3(request, measure, callback);
+    return preparedModel->execute_1_3(request, measure, {}, loopTimeoutDuration, callback);
 }
 static Return<ErrorStatus> ExecutePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
                                                 const Request& request, MeasureTiming measure,
+                                                const OptionalTimeoutDuration& loopTimeoutDuration,
                                                 hidl_vec<OutputShape>* outputShapes,
                                                 Timing* timing) {
     ErrorStatus result;
-    Return<void> ret = preparedModel->executeSynchronously(
-            request, measure,
+    Return<void> ret = preparedModel->executeSynchronously_1_3(
+            request, measure, {}, loopTimeoutDuration,
             [&result, outputShapes, timing](ErrorStatus error, const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& shapes,
                                             const Timing& time) {
                 result = error;
@@ -206,31 +547,54 @@
     return android::nn::ExecutionBurstController::create(preparedModel,
                                                          std::chrono::microseconds{0});
 }
-enum class Executor { ASYNC, SYNC, BURST };
 
-void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const TestModel& testModel,
-                           Executor executor, MeasureTiming measure, OutputType outputType) {
+void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                           const TestModel& testModel, const TestConfig& testConfig,
+                           bool* skipped = nullptr) {
+    if (skipped != nullptr) {
+        *skipped = false;
+    }
     // If output0 does not have size larger than one byte, we can not test with insufficient buffer.
-    if (outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT && !isOutputSizeGreaterThanOne(testModel, 0)) {
+    if (testConfig.outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT &&
+        !isOutputSizeGreaterThanOne(testModel, 0)) {
         return;
     }
 
-    Request request = createRequest(testModel);
-    if (outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT) {
+    ExecutionContextV1_3 context(device, preparedModel);
+    auto maybeRequest = context.createRequest(testModel, testConfig.memoryType);
+    // Skip if testing memory domain but no device memory has been allocated.
+    if (!maybeRequest.has_value()) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    Request request = std::move(maybeRequest.value());
+    if (testConfig.outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT) {
         makeOutputInsufficientSize(/*outputIndex=*/0, &request);
     }
 
+    OptionalTimeoutDuration loopTimeoutDuration;
+    // OutputType::MISSED_DEADLINE is only used by
+    // TestKind::INTINITE_LOOP_TIMEOUT tests to verify that an infinite loop is
+    // aborted after a timeout.
+    if (testConfig.outputType == OutputType::MISSED_DEADLINE) {
+        // Override the default loop timeout duration with a small value to
+        // speed up test execution.
+        constexpr uint64_t kMillisecond = 1'000'000;
+        loopTimeoutDuration.nanoseconds(1 * kMillisecond);
+    }
+
     ErrorStatus executionStatus;
     hidl_vec<OutputShape> outputShapes;
     Timing timing;
-    switch (executor) {
+    switch (testConfig.executor) {
         case Executor::ASYNC: {
             SCOPED_TRACE("asynchronous");
 
             // launch execution
             sp<ExecutionCallback> executionCallback = new ExecutionCallback();
             Return<ErrorStatus> executionLaunchStatus =
-                    ExecutePreparedModel(preparedModel, request, measure, executionCallback);
+                    ExecutePreparedModel(preparedModel, request, testConfig.measureTiming,
+                                         loopTimeoutDuration, executionCallback);
             ASSERT_TRUE(executionLaunchStatus.isOk());
             EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(executionLaunchStatus));
 
@@ -247,38 +611,92 @@
 
             // execute
             Return<ErrorStatus> executionReturnStatus =
-                    ExecutePreparedModel(preparedModel, request, measure, &outputShapes, &timing);
+                    ExecutePreparedModel(preparedModel, request, testConfig.measureTiming,
+                                         loopTimeoutDuration, &outputShapes, &timing);
             ASSERT_TRUE(executionReturnStatus.isOk());
             executionStatus = static_cast<ErrorStatus>(executionReturnStatus);
 
             break;
         }
         case Executor::BURST: {
+            // TODO(butlermichael): Check if we need to test burst in V1_3 if the interface remains
+            //                      V1_2.
             SCOPED_TRACE("burst");
 
+            // check compliance
+            ASSERT_TRUE(nn::compliantWithV1_0(request));
+            V1_0::Request request10 = nn::convertToV1_0(request);
+
             // create burst
             const std::shared_ptr<::android::nn::ExecutionBurstController> controller =
                     CreateBurst(preparedModel);
             ASSERT_NE(nullptr, controller.get());
 
             // create memory keys
-            std::vector<intptr_t> keys(request.pools.size());
+            std::vector<intptr_t> keys(request10.pools.size());
             for (size_t i = 0; i < keys.size(); ++i) {
-                keys[i] = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(&request.pools[i]);
+                keys[i] = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(&request10.pools[i]);
             }
 
             // execute burst
             int n;
             std::tie(n, outputShapes, timing, std::ignore) =
-                    controller->compute(request, measure, keys);
+                    controller->compute(request10, testConfig.measureTiming, keys);
             executionStatus = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(n);
 
             break;
         }
+        case Executor::FENCED: {
+            SCOPED_TRACE("fenced");
+            ErrorStatus result;
+            hidl_handle syncFenceHandle;
+            sp<IFencedExecutionCallback> fencedCallback;
+            auto callbackFunc = [&result, &syncFenceHandle, &fencedCallback](
+                                        ErrorStatus error, const hidl_handle& handle,
+                                        const sp<IFencedExecutionCallback>& callback) {
+                result = error;
+                syncFenceHandle = handle;
+                fencedCallback = callback;
+            };
+            Return<void> ret =
+                    preparedModel->executeFenced(request, {}, testConfig.measureTiming, {},
+                                                 loopTimeoutDuration, {}, callbackFunc);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            if (result != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+                ASSERT_EQ(syncFenceHandle.getNativeHandle(), nullptr);
+                ASSERT_EQ(fencedCallback, nullptr);
+                executionStatus = result;
+                timing = {UINT64_MAX, UINT64_MAX};
+            } else if (syncFenceHandle.getNativeHandle()) {
+                // If a sync fence is returned, try start another run waiting for the sync fence.
+                ret = preparedModel->executeFenced(request, {syncFenceHandle},
+                                                   testConfig.measureTiming, {},
+                                                   loopTimeoutDuration, {}, callbackFunc);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(result, ErrorStatus::NONE);
+                waitForSyncFence(syncFenceHandle.getNativeHandle()->data[0]);
+            }
+            if (result == ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+                ASSERT_NE(fencedCallback, nullptr);
+                Return<void> ret = fencedCallback->getExecutionInfo(
+                        [&executionStatus, &timing](ErrorStatus error, Timing t, Timing) {
+                            executionStatus = error;
+                            timing = t;
+                        });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
+            break;
+        }
     }
 
-    if (outputType != OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED &&
+    if (testConfig.outputType != OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED &&
         executionStatus == ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE) {
+        if (skipped != nullptr) {
+            *skipped = true;
+        }
+        if (!testConfig.reportSkipping) {
+            return;
+        }
         LOG(INFO) << "NN VTS: Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
                      "execute model that it does not support.";
         std::cout << "[          ]   Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
@@ -286,7 +704,7 @@
                   << std::endl;
         GTEST_SKIP();
     }
-    if (measure == MeasureTiming::NO) {
+    if (testConfig.measureTiming == MeasureTiming::NO) {
         EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeOnDevice);
         EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeInDriver);
     } else {
@@ -295,96 +713,198 @@
         }
     }
 
-    switch (outputType) {
+    switch (testConfig.outputType) {
         case OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED:
+            if (testConfig.executor == Executor::FENCED && hasZeroSizedOutput(testModel)) {
+                // Executor::FENCED does not support zero-sized output.
+                ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, executionStatus);
+                return;
+            }
             // If the model output operands are fully specified, outputShapes must be either
             // either empty, or have the same number of elements as the number of outputs.
             ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, executionStatus);
             ASSERT_TRUE(outputShapes.size() == 0 ||
-                        outputShapes.size() == testModel.outputIndexes.size());
+                        outputShapes.size() == testModel.main.outputIndexes.size());
             break;
         case OutputType::UNSPECIFIED:
+            if (testConfig.executor == Executor::FENCED) {
+                // For Executor::FENCED, the output shape must be fully specified.
+                ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, executionStatus);
+                return;
+            }
             // If the model output operands are not fully specified, outputShapes must have
             // the same number of elements as the number of outputs.
             ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, executionStatus);
-            ASSERT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), testModel.outputIndexes.size());
+            ASSERT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), testModel.main.outputIndexes.size());
             break;
         case OutputType::INSUFFICIENT:
+            if (testConfig.executor == Executor::FENCED) {
+                // For Executor::FENCED, the output shape must be fully specified.
+                ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, executionStatus);
+                return;
+            }
             ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE, executionStatus);
-            ASSERT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), testModel.outputIndexes.size());
+            ASSERT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), testModel.main.outputIndexes.size());
             ASSERT_FALSE(outputShapes[0].isSufficient);
             return;
+        case OutputType::MISSED_DEADLINE:
+            ASSERT_TRUE(executionStatus == ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT ||
+                        executionStatus == ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT)
+                    << "executionStatus = " << executionStatus;
+            return;
     }
 
     // Go through all outputs, check returned output shapes.
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < outputShapes.size(); i++) {
         EXPECT_TRUE(outputShapes[i].isSufficient);
-        const auto& expect = testModel.operands[testModel.outputIndexes[i]].dimensions;
+        const auto& expect = testModel.main.operands[testModel.main.outputIndexes[i]].dimensions;
         const std::vector<uint32_t> actual = outputShapes[i].dimensions;
         EXPECT_EQ(expect, actual);
     }
 
     // Retrieve execution results.
-    const std::vector<TestBuffer> outputs = getOutputBuffers(request);
+    const std::vector<TestBuffer> outputs = context.getOutputBuffers(testModel, request);
 
     // We want "close-enough" results.
     checkResults(testModel, outputs);
 }
 
-void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const TestModel& testModel,
-                           bool testDynamicOutputShape) {
-    if (testDynamicOutputShape) {
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-    } else {
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
+void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                           const TestModel& testModel, TestKind testKind) {
+    std::vector<OutputType> outputTypesList;
+    std::vector<MeasureTiming> measureTimingList;
+    std::vector<Executor> executorList;
+    std::vector<MemoryType> memoryTypeList;
+
+    switch (testKind) {
+        case TestKind::GENERAL: {
+            outputTypesList = {OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED};
+            measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+            executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::BURST};
+            memoryTypeList = {MemoryType::ASHMEM};
+        } break;
+        case TestKind::DYNAMIC_SHAPE: {
+            outputTypesList = {OutputType::UNSPECIFIED, OutputType::INSUFFICIENT};
+            measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+            executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::BURST, Executor::FENCED};
+            memoryTypeList = {MemoryType::ASHMEM};
+        } break;
+        case TestKind::MEMORY_DOMAIN: {
+            outputTypesList = {OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED};
+            measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO};
+            executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::FENCED};
+            memoryTypeList = {MemoryType::BLOB_AHWB, MemoryType::DEVICE};
+        } break;
+        case TestKind::FENCED_COMPUTE: {
+            outputTypesList = {OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED};
+            measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+            executorList = {Executor::FENCED};
+            memoryTypeList = {MemoryType::ASHMEM};
+        } break;
+        case TestKind::QUANTIZATION_COUPLING: {
+            LOG(FATAL) << "Wrong TestKind for EvaluatePreparedModel";
+            return;
+        } break;
+        case TestKind::INTINITE_LOOP_TIMEOUT: {
+            outputTypesList = {OutputType::MISSED_DEADLINE};
+            measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+            // Burst does not support V1_3 loop timeout.
+            executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::FENCED};
+            memoryTypeList = {MemoryType::ASHMEM};
+        } break;
+    }
+
+    for (const OutputType outputType : outputTypesList) {
+        for (const MeasureTiming measureTiming : measureTimingList) {
+            for (const Executor executor : executorList) {
+                for (const MemoryType memoryType : memoryTypeList) {
+                    const TestConfig testConfig(executor, measureTiming, outputType, memoryType);
+                    EvaluatePreparedModel(device, preparedModel, testModel, testConfig);
+                }
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
-void Execute(const sp<IDevice>& device, const TestModel& testModel, bool testDynamicOutputShape) {
+void EvaluatePreparedCoupledModels(const sp<IDevice>& device,
+                                   const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                                   const TestModel& testModel,
+                                   const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedCoupledModel,
+                                   const TestModel& coupledModel) {
+    const std::vector<OutputType> outputTypesList = {OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED};
+    const std::vector<MeasureTiming> measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+    const std::vector<Executor> executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::BURST,
+                                                Executor::FENCED};
+
+    for (const OutputType outputType : outputTypesList) {
+        for (const MeasureTiming measureTiming : measureTimingList) {
+            for (const Executor executor : executorList) {
+                const TestConfig testConfig(executor, measureTiming, outputType, MemoryType::ASHMEM,
+                                            /*reportSkipping=*/false);
+                bool baseSkipped = false;
+                EvaluatePreparedModel(device, preparedModel, testModel, testConfig, &baseSkipped);
+                bool coupledSkipped = false;
+                EvaluatePreparedModel(device, preparedCoupledModel, coupledModel, testConfig,
+                                      &coupledSkipped);
+                ASSERT_EQ(baseSkipped, coupledSkipped);
+                if (baseSkipped) {
+                    LOG(INFO) << "NN VTS: Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
+                                 "execute model that it does not support.";
+                    std::cout << "[          ]   Early termination of test because vendor service "
+                                 "cannot "
+                                 "execute model that it does not support."
+                              << std::endl;
+                    GTEST_SKIP();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void Execute(const sp<IDevice>& device, const TestModel& testModel, TestKind testKind) {
     Model model = createModel(testModel);
-    if (testDynamicOutputShape) {
+    if (testKind == TestKind::DYNAMIC_SHAPE) {
         makeOutputDimensionsUnspecified(&model);
     }
 
     sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel;
-    createPreparedModel(device, model, &preparedModel);
-    if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
-
-    EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, testDynamicOutputShape);
+    switch (testKind) {
+        case TestKind::GENERAL:
+        case TestKind::DYNAMIC_SHAPE:
+        case TestKind::MEMORY_DOMAIN:
+        case TestKind::FENCED_COMPUTE:
+        case TestKind::INTINITE_LOOP_TIMEOUT: {
+            createPreparedModel(device, model, &preparedModel);
+            if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+            EvaluatePreparedModel(device, preparedModel, testModel, testKind);
+        } break;
+        case TestKind::QUANTIZATION_COUPLING: {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(testModel.hasQuant8CoupledOperands());
+            createPreparedModel(device, model, &preparedModel,
+                                /*reportSkipping*/ false);
+            TestModel signedQuantizedModel = convertQuant8AsymmOperandsToSigned(testModel);
+            sp<IPreparedModel> preparedCoupledModel;
+            createPreparedModel(device, createModel(signedQuantizedModel), &preparedCoupledModel,
+                                /*reportSkipping*/ false);
+            // If we couldn't prepare a model with unsigned quantization, we must
+            // fail to prepare a model with signed quantization as well.
+            if (preparedModel == nullptr) {
+                ASSERT_EQ(preparedCoupledModel, nullptr);
+                // If we failed to prepare both of the models, we can safely skip
+                // the test.
+                LOG(INFO) << "NN VTS: Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
+                             "prepare model that it does not support.";
+                std::cout
+                        << "[          ]   Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
+                           "prepare model that it does not support."
+                        << std::endl;
+                GTEST_SKIP();
+            }
+            ASSERT_NE(preparedCoupledModel, nullptr);
+            EvaluatePreparedCoupledModels(device, preparedModel, testModel, preparedCoupledModel,
+                                          signedQuantizedModel);
+        } break;
+    }
 }
 
 void GeneratedTestBase::SetUp() {
@@ -396,6 +916,10 @@
     return TestModelManager::get().getTestModels(filter);
 }
 
+std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterNameFn& filter) {
+    return TestModelManager::get().getTestModels(filter);
+}
+
 std::string printGeneratedTest(const testing::TestParamInfo<GeneratedTestParam>& info) {
     const auto& [namedDevice, namedModel] = info.param;
     return gtestCompliantName(getName(namedDevice) + "_" + getName(namedModel));
@@ -407,18 +931,62 @@
 // Tag for the dynamic output shape tests
 class DynamicOutputShapeTest : public GeneratedTest {};
 
+// Tag for the memory domain tests
+class MemoryDomainTest : public GeneratedTest {};
+
+// Tag for the fenced compute tests
+class FencedComputeTest : public GeneratedTest {};
+
+// Tag for the dynamic output shape tests
+class QuantizationCouplingTest : public GeneratedTest {};
+
+// Tag for the loop timeout tests
+class InfiniteLoopTimeoutTest : public GeneratedTest {};
+
 TEST_P(GeneratedTest, Test) {
-    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, TestKind::GENERAL);
 }
 
 TEST_P(DynamicOutputShapeTest, Test) {
-    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/true);
+    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, TestKind::DYNAMIC_SHAPE);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainTest, Test) {
+    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, TestKind::MEMORY_DOMAIN);
+}
+
+TEST_P(FencedComputeTest, Test) {
+    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, TestKind::FENCED_COMPUTE);
+}
+
+TEST_P(QuantizationCouplingTest, Test) {
+    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, TestKind::QUANTIZATION_COUPLING);
+}
+
+TEST_P(InfiniteLoopTimeoutTest, Test) {
+    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, TestKind::INTINITE_LOOP_TIMEOUT);
 }
 
 INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(GeneratedTest,
                            [](const TestModel& testModel) { return !testModel.expectFailure; });
 
-INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(DynamicOutputShapeTest,
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(DynamicOutputShapeTest, [](const TestModel& testModel) {
+    return !testModel.expectFailure && !testModel.hasScalarOutputs();
+});
+
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(MemoryDomainTest,
                            [](const TestModel& testModel) { return !testModel.expectFailure; });
 
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(FencedComputeTest,
+                           [](const TestModel& testModel) { return !testModel.expectFailure; });
+
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(QuantizationCouplingTest, [](const TestModel& testModel) {
+    return !testModel.expectFailure && testModel.hasQuant8CoupledOperands() &&
+           testModel.main.operations.size() == 1;
+});
+
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(InfiniteLoopTimeoutTest, [](const TestModel& testModel) {
+    return testModel.isInfiniteLoopTimeoutTest();
+});
+
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
index 45cff5b..4f05c48 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@
 using FilterFn = std::function<bool(const test_helper::TestModel&)>;
 std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterFn& filter);
 
+using FilterNameFn = std::function<bool(const std::string&)>;
+std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterNameFn& filter);
+
 std::string printGeneratedTest(const testing::TestParamInfo<GeneratedTestParam>& info);
 
 #define INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(TestSuite, filter)                                     \
@@ -57,8 +60,27 @@
 
 void PrepareModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model, sp<IPreparedModel>* preparedModel);
 
-void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
-                           const test_helper::TestModel& testModel, bool testDynamicOutputShape);
+enum class TestKind {
+    // Runs a test model and compares the results to a golden data
+    GENERAL,
+    // Same as GENERAL but sets dimensions for the output tensors to zeros
+    DYNAMIC_SHAPE,
+    // Same as GENERAL but use device memories for inputs and outputs
+    MEMORY_DOMAIN,
+    // Same as GENERAL but use executeFenced for exeuction
+    FENCED_COMPUTE,
+    // Tests if quantized model with TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM produces the same result
+    // (OK/SKIPPED/FAILED) as the model with all such tensors converted to
+    // TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED.
+    QUANTIZATION_COUPLING,
+    // Runs a test model and verifies that MISSED_DEADLINE_* is returned.
+    INTINITE_LOOP_TIMEOUT
+};
+
+void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                           const test_helper::TestModel& testModel, TestKind testKind);
+
+void waitForSyncFence(int syncFd);
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
 
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/MemoryDomainTests.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/MemoryDomainTests.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c0c885
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/MemoryDomainTests.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1203 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "neuralnetworks_hidl_hal_test"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
+#include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
+#include "MemoryUtils.h"
+#include "TestHarness.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
+#include "VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h"
+
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
+
+using namespace test_helper;
+using implementation::ExecutionCallback;
+using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
+using V1_0::RequestArgument;
+using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
+using V1_2::Constant;
+using V1_2::MeasureTiming;
+using V1_2::OutputShape;
+using V1_2::Timing;
+
+namespace {
+
+const auto kNamedDeviceChoices = testing::ValuesIn(getNamedDevices());
+
+// A 1.3 driver is likely to support at least one of the following operand types.
+const std::vector<TestOperandType> kTestOperandTypeChoicesVector = {
+        TestOperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32,
+        TestOperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16,
+        TestOperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM,
+        TestOperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED,
+};
+const auto kTestOperandTypeChoices = testing::ValuesIn(kTestOperandTypeChoicesVector);
+
+bool isInChoices(TestOperandType type) {
+    return std::count(kTestOperandTypeChoicesVector.begin(), kTestOperandTypeChoicesVector.end(),
+                      type) > 0;
+}
+
+bool isFloat(TestOperandType type) {
+    CHECK(isInChoices(type));
+    return type == TestOperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32 || type == TestOperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16;
+}
+
+// Create dummy buffers for model constants as well as inputs and outputs.
+// We only care about the size here because we will not check accuracy in validation tests.
+void createDummyData(TestModel* testModel) {
+    for (auto& operand : testModel->main.operands) {
+        if (operand.data != nullptr) continue;
+        switch (operand.lifetime) {
+            case TestOperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_INPUT:
+            case TestOperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT:
+            case TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_COPY:
+            case TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_REFERENCE: {
+                const uint32_t size = nn::nonExtensionOperandSizeOfData(
+                        static_cast<OperandType>(operand.type), operand.dimensions);
+                operand.data = TestBuffer(size);
+            } break;
+            default:
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TestOperand createInt32Scalar(int32_t value) {
+    return {
+            .type = TestOperandType::INT32,
+            .dimensions = {},
+            .numberOfConsumers = 1,
+            .scale = 0.0f,
+            .zeroPoint = 0,
+            .lifetime = TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_COPY,
+            .data = TestBuffer::createFromVector<int32_t>({value}),
+    };
+}
+
+// Construct a test model with multiple CONV_2D operations with the given operand as inputs.
+// The dimensions of the filters are chosen to ensure outputs has the same dimensions as inputs.
+// We choose CONV_2D operation because it is commonly supported by most drivers.
+TestModel createConvModel(const TestOperand& operand, uint32_t numOperations) {
+    CHECK(isInChoices(operand.type));
+
+    TestOperand weight = {.type = operand.type,
+                          .dimensions = {operand.dimensions[3], 3, 3, operand.dimensions[3]},
+                          .numberOfConsumers = 1,
+                          .scale = isFloat(operand.type) ? 0.0f : 1.0f,
+                          .zeroPoint = 0,
+                          .lifetime = TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_COPY};
+
+    TestOperand bias = {
+            .type = isFloat(operand.type) ? operand.type : TestOperandType::TENSOR_INT32,
+            .dimensions = {operand.dimensions[3]},
+            .numberOfConsumers = 1,
+            .scale = operand.scale * weight.scale,
+            .zeroPoint = 0,
+            .lifetime = TestOperandLifeTime::CONSTANT_COPY};
+
+    TestOperand output = operand;
+    output.numberOfConsumers = 0;
+    output.lifetime = TestOperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT;
+
+    const std::vector<TestOperand> operands = {
+            operand,
+            std::move(weight),
+            std::move(bias),
+            createInt32Scalar(1),  // same padding
+            createInt32Scalar(1),  // width stride
+            createInt32Scalar(1),  // height stride
+            createInt32Scalar(0),  // activation = NONE
+            std::move(output),
+    };
+
+    TestModel model;
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < numOperations; i++) {
+        model.main.operands.insert(model.main.operands.end(), operands.begin(), operands.end());
+        const uint32_t inputIndex = operands.size() * i;
+        const uint32_t outputIndex = inputIndex + operands.size() - 1;
+        std::vector<uint32_t> inputs(operands.size() - 1);
+        std::iota(inputs.begin(), inputs.end(), inputIndex);
+        model.main.operations.push_back({.type = TestOperationType::CONV_2D,
+                                         .inputs = std::move(inputs),
+                                         .outputs = {outputIndex}});
+        model.main.inputIndexes.push_back(inputIndex);
+        model.main.outputIndexes.push_back(outputIndex);
+    }
+    createDummyData(&model);
+    return model;
+}
+
+// Construct a test model with a single ADD operation with the given operand as input0 and input1.
+// This is to cover additional cases that the CONV_2D model does not support, e.g. arbitrary input
+// operand rank, scalar input operand. We choose ADD operation because it is commonly supported by
+// most drivers.
+TestModel createSingleAddModel(const TestOperand& operand) {
+    CHECK(isInChoices(operand.type));
+
+    TestOperand act = {
+            .type = TestOperandType::INT32,
+            .dimensions = {},
+            .numberOfConsumers = 1,
+            .scale = 0.0f,
+            .zeroPoint = 0,
+            .lifetime = TestOperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_INPUT,
+    };
+
+    TestOperand output = operand;
+    output.numberOfConsumers = 0;
+    output.lifetime = TestOperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT;
+
+    TestModel model = {
+            .main =
+                    {
+                            .operands =
+                                    {
+                                            operand,
+                                            operand,
+                                            std::move(act),
+                                            output,
+                                    },
+                            .operations = {{.type = TestOperationType::ADD,
+                                            .inputs = {0, 1, 2},
+                                            .outputs = {3}}},
+                            .inputIndexes = {0, 1, 2},
+                            .outputIndexes = {3},
+                    },
+    };
+    createDummyData(&model);
+    return model;
+}
+
+// A dummy invalid IPreparedModel class for MemoryDomainAllocateTest.InvalidPreparedModel
+class InvalidPreparedModel : public IPreparedModel {
+  public:
+    Return<V1_0::ErrorStatus> execute(const V1_0::Request&,
+                                      const sp<V1_0::IExecutionCallback>&) override {
+        return V1_0::ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+    }
+    Return<V1_0::ErrorStatus> execute_1_2(const V1_0::Request&, V1_2::MeasureTiming,
+                                          const sp<V1_2::IExecutionCallback>&) override {
+        return V1_0::ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+    }
+    Return<V1_3::ErrorStatus> execute_1_3(const V1_3::Request&, V1_2::MeasureTiming,
+                                          const V1_3::OptionalTimePoint&,
+                                          const V1_3::OptionalTimeoutDuration&,
+                                          const sp<V1_3::IExecutionCallback>&) override {
+        return V1_3::ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+    }
+    Return<void> executeSynchronously(const V1_0::Request&, V1_2::MeasureTiming,
+                                      executeSynchronously_cb) override {
+        return Void();
+    }
+    Return<void> executeSynchronously_1_3(const V1_3::Request&, V1_2::MeasureTiming,
+                                          const V1_3::OptionalTimePoint&,
+                                          const V1_3::OptionalTimeoutDuration&,
+                                          executeSynchronously_1_3_cb) override {
+        return Void();
+    }
+    Return<void> configureExecutionBurst(const sp<V1_2::IBurstCallback>&,
+                                         const MQDescriptorSync<V1_2::FmqRequestDatum>&,
+                                         const MQDescriptorSync<V1_2::FmqResultDatum>&,
+                                         configureExecutionBurst_cb) override {
+        return Void();
+    }
+    Return<void> executeFenced(const V1_3::Request&, const hidl_vec<hidl_handle>&,
+                               V1_2::MeasureTiming, const V1_3::OptionalTimePoint&,
+                               const V1_3::OptionalTimeoutDuration&,
+                               const V1_3::OptionalTimeoutDuration&, executeFenced_cb) override {
+        return Void();
+    }
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+class MemoryDomainTestBase : public testing::Test {
+  protected:
+    MemoryDomainTestBase(sp<IDevice> device, TestOperandType type)
+        : kDevice(std::move(device)),
+          kTestOperandType(type),
+          kTestOperand(kTestOperandMap.at(type)),
+          kTestOperandDataSize(nn::nonExtensionOperandSizeOfData(static_cast<OperandType>(type),
+                                                                 kTestOperand.dimensions)) {}
+
+    void SetUp() override {
+        testing::Test::SetUp();
+        ASSERT_NE(kDevice, nullptr);
+    }
+
+    sp<IPreparedModel> createConvPreparedModel(const TestOperand& testOperand,
+                                               uint32_t numOperations = 1) {
+        const TestModel testModel = createConvModel(testOperand, numOperations);
+        const Model model = createModel(testModel);
+        sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel;
+        createPreparedModel(kDevice, model, &preparedModel, /*reportSkipping=*/false);
+        return preparedModel;
+    }
+
+    sp<IPreparedModel> createAddPreparedModel(const TestOperand& testOperand) {
+        const TestModel testModel = createSingleAddModel(testOperand);
+        const Model model = createModel(testModel);
+        sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel;
+        createPreparedModel(kDevice, model, &preparedModel, /*reportSkipping=*/false);
+        return preparedModel;
+    }
+
+    static const std::map<TestOperandType, TestOperand> kTestOperandMap;
+
+    const sp<IDevice> kDevice;
+    const TestOperandType kTestOperandType;
+    const TestOperand& kTestOperand;
+    const uint32_t kTestOperandDataSize;
+};
+
+const std::map<TestOperandType, TestOperand> MemoryDomainTestBase::kTestOperandMap = {
+        {TestOperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32,
+         {
+                 .type = TestOperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32,
+                 .dimensions = {1, 32, 32, 8},
+                 .numberOfConsumers = 1,
+                 .scale = 0.0f,
+                 .zeroPoint = 0,
+                 .lifetime = TestOperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_INPUT,
+         }},
+        {TestOperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16,
+         {
+                 .type = TestOperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16,
+                 .dimensions = {1, 32, 32, 8},
+                 .numberOfConsumers = 1,
+                 .scale = 0.0f,
+                 .zeroPoint = 0,
+                 .lifetime = TestOperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_INPUT,
+         }},
+        {TestOperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM,
+         {
+                 .type = TestOperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM,
+                 .dimensions = {1, 32, 32, 8},
+                 .numberOfConsumers = 1,
+                 .scale = 0.5f,
+                 .zeroPoint = 0,
+                 .lifetime = TestOperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_INPUT,
+         }},
+        {TestOperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED,
+         {
+                 .type = TestOperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED,
+                 .dimensions = {1, 32, 32, 8},
+                 .numberOfConsumers = 1,
+                 .scale = 0.5f,
+                 .zeroPoint = 0,
+                 .lifetime = TestOperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_INPUT,
+         }},
+};
+
+using MemoryDomainAllocateTestParam = std::tuple<NamedDevice, TestOperandType>;
+class MemoryDomainAllocateTest : public MemoryDomainTestBase,
+                                 public testing::WithParamInterface<MemoryDomainAllocateTestParam> {
+  protected:
+    MemoryDomainAllocateTest()
+        : MemoryDomainTestBase(getData(std::get<NamedDevice>(GetParam())),
+                               std::get<TestOperandType>(GetParam())) {}
+
+    struct AllocateTestArgs {
+        hidl_vec<uint32_t> dimensions;
+        hidl_vec<sp<IPreparedModel>> preparedModels;
+        hidl_vec<BufferRole> inputRoles;
+        hidl_vec<BufferRole> outputRoles;
+    };
+
+    // Validation test for IDevice::allocate. The driver is expected to fail with INVALID_ARGUMENT,
+    // or GENERAL_FAILURE if memory domain is not supported.
+    void validateAllocate(AllocateTestArgs args) {
+        const auto ret = kDevice->allocate(
+                {.dimensions = std::move(args.dimensions)}, std::move(args.preparedModels),
+                std::move(args.inputRoles), std::move(args.outputRoles),
+                [](ErrorStatus status, const sp<IBuffer>& buffer, uint32_t token) {
+                    EXPECT_TRUE(status == ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT ||
+                                status == ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE);
+                    EXPECT_EQ(buffer, nullptr);
+                    EXPECT_EQ(token, 0);
+                });
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+
+    void testConflictOperands(const sp<IPreparedModel>& model1, const sp<IPreparedModel>& model2) {
+        validateAllocate({
+                .preparedModels = {model1, model2},
+                .inputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f},
+                               {.modelIndex = 1, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+        });
+        validateAllocate({
+                .preparedModels = {model1, model2},
+                .inputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+                .outputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 1, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+        });
+        validateAllocate({
+                .preparedModels = {model1, model2},
+                .outputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f},
+                                {.modelIndex = 1, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+        });
+    }
+};
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, EmptyRole) {
+    // Test with empty prepared models and roles.
+    validateAllocate({});
+
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+
+    // Test again with non-empty prepared models but empty roles.
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+    });
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, NullptrPreparedModel) {
+    // Test with nullptr prepared model as input role.
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {nullptr},
+            .inputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+
+    // Test with nullptr prepared model as output role.
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {nullptr},
+            .outputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, InvalidPreparedModel) {
+    sp<InvalidPreparedModel> invalidPreparedModel = new InvalidPreparedModel();
+
+    // Test with invalid prepared model as input role.
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {invalidPreparedModel},
+            .inputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+
+    // Test with invalid prepared model as output role.
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {invalidPreparedModel},
+            .outputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, InvalidModelIndex) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+
+    // This should fail, because the model index is out of bound.
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+            .inputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 1, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+
+    // This should fail, because the model index is out of bound.
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+            .outputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 1, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, InvalidIOIndex) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+
+    // This should fail, because the model only has one input.
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+            .inputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 1, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+
+    // This should fail, because the model only has one output.
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+            .outputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 1, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, InvalidFrequency) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+
+    for (float invalidFreq : {10.0f, 0.0f, -0.5f}) {
+        // Test with invalid frequency for input roles.
+        validateAllocate({
+                .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+                .inputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = invalidFreq}},
+        });
+        // Test with invalid frequency for output roles.
+        validateAllocate({
+                .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+                .outputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = invalidFreq}},
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, SameRoleSpecifiedTwice) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+
+    // Same role with same model index.
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+            .inputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f},
+                           {.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+            .outputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f},
+                            {.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+
+    // Different model indexes, but logically referring to the same role.
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel, preparedModel},
+            .inputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f},
+                           {.modelIndex = 1, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+    validateAllocate({
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel, preparedModel},
+            .outputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f},
+                            {.modelIndex = 1, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, ConflictOperandType) {
+    const std::map<TestOperandType, TestOperandType> conflictTypeMap = {
+            {TestOperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32, TestOperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16},
+            {TestOperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16, TestOperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
+            {TestOperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM, TestOperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+            {TestOperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED, TestOperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+    };
+
+    TestOperand conflictTestOperand = kTestOperand;
+    const auto it = conflictTypeMap.find(kTestOperandType);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(it == conflictTypeMap.end());
+    conflictTestOperand.type = it->second;
+
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    auto conflictPreparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(conflictTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr || conflictPreparedModel == nullptr) return;
+    testConflictOperands(preparedModel, conflictPreparedModel);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, ConflictScale) {
+    if (isFloat(kTestOperandType)) return;
+
+    TestOperand conflictTestOperand = kTestOperand;
+    ASSERT_NE(conflictTestOperand.scale, 1.0f);
+    conflictTestOperand.scale = 1.0f;
+
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    auto conflictPreparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(conflictTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr || conflictPreparedModel == nullptr) return;
+    testConflictOperands(preparedModel, conflictPreparedModel);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, ConflictZeroPoint) {
+    if (isFloat(kTestOperandType)) return;
+
+    TestOperand conflictTestOperand = kTestOperand;
+    ASSERT_NE(conflictTestOperand.zeroPoint, 10);
+    conflictTestOperand.zeroPoint = 10;
+
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    auto conflictPreparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(conflictTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr || conflictPreparedModel == nullptr) return;
+    testConflictOperands(preparedModel, conflictPreparedModel);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, ConflictRankBetweenRoles) {
+    TestOperand conflictTestOperand = kTestOperand;
+    conflictTestOperand.dimensions.pop_back();
+
+    auto preparedModel = createAddPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    auto conflictPreparedModel = createAddPreparedModel(conflictTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr || conflictPreparedModel == nullptr) return;
+    testConflictOperands(preparedModel, conflictPreparedModel);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, ConflictDimensionsBetweenRoles) {
+    TestOperand conflictTestOperand = kTestOperand;
+    conflictTestOperand.dimensions[0] = 4;
+
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    auto conflictPreparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(conflictTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr || conflictPreparedModel == nullptr) return;
+    testConflictOperands(preparedModel, conflictPreparedModel);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, ConflictRankBetweenRoleAndDesc) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+
+    auto badDimensions = kTestOperand.dimensions;
+    badDimensions.pop_back();
+
+    validateAllocate({
+            .dimensions = badDimensions,
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+            .inputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+    validateAllocate({
+            .dimensions = badDimensions,
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+            .outputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, ConflictDimensionsBetweenRoleAndDesc) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+
+    auto badDimensions = kTestOperand.dimensions;
+    badDimensions[0] = 4;
+
+    validateAllocate({
+            .dimensions = badDimensions,
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+            .inputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+    validateAllocate({
+            .dimensions = badDimensions,
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+            .outputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 0, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainAllocateTest, ConflictRankWithScalarRole) {
+    auto preparedModel = createAddPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+
+    // This should fail, because the target operand is a scalar but a non-empty dimension is
+    // specified.
+    validateAllocate({
+            .dimensions = {1},
+            .preparedModels = {preparedModel},
+            .inputRoles = {{.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = 2, .frequency = 1.0f}},
+    });
+}
+
+std::string printMemoryDomainAllocateTest(
+        const testing::TestParamInfo<MemoryDomainAllocateTestParam>& info) {
+    const auto& [namedDevice, operandType] = info.param;
+    const std::string type = toString(static_cast<OperandType>(operandType));
+    return gtestCompliantName(getName(namedDevice) + "_" + type);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(TestMemoryDomain, MemoryDomainAllocateTest,
+                        testing::Combine(kNamedDeviceChoices, kTestOperandTypeChoices),
+                        printMemoryDomainAllocateTest);
+
+class MemoryDomainCopyTestBase : public MemoryDomainTestBase {
+  protected:
+    MemoryDomainCopyTestBase(sp<IDevice> device, TestOperandType type)
+        : MemoryDomainTestBase(std::move(device), type) {}
+
+    // Allocates device memory for roles of a single prepared model.
+    // Returns {IBuffer, token} if success; returns {nullptr, 0} if not supported.
+    std::pair<sp<IBuffer>, uint32_t> allocateBuffer(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                                                    const std::vector<uint32_t>& inputIndexes,
+                                                    const std::vector<uint32_t>& outputIndexes,
+                                                    const std::vector<uint32_t>& dimensions) {
+        if (preparedModel == nullptr) {
+            return {nullptr, 0};
+        }
+
+        hidl_vec<BufferRole> inputRoles(inputIndexes.size()), outputRoles(outputIndexes.size());
+        auto trans = [](uint32_t ind) -> BufferRole {
+            return {.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = ind, .frequency = 1.0f};
+        };
+        std::transform(inputIndexes.begin(), inputIndexes.end(), inputRoles.begin(), trans);
+        std::transform(outputIndexes.begin(), outputIndexes.end(), outputRoles.begin(), trans);
+
+        sp<IBuffer> buffer;
+        uint32_t token = 0;
+        const auto ret = kDevice->allocate(
+                {.dimensions = dimensions}, {preparedModel}, std::move(inputRoles),
+                std::move(outputRoles),
+                [&buffer, &token](ErrorStatus err, const sp<IBuffer>& buf, uint32_t tok) {
+                    if (err == ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+                        EXPECT_NE(buf, nullptr);
+                        EXPECT_GT(tok, 0);
+                        buffer = buf;
+                        token = tok;
+                    } else {
+                        EXPECT_EQ(err, ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE);
+                        EXPECT_EQ(buf, nullptr);
+                        EXPECT_EQ(tok, 0);
+                    }
+                });
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        return {std::move(buffer), token};
+    }
+
+    std::pair<sp<IBuffer>, uint32_t> allocateBuffer(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                                                    const std::vector<uint32_t>& inputIndexes,
+                                                    const std::vector<uint32_t>& outputIndexes) {
+        return allocateBuffer(preparedModel, inputIndexes, outputIndexes, {});
+    }
+
+    hidl_memory allocateSharedMemory(uint32_t size) {
+        hidl_memory memory = nn::allocateSharedMemory(size);
+        EXPECT_EQ(memory.size(), size);
+        return memory;
+    }
+
+    void testCopyFrom(const sp<IBuffer>& buffer, const hidl_memory& memory,
+                      const std::vector<uint32_t>& dimensions, ErrorStatus expectedStatus) {
+        const auto ret = buffer->copyFrom(memory, dimensions);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(ret), expectedStatus);
+    }
+
+    void testCopyTo(const sp<IBuffer>& buffer, const hidl_memory& memory,
+                    ErrorStatus expectedStatus) {
+        const auto ret = buffer->copyTo(memory);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(ret), expectedStatus);
+    }
+
+    void initializeDeviceMemory(const sp<IBuffer>& buffer) {
+        hidl_memory memory = nn::allocateSharedMemory(kTestOperandDataSize);
+        ASSERT_EQ(memory.size(), kTestOperandDataSize);
+        testCopyFrom(buffer, memory, kTestOperand.dimensions, ErrorStatus::NONE);
+    }
+};
+
+using MemoryDomainCopyTestParam = std::tuple<NamedDevice, TestOperandType>;
+class MemoryDomainCopyTest : public MemoryDomainCopyTestBase,
+                             public testing::WithParamInterface<MemoryDomainCopyTestParam> {
+  protected:
+    MemoryDomainCopyTest()
+        : MemoryDomainCopyTestBase(getData(std::get<NamedDevice>(GetParam())),
+                                   std::get<TestOperandType>(GetParam())) {}
+};
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainCopyTest, CopyFrom_InvalidMemorySize) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    auto [buffer, token] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0}, {0});
+    if (buffer == nullptr) return;
+
+    uint32_t badMemorySize1 = kTestOperandDataSize / 2, badMemorySize2 = kTestOperandDataSize * 2;
+    hidl_memory badMemory1 = allocateSharedMemory(badMemorySize1);
+    hidl_memory badMemory2 = allocateSharedMemory(badMemorySize2);
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, badMemory1, {}, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, badMemory2, {}, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainCopyTest, CopyFrom_InvalidMemorySize_DynamicShape) {
+    TestOperand testOperand = kTestOperand;
+    testOperand.dimensions[0] = 0;
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(testOperand);
+    auto [buffer, token] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0}, {0});
+    if (buffer == nullptr) return;
+
+    uint32_t badMemorySize1 = kTestOperandDataSize / 2, badMemorySize2 = kTestOperandDataSize * 2;
+    hidl_memory badMemory1 = allocateSharedMemory(badMemorySize1);
+    hidl_memory badMemory2 = allocateSharedMemory(badMemorySize2);
+    hidl_memory goodMemory = allocateSharedMemory(kTestOperandDataSize);
+
+    auto badDimensions = kTestOperand.dimensions;
+    badDimensions[0] = 2;
+
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, badMemory1, kTestOperand.dimensions, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, badMemory2, kTestOperand.dimensions, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, goodMemory, kTestOperand.dimensions, ErrorStatus::NONE);
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, goodMemory, badDimensions, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainCopyTest, CopyFrom_InvalidDimensions) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    auto [buffer, token] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0}, {0});
+    if (buffer == nullptr) return;
+
+    hidl_memory memory = allocateSharedMemory(kTestOperandDataSize);
+
+    std::vector<uint32_t> badDimensions;
+    badDimensions = kTestOperand.dimensions;
+    badDimensions.pop_back();
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, memory, badDimensions, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+    badDimensions = kTestOperand.dimensions;
+    badDimensions[0] = 2;
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, memory, badDimensions, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+    badDimensions = kTestOperand.dimensions;
+    badDimensions[0] = 0;
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, memory, badDimensions, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, memory, {}, ErrorStatus::NONE);
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, memory, kTestOperand.dimensions, ErrorStatus::NONE);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainCopyTest, CopyFrom_InvalidDimensions_DynamicShape) {
+    TestOperand testOperand = kTestOperand;
+    testOperand.dimensions[0] = 0;
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(testOperand);
+    auto [buffer, token] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0}, {0});
+    if (buffer == nullptr) return;
+
+    hidl_memory memory = allocateSharedMemory(kTestOperandDataSize);
+
+    std::vector<uint32_t> badDimensions;
+    badDimensions = kTestOperand.dimensions;
+    badDimensions.pop_back();
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, memory, badDimensions, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+    badDimensions = kTestOperand.dimensions;
+    badDimensions[0] = 2;
+    badDimensions[3] = 4;
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, memory, badDimensions, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+    badDimensions = kTestOperand.dimensions;
+    badDimensions[0] = 1;
+    badDimensions[3] = 0;
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, memory, badDimensions, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, memory, {}, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    testCopyFrom(buffer, memory, kTestOperand.dimensions, ErrorStatus::NONE);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainCopyTest, CopyTo_UninitializedMemory) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    auto [buffer, token] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0}, {0});
+    if (buffer == nullptr) return;
+
+    hidl_memory memory = allocateSharedMemory(kTestOperandDataSize);
+    testCopyTo(buffer, memory, ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainCopyTest, CopyTo_InvalidMemorySize) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    auto [buffer, token] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0}, {0});
+    if (buffer == nullptr) return;
+
+    uint32_t badMemorySize1 = kTestOperandDataSize / 2, badMemorySize2 = kTestOperandDataSize * 2;
+    hidl_memory badMemory1 = allocateSharedMemory(badMemorySize1);
+    hidl_memory badMemory2 = allocateSharedMemory(badMemorySize2);
+    hidl_memory goodMemory = allocateSharedMemory(kTestOperandDataSize);
+
+    initializeDeviceMemory(buffer);
+    testCopyTo(buffer, badMemory1, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    testCopyTo(buffer, badMemory2, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    testCopyTo(buffer, goodMemory, ErrorStatus::NONE);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainCopyTest, CopyTo_InvalidMemorySize_DynamicShape) {
+    TestOperand testOperand = kTestOperand;
+    testOperand.dimensions[0] = 0;
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(testOperand);
+    auto [buffer, token] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0}, {0});
+    if (buffer == nullptr) return;
+
+    uint32_t badMemorySize1 = kTestOperandDataSize / 2, badMemorySize2 = kTestOperandDataSize * 2;
+    hidl_memory badMemory1 = allocateSharedMemory(badMemorySize1);
+    hidl_memory badMemory2 = allocateSharedMemory(badMemorySize2);
+    hidl_memory goodMemory = allocateSharedMemory(kTestOperandDataSize);
+
+    initializeDeviceMemory(buffer);
+    testCopyTo(buffer, badMemory1, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    testCopyTo(buffer, badMemory2, ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    testCopyTo(buffer, goodMemory, ErrorStatus::NONE);
+}
+
+std::string printMemoryDomainCopyTest(
+        const testing::TestParamInfo<MemoryDomainCopyTestParam>& info) {
+    const auto& [namedDevice, operandType] = info.param;
+    const std::string type = toString(static_cast<OperandType>(operandType));
+    return gtestCompliantName(getName(namedDevice) + "_" + type);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(TestMemoryDomain, MemoryDomainCopyTest,
+                        testing::Combine(kNamedDeviceChoices, kTestOperandTypeChoices),
+                        printMemoryDomainCopyTest);
+
+using MemoryDomainExecutionTestParam = std::tuple<NamedDevice, TestOperandType, Executor>;
+class MemoryDomainExecutionTest
+    : public MemoryDomainCopyTestBase,
+      public testing::WithParamInterface<MemoryDomainExecutionTestParam> {
+  protected:
+    MemoryDomainExecutionTest()
+        : MemoryDomainCopyTestBase(getData(std::get<NamedDevice>(GetParam())),
+                                   std::get<TestOperandType>(GetParam())) {}
+
+    Request::MemoryPool createSharedMemoryPool(uint32_t size) {
+        hidl_memory memory = allocateSharedMemory(size);
+        Request::MemoryPool pool;
+        pool.hidlMemory(memory);
+        return pool;
+    }
+
+    Request::MemoryPool createDeviceMemoryPool(uint32_t token) {
+        Request::MemoryPool pool;
+        pool.token(token);
+        return pool;
+    }
+
+    void testExecution(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request,
+                       ErrorStatus expectedStatus) {
+        switch (kExecutor) {
+            case Executor::ASYNC:
+                EXPECT_EQ(executeAsync(preparedModel, request), expectedStatus);
+                break;
+            case Executor::SYNC:
+                EXPECT_EQ(executeSync(preparedModel, request), expectedStatus);
+                break;
+            case Executor::FENCED:
+                EXPECT_EQ(executeFenced(preparedModel, request), expectedStatus);
+                break;
+            default:
+                ASSERT_TRUE(false);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ErrorStatus executeAsync(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request) {
+        ErrorStatus executionStatus;
+
+        // launch execution
+        sp<ExecutionCallback> executionCallback = new ExecutionCallback();
+        const auto ret =
+                preparedModel->execute_1_3(request, MeasureTiming::NO, {}, {}, executionCallback);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        executionStatus = static_cast<ErrorStatus>(ret);
+
+        // retrieve execution status
+        executionCallback->wait();
+        if (executionStatus == ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+            executionStatus = executionCallback->getStatus();
+        } else {
+            EXPECT_EQ(executionStatus, executionCallback->getStatus());
+        }
+        const auto timing = executionCallback->getTiming();
+        EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeOnDevice);
+        EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeInDriver);
+        if (executionStatus != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(executionCallback->getOutputShapes().size(), 0);
+        }
+        return executionStatus;
+    }
+
+    ErrorStatus executeSync(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request) {
+        ErrorStatus executionStatus;
+        const auto ret = preparedModel->executeSynchronously_1_3(
+                request, MeasureTiming::NO, {}, {},
+                [&executionStatus](ErrorStatus error, const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& shapes,
+                                   const Timing& time) {
+                    executionStatus = error;
+                    EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, time.timeOnDevice);
+                    EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, time.timeInDriver);
+                    if (executionStatus != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+                        EXPECT_EQ(shapes.size(), 0);
+                    }
+                });
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        return executionStatus;
+    }
+
+    ErrorStatus executeFenced(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request) {
+        ErrorStatus executionStatus;
+        hidl_handle syncFenceHandle;
+        sp<IFencedExecutionCallback> fencedCallback;
+        const auto callbackFunc = [&executionStatus, &syncFenceHandle, &fencedCallback](
+                                          ErrorStatus error, const hidl_handle& handle,
+                                          const sp<IFencedExecutionCallback>& callback) {
+            executionStatus = error;
+            syncFenceHandle = handle;
+            fencedCallback = callback;
+        };
+        Return<void> ret = preparedModel->executeFenced(request, {}, MeasureTiming::NO, {}, {}, {},
+                                                        callbackFunc);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        if (executionStatus != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(syncFenceHandle.getNativeHandle(), nullptr);
+            EXPECT_EQ(fencedCallback, nullptr);
+            return executionStatus;
+        }
+        if (syncFenceHandle.getNativeHandle()) {
+            waitForSyncFence(syncFenceHandle.getNativeHandle()->data[0]);
+        }
+        EXPECT_NE(fencedCallback, nullptr);
+        ret = fencedCallback->getExecutionInfo(
+                [&executionStatus](ErrorStatus error, Timing t, Timing) {
+                    executionStatus = error;
+                    EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, t.timeOnDevice);
+                    EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, t.timeInDriver);
+                });
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        return executionStatus;
+    }
+
+    const Executor kExecutor = std::get<Executor>(GetParam());
+};
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainExecutionTest, InvalidToken) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+
+    Request::MemoryPool sharedMemory = createSharedMemoryPool(kTestOperandDataSize);
+    Request::MemoryPool badDeviceMemory1 = createDeviceMemoryPool(0);    // Invalid token.
+    Request::MemoryPool badDeviceMemory2 = createDeviceMemoryPool(100);  // Unknown token.
+    RequestArgument sharedMemoryArg = {
+            .location = {.poolIndex = 0, .offset = 0, .length = kTestOperandDataSize}};
+    RequestArgument deviceMemoryArg = {.location = {.poolIndex = 1}};
+
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, badDeviceMemory1}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, badDeviceMemory2}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, badDeviceMemory1}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, badDeviceMemory2}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainExecutionTest, InvalidPreparedModel) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    auto [buffer, token] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0}, {0});
+    if (buffer == nullptr) return;
+    auto badPreparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    if (badPreparedModel == nullptr) return;
+
+    Request::MemoryPool sharedMemory = createSharedMemoryPool(kTestOperandDataSize);
+    Request::MemoryPool deviceMemory = createDeviceMemoryPool(token);
+    RequestArgument sharedMemoryArg = {
+            .location = {.poolIndex = 0, .offset = 0, .length = kTestOperandDataSize}};
+    RequestArgument deviceMemoryArg = {.location = {.poolIndex = 1}};
+
+    // This should fail, because the buffer is not allocated for badPreparedModel.
+    initializeDeviceMemory(buffer);
+    testExecution(badPreparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+    testExecution(badPreparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainExecutionTest, InvalidIOIndex) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand, 2);
+    auto [buffer, token] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0}, {});
+    if (buffer == nullptr) return;
+
+    Request::MemoryPool sharedMemory1 = createSharedMemoryPool(kTestOperandDataSize);
+    Request::MemoryPool sharedMemory2 = createSharedMemoryPool(kTestOperandDataSize);
+    Request::MemoryPool sharedMemory3 = createSharedMemoryPool(kTestOperandDataSize);
+    Request::MemoryPool deviceMemory = createDeviceMemoryPool(token);
+    RequestArgument sharedMemoryArg1 = {
+            .location = {.poolIndex = 0, .offset = 0, .length = kTestOperandDataSize}};
+    RequestArgument sharedMemoryArg2 = {
+            .location = {.poolIndex = 1, .offset = 0, .length = kTestOperandDataSize}};
+    RequestArgument sharedMemoryArg3 = {
+            .location = {.poolIndex = 2, .offset = 0, .length = kTestOperandDataSize}};
+    RequestArgument deviceMemoryArg = {.location = {.poolIndex = 3}};
+
+    // This should fail, because the device memory is not allocated for input 1.
+    initializeDeviceMemory(buffer);
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {sharedMemoryArg1, deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {sharedMemoryArg2, sharedMemoryArg3},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory1, sharedMemory2, sharedMemory3, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+    // This should fail, because the device memory is not allocated for output 1.
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {sharedMemoryArg1, sharedMemoryArg2},
+                   .outputs = {sharedMemoryArg3, deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory1, sharedMemory2, sharedMemory3, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainExecutionTest, InvalidIOType) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    auto [inputBuffer, inputToken] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0}, {});
+    auto [outputBuffer, outputToken] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {}, {0});
+    if (inputBuffer == nullptr || outputBuffer == nullptr) return;
+
+    Request::MemoryPool sharedMemory = createSharedMemoryPool(kTestOperandDataSize);
+    Request::MemoryPool deviceMemory = createDeviceMemoryPool(inputToken);
+    RequestArgument sharedMemoryArg = {
+            .location = {.poolIndex = 0, .offset = 0, .length = kTestOperandDataSize}};
+    RequestArgument deviceMemoryArg = {.location = {.poolIndex = 1}};
+
+    // This should fail, because the device memory is allocated for input but used as output.
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+    // This should fail, because the device memory is allocated for output but used as input.
+    deviceMemory.token(outputToken);
+    initializeDeviceMemory(outputBuffer);
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainExecutionTest, UninitializedMemory) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand);
+    auto [buffer, token] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0}, {0});
+    if (buffer == nullptr) return;
+
+    Request::MemoryPool sharedMemory = createSharedMemoryPool(kTestOperandDataSize);
+    Request::MemoryPool deviceMemory = createDeviceMemoryPool(token);
+    RequestArgument sharedMemoryArg = {
+            .location = {.poolIndex = 0, .offset = 0, .length = kTestOperandDataSize}};
+    RequestArgument deviceMemoryArg = {.location = {.poolIndex = 1}};
+
+    // This should fail, because the device memory is not initialized.
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE);
+
+    // This should initialize the device memory.
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::NONE);
+
+    // Test again with initialized device memory.
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::NONE);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainExecutionTest, SameRequestMultipleRoles) {
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(kTestOperand, 2);
+    auto [buffer, token] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0, 1}, {0, 1});
+    if (buffer == nullptr) return;
+
+    Request::MemoryPool sharedMemory1 = createSharedMemoryPool(kTestOperandDataSize);
+    Request::MemoryPool sharedMemory2 = createSharedMemoryPool(kTestOperandDataSize);
+    Request::MemoryPool deviceMemory = createDeviceMemoryPool(token);
+    RequestArgument sharedMemoryArg1 = {
+            .location = {.poolIndex = 0, .offset = 0, .length = kTestOperandDataSize}};
+    RequestArgument sharedMemoryArg2 = {
+            .location = {.poolIndex = 1, .offset = 0, .length = kTestOperandDataSize}};
+    RequestArgument deviceMemoryArg = {.location = {.poolIndex = 2}};
+
+    // This should fail, because the same device memory cannot be used for both input and output.
+    initializeDeviceMemory(buffer);
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {deviceMemoryArg, sharedMemoryArg1},
+                   .outputs = {deviceMemoryArg, sharedMemoryArg2},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory1, sharedMemory2, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+    // This should fail, because the same device memory cannot be used for multiple outputs.
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {sharedMemoryArg1, sharedMemoryArg2},
+                   .outputs = {deviceMemoryArg, deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory1, sharedMemory2, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+    // The same device memory can be used for multiple inputs.
+    initializeDeviceMemory(buffer);
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {deviceMemoryArg, deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {sharedMemoryArg1, sharedMemoryArg2},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory1, sharedMemory2, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::NONE);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainExecutionTest, InvalidDimensions) {
+    // FENCED execution does not support dynamic shape.
+    if (kExecutor == Executor::FENCED) return;
+
+    TestOperand testOperand = kTestOperand;
+    testOperand.dimensions[0] = 0;
+    auto preparedModel = createConvPreparedModel(testOperand);
+    auto [buffer, token] = allocateBuffer(preparedModel, {0}, {0}, kTestOperand.dimensions);
+    if (buffer == nullptr) return;
+
+    Request::MemoryPool sharedMemory = createSharedMemoryPool(kTestOperandDataSize);
+    Request::MemoryPool deviceMemory = createDeviceMemoryPool(token);
+    auto badDimensions = kTestOperand.dimensions;
+    badDimensions[0] = 2;
+    RequestArgument sharedMemoryArg = {
+            .location = {.poolIndex = 0, .offset = 0, .length = kTestOperandDataSize},
+            .dimensions = badDimensions};
+    RequestArgument deviceMemoryArg = {.location = {.poolIndex = 1}};
+    RequestArgument deviceMemoryArgWithBadDimensions = {.location = {.poolIndex = 1},
+                                                        .dimensions = badDimensions};
+
+    initializeDeviceMemory(buffer);
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {deviceMemoryArgWithBadDimensions},
+                   .outputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {deviceMemoryArgWithBadDimensions},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT);
+
+    testExecution(preparedModel,
+                  {.inputs = {sharedMemoryArg},
+                   .outputs = {deviceMemoryArg},
+                   .pools = {sharedMemory, deviceMemory}},
+                  ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE);
+}
+
+const auto kExecutorChoices = testing::Values(Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::FENCED);
+
+std::string printMemoryDomainExecutionTest(
+        const testing::TestParamInfo<MemoryDomainExecutionTestParam>& info) {
+    const auto& [namedDevice, operandType, executor] = info.param;
+    const std::string type = toString(static_cast<OperandType>(operandType));
+    const std::string executorStr = toString(executor);
+    return gtestCompliantName(getName(namedDevice) + "_" + type + "_" + executorStr);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(TestMemoryDomain, MemoryDomainExecutionTest,
+                        testing::Combine(kNamedDeviceChoices, kTestOperandTypeChoices,
+                                         kExecutorChoices),
+                        printMemoryDomainExecutionTest);
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/QualityOfServiceTests.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/QualityOfServiceTests.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ef1e8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/QualityOfServiceTests.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "1.0/Utils.h"
+#include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
+#include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
+
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
+
+using implementation::ExecutionCallback;
+using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
+using test_helper::TestBuffer;
+using test_helper::TestModel;
+using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
+using V1_2::MeasureTiming;
+using V1_2::OutputShape;
+using V1_2::Timing;
+
+using HidlToken =
+        hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(V1_2::Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
+
+enum class DeadlineBoundType { NOW, UNLIMITED, SHORT };
+constexpr std::array<DeadlineBoundType, 3> deadlineBounds = {
+        DeadlineBoundType::NOW, DeadlineBoundType::UNLIMITED, DeadlineBoundType::SHORT};
+std::string toString(DeadlineBoundType type) {
+    switch (type) {
+        case DeadlineBoundType::NOW:
+            return "NOW";
+        case DeadlineBoundType::UNLIMITED:
+            return "UNLIMITED";
+        case DeadlineBoundType::SHORT:
+            return "SHORT";
+    }
+    LOG(FATAL) << "Unrecognized DeadlineBoundType: " << static_cast<int>(type);
+    return {};
+}
+
+constexpr auto kShortDuration = std::chrono::milliseconds{5};
+
+using Results = std::tuple<ErrorStatus, hidl_vec<OutputShape>, Timing>;
+using MaybeResults = std::optional<Results>;
+
+using ExecutionFunction =
+        std::function<MaybeResults(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request,
+                                   const OptionalTimePoint& deadline)>;
+
+static OptionalTimePoint makeDeadline(DeadlineBoundType deadlineBoundType) {
+    const auto getNanosecondsSinceEpoch = [](const auto& time) -> uint64_t {
+        const auto timeSinceEpoch = time.time_since_epoch();
+        return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(timeSinceEpoch).count();
+    };
+
+    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point timePoint;
+    switch (deadlineBoundType) {
+        case DeadlineBoundType::NOW:
+            timePoint = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+            break;
+        case DeadlineBoundType::UNLIMITED:
+            timePoint = std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point::max();
+            break;
+        case DeadlineBoundType::SHORT:
+            timePoint = std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + kShortDuration;
+            break;
+    }
+
+    OptionalTimePoint deadline;
+    deadline.nanosecondsSinceEpoch(getNanosecondsSinceEpoch(timePoint));
+    return deadline;
+}
+
+void runPrepareModelTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model, Priority priority,
+                         std::optional<DeadlineBoundType> deadlineBound) {
+    OptionalTimePoint deadline;
+    if (deadlineBound.has_value()) {
+        deadline = makeDeadline(deadlineBound.value());
+    }
+
+    // see if service can handle model
+    bool fullySupportsModel = false;
+    const Return<void> supportedCall = device->getSupportedOperations_1_3(
+            model, [&fullySupportsModel](ErrorStatus status, const hidl_vec<bool>& supported) {
+                ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
+                ASSERT_NE(0ul, supported.size());
+                fullySupportsModel = std::all_of(supported.begin(), supported.end(),
+                                                 [](bool valid) { return valid; });
+            });
+    ASSERT_TRUE(supportedCall.isOk());
+
+    // launch prepare model
+    const sp<PreparedModelCallback> preparedModelCallback = new PreparedModelCallback();
+    const Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus = device->prepareModel_1_3(
+            model, ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER, priority, deadline,
+            hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), HidlToken(), preparedModelCallback);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(prepareLaunchStatus.isOk());
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(prepareLaunchStatus));
+
+    // retrieve prepared model
+    preparedModelCallback->wait();
+    const ErrorStatus prepareReturnStatus = preparedModelCallback->getStatus();
+    const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> preparedModelV1_0 = preparedModelCallback->getPreparedModel();
+    const sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel =
+            IPreparedModel::castFrom(preparedModelV1_0).withDefault(nullptr);
+
+    // The getSupportedOperations_1_3 call returns a list of operations that are
+    // guaranteed not to fail if prepareModel_1_3 is called, and
+    // 'fullySupportsModel' is true i.f.f. the entire model is guaranteed.
+    // If a driver has any doubt that it can prepare an operation, it must
+    // return false. So here, if a driver isn't sure if it can support an
+    // operation, but reports that it successfully prepared the model, the test
+    // can continue.
+    if (!fullySupportsModel && prepareReturnStatus != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(nullptr, preparedModel.get());
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // verify return status
+    if (!deadlineBound.has_value()) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, prepareReturnStatus);
+    } else {
+        switch (deadlineBound.value()) {
+            case DeadlineBoundType::NOW:
+            case DeadlineBoundType::SHORT:
+                // Either the driver successfully completed the task or it
+                // aborted and returned MISSED_DEADLINE_*.
+                EXPECT_TRUE(prepareReturnStatus == ErrorStatus::NONE ||
+                            prepareReturnStatus == ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT ||
+                            prepareReturnStatus == ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT);
+                break;
+            case DeadlineBoundType::UNLIMITED:
+                // If an unlimited deadline is supplied, we expect the execution to
+                // proceed normally. In this case, check it normally by breaking out
+                // of the switch statement.
+                EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, prepareReturnStatus);
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    ASSERT_EQ(prepareReturnStatus == ErrorStatus::NONE, preparedModel.get() != nullptr);
+}
+
+void runPrepareModelTests(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
+    // test priority
+    for (auto priority : hidl_enum_range<Priority>{}) {
+        SCOPED_TRACE("priority: " + toString(priority));
+        if (priority == kDefaultPriority) continue;
+        runPrepareModelTest(device, model, priority, {});
+    }
+
+    // test deadline
+    for (auto deadlineBound : deadlineBounds) {
+        SCOPED_TRACE("deadlineBound: " + toString(deadlineBound));
+        runPrepareModelTest(device, model, kDefaultPriority, deadlineBound);
+    }
+}
+
+static MaybeResults executeAsynchronously(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                                          const Request& request,
+                                          const OptionalTimePoint& deadline) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE("asynchronous");
+    const MeasureTiming measure = MeasureTiming::NO;
+
+    // launch execution
+    const sp<ExecutionCallback> callback = new ExecutionCallback();
+    Return<ErrorStatus> ret = preparedModel->execute_1_3(request, measure, deadline, {}, callback);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, ret.withDefault(ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE));
+    if (!ret.isOk() || ret != ErrorStatus::NONE) return std::nullopt;
+
+    // retrieve execution results
+    callback->wait();
+    const ErrorStatus status = callback->getStatus();
+    hidl_vec<OutputShape> outputShapes = callback->getOutputShapes();
+    const Timing timing = callback->getTiming();
+
+    // return results
+    return Results{status, std::move(outputShapes), timing};
+}
+
+static MaybeResults executeSynchronously(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                                         const Request& request,
+                                         const OptionalTimePoint& deadline) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE("synchronous");
+    const MeasureTiming measure = MeasureTiming::NO;
+
+    // configure results callback
+    MaybeResults results;
+    const auto cb = [&results](ErrorStatus status, const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes,
+                               const Timing& timing) {
+        results.emplace(status, outputShapes, timing);
+    };
+
+    // run execution
+    const Return<void> ret =
+            preparedModel->executeSynchronously_1_3(request, measure, deadline, {}, cb);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    if (!ret.isOk()) return std::nullopt;
+
+    // return results
+    return results;
+}
+
+void runExecutionTest(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const TestModel& testModel,
+                      const Request& request, const ExecutionContext& context, bool synchronous,
+                      DeadlineBoundType deadlineBound) {
+    const ExecutionFunction execute = synchronous ? executeSynchronously : executeAsynchronously;
+    const auto deadline = makeDeadline(deadlineBound);
+
+    // Perform execution and unpack results.
+    const auto results = execute(preparedModel, request, deadline);
+    if (!results.has_value()) return;
+    const auto& [status, outputShapes, timing] = results.value();
+
+    // Verify no timing information was returned
+    EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeOnDevice);
+    EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeInDriver);
+
+    // Validate deadline information if applicable.
+    switch (deadlineBound) {
+        case DeadlineBoundType::NOW:
+        case DeadlineBoundType::SHORT:
+            // Either the driver successfully completed the task or it
+            // aborted and returned MISSED_DEADLINE_*.
+            ASSERT_TRUE(status == ErrorStatus::NONE ||
+                        status == ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT ||
+                        status == ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT);
+            break;
+        case DeadlineBoundType::UNLIMITED:
+            // If an unlimited deadline is supplied, we expect the execution to
+            // proceed normally. In this case, check it normally by breaking out
+            // of the switch statement.
+            ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
+            break;
+    }
+
+    // If the model output operands are fully specified, outputShapes must be either
+    // either empty, or have the same number of elements as the number of outputs.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(outputShapes.size() == 0 ||
+                outputShapes.size() == testModel.main.outputIndexes.size());
+
+    // Go through all outputs, check returned output shapes.
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < outputShapes.size(); i++) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(outputShapes[i].isSufficient);
+        const auto& expect = testModel.main.operands[testModel.main.outputIndexes[i]].dimensions;
+        const std::vector<uint32_t> actual = outputShapes[i].dimensions;
+        EXPECT_EQ(expect, actual);
+    }
+
+    // Retrieve execution results.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(nn::compliantWithV1_0(request));
+    const V1_0::Request request10 = nn::convertToV1_0(request);
+    const std::vector<TestBuffer> outputs = context.getOutputBuffers(request10);
+
+    // We want "close-enough" results.
+    if (status == ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+        checkResults(testModel, outputs);
+    }
+}
+
+void runExecutionTests(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const TestModel& testModel,
+                       const Request& request, const ExecutionContext& context) {
+    for (bool synchronous : {false, true}) {
+        for (auto deadlineBound : deadlineBounds) {
+            runExecutionTest(preparedModel, testModel, request, context, synchronous,
+                             deadlineBound);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void runTests(const sp<IDevice>& device, const TestModel& testModel) {
+    // setup
+    const Model model = createModel(testModel);
+
+    // run prepare model tests
+    runPrepareModelTests(device, model);
+
+    // prepare model
+    sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel;
+    createPreparedModel(device, model, &preparedModel);
+    if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+
+    // run execution tests
+    ExecutionContext context;
+    const Request request = nn::convertToV1_3(context.createRequest(testModel));
+    runExecutionTests(preparedModel, testModel, request, context);
+}
+
+class DeadlineTest : public GeneratedTestBase {};
+
+TEST_P(DeadlineTest, Test) {
+    runTests(kDevice, kTestModel);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(DeadlineTest,
+                           [](const TestModel& testModel) { return !testModel.expectFailure; });
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/TestAssertions.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/TestAssertions.cpp
index 7361078..a7569e6 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/TestAssertions.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/TestAssertions.cpp
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@
 #define CHECK_TEST_ENUM(EnumType, enumValue) \
     static_assert(static_cast<EnumType>(Test##EnumType::enumValue) == EnumType::enumValue)
 
