Merge changes I0a18a6d9,I13a83113,I13c9c8d1,I8717acac

* changes:
  audio: Add non-blocking I/O stream operations
  audio: Fix handling of quick worker completion in StreamWorker
  audio: Report unknown stream positions explicitly
  audio: Implement transient state testing
diff --git a/audio/aidl/Android.bp b/audio/aidl/Android.bp
index c3ce255..563ee62 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -23,9 +23,18 @@
     default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
 }
 
+aidl_interface_defaults {
+    name: "android.hardware.audio_defaults",
+    host_supported: true,
+    vendor_available: true,
+    stability: "vintf",
+}
+
 aidl_interface {
     name: "android.hardware.audio.common",
-    vendor_available: true,
+    defaults: [
+        "android.hardware.audio_defaults",
+    ],
     srcs: [
         "android/hardware/audio/common/PlaybackTrackMetadata.aidl",
         "android/hardware/audio/common/RecordTrackMetadata.aidl",
@@ -35,7 +44,6 @@
     imports: [
         "android.media.audio.common.types-V2",
     ],
-    stability: "vintf",
     backend: {
         cpp: {
             enabled: true,
@@ -87,9 +95,18 @@
     ],
 }
 
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "latest_android_hardware_audio_common_ndk_shared",
+    shared_libs: [
+        latest_android_hardware_audio_common + "-ndk",
+    ],
+}
+
 aidl_interface {
     name: "android.hardware.audio.core",
-    vendor_available: true,
+    defaults: [
+        "android.hardware.audio_defaults",
+    ],
     srcs: [
         "android/hardware/audio/core/AudioMode.aidl",
         "android/hardware/audio/core/AudioPatch.aidl",
@@ -111,7 +128,6 @@
         "android.hardware.audio.common-V1",
         "android.media.audio.common.types-V2",
     ],
-    stability: "vintf",
     backend: {
         // The C++ backend is disabled transitively due to use of FMQ.
         cpp: {
@@ -149,7 +165,9 @@
 
 aidl_interface {
     name: "android.hardware.audio.effect",
-    vendor_available: true,
+    defaults: [
+        "android.hardware.audio_defaults",
+    ],
     srcs: [
         "android/hardware/audio/effect/BassBoost.aidl",
         "android/hardware/audio/effect/Capability.aidl",
@@ -178,7 +196,6 @@
         "android.hardware.audio.common-V1",
         "android.media.audio.common.types-V2",
     ],
-    stability: "vintf",
     backend: {
         // The C++ backend is disabled transitively due to use of FMQ.
         cpp: {
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/Android.bp b/audio/aidl/default/Android.bp
index e16b338..2b9ed5b 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
     name: "aidlaudioeffectservice_defaults",
     defaults: [
         "latest_android_media_audio_common_types_ndk_shared",
+        "latest_android_hardware_audio_effect_ndk_shared",
     ],
     vendor: true,
     shared_libs: [
@@ -78,7 +79,6 @@
         "libutils",
         "android.hardware.common-V2-ndk",
         "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1-ndk",
-        "android.hardware.audio.effect-V1-ndk",
     ],
     header_libs: [
         "libaudioaidl_headers",
@@ -109,11 +109,13 @@
     defaults: ["aidlaudioeffectservice_defaults"],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbassboostsw",
+        "libbundleaidl",
         "libdynamicsprocessingsw",
+        "libenvreverbsw",
         "libequalizersw",
         "libhapticgeneratorsw",
         "libloudnessenhancersw",
-        "libreverbsw",
+        "libpresetreverbsw",
         "libtinyxml2",
         "libvirtualizersw",
         "libvisualizersw",
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/audio_effects_config.xml b/audio/aidl/default/audio_effects_config.xml
index b6fea27..f4ac8fe 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/audio_effects_config.xml
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/audio_effects_config.xml
@@ -34,7 +34,8 @@
         <library name="equalizersw" path="libequalizersw.so"/>
         <library name="haptic_generatorsw" path="libhapticgeneratorsw.so"/>
         <library name="loudness_enhancersw" path="libloudnessenhancersw.so"/>
-        <library name="reverbsw" path="libreverbsw.so"/>
+        <library name="env_reverbsw" path="libenvreverbsw.so"/>
+        <library name="preset_reverbsw" path="libpresetreverbsw.so"/>
         <library name="virtualizersw" path="libvirtualizersw.so"/>
         <library name="visualizersw" path="libvisualizersw.so"/>
         <library name="volumesw" path="libvolumesw.so"/>
@@ -64,11 +65,12 @@
         <effect name="dynamics_processing" library="dynamics_processingsw" uuid="fa818d78-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002"/>
         <effect name="haptic_generator" library="haptic_generatorsw" uuid="fa819110-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002"/>
         <effect name="loudness_enhancer" library="loudness_enhancersw" uuid="fa819610-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002"/>
-        <effect name="reverb" library="reverbsw" uuid="fa8199c6-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002"/>
+        <effect name="env_reverb" library="env_reverbsw" uuid="fa819886-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002"/>
+        <effect name="preset_reverb" library="preset_reverbsw" uuid="fa8199c6-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002"/>
         <effect name="virtualizer" library="virtualizersw" uuid="fa819d86-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002"/>
         <effect name="visualizer" library="visualizersw" uuid="fa81a0f6-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002"/>
         <effect name="volume" library="volumesw" uuid="fa81a718-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002"/>
-        <effectProxy name="equalizer" uuid="14804144-a5ee-4d24-aa88-0002a5d5c51b">
+        <effectProxy name="equalizer" uuid="c8e70ecd-48ca-456e-8a4f-0002a5d5c51b">
             <libsw library="equalizersw" uuid="0bed4300-847d-11df-bb17-0002a5d5c51b"/>
             <libsw library="bundle" uuid="ce772f20-847d-11df-bb17-0002a5d5c51b"/>
         </effectProxy>
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/bassboost/BassBoostSw.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/bassboost/BassBoostSw.cpp
index 3c39824..c52d16f 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/bassboost/BassBoostSw.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/bassboost/BassBoostSw.cpp
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@
 #include "BassBoostSw.h"
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::BassBoostSw;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::BassBoostSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kBassBoostSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
 extern "C" binder_exception_t createEffect(const AudioUuid* in_impl_uuid,
                                            std::shared_ptr<IEffect>* instanceSpp) {
-    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != BassBoostSwImplUUID) {
+    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != kBassBoostSwImplUUID) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << "uuid not supported";
         return EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
     }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/bassboost/BassBoostSw.h b/audio/aidl/default/bassboost/BassBoostSw.h
index fe9c640..90a8887 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/bassboost/BassBoostSw.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/bassboost/BassBoostSw.h
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@
   public:
     BassBoostSw() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
     ~BassBoostSw() {
+        cleanUp();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
-        releaseContext();
     }
 
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) override;
@@ -57,13 +57,14 @@
     const BassBoost::Capability kCapability;
     /* Effect descriptor */
     const Descriptor kDescriptor = {
-            .common = {.id = {.type = BassBoostTypeUUID,
-                              .uuid = BassBoostSwImplUUID,
+            .common = {.id = {.type = kBassBoostTypeUUID,
+                              .uuid = kBassBoostSwImplUUID,
                               .proxy = std::nullopt},
                        .flags = {.type = Flags::Type::INSERT,
                                  .insert = Flags::Insert::FIRST,
                                  .volume = Flags::Volume::CTRL},
-                       .name = "BassBoostSw"},
+                       .name = "BassBoostSw",
+                       .implementor = "The Android Open Source Project"},
             .capability = Capability::make<Capability::bassBoost>(kCapability)};
 
     /* parameters */
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd b/audio/aidl/default/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd
index 823b217..2c18a1e 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd
@@ -424,6 +424,8 @@
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_DRA"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_APTX_ADAPTIVE_QLEA"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_APTX_ADAPTIVE_R4"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS_HD_MA"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS_UHD_P2"/>
         </xs:restriction>
     </xs:simpleType>
     <xs:simpleType name="extendableAudioFormat">
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/dynamicProcessing/DynamicsProcessingSw.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/dynamicProcessing/DynamicsProcessingSw.cpp
index 52403e1..3920a58 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/dynamicProcessing/DynamicsProcessingSw.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/dynamicProcessing/DynamicsProcessingSw.cpp
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@
 #include "DynamicsProcessingSw.h"
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::DynamicsProcessingSw;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::DynamicsProcessingSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kDynamicsProcessingSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
 extern "C" binder_exception_t createEffect(const AudioUuid* in_impl_uuid,
                                            std::shared_ptr<IEffect>* instanceSpp) {
-    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != DynamicsProcessingSwImplUUID) {
+    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != kDynamicsProcessingSwImplUUID) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << "uuid not supported";
         return EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
     }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/dynamicProcessing/DynamicsProcessingSw.h b/audio/aidl/default/dynamicProcessing/DynamicsProcessingSw.h
index fc26902..2bc2762 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/dynamicProcessing/DynamicsProcessingSw.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/dynamicProcessing/DynamicsProcessingSw.h
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@
   public:
     DynamicsProcessingSw() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
     ~DynamicsProcessingSw() {
+        cleanUp();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
-        releaseContext();
     }
 
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) override;
@@ -57,13 +57,14 @@
     const DynamicsProcessing::Capability kCapability;
     /* Effect descriptor */
     const Descriptor kDescriptor = {
-            .common = {.id = {.type = DynamicsProcessingTypeUUID,
-                              .uuid = DynamicsProcessingSwImplUUID,
+            .common = {.id = {.type = kDynamicsProcessingTypeUUID,
+                              .uuid = kDynamicsProcessingSwImplUUID,
                               .proxy = std::nullopt},
                        .flags = {.type = Flags::Type::INSERT,
                                  .insert = Flags::Insert::FIRST,
                                  .volume = Flags::Volume::CTRL},
-                       .name = "DynamicsProcessingSw"},
+                       .name = "DynamicsProcessingSw",
+                       .implementor = "The Android Open Source Project"},
             .capability = Capability::make<Capability::dynamicsProcessing>(kCapability)};
 
     /* parameters */
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/Android.bp b/audio/aidl/default/envReverb/Android.bp
similarity index 95%
copy from audio/aidl/default/reverb/Android.bp
copy to audio/aidl/default/envReverb/Android.bp
index 955038c..c239ee5 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/envReverb/Android.bp
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@
 }
 
 cc_library_shared {
-    name: "libreverbsw",
+    name: "libenvreverbsw",
     defaults: [
         "aidlaudioeffectservice_defaults",
         "latest_android_media_audio_common_types_ndk_shared",
         "latest_android_hardware_audio_effect_ndk_shared",
     ],
     srcs: [
-        "ReverbSw.cpp",
+        "EnvReverbSw.cpp",
         ":effectCommonFile",
     ],
     visibility: [
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/ReverbSw.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/envReverb/EnvReverbSw.cpp
similarity index 77%
copy from audio/aidl/default/reverb/ReverbSw.cpp
copy to audio/aidl/default/envReverb/EnvReverbSw.cpp
index 639f1a2..ad447ab 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/ReverbSw.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/envReverb/EnvReverbSw.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <cstddef>
-#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_ReverbSw"
+#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_EnvReverbSw"
 #include <Utils.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <unordered_set>
@@ -23,22 +23,22 @@
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <fmq/AidlMessageQueue.h>
 
-#include "ReverbSw.h"
+#include "EnvReverbSw.h"
 
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::EnvReverbSw;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::ReverbSw;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::ReverbSwImplUUID;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kEnvReverbSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
 extern "C" binder_exception_t createEffect(const AudioUuid* in_impl_uuid,
                                            std::shared_ptr<IEffect>* instanceSpp) {
-    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != ReverbSwImplUUID) {
+    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != kEnvReverbSwImplUUID) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << "uuid not supported";
         return EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
     }
     if (instanceSpp) {
-        *instanceSpp = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<ReverbSw>();
+        *instanceSpp = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<EnvReverbSw>();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " instance " << instanceSpp->get() << " created";
         return EX_NONE;
     } else {
@@ -64,13 +64,13 @@
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect {
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus ReverbSw::getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) {
+ndk::ScopedAStatus EnvReverbSw::getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << kDescriptor.toString();
     *_aidl_return = kDescriptor;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus ReverbSw::setParameterSpecific(const Parameter::Specific& specific) {
+ndk::ScopedAStatus EnvReverbSw::setParameterSpecific(const Parameter::Specific& specific) {
     RETURN_IF(Parameter::Specific::reverb != specific.getTag(), EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
               "EffectNotSupported");
     std::lock_guard lg(mMutex);
@@ -81,24 +81,24 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus ReverbSw::getParameterSpecific(const Parameter::Id& id,
-                                                  Parameter::Specific* specific) {
+ndk::ScopedAStatus EnvReverbSw::getParameterSpecific(const Parameter::Id& id,
+                                                     Parameter::Specific* specific) {
     auto tag = id.getTag();
     RETURN_IF(Parameter::Id::reverbTag != tag, EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, "wrongIdTag");
     specific->set<Parameter::Specific::reverb>(mSpecificParam);
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
-std::shared_ptr<EffectContext> ReverbSw::createContext(const Parameter::Common& common) {
+std::shared_ptr<EffectContext> EnvReverbSw::createContext(const Parameter::Common& common) {
     if (mContext) {
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " context already exist";
         return mContext;
     }
-    mContext = std::make_shared<ReverbSwContext>(1 /* statusFmqDepth */, common);
+    mContext = std::make_shared<EnvReverbSwContext>(1 /* statusFmqDepth */, common);
     return mContext;
 }
 
-RetCode ReverbSw::releaseContext() {
+RetCode EnvReverbSw::releaseContext() {
     if (mContext) {
         mContext.reset();
     }
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
 }
 
 // Processing method running in EffectWorker thread.
-IEffect::Status ReverbSw::effectProcessImpl(float* in, float* out, int process) {
+IEffect::Status EnvReverbSw::effectProcessImpl(float* in, float* out, int process) {
     // TODO: get data buffer and process.
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " in " << in << " out " << out << " process " << process;
     for (int i = 0; i < process; i++) {
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/ReverbSw.h b/audio/aidl/default/envReverb/EnvReverbSw.h
similarity index 79%
rename from audio/aidl/default/reverb/ReverbSw.h
rename to audio/aidl/default/envReverb/EnvReverbSw.h
index e00956f..5a9ab27 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/ReverbSw.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/envReverb/EnvReverbSw.h
@@ -26,21 +26,21 @@
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect {
 
-class ReverbSwContext final : public EffectContext {
+class EnvReverbSwContext final : public EffectContext {
   public:
-    ReverbSwContext(int statusDepth, const Parameter::Common& common)
+    EnvReverbSwContext(int statusDepth, const Parameter::Common& common)
         : EffectContext(statusDepth, common) {
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
     }
     // TODO: add specific context here
 };
 
-class ReverbSw final : public EffectImpl {
+class EnvReverbSw final : public EffectImpl {
   public:
-    ReverbSw() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
-    ~ReverbSw() {
+    EnvReverbSw() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
+    ~EnvReverbSw() {
+        cleanUp();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
-        releaseContext();
     }
 
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) override;
@@ -52,18 +52,19 @@
     RetCode releaseContext() override;
 
   private:
-    std::shared_ptr<ReverbSwContext> mContext;
+    std::shared_ptr<EnvReverbSwContext> mContext;
     /* capabilities */
     const Reverb::Capability kCapability;
     /* Effect descriptor */
     const Descriptor kDescriptor = {
-            .common = {.id = {.type = ReverbTypeUUID,
-                              .uuid = ReverbSwImplUUID,
+            .common = {.id = {.type = kEnvReverbTypeUUID,
+                              .uuid = kEnvReverbSwImplUUID,
                               .proxy = std::nullopt},
                        .flags = {.type = Flags::Type::INSERT,
                                  .insert = Flags::Insert::FIRST,
                                  .volume = Flags::Volume::CTRL},
-                       .name = "ReverbSw"},
+                       .name = "EnvReverbSw",
+                       .implementor = "The Android Open Source Project"},
             .capability = Capability::make<Capability::reverb>(kCapability)};
 
     /* parameters */
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/equalizer/EqualizerSw.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/equalizer/EqualizerSw.cpp
index 32c3969..d61ef97 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/equalizer/EqualizerSw.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/equalizer/EqualizerSw.cpp
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@
 #include "EqualizerSw.h"
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::EqualizerSw;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::EqualizerSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kEqualizerSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
 extern "C" binder_exception_t createEffect(const AudioUuid* in_impl_uuid,
                                            std::shared_ptr<IEffect>* instanceSpp) {
-    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != EqualizerSwImplUUID) {
+    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != kEqualizerSwImplUUID) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << "uuid not supported";
         return EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
     }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/equalizer/EqualizerSw.h b/audio/aidl/default/equalizer/EqualizerSw.h
index 8762f5d..aa4587a 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/equalizer/EqualizerSw.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/equalizer/EqualizerSw.h
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@
   public:
     EqualizerSw() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
     ~EqualizerSw() {
+        cleanUp();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
-        releaseContext();
     }
 
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) override;
@@ -109,13 +109,14 @@
 
     const Equalizer::Capability kEqCap = {.bandFrequencies = mBandFrequency, .presets = mPresets};
     // Effect descriptor.
-    const Descriptor kDesc = {.common = {.id = {.type = EqualizerTypeUUID,
-                                                .uuid = EqualizerSwImplUUID,
-                                                .proxy = std::nullopt},
+    const Descriptor kDesc = {.common = {.id = {.type = kEqualizerTypeUUID,
+                                                .uuid = kEqualizerSwImplUUID,
+                                                .proxy = kEqualizerProxyUUID},
                                          .flags = {.type = Flags::Type::INSERT,
                                                    .insert = Flags::Insert::FIRST,
                                                    .volume = Flags::Volume::CTRL},
-                                         .name = "EqualizerSw"},
+                                         .name = "EqualizerSw",
+                                         .implementor = "The Android Open Source Project"},
                               .capability = Capability::make<Capability::equalizer>(kEqCap)};
 
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getParameterEqualizer(const Equalizer::Tag& tag,
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/hapticGenerator/HapticGeneratorSw.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/hapticGenerator/HapticGeneratorSw.cpp
index 90675c2..fd5ea34 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/hapticGenerator/HapticGeneratorSw.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/hapticGenerator/HapticGeneratorSw.cpp
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@
 #include "HapticGeneratorSw.h"
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::HapticGeneratorSw;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::HapticGeneratorSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kHapticGeneratorSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
 extern "C" binder_exception_t createEffect(const AudioUuid* in_impl_uuid,
                                            std::shared_ptr<IEffect>* instanceSpp) {
-    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != HapticGeneratorSwImplUUID) {
+    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != kHapticGeneratorSwImplUUID) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << "uuid not supported";
         return EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
     }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/hapticGenerator/HapticGeneratorSw.h b/audio/aidl/default/hapticGenerator/HapticGeneratorSw.h
index b5a5036..518aa87 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/hapticGenerator/HapticGeneratorSw.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/hapticGenerator/HapticGeneratorSw.h
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@
   public:
     HapticGeneratorSw() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
     ~HapticGeneratorSw() {
+        cleanUp();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
-        releaseContext();
     }
 
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) override;
@@ -57,13 +57,14 @@
     const HapticGenerator::Capability kCapability;
     /* Effect descriptor */
     const Descriptor kDescriptor = {
-            .common = {.id = {.type = HapticGeneratorTypeUUID,
-                              .uuid = HapticGeneratorSwImplUUID,
+            .common = {.id = {.type = kHapticGeneratorTypeUUID,
+                              .uuid = kHapticGeneratorSwImplUUID,
                               .proxy = std::nullopt},
                        .flags = {.type = Flags::Type::INSERT,
                                  .insert = Flags::Insert::FIRST,
                                  .volume = Flags::Volume::CTRL},
-                       .name = "HapticGeneratorSw"},
+                       .name = "HapticGeneratorSw",
+                       .implementor = "The Android Open Source Project"},
             .capability = Capability::make<Capability::hapticGenerator>(kCapability)};
 
     /* parameters */
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/effect-impl/EffectImpl.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/effect-impl/EffectImpl.h
index cb395b7..d9825da 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/effect-impl/EffectImpl.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/effect-impl/EffectImpl.h
@@ -30,11 +30,8 @@
 
 class EffectImpl : public BnEffect, public EffectWorker {
   public:
-    EffectImpl() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
-    ~EffectImpl() {
-        cleanUp();
-        LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
-    }
+    EffectImpl() = default;
+    virtual ~EffectImpl() = default;
 
     /**
      * Each effect implementation CAN override these methods if necessary
@@ -78,9 +75,9 @@
     State mState GUARDED_BY(mMutex) = State::INIT;
 
     IEffect::Status status(binder_status_t status, size_t consumed, size_t produced);
+    void cleanUp();
 
   private:
-    void cleanUp();
     std::shared_ptr<EffectContext> mContext GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
 };
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/effect-impl/EffectUUID.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/effect-impl/EffectUUID.h
index 184a587..7709eab 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/effect-impl/EffectUUID.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/effect-impl/EffectUUID.h
@@ -23,150 +23,160 @@
 
 using ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
-// Null UUID
-static const AudioUuid EffectNullUuid = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xec7178ec),
-                                         0xe5e1,
-                                         0x4432,
-                                         0xa3f4,
-                                         {0x46, 0x57, 0xe6, 0x79, 0x52, 0x10}};
-
+// ec7178ec-e5e1-4432-a3f4-4657e6795210
+static const AudioUuid kEffectNullUuid = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xec7178ec),
+                                          0xe5e1,
+                                          0x4432,
+                                          0xa3f4,
+                                          {0x46, 0x57, 0xe6, 0x79, 0x52, 0x10}};
 // Zero UUID
-static const AudioUuid EffectZeroUuid = {
+static const AudioUuid kEffectZeroUuid = {
         static_cast<int32_t>(0x0), 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, {0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0}};
 
-// Equalizer type UUID.
-static const AudioUuid EqualizerTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0x0bed4300),
-                                            0xddd6,
-                                            0x11db,
-                                            0x8f34,
-                                            {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b}};
-
-// 0bed4300-847d-11df-bb17-0002a5d5c51b
-static const AudioUuid EqualizerSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0x0bed4300),
-                                              0x847d,
-                                              0x11df,
-                                              0xbb17,
-                                              {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b}};
-
-// ce772f20-847d-11df-bb17-0002a5d5c51b
-static const AudioUuid EqualizerBundleImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xce772f20),
-                                                  0x847d,
-                                                  0x11df,
-                                                  0xbb17,
-                                                  {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b}};
-
-// fa8184a4-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid BassBoostTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa8184a4),
-                                            0x588b,
-                                            0x11ed,
-                                            0x9b6a,
-                                            {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
+// 0634f220-ddd4-11db-a0fc-0002a5d5c51b
+static const AudioUuid kBassBoostTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0x0634f220),
+                                             0xddd4,
+                                             0x11db,
+                                             0xa0fc,
+                                             {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b}};
 // fa8181f2-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid BassBoostSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa8181f2),
-                                              0x588b,
-                                              0x11ed,
-                                              0x9b6a,
-                                              {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-// fa81862a-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid DownmixTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa81862a),
-                                          0x588b,
-                                          0x11ed,
-                                          0x9b6a,
-                                          {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-// fa8187ba-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid DownmixSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa8187ba),
-                                            0x588b,
-                                            0x11ed,
-                                            0x9b6a,
-                                            {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-// fa818954-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid DynamicsProcessingTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa818954),
-                                                     0x588b,
-                                                     0x11ed,
-                                                     0x9b6a,
-                                                     {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-// fa818d78-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid DynamicsProcessingSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa818d78),
-                                                       0x588b,
-                                                       0x11ed,
-                                                       0x9b6a,
-                                                       {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-// fa818f62-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid HapticGeneratorTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa818f62),
-                                                  0x588b,
-                                                  0x11ed,
-                                                  0x9b6a,
-                                                  {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-// fa819110-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid HapticGeneratorSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa819110),
-                                                    0x588b,
-                                                    0x11ed,
-                                                    0x9b6a,
-                                                    {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-
-// fa8194a8-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid LoudnessEnhancerTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa8194a8),
-                                                   0x588b,
-                                                   0x11ed,
-                                                   0x9b6a,
-                                                   {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-// fa819610-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid LoudnessEnhancerSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa819610),
-                                                     0x588b,
-                                                     0x11ed,
-                                                     0x9b6a,
-                                                     {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-// fa819886-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid ReverbTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa819886),
-                                         0x588b,
-                                         0x11ed,
-                                         0x9b6a,
-                                         {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-// fa8199c6-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid ReverbSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa8199c6),
-                                           0x588b,
-                                           0x11ed,
-                                           0x9b6a,
-                                           {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-
-// fa819af2-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid VirtualizerTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa819af2),
-                                              0x588b,
-                                              0x11ed,
-                                              0x9b6a,
-                                              {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-// fa819d86-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid VirtualizerSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa819d86),
-                                                0x588b,
-                                                0x11ed,
-                                                0x9b6a,
-                                                {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-
-// fa819f3e-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid VisualizerTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa819f3e),
-                                             0x588b,
-                                             0x11ed,
-                                             0x9b6a,
-                                             {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-// fa81a0f6-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid VisualizerSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa81a0f6),
+static const AudioUuid kBassBoostSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa8181f2),
                                                0x588b,
                                                0x11ed,
                                                0x9b6a,
                                                {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-
-// fa81a2b8-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid VolumeTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa81a2b8),
-                                         0x588b,
-                                         0x11ed,
-                                         0x9b6a,
-                                         {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
-// fa81a718-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
-static const AudioUuid VolumeSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa81a718),
+// fa81862a-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
+static const AudioUuid kDownmixTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa81862a),
                                            0x588b,
                                            0x11ed,
                                            0x9b6a,
                                            {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
+// fa8187ba-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
+static const AudioUuid kDownmixSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa8187ba),
+                                             0x588b,
+                                             0x11ed,
+                                             0x9b6a,
+                                             {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
+// 0bed4300-ddd6-11db-8f34-0002a5d5c51b.
+static const AudioUuid kEqualizerTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0x0bed4300),
+                                             0xddd6,
+                                             0x11db,
+                                             0x8f34,
+                                             {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b}};
+// 0bed4300-847d-11df-bb17-0002a5d5c51b
+static const AudioUuid kEqualizerSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0x0bed4300),
+                                               0x847d,
+                                               0x11df,
+                                               0xbb17,
+                                               {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b}};
+// ce772f20-847d-11df-bb17-0002a5d5c51b
+static const AudioUuid kEqualizerBundleImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xce772f20),
+                                                   0x847d,
+                                                   0x11df,
+                                                   0xbb17,
+                                                   {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b}};
+// c8e70ecd-48ca-456e-8a4f-0002a5d5c51b
+static const AudioUuid kEqualizerProxyUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xc8e70ecd),
+                                              0x48ca,
+                                              0x456e,
+                                              0x8a4f,
+                                              {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b}};
+// 7261676f-6d75-7369-6364-28e2fd3ac39e
+static const AudioUuid kDynamicsProcessingTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0x7261676f),
+                                                      0x6d75,
+                                                      0x7369,
+                                                      0x6364,
+                                                      {0x28, 0xe2, 0xfd, 0x3a, 0xc3, 0x9e}};
+// fa818d78-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
+static const AudioUuid kDynamicsProcessingSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa818d78),
+                                                        0x588b,
+                                                        0x11ed,
+                                                        0x9b6a,
+                                                        {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
+// 1411e6d6-aecd-4021-a1cf-a6aceb0d71e5
+static const AudioUuid kHapticGeneratorTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0x1411e6d6),
+                                                   0xaecd,
+                                                   0x4021,
+                                                   0xa1cf,
+                                                   {0xa6, 0xac, 0xeb, 0x0d, 0x71, 0xe5}};
+// fa819110-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
+static const AudioUuid kHapticGeneratorSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa819110),
+                                                     0x588b,
+                                                     0x11ed,
+                                                     0x9b6a,
+                                                     {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
+// fe3199be-aed0-413f-87bb-11260eb63cf1
+static const AudioUuid kLoudnessEnhancerTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfe3199be),
+                                                    0xaed0,
+                                                    0x413f,
+                                                    0x87bb,
+                                                    {0x11, 0x26, 0x0e, 0xb6, 0x3c, 0xf1}};
+// fa819610-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
+static const AudioUuid kLoudnessEnhancerSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa819610),
+                                                      0x588b,
+                                                      0x11ed,
+                                                      0x9b6a,
+                                                      {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
+// c2e5d5f0-94bd-4763-9cac-4e234d06839e
+static const AudioUuid kEnvReverbTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xc2e5d5f0),
+                                             0x94bd,
+                                             0x4763,
+                                             0x9cac,
+                                             {0x4e, 0x23, 0x4d, 0x06, 0x83, 0x9e}};
+// fa819886-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
+static const AudioUuid kEnvReverbSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa819886),
+                                               0x588b,
+                                               0x11ed,
+                                               0x9b6a,
+                                               {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
+// 47382d60-ddd8-11db-bf3a-0002a5d5c51b
+static const AudioUuid kPresetReverbTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0x47382d60),
+                                                0xddd8,
+                                                0x11db,
+                                                0xbf3a,
+                                                {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b}};
+// fa8199c6-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
+static const AudioUuid kPresetReverbSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa8199c6),
+                                                  0x588b,
+                                                  0x11ed,
+                                                  0x9b6a,
+                                                  {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
+// 37cc2c00-dddd-11db-8577-0002a5d5c51b
+static const AudioUuid kVirtualizerTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0x37cc2c00),
+                                               0xdddd,
+                                               0x11db,
+                                               0x8577,
+                                               {0x00, 0x02, 0xa5, 0xd5, 0xc5, 0x1b}};
+// fa819d86-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
+static const AudioUuid kVirtualizerSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa819d86),
+                                                 0x588b,
+                                                 0x11ed,
+                                                 0x9b6a,
+                                                 {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
+// fa819f3e-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
+static const AudioUuid kVisualizerTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa819f3e),
+                                              0x588b,
+                                              0x11ed,
+                                              0x9b6a,
+                                              {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
+// fa81a0f6-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
+static const AudioUuid kVisualizerSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa81a0f6),
+                                                0x588b,
+                                                0x11ed,
+                                                0x9b6a,
+                                                {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
+// fa81a2b8-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
+static const AudioUuid kVolumeTypeUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa81a2b8),
+                                          0x588b,
+                                          0x11ed,
+                                          0x9b6a,
+                                          {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
+// fa81a718-588b-11ed-9b6a-0242ac120002
+static const AudioUuid kVolumeSwImplUUID = {static_cast<int32_t>(0xfa81a718),
+                                            0x588b,
+                                            0x11ed,
+                                            0x9b6a,
+                                            {0x02, 0x42, 0xac, 0x12, 0x00, 0x02}};
 
 /**
  * @brief A map between effect name and effect type UUID.
@@ -174,20 +184,21 @@
  * We need this map is because existing audio_effects.xml don't have a type UUID defined.
  */
 static const std::map<const std::string /* effect type */, const AudioUuid&> kUuidNameTypeMap = {
-        {"bassboost", BassBoostTypeUUID},
-        {"downmix", DownmixTypeUUID},
-        {"dynamics_processing", DynamicsProcessingTypeUUID},
-        {"equalizer", EqualizerTypeUUID},
-        {"haptic_generator", HapticGeneratorTypeUUID},
-        {"loudness_enhancer", LoudnessEnhancerTypeUUID},
-        {"reverb", ReverbTypeUUID},
-        {"reverb_env_aux", ReverbTypeUUID},
-        {"reverb_env_ins", ReverbTypeUUID},
-        {"reverb_pre_aux", ReverbTypeUUID},
-        {"reverb_pre_ins", ReverbTypeUUID},
-        {"virtualizer", VirtualizerTypeUUID},
-        {"visualizer", VisualizerTypeUUID},
-        {"volume", VolumeTypeUUID},
+        {"bassboost", kBassBoostTypeUUID},
+        {"downmix", kDownmixTypeUUID},
+        {"dynamics_processing", kDynamicsProcessingTypeUUID},
+        {"equalizer", kEqualizerTypeUUID},
+        {"haptic_generator", kHapticGeneratorTypeUUID},
+        {"loudness_enhancer", kLoudnessEnhancerTypeUUID},
+        {"env_reverb", kEnvReverbTypeUUID},
+        {"preset_reverb", kPresetReverbTypeUUID},
+        {"reverb_env_aux", kEnvReverbTypeUUID},
+        {"reverb_env_ins", kEnvReverbTypeUUID},
+        {"reverb_pre_aux", kPresetReverbTypeUUID},
+        {"reverb_pre_ins", kPresetReverbTypeUUID},
+        {"virtualizer", kVirtualizerTypeUUID},
+        {"visualizer", kVisualizerTypeUUID},
+        {"volume", kVolumeTypeUUID},
 };
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/effect-impl/EffectWorker.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/effect-impl/EffectWorker.h
index a297937..6a78eab 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/effect-impl/EffectWorker.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/effect-impl/EffectWorker.h
@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@
     }
 
     // must implement by each effect implementation
+    // TODO: consider if this interface need adjustment to handle in-place processing
     virtual IEffect::Status effectProcessImpl(float* in, float* out, int processSamples) = 0;
 
   private:
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/loudnessEnhancer/LoudnessEnhancerSw.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/loudnessEnhancer/LoudnessEnhancerSw.cpp
index 51645c7..9d2b978 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/loudnessEnhancer/LoudnessEnhancerSw.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/loudnessEnhancer/LoudnessEnhancerSw.cpp
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@
 #include "LoudnessEnhancerSw.h"
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kLoudnessEnhancerSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::LoudnessEnhancerSw;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::LoudnessEnhancerSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
 extern "C" binder_exception_t createEffect(const AudioUuid* in_impl_uuid,
                                            std::shared_ptr<IEffect>* instanceSpp) {
-    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != LoudnessEnhancerSwImplUUID) {
+    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != kLoudnessEnhancerSwImplUUID) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << "uuid not supported";
         return EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
     }
@@ -76,16 +76,60 @@
     std::lock_guard lg(mMutex);
     RETURN_IF(!mContext, EX_NULL_POINTER, "nullContext");
 
-    mSpecificParam = specific.get<Parameter::Specific::loudnessEnhancer>();
-    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " success with: " << specific.toString();
-    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    auto& leParam = specific.get<Parameter::Specific::loudnessEnhancer>();
+    auto tag = leParam.getTag();
+
+    switch (tag) {
+        case LoudnessEnhancer::gainMb: {
+            RETURN_IF(mContext->setLeGainMb(leParam.get<LoudnessEnhancer::gainMb>()) !=
+                              RetCode::SUCCESS,
+                      EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, "setGainMbFailed");
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+        }
+        default: {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << " unsupported tag: " << toString(tag);
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCodeWithMessage(
+                    EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, "LoudnessEnhancerTagNotSupported");
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus LoudnessEnhancerSw::getParameterSpecific(const Parameter::Id& id,
                                                             Parameter::Specific* specific) {
     auto tag = id.getTag();
     RETURN_IF(Parameter::Id::loudnessEnhancerTag != tag, EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, "wrongIdTag");
-    specific->set<Parameter::Specific::loudnessEnhancer>(mSpecificParam);
+    auto leId = id.get<Parameter::Id::loudnessEnhancerTag>();
+    auto leIdTag = leId.getTag();
+    switch (leIdTag) {
+        case LoudnessEnhancer::Id::commonTag:
+            return getParameterLoudnessEnhancer(leId.get<LoudnessEnhancer::Id::commonTag>(),
+                                                specific);
+        default:
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << " unsupported tag: " << toString(leIdTag);
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCodeWithMessage(
+                    EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, "LoudnessEnhancerTagNotSupported");
+    }
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus LoudnessEnhancerSw::getParameterLoudnessEnhancer(
+        const LoudnessEnhancer::Tag& tag, Parameter::Specific* specific) {
+    std::lock_guard lg(mMutex);
+    RETURN_IF(!mContext, EX_NULL_POINTER, "nullContext");
+
+    LoudnessEnhancer leParam;
+    switch (tag) {
+        case LoudnessEnhancer::gainMb: {
+            leParam.set<LoudnessEnhancer::gainMb>(mContext->getLeGainMb());
+            break;
+        }
+        default: {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << " unsupported tag: " << toString(tag);
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCodeWithMessage(
+                    EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, "LoudnessEnhancerTagNotSupported");
+        }
+    }
+
+    specific->set<Parameter::Specific::loudnessEnhancer>(leParam);
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/loudnessEnhancer/LoudnessEnhancerSw.h b/audio/aidl/default/loudnessEnhancer/LoudnessEnhancerSw.h
index c0de9c1..856bf0b 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/loudnessEnhancer/LoudnessEnhancerSw.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/loudnessEnhancer/LoudnessEnhancerSw.h
@@ -32,15 +32,24 @@
         : EffectContext(statusDepth, common) {
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
     }
-    // TODO: add specific context here
+
+    RetCode setLeGainMb(int gainMb) {
+        // TODO : Add implementation to apply new gain
+        mGainMb = gainMb;
+        return RetCode::SUCCESS;
+    }
+    int getLeGainMb() const { return mGainMb; }
+
+  private:
+    int mGainMb = 0;  // Default Gain
 };
 
 class LoudnessEnhancerSw final : public EffectImpl {
   public:
     LoudnessEnhancerSw() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
     ~LoudnessEnhancerSw() {
+        cleanUp();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
-        releaseContext();
     }
 
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) override;
@@ -57,16 +66,17 @@
     const LoudnessEnhancer::Capability kCapability;
     /* Effect descriptor */
     const Descriptor kDescriptor = {
-            .common = {.id = {.type = LoudnessEnhancerTypeUUID,
-                              .uuid = LoudnessEnhancerSwImplUUID,
+            .common = {.id = {.type = kLoudnessEnhancerTypeUUID,
+                              .uuid = kLoudnessEnhancerSwImplUUID,
                               .proxy = std::nullopt},
                        .flags = {.type = Flags::Type::INSERT,
                                  .insert = Flags::Insert::FIRST,
                                  .volume = Flags::Volume::CTRL},
-                       .name = "LoudnessEnhancerSw"},
+                       .name = "LoudnessEnhancerSw",
+                       .implementor = "The Android Open Source Project"},
             .capability = Capability::make<Capability::loudnessEnhancer>(kCapability)};
 
-    /* parameters */
-    LoudnessEnhancer mSpecificParam;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getParameterLoudnessEnhancer(const LoudnessEnhancer::Tag& tag,
+                                                    Parameter::Specific* specific);
 };
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/Android.bp b/audio/aidl/default/presetReverb/Android.bp
similarity index 95%
rename from audio/aidl/default/reverb/Android.bp
rename to audio/aidl/default/presetReverb/Android.bp
index 955038c..4148511 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/presetReverb/Android.bp
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@
 }
 
 cc_library_shared {
-    name: "libreverbsw",
+    name: "libpresetreverbsw",
     defaults: [
         "aidlaudioeffectservice_defaults",
         "latest_android_media_audio_common_types_ndk_shared",
         "latest_android_hardware_audio_effect_ndk_shared",
     ],
     srcs: [
-        "ReverbSw.cpp",
+        "PresetReverbSw.cpp",
         ":effectCommonFile",
     ],
     visibility: [
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/ReverbSw.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/presetReverb/PresetReverbSw.cpp
similarity index 77%
rename from audio/aidl/default/reverb/ReverbSw.cpp
rename to audio/aidl/default/presetReverb/PresetReverbSw.cpp
index 639f1a2..069d0ff 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/ReverbSw.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/presetReverb/PresetReverbSw.cpp
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <cstddef>
-#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_ReverbSw"
+#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_PresetReverbSw"
 #include <Utils.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <unordered_set>
@@ -23,22 +23,22 @@
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <fmq/AidlMessageQueue.h>
 
-#include "ReverbSw.h"
+#include "PresetReverbSw.h"
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::ReverbSw;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::ReverbSwImplUUID;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kPresetReverbSwImplUUID;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::PresetReverbSw;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
 extern "C" binder_exception_t createEffect(const AudioUuid* in_impl_uuid,
                                            std::shared_ptr<IEffect>* instanceSpp) {
-    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != ReverbSwImplUUID) {
+    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != kPresetReverbSwImplUUID) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << "uuid not supported";
         return EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
     }
     if (instanceSpp) {
-        *instanceSpp = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<ReverbSw>();
+        *instanceSpp = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<PresetReverbSw>();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " instance " << instanceSpp->get() << " created";
         return EX_NONE;
     } else {
@@ -64,13 +64,13 @@
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect {
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus ReverbSw::getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) {
+ndk::ScopedAStatus PresetReverbSw::getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << kDescriptor.toString();
     *_aidl_return = kDescriptor;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus ReverbSw::setParameterSpecific(const Parameter::Specific& specific) {
+ndk::ScopedAStatus PresetReverbSw::setParameterSpecific(const Parameter::Specific& specific) {
     RETURN_IF(Parameter::Specific::reverb != specific.getTag(), EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
               "EffectNotSupported");
     std::lock_guard lg(mMutex);
@@ -81,24 +81,24 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus ReverbSw::getParameterSpecific(const Parameter::Id& id,
-                                                  Parameter::Specific* specific) {
+ndk::ScopedAStatus PresetReverbSw::getParameterSpecific(const Parameter::Id& id,
+                                                        Parameter::Specific* specific) {
     auto tag = id.getTag();
     RETURN_IF(Parameter::Id::reverbTag != tag, EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, "wrongIdTag");
     specific->set<Parameter::Specific::reverb>(mSpecificParam);
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
-std::shared_ptr<EffectContext> ReverbSw::createContext(const Parameter::Common& common) {
+std::shared_ptr<EffectContext> PresetReverbSw::createContext(const Parameter::Common& common) {
     if (mContext) {
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " context already exist";
         return mContext;
     }
-    mContext = std::make_shared<ReverbSwContext>(1 /* statusFmqDepth */, common);
+    mContext = std::make_shared<PresetReverbSwContext>(1 /* statusFmqDepth */, common);
     return mContext;
 }
 
-RetCode ReverbSw::releaseContext() {
+RetCode PresetReverbSw::releaseContext() {
     if (mContext) {
         mContext.reset();
     }
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
 }
 
 // Processing method running in EffectWorker thread.
-IEffect::Status ReverbSw::effectProcessImpl(float* in, float* out, int process) {
+IEffect::Status PresetReverbSw::effectProcessImpl(float* in, float* out, int process) {
     // TODO: get data buffer and process.
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " in " << in << " out " << out << " process " << process;
     for (int i = 0; i < process; i++) {
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/ReverbSw.h b/audio/aidl/default/presetReverb/PresetReverbSw.h
similarity index 78%
copy from audio/aidl/default/reverb/ReverbSw.h
copy to audio/aidl/default/presetReverb/PresetReverbSw.h
index e00956f..75a5a94 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/ReverbSw.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/presetReverb/PresetReverbSw.h
@@ -26,21 +26,21 @@
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect {
 
-class ReverbSwContext final : public EffectContext {
+class PresetReverbSwContext final : public EffectContext {
   public:
-    ReverbSwContext(int statusDepth, const Parameter::Common& common)
+    PresetReverbSwContext(int statusDepth, const Parameter::Common& common)
         : EffectContext(statusDepth, common) {
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
     }
     // TODO: add specific context here
 };
 
-class ReverbSw final : public EffectImpl {
+class PresetReverbSw final : public EffectImpl {
   public:
-    ReverbSw() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
-    ~ReverbSw() {
+    PresetReverbSw() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
+    ~PresetReverbSw() {
+        cleanUp();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
-        releaseContext();
     }
 
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) override;
@@ -52,18 +52,19 @@
     RetCode releaseContext() override;
 
   private:
-    std::shared_ptr<ReverbSwContext> mContext;
+    std::shared_ptr<PresetReverbSwContext> mContext;
     /* capabilities */
     const Reverb::Capability kCapability;
     /* Effect descriptor */
     const Descriptor kDescriptor = {
-            .common = {.id = {.type = ReverbTypeUUID,
-                              .uuid = ReverbSwImplUUID,
+            .common = {.id = {.type = kPresetReverbTypeUUID,
+                              .uuid = kPresetReverbSwImplUUID,
                               .proxy = std::nullopt},
                        .flags = {.type = Flags::Type::INSERT,
                                  .insert = Flags::Insert::FIRST,
                                  .volume = Flags::Volume::CTRL},
-                       .name = "ReverbSw"},
+                       .name = "PresetReverbSw",
+                       .implementor = "The Android Open Source Project"},
             .capability = Capability::make<Capability::reverb>(kCapability)};
 
