diff --git a/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/service.cpp b/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/service.cpp
index 8a7b2ea..2a6571b 100644
--- a/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/service.cpp
+++ b/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/service.cpp
@@ -36,6 +36,15 @@
 using namespace android::hardware;
 using android::OK;
 
+/** Try to register the provided factories in the provided order.
+ *  If any registers successfully, do not register any other and return true.
+ *  If all fail, return false.
+ */
+template <class... Factories>
+bool registerPassthroughServiceImplementations() {
+    return ((registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<Factories>() != OK) && ...);
+}
+
 int main(int /* argc */, char* /* argv */ []) {
     ::android::ProcessState::initWithDriver("/dev/vndbinder");
     // start a threadpool for vndbinder interactions
@@ -50,30 +59,30 @@
     }
     configureRpcThreadpool(16, true /*callerWillJoin*/);
 
-    bool fail = registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<audio::V5_0::IDevicesFactory>() != OK &&
-                registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<audio::V4_0::IDevicesFactory>() != OK &&
-                registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<audio::V2_0::IDevicesFactory>() != OK;
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(fail, "Could not register audio core API 2, 4 nor 5");
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF((registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<audio::V5_0::IDevicesFactory,
+                                                                   audio::V4_0::IDevicesFactory,
+                                                                   audio::V2_0::IDevicesFactory>()),
+                        "Could not register audio core API");
 
-    fail = registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<audio::effect::V5_0::IEffectsFactory>() != OK &&
-           registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<audio::effect::V4_0::IEffectsFactory>() != OK &&
-           registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<audio::effect::V2_0::IEffectsFactory>() != OK,
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(fail, "Could not register audio effect API 2, 4 nor 5");
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(
+            (registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<audio::effect::V5_0::IEffectsFactory,
+                                                       audio::effect::V4_0::IEffectsFactory,
+                                                       audio::effect::V2_0::IEffectsFactory>()),
+            "Could not register audio effect API");
 
-    fail = registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<soundtrigger::V2_2::ISoundTriggerHw>() != OK &&
-           registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<soundtrigger::V2_1::ISoundTriggerHw>() != OK &&
-           registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<soundtrigger::V2_0::ISoundTriggerHw>() != OK,
-    ALOGW_IF(fail, "Could not register soundtrigger API 2.0, 2.1 nor 2.2");
+    ALOGW_IF((registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<soundtrigger::V2_2::ISoundTriggerHw,
+                                                        soundtrigger::V2_1::ISoundTriggerHw,
+                                                        soundtrigger::V2_0::ISoundTriggerHw>()),
+             "Could not register soundtrigger API");
 
-    fail = registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<
-                   bluetooth::audio::V2_0::IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory>() != OK;
-    ALOGW_IF(fail, "Could not register Bluetooth Audio API 2.0");
+    ALOGW_IF(registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<
+                     bluetooth::audio::V2_0::IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory>(),
+             "Could not register Bluetooth audio API");
 
     // remove the old HIDL when Bluetooth Audio Hal V2 has offloading supported
-    fail =
-        registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<bluetooth::a2dp::V1_0::IBluetoothAudioOffload>() !=
-        OK;
-    ALOGW_IF(fail, "Could not register Bluetooth audio offload 1.0");
+    ALOGW_IF(registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<
+                     bluetooth::a2dp::V1_0::IBluetoothAudioOffload>(),
+             "Could not register Bluetooth audio offload API");
 
     joinRpcThreadpool();
 }
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp
index a1af3c4..97b4553 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
         "libhidlbase",
         "libhidltransport",
         "liblog",
+        "libmedia_helper",
         "libutils",
         "android.hardware.audio.common-util",
     ],
@@ -37,10 +38,6 @@
         "libhardware_headers",
         "libmedia_headers",
     ],
-
-    whole_static_libs: [
-        "libmedia_helper",
-    ],
 }
 
 cc_library_shared {
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Device.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Device.cpp
index bec22df..1a9df21 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Device.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Device.cpp
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@
 }
 
 Return<Result> Device::setConnectedState(const DeviceAddress& address, bool connected) {
-    auto key = connected ? AudioParameter::keyStreamConnect : AudioParameter::keyStreamDisconnect;
+    auto key = connected ? AudioParameter::keyDeviceConnect : AudioParameter::keyDeviceDisconnect;
     return setParam(key, address);
 }
 #endif
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp
index b995657..e62f6d3 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp
@@ -243,8 +243,8 @@
 
 Return<Result> Stream::setConnectedState(const DeviceAddress& address, bool connected) {
     return setParam(
-        connected ? AudioParameter::keyStreamConnect : AudioParameter::keyStreamDisconnect,
-        address);
+            connected ? AudioParameter::keyDeviceConnect : AudioParameter::keyDeviceDisconnect,
+            address);
 }
 #elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 4
 Return<void> Stream::getDevices(getDevices_cb _hidl_cb) {
diff --git a/audio/effect/5.0/xml/Android.bp b/audio/effect/5.0/xml/Android.bp
index 967135c..eb2bcee 100644
--- a/audio/effect/5.0/xml/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/effect/5.0/xml/Android.bp
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 
 xsd_config {
-    name: "audio_effects_conf",
+    name: "audio_effects_conf_V5_0",
     srcs: ["audio_effects_conf.xsd"],
     package_name: "audio.effects.V5_0",
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/impl/vhal_v2_0/DefaultConfig.h b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/impl/vhal_v2_0/DefaultConfig.h
index a46de24..3e59584 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/impl/vhal_v2_0/DefaultConfig.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/impl/vhal_v2_0/DefaultConfig.h
@@ -167,7 +167,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_CAPACITY),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.floatValues = {15000.0f}}},
 
@@ -177,14 +176,13 @@
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
          },
-     .initialValue = {.int32Values = {1}}},
+     .initialValue = {.int32Values = {(int)FuelType::FUEL_TYPE_UNLEADED}}},
 
     {.config =
          {
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_EV_BATTERY_CAPACITY),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.floatValues = {150000.0f}}},
 
@@ -194,14 +192,13 @@
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
          },
-     .initialValue = {.int32Values = {1}}},
+     .initialValue = {.int32Values = {(int)EvConnectorType::IEC_TYPE_1_AC}}},
 
     {.config =
          {
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_DRIVER_SEAT),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {SEAT_1_LEFT}}},
 
@@ -210,7 +207,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_FUEL_DOOR_LOCATION),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {FUEL_DOOR_REAR_LEFT}}},
 
@@ -219,7 +215,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::INFO_EV_PORT_LOCATION),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::STATIC,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {CHARGE_PORT_FRONT_LEFT}}},
 
@@ -234,7 +229,7 @@
          {
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::PERF_VEHICLE_SPEED),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-             .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
+             .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
              .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
              .maxSampleRate = 10.0f,
          },
@@ -265,7 +260,7 @@
          {
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::PERF_ODOMETER),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-             .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
+             .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
          },
      .initialValue = {.floatValues = {0.0f}}},
 
@@ -285,8 +280,7 @@
          {
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::FUEL_LEVEL),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-             .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
+             .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
          },
      .initialValue = {.floatValues = {15000.0f}}},
 
@@ -295,7 +289,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::FUEL_DOOR_OPEN),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
 
@@ -303,8 +296,7 @@
          {
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_BATTERY_LEVEL),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-             .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
+             .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
          },
      .initialValue = {.floatValues = {150000.0f}}},
 
@@ -313,7 +305,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_CHARGE_PORT_OPEN),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
 
@@ -322,7 +313,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_CHARGE_PORT_CONNECTED),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
 
@@ -330,17 +320,15 @@
          {
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::EV_BATTERY_INSTANTANEOUS_CHARGE_RATE),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-             .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
+             .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
          },
      .initialValue = {.floatValues = {0.0f}}},
 
     {.config =
          {
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::RANGE_REMAINING),
-             .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
+             .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
              .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
              .maxSampleRate = 2.0f,
          },
@@ -365,7 +353,7 @@
                VehicleAreaConfig{
                    .areaId = WHEEL_REAR_RIGHT, .minFloatValue = 100.0f, .maxFloatValue = 300.0f,
                }}},
-     .initialValue = {.floatValues = {200}}},  // units in kPa
+     .initialValue = {.floatValues = {200.0f}}},  // units in kPa
 
     {.config =
          {
@@ -388,7 +376,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::FUEL_LEVEL_LOW),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {0}}},
 
@@ -541,8 +528,8 @@
     {.config = {.prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HVAC_TEMPERATURE_DISPLAY_UNITS),
                 .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
                 .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-                .configArray = {(int)VehicleUnit::FAHRENHEIT, (int)VehicleUnit::CELSIUS},
-                .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}}},
+                .configArray = {(int)VehicleUnit::FAHRENHEIT, (int)VehicleUnit::CELSIUS}
+               },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {(int)VehicleUnit::FAHRENHEIT}}},
 
     {.config =
@@ -713,7 +700,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HEADLIGHTS_STATE),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_STATE_ON}}},
 
@@ -722,7 +708,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HIGH_BEAM_LIGHTS_STATE),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_STATE_ON}}},
 
@@ -731,7 +716,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::FOG_LIGHTS_STATE),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_STATE_ON}}},
 
@@ -740,7 +724,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HAZARD_LIGHTS_STATE),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_STATE_ON}}},
 
@@ -749,7 +732,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HEADLIGHTS_SWITCH),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_SWITCH_AUTO}}},
 
@@ -758,7 +740,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HIGH_BEAM_LIGHTS_SWITCH),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_SWITCH_AUTO}}},
 
@@ -767,7 +748,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::FOG_LIGHTS_SWITCH),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_SWITCH_AUTO}}},
 
@@ -776,7 +756,6 @@
              .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::HAZARD_LIGHTS_SWITCH),
              .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ_WRITE,
              .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
-             .areaConfigs = {VehicleAreaConfig{.areaId = (0)}},
          },
      .initialValue = {.int32Values = {LIGHT_SWITCH_AUTO}}},
 
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.1/Composer.h b/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.1/Composer.h
index 90d9b98..62a163c 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.1/Composer.h
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.1/Composer.h
@@ -80,8 +80,7 @@
 
