diff --git a/OWNERS b/OWNERS
index 3a1a038..a53d83e 100644
--- a/OWNERS
+++ b/OWNERS
@@ -9,6 +9,3 @@
 
 # historical/backup
 maco@google.com
-
-# vts tests
-guangzhu@google.com
diff --git a/audio/aidl/Android.bp b/audio/aidl/Android.bp
index 7db50d5..440422e 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -75,10 +75,14 @@
         "android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl",
         "android/hardware/audio/core/IStreamIn.aidl",
         "android/hardware/audio/core/IStreamOut.aidl",
+        "android/hardware/audio/core/MmapBufferDescriptor.aidl",
         "android/hardware/audio/core/ModuleDebug.aidl",
+        "android/hardware/audio/core/StreamDescriptor.aidl",
     ],
     imports: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common-V1",
+        "android.hardware.common-V2",
+        "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1",
         "android.media.audio.common.types-V1",
     ],
     stability: "vintf",
@@ -88,7 +92,7 @@
             enabled: false,
         },
         java: {
-            platform_apis: true,
+            sdk_version: "module_current",
         },
     },
 }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/AudioPatch.aidl b/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/AudioPatch.aidl
index 1cef4cd..078b5ea 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/AudioPatch.aidl
+++ b/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/AudioPatch.aidl
@@ -37,4 +37,6 @@
   int id;
   int[] sourcePortConfigIds;
   int[] sinkPortConfigIds;
+  int minimumStreamBufferSizeFrames;
+  int[] latenciesMs;
 }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl b/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl
index f8bc2c7..a8bbb15 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl
+++ b/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl
@@ -43,10 +43,33 @@
   android.media.audio.common.AudioPort[] getAudioPorts();
   android.hardware.audio.core.AudioRoute[] getAudioRoutes();
   android.hardware.audio.core.AudioRoute[] getAudioRoutesForAudioPort(int portId);
-  android.hardware.audio.core.IStreamIn openInputStream(int portConfigId, in android.hardware.audio.common.SinkMetadata sinkMetadata);
-  android.hardware.audio.core.IStreamOut openOutputStream(int portConfigId, in android.hardware.audio.common.SourceMetadata sourceMetadata, in @nullable android.media.audio.common.AudioOffloadInfo offloadInfo);
+  android.hardware.audio.core.IModule.OpenInputStreamReturn openInputStream(in android.hardware.audio.core.IModule.OpenInputStreamArguments args);
+  android.hardware.audio.core.IModule.OpenOutputStreamReturn openOutputStream(in android.hardware.audio.core.IModule.OpenOutputStreamArguments args);
   android.hardware.audio.core.AudioPatch setAudioPatch(in android.hardware.audio.core.AudioPatch requested);
   boolean setAudioPortConfig(in android.media.audio.common.AudioPortConfig requested, out android.media.audio.common.AudioPortConfig suggested);
   void resetAudioPatch(int patchId);
   void resetAudioPortConfig(int portConfigId);
+  @VintfStability
+  parcelable OpenInputStreamArguments {
+    int portConfigId;
+    android.hardware.audio.common.SinkMetadata sinkMetadata;
+    long bufferSizeFrames;
+  }
+  @VintfStability
+  parcelable OpenInputStreamReturn {
+    android.hardware.audio.core.IStreamIn stream;
+    android.hardware.audio.core.StreamDescriptor desc;
+  }
+  @VintfStability
+  parcelable OpenOutputStreamArguments {
+    int portConfigId;
+    android.hardware.audio.common.SourceMetadata sourceMetadata;
+    @nullable android.media.audio.common.AudioOffloadInfo offloadInfo;
+    long bufferSizeFrames;
+  }
+  @VintfStability
+  parcelable OpenOutputStreamReturn {
+    android.hardware.audio.core.IStreamOut stream;
+    android.hardware.audio.core.StreamDescriptor desc;
+  }
 }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/MmapBufferDescriptor.aidl b/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/MmapBufferDescriptor.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ea1c69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/MmapBufferDescriptor.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.hardware.audio.core;
+@JavaDerive(equals=true, toString=true) @VintfStability
+parcelable MmapBufferDescriptor {
+  android.hardware.common.Ashmem sharedMemory;
+  long burstSizeFrames;
+  int flags;
+  const int FLAG_INDEX_APPLICATION_SHAREABLE = 0;
+}
diff --git a/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/StreamDescriptor.aidl b/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/StreamDescriptor.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..472a8a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.audio.core/current/android/hardware/audio/core/StreamDescriptor.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.hardware.audio.core;
+@JavaDerive(equals=true, toString=true) @VintfStability
+parcelable StreamDescriptor {
+  android.hardware.common.fmq.MQDescriptor<android.hardware.audio.core.StreamDescriptor.Command,android.hardware.common.fmq.SynchronizedReadWrite> command;
+  android.hardware.common.fmq.MQDescriptor<android.hardware.audio.core.StreamDescriptor.Reply,android.hardware.common.fmq.SynchronizedReadWrite> reply;
+  long bufferSizeFrames;
+  android.hardware.audio.core.StreamDescriptor.AudioBuffer audio;
+  const int COMMAND_EXIT = 0;
+  const int COMMAND_BURST = 1;
+  const int STATUS_OK = 0;
+  const int STATUS_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT = 1;
+  const int STATUS_ILLEGAL_STATE = 2;
+  @FixedSize @VintfStability
+  parcelable Position {
+    long frames;
+    long timeNs;
+  }
+  @FixedSize @VintfStability
+  parcelable Command {
+    int code;
+    int fmqByteCount;
+  }
+  @FixedSize @VintfStability
+  parcelable Reply {
+    int status;
+    int fmqByteCount;
+    android.hardware.audio.core.StreamDescriptor.Position observable;
+    android.hardware.audio.core.StreamDescriptor.Position hardware;
+    int latencyMs;
+  }
+  @VintfStability
+  union AudioBuffer {
+    android.hardware.common.fmq.MQDescriptor<byte,android.hardware.common.fmq.UnsynchronizedWrite> fmq;
+    android.hardware.audio.core.MmapBufferDescriptor mmap;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/AudioPatch.aidl b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/AudioPatch.aidl
index 48ca214..005d4c0 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/AudioPatch.aidl
+++ b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/AudioPatch.aidl
@@ -37,4 +37,18 @@
      * unique.
      */
     int[] sinkPortConfigIds;
+    /**
+     * The minimum buffer size, in frames, which streams must use for
+     * this connection configuration. This field is filled out by the
+     * HAL module on creation of the patch and must be a positive number.
+     */
+    int minimumStreamBufferSizeFrames;
+    /**
+     * Latencies, in milliseconds, associated with each sink port config from
+     * the 'sinkPortConfigIds' field. This field is filled out by the HAL module
+     * on creation or updating of the patch and must be a positive number. This
+     * is a nominal value. The current value of latency is provided via
+     * 'StreamDescriptor' command exchange on each audio I/O operation.
+     */
+    int[] latenciesMs;
 }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl
index 802cb2f..363eb68 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl
+++ b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 import android.hardware.audio.core.IStreamIn;
 import android.hardware.audio.core.IStreamOut;
 import android.hardware.audio.core.ModuleDebug;
+import android.hardware.audio.core.StreamDescriptor;
 import android.media.audio.common.AudioOffloadInfo;
 import android.media.audio.common.AudioPort;
 import android.media.audio.common.AudioPortConfig;
@@ -241,22 +242,49 @@
      * 'setAudioPortConfig' method. Existence of an audio patch involving this
      * port configuration is not required for successful opening of a stream.
      *
+     * The requested buffer size is expressed in frames, thus the actual size
+     * in bytes depends on the audio port configuration. Also, the HAL module
+     * may end up providing a larger buffer, thus the requested size is treated
+     * as the minimum size that the client needs. The minimum buffer size
+     * suggested by the HAL is in the 'AudioPatch.minimumStreamBufferSizeFrames'
+     * field, returned as a result of calling the 'setAudioPatch' method.
+     *
      * Only one stream is allowed per audio port configuration. HAL module can
      * also set a limit on how many output streams can be opened for a particular
      * mix port by using its 'AudioPortMixExt.maxOpenStreamCount' field.
      *
-     * @return An opened input stream.
-     * @param portConfigId The ID of the audio mix port config.
-     * @param sinkMetadata Description of the audio that will be recorded.
+     * Note that although it's not prohibited to open a stream on a mix port
+     * configuration which is not connected (using a patch) to any device port,
+     * and set up a patch afterwards, this is not the recommended sequence of
+     * calls, because setting up of a patch might fail due to an insufficient
+     * stream buffer size.
+     *
+     * @return An opened input stream and the associated descriptor.
+     * @param args Input arguments, see 'OpenInputStreamArguments' parcelable.
      * @throws EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT In the following cases:
      *                             - If the port config can not be found by the ID.
      *                             - If the port config is not of an input mix port.
+     *                             - If a buffer of the requested size can not be provided.
      * @throws EX_ILLEGAL_STATE In the following cases:
      *                          - If the port config already has a stream opened on it.
      *                          - If the limit on the open stream count for the port has
      *                            been reached.
      */
-    IStreamIn openInputStream(int portConfigId, in SinkMetadata sinkMetadata);
+    @VintfStability
+    parcelable OpenInputStreamArguments {
+        /** The ID of the audio mix port config. */
+        int portConfigId;
+        /** Description of the audio that will be recorded. */
+        SinkMetadata sinkMetadata;
+        /** Requested audio I/O buffer minimum size, in frames. */
+        long bufferSizeFrames;
+    }
+    @VintfStability
+    parcelable OpenInputStreamReturn {
+        IStreamIn stream;
+        StreamDescriptor desc;
+    }
+    OpenInputStreamReturn openInputStream(in OpenInputStreamArguments args);
 
     /**
      * Open an output stream using an existing audio mix port configuration.
@@ -269,21 +297,33 @@
      * the framework must provide additional information about the encoded
      * audio stream in 'offloadInfo' argument.
      *
+     * The requested buffer size is expressed in frames, thus the actual size
+     * in bytes depends on the audio port configuration. Also, the HAL module
+     * may end up providing a larger buffer, thus the requested size is treated
+     * as the minimum size that the client needs. The minimum buffer size
+     * suggested by the HAL is in the 'AudioPatch.minimumStreamBufferSizeFrames'
+     * field, returned as a result of calling the 'setAudioPatch' method.
+     *
      * Only one stream is allowed per audio port configuration. HAL module can
      * also set a limit on how many output streams can be opened for a particular
      * mix port by using its 'AudioPortMixExt.maxOpenStreamCount' field.
      * Only one stream can be opened on the audio port with 'PRIMARY' output
      * flag. This rule can not be overridden with 'maxOpenStreamCount' field.
      *
-     * @return An opened output stream.
-     * @param portConfigId The ID of the audio mix port config.
-     * @param sourceMetadata Description of the audio that will be played.
-     * @param offloadInfo Additional information for offloaded playback.
+     * Note that although it's not prohibited to open a stream on a mix port
+     * configuration which is not connected (using a patch) to any device port,
+     * and set up a patch afterwards, this is not the recommended sequence of
+     * calls, because setting up of a patch might fail due to an insufficient
+     * stream buffer size.
+     *
+     * @return An opened output stream and the associated descriptor.
+     * @param args Input arguments, see 'OpenOutputStreamArguments' parcelable.
      * @throws EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT In the following cases:
      *                             - If the port config can not be found by the ID.
      *                             - If the port config is not of an output mix port.
      *                             - If the offload info is not provided for an offload
      *                               port configuration.
+     *                             - If a buffer of the requested size can not be provided.
      * @throws EX_ILLEGAL_STATE In the following cases:
      *                          - If the port config already has a stream opened on it.
      *                          - If the limit on the open stream count for the port has
@@ -291,8 +331,23 @@
      *                          - If another opened stream already exists for the 'PRIMARY'
      *                            output port.
      */
-    IStreamOut openOutputStream(int portConfigId, in SourceMetadata sourceMetadata,
-            in @nullable AudioOffloadInfo offloadInfo);
+    @VintfStability
+    parcelable OpenOutputStreamArguments {
+        /** The ID of the audio mix port config. */
+        int portConfigId;
+        /** Description of the audio that will be played. */
+        SourceMetadata sourceMetadata;
+        /** Additional information used for offloaded playback only. */
+        @nullable AudioOffloadInfo offloadInfo;
+        /** Requested audio I/O buffer minimum size, in frames. */
+        long bufferSizeFrames;
+    }
+    @VintfStability
+    parcelable OpenOutputStreamReturn {
+        IStreamOut stream;
+        StreamDescriptor desc;
+    }
+    OpenOutputStreamReturn openOutputStream(in OpenOutputStreamArguments args);
 
     /**
      * Set an audio patch.
@@ -300,19 +355,27 @@
      * This method creates new or updates an existing audio patch. If the
      * requested audio patch does not have a specified id, then a new patch is
      * created and an ID is allocated for it by the HAL module. Otherwise an
-     * attempt to update an existing patch is made. It is recommended that
-     * updating of an existing audio patch should be performed by the HAL module
-     * in a way that does not interrupt active audio streams involving audio
-     * port configurations of the patch. If the HAL module is unable to avoid
-     * interruption when updating a certain patch, it is permitted to allocate a
-     * new patch ID for the result. The returned audio patch contains all the
-     * information about the new or updated audio patch.
+     * attempt to update an existing patch is made.
+     *
+     * The operation of updating an existing audio patch must not change
+     * playback state of audio streams opened on the audio port configurations
+     * of the patch. That is, the HAL module must still be able to consume or
+     * to provide data from / to streams continuously during the patch
+     * switching. Natural intermittent audible loss of some audio frames due to
+     * switching between device ports which does not affect stream playback is
+     * allowed. If the HAL module is unable to avoid playback or recording
+     * state change when updating a certain patch, it must return an error. In
+     * that case, the client must take care of changing port configurations,
+     * patches, and recreating streams in a way which provides an acceptable
+     * user experience.
      *
      * Audio port configurations specified in the patch must be obtained by
      * calling 'setAudioPortConfig' method. There must be an audio route which
      * allows connection between the audio ports whose configurations are used.
-     * An audio patch may be created before or after an audio steam is created
-     * for this configuration.
+     *
+     * When updating an existing audio patch, nominal latency values may change
+     * and must be provided by the HAL module in the returned 'AudioPatch'
+     * structure.
      *
      * @return Resulting audio patch.
      * @param requested Requested audio patch.
@@ -324,6 +387,9 @@
      * @throws EX_ILLEGAL_STATE In the following cases:
      *                          - If application of the patch can only use a route with an
      *                            exclusive use the sink port, and it is already patched.
+     *                          - If updating an existing patch will cause interruption
+     *                            of audio, or requires re-opening of streams due to
+     *                            change of minimum audio I/O buffer size.
      * @throws EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION If the patch can not be established because
      *                                  the HAL module does not support this otherwise valid
      *                                  patch configuration. For example, if it's a patch
diff --git a/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IStreamIn.aidl b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IStreamIn.aidl
index b770449..7205bb8 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IStreamIn.aidl
+++ b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IStreamIn.aidl
@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@
      *
      * Releases any resources allocated for this stream on the HAL module side.
      * The stream can not be operated after it has been closed. Methods of this
-     * interface throw EX_ILLEGAL_STATE in for a closed stream.
+     * interface throw EX_ILLEGAL_STATE for a closed stream.
+     *
+     * The associated stream descriptor can be released once this method returns.
      *
      * @throws EX_ILLEGAL_STATE If the stream has already been closed.
      */
diff --git a/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IStreamOut.aidl b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IStreamOut.aidl
index 60212fc..0a5aacd 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IStreamOut.aidl
+++ b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IStreamOut.aidl
@@ -28,7 +28,9 @@
      *
      * Releases any resources allocated for this stream on the HAL module side.
      * The stream can not be operated after it has been closed. Methods of this
-     * interface throw EX_ILLEGAL_STATE in for a closed stream.
+     * interface throw EX_ILLEGAL_STATE for a closed stream.
+     *
+     * The associated stream descriptor can be released once this method returns.
      *
      * @throws EX_ILLEGAL_STATE If the stream has already been closed.
      */
diff --git a/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/MmapBufferDescriptor.aidl b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/MmapBufferDescriptor.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..108bcbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/MmapBufferDescriptor.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.audio.core;
+
+import android.hardware.common.Ashmem;
+
+/**
+ * MMap buffer descriptor is used by streams opened in MMap No IRQ mode.
+ */
+@JavaDerive(equals=true, toString=true)
+@VintfStability
+parcelable MmapBufferDescriptor {
+    /**
+     * MMap memory buffer.
+     */
+    Ashmem sharedMemory;
+    /**
+     * Transfer size granularity in frames.
+     */
+    long burstSizeFrames;
+    /**
+     * Attributes describing the buffer. Bitmask indexed by FLAG_INDEX_*
+     * constants.
+     */
+    int flags;
+
+    /**
+     * Whether the buffer can be securely shared to untrusted applications
+     * through the AAudio exclusive mode.
+     *
+     * Only set this flag if applications are restricted from accessing the
+     * memory surrounding the audio data buffer by a kernel mechanism.
+     * See Linux kernel's dma-buf
+     * (https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v4.16/driver-api/dma-buf.html).
+     */
+    const int FLAG_INDEX_APPLICATION_SHAREABLE = 0;
+}
diff --git a/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/StreamDescriptor.aidl b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/StreamDescriptor.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2338e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/StreamDescriptor.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.audio.core;
+
+import android.hardware.audio.core.MmapBufferDescriptor;
+import android.hardware.common.fmq.MQDescriptor;
+import android.hardware.common.fmq.SynchronizedReadWrite;
+import android.hardware.common.fmq.UnsynchronizedWrite;
+
+/**
+ * Stream descriptor contains fast message queues and buffers used for sending
+ * and receiving audio data. The descriptor complements IStream* interfaces by
+ * providing communication channels that serve as an alternative to Binder
+ * transactions.
+ *
+ * Handling of audio data and commands must be done by the HAL module on a
+ * dedicated thread with high priority, for all modes, including MMap No
+ * IRQ. The HAL module is responsible for creating this thread and setting its
+ * priority. The HAL module is also responsible for serializing access to the
+ * internal components of the stream while serving commands invoked via the
+ * stream's AIDL interface and commands invoked via the command queue of the
+ * descriptor.
+ */
+@JavaDerive(equals=true, toString=true)
+@VintfStability
+parcelable StreamDescriptor {
+    /**
+     * Position binds together a position within the stream and time.
+     *
+     * The timestamp must use "monotonic" clock.
+     *
+     * The frame count must advance between consecutive I/O operations, and stop
+     * advancing when the stream was put into the 'standby' mode. On exiting the
+     * 'standby' mode, the frame count must not reset, but continue counting.
+     */
+    @VintfStability
+    @FixedSize
+    parcelable Position {
+        /** Frame count. */
+        long frames;
+        /** Timestamp in nanoseconds. */
+        long timeNs;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * The exit command is used to unblock the HAL thread and ask it to exit.
+     * This is the last command that the client sends via the StreamDescriptor.
+     * The HAL module must reply to this command in order to unblock the client,
+     * and cease waiting on the command queue.
+     */
+    const int COMMAND_EXIT = 0;
+    /**
+     * The command used for audio I/O, see 'AudioBuffer'. For MMap No IRQ mode
+     * this command only provides updated positions and latency because actual
+     * audio I/O is done via the 'AudioBuffer.mmap' shared buffer.
+     */
+    const int COMMAND_BURST = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Used for sending commands to the HAL module. The client writes into
+     * the queue, the HAL module reads. The queue can only contain a single
+     * command.
+     */
+    @VintfStability
+    @FixedSize
+    parcelable Command {
+        /**
+         * One of COMMAND_* codes.
+         */
+        int code;
+        /**
+         * For output streams: the amount of bytes provided by the client in the
+         *   'audio.fmq' queue.
+         * For input streams: the amount of bytes requested by the client to read
+         *   from the hardware into the 'audio.fmq' queue.
+         */
+        int fmqByteCount;
+    }
+    MQDescriptor<Command, SynchronizedReadWrite> command;
+
+    /**
+     * No error, the command completed successfully.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_OK = 0;
+    /**
+     * Invalid data provided in the command, e.g. unknown command code or
+     * negative 'fmqByteCount' value.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT = 1;
+    /**
+     * The HAL module is not in the state when it can complete the command.
+     */
+    const int STATUS_ILLEGAL_STATE = 2;
+
+    /**
+     * Used for providing replies to commands. The HAL module writes into
+     * the queue, the client reads. The queue can only contain a single reply,
+     * corresponding to the last command sent by the client.
+     */
+    @VintfStability
+    @FixedSize
+    parcelable Reply {
+        /**
+         * One of STATUS_* statuses.
+         */
+        int status;
+        /**
+         * For output streams: the amount of bytes actually consumed by the HAL
+         *   module from the 'audio.fmq' queue.
+         * For input streams: the amount of bytes actually provided by the HAL
+         *   in the 'audio.fmq' queue.
+         */
+        int fmqByteCount;
+        /**
+         * For output streams: the moment when the specified stream position
+         *   was presented to an external observer (i.e. presentation position).
+         * For input streams: the moment when data at the specified stream position
+         *   was acquired (i.e. capture position).
+         */
+        Position observable;
+        /**
+         * Used only for MMap streams to provide the hardware read / write
+         * position for audio data in the shared memory buffer 'audio.mmap'.
+         */
+        Position hardware;
+        /**
+         * Current latency reported by the hardware.
+         */
+        int latencyMs;
+    }
+    MQDescriptor<Reply, SynchronizedReadWrite> reply;
+
+    /**
+     * Total buffer size in frames. This applies both to the size of the 'audio.fmq'
+     * queue and to the size of the shared memory buffer for MMap No IRQ streams.
+     * Note that this size may end up being slightly larger than the size requested
+     * in a call to 'IModule.openInputStream' or 'openOutputStream' due to memory
+     * alignment requirements.
+     */
+    long bufferSizeFrames;
+
+    /**
+     * Used for sending or receiving audio data to/from the stream. In the case
+     * of MMap No IRQ streams this structure only contains the information about
+     * the shared memory buffer. Audio data is sent via the shared buffer
+     * directly.
+     */
+    @VintfStability
+    union AudioBuffer {
+        /**
+         * The fast message queue used for all modes except MMap No IRQ. Access
+         * to this queue is synchronized via the 'command' and 'reply' queues
+         * as described below.
+         *
+         * For output streams the following sequence of operations is used:
+         *  1. The client puts audio data into the 'audio.fmq' queue.
+         *  2. The client writes the 'BURST' command into the 'command' queue,
+         *     and hangs on waiting on a read from the 'reply' queue.
+         *  3. The high priority thread in the HAL module wakes up due to 2.
+         *  4. The HAL module reads the command and audio data.
+         *  5. The HAL module writes the command status and current positions
+         *     into 'reply' queue, and hangs on waiting on a read from
+         *     the 'command' queue.
+         *
+         * For input streams the following sequence of operations is used:
+         *  1. The client writes the 'BURST' command into the 'command' queue,
+         *     and hangs on waiting on a read from the 'reply' queue.
+         *  2. The high priority thread in the HAL module wakes up due to 1.
+         *  3. The HAL module puts audio data into the 'audio.fmq' queue.
+         *  4. The HAL module writes the command status and current positions
+         *     into 'reply' queue, and hangs on waiting on a read from
+         *     the 'command' queue.
+         *  5. The client wakes up due to 4.
+         *  6. The client reads the reply and audio data.
+         */
+        MQDescriptor<byte, UnsynchronizedWrite> fmq;
+        /**
+         * MMap buffers are shared directly with the DSP, which operates
+         * independently from the CPU. Writes and reads into these buffers
+         * are not synchronized with 'command' and 'reply' queues. However,
+         * the client still uses the 'BURST' command for obtaining current
+         * positions from the HAL module.
+         */
+        MmapBufferDescriptor mmap;
+    }
+    AudioBuffer audio;
+}
diff --git a/audio/aidl/common/Android.bp b/audio/aidl/common/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..37da9d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/common/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+cc_library_headers {
+    name: "libaudioaidlcommon",
+    host_supported: true,
+    vendor_available: true,
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    header_libs: [
+        "libbase_headers",
+        "libsystem_headers",
+    ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "libbase_headers",
+        "libsystem_headers",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "libaudioaidlcommon_test",
+    host_supported: true,
+    vendor_available: true,
+    header_libs: [
+        "libaudioaidlcommon",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "liblog",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Wextra",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-Wthread-safety",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "tests/streamworker_tests.cpp",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/audio/aidl/common/TEST_MAPPING b/audio/aidl/common/TEST_MAPPING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9dcf44e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/common/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "presubmit": [
+    {
+      "name": "libaudioaidlcommon_test"
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/audio/aidl/common/include/StreamWorker.h b/audio/aidl/common/include/StreamWorker.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7764904
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/common/include/StreamWorker.h
@@ -0,0 +1,220 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <sched.h>
+#include <sys/resource.h>
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <system/thread_defs.h>
+
+template <typename Impl>
+class StreamWorker {
+    enum class WorkerState { STOPPED, RUNNING, PAUSE_REQUESTED, PAUSED, RESUME_REQUESTED };
+
+  public:
+    StreamWorker() = default;
+    ~StreamWorker() { stop(); }
+    // Note that 'priority' here is what is known as the 'nice number' in *nix systems.
+    // The nice number is used with the default scheduler. For threads that
+    // need to use a specialized scheduler (e.g. SCHED_FIFO) and set the priority within it,
+    // it is recommended to implement an appropriate configuration sequence within `workerInit`.
+    bool start(const std::string& name = "", int priority = ANDROID_PRIORITY_DEFAULT) {
+        mThreadName = name;
+        mThreadPriority = priority;
+        mWorker = std::thread(&StreamWorker::workerThread, this);
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mWorkerLock);
+        android::base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mWorkerLock);
+        mWorkerCv.wait(lock, [&]() {
+            android::base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mWorkerLock);
+            return mWorkerState == WorkerState::RUNNING || !mError.empty();
+        });
+        mWorkerStateChangeRequest = false;
+        return mWorkerState == WorkerState::RUNNING;
+    }
+    void pause() { switchWorkerStateSync(WorkerState::RUNNING, WorkerState::PAUSE_REQUESTED); }
+    void resume() { switchWorkerStateSync(WorkerState::PAUSED, WorkerState::RESUME_REQUESTED); }
+    bool hasError() {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mWorkerLock);
+        return !mError.empty();
+    }
+    std::string getError() {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mWorkerLock);
+        return mError;
+    }
+    void stop() {
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mWorkerLock);
+            if (mError.empty()) {
+                if (mWorkerState == WorkerState::STOPPED) return;
+                mWorkerState = WorkerState::STOPPED;
+                mWorkerStateChangeRequest = true;
+            }
+        }
+        if (mWorker.joinable()) {
+            mWorker.join();
+        }
+    }
+    bool waitForAtLeastOneCycle() {
+        WorkerState newState;
+        switchWorkerStateSync(WorkerState::RUNNING, WorkerState::PAUSE_REQUESTED, &newState);
+        if (newState != WorkerState::PAUSED) return false;
+        switchWorkerStateSync(newState, WorkerState::RESUME_REQUESTED, &newState);
+        return newState == WorkerState::RUNNING;
+    }
+    // Only used by unit tests.
+    void testLockUnlockMutex(bool lock) NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS {
+        lock ? mWorkerLock.lock() : mWorkerLock.unlock();
+    }
+    std::thread::native_handle_type testGetThreadNativeHandle() { return mWorker.native_handle(); }
+
+    // Methods that need to be provided by subclasses:
+    //
+    // Called once at the beginning of the thread loop. Must return
+    // an empty string to enter the thread loop, otherwise the thread loop
+    // exits and the worker switches into the 'error' state, setting
+    // the error to the returned value.
+    // std::string workerInit();
+    //
+    // Called for each thread loop unless the thread is in 'paused' state.
+    // Must return 'true' to continue running, otherwise the thread loop
+    // exits and the worker switches into the 'error' state with a generic
+    // error message. It is recommended that the subclass reports any
+    // problems via logging facilities.
+    // bool workerCycle();
+
+  private:
+    void switchWorkerStateSync(WorkerState oldState, WorkerState newState,
+                               WorkerState* finalState = nullptr) {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mWorkerLock);
+        android::base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mWorkerLock);
+        if (mWorkerState != oldState) {
+            if (finalState) *finalState = mWorkerState;
+            return;
+        }
+        mWorkerState = newState;
+        mWorkerStateChangeRequest = true;
+        mWorkerCv.wait(lock, [&]() {
+            android::base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mWorkerLock);
+            return mWorkerState != newState;
+        });
+        if (finalState) *finalState = mWorkerState;
+    }
+    void workerThread() {
+        std::string error = static_cast<Impl*>(this)->workerInit();
+        if (error.empty() && !mThreadName.empty()) {
+            std::string compliantName(mThreadName.substr(0, 15));
+            if (int errCode = pthread_setname_np(pthread_self(), compliantName.c_str());
+                errCode != 0) {
+                error.append("Failed to set thread name: ").append(strerror(errCode));
+            }
+        }
+        if (error.empty() && mThreadPriority != ANDROID_PRIORITY_DEFAULT) {
+            if (int result = setpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0, mThreadPriority); result != 0) {
+                int errCode = errno;
+                error.append("Failed to set thread priority: ").append(strerror(errCode));
+            }
+        }
+        {
+            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mWorkerLock);
+            mWorkerState = error.empty() ? WorkerState::RUNNING : WorkerState::STOPPED;
+            mError = error;
+        }
+        mWorkerCv.notify_one();
+        if (!error.empty()) return;
+
+        for (WorkerState state = WorkerState::RUNNING; state != WorkerState::STOPPED;) {
+            bool needToNotify = false;
+            if (state != WorkerState::PAUSED ? static_cast<Impl*>(this)->workerCycle()
+                                             : (sched_yield(), true)) {
+                {
+                    // See https://developer.android.com/training/articles/smp#nonracing
+                    android::base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mWorkerLock);
+                    if (!mWorkerStateChangeRequest.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) continue;
+                }
+                //
+                // Pause and resume are synchronous. One worker cycle must complete
+                // before the worker indicates a state change. This is how 'mWorkerState' and
+                // 'state' interact:
+                //
+                // mWorkerState == RUNNING
+                // client sets mWorkerState := PAUSE_REQUESTED
+                // last workerCycle gets executed, state := mWorkerState := PAUSED by us
+                //   (or the workers enters the 'error' state if workerCycle fails)
+                // client gets notified about state change in any case
+                // thread is doing a busy wait while 'state == PAUSED'
+                // client sets mWorkerState := RESUME_REQUESTED
+                // state := mWorkerState (RESUME_REQUESTED)
+                // mWorkerState := RUNNING, but we don't notify the client yet
+                // first workerCycle gets executed, the code below triggers a client notification
+                //   (or if workerCycle fails, worker enters 'error' state and also notifies)
+                // state := mWorkerState (RUNNING)
+                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mWorkerLock);
+                if (state == WorkerState::RESUME_REQUESTED) {
+                    needToNotify = true;
+                }
+                state = mWorkerState;
+                if (mWorkerState == WorkerState::PAUSE_REQUESTED) {
+                    state = mWorkerState = WorkerState::PAUSED;
+                    needToNotify = true;
+                } else if (mWorkerState == WorkerState::RESUME_REQUESTED) {
+                    mWorkerState = WorkerState::RUNNING;
+                }
+            } else {
+                std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mWorkerLock);
+                if (state == WorkerState::RESUME_REQUESTED ||
+                    mWorkerState == WorkerState::PAUSE_REQUESTED) {
+                    needToNotify = true;
+                }
+                state = mWorkerState = WorkerState::STOPPED;
+                mError = "workerCycle failed";
+            }
+            if (needToNotify) {
+                {
+                    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mWorkerLock);
+                    mWorkerStateChangeRequest = false;
+                }
+                mWorkerCv.notify_one();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::string mThreadName;
+    int mThreadPriority = ANDROID_PRIORITY_DEFAULT;
+    std::thread mWorker;
+    std::mutex mWorkerLock;
+    std::condition_variable mWorkerCv;
+    WorkerState mWorkerState GUARDED_BY(mWorkerLock) = WorkerState::STOPPED;
+    std::string mError GUARDED_BY(mWorkerLock);
+    // The atomic lock-free variable is used to prevent priority inversions
+    // that can occur when a high priority worker tries to acquire the lock
+    // which has been taken by a lower priority control thread which in its turn
+    // got preempted. To prevent a PI under normal operating conditions, that is,
+    // when there are no errors or state changes, the worker does not attempt
+    // taking `mWorkerLock` unless `mWorkerStateChangeRequest` is set.
+    // To make sure that updates to `mWorkerState` and `mWorkerStateChangeRequest`
+    // are serialized, they are always made under a lock.
+    static_assert(std::atomic<bool>::is_always_lock_free);
+    std::atomic<bool> mWorkerStateChangeRequest GUARDED_BY(mWorkerLock) = false;
+};
diff --git a/audio/aidl/common/tests/streamworker_tests.cpp b/audio/aidl/common/tests/streamworker_tests.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9fb1a8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/common/tests/streamworker_tests.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <sched.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <atomic>
+
+#include <StreamWorker.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#define LOG_TAG "StreamWorker_Test"
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+struct TestStream {
+    std::atomic<bool> error = false;
+};
+
+class TestWorker : public StreamWorker<TestWorker> {
+  public:
+    // Use nullptr to test error reporting from the worker thread.
+    explicit TestWorker(TestStream* stream) : mStream(stream) {}
+
+    size_t getWorkerCycles() const { return mWorkerCycles; }
+    int getPriority() const { return mPriority; }
+    bool hasWorkerCycleCalled() const { return mWorkerCycles != 0; }
+    bool hasNoWorkerCycleCalled(useconds_t usec) {
+        const size_t cyclesBefore = mWorkerCycles;
+        usleep(usec);
+        return mWorkerCycles == cyclesBefore;
+    }
+
+    std::string workerInit() { return mStream != nullptr ? "" : "Expected error"; }
+    bool workerCycle() {
+        mPriority = getpriority(PRIO_PROCESS, 0);
+        do {
+            mWorkerCycles++;
+        } while (mWorkerCycles == 0);
+        return !mStream->error;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    TestStream* const mStream;
+    std::atomic<size_t> mWorkerCycles = 0;
+    std::atomic<int> mPriority = ANDROID_PRIORITY_DEFAULT;
+};
+
+// The parameter specifies whether an extra call to 'stop' is made at the end.
+class StreamWorkerInvalidTest : public testing::TestWithParam<bool> {
+  public:
+    StreamWorkerInvalidTest() : StreamWorkerInvalidTest(nullptr) {}
+    void TearDown() override {
+        if (GetParam()) {
+            worker.stop();
+        }
+    }
+
+  protected:
+    StreamWorkerInvalidTest(TestStream* stream) : testing::TestWithParam<bool>(), worker(stream) {}
+    TestWorker worker;
+};
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerInvalidTest, Uninitialized) {
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasWorkerCycleCalled());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerInvalidTest, UninitializedPauseIgnored) {
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+    worker.pause();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerInvalidTest, UninitializedResumeIgnored) {
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+    worker.resume();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerInvalidTest, Start) {
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.start());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasWorkerCycleCalled());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerInvalidTest, PauseIgnored) {
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.start());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasError());
+    worker.pause();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerInvalidTest, ResumeIgnored) {
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.start());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasError());
+    worker.resume();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(StreamWorkerInvalid, StreamWorkerInvalidTest, testing::Bool());
+
+class StreamWorkerTest : public StreamWorkerInvalidTest {
+  public:
+    StreamWorkerTest() : StreamWorkerInvalidTest(&stream) {}
+
+  protected:
+    TestStream stream;
+};
+
+static constexpr unsigned kWorkerIdleCheckTime = 50 * 1000;
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, Uninitialized) {
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasWorkerCycleCalled());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, Start) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start());
+    worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, WorkerError) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start());
+    stream.error = true;
+    worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasError());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasNoWorkerCycleCalled(kWorkerIdleCheckTime));
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, PauseResume) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start());
+    worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+    worker.pause();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasNoWorkerCycleCalled(kWorkerIdleCheckTime));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+    const size_t workerCyclesBefore = worker.getWorkerCycles();
+    worker.resume();
+    // 'resume' is synchronous and returns after the worker has looped at least once.
+    EXPECT_GT(worker.getWorkerCycles(), workerCyclesBefore);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, StopPaused) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start());
+    worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+    worker.pause();
+    worker.stop();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, PauseAfterErrorIgnored) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start());
+    stream.error = true;
+    worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasError());
+    worker.pause();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasNoWorkerCycleCalled(kWorkerIdleCheckTime));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, ResumeAfterErrorIgnored) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start());
+    stream.error = true;
+    worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasError());
+    worker.resume();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasNoWorkerCycleCalled(kWorkerIdleCheckTime));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, WorkerErrorOnResume) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start());
+    worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+    worker.pause();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+    stream.error = true;
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+    worker.resume();
+    worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasError());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasNoWorkerCycleCalled(kWorkerIdleCheckTime));
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, WaitForAtLeastOneCycle) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start());
+    const size_t workerCyclesBefore = worker.getWorkerCycles();
+    EXPECT_TRUE(worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle());
+    EXPECT_GT(worker.getWorkerCycles(), workerCyclesBefore);
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, WaitForAtLeastOneCycleError) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start());
+    stream.error = true;
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, MutexDoesNotBlockWorker) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start());
+    const size_t workerCyclesBefore = worker.getWorkerCycles();
+    worker.testLockUnlockMutex(true);
+    while (worker.getWorkerCycles() == workerCyclesBefore) {
+        usleep(kWorkerIdleCheckTime);
+    }
+    worker.testLockUnlockMutex(false);
+    worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, ThreadName) {
+    const std::string workerName = "TestWorker";
+    ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start(workerName)) << worker.getError();
+    char nameBuf[128];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pthread_getname_np(worker.testGetThreadNativeHandle(), nameBuf, sizeof(nameBuf)));
+    EXPECT_EQ(workerName, nameBuf);
+}
+
+TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, ThreadPriority) {
+    const int priority = ANDROID_PRIORITY_LOWEST;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start("", priority)) << worker.getError();
+    worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle();
+    EXPECT_EQ(priority, worker.getPriority());
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(StreamWorker, StreamWorkerTest, testing::Bool());
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/Android.bp b/audio/aidl/default/Android.bp
index ad1d9c7..027d928 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
         "libstagefright_foundation",
         "android.media.audio.common.types-V1-ndk",
         "android.hardware.audio.core-V1-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.common-V2-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1-ndk",
     ],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     srcs: [
@@ -41,6 +43,8 @@
         "libstagefright_foundation",
         "android.media.audio.common.types-V1-ndk",
         "android.hardware.audio.core-V1-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.common-V2-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1-ndk",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "libaudioserviceexampleimpl",
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/Module.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/Module.cpp
index 5b4d48a..1c6f90a 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/Module.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/Module.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,9 @@
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioChannelLayout;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatDescription;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatType;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioIoFlags;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOutputFlags;
@@ -36,6 +38,7 @@
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortExt;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioProfile;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::Int;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::PcmType;
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
 
