diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
index e7f5a0f..88badc7 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@
     srcs: [
         "AttestKeyTest.cpp",
         "DeviceUniqueAttestationTest.cpp",
+        "KeyBlobUpgradeTest.cpp",
         "KeyMintTest.cpp",
         "SecureElementProvisioningTest.cpp",
     ],
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyBlobUpgradeTest.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyBlobUpgradeTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c952012
--- /dev/null
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyBlobUpgradeTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,609 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+// The tests in this file are intended to be run manually, to allow testing of whether
+// keyblob upgrade works correctly.  The manual procedure is roughly:
+//
+// 1) Run the "*Before*" subset of these tests with the `--keyblob_dir <dir>` command-line argument
+//    so that keyblobs are saved to a directory on the device:
+//
+//      VtsAidlKeyMintTargetTest --gtest_filter="*KeyBlobUpgradeTest*Before*" \
+//                               --keyblob_dir /data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs
+//
+//    All tests should pass, and the `UpgradeKeyBlobs` test should indicate that no keyblob
+//    upgrades were needed.
+//
+// 2) Copy the generated keyblobs off the device into a safe place.
+//
+//      adb pull /data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs
+//
+// 3) Upgrade the device to a new version.
+//
+// 4) Push the saved keyblobs back onto the upgraded device.
+//
+//      adb push keymint-blobs /data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs
+//
+// 5) Run the "*After*" subset of these tests with the `--keyblob_dir <dir>` command-line argument
+//    pointing to the directory with the keyblobs:
+//
+//      VtsAidlKeyMintTargetTest --gtest_filter="*KeyBlobUpgradeTest*After*" \
+//                               --keyblob_dir /data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs
+//
+//    (Note that this skips the `CreateKeyBlobs` test, which would otherwise replace the saved
+//    keyblobs with freshly generated ones.).
+//
+//    All tests should pass, and the `UpgradeKeyBlobs` test should have output that matches whether
+//    upgrade was expected or not.
+
+#define LOG_TAG "keymint_1_test"
+#include <cutils/log.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <openssl/curve25519.h>
+#include <openssl/ec.h>
+#include <openssl/evp.h>
+#include <openssl/mem.h>
+#include <openssl/x509v3.h>
+
+#include "KeyMintAidlTestBase.h"
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::security::keymint::KeyCharacteristics;
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::security::keymint::test {
+
+namespace {
+
+std::vector<std::string> keyblob_names_tee = {
+        "aes-key",        "aes-key-rr",      "des-key",           "hmac-key",
+        "rsa-key",        "p256-key",        "ed25519-key",       "x25519-key",
+        "rsa-attest-key", "p256-attest-key", "ed25519-attest-key"};
+
+std::vector<std::string> keyblob_names_sb = {"aes-key",        "aes-key-rr",     "des-key",
+                                             "hmac-key",       "rsa-key",        "p256-key",
+                                             "rsa-attest-key", "p256-attest-key"};
+
+const std::vector<std::string>& keyblob_names(SecurityLevel sec_level) {
+    if (sec_level == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
+        return keyblob_names_sb;
+    } else {
+        return keyblob_names_tee;
+    }
+}
+
+bool requires_rr(const std::string& name) {
+    return name.find("-rr") != std::string::npos;
+}
+
+bool is_asymmetric(const std::string& name) {
+    return (name.find("rsa") != std::string::npos || name.find("25519") != std::string::npos ||
+            name.find("p256") != std::string::npos);
+}
+
+std::string keyblob_subdir(const std::string& keyblob_dir, const std::string& full_name,
+                           bool create) {
+    if (keyblob_dir.empty()) {
+        return "";
+    }
+
+    // Use a subdirectory for the specific instance, so two different KeyMint instances won't
+    // clash with each other.