-using V1_2::OperationType;
-
 CHECK_TEST_ENUM(OperandType, FLOAT32);
 CHECK_TEST_ENUM(OperandType, INT32);
 CHECK_TEST_ENUM(OperandType, UINT32);
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Utils.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Utils.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23e2af8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Utils.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3 {
+
+::std::ostream& operator<<(::std::ostream& os, ErrorStatus errorStatus) {
+    return os << toString(errorStatus);
+}
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
index 7df8046..c78439c 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 #include "ExecutionBurstServer.h"
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
-#include "Utils.h"
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <chrono>
@@ -34,7 +33,6 @@
 using nn::ExecutionBurstController;
 using nn::RequestChannelSender;
 using nn::ResultChannelReceiver;
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
 using V1_0::Request;
 using V1_2::FmqRequestDatum;
 using V1_2::FmqResultDatum;
@@ -44,6 +42,8 @@
 using V1_2::Timing;
 using ExecutionBurstCallback = ExecutionBurstController::ExecutionBurstCallback;
 
+using BurstExecutionMutation = std::function<void(std::vector<FmqRequestDatum>*)>;
+
 // This constant value represents the length of an FMQ that is large enough to
 // return a result from a burst execution for all of the generated test cases.
 constexpr size_t kExecutionBurstChannelLength = 1024;
@@ -80,16 +80,17 @@
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, fmqResultDescriptor);
 
     // configure burst
-    ErrorStatus errorStatus;
+    V1_0::ErrorStatus errorStatus;
     sp<IBurstContext> burstContext;
     const Return<void> ret = preparedModel->configureExecutionBurst(
             callback, *fmqRequestDescriptor, *fmqResultDescriptor,
-            [&errorStatus, &burstContext](ErrorStatus status, const sp<IBurstContext>& context) {
+            [&errorStatus, &burstContext](V1_0::ErrorStatus status,
+                                          const sp<IBurstContext>& context) {
                 errorStatus = status;
                 burstContext = context;
             });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, errorStatus);
+    ASSERT_EQ(V1_0::ErrorStatus::NONE, errorStatus);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, burstContext.get());
 
     // return values
@@ -122,13 +123,13 @@
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid serialized
 // request, apply a mutation to it to invalidate the serialized request, then
-// pass it to interface calls that use the serialized request. Note that the
-// serialized request here is passed by value, and any mutation to the
-// serialized request does not leave this function.
+// pass it to interface calls that use the serialized request.
 static void validate(RequestChannelSender* sender, ResultChannelReceiver* receiver,
-                     const std::string& message, std::vector<FmqRequestDatum> serialized,
-                     const std::function<void(std::vector<FmqRequestDatum>*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&serialized);
+                     const std::string& message,
+                     const std::vector<FmqRequestDatum>& originalSerialized,
+                     const BurstExecutionMutation& mutate) {
+    std::vector<FmqRequestDatum> serialized = originalSerialized;
+    mutate(&serialized);
 
     // skip if packet is too large to send
     if (serialized.size() > kExecutionBurstChannelLength) {
@@ -144,7 +145,7 @@
     auto results = receiver->getBlocking();
     ASSERT_TRUE(results.has_value());
     const auto [status, outputShapes, timing] = std::move(*results);
-    EXPECT_NE(ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
+    EXPECT_NE(V1_0::ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
     EXPECT_EQ(0u, outputShapes.size());
     EXPECT_TRUE(badTiming(timing));
 }
@@ -302,14 +303,14 @@
     // collect serialized result by running regular burst
     const auto [nRegular, outputShapesRegular, timingRegular, fallbackRegular] =
             controllerRegular->compute(request, MeasureTiming::NO, keys);
-    const ErrorStatus statusRegular = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nRegular);
+    const V1_0::ErrorStatus statusRegular = nn::legacyConvertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nRegular);
     EXPECT_FALSE(fallbackRegular);
 
     // skip test if regular burst output isn't useful for testing a failure
     // caused by having too small of a length for the result FMQ
     const std::vector<FmqResultDatum> serialized =
             android::nn::serialize(statusRegular, outputShapesRegular, timingRegular);
-    if (statusRegular != ErrorStatus::NONE ||
+    if (statusRegular != V1_0::ErrorStatus::NONE ||
         serialized.size() <= kExecutionBurstChannelSmallLength) {
         return;
     }
@@ -318,8 +319,8 @@
     // large enough to return the serialized result
     const auto [nSmall, outputShapesSmall, timingSmall, fallbackSmall] =
             controllerSmall->compute(request, MeasureTiming::NO, keys);
-    const ErrorStatus statusSmall = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nSmall);
-    EXPECT_NE(ErrorStatus::NONE, statusSmall);
+    const V1_0::ErrorStatus statusSmall = nn::legacyConvertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nSmall);
+    EXPECT_NE(V1_0::ErrorStatus::NONE, statusSmall);
     EXPECT_EQ(0u, outputShapesSmall.size());
     EXPECT_TRUE(badTiming(timingSmall));
     EXPECT_FALSE(fallbackSmall);
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
index 1ff02dc..4c0100e 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
@@ -18,21 +18,20 @@
 
 #include "1.0/Utils.h"
 #include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
 #include "VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h"
 
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
 
 using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
-using V1_0::OperandLifeTime;
 using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
-using V1_2::OperationType;
-using V1_2::OperationTypeRange;
 using V1_2::SymmPerChannelQuantParams;
 using HidlToken =
         hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(V1_2::Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
 
+using PrepareModelMutation = std::function<void(Model*, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 static void validateGetSupportedOperations(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
@@ -47,12 +46,13 @@
 }
 
 static void validatePrepareModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
-                                 const Model& model, ExecutionPreference preference) {
+                                 const Model& model, ExecutionPreference preference,
+                                 Priority priority) {
     SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [prepareModel_1_3]");
 
     sp<PreparedModelCallback> preparedModelCallback = new PreparedModelCallback();
     Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus =
-            device->prepareModel_1_3(model, preference, hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(),
+            device->prepareModel_1_3(model, preference, priority, {}, hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(),
                                      hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), HidlToken(), preparedModelCallback);
     ASSERT_TRUE(prepareLaunchStatus.isOk());
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(prepareLaunchStatus));
@@ -70,37 +70,45 @@
            preference == ExecutionPreference::SUSTAINED_SPEED;
 }
 
+static bool validExecutionPriority(Priority priority) {
+    return priority == Priority::LOW || priority == Priority::MEDIUM || priority == Priority::HIGH;
+}
+
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid model, apply a
-// mutation to it to invalidate the model, then pass it to interface calls that
-// use the model. Note that the model here is passed by value, and any mutation
-// to the model does not leave this function.
-static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message, Model model,
-                     const std::function<void(Model*)>& mutation,
-                     ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER) {
-    mutation(&model);
-    if (validExecutionPreference(preference)) {
+// mutation to invalidate the model, the execution preference, or the priority,
+// then pass these to supportedOperations and/or prepareModel if that method is
+// called with an invalid argument.
+static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
+                     const Model& originalModel, const PrepareModelMutation& mutate) {
+    Model model = originalModel;
+    ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER;
+    Priority priority = kDefaultPriority;
+    mutate(&model, &preference, &priority);
+
+    if (validExecutionPreference(preference) && validExecutionPriority(priority)) {
         validateGetSupportedOperations(device, message, model);
     }
-    validatePrepareModel(device, message, model, preference);
+
+    validatePrepareModel(device, message, model, preference, priority);
 }
 
 static uint32_t addOperand(Model* model) {
-    return hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operands,
+    return hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.operands,
                               {
                                       .type = OperandType::INT32,
                                       .dimensions = {},
                                       .numberOfConsumers = 0,
                                       .scale = 0.0f,
                                       .zeroPoint = 0,
-                                      .lifetime = OperandLifeTime::MODEL_INPUT,
+                                      .lifetime = OperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_INPUT,
                                       .location = {.poolIndex = 0, .offset = 0, .length = 0},
                               });
 }
 
 static uint32_t addOperand(Model* model, OperandLifeTime lifetime) {
     uint32_t index = addOperand(model);
-    model->operands[index].numberOfConsumers = 1;
-    model->operands[index].lifetime = lifetime;
+    model->main.operands[index].numberOfConsumers = 1;
+    model->main.operands[index].lifetime = lifetime;
     return index;
 }
 
@@ -114,14 +122,16 @@
 };
 
 static void mutateOperandTypeTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
+    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.main.operands.size(); ++operand) {
         for (uint32_t invalidOperandType : invalidOperandTypes) {
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperandType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                model->operands[operand].type = static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                         model->main.operands[operand].type =
+                                 static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -152,16 +162,18 @@
 }
 
 static void mutateOperandRankTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
-        const uint32_t invalidRank = getInvalidRank(model.operands[operand].type);
+    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.main.operands.size(); ++operand) {
+        const uint32_t invalidRank = getInvalidRank(model.main.operands[operand].type);
         if (invalidRank == 0) {
             continue;
         }
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandRankTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has rank of " + std::to_string(invalidRank);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidRank](Model* model) {
-            model->operands[operand].dimensions = std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operand, invalidRank](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                     model->main.operands[operand].dimensions =
+                             std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -178,6 +190,7 @@
         case OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16:
         case OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32:
         case OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL:
+        case OperandType::SUBGRAPH:
             return 1.0f;
         case OperandType::TENSOR_INT32:
             return -1.0f;
@@ -192,13 +205,14 @@
 }
 
 static void mutateOperandScaleTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
-        const float invalidScale = getInvalidScale(model.operands[operand].type);
+    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.main.operands.size(); ++operand) {
+        const float invalidScale = getInvalidScale(model.main.operands[operand].type);
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandScaleTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has scale of " + std::to_string(invalidScale);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidScale](Model* model) {
-            model->operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operand, invalidScale](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                     model->main.operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -216,6 +230,7 @@
         case OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32:
         case OperandType::TENSOR_INT32:
         case OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL:
+        case OperandType::SUBGRAPH:
             return {1};
         case OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM:
             return {-1, 256};
@@ -231,16 +246,17 @@
 }
 
 static void mutateOperandZeroPointTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
+    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.main.operands.size(); ++operand) {
         const std::vector<int32_t> invalidZeroPoints =
-                getInvalidZeroPoints(model.operands[operand].type);
+                getInvalidZeroPoints(model.main.operands[operand].type);
         for (int32_t invalidZeroPoint : invalidZeroPoints) {
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandZeroPointTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " has zero point of " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidZeroPoint);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model) {
-                model->operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                         model->main.operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -312,11 +328,11 @@
 
 static bool mutateOperationOperandTypeSkip(size_t operand, OperandType type, const Model& model) {
     // Do not test OEM types
-    if (type == model.operands[operand].type || type == OperandType::OEM ||
+    if (type == model.main.operands[operand].type || type == OperandType::OEM ||
         type == OperandType::TENSOR_OEM_BYTE) {
         return true;
     }
-    for (const Operation& operation : model.operations) {
+    for (const Operation& operation : model.main.operations) {
         // Skip mutateOperationOperandTypeTest for the following operations.
         // - LSH_PROJECTION's second argument is allowed to have any type.
         // - ARGMIN and ARGMAX's first argument can be any of
@@ -324,13 +340,16 @@
         // - CAST's argument can be any of TENSOR_(FLOAT16|FLOAT32|INT32|QUANT8_ASYMM).
         // - RANDOM_MULTINOMIAL's argument can be either TENSOR_FLOAT16 or TENSOR_FLOAT32.
         // - DEQUANTIZE input can be any of
-        // TENSOR_(QUANT8_ASYMM|QUANT8_SYMM|QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL), output can
-        // be of either TENSOR_FLOAT16 or TENSOR_FLOAT32.
+        // TENSOR_(QUANT8_ASYMM|QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED|QUANT8_SYMM|QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL),
+        // output can be of either TENSOR_FLOAT16 or TENSOR_FLOAT32.
         // - QUANTIZE input can be either TENSOR_FLOAT16 or TENSOR_FLOAT32
         // - CONV_2D filter type (arg 1) can be QUANT8_ASYMM or QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL
         // - DEPTHWISE_CONV_2D filter type (arg 1) can be QUANT8_ASYMM or QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL
         // - GROUPED_CONV_2D filter type (arg 1) can be QUANT8_ASYMM or QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL
         // - TRANSPOSE_CONV_2D filter type (arg 1) can be QUANT8_ASYMM or QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL
+        // - AXIS_ALIGNED_BBOX_TRANSFORM bounding boxes (arg 1) can be of
+        //     TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM or TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED.
+        // - RANK's input can have any TENSOR_* type.
         switch (operation.type) {
             case OperationType::LSH_PROJECTION: {
                 if (operand == operation.inputs[1]) {
@@ -341,11 +360,22 @@
             case OperationType::ARGMAX:
             case OperationType::ARGMIN: {
                 if (type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16 || type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32 ||
-                    type == OperandType::TENSOR_INT32 || type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM) {
+                    type == OperandType::TENSOR_INT32 || type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM ||
+                    type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED) {
                     return true;
                 }
             } break;
-            case OperationType::QUANTIZE:
+            case OperationType::QUANTIZE: {
+                if (operand == operation.inputs[0] &&
+                    (type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16 || type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+                if (operand == operation.outputs[0] &&
+                    (type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            } break;
             case OperationType::RANDOM_MULTINOMIAL: {
                 if (operand == operation.inputs[0] &&
                     (type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16 || type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32)) {
@@ -355,6 +385,7 @@
             case OperationType::DEQUANTIZE: {
                 if (operand == operation.inputs[0] &&
                     (type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED ||
                      type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM ||
                      type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL)) {
                     return true;
@@ -374,6 +405,27 @@
                     return true;
                 }
             } break;
+            case OperationType::AXIS_ALIGNED_BBOX_TRANSFORM: {
+                if (operand == operation.inputs[1] &&
+                    (type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            } break;
+            case OperationType::RANK: {
+                if (operand == operation.inputs[0] &&
+                    (type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16 || type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32 ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_INT32 ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8 ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            } break;
             default:
                 break;
         }
@@ -382,7 +434,7 @@
 }
 
 static void mutateOperationOperandTypeTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
+    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.main.operands.size(); ++operand) {
         for (OperandType invalidOperandType : hidl_enum_range<OperandType>{}) {
             if (mutateOperationOperandTypeSkip(operand, invalidOperandType, model)) {
                 continue;
@@ -390,9 +442,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to type " +
                                         toString(invalidOperandType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                mutateOperand(&model->operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                         mutateOperand(&model->main.operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -406,15 +459,17 @@
 };
 
 static void mutateOperationTypeTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         for (uint32_t invalidOperationType : invalidOperationTypes) {
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationTypeTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperationType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].type =
-                        static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*,
+                                                       Priority*) {
+                         model->main.operations[operation].type =
+                                 static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -422,15 +477,17 @@
 ///////////////////////// VALIDATE MODEL OPERATION INPUT OPERAND INDEX /////////////////////////
 
 static void mutateOperationInputOperandIndexTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
-        const uint32_t invalidOperand = model.operands.size();
-        for (size_t input = 0; input < model.operations[operation].inputs.size(); ++input) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+        const uint32_t invalidOperand = model.main.operands.size();
+        for (size_t input = 0; input < model.main.operations[operation].inputs.size(); ++input) {
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationInputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*,
+                                                        Priority*) {
+                         model->main.operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -438,15 +495,18 @@
 ///////////////////////// VALIDATE MODEL OPERATION OUTPUT OPERAND INDEX /////////////////////////
 
 static void mutateOperationOutputOperandIndexTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
-        const uint32_t invalidOperand = model.operands.size();
-        for (size_t output = 0; output < model.operations[operation].outputs.size(); ++output) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+        const uint32_t invalidOperand = model.main.operands.size();
+        for (size_t output = 0; output < model.main.operations[operation].outputs.size();
+             ++output) {
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOutputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*,
+                                                         Priority*) {
+                         model->main.operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -466,17 +526,17 @@
 }
 
 static void removeOperand(Model* model, uint32_t index) {
-    hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operands, index);
-    for (Operation& operation : model->operations) {
+    hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->main.operands, index);
+    for (Operation& operation : model->main.operations) {
         removeValueAndDecrementGreaterValues(&operation.inputs, index);
         removeValueAndDecrementGreaterValues(&operation.outputs, index);
     }
-    removeValueAndDecrementGreaterValues(&model->inputIndexes, index);
-    removeValueAndDecrementGreaterValues(&model->outputIndexes, index);
+    removeValueAndDecrementGreaterValues(&model->main.inputIndexes, index);
+    removeValueAndDecrementGreaterValues(&model->main.outputIndexes, index);
 }
 
 static bool removeOperandSkip(size_t operand, const Model& model) {
-    for (const Operation& operation : model.operations) {
+    for (const Operation& operation : model.main.operations) {
         // Skip removeOperandTest for the following operations.
         // - SPLIT's outputs are not checked during prepareModel.
         if (operation.type == OperationType::SPLIT) {
@@ -486,9 +546,15 @@
                 }
             }
         }
-        // BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM and BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN can have either one or two
-        // outputs depending on their mergeOutputs parameter.
-        if (operation.type == OperationType::BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM ||
+        // BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM and BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN can have
+        // either one, two, three or four outputs depending on their
+        // mergeOutputs parameter and if state outputs are provided.
+        // UNIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM and UNIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN can have
+        // either one or three outputs depending on whether state outputs are
+        // provided.
+        if (operation.type == OperationType::UNIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM ||
+            operation.type == OperationType::UNIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN ||
+            operation.type == OperationType::BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM ||
             operation.type == OperationType::BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN) {
             for (const size_t outOprand : operation.outputs) {
                 if (operand == outOprand) {
@@ -501,30 +567,33 @@
 }
 
 static void removeOperandTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
+    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.main.operands.size(); ++operand) {
         if (removeOperandSkip(operand, model)) {
             continue;
         }
         const std::string message = "removeOperandTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand);
-        validate(device, message, model,
-                 [operand](Model* model) { removeOperand(model, operand); });
+        validate(device, message, model, [operand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+            removeOperand(model, operand);
+        });
     }
 }
 
 ///////////////////////// REMOVE OPERATION /////////////////////////
 
 static void removeOperation(Model* model, uint32_t index) {
-    for (uint32_t operand : model->operations[index].inputs) {
-        model->operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
+    for (uint32_t operand : model->main.operations[index].inputs) {
+        model->main.operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
     }
-    hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations, index);
+    hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->main.operations, index);
 }
 
 static void removeOperationTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message = "removeOperationTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
         validate(device, message, model,
-                 [operation](Model* model) { removeOperation(model, operation); });
+                 [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                     removeOperation(model, operation);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -536,6 +605,8 @@
     // - CONV_2D, DEPTHWISE_CONV_2D, MAX_POOL_2D, AVERAGE_POOL_2D, L2_POOL_2D, RESIZE_BILINEAR,
     //   SPACE_TO_DEPTH, SPACE_TO_DEPTH, SPACE_TO_BATCH_ND, BATCH_TO_SPACE_ND can have an optional
     //   layout parameter.
+    //   RESIZE_BILINEAR and RESIZE_NEAREST_NEIGHBOR can have optional
+    //   align_corners and half_pixel_centers parameters.
     // - L2_NORMALIZATION, LOCAL_RESPONSE_NORMALIZATION, SOFTMAX can have an optional axis
     //   parameter.
     switch (op.type) {
@@ -558,7 +629,12 @@
             }
         } break;
         case OperationType::RESIZE_BILINEAR: {
-            if (op.inputs.size() == 4 && input == 3) {
+            if (op.inputs.size() >= 4 && input >= 3) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        } break;
+        case OperationType::RESIZE_NEAREST_NEIGHBOR: {
+            if (op.inputs.size() >= 5 && input >= 3) {
                 return true;
             }
         } break;
@@ -596,20 +672,21 @@
 }
 
 static void removeOperationInputTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
-        for (size_t input = 0; input < model.operations[operation].inputs.size(); ++input) {
-            const Operation& op = model.operations[operation];
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+        for (size_t input = 0; input < model.main.operations[operation].inputs.size(); ++input) {
+            const Operation& op = model.main.operations[operation];
             if (removeOperationInputSkip(op, input)) {
                 continue;
             }
             const std::string message = "removeOperationInputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, input](Model* model) {
-                uint32_t operand = model->operations[operation].inputs[input];
-                model->operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].inputs, input);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, input](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                         uint32_t operand = model->main.operations[operation].inputs[input];
+                         model->main.operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
+                         hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->main.operations[operation].inputs, input);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -617,14 +694,16 @@
 ///////////////////////// REMOVE OPERATION OUTPUT /////////////////////////
 
 static void removeOperationOutputTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
-        for (size_t output = 0; output < model.operations[operation].outputs.size(); ++output) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+        for (size_t output = 0; output < model.main.operations[operation].outputs.size();
+             ++output) {
             const std::string message = "removeOperationOutputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, output](Model* model) {
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].outputs, output);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, output](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                         hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->main.operations[operation].outputs, output);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -643,37 +722,41 @@
     //   parameter.
     if ((op.type == OperationType::L2_NORMALIZATION && op.inputs.size() == 1) ||
         (op.type == OperationType::LOCAL_RESPONSE_NORMALIZATION && op.inputs.size() == 5) ||
-        (op.type == OperationType::SOFTMAX && op.inputs.size() == 2)) {
+        (op.type == OperationType::SOFTMAX && op.inputs.size() == 2) ||
+        (op.type == OperationType::RESIZE_BILINEAR && op.inputs.size() < 6) ||
+        (op.type == OperationType::RESIZE_NEAREST_NEIGHBOR && op.inputs.size() < 6)) {
         return true;
     }
     return false;
 }
 
 static void addOperationInputTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
-        if (addOperationInputSkip(model.operations[operation])) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+        if (addOperationInputSkip(model.main.operations[operation])) {
             continue;
         }
         const std::string message = "addOperationInputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
-            uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::MODEL_INPUT);
-            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operations[operation].inputs, index);
-            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->inputIndexes, index);
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                     uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_INPUT);
+                     hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.operations[operation].inputs, index);
+                     hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.inputIndexes, index);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
 ///////////////////////// ADD OPERATION OUTPUT /////////////////////////
 
 static void addOperationOutputTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message =
                 "addOperationOutputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
-            uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::MODEL_OUTPUT);
-            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operations[operation].outputs, index);
-            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->outputIndexes, index);
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                     uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT);
+                     hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.operations[operation].outputs, index);
+                     hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.outputIndexes, index);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -685,12 +768,31 @@
 };
 
 static void mutateExecutionPreferenceTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (int32_t preference : invalidExecutionPreferences) {
+    for (int32_t invalidPreference : invalidExecutionPreferences) {
         const std::string message =
-                "mutateExecutionPreferenceTest: preference " + std::to_string(preference);
-        validate(
-                device, message, model, [](Model*) {},
-                static_cast<ExecutionPreference>(preference));
+                "mutateExecutionPreferenceTest: preference " + std::to_string(invalidPreference);
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [invalidPreference](Model*, ExecutionPreference* preference, Priority*) {
+                     *preference = static_cast<ExecutionPreference>(invalidPreference);
+                 });
+    }
+}
+
+///////////////////////// VALIDATE PRIORITY /////////////////////////
+
+static const int32_t invalidPriorities[] = {
+        static_cast<int32_t>(Priority::LOW) - 1,   // lower bound
+        static_cast<int32_t>(Priority::HIGH) + 1,  // upper bound
+};
+
+static void mutateExecutionPriorityTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
+    for (int32_t invalidPriority : invalidPriorities) {
+        const std::string message =
+                "mutatePriorityTest: priority " + std::to_string(invalidPriority);
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [invalidPriority](Model*, ExecutionPreference*, Priority* priority) {
+                     *priority = static_cast<Priority>(invalidPriority);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -712,6 +814,7 @@
     addOperationInputTest(device, model);
     addOperationOutputTest(device, model);
     mutateExecutionPreferenceTest(device, model);
+    mutateExecutionPriorityTest(device, model);
 }
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
index 2cf30d5..1ae8b3f 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "neuralnetworks_hidl_hal_test"
 
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IFencedExecutionCallback.h>
 #include <chrono>
+
 #include "1.0/Utils.h"
-#include "1.2/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
 #include "ExecutionBurstController.h"
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
@@ -27,12 +29,12 @@
 
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
 
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
-using V1_0::Request;
+using implementation::ExecutionCallback;
 using V1_2::MeasureTiming;
 using V1_2::OutputShape;
 using V1_2::Timing;
-using V1_2::implementation::ExecutionCallback;
+
+using ExecutionMutation = std::function<void(Request*)>;
 
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
@@ -42,11 +44,11 @@
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid request, apply a
 // mutation to it to invalidate the request, then pass it to interface calls
-// that use the request. Note that the request here is passed by value, and any
-// mutation to the request does not leave this function.
+// that use the request.
 static void validate(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const std::string& message,
-                     Request request, const std::function<void(Request*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&request);
+                     const Request& originalRequest, const ExecutionMutation& mutate) {
+    Request request = originalRequest;
+    mutate(&request);
 
     // We'd like to test both with timing requested and without timing
     // requested. Rather than running each test both ways, we'll decide whether
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@
 
         sp<ExecutionCallback> executionCallback = new ExecutionCallback();
         Return<ErrorStatus> executeLaunchStatus =
-                preparedModel->execute_1_3(request, measure, executionCallback);
+                preparedModel->execute_1_3(request, measure, {}, {}, executionCallback);
         ASSERT_TRUE(executeLaunchStatus.isOk());
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(executeLaunchStatus));
 
@@ -79,10 +81,10 @@
 
     // synchronous
     {
-        SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [executeSynchronously]");
+        SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [executeSynchronously_1_3]");
 
-        Return<void> executeStatus = preparedModel->executeSynchronously(
-                request, measure,
+        Return<void> executeStatus = preparedModel->executeSynchronously_1_3(
+                request, measure, {}, {},
                 [](ErrorStatus error, const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes,
                    const Timing& timing) {
                     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, error);
@@ -93,9 +95,13 @@
     }
 
     // burst
+    // TODO(butlermichael): Check if we need to test burst in V1_3 if the interface remains V1_2.
     {
         SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [burst]");
 
+        ASSERT_TRUE(nn::compliantWithV1_0(request));
+        V1_0::Request request10 = nn::convertToV1_0(request);
+
         // create burst
         std::shared_ptr<::android::nn::ExecutionBurstController> burst =
                 android::nn::ExecutionBurstController::create(preparedModel,
@@ -103,13 +109,13 @@
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, burst.get());
 
         // create memory keys
-        std::vector<intptr_t> keys(request.pools.size());
+        std::vector<intptr_t> keys(request10.pools.size());
         for (size_t i = 0; i < keys.size(); ++i) {
-            keys[i] = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(&request.pools[i]);
+            keys[i] = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(&request10.pools[i]);
         }
 
         // execute and verify
-        const auto [n, outputShapes, timing, fallback] = burst->compute(request, measure, keys);
+        const auto [n, outputShapes, timing, fallback] = burst->compute(request10, measure, keys);
         const ErrorStatus status = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(n);
         EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, status);
         EXPECT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), 0);
@@ -117,7 +123,7 @@
         EXPECT_FALSE(fallback);
 
         // additional burst testing
-        if (request.pools.size() > 0) {
+        if (request10.pools.size() > 0) {
             // valid free
             burst->freeMemory(keys.front());
 
@@ -128,6 +134,20 @@
             burst->freeMemory(keys.front());
         }
     }
+
+    // dispatch
+    {
+        SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [executeFenced]");
+        Return<void> ret =
+                preparedModel->executeFenced(request, {}, MeasureTiming::NO, {}, {}, {},
+                                             [](ErrorStatus error, const hidl_handle& handle,
+                                                const sp<IFencedExecutionCallback>& callback) {
+                                                 ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, error);
+                                                 ASSERT_EQ(handle.getNativeHandle(), nullptr);
+                                                 ASSERT_EQ(callback, nullptr);
+                                             });
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
 }
 
 ///////////////////////// REMOVE INPUT ////////////////////////////////////
@@ -158,9 +178,9 @@
 }
 
 void validateRequestFailure(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request) {
-    SCOPED_TRACE("Expecting request to fail [executeSynchronously]");
-    Return<void> executeStatus = preparedModel->executeSynchronously(
-            request, MeasureTiming::NO,
+    SCOPED_TRACE("Expecting request to fail [executeSynchronously_1_3]");
+    Return<void> executeStatus = preparedModel->executeSynchronously_1_3(
+            request, MeasureTiming::NO, {}, {},
             [](ErrorStatus error, const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes, const Timing& timing) {
                 ASSERT_NE(ErrorStatus::NONE, error);
                 EXPECT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), 0);
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
index 625913d..df1e453 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
@@ -23,21 +23,21 @@
 #include <utility>
 #include "1.0/Utils.h"
 #include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
 
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
 
 using HidlToken =
         hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(V1_2::Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
 using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
-using V1_0::Request;
 using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
 
 // internal helper function
 void createPreparedModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model,
-                         sp<IPreparedModel>* preparedModel) {
+                         sp<IPreparedModel>* preparedModel, bool reportSkipping) {
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, preparedModel);
     *preparedModel = nullptr;
 
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@
     // launch prepare model
     const sp<PreparedModelCallback> preparedModelCallback = new PreparedModelCallback();
     const Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus = device->prepareModel_1_3(
-            model, ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER, hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(),
-            hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), HidlToken(), preparedModelCallback);
+            model, ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER, kDefaultPriority, {},
+            hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), HidlToken(), preparedModelCallback);
     ASSERT_TRUE(prepareLaunchStatus.isOk());
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(prepareLaunchStatus));
 
@@ -74,6 +74,9 @@
     // can continue.
     if (!fullySupportsModel && prepareReturnStatus != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
         ASSERT_EQ(nullptr, preparedModel->get());
+        if (!reportSkipping) {
+            return;
+        }
         LOG(INFO) << "NN VTS: Early termination of test because vendor service cannot prepare "
                      "model that it does not support.";
         std::cout << "[          ]   Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
@@ -81,6 +84,7 @@
                   << std::endl;
         GTEST_SKIP();
     }
+
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, prepareReturnStatus);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, preparedModel->get());
 }
@@ -121,12 +125,26 @@
 // Forward declaration from ValidateModel.cpp
 void validateModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model);
 // Forward declaration from ValidateRequest.cpp
-void validateRequest(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const V1_0::Request& request);
+void validateRequest(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request);
 // Forward declaration from ValidateRequest.cpp
-void validateRequestFailure(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const V1_0::Request& request);
+void validateRequestFailure(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request);
 // Forward declaration from ValidateBurst.cpp
 void validateBurst(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const V1_0::Request& request);
 
+// Validate sync_fence handles for dispatch with valid input
+void validateExecuteFenced(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE("Expecting request to fail [executeFenced]");
+    Return<void> ret_null = preparedModel->executeFenced(
+            request, {hidl_handle(nullptr)}, V1_2::MeasureTiming::NO, {}, {}, {},
+            [](ErrorStatus error, const hidl_handle& handle,
+               const sp<IFencedExecutionCallback>& callback) {
+                ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, error);
+                ASSERT_EQ(handle.getNativeHandle(), nullptr);
+                ASSERT_EQ(callback, nullptr);
+            });
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret_null.isOk());
+}
+
 void validateEverything(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model, const Request& request) {
     validateModel(device, model);
 
@@ -136,7 +154,12 @@
     if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
 
     validateRequest(preparedModel, request);
-    validateBurst(preparedModel, request);
+    validateExecuteFenced(preparedModel, request);
+
+    // TODO(butlermichael): Check if we need to test burst in V1_3 if the interface remains V1_2.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(nn::compliantWithV1_0(request));
+    V1_0::Request request10 = nn::convertToV1_0(request);
+    validateBurst(preparedModel, request10);
 }
 
 void validateFailure(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model, const Request& request) {
@@ -154,7 +177,8 @@
 
 TEST_P(ValidationTest, Test) {
     const Model model = createModel(kTestModel);
-    const Request request = createRequest(kTestModel);
+    ExecutionContext context;
+    const Request request = nn::convertToV1_3(context.createRequest(kTestModel));
     if (kTestModel.expectFailure) {
         validateFailure(kDevice, model, request);
     } else {
@@ -162,11 +186,31 @@
     }
 }
 
-INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(ValidationTest, [](const test_helper::TestModel&) { return true; });
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(ValidationTest, [](const std::string& testName) {
+    // Skip validation for the "inputs_as_internal" and "all_tensors_as_inputs"
+    // generated tests.
+    return testName.find("inputs_as_internal") == std::string::npos &&
+           testName.find("all_tensors_as_inputs") == std::string::npos;
+});
 
 sp<IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel_1_3(const sp<PreparedModelCallback>& callback) {
     sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> preparedModelV1_0 = callback->getPreparedModel();
     return IPreparedModel::castFrom(preparedModelV1_0).withDefault(nullptr);
 }
 
+std::string toString(Executor executor) {
+    switch (executor) {
+        case Executor::ASYNC:
+            return "ASYNC";
+        case Executor::SYNC:
+            return "SYNC";
+        case Executor::BURST:
+            return "BURST";
+        case Executor::FENCED:
+            return "FENCED";
+        default:
+            CHECK(false);
+    }
+}
+
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h
index 8cb42d4..de082c3 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h
@@ -47,11 +47,15 @@
 // Create an IPreparedModel object. If the model cannot be prepared,
 // "preparedModel" will be nullptr instead.
 void createPreparedModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model,
-                         sp<IPreparedModel>* preparedModel);
+                         sp<IPreparedModel>* preparedModel, bool reportSkipping = true);
 
 // Utility function to get PreparedModel from callback and downcast to V1_2.
 sp<IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel_1_3(const sp<implementation::PreparedModelCallback>& callback);
 
+enum class Executor { ASYNC, SYNC, BURST, FENCED };
+
+std::string toString(Executor executor);
+
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
 
 #endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_VTS_HAL_NEURALNETWORKS_H
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Callbacks.h b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Callbacks.h
index fb19a84..e9dec2d 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Callbacks.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Callbacks.h
@@ -18,8 +18,11 @@
 #define ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_CALLBACKS_H
 
 #include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.0/IExecutionCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.0/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/IExecutionCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IExecutionCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
 #include <hidl/Status.h>
 #include <condition_variable>
@@ -136,7 +139,7 @@
      * @param preparedModel Returned model that has been prepared for execution,
      *     nullptr if the model was unable to be prepared.
      */
-    Return<void> notify_1_3(V1_0::ErrorStatus status,
+    Return<void> notify_1_3(V1_3::ErrorStatus status,
                             const sp<V1_3::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) override;
 
     /**
@@ -158,7 +161,7 @@
      *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
      *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
      */
-    V1_0::ErrorStatus getStatus() const;
+    ErrorStatus getStatus() const;
 
     /**
      * Retrieves the model that has been prepared for execution from the
@@ -173,13 +176,216 @@
     sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel() const;
 
   private:
+    Return<void> notifyInternal(ErrorStatus status, const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel);
+
     mutable std::mutex mMutex;
     mutable std::condition_variable mCondition;
     bool mNotified GUARDED_BY(mMutex) = false;
-    V1_0::ErrorStatus mErrorStatus = V1_0::ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+    ErrorStatus mErrorStatus = ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
     sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> mPreparedModel;
 };
 
+/**
+ * The ExecutionCallback class is used to receive the results of the execution
+ * from a task executing asynchronously with respect to the runtime. If a
+ * calling thread calls wait or get* on a ExecutionCallback object and the
+ * corresponding asynchronous task has not finished the execution, the calling
+ * thread will block until the asynchronous task has either called one of the
+ * notify* methods.
+ *
+ * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of the
+ * first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls are
+ * discarded.
+ *
+ * This callback object is passed as an argument to IPreparedModel::execute*.
+ */
+class ExecutionCallback : public IExecutionCallback {
+  public:
+    /**
+     * IExecutionCallback::notify marks the callback object with the return
+     * status of the asynchronous execution that held this callback and enables
+     * all prior and future wait calls on the ExecutionCallback object to
+     * proceed.
+     *
+     * One of the IExecutionCallback::notify* methods must be called on a given
+     * ExecutionCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if provided output buffer is not large
+     *         enough to store the resultant values
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input request is invalid
+     */
+    Return<void> notify(V1_0::ErrorStatus status) override;
+
+    /**
+     * IExecutionCallback::notify_1_2 marks the callback object with the results
+     * (error status, dynamic output shapes, and timing information) of the
+     * asynchronous execution that held this callback and enables all prior and
+     * future wait calls on the ExecutionCallback object to proceed.
+     *
+     * One of the IExecutionCallback::notify* methods must be called on a given
+     * ExecutionCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an unspecified
+     *         error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output operand buffer is
+     *         not large enough to store the corresponding output
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to prepareModel is
+     *         invalid
+     * @param outputShapes A list of shape information of model output operands.
+     *     The index into "outputShapes" corresponds to the index of the output
+     *     operand in the Request outputs vector. outputShapes must be empty
+     *     unless the status is either NONE or OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+     * @param Timing Duration of execution. Unless MeasureTiming::YES was passed
+     *     when launching the execution and status is NONE, all times must be
+     *     reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may choose to report any time as
+     *     UINT64_MAX, indicating that particular measurement is not available.
+     */
+    Return<void> notify_1_2(V1_0::ErrorStatus status,
+                            const hidl_vec<V1_2::OutputShape>& outputShapes,
+                            const V1_2::Timing& timing) override;
+
+    /**
+     * IExecutionCallback::notify_1_3 marks the callback object with the results
+     * (error status, dynamic output shapes, and timing information) of the
+     * asynchronous execution that held this callback and enables all prior and
+     * future wait calls on the ExecutionCallback object to proceed.
+     *
+     * One of the IExecutionCallback::notify* methods must be called on a given
+     * ExecutionCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an unspecified
+     *         error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output operand buffer is
+     *         not large enough to store the corresponding output
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to prepareModel is
+     *         invalid
+     *     - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the deadline was not met
+     * @param outputShapes A list of shape information of model output operands.
+     *     The index into "outputShapes" corresponds to the index of the output
+     *     operand in the Request outputs vector. outputShapes must be empty
+     *     unless the status is either NONE or OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+     * @param Timing Duration of execution. Unless MeasureTiming::YES was passed
+     *     when launching the execution and status is NONE, all times must be
+     *     reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may choose to report any time as
+     *     UINT64_MAX, indicating that particular measurement is not available.
+     */
+    Return<void> notify_1_3(V1_3::ErrorStatus status,
+                            const hidl_vec<V1_2::OutputShape>& outputShapes,
+                            const V1_2::Timing& timing) override;
+
+    /**
+     * ExecutionCallback::wait blocks until notify* has been called on the
+     * callback object.
+     */
+    void wait() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the error status returned from the asynchronous task launched
+     * by one of the IPreparedModel::execute* methods. If
+     * IPreparedModel::execute* (but not IPreparedModel::executeSynchronously*)
+     * has not finished asynchronously executing, this call will block until the
+     * asynchronous task notifies the object.
+     *
+     * @return status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an unspecified
+     *         error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output operand buffer is
+     *         not large enough to store the corresponding output
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to prepareModel is
+     *         invalid
+     *     - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the deadline could not be met
+     */
+    V1_3::ErrorStatus getStatus() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the error status returned from the asynchronous task launched
+     * by one of the IPreparedModel::execute* methods. If
+     * IPreparedModel::execute* (but not IPreparedModel::executeSynchronously*)
+     * has not finished asynchronously executing, this call will block until the
+     * asynchronous task notifies the object.
+     *
+     * If the asynchronous task was launched by IPreparedModel::execute, an
+     * empty vector will be returned.
+     *
+     * @return outputShapes A list of shape information of model output
+     *     operands. The index into "outputShapes" corresponds to the index of
+     *     the output operand in the Request outputs vector. outputShapes must
+     *     be empty unless the status is either NONE or
+     *     OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE. outputShaps may be empty if the status is
+     *     NONE and all model output operands are fully-specified at execution
+     *     time. outputShapes must have the same number of elements as the
+     *     number of model output operands if the status is
+     *     OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE, or if the status is NONE and the model has
+     *     at least one output operand that is not fully-specified.
+     */
+    const std::vector<V1_2::OutputShape>& getOutputShapes() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the error status returned from the asynchronous task launched
+     * by one of the IPreparedModel::execute* methods. If
+     * IPreparedModel::execute* (but not IPreparedModel::executeSynchronously*)
+     * has not finished asynchronously executing, this call will block until the
+     * asynchronous task notifies the object.
+     *
+     * If the asynchronous task was launched by IPreparedModel::execute, every
+     * time must be UINT64_MAX.
+     *
+     * @return timing Duration of the execution. Every time must be UINT64_MAX
+     *     unless the status is NONE.
+     */
+    V1_2::Timing getTiming() const;
+
+  private:
+    /*
+     * ExecutionCallback::notifyInternal stores the results of the execution
+     * (status, output shapes, and timing information) in the ExecutionCallback
+     * object before any call to wait or get* return. It then enables all prior
+     * and future wait calls on the ExecutionCallback object to proceed.
+     */
+    Return<void> notifyInternal(V1_3::ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                hidl_vec<V1_2::OutputShape> outputShapes, V1_2::Timing timing);
+
+    // members
+    mutable std::mutex mMutex;
+    mutable std::condition_variable mCondition;
+    bool mNotified GUARDED_BY(mMutex) = false;
+    V1_3::ErrorStatus mErrorStatus = V1_3::ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+    std::vector<V1_2::OutputShape> mOutputShapes = {};
+    V1_2::Timing mTiming = {};
+};
+
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::implementation
 
 #endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_CALLBACKS_H
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Utils.h b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Utils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3661b66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Utils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_UTILS_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_UTILS_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.h>
+#include <iosfwd>
+
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks {
+
+inline constexpr V1_3::Priority kDefaultPriority = V1_3::Priority::MEDIUM;
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks
+
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3 {
+
+// pretty-print values for error messages
+::std::ostream& operator<<(::std::ostream& os, ErrorStatus errorStatus);
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_UTILS_H
diff --git a/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 28d6bf6..90de347 100644
--- a/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalOemLockV1_0TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: ["android.hardware.oemlock@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalOemLockV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalOemLockV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 05462a8..bafe87d 100644
--- a/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalOemLockV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalOemLockV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 #include <android/hardware/oemlock/1.0/IOemLock.h>
-
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::oemlock::V1_0::IOemLock;
 using ::android::hardware::oemlock::V1_0::OemLockStatus;
@@ -25,22 +25,9 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-// Test environment for OemLock HIDL HAL.
-class OemLockHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static OemLockHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static OemLockHidlEnvironment* instance = new OemLockHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IOemLock>(); }
-};
-
-struct OemLockHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+struct OemLockHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        oemlock = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IOemLock>(
-            OemLockHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IOemLock>());
+        oemlock = IOemLock::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(oemlock, nullptr);
     }
 
@@ -52,7 +39,7 @@
 /*
  * Check the name can be retrieved
  */
-TEST_F(OemLockHidlTest, GetName) {
+TEST_P(OemLockHidlTest, GetName) {
     std::string name;
     OemLockStatus status;
 
@@ -72,7 +59,7 @@
 /*
  * Check the unlock allowed by device state can be queried
  */
-TEST_F(OemLockHidlTest, QueryUnlockAllowedByDevice) {
+TEST_P(OemLockHidlTest, QueryUnlockAllowedByDevice) {
     bool allowed;
     OemLockStatus status;
 
@@ -92,7 +79,7 @@
 /*
  * Check unlock allowed by device state can be toggled
  */
-TEST_F(OemLockHidlTest, AllowedByDeviceCanBeToggled) {
+TEST_P(OemLockHidlTest, AllowedByDeviceCanBeToggled) {
     bool allowed;
     OemLockStatus status;
 
@@ -129,7 +116,7 @@
 /*
  * Check the unlock allowed by device state can be queried
  */
-TEST_F(OemLockHidlTest, QueryUnlockAllowedByCarrier) {
+TEST_P(OemLockHidlTest, QueryUnlockAllowedByCarrier) {
     bool allowed;
     OemLockStatus status;
 
