diff --git a/health/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/health/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index eb69612..0fcac19 100644
--- a/health/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/health/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -32,5 +32,11 @@
         "android.hardware.health@1.0",
         "android.hardware.health@2.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts"],
+    header_libs: [
+        "libhealthtest_headers",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/health/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/health/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_0TargetTest.cpp
index 7fabf2b..3afba45 100644
--- a/health/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/health/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware/health/2.0/types.h>
 #include <gflags/gflags.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <health-test/TestUtils.h>
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@
 namespace hardware {
 namespace health {
 
+using test_utils::SucceedOnce;
 using V1_0::BatteryStatus;
 using V1_0::toString;
 
@@ -356,64 +358,9 @@
                                   << toString(current.result) << ", skipping";
     }
 
-    // For IHealth.getCurrentNow/Average, if current is not available, it is expected that
-    // current.result == Result::NOT_SUPPORTED, which is checked above. Hence, zero current is
-    // not treated as unknown values.
-    // For IHealth.getHealthInfo, if current is not available, health_info.current_* == 0.
-    // Caller of this function provides current.result == Result::SUCCESS. Hence, just skip the
-    // check.
-    if (current.value == 0 && acceptZeroCurrentAsUnknown) {
-        return AssertionSuccess()
-               << "current is 0, which indicates the value may not be available. Skipping.";
-    }
-
-    switch (status.value) {
-        case BatteryStatus::UNKNOWN:
-            if (current.value != 0) {
-                // BatteryStatus may be UNKNOWN initially with a non-zero current value, but
-                // after it is initialized, it should be known.
-                return AssertionFailure()
-                       << "BatteryStatus is UNKNOWN but current is not 0. Actual: "
-                       << current.value;
-            }
-            break;
-        case BatteryStatus::CHARGING:
-            if (current.value <= 0) {
-                return AssertionFailure()
-                       << "BatteryStatus is CHARGING but current is not positive. Actual: "
-                       << current.value;
-            }
-            break;
-        case BatteryStatus::NOT_CHARGING:
-            if (current.value > 0) {
-                return AssertionFailure() << "BatteryStatus is " << toString(status.value)
-                                          << " but current is positive. Actual: " << current.value;
-            }
-            break;
-        case BatteryStatus::DISCHARGING:
-            if (current.value >= 0) {
-                return AssertionFailure()
-                       << "BatteryStatus is " << toString(status.value)
-                       << " but current is not negative. Actual: " << current.value;
-            }
-            break;
-        case BatteryStatus::FULL:
-            // Battery current may be positive or negative depending on the load.
-            break;
-        default:
-            return AssertionFailure() << "Unknown BatteryStatus " << toString(status.value);
-    }
-
-    return AssertionSuccess() << "BatteryStatus is " << toString(status.value)
-                              << " and current has the correct sign: " << current.value;
-}
-
-static AssertionResult IsValueSimilar(int32_t dividend, int32_t divisor, double factor) {
-    auto difference = abs(dividend - divisor);
-    if (difference > factor * abs(divisor)) {
-        return AssertionFailure() << dividend << " and " << divisor << " are not similar.";
-    }
-    return AssertionSuccess() << dividend << " and " << divisor << " are similar.";
+    return test_utils::IsBatteryCurrentSignCorrect(
+            status.value, current.value, acceptZeroCurrentAsUnknown,
+            [](BatteryStatus status) { return toString(status); });
 }
 
 static AssertionResult IsBatteryCurrentSimilar(HalResult<BatteryStatus> status,
@@ -437,31 +384,8 @@
                                   << currentAverage.value << ", skipping";
     }
 
-    // Check that the two values are similar. Note that the two tests uses a different
-    // divisor to ensure that they are actually pretty similar. For example,
-    // IsValueSimilar(5,10,0.4) returns true, but IsValueSimlar(10,5,0.4) returns false.
-    TEST_AND_RETURN(IsValueSimilar(currentNow.value, currentAverage.value, gCurrentCompareFactor)
-                    << " for now vs. average. Check units.");
-    TEST_AND_RETURN(IsValueSimilar(currentAverage.value, currentNow.value, gCurrentCompareFactor)
-                    << " for average vs. now. Check units.");
-    return AssertionSuccess() << "currentNow = " << currentNow.value
-                              << " and currentAverage = " << currentAverage.value
-                              << " are considered similar.";
-}
-
-// Test that f() returns AssertionSuccess() once in a given period of time.