+    size_t found = full_name.find_last_of('/');
+    std::string subdir = keyblob_dir + "/" + full_name.substr(found + 1);
+
+    if (create) {
+        mkdir(keyblob_dir.c_str(), 0777);
+        mkdir(subdir.c_str(), 0777);
+    }
+    return subdir;
+}
+
+void save_keyblob(const std::string& subdir, const std::string& name,
+                  const vector<uint8_t>& keyblob,
+                  const std::vector<KeyCharacteristics>& key_characteristics) {
+    // Write the keyblob out to a file.
+    std::string blobname(subdir + "/" + name + ".keyblob");
+    std::ofstream blobfile(blobname, std::ios::out | std::ios::trunc | std::ios::binary);
+    blobfile.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(keyblob.data()), keyblob.size());
+    blobfile.close();
+
+    // Dump the characteristics too.
+    std::string charsname(subdir + "/" + name + ".chars");
+    std::ofstream charsfile(charsname, std::ios::out | std::ios::trunc);
+    charsfile << "{\n";
+    for (const auto& characteristic : key_characteristics) {
+        charsfile << "  " << characteristic.toString() << "\n";
+    }
+    charsfile << "}\n";
+    charsfile.close();
+
+    // Also write out a hexdump of the keyblob for convenience.
+    std::string hexname(subdir + "/" + name + ".hex");
+    std::ofstream hexfile(hexname, std::ios::out | std::ios::trunc);
+    hexfile << bin2hex(keyblob) << "\n";
+    hexfile.close();
+}
+
+void save_keyblob_and_cert(const std::string& subdir, const std::string& name,
+                           const vector<uint8_t>& keyblob,
+                           const std::vector<KeyCharacteristics>& key_characteristics,
+                           const std::vector<Certificate>& cert_chain) {
+    save_keyblob(subdir, name, keyblob, key_characteristics);
+
+    if (is_asymmetric(name)) {
+        // Dump the leaf certificate as DER.
+        if (cert_chain.empty()) {
+            FAIL() << "No cert available for " << name;
+        } else {
+            const vector<uint8_t>& certdata = cert_chain[0].encodedCertificate;
+            std::string certname(subdir + "/" + name + ".cert");
+            std::ofstream certfile(certname, std::ios::out | std::ios::trunc | std::ios::binary);
+            certfile.write(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(certdata.data()), certdata.size());
+            certfile.close();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void delete_keyblob(const std::string& subdir, const std::string& name) {
+    std::string blobname(subdir + "/" + name + ".keyblob");
+    unlink(blobname.c_str());
+    std::string charsname(subdir + "/" + name + ".chars");
+    unlink(charsname.c_str());
+    std::string hexname(subdir + "/" + name + ".hex");
+    unlink(hexname.c_str());
+    std::string certname(subdir + "/" + name + ".cert");
+    unlink(certname.c_str());
+}
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> load_file(const std::string& subdir, const std::string& name,
+                               const std::string& suffix) {
+    std::string blobname(subdir + "/" + name + suffix);
+    std::ifstream blobfile(blobname, std::ios::in | std::ios::binary);
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> data((std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(blobfile)),
+                              std::istreambuf_iterator<char>());
+    return data;
+}
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> load_keyblob(const std::string& subdir, const std::string& name) {
+    return load_file(subdir, name, ".keyblob");
+}
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> load_cert(const std::string& subdir, const std::string& name) {
+    return load_file(subdir, name, ".cert");
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+class KeyBlobUpgradeTest : public KeyMintAidlTestBase {
+  protected:
+    void UpgradeKeyBlobs(bool expectUpgrade) {
+        std::string subdir = keyblob_subdir(keyblob_dir, GetParam(), /* create? */ false);
+        if (subdir.empty()) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "No keyblob directory provided";
+        }
+
+        for (std::string name : keyblob_names(SecLevel())) {
+            for (bool with_hidden : {false, true}) {
+                std::string app_id;
+                std::string app_data;
+                auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder();
+                if (with_hidden) {
+                    // Build a variant keyblob that requires app_id/app_data
+                    app_id = "appid";
+                    app_data = "appdata";
+                    builder.Authorization(TAG_APPLICATION_ID, "appid")
+                            .Authorization(TAG_APPLICATION_DATA, "appdata");
+                    name += "-hidden";
+                }
+                SCOPED_TRACE(testing::Message() << name);
+
+                // Load the old format keyblob.