@@ -153,7 +140,7 @@
  * is a valid implementation so the test will pass. If there is no signature
  * required, the test will toggle the value.
  */
-TEST_F(OemLockHidlTest, CarrierUnlock) {
+TEST_P(OemLockHidlTest, CarrierUnlock) {
     const hidl_vec<uint8_t> noSignature = {};
     bool allowed;
     OemLockStatus status;
@@ -201,11 +188,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(allowed, originallyAllowed);
 };
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(OemLockHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    OemLockHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, OemLockHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOemLock::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/prebuilt_hashes/Android.bp b/power/aidl/Android.bp
similarity index 63%
copy from prebuilt_hashes/Android.bp
copy to power/aidl/Android.bp
index 4692b76..2a6cf94 100644
--- a/prebuilt_hashes/Android.bp
+++ b/power/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -12,19 +12,21 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 
-python_binary_host {
-    name: "dump_hals_for_release",
-
+aidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.power",
+    vendor_available: true,
     srcs: [
-        "dump_hals_for_release.py",
+        "android/hardware/power/*.aidl",
     ],
-
-    version: {
-        py2: {
-            enabled: true,
+    stability: "vintf",
+    backend: {
+        java: {
+            platform_apis: true,
         },
-        py3: {
-            enabled: false,
+        ndk: {
+            vndk: {
+                enabled: true,
+            },
         },
     },
 }
diff --git a/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/Boost.aidl b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/Boost.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c992fd3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/Boost.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.power;
+
+@VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum Boost {
+    /**
+     * This boost is set when user interacting with the device, for example,
+     * touchscreen events are incoming. CPU and GPU load may be expected soon,
+     * and it may be appropriate to raise speeds of CPU, memory bus etc.
+     * Note that this is different from INTERACTIVE mode, which only indicates
+     * that such interaction *may* occur, not that it is actively occurring.
+     */
+    INTERACTION,
+
+    /**
+     * This boost indicates that the framework is likely to provide a new
+     * display frame soon. This implies that the device should ensure that the
+     * display processing path is powered up and ready to receive that update.
+     */
+    DISPLAY_UPDATE_IMMINENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Below hints are currently not sent in Android framework but OEM might choose to
+     * implement for power/perf optimizations.
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * This boost indicates that the device is interacting with ML accelerator.
+     */
+    ML_ACC,
+
+    /**
+     * This boost indicates that the device is setting up audio stream.
+     */
+    AUDIO_LAUNCH,
+
+    /**
+     * This boost indicates that camera is being launched.
+     */
+    CAMERA_LAUNCH,
+
+    /**
+     * This boost indicates that camera shot is being taken.
+     */
+    CAMERA_SHOT,
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/IPower.aidl b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/IPower.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c4bd86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/IPower.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.power;
+
+import android.hardware.power.Boost;
+import android.hardware.power.Mode;
+
+@VintfStability
+interface IPower {
+    /**
+     * setMode() is called to enable/disable specific hint mode, which
+     * may result in adjustment of power/performance parameters of the
+     * cpufreq governor and other controls on device side.
+     *
+     * A particular platform may choose to ignore any mode hint.
+     *
+     * @param type Mode which is to be enable/disable.
+     * @param enabled true to enable, false to disable the mode.
+     */
+    oneway void setMode(in Mode type, in boolean enabled);
+
+    /**
+     * isModeSupported() is called to query if the given mode hint is
+     * supported by vendor.
+     *
+     * @return true if the hint passed is supported on this platform.
+     *         If false, setting the mode will have no effect.
+     * @param type Mode to be queried
+     */
+    boolean isModeSupported(in Mode type);
+
+    /**
+     * setBoost() indicates the device may need to boost some resources, as the
+     * the load is likely to increase before the kernel governors can react.
+     * Depending on the boost, it may be appropriate to raise the frequencies of
+     * CPU, GPU, memory subsystem, or stop CPU from going into deep sleep state.
+     * A particular platform may choose to ignore this hint.
+     *
+     * @param type Boost type which is to be set with a timeout.
+     * @param durationMs The expected duration of the user's interaction, if
+     *        known, or 0 if the expected duration is unknown.
+     *        a negative value indicates canceling previous boost.
+     *        A given platform can choose to boost some time based on durationMs,
+     *        and may also pick an appropriate timeout for 0 case.
+     */
+    oneway void setBoost(in Boost type, in int durationMs);
+
+    /**
+     * isBoostSupported() is called to query if the given boost hint is
+     * supported by vendor. When returns false, set the boost will have
+     * no effect on the platform.
+     *
+     * @return true if the hint passed is supported on this platform.
+     *         If false, setting the boost will have no effect.
+     * @param type Boost to be queried
+     */
+    boolean isBoostSupported(in Boost type);
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/Mode.aidl b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/Mode.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae113e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/Mode.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.power;
+
+@VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum Mode {
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates that the device is to allow wake up when the
+     * screen is tapped twice.
+     */
+    DOUBLE_TAP_TO_WAKE,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates Low power mode is activated or not. Low power
+     * mode is intended to save battery at the cost of performance.
+     */
+    LOW_POWER,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates Sustained Performance mode is activated or not.
+     * Sustained performance mode is intended to provide a consistent level of
+     * performance for a prolonged amount of time.
+     */
+    SUSTAINED_PERFORMANCE,
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the device to a fixed performance level which can be sustained under
+     * normal indoor conditions for at least 10 minutes.
+     *
+     * This is similar to sustained performance mode, except that whereas
+     * sustained performance mode puts an upper bound on performance in the
+     * interest of long-term stability, fixed performance mode puts both upper
+     * and lower bounds on performance such that any workload run while in a
+     * fixed performance mode should complete in a repeatable amount of time
+     * (except if the device is under thermal throttling).
+     *
+     * This mode is not intended for general purpose use, but rather to enable
+     * games and other performance-sensitive applications to reduce the number
+     * of variables during profiling and performance debugging. As such, while
+     * it is valid to set the device to minimum clocks for all subsystems in
+     * this mode, it is preferable to attempt to make the relative performance
+     * of the CPU, GPU, and other subsystems match typical usage, even if the
+     * frequencies have to be reduced to provide sustainability.
+     *
+     * To calibrate this mode, follow these steps:
+     *
+     * 1) Build and push the HWUI macrobench as described in
+     *    //frameworks/base/libs/hwui/tests/macrobench/how_to_run.txt
+     * 2) Run the macrobench as follows:
+     *    while true; do \
+     *      adb shell /data/benchmarktest/hwuimacro/hwuimacro shadowgrid2 -c 200 -r 10; \
+     *    done
+     * 3) Determine a fixed set of device clocks such that the loop in (2) can
+     *    run for at least 10 minutes, starting from an idle device on a desk
+     *    at room temperature (roughly 22 Celsius), without hitting thermal
+     *    throttling.
+     * 4) After setting those clocks, set the system property
+     *    ro.power.fixed_performance_scale_factor to a value N, where N is the
+     *    number of times the loop from (2) runs during the 10 minute test
+     *    cycle. It is expected that in FIXED_PERFORMANCE mode, unless there is
+     *    thermal throttling, the loop will run N to N+1 times (inclusive).
+     *
+     * After calibrating this, while in FIXED_PERFORMANCE mode, the macrobench
+     * results obtained while running the loop in (2) should be consistent both
+     * within a given run and from the first run in the 10 minute window through
+     * the last run in the window.
+     */
+    FIXED_PERFORMANCE,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates VR Mode is activated or not. VR mode is intended
+     * to provide minimum guarantee for performance for the amount of time the
+     * device can sustain it.
+     */
+    VR,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates that an application has been launched.
+     */
+    LAUNCH,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates that the device is about to enter a period of
+     * expensive rendering.
+     */
+    EXPENSIVE_RENDERING,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates that the device is about entering/leaving
+     * interactive state. (that is, the system is awake and ready for
+     * interaction, often with UI devices such as display and touchscreen
+     * enabled) or non-interactive state (the
+     * system appears asleep, display usually turned off). The
+     * non-interactive state may be entered after a period of
+     * inactivity in order to conserve battery power during
+     * such inactive periods.
+     *
+     * Typical actions are to turn on or off devices and adjust
+     * cpufreq parameters. This function may also call the
+     * appropriate interfaces to allow the kernel to suspend the
+     * system to low-power sleep state when entering non-interactive
+     * state, and to disallow low-power suspend when the system is in
+     * interactive state. When low-power suspend state is allowed, the
+     * kernel may suspend the system whenever no wakelocks are held.
+     */
+    INTERACTIVE,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates the device is in device idle, externally known as doze.
+     * More details on:
+     * https://developer.android.com/training/monitoring-device-state/doze-standby
+     */
+    DEVICE_IDLE,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates that display is either off or still on but is optimized
+     * for low-power.
+     */
+    DISPLAY_INACTIVE,
+
+    /**
+     * Below hints are currently not sent in Android framework but OEM might choose to
+     * implement for power/perf optimizations.
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates that low latency audio is active.
+     */
+    AUDIO_STREAMING_LOW_LATENCY,
+
+    /**
+     * This hint indicates that camera secure stream is being started.
+     */
+    CAMERA_STREAMING_SECURE,
+
+    /**
+     * This hint indicates that camera low resolution stream is being started.
+     */
+    CAMERA_STREAMING_LOW,
+
+    /**
+     * This hint indicates that camera mid resolution stream is being started.
+     */
+    CAMERA_STREAMING_MID,
+
+    /**
+     * This hint indicates that camera high resolution stream is being started.
+     */
+    CAMERA_STREAMING_HIGH,
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/Android.bp b/power/aidl/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07cd368
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.power-service.example",
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    init_rc: ["power-default.rc"],
+    vintf_fragments: ["power-default.xml"],
+    vendor: true,
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "android.hardware.power-ndk_platform",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "main.cpp",
+        "Power.cpp",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/Power.cpp b/power/aidl/default/Power.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8610de3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/default/Power.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "Power.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+namespace aidl {
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace power {
+namespace impl {
+namespace example {
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Power::setMode(Mode type, bool enabled) {
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Power setMode: " << static_cast<int32_t>(type) << " to: " << enabled;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Power::isModeSupported(Mode type, bool* _aidl_return) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Power isModeSupported: " << static_cast<int32_t>(type);
+    *_aidl_return = false;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Power::setBoost(Boost type, int32_t durationMs) {
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Power setBoost: " << static_cast<int32_t>(type)
+                 << ", duration: " << durationMs;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Power::isBoostSupported(Boost type, bool* _aidl_return) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Power isBoostSupported: " << static_cast<int32_t>(type);
+    *_aidl_return = false;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+}  // namespace example
+}  // namespace impl
+}  // namespace power
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/Power.h b/power/aidl/default/Power.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7645aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/default/Power.h
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/power/BnPower.h>
+
+namespace aidl {
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace power {
+namespace impl {
+namespace example {
+
+class Power : public BnPower {
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setMode(Mode type, bool enabled) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus isModeSupported(Mode type, bool* _aidl_return) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setBoost(Boost type, int32_t durationMs) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus isBoostSupported(Boost type, bool* _aidl_return) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace example
+}  // namespace impl
+}  // namespace power
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/main.cpp b/power/aidl/default/main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..964bd96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/default/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "Power.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::power::impl::example::Power;
+
+int main() {
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(0);
+    std::shared_ptr<Power> vib = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<Power>();
+
+    const std::string instance = std::string() + Power::descriptor + "/default";
+    binder_status_t status = AServiceManager_addService(vib->asBinder().get(), instance.c_str());
+    CHECK(status == STATUS_OK);
+
+    ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;  // should not reach
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/power-default.rc b/power/aidl/default/power-default.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9efbc85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/default/power-default.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+service vendor.power-default /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.power-service.example
+    class hal
+    user nobody
+    group system
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/power-default.xml b/power/aidl/default/power-default.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..caf6ea2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/default/power-default.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<manifest version="1.0" type="device">
+    <hal format="aidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.power</name>
+        <fqname>IPower/default</fqname>
+    </hal>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/power/aidl/vts/Android.bp b/power/aidl/vts/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7726fd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/vts/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalPowerTargetTest",
+    defaults: [
+        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
+        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+    ],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.power-cpp",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/vts/VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp b/power/aidl/vts/VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..25a385e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/vts/VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#include <aidl/Gtest.h>
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <android/hardware/power/Boost.h>
+#include <android/hardware/power/IPower.h>
+#include <android/hardware/power/Mode.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
+
+#include <future>
+
+using android::ProcessState;
+using android::sp;
+using android::String16;
+using android::base::GetUintProperty;
+using android::binder::Status;
+using android::hardware::power::Boost;
+using android::hardware::power::IPower;
+using android::hardware::power::Mode;
+
+const std::vector<Boost> kBoosts{android::enum_range<Boost>().begin(),
+                                 android::enum_range<Boost>().end()};
+
+const std::vector<Mode> kModes{android::enum_range<Mode>().begin(),
+                               android::enum_range<Mode>().end()};
+
+const std::vector<Boost> kInvalidBoosts = {
+        static_cast<Boost>(static_cast<int32_t>(kBoosts.front()) - 1),
+        static_cast<Boost>(static_cast<int32_t>(kBoosts.back()) + 1),
+};
+
+const std::vector<Mode> kInvalidModes = {
+        static_cast<Mode>(static_cast<int32_t>(kModes.front()) - 1),
+        static_cast<Mode>(static_cast<int32_t>(kModes.back()) + 1),
+};
+
+class PowerAidl : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        power = android::waitForDeclaredService<IPower>(String16(GetParam().c_str()));
+        ASSERT_NE(power, nullptr);
+    }
+
+    sp<IPower> power;
+};
+
+TEST_P(PowerAidl, setMode) {
+    for (const auto& mode : kModes) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setMode(mode, true).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setMode(mode, false).isOk());
+    }
+    for (const auto& mode : kInvalidModes) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setMode(mode, true).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setMode(mode, false).isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(PowerAidl, isModeSupported) {
+    for (const auto& mode : kModes) {
+        bool supported;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->isModeSupported(mode, &supported).isOk());
+    }
+    for (const auto& mode : kInvalidModes) {
+        bool supported;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->isModeSupported(mode, &supported).isOk());
+        // Should return false for values outside enum
+        ASSERT_FALSE(supported);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(PowerAidl, setBoost) {
+    for (const auto& boost : kBoosts) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setBoost(boost, 0).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setBoost(boost, 1000).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setBoost(boost, -1).isOk());
+    }
+    for (const auto& boost : kInvalidBoosts) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setBoost(boost, 0).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setBoost(boost, 1000).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setBoost(boost, -1).isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(PowerAidl, isBoostSupported) {
+    for (const auto& boost : kBoosts) {
+        bool supported;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->isBoostSupported(boost, &supported).isOk());
+    }
+    for (const auto& boost : kInvalidBoosts) {
+        bool supported;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->isBoostSupported(boost, &supported).isOk());
+        // Should return false for values outside enum
+        ASSERT_FALSE(supported);
+    }
+}
+
+// FIXED_PERFORMANCE mode is required for all devices which ship on Android 11
+// or later
+TEST_P(PowerAidl, hasFixedPerformance) {
+    auto apiLevel = GetUintProperty<uint64_t>("ro.product.first_api_level", 0);
+    if (apiLevel == 0) {
+        apiLevel = GetUintProperty<uint64_t>("ro.build.version.sdk", 0);
+    }
+    ASSERT_NE(apiLevel, 0);
+
+    if (apiLevel >= 30) {
+        bool supported;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->isModeSupported(Mode::FIXED_PERFORMANCE, &supported).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(supported);
+    }
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Power, PowerAidl,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IPower::descriptor)),
+                         android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    ProcessState::self()->setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(1);
+    ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool();
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/prebuilt_hashes/26.txt b/prebuilt_hashes/26.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index f2feb4c..0000000
--- a/prebuilt_hashes/26.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,186 +0,0 @@
-# Do not change this file except to add new interfaces. Changing
-# pre-existing interfaces will fail VTS and break framework-only OTAs
-
-# HALs released in Android O
-
-f219c3b5b8c6cb1d659d4c7328f67246abfe1a8613f469826fd3b9ad090417a2 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IDevice
-4d579cae1cd87a783fd49233e10ce720ba183cfd1d5ccd80149e69de5c1c7362 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IDevicesFactory
-203e23f18011390b8cd10c303e0c16c4eebc8fa187e80e40d6be4624c2b0848a android.hardware.audio@2.0::IPrimaryDevice
-aaf93123deec336eb247ad8099849469a541ca0cf7c28c5f5336cebe1ee86748 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IStream
-0468c5723b0d44c5b451bdfa06153000c6f352fd3336e0ad2697127b04b766df android.hardware.audio@2.0::IStreamIn
-7296f7064fd3ab24082b43a1da34cc876268065310b785499fba5178d063680a android.hardware.audio@2.0::IStreamOut
-19d241d71c3e1140afba8140dcb57448446025a5fc03739788c4c25e9a98b6c2 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IStreamOutCallback
-c84da9f586087227daa3b96d42b4575326bccfd5bc8a2a5acf86d774f8ea2648 android.hardware.audio@2.0::types
-1305786c06e22b9b24ebde136054cc827b63c86d8bf4a136d6f7f54752b8566b android.hardware.audio.common@2.0::types
-fa8fbae3d1da3c264e4f3110728076abc09b4e65f12af6ae136367328de988ab android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IAcousticEchoCancelerEffect
-ca4752545d54547ff069eae161af7550cb5f5a7e8b60316ddd132a30906a68e7 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IAutomaticGainControlEffect
-d2b8af988dc66f514d886bcee44b440d8034bc2a762f7161717ef3c956073067 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IBassBoostEffect
-611bc09c75e796f3512b1ca6be508b0a9ba996759b8a2c60507784ff58076229 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IDownmixEffect
-36a57369dfdc75180e8b64ae80b1970db8f6d9085dbff6ca931715038cc056e1 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEffect
-d2aa2df6d189c580f5be8460fa0ff4134d9c05a383f3204659baee426a6f0edf android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEffectBufferProviderCallback
-217f9161983a48d3bf3faeb158f868aa8bf0ce25889e4ee3d2bab1a2e8d33e77 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEffectsFactory
-c2b38bc07991e880c83ca8cb88181411eeef708b8b936aedd2f2e0acade7df69 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEnvironmentalReverbEffect
-2ff9f9704be5f167745b4de790e9dafc3cc4719e2f6e2e5497085e679853cfe7 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEqualizerEffect
-c31447fb02dbc8b56c359941dad22f416511860173c5c5fd278d1bf2312b13de android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::ILoudnessEnhancerEffect
-804831ca258802eb3eb65a0a7b5d5e3d37d4a15ba8c2836b4276eda98b47e1d0 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::INoiseSuppressionEffect
-778fd5b9837f481d8e47425b3e2a3bd0c6362a0b6870291518e2d863530fdb61 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IPresetReverbEffect
-c93cb25a1a92d07aa80a617c01e8d22fc97bf8cefd3962b6a5be386ad4704d89 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IVirtualizerEffect
-918f331780c9c7b04f2151a2e563aab088198ede8e6f865302ebaa13905bd9ce android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IVisualizerEffect
-4caad099f8fc00262b6c03ba41271808b37cea90ac98b534299bbf4ee823af02 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::types
-# android.hardware.automotive.* are unfrozen
-1fbdc1f852f8bd2e4a6c5cb30ac2b78668c98dce118a61762d4034ae859f43d8 android.hardware.biometrics.fingerprint@2.1::IBiometricsFingerprint
-aabb5c3c585592d71ee57b77298c14993d77914ddeaa64b2c5109a602b02ea47 android.hardware.biometrics.fingerprint@2.1::IBiometricsFingerprintClientCallback
-1ec60d4efddae9a7b2469278a576967b4751e88de5b8d7e9df6eff6bc0da7bc9 android.hardware.biometrics.fingerprint@2.1::types
-347ce746815607567f5f3b53e4800998ca5ab9355141f0880fc0cf0c1fc5c355 android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0::IBluetoothHci
-835f41be2281bfb22f3e33c6fa870bde7bc21e37e5cfbaf9a36fff170632f754 android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0::IBluetoothHciCallbacks
-a8dfd0dbe463a3cdbcf1d985b38a28b3d93ba2ae5a1d1db4aaef4c38a5781b91 android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0::types
-7192d756aeba00aba32f4504981df8172ffca83e210c4838dabf295e53e93590 android.hardware.boot@1.0::IBootControl
-cebaa803b8e33807a0d69f46652b650ccb549e8f9b19d6becbbf26690e828b49 android.hardware.boot@1.0::types
-a98d49f23712a7cc327d1e0602d05f6f3ad32cfb5c74711d009c726611ee1c93 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::IBroadcastRadio
-ed82579c0c165feaa12d0e33c06b3342ab41ec0a439247f202775e8369e46ef6 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::IBroadcastRadioFactory
-da6ab32ee2793d2c86d3b603075d5383852b89d7eaa201861aa0473d418f3c7f android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::ITuner
-04d3ca022e25c308d9efd2e7eb77b3a7a206907cdc1b9ea9326340b377868172 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::ITunerCallback
-bd42c8d7838cfed1998b49c39745dec116d2d6edc2c11a4c0399b8f3a1d1655a android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::types
-81164323115d6588e259e8319fddf7487adfa1f49ce60f7e80ba74e0783392a4 android.hardware.camera.common@1.0::types
-c1705e9d62438a1d955269965af915ae28e692bd480a3b1ce67056fef992d62f android.hardware.camera.device@1.0::ICameraDevice
-78e9b44cf8660bdc1e98dca07451804153824efcd28db208a62f5ad728f44076 android.hardware.camera.device@1.0::ICameraDeviceCallback
-28f0386ba86ddf41e53a8117b48a0328d7a4d2574213e89f4a1062398a244566 android.hardware.camera.device@1.0::ICameraDevicePreviewCallback
-4db48439ce9dde97f1cfb3d7408f6c737f621ac0f7494aeea35ed599bc2352a3 android.hardware.camera.device@1.0::types
-b32f9aeaf1c442195eb06ffc7600968c919d005b2718874f09c57287fae55918 android.hardware.camera.device@3.2::ICameraDevice
-63bfc3da0f2d2301f7a0508c7c2b9ffc521d4d545ee03718da70e9d6273b3b21 android.hardware.camera.device@3.2::ICameraDeviceCallback
-0fa3e1e64819283b8737fc4e5ab759f0cb4ac1a996e8a51cc4aa8025a457208e android.hardware.camera.device@3.2::ICameraDeviceSession
-030be3d2b159cbde7920485807140f6b6064ef4a5de4a40a6c4bc8d2c72f7cd3 android.hardware.camera.device@3.2::types
-5ba7947cee515d7a2359bfcbfb9678c1c3a768c288471919ac095b96ae6f3d40 android.hardware.camera.metadata@3.2::types
-f7e299d85033ac52d1095a35784fcfeaff43603f58c751e4153c85bbade3b330 android.hardware.camera.provider@2.4::ICameraProvider
-a501ca1aecd09f1b9fd70a9af84205430dbd49a808e8fa395d363b9902e6f58c android.hardware.camera.provider@2.4::ICameraProviderCallback
-7f5fe8f4f8a24037153c504d8b4d3313c2ce33d81c8c69fe5194ddd2d4080e72 android.hardware.configstore@1.0::ISurfaceFlingerConfigs
-87beacc481897cf02fb1628d75e68133de6d74d4cffe582cda2f5e16bdd74516 android.hardware.configstore@1.0::types
-a5ae0fe8667f0b1af09b13e72d29600f4eb3853b257079c45a99b6f4a3360649 android.hardware.contexthub@1.0::IContexthub
-2ab3054c2d9302d8417ee7495353a2887fe338f913276f2eb41e80f11395ec2e android.hardware.contexthub@1.0::IContexthubCallback
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-df174c1871c864b4c79ca9f64aae7936d24a272eca3191a30458ca2b706dec79 android.hardware.drm@1.0::ICryptoFactory
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-4238d62ad90df63aa338c6f1b6264c09c5a3706945d5c49d1189c0be1dc9e942 android.hardware.drm@1.0::types
-f07b1ee3ba11a2fc9f200421b2e1afb7c1854ee987000e45c987fb9507795055 android.hardware.dumpstate@1.0::IDumpstateDevice
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-37c7da4f823ec958dfa9c960e2d341c48f877e0bfa758f3fa9e2d9c1e1bd66d9 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IAGnss
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-3cd22d92cc1f935150c5048310e84886f14eed2556e8f00636733d204045cc4f android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssCallback
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-e6dd0c8416e523ab9cbd14d56ab6f016481a8aef3bc8a750051122d31075f6c7 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssGeofenceCallback
-f90e4ddc652706299d8e3d8ba18e0745c3bae9bf4d1be6bd06d9c1f50ec8d28a android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssGeofencing
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-cf20492673d6a423e4c2e87fdfb5a4c4a602431721978db852e246f258e25edb android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssMeasurementCallback
-af85aa0f48ae99a39f4688c344e4419304f681f9af818a5c8d759286fc4418de android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNavigationMessage
-76b0874ea4c06b29f66418c59820f4286b3be9629cd872923d0dfbb602cd432d android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNavigationMessageCallback
-248bcf51da4273d64f367bf6877baef2feeaca365459842fd3c214a2dc6e0224 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNi
-c781b7b125f68be5db8a8c3d412d526acdbdf77dcc592a4c0ed70b8ce4fe6c49 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNiCallback
-c1142657de16fdb292a502372fe938614d65270ab8359217d6e13604fe4dbca4 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssXtra
-bd366b83d8d565d0e8bfabff3adfcab0259d75b4e2a9f8e1b91e11d1593a2ffb android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssXtraCallback
-881bc2f94026784d194cffbff166c6e8bf911de4e02abe96fc7d89ec75b0574a android.hardware.gnss@1.0::types
-17971eb8a482893dadcfc16e0583f492d42a034ef95d9b0b709417af30838396 android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0::IAllocator
-60bf42a4898e4fb70dbd720b263aeafd7f35f5e1a5effeabb4d5d659878a5f18 android.hardware.graphics.bufferqueue@1.0::IGraphicBufferProducer
-b8a75617b9ec12bea641f3a73d4025a33e8b9a2f9169dd46094af56adf9249c5 android.hardware.graphics.bufferqueue@1.0::IProducerListener
-4f6dedbcdd21c309dfc650acea81a096d6b242493ffe49c8d61bd3c43aad354e android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0::types
-b3aac6c3817f039964fcd62268274b3039e17bd7d0d5b40b4d1d1c7b19a1f866 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposer
-b19d00eb8a8b3b0034a0321f22e8f32162bf4c2aebbce6da22c025f56e459ea2 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposerCallback
-61ee43ffe6fb6dbe8b22dc17c51ff3d5ba703fc6029cba211f901f3d79c8a72d android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposerClient
-1c98c2f5154345312ec054871792a2982ec5f3e2bc2abfb61a10c0b517978e20 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::types
-a695898589e1ef15b2b2510f11edd6aafac9918d9cf8d74b4b6143b309dee542 android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0::IMapper
-28507d385a3dd224bf3c32f1bfd9f96092c4701b9c1cc66caa578fc3efc97877 android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0::types
-91e2ba3805c923f01fc1231ec9ff838942aee3346f2d7614ecc0caeadbe57ed4 android.hardware.health@1.0::IHealth
-1275aa2e8732909101b26aec49ed2285489e89d97b8610a8908b7868e35a3cc5 android.hardware.health@1.0::types
-3a8d3922e06e6d4f8e0befc6be78d0e9e07aed1585b3da6521bed406d25a9483 android.hardware.ir@1.0::IConsumerIr
-7090bd37912fcf723a12f4bc17783e3527577c4944805a028c296fd7a95bd682 android.hardware.ir@1.0::types
-cc7925a78c0ab022515f48840d3dae76f384ed3a1287abadcb461a5cd5396163 android.hardware.keymaster@3.0::IKeymasterDevice
-822998d7bb76f0cd719a409291434fcb56e6d50bc4780788bb157a3374d63b8c android.hardware.keymaster@3.0::types
-d4ed2f0e14f9e914d0b1275d2e0363192fe30aca9059c84edb5fad15995f9ec4 android.hardware.light@2.0::ILight
-d9584bfcaedd6e62cf337881748246b23e36cbc2bc3aa84c01b6a1e622061400 android.hardware.light@2.0::types
-16c0cf0f73de1e5208a95020c6c6474903e7094f76b2d782651afaca0e5fd86f android.hardware.media@1.0::types
-8bc2f5fdcad68856eb61a62fe4cc043fa064bb7f1dab95a71d1918ec1eef7b55 android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IGraphicBufferSource
-0d3de9cd89d4718ea3b772f2d8b93be004feb3abb7e7dc5402e37047cc730d05 android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmx
-32002e1c358c64de106c977a6dc6af7da27be4803a5bb66fd6f891a5ba0a1617 android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmxBufferSource
-81ad8d8bb1cf6f41923cf11dd39354a8fe433db284a234cc675de7e75a82224c android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmxNode
-494c0c8bf6065edc82ec127228ed19dd2243dc1c2f7d601c7c6be7b7015c1713 android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmxObserver
-252c2fc50c78fd6de8365e5b60e5115119ace107db0b94b0b26815cbf3d2b64a android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmxStore
-148c1b50b0958988373145ffdf5fa0e1b6534e0a2034a570e74b15c127cf7c5e android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::types
-c66902fe48d687ac6740a3e32ae55fb75532c48c36c6386461c2b4416ad2e0f1 android.hardware.memtrack@1.0::IMemtrack
-860bacd8b11a269c40567542b613fe4ca448d5cb4326d0058899e608e89dfca1 android.hardware.memtrack@1.0::types
-07ac2dc95270321ec7d4c33cd25e5085a057f47fe350d645af6f7a7a11e3cf57 android.hardware.nfc@1.0::INfc
-f2fe54426c07d67388d4774a60641ad4c0538f22eb6e1111722f231772655de6 android.hardware.nfc@1.0::INfcClientCallback
-9626fd18db113d709faf593a70caf19bd0980294d23c468c80c30186f9d298a6 android.hardware.nfc@1.0::types
-deee1dc4948f33af207e1008aba0f6cc07afb7900eab53f33192c8cac137eefc android.hardware.power@1.0::IPower
-efc83df3f962b93c7c0290d691d7d300dabe12683e2cde3591fb3c0beedce20f android.hardware.power@1.0::types
-9b5aa499ec3b4226f15f48f5ed08896e2fc0676f978c9e199c1da21daaf002a6 android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadio
-5c8efbb9c451a59737ed2c6c20230aae4745839ca01d8088d6dcc9020e52d2c5 android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioIndication
-69f6b4b8ec40ca02ccc7bb8227a097135c20c00bd94c822e421cd9af1267252c android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse
-de3ab9f73b1073cd677b19d886fb927e9381b30161a704712d2b30f875873f5c android.hardware.radio@1.0::ISap
-d183e406ef0897df2117a9dde384e8e6ea4fa6ab1c7f6f28e65b87011218c9ea android.hardware.radio@1.0::ISapCallback
-96986fbd22f0e6ca752e1fcdc0a64bda213995a81f5f36bc4faf3532d9306b97 android.hardware.radio@1.0::types
-00f70085d6fae1d482fb700a3fd42ed475384c95b51c9269b9ae5037b74ad4dd android.hardware.radio.deprecated@1.0::IOemHook
-06837b6d7e843cfa9cd20fed4070feca7a9b5c81a9ed643bf7d06803455a9816 android.hardware.radio.deprecated@1.0::IOemHookIndication
-6fd4874f0eddd4626a27658fd94fad526c317f3563439e79718bdb1a3a2309d5 android.hardware.radio.deprecated@1.0::IOemHookResponse
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-fc6f325b266b32353f7d1534fbe58e0d368265a12b77fa396fb556e8c443f739 android.hardware.renderscript@1.0::types
-89585ff541c319de4091a5a0b687dd526ac81c6382ffd7b979a4164b3d7419a6 android.hardware.sensors@1.0::ISensors
-e04ab978fc28f4c515f4a75617dfda8607733a64f13666beeb0e604a07a39333 android.hardware.sensors@1.0::types
-5befc019cbe94953661e2cdb95e3cf64f5e565c29403e1c2daecc2be44e0a55c android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::ISoundTriggerHw
-d7ec5f612a5e0a59ea4f2b61317e208ff56dd50920fd4eb441e0cbc8f97e4f49 android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::ISoundTriggerHwCallback
-5bee9e70f7e5ec7ee252883b28f98f12b59960f4c2a0b4cc9a4526e4669ebcd4 android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::types
-97f1ec446043bc5a6645b74529a6276496bdb35e0aee41eda55cb92d51eb7802 android.hardware.thermal@1.0::IThermal
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-938850621c3c5ef426a4b88e752ba99b3559037e782a3d938604f3aef5cc0f1b android.hardware.tv.cec@1.0::IHdmiCec
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-dee83e5c864fbbee8f02448d0800be32f06856386b9f907bc5d952208c9434f9 android.hardware.tv.input@1.0::ITvInputCallback
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-4ef57499273f38bdbdd0c15e56ee7a4bc5f18a5644092170a531df3541d9e015 android.hardware.usb@1.0::IUsb
-4be7881e411ba42784bf5b7354c14ae0cf161004d39433aaecaab0d19ea99354 android.hardware.usb@1.0::IUsbCallback
-f7e6e747910a3cd0a35846141e3b990a6a612a297b2b70ccd5740b646a450a8c android.hardware.usb@1.0::types
-06ea64cc3565777f3b259e400ffa7100d07f3827ad9357b0c5d3c651384e5553 android.hardware.vibrator@1.0::IVibrator
-0fecd34ae64f32eff6aa615fd662349242c0b8b6e303ef05a7cb5776c732f413 android.hardware.vibrator@1.0::types
-4b962968a7df4ab104d1315d66a0a7348a713fecbb5d2c1b23688494458f37ce android.hardware.vr@1.0::IVr
-b9be36719a8ad534000a51ea07be91be94c405bf1e038ae825acf65087ffd378 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifi
-ee0224ee18813506d9d6f13d8c8e4679f053c290a443a52a7c52a5d3c852262b android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiApIface
-f3eecc489deb4c74892f59eb7adb769063bd5c354ac132b626a5f42b363d36bc android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiChip
-a1b988377645a58e5e2542ca2bad4e17c21a4a389213d05de2f0e32d57b7d339 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiChipEventCallback
-5ed6760ce77e84bc6c49d1acb3f7d8117c9176b3f06514bc44ad3af84c80dcfe android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiEventCallback
-6b9ad43a5efbe6ca214f751e22ce43cf5cd4d5d5f2cba80f24ccd3755a72401c android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiIface
-ba5aa74f1ba714f0093864227923492808795bda6199c4ea0891322d27f8c931 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiNanIface
-325c94f3e1a565b56bbc74faddbd0ba7cb824f263dccf9dfff2daf62b86ed774 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiNanIfaceEventCallback
-c2c3f0372b41780fb6dfe83c022296806c2024d7046682fd201de5aa9b791c7a android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiP2pIface
-766e9765f5c9c759b2a763c2288353fb5deff3389c2cc28f81d79c939704ce8b android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiRttController
-72ab6f3e120cbf07aa6f8e87ca89112bdeb36b7fbb96bce5af3712323ab8b8e6 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiRttControllerEventCallback
-3b8093d39ef1e10e43c5538afbf5ff6e39b8d8168ebbe1998d993e89e25f14a5 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiStaIface
-7fbfc551c3e23c8b4398c3e16e452b516457e6921424a53474cbf373ca306fa9 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiStaIfaceEventCallback
-e20d5132d6d23e072c15de065b5e2aa13ff965031246a2c82581732bae56bf6d android.hardware.wifi@1.0::types
-f7e55c08187d8c855068a1ee3d0c8daeee7570292d96509c21a8756d4f5cfb9b android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicant
-56b5c7267cb3d3337f44eb8b0b38ff4c6260dcc70e07687fcab94b1ccea8d159 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantCallback
-35ba7bcdf18f24a866a7e5429548f06768bb20a257f75b10a397c4d825ef8438 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantIface
-cda01008c06922fa37c1213e9bb831a109b3174532805616fb7161edc403866f android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantNetwork
-4907410338c5e8dbeec4b5edc2608ea323f5561945f8810af81810c47b019184 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantP2pIface
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-56128f74560571b6777d59453f35c6b35693ee377e2a23c807708906928f09de android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantP2pNetwork
-2067c22197bca9743dab66a6f561a8a8375c67b4f76aed05f776839499bd4c8f android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantP2pNetworkCallback
-7752e1de93aaf5fed37011c219ac247069f6af320b0810daa98510584a10e7b4 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantStaIface
-d781c8d7e7b3fe5cca8cf6e1d8806e770982ae5358c7816ed51b0f0ec272e70d android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantStaIfaceCallback
-b12ef0bdd8a4d247a8a6e960b227ed32383f2b0241f55d67fcea6eff6a6737fa android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantStaNetwork
-d8f0877ae1d321c1d884c7631dfe36cab0ec8a4b2863d4b687f85d3549a63bcc android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantStaNetworkCallback
-fe3c3c2f572b72f15f8594c538b0577bd5c28722c31879cfe6231330cddb6747 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::types
-
-# ABI preserving changes to HALs released in Android O
-
-78589343d8ee2e1b155acad3fbdc7fcbb6af94491aee968b2383c21627264f8b android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse
-c2c50ec74c87a583c683b4493f8f9f2e454a8d41c57af5b3eb88823a999f0ea4 android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse
diff --git a/prebuilt_hashes/27.txt b/prebuilt_hashes/27.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 23f2004..0000000
--- a/prebuilt_hashes/27.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,249 +0,0 @@
-# Do not change this file except to add new interfaces. Changing
-# pre-existing interfaces will fail VTS and break framework-only OTAs
-
-# HALs released in Android O
-
-f219c3b5b8c6cb1d659d4c7328f67246abfe1a8613f469826fd3b9ad090417a2 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IDevice
-4d579cae1cd87a783fd49233e10ce720ba183cfd1d5ccd80149e69de5c1c7362 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IDevicesFactory
-203e23f18011390b8cd10c303e0c16c4eebc8fa187e80e40d6be4624c2b0848a android.hardware.audio@2.0::IPrimaryDevice
-aaf93123deec336eb247ad8099849469a541ca0cf7c28c5f5336cebe1ee86748 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IStream
-0468c5723b0d44c5b451bdfa06153000c6f352fd3336e0ad2697127b04b766df android.hardware.audio@2.0::IStreamIn
-7296f7064fd3ab24082b43a1da34cc876268065310b785499fba5178d063680a android.hardware.audio@2.0::IStreamOut
-19d241d71c3e1140afba8140dcb57448446025a5fc03739788c4c25e9a98b6c2 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IStreamOutCallback
-c84da9f586087227daa3b96d42b4575326bccfd5bc8a2a5acf86d774f8ea2648 android.hardware.audio@2.0::types
-1305786c06e22b9b24ebde136054cc827b63c86d8bf4a136d6f7f54752b8566b android.hardware.audio.common@2.0::types
-fa8fbae3d1da3c264e4f3110728076abc09b4e65f12af6ae136367328de988ab android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IAcousticEchoCancelerEffect
-ca4752545d54547ff069eae161af7550cb5f5a7e8b60316ddd132a30906a68e7 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IAutomaticGainControlEffect
-d2b8af988dc66f514d886bcee44b440d8034bc2a762f7161717ef3c956073067 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IBassBoostEffect
-611bc09c75e796f3512b1ca6be508b0a9ba996759b8a2c60507784ff58076229 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IDownmixEffect
-36a57369dfdc75180e8b64ae80b1970db8f6d9085dbff6ca931715038cc056e1 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEffect
-d2aa2df6d189c580f5be8460fa0ff4134d9c05a383f3204659baee426a6f0edf android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEffectBufferProviderCallback
-217f9161983a48d3bf3faeb158f868aa8bf0ce25889e4ee3d2bab1a2e8d33e77 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEffectsFactory
-c2b38bc07991e880c83ca8cb88181411eeef708b8b936aedd2f2e0acade7df69 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEnvironmentalReverbEffect
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-4caad099f8fc00262b6c03ba41271808b37cea90ac98b534299bbf4ee823af02 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::types
-# android.hardware.automotive.* are unfrozen
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-347ce746815607567f5f3b53e4800998ca5ab9355141f0880fc0cf0c1fc5c355 android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0::IBluetoothHci
-835f41be2281bfb22f3e33c6fa870bde7bc21e37e5cfbaf9a36fff170632f754 android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0::IBluetoothHciCallbacks
-a8dfd0dbe463a3cdbcf1d985b38a28b3d93ba2ae5a1d1db4aaef4c38a5781b91 android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0::types
-7192d756aeba00aba32f4504981df8172ffca83e210c4838dabf295e53e93590 android.hardware.boot@1.0::IBootControl
-cebaa803b8e33807a0d69f46652b650ccb549e8f9b19d6becbbf26690e828b49 android.hardware.boot@1.0::types
-a98d49f23712a7cc327d1e0602d05f6f3ad32cfb5c74711d009c726611ee1c93 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::IBroadcastRadio
-ed82579c0c165feaa12d0e33c06b3342ab41ec0a439247f202775e8369e46ef6 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::IBroadcastRadioFactory
-da6ab32ee2793d2c86d3b603075d5383852b89d7eaa201861aa0473d418f3c7f android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::ITuner
-04d3ca022e25c308d9efd2e7eb77b3a7a206907cdc1b9ea9326340b377868172 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::ITunerCallback
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-81164323115d6588e259e8319fddf7487adfa1f49ce60f7e80ba74e0783392a4 android.hardware.camera.common@1.0::types
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-4db48439ce9dde97f1cfb3d7408f6c737f621ac0f7494aeea35ed599bc2352a3 android.hardware.camera.device@1.0::types
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-030be3d2b159cbde7920485807140f6b6064ef4a5de4a40a6c4bc8d2c72f7cd3 android.hardware.camera.device@3.2::types
-5ba7947cee515d7a2359bfcbfb9678c1c3a768c288471919ac095b96ae6f3d40 android.hardware.camera.metadata@3.2::types
-f7e299d85033ac52d1095a35784fcfeaff43603f58c751e4153c85bbade3b330 android.hardware.camera.provider@2.4::ICameraProvider
-a501ca1aecd09f1b9fd70a9af84205430dbd49a808e8fa395d363b9902e6f58c android.hardware.camera.provider@2.4::ICameraProviderCallback
-7f5fe8f4f8a24037153c504d8b4d3313c2ce33d81c8c69fe5194ddd2d4080e72 android.hardware.configstore@1.0::ISurfaceFlingerConfigs
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-df174c1871c864b4c79ca9f64aae7936d24a272eca3191a30458ca2b706dec79 android.hardware.drm@1.0::ICryptoFactory
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-5ac7edad06d76064b882be161f3f9d9692a997ec72e9f36addb7fe8918f49992 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnss
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-3cd22d92cc1f935150c5048310e84886f14eed2556e8f00636733d204045cc4f android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssCallback
-175185a5eda87476193ca5461df75dd16d36664591e8130530dd8ef0eb2ddf6a android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssConfiguration
-4542122b96fbf27101cb8222bafb76e7c8d032d977dd1058edd8e5881ca5752f android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssDebug
-e6dd0c8416e523ab9cbd14d56ab6f016481a8aef3bc8a750051122d31075f6c7 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssGeofenceCallback
-f90e4ddc652706299d8e3d8ba18e0745c3bae9bf4d1be6bd06d9c1f50ec8d28a android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssGeofencing
-9ea8987bb1089c8c5d7b67866575b866ef516045021d9efcc37c6352bce072a3 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssMeasurement
-cf20492673d6a423e4c2e87fdfb5a4c4a602431721978db852e246f258e25edb android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssMeasurementCallback
-af85aa0f48ae99a39f4688c344e4419304f681f9af818a5c8d759286fc4418de android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNavigationMessage
-76b0874ea4c06b29f66418c59820f4286b3be9629cd872923d0dfbb602cd432d android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNavigationMessageCallback
-248bcf51da4273d64f367bf6877baef2feeaca365459842fd3c214a2dc6e0224 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNi
-c781b7b125f68be5db8a8c3d412d526acdbdf77dcc592a4c0ed70b8ce4fe6c49 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNiCallback
-c1142657de16fdb292a502372fe938614d65270ab8359217d6e13604fe4dbca4 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssXtra
-bd366b83d8d565d0e8bfabff3adfcab0259d75b4e2a9f8e1b91e11d1593a2ffb android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssXtraCallback
-881bc2f94026784d194cffbff166c6e8bf911de4e02abe96fc7d89ec75b0574a android.hardware.gnss@1.0::types
-17971eb8a482893dadcfc16e0583f492d42a034ef95d9b0b709417af30838396 android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0::IAllocator
-60bf42a4898e4fb70dbd720b263aeafd7f35f5e1a5effeabb4d5d659878a5f18 android.hardware.graphics.bufferqueue@1.0::IGraphicBufferProducer
-b8a75617b9ec12bea641f3a73d4025a33e8b9a2f9169dd46094af56adf9249c5 android.hardware.graphics.bufferqueue@1.0::IProducerListener
-4f6dedbcdd21c309dfc650acea81a096d6b242493ffe49c8d61bd3c43aad354e android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0::types
-b3aac6c3817f039964fcd62268274b3039e17bd7d0d5b40b4d1d1c7b19a1f866 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposer
-b19d00eb8a8b3b0034a0321f22e8f32162bf4c2aebbce6da22c025f56e459ea2 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposerCallback
-61ee43ffe6fb6dbe8b22dc17c51ff3d5ba703fc6029cba211f901f3d79c8a72d android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposerClient
-1c98c2f5154345312ec054871792a2982ec5f3e2bc2abfb61a10c0b517978e20 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::types
-a695898589e1ef15b2b2510f11edd6aafac9918d9cf8d74b4b6143b309dee542 android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0::IMapper
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-91e2ba3805c923f01fc1231ec9ff838942aee3346f2d7614ecc0caeadbe57ed4 android.hardware.health@1.0::IHealth
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-3a8d3922e06e6d4f8e0befc6be78d0e9e07aed1585b3da6521bed406d25a9483 android.hardware.ir@1.0::IConsumerIr
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-16c0cf0f73de1e5208a95020c6c6474903e7094f76b2d782651afaca0e5fd86f android.hardware.media@1.0::types
-8bc2f5fdcad68856eb61a62fe4cc043fa064bb7f1dab95a71d1918ec1eef7b55 android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IGraphicBufferSource
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-07ac2dc95270321ec7d4c33cd25e5085a057f47fe350d645af6f7a7a11e3cf57 android.hardware.nfc@1.0::INfc
-f2fe54426c07d67388d4774a60641ad4c0538f22eb6e1111722f231772655de6 android.hardware.nfc@1.0::INfcClientCallback
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-deee1dc4948f33af207e1008aba0f6cc07afb7900eab53f33192c8cac137eefc android.hardware.power@1.0::IPower
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-9b5aa499ec3b4226f15f48f5ed08896e2fc0676f978c9e199c1da21daaf002a6 android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadio
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-89585ff541c319de4091a5a0b687dd526ac81c6382ffd7b979a4164b3d7419a6 android.hardware.sensors@1.0::ISensors
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-5befc019cbe94953661e2cdb95e3cf64f5e565c29403e1c2daecc2be44e0a55c android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::ISoundTriggerHw
-d7ec5f612a5e0a59ea4f2b61317e208ff56dd50920fd4eb441e0cbc8f97e4f49 android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::ISoundTriggerHwCallback
-5bee9e70f7e5ec7ee252883b28f98f12b59960f4c2a0b4cc9a4526e4669ebcd4 android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::types
-97f1ec446043bc5a6645b74529a6276496bdb35e0aee41eda55cb92d51eb7802 android.hardware.thermal@1.0::IThermal
-84965a6908bceb4ef51546bf8731f309f1ea9d09a0177dcc7974132e523dd6d2 android.hardware.thermal@1.0::types
-938850621c3c5ef426a4b88e752ba99b3559037e782a3d938604f3aef5cc0f1b android.hardware.tv.cec@1.0::IHdmiCec
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-4ef57499273f38bdbdd0c15e56ee7a4bc5f18a5644092170a531df3541d9e015 android.hardware.usb@1.0::IUsb
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-a1b988377645a58e5e2542ca2bad4e17c21a4a389213d05de2f0e32d57b7d339 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiChipEventCallback
-5ed6760ce77e84bc6c49d1acb3f7d8117c9176b3f06514bc44ad3af84c80dcfe android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiEventCallback
-6b9ad43a5efbe6ca214f751e22ce43cf5cd4d5d5f2cba80f24ccd3755a72401c android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiIface
-ba5aa74f1ba714f0093864227923492808795bda6199c4ea0891322d27f8c931 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiNanIface
-325c94f3e1a565b56bbc74faddbd0ba7cb824f263dccf9dfff2daf62b86ed774 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiNanIfaceEventCallback
-c2c3f0372b41780fb6dfe83c022296806c2024d7046682fd201de5aa9b791c7a android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiP2pIface
-766e9765f5c9c759b2a763c2288353fb5deff3389c2cc28f81d79c939704ce8b android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiRttController
-72ab6f3e120cbf07aa6f8e87ca89112bdeb36b7fbb96bce5af3712323ab8b8e6 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiRttControllerEventCallback
-3b8093d39ef1e10e43c5538afbf5ff6e39b8d8168ebbe1998d993e89e25f14a5 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiStaIface
-7fbfc551c3e23c8b4398c3e16e452b516457e6921424a53474cbf373ca306fa9 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiStaIfaceEventCallback
-e20d5132d6d23e072c15de065b5e2aa13ff965031246a2c82581732bae56bf6d android.hardware.wifi@1.0::types
-f7e55c08187d8c855068a1ee3d0c8daeee7570292d96509c21a8756d4f5cfb9b android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicant
-56b5c7267cb3d3337f44eb8b0b38ff4c6260dcc70e07687fcab94b1ccea8d159 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantCallback
-35ba7bcdf18f24a866a7e5429548f06768bb20a257f75b10a397c4d825ef8438 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantIface
-cda01008c06922fa37c1213e9bb831a109b3174532805616fb7161edc403866f android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantNetwork
-4907410338c5e8dbeec4b5edc2608ea323f5561945f8810af81810c47b019184 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantP2pIface
-8b63f5efa2e3be3a7cb8a428760d82285a4ab79bcbdea6ef90aa547555e582d4 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantP2pIfaceCallback
-56128f74560571b6777d59453f35c6b35693ee377e2a23c807708906928f09de android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantP2pNetwork
-2067c22197bca9743dab66a6f561a8a8375c67b4f76aed05f776839499bd4c8f android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantP2pNetworkCallback
-7752e1de93aaf5fed37011c219ac247069f6af320b0810daa98510584a10e7b4 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantStaIface
-d781c8d7e7b3fe5cca8cf6e1d8806e770982ae5358c7816ed51b0f0ec272e70d android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantStaIfaceCallback
-b12ef0bdd8a4d247a8a6e960b227ed32383f2b0241f55d67fcea6eff6a6737fa android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantStaNetwork
-d8f0877ae1d321c1d884c7631dfe36cab0ec8a4b2863d4b687f85d3549a63bcc android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantStaNetworkCallback
-fe3c3c2f572b72f15f8594c538b0577bd5c28722c31879cfe6231330cddb6747 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::types
-
-# ABI preserving changes to HALs during Android O MR1 (Initial Set)
-
-# android.hardware.automotive.* are unfrozen
-150a338ce11fcec70757c9675d83cf6a5d7b40d0c812741b91671fecce59eac9 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::types
-dc7e6d4f537b9943e27edc4f86c5a03bb643b18f18f866f8c3c71c0ac4ea8cbc android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::types
-760485232f6cce07f8bb05e3475509956996b702f77415ee5bff05e2ec5a5bcc android.hardware.dumpstate@1.0::IDumpstateDevice
-e822cb7f4a1bdd45689c5e92ccd19a2201c20b771bd4b2ec1ae627e324591f9d android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse
-6e69adb24d7c0b0ca3a54a38c49a5625b161b3f5d5f7d6fda0befdbbfc8e9e06 android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse
-28e929b453df3d9f5060af2764e6cdb123ddb893e3e86923c877f6ff7e5f02c9 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::types
-df1d7b27e644bfed0a4f606a8c44d35d45cafce82c7c648494c8a25c7cd4a949 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::types
-
-# HALs released in Android O MR1 (Initial Set)
-
-4b65763663a94a3920134011691f8fbb42ccb7b7795589efddc049a9106047d6 android.hardware.oemlock@1.0::IOemLock
-e02cd3722cb5e8fa51179f5defacb4f7866f903c9c7c51dc01a3148473a71525 android.hardware.oemlock@1.0::types
-224f9d22a367a0016f09b6dc676f53f1446697d9dc747163032329e5da552de5 android.hardware.power@1.1::IPower
-574fd9758b7cab4922c72cc5a9f36d1cd48ffd3425fdd776426653280d3d4138 android.hardware.power@1.1::types
-f79edf50a378a9c9bb737f93f205dab91b4c63ea49723afc6f856c138203ea81 android.hardware.radio@1.1::IRadio
-fcc5c8c88b85a9f63fba67d9e674da466c72a98ca287f343fb5721d098713f86 android.hardware.radio@1.1::IRadioIndication
-50f27e8c7ec009d5d4418b2ce8392b940bbf052ecc1d7251285f332485a5ba4e android.hardware.radio@1.1::IRadioResponse
-be981148c95c0089f3ae92854f0e7ae999d308e927db3e065f12a4fabe07852f android.hardware.radio@1.1::ISap
-d8d6bf7b4d36c04ce587df75953c3f723cfbe71c896c1aa8ab6478eae126723d android.hardware.radio@1.1::types
-d8aae01606bfd34bf2fb9a59cadc016f46f318e56cddb8f15a945c5b3c1222bc android.hardware.tetheroffload.config@1.0::IOffloadConfig
-447b00306bc95a7aafec1d660f6f3e9f76ac8bc0353193435e5579ab833da619 android.hardware.tetheroffload.control@1.0::IOffloadControl
-07658829339d75962016e00ed81b005ad29fca7ac12ad3bc3ccd86b08d94c2d3 android.hardware.tetheroffload.control@1.0::ITetheringOffloadCallback
-0df5b0178af15c53cdce8fcf8ca14035e8e08db4fa76fdc12009ddbe0b53626b android.hardware.tetheroffload.control@1.0::types
-b30ef02ef26ff804e2f6acf1201bc141b59e134e6a0338562284491102cb13e3 android.hardware.usb@1.1::IUsb
-13a580e35af01270a1e9774177c51db51d8672e6139ba00851e654e68a4d7dff android.hardware.usb@1.1::IUsbCallback
-f0ed667288908c08fced570bd1f3c4a0f236aa927938e805f0d9fece525da81e android.hardware.usb@1.1::types
-f95a1e85612f2d0d616eacd2eb63c52d10dfa889f165df57697c30e1f47b4785 android.hardware.vibrator@1.1::IVibrator
-246fb9d9e2b4800aeb0adc3cdbaa15d0321ebab54b7bd1ab87da5b67c7b0b064 android.hardware.vibrator@1.1::types
-9bc43413b80cd0c59a022e93da1448dcb82dd10c6dd31932df4659e4bdcb1368 android.hardware.weaver@1.0::IWeaver
-7728b0393a2ed9796537d4165c7d95407e9d8cb447a647b545fdfe06a28689e7 android.hardware.weaver@1.0::types
-bb7c96762d0aa3ddb874c8815bacdd3cbc8fb87ea2f82b928bc29e24a3593055 android.hardware.wifi.offload@1.0::IOffload
-c3354ab0d381a236c12dc486ad4b6bec28c979d26748b4661f12ede36f392808 android.hardware.wifi.offload@1.0::IOffloadCallback
-b18caefefcc765092412285d776234fcf213b73bdf07ae1b67a5f71b2d2464e3 android.hardware.wifi.offload@1.0::types
-c26473e2e4a00af43e28a0ddf9002e5062a7d0940429e5efb6e5513a8abcb75c android.hardware.wifi@1.1::IWifi
-b056e1defab4071584214584057d0bc73a613081bf1152590549649d4582c13c android.hardware.wifi@1.1::IWifiChip
-
-# ABI preserving changes to HALs during Android O MR1 (Final Set)
-2d833aeed0cd1d59437aca210be590a953cf32bcb6683cd63d089762a643fb49 android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse
-05aa3de6130a9788fdb6f4d3cc57c3ea90f067e77a5e09d6a772ec7f6bca33d2 android.hardware.radio@1.1::IRadioResponse
-
-# HALs released in Android O MR1 (Final Set)
-044cb039378b8a0e36f40ff1e6ce04dc0d339da02095f968d5062a051e99d108 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.1::types
-c9699483f8cefe4f9b39b4b9609b76cab2dd1659a06188056b45797d337d4256 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.1::IBroadcastRadio
-b5d62dcd663fc4fcc977b252af59b333043bdfe73de2f11fe6d6a8bf438a0f92 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.1::IBroadcastRadioFactory
-bc7e054a6e93adebedff345aeed44549be89e6b1b6ffe071ff47a61de764b232 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.1::ITuner
-e9139fc755be578693f17c8cd1e27c75f412cfc722157bab5bf03ee68896e31d android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.1::ITunerCallback
-63929c99e5755d9e09d9e0fd2527391fbb1609dda0508f5933b7943b92ae0fbc android.hardware.camera.device@3.3::types
-bbcfc3f748b078f6a66c4e228084a679d30bd61bfde8bb7a91efd507b91c1bfd android.hardware.camera.device@3.3::ICameraDeviceSession
-4a6998cd6793a3f9f03989c29d662589b1bc9d38826c6698c6c17864f7a814f5 android.hardware.cas@1.0::types
-0e656ba1bac11461a17096ef752b69d24b000d820ef5652f0150a0f9731d54c2 android.hardware.cas@1.0::ICas
-b80e1456b81f80032d0de7cb45652ac15af11e7474d520d757481ecaad796dff android.hardware.cas@1.0::ICasListener
-a432d6d9200248dc2126827bcd6cdea31dd65eff39b939f64585d27d915a5857 android.hardware.cas@1.0::IDescramblerBase
-86ba9c03978b79a742e990420bc5ced0673d25a939f82572996bef92621e2014 android.hardware.cas@1.0::IMediaCasService
-503da837d1a67cbdb7c08a033e927e5430ae1b159d98bf72c6336b4dcc5e76f5 android.hardware.cas.native@1.0::types
-619600109232ed64b827c8a11beed8070b1827ae464547d7aa146cf0473b4bca android.hardware.cas.native@1.0::IDescrambler
-0a159f81359cd4f71bbe00972ee8403ea79351fb7c0cd48be72ebb3e424dbaef android.hardware.radio@1.0::types
-09342041e17c429fce0034b9096d17849122111436a5f0053e7e59500e1cb89c android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmxStore
-246a56d37d57a47224562c9d077b4a2886ce6242b9311bd98a17325944c280d7 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::types
-93eb3757ceaf21590fa4cd1d4a7dfe3b3794af5396100a6d25630879352abce9 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IDevice
-f66f9a38541bf92001d3adcce678cd7e3da2262124befb460b1c9aea9492813b android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IExecutionCallback
-953607822954435874f4b81686440a604e2a88cdd2d9164c6293f3d5772510d7 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IPreparedModel
-73e03573494ba96f0e711ab7f1956c5b2d54c3da690cd7ecf4d6d0f287447730 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IPreparedModelCallback
-f4945e397b5dea41bb64518dfde59be71245d8a125fd1e0acffeb57ac7b08fed android.hardware.thermal@1.1::IThermal
-c8bc853546dd55584611def2a9fa1d99f657e3366c976d2f60fe6b8aa6d2cb87 android.hardware.thermal@1.1::IThermalCallback
diff --git a/prebuilt_hashes/28.txt b/prebuilt_hashes/28.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 8a45ca5..0000000
--- a/prebuilt_hashes/28.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,384 +0,0 @@
-# Do not change this file except to add new interfaces. Changing
-# pre-existing interfaces will fail VTS and break framework-only OTAs
-
-# HALs released in Android O
-
-f219c3b5b8c6cb1d659d4c7328f67246abfe1a8613f469826fd3b9ad090417a2 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IDevice
-4d579cae1cd87a783fd49233e10ce720ba183cfd1d5ccd80149e69de5c1c7362 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IDevicesFactory
-203e23f18011390b8cd10c303e0c16c4eebc8fa187e80e40d6be4624c2b0848a android.hardware.audio@2.0::IPrimaryDevice
-aaf93123deec336eb247ad8099849469a541ca0cf7c28c5f5336cebe1ee86748 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IStream
-0468c5723b0d44c5b451bdfa06153000c6f352fd3336e0ad2697127b04b766df android.hardware.audio@2.0::IStreamIn
-7296f7064fd3ab24082b43a1da34cc876268065310b785499fba5178d063680a android.hardware.audio@2.0::IStreamOut
-19d241d71c3e1140afba8140dcb57448446025a5fc03739788c4c25e9a98b6c2 android.hardware.audio@2.0::IStreamOutCallback
-c84da9f586087227daa3b96d42b4575326bccfd5bc8a2a5acf86d774f8ea2648 android.hardware.audio@2.0::types
-1305786c06e22b9b24ebde136054cc827b63c86d8bf4a136d6f7f54752b8566b android.hardware.audio.common@2.0::types
-fa8fbae3d1da3c264e4f3110728076abc09b4e65f12af6ae136367328de988ab android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IAcousticEchoCancelerEffect
-ca4752545d54547ff069eae161af7550cb5f5a7e8b60316ddd132a30906a68e7 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IAutomaticGainControlEffect
-d2b8af988dc66f514d886bcee44b440d8034bc2a762f7161717ef3c956073067 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IBassBoostEffect
-611bc09c75e796f3512b1ca6be508b0a9ba996759b8a2c60507784ff58076229 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IDownmixEffect
-36a57369dfdc75180e8b64ae80b1970db8f6d9085dbff6ca931715038cc056e1 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEffect
-d2aa2df6d189c580f5be8460fa0ff4134d9c05a383f3204659baee426a6f0edf android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEffectBufferProviderCallback
-217f9161983a48d3bf3faeb158f868aa8bf0ce25889e4ee3d2bab1a2e8d33e77 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEffectsFactory
-c2b38bc07991e880c83ca8cb88181411eeef708b8b936aedd2f2e0acade7df69 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEnvironmentalReverbEffect
-2ff9f9704be5f167745b4de790e9dafc3cc4719e2f6e2e5497085e679853cfe7 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEqualizerEffect
-c31447fb02dbc8b56c359941dad22f416511860173c5c5fd278d1bf2312b13de android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::ILoudnessEnhancerEffect
-804831ca258802eb3eb65a0a7b5d5e3d37d4a15ba8c2836b4276eda98b47e1d0 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::INoiseSuppressionEffect
-778fd5b9837f481d8e47425b3e2a3bd0c6362a0b6870291518e2d863530fdb61 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IPresetReverbEffect
-c93cb25a1a92d07aa80a617c01e8d22fc97bf8cefd3962b6a5be386ad4704d89 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IVirtualizerEffect
-918f331780c9c7b04f2151a2e563aab088198ede8e6f865302ebaa13905bd9ce android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IVisualizerEffect
-4caad099f8fc00262b6c03ba41271808b37cea90ac98b534299bbf4ee823af02 android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::types
-1fbdc1f852f8bd2e4a6c5cb30ac2b78668c98dce118a61762d4034ae859f43d8 android.hardware.biometrics.fingerprint@2.1::IBiometricsFingerprint
-aabb5c3c585592d71ee57b77298c14993d77914ddeaa64b2c5109a602b02ea47 android.hardware.biometrics.fingerprint@2.1::IBiometricsFingerprintClientCallback
-1ec60d4efddae9a7b2469278a576967b4751e88de5b8d7e9df6eff6bc0da7bc9 android.hardware.biometrics.fingerprint@2.1::types
-347ce746815607567f5f3b53e4800998ca5ab9355141f0880fc0cf0c1fc5c355 android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0::IBluetoothHci
-835f41be2281bfb22f3e33c6fa870bde7bc21e37e5cfbaf9a36fff170632f754 android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0::IBluetoothHciCallbacks
-a8dfd0dbe463a3cdbcf1d985b38a28b3d93ba2ae5a1d1db4aaef4c38a5781b91 android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0::types
-7192d756aeba00aba32f4504981df8172ffca83e210c4838dabf295e53e93590 android.hardware.boot@1.0::IBootControl
-cebaa803b8e33807a0d69f46652b650ccb549e8f9b19d6becbbf26690e828b49 android.hardware.boot@1.0::types
-a98d49f23712a7cc327d1e0602d05f6f3ad32cfb5c74711d009c726611ee1c93 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::IBroadcastRadio
-ed82579c0c165feaa12d0e33c06b3342ab41ec0a439247f202775e8369e46ef6 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::IBroadcastRadioFactory
-da6ab32ee2793d2c86d3b603075d5383852b89d7eaa201861aa0473d418f3c7f android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::ITuner
-04d3ca022e25c308d9efd2e7eb77b3a7a206907cdc1b9ea9326340b377868172 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::ITunerCallback
-bd42c8d7838cfed1998b49c39745dec116d2d6edc2c11a4c0399b8f3a1d1655a android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::types
-81164323115d6588e259e8319fddf7487adfa1f49ce60f7e80ba74e0783392a4 android.hardware.camera.common@1.0::types
-c1705e9d62438a1d955269965af915ae28e692bd480a3b1ce67056fef992d62f android.hardware.camera.device@1.0::ICameraDevice
-78e9b44cf8660bdc1e98dca07451804153824efcd28db208a62f5ad728f44076 android.hardware.camera.device@1.0::ICameraDeviceCallback
-28f0386ba86ddf41e53a8117b48a0328d7a4d2574213e89f4a1062398a244566 android.hardware.camera.device@1.0::ICameraDevicePreviewCallback
-4db48439ce9dde97f1cfb3d7408f6c737f621ac0f7494aeea35ed599bc2352a3 android.hardware.camera.device@1.0::types
-b32f9aeaf1c442195eb06ffc7600968c919d005b2718874f09c57287fae55918 android.hardware.camera.device@3.2::ICameraDevice
-63bfc3da0f2d2301f7a0508c7c2b9ffc521d4d545ee03718da70e9d6273b3b21 android.hardware.camera.device@3.2::ICameraDeviceCallback
-0fa3e1e64819283b8737fc4e5ab759f0cb4ac1a996e8a51cc4aa8025a457208e android.hardware.camera.device@3.2::ICameraDeviceSession
-030be3d2b159cbde7920485807140f6b6064ef4a5de4a40a6c4bc8d2c72f7cd3 android.hardware.camera.device@3.2::types
-5ba7947cee515d7a2359bfcbfb9678c1c3a768c288471919ac095b96ae6f3d40 android.hardware.camera.metadata@3.2::types
-f7e299d85033ac52d1095a35784fcfeaff43603f58c751e4153c85bbade3b330 android.hardware.camera.provider@2.4::ICameraProvider
-a501ca1aecd09f1b9fd70a9af84205430dbd49a808e8fa395d363b9902e6f58c android.hardware.camera.provider@2.4::ICameraProviderCallback
-7f5fe8f4f8a24037153c504d8b4d3313c2ce33d81c8c69fe5194ddd2d4080e72 android.hardware.configstore@1.0::ISurfaceFlingerConfigs
-87beacc481897cf02fb1628d75e68133de6d74d4cffe582cda2f5e16bdd74516 android.hardware.configstore@1.0::types
-a5ae0fe8667f0b1af09b13e72d29600f4eb3853b257079c45a99b6f4a3360649 android.hardware.contexthub@1.0::IContexthub
-2ab3054c2d9302d8417ee7495353a2887fe338f913276f2eb41e80f11395ec2e android.hardware.contexthub@1.0::IContexthubCallback
-c3b2b37d561d31ea094411f251bf73bea334f4fe849a4390aef5e20bca6cadba android.hardware.contexthub@1.0::types
-df174c1871c864b4c79ca9f64aae7936d24a272eca3191a30458ca2b706dec79 android.hardware.drm@1.0::ICryptoFactory
-83639e90caeb996b0274e420de3cd556779de1ca48464b68eee799bef32b34cd android.hardware.drm@1.0::ICryptoPlugin
-1440cffdfaeb12830ac10ee6ffdb0f1083e701057b806df11fb4787b4c91e718 android.hardware.drm@1.0::IDrmFactory
-78ba33b108f620e6a0eec01ef654547e69a85754578ea4c9ef03ec205f16121c android.hardware.drm@1.0::IDrmPlugin
-701d9e51952172364e4ea70db9c397f08c3b4577ba33051f050a6cdd532de1b4 android.hardware.drm@1.0::IDrmPluginListener
-4238d62ad90df63aa338c6f1b6264c09c5a3706945d5c49d1189c0be1dc9e942 android.hardware.drm@1.0::types
-f07b1ee3ba11a2fc9f200421b2e1afb7c1854ee987000e45c987fb9507795055 android.hardware.dumpstate@1.0::IDumpstateDevice
-c9d318df7922bde3b265927b521ff5a965002826fc0cabfcaef52a56760f2d34 android.hardware.gatekeeper@1.0::IGatekeeper
-da13bd69282fb275767abb18704c57ff8038e6c139ad17157dc702810f70d06a android.hardware.gatekeeper@1.0::types
-37c7da4f823ec958dfa9c960e2d341c48f877e0bfa758f3fa9e2d9c1e1bd66d9 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IAGnss
-7ec9afdb964bfb8369866913caf018f2636592885bcb558a65de2c5436ab4f60 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IAGnssCallback
-d16e6a359be6963ea753d7138e84ecf2b93052097938938c4d36d7a47ea2e2ae android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IAGnssRil
-2f907708d74d94b1e121ed27651c9c72af65952d347b58ff07dac5d5d7a7f678 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IAGnssRilCallback
-5ac7edad06d76064b882be161f3f9d9692a997ec72e9f36addb7fe8918f49992 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnss
-b05c983c87c3376e145223688c3b541b5e11b827f211e38d5a31af1ca3a2e222 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssBatching
-4981d2d2c4e725c7544be0956099a91fc7bbc8048c563394158083fe924e651e android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssBatchingCallback
-3cd22d92cc1f935150c5048310e84886f14eed2556e8f00636733d204045cc4f android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssCallback
-175185a5eda87476193ca5461df75dd16d36664591e8130530dd8ef0eb2ddf6a android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssConfiguration
-4542122b96fbf27101cb8222bafb76e7c8d032d977dd1058edd8e5881ca5752f android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssDebug
-e6dd0c8416e523ab9cbd14d56ab6f016481a8aef3bc8a750051122d31075f6c7 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssGeofenceCallback
-f90e4ddc652706299d8e3d8ba18e0745c3bae9bf4d1be6bd06d9c1f50ec8d28a android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssGeofencing
-9ea8987bb1089c8c5d7b67866575b866ef516045021d9efcc37c6352bce072a3 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssMeasurement
-cf20492673d6a423e4c2e87fdfb5a4c4a602431721978db852e246f258e25edb android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssMeasurementCallback
-af85aa0f48ae99a39f4688c344e4419304f681f9af818a5c8d759286fc4418de android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNavigationMessage
-76b0874ea4c06b29f66418c59820f4286b3be9629cd872923d0dfbb602cd432d android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNavigationMessageCallback
-248bcf51da4273d64f367bf6877baef2feeaca365459842fd3c214a2dc6e0224 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNi
-c781b7b125f68be5db8a8c3d412d526acdbdf77dcc592a4c0ed70b8ce4fe6c49 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNiCallback
-c1142657de16fdb292a502372fe938614d65270ab8359217d6e13604fe4dbca4 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssXtra
-bd366b83d8d565d0e8bfabff3adfcab0259d75b4e2a9f8e1b91e11d1593a2ffb android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssXtraCallback
-881bc2f94026784d194cffbff166c6e8bf911de4e02abe96fc7d89ec75b0574a android.hardware.gnss@1.0::types
-17971eb8a482893dadcfc16e0583f492d42a034ef95d9b0b709417af30838396 android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0::IAllocator
-60bf42a4898e4fb70dbd720b263aeafd7f35f5e1a5effeabb4d5d659878a5f18 android.hardware.graphics.bufferqueue@1.0::IGraphicBufferProducer
-b8a75617b9ec12bea641f3a73d4025a33e8b9a2f9169dd46094af56adf9249c5 android.hardware.graphics.bufferqueue@1.0::IProducerListener
-4f6dedbcdd21c309dfc650acea81a096d6b242493ffe49c8d61bd3c43aad354e android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0::types
-b3aac6c3817f039964fcd62268274b3039e17bd7d0d5b40b4d1d1c7b19a1f866 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposer
-b19d00eb8a8b3b0034a0321f22e8f32162bf4c2aebbce6da22c025f56e459ea2 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposerCallback
-61ee43ffe6fb6dbe8b22dc17c51ff3d5ba703fc6029cba211f901f3d79c8a72d android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposerClient
-1c98c2f5154345312ec054871792a2982ec5f3e2bc2abfb61a10c0b517978e20 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::types
-a695898589e1ef15b2b2510f11edd6aafac9918d9cf8d74b4b6143b309dee542 android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0::IMapper
-28507d385a3dd224bf3c32f1bfd9f96092c4701b9c1cc66caa578fc3efc97877 android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0::types
-91e2ba3805c923f01fc1231ec9ff838942aee3346f2d7614ecc0caeadbe57ed4 android.hardware.health@1.0::IHealth
-1275aa2e8732909101b26aec49ed2285489e89d97b8610a8908b7868e35a3cc5 android.hardware.health@1.0::types
-3a8d3922e06e6d4f8e0befc6be78d0e9e07aed1585b3da6521bed406d25a9483 android.hardware.ir@1.0::IConsumerIr
-7090bd37912fcf723a12f4bc17783e3527577c4944805a028c296fd7a95bd682 android.hardware.ir@1.0::types
-cc7925a78c0ab022515f48840d3dae76f384ed3a1287abadcb461a5cd5396163 android.hardware.keymaster@3.0::IKeymasterDevice
-822998d7bb76f0cd719a409291434fcb56e6d50bc4780788bb157a3374d63b8c android.hardware.keymaster@3.0::types
-d4ed2f0e14f9e914d0b1275d2e0363192fe30aca9059c84edb5fad15995f9ec4 android.hardware.light@2.0::ILight
-d9584bfcaedd6e62cf337881748246b23e36cbc2bc3aa84c01b6a1e622061400 android.hardware.light@2.0::types
-16c0cf0f73de1e5208a95020c6c6474903e7094f76b2d782651afaca0e5fd86f android.hardware.media@1.0::types
-8bc2f5fdcad68856eb61a62fe4cc043fa064bb7f1dab95a71d1918ec1eef7b55 android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IGraphicBufferSource
-0d3de9cd89d4718ea3b772f2d8b93be004feb3abb7e7dc5402e37047cc730d05 android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmx
-32002e1c358c64de106c977a6dc6af7da27be4803a5bb66fd6f891a5ba0a1617 android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmxBufferSource
-81ad8d8bb1cf6f41923cf11dd39354a8fe433db284a234cc675de7e75a82224c android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmxNode
-494c0c8bf6065edc82ec127228ed19dd2243dc1c2f7d601c7c6be7b7015c1713 android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmxObserver
-252c2fc50c78fd6de8365e5b60e5115119ace107db0b94b0b26815cbf3d2b64a android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmxStore
-148c1b50b0958988373145ffdf5fa0e1b6534e0a2034a570e74b15c127cf7c5e android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::types
-c66902fe48d687ac6740a3e32ae55fb75532c48c36c6386461c2b4416ad2e0f1 android.hardware.memtrack@1.0::IMemtrack
-860bacd8b11a269c40567542b613fe4ca448d5cb4326d0058899e608e89dfca1 android.hardware.memtrack@1.0::types
-07ac2dc95270321ec7d4c33cd25e5085a057f47fe350d645af6f7a7a11e3cf57 android.hardware.nfc@1.0::INfc
-f2fe54426c07d67388d4774a60641ad4c0538f22eb6e1111722f231772655de6 android.hardware.nfc@1.0::INfcClientCallback
-9626fd18db113d709faf593a70caf19bd0980294d23c468c80c30186f9d298a6 android.hardware.nfc@1.0::types
-deee1dc4948f33af207e1008aba0f6cc07afb7900eab53f33192c8cac137eefc android.hardware.power@1.0::IPower
-efc83df3f962b93c7c0290d691d7d300dabe12683e2cde3591fb3c0beedce20f android.hardware.power@1.0::types
-9b5aa499ec3b4226f15f48f5ed08896e2fc0676f978c9e199c1da21daaf002a6 android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadio
-5c8efbb9c451a59737ed2c6c20230aae4745839ca01d8088d6dcc9020e52d2c5 android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioIndication
-69f6b4b8ec40ca02ccc7bb8227a097135c20c00bd94c822e421cd9af1267252c android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse
-de3ab9f73b1073cd677b19d886fb927e9381b30161a704712d2b30f875873f5c android.hardware.radio@1.0::ISap
-d183e406ef0897df2117a9dde384e8e6ea4fa6ab1c7f6f28e65b87011218c9ea android.hardware.radio@1.0::ISapCallback
-96986fbd22f0e6ca752e1fcdc0a64bda213995a81f5f36bc4faf3532d9306b97 android.hardware.radio@1.0::types
-00f70085d6fae1d482fb700a3fd42ed475384c95b51c9269b9ae5037b74ad4dd android.hardware.radio.deprecated@1.0::IOemHook
-06837b6d7e843cfa9cd20fed4070feca7a9b5c81a9ed643bf7d06803455a9816 android.hardware.radio.deprecated@1.0::IOemHookIndication
-6fd4874f0eddd4626a27658fd94fad526c317f3563439e79718bdb1a3a2309d5 android.hardware.radio.deprecated@1.0::IOemHookResponse
-6983a2cafe39d5c57dfdc1743055fb0f757a0df8c78e00423d5e1810836927e1 android.hardware.renderscript@1.0::IContext
-7f9417a0ccf78ea042ec7a8ac8e3750346d4d9d7e5ae01b1b35fde303f47c24d android.hardware.renderscript@1.0::IDevice
-fc6f325b266b32353f7d1534fbe58e0d368265a12b77fa396fb556e8c443f739 android.hardware.renderscript@1.0::types
-89585ff541c319de4091a5a0b687dd526ac81c6382ffd7b979a4164b3d7419a6 android.hardware.sensors@1.0::ISensors
-e04ab978fc28f4c515f4a75617dfda8607733a64f13666beeb0e604a07a39333 android.hardware.sensors@1.0::types
-5befc019cbe94953661e2cdb95e3cf64f5e565c29403e1c2daecc2be44e0a55c android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::ISoundTriggerHw
-d7ec5f612a5e0a59ea4f2b61317e208ff56dd50920fd4eb441e0cbc8f97e4f49 android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::ISoundTriggerHwCallback
-5bee9e70f7e5ec7ee252883b28f98f12b59960f4c2a0b4cc9a4526e4669ebcd4 android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::types
-97f1ec446043bc5a6645b74529a6276496bdb35e0aee41eda55cb92d51eb7802 android.hardware.thermal@1.0::IThermal
-84965a6908bceb4ef51546bf8731f309f1ea9d09a0177dcc7974132e523dd6d2 android.hardware.thermal@1.0::types
-938850621c3c5ef426a4b88e752ba99b3559037e782a3d938604f3aef5cc0f1b android.hardware.tv.cec@1.0::IHdmiCec
-e75b6eea711d36fac678bce072b3cec6544b27fa9f4cd903999404e5c110ca10 android.hardware.tv.cec@1.0::IHdmiCecCallback
-6e25f8dbfadb668e1d4ec80eb9acd95d8bc9e0a240c36d27e662adb440314b95 android.hardware.tv.cec@1.0::types
-0cafa3c8388e9631916d2d800f78decbcec2904f11415b32c71a31d9a51ebf79 android.hardware.tv.input@1.0::ITvInput
-dee83e5c864fbbee8f02448d0800be32f06856386b9f907bc5d952208c9434f9 android.hardware.tv.input@1.0::ITvInputCallback
-07aab30410b612381234dca6d453d4ab96f2e536368715717c6e28101b9851b5 android.hardware.tv.input@1.0::types
-4ef57499273f38bdbdd0c15e56ee7a4bc5f18a5644092170a531df3541d9e015 android.hardware.usb@1.0::IUsb
-4be7881e411ba42784bf5b7354c14ae0cf161004d39433aaecaab0d19ea99354 android.hardware.usb@1.0::IUsbCallback
-f7e6e747910a3cd0a35846141e3b990a6a612a297b2b70ccd5740b646a450a8c android.hardware.usb@1.0::types
-06ea64cc3565777f3b259e400ffa7100d07f3827ad9357b0c5d3c651384e5553 android.hardware.vibrator@1.0::IVibrator
-0fecd34ae64f32eff6aa615fd662349242c0b8b6e303ef05a7cb5776c732f413 android.hardware.vibrator@1.0::types
-4b962968a7df4ab104d1315d66a0a7348a713fecbb5d2c1b23688494458f37ce android.hardware.vr@1.0::IVr
-b9be36719a8ad534000a51ea07be91be94c405bf1e038ae825acf65087ffd378 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifi
-ee0224ee18813506d9d6f13d8c8e4679f053c290a443a52a7c52a5d3c852262b android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiApIface
-f3eecc489deb4c74892f59eb7adb769063bd5c354ac132b626a5f42b363d36bc android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiChip
-a1b988377645a58e5e2542ca2bad4e17c21a4a389213d05de2f0e32d57b7d339 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiChipEventCallback
-5ed6760ce77e84bc6c49d1acb3f7d8117c9176b3f06514bc44ad3af84c80dcfe android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiEventCallback
-6b9ad43a5efbe6ca214f751e22ce43cf5cd4d5d5f2cba80f24ccd3755a72401c android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiIface
-ba5aa74f1ba714f0093864227923492808795bda6199c4ea0891322d27f8c931 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiNanIface
-325c94f3e1a565b56bbc74faddbd0ba7cb824f263dccf9dfff2daf62b86ed774 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiNanIfaceEventCallback
-c2c3f0372b41780fb6dfe83c022296806c2024d7046682fd201de5aa9b791c7a android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiP2pIface
-766e9765f5c9c759b2a763c2288353fb5deff3389c2cc28f81d79c939704ce8b android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiRttController
-72ab6f3e120cbf07aa6f8e87ca89112bdeb36b7fbb96bce5af3712323ab8b8e6 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiRttControllerEventCallback
-3b8093d39ef1e10e43c5538afbf5ff6e39b8d8168ebbe1998d993e89e25f14a5 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiStaIface
-7fbfc551c3e23c8b4398c3e16e452b516457e6921424a53474cbf373ca306fa9 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiStaIfaceEventCallback
-e20d5132d6d23e072c15de065b5e2aa13ff965031246a2c82581732bae56bf6d android.hardware.wifi@1.0::types
-f7e55c08187d8c855068a1ee3d0c8daeee7570292d96509c21a8756d4f5cfb9b android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicant
-56b5c7267cb3d3337f44eb8b0b38ff4c6260dcc70e07687fcab94b1ccea8d159 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantCallback
-35ba7bcdf18f24a866a7e5429548f06768bb20a257f75b10a397c4d825ef8438 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantIface
-cda01008c06922fa37c1213e9bb831a109b3174532805616fb7161edc403866f android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantNetwork
-4907410338c5e8dbeec4b5edc2608ea323f5561945f8810af81810c47b019184 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantP2pIface
-8b63f5efa2e3be3a7cb8a428760d82285a4ab79bcbdea6ef90aa547555e582d4 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantP2pIfaceCallback
-56128f74560571b6777d59453f35c6b35693ee377e2a23c807708906928f09de android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantP2pNetwork
-2067c22197bca9743dab66a6f561a8a8375c67b4f76aed05f776839499bd4c8f android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantP2pNetworkCallback
-7752e1de93aaf5fed37011c219ac247069f6af320b0810daa98510584a10e7b4 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantStaIface
-d781c8d7e7b3fe5cca8cf6e1d8806e770982ae5358c7816ed51b0f0ec272e70d android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantStaIfaceCallback
-b12ef0bdd8a4d247a8a6e960b227ed32383f2b0241f55d67fcea6eff6a6737fa android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantStaNetwork
-d8f0877ae1d321c1d884c7631dfe36cab0ec8a4b2863d4b687f85d3549a63bcc android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::ISupplicantStaNetworkCallback
-fe3c3c2f572b72f15f8594c538b0577bd5c28722c31879cfe6231330cddb6747 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.0::types
-
-# ABI preserving changes to HALs during Android O MR1 (Initial Set)
-
-150a338ce11fcec70757c9675d83cf6a5d7b40d0c812741b91671fecce59eac9 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::types
-dc7e6d4f537b9943e27edc4f86c5a03bb643b18f18f866f8c3c71c0ac4ea8cbc android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::types
-760485232f6cce07f8bb05e3475509956996b702f77415ee5bff05e2ec5a5bcc android.hardware.dumpstate@1.0::IDumpstateDevice
-78589343d8ee2e1b155acad3fbdc7fcbb6af94491aee968b2383c21627264f8b android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse # Available in Android O, b/68061860
-e822cb7f4a1bdd45689c5e92ccd19a2201c20b771bd4b2ec1ae627e324591f9d android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse
-6e69adb24d7c0b0ca3a54a38c49a5625b161b3f5d5f7d6fda0befdbbfc8e9e06 android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse
-c2c50ec74c87a583c683b4493f8f9f2e454a8d41c57af5b3eb88823a999f0ea4 android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse # Added for b/65230472 for Android O
-4922dd58e89a03181ed1c48a6e118e47633b73b11090bdfed5aa920d25a7592b android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse # Added for b/65230472 for Android O DR
-28e929b453df3d9f5060af2764e6cdb123ddb893e3e86923c877f6ff7e5f02c9 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::types
-df1d7b27e644bfed0a4f606a8c44d35d45cafce82c7c648494c8a25c7cd4a949 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::types
-
-# HALs released in Android O MR1 (Initial Set)
-
-4b65763663a94a3920134011691f8fbb42ccb7b7795589efddc049a9106047d6 android.hardware.oemlock@1.0::IOemLock
-e02cd3722cb5e8fa51179f5defacb4f7866f903c9c7c51dc01a3148473a71525 android.hardware.oemlock@1.0::types
-224f9d22a367a0016f09b6dc676f53f1446697d9dc747163032329e5da552de5 android.hardware.power@1.1::IPower
-574fd9758b7cab4922c72cc5a9f36d1cd48ffd3425fdd776426653280d3d4138 android.hardware.power@1.1::types
-f79edf50a378a9c9bb737f93f205dab91b4c63ea49723afc6f856c138203ea81 android.hardware.radio@1.1::IRadio
-fcc5c8c88b85a9f63fba67d9e674da466c72a98ca287f343fb5721d098713f86 android.hardware.radio@1.1::IRadioIndication
-50f27e8c7ec009d5d4418b2ce8392b940bbf052ecc1d7251285f332485a5ba4e android.hardware.radio@1.1::IRadioResponse
-be981148c95c0089f3ae92854f0e7ae999d308e927db3e065f12a4fabe07852f android.hardware.radio@1.1::ISap
-d8d6bf7b4d36c04ce587df75953c3f723cfbe71c896c1aa8ab6478eae126723d android.hardware.radio@1.1::types
-d8aae01606bfd34bf2fb9a59cadc016f46f318e56cddb8f15a945c5b3c1222bc android.hardware.tetheroffload.config@1.0::IOffloadConfig
-447b00306bc95a7aafec1d660f6f3e9f76ac8bc0353193435e5579ab833da619 android.hardware.tetheroffload.control@1.0::IOffloadControl
-07658829339d75962016e00ed81b005ad29fca7ac12ad3bc3ccd86b08d94c2d3 android.hardware.tetheroffload.control@1.0::ITetheringOffloadCallback
-0df5b0178af15c53cdce8fcf8ca14035e8e08db4fa76fdc12009ddbe0b53626b android.hardware.tetheroffload.control@1.0::types
-b30ef02ef26ff804e2f6acf1201bc141b59e134e6a0338562284491102cb13e3 android.hardware.usb@1.1::IUsb
-13a580e35af01270a1e9774177c51db51d8672e6139ba00851e654e68a4d7dff android.hardware.usb@1.1::IUsbCallback
-f0ed667288908c08fced570bd1f3c4a0f236aa927938e805f0d9fece525da81e android.hardware.usb@1.1::types
-f95a1e85612f2d0d616eacd2eb63c52d10dfa889f165df57697c30e1f47b4785 android.hardware.vibrator@1.1::IVibrator
-246fb9d9e2b4800aeb0adc3cdbaa15d0321ebab54b7bd1ab87da5b67c7b0b064 android.hardware.vibrator@1.1::types
-9bc43413b80cd0c59a022e93da1448dcb82dd10c6dd31932df4659e4bdcb1368 android.hardware.weaver@1.0::IWeaver
-7728b0393a2ed9796537d4165c7d95407e9d8cb447a647b545fdfe06a28689e7 android.hardware.weaver@1.0::types
-bb7c96762d0aa3ddb874c8815bacdd3cbc8fb87ea2f82b928bc29e24a3593055 android.hardware.wifi.offload@1.0::IOffload
-c3354ab0d381a236c12dc486ad4b6bec28c979d26748b4661f12ede36f392808 android.hardware.wifi.offload@1.0::IOffloadCallback
-b18caefefcc765092412285d776234fcf213b73bdf07ae1b67a5f71b2d2464e3 android.hardware.wifi.offload@1.0::types
-c26473e2e4a00af43e28a0ddf9002e5062a7d0940429e5efb6e5513a8abcb75c android.hardware.wifi@1.1::IWifi
-b056e1defab4071584214584057d0bc73a613081bf1152590549649d4582c13c android.hardware.wifi@1.1::IWifiChip
-
-# ABI preserving changes to HALs during Android O MR1 (Final Set)
-09342041e17c429fce0034b9096d17849122111436a5f0053e7e59500e1cb89c android.hardware.media.omx@1.0::IOmxStore
-2d833aeed0cd1d59437aca210be590a953cf32bcb6683cd63d089762a643fb49 android.hardware.radio@1.0::IRadioResponse
-0a159f81359cd4f71bbe00972ee8403ea79351fb7c0cd48be72ebb3e424dbaef android.hardware.radio@1.0::types
-05aa3de6130a9788fdb6f4d3cc57c3ea90f067e77a5e09d6a772ec7f6bca33d2 android.hardware.radio@1.1::IRadioResponse
-
-# HALs released in Android O MR1 (Final Set)
-044cb039378b8a0e36f40ff1e6ce04dc0d339da02095f968d5062a051e99d108 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.1::types
-c9699483f8cefe4f9b39b4b9609b76cab2dd1659a06188056b45797d337d4256 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.1::IBroadcastRadio
-b5d62dcd663fc4fcc977b252af59b333043bdfe73de2f11fe6d6a8bf438a0f92 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.1::IBroadcastRadioFactory
-bc7e054a6e93adebedff345aeed44549be89e6b1b6ffe071ff47a61de764b232 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.1::ITuner
-e9139fc755be578693f17c8cd1e27c75f412cfc722157bab5bf03ee68896e31d android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.1::ITunerCallback
-63929c99e5755d9e09d9e0fd2527391fbb1609dda0508f5933b7943b92ae0fbc android.hardware.camera.device@3.3::types
-bbcfc3f748b078f6a66c4e228084a679d30bd61bfde8bb7a91efd507b91c1bfd android.hardware.camera.device@3.3::ICameraDeviceSession
-4a6998cd6793a3f9f03989c29d662589b1bc9d38826c6698c6c17864f7a814f5 android.hardware.cas@1.0::types
-0e656ba1bac11461a17096ef752b69d24b000d820ef5652f0150a0f9731d54c2 android.hardware.cas@1.0::ICas
-b80e1456b81f80032d0de7cb45652ac15af11e7474d520d757481ecaad796dff android.hardware.cas@1.0::ICasListener
-a432d6d9200248dc2126827bcd6cdea31dd65eff39b939f64585d27d915a5857 android.hardware.cas@1.0::IDescramblerBase
-86ba9c03978b79a742e990420bc5ced0673d25a939f82572996bef92621e2014 android.hardware.cas@1.0::IMediaCasService
-503da837d1a67cbdb7c08a033e927e5430ae1b159d98bf72c6336b4dcc5e76f5 android.hardware.cas.native@1.0::types
-619600109232ed64b827c8a11beed8070b1827ae464547d7aa146cf0473b4bca android.hardware.cas.native@1.0::IDescrambler
-93eb3757ceaf21590fa4cd1d4a7dfe3b3794af5396100a6d25630879352abce9 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IDevice
-f66f9a38541bf92001d3adcce678cd7e3da2262124befb460b1c9aea9492813b android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IExecutionCallback
-953607822954435874f4b81686440a604e2a88cdd2d9164c6293f3d5772510d7 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IPreparedModel
-73e03573494ba96f0e711ab7f1956c5b2d54c3da690cd7ecf4d6d0f287447730 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IPreparedModelCallback
-246a56d37d57a47224562c9d077b4a2886ce6242b9311bd98a17325944c280d7 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::types
-f4945e397b5dea41bb64518dfde59be71245d8a125fd1e0acffeb57ac7b08fed android.hardware.thermal@1.1::IThermal
-c8bc853546dd55584611def2a9fa1d99f657e3366c976d2f60fe6b8aa6d2cb87 android.hardware.thermal@1.1::IThermalCallback
-
-# ABI preserving changes to HALs during Android P
-9e7a0b650d0e461ece2cfec0e1072abf8676f592b41a7fb48f01e88fc3c8f780 android.hardware.broadcastradio@1.0::types
-cf72ff5a52bfa4d08e9e1000cf3ab5952a2d280c7f13cdad5ab7905c08050766 android.hardware.camera.metadata@3.2::types
-3902efc42097cba55f0655aa389e052ea70164e99ced1a6d1ef53dafc13f7650 android.hardware.camera.provider@2.4::ICameraProvider
-6fa9804a17a8bb7923a56bd10493a5483c20007e4c9026fd04287bee7c945a8c android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssCallback
-fb92e2b40f8e9d494e8fd3b4ac18499a3216342e7cff160714c3bbf3660b6e79 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssConfiguration
-251594ea9b27447bfa005ebd806e58fb0ae4aad84a69938129c9800ec0c64eda android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssMeasurementCallback
-4e7169919d24fbe5573e5bcd683d0bd7abf553a4e6c34c41f9dfc1e12050db07 android.hardware.gnss@1.0::IGnssNavigationMessageCallback
-190ea4898809de6cf379afe318f5fa9564686157b24d9a2d7f5698b0c977d8b2 android.hardware.graphics.bufferqueue@1.0::IGraphicBufferProducer
-25892789b50eb673506b6c5a2cdab5d9aa428d41608aab10280cc898538b524a android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposerClient
-e205dd30f5ff99445b706a901de8ebc46c379e9d7c1921d6a327ed2082cfa83d android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::types
-a46251718abfada458dc64c41ce94915757bf6c87cfa2d9e99cfb01fa8e32331 android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0::IMapper
-bd33ac23c57b4a07632691d2191bc2c93930f57e62f4ccf459748fdaa5c0f480 android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0::types
-ad8a28ca3a5549fb9bc24cf5f80ac8f660cc27be885210d76266780aa52ddb8d android.hardware.keymaster@3.0::types
-5804ca86611d72e5481f022b3a0c1b334217f2e4988dad25730c42af2d1f4d1c android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IDevice
-12e8dca4ab7d8aadd0ef8f1b438021938e2396139e85db2ed65783b08800aa52 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IExecutionCallback
-86b77e06da756a76aa3685be88765852dd982a86d8c90b8b4fc1130ed4184c8f android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::types
-d4840db8efabdf1e4b344fc981cd36e5fe81a39aff6e199f6d06c1c8da413efd android.hardware.radio@1.0::types
-f96cbc59dfe16c8d0c2a7e06db24d8738a6328b6e90f7b8e1640ea2b4600debd android.hardware.radio@1.1::ISap
-2d86929794795e5c70f4fdb5073485fd05835c9c6f496116687c3d9f32e6df3e android.hardware.radio@1.2::ISap
-905a4af79c8329b39d8b11b08f015137216bb078b427b6986f32884a04bc1bec android.hardware.tv.cec@1.0::types
-aebcd9ff2da05c9d4c439916f40dfd219ba7629919007cb981ebf150064b4f82 android.hardware.usb@1.1::IUsb
-e29fb1941b40a990676f8e9c676a38761defd890b81a9c034608eb7ba6496023 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiP2pIface
-b280c4704dfcc548a9bf127b59b7c3578f460c50cce70a06b66fe0df8b27cff0 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::types
-
-# HALs released in Android P
-5860cf040a3d5d771967ecf648b00d06876a7120da985ee2b3e95d01f634dd20 android.hardware.audio@4.0::IDevice
-cf82a0249e918fdc657e189895e92d60af0491868477e82cdc30f6cab0ca2c65 android.hardware.audio@4.0::IDevicesFactory
-be3dc9baed45a0d330152eca3ca24fa419b375b20a41644c88d4fb46b72784d2 android.hardware.audio@4.0::IPrimaryDevice
-3e3acb70c4e6c7d578f511f4a44ee764ab9126f887a3bf65d523c42e40012bf6 android.hardware.audio@4.0::IStream
-d5de64e66b95f135dd42492250a309134b8227203ef3524440798c66b6f5a392 android.hardware.audio@4.0::IStreamIn
-888ac906461327fa0bd93854d5109be8c292a33afdb467164826970a8bd5b789 android.hardware.audio@4.0::IStreamOut
-15f6ae78e73344c8e7d68847ef03caec64fcd9f951bbcf59957d1712c247fcff android.hardware.audio@4.0::IStreamOutCallback
-61f0eaa4d08547d039e9b1dd7c82abe2c004286d1b9b8153c2491ff46a8a63ca android.hardware.audio@4.0::types
-5d47a2ad2c136b8aba067dd45bb10d0ad390dd76340764154f580658f98f4fe6 android.hardware.audio.common@4.0::types
-b04b6b364938b80008e61fa2e318bc299622433e57c2e1f6cfba332a3f6e3f15 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IAcousticEchoCancelerEffect
-1c17d4ece5c8ba3f7a646a305ee0dd109b0d51372e1bd585812e513cd40e1852 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IAutomaticGainControlEffect
-34174259fe6fbb1bb14e7103e097f2f25529271a676687845b2f55d6d0d9d617 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IBassBoostEffect
-7a18e9bd0163f3784448f6e24be0db75f877e2f0f9bd0d7ec427f1c34b382c0b android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IDownmixEffect
-bac81bffbe2661d5b6839087d2dd3a27eded66e60c6c76d35c68d54014cd5c06 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IEffect
-65f0bcf9e498b26f3266ad10cf513a6c2b5906cc49f9db4bc5c7d3ba11a72e05 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IEffectBufferProviderCallback
-5a746e81175489eb2371b88864c36c9bb63bc64ef799fae74cd96003b013c0d1 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IEffectsFactory
-839980c7c5be79da6b95fdb9354a62b04407b4b084749b7a21d2c340773d7638 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IEnvironmentalReverbEffect
-2805fbdac7cff050a1c095b9276bb41ac02a3b7b354336817487eb9a4b6bb462 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IEqualizerEffect
-a91b547f5922f39fe4231d97fac1c3825c1c1b0c8ef7a5136689ceed37e8bfe9 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::ILoudnessEnhancerEffect
-1145f5b921ddec184fda5bdc87487b46f2a89cd9f42cc882bbb3a54f4ac80466 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::INoiseSuppressionEffect
-3661fa0623056922fdc4235ac5a9c91a2d066ab6f1ab4297e3b240fe302ba500 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IPresetReverbEffect
-e88e520f8c98a62fccd8d5316c6687808f775de145d1405a7a9a66587ee6a001 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IVirtualizerEffect
-fe28829dab10d171783b79ac9cc45412739f8ff275e90228d7c6370ef189b859 android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IVisualizerEffect
-21c8a702579356480236c6851b5b2c16b9bd369ce12bdd6ffdc4626a89f34f73  android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::types
-42a06dc288f61b0690580f3d37b30b663c31d74d50bb58d0772386b550d5faab android.hardware.authsecret@1.0::IAuthSecret
-32cc50cc2a7658ec613c0c2dd2accbf6a05113b749852879e818b8b7b438db19 android.hardware.bluetooth.a2dp@1.0::IBluetoothAudioHost
-ff4be64d7992f8bec97dff37f35450e79b3430c61f85f54322ce45bef229dc3b android.hardware.bluetooth.a2dp@1.0::IBluetoothAudioOffload
-27f22d2e873e6201f9620cf4d8e2facb25bd0dd30a2b911e441b4600d560fa62 android.hardware.bluetooth.a2dp@1.0::types
-3d8ed67d807e9f15d0708390a416bee00920f6a22196c104cc9e443c8d217df8 android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0::IAnnouncementListener
-44017c42e6f4d8cb30f07eb1da04540a98736a336ac28c7e0ed2e69e1589f8d1 android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0::IBroadcastRadio
-e5f4960290b4f3089163dd43251e1a032c81e9bdb796e75a87fc7c5810c262b3 android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0::ICloseHandle
-af24b87ca8b8f02fcde205e47db6a9609fc7e9d77d73e694ec8f9c508ca19575 android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0::ITunerCallback
-d70464c517a4a1b5167730843775a97f455102919e945b04f717b9da390c0f39 android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0::ITunerSession
-2afa59ebf8145e7fbc090cf49605c27280c07d4178d47cd7f9d82b3b95a47af0 android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0::types
-4fb0725c36ed4f77a42b42e3f18d8b5f7919cb62b90098b23143a555aa7dd96d android.hardware.camera.device@3.4::ICameraDeviceCallback
-812fa66aa10ba0cba27cfddc2fd7f0ee27a8ab65a1f15aa79fdad97d403e6a14 android.hardware.camera.device@3.4::ICameraDeviceSession
-cc288f1f78d1e643eb3d3dbc16e1401d44033d8e6856761f5156814a29986ec7 android.hardware.camera.device@3.4::types
-f9278c8beb9d42d96e26d73ecabe1dff1d7e2fb301ab7f737d93e5ffae8d3312 android.hardware.camera.metadata@3.3::types
-f858091b10f7d5927be60573c06df4805275d37226bbb41a732190bfb81457ec android.hardware.configstore@1.1::ISurfaceFlingerConfigs
-5b0fb9842f8b0eb3730b93c30a7925290ab44763ab86bb493bfa58d0f2eeb369 android.hardware.configstore@1.1::types
-1a46aeae45b7a0e47f79b7207300532986f9d9cd7060779afc7a529f54d712ab android.hardware.confirmationui@1.0::IConfirmationResultCallback
-6d8347ff3cd7de471065ac3e8e68385073630cdeebe9f8fa58cb91cf44436c95 android.hardware.confirmationui@1.0::IConfirmationUI
-a3ff916784dce87a56c757ab5c86433f0cdf562280999a5f978a6e8a0f3f19e7 android.hardware.confirmationui@1.0::types
-1fbf2d7e383632216aaaa1d972a21a618f55659263d2e6f0b309e3cb323b4b63 android.hardware.drm@1.1::ICryptoFactory
-7877ff8e4c1e48b825e6e5e66d050288e5656ed535c61cc7830a92ed4a9e1990 android.hardware.drm@1.1::IDrmFactory
-fef2f0ebde7704548fb203df46673ceb342272fc4fa9d0af25a980d2584a36e7 android.hardware.drm@1.1::IDrmPlugin
-5047a346ecce239404b9020959f60dd467318e9c17b290a6386bc3894df62c3c android.hardware.drm@1.1::types
-a830336ac8627d6432cfafb1b884343ad9f885dee0a5323e380e6d3c519156b8 android.hardware.gnss@1.1::IGnss
-8ad55bc35bb3a83e65c018bdfde7ae5ebc749ff2bf6b79412ded0bc6c89b97d8 android.hardware.gnss@1.1::IGnssCallback
-3c5183d7506010be57e0f748e3640fc2ded1ba955784b6256ba427f4c399591c android.hardware.gnss@1.1::IGnssConfiguration
-1a07d1383e847c3deb696ec7a2c9e33b9683772945660448a010b18063da67a4 android.hardware.gnss@1.1::IGnssMeasurement
-83e7a10ff3702147bd7ffa04567b20d407a3b16bbb7705644af44d919afe9103 android.hardware.gnss@1.1::IGnssMeasurementCallback
-0b96e0254e2168cfecb30c1ed5fb42681652cc00faa68c6e07568fafe64d1d50 android.hardware.graphics.common@1.1::types
-7d2cef99c838fb58038de8bbfd3cdb76ff4797241987077721715297f8d45e34 android.hardware.graphics.common@1.1::types # b/78135149
-d9b40a5b09962a5a0780b10fe33a4e607e69e2e088fc83de88a584115b7cb1c0 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2::IComposer
-a2f183f7fcc79aabedaef11095ab223aac0ed5ef984d850893872515e7f560c7 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2::IComposerClient
-dd83be076b6b3f10ed62ab34d8c8b95f2415961fb785200eb842e7bfb2b0ee92 android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1::IMapper
-675682dd3007805c985eaaec91612abc88f4c25b3431fb84070b7584a1a741fb android.hardware.health@2.0::IHealth
-434c4c32c00b0e54bb05e40c79503208b40f786a318029a2a4f66e34f10f2a76 android.hardware.health@2.0::IHealthInfoCallback
-c9e498f1ade5e26f00d290b4763a9671ec6720f915e7d592844b62e8cb1f9b5c android.hardware.health@2.0::types
-201f9723353fdbd40bf3705537fb7e015e4c399879425e68688fe0f43606ea4d android.hardware.keymaster@4.0::IKeymasterDevice
-1b7d2090c0a28b229d37c4b96160796b1f0d703950ac6ccc163fccd280830503 android.hardware.keymaster@4.0::types
-6d5c646a83538f0f9d8438c259932509f4353410c6c76e56db0d6ca98b69c3bb android.hardware.media.bufferpool@1.0::IAccessor
-b8c7ed58aa8740361e63d0ce9e7c94227572a629f356958840b34809d2393a7c android.hardware.media.bufferpool@1.0::IClientManager
-4a2c0dc82780e6c90731725a103feab8ab6ecf85a64e049b9cbd2b2c61620fe1 android.hardware.media.bufferpool@1.0::IConnection
-6aef1218e5949f867b0104752ac536c1b707222a403341720de90141df129e3e android.hardware.media.bufferpool@1.0::types
-7698dc2382a2eeb43541840e3ee624f34108efdfb976b2bfa7c13ef15fb8c4c4 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.1::IDevice
-72cc6126632456e8fbb8776fe50150c3c4dd5d09145653193affb70785211dfa android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.1::types
-8d3d86da0bfa4bf070970d8303c659f67f35d670c287d45a3f542e4fedadd578 android.hardware.nfc@1.1::INfc
-e85f566698d2a2c28100e264fcf2c691a066756ddf8dd341d009ff50cfe10614 android.hardware.nfc@1.1::INfcClientCallback
-5e278fcaa3287d397d8eebe1c22aaa28150f5caae1cf9381cd6dc32cb37899c5 android.hardware.nfc@1.1::types
-163e115e833fc1d77cdd4a8cf0c833bb8b8d74fe35c880fe693101d17774926f android.hardware.power@1.2::IPower
-7899b9305587b2d5cd74a3cc87e9090f58bf4ae74256ce3ee36e7ec011822840 android.hardware.power@1.2::types
-5a464e6db53fad223986d655028a18185b73db8e2bfa9663f9042c9623eb0aa0 android.hardware.power@1.3::IPower
-a54a28d39b892d27a3cb06829181c038edcdd9e8eef359543b01e4313ae59aa0 android.hardware.power@1.3::types
-ab132c990a62f0aca35871c092c22fb9c85d478e22124ef6a4d0a2302da76a9f android.hardware.radio@1.2::IRadio
-cda752aeabaabc20486a82ac57a3dd107785c006094a349bc5e224e8aa22a17c android.hardware.radio@1.2::IRadioIndication
-da8c6ae991c6a4b284cc6e445332e064e28ee8a09482ed5afff9d159ec6694b7 android.hardware.radio@1.2::IRadioResponse
-b65332996eb39ba63300a1011404141fa59ce5c252bc17afae637be6eeca5f55 android.hardware.radio@1.2::ISap
-a9361522cc97ef66209d39ba324095b2f08344054bb4d3481e803eee0480623a android.hardware.radio@1.2::types
-87385469cf4409f0f33b01508e7a477cf71f2a11e466dd7e3ab5971a1baaa72b android.hardware.radio.config@1.0::IRadioConfig
-228b2ee3c8c276c9f0afad2dc313ca3d6bbd9e482ddf313c7204c60ad9b636ab android.hardware.radio.config@1.0::IRadioConfigIndication
-a2e9b7aa09f79426f765838174e04b6f9a3e6c8b76b923fc1705632207bad44b android.hardware.radio.config@1.0::IRadioConfigResponse
-4307696b64ded9bd8de06887f9dfc533e875c4e0d83b8008df4d705164bde0b1 android.hardware.radio.config@1.0::types
-bd7699f07ba5392310fefd33ea964e01f4f4a66015146845c85055004823cc81 android.hardware.secure_element@1.0::ISecureElement
-a65aa82bbe48d81a9ae9e86247bb1b89fd2d3138d4053d7a5b716c71149b7dee android.hardware.secure_element@1.0::ISecureElementHalCallback
-2984c069f48ba35cd1bf49b0e17daad0d418fef52cb7a4a84dba0043114063d4 android.hardware.secure_element@1.0::types
-b4f507b4dc9b5cd5f0e4445926acb7d94525ae60dc307b3951142283632207b6 android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.1::ISoundTriggerHw
-92c2cc0f06ef744c5bda21f1d660258f7937203109b493eee22c3f3e2dbb0d3e android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.1::ISoundTriggerHwCallback
-8ddfa7542772cc7bca19972b2d856264efa31914bfd098aeb7c2079d950194cb android.hardware.usb.gadget@1.0::IUsbGadget
-ad0a620cda08f01b151c30cb7afa23b0637cc84340cf8dec00ac8e32cf54a8db android.hardware.usb.gadget@1.0::IUsbGadgetCallback
-51fc20f223561ac3a32ace3217837ef3860265bd91c8b7ae3859532caef9bc39 android.hardware.usb.gadget@1.0::types
-1bfc9fd9536ed09f04bcaf222a332bc919f1565d4d08bddccdebe1bfca8f01b5 android.hardware.vibrator@1.2::IVibrator
-a0aefa29881235c21e4761d15c55edc35ef85c2e0d9e01d0966176d1dbf5f811 android.hardware.vibrator@1.2::types
-8bc75a0dfac15c6f87ffec950b76c7d7de30d516b54e8e0b1f3c0ff9c7c6873b android.hardware.wifi@1.2::IWifi
-780c16fdeda13b779d993953a67f7ca578c938a172a9424c1c715ae81bc40fd7 android.hardware.wifi@1.2::IWifiChip
-167af870fdb87e1cbbaa0fa62ef35e1031caad20dd1ba695983dedb1e9993486 android.hardware.wifi@1.2::IWifiChipEventCallback
-8c7ef32fc78d5ec6e6956de3784cc2c6f42614b5272d2e461f6d60534ba38ec2 android.hardware.wifi@1.2::IWifiNanIface
-1e6074efad9da333803fb7c1acdb719d51c30b2e1e92087b0420341631c30b60 android.hardware.wifi@1.2::IWifiNanIfaceEventCallback
-f5682dbf19f712bef9cc3faa5fe3dc670b6ffbcb62a147a1d86b9d43574cd83f android.hardware.wifi@1.2::IWifiStaIface
-6db2e7d274be2dca9bf3087afd1f774a68c99d2b4dc7eeaf41690e5cebcbef7a android.hardware.wifi@1.2::types
-ee08280de21cb41e3ec26d6ed636c701b7f70516e71fb22f4fe60a13e603f406 android.hardware.wifi.hostapd@1.0::IHostapd
-b2479cd7a417a1cf4f3a22db4e4579e21bac38fdcaf381e2bf10176d05397e01 android.hardware.wifi.hostapd@1.0::types
-e362203b941f18bd4cba29a62adfa02453ed00d6be5b72cdb6c4d7e0bf394a40 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.1::ISupplicant
-21757d0e5dd4b7e4bd981a4a20531bca3c32271ad9777b17b74eb5a1ea508384 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.1::ISupplicantStaIface
-cd4330c3196bda1d642a32abfe23a7d64ebfbda721940643af6867af3b3f0aa9 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.1::ISupplicantStaIfaceCallback
-10ff2fae516346b86121368ce5790d5accdfcb73983246b813f3d488b66db45a android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.1::ISupplicantStaNetwork
diff --git a/prebuilt_hashes/dump_hals_for_release.py b/prebuilt_hashes/dump_hals_for_release.py
deleted file mode 100755
index e9ed4c2..0000000
--- a/prebuilt_hashes/dump_hals_for_release.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,136 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-#
-# Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-#
-
-"""
-Dump new HIDL types that are introduced in each dessert release.
-"""
-
-from __future__ import print_function
-
-import argparse
-import collections
-import json
-import os
-import re
-
-class Globals:
-    pass
-
-class Constants:
-    CURRENT = 'current'
-    HAL_PATH_PATTERN = r'/((?:[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*/)*)(\d+\.\d+)/([a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*).hal'
-    CURRENT_TXT_PATTERN = r'(?:.*/)?([0-9]+|current).txt'
-
-def trim_trailing_comments(line):
-    idx = line.find('#')
-    if idx < 0: return line
-    return line[0:idx]
-
-def strip_begin(s, prefix):
-    if s.startswith(prefix):
-        return strip_begin(s[len(prefix):], prefix)
-    return s
-
-def strip_end(s, suffix):
-    if s.endswith(suffix):
-        return strip_end(s[0:-len(suffix)], suffix)
-    return s
-
-def get_interfaces(file_name):
-    with open(file_name) as file:
-        for line in file:
-            line_tokens = trim_trailing_comments(line).strip().split()
-            if not line_tokens:
-                continue
-            assert len(line_tokens) == 2, \
-                "Unrecognized line in file {}:\n{}".format(file_name, line)
-            yield line_tokens[1]
-
-def api_level_to_int(api_level):
-    try:
-        if api_level == Constants.CURRENT: return float('inf')
-        return int(api_level)
-    except ValueError:
-        return None
-
-def get_interfaces_from_package_root(package, root):
-    root = strip_end(root, '/')
-    for dirpath, _, filenames in os.walk(root, topdown=False):
-        dirpath = strip_begin(dirpath, root)
-        for filename in filenames:
-            filepath = os.path.join(dirpath, filename)
-            mo = re.match(Constants.HAL_PATH_PATTERN, filepath)
-            if not mo:
-                continue
-            yield '{}.{}@{}::{}'.format(
-                package, mo.group(1).strip('/').replace('/', '.'), mo.group(2), mo.group(3))
-
-def filter_out(iterable):
-    return iterable if not Globals.filter_out else filter(
-        lambda s: all(re.search(pattern, s) is None for pattern in Globals.filter_out),
-        iterable)
-
-def main():
-    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
-    parser.add_argument('--pretty', help='Print pretty JSON', action='store_true')
-    parser.add_argument('--package-root', metavar='PACKAGE:PATH', nargs='*',
-        help='package root of current directory, e.g. android.hardware:hardware/interfaces')
-    parser.add_argument('--filter-out', metavar='REGEX', nargs='*',
-        help='A regular expression that filters out interfaces.')
-    parser.add_argument('hashes', metavar='FILE', nargs='*',
-        help='Locations of current.txt for each release.')
-    parser.parse_args(namespace=Globals)
-
-    interfaces_for_level = dict()
-
-    for filename in Globals.hashes or tuple():
-        mo = re.match(Constants.CURRENT_TXT_PATTERN, filename)
-        assert mo is not None, \
-            'Input hash file names must have the format {} but is {}'.format(Constants.CURRENT_TXT_PATTERN, filename)
-
-        api_level = mo.group(1)
-        assert api_level_to_int(api_level) is not None
-
-        if api_level not in interfaces_for_level:
-            interfaces_for_level[api_level] = set()
-        interfaces_for_level[api_level].update(filter_out(get_interfaces(filename)))
-
-    for package_root in Globals.package_root or tuple():
-        tup = package_root.split(':')
-        assert len(tup) == 2, \
-            '--package-root must have the format PACKAGE:PATH, but is {}'.format(package_root)
-        if Constants.CURRENT not in interfaces_for_level:
-            interfaces_for_level[Constants.CURRENT] = set()
-        interfaces_for_level[Constants.CURRENT].update(filter_out(get_interfaces_from_package_root(*tup)))
-
-    seen_interfaces = set()
-    new_interfaces_for_level = collections.OrderedDict()
-    for level, interfaces in sorted(interfaces_for_level.items(), key=lambda tup: api_level_to_int(tup[0])):
-        if level != Constants.CURRENT:
-            removed_interfaces = seen_interfaces - interfaces
-            assert not removed_interfaces, \
-                "The following interfaces are removed from API level {}:\n{}".format(
-                    level, removed_interfaces)
-        new_interfaces_for_level[level] = sorted(interfaces - seen_interfaces)
-        seen_interfaces.update(interfaces)
-
-    print(json.dumps(new_interfaces_for_level,
-        separators=None if Globals.pretty else (',',':'),
-        indent=4 if Globals.pretty else None))
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    main()
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 9dec2f2..2351d90 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.radio@1.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_config: "vts_hal_radio_target_test.xml",
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -47,7 +48,8 @@
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.radio@1.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_config: "vts_hal_sap_target_test.xml",
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
 