     Return<void> createClient(IComposer::createClient_cb hidl_cb) override {
         std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mClientMutex);
-        bool destroyed = waitForClientDestroyedLocked(lock);
-        if (!destroyed) {
+        if (!waitForClientDestroyedLocked(lock)) {
             hidl_cb(Error::NO_RESOURCES, nullptr);
             return Void();
         }
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/vts/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/vts/Android.bp
index fcb327f..88b1a8b 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/vts/Android.bp
@@ -28,9 +28,18 @@
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-vts",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0-vts",
     ],
+    export_static_lib_headers: [
+        "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-vts",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0-vts",
+    ],
     header_libs: [
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-command-buffer",
     ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-command-buffer",
+    ],
     cflags: [
         "-O0",
         "-g",
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/OWNERS b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/OWNERS
index a17a50c..3f1e82c 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/OWNERS
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/OWNERS
@@ -3,7 +3,3 @@
 lpy@google.com
 stoza@google.com
 vhau@google.com
-
-# VTS team
-yim@google.com
-zhuoyao@google.com
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/command-buffer/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/command-buffer/Android.bp
index efaabd4..c4ceaab 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/command-buffer/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/command-buffer/Android.bp
@@ -3,11 +3,16 @@
     defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
     vendor_available: true,
     shared_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2",
+    ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2",
     ],
     header_libs: [
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-command-buffer",
     ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-command-buffer",
+    ],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
 }
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/Android.bp
index dd979cb..1754a43 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/Android.bp
@@ -19,26 +19,32 @@
     defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "ComposerVts.cpp",
+        "ReadbackVts.cpp",
+        "RenderEngineVts.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libui",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase",
-        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-vts",
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2",
-        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1-vts",
-        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
-        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0-vts",
+        "libarect",
+        "libmath",
+        "libnativewindow",
+        "librenderengine",
     ],
     export_static_lib_headers: [
+        "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase",
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-vts",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1-vts",
     ],
     header_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-command-buffer",
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2-command-buffer",
     ],
     export_header_lib_headers: [
-        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-command-buffer",
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2-command-buffer",
     ],
     cflags: [
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ComposerVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ComposerVts.cpp
index cd6772a..a380fc0 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ComposerVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ComposerVts.cpp
@@ -187,11 +187,11 @@
                                                                        /*errOnFailure=*/false));
         if (mGralloc3->getMapper() == nullptr || mGralloc3->getAllocator() == nullptr) {
             mGralloc3 = nullptr;
-            ALOGD("Failed to create gralloc3, initializing gralloc2_1");
+            ALOGD("Failed to initialize gralloc3, initializing gralloc2_1");
             mGralloc2_1 = std::make_shared<Gralloc2_1>(/*errOnFailure*/ false);
             if (!mGralloc2_1->getMapper()) {
                 mGralloc2_1 = nullptr;
-                ALOGD("Failed to create gralloc2_1, initializing gralloc2");
+                ALOGD("Failed to initialize gralloc2_1, initializing gralloc2");
                 ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc2 = std::make_shared<Gralloc2>());
             }
         }
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ReadbackVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ReadbackVts.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02ab49b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ReadbackVts.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <composer-vts/2.2/ReadbackVts.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_2 {
+namespace vts {
+
+void TestLayer::write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) {
+    writer->selectLayer(mLayer);
+    writer->setLayerDisplayFrame(mDisplayFrame);
+    writer->setLayerSourceCrop(mSourceCrop);
+    writer->setLayerZOrder(mZOrder);
+    writer->setLayerSurfaceDamage(mSurfaceDamage);
+    writer->setLayerTransform(mTransform);
+    writer->setLayerPlaneAlpha(mAlpha);
+    writer->setLayerBlendMode(mBlendMode);
+}
+
+const std::vector<ColorMode> ReadbackHelper::colorModes = {ColorMode::SRGB, ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3};
+const std::vector<Dataspace> ReadbackHelper::dataspaces = {Dataspace::V0_SRGB,
+                                                           Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3};
+
+std::string ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(ColorMode mode) {
+    switch (mode) {
+        case ColorMode::SRGB:
+            return std::string("SRGB");
+        case ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3:
+            return std::string("DISPLAY_P3");
+        default:
+            return std::string("Unsupported color mode for readback");
+    }
+}
+
+std::string ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceString(Dataspace dataspace) {
+    switch (dataspace) {
+        case Dataspace::V0_SRGB:
+            return std::string("V0_SRGB");
+        case Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3:
+            return std::string("DISPLAY_P3");
+        case Dataspace::UNKNOWN:
+            return std::string("UNKNOWN");
+        default:
+            return std::string("Unsupported dataspace for readback");
+    }
+}
+
+Dataspace ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(ColorMode mode) {
+    switch (mode) {
+        case ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3:
+            return Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3;
+        case ColorMode::SRGB:
+        default:
+            return Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+    }
+}
+
+LayerSettings TestLayer::toRenderEngineLayerSettings() {
+    LayerSettings layerSettings;
+
+    layerSettings.alpha = half(mAlpha);
+    layerSettings.disableBlending = mBlendMode == IComposerClient::BlendMode::NONE;
+    layerSettings.geometry.boundaries = FloatRect(
+            static_cast<float>(mDisplayFrame.left), static_cast<float>(mDisplayFrame.top),
+            static_cast<float>(mDisplayFrame.right), static_cast<float>(mDisplayFrame.bottom));
+
+    const mat4 translation = mat4::translate(vec4(
+            (mTransform & Transform::FLIP_H ? -1.0f : 0.0f) * mDisplayFrame.right,
+            (mTransform & Transform::FLIP_V ? -1.0f : 0.0f) * mDisplayFrame.bottom, 0.0f, 1.0f));
+
+    const mat4 scale = mat4::scale(vec4(mTransform & Transform::FLIP_H ? -1.0f : 1.0f,
+                                        mTransform & Transform::FLIP_V ? -1.0f : 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f));
+
+    layerSettings.geometry.positionTransform = translation * scale;
+
+    return layerSettings;
+}
+
+int32_t ReadbackHelper::GetBytesPerPixel(PixelFormat pixelFormat) {
+    switch (pixelFormat) {
+        case PixelFormat::RGBA_8888:
+            return 4;
+        case PixelFormat::RGB_888:
+            return 3;
+        default:
+            return -1;
+    }
+}
+
+void ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(int32_t width, int32_t height, uint32_t stride, void* bufferData,
+                                PixelFormat pixelFormat,
+                                std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> desiredPixelColors) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pixelFormat == PixelFormat::RGB_888 || pixelFormat == PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+    int32_t bytesPerPixel = GetBytesPerPixel(pixelFormat);
+    ASSERT_NE(-1, bytesPerPixel);
+    for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
+        for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
+            int pixel = row * width + col;
+            IComposerClient::Color srcColor = desiredPixelColors[pixel];
+
+            int offset = (row * stride + col) * bytesPerPixel;
+            uint8_t* pixelColor = (uint8_t*)bufferData + offset;
+            pixelColor[0] = srcColor.r;
+            pixelColor[1] = srcColor.g;
+            pixelColor[2] = srcColor.b;
+
+            if (bytesPerPixel == 4) {
+                pixelColor[3] = srcColor.a;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void ReadbackHelper::clearColors(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors, int32_t width,
+                                 int32_t height, int32_t displayWidth) {
+    for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
+        for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
+            int pixel = row * displayWidth + col;
+            expectedColors[pixel] = BLACK;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors,
+                                    int32_t stride, IComposerClient::Rect area,
+                                    IComposerClient::Color color) {
+    for (int row = area.top; row < area.bottom; row++) {
+        for (int col = area.left; col < area.right; col++) {
+            int pixel = row * stride + col;
+            expectedColors[pixel] = color;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(const PixelFormat& pixelFormat, const Dataspace& dataspace,
+                                       const Error error) {
+    if (error != Error::NONE) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    // TODO: add support for RGBA_1010102
+    if (pixelFormat != PixelFormat::RGB_888 && pixelFormat != PixelFormat::RGBA_8888) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (std::find(dataspaces.begin(), dataspaces.end(), dataspace) == dataspaces.end()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+void ReadbackHelper::compareColorBuffers(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors,
+                                         void* bufferData, const uint32_t stride,
+                                         const uint32_t width, const uint32_t height,
+                                         const PixelFormat pixelFormat) {
+    const int32_t bytesPerPixel = ReadbackHelper::GetBytesPerPixel(pixelFormat);
+    ASSERT_NE(-1, bytesPerPixel);
+    for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
+        for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
+            int pixel = row * width + col;
+            int offset = (row * stride + col) * bytesPerPixel;
+            uint8_t* pixelColor = (uint8_t*)bufferData + offset;
+
+            ASSERT_EQ(expectedColors[pixel].r, pixelColor[0]);
+            ASSERT_EQ(expectedColors[pixel].g, pixelColor[1]);
+            ASSERT_EQ(expectedColors[pixel].b, pixelColor[2]);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+ReadbackBuffer::ReadbackBuffer(Display display, const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client,
+                               const std::shared_ptr<Gralloc>& gralloc, uint32_t width,
+                               uint32_t height, PixelFormat pixelFormat, Dataspace dataspace) {
+    mDisplay = display;
+
+    mComposerClient = client;
+    mGralloc = gralloc;
+
+    mPixelFormat = pixelFormat;
+    mDataspace = dataspace;
+
+    mWidth = width;
+    mHeight = height;
+    mLayerCount = 1;
+    mFormat = mPixelFormat;
+    mUsage = static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::GPU_TEXTURE);
+
+    mAccessRegion.top = 0;
+    mAccessRegion.left = 0;
+    mAccessRegion.width = width;
+    mAccessRegion.height = height;
+}
+
+ReadbackBuffer::~ReadbackBuffer() {
+    if (mBufferHandle != nullptr) {
+        mGralloc->freeBuffer(mBufferHandle);
+    }
+}
+
+void ReadbackBuffer::setReadbackBuffer() {
+    if (mBufferHandle != nullptr) {
+        mGralloc->freeBuffer(mBufferHandle);
+        mBufferHandle = nullptr;
+    }
+    mBufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mWidth, mHeight, mLayerCount, mFormat, mUsage,
+                                       /*import*/ true, &mStride);
+    ASSERT_NE(false, mGralloc->validateBufferSize(mBufferHandle, mWidth, mHeight, mLayerCount,
+                                                  mFormat, mUsage, mStride));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(mDisplay, mBufferHandle, -1));
+}
+
+void ReadbackBuffer::checkReadbackBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors) {
+    // lock buffer for reading
+    int32_t fenceHandle;
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(mDisplay, &fenceHandle));
+
+    void* bufData = mGralloc->lock(mBufferHandle, mUsage, mAccessRegion, fenceHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mPixelFormat == PixelFormat::RGB_888 || mPixelFormat == PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+    ReadbackHelper::compareColorBuffers(expectedColors, bufData, mStride, mWidth, mHeight,
+                                        mPixelFormat);
+    int32_t unlockFence = mGralloc->unlock(mBufferHandle);
+    if (unlockFence != -1) {
+        sync_wait(unlockFence, -1);
+        close(unlockFence);
+    }
+}
+
+void TestColorLayer::write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) {
+    TestLayer::write(writer);
+    writer->setLayerCompositionType(IComposerClient::Composition::SOLID_COLOR);
+    writer->setLayerColor(mColor);
+}
+
+LayerSettings TestColorLayer::toRenderEngineLayerSettings() {
+    LayerSettings layerSettings = TestLayer::toRenderEngineLayerSettings();
+
+    layerSettings.source.solidColor =
+            half3(static_cast<half>(mColor.r) / 255.0, static_cast<half>(mColor.g) / 255.0,
+                  static_cast<half>(mColor.b) / 255.0);
+    layerSettings.alpha = mAlpha * (static_cast<half>(mColor.a) / 255.0);
+    return layerSettings;
+}
+
+TestBufferLayer::TestBufferLayer(const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client,
+                                 const std::shared_ptr<Gralloc>& gralloc, Display display,
+                                 int32_t width, int32_t height, PixelFormat format,
+                                 IComposerClient::Composition composition)
+    : TestLayer{client, display} {
+    mGralloc = gralloc;
+    mComposition = composition;
+    mWidth = width;
+    mHeight = height;
+    mLayerCount = 1;
+    mFormat = format;
+    mUsage = static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN |
+                                   BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OVERLAY);
+
+    mAccessRegion.top = 0;
+    mAccessRegion.left = 0;
+    mAccessRegion.width = width;
+    mAccessRegion.height = height;
+
+    setSourceCrop({0, 0, (float)width, (float)height});
+}
+
+TestBufferLayer::~TestBufferLayer() {
+    if (mBufferHandle != nullptr) {
+        mGralloc->freeBuffer(mBufferHandle);
+    }
+}
+
+void TestBufferLayer::write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) {
+    TestLayer::write(writer);
+    writer->setLayerCompositionType(mComposition);
+    writer->setLayerDataspace(Dataspace::UNKNOWN);
+    writer->setLayerVisibleRegion(std::vector<IComposerClient::Rect>(1, mDisplayFrame));
+    if (mBufferHandle != nullptr) writer->setLayerBuffer(0, mBufferHandle, mFillFence);
+}
+
+LayerSettings TestBufferLayer::toRenderEngineLayerSettings() {
+    LayerSettings layerSettings = TestLayer::toRenderEngineLayerSettings();
+    layerSettings.source.buffer.buffer =
+            new GraphicBuffer(mBufferHandle, GraphicBuffer::CLONE_HANDLE, mWidth, mHeight,
+                              static_cast<int32_t>(mFormat), 1, mUsage, mStride);
+    // TODO(b/136483187): Why does this break the premultiply test
+    // layerSettings.source.buffer.usePremultipliedAlpha =
+    //      mBlendMode == IComposerClient::BlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED;
+
+    const float scaleX = (mSourceCrop.right - mSourceCrop.left) / (mWidth);
+    const float scaleY = (mSourceCrop.bottom - mSourceCrop.top) / (mHeight);
+    const float translateX = mSourceCrop.left / (mWidth);
+    const float translateY = mSourceCrop.top / (mHeight);
+
+    layerSettings.source.buffer.textureTransform =
+            mat4::translate(vec4(translateX, translateY, 0, 1)) *
+            mat4::scale(vec4(scaleX, scaleY, 1.0, 1.0));
+
+    return layerSettings;
+}
+
+void TestBufferLayer::fillBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors) {
+    void* bufData = mGralloc->lock(mBufferHandle, mUsage, mAccessRegion, -1);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+            ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(mWidth, mHeight, mStride, bufData, mFormat, expectedColors));
+    mFillFence = mGralloc->unlock(mBufferHandle);
+    if (mFillFence != -1) {
+        sync_wait(mFillFence, -1);
+        close(mFillFence);
+    }
+}
+
+void TestBufferLayer::setBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> colors) {
+    if (mBufferHandle != nullptr) {
+        mGralloc->freeBuffer(mBufferHandle);
+        mBufferHandle = nullptr;
+    }
+    mBufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mWidth, mHeight, mLayerCount, mFormat, mUsage,
+                                       /*import*/ true, &mStride);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mBufferHandle);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(fillBuffer(colors));
+    ASSERT_NE(false, mGralloc->validateBufferSize(mBufferHandle, mWidth, mHeight, mLayerCount,
+                                                  mFormat, mUsage, mStride));
+}
+
+void TestBufferLayer::setToClientComposition(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) {
+    writer->selectLayer(mLayer);
+    writer->setLayerCompositionType(IComposerClient::Composition::CLIENT);
+}
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V2_2
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d910169
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <composer-vts/2.2/RenderEngineVts.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_2 {
+namespace vts {
+
+using mapper::V2_1::IMapper;
+using renderengine::DisplaySettings;
+using renderengine::LayerSettings;
+
+TestRenderEngine::TestRenderEngine(common::V1_1::PixelFormat hwcFormat,
+                                   uint32_t renderEngineFeatures) {
+    mFormat = hwcFormat;
+    mRenderEngine = renderengine::RenderEngine::create(
+            static_cast<int32_t>(mFormat), renderEngineFeatures, mMaxFrameBufferAcquireBuffers);
+}
+
+void TestRenderEngine::setRenderLayers(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers) {
+    sort(layers.begin(), layers.end(),
+         [](const std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>& lhs, const std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>& rhs) -> bool {
+             return lhs->mZOrder < rhs->mZOrder;
+         });
+
+    if (!mCompositionLayers.empty()) {
+        mCompositionLayers.clear();
+    }
+    for (auto& layer : layers) {
+        LayerSettings settings = layer->toRenderEngineLayerSettings();
+        mCompositionLayers.push_back(settings);
+    }
+}
+
+void TestRenderEngine::initGraphicBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t layerCount,
+                                         uint64_t usage) {
+    mGraphicBuffer =
+            new GraphicBuffer(width, height, static_cast<int32_t>(mFormat), layerCount, usage);
+}
+
+void TestRenderEngine::drawLayers() {
+    base::unique_fd bufferFence;
+    base::unique_fd readyFence;
+    mRenderEngine->drawLayers(mDisplaySettings, mCompositionLayers,
+                              mGraphicBuffer->getNativeBuffer(), true, std::move(bufferFence),
+                              &readyFence);
+    int fd = readyFence.release();
+    if (fd != -1) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, sync_wait(fd, -1));
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, close(fd));
+    }
+}
+
+void TestRenderEngine::checkColorBuffer(std::vector<V2_2::IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors) {
+    void* bufferData;
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, mGraphicBuffer->lock(mGraphicBuffer->getUsage(), &bufferData));
+    ReadbackHelper::compareColorBuffers(expectedColors, bufferData, mGraphicBuffer->getStride(),
+                                        mGraphicBuffer->getWidth(), mGraphicBuffer->getHeight(),
+                                        mFormat);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, mGraphicBuffer->unlock());
+}
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V2_2
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/ReadbackVts.h b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/ReadbackVts.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9fa1c3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/ReadbackVts.h
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/composer/2.2/IComposerClient.h>
+#include <composer-command-buffer/2.2/ComposerCommandBuffer.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.1/GraphicsComposerCallback.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.1/TestCommandReader.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.2/ComposerVts.h>
+#include <mapper-vts/2.1/MapperVts.h>
+#include <renderengine/RenderEngine.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_2 {
+namespace vts {
+
+using android::hardware::hidl_handle;
+using common::V1_1::BufferUsage;
+using common::V1_1::Dataspace;
+using common::V1_1::PixelFormat;
+using IMapper2_1 = mapper::V2_1::IMapper;
+using Gralloc2_1 = mapper::V2_1::vts::Gralloc;
+using renderengine::LayerSettings;
+using V2_1::Display;
+using V2_1::Layer;
+using V2_1::vts::AccessRegion;
+using V2_1::vts::TestCommandReader;
+
+static const IComposerClient::Color BLACK = {0, 0, 0, 0xff};
+static const IComposerClient::Color RED = {0xff, 0, 0, 0xff};
+static const IComposerClient::Color TRANSLUCENT_RED = {0xff, 0, 0, 0x33};
+static const IComposerClient::Color GREEN = {0, 0xff, 0, 0xff};
+static const IComposerClient::Color BLUE = {0, 0, 0xff, 0xff};
+
+class TestLayer {
+  public:
+    TestLayer(const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client, Display display)
+        : mLayer(client->createLayer(display, kBufferSlotCount)), mComposerClient(client) {}
+
+    // ComposerClient will take care of destroying layers, no need to explicitly
+    // call destroyLayers here
+    virtual ~TestLayer(){};
+
+    virtual void write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer);
+    virtual LayerSettings toRenderEngineLayerSettings();
+
+    void setDisplayFrame(IComposerClient::Rect frame) { mDisplayFrame = frame; }
+    void setSourceCrop(IComposerClient::FRect crop) { mSourceCrop = crop; }
+    void setZOrder(uint32_t z) { mZOrder = z; }
+
+    void setSurfaceDamage(std::vector<IComposerClient::Rect> surfaceDamage) {
+        mSurfaceDamage = surfaceDamage;
+    }
+
+    void setTransform(Transform transform) { mTransform = transform; }
+    void setAlpha(float alpha) { mAlpha = alpha; }
+    void setBlendMode(IComposerClient::BlendMode blendMode) { mBlendMode = blendMode; }
+
+    static constexpr uint32_t kBufferSlotCount = 64;
+
+    IComposerClient::Rect mDisplayFrame = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+    uint32_t mZOrder = 0;
+    std::vector<IComposerClient::Rect> mSurfaceDamage;
+    Transform mTransform = static_cast<Transform>(0);
+    IComposerClient::FRect mSourceCrop = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+    float mAlpha = 1.0;
+    IComposerClient::BlendMode mBlendMode = IComposerClient::BlendMode::NONE;
+
+  protected:
+    Layer mLayer;
+
+  private:
+    std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient> const mComposerClient;
+};
+
+class TestColorLayer : public TestLayer {
+  public:
+    TestColorLayer(const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client, Display display)
+        : TestLayer{client, display} {}
+
+    void write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) override;
+
+    LayerSettings toRenderEngineLayerSettings() override;
+
+    void setColor(IComposerClient::Color color) { mColor = color; }
+
+  private:
+    IComposerClient::Color mColor = {0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff};
+};
+
+class TestBufferLayer : public TestLayer {
+  public:
+    TestBufferLayer(
+            const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client, const std::shared_ptr<Gralloc>& gralloc,
+            Display display, int32_t width, int32_t height, PixelFormat format,
+            IComposerClient::Composition composition = IComposerClient::Composition::DEVICE);
+
+    ~TestBufferLayer();
+
+    void write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) override;
+
+    LayerSettings toRenderEngineLayerSettings() override;
+
+    void fillBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors);
+
+    void setBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> colors);
+
+    void setToClientComposition(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer);
+
+    uint32_t mWidth;
+    uint32_t mHeight;
+    uint32_t mLayerCount;
+    PixelFormat mFormat;
+    uint64_t mUsage;
+    AccessRegion mAccessRegion;
+    uint32_t mStride;
+
+  protected:
+    IComposerClient::Composition mComposition;
+    std::shared_ptr<Gralloc> mGralloc;
+    int32_t mFillFence;
+    const native_handle_t* mBufferHandle = nullptr;
+};
+
+class ReadbackHelper : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+  public:
+    static std::string getColorModeString(ColorMode mode);
+
+    static std::string getDataspaceString(Dataspace dataspace);
+
+    static Dataspace getDataspaceForColorMode(ColorMode mode);
+
+    static int32_t GetBytesPerPixel(PixelFormat pixelFormat);
+
+    static void fillBuffer(int32_t width, int32_t height, uint32_t stride, void* bufferData,
+                           PixelFormat pixelFormat,
+                           std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> desiredPixelColors);
+
+    static void clearColors(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors, int32_t width,
+                            int32_t height, int32_t displayWidth);
+
+    static void fillColorsArea(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors, int32_t stride,
+                               IComposerClient::Rect area, IComposerClient::Color color);
+
+    static bool readbackSupported(const PixelFormat& pixelFormat, const Dataspace& dataspace,
+                                  const Error error);
+
+    static const std::vector<ColorMode> colorModes;
+    static const std::vector<Dataspace> dataspaces;
+
+    static void compareColorBuffers(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors,
+                                    void* bufferData, const uint32_t stride, const uint32_t width,
+                                    const uint32_t height, const PixelFormat pixelFormat);
+};
+
+class ReadbackBuffer {
+  public:
+    ReadbackBuffer(Display display, const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client,
+                   const std::shared_ptr<Gralloc>& gralloc, uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
+                   PixelFormat pixelFormat, Dataspace dataspace);
+    ~ReadbackBuffer();
+
+    void setReadbackBuffer();
+
+    void checkReadbackBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors);
+
+  protected:
+    uint32_t mWidth;
+    uint32_t mHeight;
+    uint32_t mLayerCount;
+    PixelFormat mFormat;
+    uint64_t mUsage;
+    AccessRegion mAccessRegion;
+    uint32_t mStride;
+    const native_handle_t* mBufferHandle = nullptr;
+    PixelFormat mPixelFormat;
+    Dataspace mDataspace;
+    Display mDisplay;
+    std::shared_ptr<Gralloc> mGralloc;
+    std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient> mComposerClient;
+};
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V2_2
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/RenderEngineVts.h b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/RenderEngineVts.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ac5a22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/RenderEngineVts.h
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <composer-vts/2.2/ReadbackVts.h>
+#include <math/half.h>
+#include <math/vec3.h>
+#include <renderengine/RenderEngine.h>
+#include <ui/GraphicBuffer.h>
+#include <ui/GraphicBufferAllocator.h>
+#include <ui/PixelFormat.h>
+#include <ui/Rect.h>
+#include <ui/Region.h>
+
+#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_2 {
+namespace vts {
+
+using mapper::V2_1::IMapper;
+using renderengine::DisplaySettings;
+using vts::Gralloc;
+
+class TestRenderEngine {
+  public:
+    TestRenderEngine(common::V1_1::PixelFormat hwcFormat, uint32_t renderEngineFeatures);
+    ~TestRenderEngine() = default;
+
+    void setRenderLayers(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers);
+    void initGraphicBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t layerCount, uint64_t usage);
+    void setDisplaySettings(DisplaySettings& displaySettings) {
+        mDisplaySettings = displaySettings;
+    };
+    void drawLayers();
+    void checkColorBuffer(std::vector<V2_2::IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors);
+
+  private:
+    static constexpr uint32_t mMaxFrameBufferAcquireBuffers = 2;
+    common::V1_1::PixelFormat mFormat;
+    std::vector<renderengine::LayerSettings> mCompositionLayers;
+    std::unique_ptr<renderengine::RenderEngine> mRenderEngine;
+    std::vector<renderengine::LayerSettings> mRenderLayers;
+    sp<GraphicBuffer> mGraphicBuffer;
+    DisplaySettings mDisplaySettings;
+};
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V2_2
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 9f7e1cd..cc24774 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
     srcs: [
         "VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp",
         "VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2TargetTest.cpp",
+        "VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2CompositionComparisonTest.cpp",
     ],
 