@@ -69,6 +72,49 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+constexpr size_t getPcmSampleSizeInBytes(PcmType pcm) {
+    switch (pcm) {
+        case PcmType::UINT_8_BIT:
+            return 1;
+        case PcmType::INT_16_BIT:
+            return 2;
+        case PcmType::INT_32_BIT:
+            return 4;
+        case PcmType::FIXED_Q_8_24:
+            return 4;
+        case PcmType::FLOAT_32_BIT:
+            return 4;
+        case PcmType::INT_24_BIT:
+            return 3;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+constexpr size_t getChannelCount(const AudioChannelLayout& layout) {
+    using Tag = AudioChannelLayout::Tag;
+    switch (layout.getTag()) {
+        case Tag::none:
+            return 0;
+        case Tag::invalid:
+            return 0;
+        case Tag::indexMask:
+            return __builtin_popcount(layout.get<Tag::indexMask>());
+        case Tag::layoutMask:
+            return __builtin_popcount(layout.get<Tag::layoutMask>());
+        case Tag::voiceMask:
+            return __builtin_popcount(layout.get<Tag::voiceMask>());
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+size_t getFrameSizeInBytes(const AudioFormatDescription& format, const AudioChannelLayout& layout) {
+    if (format.type == AudioFormatType::PCM) {
+        return getPcmSampleSizeInBytes(format.pcm) * getChannelCount(layout);
+    }
+    // For non-PCM formats always use frame size of 1.
+    return 1;
+}
+
 bool findAudioProfile(const AudioPort& port, const AudioFormatDescription& format,
                       AudioProfile* profile) {
     if (auto profilesIt =
@@ -111,6 +157,78 @@
     erase_all_values(mPatches, erasedPatches);
 }
 
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Module::createStreamDescriptor(int32_t in_portConfigId,
+                                                  int64_t in_bufferSizeFrames,
+                                                  StreamDescriptor* out_descriptor) {
+    if (in_bufferSizeFrames <= 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": non-positive buffer size " << in_bufferSizeFrames;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    if (in_bufferSizeFrames < kMinimumStreamBufferSizeFrames) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": insufficient buffer size " << in_bufferSizeFrames
+                   << ", must be at least " << kMinimumStreamBufferSizeFrames;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    auto& configs = getConfig().portConfigs;
+    auto portConfigIt = findById<AudioPortConfig>(configs, in_portConfigId);
+    // Since 'createStreamDescriptor' is an internal method, it is assumed that
+    // validity of the portConfigId has already been checked.
+    const size_t frameSize =
+            getFrameSizeInBytes(portConfigIt->format.value(), portConfigIt->channelMask.value());
+    if (frameSize == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": could not calculate frame size for port config "
+                   << portConfigIt->toString();
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": frame size " << frameSize << " bytes";
+    if (frameSize > kMaximumStreamBufferSizeBytes / in_bufferSizeFrames) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": buffer size " << in_bufferSizeFrames
+                   << " frames is too large, maximum size is "
+                   << kMaximumStreamBufferSizeBytes / frameSize;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    (void)out_descriptor;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Module::findPortIdForNewStream(int32_t in_portConfigId, AudioPort** port) {
+    auto& configs = getConfig().portConfigs;
+    auto portConfigIt = findById<AudioPortConfig>(configs, in_portConfigId);
+    if (portConfigIt == configs.end()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": existing port config id " << in_portConfigId << " not found";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    const int32_t portId = portConfigIt->portId;
+    // In our implementation, configs of mix ports always have unique IDs.
+    CHECK(portId != in_portConfigId);
+    auto& ports = getConfig().ports;
+    auto portIt = findById<AudioPort>(ports, portId);
+    if (portIt == ports.end()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port id " << portId << " used by port config id "
+                   << in_portConfigId << " not found";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    if (mStreams.count(in_portConfigId) != 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port config id " << in_portConfigId
+                   << " already has a stream opened on it";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+    }
+    if (portIt->ext.getTag() != AudioPortExt::Tag::mix) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port config id " << in_portConfigId
+                   << " does not correspond to a mix port";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    const int32_t maxOpenStreamCount = portIt->ext.get<AudioPortExt::Tag::mix>().maxOpenStreamCount;
+    if (maxOpenStreamCount != 0 && mStreams.count(portId) >= maxOpenStreamCount) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port id " << portId
+                   << " has already reached maximum allowed opened stream count: "
+                   << maxOpenStreamCount;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+    }
+    *port = &(*portIt);
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
 internal::Configuration& Module::getConfig() {
     if (!mConfig) {
         mConfig.reset(new internal::Configuration(internal::getNullPrimaryConfiguration()));
@@ -336,98 +454,59 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus Module::openInputStream(int32_t in_portConfigId,
-                                           const SinkMetadata& in_sinkMetadata,
-                                           std::shared_ptr<IStreamIn>* _aidl_return) {
-    auto& configs = getConfig().portConfigs;
-    auto portConfigIt = findById<AudioPortConfig>(configs, in_portConfigId);
-    if (portConfigIt == configs.end()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": existing port config id " << in_portConfigId << " not found";
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Module::openInputStream(const OpenInputStreamArguments& in_args,
+                                           OpenInputStreamReturn* _aidl_return) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": port config id " << in_args.portConfigId << ", buffer size "
+               << in_args.bufferSizeFrames << " frames";
+    AudioPort* port = nullptr;
+    if (auto status = findPortIdForNewStream(in_args.portConfigId, &port); !status.isOk()) {
+        return status;
     }
-    const int32_t portId = portConfigIt->portId;
-    // In our implementation, configs of mix ports always have unique IDs.
-    CHECK(portId != in_portConfigId);
-    auto& ports = getConfig().ports;
-    auto portIt = findById<AudioPort>(ports, portId);
-    if (portIt == ports.end()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port id " << portId << " used by port config id "
-                   << in_portConfigId << " not found";
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
-    }
-    if (portIt->flags.getTag() != AudioIoFlags::Tag::input ||
-        portIt->ext.getTag() != AudioPortExt::Tag::mix) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port config id " << in_portConfigId
+    if (port->flags.getTag() != AudioIoFlags::Tag::input) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port config id " << in_args.portConfigId
                    << " does not correspond to an input mix port";
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
     }
-    if (mStreams.count(in_portConfigId) != 0) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port config id " << in_portConfigId
-                   << " already has a stream opened on it";
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+    if (auto status = createStreamDescriptor(in_args.portConfigId, in_args.bufferSizeFrames,
+                                             &_aidl_return->desc);
+        !status.isOk()) {
+        return status;
     }
-    const int32_t maxOpenStreamCount = portIt->ext.get<AudioPortExt::Tag::mix>().maxOpenStreamCount;
-    if (maxOpenStreamCount != 0 && mStreams.count(portId) >= maxOpenStreamCount) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port id " << portId
-                   << " has already reached maximum allowed opened stream count: "
-                   << maxOpenStreamCount;
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
-    }
-    auto stream = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<StreamIn>(in_sinkMetadata);
-    mStreams.insert(portId, in_portConfigId, StreamWrapper(stream));
-    *_aidl_return = std::move(stream);
+    auto stream = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<StreamIn>(in_args.sinkMetadata);
+    mStreams.insert(port->id, in_args.portConfigId, StreamWrapper(stream));
+    _aidl_return->stream = std::move(stream);
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus Module::openOutputStream(int32_t in_portConfigId,
-                                            const SourceMetadata& in_sourceMetadata,
-                                            const std::optional<AudioOffloadInfo>& in_offloadInfo,
-                                            std::shared_ptr<IStreamOut>* _aidl_return) {
-    auto& configs = getConfig().portConfigs;
-    auto portConfigIt = findById<AudioPortConfig>(configs, in_portConfigId);
-    if (portConfigIt == configs.end()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": existing port config id " << in_portConfigId << " not found";
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Module::openOutputStream(const OpenOutputStreamArguments& in_args,
+                                            OpenOutputStreamReturn* _aidl_return) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": port config id " << in_args.portConfigId << ", has offload info? "
+               << (in_args.offloadInfo.has_value()) << ", buffer size " << in_args.bufferSizeFrames
+               << " frames";
+    AudioPort* port = nullptr;
+    if (auto status = findPortIdForNewStream(in_args.portConfigId, &port); !status.isOk()) {
+        return status;
     }
-    const int32_t portId = portConfigIt->portId;
-    // In our implementation, configs of mix ports always have unique IDs.
-    CHECK(portId != in_portConfigId);
-    auto& ports = getConfig().ports;
-    auto portIt = findById<AudioPort>(ports, portId);
-    if (portIt == ports.end()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port id " << portId << " used by port config id "
-                   << in_portConfigId << " not found";
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
-    }
-    if (portIt->flags.getTag() != AudioIoFlags::Tag::output ||
-        portIt->ext.getTag() != AudioPortExt::Tag::mix) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port config id " << in_portConfigId
+    if (port->flags.getTag() != AudioIoFlags::Tag::output) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port config id " << in_args.portConfigId
                    << " does not correspond to an output mix port";
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
     }
-    if (portConfigIt->flags.has_value() &&
-        ((portConfigIt->flags.value().get<AudioIoFlags::Tag::output>() &
-          1 << static_cast<int32_t>(AudioOutputFlags::COMPRESS_OFFLOAD)) != 0) &&
-        !in_offloadInfo.has_value()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port config id " << in_portConfigId
+    if ((port->flags.get<AudioIoFlags::Tag::output>() &
+         1 << static_cast<int32_t>(AudioOutputFlags::COMPRESS_OFFLOAD)) != 0 &&
+        !in_args.offloadInfo.has_value()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port id " << port->id
                    << " has COMPRESS_OFFLOAD flag set, requires offload info";
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
     }
-    if (mStreams.count(in_portConfigId) != 0) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port config id " << in_portConfigId
-                   << " already has a stream opened on it";
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+    if (auto status = createStreamDescriptor(in_args.portConfigId, in_args.bufferSizeFrames,
+                                             &_aidl_return->desc);
+        !status.isOk()) {
+        return status;
     }
-    const int32_t maxOpenStreamCount = portIt->ext.get<AudioPortExt::Tag::mix>().maxOpenStreamCount;
-    if (maxOpenStreamCount != 0 && mStreams.count(portId) >= maxOpenStreamCount) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port id " << portId
-                   << " has already reached maximum allowed opened stream count: "
-                   << maxOpenStreamCount;
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
-    }
-    auto stream = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<StreamOut>(in_sourceMetadata, in_offloadInfo);
-    mStreams.insert(portId, in_portConfigId, StreamWrapper(stream));
-    *_aidl_return = std::move(stream);
+    auto stream = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<StreamOut>(in_args.sourceMetadata, in_args.offloadInfo);
+    mStreams.insert(port->id, in_args.portConfigId, StreamWrapper(stream));
+    _aidl_return->stream = std::move(stream);
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -512,6 +591,10 @@
         }
     }
     *_aidl_return = in_requested;
+    _aidl_return->minimumStreamBufferSizeFrames = kMinimumStreamBufferSizeFrames;
+    _aidl_return->latenciesMs.clear();
+    _aidl_return->latenciesMs.insert(_aidl_return->latenciesMs.end(),
+                                     _aidl_return->sinkPortConfigIds.size(), kLatencyMs);
     if (existing == patches.end()) {
         _aidl_return->id = getConfig().nextPatchId++;
         patches.push_back(*_aidl_return);
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/Stream.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/Stream.cpp
index e16b2c6..ab3e451 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/Stream.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/Stream.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
  */
 
 #define LOG_TAG "AHAL_Stream"
-#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
 #include "core-impl/Stream.h"
@@ -26,7 +25,9 @@
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
 
-StreamIn::StreamIn(const SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata) : mMetadata(sinkMetadata) {}
+StreamIn::StreamIn(const SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata) : mMetadata(sinkMetadata) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
+}
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamIn::close() {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
@@ -51,7 +52,9 @@
 
 StreamOut::StreamOut(const SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
                      const std::optional<AudioOffloadInfo>& offloadInfo)
-    : mMetadata(sourceMetadata), mOffloadInfo(offloadInfo) {}
+    : mMetadata(sourceMetadata), mOffloadInfo(offloadInfo) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
+}
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamOut::close() {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Module.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Module.h
index 81a02ba..f7e14af 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Module.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Module.h
@@ -48,15 +48,15 @@
             int32_t in_portId,
             std::vector<::aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::AudioRoute>* _aidl_return) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus openInputStream(
-            int32_t in_portConfigId,
-            const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata& in_sinkMetadata,
-            std::shared_ptr<IStreamIn>* _aidl_return) override;
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenInputStreamArguments&
+                    in_args,
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenInputStreamReturn* _aidl_return)
+            override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus openOutputStream(
-            int32_t in_portConfigId,
-            const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata& in_sourceMetadata,
-            const std::optional<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo>&
-                    in_offloadInfo,
-            std::shared_ptr<IStreamOut>* _aidl_return) override;
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenOutputStreamArguments&
+                    in_args,
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenOutputStreamReturn* _aidl_return)
+            override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus setAudioPatch(const AudioPatch& in_requested,
                                      AudioPatch* _aidl_return) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus setAudioPortConfig(
@@ -69,9 +69,21 @@
   private:
     void cleanUpPatch(int32_t patchId);
     void cleanUpPatches(int32_t portConfigId);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus createStreamDescriptor(
+            int32_t in_portConfigId, int64_t in_bufferSizeFrames,
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::StreamDescriptor* out_descriptor);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus findPortIdForNewStream(
+            int32_t in_portConfigId, ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort** port);
     internal::Configuration& getConfig();
     void registerPatch(const AudioPatch& patch);
 
+    // This value is used for all AudioPatches.
+    static constexpr int32_t kMinimumStreamBufferSizeFrames = 16;
+    // This value is used for all AudioPatches.
+    static constexpr int32_t kLatencyMs = 10;
+    // The maximum stream buffer size is 1 GiB = 2 ** 30 bytes;
+    static constexpr int32_t kMaximumStreamBufferSizeBytes = 1 << 30;
+
     std::unique_ptr<internal::Configuration> mConfig;
     ModuleDebug mDebug;
     // ids of ports created at runtime via 'connectExternalDevice'.
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp b/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp
index cd5915b..75ff37f 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common-V1-ndk",
         "android.hardware.audio.core-V1-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.common-V2-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1-ndk",
         "android.media.audio.common.types-V1-ndk",
     ],
     test_suites: [
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.cpp
index bb24365..0ecc057 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.cpp
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <condition_variable>
+#include <limits>
 #include <memory>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <optional>
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IStreamIn;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IStreamOut;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::ModuleDebug;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::StreamDescriptor;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioContentType;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress;
@@ -225,6 +227,9 @@
 
 class AudioCoreModule : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
+    // The default buffer size is used mostly for negative tests.
+    static constexpr int kDefaultBufferSize = 256;
+
     void SetUp() override {
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ConnectToService());
         debug.flags().simulateDeviceConnections = true;
@@ -382,13 +387,14 @@
         }
     }
     void SetUpPortConfig(IModule* module) { ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mPortConfig.SetUp(module)); }
-    ScopedAStatus SetUpNoChecks(IModule* module) {
-        return SetUpNoChecks(module, mPortConfig.get());
+    ScopedAStatus SetUpNoChecks(IModule* module, long bufferSize) {
+        return SetUpNoChecks(module, mPortConfig.get(), bufferSize);
     }
-    ScopedAStatus SetUpNoChecks(IModule* module, const AudioPortConfig& portConfig);
-    void SetUp(IModule* module) {
+    ScopedAStatus SetUpNoChecks(IModule* module, const AudioPortConfig& portConfig,
+                                long bufferSize);
+    void SetUp(IModule* module, long bufferSize) {
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetUpPortConfig(module));
-        ScopedAStatus status = SetUpNoChecks(module);
+        ScopedAStatus status = SetUpNoChecks(module, bufferSize);
         ASSERT_EQ(EX_NONE, status.getExceptionCode())
                 << status << "; port config id " << getPortId();
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mStream) << "; port config id " << getPortId();
@@ -401,6 +407,7 @@
   private:
     WithAudioPortConfig mPortConfig;
     std::shared_ptr<Stream> mStream;
+    StreamDescriptor mDescriptor;
 };
 
 SinkMetadata GenerateSinkMetadata(const AudioPortConfig& portConfig) {
@@ -415,8 +422,19 @@
 
 template <>
 ScopedAStatus WithStream<IStreamIn>::SetUpNoChecks(IModule* module,
-                                                   const AudioPortConfig& portConfig) {
-    return module->openInputStream(portConfig.id, GenerateSinkMetadata(portConfig), &mStream);
+                                                   const AudioPortConfig& portConfig,
+                                                   long bufferSize) {
+    aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenInputStreamArguments args;
+    args.portConfigId = portConfig.id;
+    args.sinkMetadata = GenerateSinkMetadata(portConfig);
+    args.bufferSizeFrames = bufferSize;
+    aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenInputStreamReturn ret;
+    ScopedAStatus status = module->openInputStream(args, &ret);
+    if (status.isOk()) {
+        mStream = std::move(ret.stream);
+        mDescriptor = std::move(ret.desc);
+    }
+    return status;
 }
 
 SourceMetadata GenerateSourceMetadata(const AudioPortConfig& portConfig) {
@@ -432,10 +450,20 @@
 
 template <>
 ScopedAStatus WithStream<IStreamOut>::SetUpNoChecks(IModule* module,
-                                                    const AudioPortConfig& portConfig) {
-    return module->openOutputStream(portConfig.id, GenerateSourceMetadata(portConfig),
-                                    ModuleConfig::generateOffloadInfoIfNeeded(portConfig),
-                                    &mStream);
+                                                    const AudioPortConfig& portConfig,
+                                                    long bufferSize) {
+    aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenOutputStreamArguments args;
+    args.portConfigId = portConfig.id;
+    args.sourceMetadata = GenerateSourceMetadata(portConfig);
+    args.offloadInfo = ModuleConfig::generateOffloadInfoIfNeeded(portConfig);
+    args.bufferSizeFrames = bufferSize;
+    aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenOutputStreamReturn ret;
+    ScopedAStatus status = module->openOutputStream(args, &ret);
+    if (status.isOk()) {
+        mStream = std::move(ret.stream);
+        mDescriptor = std::move(ret.desc);
+    }
+    return status;
 }
 
 class WithAudioPatch {
@@ -467,6 +495,10 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(EX_NONE, status.getExceptionCode())
                 << status << "; source port config id " << mSrcPortConfig.getId()
                 << "; sink port config id " << mSinkPortConfig.getId();
+        EXPECT_GT(mPatch.minimumStreamBufferSizeFrames, 0) << "patch id " << getId();
+        for (auto latencyMs : mPatch.latenciesMs) {
+            EXPECT_GT(latencyMs, 0) << "patch id " << getId();
+        }
     }
     int32_t getId() const { return mPatch.id; }
     const AudioPatch& get() const { return mPatch; }
@@ -739,18 +771,24 @@
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(GetAllPortConfigIds(&portConfigIds));
     for (const auto portConfigId : GetNonExistentIds(portConfigIds)) {
         {
-            std::shared_ptr<IStreamIn> stream;
-            ScopedAStatus status = module->openInputStream(portConfigId, {}, &stream);
+            aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenInputStreamArguments args;
+            args.portConfigId = portConfigId;
+            args.bufferSizeFrames = kDefaultBufferSize;
+            aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenInputStreamReturn ret;
+            ScopedAStatus status = module->openInputStream(args, &ret);
             EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode())
                     << status << " openInputStream returned for port config ID " << portConfigId;
-            EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, stream);
+            EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, ret.stream);
         }
         {
-            std::shared_ptr<IStreamOut> stream;
-            ScopedAStatus status = module->openOutputStream(portConfigId, {}, {}, &stream);
+            aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenOutputStreamArguments args;
+            args.portConfigId = portConfigId;
+            args.bufferSizeFrames = kDefaultBufferSize;
+            aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenOutputStreamReturn ret;
+            ScopedAStatus status = module->openOutputStream(args, &ret);
             EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode())
                     << status << " openOutputStream returned for port config ID " << portConfigId;
-            EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, stream);
+            EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, ret.stream);
         }
     }
 }
@@ -1120,7 +1158,7 @@
         std::shared_ptr<Stream> heldStream;
         {
             WithStream<Stream> stream(portConfig.value());
-            ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUp(module.get()));
+            ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUp(module.get(), kDefaultBufferSize));
             heldStream = stream.getSharedPointer();
         }
         ScopedAStatus status = heldStream->close();
@@ -1132,10 +1170,43 @@
         const auto allPortConfigs = moduleConfig->getPortConfigsForMixPorts(IsInput<Stream>());
         for (const auto& portConfig : allPortConfigs) {
             WithStream<Stream> stream(portConfig);
-            ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUp(module.get()));
+            ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUp(module.get(), kDefaultBufferSize));
         }
     }
 
+    void OpenInvalidBufferSize() {
+        const auto portConfig = moduleConfig->getSingleConfigForMixPort(IsInput<Stream>());
+        if (!portConfig.has_value()) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "No mix port for attached devices";
+        }
+        WithStream<Stream> stream(portConfig.value());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUpPortConfig(module.get()));
+        // The buffer size of 1 frame should be impractically small, and thus
+        // less than any minimum buffer size suggested by any HAL.
+        for (long bufferSize : std::array<long, 4>{-1, 0, 1, std::numeric_limits<long>::max()}) {
+            ScopedAStatus status = stream.SetUpNoChecks(module.get(), bufferSize);
+            EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode())
+                    << status << " open" << direction(true) << "Stream returned for " << bufferSize
+                    << " buffer size";
+            EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, stream.get());
+        }
+    }
+
+    void OpenInvalidDirection() {
+        // Important! The direction of the port config must be reversed.
+        const auto portConfig = moduleConfig->getSingleConfigForMixPort(!IsInput<Stream>());
+        if (!portConfig.has_value()) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "No mix port for attached devices";
+        }
+        WithStream<Stream> stream(portConfig.value());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUpPortConfig(module.get()));
+        ScopedAStatus status = stream.SetUpNoChecks(module.get(), kDefaultBufferSize);
+        EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode())
+                << status << " open" << direction(true) << "Stream returned for port config ID "
+                << stream.getPortId();
+        EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, stream.get());
+    }
+
     void OpenOverMaxCount() {
         constexpr bool isInput = IsInput<Stream>();
         auto ports = moduleConfig->getMixPorts(isInput);
@@ -1158,10 +1229,10 @@
                 streamWraps[i].emplace(portConfigs[i]);
                 WithStream<Stream>& stream = streamWraps[i].value();
                 if (i < maxStreamCount) {
-                    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUp(module.get()));
+                    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUp(module.get(), kDefaultBufferSize));
                 } else {
                     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUpPortConfig(module.get()));
-                    ScopedAStatus status = stream.SetUpNoChecks(module.get());
+                    ScopedAStatus status = stream.SetUpNoChecks(module.get(), kDefaultBufferSize);
                     EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE, status.getExceptionCode())
                             << status << " open" << direction(true)
                             << "Stream returned for port config ID " << stream.getPortId()
@@ -1175,21 +1246,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    void OpenInvalidDirection() {
-        // Important! The direction of the port config must be reversed.
-        const auto portConfig = moduleConfig->getSingleConfigForMixPort(!IsInput<Stream>());
-        if (!portConfig.has_value()) {
-            GTEST_SKIP() << "No mix port for attached devices";
-        }
-        WithStream<Stream> stream(portConfig.value());
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUpPortConfig(module.get()));
-        ScopedAStatus status = stream.SetUpNoChecks(module.get());
-        EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode())
-                << status << " open" << direction(true) << "Stream returned for port config ID "
-                << stream.getPortId();
-        EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, stream.get());
-    }
-
     void OpenTwiceSamePortConfig() {
         const auto portConfig = moduleConfig->getSingleConfigForMixPort(IsInput<Stream>());
         if (!portConfig.has_value()) {
@@ -1204,7 +1260,7 @@
             GTEST_SKIP() << "No mix port for attached devices";
         }
         WithStream<Stream> stream(portConfig.value());
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUp(module.get()));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUp(module.get(), kDefaultBufferSize));
         ScopedAStatus status = module->resetAudioPortConfig(stream.getPortId());
         EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE, status.getExceptionCode())
                 << status << " returned for port config ID " << stream.getPortId();
@@ -1212,9 +1268,10 @@
 
     void OpenTwiceSamePortConfigImpl(const AudioPortConfig& portConfig) {
         WithStream<Stream> stream1(portConfig);
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream1.SetUp(module.get()));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream1.SetUp(module.get(), kDefaultBufferSize));
         WithStream<Stream> stream2;
-        ScopedAStatus status = stream2.SetUpNoChecks(module.get(), stream1.getPortConfig());
+        ScopedAStatus status =
+                stream2.SetUpNoChecks(module.get(), stream1.getPortConfig(), kDefaultBufferSize);
         EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE, status.getExceptionCode())
                 << status << " when opening " << direction(false)
                 << " stream twice for the same port config ID " << stream1.getPortId();
@@ -1238,6 +1295,7 @@
 
 TEST_IO_STREAM(CloseTwice);
 TEST_IO_STREAM(OpenAllConfigs);
+TEST_IO_STREAM(OpenInvalidBufferSize);
 TEST_IO_STREAM(OpenInvalidDirection);
 TEST_IO_STREAM(OpenOverMaxCount);
 TEST_IO_STREAM(OpenTwiceSamePortConfig);
@@ -1277,10 +1335,14 @@
     const auto portConfig = moduleConfig->getSingleConfigForMixPort(false, *offloadPortIt);
     ASSERT_TRUE(portConfig.has_value())
             << "No profiles specified for the compressed offload mix port";
+    StreamDescriptor descriptor;
     std::shared_ptr<IStreamOut> ignored;
-    ScopedAStatus status = module->openOutputStream(portConfig.value().id,
-                                                    GenerateSourceMetadata(portConfig.value()),
-                                                    {} /* offloadInfo */, &ignored);
+    aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenOutputStreamArguments args;
+    args.portConfigId = portConfig.value().id;
+    args.sourceMetadata = GenerateSourceMetadata(portConfig.value());
+    args.bufferSizeFrames = kDefaultBufferSize;
+    aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule::OpenOutputStreamReturn ret;
+    ScopedAStatus status = module->openOutputStream(args, &ret);
     EXPECT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode())
             << status
             << " returned when no offload info is provided for a compressed offload mix port";
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
index ffa4c56..c808ff6 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 
 #include <common/all-versions/VersionUtils.h>
 