 cc_library_static {
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index d53c062..9d61b52 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,12 +14,18 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h>
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, RadioHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::IRadio::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
 
     // setup seed for rand function
     int seedSrand = time(NULL);
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 859e6fb..b80b971 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,12 +14,18 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <sap_hidl_hal_utils.h>
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, SapHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::ISap::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(SapHidlEnvironment::Instance());
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    SapHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
 
     // setup seed for rand function
     int seedSrand = time(NULL);
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_cell_broadcast.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_cell_broadcast.cpp
index 2c1eb60..125ea0c 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_cell_broadcast.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_cell_broadcast.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setGsmBroadcastConfig() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setGsmBroadcastConfig) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setGsmBroadcastConfig) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create GsmBroadcastSmsConfigInfo #1
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getGsmBroadcastConfig() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getGsmBroadcastConfig) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getGsmBroadcastConfig) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getGsmBroadcastConfig(serial);
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCdmaBroadcastConfig() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaBroadcastConfig) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaBroadcastConfig) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     CdmaBroadcastSmsConfigInfo cbSmsConfig;
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCdmaBroadcastConfig() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCdmaBroadcastConfig) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCdmaBroadcastConfig) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCdmaBroadcastConfig(serial);
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCdmaBroadcastActivation() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaBroadcastActivation) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaBroadcastActivation) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool activate = false;
 
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setGsmBroadcastActivation() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setGsmBroadcastActivation) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setGsmBroadcastActivation) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool activate = false;
 
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_data.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_data.cpp
index eaef3ed..d937d74 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_data.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_data.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getDataRegistrationState() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getDataRegistrationState) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getDataRegistrationState) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getDataRegistrationState(serial);
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setupDataCall() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setupDataCall) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setupDataCall) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioTechnology radioTechnology = RadioTechnology::LTE;
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.deactivateDataCall() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, deactivateDataCall) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, deactivateDataCall) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int cid = 1;
     bool reasonRadioShutDown = false;
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getDataCallList() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getDataCallList) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getDataCallList) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getDataCallList(serial);
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setInitialAttachApn() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setInitialAttachApn) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setInitialAttachApn) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     DataProfileInfo dataProfileInfo;
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setDataAllowed() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setDataAllowed) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setDataAllowed) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool allow = true;
 
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setDataProfile() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setDataProfile) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setDataProfile) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a dataProfileInfo
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_icc.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_icc.cpp
index 2670d96..60cb2fe 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_icc.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_icc.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getIccCardStatus() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getIccCardStatus) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getIccCardStatus) {
     EXPECT_LE(cardStatus.applications.size(), (unsigned int)RadioConst::CARD_MAX_APPS);
     EXPECT_LT(cardStatus.gsmUmtsSubscriptionAppIndex, (int)RadioConst::CARD_MAX_APPS);
     EXPECT_LT(cardStatus.cdmaSubscriptionAppIndex, (int)RadioConst::CARD_MAX_APPS);
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.supplyIccPinForApp() for the response returned
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPinForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPinForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong password and check PASSWORD_INCORRECT returned for 3GPP and
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.supplyIccPukForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPukForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPukForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong password and check PASSWORD_INCORRECT returned for 3GPP and
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.supplyIccPin2ForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPin2ForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPin2ForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong password and check PASSWORD_INCORRECT returned for 3GPP and
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.supplyIccPuk2ForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPuk2ForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPuk2ForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong password and check PASSWORD_INCORRECT returned for 3GPP and
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.changeIccPinForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, changeIccPinForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, changeIccPinForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong password and check PASSWORD_INCORRECT returned for 3GPP and
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.changeIccPin2ForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, changeIccPin2ForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, changeIccPin2ForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong password and check PASSWORD_INCORRECT returned for 3GPP and
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getImsiForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getImsiForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getImsiForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Check success returned while getting imsi for 3GPP and 3GPP2 apps only
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.iccIOForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, iccIOForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, iccIOForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     for (int i = 0; i < (int)cardStatus.applications.size(); i++) {
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.iccTransmitApduBasicChannel() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, iccTransmitApduBasicChannel) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, iccTransmitApduBasicChannel) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     SimApdu msg;
     memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.iccOpenLogicalChannel() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, iccOpenLogicalChannel) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, iccOpenLogicalChannel) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int p2 = 0x04;
     // Specified in ISO 7816-4 clause 7.1.1 0x04 means that FCP template is requested.
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.iccCloseLogicalChannel() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, iccCloseLogicalChannel) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, iccCloseLogicalChannel) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     // Try closing invalid channel and check INVALID_ARGUMENTS returned as error
     radio->iccCloseLogicalChannel(serial, 0);
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.iccTransmitApduLogicalChannel() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, iccTransmitApduLogicalChannel) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, iccTransmitApduLogicalChannel) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     SimApdu msg;
     memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.requestIccSimAuthentication() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, requestIccSimAuthentication) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, requestIccSimAuthentication) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong challenge string and check RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.supplyNetworkDepersonalization() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, supplyNetworkDepersonalization) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, supplyNetworkDepersonalization) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->supplyNetworkDepersonalization(serial, hidl_string("test"));
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_ims.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_ims.cpp
index 4331c06..e253dcf 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_ims.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_ims.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getClir() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getClir) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getClir) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getClir(serial);
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setClir() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setClir) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setClir) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int32_t status = 1;
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getFacilityLockForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getFacilityLockForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getFacilityLockForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     std::string facility = "";
     std::string password = "";
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setFacilityLockForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setFacilityLockForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setFacilityLockForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     std::string facility = "";
     bool lockState = false;
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setBarringPassword() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setBarringPassword) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setBarringPassword) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     std::string facility = "";
     std::string oldPassword = "";
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getClip() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getClip) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getClip) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getClip(serial);
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSuppServiceNotifications() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setSuppServiceNotifications) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setSuppServiceNotifications) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool enable = false;
 
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.requestIsimAuthentication() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, requestIsimAuthentication) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, requestIsimAuthentication) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     std::string challenge = "";
 
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getImsRegistrationState() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getImsRegistrationState) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getImsRegistrationState) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getImsRegistrationState(serial);
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp
index 3499762..d04cb36 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getSignalStrength() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getSignalStrength) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getSignalStrength) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getSignalStrength(serial);
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getVoiceRegistrationState() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getVoiceRegistrationState) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getVoiceRegistrationState) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getVoiceRegistrationState(serial);
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getOperator() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getOperator) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getOperator) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getOperator(serial);
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setRadioPower() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setRadioPower) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setRadioPower) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setRadioPower(serial, 1);
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getNetworkSelectionMode() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getNetworkSelectionMode) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getNetworkSelectionMode) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getNetworkSelectionMode(serial);
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setNetworkSelectionModeAutomatic() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setNetworkSelectionModeAutomatic) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setNetworkSelectionModeAutomatic) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setNetworkSelectionModeAutomatic(serial);
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setNetworkSelectionModeManual() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setNetworkSelectionModeManual) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setNetworkSelectionModeManual) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setNetworkSelectionModeManual(serial, "123456");
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getAvailableNetworks() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getAvailableNetworks) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getAvailableNetworks) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getAvailableNetworks(serial);
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getBasebandVersion() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getBasebandVersion) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getBasebandVersion) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getBasebandVersion(serial);
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setBandMode() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setBandMode) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setBandMode) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setBandMode(serial, RadioBandMode::BAND_MODE_USA);
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getAvailableBandModes() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getAvailableBandModes) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getAvailableBandModes) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getAvailableBandModes(serial);
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setPreferredNetworkType() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setPreferredNetworkType) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setPreferredNetworkType) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setPreferredNetworkType(serial, PreferredNetworkType::GSM_ONLY);
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getPreferredNetworkType() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getPreferredNetworkType) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getPreferredNetworkType) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getPreferredNetworkType(serial);
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getNeighboringCids() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getNeighboringCids) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getNeighboringCids) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getNeighboringCids(serial);
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setLocationUpdates() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setLocationUpdates) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setLocationUpdates) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setLocationUpdates(serial, true);
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCdmaRoamingPreference() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaRoamingPreference) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaRoamingPreference) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setCdmaRoamingPreference(serial, CdmaRoamingType::HOME_NETWORK);
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCdmaRoamingPreference() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCdmaRoamingPreference) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCdmaRoamingPreference) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCdmaRoamingPreference(serial);
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getTTYMode() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getTTYMode) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getTTYMode) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getTTYMode(serial);
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setTTYMode() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setTTYMode) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setTTYMode) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setTTYMode(serial, TtyMode::OFF);
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setPreferredVoicePrivacy() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setPreferredVoicePrivacy) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setPreferredVoicePrivacy) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setPreferredVoicePrivacy(serial, true);
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getPreferredVoicePrivacy() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getPreferredVoicePrivacy) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getPreferredVoicePrivacy) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getPreferredVoicePrivacy(serial);
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCDMASubscription() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCDMASubscription) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCDMASubscription) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCDMASubscription(serial);
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getDeviceIdentity() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getDeviceIdentity) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getDeviceIdentity) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getDeviceIdentity(serial);
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.exitEmergencyCallbackMode() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, exitEmergencyCallbackMode) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, exitEmergencyCallbackMode) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->exitEmergencyCallbackMode(serial);
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCdmaSubscriptionSource() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCdmaSubscriptionSource) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCdmaSubscriptionSource) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCdmaSubscriptionSource(serial);
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCdmaSubscriptionSource() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaSubscriptionSource) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaSubscriptionSource) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setCdmaSubscriptionSource(serial, CdmaSubscriptionSource::RUIM_SIM);
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getVoiceRadioTechnology() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getVoiceRadioTechnology) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getVoiceRadioTechnology) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getVoiceRadioTechnology(serial);
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCellInfoList() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCellInfoList) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCellInfoList) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCellInfoList(serial);
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCellInfoListRate() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCellInfoListRate) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCellInfoListRate) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // TODO(sanketpadawe): RIL crashes with value of rate = 10
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.nvReadItem() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, nvReadItem) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, nvReadItem) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->nvReadItem(serial, NvItem::LTE_BAND_ENABLE_25);
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.nvWriteItem() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, nvWriteItem) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, nvWriteItem) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     NvWriteItem item;
     memset(&item, 0, sizeof(item));
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.nvWriteCdmaPrl() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, nvWriteCdmaPrl) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, nvWriteCdmaPrl) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     std::vector<uint8_t> prl = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
 
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.nvResetConfig() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, nvResetConfig) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, nvResetConfig) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->nvResetConfig(serial, ResetNvType::ERASE);
@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setUiccSubscription() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setUiccSubscription) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setUiccSubscription) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     SelectUiccSub item;
     memset(&item, 0, sizeof(item));
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getHardwareConfig() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getHardwareConfig) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getHardwareConfig) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getHardwareConfig(serial);
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.requestShutdown() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, requestShutdown) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, requestShutdown) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->requestShutdown(serial);
@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getRadioCapability() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getRadioCapability) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getRadioCapability) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getRadioCapability(serial);
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setRadioCapability() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setRadioCapability) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setRadioCapability) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     RadioCapability rc;
     memset(&rc, 0, sizeof(rc));
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startLceService() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, startLceService) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, startLceService) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->startLceService(serial, 5, true);
@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.stopLceService() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, stopLceService) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, stopLceService) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->stopLceService(serial);
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.pullLceData() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, pullLceData) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, pullLceData) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->pullLceData(serial);
@@ -741,7 +741,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getModemActivityInfo() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getModemActivityInfo) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getModemActivityInfo) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getModemActivityInfo(serial);
@@ -758,7 +758,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setAllowedCarriers() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setAllowedCarriers) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setAllowedCarriers) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     CarrierRestrictions carriers;
     memset(&carriers, 0, sizeof(carriers));
@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getAllowedCarriers() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getAllowedCarriers) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getAllowedCarriers) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getAllowedCarriers(serial);
@@ -852,7 +852,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendDeviceState() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendDeviceState) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendDeviceState) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->sendDeviceState(serial, DeviceStateType::POWER_SAVE_MODE, true);
@@ -871,7 +871,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setIndicationFilter() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setIndicationFilter) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setIndicationFilter) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setIndicationFilter(serial, 1);
@@ -890,7 +890,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSimCardPower() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setSimCardPower) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setSimCardPower) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setSimCardPower(serial, true);
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_sms.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_sms.cpp
index 9e41429..58c3bbd 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_sms.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_sms.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendSms() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendSms) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendSms) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     GsmSmsMessage msg;
     msg.smscPdu = "";
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendSMSExpectMore() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendSMSExpectMore) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendSMSExpectMore) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     GsmSmsMessage msg;
     msg.smscPdu = "";
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.acknowledgeLastIncomingGsmSms() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, acknowledgeLastIncomingGsmSms) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, acknowledgeLastIncomingGsmSms) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool success = true;
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.acknowledgeIncomingGsmSmsWithPdu() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, acknowledgeIncomingGsmSmsWithPdu) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, acknowledgeIncomingGsmSmsWithPdu) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool success = true;
     std::string ackPdu = "";
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendCdmaSms() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendCdmaSms) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendCdmaSms) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a CdmaSmsAddress
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.acknowledgeLastIncomingCdmaSms() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, acknowledgeLastIncomingCdmaSms) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, acknowledgeLastIncomingCdmaSms) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a CdmaSmsAck
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendImsSms() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendImsSms) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendImsSms) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a CdmaSmsAddress
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getSmscAddress() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getSmscAddress) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getSmscAddress) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getSmscAddress(serial);
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSmscAddress() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setSmscAddress) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setSmscAddress) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     hidl_string address = hidl_string("smscAddress");
 
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.writeSmsToSim() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, writeSmsToSim) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, writeSmsToSim) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     SmsWriteArgs smsWriteArgs;
     smsWriteArgs.status = SmsWriteArgsStatus::REC_UNREAD;
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.deleteSmsOnSim() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, deleteSmsOnSim) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, deleteSmsOnSim) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int index = 1;
 
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.writeSmsToRuim() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, writeSmsToRuim) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, writeSmsToRuim) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a CdmaSmsAddress
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.deleteSmsOnRuim() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, deleteSmsOnRuim) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, deleteSmsOnRuim) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int index = 1;
 
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.reportSmsMemoryStatus() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, reportSmsMemoryStatus) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, reportSmsMemoryStatus) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool available = true;
 
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_stk.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_stk.cpp
index a3b5029..1170111 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_stk.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_stk.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendEnvelope() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendEnvelope) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendEnvelope) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Test with sending empty string
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendTerminalResponseToSim() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendTerminalResponseToSim) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendTerminalResponseToSim) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Test with sending empty string
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.handleStkCallSetupRequestFromSim() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, handleStkCallSetupRequestFromSim) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, handleStkCallSetupRequestFromSim) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool accept = false;
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.reportStkServiceIsRunning() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, reportStkServiceIsRunning) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, reportStkServiceIsRunning) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->reportStkServiceIsRunning(serial);
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
  * Test IRadio.sendEnvelopeWithStatus() for the response returned with empty
  * string.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendEnvelopeWithStatus) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendEnvelopeWithStatus) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Test with sending empty string
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index 96719d6..3c833c0 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,13 +17,10 @@
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h>
 
 void RadioHidlTest::SetUp() {
-    radio = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IRadio>(
-        RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IRadio>(hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+    radio = IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     if (radio == NULL) {
         sleep(60);
-        radio = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IRadio>(
-                hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+        radio = IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     }
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radio.get());
 
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h
index 23bc434..8a551f7 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -26,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/IRadioIndication.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/IRadioResponse.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
@@ -515,23 +514,9 @@
                             const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& reason);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
-class RadioHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RadioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RadioHidlEnvironment* instance = new RadioHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IRadio>(); }
-
-   private:
-    RadioHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Radio HIDL.
-class RadioHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class RadioHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
     std::mutex mtx;
     std::condition_variable cv;
     int count;
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_voice.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_voice.cpp
index 1fce470..a192a33 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_voice.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_voice.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCurrentCalls() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCurrentCalls) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCurrentCalls) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCurrentCalls(serial);
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.dial() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, dial) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, dial) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Dial dialInfo;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.hangup() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, hangup) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, hangup) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->hangup(serial, 1);
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.hangupWaitingOrBackground() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, hangupWaitingOrBackground) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, hangupWaitingOrBackground) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->hangupWaitingOrBackground(serial);
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.hangupForegroundResumeBackground() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, hangupForegroundResumeBackground) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, hangupForegroundResumeBackground) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->hangupForegroundResumeBackground(serial);
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.switchWaitingOrHoldingAndActive() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, switchWaitingOrHoldingAndActive) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, switchWaitingOrHoldingAndActive) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->switchWaitingOrHoldingAndActive(serial);
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.conference() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, conference) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, conference) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->conference(serial);
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.rejectCall() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, rejectCall) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, rejectCall) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->rejectCall(serial);
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getLastCallFailCause() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getLastCallFailCause) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getLastCallFailCause) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getLastCallFailCause(serial);
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendUssd() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendUssd) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendUssd) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     radio->sendUssd(serial, hidl_string("test"));
     EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.cancelPendingUssd() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, cancelPendingUssd) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, cancelPendingUssd) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->cancelPendingUssd(serial);
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCallForwardStatus() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCallForwardStatus) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCallForwardStatus) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     CallForwardInfo callInfo;
     memset(&callInfo, 0, sizeof(callInfo));
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCallForward() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCallForward) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCallForward) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     CallForwardInfo callInfo;
     memset(&callInfo, 0, sizeof(callInfo));
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCallWaiting() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCallWaiting) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCallWaiting) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCallWaiting(serial, 1);
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCallWaiting() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCallWaiting) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCallWaiting) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setCallWaiting(serial, true, 1);
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.acceptCall() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, acceptCall) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, acceptCall) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->acceptCall(serial);
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.separateConnection() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, separateConnection) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, separateConnection) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->separateConnection(serial, 1);
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.explicitCallTransfer() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, explicitCallTransfer) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, explicitCallTransfer) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->explicitCallTransfer(serial);
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendCDMAFeatureCode() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendCDMAFeatureCode) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendCDMAFeatureCode) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->sendCDMAFeatureCode(serial, hidl_string());
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendDtmf() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendDtmf) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendDtmf) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->sendDtmf(serial, "1");
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startDtmf() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, startDtmf) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, startDtmf) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->startDtmf(serial, "1");
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.stopDtmf() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, stopDtmf) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, stopDtmf) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->stopDtmf(serial);
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setMute() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setMute) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setMute) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setMute(serial, true);
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getMute() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getMute) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getMute) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getMute(serial);
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendBurstDtmf() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendBurstDtmf) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendBurstDtmf) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->sendBurstDtmf(serial, "1", 0, 0);
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index 1d79ff6..6bd2c88 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 /*
  * Test ISap.connectReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, connectReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, connectReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int32_t maxMsgSize = 100;
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.disconnectReq() for the response returned
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, disconnectReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, disconnectReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     sap->disconnectReq(token);
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.apduReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, apduReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, apduReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     SapApduType sapApduType = SapApduType::APDU;
     android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> command = {};
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.transferAtrReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, transferAtrReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, transferAtrReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     sap->transferAtrReq(token);
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.powerReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, powerReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, powerReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool state = true;
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.resetSimReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, resetSimReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, resetSimReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     sap->resetSimReq(token);
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.transferCardReaderStatusReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, transferCardReaderStatusReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, transferCardReaderStatusReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     sap->transferCardReaderStatusReq(token);
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setTransferProtocolReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, setTransferProtocolReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, setTransferProtocolReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     SapTransferProtocol sapTransferProtocol = SapTransferProtocol::T0;
 
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index 65b344b..fe10587 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,8 +17,7 @@
 #include <sap_hidl_hal_utils.h>
 
 void SapHidlTest::SetUp() {
-    sap = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ISap>(
-        SapHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<ISap>(hidl_string(SAP_SERVICE_NAME)));
+    sap = ISap::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(sap, nullptr);
 
     sapCb = new SapCallback(*this);
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_utils.h b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_utils.h
index f432932..2fc9ae3 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_utils.h
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_utils.h
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -25,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/ISap.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/ISapCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
@@ -80,23 +79,9 @@
     Return<void> transferProtocolResponse(int32_t token, SapResultCode resultCode);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Sap HIDL HAL.
-class SapHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static SapHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static SapHidlEnvironment* instance = new SapHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<ISap>(); }
-
-   private:
-    SapHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Sap HIDL.
-class SapHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   private:
+class SapHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  private:
     std::mutex mtx;
     std::condition_variable cv;
     int count;
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_hal_radio_target_test.xml b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_hal_radio_target_test.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e4a1cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_hal_radio_target_test.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_hal_sap_target_test.xml b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_hal_sap_target_test.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..457d700
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_hal_sap_target_test.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.h b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.h
index 826f0de..05b47c9 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.h
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.h
@@ -16,9 +16,8 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::RadioError;
 using ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::SapResultCode;
diff --git a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 5695c6b..58aa67e 100644
--- a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -30,5 +30,5 @@
     header_libs: [
         "radio.util.header@1.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5badadd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest.cpp
index 83564ee..98dbf62 100644
--- a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,13 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_1.h>
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, RadioHidlTest_v1_1,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 ::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index 33347c5..02dcbab 100644
--- a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -20,10 +20,13 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSimCardPower() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, setSimCardPower_1_1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, setSimCardPower_1_1) {
     /* Record the sim card state for the testing environment */
     CardState cardStateForTest = cardStatus.cardState;
 
+#if 0
+    /* This test has to be removed for Japan Model.
+     * After "setSimCardPower power down", Japan model can not "setSimCardPower power up" */
     /* Test setSimCardPower power down */
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     radio_v1_1->setSimCardPower_1_1(serial, CardPowerState::POWER_DOWN);
@@ -46,6 +49,7 @@
         }
         EXPECT_EQ(CardState::ABSENT, cardStatus.cardState);
     }
+#endif
 