     // TODO(b/64437680): Assume these libs are always available on the device.
@@ -27,9 +28,19 @@
         "libfmq",
         "libhidlbase",
         "libhidltransport",
+        "libhwbinder",
         "libsync",
+        "libui",
+        "libgui",
+        "libEGL",
+        "libGLESv1_CM",
+        "libGLESv2",
     ],
     static_libs: [
+        "librenderengine",
+        "libmath",
+        "libarect",
+        "libnativewindow",
         "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@3.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.1",
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2CompositionComparisonTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2CompositionComparisonTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d694a5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2CompositionComparisonTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,262 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "graphics_composer_hidl_hal_readback_tests@2.2"
+
+#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
+#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <composer-command-buffer/2.2/ComposerCommandBuffer.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.1/GraphicsComposerCallback.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.1/TestCommandReader.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.2/ComposerVts.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.2/ReadbackVts.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.2/RenderEngineVts.h>
+#include <ui/GraphicBuffer.h>
+#include <ui/GraphicBufferAllocator.h>
+#include <ui/PixelFormat.h>
+#include <ui/Rect.h>
+#include <ui/Region.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_2 {
+namespace vts {
+namespace {
+
+using android::GraphicBuffer;
+using android::Rect;
+using android::hardware::hidl_handle;
+using common::V1_1::BufferUsage;
+using common::V1_1::Dataspace;
+using common::V1_1::PixelFormat;
+using mapper::V2_1::IMapper;
+using V2_1::Config;
+using V2_1::Display;
+using V2_1::vts::TestCommandReader;
+using vts::Gralloc;
+
+// Test environment for graphics.composer
+class GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
+  public:
+    // get the test environment singleton
+    static GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
+        static GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment* instance = new GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment;
+        return instance;
+    }
+    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IComposer>(); }
+
+  private:
+    GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment() {}
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment);
+};
+
+class GraphicsCompositionComparisonTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+  protected:
+    using PowerMode = V2_1::IComposerClient::PowerMode;
+    void SetUp() override {
+        VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::SetUp();
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposer = std::make_unique<Composer>(
+                        GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IComposer>()));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient = mComposer->createClient());
+        mComposerCallback = new V2_1::vts::GraphicsComposerCallback;
+        mComposerClient->registerCallback(mComposerCallback);
+
+        // assume the first display is primary and is never removed
+        mPrimaryDisplay = waitForFirstDisplay();
+        Config activeConfig;
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(activeConfig = mComposerClient->getActiveConfig(mPrimaryDisplay));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mDisplayWidth = mComposerClient->getDisplayAttribute(
+                        mPrimaryDisplay, activeConfig, IComposerClient::Attribute::WIDTH));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mDisplayHeight = mComposerClient->getDisplayAttribute(
+                        mPrimaryDisplay, activeConfig, IComposerClient::Attribute::HEIGHT));
+
+        setTestColorModes();
+
+        // explicitly disable vsync
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setVsyncEnabled(mPrimaryDisplay, false));
+        mComposerCallback->setVsyncAllowed(false);
+
+        // set up command writer/reader and gralloc
+        mWriter = std::make_shared<CommandWriterBase>(1024);
+        mReader = std::make_unique<TestCommandReader>();
+        mGralloc = std::make_shared<Gralloc>();
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setPowerMode(mPrimaryDisplay, PowerMode::ON));
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mTestRenderEngine = std::unique_ptr<TestRenderEngine>(new TestRenderEngine(
+                        PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
+                        renderengine::RenderEngine::USE_COLOR_MANAGEMENT |
+                                renderengine::RenderEngine::USE_HIGH_PRIORITY_CONTEXT)));
+
+        renderengine::DisplaySettings clientCompositionDisplay;
+        clientCompositionDisplay.physicalDisplay = Rect(mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight);
+        clientCompositionDisplay.clip = clientCompositionDisplay.physicalDisplay;
+        clientCompositionDisplay.clearRegion = Region(clientCompositionDisplay.physicalDisplay);
+
+        mTestRenderEngine->initGraphicBuffer(
+                static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayWidth), static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayHeight), 1,
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setDisplaySettings(clientCompositionDisplay);
+    }
+
+    void TearDown() override {
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setPowerMode(mPrimaryDisplay, PowerMode::OFF));
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+        if (mComposerCallback != nullptr) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(0, mComposerCallback->getInvalidHotplugCount());
+            EXPECT_EQ(0, mComposerCallback->getInvalidRefreshCount());
+            EXPECT_EQ(0, mComposerCallback->getInvalidVsyncCount());
+        }
+        VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::TearDown();
+    }
+
+    void clearCommandReaderState() {
+        mReader->mCompositionChanges.clear();
+        mReader->mErrors.clear();
+    }
+
+    void writeLayers(const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>>& layers) {
+        for (auto layer : layers) {
+            layer->write(mWriter);
+        }
+        execute();
+    }
+
+    void execute() {
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->execute(mReader.get(), mWriter.get()));
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<Composer> mComposer;
+    std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient> mComposerClient;
+
+    sp<V2_1::vts::GraphicsComposerCallback> mComposerCallback;
+    // the first display and is assumed never to be removed
+    Display mPrimaryDisplay;
+    int32_t mDisplayWidth;
+    int32_t mDisplayHeight;
+    std::vector<ColorMode> mTestColorModes;
+    std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase> mWriter;
+    std::unique_ptr<TestCommandReader> mReader;
+    std::shared_ptr<Gralloc> mGralloc;
+    std::unique_ptr<TestRenderEngine> mTestRenderEngine;
+
+    bool mHasReadbackBuffer;
+    PixelFormat mPixelFormat;
+    Dataspace mDataspace;
+
+  private:
+    Display waitForFirstDisplay() {
+        while (true) {
+            std::vector<Display> displays = mComposerCallback->getDisplays();
+            if (displays.empty()) {
+                usleep(5 * 1000);
+                continue;
+            }
+            return displays[0];
+        }
+    }
+
+    void setTestColorModes() {
+        mTestColorModes.clear();
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getColorModes_2_2(mPrimaryDisplay, [&](const auto& tmpError,
+                                                                          const auto& tmpModes) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, tmpError);
+            for (ColorMode mode : tmpModes) {
+                if (std::find(ReadbackHelper::colorModes.begin(), ReadbackHelper::colorModes.end(),
+                              mode) != ReadbackHelper::colorModes.end()) {
+                    mTestColorModes.push_back(mode);
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+};
+
+TEST_F(GraphicsCompositionComparisonTest, SingleSolidColorLayer) {
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        std::cout << "---Testing Color Mode " << ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(mode) << "---"
+                  << std::endl;
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        IComposerClient::Rect coloredSquare({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setColor(BLUE);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame(coloredSquare);
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        // expected color for each pixel
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, coloredSquare, BLUE);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        // if hwc cannot handle and asks for composition change,
+        // just succeed the test
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+        mTestRenderEngine->setRenderLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->drawLayers());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mTestRenderEngine->checkColorBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V2_2
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp
index 02c4c9c..fd46e37 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -18,13 +18,10 @@
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
-#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
-#include <android/hardware/graphics/composer/2.2/IComposerClient.h>
 #include <composer-command-buffer/2.2/ComposerCommandBuffer.h>
 #include <composer-vts/2.1/GraphicsComposerCallback.h>
 #include <composer-vts/2.1/TestCommandReader.h>
-#include <composer-vts/2.2/ComposerVts.h>
-#include <mapper-vts/2.1/MapperVts.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.2/ReadbackVts.h>
 