+                std::vector<uint8_t> keyblob = load_keyblob(subdir, name);
+                if (keyblob.empty()) {
+                    if (requires_rr(name)) {
+                        std::cerr << "Skipping missing keyblob file '" << name
+                                  << "', assuming rollback resistance unavailable\n";
+                    } else {
+                        FAIL() << "Missing keyblob file '" << name << "'";
+                    }
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // An upgrade will either produce a new keyblob or no data (if upgrade isn't
+                // needed).
+                std::vector<uint8_t> upgraded_keyblob;
+                Status result =
+                        keymint_->upgradeKey(keyblob, builder.vector_data(), &upgraded_keyblob);
+                ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GetReturnErrorCode(result));
+
+                if (upgraded_keyblob.empty()) {
+                    std::cerr << "Keyblob '" << name << "' did not require upgrade\n";
+                    EXPECT_TRUE(!expectUpgrade) << "Keyblob '" << name << "' unexpectedly upgraded";
+                } else {
+                    // Ensure the old format keyblob is deleted (so any secure deletion data is
+                    // cleaned up).
+                    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, DeleteKey(&keyblob));
+
+                    std::vector<uint8_t> app_id_v(app_id.begin(), app_id.end());
+                    std::vector<uint8_t> app_data_v(app_data.begin(), app_data.end());
+                    std::vector<KeyCharacteristics> key_characteristics;
+                    result = keymint_->getKeyCharacteristics(upgraded_keyblob, app_id_v, app_data_v,
+                                                             &key_characteristics);
+                    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GetReturnErrorCode(result))
+                            << "Failed getKeyCharacteristics() after upgrade";
+
+                    save_keyblob(subdir, name, upgraded_keyblob, key_characteristics);
+                    // Cert file is left unchanged.
+                    std::cerr << "Keyblob '" << name << "' upgraded\n";
+                    EXPECT_TRUE(expectUpgrade)
+                            << "Keyblob '" << name << "' unexpectedly left as-is";
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+// To save off keyblobs before upgrade, use:
+//
+//    VtsAidlKeyMintTargetTest --gtest_filter="*KeyBlobUpgradeTest.CreateKeyBlobs*" \
+//                             --keyblob_dir /data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs
+//
+// Then copy the contents of the /data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs/ directory somewhere safe:
+//
+//    adb pull /data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs/
+TEST_P(KeyBlobUpgradeTest, CreateKeyBlobsBefore) {
+    std::string subdir = keyblob_subdir(keyblob_dir, GetParam(), /* create? */ true);
+
+    std::map<const std::string, AuthorizationSetBuilder> keys_info = {
+            {"aes-key", AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                .AesEncryptionKey(256)
+                                .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
+                                .Padding(PaddingMode::PKCS7)
+                                .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)},
+            {"aes-key-rr", AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                   .AesEncryptionKey(256)
+                                   .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
+                                   .Padding(PaddingMode::PKCS7)
+                                   .Authorization(TAG_ROLLBACK_RESISTANCE)
+                                   .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)},
+            {"des-key", AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
+                                .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
+                                .Padding(PaddingMode::PKCS7)
+                                .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)},
+            {"hmac-key", AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                 .HmacKey(128)
+                                 .Digest(Digest::SHA1)
+                                 .Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)
+                                 .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)},
+            {"rsa-key", AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
+                                .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::SIGN)