     /* Test setSimCardPower power up */
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
@@ -81,7 +85,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, startNetworkScan) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, startNetworkScan) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     NetworkScanRequest request;
@@ -115,7 +119,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     NetworkScanRequest request;
@@ -139,7 +143,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.stopNetworkScan() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, stopNetworkScan) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, stopNetworkScan) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio_v1_1->stopNetworkScan(serial);
@@ -158,7 +162,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCarrierInfoForImsiEncryption() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, setCarrierInfoForImsiEncryption) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, setCarrierInfoForImsiEncryption) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     ImsiEncryptionInfo imsiInfo;
     imsiInfo.mcc = "310";
@@ -181,7 +185,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startKeepalive() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, startKeepalive) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, startKeepalive) {
     std::vector<KeepaliveRequest> requests = {
         {
             // Invalid IPv4 source address
@@ -279,7 +283,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.stopKeepalive() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, stopKeepalive) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, stopKeepalive) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio_v1_1->stopKeepalive(serial, 0xBAD);
diff --git a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index 2f657b4..020168e 100644
--- a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,18 +17,10 @@
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_1.h>
 
 void RadioHidlTest_v1_1::SetUp() {
-    radio_v1_1 =
-        ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio>(
-                    hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+    radio_v1_1 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     if (radio_v1_1 == NULL) {
         sleep(60);
-        radio_v1_1 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio>(
-                    hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+        radio_v1_1 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     }
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radio_v1_1.get());
 
diff --git a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_1.h b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_1.h
index 925f4fc..b81ee13 100644
--- a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_1.h
+++ b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_1.h
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -26,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.1/IRadioIndication.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.1/IRadioResponse.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.1/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
@@ -535,25 +535,9 @@
                             const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& reason);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
-class RadioHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RadioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RadioHidlEnvironment* instance = new RadioHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio>();
-    }
-
-   private:
-    RadioHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Radio HIDL.
-class RadioHidlTest_v1_1 : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class RadioHidlTest_v1_1 : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
     std::mutex mtx;
     std::condition_variable cv;
     int count;
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
index c5838a8..f7189a8 100644
--- a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@
         "android.hardware.radio.config@1.1",
     ],
     header_libs: ["radio.util.header@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d92248
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest.cpp
index c1a2f3d..400e394 100644
--- a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,13 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_2.h>
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, RadioHidlTest_v1_2,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index a98f22a..7464307 100644
--- a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     if (radioConfig != NULL && DDS_LOGICAL_SLOT_INDEX != logicalSlotId) {
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid specifier.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {.type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid interval (lower boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid interval (upper boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid max search time (lower boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid max search time (upper boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid periodicity (lower boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid periodicity (upper boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with valid periodicity
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with valid periodicity and plmns
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setIndicationFilter_1_2()
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setIndicationFilter_1_2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setIndicationFilter_1_2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setIndicationFilter_1_2(
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria() with invalid hysteresisDb
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_invalidHysteresisDb) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_invalidHysteresisDb) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria(
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria() with empty parameters
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_EmptyParams) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_EmptyParams) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria(
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria() for GERAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Geran) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Geran) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria(
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria() for UTRAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Utran) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Utran) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria(
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria() for EUTRAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Eutran) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Eutran) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria(
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria() for CDMA2000
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Cdma2000) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Cdma2000) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria(
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria() invalid hysteresisDlKbps
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_invalidHysteresisDlKbps) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_invalidHysteresisDlKbps) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria(
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria() invalid hysteresisUlKbps
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_invalidHysteresisUlKbps) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_invalidHysteresisUlKbps) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria(
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria() empty params
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_emptyParams) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_emptyParams) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria(
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria() GERAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_Geran) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_Geran) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria(
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setupDataCall_1_2() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setupDataCall_1_2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setupDataCall_1_2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::AccessNetwork accessNetwork =
@@ -655,7 +655,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.deactivateDataCall_1_2() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, deactivateDataCall_1_2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, deactivateDataCall_1_2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int cid = 1;
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::DataRequestReason reason =
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCellInfoList() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getCellInfoList_1_2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getCellInfoList_1_2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->getCellInfoList(serial);
@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getVoiceRegistrationState() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getVoiceRegistrationState) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getVoiceRegistrationState) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->getVoiceRegistrationState(serial);
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getDataRegistrationState() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getDataRegistrationState) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getDataRegistrationState) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->getDataRegistrationState(serial);
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getAvailableBandModes() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getAvailableBandModes) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getAvailableBandModes) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->getAvailableBandModes(serial);
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index 21caddb..4845c7f 100644
--- a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,18 +17,10 @@
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_2.h>
 
 void RadioHidlTest_v1_2::SetUp() {
-    radio_v1_2 =
-        ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio>(
-                    hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+    radio_v1_2 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     if (radio_v1_2 == NULL) {
         sleep(60);
-        radio_v1_2 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio>(
-                    hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+        radio_v1_2 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     }
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radio_v1_2.get());
 
@@ -51,8 +43,7 @@
     /* Enforce Vts Testing with Sim Status Present only. */
     EXPECT_EQ(CardState::PRESENT, cardStatus.base.cardState);
 
-    radioConfig = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-            ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig>();
+    radioConfig = ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig::getService();
 
     /* Enforce Vts tesing with RadioConfig for network scan excemption. */
     // Some devices can only perform network scan on logical modem that currently used for packet
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_2.h b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_2.h
index 2db1cac..479340c 100644
--- a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_2.h
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_2.h
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -30,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.2/IRadioIndication.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.2/IRadioResponse.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.2/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
@@ -631,25 +631,9 @@
                             const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& reason);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
-class RadioHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RadioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RadioHidlEnvironment* instance = new RadioHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio>();
-    }
-
-   private:
-    RadioHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Radio HIDL.
-class RadioHidlTest_v1_2 : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class RadioHidlTest_v1_2 : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
     std::mutex mtx_;
     std::condition_variable cv_;
     int count_;
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 67aff6e..2301732 100644
--- a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -32,5 +32,5 @@
         "android.hardware.radio@1.0",
     ],
     header_libs: ["radio.util.header@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c910047
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest.cpp
index 7d2623e..2622bbc 100644
--- a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,13 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_3.h>
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, RadioHidlTest_v1_3,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 ::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index 813dd13..ca64305 100644
--- a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.enableMddem() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_3, enableModem) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_3, enableModem) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     bool responseToggle = radioRsp_v1_3->enableModemResponseToggle;
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getModemStackStatus() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_3, getModemStackStatus) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_3, getModemStackStatus) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_3->getModemStackStatus(serial);
@@ -75,38 +75,3 @@
             radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.error,
             {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR}));
 }
-
-/*
- * Test IRadio.setSystemSelectionChannels() for the response returned.
- *
- * This test is excluded from manifest, due to non-implementation in Q. Tracked by b/130254624.
- */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_3, setSystemSelectionChannels) {
-    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
-
-    RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
-                                      .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480},
-                                      .channels = {1, 2}};
-
-    Return<void> res = radio_v1_3->setSystemSelectionChannels(serial, true, {specifier});
-    ASSERT_OK(res);
-    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
-    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.type);
-    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.serial);
-    ALOGI("setSystemSelectionChannels, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
-          toString(radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.error).c_str());
-    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE, RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR}));
-
-    if (radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE) {
-        Return<void> res = radio_v1_3->setSystemSelectionChannels(serial, false, {specifier});
-        ASSERT_OK(res);
-        EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.type);
-        EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.serial);
-        ALOGI("setSystemSelectionChannels, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
-              toString(radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.error).c_str());
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.error);
-    }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index a876b1a..4581350 100644
--- a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,18 +17,10 @@
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_3.h>
 
 void RadioHidlTest_v1_3::SetUp() {
-    radio_v1_3 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                    ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio>(
-                            hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+    radio_v1_3 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     if (radio_v1_3 == NULL) {
         sleep(60);
-        radio_v1_3 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-                ::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio>(
-                RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                        ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio>(
-                                hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+        radio_v1_3 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     }
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radio_v1_3.get());
 
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_3.h b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_3.h
index 1d03a99..893eac5 100644
--- a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_3.h
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_3.h
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -609,25 +608,9 @@
                             const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& reason);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
-class RadioHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RadioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RadioHidlEnvironment* instance = new RadioHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio>();
-    }
-
-   private:
-    RadioHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Radio HIDL.
-class RadioHidlTest_v1_3 : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class RadioHidlTest_v1_3 : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
     std::mutex mtx_;
     std::condition_variable cv_;
     int count_;
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 6827132..8284404 100644
--- a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -35,5 +35,5 @@
         "android.hardware.radio.config@1.1",
     ],
     header_libs: ["radio.util.header@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"]
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"]
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c910047
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_4TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_4TargetTest.cpp
index d6330e6..23ec011 100644
--- a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_4TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_4TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,13 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_4.h>
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, RadioHidlTest_v1_4,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index a4953d7..95136bb 100644
--- a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.emergencyDial() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, emergencyDial) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, emergencyDial) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::Dial dialInfo;
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.emergencyDial() with specified service and its response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, emergencyDial_withServices) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, emergencyDial_withServices) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::Dial dialInfo;
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.emergencyDial() with known emergency call routing and its response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, emergencyDial_withEmergencyRouting) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, emergencyDial_withEmergencyRouting) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::Dial dialInfo;
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_4->getPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap(serial);
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_4->rspInfo.error);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     ::android::hardware::hidl_bitfield<::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::RadioAccessFamily>
             network_type_bitmap{};
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
  * REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED will be disallowed for all tests. Modems have "GSM" rat scan need to
  * support scanning requests combined with some parameters.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid specifier.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {.type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid interval (lower boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid interval (upper boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid max search time (lower boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid max search time (upper boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid periodicity (lower boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid periodicity (upper boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with valid periodicity
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with valid periodicity and plmns
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getSignalStrength_1_4() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getSignalStrength_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getSignalStrength_1_4) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio_v1_4->getSignalStrength_1_4(serial);
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setupDataCall_1_4() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setupDataCall_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setupDataCall_1_4) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::AccessNetwork accessNetwork =
@@ -617,7 +617,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getAllowedCarriers_1_4() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getAllowedCarriers_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getAllowedCarriers_1_4) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio_v1_4->getAllowedCarriers_1_4(serial);
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IRadio.setAllowedCarriers_1_4() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setAllowedCarriers_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setAllowedCarriers_1_4) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     CarrierRestrictionsWithPriority carrierRestrictions;
     memset(&carrierRestrictions, 0, sizeof(carrierRestrictions));
@@ -727,7 +727,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setDataProfile_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setDataProfile_1_4) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a dataProfileInfo
@@ -770,7 +770,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setInitialAttachApn_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setInitialAttachApn_1_4) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a dataProfileInfo
@@ -812,7 +812,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getDataRegistrationStateResponse_1_4() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getDataRegistrationState_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getDataRegistrationState_1_4) {
     int rat;
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index f27749b..15a0b24 100644
--- a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,18 +17,11 @@
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_4.h>
 
 void RadioHidlTest_v1_4::SetUp() {
-    radio_v1_4 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                    ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio>(
-                            hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+    radio_v1_4 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
+
     if (radio_v1_4 == NULL) {
         sleep(60);
-        radio_v1_4 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-                ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio>(
-                RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                        ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio>(
-                                hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+        radio_v1_4 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     }
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radio_v1_4.get());
 
@@ -48,8 +41,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_4->rspInfo.error);
 
     sp<::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig> radioConfig =
-            ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-                    ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig>();
+            ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig::getService();
 
     /* Enforce Vts tesing with RadioConfig is existed. */
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radioConfig.get());
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_4.h b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_4.h
index b07f9c3..31b7e13 100644
--- a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_4.h
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_4.h
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -28,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.4/IRadioIndication.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.4/IRadioResponse.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.4/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
@@ -705,25 +705,9 @@
                             const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& reason);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
-class RadioHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RadioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RadioHidlEnvironment* instance = new RadioHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio>();
-    }
-
-   private:
-    RadioHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Radio HIDL.
-class RadioHidlTest_v1_4 : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class RadioHidlTest_v1_4 : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
     std::mutex mtx_;
     std::condition_variable cv_;
     int count_;
diff --git a/radio/1.5/Android.bp b/radio/1.5/Android.bp
index de9ec6e..06a2a6e 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.5/Android.bp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
         "android.hardware.radio@1.3",
         "android.hardware.radio@1.4",
         "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.safe_union@1.0",
     ],
     gen_java: true,
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.5/IRadio.hal b/radio/1.5/IRadio.hal
index 74ec56d..956f9bd 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/IRadio.hal
+++ b/radio/1.5/IRadio.hal
@@ -16,8 +16,17 @@
 
 package android.hardware.radio@1.5;
 
+import @1.0::CdmaSmsMessage;
+import @1.2::DataRequestReason;
 import @1.4::IRadio;
 import @1.5::AccessNetwork;
+import @1.5::DataProfileInfo;
+import @1.5::IndicationFilter;
+import @1.5::LinkAddress;
+import @1.5::NetworkScanRequest;
+import @1.5::PersoSubstate;
+import @1.5::RadioAccessNetworks;
+import @1.5::RadioAccessSpecifier;
 import @1.5::SignalThresholdInfo;
 
 /**
@@ -29,7 +38,6 @@
  * setResponseFunctions must work with @1.5::IRadioResponse and @1.5::IRadioIndication.
  */
 interface IRadio extends @1.4::IRadio {
-
     /**
      * Sets the signal strength reporting criteria.
      *
@@ -41,18 +49,293 @@
      * -EUTRAN   - RSRP/RSRQ/RSSNR
      * -NGRAN    - SSRSRP/SSRSRQ/SSSINR
      *
-     * Note: Reporting criteria must be individually set for each RAN. For any unset reporting
-     * criteria, the value is implementation-defined.
+     * Note: Reporting criteria must be individually set for each RAN. For each RAN, if none of
+     * reporting criteria of any measurement is set enabled
+     * (see @1.5::SignalThresholdInfo.isEnabled), the reporting criteria for this RAN is
+     * implementation-defined. For each RAN, if any of reporting criteria of any measure is set
+     * enabled, the reporting criteria of the other measures in this RAN are set disabled
+     * (see @1.5::SignalThresholdInfo.isEnabled) until they are set enabled.
      *
      * Response callback is
      * IRadioResponse.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteriaResponse_1_5()
      *
      * @param serial Serial number of request.
      * @param signalThresholdInfo Signal threshold info including the threshold values,
-     *                            hysteresisDb, and hysteresisMs. See @1.5::SignalThresholdInfo
-     *                            for details.
+     *                            hysteresisDb, hysteresisMs and isEnabled.
+     *                            See @1.5::SignalThresholdInfo for details.
      * @param accessNetwork The type of network for which to apply these thresholds.
      */
     oneway setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(int32_t serial,
             SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo, AccessNetwork accessNetwork);
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the link capacity reporting criteria.
+     *
+     * The resulting reporting criteria are the AND of all the supplied criteria.
+     *
+     * Note: Reporting criteria must be individually set for each RAN. If unset, reporting criteria
+     * for that RAN are implementation-defined.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteriaResponse_1_5().
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param hysteresisMs A hysteresis time in milliseconds to prevent flapping. A value of 0
+     *     disables hysteresis.
+     * @param hysteresisDlKbps An interval in kbps defining the required magnitude change between DL
+     *     reports. hysteresisDlKbps must be smaller than the smallest threshold delta. A value of 0
+     *     disables hysteresis.
+     * @param hysteresisUlKbps An interval in kbps defining the required magnitude change between UL
+     *     reports. hysteresisUlKbps must be smaller than the smallest threshold delta. A value of 0
+     *     disables hysteresis.
+     * @param thresholdsDownlinkKbps A vector of trigger thresholds in kbps for downlink reports. A
+     *     vector size of 0 disables the use of DL thresholds for reporting.
+     * @param thresholdsUplinkKbps A vector of trigger thresholds in kbps for uplink reports. A
+     *     vector size of 0 disables the use of UL thresholds for reporting.
+     * @param accessNetwork The type of network for which to apply these thresholds.
+     */
+    oneway setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5(int32_t serial, int32_t hysteresisMs,
+            int32_t hysteresisDlKbps, int32_t hysteresisUlKbps, vec<int32_t> thresholdsDownlinkKbps,
+            vec<int32_t> thresholdsUplinkKbps, AccessNetwork accessNetwork);
+
+    /**
+     * Enable or disable UiccApplications on the SIM. If disabled:
+     *  - Modem will not register on any network.
+     *  - SIM must be PRESENT, and the IccId of the SIM must still be accessible.
+     *  - The corresponding modem stack is still functional, e.g. able to make emergency calls or
+     *    do network scan.
+     * By default if this API is not called, the uiccApplications must be enabled automatically.
+     * It must work for both single SIM and DSDS cases for UX consistency.
+     * The preference is per SIM, and must be remembered over power cycle, modem reboot, or SIM
+     * insertion / unplug.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param enable true if to enable uiccApplications, false to disable.
+
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.enableUiccApplicationsResponse()
+     */
+    oneway enableUiccApplications(int32_t serial, bool enable);
+
+    /**
+     * Whether uiccApplications are enabled, or disabled.
+     *
+     * By default uiccApplications must be enabled, unless enableUiccApplications() with enable
+     * being false is called.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.areUiccApplicationsEnabledResponse()
+     */
+    oneway areUiccApplicationsEnabled(int32_t serial);
+
+    /**
+     * Specify which bands modem's background scan must act on.
+     * If specifyChannels is true, it only scans bands specified in specifiers.
+     * If specifyChannels is false, it scans all bands.
+     *
+     * For example, CBRS is only on LTE band 48. By specifying this band,
+     * modem saves more power.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param specifyChannels whether to scan bands defined in specifiers.
+     * @param specifiers which bands to scan. Only used if specifyChannels is true.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.setSystemSelectionChannelsResponse()
+     */
+    oneway setSystemSelectionChannels_1_5(int32_t serial, bool specifyChannels,
+            vec<RadioAccessSpecifier> specifiers);
+
+    /**
+     * Starts a network scan.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param request Defines the radio networks/bands/channels which need to be scanned.
+     *
+     * Same API as @1.4::IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_4, except using the
+     * 1.5 NetworkScanRequest as the input param.
+     */
+    oneway startNetworkScan_1_5(int32_t serial, NetworkScanRequest request);
+
+    /**
+     * Setup a packet data connection. If DataCallResponse.status returns DataCallFailCause:NONE,
+     * the data connection must be added to data calls and a unsolDataCallListChanged() must be
+     * sent. The call remains until removed by subsequent unsolDataCallIstChanged(). It may be
+     * lost due to many factors, including deactivateDataCall() being issued, the radio powered
+     * off, reception lost or even transient factors like congestion. This data call list is
+     * returned by getDataCallList() and dataCallListChanged().
+     *
+     * The Radio is expected to:
+     *   - Create one data call context.
+     *   - Create and configure a dedicated interface for the context.
+     *   - The interface must be point to point.
+     *   - The interface is configured with one or more addresses and is capable of sending and
+     *     receiving packets. The prefix length of the addresses must be /32 for IPv4 and /128
+     *     for IPv6.
+     *   - Must not modify routing configuration related to this interface; routing management is
+     *     exclusively within the purview of the Android OS.
+     *   - Support simultaneous data call contexts up to DataRegStateResult.maxDataCalls specified
+     *     in the response of getDataRegistrationState.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param accessNetwork The access network to setup the data call. If the data connection cannot
+     *     be established on the specified access network, the setup request must be failed.
+     * @param dataProfileInfo Data profile info.
+     * @param roamingAllowed Indicates whether or not data roaming is allowed by the user.
+     * @param reason The request reason. Must be DataRequestReason.NORMAL or
+     *     DataRequestReason.HANDOVER.
+     * @param addresses If the reason is DataRequestReason.HANDOVER, this indicates the list of link
+     *     addresses of the existing data connection. This parameter must be ignored unless reason
+     *     is DataRequestReason.HANDOVER.
+     * @param dnses If the reason is DataRequestReason.HANDOVER, this indicates the list of DNS
+     *     addresses of the existing data connection. The format is defined in RFC-4291 section
+     *     2.2. For example, "192.0.1.3" or "2001:db8::1". This parameter must be ignored unless
+     *     reason is DataRequestReason.HANDOVER.
+     *
+     * Response function is IRadioResponse.setupDataCallResponse_1_5()
+     *
+     * Note this API is the same as the 1.4 version except using the
+     * 1.5 AccessNetwork, DataProfileInto, and LinkAddress as the input param.
+     */
+    oneway setupDataCall_1_5(int32_t serial, AccessNetwork accessNetwork,
+            DataProfileInfo dataProfileInfo, bool roamingAllowed,
+            DataRequestReason reason, vec<LinkAddress> addresses, vec<string> dnses);
+
+    /**
+     * Set an APN to initial attach network.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param dataProfileInfo data profile containing APN settings
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.setInitialAttachApnResponse_1_5()
+     *
+     * Note this API is the same as the 1.4 version except using the 1.5 DataProfileInfo
+     * as the input param.
+     */
+    oneway setInitialAttachApn_1_5(int32_t serial, DataProfileInfo dataProfileInfo);
+
+    /**
+     * Send data profiles of the current carrier to the modem.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param profiles Array of DataProfileInfo to set.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.setDataProfileResponse_1_5()
+     *
+     * Note this API is the same as the 1.4 version except using the 1.5 DataProfileInfo
+     * as the input param.
+     */
+    oneway setDataProfile_1_5(int32_t serial, vec<DataProfileInfo> profiles);
+
+    /**
+     * Toggle radio on and off (for "airplane" mode)
+     * If the radio is turned off/on the radio modem subsystem
+     * is expected return to an initialized state. For instance,
+     * any voice and data calls must be terminated and all associated
+     * lists emptied.
+     *
+     * When setting radio power on to exit from airplane mode to place an emergency call on this
+     * logical modem, powerOn, forEmergencyCall and preferredForEmergencyCall must be true. In
+     * this case, this modem is optimized to scan only emergency call bands, until:
+     * 1) Emergency call is completed; or
+     * 2) Another setRadioPower_1_5 is issued with forEmergencyCall being false or
+     * preferredForEmergencyCall being false; or
+     * 3) Timeout after 30 seconds if dial or emergencyDial is not called.
+     * Once one of these conditions is reached, the modem should move into normal operation.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param powerOn To turn on radio -> on = true, to turn off radio -> on = false.
+     * @param forEmergencyCall To indication to radio if this request is due to emergency call.
+     *      No effect if powerOn is false.
+     * @param preferredForEmergencyCall indicate whether the following emergency call will be sent
+     *      on this modem or not. No effect if forEmergencyCall is false, or powerOn is false.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioConfigResponse. setRadioPowerResponse_1_5.
+     */
+    oneway setRadioPower_1_5(int32_t serial, bool powerOn, bool forEmergencyCall,
+            bool preferredForEmergencyCall);
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the indication filter.
+     *
+     * Prevents the reporting of specified unsolicited indications from the radio. This is used
+     * for power saving in instances when those indications are not needed. If unset, defaults to
+     * @1.5::IndicationFilter:ALL.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param indicationFilter 32-bit bitmap of IndicationFilter. Bits set to 1 indicate the
+     *     indications are enabled. See @1.5::IndicationFilter for the definition of each bit.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.setIndicationFilterResponse()
+     */
+    oneway setIndicationFilter_1_5(int32_t serial, bitfield<IndicationFilter> indicationFilter);
+
+    /**
+     * Get all the barring info for the current camped cell applicable to the current user.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.getBarringInfoResponse()
+     */
+    oneway getBarringInfo(int32_t serial);
+
+    /**
+     * Request current voice registration state.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     *
+     * Response function is IRadioResponse.getVoiceRegistrationStateResponse_1_5()
+     */
+    oneway getVoiceRegistrationState_1_5(int32_t serial);
+
+    /**
+     * Request current data registration state.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     *
+     * Response function is IRadioResponse.getDataRegistrationStateResponse_1_5()
+     */
+    oneway getDataRegistrationState_1_5(int32_t serial);
+
+    /*
+     * Manually select a specified network.
+     * This request must not respond until the new operator is selected and registered.
+     * Per TS 23.122, the RAN is just the initial suggested value.
+     * If registration fails, the RAN is not available afterwards, or the RAN is not within
+     * the network types specified by IRadio::setPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap, then the modem
+     * will need to select the next best RAN for network registration.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param operatorNumeric String specifying MCCMNC of network to select (eg "310170").
+     * @param ran Initial suggested radio access network type. If value is UNKNOWN, the modem
+     *     will select the next best RAN for network registration.
+     *
+     * Response function is IRadioResponse.setNetworkSelectionModeManualResponse_1_5()
+     */
+    oneway setNetworkSelectionModeManual_1_5(int32_t serial, string operatorNumeric,
+            RadioAccessNetworks ran);
+
+    /**
+     * Send an SMS message. Identical to sendCdmaSms,
+     * except that more messages are expected to be sent soon.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param sms Cdma Sms to be sent described by CdmaSmsMessage in types.hal
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.sendCdmaSMSExpectMoreResponse()
+     */
+    oneway sendCdmaSmsExpectMore(int32_t serial, CdmaSmsMessage sms);
+
+    /**
+     * Request that deactivates one category of device personalization. Device personalization
+     * generally binds the device so it can only be used on one carrier or even one carrier subnet
+     * (See TS 22.022). When the user has gained the rights to unbind the device (at the end of a
+     * contract period or other event), the controlKey will be delivered to either the user for
+     * manual entry or to a carrier app on the device for automatic entry.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param persoType SIM personalization type.
+     * @param controlKey the unlock code for removing persoType personalization from this device
+     *
+     * Response function is IRadioResponse.supplySimDepersonalizationResponse()
+     */
+    oneway supplySimDepersonalization(int32_t serial, PersoSubstate persoType, string controlKey);
 };
diff --git a/radio/1.5/IRadioIndication.hal b/radio/1.5/IRadioIndication.hal
index d488404..58e988f 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/IRadioIndication.hal
+++ b/radio/1.5/IRadioIndication.hal
@@ -23,4 +23,93 @@
  * Interface declaring unsolicited radio indications.
  */
 interface IRadioIndication extends @1.4::IRadioIndication {
+    /**
+     * Report change of whether uiccApplications are enabled, or disabled.
+     *
+     * @param type Type of radio indication
+     * @param enabled whether uiccApplications are enabled, or disabled
+     */
+    oneway uiccApplicationsEnablementChanged(RadioIndicationType type, bool enabled);
+
+    /**
+     * Report that Registration or a Location/Routing/Tracking Area update has failed.
+     *
+     * <p>Indicate whenever a registration procedure, including a location, routing, or tracking
+     * area update fails. This includes procedures that do not necessarily result in a change of
+     * the modem's registration status. If the modem's registration status changes, that is
+     * reflected in the onNetworkStateChanged() and subsequent get{Voice/Data}RegistrationState().
+     *
+     * @param cellIdentity the CellIdentity, which must include the globally unique identifier for
+     *        the cell (for example, all components of the CGI or ECGI).
+     * @param chosenPlmn a 5 or 6 digit alphanumeric PLMN (MCC|MNC) among those broadcast by the
+     *        cell that was chosen for the failed registration attempt.
+     * @param domain Domain::CS, Domain::PS, or both in case of a combined procedure.
+     * @param causeCode the primary failure cause code of the procedure.
+     *        For GSM/UMTS (MM), values are in TS 24.008 Sec 10.5.95
+     *        For GSM/UMTS (GMM), values are in TS 24.008 Sec 10.5.147
+     *        For LTE (EMM), cause codes are TS 24.301 Sec 9.9.3.9
+     *        For NR (5GMM), cause codes are TS 24.501 Sec 9.11.3.2
+     *        MAX_INT if this value is unused.
+     * @param additionalCauseCode the cause code of any secondary/combined procedure if appropriate.
+     *        For UMTS, if a combined attach succeeds for PS only, then the GMM cause code shall be
+     *        included as an additionalCauseCode.
+     *        For LTE (ESM), cause codes are in TS 24.301 9.9.4.4
+     *        MAX_INT if this value is unused.
+     */
+    oneway registrationFailed(
+            RadioIndicationType type, CellIdentity cellIdentity, string chosenPlmn,
+            bitfield<Domain> domain, int32_t causeCode, int32_t additionalCauseCode);
+
+    /**
+     * Indicate barring information for the user’s access category / access class and PLMN.
+     *
+     * <p>Provide information about the barring status of the cell for the user. The information
+     * provided should describe all barring configurations that are applicable to the current user,
+     * even if the user is not currently barred (due to conditional barring). This informs Android
+     * of likely future (statistical) barring for specific services.
+     *
+     * <p>This indication should be sent whenever the cell’s barring config changes for the current
+     * user, or if the user’s conditional barring status changes due to re-evaluation of the
+     * barring conditions. Barring status will likely change when the device camps for service,
+     * when PLMN selection is completed, when the device attempts to access a conditionally barred
+     * service, and when the System Information including barring info for a camped cell is updated.
+     */
+    oneway barringInfoChanged(
+            RadioIndicationType type, CellIdentity cellIdentity, vec<BarringInfo> barringInfos);
+
+    /**
+     * Report all of the current cell information known to the radio.
+     *
+     * This indication is updated from IRadioIndication@1.4 to report the @1.5 version of
+     * CellInfo.
+     *
+     * @param type Type of radio indication
+     * @param records Current cell information
+     */
+    oneway cellInfoList_1_5(RadioIndicationType type, vec<CellInfo> records);
+
+    /**
+     * Incremental network scan results.
+     *
+     * This indication is updated from IRadioIndication@1.4 to report the @1.5 version of
+     * CellInfo.
+     */
+    oneway networkScanResult_1_5(RadioIndicationType type, NetworkScanResult result);
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates data call contexts have changed.
+     *
+     * This indication is updated from IRadioIndication@1.4 to report the @1.5 version of
+     * SetupDataCallResult.
+     *
+     * @param type Type of radio indication
+     * @param dcList Array of SetupDataCallResult identical to that returned by
+     *        IRadio.getDataCallList(). It is the complete list of current data contexts including
+     *        new contexts that have been activated. A data call is only removed from this list
+     *        when below conditions matched.
+     *        1. The framework sends a IRadio.deactivateDataCall().
+     *        2. The radio is powered off/on.
+     *        3. Unsolicited disconnect from either modem or network side.
+     */
+    oneway dataCallListChanged_1_5(RadioIndicationType type, vec<SetupDataCallResult> dcList);
 };
diff --git a/radio/1.5/IRadioResponse.hal b/radio/1.5/IRadioResponse.hal
index 91dc1e0..1380da3 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/IRadioResponse.hal
+++ b/radio/1.5/IRadioResponse.hal
@@ -17,7 +17,15 @@
 package android.hardware.radio@1.5;
 
 import @1.0::RadioResponseInfo;
+import @1.0::SendSmsResult;
 import @1.4::IRadioResponse;
+import @1.5::BarringInfo;
+import @1.5::CardStatus;
+import @1.5::CellIdentity;
+import @1.5::CellInfo;
+import @1.5::PersoSubstate;
+import @1.5::RegStateResult;
+import @1.5::SetupDataCallResult;
 
 /**
  * Interface declaring response functions to solicited radio requests.
@@ -32,4 +40,296 @@
      *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
      */
     oneway setSignalStrengthReportingCriteriaResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     */
+    oneway setLinkCapacityReportingCriteriaResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:SIM_ABSENT
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:BUSY
+     */
+    oneway enableUiccApplicationsResponse(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param enabled whether Uicc applications are enabled.
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:SIM_ABSENT
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     */
+    oneway areUiccApplicationsEnabledResponse(RadioResponseInfo info, bool enabled);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     */
+    oneway setSystemSelectionChannelsResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:DEVICE_IN_USE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     */
+    oneway startNetworkScanResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param dcResponse SetupDataCallResult defined in types.hal
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE must be returned on both success and failure of setup with the
+     *              DataCallResponse.status containing the actual status
+     *              For all other errors the DataCallResponse is ignored.
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:OP_NOT_ALLOWED_BEFORE_REG_TO_NW
+     *   RadioError:OP_NOT_ALLOWED_DURING_VOICE_CALL
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:SIM_ABSENT
+     */
+    oneway setupDataCallResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info, SetupDataCallResult dcResponse);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param dcResponse List of SetupDataCallResult as defined in types.hal
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     *   RadioError:SIM_ABSENT
+     */
+    oneway getDataCallListResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info, vec<SetupDataCallResult> dcResponse);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:SUBSCRIPTION_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:NO_MEMORY
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:SYSTEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:NOT_PROVISIONED
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:CANCELLED
+     */
+    oneway setInitialAttachApnResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:SUBSCRIPTION_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:NO_MEMORY
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:CANCELLED
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     *   RadioError:SIM_ABSENT
+     */
+    oneway setDataProfileResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     */
+    oneway setRadioPowerResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:SYSTEM_ERR
+     */
+    oneway setIndicationFilterResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param cellIdentity CellIdentity for the barring infos.
+     * @param barringInfos a vector of barring info for all barring service types
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
+     */
+    oneway getBarringInfoResponse(RadioResponseInfo info, CellIdentity cellIdentity,
+            vec<BarringInfo> barringInfos);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param voiceRegResponse Current Voice registration response as defined by RegStateResult
+     *        in types.hal
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     */
+    oneway getVoiceRegistrationStateResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info,
+            RegStateResult voiceRegResponse);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param dataRegResponse Current Data registration response as defined by RegStateResult in
+     *        types.hal
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:NOT_PROVISIONED
+     */
+    oneway getDataRegistrationStateResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info,
+            RegStateResult dataRegResponse);
+
+    /**
+     * This is identitcal to getCellInfoListResponse_1_4 but uses an updated version of CellInfo.
+     *
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param cellInfo List of current cell information known to radio
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     */
+    oneway getCellInfoListResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info, vec<CellInfo> cellInfo);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:ILLEGAL_SIM_OR_ME
+     *   RadioError:OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_STATE
+     *   RadioError:NO_MEMORY
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:SYSTEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:CANCELLED
+     *
+     * Returns RadioError:ILLEGAL_SIM_OR_ME when the failure is permanent and
+     * no retries needed, such as illegal SIM or ME.
+     */
+    oneway setNetworkSelectionModeManualResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param sms Response to sms sent as defined by SendSmsResult in types.hal
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:SMS_SEND_FAIL_RETRY
+     *   RadioError:NETWORK_REJECT
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_STATE
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:NO_MEMORY
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_RATE_LIMITED
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_SMS_FORMAT
+     *   RadioError:SYSTEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:FDN_CHECK_FAILURE
+     *   RadioError:ENCODING_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_SMSC_ADDRESS
+     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:NETWORK_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_MODEM_STATE
+     *   RadioError:NETWORK_NOT_READY
+     *   RadioError:OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:CANCELLED
+     *   RadioError:SIM_ABSENT
+     */
+    oneway sendCdmaSmsExpectMoreResponse(RadioResponseInfo info, SendSmsResult sms);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct contatining response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param persoType SIM Personalisation type
+     * @param remainingRetries postiive values indicates number of retries remaining,
+     * must be equal to -1 if number of retries is infinite.
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:PASSWORD_INCORRECT (code is invalid)
+     *   RadioError:NO_MEMORY
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_SIM_STATE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:SYSTEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     */
+    oneway supplySimDepersonalizationResponse(RadioResponseInfo info,
+            PersoSubstate persoType, int32_t remainingRetries);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param cardStatus ICC card status as defined by CardStatus in types.hal
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     */
+    oneway getIccCardStatusResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info, CardStatus cardStatus);
 };
diff --git a/radio/1.5/types.hal b/radio/1.5/types.hal
index 2441b65..248f56e 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/types.hal
+++ b/radio/1.5/types.hal
@@ -16,7 +16,46 @@
 
 package android.hardware.radio@1.5;
 
+import @1.0::ApnAuthType;
+import @1.0::AppStatus;
+import @1.0::DataProfileId;
+import @1.0::DataProfileInfoType;
+import @1.0::GsmSignalStrength;
+import @1.0::LteSignalStrength;
+import @1.0::PersoSubstate;
+import @1.0::RadioError;
+import @1.0::RegState;
+import @1.0::TimeStampType;
+import @1.1::EutranBands;
+import @1.1::GeranBands;
+import @1.1::RadioAccessNetworks;
+import @1.1::ScanStatus;
+import @1.1::ScanType;
+import @1.1::UtranBands;
+import @1.2::CellConnectionStatus;
+import @1.2::CellIdentityCdma;
+import @1.2::CellIdentityGsm;
+import @1.2::CellIdentityWcdma;
+import @1.2::CellIdentityTdscdma;
+import @1.2::CellIdentityLte;
+import @1.2::CellInfoCdma;
+import @1.2::IndicationFilter;
+import @1.2::TdscdmaSignalStrength;
+import @1.2::WcdmaSignalStrength;
 import @1.4::AccessNetwork;
+import @1.4::ApnTypes;
+import @1.4::CardStatus;
+import @1.4::CellIdentityNr;
+import @1.4::DataCallFailCause;
+import @1.4::DataConnActiveStatus;
+import @1.4::LteVopsInfo;
+import @1.4::NrIndicators;
+import @1.4::NrSignalStrength;
+import @1.4::PdpProtocolType;
+import @1.4::RadioAccessFamily;
+import @1.4::RadioTechnology;
+
+import android.hidl.safe_union@1.0::Monostate;
 
 /**
  * Defining signal strength type.
@@ -45,9 +84,9 @@
     RSRP = 3,
     /**
      * Reference Signal Received Quality
-     * Range: -20 dB to -3 dB;
+     * Range: -34 dB to 3 dB;
      * Used RAN: EUTRAN
-     * Reference: 3GPP TS 36.133 9.1.7
+     * Reference: 3GPP TS 36.133 v12.6.0 section 9.1.7
      */
     RSRQ = 4,
     /**
@@ -89,7 +128,7 @@
     /** Signal Measurement Type */
     SignalMeasurementType signalMeasurement;
 
-    /** A hysteresis time in milliseconds to prevent flapping. A value of 0 disables hysteresis */
+    /** A hysteresis time in milliseconds to prevent flapping. A value of 0 disables hysteresis. */
     int32_t hysteresisMs;
 
     /**
@@ -106,11 +145,932 @@
      * A vector size of 0 disables the use of thresholds for reporting.
      */
     vec<int32_t> thresholds;
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates whether the reporting criteria of the corresponding measurement is enabled
+     * (isEnabled==true) or disabled (isEnabled==false).
+     *
+     * If enabled, modem must trigger the report based on the criteria.
+     * If disabled, modem must not trigger the report based on the criteria.
+     */
+    bool isEnabled;
 };
 