-template <typename Duration, typename Function>
-static AssertionResult SucceedOnce(Duration d, Function f) {
-    AssertionResult result = AssertionFailure() << "Function never evaluated.";
-    auto end = std::chrono::system_clock::now() + d;
-    while (std::chrono::system_clock::now() <= end) {
-        result = f();
-        if (result) {
-            return result;
-        }
-        std::this_thread::sleep_for(2s);
-    }
-    return result;
+    return test_utils::IsBatteryCurrentSimilar(currentNow.value, currentAverage.value,
+                                               gCurrentCompareFactor);
 }
 
 uint64_t GetShippingApiLevel() {
@@ -603,40 +527,8 @@
     }
 
     const auto& batteryInfo = healthInfo.value.legacy;
-    bool isConnected = batteryInfo.chargerAcOnline || batteryInfo.chargerUsbOnline ||
-                       batteryInfo.chargerWirelessOnline;
-
-    std::stringstream message;
-    message << "BatteryStatus is " << toString(status.value) << " and "
-            << (isConnected ? "" : "no ")
-            << "power source is connected: ac=" << batteryInfo.chargerAcOnline
-            << ", usb=" << batteryInfo.chargerUsbOnline
-            << ", wireless=" << batteryInfo.chargerWirelessOnline;
-
-    switch (status.value) {
-        case BatteryStatus::UNKNOWN: {
-            // Don't enforce anything on isConnected on unknown battery status.
-            // Battery-less devices must report UNKNOWN battery status, but may report true
-            // or false on isConnected.
-        } break;
-        case BatteryStatus::CHARGING:
-        case BatteryStatus::NOT_CHARGING:
-        case BatteryStatus::FULL: {
-            if (!isConnected) {
-                return AssertionFailure() << message.str();
-            }
-        } break;
-        case BatteryStatus::DISCHARGING: {
-            if (isConnected) {
-                return AssertionFailure() << message.str();
-            }
-        } break;
-        default: {
-            return AssertionFailure() << "Unknown battery status value " << toString(status.value);
-        } break;
-    }
-
-    return AssertionSuccess() << message.str();
+    return test_utils::IsBatteryStatusCorrect(
+            status.value, batteryInfo, [](BatteryStatus status) { return toString(status); });
 }
 
 TEST_P(BatteryTest, ConnectedAgainstStatusFromHal) {
diff --git a/health/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp b/health/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..434f565
--- /dev/null
+++ b/health/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalHealthTargetTest",
+    defaults: [
+        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
+        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "VtsHalHealthTargetTest.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.health-V1-ndk",
+        "libgmock",
+    ],
+    header_libs: [
+        "libhealthtest_headers",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "vts",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/health/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthTargetTest.cpp b/health/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthTargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e07188
--- /dev/null
+++ b/health/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthTargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,539 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "health_aidl_hal_test"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <memory>
+#include <thread>
+
+#include <aidl/Gtest.h>
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/health/BnHealthInfoCallback.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/health/IHealth.h>
+#include <android/binder_auto_utils.h>
+#include <android/binder_enums.h>
+#include <android/binder_interface_utils.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <health-test/TestUtils.h>
+
+using android::getAidlHalInstanceNames;
+using android::PrintInstanceNameToString;
+using android::hardware::health::test_utils::SucceedOnce;
+using ndk::enum_range;
+using ndk::ScopedAStatus;
+using ndk::SharedRefBase;
+using ndk::SpAIBinder;
+using testing::AllOf;
+using testing::AnyOf;
+using testing::AnyOfArray;
+using testing::AssertionFailure;
+using testing::AssertionResult;
+using testing::AssertionSuccess;
+using testing::Contains;
+using testing::Each;
+using testing::Eq;
+using testing::ExplainMatchResult;
+using testing::Ge;
+using testing::Gt;
+using testing::Le;
+using testing::Lt;
+using testing::Matcher;
+using testing::Not;
+using namespace std::string_literals;
+using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::health {
+