+                                .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                                .Digest(Digest::SHA1)
+                                .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
+                                .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                .SetDefaultValidity()},
+            {
+                    "p256-key",
+                    AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                            .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                            .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::AGREE_KEY)
+                            .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                            .Digest(Digest::SHA1)
+                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                            .SetDefaultValidity(),
+            },
+            {
+                    "ed25519-key",
+                    AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                            .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::CURVE_25519)
+                            .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                            .SetDefaultValidity(),
+            },
+            {"x25519-key", AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                   .Authorization(TAG_EC_CURVE, EcCurve::CURVE_25519)
+                                   .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::AGREE_KEY)
+                                   .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC)
+                                   .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                   .SetDefaultValidity()},
+            {"rsa-attest-key", AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                       .RsaKey(2048, 65537)
+                                       .AttestKey()
+                                       .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                       .SetDefaultValidity()},
+            {
+                    "p256-attest-key",
+                    AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                            .EcdsaKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                            .AttestKey()
+                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                            .SetDefaultValidity(),
+            },
+            {
+                    "ed25519-attest-key",
+                    AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                            .EcdsaKey(EcCurve::CURVE_25519)
+                            .AttestKey()
+                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                            .SetDefaultValidity(),
+            }};
+
+    for (std::string name : keyblob_names(SecLevel())) {
+        auto entry = keys_info.find(name);
+        ASSERT_NE(entry, keys_info.end()) << "no builder for " << name;
+        auto builder = entry->second;
+        for (bool with_hidden : {false, true}) {
+            if (with_hidden) {
+                // Build a variant keyblob that requires app_id/app_data
+                builder.Authorization(TAG_APPLICATION_ID, "appid")
+                        .Authorization(TAG_APPLICATION_DATA, "appdata");
+                name += "-hidden";
+            }
+            SCOPED_TRACE(testing::Message() << name);
+
+            vector<uint8_t> keyblob;
+            vector<KeyCharacteristics> key_characteristics;
+            vector<Certificate> cert_chain;
+            auto result =
+                    GenerateKey(builder, std::nullopt, &keyblob, &key_characteristics, &cert_chain);
+
+            if (requires_rr(name) && result == ErrorCode::ROLLBACK_RESISTANCE_UNAVAILABLE) {
+                // Rollback resistance support is optional.
+                std::cerr << "Skipping '" << name << "' key as rollback resistance unavailable\n";
+                continue;
+            }
+            ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, result) << " failed for " << name;
+
+            if (!subdir.empty()) {
+                save_keyblob_and_cert(subdir, name, keyblob, key_characteristics, cert_chain);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!subdir.empty()) {
+        std::cerr << "Save generated keyblobs with:\n\n    adb pull " << keyblob_dir << "\n\n";
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(KeyBlobUpgradeTest, UpgradeKeyBlobsBefore) {
+    // Check that attempting to upgrade valid keyblobs does nothing.
+    UpgradeKeyBlobs(/* expectUpgrade= */ false);
+}
+
+// To run this test:
+//
+// - save off some keyblobs before upgrade as per the CreateKeyBlobs test above.