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
@@ -41,15 +38,8 @@
 using mapper::V2_1::IMapper;
 using V2_1::Display;
 using V2_1::Layer;
-using V2_1::vts::AccessRegion;
 using V2_1::vts::TestCommandReader;
 
-static const IComposerClient::Color BLACK = {0, 0, 0, 0xff};
-static const IComposerClient::Color RED = {0xff, 0, 0, 0xff};
-static const IComposerClient::Color TRANSLUCENT_RED = {0xff, 0, 0, 0x33};
-static const IComposerClient::Color GREEN = {0, 0xff, 0, 0xff};
-static const IComposerClient::Color BLUE = {0, 0, 0xff, 0xff};
-
 // Test environment for graphics.composer
 class GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
    public:
@@ -65,92 +55,7 @@
     GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment);
 };
 
-class TestLayer {
-   public:
-    TestLayer(const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client, Display display)
-        : mLayer(client->createLayer(display, kBufferSlotCount)), mComposerClient(client) {}
-
-    // ComposerClient will take care of destroying layers, no need to explicitly
-    // call destroyLayers here
-    virtual ~TestLayer(){};
-
-    virtual void write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) {
-        writer->selectLayer(mLayer);
-        writer->setLayerDisplayFrame(mDisplayFrame);
-        writer->setLayerSourceCrop(mSourceCrop);
-        writer->setLayerZOrder(mZOrder);
-        writer->setLayerSurfaceDamage(mSurfaceDamage);
-        writer->setLayerTransform(mTransform);
-        writer->setLayerPlaneAlpha(mAlpha);
-        writer->setLayerBlendMode(mBlendMode);
-    }
-
-    void setDisplayFrame(IComposerClient::Rect frame) { mDisplayFrame = frame; }
-    void setSourceCrop(IComposerClient::FRect crop) { mSourceCrop = crop; }
-    void setZOrder(uint32_t z) { mZOrder = z; }
-
-    void setSurfaceDamage(std::vector<IComposerClient::Rect> surfaceDamage) {
-        mSurfaceDamage = surfaceDamage;
-    }
-
-    void setTransform(Transform transform) { mTransform = transform; }
-    void setAlpha(float alpha) { mAlpha = alpha; }
-    void setBlendMode(IComposerClient::BlendMode blendMode) { mBlendMode = blendMode; }
-
-    static constexpr uint32_t kBufferSlotCount = 64;
-
-    IComposerClient::Rect mDisplayFrame = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-    uint32_t mZOrder = 0;
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Rect> mSurfaceDamage;
-    Transform mTransform = static_cast<Transform>(0);
-    IComposerClient::FRect mSourceCrop = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-    float mAlpha = 1.0;
-    IComposerClient::BlendMode mBlendMode = IComposerClient::BlendMode::NONE;
-
-   protected:
-    Layer mLayer;
-
-   private:
-    std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient> const mComposerClient;
-};
-
 class GraphicsComposerReadbackTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
-    static int32_t GetBytesPerPixel(PixelFormat pixelFormat) {
-        switch (pixelFormat) {
-            case PixelFormat::RGBA_8888:
-                return 4;
-            case PixelFormat::RGB_888:
-                return 3;
-            default:
-                return -1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    static void fillBuffer(int32_t width, int32_t height, uint32_t stride, void* bufferData,
-                           PixelFormat pixelFormat,
-                           std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> desiredPixelColors) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(pixelFormat == PixelFormat::RGB_888 || pixelFormat == PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
-        int32_t bytesPerPixel = GetBytesPerPixel(pixelFormat);
-        ASSERT_NE(-1, bytesPerPixel);
-        for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
-            for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
-                int pixel = row * width + col;
-                IComposerClient::Color srcColor = desiredPixelColors[pixel];
-
-                int offset = (row * stride + col) * bytesPerPixel;
-                uint8_t* pixelColor = (uint8_t*)bufferData + offset;
-                pixelColor[0] = srcColor.r;
-                pixelColor[1] = srcColor.g;
-                pixelColor[2] = srcColor.b;
-
-                if (bytesPerPixel == 4) {
-                    pixelColor[3] = srcColor.a;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
    protected:
     using PowerMode = V2_1::IComposerClient::PowerMode;
     void SetUp() override {
@@ -173,6 +78,8 @@
             mDisplayHeight = mComposerClient->getDisplayAttribute(
                 mPrimaryDisplay, activeConfig, IComposerClient::Attribute::HEIGHT));
 
+        setTestColorModes();
+
         // explicitly disable vsync
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setVsyncEnabled(mPrimaryDisplay, false));
         mComposerCallback->setVsyncAllowed(false);
@@ -182,21 +89,6 @@
         mReader = std::make_unique<TestCommandReader>();
         mGralloc = std::make_shared<Gralloc>();
 
-        std::vector<ColorMode> colorModes = mComposerClient->getColorModes(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        if (std::find(colorModes.begin(), colorModes.end(), ColorMode::SRGB) == colorModes.end()) {
-            mHasReadbackBuffer = false;
-            return;
-        }
-        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, ColorMode::SRGB,
-                                                              RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
-        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
-            mPrimaryDisplay,
-            [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
-                mHasReadbackBuffer = readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat, tmpDataspace, tmpError);
-                mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
-                mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
-            });
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setPowerMode(mPrimaryDisplay, PowerMode::ON));
     }
 
@@ -217,10 +109,6 @@
         mReader->mErrors.clear();
     }
 
-    void execute() {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->execute(mReader.get(), mWriter.get()));
-    }
-
     void writeLayers(const std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>>& layers) {
         for (auto layer : layers) {
             layer->write(mWriter);
@@ -228,42 +116,10 @@
         execute();
     }
 
-    void clearColors(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors, int32_t width,
-                     int32_t height) {
-        for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
-            for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
-                int pixel = row * mDisplayWidth + col;
-                expectedColors[pixel] = BLACK;
-            }
-        }
+    void execute() {
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->execute(mReader.get(), mWriter.get()));
     }
 
-    void fillColorsArea(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors, int32_t stride,
-                        IComposerClient::Rect area, IComposerClient::Color color) {
-        for (int row = area.top; row < area.bottom; row++) {
-            for (int col = area.left; col < area.right; col++) {
-                int pixel = row * stride + col;
-                expectedColors[pixel] = color;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    bool readbackSupported(const PixelFormat& pixelFormat, const Dataspace& dataspace,
-                           const Error error) {
-        if (error != Error::NONE) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        // TODO: add support for RGBA_1010102
-        if (pixelFormat != PixelFormat::RGB_888 && pixelFormat != PixelFormat::RGBA_8888) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        if (dataspace != Dataspace::V0_SRGB) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        return true;
-    }
-
-
     std::unique_ptr<Composer> mComposer;
     std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient> mComposerClient;
 
@@ -272,6 +128,7 @@
     Display mPrimaryDisplay;
     int32_t mDisplayWidth;
     int32_t mDisplayHeight;
+    std::vector<ColorMode> mTestColorModes;
     std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase> mWriter;
     std::unique_ptr<TestCommandReader> mReader;
     std::shared_ptr<Gralloc> mGralloc;
@@ -293,722 +150,743 @@
             return displays[0];
         }
     }
-};
-class ReadbackBuffer {
-   public:
-    ReadbackBuffer(Display display, const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client,
-                   const std::shared_ptr<Gralloc>& gralloc, uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
-                   PixelFormat pixelFormat, Dataspace dataspace) {
-        mDisplay = display;
 
-        mComposerClient = client;
-        mGralloc = gralloc;
-
-        mFormat = pixelFormat;
-        mDataspace = dataspace;
-
-        mWidth = width;
-        mHeight = height;
-        mLayerCount = 1;
-        mUsage = static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::GPU_TEXTURE);
-
-        mAccessRegion.top = 0;
-        mAccessRegion.left = 0;
-        mAccessRegion.width = width;
-        mAccessRegion.height = height;
-    };
-
-    ~ReadbackBuffer() {
-        if (mBufferHandle != nullptr) {
-            mGralloc->freeBuffer(mBufferHandle);
-        }
-    }
-
-    void setReadbackBuffer() {
-        if (mBufferHandle != nullptr) {
-            mGralloc->freeBuffer(mBufferHandle);
-            mBufferHandle = nullptr;
-        }
-        mBufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mWidth, mHeight, mLayerCount, mFormat, mUsage,
-                                           /*import*/ true, &mStride);
-        ASSERT_NE(false, mGralloc->validateBufferSize(mBufferHandle, mWidth, mHeight, mLayerCount,
-                                                      mFormat, mUsage, mStride));
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(mDisplay, mBufferHandle, -1));
-    }
-
-    void checkReadbackBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors) {
-        // lock buffer for reading
-        int32_t fenceHandle;
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(mDisplay, &fenceHandle));
-
-        void* bufData = mGralloc->lock(mBufferHandle, mUsage, mAccessRegion, fenceHandle);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mFormat == PixelFormat::RGB_888 || mFormat == PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
-        int32_t bytesPerPixel = GraphicsComposerReadbackTest::GetBytesPerPixel(mFormat);
-        ASSERT_NE(-1, bytesPerPixel);
-        for (int row = 0; row < mHeight; row++) {
-            for (int col = 0; col < mWidth; col++) {
-                int pixel = row * mWidth + col;
-                int offset = (row * mStride + col) * bytesPerPixel;
-                uint8_t* pixelColor = (uint8_t*)bufData + offset;
-
-                ASSERT_EQ(expectedColors[pixel].r, pixelColor[0]);
-                ASSERT_EQ(expectedColors[pixel].g, pixelColor[1]);
-                ASSERT_EQ(expectedColors[pixel].b, pixelColor[2]);
+    void setTestColorModes() {
+        mTestColorModes.clear();
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getColorModes_2_2(mPrimaryDisplay, [&](const auto& tmpError,
+                                                                          const auto& tmpModes) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, tmpError);
+            for (ColorMode mode : tmpModes) {
+                if (std::find(ReadbackHelper::colorModes.begin(), ReadbackHelper::colorModes.end(),
+                              mode) != ReadbackHelper::colorModes.end()) {
+                    mTestColorModes.push_back(mode);
+                }
             }
-        }
-        int32_t unlockFence = mGralloc->unlock(mBufferHandle);
-        if (unlockFence != -1) {
-            sync_wait(unlockFence, -1);
-            close(unlockFence);
-        }
+        });
     }
-
-    uint32_t mWidth;
-    uint32_t mHeight;
-    uint32_t mLayerCount;
-    PixelFormat mFormat;
-    uint64_t mUsage;
-    AccessRegion mAccessRegion;
-
-  protected:
-    uint32_t mStride;
-    const native_handle_t* mBufferHandle = nullptr;
-    Dataspace mDataspace;
-    Display mDisplay;
-    std::shared_ptr<Gralloc> mGralloc;
-    std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient> mComposerClient;
-};
-
-class TestColorLayer : public TestLayer {
-   public:
-    TestColorLayer(const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client, Display display)
-        : TestLayer{client, display} {}
-
-    void write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) override {
-        TestLayer::write(writer);
-        writer->setLayerCompositionType(IComposerClient::Composition::SOLID_COLOR);
-        writer->setLayerColor(mColor);
-    }
-
-    void setColor(IComposerClient::Color color) { mColor = color; }
-
-   private:
-    IComposerClient::Color mColor = {0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff};
-};
-
-class TestBufferLayer : public TestLayer {
-   public:
-    TestBufferLayer(const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client,
-                    const std::shared_ptr<Gralloc>& gralloc, Display display, int32_t width,
-                    int32_t height, PixelFormat format,
-                    IComposerClient::Composition composition = IComposerClient::Composition::DEVICE)
-        : TestLayer{client, display} {
-        mGralloc = gralloc;
-        mComposition = composition;
-        mWidth = width;
-        mHeight = height;
-        mLayerCount = 1;
-        mFormat = format;
-        mUsage = static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN |
-                                       BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OVERLAY);
-
-        mAccessRegion.top = 0;
-        mAccessRegion.left = 0;
-        mAccessRegion.width = width;
-        mAccessRegion.height = height;
-
-        setSourceCrop({0, 0, (float)width, (float)height});
-    }
-
-    ~TestBufferLayer() {
-        if (mBufferHandle != nullptr) {
-            mGralloc->freeBuffer(mBufferHandle);
-        }
-    }
-
-    void write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) override {
-        TestLayer::write(writer);
-        writer->setLayerCompositionType(mComposition);
-        writer->setLayerDataspace(Dataspace::UNKNOWN);
-        writer->setLayerVisibleRegion(std::vector<IComposerClient::Rect>(1, mDisplayFrame));
-        if (mBufferHandle != nullptr) writer->setLayerBuffer(0, mBufferHandle, mFillFence);
-    }
-
-    void fillBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors) {
-        void* bufData = mGralloc->lock(mBufferHandle, mUsage, mAccessRegion, -1);
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(GraphicsComposerReadbackTest::fillBuffer(
-                mWidth, mHeight, mStride, bufData, mFormat, expectedColors));
-        mFillFence = mGralloc->unlock(mBufferHandle);
-        if (mFillFence != -1) {
-            sync_wait(mFillFence, -1);
-            close(mFillFence);
-        }
-    }
-    void setBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> colors) {
-        if (mBufferHandle != nullptr) {
-            mGralloc->freeBuffer(mBufferHandle);
-            mBufferHandle = nullptr;
-        }
-        mBufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mWidth, mHeight, mLayerCount, mFormat, mUsage,
-                                           /*import*/ true, &mStride);
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mBufferHandle);
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(fillBuffer(colors));
-        ASSERT_NE(false, mGralloc->validateBufferSize(mBufferHandle, mWidth, mHeight, mLayerCount,
-                                                      mFormat, mUsage, mStride));
-    }
-
-    void setToClientComposition(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) {
-        writer->selectLayer(mLayer);
-        writer->setLayerCompositionType(IComposerClient::Composition::CLIENT);
-    }
-
-    AccessRegion mAccessRegion;
-    uint32_t mStride;
-    uint32_t mWidth;
-    uint32_t mHeight;
-    uint32_t mLayerCount;
-    PixelFormat mFormat;
-
-  protected:
-    uint64_t mUsage;
-    IComposerClient::Composition mComposition;
-    std::shared_ptr<Gralloc> mGralloc;
-    int32_t mFillFence;
-    const native_handle_t* mBufferHandle = nullptr;
 };
 