+static constexpr int32_t kFullChargeDesignCapMinUah = 100 * 1000;
+static constexpr int32_t kFullChargeDesignCapMaxUah = 100 * 1000 * 1000;
+
+MATCHER(IsOk, "") {
+    *result_listener << "status is " << arg.getDescription();
+    return arg.isOk();
+}
+
+MATCHER_P(ExceptionIs, exception_code, "") {
+    *result_listener << "status is " << arg.getDescription();
+    return arg.getExceptionCode() == exception_code;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+Matcher<T> InClosedRange(const T& lo, const T& hi) {
+    return AllOf(Ge(lo), Le(hi));
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+Matcher<T> IsValidEnum() {
+    return AnyOfArray(enum_range<T>().begin(), enum_range<T>().end());
+}
+
+class HealthAidl : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    void SetUp() override {
+        SpAIBinder binder(AServiceManager_waitForService(GetParam().c_str()));
+        health = IHealth::fromBinder(binder);
+        ASSERT_NE(health, nullptr);
+    }
+    std::shared_ptr<IHealth> health;
+};
+
+class Callback : public BnHealthInfoCallback {
+  public:
+    ScopedAStatus healthInfoChanged(const HealthInfo&) override {
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+            invoked_ = true;
+        }
+        invoked_notify_.notify_all();
+        return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    template <typename R, typename P>
+    [[nodiscard]] bool waitInvoke(std::chrono::duration<R, P> duration) {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+        bool r = invoked_notify_.wait_for(lock, duration, [this] { return this->invoked_; });
+        invoked_ = false;
+        return r;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::mutex mutex_;
+    std::condition_variable invoked_notify_;
+    bool invoked_ = false;
+};
+
+TEST_P(HealthAidl, Callbacks) {
+    auto first_callback = SharedRefBase::make<Callback>();
+    auto second_callback = SharedRefBase::make<Callback>();
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(health->registerCallback(first_callback), IsOk());
+    ASSERT_THAT(health->registerCallback(second_callback), IsOk());
+
+    // registerCallback may or may not invoke the callback immediately, so the test needs
+    // to wait for the invocation. If the implementation chooses not to invoke the callback
+    // immediately, just wait for some time.
+    (void)first_callback->waitInvoke(200ms);
+    (void)second_callback->waitInvoke(200ms);
+
+    // assert that the first callback is invoked when update is called.
+    ASSERT_THAT(health->update(), IsOk());
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(first_callback->waitInvoke(1s));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(second_callback->waitInvoke(1s));
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(health->unregisterCallback(first_callback), IsOk());
+
+    // clear any potentially pending callbacks result from wakealarm / kernel events
+    // If there is none, just wait for some time.
+    (void)first_callback->waitInvoke(200ms);
+    (void)second_callback->waitInvoke(200ms);
+
+    // assert that the second callback is still invoked even though the first is unregistered.
+    ASSERT_THAT(health->update(), IsOk());
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(first_callback->waitInvoke(200ms));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(second_callback->waitInvoke(1s));
+
+    ASSERT_THAT(health->unregisterCallback(second_callback), IsOk());
+}
+
+TEST_P(HealthAidl, UnregisterNonExistentCallback) {
+    auto callback = SharedRefBase::make<Callback>();
+    auto ret = health->unregisterCallback(callback);
+    ASSERT_THAT(ret, ExceptionIs(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tests the values returned by getChargeCounterUah() from interface IHealth.
+ */
+TEST_P(HealthAidl, getChargeCounterUah) {
+    int32_t value;
+    auto status = health->getChargeCounterUah(&value);
+    ASSERT_THAT(status, AnyOf(IsOk(), ExceptionIs(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)));
+    if (!status.isOk()) return;
+    ASSERT_THAT(value, Ge(0));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tests the values returned by getCurrentNowMicroamps() from interface IHealth.
+ */
+TEST_P(HealthAidl, getCurrentNowMicroamps) {
+    int32_t value;
+    auto status = health->getCurrentNowMicroamps(&value);
+    ASSERT_THAT(status, AnyOf(IsOk(), ExceptionIs(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)));
+    if (!status.isOk()) return;
+    ASSERT_THAT(value, Not(INT32_MIN));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tests the values returned by getCurrentAverageMicroamps() from interface IHealth.