+// - upgrade the device to a version that should trigger keyblob upgrade (e.g. different patchlevel)
+// - put the saved keyblobs back onto the upgraded device:
+//
+//     adb push keymint-blobs /data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs
+//
+// - run the test with:
+//
+//     VtsAidlKeyMintTargetTest --gtest_filter="*KeyBlobUpgradeTest.UpgradeKeyBlobsAfter*" \
+//                              --keyblob_dir /data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs
+//
+// - this replaces the keyblob contents in that directory; if needed, save the upgraded keyblobs
+//   with:
+//      adb pull /data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs/
+TEST_P(KeyBlobUpgradeTest, UpgradeKeyBlobsAfter) {
+    UpgradeKeyBlobs(/* expectUpgrade= */ true);
+}
+
+// To run this test:
+//
+// - save off some keyblobs before upgrade as per the CreateKeyBlobs test above
+// - if needed, upgrade the saved keyblobs as per the UpgradeKeyBlobs test above
+// - run the test with:
+//
+//     VtsAidlKeyMintTargetTest --gtest_filter="*KeyBlobUpgradeTest.UseKeyBlobs*" \
+//                              --keyblob_dir /data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs
+TEST_P(KeyBlobUpgradeTest, UseKeyBlobsBeforeOrAfter) {
+    std::string subdir = keyblob_subdir(keyblob_dir, GetParam(), /* create? */ false);
+    if (subdir.empty()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "No keyblob directory provided with (e.g.) --keyblob_dir "
+                        "/data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs";
+    }
+
+    for (std::string name : keyblob_names(SecLevel())) {
+        for (bool with_hidden : {false, true}) {
+            auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder();
+            if (with_hidden) {
+                // Build a variant keyblob that requires app_id/app_data
+                builder.Authorization(TAG_APPLICATION_ID, "appid")
+                        .Authorization(TAG_APPLICATION_DATA, "appdata");
+                name += "-hidden";
+            }
+            SCOPED_TRACE(testing::Message() << name);
+            std::vector<uint8_t> keyblob = load_keyblob(subdir, name);
+            if (keyblob.empty()) {
+                if (requires_rr(name)) {
+                    std::cerr << "Skipping missing keyblob file '" << name
+                              << "', assuming rollback resistance unavailable\n";
+                } else {
+                    FAIL() << "Missing keyblob file '" << name << "'";
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            std::vector<uint8_t> cert;
+            if (is_asymmetric(name)) {
+                cert = load_cert(subdir, name);
+            }
+
+            // Perform an algorithm-specific operation with the keyblob.
+            string message = "Hello World!";
+            AuthorizationSet out_params;
+            if (name.find("aes-key") != std::string::npos) {
+                builder.BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB).Padding(PaddingMode::PKCS7);
+                string ciphertext = EncryptMessage(keyblob, message, builder, &out_params);
+                string plaintext = DecryptMessage(keyblob, ciphertext, builder);
+                EXPECT_EQ(message, plaintext);
+            } else if (name.find("des-key") != std::string::npos) {
+                builder.BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB).Padding(PaddingMode::PKCS7);
+                string ciphertext = EncryptMessage(keyblob, message, builder, &out_params);
+                string plaintext = DecryptMessage(keyblob, ciphertext, builder);
+                EXPECT_EQ(message, plaintext);
+            } else if (name.find("hmac-key") != std::string::npos) {
+                builder.Digest(Digest::SHA1);
+                auto sign_builder = builder;
+                sign_builder.Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, 128);
+                string tag = SignMessage(keyblob, message, sign_builder);
+                VerifyMessage(keyblob, message, tag, builder);
+            } else if (name.find("rsa-key") != std::string::npos) {
+                builder.Digest(Digest::NONE).Padding(PaddingMode::NONE);
+                string signature = SignMessage(keyblob, message, builder);
+                LocalVerifyMessage(cert, message, signature, builder);
+            } else if (name.find("p256-key") != std::string::npos) {
+                builder.Digest(Digest::SHA1);
+                string signature = SignMessage(keyblob, message, builder);
+                LocalVerifyMessage(cert, message, signature, builder);
+            } else if (name.find("ed25519-key") != std::string::npos) {
+                builder.Digest(Digest::NONE);
+                string signature = SignMessage(keyblob, message, builder);
+                LocalVerifyMessage(cert, message, signature, builder);
+            } else if (name.find("x25519-key") != std::string::npos) {
+                // Generate EC key on same curve locally (with access to private key material).
+                uint8_t localPrivKeyData[32];
+                uint8_t localPubKeyData[32];
+                X25519_keypair(localPubKeyData, localPrivKeyData);
+                EVP_PKEY_Ptr localPrivKey(EVP_PKEY_new_raw_private_key(
+                        EVP_PKEY_X25519, nullptr, localPrivKeyData, sizeof(localPrivKeyData)));
+                // Get encoded form of the public part of the locally generated key.