 TEST_F(GraphicsComposerReadbackTest, SingleSolidColorLayer) {
-    if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        std::cout << "---Testing Color Mode " << ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(mode) << "---"
                   << std::endl;
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
-        return;
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        IComposerClient::Rect coloredSquare({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setColor(BLUE);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame(coloredSquare);
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        // expected color for each pixel
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, coloredSquare, BLUE);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        // if hwc cannot handle and asks for composition change,
+        // just succeed the test
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
     }
-
-    auto layer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
-    IComposerClient::Rect coloredSquare({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
-    layer->setColor(BLUE);
-    layer->setDisplayFrame(coloredSquare);
-    layer->setZOrder(10);
-
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
-
-    // expected color for each pixel
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, coloredSquare, BLUE);
-
-    ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
-                                  mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
-
-    writeLayers(layers);
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-    // if hwc cannot handle and asks for composition change,
-    // just succeed the test
-    if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
-        clearCommandReaderState();
-        GTEST_SUCCEED();
-        return;
-    }
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GraphicsComposerReadbackTest, SetLayerBuffer) {
-    if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        std::cout << "---Testing Color Mode " << ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(mode) << "---"
                   << std::endl;
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
-        return;
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 4}, RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mDisplayHeight / 4, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2},
+                                       GREEN);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight},
+                                       BLUE);
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(mComposerClient, mGralloc, mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                       mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight,
+                                                       PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->setBuffer(expectedColors));
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
     }
-
-    ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
-                                  mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 4}, RED);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
-                   {0, mDisplayHeight / 4, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2}, GREEN);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
-                   {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, BLUE);
-
-    auto layer =
-        std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(mComposerClient, mGralloc, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth,
-                                          mDisplayHeight, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
-    layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
-    layer->setZOrder(10);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->setBuffer(expectedColors));
-
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
-
-    writeLayers(layers);
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-
-    if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
-        clearCommandReaderState();
-        GTEST_SUCCEED();
-        return;
-    }
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GraphicsComposerReadbackTest, SetLayerBufferNoEffect) {
-    if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        std::cout << "---Testing Color Mode " << ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(mode) << "---"
                   << std::endl;
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
-        return;
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        IComposerClient::Rect coloredSquare({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setColor(BLUE);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame(coloredSquare);
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+        layer->write(mWriter);
+
+        // This following buffer call should have no effect
+        uint64_t usage =
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN);
+        const native_handle_t* bufferHandle =
+                mGralloc->allocate(mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, 1, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888, usage);
+        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(0, bufferHandle, -1);
+
+        // expected color for each pixel
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, coloredSquare, BLUE);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
     }
-
-
-    auto layer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
-    IComposerClient::Rect coloredSquare({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
-    layer->setColor(BLUE);
-    layer->setDisplayFrame(coloredSquare);
-    layer->setZOrder(10);
-    layer->write(mWriter);
-
-    // This following buffer call should have no effect
-    PixelFormat format = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
-    uint64_t usage =
-            static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN);
-    const native_handle_t* bufferHandle =
-            mGralloc->allocate(mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, 1, format, usage);
-    mWriter->setLayerBuffer(0, bufferHandle, -1);
-
-    // expected color for each pixel
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, coloredSquare, BLUE);
-
-    ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
-                                  mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
-
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-
-    if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
-        clearCommandReaderState();
-        GTEST_SUCCEED();
-        return;
-    }
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GraphicsComposerReadbackTest, ClientComposition) {
-    if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
-                  << std::endl;
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
-        return;
-    }
-
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 4}, RED);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
-                   {0, mDisplayHeight / 4, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2}, GREEN);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
-                   {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, BLUE);
-
-    auto layer =
-        std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(mComposerClient, mGralloc, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth,
-                                          mDisplayHeight, PixelFormat::RGBA_FP16);
-    layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
-    layer->setZOrder(10);
-
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
-
-    ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
-                                  mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
-    writeLayers(layers);
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-
-    if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
-        ASSERT_EQ(1, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
-        ASSERT_EQ(1, mReader->mCompositionChanges[0].second);
-
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
             mComposerClient->setClientTargetSlotCount(mPrimaryDisplay, kClientTargetSlotCount));
 
-        // create client target buffer
-        uint32_t clientStride;
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        std::cout << "---Testing Color Mode " << ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(mode) << "---"
+                  << std::endl;
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 4}, RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mDisplayHeight / 4, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2},
+                                       GREEN);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight},
+                                       BLUE);
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(mComposerClient, mGralloc, mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                       mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight,
+                                                       PixelFormat::RGBA_FP16);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(1, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+            ASSERT_EQ(1, mReader->mCompositionChanges[0].second);
+
+            PixelFormat clientFormat = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
+            uint64_t clientUsage = static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN |
+                                                         BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN |
+                                                         BufferUsage::COMPOSER_CLIENT_TARGET);
+            Dataspace clientDataspace = ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode);
+            IComposerClient::Rect damage{0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight};
+
+            bool clientTargetSupported = mComposerClient->getClientTargetSupport_2_2(
+                    mPrimaryDisplay, layer->mWidth, layer->mHeight, clientFormat, clientDataspace);
+            // if the client target format is not supported, skip this
+            // configuration
+            if (!clientTargetSupported) {
+                std::cout << "Client target configuration width: " << layer->mWidth
+                          << " height: " << layer->mHeight
+                          << " pixel format: PixelFormat::RGBA_8888 dataspace: "
+                          << ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceString(clientDataspace)
+                          << " unsupported for display" << std::endl;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // create client target buffer
+            uint32_t clientStride;
+            const native_handle_t* clientBufferHandle =
+                    mGralloc->allocate(layer->mWidth, layer->mHeight, layer->mLayerCount,
+                                       clientFormat, clientUsage, /*import*/ true, &clientStride);
+            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, clientBufferHandle);
+
+            void* clientBufData =
+                    mGralloc->lock(clientBufferHandle, clientUsage, layer->mAccessRegion, -1);
+
+            ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(layer->mWidth, layer->mHeight,
+                                                               clientStride, clientBufData,
+                                                               clientFormat, expectedColors));
+            int clientFence = mGralloc->unlock(clientBufferHandle);
+            if (clientFence != -1) {
+                sync_wait(clientFence, -1);
+                close(clientFence);
+            }
+
+            mWriter->setClientTarget(0, clientBufferHandle, clientFence, clientDataspace,
+                                     std::vector<IComposerClient::Rect>(1, damage));
+
+            layer->setToClientComposition(mWriter);
+            mWriter->validateDisplay();
+            execute();
+            ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_F(GraphicsComposerReadbackTest, DeviceAndClientComposition) {
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+            mComposerClient->setClientTargetSlotCount(mPrimaryDisplay, kClientTargetSlotCount));
+
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        std::cout << "---Testing Color Mode " << ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(mode) << "---"
+                  << std::endl;
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2}, GREEN);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, RED);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        auto deviceLayer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(
+                mComposerClient, mGralloc, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2,
+                PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> deviceColors(deviceLayer->mWidth *
+                                                         deviceLayer->mHeight);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(deviceColors, deviceLayer->mWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->mWidth),
+                                        static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->mHeight)},
+                                       GREEN);
+        deviceLayer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->mWidth),
+                                      static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->mHeight)});
+        deviceLayer->setZOrder(10);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(deviceLayer->setBuffer(deviceColors));
+        deviceLayer->write(mWriter);
+
         PixelFormat clientFormat = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
         uint64_t clientUsage =
                 static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN |
                                       BufferUsage::COMPOSER_CLIENT_TARGET);
+        Dataspace clientDataspace = ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode);
+        int32_t clientWidth = mDisplayWidth;
+        int32_t clientHeight = mDisplayHeight / 2;
+
+        bool clientTargetSupported = mComposerClient->getClientTargetSupport_2_2(
+                mPrimaryDisplay, clientWidth, clientHeight, clientFormat, clientDataspace);
+        // if the client target format is not supported, skip this
+        // configuration
+        if (!clientTargetSupported) {
+            std::cout << "Client target configuration width: " << clientWidth
+                      << " height: " << clientHeight
+                      << " pixel format: PixelFormat::RGBA_8888 dataspace: "
+                      << ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceString(clientDataspace)
+                      << " unsupported for display" << std::endl;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        auto clientLayer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(
+                mComposerClient, mGralloc, mPrimaryDisplay, clientWidth, clientHeight,
+                PixelFormat::RGBA_FP16, IComposerClient::Composition::DEVICE);
+        IComposerClient::Rect clientFrame = {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight};
+        clientLayer->setDisplayFrame(clientFrame);
+        clientLayer->setZOrder(0);
+        clientLayer->write(mWriter);
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 1) {
+            std::cout << "HWC asked for none or more than 1 composition change, skipping"
+                      << std::endl;
+            mReader->mCompositionChanges.clear();
+            continue;
+        }
+        // create client target buffer
+        ASSERT_EQ(1, mReader->mCompositionChanges[0].second);
+        uint32_t clientStride;
         const native_handle_t* clientBufferHandle =
-                mGralloc->allocate(layer->mWidth, layer->mHeight, layer->mLayerCount, clientFormat,
-                                   clientUsage, /*import*/ true, &clientStride);
+                mGralloc->allocate(mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, clientLayer->mLayerCount,
+                                   clientFormat, clientUsage, /*import*/ true, &clientStride);
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, clientBufferHandle);
 
-        void* clientBufData =
-                mGralloc->lock(clientBufferHandle, clientUsage, layer->mAccessRegion, -1);
+        void* clientBufData = mGralloc->lock(clientBufferHandle, clientUsage,
+                                             {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, -1);
 
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(fillBuffer(layer->mWidth, layer->mHeight, clientStride,
-                                           clientBufData, clientFormat, expectedColors));
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> clientColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(clientColors, mDisplayWidth, clientFrame, RED);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight,
+                                                           clientStride, clientBufData,
+                                                           clientFormat, clientColors));
         int clientFence = mGralloc->unlock(clientBufferHandle);
         if (clientFence != -1) {
             sync_wait(clientFence, -1);
             close(clientFence);
         }
 