 enum AccessNetwork : @1.4::AccessNetwork {
     /**
-     *  Next-Generation Radio Access Network (NGRAN)
+     * Next-Generation Radio Access Network (NGRAN).
+     * Note NGRAN is only for standalone mode. Non-standalone mode uses AccessNetwork EUTRAN.
      */
     NGRAN = 6,
 };
+
+enum RadioAccessNetworks : @1.1::RadioAccessNetworks {
+    UNKNOWN = 0,
+    /** Next Generation Radio Access Network */
+    NGRAN = 4,
+    /** CDMA 2000 Network */
+    CDMA2000 = 5,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Overwritten from @1.1::RadioAccessSpecifier to add NGRAN and NgranBands.
+ */
+struct RadioAccessSpecifier {
+    /**
+     * The type of network to scan.
+     */
+    RadioAccessNetworks radioAccessNetwork;
+
+    /**
+     * The frequency bands to scan.
+     * Maximum length of the vector is 8.
+     */
+    safe_union Bands {
+        /** Valid only if radioAccessNetwork = GERAN. */
+        vec<GeranBands> geranBands;
+        /** Valid only if radioAccessNetwork = UTRAN. */
+        vec<UtranBands> utranBands;
+        /** Valid only if radioAccessNetwork = EUTRAN. */
+        vec<EutranBands> eutranBands;
+        /** Valid only if radioAccessNetwork = NGRAN. */
+        vec<NgranBands> ngranBands;
+    } bands;
+
+    /**
+     * The radio channels to scan as defined in 3GPP TS 25.101 and 36.101.
+     * Maximum length of the vector is 32.
+     */
+    vec<int32_t> channels;
+};
+
+enum NgranBands : int32_t {
+    /** 3GPP TS 38.101-1, Table 5.2-1: FR1 bands */
+    BAND_1 = 1,
+    BAND_2 = 2,
+    BAND_3 = 3,
+    BAND_5 = 5,
+    BAND_7 = 7,
+    BAND_8 = 8,
+    BAND_12 = 12,
+    BAND_14 = 14,
+    BAND_18 = 18,
+    BAND_20 = 20,
+    BAND_25 = 25,
+    BAND_28 = 28,
+    BAND_29 = 29,
+    BAND_30 = 30,
+    BAND_34 = 34,
+    BAND_38 = 38,
+    BAND_39 = 39,
+    BAND_40 = 40,
+    BAND_41 = 41,
+    BAND_48 = 48,
+    BAND_50 = 50,
+    BAND_51 = 51,
+    BAND_65 = 65,
+    BAND_66 = 66,
+    BAND_70 = 70,
+    BAND_71 = 71,
+    BAND_74 = 74,
+    BAND_75 = 75,
+    BAND_76 = 76,
+    BAND_77 = 77,
+    BAND_78 = 78,
+    BAND_79 = 79,
+    BAND_80 = 80,
+    BAND_81 = 81,
+    BAND_82 = 82,
+    BAND_83 = 83,
+    BAND_84 = 84,
+    BAND_86 = 86,
+    BAND_90 = 90,
+    /** 3GPP TS 38.101-2, Table 5.2-1: FR2 bands */
+    BAND_257 = 257,
+    BAND_258 = 258,
+    BAND_260 = 260,
+    BAND_261 = 261,
+};
+
+enum UtranBands : @1.1::UtranBands {
+    /** TD-SCDMA bands. 3GPP TS 25.102, Table 5.2: Frequency bands */
+    BAND_A = 101,
+    BAND_B = 102,
+    BAND_C = 103,
+    BAND_D = 104,
+    BAND_E = 105,
+    BAND_F = 106,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Overwritten from @1.2::NetworkScanRequest to update RadioAccessSpecifier to 1.5 version.
+ */
+struct NetworkScanRequest {
+    ScanType type;
+
+    /**
+     * Time interval in seconds between the completion of one scan and the start of
+     * a subsequent scan.
+     * Implementations may ignore this field unless the 'type' is 'PERIODIC'.
+     * Range: ScanIntervalRange:MIN to ScanIntervalRange:MAX
+     */
+    int32_t interval;
+
+    /**
+     * Networks with bands/channels to scan
+     * Maximum length of the vector is RadioConst:RADIO_ACCESS_SPECIFIER_MAX_SIZE
+     */
+    vec<RadioAccessSpecifier> specifiers;
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum duration of the periodic search (in seconds).
+     * If the search lasts maxSearchTime, it must be terminated.
+     * Range: MaxSearchTimeRange:MIN to MaxSearchTimeRange:MAX
+     */
+    int32_t maxSearchTime;
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates whether the modem must report incremental results of the network scan
+     * to the client.
+     * FALSE – Incremental results must not be reported.
+     * TRUE  – Incremental must be reported.
+     */
+    bool incrementalResults;
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates the periodicity with which the modem must report incremental results to
+     * the client (in seconds).
+     * Implementations may ignore this value if the incremental results are not requested.
+     * This value must be less than or equal to maxSearchTime.
+     * Range: IncrementalResultsPeriodicityRange:MIN to IncrementalResultsPeriodicityRange:MAX
+     */
+    int32_t incrementalResultsPeriodicity;
+
+    /**
+     * Describes the List of PLMN ids (MCC-MNC)
+     * If any PLMN of this list is found, search must end at that point and results with all
+     * PLMN found until that point should be sent as response.
+     * If the list is not sent, search to be completed until end and all PLMNs found to be
+     * reported.
+     */
+    vec<string> mccMncs;
+};
+
+enum ApnTypes : @1.4::ApnTypes {
+    /**
+     * APN type for XCAP
+     * NOTE: Due to the addition of this new value, the value ALL defined in
+     * 1.0::ApnTypes is deprecated and should not be used.
+     */
+    XCAP = 1 << 11,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Overwritten from @1.4::DataProfileInfo to update ApnTypes to 1.5 version and replace mtu with
+ * mtuV4 and mtuV6. In the future, this must be extended instead of overwritten.
+ */
+struct DataProfileInfo {
+    /** ID of the data profile. */
+    DataProfileId profileId;
+
+    /** The APN name. */
+    string apn;
+
+    /** PDP_type values. */
+    PdpProtocolType protocol;
+
+    /** PDP_type values used on roaming network. */
+    PdpProtocolType roamingProtocol;
+
+    /** APN authentication type. */
+    ApnAuthType authType;
+
+    /** The username for APN, or empty string. */
+    string user;
+
+    /** The password for APN, or empty string. */
+    string password;
+
+    /** Data profile technology type. */
+    DataProfileInfoType type;
+
+    /** The period in seconds to limit the maximum connections. */
+    int32_t maxConnsTime;
+
+    /** The maximum connections during maxConnsTime. */
+    int32_t maxConns;
+
+    /**
+     * The required wait time in seconds after a successful UE initiated disconnect of a given PDN
+     * connection before the device can send a new PDN connection request for that given PDN.
+     */
+    int32_t waitTime;
+
+    /** True to enable the profile, false to disable. */
+    bool enabled;
+
+    /** Supported APN types bitmap. See ApnTypes for the value of each bit. */
+    bitfield<ApnTypes> supportedApnTypesBitmap;
+
+    /** The bearer bitmap. See RadioAccessFamily for the value of each bit. */
+    bitfield<RadioAccessFamily> bearerBitmap;
+
+    /** Maximum transmission unit (MTU) size in bytes for IPv4. */
+    int32_t mtuV4;
+
+    /** Maximum transmission unit (MTU) size in bytes for IPv6. */
+    int32_t mtuV6;
+
+    /**
+     * True if this data profile was used to bring up the last default (i.e internet) data
+     * connection successfully.
+     */
+    bool preferred;
+
+    /**
+     * If true, modem must persist this data profile and profileId must not be
+     * set to DataProfileId.INVALID. If the same data profile exists, this data profile must
+     * overwrite it.
+     */
+    bool persistent;
+};
+
+/**
+ * The properties of the link address. This enum reflects the definition in
+ * if_addr.h in Linux kernel.
+ */
+enum AddressProperty : int32_t {
+    NONE = 0,
+
+    /** Indicates this address is deprecated */
+    DEPRECATED = 0x20,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Describes a data link address for mobile data connection.
+ */
+struct LinkAddress {
+    /**
+     * The format is IP address with optional "/"
+     * prefix length (The format is defined in RFC-4291 section 2.3). For example, "192.0.1.3",
+     * "192.0.1.11/16", or "2001:db8::1/64". Typically one IPv4 or one IPv6 or one of each. If
+     * the prefix length is absent, then the addresses are assumed to be point to point with
+     * IPv4 with prefix length 32 or IPv6 with prefix length 128.
+     */
+    string address;
+
+    /**
+     * The properties of the link address
+     */
+    bitfield<AddressProperty> properties;
+
+    /**
+     * The time, as reported by SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), when this link address will be or
+     * was deprecated. -1 indicates this information is not available. At the time existing
+     * connections can still use this address until it expires, but new connections should use the
+     * new address. LONG_MAX(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) indicates this link address will never be
+     * deprecated.
+     */
+    uint64_t deprecationTime;
+
+    /**
+     * The time, as reported by SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), when this link address will expire
+     * and be removed from the interface. -1 indicates this information is not available.
+     * LONG_MAX(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) indicates this link address will never expire.
+     */
+    uint64_t expirationTime;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Overwritten from @1.4::SetupDataCallResult in order to update the addresses to 1.5 version.
+ * In 1.5 the type of addresses changes to vector of LinkAddress, and mtu is replaced by
+ * mtuV4 and mtuV6.
+ */
+struct SetupDataCallResult {
+    /** Data call fail cause. DataCallFailCause.NONE if no error. */
+    DataCallFailCause cause;
+
+    /**
+     * If status != DataCallFailCause.NONE, this field indicates the suggested retry back-off timer
+     * value RIL wants to override the one pre-configured in FW. The unit is milliseconds.
+     * The value < 0 means no value is suggested.
+     * The value 0 means retry must be done ASAP.
+     * The value of INT_MAX(0x7fffffff) means no retry.
+     */
+    int32_t suggestedRetryTime;
+
+    /** Context ID, uniquely identifies this call. */
+    int32_t cid;
+
+    /** Data connection active status. */
+    DataConnActiveStatus active;
+
+    /**
+     * PDP_type values. If cause is DataCallFailCause.ONLY_SINGLE_BEARER_ALLOWED, this is the type
+     * supported such as "IP" or "IPV6".
+     */
+    PdpProtocolType type;
+
+    /** The network interface name. */
+    string ifname;
+
+    /**
+     * List of link address.
+     */
+    vec<LinkAddress> addresses;
+
+    /**
+     * List of DNS server addresses, e.g., "192.0.1.3" or "192.0.1.11 2001:db8::1". Empty if no dns
+     * server addresses returned.
+     */
+    vec<string> dnses;
+
+    /**
+     * List of default gateway addresses, e.g., "192.0.1.3" or "192.0.1.11 2001:db8::1".
+     * When empty, the addresses represent point to point connections.
+     */
+    vec<string> gateways;
+
+    /**
+     * List of P-CSCF(Proxy Call State Control Function) addresses via PCO(Protocol Configuration
+     * Option), e.g., "2001:db8::1 2001:db8::2 2001:db8::3". Empty if not IMS client.
+     */
+    vec<string> pcscf;
+
+    /**
+     * MTU received from network for IPv4.
+     * Value <= 0 means network has either not sent a value or sent an invalid value.
+     */
+    int32_t mtuV4;
+
+    /**
+     * MTU received from network for IPv6.
+     * Value <= 0 means network has either not sent a value or sent an invalid value.
+     */
+    int32_t mtuV6;
+};
+
+enum Domain : int32_t {
+    /** Circuit-switched */
+    CS = 1 << 0,
+
+    /** Packet-switched */
+    PS = 1 << 1,
+};
+
+struct ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo {
+    /**
+     * Indicates whether the cell is restricted to only CSG members. A cell not broadcasting the
+     * CSG Indication but reporting CSG information is considered a Hybrid Cell.
+     * Refer to the "csg-Indication" field in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.2.2
+     * SystemInformationBlockType1.
+     * Also refer to "CSG Indicator" in 3GPP TS 25.331 section 10.2.48.8.1 and TS 25.304.
+     */
+    bool csgIndication;
+
+    /**
+     * The human-readable name of the closed subscriber group operating this cell.
+     * Refer to "hnb-Name" in TS 36.331 section 6.2.2 SystemInformationBlockType9.
+     * Also refer to "HNB Name" in 3GPP TS25.331 section 10.2.48.8.23 and TS 23.003 section 4.8.
+     */
+    string homeNodebName;
+
+    /**
+     * The identity of the closed subscriber group that the cell belongs to.
+     * Refer to "CSG-Identity" in TS 36.336 section 6.3.4.
+     * Also refer to "CSG Identity" in 3GPP TS 25.331 section 10.3.2.8 and TS 23.003 section 4.7.
+     */
+    int32_t csgIdentity;
+};
+
+safe_union OptionalCsgInfo {
+    /**
+     * If no CSG info is provided by the cell, then this structure shall be present.
+     */
+    Monostate noinit;
+
+    /**
+     * If CSG info is provided by the cell, this structure shall be present.
+     */
+    ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo csgInfo;
+};
+
+struct CellIdentityGsm {
+    /**
+     * The fields "mcc" and "mnc" must contain the PLMN-ID of the primary PLMN of this cell.
+     */
+    @1.2::CellIdentityGsm base;
+
+    /** Additional PLMN-IDs beyond the primary PLMN broadcast for this cell */
+    vec<string> additionalPlmns;
+};
+
+struct CellIdentityWcdma {
+    /**
+     * The fields "mcc" and "mnc" must contain the PLMN-ID of the primary PLMN of this cell.
+     */
+    @1.2::CellIdentityWcdma base;
+
+    /** Additional PLMN-IDs beyond the primary PLMN broadcast for this cell */
+    vec<string> additionalPlmns;
+
+    /** Information about any closed subscriber group ID for this cell */
+    OptionalCsgInfo optionalCsgInfo;
+};
+
+struct CellIdentityTdscdma {
+    /**
+     * The fields "mcc" and "mnc" must contain the PLMN-ID of the primary PLMN of this cell.
+     */
+    @1.2::CellIdentityTdscdma base;
+
+    /** Additional PLMN-IDs beyond the primary PLMN broadcast for this cell */
+    vec<string> additionalPlmns;
+
+    /** Information about any closed subscriber group ID for this cell */
+    OptionalCsgInfo optionalCsgInfo;
+};
+
+struct CellIdentityLte {
+    /**
+     * The fields "mcc" and "mnc" must contain the PLMN-ID of the primary PLMN of this cell.
+     */
+    @1.2::CellIdentityLte base;
+
+    /** Additional PLMN-IDs beyond the primary PLMN broadcast for this cell */
+    vec<string> additionalPlmns;
+
+    /** Information about any closed subscriber group ID for this cell */
+    OptionalCsgInfo optionalCsgInfo;
+
+    /** Bands used by the cell. */
+    vec<EutranBands> bands;
+};
+
+/**
+ * The CellIdentity structure should be reported once for each element of the PLMN-IdentityInfoList
+ * broadcast in SIB1 CellAccessRelatedInfo as per 3GPP TS 38.331 Section 6.3.2.
+ */
+struct CellIdentityNr {
+    /**
+     * The fields "mcc" and "mnc" must contain the PLMN-ID of the primary PLMN of this cell.
+     */
+    @1.4::CellIdentityNr base;
+
+    /** Additional PLMN-IDs beyond the primary PLMN broadcast for this cell */
+    vec<string> additionalPlmns;
+
+    /** Bands used by the cell. */
+    vec<NgranBands> bands;
+};
+
+struct CellInfoGsm {
+    CellIdentityGsm cellIdentityGsm;
+    GsmSignalStrength signalStrengthGsm;
+};
+
+struct CellInfoWcdma {
+    CellIdentityWcdma cellIdentityWcdma;
+    WcdmaSignalStrength signalStrengthWcdma;
+};
+
+struct CellInfoTdscdma {
+    CellIdentityTdscdma cellIdentityTdscdma;
+    TdscdmaSignalStrength signalStrengthTdscdma;
+};
+
+struct CellInfoLte {
+    CellIdentityLte cellIdentityLte;
+    LteSignalStrength signalStrengthLte;
+};
+
+struct CellInfoNr {
+    CellIdentityNr cellIdentityNr;
+    NrSignalStrength signalStrengthNr;
+};
+
+struct CellInfo {
+    /**
+     * True if this cell is registered false if not registered.
+     */
+    bool registered;
+    /**
+     * Type of time stamp represented by timeStamp.
+     */
+    TimeStampType timeStampType;
+    /**
+     * Time in nanos as returned by ril_nano_time.
+     */
+    uint64_t timeStamp;
+    /**
+     * Connection status for the cell.
+     */
+    CellConnectionStatus connectionStatus;
+
+    safe_union CellInfoRatSpecificInfo {
+        /**
+         * 3gpp CellInfo types.
+         */
+        CellInfoGsm gsm;
+        CellInfoWcdma wcdma;
+        CellInfoTdscdma tdscdma;
+        CellInfoLte lte;
+        CellInfoNr nr;
+
+        /**
+         * 3gpp2 CellInfo types;
+         */
+        CellInfoCdma cdma;
+    } ratSpecificInfo;
+};
+
+/** A union representing the CellIdentity of a single cell. */
+safe_union CellIdentity {
+    Monostate noinit;
+
+    CellIdentityGsm gsm;
+    CellIdentityWcdma wcdma;
+    CellIdentityTdscdma tdscdma;
+    CellIdentityCdma cdma;
+    CellIdentityLte lte;
+    CellIdentityNr nr;
+};
+
+struct BarringInfo {
+    /**
+     * Combined list of barring services for UTRAN, EUTRAN, and NGRAN.
+     *
+     * Barring information is defined in:
+     * -UTRAN - 3gpp 25.331 Sec 10.2.48.8.6.
+     * -EUTRAN - 3gpp 36.331 Sec 6.3.1 SystemInformationBlockType2
+     * -NGRAN - 3gpp 38.331 Sec 6.3.2 UAC-BarringInfo and 22.261 Sec 6.22.2.[2-3]
+     */
+    enum ServiceType : int32_t {
+        /** Applicable to UTRAN */
+        /** Barring for all CS services, including registration */
+        CS_SERVICE,
+        /** Barring for all PS services, including registration */
+        PS_SERVICE,
+        /** Barring for mobile-originated circuit-switched voice calls */
+        CS_VOICE,
+
+        /** Applicable to EUTRAN, NGRAN */
+        /** Barring for mobile-originated signalling for any purpose */
+        MO_SIGNALLING,
+        /** Barring for mobile-originated internet or other interactive data */
+        MO_DATA,
+        /** Barring for circuit-switched fallback calling */
+        CS_FALLBACK,
+        /** Barring for IMS voice calling */
+        MMTEL_VOICE,
+        /** Barring for IMS video calling */
+        MMTEL_VIDEO,
+
+        /** Applicable to UTRAN, EUTRAN, NGRAN */
+        /** Barring for emergency services, either CS or emergency MMTEL */
+        EMERGENCY,
+        /** Barring for short message services */
+        SMS,
+
+        /** Operator-specific barring codes; applicable to NGRAN */
+        OPERATOR_1 = 1001,
+        OPERATOR_2 = 1002,
+        OPERATOR_3 = 1003,
+        OPERATOR_4 = 1004,
+        OPERATOR_5 = 1005,
+        OPERATOR_6 = 1006,
+        OPERATOR_7 = 1007,
+        OPERATOR_8 = 1008,
+        OPERATOR_9 = 1009,
+        OPERATOR_10 = 1010,
+        OPERATOR_11 = 1011,
+        OPERATOR_12 = 1012,
+        OPERATOR_13 = 1013,
+        OPERATOR_14 = 1014,
+        OPERATOR_15 = 1015,
+        OPERATOR_16 = 1016,
+        OPERATOR_17 = 1017,
+        OPERATOR_18 = 1018,
+        OPERATOR_19 = 1019,
+        OPERATOR_20 = 1020,
+        OPERATOR_21 = 1021,
+        OPERATOR_22 = 1022,
+        OPERATOR_23 = 1023,
+        OPERATOR_24 = 1024,
+        OPERATOR_25 = 1025,
+        OPERATOR_26 = 1026,
+        OPERATOR_27 = 1027,
+        OPERATOR_28 = 1028,
+        OPERATOR_29 = 1029,
+        OPERATOR_30 = 1030,
+        OPERATOR_31 = 1031,
+        OPERATOR_32 = 1032,
+    } serviceType;
+
+    /** The type of barring applied to the service */
+    enum BarringType : int32_t {
+        /** Device is not barred for the given service */
+        NONE,
+        /** Device may be barred based on time and probability factors */
+        CONDITIONAL,
+        /* Device is unconditionally barred */
+        UNCONDITIONAL,
+    } barringType;
+
+    /** Type-specific barring info if applicable */
+    safe_union BarringTypeSpecificInfo {
+        /** Barring type is either none or unconditional */
+        Monostate noinit;
+
+        /** Must be included if barring is conditional */
+        struct Conditional {
+            /** The barring factor as a percentage 0-100 */
+            int32_t factor;
+
+            /** The number of seconds between re-evaluations of barring */
+            int32_t timeSeconds;
+
+            /**
+             * Indicates whether barring is currently being applied.
+             *
+             * <p>True if the UE applies barring to a conditionally barred
+             * service based on the conditional barring parameters.
+             *
+             * <p>False if the service is conditionally barred but barring
+             * is not currently applied, which could be due to either the
+             * barring criteria not having been evaluated (if the UE has not
+             * attempted to use the service) or due to the criteria being
+             * evaluated and the UE being permitted to use the service
+             * despite conditional barring.
+             */
+            bool isBarred;
+        } conditional;
+    } barringTypeSpecificInfo;
+};
+
+enum IndicationFilter : @1.2::IndicationFilter {
+    /** Control the unsolicited sending of registration failure reports via onRegistrationFailed */
+    REGISTRATION_FAILURE = 1 << 5,
+    /** Control the unsolicited sending of barring info updates via onBarringInfo */
+    BARRING_INFO = 1 << 6,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Call fail causes for Circuit-switched service enumerated in 3GPP TS 24.008, 10.5.3.6 and
+ * 10.5.147. Additional detail is available in 3GPP TS 24.008 Annex G.
+ */
+enum RegistrationFailCause : int32_t {
+    /** 0 - None */
+    NONE = 0,
+    /** 2 - IMSI unknown in HLR */
+    IMSI_UNKNOWN_IN_HLR = 2,
+    /** 3 - Illegal MS */
+    ILLEGAL_MS = 3,
+    /** 4 - Illegal ME */
+    IMSI_UNKNOWN_IN_VLR = 4,
+    /** 5 - PLMN not allowed */
+    IMEI_NOT_ACCEPTED = 5,
+    /** 6 - Location area not allowed */
+    ILLEGAL_ME = 6,
+    /** 7 - Roaming not allowed */
+    GPRS_SERVICES_NOT_ALLOWED = 7,
+    /** 8 - No Suitable Cells in this Location Area */
+    GPRS_AND_NON_GPRS_SERVICES_NOT_ALLOWED = 8,
+    /** 9 - Network failure */
+    MS_IDENTITY_CANNOT_BE_DERIVED_BY_NETWORK = 9,
+    /** 10 - Persistent location update reject */
+    IMPLICITLY_DETACHED = 10,
+    /** 11 - PLMN not allowed */
+    PLMN_NOT_ALLOWED = 11,
+    /** 12 - Location area not allowed */
+    LOCATION_AREA_NOT_ALLOWED = 12,
+    /** 13 - Roaming not allowed in this Location Area */
+    ROAMING_NOT_ALLOWED = 13,
+    /** 14 - GPRS Services not allowed in this PLMN */
+    GPRS_SERVICES_NOT_ALLOWED_IN_PLMN = 14,
+    /** 15 - No Suitable Cells in this Location Area */
+    NO_SUITABLE_CELLS = 15,
+    /** 16 - MSC temporarily not reachable */
+    MSC_TEMPORARILY_NOT_REACHABLE = 15,
+    /** 17 - Network Failure */
+    NETWORK_FAILURE = 17,
+    /** 20 - MAC Failure */
+    MAC_FAILURE = 20,
+    /** 21 - Sync Failure */
+    SYNC_FAILURE = 21,
+    /** 22 - Congestion */
+    CONGESTION = 22,
+    /** 23 - GSM Authentication unacceptable */
+    GSM_AUTHENTICATION_UNACCEPTABLE = 23,
+    /** 25 - Not Authorized for this CSG */
+    NOT_AUTHORIZED_FOR_THIS_CSG = 25,
+    /** 28 SMS provided via GPRS in this routing area */
+    SMS_PROVIDED_BY_GPRS_IN_ROUTING_AREA,
+    /** 32 - Service option not supported */
+    SERVICE_OPTION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 32,
+    /** 33 - Requested service option not subscribed */
+    SERVICE_OPTION_NOT_SUBSCRIBED = 33,
+    /** 34 - Service option temporarily out of order */
+    SERVICE_OPTION_TEMPORARILY_OUT_OF_ORDER = 34,
+    /** 38 - Call cannot be identified */
+    CALL_CANNOT_BE_IDENTIFIED = 38,
+    /** 40 No PDP context activated */
+    NO_PDP_CONTEXT_ACTIVATED = 40,
+    /** 48-63 - Retry upon entry into a new cell */
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_1 = 48,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_2 = 49,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_3 = 50,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_4 = 51,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_5 = 52,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_6 = 53,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_7 = 54,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_8 = 55,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_9 = 56,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_10 = 57,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_11 = 58,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_12 = 59,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_13 = 60,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_14 = 61,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_15 = 62,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_16 = 63,
+    /** 95 - Semantically incorrect message */
+    SEMANTICALLY_INCORRECT_MESSAGE = 95,
+    /** 96 - Invalid mandatory information */
+    INVALID_MANDATORY_INFORMATION = 96,
+    /** 97 - Message type non-existent or not implemented */
+    MESSAGE_TYPE_NON_EXISTENT_OR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED = 97,
+    /** 98 - Message type not compatible with protocol state */
+    MESSAGE_TYPE_NOT_COMPATIBLE_WITH_PROTOCOL_STATE = 98,
+    /** 99 - Information element non-existent or not implemented */
+    INFORMATION_ELEMENT_NON_EXISTENT_OR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED = 99,
+    /** 100 - Conditional IE error */
+    CONDITIONAL_IE_ERROR = 100,
+    /** 101 - Message not compatible with protocol state */
+    MESSAGE_NOT_COMPATIBLE_WITH_PROTOCOL_STATE = 101,
+    /** 111 - Protocol error, unspecified */
+    PROTOCOL_ERROR_UNSPECIFIED = 111,
+};
+
+enum PrlIndicator : int32_t {
+    NOT_REGISTERED = -1,
+    NOT_IN_PRL = 0,
+    IN_PRL = 1,
+};
+
+struct RegStateResult {
+    /**
+     * Registration state
+     *
+     * If the RAT is indicated as a GERAN, UTRAN, or CDMA2000 technology, this value reports
+     * registration in the Circuit-switched domain.
+     * If the RAT is indicated as an EUTRAN, NGRAN, or another technology that does not support
+     * circuit-switched services, this value reports registration in the Packet-switched domain.
+     */
+    RegState regState;
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates the available voice radio technology, valid values as
+     * defined by RadioTechnology.
+     */
+    RadioTechnology rat;
+
+    /**
+     * Cause code reported by the network in case registration fails. This will be a mobility
+     * management cause code defined for MM, GMM, MME or equivalent as appropriate for the RAT.
+     */
+    RegistrationFailCause reasonForDenial;
+
+    /** CellIdentity */
+    CellIdentity cellIdentity;
+
+    /**
+     * The most-recent PLMN-ID upon which the UE registered (or attempted to register if a failure
+     * is reported in the reasonForDenial field). This PLMN shall be in standard format consisting
+     * of a 3 digit MCC concatenated with a 2 or 3 digit MNC.
+     */
+    string registeredPlmn;
+
+    /**
+     * Access-technology-specific registration information, such as for CDMA2000.
+     */
+    safe_union AccessTechnologySpecificInfo {
+        Monostate noinit;
+
+        struct Cdma2000RegistrationInfo {
+            /**
+             * Concurrent services support indicator. if registered on a CDMA system.
+             * false - Concurrent services not supported,
+             * true - Concurrent services supported
+             */
+            bool cssSupported;
+
+            /**
+             * TSB-58 Roaming Indicator if registered on a CDMA or EVDO system or -1 if not.
+             * Valid values are 0-255.
+             */
+            int32_t roamingIndicator;
+
+            /**
+             * Indicates whether the current system is in the PRL if registered on a CDMA or EVDO
+             * system or -1 if not. 0=not in the PRL, 1=in the PRL.
+             */
+            PrlIndicator systemIsInPrl;
+
+            /**
+             * Default Roaming Indicator from the PRL if registered on a CDMA or EVDO system or -1
+             * if not.
+             * Valid values are 0-255.
+             */
+            int32_t defaultRoamingIndicator;
+        } cdmaInfo;
+
+        struct EutranRegistrationInfo {
+            /**
+             * Network capabilities for voice over PS services. This info is valid only on LTE
+             * network and must be present when device is camped on LTE. VopsInfo must be empty when
+             * device is camped only on 2G/3G.
+             */
+            LteVopsInfo lteVopsInfo;
+
+            /**
+             * The parameters of NR 5G Non-Standalone. This value is only valid on E-UTRAN,
+             * otherwise must be empty.
+             */
+            NrIndicators nrIndicators;
+        } eutranInfo;
+    } accessTechnologySpecificInfo;
+};
+
+/** Overwritten from @1.4::NetworkScanResult in order to update the CellInfo to 1.5 version. */
+struct NetworkScanResult {
+    /**
+     * The status of the scan.
+     */
+    ScanStatus status;
+
+    /**
+     * The error code of the incremental result.
+     */
+    RadioError error;
+
+    /**
+     * List of network information as CellInfo.
+     */
+    vec<CellInfo> networkInfos;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Additional personalization categories in addition to those specified in 3GPP TS 22.022 and
+ * 3GPP2 C.S0068-0.
+ */
+enum PersoSubstate : @1.0::PersoSubstate {
+    /**
+     * The device is personalized using the content of the Service Provider Name (SPN) in the SIM
+     * card.
+     */
+    SIM_SPN,
+    SIM_SPN_PUK,
+    /**
+     * Service Provider and Equivalent Home PLMN
+     * The device is personalized using both the content of the GID1 (equivalent to service provider
+     * personalization) and the content of the Equivalent Home PLMN (EHPLMN) in the SIM card.
+     * If the GID1 in the SIM is absent, then just the content of the Equivalent Home PLMN
+     * is matched.
+     */
+    SIM_SP_EHPLMN,
+    SIM_SP_EHPLMN_PUK,
+    /**
+     * Device is personalized using the first digits of the ICCID of the SIM card.
+     */
+    SIM_ICCID,
+    SIM_ICCID_PUK,
+    /**
+     * Device is personalized using the content of the IMPI in the ISIM.
+     */
+    SIM_IMPI,
+    SIM_IMPI_PUK,
+    /**
+     * Network Subset and Service Provider
+     * Device is personalized using both the content of GID1 (equivalent to service provider
+     * personalization) and the first digits of the IMSI (equivalent to network subset
+     * personalization).
+     */
+    SIM_NS_SP,
+    SIM_NS_SP_PUK,
+};
+
+/** Extended from @1.0::AppStatus to update PersoSubstate to 1.5 version. */
+struct AppStatus {
+    @1.0::AppStatus base;
+
+    /** Applicable only if appState == SUBSCRIPTION_PERSO */
+    PersoSubstate persoSubstate;
+};
+
+
+/** Extended from @1.4::CardStatus to use 1.5 version of AppStatus. */
+struct CardStatus {
+    @1.4::CardStatus base;
+
+    /** size <= RadioConst::CARD_MAX_APPS */
+    vec<AppStatus> applications;
+};
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 85c4f99..cd30f7d 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -36,5 +36,5 @@
         "android.hardware.radio.config@1.1",
     ],
     header_libs: ["radio.util.header@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"]
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"]
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_5TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_5TargetTest.cpp
index b72febd..31466c5 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_5TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_5TargetTest.cpp
@@ -16,11 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_5.h>
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, RadioHidlTest_v1_5,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 android::hardware::radio::V1_5::IRadio::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index d173411..4d0a16b 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() with invalid hysteresisDb
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_invalidHysteresisDb) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_invalidHysteresisDb) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 10;  // hysteresisDb too large given threshold list deltas
     signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-109, -103, -97, -89};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
             serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::GERAN);
@@ -45,13 +46,14 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() with empty thresholds
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_EmptyThresholds) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_EmptyThresholds) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
     signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::RSSI;
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 0;
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 0;
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
             serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::GERAN);
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for GERAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Geran) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Geran) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
@@ -76,6 +78,7 @@
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
     signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-109, -103, -97, -89};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
             serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::GERAN);
@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for UTRAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Utran) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Utran) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
@@ -100,6 +103,7 @@
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
     signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-110, -97, -73, -49, -25};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
             serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::UTRAN);
@@ -116,7 +120,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for EUTRAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Eutran_RSRP) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Eutran_RSRP) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
@@ -124,6 +128,7 @@
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
     signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-128, -108, -88, -68};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
             serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::EUTRAN);
@@ -140,7 +145,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for EUTRAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Eutran_RSRQ) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Eutran_RSRQ) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
@@ -148,6 +153,7 @@
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
     signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-27, -20, -13, -6};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
             serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::EUTRAN);
@@ -164,7 +170,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for EUTRAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Eutran_RSSNR) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Eutran_RSSNR) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
@@ -172,6 +178,7 @@
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
     signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-10, 0, 10, 20};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
             serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::EUTRAN);
@@ -184,7 +191,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for CDMA2000
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Cdma2000) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Cdma2000) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
@@ -192,6 +199,7 @@
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
     signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-105, -90, -75, -65};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
             serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::CDMA2000);
@@ -208,7 +216,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for NGRAN_SSRSRP
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_NGRAN_SSRSRP) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_NGRAN_SSRSRP) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
@@ -216,6 +224,7 @@
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 0;
     signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-105, -90, -75, -65};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
             serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::NGRAN);
@@ -232,7 +241,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for NGRAN_SSRSRQ
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_NGRAN_SSRSRQ) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_NGRAN_SSRSRQ) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
@@ -240,6 +249,7 @@
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 0;
     signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-15, -10, -5, -4};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
             serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::NGRAN);
@@ -254,9 +264,30 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for EUTRAN
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Disable_RSSNR) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::RSSNR;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
+    signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-10, 0, 10, 20};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = false;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::EUTRAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+}
+
+/*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for NGRAN_SSSINR
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_NGRAN_SSSINR) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_NGRAN_SSSINR) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
@@ -264,6 +295,7 @@
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
     signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 0;
     signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-10, 3, 16, 18};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
             serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::NGRAN);
@@ -276,3 +308,964 @@
           toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
     ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}));
 }
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5() invalid hysteresisDlKbps
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5_invalidHysteresisDlKbps) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, 5000,
+            5000,  // hysteresisDlKbps too big for thresholds delta
+            100, {1000, 5000, 10000, 20000}, {500, 1000, 5000, 10000},
+            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::GERAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5_invalidHysteresisDlKbps, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    // Allow REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED as setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5() may not be supported
+    // for GERAN
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                             {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5() invalid hysteresisUlKbps
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5_invalidHysteresisUlKbps) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, 5000, 500,
+            1000,  // hysteresisUlKbps too big for thresholds delta
+            {1000, 5000, 10000, 20000}, {500, 1000, 5000, 10000},
+            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::GERAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5_invalidHysteresisUlKbps, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    // Allow REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED as setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5() may not be supported
+    // for GERAN
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                             {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5() empty params
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5_emptyParams) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, 0, 0, 0, {}, {}, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::GERAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5_emptyParams, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    // Allow REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED as setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5() may not be supported
+    // for GERAN
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                 {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5() for GERAN
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5_Geran) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, 5000, 500, 100, {1000, 5000, 10000, 20000}, {500, 1000, 5000, 10000},
+            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::GERAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5_Geran, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    // Allow REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED as setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_1_5() may not be supported
+    // for GERAN
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                 {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.enableUiccApplications() for the response returned.
+ * For SIM ABSENT case.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, togglingUiccApplicationsSimAbsent) {
+    // This test case only test SIM ABSENT case.
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState != CardState::ABSENT) return;
+
+    // Disable Uicc applications.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->enableUiccApplications(serial, false);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    // As SIM is absent, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT should be thrown.
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+
+    // Query Uicc application enablement.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->areUiccApplicationsEnabled(serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    // As SIM is absent, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT should be thrown.
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.enableUiccApplications() for the response returned.
+ * For SIM PRESENT case.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, togglingUiccApplicationsSimPresent) {
+    // This test case only test SIM ABSENT case.
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState != CardState::PRESENT) return;
+
+    // Disable Uicc applications.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->enableUiccApplications(serial, false);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    // As SIM is present, there shouldn't be error.
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+
+    // Query Uicc application enablement.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->areUiccApplicationsEnabled(serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    // As SIM is present, there shouldn't be error.
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(radioRsp_v1_5->areUiccApplicationsEnabled);
+
+    // Enable Uicc applications.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->enableUiccApplications(serial, true);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    // As SIM is present, there shouldn't be error.
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+
+    // Query Uicc application enablement.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->areUiccApplicationsEnabled(serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    // As SIM is present, there shouldn't be error.
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp_v1_5->areUiccApplicationsEnabled);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.areUiccApplicationsEnabled() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, areUiccApplicationsEnabled) {
+    // Disable Uicc applications.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->areUiccApplicationsEnabled(serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    // If SIM is absent, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT should be thrown. Otherwise there shouldn't be any
+    // error.
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSystemSelectionChannels_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSystemSelectionChannels_1_5) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSystemSelectionChannels_1_5(serial, true, {specifier});
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("setSystemSelectionChannels, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+            radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE, RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR}));
+
+    if (radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE) {
+        serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+        Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSystemSelectionChannels_1_5(serial, false, {specifier});
+        ASSERT_OK(res);
+        EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+        EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+        EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+        ALOGI("setSystemSelectionChannels, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+              toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 60,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan, rspInfo.error = %s\n", toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        // OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED should not be allowed; however, some vendors do
+        // not support the required manual GSM search functionality. This is
+        // tracked in b/112206766. Modems have "GSM" rat scan need to
+        // support scanning requests combined with some parameters.
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid specifier.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {.type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+                                                                    .interval = 60};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid interval (lower boundary).
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 4,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 60,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid interval (upper boundary).
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 301,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 60,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid max search time (lower boundary).
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 59,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid max search time (upper boundary).
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 3601,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid periodicity (lower boundary).
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 600,
+            .incrementalResults = true,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 0};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid periodicity (upper boundary).
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 600,
+            .incrementalResults = true,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 11};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with valid periodicity
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 360,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 10};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS,
+                                      RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with valid periodicity and plmns
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 360,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 10,
+            .mccMncs = {"310410"}};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS,
+                                      RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setupDataCall_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setupDataCall_1_5) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork accessNetwork =
+            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::EUTRAN;
+
+    android::hardware::radio::V1_5::DataProfileInfo dataProfileInfo;
+    memset(&dataProfileInfo, 0, sizeof(dataProfileInfo));
+    dataProfileInfo.profileId = DataProfileId::DEFAULT;
+    dataProfileInfo.apn = hidl_string("internet");
+    dataProfileInfo.protocol = PdpProtocolType::IP;
+    dataProfileInfo.roamingProtocol = PdpProtocolType::IP;
+    dataProfileInfo.authType = ApnAuthType::NO_PAP_NO_CHAP;
+    dataProfileInfo.user = hidl_string("username");
+    dataProfileInfo.password = hidl_string("password");
+    dataProfileInfo.type = DataProfileInfoType::THREE_GPP;
+    dataProfileInfo.maxConnsTime = 300;
+    dataProfileInfo.maxConns = 20;
+    dataProfileInfo.waitTime = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.enabled = true;
+    dataProfileInfo.supportedApnTypesBitmap = 320;
+    dataProfileInfo.bearerBitmap = 161543;
+    dataProfileInfo.mtuV4 = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.mtuV6 = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.preferred = true;
+    dataProfileInfo.persistent = false;
+
+    bool roamingAllowed = false;
+
+    std::vector<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::LinkAddress> addresses = {};
+    std::vector<hidl_string> dnses = {};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::DataRequestReason reason =
+            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::DataRequestReason::NORMAL;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setupDataCall_1_5(serial, accessNetwork, dataProfileInfo,
+                                                     roamingAllowed, reason, addresses, dnses);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,
+                                      RadioError::OP_NOT_ALLOWED_BEFORE_REG_TO_NW}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,
+                                      RadioError::OP_NOT_ALLOWED_BEFORE_REG_TO_NW}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setInitialAttachApn_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setInitialAttachApn_1_5) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    // Create a dataProfileInfo
+    android::hardware::radio::V1_5::DataProfileInfo dataProfileInfo;
+    memset(&dataProfileInfo, 0, sizeof(dataProfileInfo));
+    dataProfileInfo.profileId = DataProfileId::DEFAULT;
+    dataProfileInfo.apn = hidl_string("internet");
+    dataProfileInfo.protocol = PdpProtocolType::IPV4V6;
+    dataProfileInfo.roamingProtocol = PdpProtocolType::IPV4V6;
+    dataProfileInfo.authType = ApnAuthType::NO_PAP_NO_CHAP;
+    dataProfileInfo.user = hidl_string("username");
+    dataProfileInfo.password = hidl_string("password");
+    dataProfileInfo.type = DataProfileInfoType::THREE_GPP;
+    dataProfileInfo.maxConnsTime = 300;
+    dataProfileInfo.maxConns = 20;
+    dataProfileInfo.waitTime = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.enabled = true;
+    dataProfileInfo.supportedApnTypesBitmap = 320;
+    dataProfileInfo.bearerBitmap = 161543;
+    dataProfileInfo.mtuV4 = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.mtuV6 = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.preferred = true;
+    dataProfileInfo.persistent = false;
+
+    radio_v1_5->setInitialAttachApn_1_5(serial, dataProfileInfo);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setDataProfile_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setDataProfile_1_5) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    // Create a dataProfileInfo
+    android::hardware::radio::V1_5::DataProfileInfo dataProfileInfo;
+    memset(&dataProfileInfo, 0, sizeof(dataProfileInfo));
+    dataProfileInfo.profileId = DataProfileId::DEFAULT;
+    dataProfileInfo.apn = hidl_string("internet");
+    dataProfileInfo.protocol = PdpProtocolType::IPV4V6;
+    dataProfileInfo.roamingProtocol = PdpProtocolType::IPV4V6;
+    dataProfileInfo.authType = ApnAuthType::NO_PAP_NO_CHAP;
+    dataProfileInfo.user = hidl_string("username");
+    dataProfileInfo.password = hidl_string("password");
+    dataProfileInfo.type = DataProfileInfoType::THREE_GPP;
+    dataProfileInfo.maxConnsTime = 300;
+    dataProfileInfo.maxConns = 20;
+    dataProfileInfo.waitTime = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.enabled = true;
+    dataProfileInfo.supportedApnTypesBitmap = 320;
+    dataProfileInfo.bearerBitmap = 161543;
+    dataProfileInfo.mtuV4 = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.mtuV6 = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.preferred = true;
+    dataProfileInfo.persistent = true;
+
+    // Create a dataProfileInfoList
+    android::hardware::hidl_vec<android::hardware::radio::V1_5::DataProfileInfo>
+            dataProfileInfoList = {dataProfileInfo};
+
+    radio_v1_5->setDataProfile_1_5(serial, dataProfileInfoList);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setRadioPower_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setRadioPower_1_5_emergencyCall_cancelled) {
+    // Set radio power to off.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->setRadioPower_1_5(serial, false, false, false);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+
+    // Set radio power to on with forEmergencyCall being true. This should put modem to only scan
+    // emergency call bands.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->setRadioPower_1_5(serial, true, true, true);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+
+    // Set radio power to on with forEmergencyCall being false. This should put modem in regular
+    // operation modem.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->setRadioPower_1_5(serial, true, false, false);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setNetworkSelectionModeManual_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setNetworkSelectionModeManual_1_5) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    // can't camp on nonexistent MCCMNC, so we expect this to fail.
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setNetworkSelectionModeManual_1_5(
+            serial, "123456", android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::ILLEGAL_SIM_OR_ME,
+                                      RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE},
+                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,
+                                      RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE},
+                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.sendCdmaSmsExpectMore() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, sendCdmaSmsExpectMore) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    // Create a CdmaSmsAddress
+    CdmaSmsAddress cdmaSmsAddress;
+    cdmaSmsAddress.digitMode = CdmaSmsDigitMode::FOUR_BIT;
+    cdmaSmsAddress.numberMode = CdmaSmsNumberMode::NOT_DATA_NETWORK;
+    cdmaSmsAddress.numberType = CdmaSmsNumberType::UNKNOWN;
+    cdmaSmsAddress.numberPlan = CdmaSmsNumberPlan::UNKNOWN;
+    cdmaSmsAddress.digits = (std::vector<uint8_t>){11, 1, 6, 5, 10, 7, 7, 2, 10, 3, 10, 3};
+
+    // Create a CdmaSmsSubAddress
+    CdmaSmsSubaddress cdmaSmsSubaddress;
+    cdmaSmsSubaddress.subaddressType = CdmaSmsSubaddressType::NSAP;
+    cdmaSmsSubaddress.odd = false;
+    cdmaSmsSubaddress.digits = (std::vector<uint8_t>){};
+
+    // Create a CdmaSmsMessage
+    android::hardware::radio::V1_0::CdmaSmsMessage cdmaSmsMessage;
+    cdmaSmsMessage.teleserviceId = 4098;
+    cdmaSmsMessage.isServicePresent = false;
+    cdmaSmsMessage.serviceCategory = 0;
+    cdmaSmsMessage.address = cdmaSmsAddress;
+    cdmaSmsMessage.subAddress = cdmaSmsSubaddress;
+    cdmaSmsMessage.bearerData =
+        (std::vector<uint8_t>){15, 0, 3, 32, 3, 16, 1, 8, 16, 53, 76, 68, 6, 51, 106, 0};
+
+    radio_v1_5->sendCdmaSmsExpectMore(serial, cdmaSmsMessage);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+            radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
+            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.getBarringInfo() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, getBarringInfo) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->getBarringInfo(serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp_v1_5->barringInfos.size() > 0);
+
+    std::set<BarringInfo::ServiceType> reportedServices;
+
+    // validate that the service types are in range
+    for (const auto& info : radioRsp_v1_5->barringInfos) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE((info.serviceType >= BarringInfo::ServiceType::CS_SERVICE &&
+                     info.serviceType <= BarringInfo::ServiceType::SMS) ||
+                    (info.serviceType >= BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_1 &&
+                     info.serviceType <= BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_32));
+        reportedServices.insert(info.serviceType);
+
+        // Any type that is "conditional" must have sane values for conditional barring
+        // factor and time.
+        switch (info.barringType) {
+            case BarringInfo::BarringType::NONE:  // fall through
+            case BarringInfo::BarringType::UNCONDITIONAL:
+                break;
+            case BarringInfo::BarringType::CONDITIONAL: {
+                const int32_t barringFactor = info.barringTypeSpecificInfo.conditional().factor;
+                ASSERT_TRUE(barringFactor >= 0 && barringFactor <= 100);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(info.barringTypeSpecificInfo.conditional().timeSeconds > 0);
+                break;
+            }
+            default:
+                FAIL();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Certain types of barring are relevant for certain RANs. Ensure that only the right
+    // types are reported. Note that no types are required, simply that for a given technology
+    // only certain types are valid. This is one way to sanity check that implementations are
+    // not providing information that they don't have.
+    static const std::set<BarringInfo::ServiceType> UTRA_SERVICES{
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::CS_SERVICE, BarringInfo::ServiceType::PS_SERVICE,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::CS_VOICE,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::EMERGENCY,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::SMS,
+    };
+
+    static const std::set<BarringInfo::ServiceType> EUTRA_SERVICES{
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::MO_SIGNALLING, BarringInfo::ServiceType::MO_DATA,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::CS_FALLBACK,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::MMTEL_VOICE,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::MMTEL_VIDEO,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::EMERGENCY,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::SMS,
+    };
+
+    static const std::set<BarringInfo::ServiceType> NGRA_SERVICES = {
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::MO_SIGNALLING, BarringInfo::ServiceType::MO_DATA,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::CS_FALLBACK,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::MMTEL_VOICE,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::MMTEL_VIDEO,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::EMERGENCY,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::SMS,           BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_1,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_2,    BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_3,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_4,    BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_5,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_6,    BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_7,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_8,    BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_9,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_10,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_11,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_12,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_13,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_14,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_15,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_16,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_17,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_18,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_19,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_20,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_21,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_22,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_23,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_24,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_25,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_26,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_27,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_28,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_29,
+            BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_30,   BarringInfo::ServiceType::OPERATOR_31,
+    };
+
+    const std::set<BarringInfo::ServiceType>* compareTo = nullptr;
+
+    switch (radioRsp_v1_5->barringCellIdentity.getDiscriminator()) {
+        case android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity::hidl_discriminator::wcdma:
+            // fall through
+        case android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity::hidl_discriminator::tdscdma:
+            compareTo = &UTRA_SERVICES;
+            break;
+        case android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity::hidl_discriminator::lte:
+            compareTo = &EUTRA_SERVICES;
+            break;
+        case android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity::hidl_discriminator::nr:
+            compareTo = &NGRA_SERVICES;
+            break;
+
+        case android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity::hidl_discriminator::cdma:
+            // fall through
+        default:
+            FAIL();
+            break;
+    }
+
+    std::set<BarringInfo::ServiceType> diff;
+
+    std::set_difference(reportedServices.begin(), reportedServices.end(), compareTo->begin(),
+                        compareTo->end(), std::inserter(diff, diff.begin()));
+}
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index a5d236d..7313de4 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,19 +17,7 @@
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_5.h>
 
 void RadioHidlTest_v1_5::SetUp() {
-    radio_v1_5 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                    ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::IRadio>(
-                            hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
-    if (radio_v1_5 == NULL) {
-        sleep(60);
-        radio_v1_5 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-                ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::IRadio>(
-                RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                        ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::IRadio>(
-                                hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
-    }
+    radio_v1_5 = android::hardware::radio::V1_5::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radio_v1_5.get());
 
     radioRsp_v1_5 = new (std::nothrow) RadioResponse_v1_5(*this);
@@ -48,14 +36,12 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
 
     sp<::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig> radioConfig =
-            ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-                    ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig>();
-
-    /* Enforce Vts tesing with RadioConfig is existed. */
+            ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig::getService();
+    /* Enforce Vts testing with RadioConfig is existed. */
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radioConfig.get());
 
     /* Enforce Vts Testing with Sim Status Present only. */
-    EXPECT_EQ(CardState::PRESENT, cardStatus.base.base.cardState);
+    EXPECT_EQ(CardState::PRESENT, cardStatus.base.base.base.cardState);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_5.h b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_5.h
index 683fdfc..6a369cc 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_5.h
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_5.h
@@ -14,10 +14,14 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#pragma once
+
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -51,9 +55,9 @@
 #define RADIO_SERVICE_NAME "slot1"
 
 class RadioHidlTest_v1_5;
-extern ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::CardStatus cardStatus;
+extern ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CardStatus cardStatus;
 
-/* Callback class for radio respons v1_5 */
+/* Callback class for radio response v1_5 */
 class RadioResponse_v1_5 : public ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::IRadioResponse {
   protected:
     RadioHidlTest_v1_5& parent_v1_5;
@@ -80,6 +84,16 @@
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::CarrierRestrictionsWithPriority carrierRestrictionsResp;
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::SimLockMultiSimPolicy multiSimPolicyResp;
 
+    // Whether toggling uicc applications operation is supported.
+    bool canToggleUiccApplicationsEnablement;
+
+    // Whether Uicc applications are enabled or not.
+    bool areUiccApplicationsEnabled;
+
+    // Barring Info Response
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity barringCellIdentity;
+    ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::BarringInfo> barringInfos;
+
     RadioResponse_v1_5(RadioHidlTest_v1_5& parent_v1_5);
     virtual ~RadioResponse_v1_5() = default;
 
@@ -524,6 +538,67 @@
 
     /* 1.5 Api */
     Return<void> setSignalStrengthReportingCriteriaResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> setLinkCapacityReportingCriteriaResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> enableUiccApplicationsResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> areUiccApplicationsEnabledResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info, bool enabled);
+
+    Return<void> canToggleUiccApplicationsEnablementResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                                             bool canToggle);
+
+    Return<void> setSystemSelectionChannelsResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> startNetworkScanResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> setupDataCallResponse_1_5(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SetupDataCallResult& dcResponse);
+
+    Return<void> getDataCallListResponse_1_5(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SetupDataCallResult>& dcResponse);
+
+    Return<void> setInitialAttachApnResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> setDataProfileResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> setRadioPowerResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> setIndicationFilterResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> getBarringInfoResponse(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity& cellIdentity,
+            const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::BarringInfo>&
+                    barringInfos);
+
+    Return<void> getVoiceRegistrationStateResponse_1_5(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RegStateResult& regResponse);
+
+    Return<void> getDataRegistrationStateResponse_1_5(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RegStateResult& regResponse);
+
+    Return<void> getCellInfoListResponse_1_5(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellInfo>&
+                    cellInfo);
+
+    Return<void> setNetworkSelectionModeManualResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> sendCdmaSmsExpectMoreResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                               const SendSmsResult& sms);
+
+    Return<void> supplySimDepersonalizationResponse(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::PersoSubstate persoType, int32_t remainingRetries);
+
+    Return<void> getIccCardStatusResponse_1_5(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CardStatus& card_status);
 };
 
 /* Callback class for radio indication */
@@ -535,6 +610,22 @@
     RadioIndication_v1_5(RadioHidlTest_v1_5& parent_v1_5);
     virtual ~RadioIndication_v1_5() = default;
 
+    /* 1.5 Api */
+    Return<void> uiccApplicationsEnablementChanged(RadioIndicationType type, bool enabled);
+
+    Return<void> networkScanResult_1_5(
+            RadioIndicationType type,
+            const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanResult& result);
+
+    Return<void> cellInfoList_1_5(
+            RadioIndicationType type,
+            const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellInfo>&
+                    records);
+
+    Return<void> dataCallListChanged_1_5(
+            RadioIndicationType type,
+            const hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SetupDataCallResult>& dcList);
+
     /* 1.4 Api */
     Return<void> currentEmergencyNumberList(
             RadioIndicationType type,
@@ -709,26 +800,23 @@
 
     Return<void> modemReset(RadioIndicationType type,
                             const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& reason);
-};
 
-// Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
-class RadioHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-  public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RadioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RadioHidlEnvironment* instance = new RadioHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::IRadio>();
-    }
+    Return<void> registrationFailed(
+            RadioIndicationType type,
+            const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity& cellIdentity,
+            const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& chosenPlmn,
+            ::android::hardware::hidl_bitfield<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::Domain> domain,
+            int32_t causeCode, int32_t additionalCauseCode);
 
-  private:
-    RadioHidlEnvironment() {}
+    Return<void> barringInfoChanged(
+            RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+            const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity& /*cellIdentity*/,
+            const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::BarringInfo>&
+            /*barringInfos*/);
 };
 
 // The main test class for Radio HIDL.
-class RadioHidlTest_v1_5 : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class RadioHidlTest_v1_5 : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   protected:
     std::mutex mtx_;
     std::condition_variable cv_;
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_indication.cpp b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_indication.cpp
index b63b745..1e5ce16 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_indication.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_indication.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,46 @@
 
 RadioIndication_v1_5::RadioIndication_v1_5(RadioHidlTest_v1_5& parent) : parent_v1_5(parent) {}
 
+/* 1.5 Apis */
+Return<void> RadioIndication_v1_5::uiccApplicationsEnablementChanged(RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+                                                                     bool /*enabled*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioIndication_v1_5::registrationFailed(
+        RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity& /*cellIdentity*/,
+        const hidl_string& /*chosenPlmn*/,
+        ::android::hardware::hidl_bitfield<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::Domain> /*domain*/,
+        int32_t /*causeCode*/, int32_t /*additionalCauseCode*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioIndication_v1_5::barringInfoChanged(
+        RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity& /*cellIdentity*/,
+        const hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::BarringInfo>& /*barringInfos*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioIndication_v1_5::networkScanResult_1_5(
+        RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanResult& /*result*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioIndication_v1_5::cellInfoList_1_5(
+        RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+        const hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellInfo>& /*records*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioIndication_v1_5::dataCallListChanged_1_5(
+        RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+        const hidl_vec<android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SetupDataCallResult>& /*dcList*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
 /* 1.4 Apis */
 Return<void> RadioIndication_v1_5::currentPhysicalChannelConfigs_1_4(
         RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_response.cpp b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_response.cpp
index 29a9250..8cbb2d0 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_response.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_response.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_5.h>
 
-::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::CardStatus cardStatus;
+::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CardStatus cardStatus;
 
 RadioResponse_v1_5::RadioResponse_v1_5(RadioHidlTest_v1_5& parent) : parent_v1_5(parent) {}
 
@@ -829,9 +829,8 @@
 
 Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::getIccCardStatusResponse_1_4(
         const RadioResponseInfo& info,
-        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::CardStatus& card_status) {
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::CardStatus& /*card_status*/) {
     rspInfo = info;
-    cardStatus = card_status;
     parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
     return Void();
 }
@@ -892,4 +891,149 @@
     rspInfo = info;
     parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
     return Void();
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setLinkCapacityReportingCriteriaResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::enableUiccApplicationsResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::areUiccApplicationsEnabledResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                                                    bool enabled) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    areUiccApplicationsEnabled = enabled;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::canToggleUiccApplicationsEnablementResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info, bool canToggle) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    canToggleUiccApplicationsEnablement = canToggle;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setSystemSelectionChannelsResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::startNetworkScanResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setupDataCallResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+        const android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SetupDataCallResult& /* dcResponse */) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::getDataCallListResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+        const hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SetupDataCallResult>& /* dcResponse */) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setInitialAttachApnResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setDataProfileResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setRadioPowerResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setIndicationFilterResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::getBarringInfoResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity& cellIdentity,
+        const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::BarringInfo>&
+                barringInfos) {
+    this->barringCellIdentity = cellIdentity;
+    this->barringInfos = barringInfos;
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::getVoiceRegistrationStateResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RegStateResult& /*regResponse*/) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::getDataRegistrationStateResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RegStateResult& /*regResponse*/) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::getCellInfoListResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /*info*/,
+        const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<
+                ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellInfo>& /*cellInfo*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setNetworkSelectionModeManualResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::sendCdmaSmsExpectMoreResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& /*info*/,
+                                                               const SendSmsResult& /*sms*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::supplySimDepersonalizationResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /*info*/,
+        ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::PersoSubstate /*persoType*/,
+        int32_t /*remainingRetries*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::getIccCardStatusResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CardStatus& card_status) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    cardStatus = card_status;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
diff --git a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 87e62f1..e3716e0 100644
--- a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@
         "android.hardware.renderscript@1.0",
         "libnativewindow",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsCopyTests.cpp b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsCopyTests.cpp
index f47253f..3040cbf 100644
--- a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsCopyTests.cpp
+++ b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsCopyTests.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, Simple1DCopyTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, Simple1DCopyTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, Simple2DCopyTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, Simple2DCopyTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, Simple3DCopyTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, Simple3DCopyTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleBitmapTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleBitmapTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, AllocationCopy2DRangeTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, AllocationCopy2DRangeTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, AllocationCopy3DRangeTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, AllocationCopy3DRangeTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleAdapterTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleAdapterTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleMipmapTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleMipmapTest) {
     // uint8_t
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::UNSIGNED_8, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleCubemapTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleCubemapTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@
  * typeCreate, allocationCreateTyped, allocationElementWrite,
  * allocationElementRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ComplexElementTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ComplexElementTest) {
     Element element1 = context->elementCreate(DataType::UNSIGNED_8, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element1);
 
diff --git a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 0636cf9..5e5776c 100644
--- a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -18,8 +18,7 @@
 
 // The main test class for RENDERSCRIPT HIDL HAL.
 void RenderscriptHidlTest::SetUp() {
-    device = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IDevice>(
-        RenderscriptHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IDevice>());
+    device = IDevice::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device.get());
 
     uint32_t version = 0;
@@ -35,11 +34,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RenderscriptHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RenderscriptHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, RenderscriptHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDevice::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.h b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.h
index e11ab92..b7dbed4 100644
--- a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.h
+++ b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.h
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef VTS_HAL_RENDERSCRIPT_V1_0_TARGET_TESTS_H
-#define VTS_HAL_RENDERSCRIPT_V1_0_TARGET_TESTS_H
+#pragma once
 
 #define LOG_TAG "renderscript_hidl_hal_test"
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
@@ -24,9 +23,9 @@
 #include <android/hardware/renderscript/1.0/IDevice.h>
 #include <android/hardware/renderscript/1.0/types.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::renderscript::V1_0::Allocation;
 using ::android::hardware::renderscript::V1_0::AllocationAdapter;
@@ -89,8 +88,8 @@
 extern const int bitCodeLength;
 
 // The main test class for RENDERSCRIPT HIDL HAL.
-class RenderscriptHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-public:
+class RenderscriptHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
     virtual void SetUp() override;
     virtual void TearDown() override;
 
@@ -99,17 +98,3 @@
 private:
     sp<IDevice>    device;
 };
-
-// Test environment for RENDERSCRIPT HIDL HAL.
-class RenderscriptHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RenderscriptHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RenderscriptHidlEnvironment* instance = new RenderscriptHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IDevice>(); }
-};
-
-#endif // VTS_HAL_RENDERSCRIPT_V1_0_TARGET_TESTS_H
diff --git a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsMiscellaneousTests.cpp b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsMiscellaneousTests.cpp
index 278dbf3..c66ddea 100644
--- a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsMiscellaneousTests.cpp
+++ b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsMiscellaneousTests.cpp
@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@
  *
  * Calls: getService<IDevice>, contextCreate, contextDestroy
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ContextCreateAndDestroy) {}
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ContextCreateAndDestroy) {}
 
 /*
  * Create an Element and verify the return value is valid.
  *
  * Calls: elementCreate
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ElementCreate) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ElementCreate) {
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     EXPECT_NE(Element(0), element);
 }
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
  *
  * Calls: elementCreate, typeCreate, allocationCreateTyped, allocationGetType
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ElementTypeAllocationCreate) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ElementTypeAllocationCreate) {
     // Element create test
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
  * Calls: elementCreate, typeCreate, elementGetNativeMetadata,
  * typeGetNativeMetadata
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, MetadataTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, MetadataTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
  * Calls: elementCreate, typeCreate, allocationCreateTyped,
  * allocationGetPointer, allocationResize1D
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ResizeTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ResizeTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
  * allocationGetNativeWindow, allocationSetNativeWindow, allocationIoSend,
  * allocationIoReceive, allocation2DRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, NativeWindowIoTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, NativeWindowIoTest) {
     // uint8x4
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::UNSIGNED_8, DataKind::USER, false, 4);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@
  * allocation2DWrite, allocation2DRead, allocationIoSend,
  * allocationIoReceive
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, BufferQueueTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, BufferQueueTest) {
     // uint8x4
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::UNSIGNED_8, DataKind::USER, false, 4);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
  * Calls: contextInitToClient, contextSendMessage, contextPeekMessage,
  * contextGetMessage, contextDeinitToClient, contextLog
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ContextMessageTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ContextMessageTest) {
     context->contextInitToClient();
 
     const char * message = "correct";
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@
  * Calls: contextSetPriority, contextSetCacheDir, elementCreate, assignName,
  * contextFinish, getName, objDestroy, samplerCreate
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, MiscellaneousTests) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, MiscellaneousTests) {
     context->contextSetPriority(ThreadPriorities::NORMAL);
     context->contextSetCacheDir("/data/local/tmp/temp/");
 
diff --git a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsScriptTests.cpp b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsScriptTests.cpp
index 8d24cfa..9607267 100644
--- a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsScriptTests.cpp
+++ b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsScriptTests.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  *
  * Calls: elementCreate, scriptIntrinsicCreate, scriptSetTimeZone
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, IntrinsicTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, IntrinsicTest) {
     // uint8
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::UNSIGNED_8, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     EXPECT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
  * scriptSetVarF, scriptSetVarD, elementCreate, typeCreate,
  * allocationCreateTyped, scriptSetVarObj, scriptSetVarV, scriptSetVarVE
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptVarTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptVarTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@
  *
  * Calls: scriptCCreate, scriptInvoke, scriptGetVarV, scriptInvokeV
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptInvokeTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptInvokeTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
  * Calls: scriptCCreate, elementCreate, typeCreate, allocationCreateTyped,
  * allocation1DWrite, scriptForEach, allocationRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptForEachTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptForEachTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
  * Calls: scriptCCreate, elementCreate, typeCreate, allocationCreateTyped,
  * allocation1DWrite, scriptReduce, contextFinish, allocationRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptReduceTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptReduceTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
  * allocation1DWrite, scriptBindAllocation, scriptSetVarV, scriptBindAllocation,
  * allocationRead, scriptInvokeV, allocationRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptBindTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptBindTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@
  * scriptGroupCreate, scriptGroupSetInput, scriptGroupSetOutput,
  * scriptGroupExecute, contextFinish, allocation2DRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptGroupTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptGroupTest) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> dataIn(256 * 256 * 4, 128), dataOut(256 * 256 * 4, 0),
         zeros(256 * 256 * 4, 0);
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> _dataIn, _dataOut;
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@
  * invokeClosureCreate, closureCreate, closureSetGlobal, scriptGroup2Create,
  * scriptGroupExecute, allocationRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptGroup2Test) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptGroup2Test) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@
  * allocation1DWrite, scriptKernelIDCreate, closureCreate, closureSetArg,
  * scriptGroup2Create, scriptGroupExecute, allocationRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptGroup2KernelTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptGroup2KernelTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
diff --git a/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 2b2b73e..6dbd027 100644
--- a/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -21,5 +21,5 @@
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.secure_element@1.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 671923a..93ffd05 100644
--- a/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,10 +20,11 @@
 #include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.0/ISecureElement.h>
 #include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.0/ISecureElementHalCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_0::ISecureElement;
 using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_0::ISecureElementHalCallback;
@@ -32,7 +33,6 @@
 using ::android::hardware::Return;
 using ::android::hardware::Void;
 using ::android::sp;
-using ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase;
 
 #define DATA_APDU \
     { 0x00, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }
@@ -63,30 +63,11 @@
     };
 };
 
-class SecureElementHidlEnvironment : public VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static SecureElementHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static SecureElementHidlEnvironment* instance = new SecureElementHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<ISecureElement>(); }
-
-   private:
-    SecureElementHidlEnvironment() {}
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(SecureElementHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class SecureElementHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
+class SecureElementHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        std::string serviceName =
-            SecureElementHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<ISecureElement>("eSE1");
-        LOG(INFO) << "get service with name:" << serviceName;
-        ASSERT_FALSE(serviceName.empty());
-        se_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ISecureElement>(serviceName);
+        LOG(INFO) << "get service with name:" << GetParam();
+        se_ = ISecureElement::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(se_, nullptr);
 
         se_cb_ = new SecureElementHalCallback();
@@ -105,7 +86,7 @@
  * isCardPresent:
  * Expects the card to be present
  */
-TEST_F(SecureElementHidlTest, isCardPresent) {
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, isCardPresent) {
     EXPECT_TRUE(se_->isCardPresent());
 }
 
@@ -113,7 +94,7 @@
  * transmit:
  * Check status word in the response
  */
-TEST_F(SecureElementHidlTest, transmit) {
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, transmit) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> aid = ANDROID_TEST_AID;
     SecureElementStatus statusReturned;
     LogicalChannelResponse response;
@@ -153,7 +134,7 @@
  * If the secure element allows opening of basic channel:
  *  open channel, check the length of selectResponse and close the channel
  */
-TEST_F(SecureElementHidlTest, openBasicChannel) {
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, openBasicChannel) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> aid = ANDROID_TEST_AID;
     SecureElementStatus statusReturned;
     std::vector<uint8_t> response;
@@ -179,7 +160,7 @@
 /*
  * GetATR
  */
-TEST_F(SecureElementHidlTest, getAtr) {
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, getAtr) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> atr;
     se_->getAtr([&atr](std::vector<uint8_t> atrReturned) {
         atr.resize(atrReturned.size());
@@ -200,7 +181,7 @@
  * Check status
  * Close Channel
  */
-TEST_F(SecureElementHidlTest, openCloseLogicalChannel) {
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, openCloseLogicalChannel) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> aid = ANDROID_TEST_AID;
     SecureElementStatus statusReturned;
     LogicalChannelResponse response;
@@ -223,10 +204,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(SecureElementStatus::SUCCESS, se_->closeChannel(response.channelNumber));
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(SecureElementHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    SecureElementHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, SecureElementHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ISecureElement::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 51410bd..a2c39dc 100644
--- a/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -22,5 +22,5 @@
         "android.hardware.secure_element@1.0",
         "android.hardware.secure_element@1.1",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_1TargetTest.cpp b/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_1TargetTest.cpp
index f8765ca..66fc47c 100644
--- a/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -22,10 +22,11 @@
 #include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.0/types.h>
 #include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.1/ISecureElement.h>
 #include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.1/ISecureElementHalCallback.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
@@ -33,7 +34,6 @@
 using ::android::hardware::Void;
 using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_1::ISecureElement;
 using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_1::ISecureElementHalCallback;
-using ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase;
 
 constexpr char kCallbackNameOnStateChange[] = "onStateChange";
 
@@ -60,30 +60,11 @@
     Return<void> onStateChange(__attribute__((unused)) bool state) override { return Void(); }
 };
 
-class SecureElementHidlEnvironment : public VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static SecureElementHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static SecureElementHidlEnvironment* instance = new SecureElementHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<ISecureElement>(); }
-
-   private:
-    SecureElementHidlEnvironment() {}
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(SecureElementHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class SecureElementHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
+class SecureElementHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        std::string serviceName =
-                SecureElementHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<ISecureElement>("eSE1");
-        LOG(INFO) << "get service with name:" << serviceName;
-        ASSERT_FALSE(serviceName.empty());
-        se_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ISecureElement>(serviceName);
+        LOG(INFO) << "get service with name:" << GetParam();
+        se_ = ISecureElement::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(se_, nullptr);
 
         se_cb_ = new SecureElementHalCallback();
@@ -103,14 +84,11 @@
  * isCardPresent:
  * Expects the card to be present
  */
-TEST_F(SecureElementHidlTest, isCardPresent) {
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, isCardPresent) {
     EXPECT_TRUE(se_->isCardPresent());
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(SecureElementHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    SecureElementHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, SecureElementHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ISecureElement::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/secure_element/1.2/Android.bp b/secure_element/1.2/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e134771
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/1.2/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
+
+hidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.secure_element@1.2",
+    root: "android.hardware",
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
+    srcs: [
+        "ISecureElement.hal",
+    ],
+    interfaces: [
+        "android.hardware.secure_element@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.secure_element@1.1",
+        "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+    ],
+    gen_java: true,
+}
diff --git a/secure_element/1.2/ISecureElement.hal b/secure_element/1.2/ISecureElement.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16cc577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/1.2/ISecureElement.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.secure_element@1.2;
+
+import @1.1::ISecureElementHalCallback;
+import @1.1::ISecureElement;
+import @1.0::SecureElementStatus;
+
+interface ISecureElement extends @1.1::ISecureElement {
+    /**
+     * Reset the Secure Element.
+     *
+     * HAL should trigger reset to the secure element. It could hardware power cycle or
+     * a soft reset depends on hardware design.
+     * HAL service must send onStateChange() with connected equal to true
+     * after resetting and all the re-initialization has been successfully completed.
+     *
+     * @return SecureElementStatus::SUCCESS on success and SecureElementStatus::FAILED on error.
+     */
+    reset() generates (SecureElementStatus status);
+};
diff --git a/secure_element/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp b/secure_element/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a173210
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalSecureElementV1_2TargetTest",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalSecureElementV1_2TargetTest.cpp"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.secure_element@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.secure_element@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.secure_element@1.2",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
+}
diff --git a/secure_element/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_2TargetTest.cpp b/secure_element/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_2TargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98e4502
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_2TargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <string>
+
+#define LOG_TAG "secure_element_hidl_hal_test"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.1/ISecureElementHalCallback.h>
+#include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.2/ISecureElement.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+
+#include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
+
+using ::android::sp;
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::Void;
+using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_0::SecureElementStatus;
+using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_1::ISecureElementHalCallback;
+using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_2::ISecureElement;
+
+constexpr char kCallbackNameOnStateChange[] = "onStateChange";
+
+class SecureElementCallbackArgs {
+  public:
+    bool state_;
+    hidl_string reason_;
+};
+
+class SecureElementHalCallback
+    : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase<SecureElementCallbackArgs>,
+      public ISecureElementHalCallback {
+  public:
+    virtual ~SecureElementHalCallback() = default;
+
+    Return<void> onStateChange_1_1(bool state, const hidl_string& reason) override {
+        SecureElementCallbackArgs args;
+        args.state_ = state;
+        args.reason_ = reason;
+        NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameOnStateChange, args);
+        return Void();
+    };
+
+    Return<void> onStateChange(__attribute__((unused)) bool state) override { return Void(); }
+};
+
+class SecureElementHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        LOG(INFO) << "get service with name:" << GetParam();
+        se_ = ISecureElement::getService(GetParam());
+        ASSERT_NE(se_, nullptr);
+
+        se_cb_ = new SecureElementHalCallback();
+        ASSERT_NE(se_cb_, nullptr);
+        se_->init_1_1(se_cb_);
+        auto res = se_cb_->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameOnStateChange);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(res.no_timeout);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(res.args->state_);
+        EXPECT_NE(res.args->reason_, "");
+    }
+
+    sp<ISecureElement> se_;
+    sp<SecureElementHalCallback> se_cb_;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Reset:
+ * Calls reset()
+ * Checks status
+ * Check onStateChange is received with connected state set to true
+ */
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, Reset) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(SecureElementStatus::SUCCESS, se_->reset());
+
+    auto res = se_cb_->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameOnStateChange);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(res.no_timeout);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(res.args->state_);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, SecureElementHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ISecureElement::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/sensors/1.0/default/android.hardware.sensors@1.0-service.rc b/sensors/1.0/default/android.hardware.sensors@1.0-service.rc
index 4faa562..b41730b 100644
--- a/sensors/1.0/default/android.hardware.sensors@1.0-service.rc
+++ b/sensors/1.0/default/android.hardware.sensors@1.0-service.rc
@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
     interface android.hardware.sensors@1.0::ISensors default
     class hal
     user system
-    group system wakelock
+    group system wakelock uhid
     capabilities BLOCK_SUSPEND
     rlimit rtprio 10 10
diff --git a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 7bb992b..1167fd4 100644
--- a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -31,6 +31,6 @@
         "android.hardware.sensors@1.0",
         "VtsHalSensorsTargetTestUtils",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
 
diff --git a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb0d64c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="900000" />
+        <option name="runtime-hint" value="300000"/>
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.cpp b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.cpp
index 00207b1..1e5e886 100644
--- a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.cpp
+++ b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.cpp
@@ -35,8 +35,7 @@
         // this do ... while is for easy error handling
         do {
             step = "getService()";
-            sensors = ISensors::getService(
-                SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0::Instance()->getServiceName<ISensors>());
+            sensors = ISensors::getService(mServiceName);
             if (sensors == nullptr) {
                 break;
             }
diff --git a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.h b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.h
index 0a9e59f..29bfa50 100644
--- a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.h
+++ b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.h
@@ -32,23 +32,14 @@
 class SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0 : public SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase {
    public:
     using Event = ::android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::Event;
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0* Instance() {
-        static SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0* instance = new SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0();
-        return instance;
-    }
+    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0(const std::string& service_name)
+        : SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase(service_name) {}
 
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::ISensors>();
-    }
-
-   private:
+  private:
     friend SensorsHidlTest;
     // sensors hidl service
     sp<android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::ISensors> sensors;
 
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0() {}
-
     bool resetHal() override;
     void startPollingThread() override;
     static void pollingThread(SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0* env, std::atomic_bool& stop);
diff --git a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 5453ef6..2cad54d 100644
--- a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/1.0/ISensors.h>
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/1.0/types.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <utils/SystemClock.h>
 
@@ -33,7 +35,17 @@
 // The main test class for SENSORS HIDL HAL.
 
 class SensorsHidlTest : public SensorsHidlTestBase {
-   protected:
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        mEnvironment = new SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0(GetParam());
+        mEnvironment->HidlSetUp();
+        // Ensure that we have a valid environment before performing tests
+        ASSERT_NE(S(), nullptr);
+    }
+
+    virtual void TearDown() override { mEnvironment->HidlTearDown(); }
+
+  protected:
     SensorInfo defaultSensorByType(SensorType type) override;
     std::vector<SensorInfo> getSensorsList();
     // implementation wrapper
@@ -66,11 +78,13 @@
         return S()->configDirectReport(sensorHandle, channelHandle, rate, _hidl_cb);
     }
 
-    inline sp<ISensors>& S() { return SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0::Instance()->sensors; }
+    inline sp<ISensors>& S() { return mEnvironment->sensors; }
 
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase* getEnvironment() override {
-        return SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0::Instance();
-    }
+    SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase* getEnvironment() override { return mEnvironment; }
+
+  private:
+    // Test environment for sensors HAL.
+    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0* mEnvironment;
 };
 
 Return<Result> SensorsHidlTest::activate(int32_t sensorHandle, bool enabled) {
@@ -133,55 +147,52 @@
 }
 
 // Test if sensor list returned is valid
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, SensorListValid) {
-  S()->getSensorsList(
-      [&] (const auto &list) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, SensorListValid) {
+    S()->getSensorsList([&](const auto& list) {
         const size_t count = list.size();
         for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
-          const auto &s = list[i];
-          SCOPED_TRACE(::testing::Message() << i << "/" << count << ": "
-                       << " handle=0x" << std::hex << std::setw(8) << std::setfill('0')
-                       << s.sensorHandle << std::dec
-                       << " type=" << static_cast<int>(s.type)
-                       << " name=" << s.name);
+            const auto& s = list[i];
+            SCOPED_TRACE(::testing::Message()
+                         << i << "/" << count << ": "
+                         << " handle=0x" << std::hex << std::setw(8) << std::setfill('0')
+                         << s.sensorHandle << std::dec << " type=" << static_cast<int>(s.type)
+                         << " name=" << s.name);
 
-          // Test non-empty type string
-          EXPECT_FALSE(s.typeAsString.empty());
+            // Test non-empty type string
+            EXPECT_FALSE(s.typeAsString.empty());
 
-          // Test defined type matches defined string type
-          EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertTypeMatchStringType(s.type, s.typeAsString));
+            // Test defined type matches defined string type
+            EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertTypeMatchStringType(s.type, s.typeAsString));
 
-          // Test if all sensor has name and vendor
-          EXPECT_FALSE(s.name.empty());
-          EXPECT_FALSE(s.vendor.empty());
+            // Test if all sensor has name and vendor
+            EXPECT_FALSE(s.name.empty());
+            EXPECT_FALSE(s.vendor.empty());
 
-          // Test power > 0, maxRange > 0
-          EXPECT_LE(0, s.power);
-          EXPECT_LT(0, s.maxRange);
+            // Test power > 0, maxRange > 0
+            EXPECT_LE(0, s.power);
+            EXPECT_LT(0, s.maxRange);
 
-          // Info type, should have no sensor
-          EXPECT_FALSE(
-              s.type == SensorType::ADDITIONAL_INFO
-              || s.type == SensorType::META_DATA);
+            // Info type, should have no sensor
+            EXPECT_FALSE(s.type == SensorType::ADDITIONAL_INFO || s.type == SensorType::META_DATA);
 
-          // Test fifoMax >= fifoReserved
-          EXPECT_GE(s.fifoMaxEventCount, s.fifoReservedEventCount)
-              << "max=" << s.fifoMaxEventCount << " reserved=" << s.fifoReservedEventCount;
+            // Test fifoMax >= fifoReserved
+            EXPECT_GE(s.fifoMaxEventCount, s.fifoReservedEventCount)
+                    << "max=" << s.fifoMaxEventCount << " reserved=" << s.fifoReservedEventCount;
 
-          // Test Reporting mode valid
-          EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertTypeMatchReportMode(s.type, extractReportMode(s.flags)));
+            // Test Reporting mode valid
+            EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertTypeMatchReportMode(s.type, extractReportMode(s.flags)));
 
-          // Test min max are in the right order
-          EXPECT_LE(s.minDelay, s.maxDelay);
-          // Test min/max delay matches reporting mode
-          EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-              assertDelayMatchReportMode(s.minDelay, s.maxDelay, extractReportMode(s.flags)));
+            // Test min max are in the right order
+            EXPECT_LE(s.minDelay, s.maxDelay);
+            // Test min/max delay matches reporting mode
+            EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                    assertDelayMatchReportMode(s.minDelay, s.maxDelay, extractReportMode(s.flags)));
         }
-      });
+    });
 }
 
 // Test if sensor list returned is valid
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, SetOperationMode) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, SetOperationMode) {
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensorList = getSensorsList();
 
     bool needOperationModeSupport =
@@ -199,7 +210,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test if sensor list returned is valid
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, InjectSensorEventData) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, InjectSensorEventData) {
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensorList = getSensorsList();
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensorSupportInjection;
 
@@ -244,224 +255,202 @@
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do UI speed accelerometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do normal speed accelerometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do game speed accelerometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationFast) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationFast) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do UI speed gyroscope streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationSlow) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationSlow) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do normal speed gyroscope streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationNormal) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationNormal) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do game speed gyroscope streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationFast) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationFast) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do UI speed magnetometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do normal speed magnetometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do game speed magnetometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationFast) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationFast) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do accelerometer sampling rate switch properly when sensor is active
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
-  testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER);
-  testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, false /*fastToSlow*/);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
+    testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER);
+    testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, false /*fastToSlow*/);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do gyroscope sampling rate switch properly when sensor is active
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
-  testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE);
-  testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, false /*fastToSlow*/);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
+    testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE);
+    testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, false /*fastToSlow*/);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do magnetometer sampling rate switch properly when sensor is active
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
-  testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD);
-  testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, false /*fastToSlow*/);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
+    testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD);
+    testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, false /*fastToSlow*/);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do accelerometer batching properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerBatchingOperation) {
-  testBatchingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerBatchingOperation) {
+    testBatchingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do gyroscope batching properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeBatchingOperation) {
-  testBatchingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeBatchingOperation) {
+    testBatchingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do magnetometer batching properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerBatchingOperation) {
-  testBatchingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerBatchingOperation) {
+    testBatchingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for accel sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
-                            sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
+                              sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for accel sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
-                            sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
+                              sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for accel sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
-                            sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM,
+                              RateLevel::VERY_FAST, sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for gyro sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
-                            sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
+                              sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for gyro sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
-                            sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
+                              sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for gyro sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
-                            sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
+                              sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for mag sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
-                            NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
+                              NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for mag sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
-                            NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
+                              NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for mag sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(
-      SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::VERY_FAST, NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM,
+                              RateLevel::VERY_FAST, NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for accel sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
-                            sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
+                              sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for accel sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
-                            sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
+                              sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for accel sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
-                            sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC,
+                              RateLevel::VERY_FAST, sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for gyro sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
-                            sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
+                              sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for gyro sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
-                            sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
+                              sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for gyro sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
-                            sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
+                              sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for mag sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
-                            NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
+                              NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for mag sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
-                            NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
+                              NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for mag sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(
-      SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::VERY_FAST, NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC,
+                              RateLevel::VERY_FAST, NullChecker());
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, SensorsHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ISensors::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
 // vim: set ts=2 sw=2
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/multihal/Android.bp b/sensors/2.0/multihal/Android.bp
index c13eaf2..b7fa15a 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/multihal/Android.bp
+++ b/sensors/2.0/multihal/Android.bp
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@
     srcs: [
         "service.cpp",
         "HalProxy.cpp",
-        "ScopedWakelock.cpp",
     ],
     init_rc: ["android.hardware.sensors@2.0-service-multihal.rc"],
     vintf_fragments: ["android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal.xml"],
+    shared_libs: ["android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock"],
 }
 
 cc_library_headers {
@@ -55,19 +55,55 @@
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
 }
 
+cc_library_shared {
+    name: "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock",
+    defaults: [
+        "hidl_defaults",
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal-defaults",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "ScopedWakelock.cpp",
+    ],
+    vendor_available: true,
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal.header",
+    ],
+}
+
 // The below targets should only be used for testing.
 cc_test_library {
     name: "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-HalProxy",
-    defaults: ["android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal-defaults"],
+    defaults: [
+        "hidl_defaults",
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal-defaults",
+    ],
     vendor_available: true,
     srcs: [
         "HalProxy.cpp",
-        "ScopedWakelock.cpp",
     ],
     export_header_lib_headers: [
         "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal.header",
     ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock",
+    ],
     shared_libs: [
         "libutils",
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test_library {
+    name: "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock.testlib",
+    defaults: [
+        "hidl_defaults",
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal-defaults",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "ScopedWakelock.cpp",
+    ],
+    vendor_available: true,
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal.header",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/multihal/HalProxy.cpp b/sensors/2.0/multihal/HalProxy.cpp
index 03ff605..ac6f17a 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/multihal/HalProxy.cpp
+++ b/sensors/2.0/multihal/HalProxy.cpp
@@ -290,6 +290,8 @@
     stream << "  Wakelock ref count: " << mWakelockRefCount << std::endl;
     stream << "  # of events on pending write writes queue: " << mSizePendingWriteEventsQueue
            << std::endl;
+    stream << " Most events seen on pending write events queue: "
+           << mMostEventsObservedPendingWriteEventsQueue << std::endl;
     if (!mPendingWriteEventsQueue.empty()) {
         stream << "  Size of events list on front of pending writes queue: "
                << mPendingWriteEventsQueue.front().first.size() << std::endl;
@@ -486,15 +488,14 @@
                 }
             }
             lock.lock();
+            mSizePendingWriteEventsQueue -= numToWrite;
             if (pendingWriteEvents.size() > eventQueueSize) {
                 // TODO(b/143302327): Check if this erase operation is too inefficient. It will copy
                 // all the events ahead of it down to fill gap off array at front after the erase.
                 pendingWriteEvents.erase(pendingWriteEvents.begin(),
                                          pendingWriteEvents.begin() + eventQueueSize);
-                mSizePendingWriteEventsQueue -= eventQueueSize;
             } else {
                 mPendingWriteEventsQueue.pop();
-                mSizePendingWriteEventsQueue -= pendingWriteEvents.size();
             }
         }
     }
@@ -572,6 +573,8 @@
         std::vector<Event> eventsLeft(events.begin() + numToWrite, events.end());
         mPendingWriteEventsQueue.push({eventsLeft, numWakeupEvents});
         mSizePendingWriteEventsQueue += numLeft;
+        mMostEventsObservedPendingWriteEventsQueue =
+                std::max(mMostEventsObservedPendingWriteEventsQueue, mSizePendingWriteEventsQueue);
         mEventQueueWriteCV.notify_one();
     }
 }
@@ -652,12 +655,12 @@
     if (numWakeupEvents > 0) {
         ALOG_ASSERT(wakelock.isLocked(),
                     "Wakeup events posted while wakelock unlocked for subhal"
-                    " w/ index %zu.",
+                    " w/ index %" PRId32 ".",
                     mSubHalIndex);
     } else {
         ALOG_ASSERT(!wakelock.isLocked(),
                     "No Wakeup events posted but wakelock locked for subhal"
-                    " w/ index %zu.",
+                    " w/ index %" PRId32 ".",
                     mSubHalIndex);
     }
     mHalProxy->postEventsToMessageQueue(processedEvents, numWakeupEvents, std::move(wakelock));
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/multihal/include/HalProxy.h b/sensors/2.0/multihal/include/HalProxy.h
index ce28e67..978f7cf 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/multihal/include/HalProxy.h
+++ b/sensors/2.0/multihal/include/HalProxy.h
@@ -200,6 +200,9 @@
      */
     std::queue<std::pair<std::vector<Event>, size_t>> mPendingWriteEventsQueue;
 