+ */
+TEST_P(HealthAidl, getCurrentAverageMicroamps) {
+    int32_t value;
+    auto status = health->getCurrentAverageMicroamps(&value);
+    ASSERT_THAT(status, AnyOf(IsOk(), ExceptionIs(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)));
+    if (!status.isOk()) return;
+    ASSERT_THAT(value, Not(INT32_MIN));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tests the values returned by getCapacity() from interface IHealth.
+ */
+TEST_P(HealthAidl, getCapacity) {
+    int32_t value;
+    auto status = health->getCapacity(&value);
+    ASSERT_THAT(status, AnyOf(IsOk(), ExceptionIs(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)));
+    if (!status.isOk()) return;
+    ASSERT_THAT(value, InClosedRange(0, 100));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tests the values returned by getEnergyCounterNwh() from interface IHealth.
+ */
+TEST_P(HealthAidl, getEnergyCounterNwh) {
+    int64_t value;
+    auto status = health->getEnergyCounterNwh(&value);
+    ASSERT_THAT(status, AnyOf(IsOk(), ExceptionIs(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)));
+    if (!status.isOk()) return;
+    ASSERT_THAT(value, Not(INT64_MIN));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tests the values returned by getChargeStatus() from interface IHealth.
+ */
+TEST_P(HealthAidl, getChargeStatus) {
+    BatteryStatus value;
+    auto status = health->getChargeStatus(&value);
+    ASSERT_THAT(status, AnyOf(IsOk(), ExceptionIs(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)));
+    if (!status.isOk()) return;
+    ASSERT_THAT(value, IsValidEnum<BatteryStatus>());
+}
+
+MATCHER(IsValidStorageInfo, "") {
+    *result_listener << "value is " << arg.toString() << ".";
+    if (!ExplainMatchResult(InClosedRange(0, 3), arg.eol, result_listener)) {
+        *result_listener << " for eol.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!ExplainMatchResult(InClosedRange(0, 0x0B), arg.lifetimeA, result_listener)) {
+        *result_listener << " for lifetimeA.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!ExplainMatchResult(InClosedRange(0, 0x0B), arg.lifetimeB, result_listener)) {
+        *result_listener << " for lifetimeB.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tests the values returned by getStorageInfo() from interface IHealth.
+ */
+TEST_P(HealthAidl, getStorageInfo) {
+    std::vector<StorageInfo> value;
+    auto status = health->getStorageInfo(&value);
+    ASSERT_THAT(status, AnyOf(IsOk(), ExceptionIs(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)));
+    if (!status.isOk()) return;
+    ASSERT_THAT(value, Each(IsValidStorageInfo()));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tests the values returned by getDiskStats() from interface IHealth.
+ */
+TEST_P(HealthAidl, getDiskStats) {
+    std::vector<DiskStats> value;
+    auto status = health->getDiskStats(&value);
+    ASSERT_THAT(status, AnyOf(IsOk(), ExceptionIs(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)));
+}
+
+MATCHER(IsValidHealthInfo, "") {
+    *result_listener << "value is " << arg.toString() << ".";
+    if (!ExplainMatchResult(Each(IsValidStorageInfo()), arg.storageInfos, result_listener)) {
+        *result_listener << " for storageInfos.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!ExplainMatchResult(Not(INT32_MIN), arg.batteryCurrentMicroamps, result_listener)) {
+        *result_listener << " for batteryCurrentMicroamps.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!ExplainMatchResult(InClosedRange(0, 100), arg.batteryLevel, result_listener)) {
+        *result_listener << " for batteryLevel.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!ExplainMatchResult(IsValidEnum<BatteryHealth>(), arg.batteryHealth, result_listener)) {
+        *result_listener << " for batteryHealth.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!ExplainMatchResult(IsValidEnum<BatteryStatus>(), arg.batteryStatus, result_listener)) {
+        *result_listener << " for batteryStatus.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (arg.batteryPresent) {
+        if (!ExplainMatchResult(Gt(0), arg.batteryChargeCounterUah, result_listener)) {
+            *result_listener << " for batteryChargeCounterUah when battery is present.";
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (!ExplainMatchResult(Not(BatteryStatus::UNKNOWN), arg.batteryStatus, result_listener)) {
+            *result_listener << " for batteryStatus when battery is present.";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!ExplainMatchResult(IsValidEnum<BatteryCapacityLevel>(), arg.batteryCapacityLevel,
+                            result_listener)) {
+        *result_listener << " for batteryCapacityLevel.";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!ExplainMatchResult(Ge(-1), arg.batteryChargeTimeToFullNowSeconds, result_listener)) {
+        *result_listener << " for batteryChargeTimeToFullNowSeconds.";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!ExplainMatchResult(
+                AnyOf(Eq(0), AllOf(Gt(kFullChargeDesignCapMinUah), Lt(kFullChargeDesignCapMaxUah))),
+                arg.batteryFullChargeDesignCapacityUah, result_listener)) {
+        *result_listener << " for batteryFullChargeDesignCapacityUah. It should be greater than "
+                            "100 mAh and less than 100,000 mAh, or 0 if unknown";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tests the values returned by getHealthInfo() from interface IHealth.