-        IComposerClient::Rect damage{0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight};
-        mWriter->setClientTarget(0, clientBufferHandle, clientFence, Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
-                                 std::vector<IComposerClient::Rect>(1, damage));
-
-        layer->setToClientComposition(mWriter);
+        mWriter->setClientTarget(0, clientBufferHandle, clientFence, clientDataspace,
+                                 std::vector<IComposerClient::Rect>(1, clientFrame));
+        clientLayer->setToClientComposition(mWriter);
         mWriter->validateDisplay();
         execute();
         ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
     }
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
-}
-
-TEST_F(GraphicsComposerReadbackTest, DeviceAndClientComposition) {
-    if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
-                  << std::endl;
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
-        return;
-    }
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-        mComposerClient->setClientTargetSlotCount(mPrimaryDisplay, kClientTargetSlotCount));
-
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2}, GREEN);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
-                   {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, RED);
-
-    ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
-                                  mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
-
-    auto deviceLayer =
-        std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(mComposerClient, mGralloc, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth,
-                                          mDisplayHeight / 2, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> deviceColors(deviceLayer->mWidth * deviceLayer->mHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(deviceColors, deviceLayer->mWidth,
-                   {0, 0, static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->mWidth),
-                    static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->mHeight)},
-                   GREEN);
-    deviceLayer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->mWidth),
-                                  static_cast<int32_t>(deviceLayer->mHeight)});
-    deviceLayer->setZOrder(10);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(deviceLayer->setBuffer(deviceColors));
-    deviceLayer->write(mWriter);
-
-    auto clientLayer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(
-        mComposerClient, mGralloc, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2,
-        PixelFormat::RGBA_8888, IComposerClient::Composition::CLIENT);
-    IComposerClient::Rect clientFrame = {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight};
-    clientLayer->setDisplayFrame(clientFrame);
-    clientLayer->setZOrder(0);
-    clientLayer->write(mWriter);
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    uint64_t clientUsage =
-            static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN |
-                                  BufferUsage::COMPOSER_CLIENT_TARGET);
-    uint32_t clientStride;
-    const native_handle_t* clientBufferHandle =
-            mGralloc->allocate(mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, 1, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
-                               clientUsage, /*import*/ true, &clientStride);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, clientBufferHandle);
-
-    AccessRegion clientAccessRegion;
-    clientAccessRegion.left = 0;
-    clientAccessRegion.top = 0;
-    clientAccessRegion.width = mDisplayWidth;
-    clientAccessRegion.height = mDisplayHeight;
-    void* clientData = mGralloc->lock(clientBufferHandle, clientUsage, clientAccessRegion, -1);
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> clientColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(clientColors, mDisplayWidth, clientFrame, RED);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(fillBuffer(mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, clientStride, clientData,
-                                       PixelFormat::RGBA_8888, clientColors));
-    int clientFence = mGralloc->unlock(clientBufferHandle);
-    if (clientFence != -1) {
-        sync_wait(clientFence, -1);
-        close(clientFence);
-    }
-
-    mWriter->setClientTarget(0, clientBufferHandle, clientFence, Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
-                             std::vector<IComposerClient::Rect>(1, clientFrame));
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-    if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
-        clearCommandReaderState();
-        GTEST_SUCCEED();
-        return;
-    }
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GraphicsComposerReadbackTest, SetLayerDamage) {
-    if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        std::cout << "---Testing Color Mode " << ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(mode) << "---"
                   << std::endl;
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelformat/dataspace";
-        return;
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
+        IComposerClient::Rect redRect = {0, 0, mDisplayWidth / 4, mDisplayHeight / 4};
+
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(mComposerClient, mGralloc, mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                       mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight,
+                                                       PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->setBuffer(expectedColors));
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+
+        // update surface damage and recheck
+        redRect = {mDisplayWidth / 4, mDisplayHeight / 4, mDisplayWidth / 2, mDisplayHeight / 2};
+        ReadbackHelper::clearColors(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mDisplayWidth);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->fillBuffer(expectedColors));
+        layer->setSurfaceDamage(std::vector<IComposerClient::Rect>(
+                1, {0, 0, mDisplayWidth / 2, mDisplayWidth / 2}));
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
     }
-
-    IComposerClient::Rect redRect = {0, 0, mDisplayWidth / 4, mDisplayHeight / 4};
-
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
-
-    auto layer =
-        std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(mComposerClient, mGralloc, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth,
-                                          mDisplayHeight, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
-    layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
-    layer->setZOrder(10);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->setBuffer(expectedColors));
-
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
-
-    ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
-                                  mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
-
-    writeLayers(layers);
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-    if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
-        clearCommandReaderState();
-        GTEST_SUCCEED();
-        return;
-    }
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
-
-    // update surface damage and recheck
-    redRect = {mDisplayWidth / 4, mDisplayHeight / 4, mDisplayWidth / 2, mDisplayHeight / 2};
-    clearColors(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->fillBuffer(expectedColors));
-    layer->setSurfaceDamage(
-        std::vector<IComposerClient::Rect>(1, {0, 0, mDisplayWidth / 2, mDisplayWidth / 2}));
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
-
-    writeLayers(layers);
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GraphicsComposerReadbackTest, SetLayerPlaneAlpha) {
-    if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        std::cout << "---Testing Color Mode " << ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(mode) << "---"
                   << std::endl;
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
-        return;
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        layer->setColor(RED);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+        layer->setAlpha(0);
+        layer->setBlendMode(IComposerClient::BlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED);
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
     }
-
-    auto layer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
-    layer->setColor(RED);
-    layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
-    layer->setZOrder(10);
-    layer->setAlpha(0);
-    layer->setBlendMode(IComposerClient::BlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED);
-
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
-
-    ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
-                                  mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
-
-    writeLayers(layers);
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-    if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
-        clearCommandReaderState();
-        GTEST_SUCCEED();
-        return;
-    }
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GraphicsComposerReadbackTest, SetLayerSourceCrop) {
-    if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        std::cout << "---Testing Color Mode " << ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(mode) << "---"
                   << std::endl;
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
-        return;
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 4}, RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight},
+                                       BLUE);
+
+        auto layer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(mComposerClient, mGralloc, mPrimaryDisplay,
+                                                       mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight,
+                                                       PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+        layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
+        layer->setZOrder(10);
+        layer->setSourceCrop({0, static_cast<float>(mDisplayHeight / 2),
+                              static_cast<float>(mDisplayWidth),
+                              static_cast<float>(mDisplayHeight)});
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->setBuffer(expectedColors));
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
+
+        // update expected colors to match crop
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, BLUE);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
     }
-
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 4}, RED);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
-                   {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, BLUE);
-
-    auto layer =
-        std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(mComposerClient, mGralloc, mPrimaryDisplay, mDisplayWidth,
-                                          mDisplayHeight, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
-    layer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
-    layer->setZOrder(10);
-    layer->setSourceCrop({0, static_cast<float>(mDisplayHeight / 2),
-                          static_cast<float>(mDisplayWidth), static_cast<float>(mDisplayHeight)});
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(layer->setBuffer(expectedColors));
-
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
-
-    // update expected colors to match crop
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, BLUE);
-    ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
-                                  mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
-    writeLayers(layers);
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-    if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
-        clearCommandReaderState();
-        GTEST_SUCCEED();
-        return;
-    }
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
 }
 
 TEST_F(GraphicsComposerReadbackTest, SetLayerZOrder) {
-    if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
+    for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
+        std::cout << "---Testing Color Mode " << ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(mode) << "---"
                   << std::endl;
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
-        return;
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
+
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
+        if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+            std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
+            GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
+            return;
+        }
+
+        IComposerClient::Rect redRect = {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2};
+        IComposerClient::Rect blueRect = {0, mDisplayHeight / 4, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight};
+        auto redLayer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        redLayer->setColor(RED);
+        redLayer->setDisplayFrame(redRect);
+
+        auto blueLayer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
+        blueLayer->setColor(BLUE);
+        blueLayer->setDisplayFrame(blueRect);
+        blueLayer->setZOrder(5);
+
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {redLayer, blueLayer};
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
+
+        // red in front of blue
+        redLayer->setZOrder(10);
+
+        // fill blue first so that red will overwrite on overlap
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, blueRect, BLUE);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
+
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
+            clearCommandReaderState();
+            GTEST_SUCCEED();
+            return;
+        }
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
+
+        redLayer->setZOrder(1);
+        ReadbackHelper::clearColors(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mDisplayWidth);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, blueRect, BLUE);
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
+
+        writeLayers(layers);
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->validateDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        mWriter->presentDisplay();
+        execute();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
     }
-
-    IComposerClient::Rect redRect = {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight / 2};
-    IComposerClient::Rect blueRect = {0, mDisplayHeight / 4, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight};
-    auto redLayer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
-    redLayer->setColor(RED);
-    redLayer->setDisplayFrame(redRect);
-
-    auto blueLayer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
-    blueLayer->setColor(BLUE);
-    blueLayer->setDisplayFrame(blueRect);
-    blueLayer->setZOrder(5);
-
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {redLayer, blueLayer};
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-
-    // red in front of blue
-    redLayer->setZOrder(10);
-
-    // fill blue first so that red will overwrite on overlap
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, blueRect, BLUE);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
-
-    ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
-                                  mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
-
-    writeLayers(layers);
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-    if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
-        clearCommandReaderState();
-        GTEST_SUCCEED();
-        return;
-    }
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
-
-    redLayer->setZOrder(1);
-    clearColors(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, blueRect, BLUE);
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
-
-    writeLayers(layers);
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.checkReadbackBuffer(expectedColors));
 }
 
 class GraphicsComposerBlendModeReadbackTest : public GraphicsComposerReadbackTest,
@@ -1029,8 +907,8 @@
     void setUpLayers(IComposerClient::BlendMode blendMode) {
         mLayers.clear();
         std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> topLayerPixelColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-        fillColorsArea(topLayerPixelColors, mDisplayWidth, {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight},
-                       mTopLayerColor);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(topLayerPixelColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                       {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, mTopLayerColor);
 
         auto backgroundLayer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
         backgroundLayer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
@@ -1053,7 +931,7 @@
 
     void setExpectedColors(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors) {
         ASSERT_EQ(2, mLayers.size());
-        clearColors(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight);
+        ReadbackHelper::clearColors(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mDisplayWidth);
 
         auto layer = mLayers[1];
         IComposerClient::BlendMode blendMode = layer->mBlendMode;
@@ -1093,13 +971,12 @@
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerBlendModeReadbackTest, None) {
     if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
-                  << std::endl;
         GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
         return;
     }
 
+    mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
     std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
 
     setBackgroundColor(BLACK);
@@ -1131,13 +1008,12 @@
 // alpha of .2, expected 10.2
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerBlendModeReadbackTest, DISABLED_Coverage) {
     if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
-                  << std::endl;
         GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
         return;
     }
 
+    mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
     std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
 
     setBackgroundColor(BLACK);
@@ -1167,13 +1043,12 @@
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerBlendModeReadbackTest, Premultiplied) {
     if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
-                  << std::endl;
         GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
         return;
     }
 
+    mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
     std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
 
     setBackgroundColor(BLACK);
@@ -1208,6 +1083,8 @@
     void SetUp() override {
         GraphicsComposerReadbackTest::SetUp();
 
+        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
+
         auto backgroundLayer = std::make_shared<TestColorLayer>(mComposerClient, mPrimaryDisplay);
         backgroundLayer->setColor({0, 0, 0, 0});
         backgroundLayer->setDisplayFrame({0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight});
@@ -1225,8 +1102,8 @@
         mLayer->setZOrder(10);
 
         std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> baseColors(mSideLength * mSideLength);
-        fillColorsArea(baseColors, mSideLength, redRect, RED);
-        fillColorsArea(baseColors, mSideLength, blueRect, BLUE);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(baseColors, mSideLength, redRect, RED);
+        ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(baseColors, mSideLength, blueRect, BLUE);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mLayer->setBuffer(baseColors));
 
         mLayers = {backgroundLayer, mLayer};
@@ -1241,9 +1118,6 @@
 
 TEST_F(GraphicsComposerTransformReadbackTest, FLIP_H) {
     if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
-                  << std::endl;
         GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
         return;
     }
@@ -1252,10 +1126,10 @@
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
     mLayer->setTransform(Transform::FLIP_H);
     std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
-                   {mSideLength / 2, 0, mSideLength, mSideLength / 2}, RED);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
-                   {0, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength}, BLUE);
+    ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                   {mSideLength / 2, 0, mSideLength, mSideLength / 2}, RED);
+    ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                   {0, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength}, BLUE);
 
     writeLayers(mLayers);
     ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
@@ -1276,9 +1150,6 @@
 
 TEST_F(GraphicsComposerTransformReadbackTest, FLIP_V) {
     if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
-                  << std::endl;
         GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
         return;
     }
@@ -1289,10 +1160,10 @@
     mLayer->setTransform(Transform::FLIP_V);
 
     std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
-                   {0, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength}, RED);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
-                   {mSideLength / 2, 0, mSideLength, mSideLength / 2}, BLUE);
+    ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                   {0, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength}, RED);
+    ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                   {mSideLength / 2, 0, mSideLength, mSideLength / 2}, BLUE);
 
     writeLayers(mLayers);
     ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
@@ -1312,9 +1183,6 @@
 