     /* parameters */
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/virtualizer/VirtualizerSw.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/virtualizer/VirtualizerSw.cpp
index ccb7b4b..9688fc8 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/virtualizer/VirtualizerSw.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/virtualizer/VirtualizerSw.cpp
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@
 #include "VirtualizerSw.h"
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kVirtualizerSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::VirtualizerSw;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::VirtualizerSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
 extern "C" binder_exception_t createEffect(const AudioUuid* in_impl_uuid,
                                            std::shared_ptr<IEffect>* instanceSpp) {
-    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != VirtualizerSwImplUUID) {
+    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != kVirtualizerSwImplUUID) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << "uuid not supported";
         return EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
     }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/virtualizer/VirtualizerSw.h b/audio/aidl/default/virtualizer/VirtualizerSw.h
index da1998b..e4de8b3 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/virtualizer/VirtualizerSw.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/virtualizer/VirtualizerSw.h
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@
   public:
     VirtualizerSw() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
     ~VirtualizerSw() {
+        cleanUp();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
-        releaseContext();
     }
 
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) override;
@@ -57,13 +57,14 @@
     const Virtualizer::Capability kCapability;
     /* Effect descriptor */
     const Descriptor kDescriptor = {
-            .common = {.id = {.type = VirtualizerTypeUUID,
-                              .uuid = VirtualizerSwImplUUID,
+            .common = {.id = {.type = kVirtualizerTypeUUID,
+                              .uuid = kVirtualizerSwImplUUID,
                               .proxy = std::nullopt},
                        .flags = {.type = Flags::Type::INSERT,
                                  .insert = Flags::Insert::FIRST,
                                  .volume = Flags::Volume::CTRL},
-                       .name = "VirtualizerSw"},
+                       .name = "VirtualizerSw",
+                       .implementor = "The Android Open Source Project"},
             .capability = Capability::make<Capability::virtualizer>(kCapability)};
 
     /* parameters */
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/visualizer/VisualizerSw.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/visualizer/VisualizerSw.cpp
index 5a24f18..24a7bef 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/visualizer/VisualizerSw.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/visualizer/VisualizerSw.cpp
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@
 #include "VisualizerSw.h"
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kVisualizerSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::VisualizerSw;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::VisualizerSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
 extern "C" binder_exception_t createEffect(const AudioUuid* in_impl_uuid,
                                            std::shared_ptr<IEffect>* instanceSpp) {
-    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != VisualizerSwImplUUID) {
+    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != kVisualizerSwImplUUID) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << "uuid not supported";
         return EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
     }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/visualizer/VisualizerSw.h b/audio/aidl/default/visualizer/VisualizerSw.h
index 21101dd..bccd6e9 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/visualizer/VisualizerSw.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/visualizer/VisualizerSw.h
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@
   public:
     VisualizerSw() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
     ~VisualizerSw() {
+        cleanUp();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
-        releaseContext();
     }
 
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) override;
@@ -57,13 +57,14 @@
     const Visualizer::Capability kCapability;
     /* Effect descriptor */
     const Descriptor kDescriptor = {
-            .common = {.id = {.type = VisualizerTypeUUID,
-                              .uuid = VisualizerSwImplUUID,
+            .common = {.id = {.type = kVisualizerTypeUUID,
+                              .uuid = kVisualizerSwImplUUID,
                               .proxy = std::nullopt},
                        .flags = {.type = Flags::Type::INSERT,
                                  .insert = Flags::Insert::FIRST,
                                  .volume = Flags::Volume::CTRL},
-                       .name = "VisualizerSw"},
+                       .name = "VisualizerSw",
+                       .implementor = "The Android Open Source Project"},
             .capability = Capability::make<Capability::visualizer>(kCapability)};
 
     /* parameters */
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/volume/VolumeSw.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/volume/VolumeSw.cpp
index e2f42d7..b8af921 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/volume/VolumeSw.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/volume/VolumeSw.cpp
@@ -26,14 +26,14 @@
 #include "VolumeSw.h"
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kVolumeSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::VolumeSw;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::VolumeSwImplUUID;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
 extern "C" binder_exception_t createEffect(const AudioUuid* in_impl_uuid,
                                            std::shared_ptr<IEffect>* instanceSpp) {
-    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != VolumeSwImplUUID) {
+    if (!in_impl_uuid || *in_impl_uuid != kVolumeSwImplUUID) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << "uuid not supported";
         return EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
     }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/volume/VolumeSw.h b/audio/aidl/default/volume/VolumeSw.h
index e46c864..86e01c1 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/volume/VolumeSw.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/volume/VolumeSw.h
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@
   public:
     VolumeSw() { LOG(DEBUG) << __func__; }
     ~VolumeSw() {
+        cleanUp();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
-        releaseContext();
     }
 
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getDescriptor(Descriptor* _aidl_return) override;
@@ -57,13 +57,14 @@
     const Volume::Capability kCapability;
     /* Effect descriptor */
     const Descriptor kDescriptor = {
-            .common = {.id = {.type = VolumeTypeUUID,
-                              .uuid = VolumeSwImplUUID,
+            .common = {.id = {.type = kVolumeTypeUUID,
+                              .uuid = kVolumeSwImplUUID,
                               .proxy = std::nullopt},
                        .flags = {.type = Flags::Type::INSERT,
                                  .insert = Flags::Insert::FIRST,
                                  .volume = Flags::Volume::CTRL},
-                       .name = "VolumeSw"},
+                       .name = "VolumeSw",
+                       .implementor = "The Android Open Source Project"},
             .capability = Capability::make<Capability::volume>(kCapability)};
 
     /* parameters */
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp b/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp
index 8de1d79..03e9fca 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp
@@ -7,136 +7,72 @@
     default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
 }
 
-cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest",
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "VtsHalAudioTargetTestDefaults",
     defaults: [
-        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
-        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
         "latest_android_hardware_audio_common_ndk_static",
-        "latest_android_hardware_audio_core_ndk_static",
         "latest_android_media_audio_common_types_ndk_static",
+        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbinder_ndk",
-        "libcutils",
         "libfmq",
     ],
     static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.audio.effect-V1-ndk",
         "android.hardware.common-V2-ndk",
         "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1-ndk",
         "libaudioaidlcommon",
     ],
+    header_libs: ["libaudioaidl_headers"],
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
         "-Werror",
         "-Wthread-safety",
     ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest",
+    defaults: [
+        "VtsHalAudioTargetTestDefaults",
+        "latest_android_hardware_audio_core_ndk_static",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libcutils",
+    ],
     srcs: [
         "ModuleConfig.cpp",
         "VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.cpp",
     ],
-    test_suites: [
-        "general-tests",
-        "vts",
-    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalAudioEffectFactoryTargetTest",
-    defaults: [
-        "latest_android_media_audio_common_types_ndk_static",
-        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
-        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
-    ],
-    srcs: [
-        "VtsHalAudioEffectFactoryTargetTest.cpp",
-    ],
-    shared_libs: [
-        "libbinder_ndk",
-    ],
-    static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.audio.effect-V1-ndk",
-        "android.hardware.common-V2-ndk",
-        "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1-ndk",
-    ],
-    header_libs: ["libaudioaidl_headers"],
-    cflags: [
-        "-Wall",
-        "-Wextra",
-        "-Werror",
-        "-Wthread-safety",
-    ],
-    test_suites: [
-        "general-tests",
-        "vts",
-    ],
+    defaults: ["VtsHalAudioTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalAudioEffectFactoryTargetTest.cpp"],
 }
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest",
-    defaults: [
-        "latest_android_hardware_audio_common_ndk_static",
-        "latest_android_media_audio_common_types_ndk_static",
-        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
-        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
-    ],
-    srcs: [
-        "VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp",
-    ],
-    shared_libs: [
-        "libbinder_ndk",
-        "libfmq",
-    ],
-    static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.audio.effect-V1-ndk",
-        "android.hardware.common-V2-ndk",
-        "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1-ndk",
-        "libaudioaidlcommon",
-    ],
-    header_libs: ["libaudioaidl_headers"],
-    cflags: [
-        "-Wall",
-        "-Wextra",
-        "-Werror",
-        "-Wthread-safety",
-    ],
-    test_suites: [
-        "general-tests",
-        "vts",
-    ],
+    defaults: ["VtsHalAudioTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp"],
 }
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalEqualizerTargetTest",
-    defaults: [
-        "latest_android_hardware_audio_common_ndk_static",
-        "latest_android_media_audio_common_types_ndk_static",
-        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
-        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
-    ],
-    srcs: [
-        "VtsHalEqualizerTargetTest.cpp",
-    ],
-    shared_libs: [
-        "libbinder_ndk",
-        "libfmq",
-    ],
-    static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.audio.effect-V1-ndk",
-        "android.hardware.common-V2-ndk",
-        "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1-ndk",
-        "libaudioaidlcommon",
-    ],
-    header_libs: ["libaudioaidl_headers"],
-    cflags: [
-        "-Wall",
-        "-Wextra",
-        "-Werror",
-        "-Wthread-safety",
-    ],
-    test_suites: [
-        "general-tests",
-        "vts",
-    ],
+    defaults: ["VtsHalAudioTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalEqualizerTargetTest.cpp"],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalLoudnessEnhancerTargetTest",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalAudioTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalLoudnessEnhancerTargetTest.cpp"],
 }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/EffectFactoryHelper.h b/audio/aidl/vts/EffectFactoryHelper.h
index d58fcf2..dc766dd 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/EffectFactoryHelper.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/EffectFactoryHelper.h
@@ -29,10 +29,7 @@
 using namespace android;
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::EffectNullUuid;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Processing;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
 class EffectFactoryHelper {
@@ -48,122 +45,36 @@
         ASSERT_NE(mEffectFactory, nullptr);
         mEffectFactory = IFactory::fromBinder(binderUtil.restartService());
         ASSERT_NE(mEffectFactory, nullptr);
-        ClearEffectMap();
     }
 
-    void QueryEffects(const std::optional<AudioUuid>& in_type,
-                      const std::optional<AudioUuid>& in_instance,
-                      const std::optional<AudioUuid>& in_proxy,
-                      std::vector<Descriptor::Identity>* _aidl_return) {
-        ASSERT_NE(mEffectFactory, nullptr);
-        EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(in_type, in_instance, in_proxy, _aidl_return));
-        mIds = *_aidl_return;
-    }
+    std::shared_ptr<IFactory> GetFactory() const { return mEffectFactory; }
 
-    void QueryProcessing(const std::optional<Processing::Type>& in_type,
-                         std::vector<Processing>* _aidl_return) {
-        ASSERT_NE(mEffectFactory, nullptr);
-        EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryProcessing(in_type, _aidl_return));
-        // only update the whole list if no filter applied
-        if (!in_type.has_value()) {
-            mProcesses = *_aidl_return;
-        }
-    }
+    static std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor::Identity>>
+    getAllEffectDescriptors(std::string serviceName, std::optional<AudioUuid> type = std::nullopt) {
+        AudioHalBinderServiceUtil util;
+        auto names = android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(serviceName);
+        std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor::Identity>> result;
 
-    void CreateEffects() {
-        for (const auto& id : mIds) {
-            std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
-            EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->createEffect(id.uuid, &effect));
-            EXPECT_NE(effect, nullptr) << id.toString();
-            if (effect) {
-                mEffectIdMap[effect] = id;
+        for (const auto& name : names) {
+            auto factory = IFactory::fromBinder(util.connectToService(name));
+            if (factory) {
+                if (std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids;
+                    factory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &ids).isOk()) {
+                    for (const auto& id : ids) {
+                        if (type.has_value() && id.type != type.value()) {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        result.emplace_back(factory, id);
+                    }
+                }
             }
         }
-    }
 
-    void QueryAndCreateEffects(const AudioUuid& type = EffectNullUuid) {
-        std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids;
-        ASSERT_NE(mEffectFactory, nullptr);
-
-        if (type == EffectNullUuid) {
-            EXPECT_IS_OK(
-                    mEffectFactory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &ids));
-        } else {
-            EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(type, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &ids));
-        }
-        for (const auto& id : ids) {
-            ASSERT_EQ(id.type, type);
-            std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
-            EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->createEffect(id.uuid, &effect));
-            EXPECT_NE(effect, nullptr) << id.toString();
-            if (effect) {
-                mEffectIdMap[effect] = id;
-            }
-        }
+        return result;
     }
 
-    void CreateEffectsAndExpect(
-            const std::vector<std::pair<Descriptor::Identity, binder_exception_t>>& uuid_status) {
-        ASSERT_NE(mEffectFactory, nullptr);
-        for (const auto& it : uuid_status) {
-            std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
-            auto status = mEffectFactory->createEffect(it.first.uuid, &effect);
-            EXPECT_STATUS(it.second, status);
-            if (effect) {
-                mEffectIdMap[effect] = it.first;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    void DestroyEffectAndExpect(std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& instance, binder_exception_t exception) {
-        ASSERT_NE(mEffectFactory, nullptr);
-        auto status = mEffectFactory->destroyEffect(instance);
-        EXPECT_STATUS(exception, status);
-    }
-
-    void QueryAndCreateAllEffects() {
-        ASSERT_NE(mEffectFactory, nullptr);
-        EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt,
-                                                  &mCompleteIds));
-        for (const auto& id : mCompleteIds) {
-            std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
-            EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->createEffect(id.uuid, &effect));
-            EXPECT_NE(effect, nullptr) << id.toString();
-            mEffectIdMap[effect] = id;
-        }
-    }
-
-    void DestroyEffects(const binder_exception_t expected = EX_NONE, const int remaining = 0) {
-        ASSERT_NE(mEffectFactory, nullptr);
-
-        for (auto it = mEffectIdMap.begin(); it != mEffectIdMap.end();) {
-            auto erased = it++;
-            auto status = mEffectFactory->destroyEffect(erased->first);
-            EXPECT_STATUS(expected, status);
-            if (status.isOk()) {
-                mEffectIdMap.erase(erased);
-            }
-        }
-        EXPECT_EQ((unsigned int)remaining, mEffectIdMap.size());
-    }
-
-    std::shared_ptr<IFactory> GetFactory() { return mEffectFactory; }
-    const std::vector<Descriptor::Identity>& GetEffectIds() { return mIds; }
-    const std::vector<Descriptor::Identity>& GetCompleteEffectIdList() const {
-        return mCompleteIds;
-    }
-    const std::map<std::shared_ptr<IEffect>, Descriptor::Identity>& GetEffectMap() const {
-        return mEffectIdMap;
-    }
-    void ClearEffectMap() { mEffectIdMap.clear(); }
-
   private:
     std::shared_ptr<IFactory> mEffectFactory;
     std::string mServiceName;
     AudioHalBinderServiceUtil binderUtil;
-    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> mIds;
-    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> mCompleteIds;
-    std::vector<Processing> mProcesses;
-
-    std::map<std::shared_ptr<IEffect>, Descriptor::Identity> mEffectIdMap;
 };
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/EffectHelper.h b/audio/aidl/vts/EffectHelper.h
index 623ac37..73a1f49 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/EffectHelper.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/EffectHelper.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <algorithm>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
@@ -24,7 +25,6 @@
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/effect/IEffect.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/effect/IFactory.h>
 #include <aidl/android/media/audio/common/AudioChannelLayout.h>
-#include <aidl/android/media/audio/common/AudioDeviceType.h>
 #include <android/binder_auto_utils.h>
 #include <fmq/AidlMessageQueue.h>
 
@@ -35,275 +35,139 @@
 using namespace android;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::CommandId;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::EffectNullUuid;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::EffectZeroUuid;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Parameter;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
 using aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioChannelLayout;
-using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceType;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatDescription;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatType;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::PcmType;
 
-const AudioFormatDescription DefaultFormat = {
+const AudioFormatDescription kDefaultFormatDescription = {
         .type = AudioFormatType::PCM, .pcm = PcmType::FLOAT_32_BIT, .encoding = ""};
 
+typedef ::android::AidlMessageQueue<IEffect::Status,
+                                    ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
+        StatusMQ;
+typedef ::android::AidlMessageQueue<float,
+                                    ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
+        DataMQ;
+
 class EffectHelper {
   public:
-    explicit EffectHelper(const std::string& name) : mFactoryHelper(EffectFactoryHelper(name)) {
-        mFactoryHelper.ConnectToFactoryService();
+    static void create(std::shared_ptr<IFactory> factory, std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& effect,
+                       Descriptor::Identity id, binder_status_t status = EX_NONE) {
+        ASSERT_NE(factory, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_STATUS(status, factory->createEffect(id.uuid, &effect));
+        if (status == EX_NONE) {
+            ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr) << id.uuid.toString();
+        }
     }
 
-    void OpenEffects(const AudioUuid& type = EffectNullUuid) {
-        auto open = [&](const std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& effect) {
-            ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
-            IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
-            EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->open(mCommon, mSpecific, &ret));
-            EffectParam params;
-            params.statusMQ = std::make_unique<StatusMQ>(ret.statusMQ);
-            params.inputMQ = std::make_unique<DataMQ>(ret.inputDataMQ);
-            params.outputMQ = std::make_unique<DataMQ>(ret.outputDataMQ);
-            mEffectParams.push_back(std::move(params));
-        };
-        EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ForEachEffect(open, type));
+    static void destroy(std::shared_ptr<IFactory> factory, std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect,
+                        binder_status_t status = EX_NONE) {
+        ASSERT_NE(factory, nullptr);
+        ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_STATUS(status, factory->destroyEffect(effect));
     }
 
-    void CloseEffects(const binder_status_t status = EX_NONE) {
-        auto close = [&](const std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& effect) {
-            ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
+    static void open(std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect, const Parameter::Common& common,
+                     const std::optional<Parameter::Specific>& specific,
+                     IEffect::OpenEffectReturn* ret, binder_status_t status = EX_NONE) {
+        ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_STATUS(status, effect->open(common, specific, ret));
+    }
+
+    static void open(std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect, int session = 0,
+                     binder_status_t status = EX_NONE) {
+        ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
+        Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(session);
+        IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
+        open(effect, common, std::nullopt /* specific */, &ret, status);
+    }
+
+    static void close(std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect, binder_status_t status = EX_NONE) {
+        if (effect) {
             EXPECT_STATUS(status, effect->close());
-        };
-
-        EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ForEachEffect(close));
-    }
-
-    void CreateEffects(const int n = 1) {
-        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-            ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFactoryHelper.QueryAndCreateAllEffects());
         }
     }
-
-    void CreateEffectsWithUUID(const AudioUuid& type = EffectNullUuid) {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFactoryHelper.QueryAndCreateEffects(type));
+    static void getDescriptor(std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect, Descriptor& desc,
+                              binder_status_t status = EX_NONE) {
+        ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_STATUS(status, effect->getDescriptor(&desc));
     }
-
-    void QueryEffects() { ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFactoryHelper.QueryAndCreateAllEffects()); }
-
-    void DestroyEffects(const binder_status_t status = EX_NONE, const int remaining = 0) {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFactoryHelper.DestroyEffects(status, remaining));
-        mEffectDescriptors.clear();
+    static void expectState(std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect, State expectState,
+                            binder_status_t status = EX_NONE) {
+        ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
+        State state;
+        EXPECT_STATUS(status, effect->getState(&state));
+        EXPECT_EQ(expectState, state);
     }
-
-    void GetEffectDescriptors() {
-        auto get = [&](const std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& effect) {
-            ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
-            Descriptor desc;
-            EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-            mEffectDescriptors.push_back(std::move(desc));
-        };
-        EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ForEachEffect(get));
+    static void command(std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect, CommandId command,
+                        binder_status_t status = EX_NONE) {
+        ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
+        EXPECT_STATUS(status, effect->command(command));
     }
-
-    void CommandEffects(CommandId command) {
-        auto close = [&](const std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& effect) {
-            ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
-            EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->command(command));
-        };
-        EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ForEachEffect(close));
+    static void allocateInputData(const Parameter::Common common, std::unique_ptr<DataMQ>& mq,
+                                  std::vector<float>& buffer) {
+        ASSERT_NE(mq, nullptr);
+        auto frameSize = android::hardware::audio::common::getFrameSizeInBytes(
+                common.input.base.format, common.input.base.channelMask);
+        const size_t floatsToWrite = mq->availableToWrite();
+        EXPECT_NE(0UL, floatsToWrite);
+        EXPECT_EQ(frameSize * common.input.frameCount, floatsToWrite * sizeof(float));
+        buffer.resize(floatsToWrite);
+        std::fill(buffer.begin(), buffer.end(), 0x5a);
     }
-
-    void CommandEffectsExpectStatus(CommandId command, const binder_status_t status) {
-        auto func = [&](const std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& effect) {
-            ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
-            EXPECT_STATUS(status, effect->command(command));
-        };
-        EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ForEachEffect(func));
+    static void writeToFmq(std::unique_ptr<DataMQ>& mq, const std::vector<float>& buffer) {
+        const size_t available = mq->availableToWrite();
+        EXPECT_NE(0Ul, available);
+        auto bufferFloats = buffer.size();
+        auto floatsToWrite = std::min(available, bufferFloats);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(mq->write(buffer.data(), floatsToWrite));
     }
-
-    void ExpectState(State expected) {
-        auto get = [&](const std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& effect) {
-            ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
-            State state = State::INIT;
-            EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->getState(&state));
-            EXPECT_EQ(expected, state);
-        };
-        EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ForEachEffect(get));
-    }
-
-    void SetParameter() {
-        auto func = [&](const std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& effect) {
-            ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
-            Parameter param;
-            param.set<Parameter::common>(mCommon);
-            EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->setParameter(param));
-        };
-        EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ForEachEffect(func));
-    }
-
-    void VerifyParameters() {
-        auto func = [&](const std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& effect) {
-            ASSERT_NE(effect, nullptr);
-            Parameter paramCommonGet = Parameter(), paramCommonExpect = Parameter();
-            Parameter::Id id;
-            id.set<Parameter::Id::commonTag>(Parameter::common);
-            paramCommonExpect.set<Parameter::common>(mCommon);
-            EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->getParameter(id, &paramCommonGet));
-            EXPECT_EQ(paramCommonExpect, paramCommonGet)
-                    << paramCommonExpect.toString() << " vs " << paramCommonGet.toString();
-        };
-        EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ForEachEffect(func));
-    }
-
-    void QueryEffects(const std::optional<AudioUuid>& in_type,
-                      const std::optional<AudioUuid>& in_instance,
-                      const std::optional<AudioUuid>& in_proxy,
-                      std::vector<Descriptor::Identity>* _aidl_return) {
-        mFactoryHelper.QueryEffects(in_type, in_instance, in_proxy, _aidl_return);
-    }
-
-    template <typename Functor>
-    void ForEachEffect(Functor functor, const std::optional<AudioUuid>& type = EffectNullUuid) {
-        auto effectMap = mFactoryHelper.GetEffectMap();
-        for (const auto& it : effectMap) {
-            SCOPED_TRACE(it.second.toString());
-            if (type != EffectNullUuid && it.second.type != type) continue;
-            functor(it.first);
+    static void readFromFmq(std::unique_ptr<StatusMQ>& statusMq, size_t statusNum,
+                            std::unique_ptr<DataMQ>& dataMq, size_t expectFloats,
+                            std::vector<float>& buffer) {
+        IEffect::Status status{};
+        EXPECT_TRUE(statusMq->readBlocking(&status, statusNum));
+        EXPECT_EQ(STATUS_OK, status.status);
+        if (statusNum != 0) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(expectFloats, (unsigned)status.fmqProduced);
+            EXPECT_EQ(expectFloats, dataMq->availableToRead());
+            if (expectFloats != 0) {
+                EXPECT_TRUE(dataMq->read(buffer.data(), expectFloats));
+            }
         }
     }
+    static Parameter::Common createParamCommon(
+            int session = 0, int ioHandle = -1, int iSampleRate = 48000, int oSampleRate = 48000,
+            long iFrameCount = 0x100, long oFrameCount = 0x100,
+            AudioChannelLayout inputChannelLayout =
+                    AudioChannelLayout::make<AudioChannelLayout::layoutMask>(
+                            AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO),
+            AudioChannelLayout outputChannelLayout =
+                    AudioChannelLayout::make<AudioChannelLayout::layoutMask>(
+                            AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO)) {
+        Parameter::Common common;
+        common.session = session;
+        common.ioHandle = ioHandle;
 
-    template <typename Functor>
-    void ForEachDescriptor(Functor functor) {
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < mEffectDescriptors.size(); i++) {
-            SCOPED_TRACE(mEffectDescriptors[i].toString());
-            functor(i, mEffectDescriptors[i]);
-        }
-    }
-
-    static const size_t mWriteMQBytes = 0x400;
-
-    enum class IO : char { INPUT = 0, OUTPUT = 1, INOUT = 2 };
-
-    void initParamCommonFormat(IO io = IO::INOUT,
-                               const AudioFormatDescription& format = DefaultFormat) {
-        if (io == IO::INPUT || io == IO::INOUT) {
-            mCommon.input.base.format = format;
-        }
-        if (io == IO::OUTPUT || io == IO::INOUT) {
-            mCommon.output.base.format = format;
-        }
-    }
-
-    void initParamCommonSampleRate(IO io = IO::INOUT, const int& sampleRate = 48000) {
-        if (io == IO::INPUT || io == IO::INOUT) {
-            mCommon.input.base.sampleRate = sampleRate;
-        }
-        if (io == IO::OUTPUT || io == IO::INOUT) {
-            mCommon.output.base.sampleRate = sampleRate;
-        }
-    }
-
-    void initParamCommonFrameCount(IO io = IO::INOUT, const long& frameCount = 48000) {
-        if (io == IO::INPUT || io == IO::INOUT) {
-            mCommon.input.frameCount = frameCount;
-        }
-        if (io == IO::OUTPUT || io == IO::INOUT) {
-            mCommon.output.frameCount = frameCount;
-        }
-    }
-    void initParamCommon(int session = 0, int ioHandle = -1, int iSampleRate = 48000,
-                         int oSampleRate = 48000, long iFrameCount = 0x100,
-                         long oFrameCount = 0x100) {
-        mCommon.session = session;
-        mCommon.ioHandle = ioHandle;
-
-        auto& input = mCommon.input;
-        auto& output = mCommon.output;
+        auto& input = common.input;
+        auto& output = common.output;
         input.base.sampleRate = iSampleRate;
-        input.base.channelMask = mInputChannelLayout;
+        input.base.channelMask = inputChannelLayout;
+        input.base.format = kDefaultFormatDescription;
         input.frameCount = iFrameCount;
-        input.base.format = DefaultFormat;
         output.base.sampleRate = oSampleRate;
-        output.base.channelMask = mOutputChannelLayout;
-        output.base.format = DefaultFormat;
+        output.base.channelMask = outputChannelLayout;
+        output.base.format = kDefaultFormatDescription;
         output.frameCount = oFrameCount;
-        output.base.format = DefaultFormat;
-        inputFrameSize = android::hardware::audio::common::getFrameSizeInBytes(
-                input.base.format, input.base.channelMask);
-        outputFrameSize = android::hardware::audio::common::getFrameSizeInBytes(
-                output.base.format, output.base.channelMask);
+        return common;
     }
 
-    void setSpecific(Parameter::Specific& specific) { mSpecific = specific; }
-
-    // usually this function only call once.
-    void PrepareInputData(size_t bytes = mWriteMQBytes) {
-        size_t maxInputBytes = mWriteMQBytes;
-        for (auto& it : mEffectParams) {
-            auto& mq = it.inputMQ;
-            EXPECT_NE(nullptr, mq);
-            EXPECT_TRUE(mq->isValid());
-            const size_t bytesToWrite = mq->availableToWrite() * sizeof(float);
-            EXPECT_EQ(inputFrameSize * mCommon.input.frameCount, bytesToWrite);
-            EXPECT_NE(0UL, bytesToWrite);
-            EXPECT_TRUE(bytes <= bytesToWrite);
-            maxInputBytes = std::max(maxInputBytes, bytesToWrite);
-        }
-        mInputBuffer.resize(maxInputBytes / sizeof(float));
-        std::fill(mInputBuffer.begin(), mInputBuffer.end(), 0x5a);
-    }
-
-    void writeToFmq(size_t bytes = mWriteMQBytes) {
-        for (auto& it : mEffectParams) {
-            auto& mq = it.inputMQ;
-            EXPECT_NE(nullptr, mq);
-            const size_t bytesToWrite = mq->availableToWrite() * sizeof(float);
-            EXPECT_NE(0Ul, bytesToWrite);
-            EXPECT_TRUE(bytes <= bytesToWrite);
-            EXPECT_TRUE(mq->write(mInputBuffer.data(), bytes / sizeof(float)));
-        }
-    }
-
-    void readFromFmq(size_t expectBytes = mWriteMQBytes) {
-        for (auto& it : mEffectParams) {
-            IEffect::Status status{};
-            auto& statusMq = it.statusMQ;
-            EXPECT_NE(nullptr, statusMq);
-            EXPECT_TRUE(statusMq->readBlocking(&status, 1));
-            EXPECT_EQ(STATUS_OK, status.status);
-            EXPECT_EQ(expectBytes, (unsigned)status.fmqProduced * sizeof(float));
-
-            auto& outputMq = it.outputMQ;
-            EXPECT_NE(nullptr, outputMq);
-            EXPECT_EQ(expectBytes, outputMq->availableToRead() * sizeof(float));
-        }
-    }
-
-    void setInputChannelLayout(AudioChannelLayout input) { mInputChannelLayout = input; }
-    void setOutputChannelLayout(AudioChannelLayout output) { mOutputChannelLayout = output; }
-    const std::vector<Descriptor::Identity>& GetCompleteEffectIdList() const {
-        return mFactoryHelper.GetCompleteEffectIdList();
-    }
-    const std::vector<Descriptor>& getDescriptorVec() const { return mEffectDescriptors; }
-
-  private:
-    EffectFactoryHelper mFactoryHelper;
-
-    AudioChannelLayout mInputChannelLayout =
-            AudioChannelLayout::make<AudioChannelLayout::layoutMask>(
-                    AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO);
-    AudioChannelLayout mOutputChannelLayout =
-            AudioChannelLayout::make<AudioChannelLayout::layoutMask>(
-                    AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO);
-
-    Parameter::Common mCommon;
-    std::optional<Parameter::Specific> mSpecific = std::nullopt;
-
-    size_t inputFrameSize, outputFrameSize;
-    std::vector<float> mInputBuffer;  // reuse same buffer for all effects testing
-
     typedef ::android::AidlMessageQueue<
             IEffect::Status, ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
             StatusMQ;
@@ -317,6 +181,4 @@
         std::unique_ptr<DataMQ> inputMQ;
         std::unique_ptr<DataMQ> outputMQ;
     };
-    std::vector<EffectParam> mEffectParams;
-    std::vector<Descriptor> mEffectDescriptors;
 };
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.cpp
index ea799fa..79b20fe 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.cpp
@@ -2314,10 +2314,11 @@
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(AudioCoreModuleTest, AudioCoreModule,
                          testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IModule::descriptor)),
                          android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(AudioCoreModule);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(AudioCoreTelephonyTest, AudioCoreTelephony,
                          testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IModule::descriptor)),
                          android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
-GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(AudioCoreModule);
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(AudioCoreTelephony);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(AudioStreamInTest, AudioStreamIn,
                          testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IModule::descriptor)),
                          android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioEffectFactoryTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioEffectFactoryTargetTest.cpp
index d30dff4..8ae963e 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioEffectFactoryTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioEffectFactoryTargetTest.cpp
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
  */
 
 #include <memory>
+#include <set>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -37,23 +38,81 @@
 using namespace android;
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::EffectNullUuid;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::EffectZeroUuid;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kEffectNullUuid;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kEffectZeroUuid;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Processing;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioSource;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioStreamType;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioUuid;
 
 /// Effect factory testing.
 class EffectFactoryTest : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
-    void SetUp() override { ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFactory.ConnectToFactoryService()); }
+    void SetUp() override {
+        mFactoryHelper = std::make_unique<EffectFactoryHelper>(GetParam());
+        connectAndGetFactory();
+    }
 
-    void TearDown() override { mFactory.DestroyEffects(); }
+    void TearDown() override {
+        for (auto& effect : mEffects) {
+            const auto status = mEffectFactory->destroyEffect(effect);
+            EXPECT_STATUS(EX_NONE, status);
+        }
+    }
 
-    EffectFactoryHelper mFactory = EffectFactoryHelper(GetParam());
+    std::unique_ptr<EffectFactoryHelper> mFactoryHelper;
+    std::shared_ptr<IFactory> mEffectFactory;
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<IEffect>> mEffects;
+    const Descriptor::Identity kNullDesc = {.uuid = kEffectNullUuid};
+    const Descriptor::Identity kZeroDesc = {.uuid = kEffectZeroUuid};
 
-    const Descriptor::Identity nullDesc = {.uuid = EffectNullUuid};
-    const Descriptor::Identity zeroDesc = {.uuid = EffectZeroUuid};
+    template <typename Functor>
+    void ForEachId(const std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids, Functor functor) {
+        for (const auto& id : ids) {
+            SCOPED_TRACE(id.toString());
+            functor(id);
+        }
+    }
+    template <typename Functor>
+    void ForEachEffect(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<IEffect>> effects, Functor functor) {
+        for (auto& effect : effects) {
+            functor(effect);
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<IEffect>> createWithIds(
+            const std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids,
+            const binder_status_t expectStatus = EX_NONE) {
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<IEffect>> effects;
+        for (const auto& id : ids) {
+            std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+            EXPECT_STATUS(expectStatus, mEffectFactory->createEffect(id.uuid, &effect));
+            if (expectStatus == EX_NONE) {
+                EXPECT_NE(effect, nullptr) << " null effect with uuid: " << id.uuid.toString();
+                effects.push_back(std::move(effect));
+            }
+        }
+        return effects;
+    }
+    void destroyEffects(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<IEffect>> effects,
+                        const binder_status_t expectStatus = EX_NONE) {
+        for (const auto& effect : effects) {
+            EXPECT_STATUS(expectStatus, mEffectFactory->destroyEffect(effect));
+        }
+    }
+    void creatAndDestroyIds(const std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids) {
+        for (const auto& id : ids) {
+            auto effects = createWithIds({id});
+            ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroyEffects(effects));
+        }
+    }
+    void connectAndGetFactory() {
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFactoryHelper->ConnectToFactoryService());
+        mEffectFactory = mFactoryHelper->GetFactory();
+        ASSERT_NE(mEffectFactory, nullptr);
+    }
 };
 
 TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, SetupAndTearDown) {
@@ -61,165 +120,160 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, CanBeRestarted) {
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFactory.RestartFactoryService());
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFactoryHelper->RestartFactoryService());
 }
 
-TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, QueriedDescriptorList) {
-    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> descriptors;
-    mFactory.QueryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &descriptors);
-    EXPECT_NE(descriptors.size(), 0UL);
-}
+/**
+ * @brief Check at least support list of effect must be supported by aosp:
+ * https://developer.android.com/reference/android/media/audiofx/AudioEffect
+ */
+TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, ExpectAllAospEffectTypes) {
+    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids;
+    std::set<AudioUuid> typeUuidSet(
+            {aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kBassBoostTypeUUID,
+             aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kEqualizerTypeUUID,
+             aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kEnvReverbTypeUUID,
+             aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kPresetReverbTypeUUID,
+             aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kDynamicsProcessingTypeUUID,
+             aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kHapticGeneratorTypeUUID,
+             aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kVirtualizerTypeUUID});
 
-TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, DescriptorUUIDNotNull) {
-    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> descriptors;
-    mFactory.QueryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &descriptors);
-    // TODO: Factory eventually need to return the full list of MUST supported AOSP effects.
-    for (auto& desc : descriptors) {
-        EXPECT_NE(desc.type, EffectNullUuid);
-        EXPECT_NE(desc.uuid, EffectNullUuid);
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &ids));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ids.size() >= typeUuidSet.size());
+    for (const auto& id : ids) {
+        typeUuidSet.erase(id.type);
     }
+    std::string msg = " missing type UUID:\n";
+    for (const auto& uuid : typeUuidSet) {
+        msg += (uuid.toString() + "\n");
+    }
+    SCOPED_TRACE(msg);
+    EXPECT_EQ(0UL, typeUuidSet.size());
 }
 
-TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, QueriedDescriptorNotExistType) {
-    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> descriptors;
-    mFactory.QueryEffects(EffectNullUuid, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &descriptors);
-    EXPECT_EQ(descriptors.size(), 0UL);
+TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, QueryNullTypeUuid) {
+    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids;
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(kEffectNullUuid, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &ids));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ids.size(), 0UL);
 }
 
-TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, QueriedDescriptorNotExistInstance) {
-    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> descriptors;
-    mFactory.QueryEffects(std::nullopt, EffectNullUuid, std::nullopt, &descriptors);
-    EXPECT_EQ(descriptors.size(), 0UL);
+TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, QueriedNullImplUuid) {
+    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids;
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, kEffectNullUuid, std::nullopt, &ids));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ids.size(), 0UL);
 }
 
-TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, CreateAndDestroyOnce) {
-    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> descriptors;
-    mFactory.QueryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &descriptors);
-    auto numIds = mFactory.GetEffectIds().size();
-    EXPECT_NE(numIds, 0UL);
-
-    auto& effectMap = mFactory.GetEffectMap();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
-    mFactory.CreateEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), numIds);
-    mFactory.DestroyEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
+TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, QueriedNullProxyUuid) {
+    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids;
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, kEffectNullUuid, &ids));
+    EXPECT_EQ(ids.size(), 0UL);
 }
 
-TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, CreateAndDestroyRepeat) {
-    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> descriptors;
-    mFactory.QueryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &descriptors);
-    auto numIds = mFactory.GetEffectIds().size();
-    EXPECT_NE(numIds, 0UL);
+// create all effects, and then destroy them all together
+TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, CreateAndDestroyEffects) {
+    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids;
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &ids));
+    EXPECT_NE(ids.size(), 0UL);
 
-    auto& effectMap = mFactory.GetEffectMap();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
-    mFactory.CreateEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), numIds);
-    mFactory.DestroyEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
-
-    // Create and destroy again
-    mFactory.CreateEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), numIds);
-    mFactory.DestroyEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<IEffect>> effects;
+    effects = createWithIds(ids);
+    EXPECT_EQ(ids.size(), effects.size());
+    destroyEffects(effects);
 }
 
 TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, CreateMultipleInstanceOfSameEffect) {
-    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> descriptors;
-    mFactory.QueryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &descriptors);
-    auto numIds = mFactory.GetEffectIds().size();
-    EXPECT_NE(numIds, 0UL);
+    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids;
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &ids));
+    EXPECT_NE(ids.size(), 0UL);
 
-    auto& effectMap = mFactory.GetEffectMap();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
-    mFactory.CreateEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), numIds);
-    // Create effect instances of same implementation
-    mFactory.CreateEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 2 * numIds);
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<IEffect>> effects = createWithIds(ids);
+    EXPECT_EQ(ids.size(), effects.size());
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<IEffect>> effects2 = createWithIds(ids);
+    EXPECT_EQ(ids.size(), effects2.size());
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<IEffect>> effects3 = createWithIds(ids);
+    EXPECT_EQ(ids.size(), effects3.size());
 
-    mFactory.CreateEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 3 * numIds);
+    destroyEffects(effects);
+    destroyEffects(effects2);
+    destroyEffects(effects3);
+}
 
-    mFactory.DestroyEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
+// create and destroy each effect one by one
+TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, CreateAndDestroyEffectsOneByOne) {
+    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids;
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &ids));
+    EXPECT_NE(ids.size(), 0UL);
+
+    creatAndDestroyIds(ids);
+}
+
+// for each effect: repeat 3 times create and destroy
+TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, CreateAndDestroyRepeat) {
+    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids;
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &ids));
+    EXPECT_NE(ids.size(), 0UL);
+
+    creatAndDestroyIds(ids);
+    creatAndDestroyIds(ids);
+    creatAndDestroyIds(ids);
 }
 
 // Expect EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT when create with invalid UUID.
 TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, CreateWithInvalidUuid) {
-    std::vector<std::pair<Descriptor::Identity, binder_status_t>> descriptors;
-    descriptors.push_back(std::make_pair(nullDesc, EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT));
-    descriptors.push_back(std::make_pair(zeroDesc, EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT));
-
-    auto& effectMap = mFactory.GetEffectMap();
-    mFactory.CreateEffectsAndExpect(descriptors);
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
+    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids = {kNullDesc, kZeroDesc};
+    auto effects = createWithIds(ids, EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    EXPECT_EQ(effects.size(), 0UL);
 }
 
 // Expect EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT when destroy null interface.
 TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, DestroyWithInvalidInterface) {
     std::shared_ptr<IEffect> spDummyEffect(nullptr);
-
-    mFactory.DestroyEffectAndExpect(spDummyEffect, EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    destroyEffects({spDummyEffect}, EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
 }
 
-TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, CreateAndRemoveReference) {
-    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> descriptors;
-    mFactory.QueryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &descriptors);
-    auto numIds = mFactory.GetEffectIds().size();
-    EXPECT_NE(numIds, 0UL);
+// Same descriptor ID should work after service restart.
+TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, CreateDestroyWithRestart) {
+    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids;
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &ids));
+    EXPECT_NE(ids.size(), 0UL);
+    creatAndDestroyIds(ids);
 
-    auto& effectMap = mFactory.GetEffectMap();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
-    mFactory.CreateEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), numIds);
-    // remove all reference
-    mFactory.ClearEffectMap();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
+    mFactoryHelper->RestartFactoryService();
+
+    connectAndGetFactory();
+    creatAndDestroyIds(ids);
 }
 
-TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, CreateRemoveReferenceAndCreateDestroy) {
-    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> descriptors;
-    mFactory.QueryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &descriptors);
-    auto numIds = mFactory.GetEffectIds().size();
-    EXPECT_NE(numIds, 0UL);
+// Effect handle invalid after restart.
+TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, EffectInvalidAfterRestart) {
+    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> ids;
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &ids));
+    EXPECT_NE(ids.size(), 0UL);
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<IEffect>> effects = createWithIds(ids);
 
-    auto& effectMap = mFactory.GetEffectMap();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
-    mFactory.CreateEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), numIds);
-    // remove all reference
-    mFactory.ClearEffectMap();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFactoryHelper->RestartFactoryService());
 
-    // Create and destroy again
-    mFactory.CreateEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), numIds);
-    mFactory.DestroyEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
+    connectAndGetFactory();
+    destroyEffects(effects, EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
 }
 
-TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, CreateRestartAndCreateDestroy) {
-    std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> descriptors;
-    mFactory.QueryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &descriptors);
-    auto numIds = mFactory.GetEffectIds().size();
-    auto& effectMap = mFactory.GetEffectMap();
-    mFactory.CreateEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), numIds);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mFactory.RestartFactoryService());
-
-    mFactory.CreateEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), numIds);
-    mFactory.DestroyEffects();
-    EXPECT_EQ(effectMap.size(), 0UL);
-}
-
+// expect no error with the queryProcessing interface, but don't check number of processing
 TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, QueryProcess) {
     std::vector<Processing> processing;
-    mFactory.QueryProcessing(std::nullopt, &processing);
-    // TODO: verify the number of process in example implementation after audio_effects.xml migrated
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryProcessing(std::nullopt, &processing));
+
+    Processing::Type streamType =
+            Processing::Type::make<Processing::Type::streamType>(AudioStreamType::SYSTEM);
+    std::vector<Processing> processingFilteredByStream;
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryProcessing(streamType, &processingFilteredByStream));
+
+    Processing::Type source =
+            Processing::Type::make<Processing::Type::source>(AudioSource::DEFAULT);
+    std::vector<Processing> processingFilteredBySource;
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryProcessing(source, &processingFilteredBySource));
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(processing.size() >= processingFilteredByStream.size());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(processing.size() >= processingFilteredBySource.size());
 }
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(EffectFactoryTest, EffectFactoryTest,
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
index 3ea67bc..8212149 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
@@ -16,26 +16,24 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest"
 
+#include <chrono>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
-#include <unordered_map>
-#include <unordered_set>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include <Utils.h>
 #include <aidl/Gtest.h>
 #include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/effect/IEffect.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/effect/IFactory.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
-#include <android-base/properties.h>
 #include <android/binder_interface_utils.h>
 #include <android/binder_manager.h>
 #include <android/binder_process.h>
-
-#include <Utils.h>
-#include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/effect/IEffect.h>
-#include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/effect/IFactory.h>
-#include <aidl/android/media/audio/common/AudioDeviceType.h>
+#include <fmq/AidlMessageQueue.h>
 
 #include "AudioHalBinderServiceUtil.h"
+#include "EffectFactoryHelper.h"
 #include "EffectHelper.h"
 #include "TestUtils.h"
 
@@ -49,309 +47,725 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Parameter;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
-using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceType;
 