+ */
+TEST_P(HealthAidl, getHealthInfo) {
+    HealthInfo value;
+    auto status = health->getHealthInfo(&value);
+    ASSERT_THAT(status, AnyOf(IsOk(), ExceptionIs(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)));
+    if (!status.isOk()) return;
+    ASSERT_THAT(value, IsValidHealthInfo());
+}
+
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(HealthAidl);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Health, HealthAidl,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(getAidlHalInstanceNames(IHealth::descriptor)),
+                         PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+// For battery current tests, value may not be stable if the battery current has fluctuated.
+// Retry in a bit more time (with the following timeout) and consider the test successful if it
+// has succeed once.
+static constexpr auto gBatteryTestTimeout = 1min;
+static constexpr double gCurrentCompareFactor = 0.50;
+class BatteryTest : public HealthAidl {};
+
+// Tuple for all IHealth::get* API return values.
+template <typename T>
+struct HalResult {
+    std::shared_ptr<ScopedAStatus> result = std::make_shared<ScopedAStatus>();
+    T value;
+};
+
+// Needs to be called repeatedly within a period of time to ensure values are initialized.
+static AssertionResult IsBatteryCurrentSignCorrect(const HalResult<BatteryStatus>& status,
+                                                   const HalResult<int32_t>& current,
+                                                   bool acceptZeroCurrentAsUnknown) {
+    // getChargeStatus / getCurrentNow / getCurrentAverage / getHealthInfo already tested above.
+    // Here, just skip if not ok.
+    if (!status.result->isOk()) {
+        return AssertionSuccess() << "getChargeStatus / getHealthInfo returned "
+                                  << status.result->getDescription() << ", skipping";
+    }
+
+    if (!current.result->isOk()) {
+        return AssertionSuccess() << "getCurrentNow / getCurrentAverage returned "
+                                  << current.result->getDescription() << ", skipping";
+    }
+
+    return ::android::hardware::health::test_utils::IsBatteryCurrentSignCorrect(
+            status.value, current.value, acceptZeroCurrentAsUnknown,
+            [](BatteryStatus status) { return toString(status); });
+}
+
+static AssertionResult IsBatteryCurrentSimilar(const HalResult<BatteryStatus>& status,
+                                               const HalResult<int32_t>& current_now,
+                                               const HalResult<int32_t>& current_average) {
+    if (status.result->isOk() && status.value == BatteryStatus::FULL) {
+        // No reason to test on full battery because battery current load fluctuates.
+        return AssertionSuccess() << "Battery is full, skipping";
+    }
+
+    // getCurrentNow / getCurrentAverage / getHealthInfo already tested above. Here, just skip if
+    // not SUCCESS or value 0.