+    //! The most events observed on the pending write events queue for debug purposes.
+    size_t mMostEventsObservedPendingWriteEventsQueue = 0;
+
     //! The max number of events allowed in the pending write events queue
     static constexpr size_t kMaxSizePendingWriteEventsQueue = 100000;
 
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/multihal/tests/Android.bp b/sensors/2.0/multihal/tests/Android.bp
index e7f9499..472f3f3 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/multihal/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/sensors/2.0/multihal/tests/Android.bp
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.sensors@1.0",
         "android.hardware.sensors@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock",
         "libcutils",
         "libfmq",
         "libhardware",
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@
         "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-HalProxy",
     ],
     cflags: [
-        "-DLOG_TAG=\"FakeSubHal\""
+        "-DLOG_TAG=\"FakeSubHal\"",
     ],
 }
 
@@ -79,6 +80,7 @@
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-HalProxy",
         "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-fakesubhal-unittest",
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock.testlib",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.sensors@1.0",
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/multihal/tests/HalProxy_test.cpp b/sensors/2.0/multihal/tests/HalProxy_test.cpp
index 1fd35d1..4633a75 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/multihal/tests/HalProxy_test.cpp
+++ b/sensors/2.0/multihal/tests/HalProxy_test.cpp
@@ -724,6 +724,45 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(eventOut.sensorHandle, (subhal2Index << 24) | sensorHandleToPost);
 }
 
+TEST(HalProxyTest, FillAndDrainPendingQueueTest) {
+    constexpr size_t kQueueSize = 5;
+    // TODO: Make this constant linked to same limit in HalProxy.h
+    constexpr size_t kMaxPendingQueueSize = 100000;
+    AllSensorsSubHal subhal;
+    std::vector<ISensorsSubHal*> subHals{&subhal};
+
+    std::unique_ptr<EventMessageQueue> eventQueue = makeEventFMQ(kQueueSize);
+    std::unique_ptr<WakeupMessageQueue> wakeLockQueue = makeWakelockFMQ(kQueueSize);
+    ::android::sp<ISensorsCallback> callback = new SensorsCallback();
+    EventFlag* eventQueueFlag;
+    EventFlag::createEventFlag(eventQueue->getEventFlagWord(), &eventQueueFlag);
+    HalProxy proxy(subHals);
+    proxy.initialize(*eventQueue->getDesc(), *wakeLockQueue->getDesc(), callback);
+
+    // Fill pending queue
+    std::vector<Event> events = makeMultipleAccelerometerEvents(kQueueSize);
+    subhal.postEvents(events, false);
+    events = makeMultipleAccelerometerEvents(kMaxPendingQueueSize);
+    subhal.postEvents(events, false);
+
+    // Drain pending queue
+    for (int i = 0; i < kMaxPendingQueueSize + kQueueSize; i += kQueueSize) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(readEventsOutOfQueue(kQueueSize, eventQueue, eventQueueFlag));
+    }
+
+    // Put one event on pending queue
+    events = makeMultipleAccelerometerEvents(kQueueSize);
+    subhal.postEvents(events, false);
+    events = {makeAccelerometerEvent()};
+    subhal.postEvents(events, false);
+
+    // Read out to make room for one event on pending queue to write to FMQ
+    ASSERT_TRUE(readEventsOutOfQueue(kQueueSize, eventQueue, eventQueueFlag));
+
+    // Should be able to read that last event off queue
+    EXPECT_TRUE(readEventsOutOfQueue(1, eventQueue, eventQueueFlag));
+}
+
 // Helper implementations follow
 void testSensorsListFromProxyAndSubHal(const std::vector<SensorInfo>& proxySensorsList,
                                        const std::vector<SensorInfo>& subHalSensorsList) {
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b710ed0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="900000" />
+        <option name="runtime-hint" value="300000"/>
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.cpp b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.cpp
index 03fcc17..2071c5a 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.cpp
+++ b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.cpp
@@ -58,8 +58,7 @@
 bool SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::resetHal() {
     bool succeed = false;
     do {
-        mSensors = ISensors::getService(
-            SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::Instance()->getServiceName<ISensors>());
+        mSensors = ISensors::getService(mServiceName);
         if (mSensors == nullptr) {
             break;
         }
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.h b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.h
index b0dbd90..819cdd4 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.h
+++ b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.h
@@ -42,22 +42,12 @@
 class SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0 : public SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase {
    public:
     using Event = ::android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::Event;
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0* Instance() {
-        static SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0* instance = new SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0();
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<android::hardware::sensors::V2_0::ISensors>();
-    }
-
     virtual void HidlTearDown() override;
 
    protected:
     friend SensorsHidlTest;
-
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0() : mEventQueueFlag(nullptr) {}
+    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0(const std::string& service_name)
+        : SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase(service_name), mEventQueueFlag(nullptr) {}
 
     /**
      * Resets the HAL with new FMQs and a new Event Flag
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest.cpp
index 8364ba9..540529d 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/2.0/ISensors.h>
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/2.0/types.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <utils/SystemClock.h>
 
@@ -120,10 +122,14 @@
 class SensorsHidlTest : public SensorsHidlTestBase {
   public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
+        mEnvironment = new SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0(GetParam());
+        mEnvironment->HidlSetUp();
         // Ensure that we have a valid environment before performing tests
         ASSERT_NE(getSensors(), nullptr);
     }
 
+    virtual void TearDown() override { mEnvironment->HidlTearDown(); }
+
   protected:
     SensorInfo defaultSensorByType(SensorType type) override;
     std::vector<SensorInfo> getSensorsList();
@@ -160,12 +166,10 @@
     }
 
     inline sp<::android::hardware::sensors::V2_0::ISensors>& getSensors() {
-        return SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::Instance()->mSensors;
+        return mEnvironment->mSensors;
     }
 
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase* getEnvironment() override {
-        return SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::Instance();
-    }
+    SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase* getEnvironment() override { return mEnvironment; }
 
     // Test helpers
     void runSingleFlushTest(const std::vector<SensorInfo>& sensors, bool activateSensor,
@@ -191,6 +195,10 @@
     void checkRateLevel(const SensorInfo& sensor, int32_t directChannelHandle, RateLevel rateLevel);
     void queryDirectChannelSupport(SharedMemType memType, bool* supportsSharedMemType,
                                    bool* supportsAnyDirectChannel);
+
+  private:
+    // Test environment for sensors HAL.
+    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0* mEnvironment;
 };
 
 Return<Result> SensorsHidlTest::activate(int32_t sensorHandle, bool enabled) {
@@ -295,13 +303,13 @@
     // Find a sensor handle that does not exist in the sensor list
     int32_t maxHandle = 0;
     for (const SensorInfo& sensor : getSensorsList()) {
-        maxHandle = max(maxHandle, sensor.sensorHandle);
+        maxHandle = std::max(maxHandle, sensor.sensorHandle);
     }
     return maxHandle + 1;
 }
 
 // Test if sensor list returned is valid
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, SensorListValid) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, SensorListValid) {
     getSensors()->getSensorsList([&](const auto& list) {
         const size_t count = list.size();
         for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
@@ -346,7 +354,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that SetOperationMode returns the expected value
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, SetOperationMode) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, SetOperationMode) {
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensors = getInjectEventSensors();
     if (getInjectEventSensors().size() > 0) {
         ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, getSensors()->setOperationMode(OperationMode::NORMAL));
@@ -358,7 +366,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that an injected event is written back to the Event FMQ
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, InjectSensorEventData) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, InjectSensorEventData) {
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensors = getInjectEventSensors();
     if (sensors.size() == 0) {
         return;
@@ -414,196 +422,196 @@
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do UI speed accelerometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do normal speed accelerometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do game speed accelerometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationFast) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do UI speed gyroscope streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationSlow) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationSlow) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do normal speed gyroscope streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationNormal) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do game speed gyroscope streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationFast) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do UI speed magnetometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do normal speed magnetometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do game speed magnetometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationFast) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do accelerometer sampling rate switch properly when sensor is active
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
     testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER);
     testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, false /*fastToSlow*/);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do gyroscope sampling rate switch properly when sensor is active
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
     testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE);
     testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, false /*fastToSlow*/);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do magnetometer sampling rate switch properly when sensor is active
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
     testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD);
     testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, false /*fastToSlow*/);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do accelerometer batching properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerBatchingOperation) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerBatchingOperation) {
     testBatchingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do gyroscope batching properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeBatchingOperation) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeBatchingOperation) {
     testBatchingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do magnetometer batching properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerBatchingOperation) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerBatchingOperation) {
     testBatchingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for accel sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
                               sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for accel sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
                               sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for accel sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM,
                               RateLevel::VERY_FAST, sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for gyro sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
                               sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for gyro sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
                               sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for gyro sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
                               sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for mag sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
                               NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for mag sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
                               NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for mag sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM,
                               RateLevel::VERY_FAST, NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for accel sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
                               sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for accel sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
                               sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for accel sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC,
                               RateLevel::VERY_FAST, sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for gyro sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
                               sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for gyro sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
                               sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for gyro sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
                               sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for mag sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
                               NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for mag sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
                               NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for mag sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC,
                               RateLevel::VERY_FAST, NullChecker());
 }
@@ -619,9 +627,13 @@
 
 // Test that if initialize is called twice, then the HAL writes events to the FMQs from the second
 // call to the function.
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, CallInitializeTwice) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, CallInitializeTwice) {
     // Create a helper class so that a second environment is able to be instantiated
-    class SensorsHidlEnvironmentTest : public SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0 {};
+    class SensorsHidlEnvironmentTest : public SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0 {
+      public:
+        SensorsHidlEnvironmentTest(const std::string& service_name)
+            : SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0(service_name) {}
+    };
 
     if (getSensorsList().size() == 0) {
         // No sensors
@@ -633,7 +645,7 @@
 
     // Create a new environment that calls initialize()
     std::unique_ptr<SensorsHidlEnvironmentTest> newEnv =
-        std::make_unique<SensorsHidlEnvironmentTest>();
+            std::make_unique<SensorsHidlEnvironmentTest>(GetParam());
     newEnv->HidlSetUp();
     if (HasFatalFailure()) {
         return;  // Exit early if setting up the new environment failed
@@ -662,7 +674,7 @@
     activateAllSensors(false);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, CleanupConnectionsOnInitialize) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, CleanupConnectionsOnInitialize) {
     activateAllSensors(true);
 
     // Verify that events are received
@@ -731,7 +743,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, FlushSensor) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, FlushSensor) {
     // Find a sensor that is not a one-shot sensor
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensors = getNonOneShotSensors();
     if (sensors.size() == 0) {
@@ -743,7 +755,7 @@
     runFlushTest(sensors, true /* activateSensor */, kFlushes, kFlushes, Result::OK);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, FlushOneShotSensor) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, FlushOneShotSensor) {
     // Find a sensor that is a one-shot sensor
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensors = getOneShotSensors();
     if (sensors.size() == 0) {
@@ -754,7 +766,7 @@
                        Result::BAD_VALUE);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, FlushInactiveSensor) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, FlushInactiveSensor) {
     // Attempt to find a non-one shot sensor, then a one-shot sensor if necessary
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensors = getNonOneShotSensors();
     if (sensors.size() == 0) {
@@ -768,7 +780,7 @@
                        Result::BAD_VALUE);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, FlushNonexistentSensor) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, FlushNonexistentSensor) {
     SensorInfo sensor;
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensors = getNonOneShotSensors();
     if (sensors.size() == 0) {
@@ -783,7 +795,7 @@
                        0 /* expectedFlushCount */, Result::BAD_VALUE);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, Batch) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, Batch) {
     if (getSensorsList().size() == 0) {
         return;
     }
@@ -815,7 +827,7 @@
               Result::BAD_VALUE);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, Activate) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, Activate) {
     if (getSensorsList().size() == 0) {
         return;
     }
@@ -841,7 +853,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(activate(invalidHandle, false), Result::BAD_VALUE);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, NoStaleEvents) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, NoStaleEvents) {
     constexpr milliseconds kFiveHundredMs(500);
     constexpr milliseconds kOneSecond(1000);
 
@@ -1021,11 +1033,11 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, DirectChannelAshmem) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, DirectChannelAshmem) {
     verifyDirectChannel(SharedMemType::ASHMEM);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, DirectChannelGralloc) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, DirectChannelGralloc) {
     verifyDirectChannel(SharedMemType::GRALLOC);
 }
 
@@ -1064,7 +1076,7 @@
     return found;
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, ConfigureDirectChannelWithInvalidHandle) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, ConfigureDirectChannelWithInvalidHandle) {
     SensorInfo sensor;
     SharedMemType memType;
     RateLevel rate;
@@ -1078,7 +1090,7 @@
     });
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, CleanupDirectConnectionOnInitialize) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, CleanupDirectConnectionOnInitialize) {
     constexpr size_t kNumEvents = 1;
     constexpr size_t kMemSize = kNumEvents * kEventSize;
 
@@ -1124,12 +1136,8 @@
     mDirectChannelHandles = handles;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, SensorsHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 android::hardware::sensors::V2_0::ISensors::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
 // vim: set ts=2 sw=2
diff --git a/sensors/common/vts/utils/Android.bp b/sensors/common/vts/utils/Android.bp
index 02dc608..bb4d329 100644
--- a/sensors/common/vts/utils/Android.bp
+++ b/sensors/common/vts/utils/Android.bp
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 cc_library_static {
     name: "VtsHalSensorsTargetTestUtils",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     cflags: ["-DLOG_TAG=\"sensors_hidl_hal_test\""],
     srcs: [
         "GrallocWrapper.cpp",
@@ -36,6 +37,5 @@
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
         "android.hardware.sensors@1.0",
-        "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase.h b/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase.h
index 6499fba..dbc9392 100644
--- a/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase.h
+++ b/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase.h
@@ -17,9 +17,8 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_SENSORS_HIDL_ENVIRONMENT_BASE_H
 #define ANDROID_SENSORS_HIDL_ENVIRONMENT_BASE_H
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
-
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include <atomic>
 #include <memory>
@@ -33,11 +32,11 @@
     virtual void onEvent(const ::android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::Event& event) = 0;
 };
 
-class SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
+class SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase {
+  public:
     using Event = ::android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::Event;
-    virtual void HidlSetUp() override;
-    virtual void HidlTearDown() override;
+    virtual void HidlSetUp();
+    virtual void HidlTearDown();
 
     // Get and clear all events collected so far (like "cat" shell command).
     // If output is nullptr, it clears all collected events.
@@ -50,22 +49,27 @@
     void unregisterCallback();
 
    protected:
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase() : mCollectionEnabled(false), mCallback(nullptr) {}
+     SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase(const std::string& service_name)
+         : mCollectionEnabled(false), mCallback(nullptr) {
+         mServiceName = service_name;
+     }
+     virtual ~SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase(){};
 
-    void addEvent(const Event& ev);
+     void addEvent(const Event& ev);
 
-    virtual void startPollingThread() = 0;
-    virtual bool resetHal() = 0;
+     virtual void startPollingThread() = 0;
+     virtual bool resetHal() = 0;
 
-    bool mCollectionEnabled;
-    std::atomic_bool mStopThread;
-    std::thread mPollThread;
-    std::vector<Event> mEvents;
-    std::mutex mEventsMutex;
+     std::string mServiceName;
+     bool mCollectionEnabled;
+     std::atomic_bool mStopThread;
+     std::thread mPollThread;
+     std::vector<Event> mEvents;
+     std::mutex mEventsMutex;
 
-    IEventCallback* mCallback;
+     IEventCallback* mCallback;
 
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase);
+     GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase);
 };
 
 #endif  // ANDROID_SENSORS_HIDL_ENVIRONMENT_BASE_H
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlTestBase.h b/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlTestBase.h
index 6fd9a2b..54e899b 100644
--- a/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlTestBase.h
+++ b/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlTestBase.h
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@
 #include "sensors-vts-utils/SensorEventsChecker.h"
 #include "sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase.h"
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/1.0/ISensors.h>
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <vector>
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@
 using ::android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::SharedMemInfo;
 using ::android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::SharedMemType;
 
-class SensorsHidlTestBase : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
+class SensorsHidlTestBase : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
     virtual SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase* getEnvironment() = 0;
     virtual void SetUp() override {}
 
@@ -129,4 +129,4 @@
     std::unordered_set<int32_t> mDirectChannelHandles;
 };
 
-#endif  // ANDROID_SENSORS_HIDL_TEST_BASE_H
\ No newline at end of file
+#endif  // ANDROID_SENSORS_HIDL_TEST_BASE_H
diff --git a/soundtrigger/2.1/Android.bp b/soundtrigger/2.1/Android.bp
index 68e425b..30173cb 100644
--- a/soundtrigger/2.1/Android.bp
+++ b/soundtrigger/2.1/Android.bp
@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@
         "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0",
         "android.hidl.base@1.0",
     ],
-    gen_java: false,
+    gen_java: true,
 }
diff --git a/soundtrigger/2.2/Android.bp b/soundtrigger/2.2/Android.bp
index 43898c7..7556aa4 100644
--- a/soundtrigger/2.2/Android.bp
+++ b/soundtrigger/2.2/Android.bp
@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@
         "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.1",
         "android.hidl.base@1.0",
     ],
-    gen_java: false,
+    gen_java: true,
 }
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
index ef9b39b..b1cda0c 100644
--- a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 aidl_interface {
     // This is an example test interface showing how to add functionality
     // with setExtension/getExtension
-    name: "test-vintf-vibrator-ext",
+    name: "android.hardware.tests.extension.vibrator",
     vendor_available: true,
     srcs: [
         // Using android.hardware as the package because this is in
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
     // This happens to use types from a core interface, so we import it, but
     // this won't always be needed.
     imports: [
-        "vintf-vibrator",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator",
     ],
 
     backend: {
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/Android.bp b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/Android.bp
index f7b71f7..b0d8238 100644
--- a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/Android.bp
@@ -1,26 +1,24 @@
-
 // This example client is written as a test, but it is executing from a system
 // context. All this code would look the same if it was running in system
 // server for example.
 
 cc_test {
-    name: "test-vintf-vibrator-ext-client",
+    name: "android.hardware.tests.extension.vibrator-client",
     srcs: [
-         // system code has the option to use the unstable C++ libbinder API
-         // or the NDK one. For maximum code portability, using the ndk client
-         // makes the most sense, but both are provided here as an example.
-         "test-cpp-client.cpp",
-         "test-ndk-client.cpp",
+        // system code has the option to use the unstable C++ libbinder API
+        // or the NDK one. For maximum code portability, using the ndk client
+        // makes the most sense, but both are provided here as an example.
+        "test-cpp-client.cpp",
+        "test-ndk-client.cpp",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
-         "libbinder",
-         "libutils",
-         "vintf-vibrator-cpp",
-         "test-vintf-vibrator-ext-cpp",
+        "libbinder",
+        "libutils",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-cpp",
+        "android.hardware.tests.extension.vibrator-cpp",
 
-         "libbinder_ndk",
-         "vintf-vibrator-ndk_platform",
-         "test-vintf-vibrator-ext-ndk_platform",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.tests.extension.vibrator-ndk_platform",
     ],
 }
-
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/test-cpp-client.cpp b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/test-cpp-client.cpp
index f6f5537..015a345 100644
--- a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/test-cpp-client.cpp
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/test-cpp-client.cpp
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@
 #include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
+using android::checked_interface_cast;
 using android::IBinder;
 using android::IInterface;
-using android::interface_cast;
 using android::OK;
 using android::sp;
 using android::waitForVintfService;
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
     // getting the extension
     sp<IBinder> ext;
     ASSERT_EQ(OK, IInterface::asBinder(vib)->getExtension(&ext));
-    sp<ICustomVibrator> cvib = interface_cast<ICustomVibrator>(ext);
+    sp<ICustomVibrator> cvib = checked_interface_cast<ICustomVibrator>(ext);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cvib.get());
 
     // calling extension method
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
index 9869657..ed40d25 100644
--- a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libbinder_ndk",
-        "vintf-vibrator-ndk_platform",
-        "test-vintf-vibrator-ext-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.tests.extension.vibrator-ndk_platform",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/tests/lazy/1.0/.hidl_for_test b/tests/lazy/1.0/.hidl_for_test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/lazy/1.0/.hidl_for_test
diff --git a/tests/lazy/1.0/Android.bp b/tests/lazy/1.0/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2f8175
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/lazy/1.0/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
+
+hidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.tests.lazy@1.0",
+    root: "android.hardware",
+    system_ext_specific: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "ILazy.hal",
+    ],
+    interfaces: [
+        "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+    ],
+    gen_java: true,
+}
diff --git a/tests/lazy/1.0/ILazy.hal b/tests/lazy/1.0/ILazy.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0be48e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/lazy/1.0/ILazy.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.tests.lazy@1.0;
+
+interface ILazy {};
diff --git a/tests/memory/1.0/Android.bp b/tests/memory/1.0/Android.bp
index 29f6be7..6612e31 100644
--- a/tests/memory/1.0/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/memory/1.0/Android.bp
@@ -11,5 +11,5 @@
         "android.hidl.memory.block@1.0",
         "android.hidl.memory.token@1.0",
     ],
-    gen_java: false,
+    gen_java: true,
 }
diff --git a/tests/memory/2.0/.hidl_for_test b/tests/memory/2.0/.hidl_for_test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/memory/2.0/.hidl_for_test
diff --git a/tests/memory/2.0/Android.bp b/tests/memory/2.0/Android.bp
index 5166652..d24bd21 100644
--- a/tests/memory/2.0/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/memory/2.0/Android.bp
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
+// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
+
 hidl_interface {
     name: "android.hardware.tests.memory@2.0",
     root: "android.hardware",
     srcs: [
-        "IMemoryInterface.hal",
         "types.hal",
+        "IMemoryInterface.hal",
     ],
     interfaces: [
         "android.hidl.base@1.0",
diff --git a/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index e8e1414..4af59b6 100644
--- a/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -20,5 +20,5 @@
         "android.hardware.tetheroffload.config@1.0",
         "android.hardware.tetheroffload.control@1.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTetheroffloadControlV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTetheroffloadControlV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 03b6406..b422b2f 100644
--- a/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTetheroffloadControlV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTetheroffloadControlV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -17,15 +17,17 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "VtsOffloadControlV1_0TargetTest"
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <android/hardware/tetheroffload/config/1.0/IOffloadConfig.h>
 #include <android/hardware/tetheroffload/control/1.0/IOffloadControl.h>
 #include <android/hardware/tetheroffload/control/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <linux/netfilter/nfnetlink.h>
 #include <linux/netlink.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 #include <net/if.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -110,24 +112,8 @@
     NatTimeoutUpdate last_params;
 };
 
-// Test environment for OffloadControl HIDL HAL.
-class OffloadControlHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static OffloadControlHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static OffloadControlHidlEnvironment* instance = new OffloadControlHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<IOffloadConfig>();
-        registerTestService<IOffloadControl>();
-    }
-   private:
-    OffloadControlHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
-class OffloadControlHidlTestBase : public testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class OffloadControlHidlTestBase
+    : public testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
    public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
         setupConfigHal();
@@ -144,8 +130,7 @@
     // The IOffloadConfig HAL is tested more thoroughly elsewhere. He we just
     // setup everything correctly and verify basic readiness.
     void setupConfigHal() {
-        config = testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IOffloadConfig>(
-            OffloadControlHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IOffloadConfig>());
+        config = IOffloadConfig::getService(std::get<0>(GetParam()));
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, config.get()) << "Could not get HIDL instance";
 
         unique_fd fd1(conntrackSocket(NF_NETLINK_CONNTRACK_NEW | NF_NETLINK_CONNTRACK_DESTROY));
@@ -173,8 +158,7 @@
     }
 
     void prepareControlHal() {
-        control = testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IOffloadControl>(
-            OffloadControlHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IOffloadControl>());
+        control = IOffloadControl::getService(std::get<1>(GetParam()));
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, control.get()) << "Could not get HIDL instance";
 
         control_cb = new TetheringOffloadCallback();
@@ -240,7 +224,7 @@
 };
 
 // Call initOffload() multiple times. Check that non-first initOffload() calls return false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AdditionalInitsWithoutStopReturnFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AdditionalInitsWithoutStopReturnFalse) {
     initOffload(true);
     initOffload(false);
     initOffload(false);
@@ -248,7 +232,7 @@
 }
 
 // Check that calling stopOffload() without first having called initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, MultipleStopsWithoutInitReturnFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, MultipleStopsWithoutInitReturnFalse) {
     stopOffload(ExpectBoolean::False);
     stopOffload(ExpectBoolean::False);
     stopOffload(ExpectBoolean::False);
@@ -267,7 +251,7 @@
 }
 
 // Check that calling stopOffload() after a complete init/stop cycle returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AdditionalStopsWithInitReturnFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AdditionalStopsWithInitReturnFalse) {
     initOffload(true);
     // Call setUpstreamParameters() so that "offload" can be reasonably said
     // to be both requested and operational.
@@ -289,7 +273,7 @@
 }
 
 // Check that calling setLocalPrefixes() without first having called initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, SetLocalPrefixesWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, SetLocalPrefixesWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const vector<hidl_string> prefixes{hidl_string("2001:db8::/64")};
     const Return<void> ret = control->setLocalPrefixes(prefixes, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -297,14 +281,14 @@
 
 // Check that calling getForwardedStats() without first having called initOffload()
 // returns zero bytes statistics.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, GetForwardedStatsWithoutInitReturnsZeroValues) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, GetForwardedStatsWithoutInitReturnsZeroValues) {
     const hidl_string upstream(TEST_IFACE);
     const Return<void> ret = control->getForwardedStats(upstream, ASSERT_ZERO_BYTES_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
 // Check that calling setDataLimit() without first having called initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, SetDataLimitWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, SetDataLimitWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const hidl_string upstream(TEST_IFACE);
     const uint64_t limit = 5000ULL;
     const Return<void> ret = control->setDataLimit(upstream, limit, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -313,7 +297,7 @@
 
 // Check that calling setUpstreamParameters() without first having called initOffload()
 // returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, SetUpstreamParametersWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, SetUpstreamParametersWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr("192.0.2.0/24");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("192.0.2.1");
@@ -325,7 +309,7 @@
 
 // Check that calling addDownstream() with an IPv4 prefix without first having called
 // initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AddIPv4DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AddIPv4DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string prefix("192.0.2.0/24");
     const Return<void> ret = control->addDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -334,7 +318,7 @@
 
 // Check that calling addDownstream() with an IPv6 prefix without first having called
 // initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AddIPv6DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AddIPv6DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string prefix("2001:db8::/64");
     const Return<void> ret = control->addDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -343,7 +327,7 @@
 
 // Check that calling removeDownstream() with an IPv4 prefix without first having called
 // initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, RemoveIPv4DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, RemoveIPv4DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string prefix("192.0.2.0/24");
     const Return<void> ret = control->removeDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -352,7 +336,7 @@
 
 // Check that calling removeDownstream() with an IPv6 prefix without first having called
 // initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, RemoveIPv6DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, RemoveIPv6DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string prefix("2001:db8::/64");
     const Return<void> ret = control->removeDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -379,21 +363,21 @@
  */
 
 // Test setLocalPrefixes() accepts an IPv4 address.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesIPv4AddressOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesIPv4AddressOk) {
     const vector<hidl_string> prefixes{hidl_string("192.0.2.1")};
     const Return<void> ret = control->setLocalPrefixes(prefixes, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
 // Test setLocalPrefixes() accepts an IPv6 address.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesIPv6AddressOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesIPv6AddressOk) {
     const vector<hidl_string> prefixes{hidl_string("fe80::1")};
     const Return<void> ret = control->setLocalPrefixes(prefixes, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
 // Test setLocalPrefixes() accepts both IPv4 and IPv6 prefixes.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesIPv4v6PrefixesOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesIPv4v6PrefixesOk) {
     const vector<hidl_string> prefixes{hidl_string("192.0.2.0/24"), hidl_string("fe80::/64")};
     const Return<void> ret = control->setLocalPrefixes(prefixes, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -402,14 +386,14 @@
 // Test that setLocalPrefixes() fails given empty input. There is always
 // a non-empty set of local prefixes; when all networking interfaces are down
 // we still apply {127.0.0.0/8, ::1/128, fe80::/64} here.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesEmptyFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesEmptyFails) {
     const vector<hidl_string> prefixes{};
     const Return<void> ret = control->setLocalPrefixes(prefixes, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
 // Test setLocalPrefixes() fails on incorrectly formed input strings.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesInvalidFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesInvalidFails) {
     const vector<hidl_string> prefixes{hidl_string("192.0.2.0/24"), hidl_string("invalid")};
     const Return<void> ret = control->setLocalPrefixes(prefixes, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -420,7 +404,7 @@
  */
 
 // Test that getForwardedStats() for a non-existent upstream yields zero bytes statistics.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, GetForwardedStatsInvalidUpstreamIface) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, GetForwardedStatsInvalidUpstreamIface) {
     const hidl_string upstream("invalid");
     const Return<void> ret = control->getForwardedStats(upstream, ASSERT_ZERO_BYTES_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -428,7 +412,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, GetForwardedStatsDummyIface) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, GetForwardedStatsDummyIface) {
     const hidl_string upstream(TEST_IFACE);
     const Return<void> ret = control->getForwardedStats(upstream, ASSERT_ZERO_BYTES_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -439,7 +423,7 @@
  */
 
 // Test that setDataLimit() for an empty interface name fails.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetDataLimitEmptyUpstreamIfaceFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetDataLimitEmptyUpstreamIfaceFails) {
     const hidl_string upstream("");
     const uint64_t limit = 5000ULL;
     const Return<void> ret = control->setDataLimit(upstream, limit, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -448,7 +432,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetDataLimitNonZeroOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetDataLimitNonZeroOk) {
     const hidl_string upstream(TEST_IFACE);
     const uint64_t limit = 5000ULL;
     const Return<void> ret = control->setDataLimit(upstream, limit, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
@@ -457,7 +441,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetDataLimitZeroOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetDataLimitZeroOk) {
     const hidl_string upstream(TEST_IFACE);
     const uint64_t limit = 0ULL;
     const Return<void> ret = control->setDataLimit(upstream, limit, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
@@ -470,7 +454,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersIPv6OnlyOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersIPv6OnlyOk) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr("");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("");
@@ -482,7 +466,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersAlternateIPv6OnlyOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersAlternateIPv6OnlyOk) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr;
     const hidl_string v4Gw;
@@ -494,7 +478,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersIPv4OnlyOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersIPv4OnlyOk) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr("192.0.2.2");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("192.0.2.1");
@@ -506,7 +490,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersIPv4v6Ok) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersIPv4v6Ok) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr("192.0.2.2");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("192.0.2.1");
@@ -517,7 +501,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that setUpstreamParameters() fails when all parameters are empty.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersEmptyFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersEmptyFails) {
     const hidl_string iface("");
     const hidl_string v4Addr("");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("");
@@ -528,7 +512,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that setUpstreamParameters() fails when given empty or non-existent interface names.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersBogusIfaceFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersBogusIfaceFails) {
     const hidl_string v4Addr("192.0.2.2");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("192.0.2.1");
     const vector<hidl_string> v6Gws{hidl_string("fe80::db8:1")};
@@ -542,7 +526,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that setUpstreamParameters() fails when given unparseable IPv4 addresses.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersInvalidIPv4AddrFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersInvalidIPv4AddrFails) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Gw("192.0.2.1");
     const vector<hidl_string> v6Gws{hidl_string("fe80::db8:1")};
@@ -556,7 +540,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that setUpstreamParameters() fails when given unparseable IPv4 gateways.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersInvalidIPv4GatewayFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersInvalidIPv4GatewayFails) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr("192.0.2.2");
     const vector<hidl_string> v6Gws{hidl_string("fe80::db8:1")};
@@ -570,7 +554,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that setUpstreamParameters() fails when given unparseable IPv6 gateways.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersBadIPv6GatewaysFail) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersBadIPv6GatewaysFail) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr("192.0.2.2");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("192.0.2.1");
@@ -588,7 +572,7 @@
  */
 
 // Test addDownstream() works given an IPv4 prefix.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamIPv4) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamIPv4) {
     const hidl_string iface("dummy0");
     const hidl_string prefix("192.0.2.0/24");
     const Return<void> ret = control->addDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
@@ -596,7 +580,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test addDownstream() works given an IPv6 prefix.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamIPv6) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamIPv6) {
     const hidl_string iface("dummy0");
     const hidl_string prefix("2001:db8::/64");
     const Return<void> ret = control->addDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
@@ -604,7 +588,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test addDownstream() fails given all empty parameters.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamEmptyFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamEmptyFails) {
     const hidl_string iface("");
     const hidl_string prefix("");
     const Return<void> ret = control->addDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -612,7 +596,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test addDownstream() fails given empty or non-existent interface names.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamInvalidIfaceFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamInvalidIfaceFails) {
     const hidl_string prefix("192.0.2.0/24");
     for (const auto& bogus : {"", "invalid"}) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(StringPrintf("iface='%s'", bogus));
@@ -623,7 +607,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test addDownstream() fails given unparseable prefix arguments.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamBogusPrefixFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamBogusPrefixFails) {
     const hidl_string iface("dummy0");
     for (const auto& bogus : {"", "192.0.2/24", "2001:db8/64"}) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(StringPrintf("prefix='%s'", bogus));
@@ -638,7 +622,7 @@
  */
 
 // Test removeDownstream() works given an IPv4 prefix.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamIPv4) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamIPv4) {
     const hidl_string iface("dummy0");
     const hidl_string prefix("192.0.2.0/24");
     // First add the downstream, otherwise removeDownstream logic can reasonably
@@ -650,7 +634,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test removeDownstream() works given an IPv6 prefix.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamIPv6) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamIPv6) {
     const hidl_string iface("dummy0");
     const hidl_string prefix("2001:db8::/64");
     // First add the downstream, otherwise removeDownstream logic can reasonably
@@ -662,7 +646,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test removeDownstream() fails given all empty parameters.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamEmptyFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamEmptyFails) {
     const hidl_string iface("");
     const hidl_string prefix("");
     const Return<void> ret = control->removeDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -670,7 +654,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test removeDownstream() fails given empty or non-existent interface names.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamBogusIfaceFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamBogusIfaceFails) {
     const hidl_string prefix("192.0.2.0/24");
     for (const auto& bogus : {"", "invalid"}) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(StringPrintf("iface='%s'", bogus));
@@ -681,7 +665,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test removeDownstream() fails given unparseable prefix arguments.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamBogusPrefixFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamBogusPrefixFails) {
     const hidl_string iface("dummy0");
     for (const auto& bogus : {"", "192.0.2/24", "2001:db8/64"}) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(StringPrintf("prefix='%s'", bogus));
@@ -691,11 +675,21 @@
     }
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(OffloadControlHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    OffloadControlHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGE("Test result with status=%d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+    PerInstance, OffloadControlHidlTestBase,
+    testing::Combine(
+        testing::ValuesIn(
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOffloadConfig::descriptor)),
+        testing::ValuesIn(
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOffloadControl::descriptor))),
+    android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+    PerInstance, OffloadControlHidlTest,
+    testing::Combine(
+        testing::ValuesIn(
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOffloadConfig::descriptor)),
+        testing::ValuesIn(
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOffloadControl::descriptor))),
+    android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/IDemux.hal b/tv/tuner/1.0/IDemux.hal
index 9e799b4..16fc392 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/IDemux.hal
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/IDemux.hal
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 /**
  * Demultiplexer(Demux) takes a single multiplexed input and splits it into
  * one or more output.
- *
  */
 interface IDemux {
     /**
@@ -134,4 +133,30 @@
      */
     openDvr(DvrType type, uint32_t bufferSize, IDvrCallback cb)
         generates (Result result, IDvr dvr);
+
+    /**
+     * Connect Conditional Access Modules (CAM) through Common Interface (CI)
+     *
+     * It is used by the client to connect CI-CAM. The demux uses the output
+     * from the frontend as the input by default, and must change to use the
+     * output from CI-CAM as the input after this call take place.
+     *
+     * @param ciCamId specify CI-CAM Id to connect.
+     * @return result Result status of the operation.
+     *         SUCCESS if successful,
+     *         UNKNOWN_ERROR if failed for other reasons.
+     */
+    connectCiCam(uint32_t ciCamId) generates (Result result);
+
+    /**
+     * Disconnect Conditional Access Modules (CAM)
+     *
+     * It is used by the client to disconnect CI-CAM. The demux will use the
+     * output from the frontend as the input after this call take place.
+     *
+     * @return result Result status of the operation.
+     *         SUCCESS if successful,
+     *         UNKNOWN_ERROR if failed for other reasons.
+     */
+    disconnectCiCam() generates (Result result);
 };
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/IFilter.hal b/tv/tuner/1.0/IFilter.hal
index deaf3d4..567971f 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/IFilter.hal
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/IFilter.hal
@@ -104,15 +104,31 @@
      *
      * It is used by the client to ask the hardware resource id for the filter.
      *
-     * @param filterId the hardware resource Id for the filter.
      * @return result Result status of the operation.
      *         SUCCESS if successful,
      *         INVALID_STATE if failed for wrong state.
      *         UNKNOWN_ERROR if failed for other reasons.
+     * @return filterId the hardware resource Id for the filter.
      */
     getId() generates (Result result, uint32_t filterId);
 
     /**
+     * Release the handle reported by the HAL for AV memory.
+     *
+     * It is used by the client to notify the HAL that the AV handle won't be
+     * used any more in client side, so that the HAL can mark the memory
+     * presented by file descripor in the handle as released.
+     *
+     * @param avMemory A handle associated to the memory for audio or video.
+     * @param avDataId An Id provides additional information for AV data.
+     * @return result Result status of the operation.
+     *         SUCCESS if successful,
+     *         INVALID_ARGUMENT if failed for wrong parameter.
+     *         UNKNOWN_ERROR if failed for other reasons.
+     */
+    releaseAvHandle(handle avMemory, uint64_t avDataId) generates (Result result);
+
+    /**
      * Set the filter's data source.
      *
      * A filter uses demux as data source by default. If the data was packetized
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/ITuner.hal b/tv/tuner/1.0/ITuner.hal
index 2712c13..ba183f1 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/ITuner.hal
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/ITuner.hal
@@ -123,4 +123,21 @@
      * @return lnb the newly created Lnb interface.
      */
     openLnbById(LnbId lnbId) generates (Result result, ILnb lnb);
+
+    /**
+     * Create a new instance of Lnb given a LNB name.
+     *
+     * It is used by the client to create a LNB instance for external device.
+     *
+     * @param lnbName the name for an external LNB to be opened. The app
+     *        provides the name. Frammework doesn't depend on the name, instead
+     *        use lnbId return from this call.
+     * @return result Result status of the operation.
+     *         SUCCESS if successful,
+     *         UNAVAILABLE if no resource.
+     *         UNKNOWN_ERROR if creation failed for other reasons.
+     * @return lnbId the id of the LNB to be opened.
+     * @return lnb the newly created Lnb interface.
+     */
+    openLnbByName(string lnbName) generates (Result result, LnbId lnbId, ILnb lnb);
 };
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.cpp
index c5921f7..43c4e3a 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.cpp
@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@
     mFrontendSourceFile = mFrontend->getSourceFile();
 
     mTunerService->setFrontendAsDemuxSource(frontendId, mDemuxId);
-    return startBroadcastInputLoop();
+
+    return startFrontendInputLoop();
 }
 
 Return<void> Demux::openFilter(const DemuxFilterType& type, uint32_t bufferSize,
@@ -136,29 +137,44 @@
         return Void();
     }
 
-    sp<Dvr> dvr = new Dvr(type, bufferSize, cb, this);
+    mDvr = new Dvr(type, bufferSize, cb, this);
 
-    if (!dvr->createDvrMQ()) {
-        _hidl_cb(Result::UNKNOWN_ERROR, dvr);
+    if (!mDvr->createDvrMQ()) {
+        _hidl_cb(Result::UNKNOWN_ERROR, mDvr);
         return Void();
     }
 
-    _hidl_cb(Result::SUCCESS, dvr);
+    _hidl_cb(Result::SUCCESS, mDvr);
     return Void();
 }
 
+Return<Result> Demux::connectCiCam(uint32_t ciCamId) {
+    ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
+
+    mCiCamId = ciCamId;
+
+    return Result::SUCCESS;
+}
+
+Return<Result> Demux::disconnectCiCam() {
+    ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
+
+    return Result::SUCCESS;
+}
+
 Result Demux::removeFilter(uint32_t filterId) {
     ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
 
     // resetFilterRecords(filterId);
     mUsedFilterIds.erase(filterId);
+    mRecordFilterIds.erase(filterId);
     mUnusedFilterIds.insert(filterId);
     mFilters.erase(filterId);
 
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
-void Demux::startTsFilter(vector<uint8_t> data) {
+void Demux::startBroadcastTsFilter(vector<uint8_t> data) {
     set<uint32_t>::iterator it;
     for (it = mUsedFilterIds.begin(); it != mUsedFilterIds.end(); it++) {
         uint16_t pid = ((data[1] & 0x1f) << 8) | ((data[2] & 0xff));
@@ -171,7 +187,17 @@
     }
 }
 
-bool Demux::startFilterDispatcher() {
+void Demux::sendFrontendInputToRecord(vector<uint8_t> data) {
+    set<uint32_t>::iterator it;
+    for (it = mRecordFilterIds.begin(); it != mRecordFilterIds.end(); it++) {
+        if (DEBUG_FILTER) {
+            ALOGW("update record filter output");
+        }
+        mFilters[*it]->updateRecordOutput(data);
+    }
+}
+
+bool Demux::startBroadcastFilterDispatcher() {
     set<uint32_t>::iterator it;
 
     // Handle the output data per filter type
@@ -184,6 +210,18 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+bool Demux::startRecordFilterDispatcher() {
+    set<uint32_t>::iterator it;
+
+    for (it = mRecordFilterIds.begin(); it != mRecordFilterIds.end(); it++) {
+        if (mFilters[*it]->startRecordFilterHandler() != Result::SUCCESS) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
 Result Demux::startFilterHandler(uint32_t filterId) {
     return mFilters[filterId]->startFilterHandler();
 }
@@ -196,22 +234,22 @@
     return mFilters[filterId]->getTpid();
 }
 
-Result Demux::startBroadcastInputLoop() {
-    pthread_create(&mBroadcastInputThread, NULL, __threadLoopBroadcast, this);
-    pthread_setname_np(mBroadcastInputThread, "broadcast_input_thread");
+Result Demux::startFrontendInputLoop() {
+    pthread_create(&mFrontendInputThread, NULL, __threadLoopFrontend, this);
+    pthread_setname_np(mFrontendInputThread, "frontend_input_thread");
 
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
-void* Demux::__threadLoopBroadcast(void* user) {
+void* Demux::__threadLoopFrontend(void* user) {
     Demux* const self = static_cast<Demux*>(user);
-    self->broadcastInputThreadLoop();
+    self->frontendInputThreadLoop();
     return 0;
 }
 
-void Demux::broadcastInputThreadLoop() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mBroadcastInputThreadLock);
-    mBroadcastInputThreadRunning = true;
+void Demux::frontendInputThreadLoop() {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mFrontendInputThreadLock);
+    mFrontendInputThreadRunning = true;
     mKeepFetchingDataFromFrontend = true;
 
     // open the stream and get its length
@@ -220,20 +258,20 @@
     int packetSize = 188;
     int writePacketAmount = 6;
     char* buffer = new char[packetSize];
-    ALOGW("[Demux] broadcast input thread loop start %s", mFrontendSourceFile.c_str());
+    ALOGW("[Demux] Frontend input thread loop start %s", mFrontendSourceFile.c_str());
     if (!inputData.is_open()) {
-        mBroadcastInputThreadRunning = false;
+        mFrontendInputThreadRunning = false;
         ALOGW("[Demux] Error %s", strerror(errno));
     }
 
-    while (mBroadcastInputThreadRunning) {
+    while (mFrontendInputThreadRunning) {
         // move the stream pointer for packet size * 6 every read until the end
         while (mKeepFetchingDataFromFrontend) {
             for (int i = 0; i < writePacketAmount; i++) {
                 inputData.read(buffer, packetSize);
                 if (!inputData) {
                     mKeepFetchingDataFromFrontend = false;
-                    mBroadcastInputThreadRunning = false;
+                    mFrontendInputThreadRunning = false;
                     break;
                 }
                 // filter and dispatch filter output
@@ -242,23 +280,61 @@
                 for (int index = 0; index < byteBuffer.size(); index++) {
                     byteBuffer[index] = static_cast<uint8_t>(buffer[index]);
                 }
-                startTsFilter(byteBuffer);
+                if (mIsRecording) {
+                    // Feed the data into the Dvr recording input
+                    sendFrontendInputToRecord(byteBuffer);
+                } else {
+                    // Feed the data into the broadcast demux filter
+                    startBroadcastTsFilter(byteBuffer);
+                }
             }
-            startFilterDispatcher();
+            if (mIsRecording) {
+                // Dispatch the data into the broadcasting filters.
+                startRecordFilterDispatcher();
+            } else {
+                // Dispatch the data into the broadcasting filters.
+                startBroadcastFilterDispatcher();
+            }
             usleep(100);
         }
     }
 
-    ALOGW("[Demux] Broadcast Input thread end.");
+    ALOGW("[Demux] Frontend Input thread end.");
     delete[] buffer;
     inputData.close();
 }
 
-void Demux::stopBroadcastInput() {
+void Demux::stopFrontendInput() {
     ALOGD("[Demux] stop frontend on demux");
     mKeepFetchingDataFromFrontend = false;
-    mBroadcastInputThreadRunning = false;
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mBroadcastInputThreadLock);
+    mFrontendInputThreadRunning = false;
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mFrontendInputThreadLock);
+}
+
+void Demux::setIsRecording(bool isRecording) {
+    mIsRecording = isRecording;
+}
+
+bool Demux::attachRecordFilter(int filterId) {
+    if (mFilters[filterId] == nullptr || mDvr == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    mRecordFilterIds.insert(filterId);
+    mFilters[filterId]->attachFilterToRecord(mDvr);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool Demux::detachRecordFilter(int filterId) {
+    if (mFilters[filterId] == nullptr || mDvr == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    mRecordFilterIds.erase(filterId);
+    mFilters[filterId]->detachFilterFromRecord();
+
+    return true;
 }
 
 }  // namespace implementation
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.h b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.h
index a9756cc..1405d0c 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.h
@@ -76,12 +76,19 @@
     virtual Return<void> openDvr(DvrType type, uint32_t bufferSize, const sp<IDvrCallback>& cb,
                                  openDvr_cb _hidl_cb) override;
 
+    virtual Return<Result> connectCiCam(uint32_t ciCamId) override;
+
+    virtual Return<Result> disconnectCiCam() override;
+
     // Functions interacts with Tuner Service
-    void stopBroadcastInput();
+    void stopFrontendInput();
     Result removeFilter(uint32_t filterId);
+    bool attachRecordFilter(int filterId);
+    bool detachRecordFilter(int filterId);
     Result startFilterHandler(uint32_t filterId);
     void updateFilterOutput(uint16_t filterId, vector<uint8_t> data);
     uint16_t getFilterTpid(uint32_t filterId);
+    void setIsRecording(bool isRecording);
 
   private:
     // Tuner service
@@ -97,9 +104,9 @@
         uint32_t filterId;
     };
 
-    Result startBroadcastInputLoop();
-    static void* __threadLoopBroadcast(void* user);
-    void broadcastInputThreadLoop();
+    Result startFrontendInputLoop();
+    static void* __threadLoopFrontend(void* user);
+    void frontendInputThreadLoop();
 
     /**
      * To create a FilterMQ with the the next available Filter ID.
@@ -113,11 +120,16 @@
     /**
      * A dispatcher to read and dispatch input data to all the started filters.
      * Each filter handler handles the data filtering/output writing/filterEvent updating.
+     * Note that recording filters are not included.
      */
-    bool startFilterDispatcher();
-    void startTsFilter(vector<uint8_t> data);
+    bool startBroadcastFilterDispatcher();
+    void startBroadcastTsFilter(vector<uint8_t> data);
+
+    void sendFrontendInputToRecord(vector<uint8_t> data);
+    bool startRecordFilterDispatcher();
 
     uint32_t mDemuxId;
+    uint32_t mCiCamId;
     /**
      * Record the last used filter id. Initial value is -1.
      * Filter Id starts with 0.
@@ -136,26 +148,40 @@
      */
     set<uint32_t> mUnusedFilterIds;
     /**
+     * Record all the attached record filter Ids.
+     * Any removed filter id should be removed from this set.
+     */
+    set<uint32_t> mRecordFilterIds;
+    /**
      * A list of created FilterMQ ptrs.
      * The array number is the filter ID.
      */
     std::map<uint32_t, sp<Filter>> mFilters;
 
+    /**
+     * Local reference to the opened DVR object.
+     */
+    sp<Dvr> mDvr;
+
     // Thread handlers
-    pthread_t mBroadcastInputThread;
+    pthread_t mFrontendInputThread;
     /**
      * If a specific filter's writing loop is still running
      */
-    bool mBroadcastInputThreadRunning;
+    bool mFrontendInputThreadRunning;
     bool mKeepFetchingDataFromFrontend;
     /**
+     * If the dvr recording is running.
+     */
+    bool mIsRecording = false;
+    /**
      * Lock to protect writes to the FMQs
      */
     std::mutex mWriteLock;
     /**
      * Lock to protect writes to the input status
      */
-    std::mutex mBroadcastInputThreadLock;
+    std::mutex mFrontendInputThreadLock;
 
     // temp handle single PES filter
     // TODO handle mulptiple Pes filters
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.cpp
index eb38f90..3088a9d 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.cpp
@@ -70,7 +70,14 @@
         return status;
     }
 
+    // check if the attached filter is a record filter
+
     mFilters[filterId] = filter;
+    mIsRecordFilterAttached = true;
+    if (!mDemux->attachRecordFilter(filterId)) {
+        return Result::INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+    mDemux->setIsRecording(mIsRecordStarted | mIsRecordFilterAttached);
 
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
@@ -95,6 +102,15 @@
     it = mFilters.find(filterId);
     if (it != mFilters.end()) {
         mFilters.erase(filterId);
+        if (!mDemux->detachRecordFilter(filterId)) {
+            return Result::INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // If all the filters are detached, record can't be started
+    if (mFilters.empty()) {
+        mIsRecordFilterAttached = false;
+        mDemux->setIsRecording(mIsRecordStarted | mIsRecordFilterAttached);
     }
 
     return Result::SUCCESS;
@@ -115,8 +131,9 @@
         pthread_create(&mDvrThread, NULL, __threadLoopPlayback, this);
         pthread_setname_np(mDvrThread, "playback_waiting_loop");
     } else if (mType == DvrType::RECORD) {
-        /*pthread_create(&mInputThread, NULL, __threadLoopInput, this);
-        pthread_setname_np(mInputThread, "playback_waiting_loop");*/
+        mRecordStatus = RecordStatus::DATA_READY;
+        mIsRecordStarted = true;
+        mDemux->setIsRecording(mIsRecordStarted | mIsRecordFilterAttached);
     }
 
     // TODO start another thread to send filter status callback to the framework
@@ -131,12 +148,17 @@
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mDvrThreadLock);
 
+    mIsRecordStarted = false;
+    mDemux->setIsRecording(mIsRecordStarted | mIsRecordFilterAttached);
+
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
 Return<Result> Dvr::flush() {
     ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
 
+    mRecordStatus = RecordStatus::DATA_READY;
+
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
@@ -272,6 +294,45 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+bool Dvr::writeRecordFMQ(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mWriteLock);
+    ALOGW("[Dvr] write record FMQ");
+    if (mDvrMQ->write(data.data(), data.size())) {
+        mDvrEventFlag->wake(static_cast<uint32_t>(DemuxQueueNotifyBits::DATA_READY));
+        maySendRecordStatusCallback();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    maySendRecordStatusCallback();
+    return false;
+}
+
+void Dvr::maySendRecordStatusCallback() {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mRecordStatusLock);
+    int availableToRead = mDvrMQ->availableToRead();
+    int availableToWrite = mDvrMQ->availableToWrite();
+
+    RecordStatus newStatus = checkRecordStatusChange(availableToWrite, availableToRead,
+                                                     mDvrSettings.record().highThreshold,
+                                                     mDvrSettings.record().lowThreshold);
+    if (mRecordStatus != newStatus) {
+        mCallback->onRecordStatus(newStatus);
+        mRecordStatus = newStatus;
+    }
+}
+
+RecordStatus Dvr::checkRecordStatusChange(uint32_t availableToWrite, uint32_t availableToRead,
+                                          uint32_t highThreshold, uint32_t lowThreshold) {
+    if (availableToWrite == 0) {
+        return DemuxFilterStatus::OVERFLOW;
+    } else if (availableToRead > highThreshold) {
+        return DemuxFilterStatus::HIGH_WATER;
+    } else if (availableToRead < lowThreshold) {
+        return DemuxFilterStatus::LOW_WATER;
+    }
+    return mRecordStatus;
+}
+
 }  // namespace implementation
 }  // namespace V1_0
 }  // namespace tuner
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.h b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.h
index fbb778c..f39d8db 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.h
@@ -79,6 +79,8 @@
      * Return false is any of the above processes fails.
      */
     bool createDvrMQ();
+    void sendBroadcastInputToDvrRecord(vector<uint8_t> byteBuffer);
+    bool writeRecordFMQ(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data);
 
   private:
     // Demux service
@@ -95,6 +97,8 @@
     void maySendRecordStatusCallback();
     PlaybackStatus checkPlaybackStatusChange(uint32_t availableToWrite, uint32_t availableToRead,
                                              uint32_t highThreshold, uint32_t lowThreshold);
+    RecordStatus checkRecordStatusChange(uint32_t availableToWrite, uint32_t availableToRead,
+                                         uint32_t highThreshold, uint32_t lowThreshold);
     /**
      * A dispatcher to read and dispatch input data to all the started filters.
      * Each filter handler handles the data filtering/output writing/filterEvent updating.
@@ -103,9 +107,9 @@
     void startTpidFilter(vector<uint8_t> data);
     bool startFilterDispatcher();
     static void* __threadLoopPlayback(void* user);
-    static void* __threadLoopBroadcast(void* user);
+    static void* __threadLoopRecord(void* user);
     void playbackThreadLoop();
-    void broadcastInputThreadLoop();
+    void recordThreadLoop();
 
     unique_ptr<DvrMQ> mDvrMQ;
     EventFlag* mDvrEventFlag;
@@ -121,6 +125,7 @@
 
     // FMQ status local records
     PlaybackStatus mPlaybackStatus;
+    RecordStatus mRecordStatus;
     /**
      * If a specific filter's writing loop is still running
      */
@@ -135,10 +140,16 @@
      * Lock to protect writes to the input status
      */
     std::mutex mPlaybackStatusLock;
+    std::mutex mRecordStatusLock;
     std::mutex mBroadcastInputThreadLock;
     std::mutex mDvrThreadLock;
 
     const bool DEBUG_DVR = false;
+
+    // Booleans to check if recording is running.
+    // Recording is ready when both of the following are set to true.
+    bool mIsRecordStarted = false;
+    bool mIsRecordFilterAttached = false;
 };
 
 }  // namespace implementation
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.cpp
index 3d8a977..54d0952 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.cpp
@@ -120,6 +120,12 @@
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
+Return<Result> Filter::releaseAvHandle(const hidl_handle& /*avMemory*/, uint64_t /*avDataId*/) {
+    ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
+
+    return Result::SUCCESS;
+}
+
 Return<Result> Filter::close() {
     ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
 
@@ -259,10 +265,16 @@
 
 void Filter::updateFilterOutput(vector<uint8_t> data) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mFilterOutputLock);
-    ALOGD("[Filter] handler output updated");
+    ALOGD("[Filter] filter output updated");
     mFilterOutput.insert(mFilterOutput.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
 }
 
+void Filter::updateRecordOutput(vector<uint8_t> data) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mRecordFilterOutputLock);
+    ALOGD("[Filter] record filter output updated");
+    mRecordFilterOutput.insert(mRecordFilterOutput.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
+}
+
 Result Filter::startFilterHandler() {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mFilterOutputLock);
     switch (mType.mainType) {
@@ -286,8 +298,10 @@
                 case DemuxTsFilterType::PCR:
                     startPcrFilterHandler();
                     break;
-                case DemuxTsFilterType::RECORD:
-                    startRecordFilterHandler();
+                case DemuxTsFilterType::TEMI:
+                    startTemiFilterHandler();
+                    break;
+                default:
                     break;
             }
             break;
@@ -333,12 +347,16 @@
         if (mPesSizeLeft == 0) {
             uint32_t prefix = (mFilterOutput[i + 4] << 16) | (mFilterOutput[i + 5] << 8) |
                               mFilterOutput[i + 6];
-            ALOGD("[Filter] prefix %d", prefix);
+            if (DEBUG_FILTER) {
+                ALOGD("[Filter] prefix %d", prefix);
+            }
             if (prefix == 0x000001) {
                 // TODO handle mulptiple Pes filters
                 mPesSizeLeft = (mFilterOutput[i + 8] << 8) | mFilterOutput[i + 9];
                 mPesSizeLeft += 6;
-                ALOGD("[Filter] pes data length %d", mPesSizeLeft);
+                if (DEBUG_FILTER) {
+                    ALOGD("[Filter] pes data length %d", mPesSizeLeft);
+                }
             } else {
                 continue;
             }
@@ -351,7 +369,9 @@
         mPesOutput.insert(mPesOutput.end(), first, last);
         // size does not match then continue
         mPesSizeLeft -= endPoint;
-        ALOGD("[Filter] pes data left %d", mPesSizeLeft);
+        if (DEBUG_FILTER) {
+            ALOGD("[Filter] pes data left %d", mPesSizeLeft);
+        }
         if (mPesSizeLeft > 0) {
             continue;
         }
@@ -368,7 +388,9 @@
                 .streamId = mPesOutput[3],
                 .dataLength = static_cast<uint16_t>(mPesOutput.size()),
         };
-        ALOGD("[Filter] assembled pes data length %d", pesEvent.dataLength);
+        if (DEBUG_FILTER) {
+            ALOGD("[Filter] assembled pes data length %d", pesEvent.dataLength);
+        }
 
         int size = mFilterEvent.events.size();
         mFilterEvent.events.resize(size + 1);
@@ -404,13 +426,23 @@
 }
 
 Result Filter::startRecordFilterHandler() {
-    DemuxFilterTsRecordEvent tsRecordEvent;
+    /*DemuxFilterTsRecordEvent tsRecordEvent;
     tsRecordEvent.pid.tPid(0);
     tsRecordEvent.indexMask.tsIndexMask(0x01);
     mFilterEvent.events.resize(1);
     mFilterEvent.events[0].tsRecord(tsRecordEvent);
+*/
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mRecordFilterOutputLock);
+    if (mRecordFilterOutput.empty()) {
+        return Result::SUCCESS;
+    }
 
-    mFilterOutput.clear();
+    if (mDvr == nullptr || !mDvr->writeRecordFMQ(mRecordFilterOutput)) {
+        ALOGD("[Filter] dvr fails to write into record FMQ.");
+        return Result::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+    }
+
+    mRecordFilterOutput.clear();
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
@@ -419,6 +451,11 @@
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
+Result Filter::startTemiFilterHandler() {
+    // TODO handle starting TEMI filter
+    return Result::SUCCESS;
+}
+
 bool Filter::writeSectionsAndCreateEvent(vector<uint8_t> data) {
     // TODO check how many sections has been read
     ALOGD("[Filter] section hander");
@@ -448,9 +485,17 @@
     return false;
 }
 
+void Filter::attachFilterToRecord(const sp<Dvr> dvr) {
+    mDvr = dvr;
+}
+
+void Filter::detachFilterFromRecord() {
+    mDvr = nullptr;
+}
+
 }  // namespace implementation
 }  // namespace V1_0
 }  // namespace tuner
 }  // namespace tv
 }  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.h b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.h
index 21d4297..0dc992a 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 #include <set>
 #include "Demux.h"
+#include "Dvr.h"
 #include "Frontend.h"
 
 using namespace std;
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@
 using FilterMQ = MessageQueue<uint8_t, kSynchronizedReadWrite>;
 
 class Demux;
+class Dvr;
 
 class Filter : public IFilter {
   public:
@@ -68,6 +70,8 @@
 
     virtual Return<Result> flush() override;
 
+    virtual Return<Result> releaseAvHandle(const hidl_handle& avMemory, uint64_t avDataId) override;
+
     virtual Return<Result> close() override;
 
     /**
@@ -78,11 +82,17 @@
     bool createFilterMQ();
     uint16_t getTpid();
     void updateFilterOutput(vector<uint8_t> data);
+    void updateRecordOutput(vector<uint8_t> data);
     Result startFilterHandler();
+    Result startRecordFilterHandler();
+    void attachFilterToRecord(const sp<Dvr> dvr);
+    void detachFilterFromRecord();
 
   private:
     // Tuner service
     sp<Demux> mDemux;
+    // Dvr reference once the filter is attached to any
+    sp<Dvr> mDvr = nullptr;
     /**
      * Filter callbacks used on filter events or FMQ status
      */
@@ -97,6 +107,7 @@
     sp<IFilter> mDataSource;
     bool mIsDataSourceDemux = true;
     vector<uint8_t> mFilterOutput;
+    vector<uint8_t> mRecordFilterOutput;
     unique_ptr<FilterMQ> mFilterMQ;
     EventFlag* mFilterEventFlag;
     DemuxFilterEvent mFilterEvent;
@@ -118,6 +129,8 @@
      */
     const uint16_t SECTION_WRITE_COUNT = 10;
 
+    bool DEBUG_FILTER = false;
+
     /**
      * Filter handlers to handle the data filtering.
      * They are also responsible to write the filtered output into the filter FMQ
@@ -127,8 +140,8 @@
     Result startPesFilterHandler();
     Result startTsFilterHandler();
     Result startMediaFilterHandler();
-    Result startRecordFilterHandler();
     Result startPcrFilterHandler();
+    Result startTemiFilterHandler();
     Result startFilterLoop();
 
     void deleteEventFlag();
@@ -162,6 +175,7 @@
     std::mutex mFilterStatusLock;
     std::mutex mFilterThreadLock;
     std::mutex mFilterOutputLock;
+    std::mutex mRecordFilterOutputLock;
 
     // temp handle single PES filter
     // TODO handle mulptiple Pes filters
@@ -176,4 +190,4 @@
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_TV_TUNER_V1_0_FILTER_H_
\ No newline at end of file
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_TV_TUNER_V1_0_FILTER_H_
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.cpp
index f86b28d..c6017f0 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.cpp
@@ -139,6 +139,15 @@
     return mFrontends[frontendId];
 }
 