+#include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
@@ -625,6 +626,10 @@
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetParameterInvalidMaxReplySize) {
     description("Verify that GetParameter caps the maximum reply size");
+    const bool isNewDeviceLaunchingOnTPlus = property_get_int32("ro.vendor.api_level", 0) >= 33;
+    if (!isNewDeviceLaunchingOnTPlus) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "The test only applies to devices launching on T or later";
+    }
     // Use a non-empty parameter to avoid being rejected by any earlier checks.
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> parameter;
     parameter.resize(16);
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/TEST_MAPPING b/automotive/vehicle/TEST_MAPPING
index fa0b791..da8416c 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -7,6 +7,15 @@
       "name": "VehicleHalDefaultConfigTest"
     },
     {
+      "name": "VehicleHalDefaultConfigTestEnableTestProperties"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "JsonConfigLoaderUnitTestEnableTestProperties"
+    },
+    {
       "name": "VehicleHalVehicleUtilsTest"
     },
     {
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleProperty.aidl b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleProperty.aidl
index e8a6c85..1cf8aff 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleProperty.aidl
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleProperty.aidl
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@
      */
     TRACTION_CONTROL_ACTIVE = 0x040B + 0x10000000 + 0x01000000
             + 0x00200000, // VehiclePropertyGroup:SYSTEM,VehicleArea:GLOBAL,VehiclePropertyType:BOOLEAN
-    /*
+    /**
      * HVAC Properties
      *
      * Additional rules for mapping a zoned HVAC property (except
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/Android.bp
deleted file mode 100644
index 0feaf23..0000000
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/Android.bp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package {
-    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
-}
-
-cc_library_headers {
-    name: "VehicleHalDefaultConfig",
-    vendor: true,
-    local_include_dirs: ["include"],
-    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
-    defaults: ["VehicleHalDefaults"],
-    static_libs: ["VehicleHalUtils"],
-    header_libs: ["VehicleHalTestUtilHeaders"],
-    export_static_lib_headers: ["VehicleHalUtils"],
-    export_header_lib_headers: ["VehicleHalTestUtilHeaders"],
-}
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6984d5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "VehicleHalJsonConfigLoader",
+    vendor: true,
+    srcs: ["src/*.cpp"],
+    local_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    defaults: ["VehicleHalDefaults"],
+    static_libs: ["VehicleHalUtils"],
+    header_libs: [
+        "IVehicleGeneratedHeaders",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: ["libjsoncpp"],
+}
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "VehicleHalJsonConfigLoaderEnableTestProperties",
+    vendor: true,
+    srcs: ["src/*.cpp"],
+    local_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    defaults: ["VehicleHalDefaults"],
+    static_libs: ["VehicleHalUtils"],
+    header_libs: [
+        "VehicleHalTestUtilHeaders",
+        "IVehicleGeneratedHeaders",
+    ],
+    cflags: ["-DENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES"],
+    shared_libs: ["libjsoncpp"],
+}
+
+cc_library_headers {
+    name: "VehicleHalJsonConfigLoaderHeaders",
+    vendor: true,
+    local_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    defaults: ["VehicleHalDefaults"],
+    static_libs: ["VehicleHalUtils"],
+    header_libs: [
+        "IVehicleGeneratedHeaders",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: ["libjsoncpp"],
+}
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/include/ConfigDeclaration.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/include/ConfigDeclaration.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40ac129
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/include/ConfigDeclaration.h
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef android_hardware_automotive_vehicle_aidl_impl_default_config_JsonConfigLoader_include_ConfigDeclaration_H_
+#define android_hardware_automotive_vehicle_aidl_impl_default_config_JsonConfigLoader_include_ConfigDeclaration_H_
+
+#include <VehicleHalTypes.h>
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace automotive {
+namespace vehicle {
+
+// ConfigDeclaration represents one property config, its optional initial value and its optional
+// area configs and initial values for each area.
+struct ConfigDeclaration {
+    aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig config;
+
+    // This value will be used as an initial value for the property. If this field is specified for
+    // property that supports multiple areas then it will be used for all areas unless particular
+    // area is overridden in initialAreaValue field.
+    aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::RawPropValues initialValue;
+    // Use initialAreaValues if it is necessary to specify different values per each area.
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::RawPropValues>
+            initialAreaValues;
+
+    inline bool operator==(const ConfigDeclaration& other) const {
+        return (config == other.config && initialValue == other.initialValue &&
+                initialAreaValues == other.initialAreaValues);
+    }
+
+    friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const ConfigDeclaration& c) {
+        return os << "Config Declaration for property: "
+                  << aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::toString(
+                             static_cast<
+                                     aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleProperty>(
+                                     c.config.prop));
+    }
+};
+
+}  // namespace vehicle
+}  // namespace automotive
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // android_hardware_automotive_vehicle_aidl_impl_default_config_JsonConfigLoader_include_ConfigDeclaration_H_
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/include/JsonConfigLoader.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/include/JsonConfigLoader.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3bdbd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/include/JsonConfigLoader.h
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef android_hardware_automotive_vehicle_aidl_impl_default_config_JsonConfigLoader_include_JsonConfigLoader_H_
+#define android_hardware_automotive_vehicle_aidl_impl_default_config_JsonConfigLoader_include_JsonConfigLoader_H_
+
+#include <ConfigDeclaration.h>
+#include <VehicleHalTypes.h>
+
+#include <android-base/result.h>
+#include <json/json.h>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace automotive {
+namespace vehicle {
+
+// private namespace
+namespace jsonconfigloader_impl {
+
+// An abstract interface that represents a ValueParser for any constant value types.
+class ConstantParserInterface {
+  public:
+    // Parses a constant variable name to its actual value.
+    virtual android::base::Result<int> parseValue(const std::string& name) const = 0;
+    virtual ~ConstantParserInterface() = default;
+};
+
+// A class to parse a value field in JSON config file.
+// If the field is a string and the field is in the format of "XX::XX", the value will be parsed
+// as a constant value in the format of "TYPE::NAME". Otherwise, the field will be return as is
+// converted to the expected type.
+class JsonValueParser final {
+  public:
+    JsonValueParser();
+
+    android::base::Result<std::string> parseStringValue(const std::string& fieldName,
+                                                        const Json::Value& value) const;
+
+    template <class T>
+    android::base::Result<std::vector<T>> parseArray(const std::string& fieldName,
+                                                     const Json::Value& value) const;
+
+    template <class T>
+    android::base::Result<T> parseValue(const std::string& fieldName,
+                                        const Json::Value& value) const;
+
+  private:
+    template <class T>
+    static android::base::Result<T> convertValueToType(const std::string& fieldName,
+                                                       const Json::Value& value);
+
+    std::optional<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> maybeGetTypeAndValueName(
+            const std::string& jsonFieldValue) const;
+
+    android::base::Result<int> parseConstantValue(
+            const std::pair<std::string, std::string>& typeValueName) const;
+
+    const ConstantParserInterface* getParser(const std::string& type) const {
+        auto it = mConstantParsersByType.find(type);
+        if (it == mConstantParsersByType.end()) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        return it->second.get();
+    }
+
+  private:
+    inline static const std::string DELIMITER = "::";
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<ConstantParserInterface>>
+            mConstantParsersByType;
+};
+
+// The main class to parse a VHAL config file in JSON format.
+class JsonConfigParser {
+  public:
+    android::base::Result<std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration>> parseJsonConfig(
+            std::istream& is);
+
+  private:
+    JsonValueParser mValueParser;
+
+    // Parses configuration for each property.
+    std::optional<ConfigDeclaration> parseEachProperty(const Json::Value& propJsonValue,
+                                                       std::vector<std::string>* errors);
+    // Tries to parse a JSON value to a specific type.
+    //
+    // If fieldIsOptional is True, then if the field specified by "fieldName" does not exist,
+    // this method will return true without doing anything, otherwise, it will return false.
+    //
+    // @param parentJsonNode The parent node of the field you are going to parse.
+    // @param fieldName The name for the field.
+    // @param fieldIsOptional Whether the field is optional.
+    // @param outPtr The pointer to output to if the field exists and parsing succeeded.
+    // @param errors The error array to append error to if errors are found.
+    // @return true if the field is optional and does not exist or parsed successfully.
+    template <class T>
+    bool tryParseJsonValueToVariable(const Json::Value& parentJsonNode,
+                                     const std::string& fieldName, bool fieldIsOptional, T* outPtr,
+                                     std::vector<std::string>* errors);
+    // Tries to parse a JSON value to an array of specific type.
+    //
+    // If fieldIsOptional is True, then if the field specified by "fieldName" does not exist,
+    // this method will return true without doing anything, otherwise, it will return false.
+    //
+    // @param parentJsonNode The parent node of the field you are going to parse.
+    // @param fieldName The name for the field.
+    // @param fieldIsOptional Whether the field is optional.
+    // @param outPtr The pointer to output to if the field exists and parsing succeeded.
+    // @param errors The error array to append error to if errors are found.
+    // @return true if the field is optional and does not exist or parsed successfully.
+    template <class T>
+    bool tryParseJsonArrayToVariable(const Json::Value& parentJsonNode,
+                                     const std::string& fieldName, bool fieldIsOptional,
+                                     std::vector<T>* outPtr, std::vector<std::string>* errors);
+    // Parses a JSON field to VehiclePropertyAccess or VehiclePropertyChangeMode.
+    template <class T>
+    void parseAccessChangeMode(
+            const Json::Value& parentJsonNode, const std::string& fieldName, int propId,
+            const std::string& propStr,
+            const std::unordered_map<aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleProperty,
+                                     T>& defaultMap,
+            T* outPtr, std::vector<std::string>* errors);
+
+    // Parses a JSON field to RawPropValues.
+    //
+    // @return True if the field exist and can be parsed to a RawPropValues.
+    bool parsePropValues(const Json::Value& parentJsonNode, const std::string& fieldName,
+                         aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::RawPropValues* outPtr,
+                         std::vector<std::string>* errors);
+
+    // Prase a JSON field as an array of area configs.
+    void parseAreas(const Json::Value& parentJsonNode, const std::string& fieldName,
+                    ConfigDeclaration* outPtr, std::vector<std::string>* errors);
+};
+
+}  // namespace jsonconfigloader_impl
+
+// A class to load vehicle property configs and initial values in JSON format.
+class JsonConfigLoader final {
+  public:
+    JsonConfigLoader();
+
+    // Loads a JSON file stream and parses it to a map from propId to ConfigDeclarations.
+    android::base::Result<std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration>> loadPropConfig(
+            std::istream& is);
+
+    // Loads a JSON config file and parses it to a map from propId to ConfigDeclarations.
+    android::base::Result<std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration>> loadPropConfig(
+            const std::string& configPath);
+
+  private:
+    std::unique_ptr<jsonconfigloader_impl::JsonConfigParser> mParser;
+};
+
+}  // namespace vehicle
+}  // namespace automotive
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // android_hardware_automotive_vehicle_aidl_impl_default_config_JsonConfigLoader_include_JsonConfigLoader_H_
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/src/JsonConfigLoader.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/src/JsonConfigLoader.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6b7d14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/src/JsonConfigLoader.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <JsonConfigLoader.h>
+
+#include <AccessForVehicleProperty.h>
+#include <ChangeModeForVehicleProperty.h>
+#include <PropertyUtils.h>
+
+#ifdef ENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES
+#include <TestPropertyUtils.h>
+#endif  // ENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES
+
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
+#include <fstream>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace automotive {
+namespace vehicle {
+
+namespace jsonconfigloader_impl {
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::AccessForVehicleProperty;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::ChangeModeForVehicleProperty;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::EvConnectorType;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::EvsServiceState;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::EvsServiceType;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::FuelType;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::GsrComplianceRequirementType;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::RawPropValues;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleApPowerStateReport;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleApPowerStateReq;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleAreaConfig;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleAreaMirror;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleAreaWindow;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleGear;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleHvacFanDirection;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleIgnitionState;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleOilLevel;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleProperty;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyAccess;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyChangeMode;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleSeatOccupancyState;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleTurnSignal;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleUnit;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleVendorPermission;
+
+using ::android::base::Error;
+using ::android::base::Result;
+
+// Defines a map from constant names to constant values, the values defined here corresponds to
+// the "Constants::XXXX" used in JSON config file.
+const std::unordered_map<std::string, int> CONSTANTS_BY_NAME = {
+        {"DOOR_1_RIGHT", DOOR_1_RIGHT},
+        {"DOOR_1_LEFT", DOOR_1_LEFT},
+        {"DOOR_2_RIGHT", DOOR_2_RIGHT},
+        {"DOOR_2_LEFT", DOOR_2_LEFT},
+        {"DOOR_REAR", DOOR_REAR},
+        {"HVAC_ALL", HVAC_ALL},
+        {"HVAC_LEFT", HVAC_LEFT},
+        {"HVAC_RIGHT", HVAC_RIGHT},
+        {"VENDOR_EXTENSION_INT_PROPERTY", VENDOR_EXTENSION_INT_PROPERTY},
+        {"VENDOR_EXTENSION_BOOLEAN_PROPERTY", VENDOR_EXTENSION_BOOLEAN_PROPERTY},
+        {"VENDOR_EXTENSION_STRING_PROPERTY", VENDOR_EXTENSION_STRING_PROPERTY},
+        {"VENDOR_EXTENSION_FLOAT_PROPERTY", VENDOR_EXTENSION_FLOAT_PROPERTY},
+        {"WINDOW_1_LEFT", WINDOW_1_LEFT},
+        {"WINDOW_1_RIGHT", WINDOW_1_RIGHT},
+        {"WINDOW_2_LEFT", WINDOW_2_LEFT},
+        {"WINDOW_2_RIGHT", WINDOW_2_RIGHT},
+        {"WINDOW_ROOF_TOP_1", WINDOW_ROOF_TOP_1},
+        {"WINDOW_1_RIGHT_2_LEFT_2_RIGHT", WINDOW_1_RIGHT | WINDOW_2_LEFT | WINDOW_2_RIGHT},
+        {"SEAT_1_LEFT", SEAT_1_LEFT},
+        {"SEAT_1_RIGHT", SEAT_1_RIGHT},
+        {"SEAT_2_LEFT", SEAT_2_LEFT},
+        {"SEAT_2_RIGHT", SEAT_2_RIGHT},
+        {"SEAT_2_CENTER", SEAT_2_CENTER},
+        {"WHEEL_REAR_RIGHT", WHEEL_REAR_RIGHT},
+        {"WHEEL_REAR_LEFT", WHEEL_REAR_LEFT},
+        {"WHEEL_FRONT_RIGHT", WHEEL_FRONT_RIGHT},
+        {"WHEEL_FRONT_LEFT", WHEEL_FRONT_LEFT},
+        {"CHARGE_PORT_FRONT_LEFT", CHARGE_PORT_FRONT_LEFT},
+        {"CHARGE_PORT_REAR_LEFT", CHARGE_PORT_REAR_LEFT},
+        {"FAN_DIRECTION_FLOOR", FAN_DIRECTION_FLOOR},
+        {"FAN_DIRECTION_FACE", FAN_DIRECTION_FACE},
+        {"FAN_DIRECTION_DEFROST", FAN_DIRECTION_DEFROST},
+        {"FAN_DIRECTION_FACE_FLOOR", FAN_DIRECTION_FACE | FAN_DIRECTION_FLOOR},
+        {"FAN_DIRECTION_FACE_DEFROST", FAN_DIRECTION_FACE | FAN_DIRECTION_DEFROST},
+        {"FAN_DIRECTION_FLOOR_DEFROST", FAN_DIRECTION_FLOOR | FAN_DIRECTION_DEFROST},
+        {"FAN_DIRECTION_FLOOR_DEFROST_FACE",
+         FAN_DIRECTION_FLOOR | FAN_DIRECTION_DEFROST | FAN_DIRECTION_FACE},
+        {"FUEL_DOOR_REAR_LEFT", FUEL_DOOR_REAR_LEFT},
+        {"LIGHT_STATE_ON", LIGHT_STATE_ON},
+        {"LIGHT_SWITCH_AUTO", LIGHT_SWITCH_AUTO},
+        {"MIRROR_DRIVER_LEFT_RIGHT",
+         toInt(VehicleAreaMirror::DRIVER_LEFT) | toInt(VehicleAreaMirror::DRIVER_RIGHT)},
+#ifdef ENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES
+        // Following are test properties:
+        {"ECHO_REVERSE_BYTES", ECHO_REVERSE_BYTES},
+        {"kMixedTypePropertyForTest", kMixedTypePropertyForTest},
+        {"VENDOR_CLUSTER_NAVIGATION_STATE", VENDOR_CLUSTER_NAVIGATION_STATE},
+        {"VENDOR_CLUSTER_REQUEST_DISPLAY", VENDOR_CLUSTER_REQUEST_DISPLAY},
+        {"VENDOR_CLUSTER_SWITCH_UI", VENDOR_CLUSTER_SWITCH_UI},
+        {"VENDOR_CLUSTER_DISPLAY_STATE", VENDOR_CLUSTER_DISPLAY_STATE},
+        {"VENDOR_CLUSTER_REPORT_STATE", VENDOR_CLUSTER_REPORT_STATE},
+        {"PLACEHOLDER_PROPERTY_INT", PLACEHOLDER_PROPERTY_INT},
+        {"PLACEHOLDER_PROPERTY_FLOAT", PLACEHOLDER_PROPERTY_FLOAT},
+        {"PLACEHOLDER_PROPERTY_BOOLEAN", PLACEHOLDER_PROPERTY_BOOLEAN},
+        {"PLACEHOLDER_PROPERTY_STRING", PLACEHOLDER_PROPERTY_STRING}
+#endif  // ENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES
+};
+
+// A class to parse constant values for type T.
+template <class T>
+class ConstantParser final : public ConstantParserInterface {
+  public:
+    ConstantParser() {
+        for (const T& v : ndk::enum_range<T>()) {
+            std::string name = aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::toString(v);
+            // We use the same constant for both VehicleUnit::GALLON and VehicleUnit::US_GALLON,
+            // which caused toString() not work properly for US_GALLON. So we explicitly add the
+            // map here.
+            if (name == "GALLON") {
+                mValueByName["US_GALLON"] = toInt(v);
+            }
+            mValueByName[name] = toInt(v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ~ConstantParser() = default;
+
+    Result<int> parseValue(const std::string& name) const override {
+        auto it = mValueByName.find(name);
+        if (it == mValueByName.end()) {
+            return Error() << "Constant name: " << name << " is not defined";
+        }
+        return it->second;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, int> mValueByName;
+};
+
+// A class to parse constant values defined in CONSTANTS_BY_NAME map.
+class LocalVariableParser final : public ConstantParserInterface {
+  public:
+    ~LocalVariableParser() = default;
+
+    Result<int> parseValue(const std::string& name) const override {
+        auto constantsIt = CONSTANTS_BY_NAME.find(name);
+        if (constantsIt == CONSTANTS_BY_NAME.end()) {
+            return Error() << "Constant variable name: " << name << " is not defined";
+        }
+        return constantsIt->second;
+    }
+};
+
+JsonValueParser::JsonValueParser() {
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehiclePropertyAccess"] =
+            std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehiclePropertyAccess>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehiclePropertyChangeMode"] =
+            std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehiclePropertyChangeMode>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehicleGear"] = std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehicleGear>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehicleAreaWindow"] =
+            std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehicleAreaWindow>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehicleAreaMirror"] =
+            std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehicleAreaMirror>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehicleOilLevel"] = std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehicleOilLevel>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehicleUnit"] = std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehicleUnit>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehicleSeatOccupancyState"] =
+            std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehicleSeatOccupancyState>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehicleHvacFanDirection"] =
+            std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehicleHvacFanDirection>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehicleApPowerStateReport"] =
+            std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehicleApPowerStateReport>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehicleTurnSignal"] =
+            std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehicleTurnSignal>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehicleVendorPermission"] =
+            std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehicleVendorPermission>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["EvsServiceType"] = std::make_unique<ConstantParser<EvsServiceType>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["EvsServiceState"] = std::make_unique<ConstantParser<EvsServiceState>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["EvConnectorType"] = std::make_unique<ConstantParser<EvConnectorType>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehicleProperty"] = std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehicleProperty>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["GsrComplianceRequirementType"] =
+            std::make_unique<ConstantParser<GsrComplianceRequirementType>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["VehicleIgnitionState"] =
+            std::make_unique<ConstantParser<VehicleIgnitionState>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["FuelType"] = std::make_unique<ConstantParser<FuelType>>();
+    mConstantParsersByType["Constants"] = std::make_unique<LocalVariableParser>();
+}
+
+template <>
+Result<int32_t> JsonValueParser::convertValueToType<int32_t>(const std::string& fieldName,
+                                                             const Json::Value& value) {
+    if (!value.isInt()) {
+        return Error() << "The value: " << value << " for field: " << fieldName
+                       << " is not in correct type, expect int";
+    }
+    return static_cast<int32_t>(value.asInt());
+}
+
+template <>
+Result<float> JsonValueParser::convertValueToType<float>(const std::string& fieldName,
+                                                         const Json::Value& value) {
+    // isFloat value does not exist, so we use isDouble here.
+    if (!value.isDouble()) {
+        return Error() << "The value: " << value << " for field: " << fieldName
+                       << " is not in correct type, expect float";
+    }
+    return value.asFloat();
+}
+
+template <>
+Result<int64_t> JsonValueParser::convertValueToType<int64_t>(const std::string& fieldName,
+                                                             const Json::Value& value) {
+    if (!value.isInt64()) {
+        return Error() << "The value: " << value << " for field: " << fieldName
+                       << " is not in correct type, expect int64";
+    }
+    return static_cast<int64_t>(value.asInt64());
+}
+
+template <>
+Result<std::string> JsonValueParser::convertValueToType<std::string>(const std::string& fieldName,
+                                                                     const Json::Value& value) {
+    if (!value.isString()) {
+        return Error() << "The value: " << value << " for field: " << fieldName
+                       << " is not in correct type, expect string";
+    }
+    return value.asString();
+}
+
+Result<std::string> JsonValueParser::parseStringValue(const std::string& fieldName,
+                                                      const Json::Value& value) const {
+    return convertValueToType<std::string>(fieldName, value);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+Result<T> JsonValueParser::parseValue(const std::string& fieldName,
+                                      const Json::Value& value) const {
+    if (!value.isString()) {
+        return convertValueToType<T>(fieldName, value);
+    }
+    auto maybeTypeAndValue = maybeGetTypeAndValueName(value.asString());
+    if (!maybeTypeAndValue.has_value()) {
+        return Error() << "Invalid constant value: " << value << " for field: " << fieldName;
+    }
+    auto constantParseResult = parseConstantValue(maybeTypeAndValue.value());
+    if (!constantParseResult.ok()) {
+        return constantParseResult.error();
+    }
+    int constantValue = constantParseResult.value();
+    return static_cast<T>(constantValue);
+}
+
+template <>
+Result<std::string> JsonValueParser::parseValue<std::string>(const std::string& fieldName,
+                                                             const Json::Value& value) const {
+    return parseStringValue(fieldName, value);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+Result<std::vector<T>> JsonValueParser::parseArray(const std::string& fieldName,
+                                                   const Json::Value& value) const {
+    if (!value.isArray()) {
+        return Error() << "The value: " << value << " for field: " << fieldName
+                       << " is not in correct type, expect array";
+    }
+    std::vector<T> parsedValues;
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < value.size(); i++) {
+        auto result = parseValue<T>(fieldName, value[i]);
+        if (!result.ok()) {
+            return result.error();
+        }
+        parsedValues.push_back(result.value());
+    }
+    return std::move(parsedValues);
+}
+
+std::optional<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> JsonValueParser::maybeGetTypeAndValueName(
+        const std::string& jsonFieldValue) const {
+    size_t pos = jsonFieldValue.find(DELIMITER);
+    if (pos == std::string::npos) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    std::string type = jsonFieldValue.substr(0, pos);
+    std::string valueName = jsonFieldValue.substr(pos + DELIMITER.length(), std::string::npos);
+    if (type != "Constants" && mConstantParsersByType.find(type) == mConstantParsersByType.end()) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    return std::make_pair(type, valueName);
+}
+
+Result<int> JsonValueParser::parseConstantValue(
+        const std::pair<std::string, std::string>& typeValueName) const {
+    const std::string& type = typeValueName.first;
+    const std::string& valueName = typeValueName.second;
+    auto it = mConstantParsersByType.find(type);
+    if (it == mConstantParsersByType.end()) {
+        return Error() << "Unrecognized type: " << type;
+    }
+    auto result = it->second->parseValue(valueName);
+    if (!result.ok()) {
+        return Error() << type << "::" << valueName << " undefined";
+    }
+    return result;
+}
+
+template <class T>
+bool JsonConfigParser::tryParseJsonValueToVariable(const Json::Value& parentJsonNode,
+                                                   const std::string& fieldName,
+                                                   bool fieldIsOptional, T* outPtr,
+                                                   std::vector<std::string>* errors) {
+    if (!parentJsonNode.isObject()) {
+        errors->push_back("Node: " + parentJsonNode.toStyledString() + " is not an object");
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!parentJsonNode.isMember(fieldName)) {
+        if (!fieldIsOptional) {
+            errors->push_back("Missing required field: " + fieldName +
+                              " in node: " + parentJsonNode.toStyledString());
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    auto result = mValueParser.parseValue<T>(fieldName, parentJsonNode[fieldName]);
+    if (!result.ok()) {
+        errors->push_back(result.error().message());
+        return false;
+    }
+    *outPtr = std::move(result.value());
+    return true;
+}
+
+template <class T>
+bool JsonConfigParser::tryParseJsonArrayToVariable(const Json::Value& parentJsonNode,
+                                                   const std::string& fieldName,
+                                                   bool fieldIsOptional, std::vector<T>* outPtr,
+                                                   std::vector<std::string>* errors) {
+    if (!parentJsonNode.isObject()) {
+        errors->push_back("Node: " + parentJsonNode.toStyledString() + " is not an object");
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!parentJsonNode.isMember(fieldName)) {
+        if (!fieldIsOptional) {
+            errors->push_back("Missing required field: " + fieldName +
+                              " in node: " + parentJsonNode.toStyledString());
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    auto result = mValueParser.parseArray<T>(fieldName, parentJsonNode[fieldName]);
+    if (!result.ok()) {
+        errors->push_back(result.error().message());
+        return false;
+    }
+    *outPtr = std::move(result.value());
+    return true;
+}
+
+template <class T>
+void JsonConfigParser::parseAccessChangeMode(
+        const Json::Value& parentJsonNode, const std::string& fieldName, int propId,
+        const std::string& propStr, const std::unordered_map<VehicleProperty, T>& defaultMap,
+        T* outPtr, std::vector<std::string>* errors) {
+    if (!parentJsonNode.isObject()) {
+        errors->push_back("Node: " + parentJsonNode.toStyledString() + " is not an object");
+        return;
+    }
+    if (parentJsonNode.isMember(fieldName)) {
+        auto result = mValueParser.parseValue<int32_t>(fieldName, parentJsonNode[fieldName]);
+        if (!result.ok()) {
+            errors->push_back(result.error().message());
+            return;
+        }
+        *outPtr = static_cast<T>(result.value());
+        return;
+    }
+    auto it = defaultMap.find(static_cast<VehicleProperty>(propId));
+    if (it == defaultMap.end()) {
+        errors->push_back("No " + fieldName + " specified for property: " + propStr);
+        return;
+    }
+    *outPtr = it->second;
+    return;
+}
+
+bool JsonConfigParser::parsePropValues(const Json::Value& parentJsonNode,
+                                       const std::string& fieldName, RawPropValues* outPtr,
+                                       std::vector<std::string>* errors) {
+    if (!parentJsonNode.isObject()) {
+        errors->push_back("Node: " + parentJsonNode.toStyledString() + " is not an object");
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (!parentJsonNode.isMember(fieldName)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    const Json::Value& jsonValue = parentJsonNode[fieldName];
+    bool success = true;
+    success &= tryParseJsonArrayToVariable(jsonValue, "int32Values",
+                                           /*optional=*/true, &(outPtr->int32Values), errors);
+    success &= tryParseJsonArrayToVariable(jsonValue, "floatValues",
+                                           /*optional=*/true, &(outPtr->floatValues), errors);
+    success &= tryParseJsonArrayToVariable(jsonValue, "int64Values",
+                                           /*optional=*/true, &(outPtr->int64Values), errors);
+    // We don't support "byteValues" yet.
+    success &= tryParseJsonValueToVariable(jsonValue, "stringValue",
+                                           /*optional=*/true, &(outPtr->stringValue), errors);
+    return success;
+}
+
+void JsonConfigParser::parseAreas(const Json::Value& parentJsonNode, const std::string& fieldName,
+                                  ConfigDeclaration* config, std::vector<std::string>* errors) {
+    if (!parentJsonNode.isObject()) {
+        errors->push_back("Node: " + parentJsonNode.toStyledString() + " is not an object");
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!parentJsonNode.isMember(fieldName)) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const Json::Value& jsonValue = parentJsonNode[fieldName];
+
+    if (!jsonValue.isArray()) {
+        errors->push_back("Field: " + fieldName + " is not an array");
+        return;
+    }
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < jsonValue.size(); i++) {
+        int32_t areaId;
+        const Json::Value& jsonAreaConfig = jsonValue[i];
+        if (!tryParseJsonValueToVariable(jsonAreaConfig, "areaId",
+                                         /*optional=*/false, &areaId, errors)) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        VehicleAreaConfig areaConfig = {};
+        areaConfig.areaId = areaId;
+        tryParseJsonValueToVariable(jsonAreaConfig, "minInt32Value", /*optional=*/true,
+                                    &areaConfig.minInt32Value, errors);
+        tryParseJsonValueToVariable(jsonAreaConfig, "maxInt32Value", /*optional=*/true,
+                                    &areaConfig.maxInt32Value, errors);
+        tryParseJsonValueToVariable(jsonAreaConfig, "minInt64Value", /*optional=*/true,
+                                    &areaConfig.minInt64Value, errors);
+        tryParseJsonValueToVariable(jsonAreaConfig, "maxInt64Value", /*optional=*/true,
+                                    &areaConfig.maxInt64Value, errors);
+        tryParseJsonValueToVariable(jsonAreaConfig, "minFloatValue", /*optional=*/true,
+                                    &areaConfig.minFloatValue, errors);
+        tryParseJsonValueToVariable(jsonAreaConfig, "maxFloatValue", /*optional=*/true,
+                                    &areaConfig.maxFloatValue, errors);
+        config->config.areaConfigs.push_back(std::move(areaConfig));
+
+        RawPropValues areaValue = {};
+        if (parsePropValues(jsonAreaConfig, "defaultValue", &areaValue, errors)) {
+            config->initialAreaValues[areaId] = std::move(areaValue);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+std::optional<ConfigDeclaration> JsonConfigParser::parseEachProperty(
+        const Json::Value& propJsonValue, std::vector<std::string>* errors) {
+    size_t initialErrorCount = errors->size();
+    ConfigDeclaration configDecl = {};
+    int32_t propId;
+
+    if (!tryParseJsonValueToVariable(propJsonValue, "property", /*optional=*/false, &propId,
+                                     errors)) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    configDecl.config.prop = propId;
+    std::string propStr = propJsonValue["property"].toStyledString();
+
+    parseAccessChangeMode(propJsonValue, "access", propId, propStr, AccessForVehicleProperty,
+                          &configDecl.config.access, errors);
+
+    parseAccessChangeMode(propJsonValue, "changeMode", propId, propStr,
+                          ChangeModeForVehicleProperty, &configDecl.config.changeMode, errors);
+
+    tryParseJsonValueToVariable(propJsonValue, "configString", /*optional=*/true,
+                                &configDecl.config.configString, errors);
+
+    tryParseJsonArrayToVariable(propJsonValue, "configArray", /*optional=*/true,
+                                &configDecl.config.configArray, errors);
+
+    parsePropValues(propJsonValue, "defaultValue", &configDecl.initialValue, errors);
+
+    tryParseJsonValueToVariable(propJsonValue, "minSampleRate", /*optional=*/true,
+                                &configDecl.config.minSampleRate, errors);
+
+    tryParseJsonValueToVariable(propJsonValue, "maxSampleRate", /*optional=*/true,
+                                &configDecl.config.maxSampleRate, errors);
+
+    parseAreas(propJsonValue, "areas", &configDecl, errors);
+
+    if (errors->size() != initialErrorCount) {
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+    return configDecl;
+}
+
+Result<std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration>> JsonConfigParser::parseJsonConfig(
+        std::istream& is) {
+    Json::CharReaderBuilder builder;
+    Json::Value root;
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration> configsByPropId;
+    std::string errs;
+    if (!Json::parseFromStream(builder, is, &root, &errs)) {
+        return Error() << "Failed to parse property config file as JSON, error: " << errs;
+    }
+    if (!root.isObject()) {
+        return Error() << "root element must be an object";
+    }
+    if (!root.isMember("properties") || !root["properties"].isArray()) {
+        return Error() << "Missing 'properties' field in root or the field is not an array";
+    }
+    Json::Value properties = root["properties"];
+    std::vector<std::string> errors;
+    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < properties.size(); i++) {
+        if (auto maybeConfig = parseEachProperty(properties[i], &errors); maybeConfig.has_value()) {
+            configsByPropId[maybeConfig.value().config.prop] = std::move(maybeConfig.value());
+        }
+    }
+    if (!errors.empty()) {
+        return Error() << android::base::Join(errors, '\n');
+    }
+    return configsByPropId;
+}
+
+}  // namespace jsonconfigloader_impl
+
+JsonConfigLoader::JsonConfigLoader() {
+    mParser = std::make_unique<jsonconfigloader_impl::JsonConfigParser>();
+}
+
+android::base::Result<std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration>>
+JsonConfigLoader::loadPropConfig(std::istream& is) {
+    return mParser->parseJsonConfig(is);
+}
+
+android::base::Result<std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration>>
+JsonConfigLoader::loadPropConfig(const std::string& configPath) {
+    std::ifstream ifs(configPath.c_str());
+    if (!ifs) {
+        return android::base::Error() << "couldn't open " << configPath << " for parsing.";
+    }
+
+    return loadPropConfig(ifs);
+}
+
+}  // namespace vehicle
+}  // namespace automotive
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/test/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/test/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dae37b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/test/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package {
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["Android-Apache-2.0"],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest",
+    vendor: true,
+    srcs: ["*.cpp"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "VehicleHalJsonConfigLoader",
+        "VehicleHalUtils",
+        "libgtest",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libjsoncpp",
+    ],
+    defaults: ["VehicleHalDefaults"],
+    test_suites: ["device-tests"],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "JsonConfigLoaderUnitTestEnableTestProperties",
+    vendor: true,
+    srcs: ["*.cpp"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "VehicleHalJsonConfigLoaderEnableTestProperties",
+        "VehicleHalUtils",
+        "libgtest",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libjsoncpp",
+    ],
+    defaults: ["VehicleHalDefaults"],
+    test_suites: ["device-tests"],
+}
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/test/JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/test/JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ff8c1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/JsonConfigLoader/test/JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,622 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <JsonConfigLoader.h>
+
+#include <PropertyUtils.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <sstream>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace automotive {
+namespace vehicle {
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::RawPropValues;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleAreaConfig;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleProperty;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyAccess;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyChangeMode;
+
+class JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest : public ::testing::Test {
+  protected:
+    JsonConfigLoader mLoader;
+};
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testBasic) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": 291504388
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.begin()->second.config.prop, 291504388);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testRootNotObject) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    []
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok()) << "root is not an object must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testMissingPropertiesField) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "abcd": 1234
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok()) << "Missing 'properties' field must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testPropertiesFieldNotArray) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties': {'a': 'b'}
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "'properties' field is not an array must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testPropertyIsEnum) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY"
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.begin()->second.config.prop, toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY));
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testPropertyEnum_FailInvalidEnum) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::BLAH"
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "Invalid VehicleProperty enum must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testPropertyEnum_FailInvalidType) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "test"
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "Invalid VehicleProperty type must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testProperty_FailInvalidJson) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok()) << "Invalid JSON format must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testConfigArray) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "configArray": [1, 2, 3]
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.begin()->second.config.configArray, std::vector<int>({1, 2, 3}));
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testConfigArrayConstants) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "configArray": [1, 2, "Constants::FUEL_DOOR_REAR_LEFT"]
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.begin()->second.config.configArray,
+              std::vector<int>({1, 2, FUEL_DOOR_REAR_LEFT}));
+}
+
+// We have special logic to deal with GALLON and US_GALLON since they share the same value.
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testConfigArrayUnitGallon) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "configArray": [1, 2, "VehicleUnit::GALLON"]
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testConfigArrayUnitUsGallon) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "configArray": [1, 2, "VehicleUnit::US_GALLON"]
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testConfigArray_FailInvalidEnum) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "configArray": [1, 2, "VehicleUnits::BLAH"]
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "Invalid enum in ConfigArray must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testConfigArray_FailNotArray) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "configArray": "123"
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "ConfigArray is not an array must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testConfigString) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "configString": "test"
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.begin()->second.config.configString, "test");
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testConfigString_FailNotString) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "configString": 1234
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "ConfigString is not a String must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testCheckDefaultAccessChangeMode) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY"
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+
+    const VehiclePropConfig& propConfig = configs.begin()->second.config;
+    ASSERT_EQ(propConfig.access, VehiclePropertyAccess::READ);
+    ASSERT_EQ(propConfig.changeMode, VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testAccessOverride) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "access": "VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE"
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+
+    const VehiclePropConfig& propConfig = configs.begin()->second.config;
+    ASSERT_EQ(propConfig.access, VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE);
+    ASSERT_EQ(propConfig.changeMode, VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testChangeModeOverride) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "changeMode": "VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE"
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+
+    const VehiclePropConfig& propConfig = configs.begin()->second.config;
+    ASSERT_EQ(propConfig.access, VehiclePropertyAccess::READ);
+    ASSERT_EQ(propConfig.changeMode, VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testCustomProp) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": 1234,
+            "access": "VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE",
+            "changeMode": "VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE"
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+
+    const VehiclePropConfig& propConfig = configs.begin()->second.config;
+    ASSERT_EQ(propConfig.access, VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE);
+    ASSERT_EQ(propConfig.changeMode, VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testCustomProp_FailMissingAccess) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": 1234,
+            "changeMode": "VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE"
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "Missing access for custom property must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testCustomProp_FailMissingChangeMode) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": 1234,
+            "access": "VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE"
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "Missing change mode for custom property must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testMinSampleRate) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "minSampleRate": 1,
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.begin()->second.config.minSampleRate, 1);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testMinSampleRate_FailInvalidType) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "minSampleRate": "abcd",
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "Wrong type for MinSampleRate must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testMaxSampleRate) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "maxSampleRate": 1,
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.begin()->second.config.maxSampleRate, 1);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testMaxSampleRate_FailInvalidType) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "maxSampleRate": "abcd",
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "Wrong type for MaxSampleRate must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testDefaultValue_Simple) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [1, 2]
+            }
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.begin()->second.initialValue.int32Values, std::vector<int32_t>({1, 2}));
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testDefaultValue_Mixed) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [1, "Constants::FUEL_DOOR_REAR_LEFT"],
+                "int64Values": [2, "Constants::FUEL_DOOR_REAR_LEFT"],
+                "floatValues": [3.0, "Constants::FUEL_DOOR_REAR_LEFT"],
+                "stringValue": "abcd"
+            }
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+
+    const RawPropValues& initialValue = configs.begin()->second.initialValue;
+    ASSERT_EQ(initialValue.int32Values, std::vector<int32_t>({1, FUEL_DOOR_REAR_LEFT}));
+    ASSERT_EQ(initialValue.int64Values,
+              std::vector<int64_t>({2, static_cast<int64_t>(FUEL_DOOR_REAR_LEFT)}));
+    ASSERT_EQ(initialValue.floatValues,
+              std::vector<float>({3.0, static_cast<float>(FUEL_DOOR_REAR_LEFT)}));
+    ASSERT_EQ(initialValue.stringValue, "abcd");
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testDefaultValue_FailNotObject) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "defaultValue": []
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "DefaultValue is not an object must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testDefaultValue_FailInvalidType) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [1.1]
+            }
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "Wrong type for DefaultValue must cause error";
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testAreas_Simple) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "areas": [{
+                "areaId": "Constants::HVAC_ALL",
+                "minInt32Value": 1,
+                "maxInt32Value": 7
+            }]
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+
+    const VehiclePropConfig& config = configs.begin()->second.config;
+    ASSERT_EQ(config.areaConfigs.size(), 1u);
+    const VehicleAreaConfig& areaConfig = config.areaConfigs[0];
+    ASSERT_EQ(areaConfig.minInt32Value, 1);
+    ASSERT_EQ(areaConfig.maxInt32Value, 7);
+    ASSERT_EQ(areaConfig.areaId, HVAC_ALL);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testAreas_DefaultValueForEachArea) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "areas": [{
+                "areaId": "Constants::HVAC_LEFT",
+                "defaultValue": {
+                    "int32Values": [1]
+                }
+            }, {
+                "areaId": "Constants::HVAC_RIGHT",
+                "defaultValue": {
+                    "int32Values": [2]
+                }
+            }]
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss);
+
+    auto configs = result.value();
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), 1u);
+
+    const VehiclePropConfig& config = configs.begin()->second.config;
+    ASSERT_EQ(config.areaConfigs.size(), 2u);
+    ASSERT_EQ(config.areaConfigs[0].areaId, HVAC_LEFT);
+    ASSERT_EQ(config.areaConfigs[1].areaId, HVAC_RIGHT);
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.begin()->second.initialAreaValues[HVAC_LEFT],
+              RawPropValues{.int32Values = {1}});
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.begin()->second.initialAreaValues[HVAC_RIGHT],
+              RawPropValues{.int32Values = {2}});
+}
+
+TEST_F(JsonConfigLoaderUnitTest, testAreas_FailInvalidTypeForOneAreaValue) {
+    std::istringstream iss(R"(
+    {
+        "properties": [{
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            "areas": [{
+                "areaId": "Constants::HVAC_LEFT",
+                "defaultValue": {
+                    "int32Values": [1]
+                }
+            }, {
+                "areaId": "Constants::HVAC_RIGHT",
+                "defaultValue": {
+                    "int32Values": [2.1]
+                }
+            }]
+        }]
+    }
+    )");
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mLoader.loadPropConfig(iss).ok())
+            << "Wrong type for DefaultValue for one area must cause error";
+}
+
+}  // namespace vehicle
+}  // namespace automotive
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/config/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/config/Android.bp
index c5f86c2..8f1c7d1 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/config/Android.bp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/config/Android.bp
@@ -21,3 +21,27 @@
     name: "VehicleHalVendorClusterTestProperties_JSON",
     srcs: ["VendorClusterTestProperties.json"],
 }
+
+prebuilt_etc {
+    name: "Prebuilt_VehicleHalDefaultProperties_JSON",
+    filename_from_src: true,
+    src: "DefaultProperties.json",
+    sub_dir: "automotive/vhalconfig/",
+    vendor: true,
+}
+
+prebuilt_etc {
+    name: "Prebuilt_VehicleHalTestProperties_JSON",
+    filename_from_src: true,
+    src: "TestProperties.json",
+    sub_dir: "automotive/vhalconfig/",
+    vendor: true,
+}
+
+prebuilt_etc {
+    name: "Prebuilt_VehicleHalVendorClusterTestProperties_JSON",
+    filename_from_src: true,
+    src: "VendorClusterTestProperties.json",
+    sub_dir: "automotive/vhalconfig/",
+    vendor: true,
+}
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/config/DefaultProperties.json b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/config/DefaultProperties.json
index f2415aa..5d35569 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/config/DefaultProperties.json
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/config/DefaultProperties.json
@@ -130,6 +130,381 @@
             ]
         },
         {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::SEAT_BELT_BUCKLED",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    0
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_LEFT"
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_RIGHT"
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_LEFT"
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_RIGHT"
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_CENTER"
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::SEAT_BELT_HEIGHT_POS",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    10
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": 0,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": 0,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": 0,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": 0,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_CENTER",
+                    "minInt32Value": 0,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::SEAT_BELT_HEIGHT_MOVE",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    0
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_CENTER",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::SEAT_FORE_AFT_POS",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    0
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_CENTER",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::SEAT_FORE_AFT_MOVE",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    0
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_CENTER",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::SEAT_BACKREST_ANGLE_1_POS",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    0
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_CENTER",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::SEAT_BACKREST_ANGLE_1_MOVE",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    0
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_CENTER",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::SEAT_BACKREST_ANGLE_2_POS",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    0
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_CENTER",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::SEAT_BACKREST_ANGLE_2_MOVE",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    0
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_CENTER",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::SEAT_HEIGHT_POS",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    0
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_CENTER",
+                    "minInt32Value": -10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::SEAT_HEIGHT_MOVE",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    0
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_1_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_LEFT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                },
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::SEAT_2_CENTER",
+                    "minInt32Value": -1,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 1
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
             "property": "VehicleProperty::SEAT_OCCUPANCY",
             "areas": [
                 {
@@ -536,6 +911,19 @@
             ]
         },
         {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::HVAC_ACTUAL_FAN_SPEED_RPM",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    50
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::HVAC_ALL"
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
             "property": "VehicleProperty::HVAC_POWER_ON",
             "defaultValue": {
                 "int32Values": [
@@ -783,6 +1171,42 @@
             "comment": "+ve values for heating and -ve for cooling"
         },
         {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::HVAC_SIDE_MIRROR_HEAT",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    0
+                ]
+            },
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "areaId": "Constants::MIRROR_DRIVER_LEFT_RIGHT",