-class AudioEffectTest : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string>, public EffectHelper {
+enum ParamName { PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME };
+using EffectTestParam = std::tuple<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor::Identity>>;
+
+class AudioEffectTest : public testing::TestWithParam<EffectTestParam>, public EffectHelper {
   public:
-    AudioEffectTest() : EffectHelper(GetParam()) {}
+    AudioEffectTest() { std::tie(mFactory, mIdentity) = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(GetParam()); }
 
-    void SetUp() override {
-        CreateEffects();
-        initParamCommonFormat();
-        initParamCommon();
-    }
+    void SetUp() override {}
+    void TearDown() override {}
 
-    void TearDown() override {
-        CloseEffects();
-        DestroyEffects();
-    }
+    static const long kInputFrameCount = 0x100, kOutputFrameCount = 0x100;
+    std::shared_ptr<IFactory> mFactory;
+    Descriptor::Identity mIdentity;
 };
 
-TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, OpenEffectTest) {
-    OpenEffects();
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, SetupAndTearDown) {
+    // Intentionally empty test body.
 }
 
-TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, OpenAndCloseEffect) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    CloseEffects();
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, CreateAndDestroy) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
-TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, CloseUnopenedEffectTest) {
-    CloseEffects();
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, OpenAndClose) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
-TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, DoubleOpenCloseEffects) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    CloseEffects();
-    OpenEffects();
-    CloseEffects();
-
-    OpenEffects();
-    OpenEffects();
-    CloseEffects();
-
-    OpenEffects();
-    CloseEffects();
-    CloseEffects();
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, CloseUnopenedEffect) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
-TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, GetDescriptors) {
-    GetEffectDescriptors();
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, DoubleOpenAndClose) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect1, effect2;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect1, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect2, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect1));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect2, 1 /* session */));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect1));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect2));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect1));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect2));
 }
 
-TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, DescriptorIdExistAndUnique) {
-    auto checker = [&](const std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& effect) {
-        Descriptor desc;
-        std::vector<Descriptor::Identity> idList;
-        EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-        QueryEffects(desc.common.id.type, desc.common.id.uuid, desc.common.id.proxy, &idList);
-        // Must have at least one instance.
-        EXPECT_NE(idList.size(), 0UL);
-    };
-    ForEachEffect(checker);
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, TripleOpenAndClose) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect1, effect2, effect3;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect1, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect2, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect3, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect1));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect2, 1 /* session */));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect3, 2 /* session */));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect1));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect2));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect3));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect1));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect2));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect3));
+}
 
-    // Check unique with a set
-    auto stringHash = [](const Descriptor::Identity& id) {
-        return std::hash<std::string>()(id.toString());
-    };
-    auto vec = GetCompleteEffectIdList();
-    std::unordered_set<Descriptor::Identity, decltype(stringHash)> idSet(0, stringHash);
-    for (auto it : vec) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(idSet.count(it), 0UL) << it.toString();
-        idSet.insert(it);
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, GetDescritorBeforeOpen) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    Descriptor desc;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getDescriptor(effect, desc));
+    EXPECT_EQ(mIdentity.toString(), desc.common.id.toString());
+    EXPECT_NE("", desc.common.name);
+    EXPECT_NE("", desc.common.implementor);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
+}
+
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, GetDescritorAfterOpen) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    Descriptor beforeOpen, afterOpen, afterClose;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getDescriptor(effect, beforeOpen));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getDescriptor(effect, afterOpen));
+    EXPECT_EQ(beforeOpen.toString(), afterOpen.toString()) << "\n"
+                                                           << beforeOpen.toString() << "\n"
+                                                           << afterOpen.toString();
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getDescriptor(effect, afterClose));
+    EXPECT_EQ(beforeOpen.toString(), afterClose.toString()) << "\n"
+                                                            << beforeOpen.toString() << "\n"
+                                                            << afterClose.toString();
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
+}
+
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, DescriptorExistAndUnique) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    Descriptor desc;
+
+    auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor);
+    std::set<Descriptor::Identity> idSet;
+    for (const auto& it : descList) {
+        auto& id = it.second;
+        EXPECT_EQ(0ul, idSet.count(id));
+        idSet.insert(id);
     }
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getDescriptor(effect, desc));
+    EXPECT_EQ(1ul, idSet.count(desc.common.id));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
 /// State testing.
 // An effect instance is in INIT state by default after it was created.
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, InitStateAfterCreation) {
-    ExpectState(State::INIT);
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::INIT));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
-// An effect instance transfer to INIT state after it was open successfully with IEffect.open().
+// An effect instance transfer to IDLE state after IEffect.ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open().
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, IdleStateAfterOpen) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CloseEffects();
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
 // An effect instance is in PROCESSING state after it receive an START command.
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, ProcessingStateAfterStart) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::STOP);
-    CloseEffects();
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::INIT));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
 // An effect instance transfer to IDLE state after Command.Id.STOP in PROCESSING state.
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, IdleStateAfterStop) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::STOP);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CloseEffects();
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
 // An effect instance transfer to IDLE state after Command.Id.RESET in PROCESSING state.
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, IdleStateAfterReset) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::RESET);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CloseEffects();
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::RESET));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
-// An effect instance transfer to INIT if instance receive a close() call.
+// An effect instance transfer to INIT after IEffect.ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close().
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, InitStateAfterClose) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::STOP);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CloseEffects();
-    ExpectState(State::INIT);
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::INIT));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
 // An effect instance shouldn't accept any command before open.
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, NoCommandAcceptedBeforeOpen) {
-    ExpectState(State::INIT);
-    CommandEffectsExpectStatus(CommandId::START, EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
-    CommandEffectsExpectStatus(CommandId::STOP, EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
-    CommandEffectsExpectStatus(CommandId::RESET, EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
-    ExpectState(State::INIT);
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START, EX_ILLEGAL_STATE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP, EX_ILLEGAL_STATE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::RESET, EX_ILLEGAL_STATE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
 // No-op when receive STOP command in IDLE state.
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, StopCommandInIdleStateNoOp) {
-    ExpectState(State::INIT);
-    OpenEffects();
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::STOP);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CloseEffects();
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
-// No-op when receive STOP command in IDLE state.
+// No-op when receive RESET command in IDLE state.
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, ResetCommandInIdleStateNoOp) {
-    ExpectState(State::INIT);
-    OpenEffects();
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::RESET);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CloseEffects();
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::RESET));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
 // Repeat START and STOP command.
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, RepeatStartAndStop) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::STOP);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::STOP);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CloseEffects();
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
 // Repeat START and RESET command.
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, RepeatStartAndReset) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::RESET);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::RESET);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CloseEffects();
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::RESET));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::RESET));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
-// Repeat START and STOP command, try to close at PROCESSING state.
+// Try to close an effect instance at PROCESSING state.
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, CloseProcessingStateEffects) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::STOP);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    CloseEffects(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
-    // cleanup
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::STOP);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect, EX_ILLEGAL_STATE));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
 // Expect EX_ILLEGAL_STATE if the effect instance is not in a proper state to be destroyed.
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, DestroyOpenEffects) {
-    // cleanup all effects.
-    CloseEffects();
-    DestroyEffects();
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
 
-    // open effects, destroy without close, expect to get EX_ILLEGAL_STATE status.
-    CreateEffects();
-    OpenEffects();
-    auto vec = GetCompleteEffectIdList();
-    DestroyEffects(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE, vec.size());
-    CloseEffects();
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect, EX_ILLEGAL_STATE));
+}
+
+// Expect EX_ILLEGAL_STATE if the effect instance is not in a proper state to be destroyed.
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, DestroyProcessingEffects) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect, EX_ILLEGAL_STATE));
+}
+
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, NormalSequenceStates) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::INIT));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::RESET));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
 /// Parameter testing.
 // Verify parameters pass in open can be successfully get.
-TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, VerifyParametersAfterOpen) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    VerifyParameters();
-    CloseEffects();
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, VerifyCommonParametersAfterOpen) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+
+    Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon();
+    IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect, common, std::nullopt /* specific */, &ret, EX_NONE));
+
+    Parameter get = Parameter(), expect = Parameter();
+    expect.set<Parameter::common>(common);
+    Parameter::Id id;
+    id.set<Parameter::Id::commonTag>(Parameter::common);
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->getParameter(id, &get));
+    EXPECT_EQ(expect, get) << expect.toString() << " vs " << get.toString();
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
 // Verify parameters pass in set can be successfully get.
-TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, SetAndGetParameter) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    VerifyParameters();
-    initParamCommon(1 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */,
-                    44100 /* oSampleRate */);
-    SetParameter();
-    VerifyParameters();
-    CloseEffects();
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, SetAndGetCommonParameter) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+
+    Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */);
+    Parameter get = Parameter(), set = Parameter();
+    set.set<Parameter::common>(common);
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->setParameter(set));
+
+    Parameter::Id id;
+    id.set<Parameter::Id::commonTag>(Parameter::common);
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->getParameter(id, &get));
+    EXPECT_EQ(set, get) << set.toString() << " vs " << get.toString();
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
-// Verify parameters pass in set can be successfully get.
+// Verify parameters set and get in PROCESSING state.
 TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, SetAndGetParameterInProcessing) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    VerifyParameters();
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    initParamCommon(1 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */,
-                    44100 /* oSampleRate */);
-    SetParameter();
-    VerifyParameters();
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::STOP);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CloseEffects();
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+
+    Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */);
+    Parameter get = Parameter(), set = Parameter();
+    set.set<Parameter::common>(common);
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->setParameter(set));
+
+    Parameter::Id id;
+    id.set<Parameter::Id::commonTag>(Parameter::common);
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->getParameter(id, &get));
+    EXPECT_EQ(set, get) << set.toString() << " vs " << get.toString();
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
-// Parameters kept after reset.
-TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, ResetAndVerifyParameter) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    VerifyParameters();
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    initParamCommon(1 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */,
-                    44100 /* oSampleRate */);
-    SetParameter();
-    VerifyParameters();
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::RESET);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    VerifyParameters();
-    CloseEffects();
+// Verify parameters set and get in IDLE state.
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, SetAndGetParameterInIdle) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+
+    Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */);
+    Parameter get = Parameter(), set = Parameter();
+    set.set<Parameter::common>(common);
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->setParameter(set));
+
+    Parameter::Id id;
+    id.set<Parameter::Id::commonTag>(Parameter::common);
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->getParameter(id, &get));
+    EXPECT_EQ(set, get) << set.toString() << " vs " << get.toString();
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
-// TODO: need a way to support setting different sessionId to different effect instances
-#if 0
-// Multiple instances of same implementation running.
-TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, MultipleInstancesRunningWithDiffSessionId) {
-    CreateEffects();
-    ExpectState(State::INIT);
-    OpenEffects();
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    initParamCommon(1 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */,
-                    44100 /* oSampleRate */);
-    SetParameter();
-    VerifyParameters();
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::STOP);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    VerifyParameters();
-    CloseEffects();
-}
-#endif
+// Verify Parameters kept after stop.
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, SetAndGetParameterAfterStop) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
 
-// Send data to effects and expect it to consume by check statusMQ.
-TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, ExpectEffectsToConsumeDataInMQ) {
-    OpenEffects();
-    PrepareInputData(mWriteMQBytes);
+    Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */);
+    Parameter get = Parameter(), set = Parameter();
+    set.set<Parameter::common>(common);
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->setParameter(set));
 
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::START);
-    writeToFmq(mWriteMQBytes);
-    readFromFmq(mWriteMQBytes);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
 
-    ExpectState(State::PROCESSING);
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::STOP);
-    // cleanup
-    CommandEffects(CommandId::STOP);
-    ExpectState(State::IDLE);
-    CloseEffects();
+    Parameter::Id id;
+    id.set<Parameter::Id::commonTag>(Parameter::common);
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->getParameter(id, &get));
+    EXPECT_EQ(set, get) << set.toString() << " vs " << get.toString();
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
 }
 
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(AudioEffectTestTest, AudioEffectTest,
-                         testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IFactory::descriptor)),
-                         android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+// Verify Parameters kept after reset.
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, SetAndGetParameterAfterReset) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+
+    Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */);
+    Parameter get = Parameter(), set = Parameter();
+    set.set<Parameter::common>(common);
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->setParameter(set));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::RESET));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+
+    Parameter::Id id;
+    id.set<Parameter::Id::commonTag>(Parameter::common);
+    EXPECT_IS_OK(effect->getParameter(id, &get));
+    EXPECT_EQ(set, get) << set.toString() << " vs " << get.toString();
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
+}
+
+/// Data processing test
+// Send data to effects and expect it to be consumed by checking statusMQ.
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, ConsumeDataInProcessingState) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+
+    Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */,
+            kInputFrameCount /* iFrameCount */, kOutputFrameCount /* oFrameCount */);
+    IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect, common, std::nullopt /* specific */, &ret, EX_NONE));
+    auto statusMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::StatusMQ>(ret.statusMQ);
+    auto inputMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret.inputDataMQ);
+    auto outputMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret.outputDataMQ);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+
+    std::vector<float> buffer;
+    EffectHelper::allocateInputData(common, inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::writeToFmq(inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ, 1, outputMQ, buffer.size(), buffer);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
+}
+
+// Send data to effects and expect it to be consumed after effect restart.
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, ConsumeDataAfterRestart) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+
+    Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */,
+            kInputFrameCount /* iFrameCount */, kOutputFrameCount /* oFrameCount */);
+    IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect, common, std::nullopt /* specific */, &ret, EX_NONE));
+    auto statusMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::StatusMQ>(ret.statusMQ);
+    auto inputMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret.inputDataMQ);
+    auto outputMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret.outputDataMQ);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+
+    std::vector<float> buffer;
+    EffectHelper::allocateInputData(common, inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::writeToFmq(inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ, 1, outputMQ, buffer.size(), buffer);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
+}
+
+// Send data to IDLE effects and expect it to be consumed after effect start.
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, SendDataAtIdleAndConsumeDataInProcessing) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+
+    Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */,
+            kInputFrameCount /* iFrameCount */, kOutputFrameCount /* oFrameCount */);
+    IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect, common, std::nullopt /* specific */, &ret, EX_NONE));
+    auto statusMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::StatusMQ>(ret.statusMQ);
+    auto inputMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret.inputDataMQ);
+    auto outputMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret.outputDataMQ);
+
+    std::vector<float> buffer;
+    EffectHelper::allocateInputData(common, inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::writeToFmq(inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ, 0, outputMQ, 0, buffer);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ, 1, outputMQ, buffer.size(), buffer);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
+}
+
+// Send data multiple times.
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, ProcessDataMultipleTimes) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+
+    Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */,
+            kInputFrameCount /* iFrameCount */, kOutputFrameCount /* oFrameCount */);
+    IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect, common, std::nullopt /* specific */, &ret, EX_NONE));
+    auto statusMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::StatusMQ>(ret.statusMQ);
+    auto inputMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret.inputDataMQ);
+    auto outputMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret.outputDataMQ);
+
+    std::vector<float> buffer;
+    EffectHelper::allocateInputData(common, inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::writeToFmq(inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ, 0, outputMQ, 0, buffer);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ, 1, outputMQ, buffer.size(), buffer);
+    // expect no status and data after consume
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ, 0, outputMQ, 0, buffer);
+
+    EffectHelper::writeToFmq(inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ, 1, outputMQ, buffer.size(), buffer);
+    // expect no status and data after consume
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ, 0, outputMQ, 0, buffer);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
+}
+
+// Send data to IDLE state effects and expect it not be consumed.
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, NotConsumeDataInIdleState) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+
+    Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */,
+            kInputFrameCount /* iFrameCount */, kOutputFrameCount /* oFrameCount */);
+    IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect, common, std::nullopt /* specific */, &ret, EX_NONE));
+    auto statusMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::StatusMQ>(ret.statusMQ);
+    auto inputMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret.inputDataMQ);
+    auto outputMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret.outputDataMQ);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+
+    std::vector<float> buffer;
+    EffectHelper::allocateInputData(common, inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::writeToFmq(inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ, 0, outputMQ, 0, buffer);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::PROCESSING));
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ, 1, outputMQ, buffer.size(), buffer);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect, State::IDLE));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
+}
+
+// Send data to closed effects and expect it not be consumed.
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, NotConsumeDataByClosedEffect) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect, mIdentity));
+
+    Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */,
+            kInputFrameCount /* iFrameCount */, kOutputFrameCount /* oFrameCount */);
+    IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect, common, std::nullopt /* specific */, &ret, EX_NONE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect));
+
+    auto statusMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::StatusMQ>(ret.statusMQ);
+    auto inputMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret.inputDataMQ);
+    auto outputMQ = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret.outputDataMQ);
+
+    std::vector<float> buffer;
+    EffectHelper::allocateInputData(common, inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::writeToFmq(inputMQ, buffer);
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ, 0, outputMQ, 0, buffer);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect));
+}
+
+// Send data to multiple effects.
+TEST_P(AudioEffectTest, ConsumeDataMultipleEffects) {
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> effect1, effect2;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect1, mIdentity));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, effect2, mIdentity));
+
+    Parameter::Common common1 = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */,
+            kInputFrameCount /* iFrameCount */, kOutputFrameCount /* oFrameCount */);
+    Parameter::Common common2 = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+            1 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 48000 /* iSampleRate */, 48000 /* oSampleRate */,
+            2 * kInputFrameCount /* iFrameCount */, 2 * kOutputFrameCount /* oFrameCount */);
+    IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret1, ret2;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect1, common1, std::nullopt /* specific */, &ret1, EX_NONE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(effect2, common2, std::nullopt /* specific */, &ret2, EX_NONE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect1, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect1, State::PROCESSING));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect2, CommandId::START));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect2, State::PROCESSING));
+
+    auto statusMQ1 = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::StatusMQ>(ret1.statusMQ);
+    auto inputMQ1 = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret1.inputDataMQ);
+    auto outputMQ1 = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret1.outputDataMQ);
+
+    std::vector<float> buffer1, buffer2;
+    EffectHelper::allocateInputData(common1, inputMQ1, buffer1);
+    EffectHelper::writeToFmq(inputMQ1, buffer1);
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ1, 1, outputMQ1, buffer1.size(), buffer1);
+
+    auto statusMQ2 = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::StatusMQ>(ret2.statusMQ);
+    auto inputMQ2 = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret2.inputDataMQ);
+    auto outputMQ2 = std::make_unique<EffectHelper::DataMQ>(ret2.outputDataMQ);
+    EffectHelper::allocateInputData(common2, inputMQ2, buffer2);
+    EffectHelper::writeToFmq(inputMQ2, buffer2);
+    EffectHelper::readFromFmq(statusMQ2, 1, outputMQ2, buffer2.size(), buffer2);
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect1, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect1, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect1));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect1));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(command(effect2, CommandId::STOP));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(expectState(effect2, State::IDLE));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(effect2));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, effect2));
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        SingleEffectInstanceTest, AudioEffectTest,
+        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(
+                EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor))),
+        [](const testing::TestParamInfo<AudioEffectTest::ParamType>& info) {
+            auto msSinceEpoch = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(
+                                        std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch())
+                                        .count();
+            auto instance = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(info.param);
+            std::ostringstream address;
+            address << msSinceEpoch << "_factory_" << instance.first.get();
+            std::string name = address.str() + "_UUID_timeLow_" +
+                               ::android::internal::ToString(instance.second.uuid.timeLow) +
+                               "_timeMid_" +
+                               ::android::internal::ToString(instance.second.uuid.timeMid);
+            std::replace_if(
+                    name.begin(), name.end(), [](const char c) { return !std::isalnum(c); }, '_');
+            return name;
+        });
 GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(AudioEffectTest);
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalEqualizerTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalEqualizerTargetTest.cpp
index 4162551..f19dff6 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalEqualizerTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalEqualizerTargetTest.cpp
@@ -35,8 +35,6 @@
 #include <Utils.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/effect/IEffect.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/effect/IFactory.h>
-#include <aidl/android/media/audio/common/AudioChannelLayout.h>
-#include <aidl/android/media/audio/common/AudioDeviceType.h>
 
 #include "AudioHalBinderServiceUtil.h"
 #include "EffectHelper.h"
@@ -47,103 +45,126 @@
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::EffectNullUuid;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Equalizer;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::EqualizerTypeUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kEqualizerTypeUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Parameter;
 
 /**
- * Here we focus on specific parameter checking, general IEffect interfaces testing performed in
- * VtsAudioEfectTargetTest.
+ * Here we focus on specific effect (equalizer) parameter checking, general IEffect interfaces
+ * testing performed in VtsAudioEfectTargetTest.
  */
-enum ParamName { PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME, PARAM_PRESET_INDEX, PARAM_BAND_INDEX, PARAM_BAND_LEVEL };
-using EqualizerParamTestParam = std::tuple<std::string, int, int, int>;
+
+enum ParamName { PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME, PARAM_BAND_LEVEL };
+using EqualizerParamTestParam =
+        std::tuple<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor::Identity>, int>;
 
 /*
 Testing parameter range, assuming the parameter supported by effect is in this range.
 This range is verified with IEffect.getDescriptor(), for any index supported vts expect EX_NONE
 from IEffect.setParameter(), otherwise expect EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT.
 */
-constexpr std::pair<int, int> kPresetIndexRange = {-1, 10};  // valid range [0, 9]
-constexpr std::pair<int, int> kBandIndexRange = {-1, 5};     // valid range [0, 4]
-constexpr std::pair<int, int> kBandLevelRange = {-5, 5};     // needs update with implementation
+const std::vector<int> kBandLevels = {0, -10, 10};  // needs update with implementation
 
-class EqualizerParamTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<EqualizerParamTestParam>,
-                           public EffectHelper {
+class EqualizerTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<EqualizerParamTestParam>,
+                      public EffectHelper {
   public:
-    EqualizerParamTest()
-        : EffectHelper(std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(GetParam())),
-          mParamPresetIndex(std::get<PARAM_PRESET_INDEX>(GetParam())),
-          mParamBandIndex(std::get<PARAM_BAND_INDEX>(GetParam())),
-          mParamBandLevel(std::get<PARAM_BAND_LEVEL>(GetParam())) {}
+    EqualizerTest() : mBandLevel(std::get<PARAM_BAND_LEVEL>(GetParam())) {
+        std::tie(mFactory, mIdentity) = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(GetParam());
+    }
 
     void SetUp() override {
-        CreateEffectsWithUUID(EqualizerTypeUUID);
-        initParamCommonFormat();
-        initParamCommon();
-        initParamSpecific();
-        OpenEffects(EqualizerTypeUUID);
-        SCOPED_TRACE(testing::Message() << "preset: " << mParamPresetIndex << " bandIdx "
-                                        << mParamBandIndex << " level " << mParamBandLevel);
-    }
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mFactory);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, mEffect, mIdentity));
 
+        Parameter::Specific specific = getDefaultParamSpecific();
+        Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+                0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */,
+                kInputFrameCount /* iFrameCount */, kOutputFrameCount /* oFrameCount */);
+        IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(mEffect, common, specific, &ret, EX_NONE));
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mEffect);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(setTagRange());
+    }
     void TearDown() override {
-        CloseEffects();
-        DestroyEffects();
-        CleanUp();
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(mEffect));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, mEffect));
     }
 
-    int mParamPresetIndex = 0;
-    int mParamBandIndex = 0;
-    int mParamBandLevel = 0;
+    std::pair<int, int> setPresetIndexRange(const Equalizer::Capability& cap) const {
+        const auto [min, max] =
+                std::minmax_element(cap.presets.begin(), cap.presets.end(),
+                                    [](const auto& a, const auto& b) { return a.index < b.index; });
+        return {min->index, max->index};
+    }
+    std::pair<int, int> setBandIndexRange(const Equalizer::Capability& cap) const {
+        const auto [min, max] =
+                std::minmax_element(cap.bandFrequencies.begin(), cap.bandFrequencies.end(),
+                                    [](const auto& a, const auto& b) { return a.index < b.index; });
+        return {min->index, max->index};
+    }
+    void setTagRange() {
+        Descriptor desc;
+        ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getDescriptor(&desc));
+        Equalizer::Capability& eqCap = desc.capability.get<Capability::equalizer>();
+        mPresetIndex = setPresetIndexRange(eqCap);
+        mBandIndex = setBandIndexRange(eqCap);
+    }
+
+    static const long kInputFrameCount = 0x100, kOutputFrameCount = 0x100;
+    std::shared_ptr<IFactory> mFactory;
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> mEffect;
+    Descriptor::Identity mIdentity;
+    std::pair<int, int> mPresetIndex;
+    std::pair<int, int> mBandIndex;
+    const int mBandLevel;
+    Descriptor mDesc;
 
     void SetAndGetEqualizerParameters() {
-        auto functor = [&](const std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& effect) {
-            for (auto& it : mTags) {
-                auto& tag = it.first;
-                auto& eq = it.second;
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mEffect);
+        for (auto& it : mTags) {
+            auto& tag = it.first;
+            auto& eq = it.second;
 
-                // validate parameter
-                Descriptor desc;
-                ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, effect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-                const bool valid = isTagInRange(it.first, it.second, desc);
-                const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+            // validate parameter
+            const bool valid = isTagInRange(it.first, it.second);
+            const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
 
-                // set
-                Parameter expectParam;
-                Parameter::Specific specific;
-                specific.set<Parameter::Specific::equalizer>(*eq.get());
-                expectParam.set<Parameter::specific>(specific);
-                EXPECT_STATUS(expected, effect->setParameter(expectParam))
-                        << expectParam.toString();
+            // set
+            Parameter expectParam;
+            Parameter::Specific specific;
+            specific.set<Parameter::Specific::equalizer>(eq);
+            expectParam.set<Parameter::specific>(specific);
+            EXPECT_STATUS(expected, mEffect->setParameter(expectParam))
+                    << expectParam.toString() << "\n"
+                    << mDesc.toString();
 
-                // only get if parameter in range and set success
-                if (expected == EX_NONE) {
-                    Parameter getParam;
-                    Parameter::Id id;
-                    Equalizer::Id eqId;
-                    eqId.set<Equalizer::Id::commonTag>(tag);
-                    id.set<Parameter::Id::equalizerTag>(eqId);
-                    // if set success, then get should match
-                    EXPECT_STATUS(expected, effect->getParameter(id, &getParam));
-                    EXPECT_TRUE(isEqParameterExpected(expectParam, getParam));
-                }
+            // only get if parameter in range and set success
+            if (expected == EX_NONE) {
+                Parameter getParam;
+                Parameter::Id id;
+                Equalizer::Id eqId;
+                eqId.set<Equalizer::Id::commonTag>(tag);
+                id.set<Parameter::Id::equalizerTag>(eqId);
+                // if set success, then get should match
+                EXPECT_STATUS(expected, mEffect->getParameter(id, &getParam));
+                EXPECT_TRUE(isEqParameterExpected(expectParam, getParam))
+                        << "\nexpect:" << expectParam.toString()
+                        << "\ngetParam:" << getParam.toString();
             }
-        };
-        EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ForEachEffect(functor));
+        }
     }
 
     bool isEqParameterExpected(const Parameter& expect, const Parameter& target) {
-        // if parameter same, then for sure matched
+        // if parameter same, then for sure they are matched
         if (expect == target) return true;
 
         // if not, see if target include the expect parameter, and others all default (0).
         /*
-            This is verify the case of client setParameter to a single bandLevel ({3, -1} for
-           example), and return of getParameter must be [{0, 0}, {1, 0}, {2, 0}, {3, -1}, {4, 0}]
-        */
+         * This is to verify the case of client setParameter to a single bandLevel ({3, -1} for
+         * example), and return of getParameter must be [{0, 0}, {1, 0}, {2, 0}, {3, -1}, {4, 0}]
+         */
         EXPECT_EQ(expect.getTag(), Parameter::specific);
         EXPECT_EQ(target.getTag(), Parameter::specific);
 
@@ -160,10 +181,16 @@
         switch (eqTag) {
             case Equalizer::bandLevels: {
                 auto expectBl = expectEq.get<Equalizer::bandLevels>();
+                std::sort(expectBl.begin(), expectBl.end(),
+                          [](const auto& a, const auto& b) { return a.index < b.index; });
+                expectBl.erase(std::unique(expectBl.begin(), expectBl.end()), expectBl.end());
                 auto targetBl = targetEq.get<Equalizer::bandLevels>();
                 return std::includes(targetBl.begin(), targetBl.end(), expectBl.begin(),
                                      expectBl.end());
             }
+            case Equalizer::preset: {
+                return expectEq.get<Equalizer::preset>() == targetEq.get<Equalizer::preset>();
+            }
             default:
                 return false;
         }
@@ -173,27 +200,24 @@
     void addPresetParam(int preset) {
         Equalizer eq;
         eq.set<Equalizer::preset>(preset);
-        mTags.push_back({Equalizer::preset, std::make_unique<Equalizer>(std::move(eq))});
+        mTags.push_back({Equalizer::preset, eq});
     }
 
     void addBandLevelsParam(std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel>& bandLevels) {
         Equalizer eq;
         eq.set<Equalizer::bandLevels>(bandLevels);
-        mTags.push_back({Equalizer::bandLevels, std::make_unique<Equalizer>(std::move(eq))});
+        mTags.push_back({Equalizer::bandLevels, eq});
     }
 
-    bool isTagInRange(const Equalizer::Tag& tag, const std::unique_ptr<Equalizer>& eq,
-                      const Descriptor& desc) const {
-        std::cout << "xxx" << toString(tag) << " " << desc.toString();
-        const Equalizer::Capability& eqCap = desc.capability.get<Capability::equalizer>();
+    bool isTagInRange(const Equalizer::Tag& tag, const Equalizer& eq) const {
         switch (tag) {
             case Equalizer::preset: {
-                int index = eq->get<Equalizer::preset>();
-                return isPresetIndexInRange(eqCap, index);
+                int index = eq.get<Equalizer::preset>();
+                return index >= mPresetIndex.first && index <= mPresetIndex.second;
             }
             case Equalizer::bandLevels: {
-                auto& bandLevel = eq->get<Equalizer::bandLevels>();
-                return isBandIndexInRange(eqCap, bandLevel);
+                auto& bandLevel = eq.get<Equalizer::bandLevels>();
+                return isBandInRange(bandLevel);
             }
             default:
                 return false;
@@ -201,78 +225,125 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    bool isPresetIndexInRange(const Equalizer::Capability& cap, int idx) const {
-        const auto [min, max] =
-                std::minmax_element(cap.presets.begin(), cap.presets.end(),
-                                    [](const auto& a, const auto& b) { return a.index < b.index; });
-        return idx >= min->index && idx <= max->index;
-    }
-
-    bool isBandIndexInRange(const Equalizer::Capability& cap,
-                            const std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel>& bandLevel) const {
+    bool isBandInRange(const std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel>& bandLevel) const {
         for (auto& it : bandLevel) {
-            if (!isBandIndexInRange(cap, it.index)) return false;
+            if (it.index < mBandIndex.first || it.index > mBandIndex.second) return false;
         }
         return true;
     }
 
-    bool isBandIndexInRange(const Equalizer::Capability& cap, int idx) const {
-        const auto [min, max] =
-                std::minmax_element(cap.bandFrequencies.begin(), cap.bandFrequencies.end(),
-                                    [](const auto& a, const auto& b) { return a.index < b.index; });
-        return idx >= min->index && idx <= max->index;
+    Parameter::Specific getDefaultParamSpecific() {
+        Equalizer eq = Equalizer::make<Equalizer::preset>(0);
+        Parameter::Specific specific =
+                Parameter::Specific::make<Parameter::Specific::equalizer>(eq);
+        return specific;
     }
 
   private:
-    std::vector<std::pair<Equalizer::Tag, std::unique_ptr<Equalizer>>> mTags;
+    std::vector<std::pair<Equalizer::Tag, Equalizer>> mTags;
 
     bool validCapabilityTag(Capability& cap) { return cap.getTag() == Capability::equalizer; }
 
-    void initParamSpecific() {
-        Equalizer eq;
-        eq.set<Equalizer::preset>(0);
-        Parameter::Specific specific;
-        specific.set<Parameter::Specific::equalizer>(eq);
-        setSpecific(specific);
-    }
-
     void CleanUp() { mTags.clear(); }
 };
 
-TEST_P(EqualizerParamTest, SetAndGetPreset) {
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(addPresetParam(mParamPresetIndex));
-    SetAndGetEqualizerParameters();
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetPresetOutOfLowerBound) {
+    addPresetParam(mPresetIndex.second - 1);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
 }
 
-TEST_P(EqualizerParamTest, SetAndGetSingleBand) {
-    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels;
-    Equalizer::BandLevel bandLevel = {mParamBandIndex, mParamBandLevel};
-    bandLevels.push_back(bandLevel);
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels));
-    SetAndGetEqualizerParameters();
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetPresetOutOfUpperBound) {
+    addPresetParam(mPresetIndex.second + 1);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
+}
+
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetPresetAtLowerBound) {
+    addPresetParam(mPresetIndex.first);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
+}
+
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetPresetAtHigherBound) {
+    addPresetParam(mPresetIndex.second);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
+}
+
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetPresetInBound) {
+    addPresetParam((mPresetIndex.first + mPresetIndex.second) >> 1);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
+}
+
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetBandOutOfLowerBound) {
+    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{{mBandIndex.first - 1, mBandLevel}};
+    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
+}
+
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetBandOutOfUpperBound) {
+    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{{mBandIndex.second + 1, mBandLevel}};
+    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
+}
+
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetBandAtLowerBound) {
+    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{{mBandIndex.first, mBandLevel}};
+    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
+}
+
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetBandAtHigherBound) {
+    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{{mBandIndex.second, mBandLevel}};
+    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
+}
+
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetBandInBound) {
+    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{
+            {(mBandIndex.first + mBandIndex.second) >> 1, mBandLevel}};
+    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
+}
+
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetMultiBands) {
+    addPresetParam(mPresetIndex.first);
+    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{
+            {mBandIndex.first, mBandLevel},
+            {mBandIndex.second, mBandLevel},
+            {(mBandIndex.first + mBandIndex.second) >> 1, mBandLevel}};
+    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
+}
+
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetMultipleParams) {
+    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{
+            {(mBandIndex.first + mBandIndex.second) >> 1, mBandLevel}};
+    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
+    addPresetParam((mPresetIndex.first + mPresetIndex.second) >> 1);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
 }
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
-        EqualizerTest, EqualizerParamTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(
-                testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IFactory::descriptor)),
-                testing::Range(kPresetIndexRange.first, kPresetIndexRange.second),
-                testing::Range(kBandIndexRange.first, kBandIndexRange.second),
-                testing::Range(kBandLevelRange.first, kBandLevelRange.second)),
-        [](const testing::TestParamInfo<EqualizerParamTest::ParamType>& info) {
-            std::string instance = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(info.param);
-            std::string presetIdx = std::to_string(std::get<PARAM_PRESET_INDEX>(info.param));
-            std::string bandIdx = std::to_string(std::get<PARAM_BAND_INDEX>(info.param));
+        EqualizerTest, EqualizerTest,
+        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
+                                   IFactory::descriptor, kEqualizerTypeUUID)),
+                           testing::ValuesIn(kBandLevels)),
+        [](const testing::TestParamInfo<EqualizerTest::ParamType>& info) {
+            auto msSinceEpoch = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(
+                                        std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch())
+                                        .count();
+            auto instance = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(info.param);
             std::string bandLevel = std::to_string(std::get<PARAM_BAND_LEVEL>(info.param));
-
-            std::string name = instance + "_presetIndex" + presetIdx + "_bandIndex" + bandIdx +
-                               "_bandLevel" + bandLevel;
+            std::ostringstream address;
+            address << msSinceEpoch << "_factory_" << instance.first.get();
+            std::string name = address.str() + "_UUID_timeLow_" +
+                               ::android::internal::ToString(instance.second.uuid.timeLow) +
+                               "_timeMid_" +
+                               ::android::internal::ToString(instance.second.uuid.timeMid) +
+                               "_bandLevel_" + bandLevel;
             std::replace_if(
                     name.begin(), name.end(), [](const char c) { return !std::isalnum(c); }, '_');
             return name;
         });
-
-GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(EqualizerParamTest);
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(EqualizerTest);
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalLoudnessEnhancerTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalLoudnessEnhancerTargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1485657
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalLoudnessEnhancerTargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+
+#define LOG_TAG "VtsHalLoudnessEnhancerTest"
+
+#include <Utils.h>
+#include "EffectHelper.h"
+
+using namespace android;
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kLoudnessEnhancerTypeUUID;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::LoudnessEnhancer;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Parameter;
+
+/**
+ * Here we focus on specific parameter checking, general IEffect interfaces testing performed in
+ * VtsAudioEffectTargetTest.
+ */
+enum ParamName { PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME, PARAM_GAIN_MB };
+using LoudnessEnhancerParamTestParam =
+        std::tuple<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor::Identity>, int>;
+
+// Every int 32 bit value is a valid gain, so testing the corner cases and one regular value.
+// TODO : Update the test values once range/capability is updated by implementation.
+const std::vector<int> kGainMbValues = {std::numeric_limits<int>::min(), 100,
+                                        std::numeric_limits<int>::max()};
+
+class LoudnessEnhancerParamTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<LoudnessEnhancerParamTestParam>,
+                                  public EffectHelper {
+  public:
+    LoudnessEnhancerParamTest() : mParamGainMb(std::get<PARAM_GAIN_MB>(GetParam())) {
+        std::tie(mFactory, mIdentity) = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(GetParam());
+    }
+
+    void SetUp() override {
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mFactory);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, mEffect, mIdentity));
+
+        Parameter::Specific specific = getDefaultParamSpecific();
+        Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
+                0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */,
+                kInputFrameCount /* iFrameCount */, kOutputFrameCount /* oFrameCount */);
+        IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(mEffect, common, specific, &ret, EX_NONE));
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mEffect);
+    }
+    void TearDown() override {
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(mEffect));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, mEffect));
+    }
+
+    Parameter::Specific getDefaultParamSpecific() {
+        LoudnessEnhancer le = LoudnessEnhancer::make<LoudnessEnhancer::gainMb>(0);
+        Parameter::Specific specific =
+                Parameter::Specific::make<Parameter::Specific::loudnessEnhancer>(le);
+        return specific;
+    }
+
+    static const long kInputFrameCount = 0x100, kOutputFrameCount = 0x100;
+    std::shared_ptr<IFactory> mFactory;
+    std::shared_ptr<IEffect> mEffect;
+    Descriptor::Identity mIdentity;
+    int mParamGainMb = 0;
+
+    void SetAndGetParameters() {
+        for (auto& it : mTags) {
+            auto& tag = it.first;
+            auto& le = it.second;
+
+            // set parameter
+            Parameter expectParam;
+            Parameter::Specific specific;
+            specific.set<Parameter::Specific::loudnessEnhancer>(le);
+            expectParam.set<Parameter::specific>(specific);
+            // All values are valid, set parameter should succeed
+            EXPECT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->setParameter(expectParam)) << expectParam.toString();
+
+            // get parameter
+            Parameter getParam;
+            Parameter::Id id;
+            LoudnessEnhancer::Id leId;
+            leId.set<LoudnessEnhancer::Id::commonTag>(tag);
+            id.set<Parameter::Id::loudnessEnhancerTag>(leId);
+            EXPECT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getParameter(id, &getParam));
+
+            EXPECT_EQ(expectParam, getParam) << "\nexpect:" << expectParam.toString()
+                                             << "\ngetParam:" << getParam.toString();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void addGainMbParam(int gainMb) {
+        LoudnessEnhancer le;
+        le.set<LoudnessEnhancer::gainMb>(gainMb);
+        mTags.push_back({LoudnessEnhancer::gainMb, le});
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::vector<std::pair<LoudnessEnhancer::Tag, LoudnessEnhancer>> mTags;
+    void CleanUp() { mTags.clear(); }
+};
+
+TEST_P(LoudnessEnhancerParamTest, SetAndGetGainMb) {
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(addGainMbParam(mParamGainMb));
+    SetAndGetParameters();
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        LoudnessEnhancerTest, LoudnessEnhancerParamTest,
+        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
+                                   IFactory::descriptor, kLoudnessEnhancerTypeUUID)),
+                           testing::ValuesIn(kGainMbValues)),
+        [](const testing::TestParamInfo<LoudnessEnhancerParamTest::ParamType>& info) {
+            auto msSinceEpoch = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(
+                                        std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch())
+                                        .count();
+            auto instance = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(info.param);
+            std::string gainMb = std::to_string(std::get<PARAM_GAIN_MB>(info.param));
+
+            std::ostringstream address;
+            address << msSinceEpoch << "_factory_" << instance.first.get();
+            std::string name = address.str() + "_UUID_timeLow_" +
+                               ::android::internal::ToString(instance.second.uuid.timeLow) +
+                               "_timeMid_" +
+                               ::android::internal::ToString(instance.second.uuid.timeMid) +
+                               "_gainMb" + gainMb;
+            std::replace_if(
+                    name.begin(), name.end(), [](const char c) { return !std::isalnum(c); }, '_');
+            return name;
+        });
+
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(LoudnessEnhancerParamTest);
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(1);
+    ABinderProcess_startThreadPool();
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h
index 0ca6a58..98e49a2 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h
@@ -1274,6 +1274,8 @@
         if (!xsd::isTelephonyDevice(address.deviceType)) {
             metadata.source = toString(xsd::AudioSource::AUDIO_SOURCE_UNPROCESSED);
             metadata.channelMask = getConfig().base.channelMask;
+        } else {
+            address.deviceType = toString(xsd::AudioDevice::AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_DEFAULT);
         }
 #if MAJOR_VERSION == 7 && MINOR_VERSION >= 1
         auto flagsIt = std::find(flags.begin(), flags.end(),
diff --git a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/README.md b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/README.md
index 28035de..6bc1829 100644
--- a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/README.md
+++ b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/README.md
@@ -79,6 +79,8 @@
 
 * `make -j TestWakeupClientServer`
 
+* `make -j ApPowerControlLib`
+
 ## How to push the test wakeup client to a TCU which runs Android.
 