+                unsigned char* p = nullptr;
+                int localPublicKeySize = i2d_PUBKEY(localPrivKey.get(), &p);
+                ASSERT_GT(localPublicKeySize, 0);
+                vector<uint8_t> localPublicKey(
+                        reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(p),
+                        reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(p + localPublicKeySize));
+                OPENSSL_free(p);
+
+                // Agree on a key between local and KeyMint.
+                string data;
+                ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+                          Begin(KeyPurpose::AGREE_KEY, keyblob, builder, &out_params));
+                ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+                          Finish(string(localPublicKey.begin(), localPublicKey.end()), &data));
+                vector<uint8_t> keymint_data(data.begin(), data.end());
+
+                // Extract the public key for the KeyMint key from the cert.
+                X509_Ptr kmKeyCert(parse_cert_blob(cert));
+                ASSERT_NE(kmKeyCert, nullptr);
+                EVP_PKEY_Ptr kmPubKey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(X509_get_pubkey(kmKeyCert.get()));
+                ASSERT_NE(kmPubKey.get(), nullptr);
+
+                size_t kmPubKeySize = 32;
+                uint8_t kmPubKeyData[32];
+                ASSERT_EQ(1,
+                          EVP_PKEY_get_raw_public_key(kmPubKey.get(), kmPubKeyData, &kmPubKeySize));
+                ASSERT_EQ(kmPubKeySize, 32);
+
+                // Agree on a key between KeyMint and local.
+                uint8_t sharedKey[32];
+                ASSERT_EQ(1, X25519(sharedKey, localPrivKeyData, kmPubKeyData));
+                vector<uint8_t> local_data(sharedKey, sharedKey + 32);
+
+                // Both ways round should agree.
+                EXPECT_EQ(keymint_data, local_data);
+            } else if (name.find("-attest-key") != std::string::npos) {
+                // Covers rsa-attest-key, p256-attest-key, ed25519-attest-key.
+
+                // Use attestation key to sign RSA signing key
+                AttestationKey attest_key;
+                attest_key.keyBlob = keyblob;
+                attest_key.attestKeyParams = builder.vector_data();
+                attest_key.issuerSubjectName = make_name_from_str("Android Keystore Key");
+                vector<uint8_t> attested_key_blob;
+                vector<KeyCharacteristics> attested_key_characteristics;
+                vector<Certificate> attested_key_cert_chain;
+                EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+                          GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
+                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                              .AttestationChallenge("challenge")
+                                              .AttestationApplicationId("app-id")
+                                              .SetDefaultValidity(),
+                                      attest_key, &attested_key_blob, &attested_key_characteristics,
+                                      &attested_key_cert_chain));
+                CheckedDeleteKey(&attested_key_blob);
+            } else {
+                FAIL() << "Unexpected name: " << name;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// This test target deletes any keys from the keyblob subdirectory that have rollback resistance
+// enabled.
+TEST_P(KeyBlobUpgradeTest, DeleteRRKeyBlobsAfter) {
+    std::string subdir = keyblob_subdir(keyblob_dir, GetParam(), /* create? */ false);
+    if (subdir.empty()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "No keyblob directory provided with (e.g.) --keyblob_dir "
+                        "/data/local/tmp/keymint-blobs";
+    }
+
+    for (std::string name : keyblob_names(SecLevel())) {
+        for (bool with_hidden : {false, true}) {
+            auto builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder();
+            if (with_hidden) {
+                // Build a variant keyblob that requires app_id/app_data
+                builder.Authorization(TAG_APPLICATION_ID, "appid")
+                        .Authorization(TAG_APPLICATION_DATA, "appdata");
+                name += "-hidden";
+            }
+            if (!requires_rr(name)) {
+                std::cerr << "Skipping keyblob file '" << name
+                          << "' which does not use rollback resistance\n";
+                continue;
+            }
+            SCOPED_TRACE(testing::Message() << name);
+            std::vector<uint8_t> keyblob = load_keyblob(subdir, name);
+            if (keyblob.empty()) {
+                std::cerr << "Skipping missing keyblob file '" << name
+                          << "', assuming rollback resistance unavailable\n";
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Delete the key
+            ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, DeleteKey(&keyblob));
+
+            // Remove all files relating to the deleted key.