+                    "minInt32Value": 0,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 2
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::HVAC_TEMPERATURE_CURRENT",
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "defaultValue": {
+                        "floatValues": [
+                            17.3
+                        ]
+                    },
+                    "areaId": 49
+                },
+                {
+                    "defaultValue": {
+                        "floatValues": [
+                            19.1
+                        ]
+                    },
+                    "areaId": 68
+                }
+            ]
+        },
+        {
             "property": "VehicleProperty::HVAC_TEMPERATURE_SET",
             "areas": [
                 {
@@ -820,7 +1244,7 @@
             "defaultValue": {
                 "floatValues": [
                     66.19999694824219,
-                    49.0,
+                    "VehicleUnit::FAHRENHEIT",
                     19.0,
                     66.5
                 ]
@@ -840,12 +1264,12 @@
             "property": "VehicleProperty::HVAC_TEMPERATURE_DISPLAY_UNITS",
             "defaultValue": {
                 "int32Values": [
-                    49
+                    "VehicleUnit::FAHRENHEIT"
                 ]
             },
             "configArray": [
-                49,
-                48
+                "VehicleUnit::FAHRENHEIT",
+                "VehicleUnit::CELSIUS"
             ]
         },
         {
@@ -1032,22 +1456,22 @@
                 {
                     "areaId": "Constants::WINDOW_1_LEFT",
                     "minInt32Value": 0,
-                    "maxInt32Value": 10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
                 },
                 {
                     "areaId": "Constants::WINDOW_1_RIGHT",
                     "minInt32Value": 0,
-                    "maxInt32Value": 10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
                 },
                 {
                     "areaId": "Constants::WINDOW_2_LEFT",
                     "minInt32Value": 0,
-                    "maxInt32Value": 10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
                 },
                 {
                     "areaId": "Constants::WINDOW_2_RIGHT",
                     "minInt32Value": 0,
-                    "maxInt32Value": 10,
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10
                 },
                 {
                     "areaId": "Constants::WINDOW_ROOF_TOP_1",
@@ -1279,13 +1703,13 @@
             "property": "VehicleProperty::CURRENT_POWER_POLICY"
         },
         {
-            "property": "VehicleProperty::ANDROID_EPOCH_TIME",
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::ANDROID_EPOCH_TIME"
         },
         {
-            "property": "VehicleProperty::WATCHDOG_ALIVE",
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::WATCHDOG_ALIVE"
         },
         {
-            "property": "VehicleProperty::WATCHDOG_TERMINATED_PROCESS",
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::WATCHDOG_TERMINATED_PROCESS"
         },
         {
             "property": "VehicleProperty::VHAL_HEARTBEAT"
@@ -1315,7 +1739,7 @@
                 ]
             },
             "comment":
-                    "Value means: 0 /* Off */, -1, -1, -1, -1 /* Bounds */, -1, -1, -1, -1 /* Insets */",
+                    "Value means: 0 /* Off */, -1, -1, -1, -1 /* Bounds */, -1, -1, -1, -1 /* Insets */"
         },
         {
             "property": "VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_REPORT_STATE",
@@ -1332,10 +1756,10 @@
             ]
         },
         {
-            "property": "VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_REQUEST_DISPLAY",
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_REQUEST_DISPLAY"
         },
         {
-            "property": "VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_NAVIGATION_STATE",
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_NAVIGATION_STATE"
         },
         {
             "property": "VehicleProperty::GENERAL_SAFETY_REGULATION_COMPLIANCE_REQUIREMENT",
@@ -1346,4 +1770,4 @@
             }
         }
     ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/config/README.md b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/config/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e3fc5e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/config/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+# Property Configuration Files
+
+Each JSON file in this folder is a property configuration file for reference
+Vehicle HAL. They contain VehiclePropConfig information along with initial
+value information.
+
+## JSON schema
+
+Each JSON file must be in a schema like the following example:
+(The comment starting with "//" is for documentation only and must be removed
+from the actual JSON file. The "comment" field is used for comment in the
+actual JSON file and will be ignored by the parser)
+
+```
+{
+    // (number) The version for the JSON schema.
+    "apiVersion": 1,
+    // (non-empty array of objects) The property configuration list.
+    //
+    // Each object is a configuration for one property.
+    "properties": [
+        {
+            // (number/string) The ID for the property.
+            // This value is defined in a string value
+            // which represents a constant value, see the "JSON Number-type
+            // Field Values" section for detail.
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY",
+            // (optional, number/string) The access mode for the property.
+            // If specified, this overwrite the default access mode specified in
+            // VehicleProperty.aidl. Must be specified for vendor properties.
+            "access": "VehiclePropertyAccess::READ",
+            // (optional, number/string) The change mode for the property.
+            // If specified, this overwrite the default change mode specified in
+            // VehicleProperty.aidl. Must be specified for vendor properties.
+            "changeMode": "VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC",
+            // (optional, string) The config string.
+            "configString": "blahblah",
+            // (optional, array of number/string) The config array.
+            "configArray": [1, 2, "Constants::HVAC_ALL"],
+            // (optional, object) The default value for the property.
+            // If not specified, the property will be shown as unavailable
+            // until its value is set.
+            "defaultValue": {
+                // (optional, array of int number/string) Int values.
+                "int32Values": [1, 2, "Constants::HVAC_ALL"],
+                // (optional, array of int number/string) Long values.
+                "int64Values": [1, 2],
+                // (optional, array of float number/string) Float values.
+                "floatValues": [1.1, 2.2],
+                // (optional, string) String value.
+                "stringValue": "test"
+            },
+            // (optional, number/string) The minimum sample rate in HZ.
+            // Only work for VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS property.
+            // Must be specified for continuous property.
+            "minSampleRate": 1,
+            // (optional, number/string) The maximum sample rate in HZ.
+            // Only work for VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS property.
+            // Must be specified for continuous property.
+            "maxSampleRate": 10,
+            // (optional, array of objects) The area configs.
+            "areas:" [
+                {
+                    // (number/string) The area ID.
+                    "areaId": "Constants::DOOR_1_LEFT",
+                    // (optional number/string) The minimum int value.
+                    "minInt32Value": 1,
+                    // (optional number/string) The maximum int value.
+                    "maxInt32Value": 10,
+                    // (optional number/string) The minimum long value.
+                    "minInt64Value": 1,
+                    // (optional number/string) The maximum long value.
+                    "maxInt64Value": 10,
+                    // (optional number/string) The minimum float value.
+                    "minFloatValue": 1,
+                    // (optional number/string) The maximum float value.
+                    "maxFloatValue": 10,
+                    // (optional object) The default value for this area.
+                    // Uses the same format as the "defaultValue" field for
+                    // property object. If specified, this overwrite the global
+                    // defaultValue.
+                    "defaultValue": {
+                        "int32Values": [1, 2, "Constants::HVAC_ALL"],
+                        "int64Values": [1, 2],
+                        "floatValues": [1.1, 2.2],
+                        "stringValue": "test"
+                    }
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+     ]
+}
+```
+
+## JSON Number-type Field Values
+
+For number type field values, they can either be defined as a numeric number,
+e.g., `{"minInt32Value": 1}` or be defined as a string which represents a
+defined constant value, e.g.,
+`{"property": "VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY"}`.
+
+For constant values, they must be a string in the format of `XXX::XXX`, where
+the field before `::` is the constant type, and the field after `::` is the
+variable name.
+
+We support the following constant types:
+
+* VehiclePropertyAccess
+
+* VehiclePropertyChangeMode
+
+* VehicleGear
+
+* VehicleAreaWindow
+
+* VehicleOilLevel
+
+* VehicleUnit
+
+* VehicleSeatOccupancyState
+
+* VehicleHvacFanDirection
+
+* VehicleApPowerStateReport
+
+* VehicleTurnSignal
+
+* VehicleVendorPermission
+
+* EvsServiceType
+
+* EvsServiceState
+
+* EvConnectorType
+
+* VehicleProperty
+
+* GsrComplianceRequirementType
+
+* VehicleIgnitionState
+
+* FuelType
+
+* Constants
+
+Every constant type except "Constants" corresponds to a enum defined in Vehicle
+HAL interfac. E.g. "VehicleProperty" corresponds to the enums defined in
+"VehicleProperty.aidl".
+
+"Constants" type refers to the constant variables defined in the paresr.
+Specifically, the "CONSTANTS_BY_NAME" map defined in "JsonConfigLoader.cpp".
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/include/DefaultConfig.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/include/DefaultConfig.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 986d1a6..0000000
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/include/DefaultConfig.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1421 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2021 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef android_hardware_automotive_vehicle_aidl_impl_default_config_include_DefaultConfig_H_
-#define android_hardware_automotive_vehicle_aidl_impl_default_config_include_DefaultConfig_H_
-
-#include <PropertyUtils.h>
-#include <TestPropertyUtils.h>
-#include <VehicleHalTypes.h>
-
-#include <map>
-#include <vector>
-
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace automotive {
-namespace vehicle {
-
-// Types used in configs, not to be exposed as public API.
-namespace defaultconfig_impl {
-
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::EvConnectorType;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::EvsServiceState;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::EvsServiceType;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::FuelType;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::GsrComplianceRequirementType;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::RawPropValues;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleApPowerStateReport;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleApPowerStateReq;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleAreaConfig;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleAreaMirror;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleAreaWindow;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleGear;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleHvacFanDirection;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleIgnitionState;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleOilLevel;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropConfig;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleProperty;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyAccess;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropertyChangeMode;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleSeatOccupancyState;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleTurnSignal;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleUnit;
-using ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehicleVendorPermission;
-
-struct ConfigDeclaration {
-    VehiclePropConfig config;
-
-    // This value will be used as an initial value for the property. If this field is specified for
-    // property that supports multiple areas then it will be used for all areas unless particular
-    // area is overridden in initialAreaValue field.
-    RawPropValues initialValue;
-    // Use initialAreaValues if it is necessary to specify different values per each area.
-    std::map<int32_t, RawPropValues> initialAreaValues;
-};
-
-const std::vector<ConfigDeclaration> kVehicleProperties = {
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {15000.0f}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_TYPE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(FuelType::FUEL_TYPE_UNLEADED)}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_EV_BATTERY_CAPACITY),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {150000.0f}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_EV_CONNECTOR_TYPE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(EvConnectorType::IEC_TYPE_1_AC)}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_DOOR_LOCATION),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {FUEL_DOOR_REAR_LEFT}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_EV_PORT_LOCATION),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {CHARGE_PORT_FRONT_LEFT}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_MULTI_EV_PORT_LOCATIONS),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {CHARGE_PORT_FRONT_LEFT, CHARGE_PORT_REAR_LEFT}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_MAKE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.stringValue = "Toy Vehicle"}},
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_MODEL),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.stringValue = "Speedy Model"}},
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_MODEL_YEAR),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {2020}}},
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_EXTERIOR_DIMENSIONS),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {1776, 4950, 2008, 2140, 2984, 1665, 1667, 11800}}},
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::PERF_VEHICLE_SPEED),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 10.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {0.0f}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::VEHICLE_SPEED_DISPLAY_UNITS),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                         .configArray = {toInt(VehicleUnit::METER_PER_SEC),
-                                         toInt(VehicleUnit::MILES_PER_HOUR),
-                                         toInt(VehicleUnit::KILOMETERS_PER_HOUR)},
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleUnit::KILOMETERS_PER_HOUR)}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_BATTERY_DISPLAY_UNITS),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                         .configArray = {toInt(VehicleUnit::WATT_HOUR),
-                                         toInt(VehicleUnit::AMPERE_HOURS),
-                                         toInt(VehicleUnit::KILOWATT_HOUR)},
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleUnit::KILOWATT_HOUR)}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::SEAT_BELT_BUCKLED),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_1_LEFT},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_1_RIGHT},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_2_LEFT},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_2_RIGHT},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_2_CENTER}}},
-         .initialAreaValues = {{SEAT_1_LEFT, {.int32Values = {0}}},
-                               {SEAT_1_RIGHT, {.int32Values = {0}}},
-                               {SEAT_2_LEFT, {.int32Values = {0}}},
-                               {SEAT_2_RIGHT, {.int32Values = {0}}},
-                               {SEAT_2_CENTER, {.int32Values = {0}}}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::SEAT_BELT_HEIGHT_POS),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_1_LEFT,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 10},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_1_RIGHT,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 10},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_2_LEFT,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 10},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_2_RIGHT,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 10},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_2_CENTER,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 10}}},
-         .initialAreaValues = {{SEAT_1_LEFT, {.int32Values = {10}}},
-                               {SEAT_1_RIGHT, {.int32Values = {10}}},
-                               {SEAT_2_LEFT, {.int32Values = {10}}},
-                               {SEAT_2_RIGHT, {.int32Values = {10}}},
-                               {SEAT_2_CENTER, {.int32Values = {10}}}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::SEAT_BELT_HEIGHT_MOVE),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_1_LEFT,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = -1,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 1},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_1_RIGHT,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = -1,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 1},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_2_LEFT,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = -1,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 1},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_2_RIGHT,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = -1,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 1},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = SEAT_2_CENTER,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = -1,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 1}}},
-         .initialAreaValues = {{SEAT_1_LEFT, {.int32Values = {0}}},
-                               {SEAT_1_RIGHT, {.int32Values = {0}}},
-                               {SEAT_2_LEFT, {.int32Values = {0}}},
-                               {SEAT_2_RIGHT, {.int32Values = {0}}},
-                               {SEAT_2_CENTER, {.int32Values = {0}}}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::SEAT_OCCUPANCY),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                         .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (SEAT_1_LEFT)},
-                                         VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (SEAT_1_RIGHT)}},
-                 },
-         .initialAreaValues = {{SEAT_1_LEFT,
-                                {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleSeatOccupancyState::VACANT)}}},
-                               {SEAT_1_RIGHT,
-                                {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleSeatOccupancyState::VACANT)}}}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_DRIVER_SEAT),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                         // this was a zoned property on an old vhal, but it is meant to be global
-                         .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {SEAT_1_LEFT}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::PERF_ODOMETER),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 10.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {0.0f}}},
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::PERF_STEERING_ANGLE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 10.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {0.0f}}},
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::PERF_REAR_STEERING_ANGLE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 10.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {0.0f}}},
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::ENGINE_RPM),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                                .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                                .maxSampleRate = 10.0f,
-                        },
-                .initialValue = {.floatValues = {0.0f}},
-        },
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::FUEL_LEVEL),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 100.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {15000.0f}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::FUEL_DOOR_OPEN),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_BATTERY_LEVEL),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 100.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {150000.0f}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_CHARGE_PORT_OPEN),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_CHARGE_PORT_CONNECTED),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_BATTERY_INSTANTANEOUS_CHARGE_RATE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 10.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {0.0f}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_CHARGE_CURRENT_DRAW_LIMIT),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                         .configArray = {/*max current draw allowed by vehicle in amperes=*/20},
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {(float)12.5}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_CHARGE_PERCENT_LIMIT),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                         .configArray = {20, 40, 60, 80, 100},
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {40}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_CHARGE_STATE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {2}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_CHARGE_SWITCH),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0 /* false */}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_CHARGE_TIME_REMAINING),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 10.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {20}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_REGENERATIVE_BRAKING_STATE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {2}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::TRAILER_PRESENT),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {2}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::VEHICLE_CURB_WEIGHT),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                         .configArray = {/*gross weight kg=*/2948},
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {2211 /*kg*/}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::RANGE_REMAINING),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 2.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {50000.0f}}},  // units in meters
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::TIRE_PRESSURE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                                 .areaId = WHEEL_FRONT_LEFT,
-                                                 .minFloatValue = 193.0f,
-                                                 .maxFloatValue = 300.0f,
-                                         },
-                                         VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                                 .areaId = WHEEL_FRONT_RIGHT,
-                                                 .minFloatValue = 193.0f,
-                                                 .maxFloatValue = 300.0f,
-                                         },
-                                         VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                                 .areaId = WHEEL_REAR_LEFT,
-                                                 .minFloatValue = 193.0f,
-                                                 .maxFloatValue = 300.0f,
-                                         },
-                                         VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                                 .areaId = WHEEL_REAR_RIGHT,
-                                                 .minFloatValue = 193.0f,
-                                                 .maxFloatValue = 300.0f,
-                                         }},
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 2.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {200.0f}}},  // units in kPa
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::CRITICALLY_LOW_TIRE_PRESSURE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                         .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = WHEEL_FRONT_LEFT},
-                                         VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = WHEEL_FRONT_RIGHT},
-                                         VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = WHEEL_REAR_RIGHT},
-                                         VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = WHEEL_REAR_LEFT}},
-                 },
-         .initialAreaValues = {{WHEEL_FRONT_LEFT, {.floatValues = {137.0f}}},
-                               {WHEEL_FRONT_RIGHT, {.floatValues = {137.0f}}},
-                               {WHEEL_REAR_RIGHT, {.floatValues = {137.0f}}},
-                               {WHEEL_REAR_LEFT, {.floatValues = {137.0f}}}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::TIRE_PRESSURE_DISPLAY_UNITS),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                         .configArray = {toInt(VehicleUnit::KILOPASCAL), toInt(VehicleUnit::PSI),
-                                         toInt(VehicleUnit::BAR)},
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleUnit::PSI)}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::CURRENT_GEAR),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                         .configArray = {toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_PARK),
-                                         toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_NEUTRAL),
-                                         toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_REVERSE),
-                                         toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_1), toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_2),
-                                         toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_3), toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_4),
-                                         toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_5)},
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_PARK)}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::PARKING_BRAKE_ON),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {1}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::PARKING_BRAKE_AUTO_APPLY),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {1}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::FUEL_LEVEL_LOW),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::FUEL_VOLUME_DISPLAY_UNITS),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                         .configArray = {(int)VehicleUnit::LITER, (int)VehicleUnit::US_GALLON},
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {(int)VehicleUnit::LITER}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(
-                                 VehicleProperty::FUEL_CONSUMPTION_UNITS_DISTANCE_OVER_VOLUME),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {1}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HW_KEY_INPUT),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0, 0, 0}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HW_ROTARY_INPUT),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0, 0, 0}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HW_CUSTOM_INPUT),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                         .configArray = {0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
-                 },
-         .initialValue =
-                 {
-                         .int32Values = {0, 0, 0},
-                 }},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_POWER_ON),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = HVAC_ALL}},
-                    // TODO(bryaneyler): Ideally, this is generated dynamically from
-                    // kHvacPowerProperties.
-                    .configArray = {toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_FAN_SPEED),
-                                    toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_FAN_DIRECTION)}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {1}}},
-
-        {
-                .config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_DEFROSTER),
-                           .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                           .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                           .areaConfigs =
-                                   {VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                            .areaId = toInt(VehicleAreaWindow::FRONT_WINDSHIELD)},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                            .areaId = toInt(VehicleAreaWindow::REAR_WINDSHIELD)}}},
-                .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}  // Will be used for all areas.
-        },
-        {
-                .config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_ELECTRIC_DEFROSTER_ON),
-                           .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                           .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                           .areaConfigs =
-                                   {VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                            .areaId = toInt(VehicleAreaWindow::FRONT_WINDSHIELD)},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                            .areaId = toInt(VehicleAreaWindow::REAR_WINDSHIELD)}}},
-                .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}  // Will be used for all areas.
-        },
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_MAX_DEFROST_ON),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = HVAC_ALL}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_RECIRC_ON),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = HVAC_ALL}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {1}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_AUTO_RECIRC_ON),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = HVAC_ALL}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_AC_ON),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = HVAC_ALL}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {1}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_MAX_AC_ON),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = HVAC_ALL}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_AUTO_ON),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = HVAC_ALL}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {1}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_DUAL_ON),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = HVAC_ALL}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_FAN_SPEED),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{
-                            .areaId = HVAC_ALL, .minInt32Value = 1, .maxInt32Value = 7}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {3}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_FAN_DIRECTION),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = HVAC_ALL}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleHvacFanDirection::FACE)}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_FAN_DIRECTION_AVAILABLE),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = HVAC_ALL}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {FAN_DIRECTION_FACE, FAN_DIRECTION_FLOOR,
-                                          FAN_DIRECTION_FACE | FAN_DIRECTION_FLOOR,
-                                          FAN_DIRECTION_DEFROST,
-                                          FAN_DIRECTION_FACE | FAN_DIRECTION_DEFROST,
-                                          FAN_DIRECTION_FLOOR | FAN_DIRECTION_DEFROST,
-                                          FAN_DIRECTION_FLOOR | FAN_DIRECTION_DEFROST |
-                                                  FAN_DIRECTION_FACE}}},
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_SEAT_VENTILATION),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                            .areaId = SEAT_1_LEFT,
-                                            .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                            .maxInt32Value = 3,
-                                    },
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                            .areaId = SEAT_1_RIGHT,
-                                            .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                            .maxInt32Value = 3,
-                                    }}},
-         .initialValue =
-                 {.int32Values = {0}}},  // 0 is off and +ve values indicate ventilation level.
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_STEERING_WHEEL_HEAT),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{
-                            .areaId = (0), .minInt32Value = -2, .maxInt32Value = 2}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},  // +ve values for heating and -ve for cooling
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_SEAT_TEMPERATURE),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                            .areaId = SEAT_1_LEFT,
-                                            .minInt32Value = -2,
-                                            .maxInt32Value = 2,
-                                    },
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                            .areaId = SEAT_1_RIGHT,
-                                            .minInt32Value = -2,
-                                            .maxInt32Value = 2,
-                                    }}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},  // +ve values for heating and -ve for cooling
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_SIDE_MIRROR_HEAT),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{
-                            .areaId = toInt(VehicleAreaMirror::DRIVER_LEFT) |
-                                      toInt(VehicleAreaMirror::DRIVER_RIGHT),
-                            .minInt32Value = 0,
-                            .maxInt32Value = 2,
-                    }}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_TEMPERATURE_SET),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .configArray = {160, 280, 5, 605, 825, 10},
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                            .areaId = HVAC_LEFT,
-                                            .minFloatValue = 16,
-                                            .maxFloatValue = 32,
-                                    },
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                            .areaId = HVAC_RIGHT,
-                                            .minFloatValue = 16,
-                                            .maxFloatValue = 32,
-                                    }}},
-         .initialAreaValues = {{HVAC_LEFT, {.floatValues = {16}}},
-                               {HVAC_RIGHT, {.floatValues = {20}}}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_TEMPERATURE_VALUE_SUGGESTION),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {66.2f, (float)VehicleUnit::FAHRENHEIT, 19.0f, 66.5f}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::ENV_OUTSIDE_TEMPERATURE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         // TODO(bryaneyler): Support ON_CHANGE as well.
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 2.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {25.0f}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_TEMPERATURE_DISPLAY_UNITS),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .configArray = {toInt(VehicleUnit::FAHRENHEIT), toInt(VehicleUnit::CELSIUS)}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleUnit::FAHRENHEIT)}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::DISTANCE_DISPLAY_UNITS),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                         .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
-                         .configArray = {toInt(VehicleUnit::KILOMETER), toInt(VehicleUnit::MILE)},
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleUnit::MILE)}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::NIGHT_MODE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::GEAR_SELECTION),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                         .configArray = {toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_PARK),
-                                         toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_NEUTRAL),
-                                         toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_REVERSE),
-                                         toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_DRIVE), toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_1),
-                                         toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_2), toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_3),
-                                         toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_4), toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_5)},
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleGear::GEAR_PARK)}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::TURN_SIGNAL_STATE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleTurnSignal::NONE)}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::IGNITION_STATE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleIgnitionState::ON)}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::ENGINE_COOLANT_TEMP),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 10.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {75.0f}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::ENGINE_OIL_LEVEL),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleOilLevel::NORMAL)}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::ENGINE_OIL_TEMP),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .minSampleRate = 0.1,  // 0.1 Hz, every 10 seconds
-                         .maxSampleRate = 10,   // 10 Hz, every 100 ms
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.floatValues = {101.0f}}},
-
-        {
-                .config = {.prop = kMixedTypePropertyForTest,
-                           .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                           .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                           .configArray = {1, 1, 0, 2, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0}},
-                .initialValue =
-                        {
-                                .int32Values = {1 /* indicate TRUE boolean value */, 2, 3},
-                                .floatValues = {4.5f},
-                                .stringValue = "MIXED property",
-                        },
-        },
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::DOOR_LOCK),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = DOOR_1_LEFT},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = DOOR_1_RIGHT},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = DOOR_2_LEFT},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = DOOR_2_RIGHT}}},
-         .initialAreaValues = {{DOOR_1_LEFT, {.int32Values = {1}}},
-                               {DOOR_1_RIGHT, {.int32Values = {1}}},
-                               {DOOR_2_LEFT, {.int32Values = {1}}},
-                               {DOOR_2_RIGHT, {.int32Values = {1}}}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::DOOR_POS),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs =
-                            {VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                     .areaId = DOOR_1_LEFT, .minInt32Value = 0, .maxInt32Value = 1},
-                             VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = DOOR_1_RIGHT,
-                                               .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                               .maxInt32Value = 1},
-                             VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                     .areaId = DOOR_2_LEFT, .minInt32Value = 0, .maxInt32Value = 1},
-                             VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = DOOR_2_RIGHT,
-                                               .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                               .maxInt32Value = 1},
-                             VehicleAreaConfig{
-                                     .areaId = DOOR_REAR, .minInt32Value = 0, .maxInt32Value = 1}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::WINDOW_LOCK),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = WINDOW_1_RIGHT | WINDOW_2_LEFT |
-                                                                WINDOW_2_RIGHT}}},
-         .initialAreaValues = {{WINDOW_1_RIGHT | WINDOW_2_LEFT | WINDOW_2_RIGHT,
-                                {.int32Values = {0}}}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::WINDOW_POS),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = WINDOW_1_LEFT,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 10},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = WINDOW_1_RIGHT,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 10},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = WINDOW_2_LEFT,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 10},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = WINDOW_2_RIGHT,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = 0,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 10},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = WINDOW_ROOF_TOP_1,
-                                                      .minInt32Value = -10,
-                                                      .maxInt32Value = 10}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = WHEEL_TICK,
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-                         .configArray = {ALL_WHEELS, 50000, 50000, 50000, 50000},
-                         .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
-                         .maxSampleRate = 10.0f,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int64Values = {0, 100000, 200000, 300000, 400000}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = ABS_ACTIVE,
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = TRACTION_CONTROL_ACTIVE,
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::AP_POWER_STATE_REQ),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .configArray = {0}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::AP_POWER_STATE_REPORT),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(VehicleApPowerStateReport::WAIT_FOR_VHAL), 0}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::DISPLAY_BRIGHTNESS),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.minInt32Value = 0, .maxInt32Value = 100}}},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {100}}},
-
-        {
-                .config = {.prop = OBD2_LIVE_FRAME,
-                           .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                           .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                           .configArray = {0, 0}},
-        },
-
-        {
-                .config = {.prop = OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME,
-                           .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                           .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                           .configArray = {0, 0}},
-        },
-
-        {
-                .config = {.prop = OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME_INFO,
-                           .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                           .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE},
-        },
-
-        {
-                .config = {.prop = OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME_CLEAR,
-                           .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE,
-                           .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                           .configArray = {1}},
-        },
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HEADLIGHTS_STATE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_STATE_ON}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HIGH_BEAM_LIGHTS_STATE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_STATE_ON}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::FRONT_FOG_LIGHTS_STATE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_STATE_ON}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::REAR_FOG_LIGHTS_STATE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_STATE_ON}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HAZARD_LIGHTS_STATE),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_STATE_ON}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HEADLIGHTS_SWITCH),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_SWITCH_AUTO}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HIGH_BEAM_LIGHTS_SWITCH),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_SWITCH_AUTO}}},
-
-        // FOG_LIGHTS_SWITCH must not be implemented when FRONT_FOG_LIGHTS_SWITCH is implemented
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::FRONT_FOG_LIGHTS_SWITCH),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_SWITCH_AUTO}}},
-
-        // FOG_LIGHTS_SWITCH must not be implemented when REAR_FOG_LIGHTS_SWITCH is implemented
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::REAR_FOG_LIGHTS_SWITCH),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_SWITCH_AUTO}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HAZARD_LIGHTS_SWITCH),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_SWITCH_AUTO}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EVS_SERVICE_REQUEST),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(EvsServiceType::REARVIEW),
-                                          toInt(EvsServiceState::OFF)}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = VEHICLE_MAP_SERVICE,
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE}},
-
-        // Example Vendor Extension properties for testing
-        {.config = {.prop = VENDOR_EXTENSION_BOOLEAN_PROPERTY,
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = DOOR_1_LEFT},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = DOOR_1_RIGHT},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = DOOR_2_LEFT},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = DOOR_2_RIGHT}}},
-         .initialAreaValues = {{DOOR_1_LEFT, {.int32Values = {1}}},
-                               {DOOR_1_RIGHT, {.int32Values = {1}}},
-                               {DOOR_2_LEFT, {.int32Values = {0}}},
-                               {DOOR_2_RIGHT, {.int32Values = {0}}}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = VENDOR_EXTENSION_FLOAT_PROPERTY,
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = HVAC_LEFT,
-                                                      .minFloatValue = -10,
-                                                      .maxFloatValue = 10},
-                                    VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = HVAC_RIGHT,
-                                                      .minFloatValue = -10,
-                                                      .maxFloatValue = 10}}},
-         .initialAreaValues = {{HVAC_LEFT, {.floatValues = {1}}},
-                               {HVAC_RIGHT, {.floatValues = {2}}}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = VENDOR_EXTENSION_INT_PROPERTY,
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                    .areaConfigs =
-                            {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = toInt(VehicleAreaWindow::FRONT_WINDSHIELD),
-                                               .minInt32Value = -100,
-                                               .maxInt32Value = 100},
-                             VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = toInt(VehicleAreaWindow::REAR_WINDSHIELD),
-                                               .minInt32Value = -100,
-                                               .maxInt32Value = 100},
-                             VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = toInt(VehicleAreaWindow::ROOF_TOP_1),
-                                               .minInt32Value = -100,
-                                               .maxInt32Value = 100}}},
-         .initialAreaValues = {{toInt(VehicleAreaWindow::FRONT_WINDSHIELD), {.int32Values = {1}}},
-                               {toInt(VehicleAreaWindow::REAR_WINDSHIELD), {.int32Values = {0}}},
-                               {toInt(VehicleAreaWindow::ROOF_TOP_1), {.int32Values = {-1}}}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = VENDOR_EXTENSION_STRING_PROPERTY,
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE},
-         .initialValue = {.stringValue = "Vendor String Property"}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::ELECTRONIC_TOLL_COLLECTION_CARD_TYPE),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::ELECTRONIC_TOLL_COLLECTION_CARD_STATUS),
-                    .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                    .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE},
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
-
-        {.config =
-                 {
-                         .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::SUPPORT_CUSTOMIZE_VENDOR_PERMISSION),
-                         .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                         .configArray = {kMixedTypePropertyForTest,
-                                         toInt(VehicleVendorPermission::
-                                                       PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_INFO),
-                                         toInt(VehicleVendorPermission::
-                                                       PERMISSION_SET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_INFO),
-                                         VENDOR_EXTENSION_INT_PROPERTY,
-                                         toInt(VehicleVendorPermission::
-                                                       PERMISSION_GET_VENDOR_CATEGORY_SEAT),
-                                         toInt(VehicleVendorPermission::PERMISSION_NOT_ACCESSIBLE),
-                                         VENDOR_EXTENSION_FLOAT_PROPERTY,
-                                         toInt(VehicleVendorPermission::PERMISSION_DEFAULT),
-                                         toInt(VehicleVendorPermission::PERMISSION_DEFAULT)},
-                 },
-         .initialValue = {.int32Values = {1}}},
-
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INITIAL_USER_INFO),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::SWITCH_USER),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::CREATE_USER),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::REMOVE_USER),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::USER_IDENTIFICATION_ASSOCIATION),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::POWER_POLICY_REQ),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::POWER_POLICY_GROUP_REQ),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::CURRENT_POWER_POLICY),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::ANDROID_EPOCH_TIME),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::WATCHDOG_ALIVE),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::WATCHDOG_TERMINATED_PROCESS),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::VHAL_HEARTBEAT),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_SWITCH_UI),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-                .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0 /* ClusterHome */}},
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_DISPLAY_STATE),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-                .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0 /* Off */, -1, -1, -1, -1 /* Bounds */, -1, -1,
-                                                 -1, -1 /* Insets */}},
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_REPORT_STATE),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                                .configArray = {0, 0, 0, 11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 16},
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_REQUEST_DISPLAY),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_NAVIGATION_STATE),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = PLACEHOLDER_PROPERTY_INT,
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-                .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}},
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = PLACEHOLDER_PROPERTY_FLOAT,
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-                .initialValue = {.floatValues = {0.0f}},
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = PLACEHOLDER_PROPERTY_BOOLEAN,
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-                .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0 /* false */}},
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = PLACEHOLDER_PROPERTY_STRING,
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-                .initialValue = {.stringValue = {"Test"}},
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = ECHO_REVERSE_BYTES,
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = toInt(
-                                        VehicleProperty::
-                                                GENERAL_SAFETY_REGULATION_COMPLIANCE_REQUIREMENT),
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-                        },
-                .initialValue = {.int32Values = {toInt(
-                                         GsrComplianceRequirementType::
-                                                 GSR_COMPLIANCE_REQUIRED_THROUGH_SYSTEM_IMAGE)}},
-        },
-#ifdef ENABLE_VENDOR_CLUSTER_PROPERTY_FOR_TESTING
-        // Vendor propetry for E2E ClusterHomeService testing.
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = VENDOR_CLUSTER_SWITCH_UI,
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = VENDOR_CLUSTER_DISPLAY_STATE,
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::WRITE,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = VENDOR_CLUSTER_REPORT_STATE,
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                                .configArray = {0, 0, 0, 11, 0, 0, 0, 0, 16},
-                        },
-                .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0 /* Off */, -1, -1, -1, -1 /* Bounds */, -1, -1,
-                                                 -1, -1 /* Insets */, 0 /* ClusterHome */,
-                                                 -1 /* ClusterNone */}},
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = VENDOR_CLUSTER_REQUEST_DISPLAY,
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-                .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0 /* ClusterHome */}},
-        },
-        {
-                .config =
-                        {
-                                .prop = VENDOR_CLUSTER_NAVIGATION_STATE,
-                                .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                                .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                        },
-        },
-#endif  // ENABLE_VENDOR_CLUSTER_PROPERTY_FOR_TESTING
-};
-
-}  // namespace defaultconfig_impl
-
-// public namespace
-namespace defaultconfig {
-
-typedef defaultconfig_impl::ConfigDeclaration ConfigDeclaration;
-
-inline constexpr const std::vector<ConfigDeclaration>& getDefaultConfigs() {
-    return defaultconfig_impl::kVehicleProperties;
-}
-
-}  // namespace defaultconfig
-
-}  // namespace vehicle
-}  // namespace automotive
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
-
-#endif  // android_hardware_automotive_vehicle_aidl_impl_default_config_include_DefaultConfig_H_
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/test/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/test/Android.bp
index 771472c..8702eae 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/test/Android.bp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/test/Android.bp
@@ -24,11 +24,47 @@
     defaults: ["VehicleHalDefaults"],
     srcs: ["*.cpp"],
     static_libs: [
+        "VehicleHalJsonConfigLoader",
         "VehicleHalUtils",
+        "libgmock",
         "libgtest",
     ],
     header_libs: [
-        "VehicleHalDefaultConfig",
+        "IVehicleGeneratedHeaders",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libjsoncpp",
+    ],
+    data: [
+        ":VehicleHalDefaultProperties_JSON",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["device-tests"],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VehicleHalDefaultConfigTestEnableTestProperties",
+    vendor: true,
+    defaults: ["VehicleHalDefaults"],
+    srcs: ["*.cpp"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "VehicleHalJsonConfigLoaderEnableTestProperties",
+        "VehicleHalUtils",
+        "libgmock",
+        "libgtest",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-DENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES",
+    ],
+    header_libs: [
+        "IVehicleGeneratedHeaders",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libjsoncpp",
+    ],
+    data: [
+        ":VehicleHalDefaultProperties_JSON",
+        ":VehicleHalTestProperties_JSON",
+        ":VehicleHalVendorClusterTestProperties_JSON",
     ],
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/test/DefaultConfigTest.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/test/DefaultConfigTest.cpp
index baaae75..95fecfe 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/test/DefaultConfigTest.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/default_config/test/DefaultConfigTest.cpp
@@ -14,27 +14,75 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <DefaultConfig.h>
+#include <JsonConfigLoader.h>
 #include <VehicleUtils.h>
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <unordered_map>
 