 * Make the target device writable:
@@ -97,6 +99,8 @@
 
 * `adb push vendor/bin/TestWakeupClientServer /vendor/bin`
 
+* `adb push vendor/lib/ApPowerControlLib.so /vendor/lib`
+
 * `adb shell`
 
 * `su`
diff --git a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/Android.bp b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/Android.bp
index e978c8c..152b528 100644
--- a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/Android.bp
+++ b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/Android.bp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
         "libutils",
         "libgrpc++",
         "libprotobuf-cpp-full",
+        "//hardware/interfaces/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/lib:ApPowerControlLib",
     ],
     whole_static_libs: [
         "wakeup_client_protos",
diff --git a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/include/TestWakeupClientServiceImpl.h b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/include/TestWakeupClientServiceImpl.h
index 12bd93b..6b86b35 100644
--- a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/include/TestWakeupClientServiceImpl.h
+++ b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/include/TestWakeupClientServiceImpl.h
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
     // A variable to notify server is stopping.
     std::condition_variable mServerStoppedCv;
     // Whether wakeup AP is required for executing tasks.
-    std::atomic<bool> mWakeupRequired = false;
+    std::atomic<bool> mWakeupRequired = true;
     std::mutex mLock;
     bool mServerStopped GUARDED_BY(mLock);
 
diff --git a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/src/TestWakeupClientServiceImpl.cpp b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/src/TestWakeupClientServiceImpl.cpp
index 795265f..7dcd31e 100644
--- a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/src/TestWakeupClientServiceImpl.cpp
+++ b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/src/TestWakeupClientServiceImpl.cpp
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 #include "TestWakeupClientServiceImpl.h"
 
+#include "ApPowerControl.h"
+
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <utils/Looper.h>
@@ -245,8 +247,7 @@
 }
 
 void TestWakeupClientServiceImpl::wakeupApplicationProcessor() {
-    printf("Waking up application processor...\n");
-    // TODO(b/254547153): Send can bus message using socket CAN once we know what the message is.
+    wakeupAp();
 }
 
 }  // namespace remoteaccess
diff --git a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/src/main.cpp b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/src/main.cpp
index 52698b5..d3f519c 100644
--- a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/src/main.cpp
+++ b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/impl/src/main.cpp
@@ -28,20 +28,23 @@
 using ::grpc::ServerBuilder;
 using ::grpc::ServerWriter;
 
-void RunServer() {
-    std::string serverAddress(GRPC_SERVICE_ADDRESS);
+void RunServer(const std::string& serviceAddr) {
     std::shared_ptr<TestWakeupClientServiceImpl> service =
             std::make_unique<TestWakeupClientServiceImpl>();
 
     ServerBuilder builder;
-    builder.AddListeningPort(serverAddress, grpc::InsecureServerCredentials());
+    builder.AddListeningPort(serviceAddr, grpc::InsecureServerCredentials());
     builder.RegisterService(service.get());
     std::unique_ptr<Server> server(builder.BuildAndStart());
-    printf("Test Remote Access GRPC Server listening on %s\n", serverAddress.c_str());
+    printf("Test Remote Access GRPC Server listening on %s\n", serviceAddr.c_str());
     server->Wait();
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    RunServer();
+    std::string serviceAddr = GRPC_SERVICE_ADDRESS;
+    if (argc > 1) {
+        serviceAddr = argv[1];
+    }
+    RunServer(serviceAddr);
     return 0;
 }
diff --git a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/lib/Android.bp b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/lib/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e95f53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/lib/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+soong_namespace {}
+
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+cc_library_shared {
+    name: "ApPowerControlLib",
+    vendor: true,
+    srcs: ["*.cpp"],
+    local_include_dirs: ["."],
+    export_include_dirs: ["."],
+}
diff --git a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/lib/ApPowerControl.cpp b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/lib/ApPowerControl.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..862fed1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/lib/ApPowerControl.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "ApPowerControl.h"
+
+#include <cstdio>
+
+void wakeupAp() {
+    printf("Waking up application processor...\n");
+}
diff --git a/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/lib/ApPowerControl.h b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/lib/ApPowerControl.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9560576
--- /dev/null
+++ b/automotive/remoteaccess/test_grpc_server/lib/ApPowerControl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+// Wakeup application processor if not already waken up.
+void wakeupAp();
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
index 7c8e1f5..9e4f252 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/types.hal
@@ -1632,10 +1632,8 @@
      *
      * The Android properties are:
      *
-     * int32Values[0] : Input code identifying the function representing this event. Valid event
-     *                  types are defined by CustomInputType.CUSTOM_EVENT_F1 up to
-     *                  CustomInputType.CUSTOM_EVENT_F10. They represent the custom event to be
-     *                  defined by OEM partners.
+     * int32Values[0] : Input code identifying the function representing this event. OEMs are free
+     *                  to use any signed 32 bits number to represent the input code value.
      * int32Values[1] : target display type defined in VehicleDisplay. Events not tied to specific
      *                  display must be sent to VehicleDisplay#MAIN.
      * int32Values[2] : repeat counter, if 0 then event is not repeated. Values 1 or above means
@@ -5326,10 +5324,11 @@
  */
 enum CustomInputType : int32_t {
     /**
-     * Ten functions representing the custom input code to be defined and implemented by OEM
-     * partners.
+     * Ten optional function codes to be used in case OEM don't need more than 10 input code values.
      *
-     * OEMs need to formally contact Android team if more than 10 functions are required.
+     * OEMs are free to use any signed 32 bits number to represent the input code value.
+     * The following function keys are only for convenience and any other integer values are
+     * also allowed.
      */
     CUSTOM_EVENT_F1 = 1001,
     CUSTOM_EVENT_F2 = 1002,
diff --git a/common/aidl/Android.bp b/common/aidl/Android.bp
index 43f8c4d..7f6890c 100644
--- a/common/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/common/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
             min_sdk_version: "29",
         },
     },
+    frozen: true,
     versions: [
         "1",
         "2",
diff --git a/common/fmq/aidl/Android.bp b/common/fmq/aidl/Android.bp
index a85597c..95fcc41 100644
--- a/common/fmq/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/common/fmq/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -37,5 +37,6 @@
             min_sdk_version: "29",
         },
     },
+    frozen: true,
     versions: ["1"],
 }
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml
index bbf05cc..cf53a1d 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@
             <regex-instance>[^/]+/[0-9]+</regex-instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.camera.provider</name>
         <version>1</version>
         <interface>
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.graphics.allocator</name>
-        <version>1</version>
+        <version>1-2</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IAllocator</name>
             <instance>default</instance>
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
+    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.graphics.mapper</name>
         <!-- New, non-Go devices should use 4.0, tested in vts_treble_vintf_vendor_test -->
         <version>2.1</version>
@@ -599,9 +599,9 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.secure_element</name>
-        <version>1.0-2</version>
+        <version>1</version>
         <interface>
             <name>ISecureElement</name>
             <regex-instance>eSE[1-9][0-9]*</regex-instance>
diff --git a/current.txt b/current.txt
index afde7b1..146ded6 100644
--- a/current.txt
+++ b/current.txt
@@ -929,4 +929,7 @@
 1bac6a7c8136dfb0414fe5639eec115aa2d12927e64a0642a43fb53225f099b2 android.hardware.wifi@1.6::IWifiStaIface
 0a800e010e8eb6eecdfdc96f04fd2ae2f417a79a74a7c0eec3a9f539199bccd4 android.hardware.wifi@1.6::types
 
+# ABI preserving changes to HALs during Android U
+2aa559cda86c358c6429114ef6bc72c1b43281e98f9eb6b4df5e7073c8d05767 android.hardware.automotive.vehicle@2.0::types
+
 # There will be no more HIDL HALs. Use AIDL instead.
diff --git a/graphics/Android.bp b/graphics/Android.bp
index b48844d..cdd81ed 100644
--- a/graphics/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/Android.bp
@@ -19,14 +19,14 @@
 cc_defaults {
     name: "android.hardware.graphics.allocator-ndk_static",
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator-V1-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator-V2-ndk",
     ],
 }
 
 cc_defaults {
     name: "android.hardware.graphics.allocator-ndk_shared",
     shared_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator-V1-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator-V2-ndk",
     ],
 }
 
diff --git a/graphics/allocator/aidl/Android.bp b/graphics/allocator/aidl/Android.bp
index 272ab48..66a7603 100644
--- a/graphics/allocator/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/allocator/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -14,9 +14,11 @@
         enabled: true,
         support_system_process: true,
     },
+    vndk_use_version: "2",
     srcs: ["android/hardware/graphics/allocator/*.aidl"],
     imports: [
         "android.hardware.common-V2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common-V3",
     ],
     stability: "vintf",
     backend: {
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@
             min_sdk_version: "29",
         },
     },
+    frozen: false,
     versions_with_info: [
         {
             version: "1",
diff --git a/graphics/allocator/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.allocator/current/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/BufferDescriptorInfo.aidl b/graphics/allocator/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.allocator/current/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/BufferDescriptorInfo.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..980e246
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/allocator/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.allocator/current/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/BufferDescriptorInfo.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.hardware.graphics.allocator;
+@VintfStability
+parcelable BufferDescriptorInfo {
+  byte[128] name;
+  int width;
+  int height;
+  int layerCount;
+  android.hardware.graphics.common.PixelFormat format = android.hardware.graphics.common.PixelFormat.UNSPECIFIED;
+  android.hardware.graphics.common.BufferUsage usage = android.hardware.graphics.common.BufferUsage.CPU_READ_NEVER;
+  long reservedSize;
+}
diff --git a/graphics/allocator/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.allocator/current/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/IAllocator.aidl b/graphics/allocator/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.allocator/current/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/IAllocator.aidl
index fe0b0a2..48bef16 100644
--- a/graphics/allocator/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.allocator/current/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/IAllocator.aidl
+++ b/graphics/allocator/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.allocator/current/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/IAllocator.aidl
@@ -34,5 +34,11 @@
 package android.hardware.graphics.allocator;
 @VintfStability
 interface IAllocator {
+  /**
+   * @deprecated As of android.hardware.graphics.allocator-V2, this is deprecated & replaced with allocate2
+   */
   android.hardware.graphics.allocator.AllocationResult allocate(in byte[] descriptor, in int count);
+  android.hardware.graphics.allocator.AllocationResult allocate2(in android.hardware.graphics.allocator.BufferDescriptorInfo descriptor, in int count);
+  boolean isSupported(in android.hardware.graphics.allocator.BufferDescriptorInfo descriptor);
+  String getIMapperLibrarySuffix();
 }
diff --git a/graphics/allocator/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/BufferDescriptorInfo.aidl b/graphics/allocator/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/BufferDescriptorInfo.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ffc50b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/allocator/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/BufferDescriptorInfo.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.graphics.allocator;
+
+import android.hardware.graphics.common.BufferUsage;
+import android.hardware.graphics.common.PixelFormat;
+
+@VintfStability
+parcelable BufferDescriptorInfo {
+    /**
+     * The name of the buffer in ASCII. Useful for debugging/tracing.
+     */
+    byte[128] name;
+
+    /**
+     * The width specifies how many columns of pixels must be in the
+     * allocated buffer, but does not necessarily represent the offset in
+     * columns between the same column in adjacent rows. The rows may be
+     * padded.
+     */
+    int width;
+
+    /**
+     * The height specifies how many rows of pixels must be in the
+     * allocated buffer.
+     */
+    int height;
+
+    /**
+     * The number of image layers that must be in the allocated buffer.
+     */
+    int layerCount;
+
+    /**
+     * Buffer pixel format. See PixelFormat.aidl in graphics/common for
+     * valid values
+     */
+    PixelFormat format = PixelFormat.UNSPECIFIED;
+
+    /**
+     * Buffer usage mask; valid flags can be found in the definition of
+     * BufferUsage.aidl in graphics/common
+     */
+    BufferUsage usage = BufferUsage.CPU_READ_NEVER;
+
+    /**
+     * The size in bytes of the reserved region associated with the buffer.
+     * See getReservedRegion for more information.
+     */
+    long reservedSize;
+}
diff --git a/graphics/allocator/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/IAllocator.aidl b/graphics/allocator/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/IAllocator.aidl
index 92dfd4f..71cebd6 100644
--- a/graphics/allocator/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/IAllocator.aidl
+++ b/graphics/allocator/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/IAllocator.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.graphics.allocator;
 
 import android.hardware.graphics.allocator.AllocationResult;
+import android.hardware.graphics.allocator.BufferDescriptorInfo;
 
 @VintfStability
 interface IAllocator {
@@ -31,6 +32,43 @@
      * @param count The number of buffers to allocate.
      * @return An AllocationResult containing the result of the allocation
      * @throws AllocationError on failure
+     * @deprecated As of android.hardware.graphics.allocator-V2, this is deprecated & replaced with
+     *         allocate2
      */
     AllocationResult allocate(in byte[] descriptor, in int count);
+
+    /**
+     * Allocates buffers with the properties specified by the descriptor.
+     *
+     * Allocations should be optimized for usage bits provided in the
+     * descriptor.
+     *
+     * @param descriptor Properties of the buffers to allocate. This must be
+     *     obtained from IMapper::createDescriptor().
+     * @param count The number of buffers to allocate.
+     * @return An AllocationResult containing the result of the allocation
+     * @throws AllocationError on failure
+     */
+    AllocationResult allocate2(in BufferDescriptorInfo descriptor, in int count);
+
+    /**
+     * Test whether the given BufferDescriptorInfo is allocatable.
+     *
+     * If this function returns true, it means that a buffer with the given
+     * description can be allocated on this implementation, unless resource
+     * exhaustion occurs. If this function returns false, it means that the
+     * allocation of the given description will never succeed.
+     *
+     * @param description the description of the buffer
+     * @return supported whether the description is supported
+     */
+    boolean isSupported(in BufferDescriptorInfo descriptor);
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieve the library suffix to load for the IMapper SP-HAL. This library must implement the
+     * IMapper stable-C interface (android/hardware/graphics/mapper/IMapper.h).
+     *
+     * The library that will attempt to be loaded is "/vendor/lib[64]/hw/mapper.<imapper_suffix>.so"
+     */
+    String getIMapperLibrarySuffix();
 }
diff --git a/graphics/allocator/aidl/vts/Android.bp b/graphics/allocator/aidl/vts/Android.bp
index a38af14..630ab2a 100644
--- a/graphics/allocator/aidl/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/allocator/aidl/vts/Android.bp
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
     ],
     header_libs: [
         "libhwui_internal_headers",
+        "libimapper_stablec",
     ],
     cflags: [
         "-Wall",
diff --git a/graphics/allocator/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsAllocatorAidl_TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/allocator/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsAllocatorAidl_TargetTest.cpp
index 59af5cf..09f1c15 100644
--- a/graphics/allocator/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsAllocatorAidl_TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/allocator/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsAllocatorAidl_TargetTest.cpp
@@ -25,7 +25,10 @@
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/PixelFormat.h>
 #include <aidlcommonsupport/NativeHandle.h>
 #include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/dlext.h>
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/4.0/IMapper.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/IMapper.h>
+#include <dlfcn.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
@@ -33,6 +36,7 @@
 #include <renderthread/EglManager.h>
 #include <utils/GLUtils.h>
 #include <vndk/hardware_buffer.h>
+#include <vndksupport/linker.h>
 #include <initializer_list>
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>
@@ -42,60 +46,70 @@
 using namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common;
 using namespace android;
 using namespace android::hardware;
-using namespace android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V4_0;
+using IMapper4 = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V4_0::IMapper;
+using Error = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V4_0::Error;
+using android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V4_0::BufferDescriptor;
 using android::uirenderer::AutoEglImage;
 using android::uirenderer::AutoGLFramebuffer;
 using android::uirenderer::AutoSkiaGlTexture;
 using android::uirenderer::renderthread::EglManager;
 
-static constexpr uint64_t pack(const std::initializer_list<BufferUsage>& usages) {
-    uint64_t ret = 0;
-    for (const auto u : usages) {
-        ret |= static_cast<uint64_t>(u);
-    }
-    return ret;
+typedef AIMapper_Error (*AIMapper_loadIMapperFn)(AIMapper* _Nullable* _Nonnull outImplementation);
+
+inline BufferUsage operator|(BufferUsage lhs, BufferUsage rhs) {
+    using T = std::underlying_type_t<BufferUsage>;
+    return static_cast<BufferUsage>(static_cast<T>(lhs) | static_cast<T>(rhs));
 }
 
-static constexpr hardware::graphics::common::V1_2::PixelFormat cast(PixelFormat format) {
-    return static_cast<hardware::graphics::common::V1_2::PixelFormat>(format);
+inline BufferUsage& operator|=(BufferUsage& lhs, BufferUsage rhs) {
+    lhs = lhs | rhs;
+    return lhs;
 }
 
+static IMapper4::BufferDescriptorInfo convert(const BufferDescriptorInfo& info) {
+    return IMapper4::BufferDescriptorInfo{
+            .name{reinterpret_cast<const char*>(info.name.data())},
+            .width = static_cast<uint32_t>(info.width),
+            .height = static_cast<uint32_t>(info.height),
+            .layerCount = static_cast<uint32_t>(info.layerCount),
+            .format = static_cast<hardware::graphics::common::V1_2::PixelFormat>(info.format),
+            .usage = static_cast<uint64_t>(info.usage),
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    };
+}
+
+class GraphicsTestsBase;
+
 class BufferHandle {
-    sp<IMapper> mMapper;
+    GraphicsTestsBase& mTestBase;
     native_handle_t* mRawHandle;
     bool mImported = false;
     uint32_t mStride;
-    const IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo mInfo;
+    const BufferDescriptorInfo mInfo;
 
     BufferHandle(const BufferHandle&) = delete;
     void operator=(const BufferHandle&) = delete;
 
   public:
-    BufferHandle(const sp<IMapper> mapper, native_handle_t* handle, bool imported, uint32_t stride,
-                 const IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo& info)
-        : mMapper(mapper), mRawHandle(handle), mImported(imported), mStride(stride), mInfo(info) {}
+    BufferHandle(GraphicsTestsBase& testBase, native_handle_t* handle, bool imported,
+                 uint32_t stride, const BufferDescriptorInfo& info)
+        : mTestBase(testBase),
+          mRawHandle(handle),
+          mImported(imported),
+          mStride(stride),
+          mInfo(info) {}
 
-    ~BufferHandle() {
-        if (mRawHandle == nullptr) return;
-
-        if (mImported) {
-            Error error = mMapper->freeBuffer(mRawHandle);
-            EXPECT_EQ(Error::NONE, error) << "failed to free buffer " << mRawHandle;
-        } else {
-            native_handle_close(mRawHandle);
-            native_handle_delete(mRawHandle);
-        }
-    }
+    ~BufferHandle();
 
     uint32_t stride() const { return mStride; }
 
     AHardwareBuffer_Desc describe() const {
         return {
-                .width = mInfo.width,
-                .height = mInfo.height,
-                .layers = mInfo.layerCount,
+                .width = static_cast<uint32_t>(mInfo.width),
+                .height = static_cast<uint32_t>(mInfo.height),
+                .layers = static_cast<uint32_t>(mInfo.layerCount),
                 .format = static_cast<uint32_t>(mInfo.format),
-                .usage = mInfo.usage,
+                .usage = static_cast<uint64_t>(mInfo.usage),
                 .stride = stride(),
                 .rfu0 = 0,
                 .rfu1 = 0,
@@ -114,25 +128,43 @@
 
 class GraphicsTestsBase {
   private:
+    friend class BufferHandle;
+    int32_t mIAllocatorVersion = 1;
     std::shared_ptr<IAllocator> mAllocator;
-    sp<IMapper> mMapper;
+    sp<IMapper4> mMapper4;
+    AIMapper* mAIMapper = nullptr;
 
   protected:
-    void Initialize(std::string allocatorService, std::string mapperService) {
+    void Initialize(std::string allocatorService) {
         mAllocator = IAllocator::fromBinder(
                 ndk::SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_checkService(allocatorService.c_str())));
-        mMapper = IMapper::getService(mapperService);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mAllocator->getInterfaceVersion(&mIAllocatorVersion).isOk());
+        if (mIAllocatorVersion >= 2) {
+            std::string mapperSuffix;
+            auto status = mAllocator->getIMapperLibrarySuffix(&mapperSuffix);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
+            std::string lib_name = "mapper." + mapperSuffix + ".so";
+            void* so = android_load_sphal_library(lib_name.c_str(), RTLD_LOCAL | RTLD_NOW);
+            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, so) << "Failed to load " << lib_name;
+            auto loadIMapper = (AIMapper_loadIMapperFn)dlsym(so, "AIMapper_loadIMapper");
+            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, loadIMapper) << "AIMapper_locaIMapper missing from " << lib_name;
+            ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, loadIMapper(&mAIMapper));
+            ASSERT_NE(mAIMapper, nullptr);
+        } else {
+            // Don't have IMapper 5, fall back to IMapper 4
+            mMapper4 = IMapper4::getService();
+            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mMapper4.get()) << "failed to get mapper service";
+            ASSERT_FALSE(mMapper4->isRemote()) << "mapper is not in passthrough mode";
+        }
 
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mAllocator.get()) << "failed to get allocator service";
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mMapper.get()) << "failed to get mapper service";
-        ASSERT_FALSE(mMapper->isRemote()) << "mapper is not in passthrough mode";
     }
 
-  public:
-    BufferDescriptor createDescriptor(const IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo& descriptorInfo) {
+  private:
+    BufferDescriptor createDescriptor(const BufferDescriptorInfo& descriptorInfo) {
         BufferDescriptor descriptor;
-        mMapper->createDescriptor(
-                descriptorInfo, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpDescriptor) {
+        mMapper4->createDescriptor(
+                convert(descriptorInfo), [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpDescriptor) {
                     ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, tmpError) << "failed to create descriptor";
                     descriptor = tmpDescriptor;
                 });
@@ -140,14 +172,22 @@
         return descriptor;
     }
 
-    std::unique_ptr<BufferHandle> allocate(const IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo& descriptorInfo) {
-        auto descriptor = createDescriptor(descriptorInfo);
-        if (::testing::Test::HasFatalFailure()) {
-            return nullptr;
-        }
-
+  public:
+    std::unique_ptr<BufferHandle> allocate(const BufferDescriptorInfo& descriptorInfo) {
         AllocationResult result;
-        auto status = mAllocator->allocate(descriptor, 1, &result);
+        ::ndk::ScopedAStatus status;
+        if (mIAllocatorVersion >= 2) {
+            status = mAllocator->allocate2(descriptorInfo, 1, &result);
+        } else {
+            auto descriptor = createDescriptor(descriptorInfo);
+            if (::testing::Test::HasFatalFailure()) {
+                return nullptr;
+            }
+#pragma clang diagnostic push
+#pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wdeprecated-declarations"
+            status = mAllocator->allocate(descriptor, 1, &result);
+#pragma clang diagnostic pop  // deprecation
+        }
         if (!status.isOk()) {
             status_t error = status.getExceptionCode();
             if (error == EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC) {
@@ -158,28 +198,48 @@
             }
             return nullptr;
         } else {
-            return std::make_unique<BufferHandle>(mMapper, dupFromAidl(result.buffers[0]), false,
+            return std::make_unique<BufferHandle>(*this, dupFromAidl(result.buffers[0]), false,
                                                   result.stride, descriptorInfo);
         }
     }
 
-    bool isSupported(const IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo& descriptorInfo) {
+    bool isSupported(const BufferDescriptorInfo& descriptorInfo) {
         bool ret = false;
-        EXPECT_TRUE(mMapper->isSupported(descriptorInfo,
-                                         [&](auto error, bool supported) {
-                                             ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, error);
-                                             ret = supported;
-                                         })
-                            .isOk());
+        if (mIAllocatorVersion >= 2) {
+            EXPECT_TRUE(mAllocator->isSupported(descriptorInfo, &ret).isOk());
+        } else {
+            EXPECT_TRUE(mMapper4->isSupported(convert(descriptorInfo),
+                                              [&](auto error, bool supported) {
+                                                  ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, error);
+                                                  ret = supported;
+                                              })
+                                .isOk());
+        }
         return ret;
     }
 };
 
-class GraphicsAllocatorAidlTests
-    : public GraphicsTestsBase,
-      public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
+BufferHandle::~BufferHandle() {
+    if (mRawHandle == nullptr) return;
+
+    if (mImported) {
+        if (mTestBase.mAIMapper) {
+            AIMapper_Error error = mTestBase.mAIMapper->v5.freeBuffer(mRawHandle);
+            EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, error);
+        } else {
+            Error error = mTestBase.mMapper4->freeBuffer(mRawHandle);
+            EXPECT_EQ(Error::NONE, error) << "failed to free buffer " << mRawHandle;
+        }
+    } else {
+        native_handle_close(mRawHandle);
+        native_handle_delete(mRawHandle);
+    }
+}
+
+class GraphicsAllocatorAidlTests : public GraphicsTestsBase,
+                                   public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
-    void SetUp() override { Initialize(std::get<0>(GetParam()), std::get<1>(GetParam())); }
+    void SetUp() override { Initialize(GetParam()); }
 
     void TearDown() override {}
 };
@@ -191,22 +251,22 @@
 
 class GraphicsFrontBufferTests
     : public GraphicsTestsBase,
-      public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string, FlushMethod>> {
+      public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, FlushMethod>> {
   private:
     EglManager eglManager;
     std::function<void(EglManager&)> flush;
 
   public:
     void SetUp() override {
-        Initialize(std::get<0>(GetParam()), std::get<1>(GetParam()));
-        flush = std::get<2>(GetParam()).func;
+        Initialize(std::get<0>(GetParam()));
+        flush = std::get<1>(GetParam()).func;
         eglManager.initialize();
     }
 
     void TearDown() override { eglManager.destroy(); }
 
     void fillWithGpu(AHardwareBuffer* buffer, float red, float green, float blue, float alpha) {
-        const EGLClientBuffer clientBuffer = eglGetNativeClientBufferANDROID(buffer);
+        EGLClientBuffer clientBuffer = eglGetNativeClientBufferANDROID(buffer);
         AutoEglImage eglImage(eglManager.eglDisplay(), clientBuffer);
         AutoSkiaGlTexture glTexture;
         AutoGLFramebuffer glFbo;
@@ -235,26 +295,14 @@
     }
 };
 
-TEST_P(GraphicsAllocatorAidlTests, CreateDescriptorBasic) {
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(createDescriptor({
-            .name = "CPU_8888",
-            .width = 64,
-            .height = 64,
-            .layerCount = 1,
-            .format = cast(PixelFormat::RGBA_8888),
-            .usage = pack({BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN, BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN}),
-            .reservedSize = 0,
-    }));
-}
-
 TEST_P(GraphicsAllocatorAidlTests, CanAllocate) {
     auto buffer = allocate({
-            .name = "CPU_8888",
+            .name = {"CPU_8888"},
             .width = 64,
             .height = 64,
             .layerCount = 1,
-            .format = cast(PixelFormat::RGBA_8888),
-            .usage = pack({BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN, BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN}),
+            .format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
             .reservedSize = 0,
     });
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer.get());
@@ -262,14 +310,14 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsFrontBufferTests, FrontBufferGpuToCpu) {
-    IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo info{
-            .name = "CPU_8888",
+    BufferDescriptorInfo info{
+            .name = {"CPU_8888"},
             .width = 64,
             .height = 64,
             .layerCount = 1,
-            .format = cast(PixelFormat::RGBA_8888),
-            .usage = pack({BufferUsage::GPU_RENDER_TARGET, BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
-                           BufferUsage::FRONT_BUFFER}),
+            .format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::GPU_RENDER_TARGET | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN |
+                     BufferUsage::FRONT_BUFFER,
             .reservedSize = 0,
     };
     const bool supported = isSupported(info);
@@ -304,14 +352,14 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsFrontBufferTests, FrontBufferGpuToGpu) {
-    IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo info{
-            .name = "CPU_8888",
+    BufferDescriptorInfo info{
+            .name = {"CPU_8888"},
             .width = 64,
             .height = 64,
             .layerCount = 1,
-            .format = cast(PixelFormat::RGBA_8888),
-            .usage = pack({BufferUsage::GPU_RENDER_TARGET, BufferUsage::GPU_TEXTURE,
-                           BufferUsage::FRONT_BUFFER}),
+            .format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::GPU_RENDER_TARGET | BufferUsage::GPU_TEXTURE |
+                     BufferUsage::FRONT_BUFFER,
             .reservedSize = 0,
     };
     const bool supported = isSupported(info);
@@ -344,11 +392,9 @@
 }
 
 GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(GraphicsAllocatorAidlTests);
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        PerInstance, GraphicsAllocatorAidlTests,
-        testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(getAidlHalInstanceNames(IAllocator::descriptor)),
-                         testing::ValuesIn(getAllHalInstanceNames(IMapper::descriptor))),
-        PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(PerInstance, GraphicsAllocatorAidlTests,
+                        testing::ValuesIn(getAidlHalInstanceNames(IAllocator::descriptor)),
+                        PrintInstanceNameToString);
 