+    if (!current_now.result->isOk() || current_now.value == 0) {
+        return AssertionSuccess() << "getCurrentNow returned "
+                                  << current_now.result->getDescription() << " with value "
+                                  << current_now.value << ", skipping";
+    }
+
+    if (!current_average.result->isOk() || current_average.value == 0) {
+        return AssertionSuccess() << "getCurrentAverage returned "
+                                  << current_average.result->getDescription() << " with value "
+                                  << current_average.value << ", skipping";
+    }
+
+    return ::android::hardware::health::test_utils::IsBatteryCurrentSimilar(
+            current_now.value, current_average.value, gCurrentCompareFactor);
+}
+
+TEST_P(BatteryTest, InstantCurrentAgainstChargeStatusInHealthInfo) {
+    auto testOnce = [&]() -> AssertionResult {
+        HalResult<HealthInfo> health_info;
+        *health_info.result = health->getHealthInfo(&health_info.value);
+
+        return IsBatteryCurrentSignCorrect(
+                {health_info.result, health_info.value.batteryStatus},
+                {health_info.result, health_info.value.batteryCurrentMicroamps},
+                true /* accept zero current as unknown */);
+    };
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SucceedOnce(gBatteryTestTimeout, testOnce))
+            << "You may want to try again later when current_now becomes stable.";
+}
+
+TEST_P(BatteryTest, AverageCurrentAgainstChargeStatusInHealthInfo) {
+    auto testOnce = [&]() -> AssertionResult {
+        HalResult<HealthInfo> health_info;
+        *health_info.result = health->getHealthInfo(&health_info.value);
+        return IsBatteryCurrentSignCorrect(
+                {health_info.result, health_info.value.batteryStatus},
+                {health_info.result, health_info.value.batteryCurrentAverageMicroamps},
+                true /* accept zero current as unknown */);
+    };
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SucceedOnce(gBatteryTestTimeout, testOnce))
+            << "You may want to try again later when current_average becomes stable.";
+}
+
+TEST_P(BatteryTest, InstantCurrentAgainstAverageCurrentInHealthInfo) {
+    auto testOnce = [&]() -> AssertionResult {
+        HalResult<HealthInfo> health_info;
+        *health_info.result = health->getHealthInfo(&health_info.value);
+        return IsBatteryCurrentSimilar(
+                {health_info.result, health_info.value.batteryStatus},
+                {health_info.result, health_info.value.batteryCurrentMicroamps},
+                {health_info.result, health_info.value.batteryCurrentAverageMicroamps});
+    };
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SucceedOnce(gBatteryTestTimeout, testOnce))
+            << "You may want to try again later when current_now and current_average becomes "
+               "stable.";
+}
+
+TEST_P(BatteryTest, InstantCurrentAgainstChargeStatusFromHal) {
+    auto testOnce = [&]() -> AssertionResult {
+        HalResult<BatteryStatus> status;
+        *status.result = health->getChargeStatus(&status.value);
+        HalResult<int32_t> current_now;
+        *current_now.result = health->getCurrentNowMicroamps(&current_now.value);
+        return IsBatteryCurrentSignCorrect(status, current_now,
+                                           false /* accept zero current as unknown */);
+    };
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SucceedOnce(gBatteryTestTimeout, testOnce))
+            << "You may want to try again later when current_now becomes stable.";
+}
+
+TEST_P(BatteryTest, AverageCurrentAgainstChargeStatusFromHal) {
+    auto testOnce = [&]() -> AssertionResult {
+        HalResult<BatteryStatus> status;
+        *status.result = health->getChargeStatus(&status.value);
+        HalResult<int32_t> current_average;
+        *current_average.result = health->getCurrentAverageMicroamps(&current_average.value);
+        return IsBatteryCurrentSignCorrect(status, current_average,
+                                           false /* accept zero current as unknown */);
+    };
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SucceedOnce(gBatteryTestTimeout, testOnce))
+            << "You may want to try again later when current_average becomes stable.";
+}
+
+TEST_P(BatteryTest, InstantCurrentAgainstAverageCurrentFromHal) {
+    auto testOnce = [&]() -> AssertionResult {
+        HalResult<BatteryStatus> status;
+        *status.result = health->getChargeStatus(&status.value);
+        HalResult<int32_t> current_now;
+        *current_now.result = health->getCurrentNowMicroamps(&current_now.value);
+        HalResult<int32_t> current_average;
+        *current_average.result = health->getCurrentAverageMicroamps(&current_average.value);
+        return IsBatteryCurrentSimilar(status, current_now, current_average);
+    };
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SucceedOnce(gBatteryTestTimeout, testOnce))
+            << "You may want to try again later when current_average becomes stable.";
+}
+
+AssertionResult IsBatteryStatusCorrect(const HalResult<BatteryStatus>& status,
+                                       const HalResult<HealthInfo>& health_info) {
+    // getChargetStatus / getHealthInfo is already tested above. Here, just skip if not ok.