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace automotive {
 namespace vehicle {
-namespace defaultconfig {
 
 namespace test {
 
-TEST(DefaultConfigTest, loadDefaultConfigs) {
-    for (ConfigDeclaration config : getDefaultConfigs()) {
-        ASSERT_NE(0, config.config.prop);
-    }
+using ::android::base::Error;
+using ::android::base::Result;
+using ::testing::UnorderedElementsAreArray;
+
+constexpr char kDefaultPropertiesConfigFile[] = "DefaultProperties.json";
+
+#ifdef ENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES
+constexpr char kTestPropertiesConfigFile[] = "TestProperties.json";
+constexpr char kVendorClusterTestPropertiesConfigFile[] = "VendorClusterTestProperties.json";
+#endif  // ENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES
+
+std::string getTestFilePath(const char* filename) {
+    static std::string baseDir = android::base::GetExecutableDirectory();
+    return baseDir + "/" + filename;
 }
 
+Result<std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration>> loadConfig(JsonConfigLoader& loader,
+                                                                  const char* path) {
+    std::string configPath = getTestFilePath(path);
+    std::ifstream ifs(configPath.c_str());
+    if (!ifs) {
+        return Error() << "couldn't open %s for parsing." << configPath;
+    }
+
+    return loader.loadPropConfig(ifs);
+}
+
+TEST(DefaultConfigTest, TestloadDefaultProperties) {
+    JsonConfigLoader loader;
+    auto result = loadConfig(loader, kDefaultPropertiesConfigFile);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+}
+
+#ifdef ENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES
+
+TEST(DefaultConfigTest, TestloadTestProperties) {
+    JsonConfigLoader loader;
+    auto result = loadConfig(loader, kTestPropertiesConfigFile);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+}
+
+TEST(DefaultConfigTest, TestloadVendorClusterTestProperties) {
+    JsonConfigLoader loader;
+    auto result = loadConfig(loader, kVendorClusterTestPropertiesConfigFile);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << result.error().message();
+}
+
+#endif  // ENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES
+
 }  // namespace test
 
-}  // namespace defaultconfig
 }  // namespace vehicle
 }  // namespace automotive
 }  // namespace hardware
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/Android.bp
index dcd9208..4c17cde 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/Android.bp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/Android.bp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
     srcs: ["src/*.cpp"],
     local_include_dirs: ["include"],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    cflags: ["-DENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES"],
     defaults: [
         "VehicleHalDefaults",
         "FakeVehicleHardwareDefaults",
@@ -32,18 +33,23 @@
 
 cc_defaults {
     name: "FakeVehicleHardwareDefaults",
-    cflags: ["-DENABLE_VENDOR_CLUSTER_PROPERTY_FOR_TESTING"],
     header_libs: [
         "IVehicleHardware",
-        "VehicleHalDefaultConfig",
+        "VehicleHalTestUtilHeaders",
     ],
     export_header_lib_headers: ["IVehicleHardware"],
     static_libs: [
+        "VehicleHalJsonConfigLoaderEnableTestProperties",
         "VehicleHalUtils",
         "FakeVehicleHalValueGenerators",
         "FakeObd2Frame",
         "FakeUserHal",
     ],
+    required: [
+        "Prebuilt_VehicleHalDefaultProperties_JSON",
+        "Prebuilt_VehicleHalTestProperties_JSON",
+        "Prebuilt_VehicleHalVendorClusterTestProperties_JSON",
+    ],
     shared_libs: [
         "libjsoncpp",
     ],
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/include/FakeVehicleHardware.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/include/FakeVehicleHardware.h
index 8cc19b1..1636cb6 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/include/FakeVehicleHardware.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/include/FakeVehicleHardware.h
@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@
 #define android_hardware_automotive_vehicle_aidl_impl_fake_impl_hardware_include_FakeVehicleHardware_H_
 
 #include <ConcurrentQueue.h>
-#include <DefaultConfig.h>
+#include <ConfigDeclaration.h>
 #include <FakeObd2Frame.h>
 #include <FakeUserHal.h>
 #include <GeneratorHub.h>
 #include <IVehicleHardware.h>
+#include <JsonConfigLoader.h>
 #include <RecurrentTimer.h>
 #include <VehicleHalTypes.h>
 #include <VehiclePropertyStore.h>
@@ -32,9 +33,9 @@
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
 
-#include <map>
 #include <memory>
 #include <mutex>
+#include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -49,7 +50,8 @@
 
     FakeVehicleHardware();
 
-    explicit FakeVehicleHardware(std::unique_ptr<VehiclePropValuePool> valuePool);
+    FakeVehicleHardware(std::string defaultConfigDir, std::string overrideConfigDir,
+                        bool forceOverride);
 
     ~FakeVehicleHardware();
 
@@ -151,17 +153,23 @@
                                   aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::SetValueRequest>
             mPendingSetValueRequests;
 
+    const std::string mDefaultConfigDir;
+    const std::string mOverrideConfigDir;
+    const bool mForceOverride;
+
+    // Only used during initialization.
+    JsonConfigLoader mLoader;
+
     void init();
     // Stores the initial value to property store.
-    void storePropInitialValue(const defaultconfig::ConfigDeclaration& config);
+    void storePropInitialValue(const ConfigDeclaration& config);
     // The callback that would be called when a vehicle property value change happens.
     void onValueChangeCallback(
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value);
-    // If property "persist.vendor.vhal_init_value_override" is set to true, override the properties
-    // using config files in 'overrideDir'.
-    void maybeOverrideProperties(const char* overrideDir);
-    // Override the properties using config files in 'overrideDir'.
-    void overrideProperties(const char* overrideDir);
+    // Load the config files in format '*.json' from the directory and parse the config files
+    // into a map from property ID to ConfigDeclarations.
+    void loadPropConfigsFromDir(const std::string& dirPath,
+                                std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration>* configs);
     // Function to be called when a value change event comes from vehicle bus. In our fake
     // implementation, this function is only called during "--inject-event" dump command.
     void eventFromVehicleBus(
@@ -185,6 +193,8 @@
             const aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::VehiclePropValue& value) const;
     bool isHvacPropAndHvacNotAvailable(int32_t propId);
 
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration> loadConfigDeclarations();
+
     std::string dumpAllProperties();
     std::string dumpOnePropertyByConfig(
             int rowNumber,
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/src/FakeVehicleHardware.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/src/FakeVehicleHardware.cpp
index 7c451fe..d87e5aa 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/src/FakeVehicleHardware.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/src/FakeVehicleHardware.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 
 #include "FakeVehicleHardware.h"
 
-#include <DefaultConfig.h>
 #include <FakeObd2Frame.h>
 #include <JsonFakeValueGenerator.h>
 #include <LinearFakeValueGenerator.h>
@@ -27,6 +26,8 @@
 #include <TestPropertyUtils.h>
 #include <VehicleHalTypes.h>
 #include <VehicleUtils.h>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/parsedouble.h>
 #include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
@@ -74,9 +75,16 @@
 using ::android::base::StartsWith;
 using ::android::base::StringPrintf;
 
-const char* VENDOR_OVERRIDE_DIR = "/vendor/etc/automotive/vhaloverride/";
-const char* OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "persist.vendor.vhal_init_value_override";
-const char* POWER_STATE_REQ_CONFIG_PROPERTY = "ro.vendor.fake_vhal.ap_power_state_req.config";
+// The directory for default property configuration file.
+// For config file format, see impl/default_config/config/README.md.
+constexpr char DEFAULT_CONFIG_DIR[] = "/vendor/etc/automotive/vhalconfig/";
+// The directory for property configuration file that overrides the default configuration file.
+// For config file format, see impl/default_config/config/README.md.
+constexpr char OVERRIDE_CONFIG_DIR[] = "/vendor/etc/automotive/vhaloverride/";
+// If OVERRIDE_PROPERTY is set, we will use the configuration files from OVERRIDE_CONFIG_DIR to
+// overwrite the default configs.
+constexpr char OVERRIDE_PROPERTY[] = "persist.vendor.vhal_init_value_override";
+constexpr char POWER_STATE_REQ_CONFIG_PROPERTY[] = "ro.vendor.fake_vhal.ap_power_state_req.config";
 
 // A list of supported options for "--set" command.
 const std::unordered_set<std::string> SET_PROP_OPTIONS = {
@@ -97,7 +105,7 @@
 
 }  // namespace
 
-void FakeVehicleHardware::storePropInitialValue(const defaultconfig::ConfigDeclaration& config) {
+void FakeVehicleHardware::storePropInitialValue(const ConfigDeclaration& config) {
     const VehiclePropConfig& vehiclePropConfig = config.config;
     int propId = vehiclePropConfig.prop;
 
@@ -139,10 +147,11 @@
 }
 
 FakeVehicleHardware::FakeVehicleHardware()
-    : FakeVehicleHardware(std::make_unique<VehiclePropValuePool>()) {}
+    : FakeVehicleHardware(DEFAULT_CONFIG_DIR, OVERRIDE_CONFIG_DIR, false) {}
 
-FakeVehicleHardware::FakeVehicleHardware(std::unique_ptr<VehiclePropValuePool> valuePool)
-    : mValuePool(std::move(valuePool)),
+FakeVehicleHardware::FakeVehicleHardware(std::string defaultConfigDir,
+                                         std::string overrideConfigDir, bool forceOverride)
+    : mValuePool(std::make_unique<VehiclePropValuePool>()),
       mServerSidePropStore(new VehiclePropertyStore(mValuePool)),
       mFakeObd2Frame(new obd2frame::FakeObd2Frame(mServerSidePropStore)),
       mFakeUserHal(new FakeUserHal(mValuePool)),
@@ -150,7 +159,10 @@
       mGeneratorHub(new GeneratorHub(
               [this](const VehiclePropValue& value) { eventFromVehicleBus(value); })),
       mPendingGetValueRequests(this),
-      mPendingSetValueRequests(this) {
+      mPendingSetValueRequests(this),
+      mDefaultConfigDir(defaultConfigDir),
+      mOverrideConfigDir(overrideConfigDir),
+      mForceOverride(forceOverride) {
     init();
 }
 
@@ -160,9 +172,19 @@
     mGeneratorHub.reset();
 }
 
+std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration> FakeVehicleHardware::loadConfigDeclarations() {
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration> configsByPropId;
+    loadPropConfigsFromDir(mDefaultConfigDir, &configsByPropId);
+    if (mForceOverride ||
+        android::base::GetBoolProperty(OVERRIDE_PROPERTY, /*default_value=*/false)) {
+        loadPropConfigsFromDir(mOverrideConfigDir, &configsByPropId);
+    }
+    return configsByPropId;
+}
+
 void FakeVehicleHardware::init() {
-    for (auto& it : defaultconfig::getDefaultConfigs()) {
-        VehiclePropConfig cfg = it.config;
+    for (auto& [_, configDeclaration] : loadConfigDeclarations()) {
+        VehiclePropConfig cfg = configDeclaration.config;
         VehiclePropertyStore::TokenFunction tokenFunction = nullptr;
 
         if (cfg.prop == toInt(VehicleProperty::AP_POWER_STATE_REQ)) {
@@ -178,15 +200,18 @@
             // logic.
             continue;
         }
-        storePropInitialValue(it);
+        storePropInitialValue(configDeclaration);
     }
 
-    maybeOverrideProperties(VENDOR_OVERRIDE_DIR);
-
     // OBD2_LIVE_FRAME and OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME must be configured in default configs.
-    mFakeObd2Frame->initObd2LiveFrame(*mServerSidePropStore->getConfig(OBD2_LIVE_FRAME).value());
-    mFakeObd2Frame->initObd2FreezeFrame(
-            *mServerSidePropStore->getConfig(OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME).value());
+    auto maybeObd2LiveFrame = mServerSidePropStore->getConfig(OBD2_LIVE_FRAME);
+    if (maybeObd2LiveFrame.has_value()) {
+        mFakeObd2Frame->initObd2LiveFrame(*maybeObd2LiveFrame.value());
+    }
+    auto maybeObd2FreezeFrame = mServerSidePropStore->getConfig(OBD2_FREEZE_FRAME);
+    if (maybeObd2FreezeFrame.has_value()) {
+        mFakeObd2Frame->initObd2FreezeFrame(*maybeObd2FreezeFrame.value());
+    }
 
     mServerSidePropStore->setOnValueChangeCallback(
             [this](const VehiclePropValue& value) { return onValueChangeCallback(value); });
@@ -408,7 +433,7 @@
             *isSpecialValue = true;
             return mFakeObd2Frame->clearObd2FreezeFrames(value);
 
-#ifdef ENABLE_VENDOR_CLUSTER_PROPERTY_FOR_TESTING
+#ifdef ENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES
         case toInt(VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_REPORT_STATE):
             [[fallthrough]];
         case toInt(VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_REQUEST_DISPLAY):
@@ -436,7 +461,7 @@
                        << getErrorMsg(writeResult);
             }
             return {};
-#endif  // ENABLE_VENDOR_CLUSTER_PROPERTY_FOR_TESTING
+#endif  // ENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES
 
         default:
             break;
@@ -1264,33 +1289,26 @@
     (*mOnPropertyChangeCallback)(std::move(updatedValues));
 }
 
-void FakeVehicleHardware::maybeOverrideProperties(const char* overrideDir) {
-    if (android::base::GetBoolProperty(OVERRIDE_PROPERTY, false)) {
-        overrideProperties(overrideDir);
-    }
-}
-
-void FakeVehicleHardware::overrideProperties(const char* overrideDir) {
-    ALOGI("loading vendor override properties from %s", overrideDir);
-    if (auto dir = opendir(overrideDir); dir != NULL) {
+void FakeVehicleHardware::loadPropConfigsFromDir(
+        const std::string& dirPath,
+        std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration>* configsByPropId) {
+    ALOGI("loading properties from %s", dirPath.c_str());
+    if (auto dir = opendir(dirPath.c_str()); dir != NULL) {
         std::regex regJson(".*[.]json", std::regex::icase);
         while (auto f = readdir(dir)) {
             if (!std::regex_match(f->d_name, regJson)) {
                 continue;
             }
-            std::string file = overrideDir + std::string(f->d_name);
-            JsonFakeValueGenerator tmpGenerator(file);
-
-            std::vector<VehiclePropValue> propValues = tmpGenerator.getAllEvents();
-            for (const VehiclePropValue& prop : propValues) {
-                auto propToStore = mValuePool->obtain(prop);
-                propToStore->timestamp = elapsedRealtimeNano();
-                if (auto result = mServerSidePropStore->writeValue(std::move(propToStore),
-                                                                   /*updateStatus=*/true);
-                    !result.ok()) {
-                    ALOGW("failed to write vendor override properties: %d, error: %s, code: %d",
-                          prop.prop, getErrorMsg(result).c_str(), getIntErrorCode(result));
-                }
+            std::string filePath = dirPath + "/" + std::string(f->d_name);
+            ALOGI("loading properties from %s", filePath.c_str());
+            auto result = mLoader.loadPropConfig(filePath);
+            if (!result.ok()) {
+                ALOGE("failed to load config file: %s, error: %s", filePath.c_str(),
+                      result.error().message().c_str());
+                continue;
+            }
+            for (auto& [propId, configDeclaration] : result.value()) {
+                (*configsByPropId)[propId] = std::move(configDeclaration);
             }
         }
         closedir(dir);
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/Android.bp
index cfd6577..8d8fcf5 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/Android.bp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/Android.bp
@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@
     name: "FakeVehicleHardwareTest",
     vendor: true,
     srcs: ["*.cpp"],
-    cflags: ["-DENABLE_VENDOR_CLUSTER_PROPERTY_FOR_TESTING"],
+    cflags: ["-DENABLE_VEHICLE_HAL_TEST_PROPERTIES"],
     header_libs: [
         "IVehicleHardware",
-        "VehicleHalDefaultConfig",
         "VehicleHalTestUtilHeaders",
     ],
     static_libs: [
+        "VehicleHalJsonConfigLoaderEnableTestProperties",
         "VehicleHalUtils",
         "FakeVehicleHardware",
         "FakeVehicleHalValueGenerators",
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@
         "libjsoncpp",
     ],
     data: [
+        ":VehicleHalDefaultProperties_JSON",
+        ":VehicleHalTestProperties_JSON",
+        ":VehicleHalVendorClusterTestProperties_JSON",
         ":FakeVehicleHardwareTestOverrideJson",
         ":FakeVehicleHardwareTestPropJson",
     ],
@@ -55,5 +58,5 @@
 
 filegroup {
     name: "FakeVehicleHardwareTestPropJson",
-    srcs: ["prop.json"],
+    srcs: ["fakedata/prop.json"],
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/FakeVehicleHardwareTest.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/FakeVehicleHardwareTest.cpp
index ab6bf51..c230c51 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/FakeVehicleHardwareTest.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/FakeVehicleHardwareTest.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 #include <FakeVehicleHardware.h>
 
-#include <DefaultConfig.h>
 #include <FakeObd2Frame.h>
 #include <FakeUserHal.h>
 #include <PropertyUtils.h>
@@ -80,7 +79,9 @@
   public:
     FakeVehicleHardwareTestHelper(FakeVehicleHardware* hardware) { mHardware = hardware; }
 
-    void overrideProperties(const char* overrideDir) { mHardware->overrideProperties(overrideDir); }
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, ConfigDeclaration> loadConfigDeclarations() {
+        return mHardware->loadConfigDeclarations();
+    }
 
   private:
     FakeVehicleHardware* mHardware;
@@ -89,7 +90,9 @@
 class FakeVehicleHardwareTest : public ::testing::Test {
   protected:
     void SetUp() override {
-        mHardware = std::make_unique<FakeVehicleHardware>();
+        mHardware = std::make_unique<FakeVehicleHardware>(android::base::GetExecutableDirectory(),
+                                                          /*overrideConfigDir=*/"",
+                                                          /*forceOverride=*/false);
         auto callback = std::make_unique<IVehicleHardware::PropertyChangeCallback>(
                 [this](const std::vector<VehiclePropValue>& values) {
                     onPropertyChangeEvent(values);
@@ -109,6 +112,10 @@
 
     FakeVehicleHardware* getHardware() { return mHardware.get(); }
 
+    void setHardware(std::unique_ptr<FakeVehicleHardware> hardware) {
+        mHardware = std::move(hardware);
+    }
+
     StatusCode setValues(const std::vector<SetValueRequest>& requests) {
         {
             std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
@@ -374,7 +381,8 @@
 TEST_F(FakeVehicleHardwareTest, testGetAllPropertyConfigs) {
     std::vector<VehiclePropConfig> configs = getHardware()->getAllPropertyConfigs();
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), defaultconfig::getDefaultConfigs().size());
+    FakeVehicleHardwareTestHelper helper(getHardware());
+    ASSERT_EQ(configs.size(), helper.loadConfigDeclarations().size());
 }
 
 TEST_F(FakeVehicleHardwareTest, testGetDefaultValues) {
@@ -382,7 +390,8 @@
     std::vector<GetValueResult> expectedGetValueResults;
     int64_t requestId = 1;
 
-    for (auto& config : defaultconfig::getDefaultConfigs()) {
+    FakeVehicleHardwareTestHelper helper(getHardware());
+    for (auto& [propId, config] : helper.loadConfigDeclarations()) {
         if (obd2frame::FakeObd2Frame::isDiagnosticProperty(config.config)) {
             // Ignore storing default value for diagnostic property. They have special get/set
             // logic.
@@ -394,12 +403,11 @@
             continue;
         }
 
-        if (config.config.prop == ECHO_REVERSE_BYTES) {
+        if (propId == ECHO_REVERSE_BYTES) {
             // Ignore ECHO_REVERSE_BYTES, it has special logic.
             continue;
         }
 
-        int propId = config.config.prop;
         if (isGlobalProp(propId)) {
             if (config.initialValue == RawPropValues{}) {
                 addGetValueRequest(getValueRequests, expectedGetValueResults, requestId++,
@@ -657,10 +665,12 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(FakeVehicleHardwareTest, testVendorOverrideProperties) {
-    std::string overrideDir = android::base::GetExecutableDirectory() + "/override/";
+    std::string currentDir = android::base::GetExecutableDirectory();
+    std::string overrideDir = currentDir + "/override/";
     // Set vendor override directory.
-    FakeVehicleHardwareTestHelper helper(getHardware());
-    helper.overrideProperties(overrideDir.c_str());
+    std::unique_ptr<FakeVehicleHardware> hardware =
+            std::make_unique<FakeVehicleHardware>(currentDir, overrideDir, /*forceOverride=*/true);
+    setHardware(std::move(hardware));
 
     // This is the same as the prop in 'gear_selection.json'.
     int gearProp = toInt(VehicleProperty::GEAR_SELECTION);
@@ -695,10 +705,12 @@
 }
 
 TEST_F(FakeVehicleHardwareTest, testVendorOverridePropertiesMultipleAreas) {
-    std::string overrideDir = android::base::GetExecutableDirectory() + "/override/";
+    std::string currentDir = android::base::GetExecutableDirectory();
+    std::string overrideDir = currentDir + "/override/";
     // Set vendor override directory.
-    FakeVehicleHardwareTestHelper helper(getHardware());
-    helper.overrideProperties(overrideDir.c_str());
+    std::unique_ptr<FakeVehicleHardware> hardware =
+            std::make_unique<FakeVehicleHardware>(currentDir, overrideDir, /*forceOverride=*/true);
+    setHardware(std::move(hardware));
 
     // This is the same as the prop in 'hvac_temperature_set.json'.
     int hvacProp = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_TEMPERATURE_SET);
@@ -711,22 +723,16 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << "expect to get the overridden property ok: " << getStatus(result);
     ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(1), result.value().value.floatValues.size());
     ASSERT_EQ(30.0f, result.value().value.floatValues[0]);
-
-    // HVAC_RIGHT should not be affected and return the default value.
-    result = getValue(VehiclePropValue{
-            .prop = hvacProp,
-            .areaId = HVAC_RIGHT,
-    });
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(result.ok()) << "expect to get the default property ok: " << getStatus(result);
-    ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(1), result.value().value.floatValues.size());
-    ASSERT_EQ(20.0f, result.value().value.floatValues[0]);
 }
 
 TEST_F(FakeVehicleHardwareTest, testVendorOverridePropertiesDirDoesNotExist) {
-    // Set vendor override directory to a non-existing dir
-    FakeVehicleHardwareTestHelper helper(getHardware());
-    helper.overrideProperties("123");
+    std::string currentDir = android::base::GetExecutableDirectory();
+    std::string overrideDir = currentDir + "/override/";
+    // Set vendor override directory to a non-existing dir.
+    std::unique_ptr<FakeVehicleHardware> hardware =
+            std::make_unique<FakeVehicleHardware>(currentDir, "1234", /*forceOverride=*/true);
+    setHardware(std::move(hardware));
+
     auto result = getValue(VehiclePropValue{
             .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::GEAR_SELECTION),
     });
@@ -1840,7 +1846,7 @@
 
 std::string getTestFilePath(const char* filename) {
     static std::string baseDir = android::base::GetExecutableDirectory();
-    return baseDir + "/" + filename;
+    return baseDir + "/fakedata/" + filename;
 }
 
 TEST_F(FakeVehicleHardwareTest, testDebugGenFakeDataJson) {
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/prop.json b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/fakedata/prop.json
similarity index 100%
rename from automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/prop.json
rename to automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/fakedata/prop.json
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/override/gear_selection.json b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/override/gear_selection.json
index 59666b8..693f1e2 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/override/gear_selection.json
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/override/gear_selection.json
@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
-[
-  {
-    "timestamp": 1000000,
-    "areaId": 0,
-    "value": 8,
-    // GEAR_SELECTION
-    "prop": 289408000
-  }
-]
+{
+    "apiVersion": 1,
+    "properties": [
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::GEAR_SELECTION",
+            "defaultValue": {
+                "int32Values": [
+                    8
+                ]
+            }
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/override/hvac_temperature_set.json b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/override/hvac_temperature_set.json
index 93a97ed..07cfebb 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/override/hvac_temperature_set.json
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/fake_impl/hardware/test/override/hvac_temperature_set.json
@@ -1,10 +1,20 @@
-[
-  {
-    "timestamp": 1000000,
-    // HVAC_LEFT
-    "areaId": 49,
-    "value": 30,
-    // HVAC_TEMPERATURE_SET
-    "prop": 358614275
-  }
-]
+{
+    "apiVersion": 1,
+    "properties": [
+        {
+            "property": "VehicleProperty::HVAC_TEMPERATURE_SET",
+            "areas": [
+                {
+                    "defaultValue": {
+                        "floatValues": [
+                            30.0
+                        ]
+                    },
+                    "areaId": 49,
+                    "minFloatValue": 16.0,
+                    "maxFloatValue": 32.0
+                }
+            ]
+        }
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/grpc/utils/proto_message_converter/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/grpc/utils/proto_message_converter/Android.bp
index 7670c25..2b4059c 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/grpc/utils/proto_message_converter/Android.bp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/grpc/utils/proto_message_converter/Android.bp
@@ -47,13 +47,19 @@
     ],
     vendor: true,
     defaults: ["VehicleHalDefaults"],
-    shared_libs: ["libprotobuf-cpp-full"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libprotobuf-cpp-full",
+        "libjsoncpp",
+    ],
     static_libs: [
+        "VehicleHalJsonConfigLoaderEnableTestProperties",
         "VehicleHalProtoMessageConverter",
         "VehicleHalProtos",
         "VehicleHalUtils",
         "libgtest",
     ],
-    header_libs: ["VehicleHalDefaultConfig"],
+    data: [
+        ":VehicleHalDefaultProperties_JSON",
+    ],
     test_suites: ["device-tests"],
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/grpc/utils/proto_message_converter/test/proto_message_converter_test.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/grpc/utils/proto_message_converter/test/proto_message_converter_test.cpp
index c742db5..308be46 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/grpc/utils/proto_message_converter/test/proto_message_converter_test.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/grpc/utils/proto_message_converter/test/proto_message_converter_test.cpp
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
 
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <DefaultConfig.h>
+#include <JsonConfigLoader.h>
 #include <ProtoMessageConverter.h>
 #include <VehicleHalTypes.h>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
 #include <android-base/format.h>
 #include <android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehiclePropConfig.pb.h>
 #include <android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehiclePropValue.pb.h>
@@ -35,23 +37,39 @@
 namespace proto = ::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle::proto;
 namespace aidl_vehicle = ::aidl::android::hardware::automotive::vehicle;
 
+constexpr char DEFAULT_PROPERTIES_CONFIG[] = "DefaultProperties.json";
+
+inline std::string getConfigPath(const std::string& name) {
+    return android::base::GetExecutableDirectory() + "/" + name;
+}
+
 std::vector<aidl_vehicle::VehiclePropConfig> prepareTestConfigs() {
+    JsonConfigLoader loader;
+    auto result = loader.loadPropConfig(getConfigPath(DEFAULT_PROPERTIES_CONFIG));
+    if (!result.ok()) {
+        return {};
+    }
     std::vector<aidl_vehicle::VehiclePropConfig> configs;
-    for (auto& property : defaultconfig::getDefaultConfigs()) {
-        configs.push_back(property.config);
+    for (auto& [_, configDeclaration] : result.value()) {
+        configs.push_back(configDeclaration.config);
     }
     return configs;
 }
 
 std::vector<aidl_vehicle::VehiclePropValue> prepareTestValues() {
+    JsonConfigLoader loader;
+    auto result = loader.loadPropConfig(getConfigPath(DEFAULT_PROPERTIES_CONFIG));
+    if (!result.ok()) {
+        return {};
+    }
     std::vector<aidl_vehicle::VehiclePropValue> values;
     int64_t timestamp = 1;
-    for (auto& property : defaultconfig::getDefaultConfigs()) {
+    for (auto& [_, configDeclaration] : result.value()) {
         values.push_back({
                 .timestamp = timestamp,
                 .areaId = 123,
-                .prop = property.config.prop,
-                .value = property.initialValue,
+                .prop = configDeclaration.config.prop,
+                .value = configDeclaration.initialValue,
                 .status = aidl_vehicle::VehiclePropertyStatus::ERROR,
         });
     }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/RecurrentTimer.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/RecurrentTimer.cpp
index fbc79fa..43f5d69 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/RecurrentTimer.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/common/src/RecurrentTimer.cpp
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
         std::scoped_lock<std::mutex> lockGuard(mLock);
 