 const auto FlushMethodsValues = testing::Values(
         FlushMethod{"glFinish", [](EglManager&) { glFinish(); }},
@@ -362,7 +408,7 @@
                     }},
         FlushMethod{"eglClientWaitSync", [](EglManager& eglManager) {
                         EGLDisplay display = eglManager.eglDisplay();
-                        EGLSyncKHR fence = eglCreateSyncKHR(display, EGL_SYNC_FENCE_KHR, NULL);
+                        EGLSyncKHR fence = eglCreateSyncKHR(display, EGL_SYNC_FENCE_KHR, nullptr);
                         eglClientWaitSyncKHR(display, fence, EGL_SYNC_FLUSH_COMMANDS_BIT_KHR,
                                              EGL_FOREVER_KHR);
                         eglDestroySyncKHR(display, fence);
@@ -371,9 +417,8 @@
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
         PerInstance, GraphicsFrontBufferTests,
         testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(getAidlHalInstanceNames(IAllocator::descriptor)),
-                         testing::ValuesIn(getAllHalInstanceNames(IMapper::descriptor)),
                          FlushMethodsValues),
         [](auto info) -> std::string {
-            std::string name = std::to_string(info.index) + "/" + std::get<2>(info.param).name;
+            std::string name = std::to_string(info.index) + "/" + std::get<1>(info.param).name;
             return Sanitize(name);
-        });
+        });
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/graphics/common/aidl/Android.bp b/graphics/common/aidl/Android.bp
index 40a575d..3fddc9f 100644
--- a/graphics/common/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/common/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
             min_sdk_version: "29",
         },
     },
+    frozen: true,
     versions_with_info: [
         {
             version: "1",
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/aidl/Android.bp
index 9b88d98..56e6ed2 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
         enabled: true,
         support_system_process: true,
     },
+    frozen: true,
     srcs: [
         "android/hardware/graphics/composer3/*.aidl",
     ],
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/stable-c/Android.bp b/graphics/mapper/stable-c/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c03f67e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/mapper/stable-c/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/**
+ * Copyright (c) 2022, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+cc_library_headers {
+    name: "libimapper_stablec",
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    vendor_available: true,
+    header_libs: [
+        "libarect_headers",
+    ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "libarect_headers",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_library_headers {
+    name: "libimapper_providerutils",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    export_include_dirs: ["implutils/include"],
+    header_libs: [
+        "libbase_headers",
+        "libimapper_stablec",
+    ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "libbase_headers",
+        "libimapper_stablec",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "libimapper_providerutils_tests",
+    defaults: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator-ndk_shared",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common-ndk_shared",
+    ],
+    header_libs: [
+        "libimapper_providerutils",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "implutils/impltests.cpp",
+    ],
+    visibility: [":__subpackages__"],
+    cpp_std: "experimental",
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalGraphicsMapperStableC_TargetTest",
+    cpp_std: "experimental",
+    defaults: [
+        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
+        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator-ndk_shared",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common-ndk_shared",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "vts/VtsHalGraphicsMapperStableC_TargetTest.cpp",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "libbase",
+        "libsync",
+        "libvndksupport",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libaidlcommonsupport",
+        "libgralloctypes",
+        "libgtest",
+    ],
+    header_libs: [
+        "libimapper_stablec",
+        "libimapper_providerutils",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Werror",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/stable-c/implutils/impltests.cpp b/graphics/mapper/stable-c/implutils/impltests.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9c5d70b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/mapper/stable-c/implutils/impltests.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/utils/IMapperMetadataTypes.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/utils/IMapperProvider.h>
+#include <vector>
+
+using namespace ::android::hardware::graphics::mapper;
+using namespace ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common;
+
+// These tests are primarily interested in hitting all the different *types* that can be
+// serialized/deserialized than in exhaustively testing all the StandardMetadataTypes.
+// Exhaustive testing of the actual metadata types is relegated for IMapper's VTS suite
+// where meaning & correctness of values are more narrowly defined (eg, read-only values)
+
+TEST(Metadata, setGetBufferId) {
+    using BufferId = StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::BUFFER_ID>::value;
+
+    std::vector<char> buffer;
+    buffer.resize(12, 0);
+    *reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data()) = 42;
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(8, BufferId::encode(18, buffer.data(), 0));
+    EXPECT_EQ(42, *reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data()));
+    EXPECT_EQ(8, BufferId::encode(18, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+    EXPECT_EQ(18, *reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data()));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(BufferId::decode(buffer.data(), 0));
+    auto read = BufferId::decode(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(read.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(18, read.value_or(0));
+}
+
+TEST(Metadata, setGetDataspace) {
+    using DataspaceValue = StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::DATASPACE>::value;
+    using intType = std::underlying_type_t<Dataspace>;
+    std::vector<char> buffer;
+    buffer.resize(12, 0);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(4, DataspaceValue::encode(Dataspace::BT2020, buffer.data(), 0));
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, *reinterpret_cast<intType*>(buffer.data()));
+    EXPECT_EQ(4, DataspaceValue::encode(Dataspace::BT2020, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+    EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<intType>(Dataspace::BT2020), *reinterpret_cast<intType*>(buffer.data()));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(DataspaceValue::decode(buffer.data(), 0));
+    auto read = DataspaceValue::decode(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(Dataspace::BT2020, *read);
+}
+
+TEST(Metadata, setGetValidName) {
+    using NameValue = StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::NAME>::value;
+
+    std::vector<char> buffer;
+    buffer.resize(100, 'a');
+    buffer[buffer.size() - 1] = '\0';
+
+    // len("Hello") + sizeof(int64)
+    constexpr int expectedSize = 5 + sizeof(int64_t);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedSize, NameValue::encode("Hello", buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+    EXPECT_EQ(5, *reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data()));
+    // Verify didn't write past the end of the desired size
+    EXPECT_EQ('a', buffer[expectedSize]);
+
+    auto readValue = NameValue::decode(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(readValue.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(5, readValue->length());
+    EXPECT_EQ("Hello", *readValue);
+}
+
+TEST(Metadata, setGetInvalidName) {
+    using NameValue = StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::NAME>::value;
+
+    std::vector<char> buffer;
+    buffer.resize(12, 'a');
+    buffer[buffer.size() - 1] = '\0';
+
+    // len("This is a long string") + sizeof(int64)
+    constexpr int expectedSize = 21 + sizeof(int64_t);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedSize,
+              NameValue::encode("This is a long string", buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+    EXPECT_EQ(21, *reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data()));
+    // Verify didn't write the too-long string
+    EXPECT_EQ('a', buffer[9]);
+    EXPECT_EQ('\0', buffer[buffer.size() - 1]);
+
+    auto readValue = NameValue::decode(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(readValue.has_value());
+    readValue = NameValue::decode(buffer.data(), 0);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(readValue.has_value());
+}
+
+TEST(Metadata, wouldOverflowName) {
+    using NameValue = StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::NAME>::value;
+    std::vector<char> buffer(100, 0);
+
+    // int_max + sizeof(int64) overflows int32
+    std::string_view bad_string{"badbeef", std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max()};
+    EXPECT_EQ(-AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_VALUE,
+              NameValue::encode(bad_string, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+
+    // check barely overflows
+    bad_string = std::string_view{"badbeef", std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max() - 7};
+    EXPECT_EQ(-AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_VALUE,
+              NameValue::encode(bad_string, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+}
+
+TEST(Metadata, setGetCompression) {
+    using CompressionValue = StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::COMPRESSION>::value;
+    ExtendableType myCompression{"bestest_compression_ever", 42};
+    std::vector<char> buffer(100, '\0');
+    const int expectedSize = myCompression.name.length() + sizeof(int64_t) + sizeof(int64_t);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedSize, CompressionValue::encode(myCompression, buffer.data(), 0));
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, buffer[0]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedSize, CompressionValue::encode(myCompression, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+    EXPECT_EQ(myCompression.name.length(), *reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data()));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(CompressionValue::decode(buffer.data(), 0).has_value());
+    auto read = CompressionValue::decode(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(myCompression, read.value());
+}
+
+TEST(Metadata, setGetPlaneLayout) {
+    using PlaneLayoutValue = StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PLANE_LAYOUTS>::value;
+    PlaneLayout myPlaneLayout;
+    myPlaneLayout.offsetInBytes = 10;
+    myPlaneLayout.sampleIncrementInBits = 11;
+    myPlaneLayout.strideInBytes = 12;
+    myPlaneLayout.widthInSamples = 13;
+    myPlaneLayout.heightInSamples = 14;
+    myPlaneLayout.totalSizeInBytes = 15;
+    myPlaneLayout.horizontalSubsampling = 16;
+    myPlaneLayout.verticalSubsampling = 17;
+
+    myPlaneLayout.components.resize(3);
+    for (int i = 0; i < myPlaneLayout.components.size(); i++) {
+        auto& it = myPlaneLayout.components[i];
+        it.type = ExtendableType{"Plane ID", 40 + i};
+        it.offsetInBits = 20 + i;
+        it.sizeInBits = 30 + i;
+    }
+
+    std::vector<PlaneLayout> layouts{myPlaneLayout, PlaneLayout{}};
+
+    std::vector<char> buffer(5000, '\0');
+    constexpr int componentSize = 8 + (4 * sizeof(int64_t));
+    constexpr int firstLayoutSize = (8 + 1) * sizeof(int64_t) + (3 * componentSize);
+    constexpr int secondLayoutSize = (8 + 1) * sizeof(int64_t);
+    constexpr int expectedSize = firstLayoutSize + secondLayoutSize + sizeof(int64_t);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedSize, PlaneLayoutValue::encode(layouts, buffer.data(), 0));
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, buffer[0]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedSize, PlaneLayoutValue::encode(layouts, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+    EXPECT_EQ(3, reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data())[1]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(8, reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data())[2]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(40, reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data())[4]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(31, reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data())[11]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(22, reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data())[15]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(10, reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data())[17]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(11, reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data())[18]);
+    EXPECT_FALSE(PlaneLayoutValue::decode(buffer.data(), 0).has_value());
+    auto read = PlaneLayoutValue::decode(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(layouts, *read);
+}
+
+TEST(Metadata, setGetRects) {
+    using RectsValue = StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::CROP>::value;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(500, 0);
+    std::vector<Rect> cropRects{2};
+    cropRects[0] = Rect{10, 11, 12, 13};
+    cropRects[1] = Rect{20, 21, 22, 23};
+
+    constexpr int expectedSize = sizeof(int64_t) + (8 * sizeof(int32_t));
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedSize, RectsValue::encode(cropRects, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+    EXPECT_EQ(2, reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(buffer.data())[0]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(10, reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(buffer.data())[2]);
+    auto read = RectsValue::decode(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(cropRects.size(), read->size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(cropRects, *read);
+}
+
+TEST(Metadata, setGetSmpte2086) {
+    using Smpte2086Value = StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::SMPTE2086>::value;
+    Smpte2086 source;
+    source.minLuminance = 12.335f;
+    source.maxLuminance = 452.889f;
+    source.whitePoint = XyColor{-6.f, -9.f};
+    source.primaryRed = XyColor{.1f, .2f};
+    source.primaryGreen = XyColor{.3f, .4f};
+    source.primaryBlue = XyColor{.5f, .6f};
+
+    constexpr int expectedSize = 10 * sizeof(float);
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(500, 0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedSize, Smpte2086Value::encode(source, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+    auto read = Smpte2086Value::decode(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read.has_value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read->has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(source, read->value());
+
+    // A valid encoding of a nullopt
+    read = Smpte2086Value::decode(nullptr, 0);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read.has_value());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(read->has_value());
+}
+
+TEST(Metadata, setGetCta861_3) {
+    using Cta861_3Value = StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::CTA861_3>::value;
+    Cta861_3 source;
+    source.maxFrameAverageLightLevel = 244.55f;
+    source.maxContentLightLevel = 202.202f;
+
+    constexpr int expectedSize = 2 * sizeof(float);
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(500, 0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedSize, Cta861_3Value::encode(source, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+    auto read = Cta861_3Value::decode(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read.has_value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read->has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(source, read->value());
+
+    // A valid encoding of a nullopt
+    read = Cta861_3Value::decode(nullptr, 0);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read.has_value());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(read->has_value());
+}
+
+TEST(Metadata, setGetSmpte2094_10) {
+    using SMPTE2094_10Value = StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::SMPTE2094_10>::value;
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(500, 0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, SMPTE2094_10Value::encode(std::nullopt, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+    auto read = SMPTE2094_10Value::decode(buffer.data(), 0);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read.has_value());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(read->has_value());
+
+    const std::vector<uint8_t> emptyBuffer;
+    EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(int64_t),
+              SMPTE2094_10Value::encode(emptyBuffer, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+    read = SMPTE2094_10Value::decode(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read.has_value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read->has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, read->value().size());
+
+    const std::vector<uint8_t> simpleBuffer{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
+    EXPECT_EQ(sizeof(int64_t) + 6,
+              SMPTE2094_10Value::encode(simpleBuffer, buffer.data(), buffer.size()));
+    read = SMPTE2094_10Value::decode(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read.has_value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(read->has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(6, read->value().size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(simpleBuffer, read->value());
+}
+
+TEST(MetadataProvider, bufferId) {
+    using BufferId = StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::BUFFER_ID>::value;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buffer(500, 0);
+    int result = provideStandardMetadata(StandardMetadataType::BUFFER_ID, buffer.data(),
+                                         buffer.size(), []<StandardMetadataType T>(auto&& provide) {
+                                             if constexpr (T == StandardMetadataType::BUFFER_ID) {
+                                                 return provide(42);
+                                             }
+                                             return 0;
+                                         });
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(8, result);
+    auto read = BufferId::decode(buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(42, read.value_or(0));
+}
+
+TEST(MetadataProvider, allJumpsWork) {
+    const auto& values = ndk::internal::enum_values<StandardMetadataType>;
+    auto get = [](StandardMetadataType type) -> int {
+        return provideStandardMetadata(type, nullptr, 0, []<StandardMetadataType T>(auto&&) {
+            return static_cast<int>(T) + 100;
+        });
+    };
+
+    for (auto& type : values) {
+        const int expected = type == StandardMetadataType::INVALID ? -AIMAPPER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED
+                                                                   : static_cast<int>(type) + 100;
+        EXPECT_EQ(expected, get(type));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(MetadataProvider, invalid) {
+    int result = provideStandardMetadata(StandardMetadataType::INVALID, nullptr, 0,
+                                         []<StandardMetadataType T>(auto&&) { return 10; });
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(-AIMAPPER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, result);
+}
+
+TEST(MetadataProvider, outOfBounds) {
+    int result = provideStandardMetadata(static_cast<StandardMetadataType>(-1), nullptr, 0,
+                                         []<StandardMetadataType T>(auto&&) { return 10; });
+    EXPECT_EQ(-AIMAPPER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, result) << "-1 should have resulted in UNSUPPORTED";
+
+    result = provideStandardMetadata(static_cast<StandardMetadataType>(100), nullptr, 0,
+                                     []<StandardMetadataType T>(auto&&) { return 10; });
+    EXPECT_EQ(-AIMAPPER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, result)
+            << "100 (out of range) should have resulted in UNSUPPORTED";
+}
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/stable-c/implutils/include/android/hardware/graphics/mapper/utils/IMapperMetadataTypes.h b/graphics/mapper/stable-c/implutils/include/android/hardware/graphics/mapper/utils/IMapperMetadataTypes.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7861af8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/mapper/stable-c/implutils/include/android/hardware/graphics/mapper/utils/IMapperMetadataTypes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,576 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/BlendMode.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/BufferUsage.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/Cta861_3.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/Dataspace.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/ExtendableType.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/PixelFormat.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/PlaneLayout.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/PlaneLayoutComponent.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/Rect.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/Smpte2086.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/StandardMetadataType.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/XyColor.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/IMapper.h>
+
+#include <cinttypes>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <type_traits>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace android::hardware::graphics::mapper {
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BlendMode;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::Cta861_3;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::Dataspace;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::ExtendableType;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::PixelFormat;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::PlaneLayout;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::PlaneLayoutComponent;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::Rect;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::Smpte2086;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::StandardMetadataType;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::XyColor;
+
+class MetadataWriter {
+  private:
+    uint8_t* _Nonnull mDest;
+    size_t mSizeRemaining = 0;
+    int32_t mDesiredSize = 0;
+
+    void* _Nullable reserve(size_t sizeToWrite) {
+        if (mDesiredSize < 0) {
+            // Error state
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        if (__builtin_add_overflow(mDesiredSize, sizeToWrite, &mDesiredSize)) {
+            // Overflowed, abort writing any further data
+            mDesiredSize = -AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_VALUE;
+            mSizeRemaining = 0;
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        if (sizeToWrite > mSizeRemaining) {
+            mSizeRemaining = 0;
+            return nullptr;
+        } else {
+            mSizeRemaining -= sizeToWrite;
+            uint8_t* whereToWrite = mDest;
+            mDest += sizeToWrite;
+            return whereToWrite;
+        }
+    }
+
+  public:
+    explicit MetadataWriter(void* _Nullable destBuffer, size_t destBufferSize)
+        : mDest(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(destBuffer)), mSizeRemaining(destBufferSize) {}
+
+    int32_t desiredSize() const { return mDesiredSize; }
+
+    template <typename T, typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_integral_v<T>>>
+    MetadataWriter& write(T value) {
+        auto sizeToWrite = sizeof(T);
+        if (void* dest = reserve(sizeToWrite)) {
+            memcpy(dest, &value, sizeToWrite);
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    MetadataWriter& write(float value) {
+        auto sizeToWrite = sizeof(float);
+        if (void* dest = reserve(sizeToWrite)) {
+            memcpy(dest, &value, sizeToWrite);
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    MetadataWriter& write(const std::string_view& value) {
+        auto sizeToWrite = value.length();
+        write<int64_t>(sizeToWrite);
+        if (void* dest = reserve(sizeToWrite)) {
+            memcpy(dest, value.data(), sizeToWrite);
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    MetadataWriter& write(const std::vector<uint8_t>& value) {
+        auto sizeToWrite = value.size();
+        write<int64_t>(sizeToWrite);
+        if (void* dest = reserve(sizeToWrite)) {
+            memcpy(dest, value.data(), sizeToWrite);
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    MetadataWriter& write(const ExtendableType& value) {
+        return write(value.name).write(value.value);
+    }
+
+    MetadataWriter& write(const XyColor& value) { return write(value.x).write(value.y); }
+};
+
+class MetadataReader {
+  private:
+    const uint8_t* _Nonnull mSrc;
+    size_t mSizeRemaining = 0;
+    bool mOk = true;
+
+    const void* _Nullable advance(size_t size) {
+        if (mOk && mSizeRemaining >= size) {
+            const void* buf = mSrc;
+            mSrc += size;
+            mSizeRemaining -= size;
+            return buf;
+        }
+        mOk = false;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+  public:
+    explicit MetadataReader(const void* _Nonnull metadata, size_t metadataSize)
+        : mSrc(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(metadata)), mSizeRemaining(metadataSize) {}
+
+    [[nodiscard]] size_t remaining() const { return mSizeRemaining; }
+    [[nodiscard]] bool ok() const { return mOk; }
+
+    template <typename T, typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_integral_v<T>>>
+    MetadataReader& read(T& dest) {
+        if (const void* src = advance(sizeof(T))) {
+            memcpy(&dest, src, sizeof(T));
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    MetadataReader& read(float& dest) {
+        if (const void* src = advance(sizeof(float))) {
+            memcpy(&dest, src, sizeof(float));
+        }
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    MetadataReader& read(std::string& dest) {
+        dest = readString();
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    MetadataReader& read(ExtendableType& dest) {
+        dest.name = readString();
+        read(dest.value);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    MetadataReader& read(XyColor& dest) {
+        read(dest.x);
+        read(dest.y);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    template <typename T, typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_integral_v<T>>>
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<T> readInt() {
+        auto sizeToRead = sizeof(T);
+        if (const void* src = advance(sizeof(T))) {
+            T ret;
+            memcpy(&ret, src, sizeToRead);
+            return ret;
+        }
+        return std::nullopt;
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::string_view readString() {
+        auto lengthOpt = readInt<int64_t>();
+        if (!lengthOpt) {
+            return std::string_view{};
+        }
+        size_t length = lengthOpt.value();
+        if (const void* src = advance(length)) {
+            return std::string_view{reinterpret_cast<const char*>(src), length};
+        }
+        return std::string_view{};
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::optional<ExtendableType> readExtendable() {
+        ExtendableType ret;
+        ret.name = readString();
+        auto value = readInt<int64_t>();
+        if (value) {
+            ret.value = value.value();
+            return ret;
+        } else {
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<uint8_t> readBuffer() {
+        std::vector<uint8_t> ret;
+        size_t length = readInt<int64_t>().value_or(0);
+        if (const void* src = advance(length)) {
+            ret.resize(length);
+            memcpy(ret.data(), src, length);
+        }
+        return ret;
+    }
+};
+
+template <typename T, class Enable = void>
+struct MetadataValue {};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct MetadataValue<T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_integral_v<T>>> {
+    [[nodiscard]] static int32_t encode(T value, void* _Nullable destBuffer,
+                                        size_t destBufferSize) {
+        return MetadataWriter{destBuffer, destBufferSize}.write(value).desiredSize();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::optional<T> decode(const void* _Nonnull metadata,
+                                                 size_t metadataSize) {
+        return MetadataReader{metadata, metadataSize}.readInt<T>();
+    }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct MetadataValue<T, std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum_v<T>>> {
+    [[nodiscard]] static int32_t encode(T value, void* _Nullable destBuffer,
+                                        size_t destBufferSize) {
+        return MetadataWriter{destBuffer, destBufferSize}
+                .write(static_cast<std::underlying_type_t<T>>(value))
+                .desiredSize();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::optional<T> decode(const void* _Nonnull metadata,
+                                                 size_t metadataSize) {
+        std::underlying_type_t<T> temp;
+        return MetadataReader{metadata, metadataSize}.read(temp).ok()
+                       ? std::optional<T>(static_cast<T>(temp))
+                       : std::nullopt;
+    }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct MetadataValue<std::string> {
+    [[nodiscard]] static int32_t encode(const std::string_view& value, void* _Nullable destBuffer,
+                                        size_t destBufferSize) {
+        return MetadataWriter{destBuffer, destBufferSize}.write(value).desiredSize();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::optional<std::string> decode(const void* _Nonnull metadata,
+                                                           size_t metadataSize) {
+        auto reader = MetadataReader{metadata, metadataSize};
+        auto result = reader.readString();
+        return reader.ok() ? std::optional<std::string>{result} : std::nullopt;
+    }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct MetadataValue<ExtendableType> {
+    static_assert(sizeof(int64_t) == sizeof(ExtendableType::value));
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static int32_t encode(const ExtendableType& value, void* _Nullable destBuffer,
+                                        size_t destBufferSize) {
+        return MetadataWriter{destBuffer, destBufferSize}.write(value).desiredSize();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] static std::optional<ExtendableType> decode(const void* _Nonnull metadata,
+                                                              size_t metadataSize) {
+        return MetadataReader{metadata, metadataSize}.readExtendable();
+    }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct MetadataValue<std::vector<PlaneLayout>> {
+    [[nodiscard]] static int32_t encode(const std::vector<PlaneLayout>& values,
+                                        void* _Nullable destBuffer, size_t destBufferSize) {
+        MetadataWriter writer{destBuffer, destBufferSize};
+        writer.write<int64_t>(values.size());
+        for (const auto& value : values) {
+            writer.write<int64_t>(value.components.size());
+            for (const auto& component : value.components) {
+                writer.write(component.type)
+                        .write<int64_t>(component.offsetInBits)
+                        .write<int64_t>(component.sizeInBits);
+            }
+            writer.write<int64_t>(value.offsetInBytes)
+                    .write<int64_t>(value.sampleIncrementInBits)
+                    .write<int64_t>(value.strideInBytes)
+                    .write<int64_t>(value.widthInSamples)
+                    .write<int64_t>(value.heightInSamples)
+                    .write<int64_t>(value.totalSizeInBytes)
+                    .write<int64_t>(value.horizontalSubsampling)
+                    .write<int64_t>(value.verticalSubsampling);
+        }
+        return writer.desiredSize();
+    }
+
+    using DecodeResult = std::optional<std::vector<PlaneLayout>>;
+    [[nodiscard]] static DecodeResult decode(const void* _Nonnull metadata, size_t metadataSize) {
+        std::vector<PlaneLayout> values;
+        MetadataReader reader{metadata, metadataSize};
+        auto numPlanes = reader.readInt<int64_t>().value_or(0);
+        values.reserve(numPlanes);
+        for (int i = 0; i < numPlanes && reader.ok(); i++) {
+            PlaneLayout& value = values.emplace_back();
+            auto numPlaneComponents = reader.readInt<int64_t>().value_or(0);
+            value.components.reserve(numPlaneComponents);
+            for (int i = 0; i < numPlaneComponents && reader.ok(); i++) {
+                PlaneLayoutComponent& component = value.components.emplace_back();
+                reader.read(component.type)
+                        .read<int64_t>(component.offsetInBits)
+                        .read<int64_t>(component.sizeInBits);
+            }
+            reader.read<int64_t>(value.offsetInBytes)
+                    .read<int64_t>(value.sampleIncrementInBits)
+                    .read<int64_t>(value.strideInBytes)
+                    .read<int64_t>(value.widthInSamples)
+                    .read<int64_t>(value.heightInSamples)
+                    .read<int64_t>(value.totalSizeInBytes)
+                    .read<int64_t>(value.horizontalSubsampling)
+                    .read<int64_t>(value.verticalSubsampling);
+        }
+        return reader.ok() ? DecodeResult{std::move(values)} : std::nullopt;
+    }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct MetadataValue<std::vector<Rect>> {
+    [[nodiscard]] static int32_t encode(const std::vector<Rect>& value, void* _Nullable destBuffer,
+                                        size_t destBufferSize) {
+        MetadataWriter writer{destBuffer, destBufferSize};
+        writer.write<int64_t>(value.size());
+        for (auto& rect : value) {
+            writer.write<int32_t>(rect.left)
+                    .write<int32_t>(rect.top)
+                    .write<int32_t>(rect.right)
+                    .write<int32_t>(rect.bottom);
+        }
+        return writer.desiredSize();
+    }
+
+    using DecodeResult = std::optional<std::vector<Rect>>;
+    [[nodiscard]] static DecodeResult decode(const void* _Nonnull metadata, size_t metadataSize) {
+        MetadataReader reader{metadata, metadataSize};
+        std::vector<Rect> value;
+        auto numRects = reader.readInt<int64_t>().value_or(0);
+        value.reserve(numRects);
+        for (int i = 0; i < numRects && reader.ok(); i++) {
+            Rect& rect = value.emplace_back();
+            reader.read<int32_t>(rect.left)
+                    .read<int32_t>(rect.top)
+                    .read<int32_t>(rect.right)
+                    .read<int32_t>(rect.bottom);
+        }
+        return reader.ok() ? DecodeResult{std::move(value)} : std::nullopt;
+    }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct MetadataValue<std::optional<Smpte2086>> {
+    [[nodiscard]] static int32_t encode(const std::optional<Smpte2086>& optValue,
+                                        void* _Nullable destBuffer, size_t destBufferSize) {
+        if (optValue.has_value()) {
+            const auto& value = *optValue;
+            return MetadataWriter{destBuffer, destBufferSize}
+                    .write(value.primaryRed)
+                    .write(value.primaryGreen)
+                    .write(value.primaryBlue)
+                    .write(value.whitePoint)
+                    .write(value.maxLuminance)
+                    .write(value.minLuminance)
+                    .desiredSize();
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Double optional because the value type itself is an optional<>
+    using DecodeResult = std::optional<std::optional<Smpte2086>>;
+    [[nodiscard]] static DecodeResult decode(const void* _Nullable metadata, size_t metadataSize) {
+        std::optional<Smpte2086> optValue{std::nullopt};
+        if (metadataSize > 0) {
+            Smpte2086 value;
+            MetadataReader reader{metadata, metadataSize};
+            reader.read(value.primaryRed)
+                    .read(value.primaryGreen)
+                    .read(value.primaryBlue)
+                    .read(value.whitePoint)
+                    .read(value.maxLuminance)
+                    .read(value.minLuminance);
+            if (reader.ok()) {
+                optValue = std::move(value);
+            } else {
+                return std::nullopt;
+            }
+        }
+        return DecodeResult{std::move(optValue)};
+    }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct MetadataValue<std::optional<Cta861_3>> {
+    [[nodiscard]] static int32_t encode(const std::optional<Cta861_3>& optValue,
+                                        void* _Nullable destBuffer, size_t destBufferSize) {
+        if (optValue.has_value()) {
+            const auto& value = *optValue;
+            return MetadataWriter{destBuffer, destBufferSize}
+                    .write(value.maxContentLightLevel)
+                    .write(value.maxFrameAverageLightLevel)
+                    .desiredSize();
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Double optional because the value type itself is an optional<>
+    using DecodeResult = std::optional<std::optional<Cta861_3>>;
+    [[nodiscard]] static DecodeResult decode(const void* _Nullable metadata, size_t metadataSize) {
+        std::optional<Cta861_3> optValue{std::nullopt};
+        if (metadataSize > 0) {
+            MetadataReader reader{metadata, metadataSize};
+            Cta861_3 value;
+            reader.read(value.maxContentLightLevel).read(value.maxFrameAverageLightLevel);
+            if (reader.ok()) {
+                optValue = std::move(value);
+            } else {
+                return std::nullopt;
+            }
+        }
+        return DecodeResult{std::move(optValue)};
+    }
+};
+
+template <>
+struct MetadataValue<std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>> {
+    [[nodiscard]] static int32_t encode(const std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>& value,
+                                        void* _Nullable destBuffer, size_t destBufferSize) {
+        if (!value.has_value()) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+        return MetadataWriter{destBuffer, destBufferSize}.write(*value).desiredSize();
+    }
+
+    using DecodeResult = std::optional<std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>>;
+    [[nodiscard]] static DecodeResult decode(const void* _Nonnull metadata, size_t metadataSize) {
+        std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>> optValue;
+        if (metadataSize > 0) {
+            MetadataReader reader{metadata, metadataSize};
+            auto value = reader.readBuffer();
+            if (reader.ok()) {
+                optValue = std::move(value);
+            } else {
+                return std::nullopt;
+            }
+        }
+        return DecodeResult{std::move(optValue)};
+    }
+};
+
+template <StandardMetadataType>
+struct StandardMetadata {};
+
+#define DEFINE_TYPE(name, typeArg)                                                            \
+    template <>                                                                               \
+    struct StandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::name> {                                     \
+        using value_type = typeArg;                                                           \
+        using value = MetadataValue<value_type>;                                              \
+        static_assert(                                                                        \
+                StandardMetadataType::name ==                                                 \
+                        ndk::internal::enum_values<StandardMetadataType>[static_cast<size_t>( \
+                                StandardMetadataType::name)],                                 \
+                "StandardMetadataType must have equivalent value to index");                  \
+    }
+
+DEFINE_TYPE(BUFFER_ID, uint64_t);
+DEFINE_TYPE(NAME, std::string);
+DEFINE_TYPE(WIDTH, uint64_t);
+DEFINE_TYPE(HEIGHT, uint64_t);
+DEFINE_TYPE(LAYER_COUNT, uint64_t);
+DEFINE_TYPE(PIXEL_FORMAT_REQUESTED, PixelFormat);
+DEFINE_TYPE(PIXEL_FORMAT_FOURCC, uint32_t);
+DEFINE_TYPE(PIXEL_FORMAT_MODIFIER, uint64_t);
+DEFINE_TYPE(USAGE, BufferUsage);
+DEFINE_TYPE(ALLOCATION_SIZE, uint64_t);
+DEFINE_TYPE(PROTECTED_CONTENT, uint64_t);
+DEFINE_TYPE(COMPRESSION, ExtendableType);
+DEFINE_TYPE(INTERLACED, ExtendableType);
+DEFINE_TYPE(CHROMA_SITING, ExtendableType);
+DEFINE_TYPE(PLANE_LAYOUTS, std::vector<PlaneLayout>);
+DEFINE_TYPE(CROP, std::vector<Rect>);
+DEFINE_TYPE(DATASPACE, Dataspace);
+DEFINE_TYPE(BLEND_MODE, BlendMode);
+DEFINE_TYPE(SMPTE2086, std::optional<Smpte2086>);
+DEFINE_TYPE(CTA861_3, std::optional<Cta861_3>);
+DEFINE_TYPE(SMPTE2094_10, std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>);
+DEFINE_TYPE(SMPTE2094_40, std::optional<std::vector<uint8_t>>);
+
+#undef DEFINE_TYPE
+
+template <typename F, std::size_t... I>
+void invokeWithStandardMetadata(F&& f, StandardMetadataType type, std::index_sequence<I...>) {
+    // Setup the jump table, mapping from each type to a springboard that invokes the template
+    // function with the appropriate concrete type
+    using F_PTR = decltype(&f);
+    using THUNK = void (*)(F_PTR);
+    static constexpr auto jump = std::array<THUNK, sizeof...(I)>{[](F_PTR fp) {
+        constexpr StandardMetadataType type = ndk::internal::enum_values<StandardMetadataType>[I];
+        if constexpr (type != StandardMetadataType::INVALID) {
+            (*fp)(StandardMetadata<type>{});
+        }
+    }...};
+
+    auto index = static_cast<size_t>(type);
+    if (index >= 0 && index < jump.size()) {
+        jump[index](&f);
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename F, typename StandardMetadataSequence = std::make_index_sequence<
+                              ndk::internal::enum_values<StandardMetadataType>.size()>>
+int32_t provideStandardMetadata(StandardMetadataType type, void* _Nullable destBuffer,
+                                size_t destBufferSize, F&& f) {
+    int32_t retVal = -AIMAPPER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
+    invokeWithStandardMetadata(
+            [&]<StandardMetadataType T>(StandardMetadata<T>) {
+                retVal = f.template operator()<T>(
+                        [&](const typename StandardMetadata<T>::value_type& value) -> int32_t {
+                            return StandardMetadata<T>::value::encode(value, destBuffer,
+                                                                      destBufferSize);
+                        });
+            },
+            type, StandardMetadataSequence{});
+    return retVal;
+}
+
+template <typename F, typename StandardMetadataSequence = std::make_index_sequence<
+                              ndk::internal::enum_values<StandardMetadataType>.size()>>
+AIMapper_Error applyStandardMetadata(StandardMetadataType type, const void* _Nonnull metadata,
+                                     size_t metadataSize, F&& f) {
+    AIMapper_Error retVal = AIMAPPER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
+    invokeWithStandardMetadata(
+            [&]<StandardMetadataType T>(StandardMetadata<T>) {
+                auto value = StandardMetadata<T>::value::decode(metadata, metadataSize);
+                if (value.has_value()) {
+                    retVal = f.template operator()<T>(std::move(*value));
+                } else {
+                    retVal = AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_VALUE;
+                }
+            },
+            type, StandardMetadataSequence{});
+    return retVal;
+}
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::graphics::mapper
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/stable-c/implutils/include/android/hardware/graphics/mapper/utils/IMapperProvider.h b/graphics/mapper/stable-c/implutils/include/android/hardware/graphics/mapper/utils/IMapperProvider.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..957fdc9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/mapper/stable-c/implutils/include/android/hardware/graphics/mapper/utils/IMapperProvider.h
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/IMapper.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include <mutex>
+#include <optional>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+/**
+ * Helper utilities for providing an IMapper-StableC implementation.
+ */
+
+namespace vendor::mapper {
+
+/**
+ * Extend from this interface to provide Version 5 of the IMapper interface
+ */
+struct IMapperV5Impl {
+    static const auto version = AIMAPPER_VERSION_5;
+    virtual ~IMapperV5Impl() = default;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error importBuffer(const native_handle_t* _Nonnull handle,
+                                        buffer_handle_t _Nullable* _Nonnull outBufferHandle) = 0;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error freeBuffer(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer) = 0;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error getTransportSize(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                            uint32_t* _Nonnull outNumFds,
+                                            uint32_t* _Nonnull outNumInts) = 0;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error lock(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer, uint64_t cpuUsage,
+                                ARect accessRegion, int acquireFence,
+                                void* _Nullable* _Nonnull outData) = 0;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error unlock(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer, int* _Nonnull releaseFence) = 0;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error flushLockedBuffer(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer) = 0;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error rereadLockedBuffer(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer) = 0;
+
+    virtual int32_t getMetadata(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer, AIMapper_MetadataType metadataType,
+                                void* _Nullable destBuffer, size_t destBufferSize) = 0;
+
+    virtual int32_t getStandardMetadata(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                        int64_t standardMetadataType, void* _Nullable destBuffer,
+                                        size_t destBufferSize) = 0;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error setMetadata(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                       AIMapper_MetadataType metadataType,
+                                       const void* _Nonnull metadata, size_t metadataSize) = 0;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error setStandardMetadata(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                               int64_t standardMetadataType,
+                                               const void* _Nonnull metadata,
+                                               size_t metadataSize) = 0;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error listSupportedMetadataTypes(
+            const AIMapper_MetadataTypeDescription* _Nullable* _Nonnull outDescriptionList,
+            size_t* _Nonnull outNumberOfDescriptions) = 0;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error dumpBuffer(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull bufferHandle,
+                                      AIMapper_DumpBufferCallback _Nonnull dumpBufferCallback,
+                                      void* _Null_unspecified context) = 0;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error dumpAllBuffers(
+            AIMapper_BeginDumpBufferCallback _Nonnull beginDumpBufferCallback,
+            AIMapper_DumpBufferCallback _Nonnull dumpBufferCallback,
+            void* _Null_unspecified context) = 0;
+
+    virtual AIMapper_Error getReservedRegion(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                             void* _Nullable* _Nonnull outReservedRegion,
+                                             uint64_t* _Nonnull outReservedSize) = 0;
+};
+
+namespace provider {
+#ifndef __cpp_inline_variables
+#error "Only C++17 & newer is supported; inline variables is missing"
+#endif
+
+inline void* _Nullable sIMapperInstance = nullptr;
+}  // namespace provider
+
+template <typename IMPL>
+class IMapperProvider {
+  private:
+    static_assert(IMPL::version >= AIMAPPER_VERSION_5, "Must be at least AIMAPPER_VERSION_5");
+    static_assert(std::is_final_v<IMPL>, "Implementation must be final");
+    static_assert(std::is_constructible_v<IMPL>, "Implementation must have a no-args constructor");
+
+    std::once_flag mLoadOnceFlag;
+    std::optional<IMPL> mImpl;
+    AIMapper mMapper = {};
+
+    static IMPL& impl() {
+        return *reinterpret_cast<IMapperProvider<IMPL>*>(provider::sIMapperInstance)->mImpl;
+    }
+
+    void bindV5() {
+        mMapper.v5 = {
+                .importBuffer = [](const native_handle_t* _Nonnull handle,
+                                   buffer_handle_t _Nullable* _Nonnull outBufferHandle)
+                        -> AIMapper_Error { return impl().importBuffer(handle, outBufferHandle); },
+
+                .freeBuffer = [](buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer) -> AIMapper_Error {
+                    return impl().freeBuffer(buffer);
+                },
+
+                .getTransportSize = [](buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                       uint32_t* _Nonnull outNumFds,
+                                       uint32_t* _Nonnull outNumInts) -> AIMapper_Error {
+                    return impl().getTransportSize(buffer, outNumFds, outNumInts);
+                },
+
+                .lock = [](buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer, uint64_t cpuUsage, ARect accessRegion,
+                           int acquireFence, void* _Nullable* _Nonnull outData) -> AIMapper_Error {
+                    return impl().lock(buffer, cpuUsage, accessRegion, acquireFence, outData);
+                },
+
+                .unlock = [](buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer, int* _Nonnull releaseFence)
+                        -> AIMapper_Error { return impl().unlock(buffer, releaseFence); },
+
+                .flushLockedBuffer = [](buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer) -> AIMapper_Error {
+                    return impl().flushLockedBuffer(buffer);
+                },
+
+                .rereadLockedBuffer = [](buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer) -> AIMapper_Error {
+                    return impl().rereadLockedBuffer(buffer);
+                },
+
+                .getMetadata = [](buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                  AIMapper_MetadataType metadataType, void* _Nullable destBuffer,
+                                  size_t destBufferSize) -> int32_t {
+                    return impl().getMetadata(buffer, metadataType, destBuffer, destBufferSize);
+                },
+
+                .getStandardMetadata = [](buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                          int64_t standardMetadataType, void* _Nullable destBuffer,
+                                          size_t destBufferSize) -> int32_t {
+                    return impl().getStandardMetadata(buffer, standardMetadataType, destBuffer,
+                                                      destBufferSize);
+                },
+
+                .setMetadata = [](buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                  AIMapper_MetadataType metadataType, const void* _Nonnull metadata,
+                                  size_t metadataSize) -> AIMapper_Error {
+                    return impl().setMetadata(buffer, metadataType, metadata, metadataSize);
+                },
+
+                .setStandardMetadata =
+                        [](buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer, int64_t standardMetadataType,
+                           const void* _Nonnull metadata, size_t metadataSize) -> AIMapper_Error {
+                    return impl().setStandardMetadata(buffer, standardMetadataType, metadata,
+                                                      metadataSize);
+                },
+
+                .listSupportedMetadataTypes =
+                        [](const AIMapper_MetadataTypeDescription* _Nullable* _Nonnull outDescriptionList,
+                           size_t* _Nonnull outNumberOfDescriptions) -> AIMapper_Error {
+                    return impl().listSupportedMetadataTypes(outDescriptionList,
+                                                             outNumberOfDescriptions);
+                },
+
+                .dumpBuffer = [](buffer_handle_t _Nonnull bufferHandle,
+                                 AIMapper_DumpBufferCallback _Nonnull dumpBufferCallback,
+                                 void* _Null_unspecified context) -> AIMapper_Error {
+                    return impl().dumpBuffer(bufferHandle, dumpBufferCallback, context);
+                },
+
+                .dumpAllBuffers =
+                        [](AIMapper_BeginDumpBufferCallback _Nonnull beginDumpBufferCallback,
+                           AIMapper_DumpBufferCallback _Nonnull dumpBufferCallback,
+                           void* _Null_unspecified context) {
+                            return impl().dumpAllBuffers(beginDumpBufferCallback,
+                                                         dumpBufferCallback, context);
+                        },
+
+                .getReservedRegion = [](buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                        void* _Nullable* _Nonnull outReservedRegion,
+                                        uint64_t* _Nonnull outReservedSize) -> AIMapper_Error {
+                    return impl().getReservedRegion(buffer, outReservedRegion, outReservedSize);
+                },
+        };
+    }
+
+  public:
+    explicit IMapperProvider() = default;
+
+    AIMapper_Error load(AIMapper* _Nullable* _Nonnull outImplementation) {
+        std::call_once(mLoadOnceFlag, [this] {
+            LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(provider::sIMapperInstance != nullptr,
+                                "AIMapper implementation already loaded!");
+            provider::sIMapperInstance = this;
+            mImpl.emplace();
+            mMapper.version = IMPL::version;
+            if (IMPL::version >= AIMAPPER_VERSION_5) {
+                bindV5();
+            }
+        });
+        *outImplementation = &mMapper;
+        return AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE;
+    }
+};
+
+}  // namespace vendor::mapper
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/stable-c/include/android/hardware/graphics/mapper/IMapper.h b/graphics/mapper/stable-c/include/android/hardware/graphics/mapper/IMapper.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f27b0f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/mapper/stable-c/include/android/hardware/graphics/mapper/IMapper.h
@@ -0,0 +1,689 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/**
+ *  IMapper Stable-C HAL interface
+ *
+ *  This file represents the sphal interface between libui & the IMapper HAL implementation.
+ *  A vendor implementation of this interface is retrieved by looking up the vendor imapper
+ *  implementation library via the IAllocator AIDL interface.
+ *
+ *  This interface is not intended for general use.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <sys/cdefs.h>
+#include <cinttypes>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include <android/rect.h>
+#include <cutils/native_handle.h>
+
+__BEGIN_DECLS
+
+/**
+ * AIMapper versioning
+ *
+ * IMapper versions 0-1 are pre-treble
+ * IMapper versions 2-4 are HIDL
+ * C-style AIMapper API starts at 5
+ */
+enum AIMapper_Version : uint32_t {
+    AIMAPPER_VERSION_5 = 5,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Possible AIMapper errors
+ * Values are the same as IMapper 4.0's Error type for simplicity
+ */
+enum AIMapper_Error : int32_t {
+    /**
+     * No error.
+     */
+    AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE = 0,
+    /**
+     * Invalid BufferDescriptor.
+     */
+    AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_DESCRIPTOR = 1,
+    /**
+     * Invalid buffer handle.
+     */
+    AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER = 2,
+    /**
+     * Invalid HardwareBufferDescription.
+     */
+    AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_VALUE = 3,
+    /**
+     * Resource unavailable.
+     */
+    AIMAPPER_ERROR_NO_RESOURCES = 5,
+    /**
+     * Permanent failure.
+     */
+    AIMAPPER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED = 7,
+};
+
+/**
+ * MetadataType represents the different types of buffer metadata that could be
+ * associated with a buffer. It is used by IMapper to help get and set buffer metadata
+ * on the buffer's native handle.
+ *
+ * Standard buffer metadata will have the name field set to
+ * "android.hardware.graphics.common.StandardMetadataType" and will contain values
+ * from StandardMetadataType.aidl.
+ *
+ * Vendor-provided metadata should be prefixed with a "vendor.mycompanyname.*" namespace. It is
+ * recommended that the metadata follows the pattern of StandardMetadaType.aidl. That is, an
+ * aidl-defined enum with @VendorStability on it and the naming then matching that type such
+ * as "vendor.mycompanyname.graphics.common.MetadataType" with the value field then set to the
+ * aidl's enum value.
+ *
+ * Each company should create their own enum & namespace. The name
+ * field prevents values from different companies from colliding.
+ */
+typedef struct AIMapper_MetadataType {
+    const char* _Nonnull name;
+    int64_t value;
+} AIMapper_MetadataType;
+
+typedef struct AIMapper_MetadataTypeDescription {
+    /**
+     * The `name` of the metadataType must be valid for the lifetime of the process
+     */
+    AIMapper_MetadataType metadataType;
+    /**
+     * description should contain a string representation of the MetadataType.
+     *
+     * For example: "MyExampleMetadataType is a 64-bit timestamp in nanoseconds
+     * that indicates when a buffer is decoded. It is set by the media HAL after
+     * a buffer is decoded. It is used by the display HAL for hardware
+     * synchronization".
+     *
+     * This field is required for any non-StandardMetadataTypes. For StandardMetadataTypes this
+     * field may be null. The lifetime of this pointer must be valid for the duration of the
+     * process (that is, a static const char*).
+     */
+    const char* _Nullable description;
+    /**
+     * isGettable represents if the MetadataType can be get.
+     */
+    bool isGettable;
+    /**
+     * isSettable represents if the MetadataType can be set.
+     */
+    bool isSettable;
+
+    /** Reserved for future use; must be zero-initialized currently */
+    uint8_t reserved[32];
+} AIMapper_MetadataTypeDescription;
+
+/**
+ * Callback that is passed to dumpBuffer.
+ *
+ * @param context The caller-provided void* that was passed to dumpBuffer.
+ * @param metadataType The type of the metadata passed to the callback
+ * @param value A pointer to the value of the metadata. The lifetime of this pointer is only
+ *              valid for the duration of the call
+ * @param valueSize The size of the value buffer.
+ */
+typedef void (*AIMapper_DumpBufferCallback)(void* _Null_unspecified context,
+                                            AIMapper_MetadataType metadataType,
+                                            const void* _Nonnull value, size_t valueSize);
+
+/**
+ * Callback that is passed to dumpAllBuffers.
+ *
+ * Indicates that a buffer is about to be dumped. Will be followed by N calls to
+ * AIMapper_DumpBufferCallback for all the metadata for this buffer.
+ *
+ * @param context The caller-provided void* that was passed to dumpAllBuffers.
+ */
+typedef void (*AIMapper_BeginDumpBufferCallback)(void* _Null_unspecified context);
+
+/**
+ * Implementation of AIMAPPER_VERSION_5
+ * All functions must not be null & must provide a valid implementation.
+ */
+typedef struct AIMapperV5 {
+    /**
+     * Imports a raw buffer handle to create an imported buffer handle for use
+     * with the rest of the mapper or with other in-process libraries.
+     *
+     * A buffer handle is considered raw when it is cloned (e.g., with
+     * `native_handle_clone()`) from another buffer handle locally, or when it
+     * is received from another HAL server/client or another process. A raw
+     * buffer handle must not be used to access the underlying graphic
+     * buffer. It must be imported to create an imported handle first.
+     *
+     * This function must at least validate the raw handle before creating the
+     * imported handle. It must also support importing the same raw handle
+     * multiple times to create multiple imported handles. The imported handle
+     * must be considered valid everywhere in the process, including in
+     * another instance of the mapper.
+     *
+     * Because of passthrough HALs, a raw buffer handle received from a HAL
+     * may actually have been imported in the process. importBuffer() must treat
+     * such a handle as if it is raw and must not return `BAD_BUFFER`. The
+     * returned handle is independent from the input handle as usual, and
+     * freeBuffer() must be called on it when it is no longer needed.
+     *
+     * @param handle Raw buffer handle to import.
+     * @param outBufferHandle The resulting imported buffer handle.
+     * @return Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `BAD_BUFFER` if the raw handle is invalid.
+     *     - `NO_RESOURCES` if the raw handle cannot be imported due to
+     *       unavailability of resources.
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull importBuffer)(const native_handle_t* _Nonnull handle,
+                                            buffer_handle_t _Nullable* _Nonnull outBufferHandle);
+
+    /**
+     * Frees a buffer handle. Buffer handles returned by importBuffer() must be
+     * freed with this function when no longer needed.
+     *
+     * This function must free up all resources allocated by importBuffer() for
+     * the imported handle. For example, if the imported handle was created
+     * with `native_handle_create()`, this function must call
+     * `native_handle_close()` and `native_handle_delete()`.
+     *
+     * @param buffer Imported buffer handle.
+     * @return error Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `BAD_BUFFER` if the buffer is invalid.
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull freeBuffer)(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer);
+
+    /**
+     * Calculates the transport size of a buffer. An imported buffer handle is a
+     * raw buffer handle with the process-local runtime data appended. This
+     * function, for example, allows a caller to omit the process-local runtime
+     * data at the tail when serializing the imported buffer handle.
+     *
+     * Note that a client might or might not omit the process-local runtime data
+     * when sending an imported buffer handle. The mapper must support both
+     * cases on the receiving end.
+     *
+     * @param buffer Buffer to get the transport size from.
+     * @param outNumFds The number of file descriptors needed for transport.
+     * @param outNumInts The number of integers needed for transport.
+     * @return error Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `BAD_BUFFER` if the buffer is invalid.
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull getTransportSize)(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                                uint32_t* _Nonnull outNumFds,
+                                                uint32_t* _Nonnull outNumInts);
+
+    /**
+     * Locks the given buffer for the specified CPU usage.
+     *
+     * Locking the same buffer simultaneously from multiple threads is
+     * permitted, but if any of the threads attempt to lock the buffer for
+     * writing, the behavior is undefined, except that it must not cause
+     * process termination or block the client indefinitely. Leaving the
+     * buffer content in an indeterminate state or returning an error are both
+     * acceptable.
+     *
+     * 1D buffers (width = size in bytes, height = 1, pixel_format = BLOB) must
+     * "lock in place". The buffers must be directly accessible via mapping.
+     *
+     * The client must not modify the content of the buffer outside of
+     * @p accessRegion, and the device need not guarantee that content outside
+     * of @p accessRegion is valid for reading. The result of reading or writing
+     * outside of @p accessRegion is undefined, except that it must not cause
+     * process termination.
+     *
+     * An accessRegion of all-zeros means the entire buffer. That is, it is
+     * equivalent to '(0,0)-(buffer width, buffer height)'.
+     *
+     * This function can lock both single-planar and multi-planar formats. The caller
+     * should use get() to get information about the buffer they are locking.
+     * get() can be used to get information about the planes, offsets, stride,
+     * etc.
+     *
+     * This function must also work on buffers with
+     * `AHARDWAREBUFFER_FORMAT_Y8Cb8Cr8_*` if supported by the device, as well
+     * as with any other formats requested by multimedia codecs when they are
+     * configured with a flexible-YUV-compatible color format.
+     *
+     * On success, @p data must be filled with a pointer to the locked buffer
+     * memory. This address will represent the top-left corner of the entire
+     * buffer, even if @p accessRegion does not begin at the top-left corner.
+     *
+     * The locked buffer must adhere to the format requested at allocation time
+     * in the BufferDescriptorInfo.
+     *
+     * @param buffer Buffer to lock.
+     * @param cpuUsage CPU usage flags to request. See BufferUsage.aidl for possible values.
+     * @param accessRegion Portion of the buffer that the client intends to
+     *     access.
+     * @param acquireFence Handle containing a file descriptor referring to a
+     *     sync fence object, which will be signaled when it is safe for the
+     *     mapper to lock the buffer. @p acquireFence may be an empty fence (-1) if
+     *     it is already safe to lock. Ownership is passed to the callee and it is the
+     *     implementations responsibility to ensure it is closed even when an error
+     *     occurs.
+     * @param outData CPU-accessible pointer to the buffer data.
+     * @return error Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `BAD_BUFFER` if the buffer is invalid or is incompatible with this
+     *       function.
+     *     - `BAD_VALUE` if @p cpuUsage is 0, contains non-CPU usage flags, or
+     *       is incompatible with the buffer. Also if the @p accessRegion is
+     *       outside the bounds of the buffer or the accessRegion is invalid.
+     *     - `NO_RESOURCES` if the buffer cannot be locked at this time. Note
+     *       that locking may succeed at a later time.
+     * @return data CPU-accessible pointer to the buffer data.
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull lock)(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer, uint64_t cpuUsage,
+                                    ARect accessRegion, int acquireFence,
+                                    void* _Nullable* _Nonnull outData);
+
+    /**
+     * Unlocks a buffer to indicate all CPU accesses to the buffer have
+     * completed.
+     *
+     * @param buffer Buffer to unlock.
+     * @param releaseFence Handle containing a file descriptor referring to a
+     *     sync fence object. The sync fence object will be signaled when the
+     *     mapper has completed any pending work. @p releaseFence may be an
+     *     empty fence (-1).
+     * @return error Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `BAD_BUFFER` if the buffer is invalid or not locked.
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull unlock)(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer, int* _Nonnull releaseFence);
+
+    /**
+     * Flushes the contents of a locked buffer.
+     *
+     * This function flushes the CPUs caches for the range of all the buffer's
+     * planes and metadata. This should behave similarly to unlock() except the
+     * buffer should remain mapped to the CPU.
+     *
+     * The client is still responsible for calling unlock() when it is done
+     * with all CPU accesses to the buffer.
+     *
+     * If non-CPU blocks are simultaneously writing the buffer, the locked
+     * copy should still be flushed but what happens is undefined except that
+     * it should not cause any crashes.
+     *
+     * @param buffer Buffer to flush.
+     * @return error Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `BAD_BUFFER` if the buffer is invalid or not locked.
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull flushLockedBuffer)(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer);
+
+    /**
+     * Rereads the contents of a locked buffer.
+     *
+     * This should fetch the most recent copy of the locked buffer.
+     *
+     * It may reread locked copies of the buffer in other processes.
+     *
+     * The client is still responsible for calling unlock() when it is done
+     * with all CPU accesses to the buffer.
+     *
+     * @param buffer Buffer to reread.
+     * @return error Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `BAD_BUFFER` if the buffer is invalid or not locked.
+     *     - `NO_RESOURCES` if the buffer cannot be reread at this time. Note
+     *       that rereading may succeed at a later time.
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull rereadLockedBuffer)(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer);
+
+    /**
+     * Description for get(...), set(...) and getFromBufferDescriptorInfo(...)
+     *
+     * ------------ Overview -----------------------------------
+     * Gralloc 4 adds support for getting and setting buffer metadata on a buffer.
+     *
+     * To get buffer metadata, the client passes in a buffer handle and a token that
+     * represents the type of buffer metadata they would like to get. IMapper returns
+     * a byte stream that contains the buffer metadata. To set the buffer metadata, the
+     * client passes in a buffer handle and a token that represents the type of buffer
+     * metadata they would like to set and a byte stream that contains the buffer metadata
+     * they are setting.
+     *
+     * Buffer metadata is global for a buffer. When the metadata is set on the buffer
+     * in a process, the updated metadata should be available to all other processes.
+     * Please see "Storing and Propagating Metadata" below for more details.
+     *
+     * The getter and setter functions have been optimized for easy vendor extension.
+     * They do not require a formal extension to add support for getting and setting
+     * vendor defined buffer metadata. See "Buffer Metadata Token" and
+     * "Buffer Metadata Stream" below for more details.
+     *
+     * ------------ Storing and Propagating Metadata -----------
+     * Buffer metadata must be global. Any changes to the metadata must be propagated
+     * to all other processes immediately. Vendors may chose how they would like support
+     * this functionality.
+     *
+     * We recommend supporting this functionality by allocating an extra page of shared
+     * memory and storing it in the buffer's native_handle_t. The buffer metadata can
+     * be stored in the extra page of shared memory. Set operations are automatically
+     * propagated to all other processes.
+     *
+     * ------------ Buffer Metadata Synchronization ------------
+     * There are no explicit buffer metadata synchronization primitives. Many devices
+     * before gralloc 4 already support getting and setting of global buffer metadata
+     * with no explicit synchronization primitives. Adding synchronization primitives
+     * would just add unnecessary complexity.
+     *
+     * The general rule is if a process has permission to write to a buffer, they
+     * have permission to write to the buffer's writable metadata. If a process has permission
+     * to read from a buffer, they have permission to read the buffer's metadata.
+     *
+     * There is one exception to this rule. Fences CANNOT be used to protect a buffer's
+     * metadata. A process should finish writing to a buffer's metadata before
+     * sending the buffer to another process that will read or write to the buffer.
+     * This exception is needed because sometimes userspace needs to read the
+     * buffer's metadata before the buffer's contents are ready.
+     *
+     * As a simple example: an app renders to a buffer and then displays the buffer.
+     * In this example when the app renders to the buffer, both the buffer and its
+     * metadata need to be updated. The app's process queues up its work on the GPU
+     * and gets back an acquire fence. The app's process must update the buffer's
+     * metadata before enqueuing the buffer to SurfaceFlinger. The app process CANNOT
+     * update the buffer's metadata after enqueuing the buffer. When HardwareComposer
+     * receives the buffer, it is immediately safe to read the buffer's metadata
+     * and use it to program the display driver. To read the buffer's contents,
+     * display driver must still wait on the acquire fence.
+     *
+     * ------------ Buffer Metadata Token ----------------------
+     * In order to allow arbitrary vendor defined metadata, the token used to access
+     * metadata is defined defined as a struct that has a string representing
+     * the enum type and an int that represents the enum value. The string protects
+     * different enum values from colliding.
+     *
+     * The token struct (MetadataType) is defined as a C struct since it
+     * is passed into a C function. The standard buffer metadata types are NOT
+     * defined as a C enum but instead as an AIDL enum to allow for broader usage across
+     * other HALs and libraries. By putting the enum in the
+     * stable AIDL (hardware/interfaces/graphics/common/aidl/android/hardware/
+     * graphics/common/StandardMetadataType.aidl), vendors will be able to optionally
+     * choose to support future standard buffer metadata types without upgrading
+     * IMapper versions. For more information see the description of "struct MetadataType".
+     *
+     * ------------ Buffer Metadata Stream ---------------------
+     * The buffer metadata is get and set as a void* buffer. By getting
+     * and setting buffer metadata as a generic buffer, vendors can use the standard
+     * getters and setter functions defined here. Vendors do NOT need to add their own
+     * getters and setter functions for each new type of buffer metadata.
+     *
+     * Converting buffer metadata into a byte stream can be non-trivial. For the standard
+     * buffer metadata types defined in StandardMetadataType.aidl, there are also
+     * support functions that will encode the buffer metadata into a byte stream
+     * and decode the buffer metadata from a byte stream. We STRONGLY recommend using
+     * these support functions. The framework will use them when getting and setting
+     * metadata. The support functions are defined in
+     * frameworks/native/libs/gralloc/types/include/gralloctypes/Gralloc4.h.
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the buffer metadata for a given MetadataType.
+     *