+    if (!health_info.result->isOk()) {
+        return AssertionSuccess() << "getHealthInfo returned "
+                                  << health_info.result->getDescription() << ", skipping";
+    }
+    if (!status.result->isOk()) {
+        return AssertionSuccess() << "getChargeStatus returned " << status.result->getDescription()
+                                  << ", skipping";
+    }
+    return ::android::hardware::health::test_utils::IsBatteryStatusCorrect(
+            status.value, health_info.value, [](BatteryStatus status) { return toString(status); });
+}
+
+TEST_P(BatteryTest, ConnectedAgainstStatusFromHal) {
+    auto testOnce = [&]() -> AssertionResult {
+        HalResult<BatteryStatus> status;
+        *status.result = health->getChargeStatus(&status.value);
+        HalResult<HealthInfo> health_info;
+        *health_info.result = health->getHealthInfo(&health_info.value);
+        return IsBatteryStatusCorrect(status, health_info);
+    };
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SucceedOnce(gBatteryTestTimeout, testOnce))
+            << "You may want to try again later when battery_status becomes stable.";
+}
+
+TEST_P(BatteryTest, ConnectedAgainstStatusInHealthInfo) {
+    auto testOnce = [&]() -> AssertionResult {
+        HalResult<HealthInfo> health_info;
+        *health_info.result = health->getHealthInfo(&health_info.value);
+        return IsBatteryStatusCorrect({health_info.result, health_info.value.batteryStatus},
+                                      health_info);
+    };
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(SucceedOnce(gBatteryTestTimeout, testOnce))
+            << "You may want to try again later when getHealthInfo becomes stable.";
+}
+
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(BatteryTest);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Health, BatteryTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(getAidlHalInstanceNames(IHealth::descriptor)),
+                         PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::health
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(1);
+    ABinderProcess_startThreadPool();
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/health/utils/libhealthtest/Android.bp b/health/utils/libhealthtest/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbe02d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/health/utils/libhealthtest/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// Utils library for VTS tests.
+cc_library_headers {
+    name: "libhealthtest_headers",
+    static_libs: [
+        "libgmock",
+        "libgtest",
+    ],
+    export_static_lib_headers: [
+        "libgmock",
+        "libgtest",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/health/utils/libhealthtest/include/health-test/TestUtils.h b/health/utils/libhealthtest/include/health-test/TestUtils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69c411
--- /dev/null
+++ b/health/utils/libhealthtest/include/health-test/TestUtils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <chrono>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+namespace android::hardware::health::test_utils {
+
+using testing::AssertionFailure;
+using testing::AssertionResult;
+using testing::AssertionSuccess;
+using std::chrono_literals::operator""s;
+
+// Needs to be called repeatedly within a period of time to ensure values are initialized.
+template <typename BatteryStatusType, typename BatteryStatusToStringFn>
+inline AssertionResult IsBatteryCurrentSignCorrect(const BatteryStatusType& status, int32_t current,
+                                                   bool acceptZeroCurrentAsUnknown,
+                                                   const BatteryStatusToStringFn& toString) {
+    // For IHealth.getCurrentNow/Average, if current is not available, it is expected that
+    // the error code is NOT_SUPPORTED, which is checked above. Hence, zero current is
+    // not treated as unknown values.
+    // For IHealth.getHealthInfo, if current is not available, health_info.current_* == 0.
+    // Caller of this function provides current.result == Result::SUCCESS. Hence, just skip the
+    // check.
+    if (current == 0 && acceptZeroCurrentAsUnknown) {
+        return AssertionSuccess()
+               << "current is 0, which indicates the value may not be available. Skipping.";
+    }
+
+    switch (status) {
+        case BatteryStatusType::UNKNOWN:
+            if (current != 0) {
+                // BatteryStatus may be UNKNOWN initially with a non-zero current value, but
+                // after it is initialized, it should be known.