         // Aligns the nextTime to multiply of interval.
-        int64_t nextTime = ceil(elapsedRealtimeNano() / intervalInNano) * intervalInNano;
+        int64_t nextTime = ceil(uptimeNanos() / intervalInNano) * intervalInNano;
 
         std::unique_ptr<CallbackInfo> info = std::make_unique<CallbackInfo>();
         info->callback = callback;
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
             }
             // The first element is the nearest next event.
             int64_t nextTime = mCallbackQueue[0]->nextTime;
-            int64_t now = elapsedRealtimeNano();
+            int64_t now = uptimeNanos();
             if (nextTime > now) {
                 interval = nextTime - now;
             } else {
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@
 
         {
             ScopedLockAssertion lockAssertion(mLock);
-            int64_t now = elapsedRealtimeNano();
+            int64_t now = uptimeNanos();
             while (mCallbackQueue.size() > 0) {
                 int64_t nextTime = mCallbackQueue[0]->nextTime;
                 if (nextTime > now) {
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/test/include/TestPropertyUtils.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/test/include/TestPropertyUtils.h
index d512713..e6ea6fe 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/test/include/TestPropertyUtils.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/utils/test/include/TestPropertyUtils.h
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@
 
 }  // namespace testpropertyutils_impl
 
-#ifdef ENABLE_VENDOR_CLUSTER_PROPERTY_FOR_TESTING
 // Converts the system property to the vendor property.
 // WARNING: This is only for the end-to-end testing, Should NOT include in the user build.
 inline constexpr int32_t toVendor(
@@ -55,7 +54,6 @@
         toVendor(testpropertyutils_impl::VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_REQUEST_DISPLAY);
 constexpr int32_t VENDOR_CLUSTER_NAVIGATION_STATE =
         toVendor(testpropertyutils_impl::VehicleProperty::CLUSTER_NAVIGATION_STATE);
-#endif  // ENABLE_VENDOR_CLUSTER_PROPERTY_FOR_TESTING
 
 // These properties are placeholder properties for developers to test new features without
 // implementing a real property.
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/Android.bp
index 8b4f559..6fec2c9 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/Android.bp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/vhal/Android.bp
@@ -75,10 +75,6 @@
         "VehicleHalDefaults",
         "android-automotive-large-parcelable-defaults",
     ],
-    header_libs: [
-        "IVehicleHardware",
-        "VehicleHalDefaultConfig",
-    ],
     static_libs: [
         "DefaultVehicleHal",
         "FakeVehicleHardware",
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioCodecs.cpp b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioCodecs.cpp
index d5e85b8..036d6cd 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioCodecs.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioCodecs.cpp
@@ -491,11 +491,18 @@
              .broadcastCapability = kInvalidBroadcastCapability});
 
         // Adds the capability for the case that encode and decode exist at the
-        // same time
+        // same time(force one active device for decode)
         kDefaultOffloadLeAudioCapabilities.push_back(
             {.unicastEncodeCapability = lc3Capability,
              .unicastDecodeCapability = lc3MonoDecodeCapability,
              .broadcastCapability = kInvalidBroadcastCapability});
+
+        // Adds the capability for the case that encode and decode exist at the
+        // same time
+        kDefaultOffloadLeAudioCapabilities.push_back(
+            {.unicastEncodeCapability = lc3Capability,
+             .unicastDecodeCapability = lc3Capability,
+             .broadcastCapability = kInvalidBroadcastCapability});
       }
     }
   }
diff --git a/boot/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp b/boot/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e46cbef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalBootAidlTargetTest",
+    defaults: [
+        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
+        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static"
+    ],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalBootAidlTargetTest.cpp"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.boot-V1-ndk",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "libvintf",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts"],
+}
diff --git a/boot/aidl/vts/functional/OWNERS b/boot/aidl/vts/functional/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc813d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/aidl/vts/functional/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# Bug component: 30545
+zhangkelvin@google.com
diff --git a/boot/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalBootAidlTargetTest.cpp b/boot/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalBootAidlTargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ab3c789
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalBootAidlTargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <cutils/properties.h>
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/boot/IBootControl.h>
+
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+
+#include <unordered_set>
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::boot::IBootControl;
+using std::string;
+using std::unordered_set;
+
+// The main test class for the Boot HIDL HAL.
+class BootHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        const auto instance_name = GetParam();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(AServiceManager_isDeclared(instance_name.c_str()))
+                << " instance " << instance_name << " not declared.";
+        boot = ::aidl::android::hardware::boot::IBootControl::fromBinder(
+                ndk::SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_waitForService(instance_name.c_str())));
+        ASSERT_NE(boot, nullptr);
+    }
+
+    std::shared_ptr<IBootControl> boot;
+};
+
+// validity check Boot::getNumberSlots().
+TEST_P(BootHidlTest, GetNumberSlots) {
+    int32_t slots{};
+    boot->getNumberSlots(&slots);
+    ASSERT_LE(2, slots);
+}
+
+// validity check Boot::getCurrentSlot().
+TEST_P(BootHidlTest, GetCurrentSlot) {
+    int curSlot = -1;
+    boot->getCurrentSlot(&curSlot);
+    int slots = 0;
+    boot->getNumberSlots(&slots);
+    ASSERT_LT(curSlot, slots);
+}
+
+// validity check Boot::markBootSuccessful().
+TEST_P(BootHidlTest, MarkBootSuccessful) {
+    const auto result = boot->markBootSuccessful();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+    int curSlot = 0;
+    boot->getCurrentSlot(&curSlot);
+    bool ret = false;
+    boot->isSlotMarkedSuccessful(curSlot, &ret);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret);
+}
+
+TEST_P(BootHidlTest, SetActiveBootSlot) {
+    int curSlot = -1;
+    boot->getCurrentSlot(&curSlot);
+    ASSERT_GE(curSlot, 0);
+    int otherSlot = curSlot ? 0 : 1;
+    bool otherBootable = true;
+    boot->isSlotBootable(otherSlot, &otherBootable);
+
+    for (int s = 0; s < 2; s++) {
+        const auto result = boot->setActiveBootSlot(s);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+    }
+    {
+        // Restore original flags to avoid problems on reboot
+        auto result = boot->setActiveBootSlot(curSlot);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+
+        if (!otherBootable) {
+            const auto result = boot->setSlotAsUnbootable(otherSlot);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+        }
+
+        result = boot->markBootSuccessful();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+    }
+    {
+        int slots = 0;
+        boot->getNumberSlots(&slots);
+        const auto result = boot->setActiveBootSlot(slots);
+        ASSERT_FALSE(result.isOk()) << "setActiveBootSlot on invalid slot should fail";
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(BootHidlTest, SetSlotAsUnbootable) {
+    int curSlot = -1;
+    boot->getCurrentSlot(&curSlot);
+    ASSERT_GE(curSlot, 0);
+    int otherSlot = curSlot ? 0 : 1;
+    bool otherBootable = false;
+    boot->isSlotBootable(otherSlot, &otherBootable);
+    {
+        auto result = boot->setSlotAsUnbootable(otherSlot);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+        boot->isSlotBootable(otherSlot, &otherBootable);
+        ASSERT_FALSE(otherBootable);
+
+        // Restore original flags to avoid problems on reboot
+        if (otherBootable) {
+            result = boot->setActiveBootSlot(otherSlot);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+        }
+        result = boot->setActiveBootSlot(curSlot);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+        result = boot->markBootSuccessful();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+    }
+    {
+        int32_t slots = 0;
+        boot->getNumberSlots(&slots);
+        const auto result = boot->setSlotAsUnbootable(slots);
+        ASSERT_FALSE(result.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// validity check Boot::isSlotBootable() on good and bad inputs.
+TEST_P(BootHidlTest, IsSlotBootable) {
+    for (int s = 0; s < 2; s++) {
+        bool bootable = false;
+        const auto res = boot->isSlotBootable(s, &bootable);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(res.isOk()) << res.getMessage();
+    }
+    int32_t slots = 0;
+    boot->getNumberSlots(&slots);
+    bool bootable = false;
+    const auto res = boot->isSlotBootable(slots, &bootable);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(res.isOk());
+}
+
+// validity check Boot::isSlotMarkedSuccessful() on good and bad inputs.
+TEST_P(BootHidlTest, IsSlotMarkedSuccessful) {
+    for (int32_t s = 0; s < 2; s++) {
+        bool isSuccess = false;
+        const auto res = boot->isSlotMarkedSuccessful(s, &isSuccess);
+    }
+    int32_t slots = 0;
+    boot->getNumberSlots(&slots);
+    bool isSuccess = false;
+    const auto res = boot->isSlotMarkedSuccessful(slots, &isSuccess);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(res.isOk());
+}
+
+// validity check Boot::getSuffix() on good and bad inputs.
+TEST_P(BootHidlTest, GetSuffix) {
+    string suffixStr;
+    unordered_set<string> suffixes;
+    int numSlots = 0;
+    boot->getNumberSlots(&numSlots);
+    for (int32_t i = 0; i < numSlots; i++) {
+        std::string suffix;
+        const auto result = boot->getSuffix(i, &suffixStr);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ('_', suffixStr[0]);
+        ASSERT_LE((unsigned)2, suffixStr.size());
+        suffixes.insert(suffixStr);
+    }
+    // All suffixes should be unique
+    ASSERT_EQ(numSlots, suffixes.size());
+    {
+        const string emptySuffix = "";
+        const auto result = boot->getSuffix(numSlots, &suffixStr);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(suffixStr, emptySuffix);
+    }
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, BootHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IBootControl::descriptor)));
diff --git a/broadcastradio/2.0/default/VirtualRadio.cpp b/broadcastradio/2.0/default/VirtualRadio.cpp
index c59fd8f..e6b1017 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/2.0/default/VirtualRadio.cpp
+++ b/broadcastradio/2.0/default/VirtualRadio.cpp
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@
 VirtualRadio gDabRadio(
     "DAB radio mock",
     {
-        {make_selector_dab(12345, 225648), "BBC Radio 1", "Khalid", "Talk"},  // 12B
-        {make_selector_dab(22345, 222064), "Classic FM", "Jean Sibelius", "Andante Festivo"},  // 11D
-        {make_selector_dab(32345, 222064), "Absolute Radio", "Coldplay", "Clocks"},  // 11D
+        {make_selector_dab(0xA00001u, 0x0001u), "BBC Radio 1", "Khalid", "Talk"},
+        {make_selector_dab(0xB00001u, 0x1001u), "Classic FM", "Jean Sibelius", "Andante Festivo"},
+        {make_selector_dab(0xB00002u, 0x1001u), "Absolute Radio", "Coldplay", "Clocks"},
     });
 // clang-format on
 
diff --git a/camera/common/1.0/default/HandleImporter.cpp b/camera/common/1.0/default/HandleImporter.cpp
index fbe8686..d2fdf02 100644
--- a/camera/common/1.0/default/HandleImporter.cpp
+++ b/camera/common/1.0/default/HandleImporter.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include "HandleImporter.h"
 
 #include <gralloctypes/Gralloc4.h>
+#include "aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/Smpte2086.h"
 #include <log/log.h>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::PlaneLayout;
 using aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::PlaneLayoutComponent;
 using aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::PlaneLayoutComponentType;
+using aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::Smpte2086;
 using MetadataType = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V4_0::IMapper::MetadataType;
 using MapperErrorV2 = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error;
 using MapperErrorV3 = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::Error;
@@ -127,16 +129,35 @@
 bool isMetadataPesent(const sp<IMapperV4> mapper, const buffer_handle_t& buf,
         MetadataType metadataType) {
     auto buffer = const_cast<native_handle_t*>(buf);
-    mapper->get(buffer, metadataType, [] (const auto& tmpError,
+    bool ret = false;
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> vec;
+    mapper->get(buffer, metadataType, [&] (const auto& tmpError,
                 const auto& tmpMetadata) {
                     if (tmpError == MapperErrorV4::NONE) {
-                        return tmpMetadata.size() > 0;
+                        vec = tmpMetadata;
                     } else {
                         ALOGE("%s: failed to get metadata %d!", __FUNCTION__, tmpError);
-                        return false;
                     }});
 
-    return false;
+    if (vec.size() > 0) {
+            if (metadataType == gralloc4::MetadataType_Smpte2086){
+                std::optional<Smpte2086> realSmpte2086;
+                gralloc4::decodeSmpte2086(vec, &realSmpte2086);
+                ret = realSmpte2086.has_value();
+            } else if (metadataType == gralloc4::MetadataType_Smpte2094_10) {
+                std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>> realSmpte2094_10;
+                gralloc4::decodeSmpte2094_10(vec, &realSmpte2094_10);
+                ret = realSmpte2094_10.has_value();
+            } else if (metadataType == gralloc4::MetadataType_Smpte2094_40) {
+                std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>> realSmpte2094_40;
+                gralloc4::decodeSmpte2094_40(vec, &realSmpte2094_40);
+                ret = realSmpte2094_40.has_value();
+            } else {
+                ALOGE("%s: Unknown metadata type!", __FUNCTION__);
+            }
+    }
+
+    return ret;
 }
 
 std::vector<PlaneLayout> getPlaneLayouts(const sp<IMapperV4> mapper, buffer_handle_t& buf) {
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.cpp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.cpp
index fe03732..70ab7a0 100644
--- a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.cpp
@@ -1739,6 +1739,10 @@
 
         std::list<PixelFormat> pixelFormats = {PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888, PixelFormat::RAW16};
         for (PixelFormat format : pixelFormats) {
+            previewStream.usage =
+                static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                        GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_CPU_READ);
+            previewStream.dataSpace = Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
             configureStreams(name, mProvider, format, &mSession, &previewStream, &halStreams,
                              &supportsPartialResults, &partialResultCount, &useHalBufManager, &cb,
                              0, /*maxResolution*/ true);
@@ -1843,7 +1847,6 @@
 TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, process10BitDynamicRangeRequest) {
     std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
     int64_t bufferId = 1;
-    int32_t frameNumber = 1;
     CameraMetadata settings;
 
     for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
@@ -1866,7 +1869,7 @@
         CameraMetadata req;
         android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata defaultSettings;
         ndk::ScopedAStatus ret =
-                mSession->constructDefaultRequestSettings(RequestTemplate::STILL_CAPTURE, &req);
+                mSession->constructDefaultRequestSettings(RequestTemplate::PREVIEW, &req);
         ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
         const camera_metadata_t* metadata =
@@ -1896,6 +1899,10 @@
         Stream previewStream;
         std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
         for (const auto& profile : profileList) {
+            previewStream.usage =
+                static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                        GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER);
+            previewStream.dataSpace = getDataspace(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED);
             configureStreams(name, mProvider, PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED, &mSession,
                              &previewStream, &halStreams, &supportsPartialResults,
                              &partialResultCount, &useHalBufManager, &cb, 0,
@@ -1916,63 +1923,75 @@
                 // Don't use the queue onwards.
             }
 
-            std::vector<buffer_handle_t> graphicBuffers;
-            graphicBuffers.reserve(halStreams.size());
+            mInflightMap.clear();
+            // Stream as long as needed to fill the Hal inflight queue
+            std::vector<CaptureRequest> requests(halStreams[0].maxBuffers);
 
-            std::shared_ptr<InFlightRequest> inflightReq = std::make_shared<InFlightRequest>(
-                    static_cast<ssize_t>(halStreams.size()), false, supportsPartialResults,
-                    partialResultCount, std::unordered_set<std::string>(), resultQueue);
+            for (int32_t frameNumber = 0; frameNumber < requests.size(); frameNumber++) {
+                std::shared_ptr<InFlightRequest> inflightReq = std::make_shared<InFlightRequest>(
+                        static_cast<ssize_t>(halStreams.size()), false, supportsPartialResults,
+                        partialResultCount, std::unordered_set<std::string>(), resultQueue);
 
-            std::vector<CaptureRequest> requests(1);
-            CaptureRequest& request = requests[0];
-            std::vector<StreamBuffer>& outputBuffers = request.outputBuffers;
-            outputBuffers.resize(halStreams.size());
+                CaptureRequest& request = requests[frameNumber];
+                std::vector<StreamBuffer>& outputBuffers = request.outputBuffers;
+                outputBuffers.resize(halStreams.size());
 
-            size_t k = 0;
-            for (const auto& halStream : halStreams) {
-                buffer_handle_t buffer_handle;
-                if (useHalBufManager) {
-                    outputBuffers[k] = {halStream.id,   0,
-                                        NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::OK,
-                                        NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
-                } else {
-                    allocateGraphicBuffer(previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
-                                          android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
-                                                  static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.producerUsage),
-                                                  static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.consumerUsage)),
-                                          halStream.overrideFormat, &buffer_handle);
+                size_t k = 0;
+                inflightReq->mOutstandingBufferIds.resize(halStreams.size());
+                std::vector<buffer_handle_t> graphicBuffers;
+                graphicBuffers.reserve(halStreams.size());
 
-                    graphicBuffers.push_back(buffer_handle);
-                    outputBuffers[k] = {
-                            halStream.id,     bufferId,       android::makeToAidl(buffer_handle),
-                            BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
-                    bufferId++;
+                for (const auto& halStream : halStreams) {
+                    buffer_handle_t buffer_handle;
+                    if (useHalBufManager) {
+                        outputBuffers[k] = {halStream.id,   0,
+                                            NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::OK,
+                                            NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+                    } else {
+                        auto usage = android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                                static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.producerUsage),
+                                static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.consumerUsage));
+                        allocateGraphicBuffer(previewStream.width, previewStream.height, usage,
+                                              halStream.overrideFormat, &buffer_handle);
+
+                        inflightReq->mOutstandingBufferIds[halStream.id][bufferId] = buffer_handle;
+                        graphicBuffers.push_back(buffer_handle);
+                        outputBuffers[k] = {halStream.id, bufferId,
+                            android::makeToAidl(buffer_handle), BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(),
+                            NativeHandle()};
+                        bufferId++;
+                    }
+                    k++;
                 }
-                k++;
-            }
 
-            request.inputBuffer = {
-                    -1, 0, NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::ERROR, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
-            request.frameNumber = frameNumber;
-            request.fmqSettingsSize = 0;
-            request.settings = settings;
-            request.inputWidth = 0;
-            request.inputHeight = 0;
+                request.inputBuffer = {
+                        -1, 0, NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::ERROR, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+                request.frameNumber = frameNumber;
+                request.fmqSettingsSize = 0;
+                request.settings = settings;
+                request.inputWidth = 0;
+                request.inputHeight = 0;
 
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                mInflightMap.clear();
-                mInflightMap[frameNumber] = inflightReq;
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    mInflightMap[frameNumber] = inflightReq;
+                }
+
             }
 
             int32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
             std::vector<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
             ndk::ScopedAStatus returnStatus =
-                    mSession->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+                mSession->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
             ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+            ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, requests.size());
 
-            {
+            returnStatus = mSession->repeatingRequestEnd(requests.size() - 1,
+                    std::vector<int32_t> {halStreams[0].id});
+            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+
+            for (int32_t frameNumber = 0; frameNumber < requests.size(); frameNumber++) {
+                const auto& inflightReq = mInflightMap[frameNumber];
                 std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
                 while (!inflightReq->errorCodeValid &&
                        ((0 < inflightReq->numBuffersLeft) || (!inflightReq->haveResultMetadata))) {
@@ -1985,6 +2004,7 @@
                 ASSERT_NE(inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
                 verify10BitMetadata(mHandleImporter, *inflightReq, profile);
             }
+
             if (useHalBufManager) {
                 std::vector<int32_t> streamIds(halStreams.size());
                 for (size_t i = 0; i < streamIds.size(); i++) {
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.cpp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.cpp
index c11fc0c..20f32bf 100644
--- a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.cpp
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.cpp
@@ -2639,8 +2639,20 @@
 
     outputStreams.clear();
     Size maxSize;
-    auto rc = getMaxOutputSizeForFormat(staticMeta, format, &maxSize, maxResolution);
-    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+    if (maxResolution) {
+        auto rc = getMaxOutputSizeForFormat(staticMeta, format, &maxSize, maxResolution);
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+    } else {
+        AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+            static_cast<int32_t>(format)};
+        auto rc = getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputStreams, &previewThreshold);
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+        ASSERT_FALSE(outputStreams.empty());
+        maxSize.width = outputStreams[0].width;
+        maxSize.height = outputStreams[0].height;
+    }
+
 
     std::vector<Stream> streams(1);
     streams[0] = {0,
@@ -2648,9 +2660,8 @@
                   maxSize.width,
                   maxSize.height,
                   format,
-                  static_cast<::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
-                          GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_CPU_READ),
-                  Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                  previewStream->usage,
+                  previewStream->dataSpace,
                   StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
                   "",
                   0,
@@ -2736,7 +2747,8 @@
         HandleImporter& importer, const InFlightRequest& request,
         aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap
                 profile) {
-    for (const auto& b : request.resultOutputBuffers) {
+    for (auto b : request.resultOutputBuffers) {
+        importer.importBuffer(b.buffer.buffer);
         bool smpte2086Present = importer.isSmpte2086Present(b.buffer.buffer);
         bool smpte2094_10Present = importer.isSmpte2094_10Present(b.buffer.buffer);
         bool smpte2094_40Present = importer.isSmpte2094_40Present(b.buffer.buffer);
@@ -2753,7 +2765,6 @@
                 ASSERT_FALSE(smpte2094_40Present);
                 break;
             case ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_HDR10_PLUS:
-                ASSERT_FALSE(smpte2086Present);
                 ASSERT_FALSE(smpte2094_10Present);
                 ASSERT_TRUE(smpte2094_40Present);
                 break;
@@ -2774,6 +2785,7 @@
                       profile);
                 ADD_FAILURE();
         }
+        importer.freeBuffer(b.buffer.buffer);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.h b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.h
index ac4b2c9..d828cee 100644
--- a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.h
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.h
@@ -399,6 +399,10 @@
         // Result metadata
         ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata collectedResult;
 
+        // Inflight buffers
+        using OutstandingBuffers = std::unordered_map<uint64_t, buffer_handle_t>;
+        std::vector<OutstandingBuffers> mOutstandingBufferIds;
+
         // A copy-able StreamBuffer using buffer_handle_t instead of AIDLs NativeHandle
         struct NativeStreamBuffer {
             int32_t streamId;
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.cpp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.cpp
index e5f2f1e..4698b4a 100644
--- a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.cpp
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.cpp
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
                     BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle(),
             };
 
-            mOutstandingBufferIds[idx][mNextBufferId++] = ::android::dupToAidl(handle);
+            mOutstandingBufferIds[idx][mNextBufferId++] = handle;
         }
         atLeastOneStreamOk = true;
         bufRets[i].streamId = stream.id;
@@ -427,9 +427,13 @@
         }
 
         CameraAidlTest::InFlightRequest::StreamBufferAndTimestamp streamBufferAndTimestamp;
+        auto outstandingBuffers = mUseHalBufManager ? mOutstandingBufferIds :
+            request->mOutstandingBufferIds;
+        auto outputBuffer = outstandingBuffers.empty() ? ::android::makeFromAidl(buffer.buffer) :
+            outstandingBuffers[buffer.streamId][buffer.bufferId];
         streamBufferAndTimestamp.buffer = {buffer.streamId,
                                            buffer.bufferId,
-                                           ::android::makeFromAidl(buffer.buffer),
+                                           outputBuffer,
                                            buffer.status,
                                            ::android::makeFromAidl(buffer.acquireFence),
                                            ::android::makeFromAidl(buffer.releaseFence)};
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.h b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.h
index 82ca10d..3ae7d10 100644
--- a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.h
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.h
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
     std::vector<Stream> mStreams;
     std::vector<HalStream> mHalStreams;
     int64_t mNextBufferId = 1;
-    using OutstandingBuffers = std::unordered_map<uint64_t, NativeHandle>;
+    using OutstandingBuffers = std::unordered_map<uint64_t, buffer_handle_t>;
     // size == mStreams.size(). Tracking each streams outstanding buffers
     std::vector<OutstandingBuffers> mOutstandingBufferIds;
     std::condition_variable mFlushedCondition;
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml
index d6811fe..e43c33e 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml
@@ -104,22 +104,6 @@
             <regex-instance>.*</regex-instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.automotive.vehicle</name>
-        <version>2.0</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IVehicle</name>
-            <regex-instance>.*</regex-instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.biometrics.face</name>
-        <version>1.0</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IBiometricsFace</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.biometrics.face</name>
         <version>2</version>
@@ -128,14 +112,6 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.biometrics.fingerprint</name>
-        <version>2.1-3</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IBiometricsFingerprint</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.biometrics.fingerprint</name>
         <version>2</version>
@@ -161,14 +137,6 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.boot</name>
-        <version>1.2</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IBootControl</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.boot</name>
         <interface>
@@ -298,21 +266,6 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <!-- Either the AIDL or the HIDL allocator HAL must exist on the device.
-         If the HIDL composer HAL exists, it must be at least version 2.0.
-         See DeviceManifestTest.GrallocHal -->
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.graphics.allocator</name>
-        <!-- New, non-Go devices should use 4.0 or the AIDL hal.
-             See DeviceManifestTest.GrallocVersionCompatibility. -->
-        <version>2.0</version>
-        <version>3.0</version>
-        <version>4.0</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IAllocator</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.graphics.allocator</name>
         <version>1</version>
@@ -321,17 +274,6 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <!-- Either the AIDL or the HIDL composer HAL must exist on the device.
-         If the HIDL composer HAL exists, it must be at least version 2.1.
-         See DeviceManifestTest.ComposerHal -->
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.graphics.composer</name>
-        <version>2.1-4</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IComposer</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.graphics.composer3</name>
         <version>1</version>
@@ -485,14 +427,6 @@
             <regex-instance>.*</regex-instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.nfc</name>
-        <version>1.2</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>INfc</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.nfc</name>
         <interface>
@@ -648,23 +582,6 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.sensors</name>
-        <version>1.0</version>
-        <version>2.0-1</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>ISensors</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.soundtrigger</name>
-        <version>2.3</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>ISoundTriggerHw</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
          <name>android.hardware.soundtrigger3</name>
          <version>1</version>
diff --git a/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index f3fa0b4..e938b01 100644
--- a/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -244,6 +244,47 @@
 }
 
 /**
+ * Ensure that passwords containing a NUL byte aren't truncated
+ */
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, PasswordIsBinaryData) {
+  GatekeeperResponse enrollRsp;
+  GatekeeperResponse verifyRsp;
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> rightPassword = {'A', 'B', 'C', '\0', 'D', 'E', 'F'};
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> wrongPassword = {'A', 'B', 'C', '\0', '\0', '\0', '\0'};
+
+  ALOGI("Testing Enroll+Verify of password with embedded NUL (expected success)");
+  enrollNewPassword(rightPassword, enrollRsp, true);
+  verifyPassword(rightPassword, enrollRsp.data, 1, verifyRsp, true);
+
+  ALOGI("Testing Verify of wrong password (expected failure)");
+  verifyPassword(wrongPassword, enrollRsp.data, 1, verifyRsp, false);
+
+  ALOGI("PasswordIsBinaryData test done");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure that long passwords aren't truncated
+ */
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, LongPassword) {
+  GatekeeperResponse enrollRsp;
+  GatekeeperResponse verifyRsp;
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
+
+  password.resize(64); // maximum length used by Android
+  memset(password.data(), 'A', password.size());
+
+  ALOGI("Testing Enroll+Verify of long password (expected success)");
+  enrollNewPassword(password, enrollRsp, true);
+  verifyPassword(password, enrollRsp.data, 1, verifyRsp, true);
+
+  ALOGI("Testing Verify of wrong password (expected failure)");
+  password[password.size() - 1] ^= 1;
+  verifyPassword(password, enrollRsp.data, 1, verifyRsp, false);
+
+  ALOGI("LongPassword test done");
+}
+
+/**
  * Ensure we can securely update password (keep the same
  * secure user_id) if we prove we know old password
  */
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/ChangedCompositionTypes.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/ChangedCompositionTypes.aidl
index ddd45b7..9e8c768 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/ChangedCompositionTypes.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/ChangedCompositionTypes.aidl
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 parcelable ChangedCompositionTypes {
     /**
      * The display which this commands refers to.
-     * @see IComposer.createDisplay
      */
     long display;
 
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/ClientTargetPropertyWithBrightness.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/ClientTargetPropertyWithBrightness.aidl
index ba6fe97..ea54a89 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/ClientTargetPropertyWithBrightness.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/ClientTargetPropertyWithBrightness.aidl
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 parcelable ClientTargetPropertyWithBrightness {
     /**
      * The display which this commands refers to.
-     * @see IComposer.createDisplay
      */
     long display;
 
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DisplayCommand.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DisplayCommand.aidl
index b6df147..4f69aee 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DisplayCommand.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DisplayCommand.aidl
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 parcelable DisplayCommand {
     /**
      * The display which this commands refers to.
-     * @see IComposer.createDisplay
      */
     long display;
 
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DisplayRequest.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DisplayRequest.aidl
index 27fe1e6..3a50b6e 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DisplayRequest.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DisplayRequest.aidl
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@
 
     /**
      * The display which this commands refers to.
-     * @see IComposer.createDisplay
      */
     long display;
 
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/PresentFence.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/PresentFence.aidl
index 244b4e5..b757656 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/PresentFence.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/PresentFence.aidl
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 parcelable PresentFence {
     /**
      * The display which this commands refers to.
-     * @see IComposer.createDisplay
      */
     long display;
 
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/PresentOrValidate.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/PresentOrValidate.aidl
index 5ae8940..e15dbf2 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/PresentOrValidate.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/PresentOrValidate.aidl
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 parcelable PresentOrValidate {
     /**
      * The display which this commands refers to.
-     * @see IComposer.createDisplay
      */
     long display;
 
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/ReleaseFences.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/ReleaseFences.aidl
index 459a042..58649d5 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/ReleaseFences.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/ReleaseFences.aidl
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 parcelable ReleaseFences {
     /**
      * The display which this commands refers to.
-     * @see IComposer.createDisplay
      */
     long display;
     @VintfStability
diff --git a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/data/structs.cpp b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/data/structs.cpp
index 4ff89a1..cc6dcbc 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/data/structs.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/data/structs.cpp
@@ -28,14 +28,14 @@
 
 V1_5::DataProfileInfo toHidl(const aidl::DataProfileInfo& info) {
     return {
-            .profileId = V1_0::DataProfileId{info.profileId},
+            .profileId = static_cast<V1_0::DataProfileId>(info.profileId),
             .apn = info.apn,
-            .protocol = V1_4::PdpProtocolType{info.protocol},
-            .roamingProtocol = V1_4::PdpProtocolType{info.roamingProtocol},
-            .authType = V1_0::ApnAuthType{info.authType},
+            .protocol = static_cast<V1_4::PdpProtocolType>(info.protocol),
+            .roamingProtocol = static_cast<V1_4::PdpProtocolType>(info.roamingProtocol),
+            .authType = static_cast<V1_0::ApnAuthType>(info.authType),
             .user = info.user,
             .password = info.password,
-            .type = V1_0::DataProfileInfoType{info.type},
+            .type = static_cast<V1_0::DataProfileInfoType>(info.type),
             .maxConnsTime = info.maxConnsTime,
             .maxConns = info.maxConns,
             .waitTime = info.waitTime,
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
             .sliceDifferentiator = info.sliceDifferentiator,
             .mappedHplmnSst = static_cast<V1_6::SliceServiceType>(info.mappedHplmnSst),
             .mappedHplmnSD = info.mappedHplmnSd,
-            .status = V1_6::SliceStatus{info.status},
+            .status = static_cast<V1_6::SliceStatus>(info.status),
     };
 }
 
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
 
 V1_1::KeepaliveRequest toHidl(const aidl::KeepaliveRequest& keep) {
     return {
-            .type = V1_1::KeepaliveType{keep.type},
+            .type = static_cast<V1_1::KeepaliveType>(keep.type),
             .sourceAddress = keep.sourceAddress,
             .sourcePort = keep.sourcePort,
             .destinationAddress = keep.destinationAddress,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/messaging/structs.cpp b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/messaging/structs.cpp
index 9019680..f30c5ce 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/messaging/structs.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/messaging/structs.cpp
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@
 
 static V1_0::CdmaSmsAddress toHidl(const aidl::CdmaSmsAddress& addr) {
     return {
-            .digitMode = V1_0::CdmaSmsDigitMode{addr.digitMode},
+            .digitMode = static_cast<V1_0::CdmaSmsDigitMode>(addr.digitMode),
             .numberMode = addr.isNumberModeDataNetwork ? V1_0::CdmaSmsNumberMode::DATA_NETWORK
                                                        : V1_0::CdmaSmsNumberMode::NOT_DATA_NETWORK,
-            .numberType = V1_0::CdmaSmsNumberType{addr.numberType},
-            .numberPlan = V1_0::CdmaSmsNumberPlan{addr.numberPlan},
+            .numberType = static_cast<V1_0::CdmaSmsNumberType>(addr.numberType),
+            .numberPlan = static_cast<V1_0::CdmaSmsNumberPlan>(addr.numberPlan),
             .digits = addr.digits,
     };
 }
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
 
 static V1_0::CdmaSmsSubaddress toHidl(const aidl::CdmaSmsSubaddress& addr) {
     return {
-            .subaddressType = V1_0::CdmaSmsSubaddressType{addr.subaddressType},
+            .subaddressType = static_cast<V1_0::CdmaSmsSubaddressType>(addr.subaddressType),
             .odd = addr.odd,
             .digits = addr.digits,
     };
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
 
 V1_0::ImsSmsMessage toHidl(const aidl::ImsSmsMessage& msg) {
     return {
-            .tech = V1_0::RadioTechnologyFamily{msg.tech},
+            .tech = static_cast<V1_0::RadioTechnologyFamily>(msg.tech),
             .retry = msg.retry,
             .messageRef = msg.messageRef,
             .cdmaMessage = toHidl(msg.cdmaMessage),
@@ -147,14 +147,14 @@
 
 V1_0::CdmaSmsWriteArgs toHidl(const aidl::CdmaSmsWriteArgs& args) {
     return {
-            .status = V1_0::CdmaSmsWriteArgsStatus{args.status},
+            .status = static_cast<V1_0::CdmaSmsWriteArgsStatus>(args.status),
             .message = toHidl(args.message),
     };
 }
 