 TEST_F(GraphicsComposerTransformReadbackTest, ROT_180) {
     if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-        std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsuppported pixelFormat/dataspace or SRGB not a "
-                     "valid color mode"
-                  << std::endl;
         GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
         return;
     }
@@ -1325,9 +1193,11 @@
     mLayer->setTransform(Transform::ROT_180);
 
     std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
-                   {mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength, mSideLength}, RED);
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, {0, 0, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2}, BLUE);
+    ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                   {mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength, mSideLength},
+                                   RED);
+    ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
+                                   {0, 0, mSideLength / 2, mSideLength / 2}, BLUE);
 
     writeLayers(mLayers);
     ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/OWNERS b/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/OWNERS
index b3ea6be..cc6d937 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/OWNERS
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/OWNERS
@@ -2,7 +2,3 @@
 lpy@google.com
 stoza@google.com
 vhau@google.com
-
-# VTS team
-yim@google.com
-zhuoyao@google.com
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/command-buffer/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/command-buffer/Android.bp
index c48fe7a..36ac297 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/command-buffer/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/command-buffer/Android.bp
@@ -3,12 +3,15 @@
     defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
     vendor_available: true,
     shared_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
-        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3",
+    ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3",
     ],
     header_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-command-buffer",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2-command-buffer",
+    ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2-command-buffer",
     ],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/vts/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/vts/Android.bp
index 2fe6cd6..f65a9c4 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/vts/Android.bp
@@ -21,22 +21,17 @@
         "ComposerVts.cpp",
     ],
     static_libs: [
-        "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase",
-        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
-        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-vts",
-        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2",
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2-vts",
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3",
-	"android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
-	"android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-vts",
-	"android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1",
-	"android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1-vts",
-	"android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
-	"android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0-vts",
+    ],
+    export_static_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2-vts",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3",
     ],
     header_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-command-buffer",
-        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2-command-buffer",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-command-buffer",
+    ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
         "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-command-buffer",
     ],
     cflags: [
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.4/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0e1bc09
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
+
+hidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4",
+    root: "android.hardware",
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
+    srcs: [
+        "IComposer.hal",
+        "IComposerClient.hal",
+    ],
+    interfaces: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3",
+        "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+    ],
+    gen_java: false,
+}
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposer.hal b/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposer.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34801da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposer.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4;
+
+import IComposerClient;
+
+import @2.1::Error;
+import @2.3::IComposer;
+
+interface IComposer extends @2.3::IComposer {
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a v2.4 client of the composer. Supersedes @2.3::createClient.
+     *
+     * @return error is NONE upon success. Otherwise,
+     *         NO_RESOURCES when the client could not be created.
+     * @return client is the newly created client.
+     */
+    createClient_2_4() generates (Error error, IComposerClient client);
+};
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposerClient.hal b/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposerClient.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8fe0976
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposerClient.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4;
+
+import @2.1::Display;
+import @2.1::Error;
+import @2.3::IComposerClient;
+
+interface IComposerClient extends @2.3::IComposerClient {
+
+    /**
+     * Required capabilities which are supported by the display. The
+     * particular set of supported capabilities for a given display may be
+     * retrieved using getDisplayCapabilities.
+     */
+    enum DisplayCapability : uint32_t {
+        /**
+         * Indicates that the display supports protected contents.
+         * When returned, hardware composer must be able to accept client target
+         * with protected buffers.
+         */
+        PROTECTED_CONTENTS = 4,
+    };
+
+    /**
+     * Provides a list of supported capabilities (as described in the
+     * definition of DisplayCapability above). This list must not change after
+     * initialization.
+     *
+     * @return error is NONE upon success. Otherwise,
+     *     BAD_DISPLAY when an invalid display handle was passed in.
+     * @return capabilities is a list of supported capabilities.
+     */
+    getDisplayCapabilities_2_4(Display display)
+              generates (Error error,
+                         vec<DisplayCapability> capabilities);
+};
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/default/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.4/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1bf51e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-service",
+    defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
+    vendor: true,
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    srcs: ["service.cpp"],
+    init_rc: ["android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-service.rc"],
+    header_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-passthrough",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
+        "libbase",
+        "libbinder",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libfmq",
+        "libhardware",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "libhidltransport",
+        "libhwc2on1adapter",
+        "libhwc2onfbadapter",
+        "liblog",
+        "libsync",
+        "libutils",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/default/OWNERS b/graphics/composer/2.4/default/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc6d937
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/default/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Graphics team
+lpy@google.com
+stoza@google.com
+vhau@google.com
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/default/android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-service.rc b/graphics/composer/2.4/default/android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-service.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a296b0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/default/android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-service.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+service vendor.hwcomposer-2-4 /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-service
+    class hal animation
+    user system
+    group graphics drmrpc
+    capabilities SYS_NICE
+    onrestart restart surfaceflinger
+    writepid /dev/cpuset/system-background/tasks
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/default/service.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.4/default/service.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98dac3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/default/service.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <sched.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposer.h>
+#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
+#include <composer-passthrough/2.4/HwcLoader.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
+
+using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_4::IComposer;
+using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_4::passthrough::HwcLoader;
+
+int main() {
+    // the conventional HAL might start binder services
+    android::ProcessState::initWithDriver("/dev/vndbinder");
+    android::ProcessState::self()->setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(4);
+    android::ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool();
+
+    // same as SF main thread
+    struct sched_param param = {0};
+    param.sched_priority = 2;
+    if (sched_setscheduler(0, SCHED_FIFO | SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK, &param) != 0) {
+        ALOGE("Couldn't set SCHED_FIFO: %d", errno);
+    }
+
+    android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool(4, true /* will join */);
+
+    android::sp<IComposer> composer = HwcLoader::load();
+    if (composer == nullptr) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+    if (composer->registerAsService() != android::NO_ERROR) {
+        ALOGE("failed to register service");
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    android::hardware::joinRpcThreadpool();
+
+    ALOGE("service is terminating");
+    return 1;
+}
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/OWNERS b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc6d937
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Graphics team
+lpy@google.com
+stoza@google.com
+vhau@google.com
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/command-buffer/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/command-buffer/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8acf0e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/command-buffer/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+cc_library_headers {
+    name: "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-command-buffer",
+    defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
+    vendor_available: true,
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4",
+    ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4",
+    ],
+    header_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-command-buffer",
+    ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-command-buffer",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+}
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/command-buffer/include/composer-command-buffer/2.4/ComposerCommandBuffer.h b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/command-buffer/include/composer-command-buffer/2.4/ComposerCommandBuffer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b64c16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/command-buffer/include/composer-command-buffer/2.4/ComposerCommandBuffer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#ifndef LOG_TAG
+#warn "ComposerCommandBuffer.h included without LOG_TAG"
+#endif
+
+#undef LOG_NDEBUG
+#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
+
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposer.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposerClient.h>
+#include <composer-command-buffer/2.3/ComposerCommandBuffer.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_4 {
+
+using android::hardware::MessageQueue;
+using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_1::Error;
+using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_4::IComposerClient;
+
+// This class helps build a command queue.  Note that all sizes/lengths are in
+// units of uint32_t's.
+class CommandWriterBase : public V2_3::CommandWriterBase {
+  public:
+    CommandWriterBase(uint32_t initialMaxSize) : V2_3::CommandWriterBase(initialMaxSize) {}
+};
+
+// This class helps parse a command queue.  Note that all sizes/lengths are in
+// units of uint32_t's.
+class CommandReaderBase : public V2_3::CommandReaderBase {
+  public:
+    CommandReaderBase() : V2_3::CommandReaderBase(){};
+};
+
+}  // namespace V2_4
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/hal/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/hal/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ee4e19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/hal/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_library_headers {
+    name: "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-hal",
+    defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
+    vendor_available: true,
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4",
+    ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4",
+    ],
+    header_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-hal",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-command-buffer",
+    ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-hal",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-command-buffer",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+}
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.4/Composer.h b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.4/Composer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..129bae6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.4/Composer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#ifndef LOG_TAG
+#warning "Composer.h included without LOG_TAG"
+#endif
+
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposer.h>
+#include <composer-hal/2.3/Composer.h>
+#include <composer-hal/2.4/ComposerClient.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_4 {
+namespace hal {
+
+namespace detail {
+
+// ComposerImpl implements V2_*::IComposer on top of V2_*::ComposerHal
+template <typename Interface, typename Hal>
+class ComposerImpl : public V2_3::hal::detail::ComposerImpl<Interface, Hal> {
+  public:
+    static std::unique_ptr<ComposerImpl> create(std::unique_ptr<Hal> hal) {
+        return std::make_unique<ComposerImpl>(std::move(hal));
+    }
+
+    explicit ComposerImpl(std::unique_ptr<Hal> hal) : BaseType2_3(std::move(hal)) {}
+
+    // IComposer 2.4 interface
+
+    Return<void> createClient_2_4(IComposer::createClient_2_4_cb hidl_cb) override {
+        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mClientMutex);
+        if (!waitForClientDestroyedLocked(lock)) {
+            hidl_cb(Error::NO_RESOURCES, nullptr);
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        sp<ComposerClient> client = ComposerClient::create(mHal.get()).release();
+        if (!client) {
+            hidl_cb(Error::NO_RESOURCES, nullptr);
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        auto clientDestroyed = [this]() { onClientDestroyed(); };
+        client->setOnClientDestroyed(clientDestroyed);
+
+        mClient = client;
+        hidl_cb(Error::NONE, client);
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+  private:
+    using BaseType2_3 = V2_3::hal::detail::ComposerImpl<Interface, Hal>;
+    using BaseType2_1 = V2_1::hal::detail::ComposerImpl<Interface, Hal>;
+
+    using BaseType2_1::mClient;
+    using BaseType2_1::mClientMutex;
+    using BaseType2_1::mHal;
+    using BaseType2_1::onClientDestroyed;
+    using BaseType2_1::waitForClientDestroyedLocked;
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+using Composer = detail::ComposerImpl<IComposer, ComposerHal>;
+
+}  // namespace hal
+}  // namespace V2_4
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.4/ComposerClient.h b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.4/ComposerClient.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7110c80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.4/ComposerClient.h
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#ifndef LOG_TAG
+#warning "ComposerClient.h included without LOG_TAG"
+#endif
+
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposerClient.h>
+#include <composer-hal/2.4/ComposerHal.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_4 {
+namespace hal {
+
+namespace detail {
+
+// ComposerClientImpl implements V2_*::IComposerClient on top of V2_*::ComposerHal
+template <typename Interface, typename Hal>
+class ComposerClientImpl : public V2_3::hal::detail::ComposerClientImpl<Interface, Hal> {
+  public:
+    ComposerClientImpl(Hal* hal) : BaseType2_3(hal) {}
+
+    Return<void> getDisplayCapabilities_2_4(
+            Display display, IComposerClient::getDisplayCapabilities_2_4_cb hidl_cb) override {
+        std::vector<IComposerClient::DisplayCapability> capabilities;
+        Error error = mHal->getDisplayCapabilities_2_4(display, &capabilities);
+        hidl_cb(error, capabilities);
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    static std::unique_ptr<ComposerClientImpl> create(Hal* hal) {
+        auto client = std::make_unique<ComposerClientImpl>(hal);
+        return client->init() ? std::move(client) : nullptr;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    using BaseType2_3 = V2_3::hal::detail::ComposerClientImpl<Interface, Hal>;
+    using BaseType2_1 = V2_1::hal::detail::ComposerClientImpl<Interface, Hal>;
+    using BaseType2_1::mHal;
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+using ComposerClient = detail::ComposerClientImpl<IComposerClient, ComposerHal>;
+
+}  // namespace hal
+}  // namespace V2_4
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.4/ComposerHal.h b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.4/ComposerHal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0074808
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/hal/include/composer-hal/2.4/ComposerHal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <composer-hal/2.3/ComposerHal.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_4 {
+namespace hal {
+
+using common::V1_1::RenderIntent;
+using common::V1_2::ColorMode;
+using common::V1_2::Dataspace;
+using common::V1_2::Hdr;
+using common::V1_2::PixelFormat;
+using V2_1::Display;
+using V2_1::Error;
+using V2_1::Layer;
+
+class ComposerHal : public V2_3::hal::ComposerHal {
+  public:
+    virtual Error getDisplayCapabilities_2_4(
+            Display display, std::vector<IComposerClient::DisplayCapability>* outCapabilities) = 0;
+};
+
+}  // namespace hal
+}  // namespace V2_4
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/passthrough/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/passthrough/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43d9aaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/passthrough/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_library_headers {
+    name: "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-passthrough",
+    defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
+    vendor: true,
+    header_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-passthrough",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-hal",
+    ],
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-passthrough",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-hal",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+}
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/passthrough/include/composer-passthrough/2.4/HwcHal.h b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/passthrough/include/composer-passthrough/2.4/HwcHal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65d47d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/passthrough/include/composer-passthrough/2.4/HwcHal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#ifndef LOG_TAG
+#warning "HwcHal.h included without LOG_TAG"
+#endif
+
+#include <type_traits>
+
+#include <composer-hal/2.4/ComposerHal.h>
+#include <composer-passthrough/2.3/HwcHal.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_4 {
+namespace passthrough {
+
+namespace detail {
+
+using common::V1_1::RenderIntent;
+using common::V1_2::ColorMode;
+using common::V1_2::Dataspace;
+using common::V1_2::Hdr;
+using common::V1_2::PixelFormat;
+using V2_1::Display;
+using V2_1::Error;
+
+// HwcHalImpl implements V2_*::hal::ComposerHal on top of hwcomposer2
+template <typename Hal>
+class HwcHalImpl : public V2_3::passthrough::detail::HwcHalImpl<Hal> {
+  public:
+    Error getDisplayCapabilities_2_4(
+            Display display,
+            std::vector<IComposerClient::DisplayCapability>* outCapabilities) override {
+        std::vector<V2_3::IComposerClient::DisplayCapability> capabilities;
+        Error error = BaseType2_3::getDisplayCapabilities(display, &capabilities);
+        if (error != Error::NONE) {
+            return error;
+        }
+        outCapabilities->clear();
+        outCapabilities->reserve(capabilities.size());
+        for (auto capability : capabilities) {
+            outCapabilities->push_back(static_cast<IComposerClient::DisplayCapability>(capability));
+        }
+        return Error::NONE;
+    }
+
+  protected:
+    bool initDispatch() override {
+        if (!BaseType2_3::initDispatch()) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    using BaseType2_1 = V2_1::passthrough::detail::HwcHalImpl<Hal>;
+    using BaseType2_3 = V2_3::passthrough::detail::HwcHalImpl<Hal>;
+    using BaseType2_1::mDevice;
+};
+
+}  // namespace detail
+
+using HwcHal = detail::HwcHalImpl<hal::ComposerHal>;
+
+}  // namespace passthrough
+}  // namespace V2_4
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/passthrough/include/composer-passthrough/2.4/HwcLoader.h b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/passthrough/include/composer-passthrough/2.4/HwcLoader.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7cc588
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/passthrough/include/composer-passthrough/2.4/HwcLoader.h
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#ifndef LOG_TAG
+#warning "HwcLoader.h included without LOG_TAG"
+#endif
+
+#include <composer-hal/2.4/Composer.h>
+#include <composer-hal/2.4/ComposerHal.h>
+#include <composer-passthrough/2.3/HwcLoader.h>
+#include <composer-passthrough/2.4/HwcHal.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_4 {
+namespace passthrough {
+
+class HwcLoader : public V2_3::passthrough::HwcLoader {
+  public:
+    static IComposer* load() {
+        const hw_module_t* module = loadModule();
+        if (!module) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+
+        auto hal = createHalWithAdapter(module);
+        if (!hal) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+
+        return createComposer(std::move(hal)).release();
+    }
+
+    // create a ComposerHal instance
+    static std::unique_ptr<hal::ComposerHal> createHal(const hw_module_t* module) {
+        auto hal = std::make_unique<HwcHal>();
+        return hal->initWithModule(module) ? std::move(hal) : nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // create a ComposerHal instance, insert an adapter if necessary
+    static std::unique_ptr<hal::ComposerHal> createHalWithAdapter(const hw_module_t* module) {
+        bool adapted;
+        hwc2_device_t* device = openDeviceWithAdapter(module, &adapted);
+        if (!device) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        auto hal = std::make_unique<HwcHal>();
+        return hal->initWithDevice(std::move(device), !adapted) ? std::move(hal) : nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // create an IComposer instance
+    static std::unique_ptr<IComposer> createComposer(std::unique_ptr<hal::ComposerHal> hal) {
+        return hal::Composer::create(std::move(hal));
+    }
+};
+
+}  // namespace passthrough
+}  // namespace V2_4
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/vts/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/vts/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b87a116
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/vts/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-vts",
+    defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "ComposerVts.cpp",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-vts",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4",
+    ],
+    header_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-command-buffer",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2-command-buffer",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-command-buffer",
+    ],
+    cflags: [
+        "-O0",
+        "-g",
+        "-DLOG_TAG=\"ComposerVts\"",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+}
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/vts/ComposerVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/vts/ComposerVts.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee4f3a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/vts/ComposerVts.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <composer-vts/2.4/ComposerVts.h>
+
+#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_4 {
+namespace vts {
+
+using V2_1::Error;
+
+Composer::Composer() : Composer(::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IComposer>()) {}
+
+Composer::Composer(const std::string& name)
+    : Composer(::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IComposer>(name)) {}
+
+Composer::Composer(const sp<IComposer>& composer)
+    : V2_3::vts::Composer(composer), mComposer(composer) {}
+
+std::unique_ptr<ComposerClient> Composer::createClient() {
+    std::unique_ptr<ComposerClient> client;
+    mComposer->createClient_2_4([&client](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpClient) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, tmpError) << "failed to create client";
+        client = std::make_unique<ComposerClient>(tmpClient);
+    });
+
+    return client;
+}
+
+sp<IComposerClient> ComposerClient::getRaw() const {
+    return mClient;
+}
+
+Error ComposerClient::getDisplayCapabilities(
+        Display display, std::vector<IComposerClient::DisplayCapability>* outCapabilities) {
+    std::vector<IComposerClient::DisplayCapability> capabilities;
+    Error error = Error::NONE;
+    mClient->getDisplayCapabilities_2_4(display,
+                                        [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpCapabilities) {
+                                            error = tmpError;
+                                            *outCapabilities = tmpCapabilities;
+                                        });
+    return error;
+}
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V2_4
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.4/ComposerVts.h b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.4/ComposerVts.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a301c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.4/ComposerVts.h
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposer.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/composer/2.4/IComposerClient.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.3/ComposerVts.h>
+#include <utils/StrongPointer.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_4 {
+namespace vts {
+
+using common::V1_1::RenderIntent;
+using common::V1_2::ColorMode;
+using common::V1_2::Dataspace;
+using common::V1_2::Hdr;
+using common::V1_2::PixelFormat;
+using V2_1::Display;
+using V2_1::Error;
+using V2_4::IComposer;
+using V2_4::IComposerClient;
+
+class ComposerClient;
+
+// A wrapper to IComposer.
+class Composer : public V2_3::vts::Composer {
+  public:
+    Composer();
+    explicit Composer(const std::string& name);
+
+    std::unique_ptr<ComposerClient> createClient();
+
+  protected:
+    explicit Composer(const sp<IComposer>& composer);
+
+  private:
+    const sp<IComposer> mComposer;
+};
+
+// A wrapper to IComposerClient.
+class ComposerClient : public V2_3::vts::ComposerClient {
+  public:
+    explicit ComposerClient(const sp<IComposerClient>& client)
+        : V2_3::vts::ComposerClient(client), mClient(client) {}
+
+    sp<IComposerClient> getRaw() const;
+
+    Error getDisplayCapabilities(
+            Display display,
+            std::vector<IComposerClient::DisplayCapability>* outDisplayCapabilities);
+
+  private:
+    const sp<IComposerClient> mClient;
+};
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V2_4
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/2.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d437f24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_4TargetTest",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_4TargetTest.cpp"],
+
+    // TODO(b/64437680): Assume these libs are always available on the device.
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libfmq",
+        "libhidltransport",
+        "libsync",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-vts",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2-vts",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-vts",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-vts",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-vts",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1",
+    ],
+    header_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1-command-buffer",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.2-command-buffer",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.3-command-buffer",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.4-command-buffer",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/vts/functional/OWNERS b/graphics/composer/2.4/vts/functional/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3ea6be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/vts/functional/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Graphics team
+lpy@google.com
+stoza@google.com
+vhau@google.com
+
+# VTS team
+yim@google.com
+zhuoyao@google.com
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_4TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_4TargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fccc58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_4TargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "graphics_composer_hidl_hal_test@2.4"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+
+#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.0/IMapper.h>
+#include <composer-command-buffer/2.4/ComposerCommandBuffer.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.1/GraphicsComposerCallback.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.1/TestCommandReader.h>
+#include <composer-vts/2.4/ComposerVts.h>
+#include <mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace graphics {
+namespace composer {
+namespace V2_4 {
+namespace vts {
+namespace {
+
+using common::V1_0::BufferUsage;
+using common::V1_1::RenderIntent;
+using common::V1_2::ColorMode;
+using common::V1_2::Dataspace;
+using common::V1_2::PixelFormat;
+using mapper::V2_0::IMapper;
+using mapper::V2_0::vts::Gralloc;
+
+// Test environment for graphics.composer
+class GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
+  public:
+    // get the test environment singleton
+    static GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
+        static GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment* instance = new GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment;
+        return instance;
+    }
+
+    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IComposer>(); }
+
+  private:
+    GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment() {}
+
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment);
+};
+
+class GraphicsComposerHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+  protected:
+    void SetUp() override {
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                mComposer = std::make_unique<Composer>(
+                        GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IComposer>()));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient = mComposer->createClient());
+
+        mComposerCallback = new V2_1::vts::GraphicsComposerCallback;
+        mComposerClient->registerCallback(mComposerCallback);
+
+        // assume the first display is primary and is never removed
+        mPrimaryDisplay = waitForFirstDisplay();
+
+        mInvalidDisplayId = GetInvalidDisplayId();
+
+        // explicitly disable vsync
+        mComposerClient->setVsyncEnabled(mPrimaryDisplay, false);
+        mComposerCallback->setVsyncAllowed(false);
+
+        mWriter = std::make_unique<CommandWriterBase>(1024);
+        mReader = std::make_unique<V2_1::vts::TestCommandReader>();
+    }
+
+    void TearDown() override {
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mCompositionChanges.size());
+        if (mComposerCallback != nullptr) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(0, mComposerCallback->getInvalidHotplugCount());
+            EXPECT_EQ(0, mComposerCallback->getInvalidRefreshCount());
+            EXPECT_EQ(0, mComposerCallback->getInvalidVsyncCount());
+        }
+    }
+
+    // returns an invalid display id (one that has not been registered to a
+    // display.  Currently assuming that a device will never have close to
+    // std::numeric_limit<uint64_t>::max() displays registered while running tests
+    Display GetInvalidDisplayId() {
+        std::vector<Display> validDisplays = mComposerCallback->getDisplays();
+        uint64_t id = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max();
+        while (id > 0) {
+            if (std::find(validDisplays.begin(), validDisplays.end(), id) == validDisplays.end()) {
+                return id;
+            }
+            id--;
+        }
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    void execute() { mComposerClient->execute(mReader.get(), mWriter.get()); }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<Composer> mComposer;
+    std::unique_ptr<ComposerClient> mComposerClient;
+    sp<V2_1::vts::GraphicsComposerCallback> mComposerCallback;
+    // the first display and is assumed never to be removed
+    Display mPrimaryDisplay;
+    Display mInvalidDisplayId;
+    std::unique_ptr<CommandWriterBase> mWriter;
+    std::unique_ptr<V2_1::vts::TestCommandReader> mReader;
+
+  private:
+    Display waitForFirstDisplay() {
+        while (true) {
+            std::vector<Display> displays = mComposerCallback->getDisplays();
+            if (displays.empty()) {
+                usleep(5 * 1000);
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            return displays[0];
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+// Tests for IComposerClient::Command.
+class GraphicsComposerHidlCommandTest : public GraphicsComposerHidlTest {
+  protected:
+    void SetUp() override {
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(GraphicsComposerHidlTest::SetUp());
+
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>());
+
+        mWriter = std::make_unique<CommandWriterBase>(1024);
+        mReader = std::make_unique<V2_1::vts::TestCommandReader>();
+    }
+
+    void TearDown() override {
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(GraphicsComposerHidlTest::TearDown());
+    }
+
+    const native_handle_t* allocate() {
+        IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo info{};
+        info.width = 64;
+        info.height = 64;
+        info.layerCount = 1;
+        info.format = static_cast<common::V1_0::PixelFormat>(PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+        info.usage =
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN);
+
+        return mGralloc->allocate(info);
+    }
+
+    void execute() { mComposerClient->execute(mReader.get(), mWriter.get()); }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<CommandWriterBase> mWriter;
+    std::unique_ptr<V2_1::vts::TestCommandReader> mReader;
+
+  private:
+    std::unique_ptr<Gralloc> mGralloc;
+};
+
+TEST_F(GraphicsComposerHidlTest, getDisplayCapabilitiesBadDisplay) {
+    std::vector<IComposerClient::DisplayCapability> capabilities;
+    const auto error = mComposerClient->getDisplayCapabilities(mInvalidDisplayId, &capabilities);
+    EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_DISPLAY, error);
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V2_4
+}  // namespace composer
+}  // namespace graphics
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    using android::hardware::graphics::composer::V2_4::vts::GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment;
+    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment::Instance());
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    GraphicsComposerHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
+    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+    return status;
+}
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster.cpp
index 1eb9a68..f20f951 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/support/Keymaster.cpp
@@ -80,8 +80,7 @@
 }
 