+     * Buffer metadata can be changed after allocation so clients should avoid "caching"
+     * the buffer metadata. For example, if the video resolution changes and the buffers
+     * are not reallocated, several buffer metadata values may change without warning.
+     * Clients should not expect the values to be constant. They should requery them every
+     * frame. The only exception is buffer metadata that is determined at allocation
+     * time. For StandardMetadataType values, only BUFFER_ID, NAME, WIDTH,
+     * HEIGHT, LAYER_COUNT, PIXEL_FORMAT_REQUESTED and USAGE are safe to cache because
+     * they are determined at allocation time.
+     *
+     * @param buffer Buffer containing desired metadata
+     * @param metadataType MetadataType for the metadata value being queried
+     * @param destBuffer Pointer to a buffer in which to store the result of the get() call; if
+     * null, the computed output size or error must still be returned.
+     * @param destBufferSize How large the destBuffer buffer is. If destBuffer is null this must be
+     * 0.
+     * @return The number of bytes written to `destBuffer` or which would have been written
+     *         if `destBufferSize` was large enough.
+     *         A negative value indicates an error, which may be
+     *         - `BAD_BUFFER` if the raw handle is invalid.
+     *         - `UNSUPPORTED` when metadataType is unknown/unsupported.
+     *            IMapper must support getting all StandardMetadataType.aidl values defined
+     *            at the time the device first launches.
+     */
+    int32_t (*_Nonnull getMetadata)(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                    AIMapper_MetadataType metadataType, void* _Nullable destBuffer,
+                                    size_t destBufferSize);
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the buffer metadata for a StandardMetadataType.
+     *
+     * This is equivalent to `getMetadata` when passed an AIMapper_MetadataType with name
+     * set to "android.hardware.graphics.common.StandardMetadataType"
+     *
+     * Buffer metadata can be changed after allocation so clients should avoid "caching"
+     * the buffer metadata. For example, if the video resolution changes and the buffers
+     * are not reallocated, several buffer metadata values may change without warning.
+     * Clients should not expect the values to be constant. They should requery them every
+     * frame. The only exception is buffer metadata that is determined at allocation
+     * time. For StandardMetadataType values, only BUFFER_ID, NAME, WIDTH,
+     * HEIGHT, LAYER_COUNT, PIXEL_FORMAT_REQUESTED and USAGE are safe to cache because
+     * they are determined at allocation time.
+     *
+     * @param buffer Buffer containing desired metadata
+     * @param standardMetadataType StandardMetadataType for the metadata value being queried
+     * @param destBuffer Pointer to a buffer in which to store the result of the get() call; if
+     * null, the computed output size or error must still be returned.
+     * @param destBufferSize How large the destBuffer buffer is. If destBuffer is null this must be
+     * 0.
+     * @return The number of bytes written to `destBuffer` or which would have been written
+     *         if `destBufferSize` was large enough.
+     *         A negative value indicates an error, which may be
+     *         - `BAD_BUFFER` if the raw handle is invalid.
+     *         - `UNSUPPORTED` when metadataType is unknown/unsupported.
+     *            IMapper must support getting all StandardMetadataType.aidl values defined
+     *            at the time the device first launches.
+     */
+    int32_t (*_Nonnull getStandardMetadata)(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                            int64_t standardMetadataType,
+                                            void* _Nullable destBuffer, size_t destBufferSize);
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the global value for a given MetadataType.
+     *
+     * Metadata fields are not required to be settable. This function can
+     * return Error::UNSUPPORTED whenever it doesn't support setting a
+     * particular Metadata field.
+     *
+     * The framework will attempt to set the following StandardMetadataType
+     * values: DATASPACE, SMPTE2086, CTA861_3, SMPTE2094_40 and BLEND_MODE.
+     * We require everyone to support setting those fields. If a device's Composer
+     * implementation supports a field, it should be supported here. Over time these
+     * metadata fields will be moved out of Composer/BufferQueue/etc. and into the
+     * buffer's Metadata fields.
+     *
+     * @param buffer Buffer receiving desired metadata
+     * @param metadataType MetadataType for the metadata value being set
+     * @param metadata Pointer to a buffer of bytes representing the value associated with
+     * @param metadataSize The size of the metadata buffer
+     * @return error Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `BAD_BUFFER` if the raw handle is invalid.
+     *     - `BAD_VALUE` when the field is constant and can never be set (such as
+     *       BUFFER_ID, NAME, WIDTH, HEIGHT, LAYER_COUNT, PIXEL_FORMAT_REQUESTED and
+     *       USAGE)
+     *     - `NO_RESOURCES` if the set cannot be fulfilled due to unavailability of
+     *        resources.
+     *     - `UNSUPPORTED` when metadataType is unknown/unsupported or setting
+     *       it is unsupported. Unsupported should also be returned if the metadata
+     *       is malformed.
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull setMetadata)(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                           AIMapper_MetadataType metadataType,
+                                           const void* _Nonnull metadata, size_t metadataSize);
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the global value for a given MetadataType.
+     *
+     * This is equivalent to `setMetadata` when passed an AIMapper_MetadataType with name
+     * set to "android.hardware.graphics.common.StandardMetadataType"
+     *
+     * Metadata fields are not required to be settable. This function can
+     * return Error::UNSUPPORTED whenever it doesn't support setting a
+     * particular Metadata field.
+     *
+     * The framework will attempt to set the following StandardMetadataType
+     * values: DATASPACE, SMPTE2086, CTA861_3, SMPTE2094_40 and BLEND_MODE.
+     * We require everyone to support setting those fields. If a device's Composer
+     * implementation supports a field, it should be supported here. Over time these
+     * metadata fields will be moved out of Composer/BufferQueue/etc. and into the
+     * buffer's Metadata fields.
+     *
+     * @param buffer Buffer receiving desired metadata
+     * @param standardMetadataType StandardMetadataType for the metadata value being set
+     * @param metadata Pointer to a buffer of bytes representing the value associated with
+     * @param metadataSize The size of the metadata buffer
+     * @return error Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `BAD_BUFFER` if the raw handle is invalid.
+     *     - `BAD_VALUE` when the field is constant and can never be set (such as
+     *       BUFFER_ID, NAME, WIDTH, HEIGHT, LAYER_COUNT, PIXEL_FORMAT_REQUESTED and
+     *       USAGE)
+     *     - `NO_RESOURCES` if the set cannot be fulfilled due to unavailability of
+     *        resources.
+     *     - `UNSUPPORTED` when metadataType is unknown/unsupported or setting
+     *       it is unsupported. Unsupported should also be returned if the metadata
+     *       is malformed.
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull setStandardMetadata)(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                                   int64_t standardMetadataType,
+                                                   const void* _Nonnull metadata,
+                                                   size_t metadataSize);
+
+    /**
+     * Lists all the MetadataTypes supported by IMapper as well as a description
+     * of each supported MetadataType. For StandardMetadataTypes, the description
+     * string can be left empty.
+     *
+     * This list is expected to be static & thus the returned array must be valid for the
+     * lifetime of the process.
+     *
+     * @param outDescriptionList The list of descriptions
+     * @param outNumberOfDescriptions How many descriptions are in `outDescriptionList`
+     * @return error Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `UNSUPPORTED` if there's any error
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull listSupportedMetadataTypes)(
+            const AIMapper_MetadataTypeDescription* _Nullable* _Nonnull outDescriptionList,
+            size_t* _Nonnull outNumberOfDescriptions);
+
+    /**
+     * Dumps a buffer's metadata.
+     *
+     * @param buffer The buffer to dump the metadata for
+     * @param dumpBufferCallback Callback that will be invoked for each of the metadata fields
+     * @param context A caller-provided context to be passed to the dumpBufferCallback
+     * @return error Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `BAD_BUFFER` if the raw handle is invalid.
+     *     - `NO_RESOURCES` if the get cannot be fulfilled due to unavailability of
+     *       resources.
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull dumpBuffer)(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                          AIMapper_DumpBufferCallback _Nonnull dumpBufferCallback,
+                                          void* _Null_unspecified context);
+
+    /**
+     * Dump the metadata for all imported buffers in the current process
+     *
+     * The HAL implementation should invoke beginDumpCallback before dumping a buffer's metadata,
+     * followed by N calls to dumpBufferCallback for that buffer's metadata fields. The call
+     * sequence should follow this pseudocode:
+     *
+     * for (auto buffer : gListOfImportedBuffers) {
+     *    beginDumpCallback(context);
+     *    for (auto metadata : buffer->allMetadata()) {
+     *        dumpBufferCallback(context, metadata...);
+     *    }
+     * }
+     *
+     * @param beginDumpCallback Signals that a buffer is about to be dumped
+     * @param dumpBufferCallback Callback that will be invoked for each of the metadata fields
+     * @param context A caller-provided context to be passed to beginDumpCallback and
+     *                dumpBufferCallback
+     * @return error Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `BAD_BUFFER` if the raw handle is invalid.
+     *     - `NO_RESOURCES` if the get cannot be fulfilled due to unavailability of
+     *       resources.
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull dumpAllBuffers)(
+            AIMapper_BeginDumpBufferCallback _Nonnull beginDumpCallback,
+            AIMapper_DumpBufferCallback _Nonnull dumpBufferCallback,
+            void* _Null_unspecified context);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the region of shared memory associated with the buffer that is
+     * reserved for client use.
+     *
+     * The shared memory may be allocated from any shared memory allocator.
+     * The shared memory must be CPU-accessible and virtually contiguous. The
+     * starting address must be word-aligned.
+     *
+     * This function may only be called after importBuffer() has been called by the
+     * client. The reserved region must remain accessible until freeBuffer() has
+     * been called. After freeBuffer() has been called, the client must not access
+     * the reserved region.
+     *
+     * This reserved memory may be used in future versions of Android to
+     * help clients implement backwards compatible features without requiring
+     * IAllocator/IMapper updates.
+     *
+     * @param buffer Imported buffer handle.
+     * @param outReservedRegion CPU-accessible pointer to the reserved region
+     * @param outReservedSize the size of the reservedRegion that was requested
+     *    in the BufferDescriptorInfo.
+     * @return error Error status of the call, which may be
+     *     - `NONE` upon success.
+     *     - `BAD_BUFFER` if the buffer is invalid.
+     */
+    AIMapper_Error (*_Nonnull getReservedRegion)(buffer_handle_t _Nonnull buffer,
+                                                 void* _Nullable* _Nonnull outReservedRegion,
+                                                 uint64_t* _Nonnull outReservedSize);
+
+} AIMapperV5;
+
+/**
+ * Return value for AIMapper_loadIMapper
+ *
+ * Note: This struct's size is not fixed and callers must never store it by-value as a result.
+ *       Only fields up to those covered by `version` are allowed to be accessed.
+ */
+typedef struct AIMapper {
+    alignas(alignof(max_align_t)) AIMapper_Version version;
+    AIMapperV5 v5;
+} AIMapper;
+
+/**
+ * Loads the vendor-provided implementation of AIMapper
+ * @return Error status of the call.
+ *          - `NONE` upon success
+ *          - `UNSUPPORTED` if no implementation is available
+ */
+AIMapper_Error AIMapper_loadIMapper(AIMapper* _Nullable* _Nonnull outImplementation);
+
+__END_DECLS
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/stable-c/vts/VtsHalGraphicsMapperStableC_TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/mapper/stable-c/vts/VtsHalGraphicsMapperStableC_TargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ab11a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/mapper/stable-c/vts/VtsHalGraphicsMapperStableC_TargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1565 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#undef LOG_TAG
+#define LOG_TAG "VtsHalGraphicsMapperStableC_TargetTest"
+
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/AllocationError.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/AllocationResult.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/allocator/IAllocator.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/BufferUsage.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/PixelFormat.h>
+#include <aidlcommonsupport/NativeHandle.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/dlext.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/IMapper.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/utils/IMapperMetadataTypes.h>
+#include <gralloctypes/Gralloc4.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <system/graphics.h>
+
+#include <dlfcn.h>
+#include <drm/drm_fourcc.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <vndksupport/linker.h>
+#include <initializer_list>
+#include <optional>
+#include <string>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <vector>
+
+using namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::allocator;
+using namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common;
+using namespace android;
+using namespace android::hardware;
+using namespace ::android::hardware::graphics::mapper;
+
+typedef AIMapper_Error (*AIMapper_loadIMapperFn)(AIMapper* _Nullable* _Nonnull outImplementation);
+
+inline constexpr BufferUsage operator|(BufferUsage lhs, BufferUsage rhs) {
+    using T = std::underlying_type_t<BufferUsage>;
+    return static_cast<BufferUsage>(static_cast<T>(lhs) | static_cast<T>(rhs));
+}
+
+inline BufferUsage& operator|=(BufferUsage& lhs, BufferUsage rhs) {
+    lhs = lhs | rhs;
+    return lhs;
+}
+
+struct YCbCr {
+    android_ycbcr yCbCr;
+    int64_t horizontalSubSampling;
+    int64_t verticalSubSampling;
+};
+
+class BufferHandle {
+    AIMapper* mIMapper;
+    buffer_handle_t mHandle = nullptr;
+
+  public:
+    explicit BufferHandle(AIMapper* mapper, native_handle_t* rawHandle) : mIMapper(mapper) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mIMapper->v5.importBuffer(rawHandle, &mHandle));
+    }
+
+    explicit BufferHandle(BufferHandle&& other) { *this = std::move(other); }
+
+    BufferHandle& operator=(BufferHandle&& other) noexcept {
+        reset();
+        mIMapper = other.mIMapper;
+        mHandle = other.mHandle;
+        other.mHandle = nullptr;
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    ~BufferHandle() { reset(); }
+
+    constexpr explicit operator bool() const noexcept { return mHandle != nullptr; }
+
+    buffer_handle_t operator*() const noexcept { return mHandle; }
+
+    void reset() {
+        if (mHandle != nullptr) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mIMapper->v5.freeBuffer(mHandle));
+            mHandle = nullptr;
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+class BufferAllocation {
+    AIMapper* mIMapper;
+    native_handle_t* mRawHandle;
+    uint32_t mStride;
+    const BufferDescriptorInfo mInfo;
+
+  public:
+    BufferAllocation(const BufferAllocation&) = delete;
+    void operator=(const BufferAllocation&) = delete;
+
+    BufferAllocation(AIMapper* mapper, native_handle_t* handle, uint32_t stride,
+                     const BufferDescriptorInfo& info)
+        : mIMapper(mapper), mRawHandle(handle), mStride(stride), mInfo(info) {}
+
+    ~BufferAllocation() {
+        if (mRawHandle == nullptr) return;
+
+        native_handle_close(mRawHandle);
+        native_handle_delete(mRawHandle);
+    }
+
+    uint32_t stride() const { return mStride; }
+    const BufferDescriptorInfo& info() const { return mInfo; }
+
+    BufferHandle import() { return BufferHandle{mIMapper, mRawHandle}; }
+
+    const native_handle_t* rawHandle() const { return mRawHandle; }
+};
+
+class GraphicsTestsBase {
+  private:
+    friend class BufferAllocation;
+    int32_t mIAllocatorVersion = 1;
+    std::shared_ptr<IAllocator> mAllocator;
+    AIMapper* mIMapper = nullptr;
+    AIMapper_loadIMapperFn mIMapperLoader;
+
+  protected:
+    void Initialize(std::shared_ptr<IAllocator> allocator) {
+        mAllocator = allocator;
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mAllocator.get()) << "failed to get allocator service";
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mAllocator->getInterfaceVersion(&mIAllocatorVersion).isOk());
+        ASSERT_GE(mIAllocatorVersion, 2);
+        std::string mapperSuffix;
+        auto status = mAllocator->getIMapperLibrarySuffix(&mapperSuffix);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Failed to get IMapper library suffix";
+        std::string lib_name = "mapper." + mapperSuffix + ".so";
+        void* so = android_load_sphal_library(lib_name.c_str(), RTLD_LOCAL | RTLD_NOW);
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, so) << "Failed to load " << lib_name;
+        mIMapperLoader = (AIMapper_loadIMapperFn)dlsym(so, "AIMapper_loadIMapper");
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mIMapperLoader) << "AIMapper_locaIMapper missing from " << lib_name;
+        ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mIMapperLoader(&mIMapper));
+        ASSERT_NE(mIMapper, nullptr);
+    }
+
+  public:
+    AIMapper_loadIMapperFn getIMapperLoader() const { return mIMapperLoader; }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<BufferAllocation> allocate(const BufferDescriptorInfo& descriptorInfo) {
+        AllocationResult result;
+        ::ndk::ScopedAStatus status = mAllocator->allocate2(descriptorInfo, 1, &result);
+        if (!status.isOk()) {
+            status_t error = status.getExceptionCode();
+            if (error == EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC) {
+                error = status.getServiceSpecificError();
+                EXPECT_NE(OK, error) << "Failed to set error properly";
+            } else {
+                EXPECT_EQ(OK, error) << "Allocation transport failure";
+            }
+            return nullptr;
+        } else {
+            return std::make_unique<BufferAllocation>(mIMapper, dupFromAidl(result.buffers[0]),
+                                                      result.stride, descriptorInfo);
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<BufferAllocation> allocateGeneric() {
+        return allocate({
+                .name = {"VTS_TEMP"},
+                .width = 64,
+                .height = 64,
+                .layerCount = 1,
+                .format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+                .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+                .reservedSize = 0,
+        });
+    }
+
+    bool isSupported(const BufferDescriptorInfo& descriptorInfo) {
+        bool ret = false;
+        EXPECT_TRUE(mAllocator->isSupported(descriptorInfo, &ret).isOk());
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    AIMapper* mapper() const { return mIMapper; }
+
+    template <StandardMetadataType T>
+    auto getStandardMetadata(buffer_handle_t bufferHandle)
+            -> decltype(StandardMetadata<T>::value::decode(nullptr, 0)) {
+        using Value = typename StandardMetadata<T>::value;
+        std::vector<uint8_t> buffer;
+        // Initial guess
+        buffer.resize(512);
+        int32_t sizeRequired = mapper()->v5.getStandardMetadata(
+                bufferHandle, static_cast<int64_t>(T), buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+        if (sizeRequired < 0) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(-AIMAPPER_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED, sizeRequired)
+                    << "Received something other than UNSUPPORTED from valid getStandardMetadata "
+                       "call";
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+        if (sizeRequired > buffer.size()) {
+            buffer.resize(sizeRequired);
+            sizeRequired = mapper()->v5.getStandardMetadata(bufferHandle, static_cast<int64_t>(T),
+                                                            buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+        }
+        if (sizeRequired < 0 || sizeRequired >= buffer.size()) {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "getStandardMetadata failed, received " << sizeRequired
+                          << " with buffer size " << buffer.size();
+            // Generate a fail type
+            return std::nullopt;
+        }
+        return Value::decode(buffer.data(), sizeRequired);
+    }
+
+    template <StandardMetadataType T>
+    AIMapper_Error setStandardMetadata(buffer_handle_t bufferHandle,
+                                       const typename StandardMetadata<T>::value_type& value) {
+        using Value = typename StandardMetadata<T>::value;
+        int32_t sizeRequired = Value::encode(value, nullptr, 0);
+        if (sizeRequired < 0) {
+            EXPECT_GE(sizeRequired, 0) << "Failed to calculate required size";
+            return static_cast<AIMapper_Error>(-sizeRequired);
+        }
+        std::vector<uint8_t> buffer;
+        buffer.resize(sizeRequired);
+        sizeRequired = Value::encode(value, buffer.data(), buffer.size());
+        if (sizeRequired < 0 || sizeRequired > buffer.size()) {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "Failed to encode with calculated size " << sizeRequired
+                          << "; buffer size" << buffer.size();
+            return static_cast<AIMapper_Error>(-sizeRequired);
+        }
+        return mapper()->v5.setStandardMetadata(bufferHandle, static_cast<int64_t>(T),
+                                                buffer.data(), sizeRequired);
+    }
+
+    void verifyRGBA8888PlaneLayouts(const std::vector<PlaneLayout>& planeLayouts) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(1, planeLayouts.size());
+
+        const auto& planeLayout = planeLayouts.front();
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(4, planeLayout.components.size());
+
+        int64_t offsetInBitsR = -1;
+        int64_t offsetInBitsG = -1;
+        int64_t offsetInBitsB = -1;
+        int64_t offsetInBitsA = -1;
+
+        for (const auto& component : planeLayout.components) {
+            if (!gralloc4::isStandardPlaneLayoutComponentType(component.type)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            EXPECT_EQ(8, component.sizeInBits);
+            if (component.type.value == gralloc4::PlaneLayoutComponentType_R.value) {
+                offsetInBitsR = component.offsetInBits;
+            }
+            if (component.type.value == gralloc4::PlaneLayoutComponentType_G.value) {
+                offsetInBitsG = component.offsetInBits;
+            }
+            if (component.type.value == gralloc4::PlaneLayoutComponentType_B.value) {
+                offsetInBitsB = component.offsetInBits;
+            }
+            if (component.type.value == gralloc4::PlaneLayoutComponentType_A.value) {
+                offsetInBitsA = component.offsetInBits;
+            }
+        }
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, offsetInBitsR);
+        EXPECT_EQ(8, offsetInBitsG);
+        EXPECT_EQ(16, offsetInBitsB);
+        EXPECT_EQ(24, offsetInBitsA);
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, planeLayout.offsetInBytes);
+        EXPECT_EQ(32, planeLayout.sampleIncrementInBits);
+        // Skip testing stride because any stride is valid
+        EXPECT_LE(planeLayout.widthInSamples * planeLayout.heightInSamples * 4,
+                  planeLayout.totalSizeInBytes);
+        EXPECT_EQ(1, planeLayout.horizontalSubsampling);
+        EXPECT_EQ(1, planeLayout.verticalSubsampling);
+    }
+
+    void fillRGBA8888(uint8_t* data, uint32_t height, size_t strideInBytes, size_t widthInBytes) {
+        for (uint32_t y = 0; y < height; y++) {
+            memset(data, y, widthInBytes);
+            data += strideInBytes;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void verifyRGBA8888(const buffer_handle_t bufferHandle, const uint8_t* data, uint32_t height,
+                        size_t strideInBytes, size_t widthInBytes) {
+        auto decodeResult = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PLANE_LAYOUTS>(bufferHandle);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(decodeResult.has_value());
+        const auto& planeLayouts = *decodeResult;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(planeLayouts.size() > 0);
+
+        verifyRGBA8888PlaneLayouts(planeLayouts);
+
+        for (uint32_t y = 0; y < height; y++) {
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < widthInBytes; i++) {
+                EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<uint8_t>(y), data[i]);
+            }
+            data += strideInBytes;
+        }
+    }
+
+    void traverseYCbCrData(const android_ycbcr& yCbCr, int32_t width, int32_t height,
+                           int64_t hSubsampling, int64_t vSubsampling,
+                           std::function<void(uint8_t*, uint8_t)> traverseFuncion) {
+        auto yData = static_cast<uint8_t*>(yCbCr.y);
+        auto cbData = static_cast<uint8_t*>(yCbCr.cb);
+        auto crData = static_cast<uint8_t*>(yCbCr.cr);
+        auto yStride = yCbCr.ystride;
+        auto cStride = yCbCr.cstride;
+        auto chromaStep = yCbCr.chroma_step;
+
+        for (uint32_t y = 0; y < height; y++) {
+            for (uint32_t x = 0; x < width; x++) {
+                auto val = static_cast<uint8_t>(height * y + x);
+
+                traverseFuncion(yData + yStride * y + x, val);
+
+                if (y % vSubsampling == 0 && x % hSubsampling == 0) {
+                    uint32_t subSampleX = x / hSubsampling;
+                    uint32_t subSampleY = y / vSubsampling;
+                    const auto subSampleOffset = cStride * subSampleY + chromaStep * subSampleX;
+                    const auto subSampleVal =
+                            static_cast<uint8_t>(height * subSampleY + subSampleX);
+
+                    traverseFuncion(cbData + subSampleOffset, subSampleVal);
+                    traverseFuncion(crData + subSampleOffset, subSampleVal + 1);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void fillYCbCrData(const android_ycbcr& yCbCr, int32_t width, int32_t height,
+                       int64_t hSubsampling, int64_t vSubsampling) {
+        traverseYCbCrData(yCbCr, width, height, hSubsampling, vSubsampling,
+                          [](auto address, auto fillingData) { *address = fillingData; });
+    }
+
+    void verifyYCbCrData(const android_ycbcr& yCbCr, int32_t width, int32_t height,
+                         int64_t hSubsampling, int64_t vSubsampling) {
+        traverseYCbCrData(
+                yCbCr, width, height, hSubsampling, vSubsampling,
+                [](auto address, auto expectedData) { EXPECT_EQ(*address, expectedData); });
+    }
+
+    constexpr uint64_t bitsToBytes(int64_t bits) { return bits / 8; }
+    constexpr uint64_t bytesToBits(int64_t bytes) { return bytes * 8; }
+
+    void getAndroidYCbCr(buffer_handle_t bufferHandle, uint8_t* data, android_ycbcr* outYCbCr,
+                         int64_t* hSubsampling, int64_t* vSubsampling) {
+        auto decodeResult = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PLANE_LAYOUTS>(bufferHandle);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(decodeResult.has_value());
+        const auto& planeLayouts = *decodeResult;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(planeLayouts.size() > 0);
+
+        outYCbCr->y = nullptr;
+        outYCbCr->cb = nullptr;
+        outYCbCr->cr = nullptr;
+        outYCbCr->ystride = 0;
+        outYCbCr->cstride = 0;
+        outYCbCr->chroma_step = 0;
+
+        for (const auto& planeLayout : planeLayouts) {
+            for (const auto& planeLayoutComponent : planeLayout.components) {
+                if (!gralloc4::isStandardPlaneLayoutComponentType(planeLayoutComponent.type)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                ASSERT_EQ(0, planeLayoutComponent.offsetInBits % 8);
+
+                uint8_t* tmpData = data + planeLayout.offsetInBytes +
+                                   bitsToBytes(planeLayoutComponent.offsetInBits);
+                uint64_t sampleIncrementInBytes;
+
+                auto type = static_cast<PlaneLayoutComponentType>(planeLayoutComponent.type.value);
+                switch (type) {
+                    case PlaneLayoutComponentType::Y:
+                        ASSERT_EQ(nullptr, outYCbCr->y);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(8, planeLayoutComponent.sizeInBits);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(8, planeLayout.sampleIncrementInBits);
+                        outYCbCr->y = tmpData;
+                        outYCbCr->ystride = planeLayout.strideInBytes;
+                        break;
+
+                    case PlaneLayoutComponentType::CB:
+                    case PlaneLayoutComponentType::CR:
+                        ASSERT_EQ(0, planeLayout.sampleIncrementInBits % 8);
+
+                        sampleIncrementInBytes = planeLayout.sampleIncrementInBits / 8;
+                        ASSERT_TRUE(sampleIncrementInBytes == 1 || sampleIncrementInBytes == 2);
+
+                        if (outYCbCr->cstride == 0 && outYCbCr->chroma_step == 0) {
+                            outYCbCr->cstride = planeLayout.strideInBytes;
+                            outYCbCr->chroma_step = sampleIncrementInBytes;
+                        } else {
+                            ASSERT_EQ(outYCbCr->cstride, planeLayout.strideInBytes);
+                            ASSERT_EQ(outYCbCr->chroma_step, sampleIncrementInBytes);
+                        }
+
+                        if (*hSubsampling == 0 && *vSubsampling == 0) {
+                            *hSubsampling = planeLayout.horizontalSubsampling;
+                            *vSubsampling = planeLayout.verticalSubsampling;
+                        } else {
+                            ASSERT_EQ(*hSubsampling, planeLayout.horizontalSubsampling);
+                            ASSERT_EQ(*vSubsampling, planeLayout.verticalSubsampling);
+                        }
+
+                        if (type == PlaneLayoutComponentType::CB) {
+                            ASSERT_EQ(nullptr, outYCbCr->cb);
+                            outYCbCr->cb = tmpData;
+                        } else {
+                            ASSERT_EQ(nullptr, outYCbCr->cr);
+                            outYCbCr->cr = tmpData;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        break;
+                };
+            }
+        }
+
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, outYCbCr->y);
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, outYCbCr->cb);
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, outYCbCr->cr);
+    }
+
+    YCbCr getAndroidYCbCr_P010(const native_handle_t* bufferHandle, uint8_t* data) {
+        YCbCr yCbCr_P010;
+        auto decodeResult = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PLANE_LAYOUTS>(bufferHandle);
+        if (!decodeResult.has_value()) {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "failed to get plane layout";
+            return YCbCr{};
+        }
+        const auto& planeLayouts = *decodeResult;
+        EXPECT_EQ(2, planeLayouts.size());
+        EXPECT_EQ(1, planeLayouts[0].components.size());
+        EXPECT_EQ(2, planeLayouts[1].components.size());
+
+        yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.y = nullptr;
+        yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.cb = nullptr;
+        yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.cr = nullptr;
+        yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.ystride = 0;
+        yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.cstride = 0;
+        yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.chroma_step = 0;
+        int64_t cb_offset = 0;
+        int64_t cr_offset = 0;
+
+        for (const auto& planeLayout : planeLayouts) {
+            for (const auto& planeLayoutComponent : planeLayout.components) {
+                if (!gralloc4::isStandardPlaneLayoutComponentType(planeLayoutComponent.type)) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                uint8_t* tmpData = data + planeLayout.offsetInBytes +
+                                   bitsToBytes(planeLayoutComponent.offsetInBits);
+                uint64_t sampleIncrementInBytes = 0;
+                auto type = static_cast<PlaneLayoutComponentType>(planeLayoutComponent.type.value);
+                switch (type) {
+                    case PlaneLayoutComponentType::Y:
+                        // For specs refer:
+                        // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/medfound/10-bit-and-16-bit-yuv-video-formats
+                        EXPECT_EQ(6, planeLayoutComponent.offsetInBits);
+                        EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.y);
+                        EXPECT_EQ(10, planeLayoutComponent.sizeInBits);
+                        EXPECT_EQ(16, planeLayout.sampleIncrementInBits);
+
+                        yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.y = tmpData;
+                        yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.ystride = planeLayout.strideInBytes;
+                        break;
+
+                    case PlaneLayoutComponentType::CB:
+                    case PlaneLayoutComponentType::CR:
+                        sampleIncrementInBytes = bitsToBytes(planeLayout.sampleIncrementInBits);
+                        EXPECT_EQ(4, sampleIncrementInBytes);
+
+                        if (yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.cstride == 0 && yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.chroma_step == 0) {
+                            yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.cstride = planeLayout.strideInBytes;
+                            yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.chroma_step = sampleIncrementInBytes;
+                        } else {
+                            EXPECT_EQ(yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.cstride, planeLayout.strideInBytes);
+                            EXPECT_EQ(yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.chroma_step, sampleIncrementInBytes);
+                        }
+
+                        if (yCbCr_P010.horizontalSubSampling == 0 &&
+                            yCbCr_P010.verticalSubSampling == 0) {
+                            yCbCr_P010.horizontalSubSampling = planeLayout.horizontalSubsampling;
+                            yCbCr_P010.verticalSubSampling = planeLayout.verticalSubsampling;
+                        } else {
+                            EXPECT_EQ(yCbCr_P010.horizontalSubSampling,
+                                      planeLayout.horizontalSubsampling);
+                            EXPECT_EQ(yCbCr_P010.verticalSubSampling,
+                                      planeLayout.verticalSubsampling);
+                        }
+
+                        if (type == PlaneLayoutComponentType::CB) {
+                            EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.cb);
+                            yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.cb = tmpData;
+                            cb_offset = planeLayoutComponent.offsetInBits;
+                        } else {
+                            EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.cr);
+                            yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.cr = tmpData;
+                            cr_offset = planeLayoutComponent.offsetInBits;
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    default:
+                        break;
+                };
+            }
+        }
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(cb_offset + bytesToBits(2), cr_offset);
+        EXPECT_NE(nullptr, yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.y);
+        EXPECT_NE(nullptr, yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.cb);
+        EXPECT_NE(nullptr, yCbCr_P010.yCbCr.cr);
+        return yCbCr_P010;
+    }
+};
+
+class GraphicsMapperStableCTests
+    : public GraphicsTestsBase,
+      public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::shared_ptr<IAllocator>>> {
+  public:
+    void SetUp() override { Initialize(std::get<1>(GetParam())); }
+
+    void TearDown() override {}
+};
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, AllV5CallbacksDefined) {
+    ASSERT_GE(mapper()->version, AIMAPPER_VERSION_5);
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.importBuffer);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.freeBuffer);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.getTransportSize);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.lock);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.unlock);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.flushLockedBuffer);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.rereadLockedBuffer);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.getMetadata);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.getStandardMetadata);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.setMetadata);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.setStandardMetadata);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.listSupportedMetadataTypes);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.dumpBuffer);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mapper()->v5.getReservedRegion);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, DualLoadIsIdentical) {
+    ASSERT_GE(mapper()->version, AIMAPPER_VERSION_5);
+    AIMapper* secondMapper;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, getIMapperLoader()(&secondMapper));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.importBuffer, mapper()->v5.importBuffer);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.freeBuffer, mapper()->v5.freeBuffer);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.getTransportSize, mapper()->v5.getTransportSize);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.lock, mapper()->v5.lock);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.unlock, mapper()->v5.unlock);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.flushLockedBuffer, mapper()->v5.flushLockedBuffer);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.rereadLockedBuffer, mapper()->v5.rereadLockedBuffer);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.getMetadata, mapper()->v5.getMetadata);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.getStandardMetadata, mapper()->v5.getStandardMetadata);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.setMetadata, mapper()->v5.setMetadata);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.setStandardMetadata, mapper()->v5.setStandardMetadata);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.listSupportedMetadataTypes, mapper()->v5.listSupportedMetadataTypes);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.dumpBuffer, mapper()->v5.dumpBuffer);
+    EXPECT_EQ(secondMapper->v5.getReservedRegion, mapper()->v5.getReservedRegion);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, CanAllocate) {
+    auto buffer = allocate({
+            .name = {"VTS_TEMP"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    });
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer.get());
+    EXPECT_GE(buffer->stride(), 64);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, ImportFreeBuffer) {
+    auto buffer = allocate({
+            .name = {"VTS_TEMP"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    });
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer.get());
+    EXPECT_GE(buffer->stride(), 64);
+
+    {
+        auto import1 = buffer->import();
+        auto import2 = buffer->import();
+        EXPECT_TRUE(import1);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(import2);
+        EXPECT_NE(*import1, *import2);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer cross mapper instances.
+ */
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, ImportFreeBufferSingleton) {
+    auto buffer = allocate({
+            .name = {"VTS_TEMP"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    });
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer.get());
+    EXPECT_GE(buffer->stride(), 64);
+
+    buffer_handle_t bufferHandle = nullptr;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.importBuffer(buffer->rawHandle(), &bufferHandle));
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, bufferHandle);
+
+    AIMapper* secondMapper;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, getIMapperLoader()(&secondMapper));
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, secondMapper->v5.freeBuffer(bufferHandle));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Test IMapper::importBuffer with invalid buffers.
+ */
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, ImportBufferNegative) {
+    native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
+    buffer_handle_t bufferHandle = nullptr;
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.importBuffer(invalidHandle, &bufferHandle))
+            << "importBuffer with nullptr did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
+
+    invalidHandle = native_handle_create(0, 0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.importBuffer(invalidHandle, &bufferHandle))
+            << "importBuffer with invalid handle did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
+    native_handle_delete(invalidHandle);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Test IMapper::freeBuffer with invalid buffers.
+ */
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, FreeBufferNegative) {
+    native_handle_t* bufferHandle = nullptr;
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.freeBuffer(bufferHandle))
+            << "freeBuffer with nullptr did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
+
+    bufferHandle = native_handle_create(0, 0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.freeBuffer(bufferHandle))
+            << "freeBuffer with invalid handle did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
+    native_handle_delete(bufferHandle);
+
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.freeBuffer(buffer->rawHandle()))
+            << "freeBuffer with un-imported handle did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
+}
+
+/**
+ * Test IMapper::lock and IMapper::unlock.
+ */
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, LockUnlockBasic) {
+    constexpr auto usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN;
+    auto buffer = allocate({
+            .name = {"VTS_TEMP"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+            .usage = usage,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    });
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer.get());
+
+    // lock buffer for writing
+    const auto& info = buffer->info();
+    const auto stride = buffer->stride();
+    const ARect region{0, 0, info.width, info.height};
+    auto handle = buffer->import();
+    uint8_t* data = nullptr;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE,
+              mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(usage), region, -1, (void**)&data));
+
+    // RGBA_8888
+    fillRGBA8888(data, info.height, stride * 4, info.width * 4);
+
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+
+    // lock again for reading
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(usage), region,
+                                                     releaseFence, (void**)&data));
+    releaseFence = -1;
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(verifyRGBA8888(*handle, data, info.height, stride * 4, info.width * 4));
+
+    releaseFence = -1;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+    if (releaseFence != -1) {
+        close(releaseFence);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ *  Test multiple operations associated with different color formats
+ */
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, Lock_YCRCB_420_SP) {
+    BufferDescriptorInfo info{
+            .name = {"VTS_TEMP"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::YCRCB_420_SP,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    };
+    auto buffer = allocate(info);
+    if (!buffer) {
+        ASSERT_FALSE(isSupported(info));
+        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "YCRCB_420_SP format is unsupported";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // lock buffer for writing
+    const ARect region{0, 0, info.width, info.height};
+    auto handle = buffer->import();
+    uint8_t* data = nullptr;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(info.usage),
+                                                     region, -1, (void**)&data));
+
+    android_ycbcr yCbCr;
+    int64_t hSubsampling = 0;
+    int64_t vSubsampling = 0;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getAndroidYCbCr(*handle, data, &yCbCr, &hSubsampling, &vSubsampling));
+
+    constexpr uint32_t kCbCrSubSampleFactor = 2;
+    ASSERT_EQ(kCbCrSubSampleFactor, hSubsampling);
+    ASSERT_EQ(kCbCrSubSampleFactor, vSubsampling);
+
+    auto cbData = static_cast<uint8_t*>(yCbCr.cb);
+    auto crData = static_cast<uint8_t*>(yCbCr.cr);
+    ASSERT_EQ(crData + 1, cbData);
+    ASSERT_EQ(2, yCbCr.chroma_step);
+
+    fillYCbCrData(yCbCr, info.width, info.height, hSubsampling, vSubsampling);
+
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+
+    // lock again for reading
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(info.usage),
+                                                     region, releaseFence, (void**)&data));
+    releaseFence = -1;
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getAndroidYCbCr(*handle, data, &yCbCr, &hSubsampling, &vSubsampling));
+
+    verifyYCbCrData(yCbCr, info.width, info.height, hSubsampling, vSubsampling);
+
+    releaseFence = -1;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+    if (releaseFence != -1) {
+        close(releaseFence);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, YV12SubsampleMetadata) {
+    BufferDescriptorInfo info{
+            .name = {"VTS_TEMP"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::YV12,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    };
+    auto buffer = allocate(info);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer.get());
+
+    // lock buffer for writing
+    const ARect region{0, 0, info.width, info.height};
+    auto handle = buffer->import();
+    uint8_t* data = nullptr;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(info.usage),
+                                                     region, -1, (void**)&data));
+
+    auto decodeResult = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PLANE_LAYOUTS>(*handle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(decodeResult.has_value());
+    const auto& planeLayouts = *decodeResult;
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(3, planeLayouts.size());
+
+    auto yPlane = planeLayouts[0];
+    auto crPlane = planeLayouts[1];
+    auto cbPlane = planeLayouts[2];
+
+    constexpr uint32_t kCbCrSubSampleFactor = 2;
+    EXPECT_EQ(kCbCrSubSampleFactor, crPlane.horizontalSubsampling);
+    EXPECT_EQ(kCbCrSubSampleFactor, crPlane.verticalSubsampling);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(kCbCrSubSampleFactor, cbPlane.horizontalSubsampling);
+    EXPECT_EQ(kCbCrSubSampleFactor, cbPlane.verticalSubsampling);
+
+    const long chromaSampleWidth = info.width / kCbCrSubSampleFactor;
+    const long chromaSampleHeight = info.height / kCbCrSubSampleFactor;
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(info.width, yPlane.widthInSamples);
+    EXPECT_EQ(info.height, yPlane.heightInSamples);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(chromaSampleWidth, crPlane.widthInSamples);
+    EXPECT_EQ(chromaSampleHeight, crPlane.heightInSamples);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(chromaSampleWidth, cbPlane.widthInSamples);
+    EXPECT_EQ(chromaSampleHeight, cbPlane.heightInSamples);
+
+    EXPECT_LE(crPlane.widthInSamples, crPlane.strideInBytes);
+    EXPECT_LE(cbPlane.widthInSamples, cbPlane.strideInBytes);
+
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+    if (releaseFence != -1) {
+        close(releaseFence);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, Lock_YV12) {
+    BufferDescriptorInfo info{
+            .name = {"VTS_TEMP"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::YV12,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    };
+    auto buffer = allocate(info);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer.get());
+
+    // lock buffer for writing
+    const ARect region{0, 0, info.width, info.height};
+    auto handle = buffer->import();
+    uint8_t* data = nullptr;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(info.usage),
+                                                     region, -1, (void**)&data));
+
+    android_ycbcr yCbCr;
+    int64_t hSubsampling = 0;
+    int64_t vSubsampling = 0;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getAndroidYCbCr(*handle, data, &yCbCr, &hSubsampling, &vSubsampling));
+
+    constexpr uint32_t kCbCrSubSampleFactor = 2;
+    ASSERT_EQ(kCbCrSubSampleFactor, hSubsampling);
+    ASSERT_EQ(kCbCrSubSampleFactor, vSubsampling);
+
+    auto cbData = static_cast<uint8_t*>(yCbCr.cb);
+    auto crData = static_cast<uint8_t*>(yCbCr.cr);
+    ASSERT_EQ(crData + yCbCr.cstride * info.height / vSubsampling, cbData);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, yCbCr.chroma_step);
+
+    fillYCbCrData(yCbCr, info.width, info.height, hSubsampling, vSubsampling);
+
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+
+    // lock again for reading
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(info.usage),
+                                                     region, releaseFence, (void**)&data));
+    releaseFence = -1;
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getAndroidYCbCr(*handle, data, &yCbCr, &hSubsampling, &vSubsampling));
+
+    verifyYCbCrData(yCbCr, info.width, info.height, hSubsampling, vSubsampling);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+    if (releaseFence != -1) {
+        close(releaseFence);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, Lock_YCBCR_420_888) {
+    BufferDescriptorInfo info{
+            .name = {"VTS_TEMP"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    };
+    auto buffer = allocate(info);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer.get());
+
+    // lock buffer for writing
+    const ARect region{0, 0, info.width, info.height};
+    auto handle = buffer->import();
+    uint8_t* data = nullptr;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(info.usage),
+                                                     region, -1, (void**)&data));
+
+    android_ycbcr yCbCr;
+    int64_t hSubsampling = 0;
+    int64_t vSubsampling = 0;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getAndroidYCbCr(*handle, data, &yCbCr, &hSubsampling, &vSubsampling));
+
+    constexpr uint32_t kCbCrSubSampleFactor = 2;
+    ASSERT_EQ(kCbCrSubSampleFactor, hSubsampling);
+    ASSERT_EQ(kCbCrSubSampleFactor, vSubsampling);
+
+    fillYCbCrData(yCbCr, info.width, info.height, hSubsampling, vSubsampling);
+
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+
+    // lock again for reading
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(info.usage),
+                                                     region, releaseFence, (void**)&data));
+    releaseFence = -1;
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getAndroidYCbCr(*handle, data, &yCbCr, &hSubsampling, &vSubsampling));
+
+    verifyYCbCrData(yCbCr, info.width, info.height, hSubsampling, vSubsampling);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+    if (releaseFence != -1) {
+        close(releaseFence);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, Lock_RAW10) {
+    BufferDescriptorInfo info{
+            .name = {"VTS_TEMP"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::RAW10,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    };
+    auto buffer = allocate(info);
+    if (!buffer) {
+        ASSERT_FALSE(isSupported(info));
+        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "RAW10 format is unsupported";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // lock buffer for writing
+    const ARect region{0, 0, info.width, info.height};
+    auto handle = buffer->import();
+    uint8_t* data = nullptr;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(info.usage),
+                                                     region, -1, (void**)&data));
+
+    auto decodeResult = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PLANE_LAYOUTS>(*handle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(decodeResult.has_value());
+    const auto& planeLayouts = *decodeResult;
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, planeLayouts.size());
+    auto planeLayout = planeLayouts[0];
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, planeLayout.sampleIncrementInBits);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, planeLayout.horizontalSubsampling);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, planeLayout.verticalSubsampling);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, planeLayout.components.size());
+    auto planeLayoutComponent = planeLayout.components[0];
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(PlaneLayoutComponentType::RAW,
+              static_cast<PlaneLayoutComponentType>(planeLayoutComponent.type.value));
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, planeLayoutComponent.offsetInBits % 8);
+    EXPECT_EQ(-1, planeLayoutComponent.sizeInBits);
+
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+    if (releaseFence != -1) {
+        close(releaseFence);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, Lock_RAW12) {
+    BufferDescriptorInfo info{
+            .name = {"VTS_TEMP"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::RAW12,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    };
+    auto buffer = allocate(info);
+    if (!buffer) {
+        ASSERT_FALSE(isSupported(info));
+        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "RAW12 format is unsupported";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // lock buffer for writing
+    const ARect region{0, 0, info.width, info.height};
+    auto handle = buffer->import();
+    uint8_t* data = nullptr;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(info.usage),
+                                                     region, -1, (void**)&data));
+
+    auto decodeResult = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PLANE_LAYOUTS>(*handle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(decodeResult.has_value());
+    const auto& planeLayouts = *decodeResult;
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, planeLayouts.size());
+    auto planeLayout = planeLayouts[0];
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, planeLayout.sampleIncrementInBits);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, planeLayout.horizontalSubsampling);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, planeLayout.verticalSubsampling);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, planeLayout.components.size());
+    auto planeLayoutComponent = planeLayout.components[0];
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(PlaneLayoutComponentType::RAW,
+              static_cast<PlaneLayoutComponentType>(planeLayoutComponent.type.value));
+    EXPECT_EQ(0, planeLayoutComponent.offsetInBits % 8);
+    EXPECT_EQ(-1, planeLayoutComponent.sizeInBits);
+
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+    if (releaseFence != -1) {
+        close(releaseFence);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, Lock_YCBCR_P010) {
+    BufferDescriptorInfo info{
+            .name = {"VTS_TEMP"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::YCBCR_P010,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    };
+    auto buffer = allocate(info);
+    if (!buffer) {
+        ASSERT_FALSE(isSupported(info));
+        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "YCBCR_P010 format is unsupported";
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // lock buffer for writing
+    const ARect region{0, 0, info.width, info.height};
+    auto handle = buffer->import();
+    uint8_t* data = nullptr;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(info.usage),
+                                                     region, -1, (void**)&data));
+
+    YCbCr yCbCr;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(yCbCr = getAndroidYCbCr_P010(*handle, data));
+
+    constexpr uint32_t kCbCrSubSampleFactor = 2;
+    ASSERT_EQ(kCbCrSubSampleFactor, yCbCr.horizontalSubSampling);
+    ASSERT_EQ(kCbCrSubSampleFactor, yCbCr.verticalSubSampling);
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, info.height % 2);
+
+    // fill the data
+    fillYCbCrData(yCbCr.yCbCr, info.width, info.height, yCbCr.horizontalSubSampling,
+                  yCbCr.verticalSubSampling);
+    // verify the YCbCr data
+    verifyYCbCrData(yCbCr.yCbCr, info.width, info.height, yCbCr.horizontalSubSampling,
+                    yCbCr.verticalSubSampling);
+
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+    ASSERT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+    if (releaseFence != -1) {
+        close(releaseFence);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, LockBadAccessRegion) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer);
+    const auto& info = buffer->info();
+
+    // lock buffer for writing
+    const ARect region{0, 0, info.width * 2, info.height * 2};
+    auto handle = buffer->import();
+    uint8_t* data = nullptr;
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_VALUE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, static_cast<int64_t>(info.usage),
+                                                          region, -1, (void**)&data));
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, UnlockNegative) {
+    native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.unlock(invalidHandle, &releaseFence))
+            << "unlock with nullptr did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
+
+    invalidHandle = native_handle_create(0, 0);
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.unlock(invalidHandle, &releaseFence))
+            << "unlock with invalid handle did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
+    native_handle_delete(invalidHandle);
+
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.unlock(buffer->rawHandle(), &releaseFence))
+            << "unlock with un-imported handle did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, UnlockNotImported) {
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.unlock(buffer->rawHandle(), &releaseFence))
+            << "unlock with un-imported handle did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, UnlockNotLocked) {
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.unlock(*bufferHandle, &releaseFence))
+            << "unlock with unlocked handle did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, LockUnlockNested) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    const ARect region{0, 0, buffer->info().width, buffer->info().height};
+    auto usage = static_cast<int64_t>(buffer->info().usage);
+    auto handle = buffer->import();
+    uint8_t* data = nullptr;
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, usage, region, -1, (void**)&data));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.lock(*handle, usage, region, -1, (void**)&data))
+            << "Second lock failed";
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence));
+    if (releaseFence != -1) {
+        close(releaseFence);
+        releaseFence = -1;
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence))
+            << "Second unlock failed";
+    if (releaseFence != -1) {
+        close(releaseFence);
+        releaseFence = -1;
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.unlock(*handle, &releaseFence))
+            << "Third, unmatched, unlock should have failed with BAD_BUFFER";
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, FlushRereadBasic) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    const auto& info = buffer->info();
+    const auto stride = buffer->stride();
+    const ARect region{0, 0, buffer->info().width, buffer->info().height};
+
+    auto writeHandle = buffer->import();
+    auto readHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(writeHandle && readHandle);
+
+    // lock buffer for writing
+
+    uint8_t* writeData;
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE,
+              mapper()->v5.lock(*writeHandle, static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN),
+                                region, -1, (void**)&writeData));
+
+    uint8_t* readData;
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE,
+              mapper()->v5.lock(*readHandle, static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN),
+                                region, -1, (void**)&readData));
+
+    fillRGBA8888(writeData, info.height, stride * 4, info.width * 4);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.flushLockedBuffer(*writeHandle));
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.rereadLockedBuffer(*readHandle));
+
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+            verifyRGBA8888(*readHandle, readData, info.height, stride * 4, info.width * 4));
+
+    int releaseFence = -1;
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*readHandle, &releaseFence));
+    if (releaseFence != -1) {
+        close(releaseFence);
+        releaseFence = -1;
+    }
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, mapper()->v5.unlock(*writeHandle, &releaseFence));
+    if (releaseFence != -1) {
+        close(releaseFence);
+        releaseFence = -1;
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, FlushLockedBufferBadBuffer) {
+    // Amazingly this is enough to make the compiler happy even though flushLockedBuffer
+    // is _Nonnull :shrug:
+    buffer_handle_t badBuffer = nullptr;
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.flushLockedBuffer(badBuffer));
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, RereadLockedBufferBadBuffer) {
+    buffer_handle_t badBuffer = nullptr;
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_BAD_BUFFER, mapper()->v5.rereadLockedBuffer(badBuffer));
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetBufferId) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    auto bufferId = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::BUFFER_ID>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferId.has_value());
+
+    auto buffer2 = allocateGeneric();
+    auto bufferHandle2 = buffer2->import();
+    auto bufferId2 = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::BUFFER_ID>(*bufferHandle2);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferId2.has_value());
+
+    EXPECT_NE(*bufferId, *bufferId2);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetName) {
+    auto buffer = allocate({
+            .name = {"Hello, World!"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    });
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    auto name = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::NAME>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(name.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(*name, "Hello, World!");
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetWidthHeight) {
+    auto buffer = allocate({
+            .name = {"Hello, World!"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 128,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    });
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::WIDTH>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(*value, 64);
+    value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::HEIGHT>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(*value, 128);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetLayerCount) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::LAYER_COUNT>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(*value, buffer->info().layerCount);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetPixelFormatRequested) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PIXEL_FORMAT_REQUESTED>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(*value, buffer->info().format);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetPixelFormatFourCC) {
+    auto buffer = allocate({
+            .name = {"Hello, World!"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 128,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    });
+    {
+        auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+        auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PIXEL_FORMAT_FOURCC>(*bufferHandle);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+        EXPECT_EQ(*value, DRM_FORMAT_ABGR8888);
+    }
+
+    buffer = allocate({
+            .name = {"yv12"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 128,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::YV12,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    });
+    {
+        auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+        auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PIXEL_FORMAT_FOURCC>(*bufferHandle);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+        EXPECT_EQ(*value, DRM_FORMAT_YVU420);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetPixelFormatModifier) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PIXEL_FORMAT_MODIFIER>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    // Only the upper 8-bits are defined and is just the vendor ID, the lower 56 bits are
+    // then vendor specific. So there's not anything useful to assert here beyond just that
+    // we successfully queried a value
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetUsage) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::USAGE>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(buffer->info().usage, *value);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetAllocationSize) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::ALLOCATION_SIZE>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    const auto estimatedSize = buffer->stride() * buffer->info().height * 4;
+    // This buffer has CPU usage, so we expect at least stride * height * 4 since it should be
+    // generally linear uncompressed.
+    EXPECT_GE(*value, estimatedSize)
+            << "Expected allocation size to be at least stride * height * 4bpp";
+    // Might need refining, but hopefully this a generous-enough upper-bound?
+    EXPECT_LT(*value, estimatedSize * 2)
+            << "Expected allocation size to less than double stride * height * 4bpp";
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetProtectedContent) {
+    const BufferDescriptorInfo info{
+            .name = {"prot8888"},
+            .width = 64,
+            .height = 64,
+            .layerCount = 1,
+            .format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+            .usage = BufferUsage::PROTECTED | BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OVERLAY,
+            .reservedSize = 0,
+    };
+    auto buffer = allocate(info);
+    if (!buffer) {
+        ASSERT_FALSE(isSupported(info))
+                << "Allocation of trivial sized buffer failed, so isSupported() must be false";
+        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "PROTECTED RGBA_8888 is unsupported";
+        return;
+    }
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PROTECTED_CONTENT>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(*value, 1);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetCompression) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::COMPRESSION>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(gralloc4::Compression_None.name, value->name);
+    EXPECT_EQ(gralloc4::Compression_None.value, value->value);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetInterlaced) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::INTERLACED>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(gralloc4::Interlaced_None.name, value->name);
+    EXPECT_EQ(gralloc4::Interlaced_None.value, value->value);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetChromaSiting) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::CHROMA_SITING>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(gralloc4::ChromaSiting_None.name, value->name);
+    EXPECT_EQ(gralloc4::ChromaSiting_None.value, value->value);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetPlaneLayouts) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::PLANE_LAYOUTS>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(verifyRGBA8888PlaneLayouts(*value));
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetCrop) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::CROP>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, value->size());
+    const Rect expected{0, 0, buffer->info().width, buffer->info().height};
+    EXPECT_EQ(expected, value->at(0));
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetSetDataspace) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::DATASPACE>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(Dataspace::UNKNOWN, *value);
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, setStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::DATASPACE>(
+                                           *bufferHandle, Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3));
+    value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::DATASPACE>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3, *value);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetSetBlendMode) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::BLEND_MODE>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(BlendMode::INVALID, *value);
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE, setStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::BLEND_MODE>(
+                                           *bufferHandle, BlendMode::COVERAGE));
+    value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::BLEND_MODE>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(BlendMode::COVERAGE, *value);
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetSetSmpte2086) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::SMPTE2086>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(value->has_value());
+
+    // TODO: Maybe use something resembling real values, but validation isn't supposed to happen
+    // here anyway so :shrug:
+    const Smpte2086 awesomeHdr{
+            XyColor{1.f, 1.f},      XyColor{2.f, 2.f}, XyColor{3.f, 3.f},
+            XyColor{400.f, 1000.f}, 100000.0f,         0.0001f,
+    };
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE,
+              setStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::SMPTE2086>(*bufferHandle, awesomeHdr));
+    value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::SMPTE2086>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value->has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(awesomeHdr, *value);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE,
+              setStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::SMPTE2086>(*bufferHandle, std::nullopt));
+    value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::SMPTE2086>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(value->has_value());
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetCta861_3) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::CTA861_3>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(value->has_value());
+
+    const Cta861_3 genericHlgish{1000.f, 140.f};
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE,
+              setStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::CTA861_3>(*bufferHandle, genericHlgish));
+    value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::CTA861_3>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value->has_value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(genericHlgish, *value);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(AIMAPPER_ERROR_NONE,
+              setStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::CTA861_3>(*bufferHandle, std::nullopt));
+    value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::CTA861_3>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(value->has_value());
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetSmpte2094_10) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::SMPTE2094_10>(*bufferHandle);
+    if (value.has_value()) {
+        EXPECT_FALSE(value->has_value());
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperStableCTests, GetSmpte2094_40) {
+    auto buffer = allocateGeneric();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(buffer);
+    auto bufferHandle = buffer->import();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bufferHandle);
+    auto value = getStandardMetadata<StandardMetadataType::SMPTE2094_40>(*bufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(value.has_value());
+    EXPECT_FALSE(value->has_value());
+}
+
+std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::shared_ptr<IAllocator>>> getIAllocatorsAtLeastVersion(
+        int32_t minVersion) {
+    auto instanceNames = getAidlHalInstanceNames(IAllocator::descriptor);
+    std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::shared_ptr<IAllocator>>> filteredInstances;
+    filteredInstances.reserve(instanceNames.size());
+    for (const auto& name : instanceNames) {
+        auto allocator =
+                IAllocator::fromBinder(ndk::SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_checkService(name.c_str())));
+        int32_t version = 0;
+        if (allocator->getInterfaceVersion(&version).isOk()) {
+            if (version >= minVersion) {
+                filteredInstances.emplace_back(name, std::move(allocator));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return filteredInstances;
+}
+
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(GraphicsMapperStableCTests);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(PerInstance, GraphicsMapperStableCTests,
+                        testing::ValuesIn(getIAllocatorsAtLeastVersion(2)),
+                        [](auto info) -> std::string {
+                            std::string name =
+                                    std::to_string(info.index) + "/" + std::get<0>(info.param);
+                            return Sanitize(name);
+                        });
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/identity/aidl/Android.bp b/identity/aidl/Android.bp
index c05dd33..2090473 100644
--- a/identity/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/identity/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -67,20 +67,20 @@
 cc_defaults {
     name: "identity_use_latest_hal_aidl_ndk_static",
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.identity-V5-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.identity-V4-ndk",
     ],
 }
 