+            std::cerr << "Deleting files for deleted key '" << name << ";";
+            delete_keyblob(subdir, name);
+
+            // Attempting to use the keyblob after deletion should fail.
+            AuthorizationSet out_params;
+            if (name.find("aes-key") != std::string::npos) {
+                builder.BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB).Padding(PaddingMode::PKCS7);
+                EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INVALID_KEY_BLOB,
+                          Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, keyblob, builder, &out_params));
+            } else {
+                FAIL() << "Unexpected name: " << name;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_KEYMINT_AIDL_TEST(KeyBlobUpgradeTest);
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::security::keymint::test
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp
index 43ad30a..6c012fa 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp
@@ -184,6 +184,7 @@
 
 bool KeyMintAidlTestBase::arm_deleteAllKeys = false;
 bool KeyMintAidlTestBase::dump_Attestations = false;
+std::string KeyMintAidlTestBase::keyblob_dir;
 
 uint32_t KeyMintAidlTestBase::boot_patch_level(
         const vector<KeyCharacteristics>& key_characteristics) {
@@ -946,9 +947,15 @@
                                              const AuthorizationSet& params) {
     SCOPED_TRACE("LocalVerifyMessage");
 
-    // Retrieve the public key from the leaf certificate.
     ASSERT_GT(cert_chain_.size(), 0);
-    X509_Ptr key_cert(parse_cert_blob(cert_chain_[0].encodedCertificate));
+    LocalVerifyMessage(cert_chain_[0].encodedCertificate, message, signature, params);
+}
+
+void KeyMintAidlTestBase::LocalVerifyMessage(const vector<uint8_t>& der_cert, const string& message,
+                                             const string& signature,
+                                             const AuthorizationSet& params) {
+    // Retrieve the public key from the leaf certificate.
+    X509_Ptr key_cert(parse_cert_blob(der_cert));
     ASSERT_TRUE(key_cert.get());
     EVP_PKEY_Ptr pub_key(X509_get_pubkey(key_cert.get()));
     ASSERT_TRUE(pub_key.get());
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.h b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.h
index 5b09ca5..908eeab 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.h
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.h
@@ -64,6 +64,10 @@
     static bool arm_deleteAllKeys;
     static bool dump_Attestations;
 
+    // Directory to store/retrieve keyblobs, using subdirectories named for the
+    // KeyMint instance in question (e.g. "./default/", "./strongbox/").
+    static std::string keyblob_dir;
+
     void SetUp() override;
     void TearDown() override {
         if (key_blob_.size()) {
@@ -206,6 +210,8 @@
                        const string& signature, const AuthorizationSet& params);
     void VerifyMessage(const string& message, const string& signature,
                        const AuthorizationSet& params);
+    void LocalVerifyMessage(const vector<uint8_t>& der_cert, const string& message,
+                            const string& signature, const AuthorizationSet& params);
     void LocalVerifyMessage(const string& message, const string& signature,
                             const AuthorizationSet& params);
 
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintTest.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintTest.cpp
index 5a86283..c54dde4 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintTest.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintTest.cpp
@@ -8641,6 +8641,15 @@
                 // interactions.
                 aidl::android::hardware::security::keymint::test::check_boot_pl = false;
             }
+            if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--keyblob_dir") {
+                if (i + 1 >= argc) {
+                    std::cerr << "Missing argument for --keyblob_dir\n";
+                    return 1;
+                }
+                aidl::android::hardware::security::keymint::test::KeyMintAidlTestBase::keyblob_dir =
+                        std::string(argv[i + 1]);
+                ++i;
+            }
         }
     }
     return RUN_ALL_TESTS();