 V1_0::SmsWriteArgs toHidl(const aidl::SmsWriteArgs& args) {
     return {
-            .status = V1_0::SmsWriteArgsStatus{args.status},
+            .status = static_cast<V1_0::SmsWriteArgsStatus>(args.status),
             .pdu = args.pdu,
             .smsc = args.smsc,
     };
diff --git a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/modem/structs.cpp b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/modem/structs.cpp
index 69e651b..6f32cdf 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/modem/structs.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/modem/structs.cpp
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 V1_0::NvWriteItem toHidl(const aidl::NvWriteItem& item) {
     return {
-            .itemId = V1_0::NvItem{item.itemId},
+            .itemId = static_cast<V1_0::NvItem>(item.itemId),
             .value = item.value,
     };
 }
@@ -48,10 +48,10 @@
 V1_0::RadioCapability toHidl(const aidl::RadioCapability& capa) {
     return {
             .session = capa.session,
-            .phase = V1_0::RadioCapabilityPhase{capa.phase},
+            .phase = static_cast<V1_0::RadioCapabilityPhase>(capa.phase),
             .raf = toHidlBitfield<V1_0::RadioAccessFamily>(capa.raf),
             .logicalModemUuid = capa.logicalModemUuid,
-            .status = V1_0::RadioCapabilityStatus{capa.status},
+            .status = static_cast<V1_0::RadioCapabilityStatus>(capa.status),
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/structs.cpp b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/structs.cpp
index d0b3b90..30d4f6d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/structs.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/structs.cpp
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 
 V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo toHidl(const aidl::SignalThresholdInfo& info) {
     return {
-            .signalMeasurement = V1_5::SignalMeasurementType{info.signalMeasurement},
+            .signalMeasurement = static_cast<V1_5::SignalMeasurementType>(info.signalMeasurement),
             .hysteresisMs = info.hysteresisMs,
             .hysteresisDb = info.hysteresisDb,
             .thresholds = info.thresholds,
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
 
 V1_5::NetworkScanRequest toHidl(const aidl::NetworkScanRequest& req) {
     return {
-            .type = V1_1::ScanType{req.type},
+            .type = static_cast<V1_1::ScanType>(req.type),
             .interval = req.interval,
             .specifiers = toHidl(req.specifiers),
             .maxSearchTime = req.maxSearchTime,
diff --git a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/sim/structs.cpp b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/sim/structs.cpp
index bfbff02..00db2b8 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/sim/structs.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/sim/structs.cpp
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
     return {
             .mcc = carrier.mcc,
             .mnc = carrier.mnc,
-            .matchType = V1_0::CarrierMatchType{carrier.matchType},
+            .matchType = static_cast<V1_0::CarrierMatchType>(carrier.matchType),
             .matchData = carrier.matchData,
     };
 }
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
 V1_6::ImsiEncryptionInfo toHidl_1_6(const aidl::ImsiEncryptionInfo& info) {
     return {
             .base = toHidl(info),
-            .keyType = V1_6::PublicKeyType{info.keyType},
+            .keyType = static_cast<V1_6::PublicKeyType>(info.keyType),
     };
 }
 
diff --git a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/voice/structs.cpp b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/voice/structs.cpp
index 254ea20..35c8d46 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/voice/structs.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/voice/structs.cpp
@@ -29,15 +29,15 @@
 V1_0::Dial toHidl(const aidl::Dial& info) {
     return {
             .address = info.address,
-            .clir = V1_0::Clir{info.clir},
+            .clir = static_cast<V1_0::Clir>(info.clir),
             .uusInfo = toHidl(info.uusInfo),
     };
 }
 
 V1_0::UusInfo toHidl(const aidl::UusInfo& info) {
     return {
-            .uusType = V1_0::UusType{info.uusType},
-            .uusDcs = V1_0::UusDcs{info.uusDcs},
+            .uusType = static_cast<V1_0::UusType>(info.uusType),
+            .uusDcs = static_cast<V1_0::UusDcs>(info.uusDcs),
             .uusData = info.uusData,
     };
 }
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 
 V1_0::CallForwardInfo toHidl(const aidl::CallForwardInfo& info) {
     return {
-            .status = V1_0::CallForwardInfoStatus{info.status},
+            .status = static_cast<V1_0::CallForwardInfoStatus>(info.status),
             .reason = info.reason,
             .serviceClass = info.serviceClass,
             .toa = info.toa,
diff --git a/sensors/aidl/vts/AndroidTest.xml b/sensors/aidl/vts/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..99caf28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sensors/aidl/vts/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsAidlHalSensorsTargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer"/>
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.StopServicesSetup"/>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsAidlHalSensorsTargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsAidlHalSensorsTargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="900000" />
+        <option name="runtime-hint" value="300000"/>
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsAidlHalSensorsTargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTargetTest.cpp b/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTargetTest.cpp
index b8e2912..9a17d05 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTargetTest.cpp
@@ -170,7 +170,9 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.setVoltage(lnbConf.voltage));
     ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.setTone(lnbConf.tone));
     ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.setSatellitePosition(lnbConf.position));
-    broadcastSingleFilterTest(filterConf, frontendConf);
+    if (!frontendConf.isSoftwareFe) {
+        broadcastSingleFilterTest(filterConf, frontendConf);
+    }
     ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.closeLnb());
     mLnbId = INVALID_LNB_ID;
 }
@@ -258,7 +260,9 @@
     for (auto msgName : lnbRecord.diseqcMsgs) {
         ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.sendDiseqcMessage(diseqcMsgMap[msgName]));
     }
-    recordSingleFilterTest(filterConf, frontendConf, dvrConf);
+    if (!frontendConf.isSoftwareFe) {
+        recordSingleFilterTest(filterConf, frontendConf, dvrConf, Dataflow_Context::LNBRECORD);
+    }
     ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.closeLnb());
     mLnbId = INVALID_LNB_ID;
 }
@@ -316,29 +320,47 @@
 }
 
 void TunerRecordAidlTest::recordSingleFilterTest(FilterConfig filterConf,
-                                                 FrontendConfig frontendConf, DvrConfig dvrConf) {
+                                                 FrontendConfig frontendConf, DvrConfig dvrConf,
+                                                 Dataflow_Context context) {
     int32_t demuxId;
     std::shared_ptr<IDemux> demux;
     ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.openDemux(demux, demuxId));
     mDvrTests.setDemux(demux);
 
     DvrConfig dvrSourceConfig;
-    if (record.hasFrontendConnection) {
+    if (context == Dataflow_Context::RECORD) {
+        if (record.hasFrontendConnection) {
+            int32_t feId;
+            mFrontendTests.getFrontendIdByType(frontendConf.type, feId);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(feId != INVALID_ID);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.openFrontendById(feId));
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.setFrontendCallback());
+            if (frontendConf.isSoftwareFe) {
+                mFrontendTests.setSoftwareFrontendDvrConfig(dvrMap[record.dvrSoftwareFeId]);
+            }
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.setDemuxFrontendDataSource(feId));
+            mFrontendTests.setDvrTests(&mDvrTests);
+        } else {
+            dvrSourceConfig = dvrMap[record.dvrSourceId];
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.openDvrInDemux(dvrSourceConfig.type, dvrSourceConfig.bufferSize));
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.configDvrPlayback(dvrSourceConfig.settings));
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.getDvrPlaybackMQDescriptor());
+        }
+    } else if (context == Dataflow_Context::LNBRECORD) {
+        // If function arrives here, frontend should not be software, so no need to configure a dvr
+        // source or dvr fe connection that might be used for recording without an Lnb
         int32_t feId;
         mFrontendTests.getFrontendIdByType(frontendConf.type, feId);
         ASSERT_TRUE(feId != INVALID_ID);
         ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.openFrontendById(feId));
         ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.setFrontendCallback());
-        if (frontendConf.isSoftwareFe) {
-            mFrontendTests.setSoftwareFrontendDvrConfig(dvrMap[record.dvrSoftwareFeId]);
+        if (mLnbId != INVALID_LNB_ID) {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.setLnb(mLnbId));
+        } else {
+            FAIL();
         }
         ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.setDemuxFrontendDataSource(feId));
         mFrontendTests.setDvrTests(&mDvrTests);
-    } else {
-        dvrSourceConfig = dvrMap[record.dvrSourceId];
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.openDvrInDemux(dvrSourceConfig.type, dvrSourceConfig.bufferSize));
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.configDvrPlayback(dvrSourceConfig.settings));
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.getDvrPlaybackMQDescriptor());
     }
 
     int64_t filterId;
@@ -358,24 +380,31 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.startDvrRecord());
     ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.startFilter(filterId));
 
-    if (record.hasFrontendConnection) {
+    if (context == Dataflow_Context::RECORD) {
+        if (record.hasFrontendConnection) {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.tuneFrontend(frontendConf, true /*testWithDemux*/));
+        } else {
+            // Start DVR Source
+            mDvrTests.startPlaybackInputThread(
+                    dvrSourceConfig.playbackInputFile,
+                    dvrSourceConfig.settings.get<DvrSettings::Tag::playback>());
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.startDvrPlayback());
+        }
+    } else if (context == Dataflow_Context::LNBRECORD) {
         ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.tuneFrontend(frontendConf, true /*testWithDemux*/));
-    } else {
-        // Start DVR Source
-        mDvrTests.startPlaybackInputThread(
-                dvrSourceConfig.playbackInputFile,
-                dvrSourceConfig.settings.get<DvrSettings::Tag::playback>());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.startDvrPlayback());
     }
-
     mDvrTests.testRecordOutput();
     mDvrTests.stopRecordThread();
 
-    if (record.hasFrontendConnection) {
+    if (context == Dataflow_Context::RECORD) {
+        if (record.hasFrontendConnection) {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.stopTuneFrontend(true /*testWithDemux*/));
+        } else {
+            mDvrTests.stopPlaybackThread();
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.stopDvrPlayback());
+        }
+    } else if (context == Dataflow_Context::LNBRECORD) {
         ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.stopTuneFrontend(true /*testWithDemux*/));
-    } else {
-        mDvrTests.stopPlaybackThread();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.stopDvrPlayback());
     }
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.stopFilter(filterId));
@@ -384,10 +413,14 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.closeFilter(filterId));
     mDvrTests.closeDvrRecord();
 
-    if (record.hasFrontendConnection) {
+    if (context == Dataflow_Context::RECORD) {
+        if (record.hasFrontendConnection) {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.closeFrontend());
+        } else {
+            mDvrTests.closeDvrPlayback();
+        }
+    } else if (context == Dataflow_Context::LNBRECORD) {
         ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.closeFrontend());
-    } else {
-        mDvrTests.closeDvrPlayback();
     }
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.closeDemux());
@@ -395,28 +428,45 @@
 
 void TunerDescramblerAidlTest::scrambledBroadcastTest(set<struct FilterConfig> mediaFilterConfs,
                                                       FrontendConfig frontendConf,
-                                                      DescramblerConfig descConfig) {
+                                                      DescramblerConfig descConfig,
+                                                      Dataflow_Context context) {
     int32_t demuxId;
     std::shared_ptr<IDemux> demux;
     ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.openDemux(demux, demuxId));
 
     DvrConfig dvrSourceConfig;
-    if (descrambling.hasFrontendConnection) {
+    if (context == Dataflow_Context::DESCRAMBLING) {
+        if (descrambling.hasFrontendConnection) {
+            int32_t feId;
+            mFrontendTests.getFrontendIdByType(frontendConf.type, feId);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.openFrontendById(feId));
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.setFrontendCallback());
+            if (frontendConf.isSoftwareFe) {
+                mFrontendTests.setSoftwareFrontendDvrConfig(dvrMap[descrambling.dvrSoftwareFeId]);
+            }
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.setDemuxFrontendDataSource(feId));
+            mFrontendTests.setDemux(demux);
+        } else {
+            dvrSourceConfig = dvrMap[descrambling.dvrSourceId];
+            mDvrTests.setDemux(demux);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.openDvrInDemux(dvrSourceConfig.type, dvrSourceConfig.bufferSize));
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.configDvrPlayback(dvrSourceConfig.settings));
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.getDvrPlaybackMQDescriptor());
+        }
+    } else if (context == Dataflow_Context::LNBDESCRAMBLING) {
         int32_t feId;
         mFrontendTests.getFrontendIdByType(frontendConf.type, feId);
         ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.openFrontendById(feId));
         ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.setFrontendCallback());
-        if (frontendConf.isSoftwareFe) {
-            mFrontendTests.setSoftwareFrontendDvrConfig(dvrMap[descrambling.dvrSoftwareFeId]);
+        if (mLnbId != INVALID_LNB_ID) {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.setLnb(mLnbId));
+        } else {
+            // If, for some reason, the test got here without failing. We fail it here.
+            ALOGD("mLnbId is null. Something went wrong. Exiting ScrambledBroadcastWithLnbId.");
+            FAIL();
         }
         ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.setDemuxFrontendDataSource(feId));
         mFrontendTests.setDemux(demux);
-    } else {
-        dvrSourceConfig = dvrMap[descrambling.dvrSourceId];
-        mDvrTests.setDemux(demux);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.openDvrInDemux(dvrSourceConfig.type, dvrSourceConfig.bufferSize));
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.configDvrPlayback(dvrSourceConfig.settings));
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.getDvrPlaybackMQDescriptor());
     }
 
     set<int64_t> filterIds;
@@ -447,24 +497,32 @@
         ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.startFilter(*id));
     }
 
-    if (descrambling.hasFrontendConnection) {
-        // tune test
+    if (context == Dataflow_Context::DESCRAMBLING) {
+        if (descrambling.hasFrontendConnection) {
+            // tune test
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.tuneFrontend(frontendConf, true /*testWithDemux*/));
+        } else {
+            // Start DVR Source
+            mDvrTests.startPlaybackInputThread(
+                    dvrSourceConfig.playbackInputFile,
+                    dvrSourceConfig.settings.get<DvrSettings::Tag::playback>());
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.startDvrPlayback());
+        }
+    } else if (context == Dataflow_Context::LNBDESCRAMBLING) {
         ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.tuneFrontend(frontendConf, true /*testWithDemux*/));
-    } else {
-        // Start DVR Source
-        mDvrTests.startPlaybackInputThread(
-                dvrSourceConfig.playbackInputFile,
-                dvrSourceConfig.settings.get<DvrSettings::Tag::playback>());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.startDvrPlayback());
     }
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(filterDataOutputTest());
 
-    if (descrambling.hasFrontendConnection) {
+    if (context == Dataflow_Context::DESCRAMBLING) {
+        if (descrambling.hasFrontendConnection) {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.stopTuneFrontend(true /*testWithDemux*/));
+        } else {
+            mDvrTests.stopPlaybackThread();
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.stopDvrPlayback());
+        }
+    } else if (context == Dataflow_Context::LNBDESCRAMBLING) {
         ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.stopTuneFrontend(true /*testWithDemux*/));
-    } else {
-        mDvrTests.stopPlaybackThread();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mDvrTests.stopDvrPlayback());
     }
 
     for (id = filterIds.begin(); id != filterIds.end(); id++) {
@@ -478,15 +536,50 @@
         ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.closeFilter(*id));
     }
 
-    if (descrambling.hasFrontendConnection) {
+    if (context == Dataflow_Context::DESCRAMBLING) {
+        if (descrambling.hasFrontendConnection) {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.closeFrontend());
+        } else {
+            mDvrTests.closeDvrPlayback();
+        }
+    } else if (context == Dataflow_Context::LNBDESCRAMBLING) {
         ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.closeFrontend());
-    } else {
-        mDvrTests.closeDvrPlayback();
     }
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.closeDemux());
 }
 
+void TunerDescramblerAidlTest::scrambledBroadcastTestWithLnb(
+        set<struct FilterConfig>& mediaFilterConfs, FrontendConfig& frontendConf,
+        DescramblerConfig& descConfig, LnbConfig& lnbConfig) {
+    // We can test the Lnb individually and make sure it functions properly. If the frontend is
+    // software, we cannot test the whole dataflow. If the frontend is hardware, we can
+    if (lnbConfig.name.compare(emptyHardwareId) == 0) {
+        vector<int32_t> ids;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.getLnbIds(ids));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ids.size() > 0);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.openLnbById(ids[0]));
+        mLnbId = ids[0];
+    } else {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.openLnbByName(lnbConfig.name, mLnbId));
+    }
+    // Once Lnb is opened, test some of its basic functionality
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.setLnbCallback());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.setVoltage(lnbConfig.voltage));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.setTone(lnbConfig.tone));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.setSatellitePosition(lnbConfig.position));
+    if (!frontendConf.isSoftwareFe) {
+        ALOGD("Frontend is not software, testing entire dataflow.");
+        scrambledBroadcastTest(mediaFilterConfs, frontendConf, descConfig,
+                               Dataflow_Context::LNBDESCRAMBLING);
+    } else {
+        ALOGD("Frontend is software, did not test the entire dataflow, but tested the Lnb "
+              "individually.");
+    }
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.closeLnb());
+    mLnbId = INVALID_LNB_ID;
+}
+
 TEST_P(TunerLnbAidlTest, SendDiseqcMessageToLnb) {
     description("Open and configure an Lnb with specific settings then send a diseqc msg to it.");
     if (!lnbLive.support) {
@@ -499,7 +592,6 @@
     }
     for (auto& combination : lnbLive_configs) {
         lnbLive = combination;
-
         if (lnbMap[lnbLive.lnbId].name.compare(emptyHardwareId) == 0) {
             vector<int32_t> ids;
             ASSERT_TRUE(mLnbTests.getLnbIds(ids));
@@ -525,17 +617,21 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    int32_t feId;
-    int32_t demuxId;
-    std::shared_ptr<IDemux> demux;
-    mFrontendTests.getFrontendIdByType(frontendMap[live.frontendId].type, feId);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(feId != INVALID_ID);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.openFrontendById(feId));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.setFrontendCallback());
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.openDemux(demux, demuxId));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.setDemuxFrontendDataSource(feId));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.closeDemux());
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.closeFrontend());
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        int32_t feId;
+        int32_t demuxId;
+        std::shared_ptr<IDemux> demux;
+        mFrontendTests.getFrontendIdByType(frontendMap[live.frontendId].type, feId);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(feId != INVALID_ID);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.openFrontendById(feId));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.setFrontendCallback());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.openDemux(demux, demuxId));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.setDemuxFrontendDataSource(feId));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.closeDemux());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.closeFrontend());
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerDemuxAidlTest, getAvSyncTime) {
@@ -543,40 +639,45 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    if (live.pcrFilterId.compare(emptyHardwareId) == 0) {
-        return;
-    }
-    int32_t feId;
-    int32_t demuxId;
-    std::shared_ptr<IDemux> demux;
-    int64_t mediaFilterId;
-    int64_t pcrFilterId;
-    int32_t avSyncHwId;
-    std::shared_ptr<IFilter> mediaFilter;
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        if (live.pcrFilterId.compare(emptyHardwareId) == 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        int32_t feId;
+        int32_t demuxId;
+        std::shared_ptr<IDemux> demux;
+        int64_t mediaFilterId;
+        int64_t pcrFilterId;
+        int32_t avSyncHwId;
+        std::shared_ptr<IFilter> mediaFilter;
 
-    mFrontendTests.getFrontendIdByType(frontendMap[live.frontendId].type, feId);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(feId != INVALID_ID);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.openFrontendById(feId));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.setFrontendCallback());
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.openDemux(demux, demuxId));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.setDemuxFrontendDataSource(feId));
-    mFilterTests.setDemux(demux);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.openFilterInDemux(filterMap[live.videoFilterId].type,
-                                               filterMap[live.videoFilterId].bufferSize));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.getNewlyOpenedFilterId_64bit(mediaFilterId));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.configFilter(filterMap[live.videoFilterId].settings, mediaFilterId));
-    mediaFilter = mFilterTests.getFilterById(mediaFilterId);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.openFilterInDemux(filterMap[live.pcrFilterId].type,
-                                               filterMap[live.pcrFilterId].bufferSize));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.getNewlyOpenedFilterId_64bit(pcrFilterId));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.configFilter(filterMap[live.pcrFilterId].settings, pcrFilterId));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.getAvSyncId(mediaFilter, avSyncHwId));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(pcrFilterId == avSyncHwId);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.getAvSyncTime(pcrFilterId));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.closeFilter(pcrFilterId));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.closeFilter(mediaFilterId));
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.closeDemux());
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.closeFrontend());
+        mFrontendTests.getFrontendIdByType(frontendMap[live.frontendId].type, feId);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(feId != INVALID_ID);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.openFrontendById(feId));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.setFrontendCallback());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.openDemux(demux, demuxId));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.setDemuxFrontendDataSource(feId));
+        mFilterTests.setDemux(demux);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.openFilterInDemux(filterMap[live.videoFilterId].type,
+                                                   filterMap[live.videoFilterId].bufferSize));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.getNewlyOpenedFilterId_64bit(mediaFilterId));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(
+                mFilterTests.configFilter(filterMap[live.videoFilterId].settings, mediaFilterId));
+        mediaFilter = mFilterTests.getFilterById(mediaFilterId);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.openFilterInDemux(filterMap[live.pcrFilterId].type,
+                                                   filterMap[live.pcrFilterId].bufferSize));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.getNewlyOpenedFilterId_64bit(pcrFilterId));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.configFilter(filterMap[live.pcrFilterId].settings, pcrFilterId));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.getAvSyncId(mediaFilter, avSyncHwId));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(pcrFilterId == avSyncHwId);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.getAvSyncTime(pcrFilterId));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.closeFilter(pcrFilterId));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.closeFilter(mediaFilterId));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.closeDemux());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.closeFrontend());
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerFilterAidlTest, StartFilterInDemux) {
@@ -585,7 +686,11 @@
         return;
     }
     // TODO use parameterized tests
-    configSingleFilterInDemuxTest(filterMap[live.videoFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        configSingleFilterInDemuxTest(filterMap[live.videoFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerFilterAidlTest, ConfigIpFilterInDemuxWithCid) {
@@ -594,10 +699,14 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    if (live.ipFilterId.compare(emptyHardwareId) == 0) {
-        return;
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        if (live.ipFilterId.compare(emptyHardwareId) == 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        configSingleFilterInDemuxTest(filterMap[live.ipFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
     }
-    configSingleFilterInDemuxTest(filterMap[live.ipFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerFilterAidlTest, ReconfigFilterToReceiveStartId) {
@@ -606,8 +715,13 @@
         return;
     }
     // TODO use parameterized tests
-    reconfigSingleFilterInDemuxTest(filterMap[live.videoFilterId], filterMap[live.videoFilterId],
-                                    frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        reconfigSingleFilterInDemuxTest(filterMap[live.videoFilterId],
+                                        filterMap[live.videoFilterId],
+                                        frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerFilterAidlTest, SetFilterLinkage) {
@@ -644,7 +758,11 @@
         return;
     }
     // TODO use parameterized tests
-    testTimeFilter(timeFilterMap[timeFilter.timeFilterId]);
+    auto timeFilter_configs = generateTimeFilterConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : timeFilter_configs) {
+        timeFilter = configuration;
+        testTimeFilter(timeFilterMap[timeFilter.timeFilterId]);
+    }
 }
 
 static bool isEventProducingFilter(const FilterConfig& filterConfig) {
@@ -887,8 +1005,12 @@
     if (!record.support) {
         return;
     }
-    recordSingleFilterTest(filterMap[record.recordFilterId], frontendMap[record.frontendId],
-                           dvrMap[record.dvrRecordId]);
+    auto record_configs = generateRecordConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : record_configs) {
+        record = configuration;
+        recordSingleFilterTest(filterMap[record.recordFilterId], frontendMap[record.frontendId],
+                               dvrMap[record.dvrRecordId], Dataflow_Context::RECORD);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerRecordAidlTest, AttachFiltersToRecordTest) {
@@ -897,8 +1019,13 @@
     if (!record.support) {
         return;
     }
-    attachSingleFilterToRecordDvrTest(filterMap[record.recordFilterId],
-                                      frontendMap[record.frontendId], dvrMap[record.dvrRecordId]);
+    auto record_configs = generateRecordConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : record_configs) {
+        record = configuration;
+        attachSingleFilterToRecordDvrTest(filterMap[record.recordFilterId],
+                                          frontendMap[record.frontendId],
+                                          dvrMap[record.dvrRecordId]);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerRecordAidlTest, LnbRecordDataFlowWithTsRecordFilterTest) {
@@ -924,7 +1051,11 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    mFrontendTests.tuneTest(frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        mFrontendTests.tuneTest(frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerFrontendAidlTest, AutoScanFrontend) {
@@ -956,7 +1087,11 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    mFrontendTests.tuneTest(frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        mFrontendTests.tuneTest(frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerFrontendAidlTest, BlindScanFrontendWithEndFrequency) {
@@ -976,10 +1111,14 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    if (!frontendMap[live.frontendId].canConnectToCiCam) {
-        return;
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        if (!frontendMap[live.frontendId].canConnectToCiCam) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        mFrontendTests.tuneTest(frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
     }
-    mFrontendTests.tuneTest(frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerFrontendAidlTest, getHardwareInfo) {
@@ -987,7 +1126,11 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    mFrontendTests.debugInfoTest(frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        mFrontendTests.debugInfoTest(frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerFrontendAidlTest, maxNumberOfFrontends) {
@@ -1003,7 +1146,11 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    mFrontendTests.statusReadinessTest(frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        mFrontendTests.statusReadinessTest(frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerBroadcastAidlTest, BroadcastDataFlowVideoFilterTest) {
@@ -1011,7 +1158,11 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    broadcastSingleFilterTest(filterMap[live.videoFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        broadcastSingleFilterTest(filterMap[live.videoFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerBroadcastAidlTest, BroadcastDataFlowAudioFilterTest) {
@@ -1019,7 +1170,11 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    broadcastSingleFilterTest(filterMap[live.audioFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        broadcastSingleFilterTest(filterMap[live.audioFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerBroadcastAidlTest, BroadcastDataFlowSectionFilterTest) {
@@ -1027,10 +1182,14 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    if (live.sectionFilterId.compare(emptyHardwareId) == 0) {
-        return;
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        if (live.sectionFilterId.compare(emptyHardwareId) == 0) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        broadcastSingleFilterTest(filterMap[live.sectionFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
     }
-    broadcastSingleFilterTest(filterMap[live.sectionFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerBroadcastAidlTest, IonBufferTest) {
@@ -1038,7 +1197,11 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    broadcastSingleFilterTest(filterMap[live.videoFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        broadcastSingleFilterTest(filterMap[live.videoFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerBroadcastAidlTest, LnbBroadcastDataFlowVideoFilterTest) {
@@ -1063,7 +1226,12 @@
     if (!live.hasFrontendConnection) {
         return;
     }
-    mediaFilterUsingSharedMemoryTest(filterMap[live.videoFilterId], frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    auto live_configs = generateLiveConfigurations();
+    for (auto& configuration : live_configs) {
+        live = configuration;
+        mediaFilterUsingSharedMemoryTest(filterMap[live.videoFilterId],
+                                         frontendMap[live.frontendId]);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(TunerDescramblerAidlTest, CreateDescrambler) {
@@ -1119,7 +1287,29 @@
         filterConfs.insert(static_cast<FilterConfig>(filterMap[descrambling.audioFilterId]));
         filterConfs.insert(static_cast<FilterConfig>(filterMap[descrambling.videoFilterId]));
         scrambledBroadcastTest(filterConfs, frontendMap[descrambling.frontendId],
-                               descramblerMap[descrambling.descramblerId]);
+                               descramblerMap[descrambling.descramblerId],
+                               Dataflow_Context::DESCRAMBLING);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(TunerDescramblerAidlTest, ScrambledBroadcastDataFlowMediaFiltersTestWithLnb) {
+    description("Test media filters in scrambled broadcast use case with Lnb");
+    if (!lnbDescrambling.support) {
+        return;
+    }
+    auto lnbDescrambling_configs = generateLnbDescramblingConfigurations();
+    if (lnbDescrambling_configs.empty()) {
+        ALOGD("No frontends that support satellites.");
+        return;
+    }
+    for (auto& configuration : lnbDescrambling_configs) {
+        lnbDescrambling = configuration;
+        set<FilterConfig> filterConfs;
+        filterConfs.insert(static_cast<FilterConfig>(filterMap[lnbDescrambling.audioFilterId]));
+        filterConfs.insert(static_cast<FilterConfig>(filterMap[lnbDescrambling.videoFilterId]));
+        scrambledBroadcastTestWithLnb(filterConfs, frontendMap[lnbDescrambling.frontendId],
+                                      descramblerMap[lnbDescrambling.descramblerId],
+                                      lnbMap[lnbDescrambling.lnbId]);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTargetTest.h b/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTargetTest.h
index 2e69821..f68e1ec 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTargetTest.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTargetTest.h
@@ -68,7 +68,10 @@
     lnbIds.clear();
     diseqcMsgs.clear();
     frontendIds.clear();
+    ipFilterIds.clear();
+    pcrFilterIds.clear();
     recordDvrIds.clear();
+    timeFilterIds.clear();
     descramblerIds.clear();
     audioFilterIds.clear();
     videoFilterIds.clear();
@@ -77,6 +80,8 @@
     sectionFilterIds.clear();
 }
 
+enum class Dataflow_Context { LNBRECORD, RECORD, DESCRAMBLING, LNBDESCRAMBLING };
+
 class TunerLnbAidlTest : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
@@ -153,7 +158,7 @@
             mService = nullptr;
         }
         ASSERT_NE(mService, nullptr);
-        initConfiguration();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(initConfiguration());
 
         mFrontendTests.setService(mService);
         mDemuxTests.setService(mService);
@@ -264,7 +269,7 @@
             mService = nullptr;
         }
         ASSERT_NE(mService, nullptr);
-        initConfiguration();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(initConfiguration());
 
         mFrontendTests.setService(mService);
         mDemuxTests.setService(mService);
@@ -288,7 +293,7 @@
     void recordSingleFilterTestWithLnb(FilterConfig filterConf, FrontendConfig frontendConf,
                                        DvrConfig dvrConf, LnbConfig lnbConf);
     void recordSingleFilterTest(FilterConfig filterConf, FrontendConfig frontendConf,
-                                DvrConfig dvrConf);
+                                DvrConfig dvrConf, Dataflow_Context context);
 
     std::shared_ptr<ITuner> mService;
     FrontendTests mFrontendTests;
@@ -313,7 +318,7 @@
             mService = nullptr;
         }
         ASSERT_NE(mService, nullptr);
-        initConfiguration();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(initConfiguration());
 
         mFrontendTests.setService(mService);
     }
@@ -344,7 +349,7 @@
             mService = nullptr;
         }
         ASSERT_NE(mService, nullptr);
-        initConfiguration();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(initConfiguration());
 
         mFrontendTests.setService(mService);
         mDemuxTests.setService(mService);
@@ -402,6 +407,7 @@
         mDvrTests.setService(mService);
         mDescramblerTests.setService(mService);
         mDescramblerTests.setCasService(mCasService);
+        mLnbTests.setService(mService);
     }
 
     virtual void TearDown() override {
@@ -415,7 +421,11 @@
     }
 
     void scrambledBroadcastTest(set<struct FilterConfig> mediaFilterConfs,
-                                FrontendConfig frontendConf, DescramblerConfig descConfig);
+                                FrontendConfig frontendConf, DescramblerConfig descConfig,
+                                Dataflow_Context context);
+    void scrambledBroadcastTestWithLnb(set<struct FilterConfig>& mediaFilterConfs,
+                                       FrontendConfig& frontendConf, DescramblerConfig& descConfig,
+                                       LnbConfig& lnbConfig);
     AssertionResult filterDataOutputTest();
 
     std::shared_ptr<ITuner> mService;
@@ -425,6 +435,10 @@
     FilterTests mFilterTests;
     DescramblerTests mDescramblerTests;
     DvrTests mDvrTests;
+    LnbTests mLnbTests;
+
+  private:
+    int32_t mLnbId = INVALID_LNB_ID;
 };
 
 GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(TunerDescramblerAidlTest);
diff --git a/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTestConfigurations.h b/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTestConfigurations.h
index de12dc0..fea5f83 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTestConfigurations.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTestConfigurations.h
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@
 static LnbLiveHardwareConnections lnbLive;
 static LnbRecordHardwareConnections lnbRecord;
 static TimeFilterHardwareConnections timeFilter;
+static LnbDescramblingHardwareConnections lnbDescrambling;
 
 /*
  * This function takes in a 2d vector of device Id's
@@ -131,28 +132,28 @@
 /*
  * index 0 - playback dvr
  * index 1 - audio filters
- * index 2 - video filters
- * index 3 - optional section filters
+ * index 2 - optional section filters
  */
 static inline vector<DvrPlaybackHardwareConnections> generatePlaybackCombinations() {
     vector<DvrPlaybackHardwareConnections> combinations;
     vector<string> sectionFilterIds_optional = sectionFilterIds;
     sectionFilterIds_optional.push_back(emptyHardwareId);
-    vector<vector<string>> deviceIds{playbackDvrIds, audioFilterIds, videoFilterIds,
-                                     sectionFilterIds_optional};
+    vector<vector<string>> deviceIds{playbackDvrIds, audioFilterIds, sectionFilterIds_optional};
 
     const int dvrIndex = 0;
     const int audioFilterIndex = 1;
-    const int videoFilterIndex = 2;
-    const int sectionFilterIndex = 3;
+    const int sectionFilterIndex = 2;
 
     auto idCombinations = generateIdCombinations(deviceIds);
     for (auto& combo : idCombinations) {
         DvrPlaybackHardwareConnections mPlayback;
         mPlayback.dvrId = combo[dvrIndex];
         mPlayback.audioFilterId = combo[audioFilterIndex];
-        mPlayback.videoFilterId = combo[videoFilterIndex];
         mPlayback.sectionFilterId = combo[sectionFilterIndex];
+        const int videoFilterIndex =
+                find(audioFilterIds.begin(), audioFilterIds.end(), mPlayback.audioFilterId) -
+                audioFilterIds.begin();
+        mPlayback.videoFilterId = videoFilterIds[videoFilterIndex];
         combinations.push_back(mPlayback);
     }
 
@@ -176,17 +177,15 @@
 /*
  * index 0 - frontends
  * index 1 - audio filters
- * index 2 - video filters
- * index 3 - lnbs
+ * index 2 - lnbs
  */
 static inline vector<LnbLiveHardwareConnections> generateLnbLiveCombinations() {
     vector<LnbLiveHardwareConnections> combinations;
-    vector<vector<string>> deviceIds{frontendIds, audioFilterIds, videoFilterIds, lnbIds};
+    vector<vector<string>> deviceIds{frontendIds, audioFilterIds, lnbIds};
 
     const int frontendIndex = 0;
     const int audioFilterIndex = 1;
-    const int videoFilterIndex = 2;
-    const int lnbIndex = 3;
+    const int lnbIndex = 2;
 
     // TODO: Find a better way to vary diseqcMsgs, if at all
     auto idCombinations = generateIdCombinations(deviceIds);
@@ -198,7 +197,10 @@
             LnbLiveHardwareConnections mLnbLive;
             mLnbLive.frontendId = feId;
             mLnbLive.audioFilterId = combo[audioFilterIndex];
-            mLnbLive.videoFilterId = combo[videoFilterIndex];
+            const int videoFilterIndex =
+                    find(audioFilterIds.begin(), audioFilterIds.end(), mLnbLive.audioFilterId) -
+                    audioFilterIds.begin();
+            mLnbLive.videoFilterId = videoFilterIds[videoFilterIndex];
             mLnbLive.lnbId = combo[lnbIndex];
             mLnbLive.diseqcMsgs = diseqcMsgs;
             combinations.push_back(mLnbLive);
@@ -301,9 +303,8 @@
  * index 0 - decramblers
  * index 1 - frontends
  * index 2 - audio filters
- * index 3 - video filters
- * index 4 - Dvr SW Fe Connections
- * index 5 - DVR Source Connections
+ * index 3 - Dvr SW Fe Connections
+ * index 4 - DVR Source Connections
  */
 static inline vector<DescramblingHardwareConnections> generateDescramblingCombinations() {
     vector<DescramblingHardwareConnections> combinations;
@@ -320,12 +321,11 @@
     const int descramblerIndex = 0;
     const int frontendIndex = 1;
     const int audioFilterIndex = 2;
-    const int videoFilterIndex = 3;
-    const int dvrFeIdIndex = 4;
-    const int dvrSourceIdIndex = 5;
+    const int dvrFeIdIndex = 3;
+    const int dvrSourceIdIndex = 4;
 