 cc_defaults {
     name: "identity_use_latest_hal_aidl_ndk_shared",
     shared_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.identity-V5-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.identity-V4-ndk",
     ],
 }
 
 cc_defaults {
     name: "identity_use_latest_hal_aidl_cpp_static",
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.identity-V5-cpp",
+        "android.hardware.identity-V4-cpp",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/EicOpsImpl.cc b/identity/aidl/default/EicOpsImpl.cc
index b6d324f..803df64 100644
--- a/identity/aidl/default/EicOpsImpl.cc
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/EicOpsImpl.cc
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@
 }
 
 bool eicOpsEcdh(const uint8_t publicKey[EIC_P256_PUB_KEY_SIZE],
-                const uint8_t privateKey[EIC_P256_PUB_KEY_SIZE],
+                const uint8_t privateKey[EIC_P256_PRIV_KEY_SIZE],
                 uint8_t sharedSecret[EIC_P256_COORDINATE_SIZE]) {
     vector<uint8_t> pubKeyVec(EIC_P256_PUB_KEY_SIZE + 1);
     pubKeyVec[0] = 0x04;
diff --git a/memtrack/aidl/Android.bp b/memtrack/aidl/Android.bp
index 79effcb..0d1c241 100644
--- a/memtrack/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/memtrack/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -39,5 +39,6 @@
             },
         },
     },
+    frozen: true,
     versions: ["1"],
 }
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index a41f37f..8048e62 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
     name: "neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults",
     defaults: [
         "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
-        "neuralnetworks_float16",
     ],
 }
 
diff --git a/oemlock/aidl/default/OemLock.cpp b/oemlock/aidl/default/OemLock.cpp
index 646b532..234a8a9 100644
--- a/oemlock/aidl/default/OemLock.cpp
+++ b/oemlock/aidl/default/OemLock.cpp
@@ -24,29 +24,31 @@
 // Methods from ::android::hardware::oemlock::IOemLock follow.
 
 ::ndk::ScopedAStatus OemLock::getName(std::string *out_name) {
-    (void)out_name;
+    *out_name = "SomeCoolName";
     return ::ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ::ndk::ScopedAStatus OemLock::setOemUnlockAllowedByCarrier(bool in_allowed, const std::vector<uint8_t> &in_signature, OemLockSecureStatus *_aidl_return) {
-    (void)in_allowed;
+    // Default impl doesn't care about a valid vendor signature
     (void)in_signature;
-    (void)_aidl_return;
+
+    mAllowedByCarrier = in_allowed;
+    *_aidl_return = OemLockSecureStatus::OK;
     return ::ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ::ndk::ScopedAStatus OemLock::isOemUnlockAllowedByCarrier(bool *out_allowed) {
-    (void)out_allowed;
+    *out_allowed = mAllowedByCarrier;
     return ::ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ::ndk::ScopedAStatus OemLock::setOemUnlockAllowedByDevice(bool in_allowed) {
-    (void)in_allowed;
+    mAllowedByDevice = in_allowed;
     return ::ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ::ndk::ScopedAStatus OemLock::isOemUnlockAllowedByDevice(bool *out_allowed) {
-    (void)out_allowed;
+    *out_allowed = mAllowedByDevice;
     return ::ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
diff --git a/oemlock/aidl/default/OemLock.h b/oemlock/aidl/default/OemLock.h
index b0df414..9dff21a 100644
--- a/oemlock/aidl/default/OemLock.h
+++ b/oemlock/aidl/default/OemLock.h
@@ -36,6 +36,10 @@
     ::ndk::ScopedAStatus isOemUnlockAllowedByDevice(bool* out_allowed) override;
     ::ndk::ScopedAStatus setOemUnlockAllowedByCarrier(bool in_allowed, const std::vector<uint8_t>& in_signature, OemLockSecureStatus* _aidl_return) override;
     ::ndk::ScopedAStatus setOemUnlockAllowedByDevice(bool in_allowed) override;
+
+  private:
+    bool mAllowedByCarrier = false;
+    bool mAllowedByDevice = false;
 };
 
 } // namespace oemlock
diff --git a/secure_element/aidl/Android.bp b/secure_element/aidl/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6450eb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+aidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.secure_element",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    host_supported: true,
+    srcs: ["android/hardware/secure_element/*.aidl"],
+    stability: "vintf",
+    backend: {
+        cpp: {
+            enabled: false,
+        },
+        java: {
+            sdk_version: "system_current",
+        },
+    },
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalSecureElementTargetTest",
+    defaults: [
+        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
+        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+    ],
+    srcs: ["vts/VtsHalSecureElementTargetTest.cpp"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.secure_element-V1-ndk",
+        "libgmock",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/secure_element/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.secure_element/current/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElement.aidl b/secure_element/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.secure_element/current/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElement.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fba29ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.secure_element/current/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElement.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.hardware.secure_element;
+@VintfStability
+interface ISecureElement {
+  void closeChannel(in byte channelNumber);
+  byte[] getAtr();
+  void init(in android.hardware.secure_element.ISecureElementCallback clientCallback);
+  boolean isCardPresent();
+  byte[] openBasicChannel(in byte[] aid, in byte p2);
+  android.hardware.secure_element.LogicalChannelResponse openLogicalChannel(in byte[] aid, in byte p2);
+  void reset();
+  byte[] transmit(in byte[] data);
+  const int FAILED = 1;
+  const int CHANNEL_NOT_AVAILABLE = 2;
+  const int NO_SUCH_ELEMENT_ERROR = 3;
+  const int UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION = 4;
+  const int IOERROR = 5;
+}
diff --git a/secure_element/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.secure_element/current/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElementCallback.aidl b/secure_element/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.secure_element/current/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElementCallback.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c2be2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.secure_element/current/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElementCallback.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.hardware.secure_element;
+@VintfStability
+interface ISecureElementCallback {
+  void onStateChange(in boolean connected, in String debugReason);
+}
diff --git a/secure_element/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.secure_element/current/android/hardware/secure_element/LogicalChannelResponse.aidl b/secure_element/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.secure_element/current/android/hardware/secure_element/LogicalChannelResponse.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2e7f04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.secure_element/current/android/hardware/secure_element/LogicalChannelResponse.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.hardware.secure_element;
+@VintfStability
+parcelable LogicalChannelResponse {
+  byte channelNumber;
+  byte[] selectResponse;
+}
diff --git a/secure_element/aidl/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElement.aidl b/secure_element/aidl/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElement.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c5a704
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/aidl/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElement.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.secure_element;
+
+import android.hardware.secure_element.ISecureElementCallback;
+import android.hardware.secure_element.LogicalChannelResponse;
+
+@VintfStability
+interface ISecureElement {
+    const int FAILED = 1;
+    const int CHANNEL_NOT_AVAILABLE = 2;
+    const int NO_SUCH_ELEMENT_ERROR = 3;
+    const int UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION = 4;
+    const int IOERROR = 5;
+
+    /**
+     * Closes the channel indicated by the channelNumber.
+     *
+     * @throws ServiceSpecificException Closing a channel must return
+     *     FAILED on an error or if a basic channel (i.e. channel 0)
+     *     is used.
+     *
+     * @param channelNumber to be closed
+     */
+    void closeChannel(in byte channelNumber);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns Answer to Reset as per ISO/IEC 7816
+     *
+     * @return containing the response. Empty vector if Secure Element
+     *                  doesn't support ATR.
+     */
+    byte[] getAtr();
+
+    /**
+     * Initializes the Secure Element. This may include updating the applet
+     * and/or vendor-specific initialization.
+     *
+     * HAL service must send onStateChange() with connected equal to true
+     * after all the initialization has been successfully completed.
+     * Clients must wait for a onStateChange(true) before opening channels.
+     *
+     * @param clientCallback callback used to sent status of the SE back to the
+     *                       client
+     */
+    void init(in ISecureElementCallback clientCallback);
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the current state of the card.
+     *
+     * This is useful for removable Secure Elements like UICC,
+     * Secure Elements on SD cards etc.
+     *
+     * @return true if present, false otherwise
+     */
+    boolean isCardPresent();
+
+    /**
+     * Opens a basic channel with the Secure Element, selecting the applet
+     * represented by the Application ID (AID). A basic channel has channel
+     * number 0.
+     *
+     * @throws ServiceSpecificException with codes
+     *  - CHANNEL_NOT_AVAILABLE if secure element has reached the maximum
+     *    limit on the number of channels it can support.
+     *  - NO_SUCH_ELEMENT_ERROR if AID provided doesn't match any applet
+     *    on the secure element.
+     *  - UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION if operation provided by the P2 parameter
+     *    is not permitted by the applet.
+     *  - IOERROR if there was an error communicating with the Secure Element.
+     *
+     * @param aid AID to uniquely identify the applet on the Secure Element
+     * @param p2 P2 parameter of SELECT APDU as per ISO 7816-4
+     *
+     * @return On success, response to SELECT command.
+     */
+    byte[] openBasicChannel(in byte[] aid, in byte p2);
+
+    /**
+     * Opens a logical channel with the Secure Element, selecting the applet
+     * represented by the Application ID (AID).
+     *
+     * @param aid AID to uniquely identify the applet on the Secure Element
+     * @param p2 P2 parameter of SELECT APDU as per ISO 7816-4
+     * @throws ServiceSpecificException on error with the following code:
+     *  - CHANNEL_NOT_AVAILABLE if secure element has reached the maximum
+     *    limit on the number of channels it can support.
+     *  - NO_SUCH_ELEMENT_ERROR if AID provided doesn't match any applet
+     *    on the secure element.
+     *  - UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION if operation provided by the P2 parameter
+     *    is not permitted by the applet.
+     *  - IOERROR if there was an error communicating with the Secure Element.
+     *
+     * @return On success, response to SELECT command
+     */
+    LogicalChannelResponse openLogicalChannel(in byte[] aid, in byte p2);
+
+    /**
+     * Reset the Secure Element.
+     *
+     * HAL should trigger reset to the secure element. It could hardware power cycle or
+     * a soft reset depends on the hardware design.
+     * HAL service must send onStateChange() with connected equal to true
+     * after resetting and all the re-initialization has been successfully completed.
+     */
+    void reset();
+
+    /**
+     * Transmits an APDU command (as per ISO/IEC 7816) to the SE.
+     *
+     * @param data APDU command to be sent
+     * @return response to the command
+     */
+    byte[] transmit(in byte[] data);
+}
diff --git a/secure_element/aidl/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElementCallback.aidl b/secure_element/aidl/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElementCallback.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d15a7fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/aidl/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElementCallback.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.secure_element;
+
+@VintfStability
+interface ISecureElementCallback {
+    /**
+     * Used to inform the client about changes in the state of the Secure
+     * Element.
+     *
+     * @param connected indicates the current state of the SE
+     * @param reason provides additional data why there was a change in state
+     *               ex. initialization error, SE removed etc
+     *               This is used only for debugging purpose to understand
+     *               in-field issues.
+     */
+    void onStateChange(in boolean connected, in String debugReason);
+}
diff --git a/secure_element/aidl/android/hardware/secure_element/LogicalChannelResponse.aidl b/secure_element/aidl/android/hardware/secure_element/LogicalChannelResponse.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65ea71e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/aidl/android/hardware/secure_element/LogicalChannelResponse.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.secure_element;
+
+@VintfStability
+parcelable LogicalChannelResponse {
+    /**
+     * Channel number to uniquely identify the channel
+     */
+    byte channelNumber;
+    /**
+     * Response to SELECT command as per ISO/IEC 7816
+     */
+    byte[] selectResponse;
+}
diff --git a/secure_element/aidl/default/Android.bp b/secure_element/aidl/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d1bb393
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.secure_element-service.example",
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    vendor: true,
+    init_rc: ["secure_element.rc"],
+    vintf_fragments: ["secure_element.xml"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "android.hardware.secure_element-V1-ndk",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "main.cpp",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/secure_element/aidl/default/main.cpp b/secure_element/aidl/default/main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16b8236
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/aidl/default/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/secure_element/BnSecureElement.h>
+
+#include <android-base/hex.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::secure_element::BnSecureElement;
+using aidl::android::hardware::secure_element::ISecureElementCallback;
+using aidl::android::hardware::secure_element::LogicalChannelResponse;
+using android::base::HexString;
+using ndk::ScopedAStatus;
+
+static const std::vector<uint8_t> kAndroidTestAid = {0xA0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x76, 0x41,
+                                                     0x6E, 0x64, 0x72, 0x6F, 0x69, 0x64,
+                                                     0x43, 0x54, 0x53, 0x31};
+static const std::vector<uint8_t> kLongAndroidTestAid = {0xA0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x76, 0x41,
+                                                         0x6E, 0x64, 0x72, 0x6F, 0x69, 0x64,
+                                                         0x43, 0x54, 0x53, 0x32};
+
+class MySecureElement : public BnSecureElement {
+  public:
+    ScopedAStatus closeChannel(int8_t channelNumber) override {
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " channel number: " << channelNumber;
+        return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    ScopedAStatus getAtr(std::vector<uint8_t>* _aidl_return) override {
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__;
+        _aidl_return->clear();
+        return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    ScopedAStatus init(const std::shared_ptr<ISecureElementCallback>& clientCallback) override {
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " callback: " << clientCallback.get();
+        if (!clientCallback) {
+            return ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_NULL_POINTER);
+        }
+        mCb = clientCallback;
+        mCb->onStateChange(true, "");
+        return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    ScopedAStatus isCardPresent(bool* _aidl_return) override {
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__;
+        *_aidl_return = true;
+        return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    ScopedAStatus openBasicChannel(const std::vector<uint8_t>& aid, int8_t p2,
+                                   std::vector<uint8_t>* _aidl_return) override {
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " aid: " << HexString(aid.data(), aid.size()) << " (" << aid.size()
+                  << ") p2 " << p2;
+
+        // TODO(b/123254068) - this is not an implementation of the OMAPI protocol or APDU.
+        // The functionality here is enough to exercise the framework, but actual
+        // calls to the secure element will fail. This implementation does not model
+        // channel isolation or any other aspects important to implementing secure element.
+        *_aidl_return = {0x90, 0x00, 0x00};  // DO NOT COPY
+        return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    ScopedAStatus openLogicalChannel(
+            const std::vector<uint8_t>& aid, int8_t p2,
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::secure_element::LogicalChannelResponse* _aidl_return)
+            override {
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " aid: " << HexString(aid.data(), aid.size()) << " (" << aid.size()
+                  << ") p2 " << p2;
+
+        if (aid != kAndroidTestAid && aid != kLongAndroidTestAid) {
+            return ScopedAStatus::fromServiceSpecificError(NO_SUCH_ELEMENT_ERROR);
+        }
+
+        *_aidl_return = LogicalChannelResponse{.channelNumber = 1, .selectResponse = {}};
+
+        // TODO(b/123254068) - this is not an implementation of the OMAPI protocol or APDU.
+        // The functionality here is enough to exercise the framework, but actual
+        // calls to the secure element will fail. This implementation does not model
+        // channel isolation or any other aspects important to implementing secure element.
+        if (aid == kAndroidTestAid) {                                 // DO NOT COPY
+            size_t size = 2050;                                       // DO NOT COPY
+            _aidl_return->selectResponse.resize(size);                // DO NOT COPY
+            _aidl_return->selectResponse[size - 1] = 0x00;            // DO NOT COPY
+            _aidl_return->selectResponse[size - 2] = 0x90;            // DO NOT COPY
+        } else {                                                      // DO NOT COPY
+            _aidl_return->selectResponse = {0x00, 0x00, 0x90, 0x00};  // DO NOT COPY
+        }                                                             // DO NOT COPY
+
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " sending response: "
+                  << HexString(_aidl_return->selectResponse.data(),
+                               _aidl_return->selectResponse.size());
+
+        return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    ScopedAStatus reset() override {
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__;
+        mCb->onStateChange(false, "reset");
+        mCb->onStateChange(true, "reset");
+        return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    ScopedAStatus transmit(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                           std::vector<uint8_t>* _aidl_return) override {
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " data: " << HexString(data.data(), data.size()) << " ("
+                  << data.size() << ")";
+
+        // TODO(b/123254068) - this is not an implementation of the OMAPI protocol or APDU.
+        // The functionality here is enough to exercise the framework, but actual
+        // calls to the secure element will fail. This implementation does not model
+        // channel isolation or any other aspects important to implementing secure element.
+
+        std::string hex = HexString(data.data(), data.size());                    // DO NOT COPY
+        if (hex == "01a4040210a000000476416e64726f696443545331") {                // DO NOT COPY
+            *_aidl_return = {0x00, 0x6A, 0x00};                                   // DO NOT COPY
+        } else if (data == std::vector<uint8_t>{0x00, 0xF4, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}) {  // DO NOT COPY
+            // CHECK_SELECT_P2_APDU w/ channel 1 // DO NOT COPY
+            *_aidl_return = {0x00, 0x90, 0x00};                                   // DO NOT COPY
+        } else if (data == std::vector<uint8_t>{0x01, 0xF4, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}) {  // DO NOT COPY
+            // CHECK_SELECT_P2_APDU w/ channel 1 // DO NOT COPY
+            *_aidl_return = {0x00, 0x90, 0x00};             // DO NOT COPY
+        } else if (data.size() == 5 || data.size() == 8) {  // DO NOT COPY
+            // SEGMENTED_RESP_APDU - happens to use length 5 and 8 // DO NOT COPY
+            size_t size = (data[2] << 8 | data[3]) + 2;       // DO NOT COPY
+            _aidl_return->resize(size);                       // DO NOT COPY
+            (*_aidl_return)[size - 1] = 0x00;                 // DO NOT COPY
+            (*_aidl_return)[size - 2] = 0x90;                 // DO NOT COPY
+            if (size >= 3) (*_aidl_return)[size - 3] = 0xFF;  // DO NOT COPY
+        } else {                                              // DO NOT COPY
+            *_aidl_return = {0x90, 0x00, 0x00};               // DO NOT COPY
+        }                                                     // DO NOT COPY
+
+        return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::shared_ptr<ISecureElementCallback> mCb;
+};
+
+int main() {
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(0);
+
+    auto se = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<MySecureElement>();
+    const std::string name = std::string() + BnSecureElement::descriptor + "/eSE1";
+    binder_status_t status = AServiceManager_addService(se->asBinder().get(), name.c_str());
+    CHECK_EQ(status, STATUS_OK);
+
+    ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;  // should not reach
+}
diff --git a/secure_element/aidl/default/secure_element.rc b/secure_element/aidl/default/secure_element.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d21666
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/aidl/default/secure_element.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+service vendor.secure_element /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.secure_element-service.example
+    class hal
+    user nobody
+    group nobody
diff --git a/secure_element/aidl/default/secure_element.xml b/secure_element/aidl/default/secure_element.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96ab2e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/aidl/default/secure_element.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<manifest version="1.0" type="device">
+    <hal format="aidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.secure_element</name>
+        <version>1</version>
+        <fqname>ISecureElement/eSE1</fqname>
+    </hal>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/secure_element/aidl/vts/VtsHalSecureElementTargetTest.cpp b/secure_element/aidl/vts/VtsHalSecureElementTargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a85a8bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/aidl/vts/VtsHalSecureElementTargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <aidl/Gtest.h>
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/secure_element/BnSecureElementCallback.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/secure_element/ISecureElement.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <mutex>
+
+using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::secure_element::BnSecureElementCallback;
+using aidl::android::hardware::secure_element::ISecureElement;
+using aidl::android::hardware::secure_element::LogicalChannelResponse;
+using ndk::ScopedAStatus;
+using ndk::SharedRefBase;
+using ndk::SpAIBinder;
+using testing::ElementsAre;
+using testing::ElementsAreArray;
+
+#define EXPECT_OK(status)                                                \
+    do {                                                                 \
+        auto status_impl = (status);                                     \
+        EXPECT_TRUE(status_impl.isOk()) << status_impl.getDescription(); \
+    } while (false)
+
+static const std::vector<uint8_t> kDataApdu = {0x00, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00};
+static const std::vector<uint8_t> kAndroidTestAid = {0xA0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x76, 0x41,
+                                                     0x6E, 0x64, 0x72, 0x6F, 0x69, 0x64,
+                                                     0x43, 0x54, 0x53, 0x31};
+
+class MySecureElementCallback : public BnSecureElementCallback {
+  public:
+    ScopedAStatus onStateChange(bool state, const std::string& debugReason) override {
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(m);
+            (void)debugReason;
+            history.push_back(state);
+        }
+        cv.notify_one();
+        return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    };
+
+    void expectCallbackHistory(std::vector<bool>&& want) {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(m);
+        cv.wait_for(l, 2s, [&]() { return history.size() >= want.size(); });
+        EXPECT_THAT(history, ElementsAreArray(want));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    std::mutex m;  // guards history
+    std::condition_variable cv;
+    std::vector<bool> history;
+};
+
+class SecureElementAidl : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        SpAIBinder binder = SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_waitForService(GetParam().c_str()));
+        se = ISecureElement::fromBinder(binder);
+        ASSERT_NE(se, nullptr);
+
+        cb = SharedRefBase::make<MySecureElementCallback>();
+        EXPECT_OK(se->init(cb));
+
+        cb->expectCallbackHistory({true});
+    }
+
+    std::shared_ptr<ISecureElement> se;
+    std::shared_ptr<MySecureElementCallback> cb;
+};
+
+TEST_P(SecureElementAidl, isCardPresent) {
+    bool res = false;
+    EXPECT_OK(se->isCardPresent(&res));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(res);
+}
+
+TEST_P(SecureElementAidl, transmit) {
+    LogicalChannelResponse response;
+    EXPECT_OK(se->openLogicalChannel(kAndroidTestAid, 0x00, &response));
+
+    EXPECT_GE(response.selectResponse.size(), 2u);
+    EXPECT_GE(response.channelNumber, 1);
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> command = kDataApdu;
+    command[0] |= response.channelNumber;
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> transmitResponse;
+    EXPECT_OK(se->transmit(command, &transmitResponse));
+
+    EXPECT_LE(transmitResponse.size(), 3);
+    EXPECT_GE(transmitResponse.size(), 2);
+    EXPECT_EQ(transmitResponse[transmitResponse.size() - 1], 0x00);
+    EXPECT_EQ(transmitResponse[transmitResponse.size() - 2], 0x90);
+
+    EXPECT_OK(se->closeChannel(response.channelNumber));
+}
+
+TEST_P(SecureElementAidl, openBasicChannel) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> response;
+    auto status = se->openBasicChannel(kAndroidTestAid, 0x00, &response);
+
+    if (!status.isOk()) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(status.getServiceSpecificError(), ISecureElement::CHANNEL_NOT_AVAILABLE)
+                << status.getDescription();
+        return;
+    }
+
+    EXPECT_GE(response.size(), 2u);
+    EXPECT_OK(se->closeChannel(0));
+}
+
+TEST_P(SecureElementAidl, getAtr) {
+    std::vector<uint8_t> atr;
+    EXPECT_OK(se->getAtr(&atr));
+    if (atr.size() == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+    EXPECT_LE(atr.size(), 32u);
+    EXPECT_GE(atr.size(), 1u);
+}
+
+TEST_P(SecureElementAidl, openCloseLogicalChannel) {
+    LogicalChannelResponse response;
+    EXPECT_OK(se->openLogicalChannel(kAndroidTestAid, 0x00, &response));
+    EXPECT_GE(response.selectResponse.size(), 2u);
+    EXPECT_GE(response.channelNumber, 1);
+    EXPECT_OK(se->closeChannel(response.channelNumber));
+}
+
+TEST_P(SecureElementAidl, openInvalidAid) {
+    LogicalChannelResponse response;
+    auto status = se->openLogicalChannel({0x42}, 0x00, &response);
+    EXPECT_EQ(status.getServiceSpecificError(), ISecureElement::NO_SUCH_ELEMENT_ERROR)
+            << status.getDescription();
+}
+
+TEST_P(SecureElementAidl, Reset) {
+    cb->expectCallbackHistory({true});
+    EXPECT_OK(se->reset());
+    cb->expectCallbackHistory({true, false, true});
+}
+
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(SecureElementAidl);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        SecureElement, SecureElementAidl,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(ISecureElement::descriptor)),
+        android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(1);
+    ABinderProcess_startThreadPool();
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/KeyCreationResult.aidl b/security/keymint/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/KeyCreationResult.aidl
index 4c2be89..294c205 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/KeyCreationResult.aidl
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/KeyCreationResult.aidl
@@ -125,9 +125,9 @@
      * straightforward translation of the KeyMint tag/value parameter lists to ASN.1.
      *
      * KeyDescription ::= SEQUENCE {
-     *     attestationVersion         INTEGER, # Value 200
+     *     attestationVersion         INTEGER, # Value 300
      *     attestationSecurityLevel   SecurityLevel, # See below
-     *     keyMintVersion             INTEGER, # Value 200
+     *     keyMintVersion             INTEGER, # Value 300
      *     keymintSecurityLevel       SecurityLevel, # See below
      *     attestationChallenge       OCTET_STRING, # Tag::ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE from attestParams
      *     uniqueId                   OCTET_STRING, # Empty unless key has Tag::INCLUDE_UNIQUE_ID
@@ -209,6 +209,7 @@
      *     vendorPatchLevel           [718] EXPLICIT INTEGER OPTIONAL,
      *     bootPatchLevel             [719] EXPLICIT INTEGER OPTIONAL,
      *     deviceUniqueAttestation    [720] EXPLICIT NULL OPTIONAL,
+     *     attestationIdSecondImei    [723] EXPLICIT OCTET_STRING OPTIONAL,
      * }
      */
     Certificate[] certificateChain;
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AttestKeyTest.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AttestKeyTest.cpp
index f4c0095..ea4ba18 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AttestKeyTest.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AttestKeyTest.cpp
@@ -892,6 +892,7 @@
 
         ASSERT_TRUE(result == ErrorCode::CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS || result == ErrorCode::INVALID_TAG)
                 << "result = " << result;
+        device_id_attestation_vsr_check(result);
     }
     CheckedDeleteKey(&attest_key.keyBlob);
 }
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/DeviceUniqueAttestationTest.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/DeviceUniqueAttestationTest.cpp
index cd140c8..26dc3f5 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/DeviceUniqueAttestationTest.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/DeviceUniqueAttestationTest.cpp
@@ -348,8 +348,8 @@
         // Add the tag that doesn't match the local device's real ID.
         builder.push_back(invalid_tag);
         auto result = GenerateKey(builder, &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
-
         ASSERT_TRUE(result == ErrorCode::CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS || result == ErrorCode::INVALID_TAG);
+        device_id_attestation_vsr_check(result);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp
index 80abd92..43ad30a 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp
@@ -2031,6 +2031,16 @@
     *signingKey = std::move(pubKey);
 }
 
+void device_id_attestation_vsr_check(const ErrorCode& result) {
+    if (get_vsr_api_level() >= 34) {
+        ASSERT_FALSE(result == ErrorCode::INVALID_TAG)
+                << "It is a specification violation for INVALID_TAG to be returned due to ID "
+                << "mismatch in a Device ID Attestation call. INVALID_TAG is only intended to "
+                << "be used for a case where updateAad() is called after update(). As of "
+                << "VSR-14, this is now enforced as an error.";
+    }
+}
+
 }  // namespace test
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::security::keymint
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.h b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.h
index 67e8b21..5b09ca5 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.h
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.h
@@ -395,6 +395,7 @@
 void check_maced_pubkey(const MacedPublicKey& macedPubKey, bool testMode,
                         vector<uint8_t>* payload_value);
 void p256_pub_key(const vector<uint8_t>& coseKeyData, EVP_PKEY_Ptr* signingKey);
+void device_id_attestation_vsr_check(const ErrorCode& result);
 
 AuthorizationSet HwEnforcedAuthorizations(const vector<KeyCharacteristics>& key_characteristics);
 AuthorizationSet SwEnforcedAuthorizations(const vector<KeyCharacteristics>& key_characteristics);
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests.cpp
index 5b11741..6d9c8c9 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests.cpp
@@ -181,15 +181,6 @@
         return params;
     }
 
-    void checkMacedPubkeyVersioned(const MacedPublicKey& macedPubKey, bool testMode,
-                                   vector<uint8_t>* payload_value) {
-        if (rpcHardwareInfo.versionNumber >= VERSION_WITHOUT_TEST_MODE) {
-            check_maced_pubkey(macedPubKey, false, payload_value);
-        } else {
-            check_maced_pubkey(macedPubKey, testMode, payload_value);
-        }
-    }
-
   protected:
     std::shared_ptr<IRemotelyProvisionedComponent> provisionable_;
     RpcHardwareInfo rpcHardwareInfo;
@@ -251,6 +242,19 @@
     EXPECT_LE(hwInfo.uniqueId->size(), 32);
 }
 
+/**
+ * Verify implementation supports at least MIN_SUPPORTED_NUM_KEYS_IN_CSR keys in a CSR.
+ */
+TEST_P(GetHardwareInfoTests, supportedNumKeysInCsr) {
+    if (rpcHardwareInfo.versionNumber < VERSION_WITHOUT_TEST_MODE) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    RpcHardwareInfo hwInfo;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(provisionable_->getHardwareInfo(&hwInfo).isOk());
+    ASSERT_GE(hwInfo.supportedNumKeysInCsr, RpcHardwareInfo::MIN_SUPPORTED_NUM_KEYS_IN_CSR);
+}
+
 using GenerateKeyTests = VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests;
 
 INSTANTIATE_REM_PROV_AIDL_TEST(GenerateKeyTests);
@@ -266,7 +270,7 @@
     auto status = provisionable_->generateEcdsaP256KeyPair(testMode, &macedPubKey, &privateKeyBlob);
     ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
     vector<uint8_t> coseKeyData;
-    checkMacedPubkeyVersioned(macedPubKey, testMode, &coseKeyData);
+    check_maced_pubkey(macedPubKey, testMode, &coseKeyData);
 }
 
 /**
@@ -289,7 +293,7 @@
     auto status = provisionable_->generateEcdsaP256KeyPair(testMode, &macedPubKey, &privateKeyBlob);
     ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
     vector<uint8_t> coseKeyData;
-    checkMacedPubkeyVersioned(macedPubKey, testMode, &coseKeyData);
+    check_maced_pubkey(macedPubKey, testMode, &coseKeyData);
 
     AttestationKey attestKey;
     attestKey.keyBlob = std::move(privateKeyBlob);
@@ -344,7 +348,7 @@
     bool testMode = true;
     auto status = provisionable_->generateEcdsaP256KeyPair(testMode, &macedPubKey, &privateKeyBlob);
     ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-    checkMacedPubkeyVersioned(macedPubKey, testMode, nullptr);
+    check_maced_pubkey(macedPubKey, testMode, nullptr);
 }
 
 class CertificateRequestTestBase : public VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests {
@@ -369,7 +373,7 @@
             ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
 
             vector<uint8_t> payload_value;
-            checkMacedPubkeyVersioned(key, testMode, &payload_value);
+            check_maced_pubkey(key, testMode, &payload_value);
             cborKeysToSign_.add(cppbor::EncodedItem(payload_value));
         }
     }
@@ -388,8 +392,16 @@
         CertificateRequestTestBase::SetUp();
 
         if (rpcHardwareInfo.versionNumber >= VERSION_WITHOUT_TEST_MODE) {
-            GTEST_SKIP() << "This test case only applies to RKP v1 and v2. "
-                         << "RKP version discovered: " << rpcHardwareInfo.versionNumber;
+            bytevec keysToSignMac;
+            DeviceInfo deviceInfo;
+            ProtectedData protectedData;
+            auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
+                    false, {}, {}, {}, &deviceInfo, &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
+            if (!status.isOk() && (status.getServiceSpecificError() ==
+                                   BnRemotelyProvisionedComponent::STATUS_REMOVED)) {
+                GTEST_SKIP() << "This test case applies to RKP v3+ only if "
+                             << "generateCertificateRequest() is implemented.";
+            }
         }
     }
 };
@@ -728,8 +740,7 @@
  * Generate a non-empty certificate request with multiple keys.
  */
 TEST_P(CertificateRequestV2Test, NonEmptyRequestMultipleKeys) {
-    // TODO(b/254137722): define a minimum number of keys that must be supported.
-    generateKeys(false /* testMode */, 5 /* numKeys */);
+    generateKeys(false /* testMode */, rpcHardwareInfo.supportedNumKeysInCsr /* numKeys */);
 
     bytevec csr;
 
@@ -757,30 +768,17 @@
 }
 
 /**
- * Generate a non-empty certificate request in prod mode, with test keys.  Test mode must be
- * ignored, i.e. test must pass.
+ * Generate a non-empty certificate request in prod mode, with test keys.  Must fail with
+ * STATUS_TEST_KEY_IN_PRODUCTION_REQUEST.
  */
 TEST_P(CertificateRequestV2Test, NonEmptyRequest_testKeyInProdCert) {
     generateKeys(true /* testMode */, 1 /* numKeys */);
 
     bytevec csr;
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequestV2(keysToSign_, challenge_, &csr);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
-}
-
-/**
- * Call generateCertificateRequest(). Make sure it's removed.
- */
-TEST_P(CertificateRequestV2Test, CertificateRequestV1Removed) {
-    generateTestEekChain(2);
-    bytevec keysToSignMac;
-    DeviceInfo deviceInfo;
-    ProtectedData protectedData;
-    auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
-            true /* testMode */, {} /* keysToSign */, testEekChain_.chain, challenge_, &deviceInfo,
-            &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
     ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
-    EXPECT_EQ(status.getServiceSpecificError(), BnRemotelyProvisionedComponent::STATUS_REMOVED);
+    ASSERT_EQ(status.getServiceSpecificError(),
+              BnRemotelyProvisionedComponent::STATUS_TEST_KEY_IN_PRODUCTION_REQUEST);
 }
 