+                return AssertionFailure()
+                       << "BatteryStatus is UNKNOWN but current is not 0. Actual: " << current;
+            }
+            break;
+        case BatteryStatusType::CHARGING:
+            if (current <= 0) {
+                return AssertionFailure()
+                       << "BatteryStatus is CHARGING but current is not positive. Actual: "
+                       << current;
+            }
+            break;
+        case BatteryStatusType::NOT_CHARGING:
+            if (current > 0) {
+                return AssertionFailure() << "BatteryStatus is " << toString(status)
+                                          << " but current is positive. Actual: " << current;
+            }
+            break;
+        case BatteryStatusType::DISCHARGING:
+            if (current >= 0) {
+                return AssertionFailure() << "BatteryStatus is " << toString(status)
+                                          << " but current is not negative. Actual: " << current;
+            }
+            break;
+        case BatteryStatusType::FULL:
+            // Battery current may be positive or negative depending on the load.
+            break;
+        default:
+            return AssertionFailure() << "Unknown BatteryStatus " << toString(status);
+    }
+
+    return AssertionSuccess() << "BatteryStatus is " << toString(status)
+                              << " and current has the correct sign: " << current;
+}
+
+inline AssertionResult IsValueSimilar(int32_t dividend, int32_t divisor, double factor) {
+    auto difference = abs(dividend - divisor);
+    if (difference > factor * abs(divisor)) {
+        return AssertionFailure() << dividend << " and " << divisor
+                                  << " are not similar (factor = " << factor << ")";
+    }
+    return AssertionSuccess() << dividend << " and " << divisor
+                              << " are similar (factor = " << factor << ")";
+}
+
+inline AssertionResult IsBatteryCurrentSimilar(int32_t currentNow, int32_t currentAverage,
+                                               double currentCompareFactor) {
+    // Check that the two values are similar. Note that the two tests uses a different
+    // divisor to ensure that they are actually pretty similar. For example,
+    // IsValueSimilar(5,10,0.4) returns true, but IsValueSimlar(10,5,0.4) returns false.
+    auto res = IsValueSimilar(currentNow, currentAverage, currentCompareFactor)
+               << " for now vs. average. Check units.";
+    if (!res) return res;
+    res = IsValueSimilar(currentAverage, currentNow, currentCompareFactor)
+          << " for average vs. now. Check units.";
+    if (!res) return res;
+    return AssertionSuccess() << "currentNow = " << currentNow
+                              << " and currentAverage = " << currentAverage
+                              << " are considered similar.";
+}
+
+// Test that f() returns AssertionSuccess() once in a given period of time.
+template <typename Duration, typename Function>
+inline AssertionResult SucceedOnce(Duration d, Function f) {
+    AssertionResult result = AssertionFailure() << "Function is never evaluated.";
+    auto end = std::chrono::system_clock::now() + d;
+    while (std::chrono::system_clock::now() <= end) {
+        result = f();
+        if (result) {
+            return result;
+        }
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(2s);
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+template <typename BatteryStatusType, typename BatteryInfoType, typename BatteryStatusToStringFn>
+AssertionResult IsBatteryStatusCorrect(const BatteryStatusType& status,
+                                       const BatteryInfoType& batteryInfo,
+                                       const BatteryStatusToStringFn& toString) {
+    bool isConnected = batteryInfo.chargerAcOnline || batteryInfo.chargerUsbOnline ||
+                       batteryInfo.chargerWirelessOnline;
+
+    std::stringstream message;
+    message << "BatteryStatus is " << toString(status) << " and " << (isConnected ? "" : "no ")
+            << "power source is connected: ac=" << batteryInfo.chargerAcOnline
+            << ", usb=" << batteryInfo.chargerUsbOnline
+            << ", wireless=" << batteryInfo.chargerWirelessOnline;
+
+    switch (status) {
+        case BatteryStatusType::UNKNOWN: {
+            // Don't enforce anything on isConnected on unknown battery status.
+            // Battery-less devices must report UNKNOWN battery status, but may report true
+            // or false on isConnected.
+        } break;
+        case BatteryStatusType::CHARGING:
+        case BatteryStatusType::NOT_CHARGING:
+        case BatteryStatusType::FULL: {
+            if (!isConnected) {
+                return AssertionFailure() << message.str();
+            }
+        } break;
+        case BatteryStatusType::DISCHARGING: {
+            if (isConnected) {
+                return AssertionFailure() << message.str();
+            }
+        } break;
+        default: {
+            return AssertionFailure() << "Unknown battery status value " << toString(status);
+        } break;
+    }
+
+    return AssertionSuccess() << message.str();
+}
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::health::test_utils