-    vector<vector<string>> deviceIds{descramblerIds, mfrontendIds,        audioFilterIds,
-                                     videoFilterIds, mDvrFeConnectionIds, mDvrSourceConnectionIds};
+    vector<vector<string>> deviceIds{descramblerIds, mfrontendIds, audioFilterIds,
+                                     mDvrFeConnectionIds, mDvrSourceConnectionIds};
     auto idCombinations = generateIdCombinations(deviceIds);
     for (auto& combo : idCombinations) {
         DescramblingHardwareConnections mDescrambling;
@@ -353,7 +353,10 @@
         }
         mDescrambling.frontendId = feId;
         mDescrambling.audioFilterId = combo[audioFilterIndex];
-        mDescrambling.videoFilterId = combo[videoFilterIndex];
+        const int videoFilterIndex =
+                find(audioFilterIds.begin(), audioFilterIds.end(), mDescrambling.audioFilterId) -
+                audioFilterIds.begin();
+        mDescrambling.videoFilterId = videoFilterIds[videoFilterIndex];
         mDescrambling.dvrSoftwareFeId = dvrSwFeId;
         mDescrambling.dvrSourceId = dvrSourceId;
         mDescrambling.descramblerId = combo[descramblerIndex];
@@ -378,6 +381,206 @@
     return descrambling_configs;
 }
 
+static inline vector<TimeFilterHardwareConnections> generateTimeFilterCombinations() {
+    vector<TimeFilterHardwareConnections> combinations;
+
+    for (auto& id : timeFilterIds) {
+        TimeFilterHardwareConnections mTimeFilter;
+        mTimeFilter.timeFilterId = id;
+        combinations.push_back(mTimeFilter);
+    }
+
+    return combinations;
+}
+
+static inline vector<TimeFilterHardwareConnections> generateTimeFilterConfigurations() {
+    vector<TimeFilterHardwareConnections> timeFilter_configs;
+    if (configuredTimeFilter) {
+        ALOGD("Using TimeFilter configuration provided.");
+        timeFilter_configs = {timeFilter};
+    } else {
+        ALOGD("TimeFilter not provided. Generating possible combinations. Consider adding it to "
+              "the "
+              "configuration file.");
+        timeFilter_configs = generateTimeFilterCombinations();
+    }
+
+    return timeFilter_configs;
+}
+
+/*
+ * index 0 - frontends
+ * index 1 - record dvrs
+ * index 2 - record filters
+ */
+static inline vector<DvrRecordHardwareConnections> generateRecordCombinations() {
+    vector<DvrRecordHardwareConnections> combinations;
+
+    const int frontendIdIndex = 0;
+    const int recordDvrIndex = 1;
+    const int recordFilterIndex = 2;
+
+    vector<vector<string>> deviceIds{frontendIds, recordDvrIds, recordFilterIds};
+
+    auto idCombinations = generateIdCombinations(deviceIds);
+    for (auto& combo : idCombinations) {
+        DvrRecordHardwareConnections mRecord;
+        const string feId = combo[frontendIdIndex];
+        mRecord.hasFrontendConnection = true;
+        if (frontendMap[feId].isSoftwareFe) {
+            // If we have a software frontend, do not include configuration for testing.
+            continue;
+        }
+        mRecord.frontendId = feId;
+        mRecord.support = true;
+        mRecord.dvrSourceId = emptyHardwareId;
+        mRecord.dvrSoftwareFeId = emptyHardwareId;
+        mRecord.recordFilterId = combo[recordFilterIndex];
+        mRecord.dvrRecordId = combo[recordDvrIndex];
+        combinations.push_back(mRecord);
+    }
+
+    return combinations;
+}
+
+static inline vector<DvrRecordHardwareConnections> generateRecordConfigurations() {
+    vector<DvrRecordHardwareConnections> record_configs;
+    if (configuredRecord) {
+        ALOGD("Using Record configuration provided.");
+        record_configs = {record};
+    } else {
+        ALOGD("Record not provided. Generating possible combinations. Consider adding it to "
+              "the "
+              "configuration file.");
+        record_configs = generateRecordCombinations();
+    }
+
+    return record_configs;
+}
+
+/*
+ * index 0 - frontends
+ * index 1 - audio filters
+ * index 2 - playback dvrs
+ * index 3 - section Filters
+ */
+static inline vector<LiveBroadcastHardwareConnections> generateLiveCombinations() {
+    vector<LiveBroadcastHardwareConnections> combinations;
+    vector<string> mSectionFilterIds = sectionFilterIds;
+    vector<string> mDvrSwConnectionIds = playbackDvrIds;
+
+    // Adding the empty hardware id to cover cases where fields are optional
+    mSectionFilterIds.push_back(emptyHardwareId);
+    mDvrSwConnectionIds.push_back(emptyHardwareId);
+
+    const int frontendIdIndex = 0;
+    const int audioFilterIdIndex = 1;
+    const int dvrSwConnectionIdIndex = 2;
+    const int sectionFilterIdIndex = 3;
+
+    vector<vector<string>> deviceIds{frontendIds, audioFilterIds, mDvrSwConnectionIds,
+                                     mSectionFilterIds};
+
+    auto idCombinations = generateIdCombinations(deviceIds);
+    for (auto& combo : idCombinations) {
+        LiveBroadcastHardwareConnections mLive;
+        const string feId = combo[frontendIdIndex];
+        const string dvrSwConnectionId = combo[dvrSwConnectionIdIndex];
+        mLive.hasFrontendConnection = true;
+
+        if (frontendMap[feId].isSoftwareFe && dvrSwConnectionId.compare(emptyHardwareId) == 0) {
+            // If the frontend is a software frontend and there is no dvr playback connected, do not
+            // include configuration
+            continue;
+        }
+        mLive.frontendId = feId;
+        mLive.dvrSoftwareFeId = dvrSwConnectionId;
+        mLive.audioFilterId = combo[audioFilterIdIndex];
+        const int videoFilterIdIndex =
+                find(audioFilterIds.begin(), audioFilterIds.end(), mLive.audioFilterId) -
+                audioFilterIds.begin();
+        mLive.videoFilterId = videoFilterIds[videoFilterIdIndex];
+        mLive.sectionFilterId = combo[sectionFilterIdIndex];
+
+        if (pcrFilterIds.empty()) {
+            // If pcr Filters have not been provided, set it to empty hardware id
+            mLive.pcrFilterId = emptyHardwareId;
+        } else {
+            // If pcr Filters have been provided, use the first index if there is only 1, or choose
+            // the filter that corresponds to the correct audio and video filter pair
+            const int pcrFilterIdIndex = pcrFilterIds.size() == 1 ? 0 : videoFilterIdIndex;
+            mLive.pcrFilterId = pcrFilterIds[pcrFilterIdIndex];
+        }
+
+        combinations.push_back(mLive);
+    }
+
+    return combinations;
+}
+
+static inline vector<LiveBroadcastHardwareConnections> generateLiveConfigurations() {
+    vector<LiveBroadcastHardwareConnections> live_configs;
+    if (configuredLive) {
+        ALOGD("Using Live configuration provided.");
+        live_configs = {live};
+    } else {
+        ALOGD("Live not provided. Generating possible combinations. Consider adding it to "
+              "the "
+              "configuration file.");
+        live_configs = generateLiveCombinations();
+    }
+
+    return live_configs;
+}
+
+static inline vector<LnbDescramblingHardwareConnections> generateLnbDescramblingCombinations() {
+    vector<LnbDescramblingHardwareConnections> combinations;
+    vector<vector<string>> deviceIds{frontendIds, audioFilterIds, lnbIds, descramblerIds};
+
+    const int frontendIdIndex = 0;
+    const int audioFilterIdIndex = 1;
+    const int lnbIdIndex = 2;
+    const int descramblerIdIndex = 3;
+
+    auto idCombinations = generateIdCombinations(deviceIds);
+    // TODO : Find a better way to vary diseqcMsgs, if at all
+    for (auto& combo : idCombinations) {
+        const string feId = combo[frontendIdIndex];
+        auto type = frontendMap[feId].type;
+        if (type == FrontendType::DVBS || type == FrontendType::ISDBS ||
+            type == FrontendType::ISDBS3) {
+            LnbDescramblingHardwareConnections mLnbDescrambling;
+            mLnbDescrambling.support = true;
+            mLnbDescrambling.frontendId = feId;
+            mLnbDescrambling.audioFilterId = combo[audioFilterIdIndex];
+            const int videoFilterIdIndex = find(audioFilterIds.begin(), audioFilterIds.end(),
+                                                mLnbDescrambling.audioFilterId) -
+                                           audioFilterIds.begin();
+            mLnbDescrambling.videoFilterId = videoFilterIds[videoFilterIdIndex];
+            mLnbDescrambling.lnbId = combo[lnbIdIndex];
+            mLnbDescrambling.descramblerId = combo[descramblerIdIndex];
+            mLnbDescrambling.diseqcMsgs = diseqcMsgs;
+            combinations.push_back(mLnbDescrambling);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return combinations;
+}
+
+static inline vector<LnbDescramblingHardwareConnections> generateLnbDescramblingConfigurations() {
+    vector<LnbDescramblingHardwareConnections> lnbDescrambling_configs;
+    if (configuredLnbDescrambling) {
+        ALOGD("Using LnbDescrambling configuration provided");
+        lnbDescrambling_configs = {lnbDescrambling};
+    } else {
+        ALOGD("LnbDescrambling not provided. Generating possible combinations. Consider adding it "
+              "to the configuration file.");
+        lnbDescrambling_configs = generateLnbDescramblingCombinations();
+    }
+
+    return lnbDescrambling_configs;
+}
+
 /** Config all the frontends that would be used in the tests */
 inline void initFrontendConfig() {
     // The test will use the internal default fe when default fe is connected to any data flow
@@ -566,6 +769,15 @@
     record.support = true;
 }
 
+inline void determineLnbDescrambling() {
+    if (frontendIds.empty() || audioFilterIds.empty() || videoFilterIds.empty() || lnbIds.empty() ||
+        descramblerIds.empty()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    ALOGD("Can support LnbDescrambling.");
+    lnbDescrambling.support = true;
+}
+
 /** Read the vendor configurations of which hardware to use for each test cases/data flows */
 inline void connectHardwaresToTestCases() {
     TunerTestingConfigAidlReader1_0::connectLiveBroadcast(live);
@@ -576,6 +788,7 @@
     TunerTestingConfigAidlReader1_0::connectLnbLive(lnbLive);
     TunerTestingConfigAidlReader1_0::connectLnbRecord(lnbRecord);
     TunerTestingConfigAidlReader1_0::connectDvrPlayback(playback);
+    TunerTestingConfigAidlReader1_0::connectLnbDescrambling(lnbDescrambling);
 };
 
 inline void determineDataFlows() {
@@ -587,6 +800,7 @@
     determineLive();
     determineDescrambling();
     determineDvrRecord();
+    determineLnbDescrambling();
 }
 
 inline bool validateConnections() {
@@ -612,6 +826,10 @@
     feIsValid &=
             lnbRecord.support ? frontendMap.find(lnbRecord.frontendId) != frontendMap.end() : true;
 
+    feIsValid &= lnbDescrambling.support
+                         ? frontendMap.find(lnbDescrambling.frontendId) != frontendMap.end()
+                         : true;
+
     if (!feIsValid) {
         ALOGW("[vts config] dynamic config fe connection is invalid.");
         return false;
@@ -696,11 +914,29 @@
                 playback.hasExtraFilters ? filterMap.find(filterId) != filterMap.end() : true;
     }
 
+    filterIsValid &=
+            lnbDescrambling.support
+                    ? filterMap.find(lnbDescrambling.audioFilterId) != filterMap.end() &&
+                              filterMap.find(lnbDescrambling.videoFilterId) != filterMap.end()
+                    : true;
+
     if (!filterIsValid) {
         ALOGW("[vts config] dynamic config filter connection is invalid.");
         return false;
     }
 
+    if (audioFilterIds.size() != videoFilterIds.size()) {
+        ALOGW("[vts config] the number of audio and video filters should be equal");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!pcrFilterIds.empty() && pcrFilterIds.size() != 1 &&
+        pcrFilterIds.size() != audioFilterIds.size()) {
+        ALOGW("[vts config] When more than 1 pcr filter is configured, the number of pcr filters "
+              "must equal the number of audio and video filters.");
+        return false;
+    }
+
     bool timeFilterIsValid =
             timeFilter.support ? timeFilterMap.find(timeFilter.timeFilterId) != timeFilterMap.end()
                                : true;
@@ -714,6 +950,11 @@
                     ? descramblerMap.find(descrambling.descramblerId) != descramblerMap.end()
                     : true;
 
+    descramblerIsValid &=
+            lnbDescrambling.support
+                    ? descramblerMap.find(lnbDescrambling.descramblerId) != descramblerMap.end()
+                    : true;
+
     if (!descramblerIsValid) {
         ALOGW("[vts config] dynamic config descrambler connection is invalid.");
         return false;
@@ -723,6 +964,9 @@
 
     lnbIsValid &= lnbRecord.support ? lnbMap.find(lnbRecord.lnbId) != lnbMap.end() : true;
 
+    lnbIsValid &=
+            lnbDescrambling.support ? lnbMap.find(lnbDescrambling.lnbId) != lnbMap.end() : true;
+
     if (!lnbIsValid) {
         ALOGW("[vts config] dynamic config lnb connection is invalid.");
         return false;
@@ -738,6 +982,10 @@
         diseqcMsgsIsValid &= diseqcMsgMap.find(msg) != diseqcMsgMap.end();
     }
 
+    for (auto& msg : lnbDescrambling.diseqcMsgs) {
+        diseqcMsgsIsValid &= diseqcMsgMap.find(msg) != diseqcMsgMap.end();
+    }
+
     if (!diseqcMsgsIsValid) {
         ALOGW("[vts config] dynamic config diseqcMsg is invalid.");
         return false;
diff --git a/tv/tuner/config/TunerTestingConfigAidlReaderV1_0.h b/tv/tuner/config/TunerTestingConfigAidlReaderV1_0.h
index 6fafd59..9517520 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/config/TunerTestingConfigAidlReaderV1_0.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/config/TunerTestingConfigAidlReaderV1_0.h
@@ -73,13 +73,17 @@
 static bool configuredLnbRecord = false;
 static bool configuredTimeFilter = false;
 static bool configuredDescrambling = false;
+static bool configuredLnbDescrambling = false;
 
 const string emptyHardwareId = "";
 
 static string mConfigFilePath;
 
 static vector<string> playbackDvrIds;
+static vector<string> ipFilterIds;
 static vector<string> recordDvrIds;
+static vector<string> pcrFilterIds;
+static vector<string> timeFilterIds;
 static vector<string> audioFilterIds;
 static vector<string> videoFilterIds;
 static vector<string> recordFilterIds;
@@ -226,6 +230,16 @@
     string timeFilterId;
 };
 
+struct LnbDescramblingHardwareConnections {
+    bool support;
+    string frontendId;
+    string audioFilterId;
+    string videoFilterId;
+    string lnbId;
+    string descramblerId;
+    vector<string> diseqcMsgs;
+};
+
 struct TunerTestingConfigAidlReader1_0 {
   public:
     static void setConfigFilePath(string path) { mConfigFilePath = path; }
@@ -503,6 +517,7 @@
             auto timeFilters = *hardwareConfig.getFirstTimeFilters();
             for (auto timeFilterConfig : timeFilters.getTimeFilter()) {
                 string id = timeFilterConfig.getId();
+                timeFilterIds.push_back(id);
                 timeFilterMap[id].timeStamp = static_cast<int64_t>(timeFilterConfig.getTimeStamp());
             }
         }
@@ -701,6 +716,28 @@
         timeFilter.timeFilterId = timeFilterConfig.getTimeFilterConnection();
     }
 
+    static void connectLnbDescrambling(LnbDescramblingHardwareConnections& lnbDescrambling) {
+        auto dataFlow = getDataFlowConfiguration();
+        if (dataFlow.hasLnbDescrambling()) {
+            lnbDescrambling.support = true;
+            configuredLnbDescrambling = true;
+        } else {
+            lnbDescrambling.support = false;
+            return;
+        }
+        auto lnbDescramblingConfig = *dataFlow.getFirstLnbDescrambling();
+        lnbDescrambling.frontendId = lnbDescramblingConfig.getFrontendConnection();
+        lnbDescrambling.audioFilterId = lnbDescramblingConfig.getAudioFilterConnection();
+        lnbDescrambling.videoFilterId = lnbDescramblingConfig.getVideoFilterConnection();
+        lnbDescrambling.lnbId = lnbDescramblingConfig.getLnbConnection();
+        lnbDescrambling.descramblerId = lnbDescramblingConfig.getDescramblerConnection();
+        if (lnbDescramblingConfig.hasDiseqcMsgSender()) {
+            for (auto& msgName : lnbDescramblingConfig.getDiseqcMsgSender()) {
+                lnbDescrambling.diseqcMsgs.push_back(msgName);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
   private:
     static FrontendDvbtSettings readDvbtFrontendSettings(Frontend feConfig) {
         ALOGW("[ConfigReader] fe type is dvbt");
@@ -851,6 +888,10 @@
             recordFilterIds.push_back(filterConfig.getId());
         } else if (subType == FilterSubTypeEnum::SECTION) {
             sectionFilterIds.push_back(filterConfig.getId());
+        } else if (subType == FilterSubTypeEnum::PCR) {
+            pcrFilterIds.push_back(filterConfig.getId());
+        } else if (subType == FilterSubTypeEnum::IP) {
+            ipFilterIds.push_back(filterConfig.getId());
         }
 
         switch (mainType) {
diff --git a/tv/tuner/config/api/current.txt b/tv/tuner/config/api/current.txt
index 79efb1b..dbd3486 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/config/api/current.txt
+++ b/tv/tuner/config/api/current.txt
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
     method @Nullable public android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.Descrambling getDescrambling();
     method @Nullable public android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.DvrPlayback getDvrPlayback();
     method @Nullable public android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.DvrRecord getDvrRecord();
+    method @Nullable public android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.LnbDescrambling getLnbDescrambling();
     method @Nullable public android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.LnbLive getLnbLive();
     method @Nullable public android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.LnbRecord getLnbRecord();
     method @Nullable public android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.Scan getScan();
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@
     method public void setDescrambling(@Nullable android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.Descrambling);
     method public void setDvrPlayback(@Nullable android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.DvrPlayback);
     method public void setDvrRecord(@Nullable android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.DvrRecord);
+    method public void setLnbDescrambling(@Nullable android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.LnbDescrambling);
     method public void setLnbLive(@Nullable android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.LnbLive);
     method public void setLnbRecord(@Nullable android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.LnbRecord);
     method public void setScan(@Nullable android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.DataFlowConfiguration.Scan);
@@ -111,6 +113,22 @@
     method public void setRecordFilterConnection(@Nullable String);
   }
 
+  public static class DataFlowConfiguration.LnbDescrambling {
+    ctor public DataFlowConfiguration.LnbDescrambling();
+    method @Nullable public String getAudioFilterConnection();
+    method @Nullable public String getDescramblerConnection();
+    method @Nullable public java.util.List<java.lang.String> getDiseqcMsgSender();
+    method @Nullable public String getFrontendConnection();
+    method @Nullable public String getLnbConnection();
+    method @Nullable public String getVideoFilterConnection();
+    method public void setAudioFilterConnection(@Nullable String);
+    method public void setDescramblerConnection(@Nullable String);
+    method public void setDiseqcMsgSender(@Nullable java.util.List<java.lang.String>);
+    method public void setFrontendConnection(@Nullable String);
+    method public void setLnbConnection(@Nullable String);
+    method public void setVideoFilterConnection(@Nullable String);
+  }
+
   public static class DataFlowConfiguration.LnbLive {
     ctor public DataFlowConfiguration.LnbLive();
     method @Nullable public String getAudioFilterConnection();
diff --git a/tv/tuner/config/sample_tuner_vts_config_aidl_V1.xml b/tv/tuner/config/sample_tuner_vts_config_aidl_V1.xml
index 1a148a4..f74af7e 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/config/sample_tuner_vts_config_aidl_V1.xml
+++ b/tv/tuner/config/sample_tuner_vts_config_aidl_V1.xml
@@ -196,7 +196,6 @@
                       videoFilterConnection="FILTER_VIDEO_DEFAULT"
                       dvrSoftwareFeConnection="DVR_PLAYBACK_0"
                       dvrSourceConnection="DVR_PLAYBACK_1">
-                      <optionalFilters>FILTER_TS_RECORD_0 FILTER_IP_IP_0</optionalFilters>
         </descrambling>
         <timeFilter timeFilterConnection="TIME_FILTER_0"/>
         <lnbLive frontendConnection="FE_DVBS_0"
@@ -209,5 +208,11 @@
                    dvrRecordConnection="DVR_RECORD_0"
                    lnbConnection="LNB_0"
                    diseqcMsgSender="DISEQC_POWER_ON"/>
+        <lnbDescrambling frontendConnection="FE_DVBS_0"
+                        audioFilterConnection="FILTER_AUDIO_DEFAULT"
+                        videoFilterConnection="FILTER_VIDEO_DEFAULT"
+                        lnbConnection="LNB_1"
+                        descramblerConnection="DESCRAMBLER_0"/>
+
     </dataFlowConfiguration>
 </TunerConfiguration>
diff --git a/tv/tuner/config/tuner_testing_dynamic_configuration.xsd b/tv/tuner/config/tuner_testing_dynamic_configuration.xsd
index e0f2579..c51ac51 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/config/tuner_testing_dynamic_configuration.xsd
+++ b/tv/tuner/config/tuner_testing_dynamic_configuration.xsd
@@ -726,6 +726,16 @@
                     <xs:attribute name="timeFilterConnection" type="timeFilterId" use="required"/>
                 </xs:complexType>
             </xs:element>
+            <xs:element name="lnbDescrambling" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:attribute name="frontendConnection" type="frontendId" use="required"/>
+                    <xs:attribute name="audioFilterConnection" type="filterId" use="required"/>
+                    <xs:attribute name="videoFilterConnection" type="filterId" use="required"/>
+                    <xs:attribute name="lnbConnection" type="lnbId" use="required"/>
+                    <xs:attribute name="descramblerConnection" type="descramblerId" use="required"/>
+                    <xs:attribute name="diseqcMsgSender" type="diseqcMsgSender" use="optional"/>
+                </xs:complexType>
+            </xs:element>
         </xs:sequence>
     </xs:complexType>
 
diff --git a/wifi/1.6/default/Android.bp b/wifi/1.6/default/Android.bp
index d48d183..0ac6412 100644
--- a/wifi/1.6/default/Android.bp
+++ b/wifi/1.6/default/Android.bp
@@ -16,42 +16,60 @@
     default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
 }
 
-filegroup {
-    name: "android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service_srcs",
-    srcs: ["service.cpp"],
+soong_config_module_type {
+    name: "wifi_hal_cc_defaults",
+    module_type: "cc_defaults",
+    config_namespace: "wifi",
+    bool_variables: [
+        "hidl_feature_aware", // WIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_AWARE
+        "hidl_feature_dual_interface", // WIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DUAL_INTERFACE
+        "hidl_feature_disable_ap", // WIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DISABLE_AP
+        "hidl_feature_disable_ap_mac_randomization", // WIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DISABLE_AP_MAC_RANDOMIZATION
+        "avoid_iface_reset_mac_change", // WIFI_AVOID_IFACE_RESET_MAC_CHANGE
+    ],
+    value_variables: [
+        "hal_interface_combinations", // WIFI_HAL_INTERFACE_COMBINATIONS
+    ],
+    properties: [
+        "cppflags",
+    ],
 }
 
-cc_defaults {
-    name: "android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service_default",
-    srcs: [":android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service_srcs"],
-    relative_install_path: "hw",
-    soc_specific: true,
-    shared_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.wifi@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.wifi@1.1",
-        "android.hardware.wifi@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.wifi@1.3",
-        "android.hardware.wifi@1.4",
-        "android.hardware.wifi@1.5",
-        "android.hardware.wifi@1.6",
-        "libbase",
-        "libcutils",
-        "libhidlbase",
-        "liblog",
-        "libnl",
-        "libutils",
-        "libwifi-system-iface",
-        "libxml2",
-    ],
+wifi_hal_cc_defaults {
+    name: "android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-cppflags-defaults",
+    soong_config_variables: {
+        hidl_feature_aware: {
+            cppflags: ["-DWIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_AWARE"],
+        },
+        hidl_feature_dual_interface: {
+            cppflags: ["-DWIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DUAL_INTERFACE"],
+        },
+        hidl_feature_disable_ap: {
+            cppflags: ["-DWIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DISABLE_AP"],
+        },
+        hidl_feature_disable_ap_mac_randomization: {
+            cppflags: ["-DWIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DISABLE_AP_MAC_RANDOMIZATION"],
+        },
+        avoid_iface_reset_mac_change: {
+            cppflags: ["-DWIFI_AVOID_IFACE_RESET_MAC_CHANGE"],
+        },
+        hal_interface_combinations: {
+            cppflags: ["-DWIFI_HAL_INTERFACE_COMBINATIONS=%s"],
+        },
+    },
+}
+
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lib",
+    defaults: ["android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-cppflags-defaults"],
+    proprietary: true,
     cppflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
         "-Wextra",
     ],
-}
-
-filegroup {
-    name: "android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lib_srcs",
+    // Allow implicit fallthroughs in wifi_legacy_hal.cpp until they are fixed.
+    cflags: ["-Wno-error=implicit-fallthrough"],
     srcs: [
         "hidl_struct_util.cpp",
         "hidl_sync_util.cpp",
@@ -71,14 +89,17 @@
         "wifi_sta_iface.cpp",
         "wifi_status_util.cpp",
     ],
-}
 
-cc_defaults {
-    name: "android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lib_defaults",
-    srcs: [":android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lib_srcs"],
-    relative_install_path: "hw",
-    soc_specific: true,
     shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "liblog",
+        "libnl",
+        "libutils",
+        "libwifi-hal",
+        "libwifi-system-iface",
+        "libxml2",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.0",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.1",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.2",
@@ -86,22 +107,120 @@
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.4",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.5",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.6",
+    ],
+
+    export_include_dirs: ["."],
+}
+
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service",
+    vintf_fragments: ["android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service.xml"],
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    proprietary: true,
+    cppflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-Wextra",
+    ],
+    srcs: ["service.cpp"],
+    shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libcutils",
         "libhidlbase",
         "liblog",
         "libnl",
         "libutils",
+        "libwifi-hal",
         "libwifi-system-iface",
         "libxml2",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.3",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.4",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.5",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.6",
     ],
-    // Generated by building android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lib and printing LOCAL_CPPFLAGS.
+    static_libs: ["android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lib"],
+    init_rc: ["android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service.rc"],
+}
+
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lazy",
+    vintf_fragments: ["android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service.xml"],
+    overrides: ["android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service"],
+    cflags: ["-DLAZY_SERVICE"],
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    proprietary: true,
     cppflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Werror",
         "-Wextra",
-        "-DWIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DUAL_INTERFACE",
     ],
-    export_include_dirs: ["."],
-    include_dirs: ["external/libxml2/include"],
+    srcs: ["service.cpp"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "liblog",
+        "libnl",
+        "libutils",
+        "libwifi-hal",
+        "libwifi-system-iface",
+        "libxml2",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.3",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.4",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.5",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.6",
+    ],
+    static_libs: ["android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lib"],
+    init_rc: ["android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lazy.rc"],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-tests",
+    proprietary: true,
+    cppflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-Wextra",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "tests/hidl_struct_util_unit_tests.cpp",
+        "tests/main.cpp",
+        "tests/mock_interface_tool.cpp",
+        "tests/mock_wifi_feature_flags.cpp",
+        "tests/mock_wifi_iface_util.cpp",
+        "tests/mock_wifi_legacy_hal.cpp",
+        "tests/mock_wifi_mode_controller.cpp",
+        "tests/ringbuffer_unit_tests.cpp",
+        "tests/wifi_nan_iface_unit_tests.cpp",
+        "tests/wifi_chip_unit_tests.cpp",
+        "tests/wifi_iface_util_unit_tests.cpp",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libgmock",
+        "libgtest",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.3",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.4",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.5",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.6",
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lib",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "liblog",
+        "libnl",
+        "libutils",
+        "libwifi-hal",
+        "libwifi-system-iface",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/wifi/1.6/default/Android.mk b/wifi/1.6/default/Android.mk
deleted file mode 100644
index ca1c022..0000000
--- a/wifi/1.6/default/Android.mk
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,202 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright (C) 2016 The Android Open Source Project
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
-
-###
-### android.hardware.wifi static library
-###
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lib
-LOCAL_LICENSE_KINDS := SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
-LOCAL_LICENSE_CONDITIONS := notice
-LOCAL_NOTICE_FILE := $(LOCAL_PATH)/../../../NOTICE
-LOCAL_MODULE_RELATIVE_PATH := hw
-LOCAL_PROPRIETARY_MODULE := true
-LOCAL_CPPFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra
-ifdef WIFI_HAL_INTERFACE_COMBINATIONS
-LOCAL_CPPFLAGS += -DWIFI_HAL_INTERFACE_COMBINATIONS="$(WIFI_HAL_INTERFACE_COMBINATIONS)"
-endif
-ifdef WIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_AWARE
-LOCAL_CPPFLAGS += -DWIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_AWARE
-endif
-ifdef WIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DUAL_INTERFACE
-LOCAL_CPPFLAGS += -DWIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DUAL_INTERFACE
-endif
-ifdef WIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DISABLE_AP
-LOCAL_CPPFLAGS += -DWIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DISABLE_AP
-endif
-ifdef WIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DISABLE_AP_MAC_RANDOMIZATION
-LOCAL_CPPFLAGS += -DWIFI_HIDL_FEATURE_DISABLE_AP_MAC_RANDOMIZATION
-endif
-ifdef WIFI_AVOID_IFACE_RESET_MAC_CHANGE
-LOCAL_CPPFLAGS += -DWIFI_AVOID_IFACE_RESET_MAC_CHANGE
-endif
-# Allow implicit fallthroughs in wifi_legacy_hal.cpp until they are fixed.
-LOCAL_CFLAGS += -Wno-error=implicit-fallthrough
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
-    hidl_struct_util.cpp \
-    hidl_sync_util.cpp \
-    ringbuffer.cpp \
-    wifi.cpp \
-    wifi_ap_iface.cpp \
-    wifi_chip.cpp \
-    wifi_feature_flags.cpp \
-    wifi_iface_util.cpp \
-    wifi_legacy_hal.cpp \
-    wifi_legacy_hal_factory.cpp \
-    wifi_legacy_hal_stubs.cpp \
-    wifi_mode_controller.cpp \
-    wifi_nan_iface.cpp \
-    wifi_p2p_iface.cpp \
-    wifi_rtt_controller.cpp \
-    wifi_sta_iface.cpp \
-    wifi_status_util.cpp
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \
-    libbase \
-    libcutils \
-    libhidlbase \
-    liblog \
-    libnl \
-    libutils \
-    libwifi-hal \
-    libwifi-system-iface \
-    libxml2 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.0 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.1 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.2 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.3 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.4 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.5 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.6
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES += $(TOP)/external/libxml2/include
-LOCAL_EXPORT_C_INCLUDE_DIRS := $(LOCAL_PATH)
-include $(BUILD_STATIC_LIBRARY)
-
-###
-### android.hardware.wifi daemon
-###
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service
-LOCAL_LICENSE_KINDS := SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
-LOCAL_LICENSE_CONDITIONS := notice
-LOCAL_NOTICE_FILE := $(LOCAL_PATH)/../../../NOTICE
-LOCAL_VINTF_FRAGMENTS := android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service.xml
-LOCAL_MODULE_RELATIVE_PATH := hw
-LOCAL_PROPRIETARY_MODULE := true
-LOCAL_CPPFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
-    service.cpp
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \
-    libbase \
-    libcutils \
-    libhidlbase \
-    liblog \
-    libnl \
-    libutils \
-    libwifi-hal \
-    libwifi-system-iface \
-    libxml2 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.0 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.1 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.2 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.3 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.4 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.5 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.6
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lib
-LOCAL_INIT_RC := android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service.rc
-include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
-
-###
-### android.hardware.wifi daemon
-###
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lazy
-LOCAL_LICENSE_KINDS := SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
-LOCAL_LICENSE_CONDITIONS := notice
-LOCAL_NOTICE_FILE := $(LOCAL_PATH)/../../../NOTICE
-LOCAL_VINTF_FRAGMENTS := android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service.xml
-LOCAL_OVERRIDES_MODULES := android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service
-LOCAL_CFLAGS := -DLAZY_SERVICE
-LOCAL_MODULE_RELATIVE_PATH := hw
-LOCAL_PROPRIETARY_MODULE := true
-LOCAL_CPPFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
-    service.cpp
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \
-    libbase \
-    libcutils \
-    libhidlbase \
-    liblog \
-    libnl \
-    libutils \
-    libwifi-hal \
-    libwifi-system-iface \
-    libxml2 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.0 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.1 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.2 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.3 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.4 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.5 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.6
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lib
-LOCAL_INIT_RC := android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lazy.rc
-include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
-
-###
-### android.hardware.wifi unit tests.
-###
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-tests
-LOCAL_LICENSE_KINDS := SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
-LOCAL_LICENSE_CONDITIONS := notice
-LOCAL_NOTICE_FILE := $(LOCAL_PATH)/../../../NOTICE
-LOCAL_PROPRIETARY_MODULE := true
-LOCAL_CPPFLAGS := -Wall -Werror -Wextra
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
-    tests/hidl_struct_util_unit_tests.cpp \
-    tests/main.cpp \
-    tests/mock_interface_tool.cpp \
-    tests/mock_wifi_feature_flags.cpp \
-    tests/mock_wifi_iface_util.cpp \
-    tests/mock_wifi_legacy_hal.cpp \
-    tests/mock_wifi_mode_controller.cpp \
-    tests/ringbuffer_unit_tests.cpp \
-    tests/wifi_nan_iface_unit_tests.cpp \
-    tests/wifi_chip_unit_tests.cpp \
-    tests/wifi_iface_util_unit_tests.cpp
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := \
-    libgmock \
-    libgtest \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.0 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.1 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.2 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.3 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.4 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.5 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.6 \
-    android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service-lib
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \
-    libbase \
-    libcutils \
-    libhidlbase \
-    liblog \
-    libnl \
-    libutils \
-    libwifi-hal \
-    libwifi-system-iface
-include $(BUILD_NATIVE_TEST)