 INSTANTIATE_REM_PROV_AIDL_TEST(CertificateRequestV2Test);
diff --git a/security/rkp/CHANGELOG.md b/security/rkp/CHANGELOG.md
index eb2041d..715cf28 100644
--- a/security/rkp/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/security/rkp/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -27,13 +27,20 @@
     `"android.hardward.security.keymint"`).
 * ProtectedData has been removed.
 * DeviceInfo
-  * `version` has moved to a top-level field within the CSR generated by the HAL
+  * `version` has moved to a top-level field within the CSR generated by the HAL.
 * IRemotelyProvisionedComponent
   * The need for an EEK has been removed. There is no longer an encrypted portion of the CSR.
-  * Test mode has been removed.
+  * Keys for new CSR format must be generated with test mode set to false, effectively removing test
+    mode in the new CSR flow. Old behavior is kept unchanged for backwards compatibility.
   * The schema for the CSR itself has been significantly simplified, please see
     IRemotelyProvisionedComponent.aidl for more details. Notably,
     * the chain of signing, MACing, and encryption operations has been replaced with a single
       COSE_Sign1 object.
     * CertificateType has been added to identify the type of certificate being requested.
-
+    * The structure has been composed to enable a clear split between what is required to validate a
+      payload and the implementation-defined payload itself. This is done by creating a typed
+      `AuthenticatedRequest<T>` object representing the top level data required to authenticate
+      the data provided in the payload, `T`.
+* RpcHardwareInfo
+  * `supportedNumKeysInCsr` added to report the maximum number of keys supported in a CSR.
+  * `supportedEekCurve` is no longer used, due to the removal of the EEK from the scheme.
diff --git a/security/rkp/aidl/Android.bp b/security/rkp/aidl/Android.bp
index 4c479f4..5285477 100644
--- a/security/rkp/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/security/rkp/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@
     backend: {
         java: {
             min_sdk_version: "33",
+            apex_available: [
+                "//apex_available:platform",
+                "com.android.rkpd",
+            ],
         },
         rust: {
             enabled: true,
diff --git a/security/rkp/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.security.rkp/current/android/hardware/security/keymint/RpcHardwareInfo.aidl b/security/rkp/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.security.rkp/current/android/hardware/security/keymint/RpcHardwareInfo.aidl
index 5ff45f8..b1f99e1 100644
--- a/security/rkp/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.security.rkp/current/android/hardware/security/keymint/RpcHardwareInfo.aidl
+++ b/security/rkp/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.security.rkp/current/android/hardware/security/keymint/RpcHardwareInfo.aidl
@@ -39,7 +39,9 @@
   @utf8InCpp String rpcAuthorName;
   int supportedEekCurve = 0;
   @nullable @utf8InCpp String uniqueId;
+  int supportedNumKeysInCsr = 4;
   const int CURVE_NONE = 0;
   const int CURVE_P256 = 1;
   const int CURVE_25519 = 2;
+  const int MIN_SUPPORTED_NUM_KEYS_IN_CSR = 20;
 }
diff --git a/security/rkp/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/IRemotelyProvisionedComponent.aidl b/security/rkp/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/IRemotelyProvisionedComponent.aidl
index 78969d1..5485db3 100644
--- a/security/rkp/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/IRemotelyProvisionedComponent.aidl
+++ b/security/rkp/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/IRemotelyProvisionedComponent.aidl
@@ -132,11 +132,7 @@
      * generateKeyPair generates a new ECDSA P-256 key pair that can be attested by the remote
      * server.
      *
-     * @param in boolean testMode this field is now deprecated. It is ignored by the implementation
-     *        in v3, but retained to simplify backwards compatibility support. V1 and V2
-     *        implementations must still respect the testMode flag.
-     *
-     *        testMode indicates whether the generated key is for testing only. Test keys
+     * @param in boolean testMode indicates whether the generated key is for testing only. Test keys
      *        are marked (see the definition of PublicKey in the MacedPublicKey structure) to
      *        prevent them from being confused with production keys.
      *
@@ -150,8 +146,8 @@
     byte[] generateEcdsaP256KeyPair(in boolean testMode, out MacedPublicKey macedPublicKey);
 
     /**
-     * This method has been removed in version 3 of the HAL. The header is kept around for
-     * backwards compatibility purposes. From v3, this method should raise a
+     * This method can be removed in version 3 of the HAL. The header is kept around for
+     * backwards compatibility purposes. From v3, this method is allowed to raise a
      * ServiceSpecificException with an error code of STATUS_REMOVED.
      *
      * For v1 and v2 implementations:
@@ -306,7 +302,9 @@
      *
      * @param in MacedPublicKey[] keysToSign contains the set of keys to certify. The
      *        IRemotelyProvisionedComponent must validate the MACs on each key.  If any entry in the
-     *        array lacks a valid MAC, the method must return STATUS_INVALID_MAC.
+     *        array lacks a valid MAC, the method must return STATUS_INVALID_MAC.  This method must
+     *        not accept test keys. If any entry in the array is a test key, the method must return
+     *        STATUS_TEST_KEY_IN_PRODUCTION_REQUEST.
      *
      * @param in challenge contains a byte string from the provisioning server which will be
      *        included in the signed data of the CSR structure. Different provisioned backends may
@@ -345,20 +343,20 @@
      * ]
      *
      * ; COSE_Sign1 (untagged)
-     * SignedData<T> = [
+     * SignedData<Data> = [
      *     protected: bstr .cbor { 1 : AlgorithmEdDSA / AlgorithmES256 },
      *     unprotected: {},
-     *     payload: bstr .cbor T / nil,
-     *     signature: bstr         ; PureEd25519(CDI_Leaf_Priv, bstr .cbor SignedDataSigStruct<T>) /
-     *                             ; ECDSA(CDI_Leaf_Priv, bstr .cbor SignedDataSigStruct<T>)
+     *     payload: bstr .cbor Data / nil,
+     *     signature: bstr      ; PureEd25519(CDI_Leaf_Priv, bstr .cbor SignedDataSigStruct<Data>) /
+     *                          ; ECDSA(CDI_Leaf_Priv, bstr .cbor SignedDataSigStruct<Data>)
      * ]
      *
      * ; Sig_structure for SignedData
-     * SignedDataSigStruct<T> = [
+     * SignedDataSigStruct<Data> = [
      *     context: "Signature1",
      *     protected: bstr .cbor { 1 : AlgorithmEdDSA / AlgorithmES256 },
      *     external_aad: bstr .size 0,
-     *     payload: bstr .cbor T
+     *     payload: bstr .cbor Data / nil,
      * ]
      *
      * ; UdsCerts allows the platform to provide additional certifications for the UDS_Pub. For
diff --git a/security/rkp/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/RpcHardwareInfo.aidl b/security/rkp/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/RpcHardwareInfo.aidl
index 0cb33ce..d0b059d 100644
--- a/security/rkp/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/RpcHardwareInfo.aidl
+++ b/security/rkp/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/RpcHardwareInfo.aidl
@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@
     const int CURVE_25519 = 2;
 
     /**
-     * Implementation version of the remotely provisioned component hardware.  The version number is
-     * implementation defined, and not necessarily globally meaningful.  The version is used to
-     * distinguish between different versions of a given implementation.
+     * Implementation version of the remotely provisioned component hardware. The version provided
+     * here must match the version reported in the CsrPayload produced by the HAL interface. This
+     * field primarily acts as a convenience for the system components interacting with the HALs.
      */
     int versionNumber;
 
@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@
     @utf8InCpp String rpcAuthorName;
 
     /**
+     * NOTE: This field is no longer used as of version 3 of the HAL interface. This is because the
+     *       Endpoint Encryption Key is no longer used in the provisioning scheme.
+     *
      * supportedEekCurve returns an int representing which curve is supported for validating
      * signatures over the Endpoint Encryption Key certificate chain and for using the corresponding
      * signed encryption key in ECDH. Only one curve should be supported, with preference for 25519
@@ -74,4 +77,17 @@
      *
      */
     @nullable @utf8InCpp String uniqueId;
+
+    /**
+     * supportedNumKeysInCsr is the maximum number of keys in a CSR that this implementation can
+     * support. This value is implementation defined.
+     *
+     * From version 3 onwards, supportedNumKeysInCsr must be larger or equal to
+     * MIN_SUPPORTED_NUM_KEYS_IN_CSR.
+     *
+     * The default value was chosen as the value enforced by the VTS test in versions 1 and 2 of
+     * this interface.
+     */
+    const int MIN_SUPPORTED_NUM_KEYS_IN_CSR = 20;
+    int supportedNumKeysInCsr = 4;
 }
diff --git a/sensors/aidl/Android.bp b/sensors/aidl/Android.bp
index d04017c..9673190 100644
--- a/sensors/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/sensors/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
     name: "android.hardware.sensors",
     vendor_available: true,
     srcs: ["android/hardware/sensors/*.aidl"],
+    host_supported: true,
     imports: [
         "android.hardware.common-V2",
         "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1",
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/Android.bp b/sensors/aidl/convert/Android.bp
similarity index 68%
copy from audio/aidl/default/reverb/Android.bp
copy to sensors/aidl/convert/Android.bp
index 955038c..d47de8e 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/reverb/Android.bp
+++ b/sensors/aidl/convert/Android.bp
@@ -23,18 +23,22 @@
     default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
 }
 
-cc_library_shared {
-    name: "libreverbsw",
-    defaults: [
-        "aidlaudioeffectservice_defaults",
-        "latest_android_media_audio_common_types_ndk_shared",
-        "latest_android_hardware_audio_effect_ndk_shared",
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "android.hardware.sensors-V1-convert",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    host_supported: true,
+    srcs: ["convert.cpp"],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "liblog",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libhardware",
+        "libbase",
+        "libutils",
+        "android.hardware.sensors-V1-ndk",
     ],
-    srcs: [
-        "ReverbSw.cpp",
-        ":effectCommonFile",
-    ],
-    visibility: [
-        "//hardware/interfaces/audio/aidl/default",
+    local_include_dirs: ["include/aidl/sensors"],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "libhardware",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/sensors/aidl/convert/convert.cpp b/sensors/aidl/convert/convert.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..415f435
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sensors/aidl/convert/convert.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,496 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "aidl/sensors/convert.h"
+#include "android-base/logging.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace sensors {
+namespace implementation {
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::sensors::AdditionalInfo;
+using aidl::android::hardware::sensors::DynamicSensorInfo;
+using aidl::android::hardware::sensors::Event;
+using aidl::android::hardware::sensors::ISensors;
+using aidl::android::hardware::sensors::SensorInfo;
+using aidl::android::hardware::sensors::SensorStatus;
+using aidl::android::hardware::sensors::SensorType;
+
+status_t convertToStatus(ndk::ScopedAStatus status) {
+    if (status.isOk()) {
+        return OK;
+    } else {
+        switch (status.getExceptionCode()) {
+            case EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT: {
+                return BAD_VALUE;
+            }
+            case EX_SECURITY: {
+                return PERMISSION_DENIED;
+            }
+            case EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION: {
+                return INVALID_OPERATION;
+            }
+            case EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC: {
+                switch (status.getServiceSpecificError()) {
+                    case ISensors::ERROR_BAD_VALUE: {
+                        return BAD_VALUE;
+                    }
+                    case ISensors::ERROR_NO_MEMORY: {
+                        return NO_MEMORY;
+                    }
+                    default: {
+                        return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            default: {
+                return UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void convertToSensor(const SensorInfo& src, sensor_t* dst) {
+    dst->name = strdup(src.name.c_str());
+    dst->vendor = strdup(src.vendor.c_str());
+    dst->version = src.version;
+    dst->handle = src.sensorHandle;
+    dst->type = (int)src.type;
+    dst->maxRange = src.maxRange;
+    dst->resolution = src.resolution;
+    dst->power = src.power;
+    dst->minDelay = src.minDelayUs;
+    dst->fifoReservedEventCount = src.fifoReservedEventCount;
+    dst->fifoMaxEventCount = src.fifoMaxEventCount;
+    dst->stringType = strdup(src.typeAsString.c_str());
+    dst->requiredPermission = strdup(src.requiredPermission.c_str());
+    dst->maxDelay = src.maxDelayUs;
+    dst->flags = src.flags;
+    dst->reserved[0] = dst->reserved[1] = 0;
+}
+
+void convertToSensorEvent(const Event& src, sensors_event_t* dst) {
+    *dst = {.version = sizeof(sensors_event_t),
+            .sensor = src.sensorHandle,
+            .type = (int32_t)src.sensorType,
+            .reserved0 = 0,
+            .timestamp = src.timestamp};
+
+    switch (src.sensorType) {
+        case SensorType::META_DATA: {
+            // Legacy HALs expect the handle reference in the meta data field.
+            // Copy it over from the handle of the event.
+            dst->meta_data.what = (int32_t)src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::meta>().what;
+            dst->meta_data.sensor = src.sensorHandle;
+            // Set the sensor handle to 0 to maintain compatibility.
+            dst->sensor = 0;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::ACCELEROMETER:
+        case SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD:
+        case SensorType::ORIENTATION:
+        case SensorType::GYROSCOPE:
+        case SensorType::GRAVITY:
+        case SensorType::LINEAR_ACCELERATION: {
+            dst->acceleration.x = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::vec3>().x;
+            dst->acceleration.y = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::vec3>().y;
+            dst->acceleration.z = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::vec3>().z;
+            dst->acceleration.status = (int32_t)src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::vec3>().status;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::GAME_ROTATION_VECTOR: {
+            dst->data[0] = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::vec4>().x;
+            dst->data[1] = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::vec4>().y;
+            dst->data[2] = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::vec4>().z;
+            dst->data[3] = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::vec4>().w;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::ROTATION_VECTOR:
+        case SensorType::GEOMAGNETIC_ROTATION_VECTOR: {
+            dst->data[0] = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::data>().values[0];
+            dst->data[1] = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::data>().values[1];
+            dst->data[2] = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::data>().values[2];
+            dst->data[3] = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::data>().values[3];
+            dst->data[4] = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::data>().values[4];
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD_UNCALIBRATED:
+        case SensorType::GYROSCOPE_UNCALIBRATED:
+        case SensorType::ACCELEROMETER_UNCALIBRATED: {
+            dst->uncalibrated_gyro.x_uncalib = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::uncal>().x;
+            dst->uncalibrated_gyro.y_uncalib = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::uncal>().y;
+            dst->uncalibrated_gyro.z_uncalib = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::uncal>().z;
+            dst->uncalibrated_gyro.x_bias = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::uncal>().xBias;
+            dst->uncalibrated_gyro.y_bias = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::uncal>().yBias;
+            dst->uncalibrated_gyro.z_bias = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::uncal>().zBias;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::HINGE_ANGLE:
+        case SensorType::DEVICE_ORIENTATION:
+        case SensorType::LIGHT:
+        case SensorType::PRESSURE:
+        case SensorType::PROXIMITY:
+        case SensorType::RELATIVE_HUMIDITY:
+        case SensorType::AMBIENT_TEMPERATURE:
+        case SensorType::SIGNIFICANT_MOTION:
+        case SensorType::STEP_DETECTOR:
+        case SensorType::TILT_DETECTOR:
+        case SensorType::WAKE_GESTURE:
+        case SensorType::GLANCE_GESTURE:
+        case SensorType::PICK_UP_GESTURE:
+        case SensorType::WRIST_TILT_GESTURE:
+        case SensorType::STATIONARY_DETECT:
+        case SensorType::MOTION_DETECT:
+        case SensorType::HEART_BEAT:
+        case SensorType::LOW_LATENCY_OFFBODY_DETECT: {
+            dst->data[0] = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::scalar>();
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::STEP_COUNTER: {
+            dst->u64.step_counter = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::stepCount>();
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::HEART_RATE: {
+            dst->heart_rate.bpm = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::heartRate>().bpm;
+            dst->heart_rate.status =
+                    (int8_t)src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::heartRate>().status;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::POSE_6DOF: {  // 15 floats
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < 15; ++i) {
+                dst->data[i] = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::pose6DOF>().values[i];
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::DYNAMIC_SENSOR_META: {
+            dst->dynamic_sensor_meta.connected =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::dynamic>().connected;
+            dst->dynamic_sensor_meta.handle =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::dynamic>().sensorHandle;
+            dst->dynamic_sensor_meta.sensor = NULL;  // to be filled in later
+
+            memcpy(dst->dynamic_sensor_meta.uuid,
+                   src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::dynamic>().uuid.values.data(), 16);
+
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::ADDITIONAL_INFO: {
+            const AdditionalInfo& srcInfo = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::additional>();
+
+            additional_info_event_t* dstInfo = &dst->additional_info;
+            dstInfo->type = (int32_t)srcInfo.type;
+            dstInfo->serial = srcInfo.serial;
+
+            switch (srcInfo.payload.getTag()) {
+                case AdditionalInfo::AdditionalInfoPayload::Tag::dataInt32: {
+                    const auto& values =
+                            srcInfo.payload.get<AdditionalInfo::AdditionalInfoPayload::dataInt32>()
+                                    .values;
+                    CHECK_EQ(values.size() * sizeof(int32_t), sizeof(dstInfo->data_int32));
+                    memcpy(dstInfo->data_int32, values.data(), sizeof(dstInfo->data_int32));
+                    break;
+                }
+                case AdditionalInfo::AdditionalInfoPayload::Tag::dataFloat: {
+                    const auto& values =
+                            srcInfo.payload.get<AdditionalInfo::AdditionalInfoPayload::dataFloat>()
+                                    .values;
+                    CHECK_EQ(values.size() * sizeof(float), sizeof(dstInfo->data_float));
+                    memcpy(dstInfo->data_float, values.data(), sizeof(dstInfo->data_float));
+                    break;
+                }
+                default: {
+                    LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid sensor additional info tag: ",
+                            (int)srcInfo.payload.getTag();
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::HEAD_TRACKER: {
+            const auto& ht = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::headTracker>();
+            dst->head_tracker.rx = ht.rx;
+            dst->head_tracker.ry = ht.ry;
+            dst->head_tracker.rz = ht.rz;
+            dst->head_tracker.vx = ht.vx;
+            dst->head_tracker.vy = ht.vy;
+            dst->head_tracker.vz = ht.vz;
+            dst->head_tracker.discontinuity_count = ht.discontinuityCount;
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::ACCELEROMETER_LIMITED_AXES:
+        case SensorType::GYROSCOPE_LIMITED_AXES:
+            dst->limited_axes_imu.x = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImu>().x;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu.y = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImu>().y;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu.z = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImu>().z;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu.x_supported =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImu>().xSupported;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu.y_supported =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImu>().ySupported;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu.z_supported =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImu>().zSupported;
+            break;
+
+        case SensorType::ACCELEROMETER_LIMITED_AXES_UNCALIBRATED:
+        case SensorType::GYROSCOPE_LIMITED_AXES_UNCALIBRATED:
+            dst->limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.x_uncalib =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImuUncal>().x;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.y_uncalib =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImuUncal>().y;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.z_uncalib =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImuUncal>().z;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.x_bias =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImuUncal>().xBias;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.y_bias =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImuUncal>().yBias;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.z_bias =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImuUncal>().zBias;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.x_supported =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImuUncal>().xSupported;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.y_supported =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImuUncal>().ySupported;
+            dst->limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.z_supported =
+                    src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::limitedAxesImuUncal>().zSupported;
+            break;
+
+        case SensorType::HEADING:
+            dst->heading.heading = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::heading>().heading;
+            dst->heading.accuracy = src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::heading>().accuracy;
+            break;
+
+        default: {
+            CHECK_GE((int32_t)src.sensorType, (int32_t)SensorType::DEVICE_PRIVATE_BASE);
+
+            memcpy(dst->data, src.payload.get<Event::EventPayload::data>().values.data(),
+                   16 * sizeof(float));
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void convertFromSensorEvent(const sensors_event_t& src, Event* dst) {
+    *dst = {
+            .timestamp = src.timestamp,
+            .sensorHandle = src.sensor,
+            .sensorType = (SensorType)src.type,
+    };
+
+    switch (dst->sensorType) {
+        case SensorType::META_DATA: {
+            Event::EventPayload::MetaData meta;
+            meta.what = (Event::EventPayload::MetaData::MetaDataEventType)src.meta_data.what;
+            // Legacy HALs contain the handle reference in the meta data field.
+            // Copy that over to the handle of the event. In legacy HALs this
+            // field was expected to be 0.
+            dst->sensorHandle = src.meta_data.sensor;
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::meta>(meta);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::ACCELEROMETER:
+        case SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD:
+        case SensorType::ORIENTATION:
+        case SensorType::GYROSCOPE:
+        case SensorType::GRAVITY:
+        case SensorType::LINEAR_ACCELERATION: {
+            Event::EventPayload::Vec3 vec3;
+            vec3.x = src.acceleration.x;
+            vec3.y = src.acceleration.y;
+            vec3.z = src.acceleration.z;
+            vec3.status = (SensorStatus)src.acceleration.status;
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::vec3>(vec3);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::GAME_ROTATION_VECTOR: {
+            Event::EventPayload::Vec4 vec4;
+            vec4.x = src.data[0];
+            vec4.y = src.data[1];
+            vec4.z = src.data[2];
+            vec4.w = src.data[3];
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::vec4>(vec4);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::ROTATION_VECTOR:
+        case SensorType::GEOMAGNETIC_ROTATION_VECTOR: {
+            Event::EventPayload::Data data;
+            memcpy(data.values.data(), src.data, 5 * sizeof(float));
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::data>(data);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD_UNCALIBRATED:
+        case SensorType::GYROSCOPE_UNCALIBRATED:
+        case SensorType::ACCELEROMETER_UNCALIBRATED: {
+            Event::EventPayload::Uncal uncal;
+            uncal.x = src.uncalibrated_gyro.x_uncalib;
+            uncal.y = src.uncalibrated_gyro.y_uncalib;
+            uncal.z = src.uncalibrated_gyro.z_uncalib;
+            uncal.xBias = src.uncalibrated_gyro.x_bias;
+            uncal.yBias = src.uncalibrated_gyro.y_bias;
+            uncal.zBias = src.uncalibrated_gyro.z_bias;
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::uncal>(uncal);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::DEVICE_ORIENTATION:
+        case SensorType::LIGHT:
+        case SensorType::PRESSURE:
+        case SensorType::PROXIMITY:
+        case SensorType::RELATIVE_HUMIDITY:
+        case SensorType::AMBIENT_TEMPERATURE:
+        case SensorType::SIGNIFICANT_MOTION:
+        case SensorType::STEP_DETECTOR:
+        case SensorType::TILT_DETECTOR:
+        case SensorType::WAKE_GESTURE:
+        case SensorType::GLANCE_GESTURE:
+        case SensorType::PICK_UP_GESTURE:
+        case SensorType::WRIST_TILT_GESTURE:
+        case SensorType::STATIONARY_DETECT:
+        case SensorType::MOTION_DETECT:
+        case SensorType::HEART_BEAT:
+        case SensorType::LOW_LATENCY_OFFBODY_DETECT:
+        case SensorType::HINGE_ANGLE: {
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::scalar>((float)src.data[0]);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::STEP_COUNTER: {
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::stepCount>(src.u64.step_counter);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::HEART_RATE: {
+            Event::EventPayload::HeartRate heartRate;
+            heartRate.bpm = src.heart_rate.bpm;
+            heartRate.status = (SensorStatus)src.heart_rate.status;
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::heartRate>(heartRate);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::POSE_6DOF: {  // 15 floats
+            Event::EventPayload::Pose6Dof pose6DOF;
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < 15; ++i) {
+                pose6DOF.values[i] = src.data[i];
+            }
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::pose6DOF>(pose6DOF);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::DYNAMIC_SENSOR_META: {
+            DynamicSensorInfo dynamic;
+            dynamic.connected = src.dynamic_sensor_meta.connected;
+            dynamic.sensorHandle = src.dynamic_sensor_meta.handle;
+
+            memcpy(dynamic.uuid.values.data(), src.dynamic_sensor_meta.uuid, 16);
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::dynamic>(dynamic);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::ADDITIONAL_INFO: {
+            AdditionalInfo info;
+            const additional_info_event_t& srcInfo = src.additional_info;
+            info.type = (AdditionalInfo::AdditionalInfoType)srcInfo.type;
+            info.serial = srcInfo.serial;
+
+            AdditionalInfo::AdditionalInfoPayload::Int32Values data;
+            CHECK_EQ(data.values.size() * sizeof(int32_t), sizeof(srcInfo.data_int32));
+            memcpy(data.values.data(), srcInfo.data_int32, sizeof(srcInfo.data_int32));
+            info.payload.set<AdditionalInfo::AdditionalInfoPayload::Tag::dataInt32>(data);
+
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::additional>(info);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::HEAD_TRACKER: {
+            Event::EventPayload::HeadTracker headTracker;
+            headTracker.rx = src.head_tracker.rx;
+            headTracker.ry = src.head_tracker.ry;
+            headTracker.rz = src.head_tracker.rz;
+            headTracker.vx = src.head_tracker.vx;
+            headTracker.vy = src.head_tracker.vy;
+            headTracker.vz = src.head_tracker.vz;
+            headTracker.discontinuityCount = src.head_tracker.discontinuity_count;
+
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::headTracker>(headTracker);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::ACCELEROMETER_LIMITED_AXES:
+        case SensorType::GYROSCOPE_LIMITED_AXES: {
+            Event::EventPayload::LimitedAxesImu limitedAxesImu;
+            limitedAxesImu.x = src.limited_axes_imu.x;
+            limitedAxesImu.y = src.limited_axes_imu.y;
+            limitedAxesImu.z = src.limited_axes_imu.z;
+            limitedAxesImu.xSupported = src.limited_axes_imu.x_supported;
+            limitedAxesImu.ySupported = src.limited_axes_imu.y_supported;
+            limitedAxesImu.zSupported = src.limited_axes_imu.z_supported;
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::limitedAxesImu>(limitedAxesImu);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::ACCELEROMETER_LIMITED_AXES_UNCALIBRATED:
+        case SensorType::GYROSCOPE_LIMITED_AXES_UNCALIBRATED: {
+            Event::EventPayload::LimitedAxesImuUncal limitedAxesImuUncal;
+            limitedAxesImuUncal.x = src.limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.x_uncalib;
+            limitedAxesImuUncal.y = src.limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.y_uncalib;
+            limitedAxesImuUncal.z = src.limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.z_uncalib;
+            limitedAxesImuUncal.xBias = src.limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.x_bias;
+            limitedAxesImuUncal.yBias = src.limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.y_bias;
+            limitedAxesImuUncal.yBias = src.limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.y_bias;
+            limitedAxesImuUncal.zBias = src.limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.z_bias;
+            limitedAxesImuUncal.xSupported = src.limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.x_supported;
+            limitedAxesImuUncal.ySupported = src.limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.y_supported;
+            limitedAxesImuUncal.zSupported = src.limited_axes_imu_uncalibrated.z_supported;
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::limitedAxesImuUncal>(limitedAxesImuUncal);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case SensorType::HEADING: {
+            Event::EventPayload::Heading heading;
+            heading.heading = src.heading.heading;
+            heading.accuracy = src.heading.accuracy;
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::heading>(heading);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        default: {
+            CHECK_GE((int32_t)dst->sensorType, (int32_t)SensorType::DEVICE_PRIVATE_BASE);
+
+            Event::EventPayload::Data data;
+            memcpy(data.values.data(), src.data, 16 * sizeof(float));
+            dst->payload.set<Event::EventPayload::Tag::data>(data);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace sensors
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/sensors/aidl/convert/include/aidl/sensors/convert.h b/sensors/aidl/convert/include/aidl/sensors/convert.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..702b226
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sensors/aidl/convert/include/aidl/sensors/convert.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/sensors/ISensors.h>
+#include <hardware/sensors.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace sensors {
+namespace implementation {
+
+status_t convertToStatus(ndk::ScopedAStatus status);
+void convertToSensor(const aidl::android::hardware::sensors::SensorInfo& src, sensor_t* dst);
+void convertToSensorEvent(const aidl::android::hardware::sensors::Event& src, sensors_event_t* dst);
+void convertFromSensorEvent(const sensors_event_t& src,
+                            aidl::android::hardware::sensors::Event* dst);
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace sensors
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/sensors/aidl/default/Sensor.cpp b/sensors/aidl/default/Sensor.cpp
index 62193d6..3bdd8b6 100644
--- a/sensors/aidl/default/Sensor.cpp
+++ b/sensors/aidl/default/Sensor.cpp
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@
     EventPayload::Vec3 vec3 = {
             .x = 0,
             .y = 0,
-            .z = -9.8,
+            .z = 9.8,
             .status = SensorStatus::ACCURACY_HIGH,
     };
     payload.set<EventPayload::Tag::vec3>(vec3);
diff --git a/sensors/common/default/2.X/Sensor.cpp b/sensors/common/default/2.X/Sensor.cpp
index fd701fd..2c1cdfb 100644
--- a/sensors/common/default/2.X/Sensor.cpp
+++ b/sensors/common/default/2.X/Sensor.cpp
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
 void AccelSensor::readEventPayload(EventPayload& payload) {
     payload.vec3.x = 0;
     payload.vec3.y = 0;
-    payload.vec3.z = -9.8;
+    payload.vec3.z = 9.8;
     payload.vec3.status = SensorStatus::ACCURACY_HIGH;
 }
 
diff --git a/sensors/common/default/2.X/multihal/HalProxy.cpp b/sensors/common/default/2.X/multihal/HalProxy.cpp
index f44f5c4..31a17db 100644
--- a/sensors/common/default/2.X/multihal/HalProxy.cpp
+++ b/sensors/common/default/2.X/multihal/HalProxy.cpp
@@ -82,8 +82,11 @@
 }
 
 HalProxy::HalProxy() {
-    const char* kMultiHalConfigFile = "/vendor/etc/sensors/hals.conf";
-    initializeSubHalListFromConfigFile(kMultiHalConfigFile);
+    static const std::string kMultiHalConfigFiles[] = {"/vendor/etc/sensors/hals.conf",
+                                                       "/odm/etc/sensors/hals.conf"};
+    for (const std::string& configFile : kMultiHalConfigFiles) {
+        initializeSubHalListFromConfigFile(configFile.c_str());
+    }
     init();
 }
 
diff --git a/sensors/common/default/2.X/multihal/tests/fake_subhal/Sensor.cpp b/sensors/common/default/2.X/multihal/tests/fake_subhal/Sensor.cpp
index f5745c5..a0bb67a 100644
--- a/sensors/common/default/2.X/multihal/tests/fake_subhal/Sensor.cpp
+++ b/sensors/common/default/2.X/multihal/tests/fake_subhal/Sensor.cpp
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
     event.timestamp = ::android::elapsedRealtimeNano();
     event.u.vec3.x = 0;
     event.u.vec3.y = 0;
-    event.u.vec3.z = -9.815;
+    event.u.vec3.z = 9.815;
     event.u.vec3.status = SensorStatus::ACCURACY_HIGH;
     events.push_back(event);
     return events;
diff --git a/tv/hdmi/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.tv.hdmi/current/android/hardware/tv/hdmi/HdmiPortInfo.aidl b/tv/hdmi/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.tv.hdmi/current/android/hardware/tv/hdmi/HdmiPortInfo.aidl
index a5e3a2a..25c3be1 100644
--- a/tv/hdmi/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.tv.hdmi/current/android/hardware/tv/hdmi/HdmiPortInfo.aidl
+++ b/tv/hdmi/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.tv.hdmi/current/android/hardware/tv/hdmi/HdmiPortInfo.aidl
@@ -38,5 +38,6 @@
   int portId;
   boolean cecSupported;
   boolean arcSupported;
+  boolean eArcSupported;
   int physicalAddress;
 }
diff --git a/tv/hdmi/aidl/android/hardware/tv/hdmi/HdmiPortInfo.aidl b/tv/hdmi/aidl/android/hardware/tv/hdmi/HdmiPortInfo.aidl
index 1d6f27d..2e2c858 100644
--- a/tv/hdmi/aidl/android/hardware/tv/hdmi/HdmiPortInfo.aidl
+++ b/tv/hdmi/aidl/android/hardware/tv/hdmi/HdmiPortInfo.aidl
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
     int portId; // Should start from 1 which corresponds to HDMI "port 1".
     boolean cecSupported;
     boolean arcSupported;
+    boolean eArcSupported;
     // The physical address of the device connected to this port, valid range is 0x0000 to 0xFFFF
     // (ref Sec 8.7.2 of HDMI 1.4b).
     int physicalAddress;
diff --git a/tv/hdmi/aidl/default/HdmiMock.cpp b/tv/hdmi/aidl/default/HdmiMock.cpp
index 0cf5118..bbc4705 100644
--- a/tv/hdmi/aidl/default/HdmiMock.cpp
+++ b/tv/hdmi/aidl/default/HdmiMock.cpp
@@ -166,6 +166,7 @@
                      .portId = static_cast<uint32_t>(1),
                      .cecSupported = true,
                      .arcSupported = false,
+                     .eArcSupported = false,
                      .physicalAddress = mPhysicalAddress};
     mPortConnectionStatus[0] = false;
     mDeathRecipient = ndk::ScopedAIBinder_DeathRecipient(AIBinder_DeathRecipient_new(serviceDied));
diff --git a/usb/1.0/default/Android.bp b/usb/1.0/default/Android.bp
index 4bed2c7..5f56fe0 100644
--- a/usb/1.0/default/Android.bp
+++ b/usb/1.0/default/Android.bp
@@ -21,21 +21,11 @@
     default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
 }
 
-filegroup {
-    name: "android.hardware.usb@1.0-service.xml",
-    srcs: ["android.hardware.usb@1.0-service.xml"],
-}
-
-filegroup {
-    name: "android.hardware.usb@1.0-service.rc",
-    srcs: ["android.hardware.usb@1.0-service.rc"],
-}
-
 cc_binary {
     name: "android.hardware.usb@1.0-service",
     defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
-    init_rc: [":android.hardware.usb@1.0-service.rc"],
-    vintf_fragments: [":android.hardware.usb@1.0-service.xml"],
+    init_rc: ["android.hardware.usb@1.0-service.rc"],
+    vintf_fragments: ["android.hardware.usb@1.0-service.xml"],
     relative_install_path: "hw",
     vendor: true,
     srcs: [
diff --git a/usb/1.0/default/apex/manifest.json b/usb/1.0/default/apex/manifest.json
deleted file mode 100644
index 6a1095f..0000000
--- a/usb/1.0/default/apex/manifest.json
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "com.android.hardware.usb",
-  "version": 1
-}
diff --git a/usb/aidl/default/Android.bp b/usb/aidl/default/Android.bp
index 7cb2822..ad331f9 100644
--- a/usb/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/usb/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -37,8 +37,18 @@
         "android.hardware.usb-V1-ndk",
         "libbase",
         "libbinder_ndk",
-	"libcutils",
+        "libcutils",
         "liblog",
         "libutils",
     ],
 }
+
+filegroup {
+    name: "android.hardware.usb-service.example.xml",
+    srcs: ["android.hardware.usb-service.example.xml"],
+}
+
+filegroup {
+    name: "android.hardware.usb-service.example.rc",
+    srcs: ["android.hardware.usb-service.example.rc"],
+}
diff --git a/usb/1.0/default/apex/Android.bp b/usb/apex/Android.bp
similarity index 84%
rename from usb/1.0/default/apex/Android.bp
rename to usb/apex/Android.bp
index ee50fdf..765aa21 100644
--- a/usb/1.0/default/apex/Android.bp
+++ b/usb/apex/Android.bp
@@ -27,19 +27,6 @@
     certificate: "com.android.hardware.usb",
 }
 
-genrule {
-    name: "com.android.hardware.usb.rc-gen",
-    srcs: [":android.hardware.usb@1.0-service.rc"],
-    out: ["com.android.hardware.usb.rc"],
-    cmd: "sed -E 's/\\/vendor/\\/apex\\/com.android.hardware.usb/' $(in) > $(out)",
-}
-
-prebuilt_etc {
-    name: "com.android.hardware.usb.rc",
-    src: ":com.android.hardware.usb.rc-gen",
-    installable: false,
-}
-
 apex {
     name: "com.android.hardware.usb",
     manifest: "manifest.json",
@@ -49,11 +36,25 @@
     updatable: false,
     soc_specific: true,
     use_vndk_as_stable: true,
-    binaries: ["android.hardware.usb@1.0-service"],
+    binaries: ["android.hardware.usb-service.example"],
     prebuilts: [
-        "com.android.hardware.usb.rc",
+        "com.android.hardware.usb.rc", // init .rc
         "android.hardware.usb.accessory.prebuilt.xml",
         "android.hardware.usb.host.prebuilt.xml",
     ],
-    vintf_fragments: [":android.hardware.usb@1.0-service.xml"],
+    vintf_fragments: [":android.hardware.usb-service.example.xml"],
+}
+
+// Replace the binary path from /vendor/bin to /apex/{name}/bin in the init .rc file
+genrule {
+    name: "com.android.hardware.usb.rc-gen",
+    srcs: [":android.hardware.usb-service.example.rc"],
+    out: ["com.android.hardware.usb.rc"],
+    cmd: "sed -E 's/\\/vendor/\\/apex\\/com.android.hardware.usb/' $(in) > $(out)",
+}
+
+prebuilt_etc {
+    name: "com.android.hardware.usb.rc",
+    src: ":com.android.hardware.usb.rc-gen",
+    installable: false,
 }
diff --git a/usb/1.0/default/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.avbpubkey b/usb/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.avbpubkey
similarity index 100%
rename from usb/1.0/default/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.avbpubkey
rename to usb/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.avbpubkey
Binary files differ
diff --git a/usb/1.0/default/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.pem b/usb/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.pem
similarity index 100%
rename from usb/1.0/default/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.pem
rename to usb/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.pem
diff --git a/usb/1.0/default/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.pk8 b/usb/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.pk8
similarity index 100%
rename from usb/1.0/default/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.pk8
rename to usb/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.pk8
Binary files differ
diff --git a/usb/1.0/default/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.x509.pem b/usb/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.x509.pem
similarity index 100%
rename from usb/1.0/default/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.x509.pem
rename to usb/apex/com.android.hardware.usb.x509.pem
diff --git a/usb/1.0/default/apex/file_contexts b/usb/apex/file_contexts
similarity index 66%
rename from usb/1.0/default/apex/file_contexts
rename to usb/apex/file_contexts
index bc84ac4..f223a56 100644
--- a/usb/1.0/default/apex/file_contexts
+++ b/usb/apex/file_contexts
@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@
 # Permission XMLs
 /etc/permissions(/.*)?                         u:object_r:vendor_configs_file:s0
 # binary
-/bin/hw/android\.hardware\.usb@1\.0-service    u:object_r:hal_usb_default_exec:s0
\ No newline at end of file
+/bin/hw/android\.hardware\.usb-service\.example        u:object_r:hal_usb_default_exec:s0
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/usb/apex/manifest.json b/usb/apex/manifest.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a41b90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/usb/apex/manifest.json
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+    "name": "com.android.hardware.usb",
+    "version": 1
+}
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.uwb.fira_android/current/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl b/uwb/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.uwb.fira_android/current/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl
index 39bb5d9..6ec8d57 100644
--- a/uwb/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.uwb.fira_android/current/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl
+++ b/uwb/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.uwb.fira_android/current/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl
@@ -48,4 +48,5 @@
   SUPPORTED_RANGE_DATA_NTF_CONFIG = 229,
   SUPPORTED_RSSI_REPORTING = 230,
   SUPPORTED_DIAGNOSTICS = 231,
+  SUPPORTED_MIN_SLOT_DURATION = 232,
 }
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl b/uwb/aidl/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl
index 86479fb..b182f9d 100644
--- a/uwb/aidl/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl
+++ b/uwb/aidl/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl
@@ -179,4 +179,9 @@
      *  0 - Feature not supported.
      */
     SUPPORTED_DIAGNOSTICS = 0xE7,
+
+    /**
+     * 4 byte value to indicate supported min slot duration in ms.
+     */
+    SUPPORTED_MIN_SLOT_DURATION = 0xE8,
 }
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp b/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
index 86ef027..c5936e3 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
     stability: "vintf",
     backend: {
         java: {
-            sdk_version: "module_current",
+            sdk_version: "system_current",
         },
     },
     versions: [
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/Android.bp b/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f615cb1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "libexample_vib_getter",
+    srcs: ["getter.cpp"],
+    vendor: true,
+    shared_libs: [
+        "liblog",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+    ],
+    header_libs: ["jni_headers"],
+    stl: "c++_shared",
+    visibility: [":__subpackages__"],
+}
+
+android_app {
+    name: "ExampleVibratorJavaVendorClient",
+    privileged: true,
+    vendor: true,
+    static_libs: ["android.hardware.vibrator-V1-java"],
+    jni_libs: ["libexample_vib_getter"],
+    jarjar_rules: "jarjar.txt",
+    stl: "c++_shared",
+    srcs: ["example/vib/MyActivity.java"],
+    sdk_version: "system_current",
+    visibility: [":__subpackages__"],
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/AndroidManifest.xml b/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/AndroidManifest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0561066
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/AndroidManifest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+          xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
+          package="example.vib">
+    <application>
+        <activity android:name=".MyActivity"/>
+    </application>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/example/vib/MyActivity.java b/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/example/vib/MyActivity.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aadce8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/example/vib/MyActivity.java
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package example.vib;
+
+import android.app.Activity;
+import android.hardware.vibrator.IVibrator;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.os.IBinder;
+import android.os.RemoteException;
+
+public class MyActivity extends Activity {
+    private static native IBinder gimme(String name);
+
+    @Override
+    public void onCreate(Bundle b) {
+        super.onCreate(b);
+        System.loadLibrary("example_vib_getter");
+
+        // There is no API to get ahold of a Stable AIDL service from a vendor app
+        // in Java. This is because this is not the recommended way to get ahold
+        // of functionality in Android. The Android API Council recommendation is to
+        // implement uses-library APIs in the system/system_ext partition which add
+        // new APIs. AIDL as an API in Java is not recommended or supported way to
+        // communicate by apps - the recommendation is to use Java APIs. However,
+        // there also exists a large number of vendor apps which are coupled with
+        // hardware-specific code, and are therefore on the vendor partition. A
+        // large number of these use HIDL, and this is how they can continue to
+        // use that structure with AIDL.
+        IVibrator v =
+                IVibrator.Stub.asInterface(gimme("android.hardware.vibrator.IVibrator/default"));
+
+        try {
+            v.on(100 /*ms*/, null /*cb*/);
+        } catch (RemoteException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+
+        finish();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/getter.cpp b/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/getter.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6115445
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/getter.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <android/binder_auto_utils.h>
+#include <android/binder_ibinder_jni.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <jni.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL
+Java_example_vib_MyActivity_gimme__Ljava_lang_String_2(JNIEnv* env, jclass /**/, jstring str) {
+    ALOGI("%s", __func__);
+
+    // Best practice is probably libnativehelper ScopedUtfChars or
+    // libbase ScopeGuard (for platform code), but this is with minimal
+    // dependencies.
+    const char* name = env->GetStringUTFChars(str, nullptr);
+
+    ALOGI("example vib gimme %s", name);
+
+    jobject jbinder = nullptr;
+
+    // Java does not have vendor variants. It's only safe to pass a service when
+    // 'vendor: true' if it is @VintfStability.
+    if (AServiceManager_isDeclared(name)) {
+        ndk::SpAIBinder binder = ndk::SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_waitForService(name));
+        jbinder = AIBinder_toJavaBinder(env, binder.get());
+    } else {
+        ALOGI("not declared");
+    }
+
+    env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(str, name);
+
+    return jbinder;
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/jarjar.txt b/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/jarjar.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7613a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/example_vendor_java_client/jarjar.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+rule android.hardware.** example.vib.ah.@1
+
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/main.cpp b/vibrator/aidl/default/main.cpp
index feba2c7..7375889 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/default/main.cpp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/main.cpp
@@ -29,15 +29,15 @@
 
     // make a default vibrator service
     auto vib = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<Vibrator>();
-    const std::string vibName = std::string() + Vibrator::descriptor + "/default";
-    binder_status_t status = AServiceManager_addService(vib->asBinder().get(), vibName.c_str());
+    binder_status_t status = AServiceManager_addService(
+            vib->asBinder().get(), Vibrator::makeServiceName("default").c_str());
     CHECK_EQ(status, STATUS_OK);
 
     // make the vibrator manager service with a different vibrator
     auto managedVib = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<Vibrator>();
     auto vibManager = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<VibratorManager>(std::move(managedVib));
-    const std::string vibManagerName = std::string() + VibratorManager::descriptor + "/default";
-    status = AServiceManager_addService(vibManager->asBinder().get(), vibManagerName.c_str());
+    status = AServiceManager_addService(vibManager->asBinder().get(),
+                                        VibratorManager::makeServiceName("default").c_str());
     CHECK_EQ(status, STATUS_OK);
 
     ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();