+Return<void> Tuner::openLnbByName(const hidl_string& /*lnbName*/, openLnbByName_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
+
+    sp<ILnb> lnb = new Lnb();
+
+    _hidl_cb(Result::SUCCESS, 1234, lnb);
+    return Void();
+}
+
 void Tuner::setFrontendAsDemuxSource(uint32_t frontendId, uint32_t demuxId) {
     mFrontendToDemux[frontendId] = demuxId;
 }
@@ -148,7 +157,7 @@
     uint32_t demuxId;
     if (it != mFrontendToDemux.end()) {
         demuxId = it->second;
-        mDemuxes[demuxId]->stopBroadcastInput();
+        mDemuxes[demuxId]->stopFrontendInput();
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.h b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.h
index 96da257..7a8a919 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.h
@@ -55,6 +55,9 @@
 
     virtual Return<void> openLnbById(LnbId lnbId, openLnbById_cb _hidl_cb) override;
 
+    virtual Return<void> openLnbByName(const hidl_string& lnbName,
+                                       openLnbByName_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
     sp<Frontend> getFrontendById(uint32_t frontendId);
 
     void setFrontendAsDemuxSource(uint32_t frontendId, uint32_t demuxId);
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/service.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/service.cpp
index 581d269..0858d8f 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/service.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/service.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "android.hardware.tv.tuner@1.0-service"
 #endif
 
-#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
 #include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
 #include <hidl/LegacySupport.h>
 
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/types.hal b/tv/tuner/1.0/types.hal
index a0cf0d9..71db109 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/types.hal
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/types.hal
@@ -537,6 +537,16 @@
 };
 
 /**
+ *   VCM mode in DVBS.
+ */
+@export
+enum FrontendDvbsVcmMode : uint32_t {
+    UNDEFINED,
+    AUTO,
+    MANUAL,
+};
+
+/**
  *  Signal Settings for an DVBS Frontend.
  */
 struct FrontendDvbsSettings {
@@ -561,6 +571,8 @@
     uint32_t inputStreamId;
 
     FrontendDvbsStandard standard;
+
+    FrontendDvbsVcmMode vcmMode;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -773,6 +785,7 @@
 /**
  *   Physical Layer Pipe (PLP) Mode for DVBT.
  */
+@export
 enum FrontendDvbtPlpMode : uint32_t {
     UNDEFINED,
     AUTO,
@@ -960,7 +973,7 @@
     /**
      * hardware is able to detect and set Modulation automatically
      */
-    AUTO = 1 << 5,
+    AUTO = 1 << 0,
     MOD_BPSK = 1 << 1,
     MOD_QPSK = 1 << 2,
     MOD_8PSK = 1 << 3,
@@ -1105,7 +1118,7 @@
 
     bitfield<FrontendIsdbtBandwidth> bandwidthCap;
 
-    bitfield<FrontendIsdbtModulation> constellationCap;
+    bitfield<FrontendIsdbtModulation> modulationCap;
 
     bitfield<FrontendIsdbtCoderate> coderateCap;
 
@@ -1118,9 +1131,14 @@
 @export
 enum FrontendAnalogType : uint32_t {
     UNDEFINED = 0,
-    PAL = 1 << 0,
-    SECAM = 1 << 1,
-    NTSC = 1 << 2,
+    AUTO = 1 << 0,
+    PAL = 1 << 1,
+    PAL_M = 1 << 2,
+    PAL_N = 1 << 3,
+    PAL_60 = 1 << 4,
+    NTSC = 1 << 5,
+    NTSC_443 = 1 << 6,
+    SECAM = 1 << 7,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -1129,23 +1147,24 @@
 @export
 enum FrontendAnalogSifStandard : uint32_t {
     UNDEFINED = 0,
-    BG = 1 << 0,
-    BG_A2 = 1 << 1,
-    BG_NICAM = 1 << 2,
-    I = 1 << 3,
-    DK = 1 << 4,
-    DK1 = 1 << 5,
-    DK2 = 1 << 6,
-    DK3 = 1 << 7,
-    DK_NICAM = 1 << 8,
-    L = 1 << 9,
-    M = 1 << 10,
-    M_BTSC = 1 << 11,
-    M_A2 = 1 << 12,
-    M_EIA_J = 1 << 13,
-    I_NICAM = 1 << 14,
-    L_NICAM = 1 << 15,
-    L_PRIME = 1 << 16,
+    AUTO = 1 << 0,
+    BG = 1 << 1,
+    BG_A2 = 1 << 2,
+    BG_NICAM = 1 << 3,
+    I = 1 << 4,
+    DK = 1 << 5,
+    DK1_A2 = 1 << 6,
+    DK2_A2 = 1 << 7,
+    DK3_A2 = 1 << 8,
+    DK_NICAM = 1 << 9,
+    L = 1 << 10,
+    M = 1 << 11,
+    M_BTSC = 1 << 12,
+    M_A2 = 1 << 13,
+    M_EIAJ = 1 << 14,
+    I_NICAM = 1 << 15,
+    L_NICAM = 1 << 16,
+    L_PRIME = 1 << 17,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -1197,6 +1216,7 @@
 /**
  *  Scan type for Frontend.
  */
+@export
 enum FrontendScanType : uint32_t {
     SCAN_UNDEFINED = 0,
     SCAN_AUTO = 1 << 0,
@@ -1206,6 +1226,7 @@
 /**
  *  Scan Message Type for Frontend.
  */
+@export
 enum FrontendScanMessageType : uint32_t {
     /**
      * Scan locked the signal.
@@ -1228,6 +1249,11 @@
      */
     SYMBOL_RATE,
     /**
+     * Locked HIERARCHY for DVBT2 frontend.
+     */
+    HIERARCHY,
+    ANALOG_TYPE,
+    /**
      * Locked Plp Ids for DVBT2 frontend.
      */
     PLP_IDS,
@@ -1272,14 +1298,18 @@
     uint8_t progressPercent;
 
     /**
-     * Signal frequency in Hertz
+     * Signal frequencies in Hertz
      */
-    uint32_t frequency;
+    vec<uint32_t> frequencies;
 
     /**
      * Symbols per second
      */
-    uint32_t symbolRate;
+    vec<uint32_t> symbolRates;
+
+    FrontendDvbtHierarchy hierarchy;
+
+    FrontendAnalogType analogType;
 
     vec<uint8_t> plpIds;
 
@@ -1287,10 +1317,12 @@
 
     vec<uint16_t> inputStreamIds;
 
-    safe_union standard {
+    safe_union Standard {
         FrontendDvbsStandard sStd;
 
         FrontendDvbtStandard tStd;
+
+        FrontendAnalogSifStandard sifStd;
     } std;
 
     /**
@@ -1396,18 +1428,6 @@
      */
     LAYER_ERROR,
     /**
-     * CN value by VBER.
-     */
-    VBER_CN,
-    /**
-     * CN value by LBER.
-     */
-    LBER_CN,
-    /**
-     * CN value by XER.
-     */
-    XER_CN,
-    /**
      * Moduration Error Ratio.
      */
     MER,
@@ -1530,21 +1550,6 @@
     vec<bool> isLayerError;
 
     /**
-     * CN value by VBER measured by 0.001 dB
-     */
-    int32_t vberCn;
-
-    /**
-     * CN value by LBER measured by 0.001 dB
-     */
-    int32_t lberCn;
-
-    /**
-     * CN value by XER measured by 0.001 dB
-     */
-    int32_t xerCn;
-
-    /**
      * MER value measured by 0.001 dB
      */
     int32_t mer;
@@ -1759,6 +1764,12 @@
      * buffer of the record.
      */
     RECORD,
+    /**
+     * A filter to filter out Timed External Media Information (TEMI) according
+     * to ISO/IEC 13818-1:2013/ DAM 6 from input stream, and send TEMI event to
+     * client through onFilterEvent.
+     */
+    TEMI,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -1916,7 +1927,7 @@
 };
 
 @export
-enum Constant : uint16_t {
+enum Constant : uint32_t {
     /**
      * An invalid packet ID in transport stream according to ISO/IEC 13818-1.
      */
@@ -1925,6 +1936,14 @@
      * An invalid Stream ID.
      */
     INVALID_STREAM_ID = 0xFFFF,
+    /**
+     * An invalid Filter ID.
+     */
+    INVALID_FILTER_ID = 0xFFFFFFFF,
+    /**
+     * An invalid AV sync hardware ID.
+     */
+    INVALID_AV_SYNC_ID = 0xFFFFFFFF,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -2014,19 +2033,15 @@
 };
 
 /**
- * Index type to be used in the filter for record
+ * Start Code Index type to be used in the filter for record
  */
 @export
-enum DemuxRecordIndexType : uint32_t {
+enum DemuxRecordScIndexType : uint32_t {
     /**
-     * Don't use index
+     * Don't use SC index
      */
     NONE,
     /**
-     * Use TS index
-     */
-    TS,
-    /**
      * Use Start Code index
      */
     SC,
@@ -2040,15 +2055,16 @@
  *  Filter Settings for Record data.
  */
 struct DemuxFilterRecordSettings {
-    DemuxRecordIndexType indexType;
+    bitfield<DemuxTsIndex> tsIndexMask;
 
-    safe_union IndexMask {
-        bitfield<DemuxTsIndex> tsIndexMask;
+    DemuxRecordScIndexType scIndexType;
 
-        bitfield<DemuxScIndex> scIndexMask;
+    safe_union ScIndexMask {
 
-        bitfield<DemuxScHevcIndex> scHevcIndexMask;
-    } indexMask;
+        bitfield<DemuxScIndex> sc;
+
+        bitfield<DemuxScHevcIndex> scHevc;
+    } scIndexMask;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -2146,19 +2162,37 @@
  */
 struct DemuxIpAddress {
     safe_union SrcIpAddress {
+        /**
+         * 0.0.0.0 is invalid. should be ignored.
+         */
         uint8_t[4] v4;
 
+        /**
+         * 0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0 is invalid. should be ignored.
+         */
         uint8_t[16] v6;
     } srcIpAddress;
 
     safe_union DstIpAddress {
+        /**
+         * 0.0.0.0 is invalid. should be ignored.
+         */
         uint8_t[4] v4;
 
+        /**
+         * 0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0 is invalid. should be ignored.
+         */
         uint8_t[16] v6;
     } dstIpAddress;
 
+    /**
+     * 0 is invalid. should be ignored.
+     */
     uint16_t srcPort;
 
+    /**
+     * 0 is invalid. should be ignored.
+     */
     uint16_t dstPort;
 };
 
@@ -2170,7 +2204,8 @@
 
     safe_union FilterSettings {
         /**
-         * Not additional parameters. it's used by PCR, TS subtype filters.
+         * Not additional parameters. it's used by PCR, TS, TEMI subtype
+         * filters.
          */
         Monostate noinit;
 
@@ -2223,8 +2258,6 @@
 
         DemuxFilterSectionSettings section;
 
-        DemuxFilterPesDataSettings pesData;
-
         /**
          * true if the data from IP subtype go to next filter directly
          */
@@ -2241,7 +2274,7 @@
     /**
      * true if the filtered data is commpressed ip packet
      */
-    bool bIsCompressedIpPacket;
+    bool isCompressedIpPacket;
 
     safe_union FilterSettings {
         /**
@@ -2394,6 +2427,12 @@
     uint32_t dataLength;
 
     /**
+     *  The offset in the memory block which is shared among multiple
+     *  MediaEvents.
+     */
+    uint32_t offset;
+
+    /**
      * A handle associated to the memory where audio or video data stays.
      */
     handle avMemory;
@@ -2404,6 +2443,12 @@
     bool isSecureMemory;
 
     /**
+     * An Id is used by HAL to provide additional information for AV data.
+     * For secure audio, it's the audio handle used by Audio Track.
+     */
+    uint64_t avDataId;
+
+    /**
      * MPU sequence number of filtered data (only for MMTP)
      */
     uint32_t mpuSequenceNumber;
@@ -2443,16 +2488,17 @@
 struct DemuxFilterTsRecordEvent {
     DemuxPid pid;
 
+    bitfield<DemuxTsIndex> tsIndexMask;
+
     /**
      * Indexes of record output
      */
-    safe_union IndexMask {
-        bitfield<DemuxTsIndex> tsIndexMask;
+    safe_union ScIndexMask {
 
-        bitfield<DemuxScIndex> scIndexMask;
+        bitfield<DemuxScIndex> sc;
 
-        bitfield<DemuxScHevcIndex> scHevcIndexMask;
-    } indexMask;
+        bitfield<DemuxScHevcIndex> scHevc;
+    } scIndexMask;
 
     /**
      * Byte number from beginning of the filter's output
@@ -2461,6 +2507,27 @@
 };
 
 /**
+ *  Filter Event for Timed External Media Information (TEMI) data.
+ */
+struct DemuxFilterTemiEvent {
+    /**
+     * Presentation Time Stamp for audio or video frame. It based on 90KHz has
+     * the same format as PTS (Presentation Time Stamp) in ISO/IEC 13818-1.
+     */
+    uint64_t pts;
+
+    /**
+     * TEMI Descriptor Tag
+     */
+    uint8_t descrTag;
+
+    /**
+     * TEMI Descriptor
+     */
+    vec<uint8_t> descrData;
+};
+
+/**
  *  Filter Event for MMTP Record data.
  */
 struct DemuxFilterMmtpRecordEvent {
@@ -2521,6 +2588,8 @@
         DemuxFilterDownloadEvent download;
 
         DemuxFilterIpPayloadEvent ipPayload;
+
+        DemuxFilterTemiEvent temi;
     };
 
     /**
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 7d6b990..3637708 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -30,5 +30,10 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libbinder",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
+
+    require_root: true,
 }
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index c666226..820c58c 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -31,8 +31,11 @@
 #include <android/hardware/tv/tuner/1.0/types.h>
 #include <binder/MemoryDealer.h>
 #include <fmq/MessageQueue.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
 #include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <hidl/Status.h>
 #include <hidlmemory/FrameworkUtils.h>
 #include <utils/Condition.h>
@@ -65,6 +68,7 @@
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterMainType;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterPesDataSettings;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterPesEvent;
+using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterRecordSettings;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterSectionEvent;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterSectionSettings;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterSettings;
@@ -95,6 +99,7 @@
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::ITuner;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::PlaybackSettings;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::PlaybackStatus;
+using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::RecordSettings;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::RecordStatus;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::Result;
 
@@ -159,6 +164,7 @@
     RECORD,
     MMTPRECORD,
     DOWNLOAD,
+    TEMI,
 };
 
 struct PlaybackConf {
@@ -378,7 +384,20 @@
 
 class DvrCallback : public IDvrCallback {
   public:
-    virtual Return<void> onRecordStatus(RecordStatus /*status*/) override { return Void(); }
+    virtual Return<void> onRecordStatus(DemuxFilterStatus status) override {
+        ALOGW("[vts] record status %hhu", status);
+        switch (status) {
+            case DemuxFilterStatus::DATA_READY:
+                break;
+            case DemuxFilterStatus::LOW_WATER:
+                break;
+            case DemuxFilterStatus::HIGH_WATER:
+            case DemuxFilterStatus::OVERFLOW:
+                ALOGW("[vts] record overflow. Flushing");
+                break;
+        }
+        return Void();
+    }
 
     virtual Return<void> onPlaybackStatus(PlaybackStatus status) override {
         // android::Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mMsgLock);
@@ -400,10 +419,17 @@
 
     void testFilterDataOutput();
     void stopPlaybackThread();
+    void testRecordOutput();
+    void stopRecordThread();
 
     void startPlaybackInputThread(PlaybackConf playbackConf, MQDesc& playbackMQDescriptor);
+    void startRecordOutputThread(RecordSettings recordSetting, MQDesc& recordMQDescriptor);
     static void* __threadLoopPlayback(void* threadArgs);
+    static void* __threadLoopRecord(void* threadArgs);
     void playbackThreadLoop(PlaybackConf* playbackConf, bool* keepWritingPlaybackFMQ);
+    void recordThreadLoop(RecordSettings* recordSetting, bool* keepWritingPlaybackFMQ);
+
+    bool readRecordFMQ();
 
   private:
     struct PlaybackThreadArgs {
@@ -411,22 +437,31 @@
         PlaybackConf* playbackConf;
         bool* keepWritingPlaybackFMQ;
     };
+    struct RecordThreadArgs {
+        DvrCallback* user;
+        RecordSettings* recordSetting;
+        bool* keepReadingRecordFMQ;
+    };
     uint16_t mDataLength = 0;
     std::vector<uint8_t> mDataOutputBuffer;
 
     std::map<uint32_t, std::unique_ptr<FilterMQ>> mFilterIdToMQ;
     std::unique_ptr<FilterMQ> mPlaybackMQ;
+    std::unique_ptr<FilterMQ> mRecordMQ;
     std::map<uint32_t, EventFlag*> mFilterIdToMQEventFlag;
     std::map<uint32_t, DemuxFilterEvent> mFilterIdToEvent;
-    EventFlag* mPlaybackMQEventFlag;
 
     android::Mutex mMsgLock;
     android::Mutex mPlaybackThreadLock;
+    android::Mutex mRecordThreadLock;
     android::Condition mMsgCondition;
 
     bool mKeepWritingPlaybackFMQ = true;
+    bool mKeepReadingRecordFMQ = true;
     bool mPlaybackThreadRunning;
+    bool mRecordThreadRunning;
     pthread_t mPlaybackThread;
+    pthread_t mRecordThread;
 
     int mPidFilterOutputCount = 0;
 };
@@ -515,23 +550,96 @@
     inputData.close();
 }
 
-// Test environment for Tuner HIDL HAL.
-class TunerHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-  public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static TunerHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static TunerHidlEnvironment* instance = new TunerHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
+void DvrCallback::testRecordOutput() {
+    android::Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mMsgLock);
+    while (mDataOutputBuffer.empty()) {
+        if (-ETIMEDOUT == mMsgCondition.waitRelative(mMsgLock, WAIT_TIMEOUT)) {
+            EXPECT_TRUE(false) << "record output matching pid does not output within timeout";
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    stopRecordThread();
+    ALOGW("[vts] record pass and stop");
+}
+
+void DvrCallback::startRecordOutputThread(RecordSettings recordSetting,
+                                          MQDesc& recordMQDescriptor) {
+    mRecordMQ = std::make_unique<FilterMQ>(recordMQDescriptor, true /* resetPointers */);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mRecordMQ);
+    struct RecordThreadArgs* threadArgs =
+            (struct RecordThreadArgs*)malloc(sizeof(struct RecordThreadArgs));
+    threadArgs->user = this;
+    threadArgs->recordSetting = &recordSetting;
+    threadArgs->keepReadingRecordFMQ = &mKeepReadingRecordFMQ;
+
+    pthread_create(&mRecordThread, NULL, __threadLoopRecord, (void*)threadArgs);
+    pthread_setname_np(mRecordThread, "test_record_input_loop");
+}
+
+void* DvrCallback::__threadLoopRecord(void* threadArgs) {
+    DvrCallback* const self =
+            static_cast<DvrCallback*>(((struct RecordThreadArgs*)threadArgs)->user);
+    self->recordThreadLoop(((struct RecordThreadArgs*)threadArgs)->recordSetting,
+                           ((struct RecordThreadArgs*)threadArgs)->keepReadingRecordFMQ);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void DvrCallback::recordThreadLoop(RecordSettings* /*recordSetting*/, bool* keepReadingRecordFMQ) {
+    ALOGD("[vts] DvrCallback record threadLoop start.");
+    android::Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mRecordThreadLock);
+    mRecordThreadRunning = true;
+
+    // Create the EventFlag that is used to signal the HAL impl that data have been
+    // read from the Record FMQ
+    EventFlag* recordMQEventFlag;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(EventFlag::createEventFlag(mRecordMQ->getEventFlagWord(), &recordMQEventFlag) ==
+                android::OK);
+
+    while (mRecordThreadRunning) {
+        while (*keepReadingRecordFMQ) {
+            uint32_t efState = 0;
+            android::status_t status = recordMQEventFlag->wait(
+                    static_cast<uint32_t>(DemuxQueueNotifyBits::DATA_READY), &efState, WAIT_TIMEOUT,
+                    true /* retry on spurious wake */);
+            if (status != android::OK) {
+                ALOGD("[vts] wait for data ready on the record FMQ");
+                continue;
+            }
+            // Our current implementation filter the data and write it into the filter FMQ
+            // immediately after the DATA_READY from the VTS/framework
+            if (!readRecordFMQ()) {
+                ALOGD("[vts] record data failed to be filtered. Ending thread");
+                mRecordThreadRunning = false;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<ITuner>(); }
-};
+    mRecordThreadRunning = false;
+    ALOGD("[vts] record thread ended.");
+}
 
-class TunerHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+bool DvrCallback::readRecordFMQ() {
+    android::Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mMsgLock);
+    bool result = false;
+    mDataOutputBuffer.clear();
+    mDataOutputBuffer.resize(mRecordMQ->availableToRead());
+    result = mRecordMQ->read(mDataOutputBuffer.data(), mRecordMQ->availableToRead());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(result) << "can't read from Record MQ";
+    mMsgCondition.signal();
+    return result;
+}
+
+void DvrCallback::stopRecordThread() {
+    mKeepReadingRecordFMQ = false;
+    mRecordThreadRunning = false;
+    android::Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mRecordThreadLock);
+}
+
+class TunerHidlTest : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        mService = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ITuner>(
-                TunerHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<ITuner>());
+        mService = ITuner::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(mService, nullptr);
     }
 
@@ -554,6 +662,7 @@
     sp<DvrCallback> mDvrCallback;
     MQDesc mFilterMQDescriptor;
     MQDesc mPlaybackMQDescriptor;
+    MQDesc mRecordMQDescriptor;
     vector<uint32_t> mUsedFilterIds;
 
     uint32_t mDemuxId;
@@ -571,6 +680,8 @@
                                                        FrontendSettings settings);
     ::testing::AssertionResult getPlaybackMQDescriptor();
     ::testing::AssertionResult addPlaybackToDemux(PlaybackSettings setting);
+    ::testing::AssertionResult getRecordMQDescriptor();
+    ::testing::AssertionResult addRecordToDemux(RecordSettings setting);
     ::testing::AssertionResult addFilterToDemux(DemuxFilterType type, DemuxFilterSettings setting);
     ::testing::AssertionResult getFilterMQDescriptor();
     ::testing::AssertionResult closeDemux();
@@ -580,6 +691,9 @@
     ::testing::AssertionResult playbackDataFlowTest(vector<FilterConf> filterConf,
                                                     PlaybackConf playbackConf,
                                                     vector<string> goldenOutputFiles);
+    ::testing::AssertionResult recordDataFlowTest(vector<FilterConf> filterConf,
+                                                  RecordSettings recordSetting,
+                                                  vector<string> goldenOutputFiles);
     ::testing::AssertionResult broadcastDataFlowTest(vector<FilterConf> filterConf,
                                                      vector<string> goldenOutputFiles);
 };
@@ -765,6 +879,49 @@
     return ::testing::AssertionResult(status == Result::SUCCESS);
 }
 
+::testing::AssertionResult TunerHidlTest::addRecordToDemux(RecordSettings setting) {
+    Result status;
+
+    if (!mDemux && createDemux() == ::testing::AssertionFailure()) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+
+    // Create dvr callback
+    mDvrCallback = new DvrCallback();
+
+    // Add playback input to the local demux
+    mDemux->openDvr(DvrType::RECORD, FMQ_SIZE_1M, mDvrCallback,
+                    [&](Result result, const sp<IDvr>& dvr) {
+                        mDvr = dvr;
+                        status = result;
+                    });
+
+    if (status != Result::SUCCESS) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+
+    DvrSettings dvrSetting;
+    dvrSetting.record(setting);
+    status = mDvr->configure(dvrSetting);
+
+    return ::testing::AssertionResult(status == Result::SUCCESS);
+}
+
+::testing::AssertionResult TunerHidlTest::getRecordMQDescriptor() {
+    Result status;
+
+    if ((!mDemux && createDemux() == ::testing::AssertionFailure()) || !mDvr) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+
+    mDvr->getQueueDesc([&](Result result, const MQDesc& dvrMQDesc) {
+        mRecordMQDescriptor = dvrMQDesc;
+        status = result;
+    });
+
+    return ::testing::AssertionResult(status == Result::SUCCESS);
+}
+
 ::testing::AssertionResult TunerHidlTest::addFilterToDemux(DemuxFilterType type,
                                                            DemuxFilterSettings setting) {
     Result status;
@@ -821,6 +978,9 @@
                 case DemuxTsFilterType::RECORD:
                     eventType = FilterEventType::RECORD;
                     break;
+                case DemuxTsFilterType::TEMI:
+                    eventType = FilterEventType::TEMI;
+                    break;
             }
             break;
         case DemuxFilterMainType::MMTP:
@@ -993,10 +1153,86 @@
     return closeDemux();
 }
 
+::testing::AssertionResult TunerHidlTest::recordDataFlowTest(vector<FilterConf> filterConf,
+                                                             RecordSettings recordSetting,
+                                                             vector<string> /*goldenOutputFiles*/) {
+    Result status;
+    hidl_vec<FrontendId> feIds;
+
+    mService->getFrontendIds([&](Result result, const hidl_vec<FrontendId>& frontendIds) {
+        status = result;
+        feIds = frontendIds;
+    });
+
+    if (feIds.size() == 0) {
+        ALOGW("[   WARN   ] Frontend isn't available");
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+
+    FrontendDvbtSettings dvbt{
+            .frequency = 1000,
+    };
+    FrontendSettings settings;
+    settings.dvbt(dvbt);
+
+    int filterIdsSize;
+    // Filter Configuration Module
+    for (int i = 0; i < filterConf.size(); i++) {
+        if (addFilterToDemux(filterConf[i].type, filterConf[i].setting) ==
+                    ::testing::AssertionFailure() ||
+            // TODO use a map to save the FMQs/EvenFlags and pass to callback
+            getFilterMQDescriptor() == ::testing::AssertionFailure()) {
+            return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+        }
+        filterIdsSize = mUsedFilterIds.size();
+        mUsedFilterIds.resize(filterIdsSize + 1);
+        mUsedFilterIds[filterIdsSize] = mFilterId;
+        mFilters[mFilterId] = mFilter;
+    }
+
+    // Record Config Module
+    if (addRecordToDemux(recordSetting) == ::testing::AssertionFailure() ||
+        getRecordMQDescriptor() == ::testing::AssertionFailure()) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i <= filterIdsSize; i++) {
+        if (mDvr->attachFilter(mFilters[mUsedFilterIds[i]]) != Result::SUCCESS) {
+            return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+        }
+    }
+
+    mDvrCallback->startRecordOutputThread(recordSetting, mRecordMQDescriptor);
+    status = mDvr->start();
+    if (status != Result::SUCCESS) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+
+    if (createDemuxWithFrontend(feIds[0], settings) != ::testing::AssertionSuccess()) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+
+    // Data Verify Module
+    mDvrCallback->testRecordOutput();
+
+    // Clean Up Module
+    for (int i = 0; i <= filterIdsSize; i++) {
+        if (mFilters[mUsedFilterIds[i]]->stop() != Result::SUCCESS) {
+            return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+        }
+    }
+    if (mFrontend->stopTune() != Result::SUCCESS) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+    mUsedFilterIds.clear();
+    mFilterCallbacks.clear();
+    mFilters.clear();
+    return closeDemux();
+}
+
 /*
  * API STATUS TESTS
  */
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CreateFrontend) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CreateFrontend) {
     Result status;
     hidl_vec<FrontendId> feIds;
 
@@ -1016,7 +1252,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, TuneFrontend) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, TuneFrontend) {
     Result status;
     hidl_vec<FrontendId> feIds;
 
@@ -1036,7 +1272,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, StopTuneFrontend) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, StopTuneFrontend) {
     Result status;
     hidl_vec<FrontendId> feIds;
 
@@ -1056,7 +1292,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CloseFrontend) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CloseFrontend) {
     Result status;
     hidl_vec<FrontendId> feIds;
 
@@ -1076,7 +1312,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-/*TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CreateDemuxWithFrontend) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CreateDemuxWithFrontend) {
     Result status;
     hidl_vec<FrontendId> feIds;
 
@@ -1101,32 +1337,34 @@
         ASSERT_TRUE(createDemuxWithFrontend(feIds[i], settings));
         mFrontend->stopTune();
     }
-}*/
+}
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CreateDemux) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CreateDemux) {
     description("Create Demux");
     ASSERT_TRUE(createDemux());
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CloseDemux) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CloseDemux) {
     description("Close Demux");
     ASSERT_TRUE(closeDemux());
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CreateDescrambler) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CreateDescrambler) {
     description("Create Descrambler");
     ASSERT_TRUE(createDescrambler());
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CloseDescrambler) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CloseDescrambler) {
     description("Close Descrambler");
     ASSERT_TRUE(closeDescrambler());
 }
 
 /*
  * DATA FLOW TESTS
+ *
+ * TODO: re-enable the tests after finalizing the testing stream.
  */
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, PlaybackDataFlowWithSectionFilterTest) {
+/*TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, PlaybackDataFlowWithSectionFilterTest) {
     description("Feed ts data from playback and configure pes filter to get output");
 
     // todo modulize the filter conf parser
@@ -1169,7 +1407,7 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(playbackDataFlowTest(filterConf, playbackConf, goldenOutputFiles));
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, BroadcastDataFlowWithPesFilterTest) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, BroadcastDataFlowWithPesFilterTest) {
     description("Feed ts data from frontend and test with PES filter");
 
     // todo modulize the filter conf parser
@@ -1199,13 +1437,47 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(broadcastDataFlowTest(filterConf, goldenOutputFiles));
 }
 
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, RecordDataFlowWithTsRecordFilterTest) {
+    description("Feed ts data from frontend to recording and test with ts record filter");
+
+    // todo modulize the filter conf parser
+    vector<FilterConf> filterConf;
+    filterConf.resize(1);
+
+    DemuxFilterSettings filterSetting;
+    DemuxTsFilterSettings tsFilterSetting{
+            .tpid = 119,
+    };
+    DemuxFilterRecordSettings recordFilterSetting;
+    tsFilterSetting.filterSettings.record(recordFilterSetting);
+    filterSetting.ts(tsFilterSetting);
+
+    DemuxFilterType type{
+            .mainType = DemuxFilterMainType::TS,
+    };
+    type.subType.tsFilterType(DemuxTsFilterType::RECORD);
+    FilterConf recordFilterConf{
+            .type = type,
+            .setting = filterSetting,
+    };
+    filterConf[0] = recordFilterConf;
+
+    RecordSettings recordSetting{
+            .statusMask = 0xf,
+            .lowThreshold = 0x1000,
+            .highThreshold = 0x07fff,
+            .dataFormat = DataFormat::TS,
+            .packetSize = 188,
+    };
+
+    vector<string> goldenOutputFiles;
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(recordDataFlowTest(filterConf, recordSetting, goldenOutputFiles));
+}*/
+
 }  // namespace
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(TunerHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    TunerHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, TunerHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ITuner::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/usb/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/usb/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 683ee17..1a3b56b 100644
--- a/usb/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/usb/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalUsbV1_0TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: ["android.hardware.usb@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/usb/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/usb/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index ee7ef1b..bba75c8 100644
--- a/usb/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/usb/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,9 +20,10 @@
 #include <android/hardware/usb/1.0/IUsb.h>
 #include <android/hardware/usb/1.0/IUsbCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/usb/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <chrono>
@@ -49,20 +50,8 @@
 using ::android::hardware::Void;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-// Test environment for Usb HIDL HAL.
-class UsbHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
- public:
-  // get the test environment singleton
-  static UsbHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-    static UsbHidlEnvironment* instance = new UsbHidlEnvironment;
-    return instance;
-  }
-
-  virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IUsb>(); }
-};
-
 // The main test class for the USB hidl HAL
-class UsbHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class UsbHidlTest : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
  public:
   // Callback class for the USB HIDL hal.
   // Usb Hal will call this object upon role switch or port query.
@@ -109,8 +98,7 @@
 
   virtual void SetUp() override {
     ALOGI("Setup");
-    usb = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IUsb>(
-        UsbHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IUsb>());
+    usb = IUsb::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(usb, nullptr);
 
     usb_cb_2 = new UsbCallback(*this, 2);
@@ -182,7 +170,7 @@
  * Callback oject is created and registered.
  * Check to see if the hidl transaction succeeded.
  */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, setCallback) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, setCallback) {
   usb_cb_1 = new UsbCallback(*this, 1);
   ASSERT_NE(usb_cb_1, nullptr);
   Return<void> ret = usb->setCallback(usb_cb_1);
@@ -193,7 +181,7 @@
  * Check to see if querying type-c
  * port status succeeds.
  */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, queryPortStatus) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, queryPortStatus) {
   Return<void> ret = usb->queryPortStatus();
   ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
   EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
@@ -206,7 +194,7 @@
  * This test case tried to switch the port with empty
  * name which is expected to fail.
  */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, switchEmptyPort) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, switchEmptyPort) {
   struct PortRole role;
   role.type = PortRoleType::DATA_ROLE;
 
@@ -218,52 +206,6 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * Test switching the mode of usb port.
- * Test case queries the usb ports present in device.
- * If there is atleast one usb port, a mode switch
- * to DFP is attempted for the port.
- * The callback parametes are checked to see if the mode
- * switch was successfull. Upon success, Status::SUCCESS
- * is expected to be returned.
- */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, switchModetoDFP) {
-  struct PortRole role;
-  role.type = PortRoleType::MODE;
-  role.role = static_cast<uint32_t>(PortMode::DFP);
-
-  Return<void> ret = usb->queryPortStatus();
-  ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-  EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
-  EXPECT_EQ(2, usb_last_cookie);
-
-  if (!usb_last_port_status.portName.empty()) {
-    hidl_string portBeingSwitched = usb_last_port_status.portName;
-    ALOGI("mode portname:%s", portBeingSwitched.c_str());
-    usb_role_switch_done = false;
-    Return<void> ret = usb->switchRole(portBeingSwitched.c_str(), role);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-
-    std::cv_status waitStatus = wait();
-    while (waitStatus == std::cv_status::no_timeout &&
-           usb_role_switch_done == false)
-      waitStatus = wait();
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, waitStatus);
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, usb_last_cookie);
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<uint32_t>(PortRoleType::MODE),
-              static_cast<uint32_t>(usb_last_port_role.type));
-    if (usb_last_status == Status::SUCCESS) {
-      EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<uint32_t>(PortMode::DFP),
-                static_cast<uint32_t>(usb_last_port_role.role));
-    } else {
-      EXPECT_NE(static_cast<uint32_t>(PortMode::UFP),
-                static_cast<uint32_t>(usb_last_port_role.role));
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-/*
  * Test switching the power role of usb port.
  * Test case queries the usb ports present in device.
  * If there is atleast one usb port, a power role switch
@@ -273,7 +215,7 @@
  * is expected to be returned.
  */
 
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, switchPowerRole) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, switchPowerRole) {
   struct PortRole role;
   role.type = PortRoleType::POWER_ROLE;
   role.role = static_cast<uint32_t>(PortPowerRole::SOURCE);
@@ -319,7 +261,7 @@
  * switch was successfull. Upon success, Status::SUCCESS
  * is expected to be returned.
  */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, switchDataRole) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, switchDataRole) {
   struct PortRole role;
   role.type = PortRoleType::DATA_ROLE;
   role.role = static_cast<uint32_t>(PortDataRole::HOST);
@@ -356,11 +298,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-  ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(UsbHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-  UsbHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-  int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-  ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-  return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, UsbHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IUsb::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/usb/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/usb/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 1f0972f..32c470b 100644
--- a/usb/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/usb/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -22,6 +22,6 @@
         "android.hardware.usb@1.0",
         "android.hardware.usb@1.1",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
 
diff --git a/usb/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_1TargetTest.cpp b/usb/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_1TargetTest.cpp
index caf9c69..d4b2ffd 100644
--- a/usb/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/usb/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@
 #include <android/hardware/usb/1.1/types.h>
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <chrono>
@@ -114,25 +115,12 @@
     };
 };
 
-// Test environment for Usb HIDL HAL.
-class UsbHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static UsbHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static UsbHidlEnvironment* instance = new UsbHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IUsb>(); }
-};
-
 // The main test class for the USB hidl HAL
-class UsbHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class UsbHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
    public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
         ALOGI(__FUNCTION__);
-        usb = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IUsb>(
-            UsbHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IUsb>());
+        usb = IUsb::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(usb, nullptr);
 
         usb_cb_2 = new UsbCallback(2);
@@ -158,7 +146,7 @@
  * Callback oject is created and registered.
  * Check to see if the hidl transaction succeeded.
  */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, setCallback) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, setCallback) {
     usb_cb_1 = new UsbCallback(1);
     ASSERT_NE(usb_cb_1, nullptr);
     Return<void> ret = usb->setCallback(usb_cb_1);
@@ -171,7 +159,7 @@
  * HAL service should call notifyPortStatusChange_1_1
  * instead of notifyPortStatusChange of V1_0 interface
  */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, queryPortStatus) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, queryPortStatus) {
     Return<void> ret = usb->queryPortStatus();
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     auto res = usb_cb_2->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameNotifyPortStatusChange_1_1);
@@ -181,12 +169,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(PortMode::NONE, res.args->usb_last_port_status.status.supportedModes);
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::SUCCESS, res.args->usb_last_status);
 }
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(UsbHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    UsbHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, UsbHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IUsb::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp b/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
index cd5439f..ae7f434 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -1,9 +1,18 @@
 aidl_interface {
-    name: "vintf-vibrator",
+    name: "android.hardware.vibrator",
     vendor_available: true,
     srcs: [
         "android/hardware/vibrator/*.aidl",
     ],
     stability: "vintf",
+    backend: {
+        java: {
+            platform_apis: true,
+        },
+        ndk: {
+            vndk: {
+                enabled: true,
+            },
+        },
+    },
 }
-
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/TEST_MAPPING b/vibrator/aidl/TEST_MAPPING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ae32e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "presubmit": [
+    {
+      "name": "VtsHalVibratorTargetTest"
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/CompositeEffect.aidl b/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/CompositeEffect.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84556b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/CompositeEffect.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.vibrator;
+
+import android.hardware.vibrator.CompositePrimitive;
+
+@VintfStability
+parcelable CompositeEffect {
+    /* Period of silence preceding primitive. */
+    int delayMs;
+    CompositePrimitive primitive;
+    /* 0.0 (exclusive) - 1.0 (inclusive) */
+    float scale;
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/CompositePrimitive.aidl b/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/CompositePrimitive.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fdfa5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/CompositePrimitive.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.vibrator;
+
+@VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum CompositePrimitive {
+    /**
+     * No haptic effect. Used to generate extended delays between primitives.
+     */
+    NOOP,
+    /**
+     * This effect should produce a sharp, crisp click sensation.
+     */
+    CLICK,
+    /**
+     * A haptic effect that simulates downwards movement with gravity. Often
+     * followed by extra energy of hitting and reverberation to augment
+     * physicality.
+     */
+    THUD,
+    /**
+     * A haptic effect that simulates spinning momentum.
+     */
+    SPIN,
+    /**
+     * A haptic effect that simulates quick upward movement against gravity.
+     */
+    QUICK_RISE,
+    /**
+     * A haptic effect that simulates slow upward movement against gravity.
+     */
+    SLOW_RISE,
+    /**
+     * A haptic effect that simulates quick downwards movement with gravity.
+     */
+    QUICK_FALL,
+    /**
+     * This very short effect should produce a light crisp sensation intended
+     * to be used repetitively for dynamic feedback.
+     */
+    LIGHT_TICK,
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/IVibrator.aidl b/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/IVibrator.aidl
index 8c4fd05..6489c1d 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/IVibrator.aidl
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/IVibrator.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 import android.hardware.vibrator.IVibratorCallback;
 import android.hardware.vibrator.Effect;
 import android.hardware.vibrator.EffectStrength;
+import android.hardware.vibrator.CompositeEffect;
+import android.hardware.vibrator.CompositePrimitive;
 
 @VintfStability
 interface IVibrator {
@@ -42,6 +44,14 @@
      * Whether setAmplitude is supported (when external control is enabled)
      */
     const int CAP_EXTERNAL_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL = 1 << 4;
+    /**
+     * Whether compose is supported.
+     */
+    const int CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS = 1 << 5;
+    /**
+     * Whether alwaysOnEnable/alwaysOnDisable is supported.
+     */
+    const int CAP_ALWAYS_ON_CONTROL = 1 << 6;
 
     /**
      * Determine capabilities of the vibrator HAL (CAP_* mask)
@@ -107,11 +117,10 @@
      * CAP_EXTERNAL_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL.
      *
      * @param amplitude The unitless force setting. Note that this number must
-     *                  be between 1 and 255, inclusive. If the motor does not
-     *                  have exactly 255 steps, it must do it's best to map it
-     *                  onto the number of steps it does have.
+     *                  be between 0.0 (exclusive) and 1.0 (inclusive). It must
+     *                  do it's best to map it onto the number of steps it does have.
      */
-    void setAmplitude(in int amplitude);
+    void setAmplitude(in float amplitude);
 
     /**
      * Enables/disables control override of vibrator to audio.
@@ -128,4 +137,94 @@
      * @param enabled Whether external control should be enabled or disabled.
      */
     void setExternalControl(in boolean enabled);
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieve composition delay limit.
+     *
+     * Support is reflected in getCapabilities (CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS).
+     *
+     * @return Maximum delay for a single CompositeEffect[] entry.
+     */
+    int getCompositionDelayMax();
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieve composition size limit.
+     *
+     * Support is reflected in getCapabilities (CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS).
+     *
+     * @return Maximum number of entries in CompositeEffect[].
+     * @param maxDelayMs Maximum delay for a single CompositeEffect[] entry.
+     */
+    int getCompositionSizeMax();
+
+    /**
+     * List of supported effect primitive.
+     *
+     * Return the effect primitives which are supported by the compose API.
+     * Implementations are expected to support all primitives of the interface
+     * version that they implement.
+     */
+    CompositePrimitive[] getSupportedPrimitives();
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieve effect primitive's duration in milliseconds.
+     *
+     * Support is reflected in getCapabilities (CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS).
+     *
+     * @return Best effort estimation of effect primitive's duration.
+     * @param primitive Effect primitive being queried.
+     */
+    int getPrimitiveDuration(CompositePrimitive primitive);
+
+    /**
+     * Fire off a string of effect primitives, combined to perform richer effects.
+     *
+     * Support is reflected in getCapabilities (CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS).
+     *
+     * Doing this operation while the vibrator is already on is undefined behavior. Clients should
+     * explicitly call off. IVibratorCallback.onComplete() support is required for this API.
+     *
+     * @param composite Array of composition parameters.
+     */
+    void compose(in CompositeEffect[] composite, in IVibratorCallback callback);
+
+    /**
+     * List of supported always-on effects.
+     *
+     * Return the effects which are supported by the alwaysOnEnable (an effect
+     * is expected to be supported at every strength level.
+     */
+    Effect[] getSupportedAlwaysOnEffects();
+
+    /**
+     * Enable an always-on haptic source, assigning a specific effect. An
+     * always-on haptic source is a source that can be triggered externally
+     * once enabled and assigned an effect to play. This may not be supported
+     * and this support is reflected in getCapabilities (CAP_ALWAYS_ON_CONTROL).
+     *
+     * The always-on source ID is conveyed directly to clients through
+     * device/board configuration files ensuring that no ID is assigned to
+     * multiple clients. No client should use this API unless explicitly
+     * assigned an always-on source ID. Clients must develop their own way to
+     * get IDs from vendor in a stable way.
+     *
+     * @param id The device-specific always-on source ID to enable.
+     * @param effect The type of haptic event to trigger.
+     * @param strength The intensity of haptic event to trigger.
+     */
+    void alwaysOnEnable(in int id, in Effect effect, in EffectStrength strength);
+
+    /**
+     * Disable an always-on haptic source. This may not be supported and this
+     * support is reflected in getCapabilities (CAP_ALWAYS_ON_CONTROL).
+     *
+     * The always-on source ID is conveyed directly to clients through
+     * device/board configuration files ensuring that no ID is assigned to
+     * multiple clients. No client should use this API unless explicitly
+     * assigned an always-on source ID. Clients must develop their own way to
+     * get IDs from vendor in a stable way.
+     *
+     * @param id The device-specific always-on source ID to disable.
+     */
+    void alwaysOnDisable(in int id);
 }
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp b/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
index dc8867f..9e6d9cf 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libbinder_ndk",
-        "vintf-vibrator-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-ndk_platform",
     ],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     srcs: ["Vibrator.cpp"],
     visibility: [
-         ":__subpackages__",
-         "//hardware/interfaces/tests/extension/vibrator:__subpackages__",
+        ":__subpackages__",
+        "//hardware/interfaces/tests/extension/vibrator:__subpackages__",
     ],
 }
 
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libbinder_ndk",
-        "vintf-vibrator-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-ndk_platform",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "libvibratorexampleimpl",
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.cpp b/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.cpp
index 09cd234..9236b95 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.cpp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.cpp
@@ -24,11 +24,15 @@
 namespace hardware {
 namespace vibrator {
 
+static constexpr int32_t kComposeDelayMaxMs = 1000;
+static constexpr int32_t kComposeSizeMax = 256;
+
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getCapabilities(int32_t* _aidl_return) {
     LOG(INFO) << "Vibrator reporting capabilities";
     *_aidl_return = IVibrator::CAP_ON_CALLBACK | IVibrator::CAP_PERFORM_CALLBACK |
                     IVibrator::CAP_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL | IVibrator::CAP_EXTERNAL_CONTROL |
-                    IVibrator::CAP_EXTERNAL_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL;
+                    IVibrator::CAP_EXTERNAL_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL | IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS |
+                    IVibrator::CAP_ALWAYS_ON_CONTROL;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -45,7 +49,9 @@
             LOG(INFO) << "Starting on on another thread";
             usleep(timeoutMs * 1000);
             LOG(INFO) << "Notifying on complete";
-            callback->onComplete();
+            if (!callback->onComplete().isOk()) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to call onComplete";
+            }
         }).detach();
     }
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
@@ -84,9 +90,9 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::setAmplitude(int32_t amplitude) {
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::setAmplitude(float amplitude) {
     LOG(INFO) << "Vibrator set amplitude: " << amplitude;
-    if (amplitude <= 0 || amplitude > 255) {
+    if (amplitude <= 0.0f || amplitude > 1.0f) {
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT));
     }
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
@@ -97,6 +103,99 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getCompositionDelayMax(int32_t* maxDelayMs) {
+    *maxDelayMs = kComposeDelayMaxMs;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getCompositionSizeMax(int32_t* maxSize) {
+    *maxSize = kComposeSizeMax;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getSupportedPrimitives(std::vector<CompositePrimitive>* supported) {
+    *supported = {
+            CompositePrimitive::NOOP,       CompositePrimitive::CLICK,
+            CompositePrimitive::THUD,       CompositePrimitive::SPIN,
+            CompositePrimitive::QUICK_RISE, CompositePrimitive::SLOW_RISE,
+            CompositePrimitive::QUICK_FALL, CompositePrimitive::LIGHT_TICK,
+    };
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getPrimitiveDuration(CompositePrimitive primitive,
+                                                  int32_t* durationMs) {
+    if (primitive != CompositePrimitive::NOOP) {
+        *durationMs = 100;
+    } else {
+        *durationMs = 0;
+    }
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::compose(const std::vector<CompositeEffect>& composite,
+                                     const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& callback) {
+    if (composite.size() > kComposeSizeMax) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+
+    std::vector<CompositePrimitive> supported;
+    getSupportedPrimitives(&supported);
+
+    for (auto& e : composite) {
+        if (e.delayMs > kComposeDelayMaxMs) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+        if (e.scale <= 0.0f || e.scale > 1.0f) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+        if (std::find(supported.begin(), supported.end(), e.primitive) == supported.end()) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::thread([=] {
+        LOG(INFO) << "Starting compose on another thread";
+
+        for (auto& e : composite) {
+            if (e.delayMs) {
+                usleep(e.delayMs * 1000);
+            }
+            LOG(INFO) << "triggering primitive " << static_cast<int>(e.primitive) << " @ scale "
+                      << e.scale;
+        }
+
+        if (callback != nullptr) {
+            LOG(INFO) << "Notifying perform complete";
+            callback->onComplete();
+        }
+    }).detach();
+
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getSupportedAlwaysOnEffects(std::vector<Effect>* _aidl_return) {
+    return getSupportedEffects(_aidl_return);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::alwaysOnEnable(int32_t id, Effect effect, EffectStrength strength) {
+    std::vector<Effect> effects;
+    getSupportedAlwaysOnEffects(&effects);
+
+    if (std::find(effects.begin(), effects.end(), effect) == effects.end()) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    } else {
+        LOG(INFO) << "Enabling always-on ID " << id << " with " << toString(effect) << "/"
+                  << toString(strength);
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::alwaysOnDisable(int32_t id) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Disabling always-on ID " << id;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
 }  // namespace vibrator
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/include/vibrator-impl/Vibrator.h b/vibrator/aidl/default/include/vibrator-impl/Vibrator.h
index 14e7292..c3f3616 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/default/include/vibrator-impl/Vibrator.h
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/include/vibrator-impl/Vibrator.h
@@ -32,8 +32,18 @@
                                const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& callback,
                                int32_t* _aidl_return) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getSupportedEffects(std::vector<Effect>* _aidl_return) override;
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus setAmplitude(int32_t amplitude) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setAmplitude(float amplitude) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus setExternalControl(bool enabled) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getCompositionDelayMax(int32_t* maxDelayMs);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getCompositionSizeMax(int32_t* maxSize);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getSupportedPrimitives(std::vector<CompositePrimitive>* supported) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getPrimitiveDuration(CompositePrimitive primitive,
+                                            int32_t* durationMs) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus compose(const std::vector<CompositeEffect>& composite,
+                               const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& callback) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getSupportedAlwaysOnEffects(std::vector<Effect>* _aidl_return) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus alwaysOnEnable(int32_t id, Effect effect, EffectStrength strength) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus alwaysOnDisable(int32_t id) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace vibrator
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/vts/Android.bp b/vibrator/aidl/vts/Android.bp
index 20d53c7..d1e135e 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/vts/Android.bp
@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@
         "libbinder",
     ],
     static_libs: [
-        "vintf-vibrator-cpp",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-cpp",
     ],
     test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
         "vts-core",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/vts/VtsHalVibratorTargetTest.cpp b/vibrator/aidl/vts/VtsHalVibratorTargetTest.cpp
index b6aa9e2..411fe7a 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/vts/VtsHalVibratorTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/vts/VtsHalVibratorTargetTest.cpp
@@ -28,22 +28,16 @@
 using android::String16;
 using android::binder::Status;
 using android::hardware::vibrator::BnVibratorCallback;
+using android::hardware::vibrator::CompositeEffect;
+using android::hardware::vibrator::CompositePrimitive;
 using android::hardware::vibrator::Effect;
 using android::hardware::vibrator::EffectStrength;
 using android::hardware::vibrator::IVibrator;
 
-// TODO(b/143992652): autogenerate
-const std::vector<Effect> kEffects = {
-        Effect::CLICK,       Effect::DOUBLE_CLICK, Effect::TICK,        Effect::THUD,
-        Effect::POP,         Effect::HEAVY_CLICK,  Effect::RINGTONE_1,  Effect::RINGTONE_2,
-        Effect::RINGTONE_3,  Effect::RINGTONE_4,   Effect::RINGTONE_5,  Effect::RINGTONE_6,
-        Effect::RINGTONE_7,  Effect::RINGTONE_8,   Effect::RINGTONE_9,  Effect::RINGTONE_10,
-        Effect::RINGTONE_11, Effect::RINGTONE_12,  Effect::RINGTONE_13, Effect::RINGTONE_14,
-        Effect::RINGTONE_15, Effect::TEXTURE_TICK};
-
-// TODO(b/143992652): autogenerate
-const std::vector<EffectStrength> kEffectStrengths = {EffectStrength::LIGHT, EffectStrength::MEDIUM,
-                                                      EffectStrength::STRONG};
+const std::vector<Effect> kEffects{android::enum_range<Effect>().begin(),
+                                   android::enum_range<Effect>().end()};
+const std::vector<EffectStrength> kEffectStrengths{android::enum_range<EffectStrength>().begin(),
+                                                   android::enum_range<EffectStrength>().end()};
 
 const std::vector<Effect> kInvalidEffects = {
         static_cast<Effect>(static_cast<int32_t>(kEffects.front()) - 1),
@@ -55,6 +49,15 @@
         static_cast<EffectStrength>(static_cast<int8_t>(kEffectStrengths.back()) + 1),
 };
 
+const std::vector<CompositePrimitive> kCompositePrimitives{
+        android::enum_range<CompositePrimitive>().begin(),
+        android::enum_range<CompositePrimitive>().end()};
+
+const std::vector<CompositePrimitive> kInvalidPrimitives = {
+        static_cast<CompositePrimitive>(static_cast<int32_t>(kCompositePrimitives.front()) - 1),
+        static_cast<CompositePrimitive>(static_cast<int32_t>(kCompositePrimitives.back()) + 1),
+};
+
 class CompletionCallback : public BnVibratorCallback {
   public:
     CompletionCallback(const std::function<void()>& callback) : mCallback(callback) {}
@@ -119,13 +122,12 @@
             Status status = vibrator->perform(effect, strength, nullptr /*callback*/, &lengthMs);
 
             if (isEffectSupported) {
-                EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk())
-                        << static_cast<int>(effect) << " " << static_cast<int>(strength);
+                EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << toString(effect) << " " << toString(strength);
                 EXPECT_GT(lengthMs, 0);
                 usleep(lengthMs * 1000);
             } else {
                 EXPECT_EQ(status.exceptionCode(), Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)
-                        << static_cast<int>(effect) << " " << static_cast<int>(strength);
+                        << toString(effect) << " " << toString(strength);
                 EXPECT_EQ(lengthMs, 0);
             }
         }
@@ -186,7 +188,7 @@
             int32_t lengthMs;
             Status status = vibrator->perform(effect, strength, nullptr /*callback*/, &lengthMs);
             EXPECT_EQ(status.exceptionCode(), Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)
-                    << static_cast<int>(effect) << " " << static_cast<int>(strength);
+                    << toString(effect) << " " << toString(strength);
         }
     }
     for (Effect effect : kEffects) {
@@ -194,18 +196,18 @@
             int32_t lengthMs;
             Status status = vibrator->perform(effect, strength, nullptr /*callback*/, &lengthMs);
             EXPECT_EQ(status.exceptionCode(), Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)
-                    << static_cast<int>(effect) << " " << static_cast<int>(strength);
+                    << toString(effect) << " " << toString(strength);
         }
     }
 }
 
 TEST_P(VibratorAidl, ChangeVibrationAmplitude) {
     if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL) {
-        EXPECT_TRUE(vibrator->setAmplitude(1).isOk());
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->setAmplitude(0.1f).exceptionCode());
         EXPECT_TRUE(vibrator->on(2000, nullptr /*callback*/).isOk());
-        EXPECT_TRUE(vibrator->setAmplitude(128).isOk());
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->setAmplitude(0.5f).exceptionCode());
         sleep(1);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(vibrator->setAmplitude(255).isOk());
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->setAmplitude(1.0f).exceptionCode());
         sleep(1);
     }
 }
@@ -214,7 +216,7 @@
     if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL) {
         EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, vibrator->setAmplitude(-1).exceptionCode());
         EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, vibrator->setAmplitude(0).exceptionCode());
-        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, vibrator->setAmplitude(256).exceptionCode());
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, vibrator->setAmplitude(1.1).exceptionCode());
     }
 }
 
@@ -240,7 +242,7 @@
     if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_EXTERNAL_CONTROL) {
         EXPECT_TRUE(vibrator->setExternalControl(true).isOk());
 
-        Status amplitudeStatus = vibrator->setAmplitude(128);
+        Status amplitudeStatus = vibrator->setAmplitude(0.5);
         if (supportsExternalAmplitudeControl) {
             EXPECT_TRUE(amplitudeStatus.isOk());
         } else {
@@ -259,6 +261,175 @@
     }
 }
 
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, GetSupportedPrimitives) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        std::vector<CompositePrimitive> supported;
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->getSupportedPrimitives(&supported).exceptionCode());
+
+        std::sort(supported.begin(), supported.end());
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(kCompositePrimitives, supported);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, GetPrimitiveDuration) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        int32_t duration;
+
+        for (auto primitive : kCompositePrimitives) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE,
+                      vibrator->getPrimitiveDuration(primitive, &duration).exceptionCode());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, ComposeValidPrimitives) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        int32_t maxDelay, maxSize;
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->getCompositionDelayMax(&maxDelay).exceptionCode());
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->getCompositionSizeMax(&maxSize).exceptionCode());
+
+        std::vector<CompositeEffect> composite;
+
+        for (auto primitive : kCompositePrimitives) {
+            CompositeEffect effect;
+
+            effect.delayMs = std::rand() % (maxDelay + 1);
+            effect.primitive = primitive;
+            effect.scale = static_cast<float>(std::rand()) / RAND_MAX ?: 1.0f;
+            composite.emplace_back(effect);
+
+            if (composite.size() == maxSize) {
+                EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+                composite.clear();
+                vibrator->off();
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (composite.size() != 0) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+            vibrator->off();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, ComposeUnsupportedPrimitives) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        for (auto primitive : kInvalidPrimitives) {
+            std::vector<CompositeEffect> composite(1);
+
+            for (auto& effect : composite) {
+                effect.delayMs = 0;
+                effect.primitive = primitive;
+                effect.scale = 1.0f;
+            }
+            EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION,
+                      vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+            vibrator->off();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, CompseDelayBoundary) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        int32_t maxDelay;
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->getCompositionDelayMax(&maxDelay).exceptionCode());
+
+        std::vector<CompositeEffect> composite(1);
+        CompositeEffect effect;
+
+        effect.delayMs = 1;
+        effect.primitive = CompositePrimitive::CLICK;
+        effect.scale = 1.0f;
+
+        std::fill(composite.begin(), composite.end(), effect);
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+
+        effect.delayMs = maxDelay + 1;
+
+        std::fill(composite.begin(), composite.end(), effect);
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
+                  vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+        vibrator->off();
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, CompseSizeBoundary) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        int32_t maxSize;
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->getCompositionSizeMax(&maxSize).exceptionCode());
+
+        std::vector<CompositeEffect> composite(maxSize);
+        CompositeEffect effect;
+
+        effect.delayMs = 1;
+        effect.primitive = CompositePrimitive::CLICK;
+        effect.scale = 1.0f;
+
+        std::fill(composite.begin(), composite.end(), effect);
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+
+        composite.emplace_back(effect);
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
+                  vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+        vibrator->off();
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, ComposeCallback) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        std::promise<void> completionPromise;
+        std::future<void> completionFuture{completionPromise.get_future()};
+        sp<CompletionCallback> callback =
+                new CompletionCallback([&completionPromise] { completionPromise.set_value(); });
+        CompositePrimitive primitive = CompositePrimitive::CLICK;
+        CompositeEffect effect;
+        std::vector<CompositeEffect> composite;
+        int32_t duration;
+
+        effect.delayMs = 0;
+        effect.primitive = primitive;
+        effect.scale = 1.0f;
+        composite.emplace_back(effect);
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE,
+                  vibrator->getPrimitiveDuration(primitive, &duration).exceptionCode());
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->compose(composite, callback).exceptionCode());
+        EXPECT_EQ(completionFuture.wait_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(duration * 2)),
+                  std::future_status::ready);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, AlwaysOn) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_ALWAYS_ON_CONTROL) {
+        std::vector<Effect> supported;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(vibrator->getSupportedAlwaysOnEffects(&supported).isOk());
+
+        for (Effect effect : kEffects) {
+            bool isEffectSupported =
+                    std::find(supported.begin(), supported.end(), effect) != supported.end();
+
+            for (EffectStrength strength : kEffectStrengths) {
+                Status status = vibrator->alwaysOnEnable(0, effect, strength);
+
+                if (isEffectSupported) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, status.exceptionCode())
+                            << toString(effect) << " " << toString(strength);
+                } else {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION, status.exceptionCode())
+                            << toString(effect) << " " << toString(strength);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->alwaysOnDisable(0).exceptionCode());
+    }
+}
+
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Vibrator, VibratorAidl,
                          testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IVibrator::descriptor)),
                          android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/wifi/1.3/default/hidl_struct_util.cpp b/wifi/1.3/default/hidl_struct_util.cpp
index 2e4db70..d305c09 100644
--- a/wifi/1.3/default/hidl_struct_util.cpp
+++ b/wifi/1.3/default/hidl_struct_util.cpp
@@ -1819,7 +1819,13 @@
         convertHidlNanDataPathChannelCfgToLegacy(
             hidl_request.channelRequestType);
     legacy_request->channel = hidl_request.channel;
-    strcpy(legacy_request->ndp_iface, hidl_request.ifaceName.c_str());
+    if (strnlen(hidl_request.ifaceName.c_str(), IFNAMSIZ + 1) == IFNAMSIZ + 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "convertHidlNanDataPathInitiatorRequestToLegacy: "
+                      "ifaceName too long";
+        return false;
+    }
+    strncpy(legacy_request->ndp_iface, hidl_request.ifaceName.c_str(),
+            IFNAMSIZ + 1);
     legacy_request->ndp_cfg.security_cfg =
         (hidl_request.securityConfig.securityType !=
          NanDataPathSecurityType::OPEN)
@@ -1900,7 +1906,13 @@
                                    ? legacy_hal::NAN_DP_REQUEST_ACCEPT
                                    : legacy_hal::NAN_DP_REQUEST_REJECT;
     legacy_request->ndp_instance_id = hidl_request.ndpInstanceId;
-    strcpy(legacy_request->ndp_iface, hidl_request.ifaceName.c_str());
+    if (strnlen(hidl_request.ifaceName.c_str(), IFNAMSIZ + 1) == IFNAMSIZ + 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "convertHidlNanDataPathIndicationResponseToLegacy: "
+                      "ifaceName too long";
+        return false;
+    }
+    strncpy(legacy_request->ndp_iface, hidl_request.ifaceName.c_str(),
+            IFNAMSIZ + 1);
     legacy_request->ndp_cfg.security_cfg =
         (hidl_request.securityConfig.securityType !=
          NanDataPathSecurityType::OPEN)
diff --git a/wifi/hostapd/1.0/vts/functional/hostapd_hidl_call_util.h b/wifi/hostapd/1.0/vts/functional/hostapd_hidl_call_util.h
index 2f71ccb..ec7ebee 100644
--- a/wifi/hostapd/1.0/vts/functional/hostapd_hidl_call_util.h
+++ b/wifi/hostapd/1.0/vts/functional/hostapd_hidl_call_util.h
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
 namespace {
 namespace detail {
 template <typename>
diff --git a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 15525bb..332ee4a 100644
--- a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["supplicant_hidl_test_utils.cpp"],
     export_include_dirs: [
-        "."
+        ".",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "VtsHalWifiV1_0TargetTestUtil",
@@ -51,14 +51,17 @@
         "libwifi-system",
         "libwifi-system-iface",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalWifiSupplicantP2pV1_0TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: [
-        "VtsHalWifiSupplicantV1_0TargetTest.cpp",
+        "VtsHalWifiSupplicantP2pV1_0TargetTest.cpp",
         "supplicant_p2p_iface_hidl_test.cpp",
     ],
     static_libs: [
@@ -71,5 +74,8 @@
         "libwifi-system",
         "libwifi-system-iface",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalWifiSupplicantP2pV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalWifiSupplicantP2pV1_0TargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a132707
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalWifiSupplicantP2pV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <VtsCoreUtil.h>
+#include "supplicant_hidl_test_utils.h"
+
+// TODO(b/143892896): Remove this line after wifi_hidl_test_utils.cpp is
+// updated.
+WifiSupplicantHidlEnvironment* gEnv = nullptr;
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    if (!::testing::deviceSupportsFeature("android.hardware.wifi.direct"))
+        return 0;
+
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}