 template <typename Wrapper>
-std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Keymaster>> enumerateDevices(
-    const sp<IServiceManager>& serviceManager) {
+Keymaster::KeymasterSet enumerateDevices(const sp<IServiceManager>& serviceManager) {
     Keymaster::KeymasterSet result;
 
     bool foundDefault = false;
@@ -92,7 +91,7 @@
             auto device = Wrapper::WrappedIKeymasterDevice::getService(name);
             CHECK(device) << "Failed to get service for " << descriptor << " with interface name "
                           << name;
-            result.push_back(std::unique_ptr<Keymaster>(new Wrapper(device, name)));
+            result.push_back(new Wrapper(device, name));
         }
     });
 
@@ -100,7 +99,7 @@
         // "default" wasn't provided by listManifestByInterface.  Maybe there's a passthrough
         // implementation.
         auto device = Wrapper::WrappedIKeymasterDevice::getService("default");
-        if (device) result.push_back(std::unique_ptr<Keymaster>(new Wrapper(device, "default")));
+        if (device) result.push_back(new Wrapper(device, "default"));
     }
 
     return result;
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster.h b/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster.h
index 43a34b0..ad83f17 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster.h
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/support/include/keymasterV4_0/Keymaster.h
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@
  * while still having to use only the latest interface.
  */
 class Keymaster : public IKeymasterDevice {
-   public:
-    using KeymasterSet = std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Keymaster>>;
+  public:
+    using KeymasterSet = std::vector<android::sp<Keymaster>>;
 
     Keymaster(const hidl_string& descriptor, const hidl_string& instanceName)
         : descriptor_(descriptor), instanceName_(instanceName) {}
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
      */
     static void performHmacKeyAgreement(const KeymasterSet& keymasters);
 
-   private:
+  private:
     hidl_string descriptor_;
     hidl_string instanceName_;
 };
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp
index 2b5723d..37afcf0 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp
@@ -14,130 +14,78 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#define LOG_TAG "Callbacks"
+
 #include "1.0/Callbacks.h"
+
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace neuralnetworks {
-namespace V1_0 {
-namespace implementation {
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_0::implementation {
 
-CallbackBase::CallbackBase() : mNotified(false) {}
-
-CallbackBase::~CallbackBase() {
-    // Note that we cannot call CallbackBase::join_thread from here:
-    // CallbackBase is intended to be reference counted, and it is possible that
-    // the reference count drops to zero in the bound thread, causing the
-    // bound thread to call this destructor. If a thread tries to join
-    // itself, it throws an exception, producing a message like the
-    // following:
-    //
-    //     terminating with uncaught exception of type std::__1::system_error:
-    //     thread::join failed: Resource deadlock would occur
-}
-
-void CallbackBase::wait() {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    mCondition.wait(lock, [this]{return mNotified;});
-    join_thread_locked();
-}
-
-bool CallbackBase::on_finish(std::function<bool(void)> post_work) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    if (mPostWork != nullptr) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "CallbackBase::on_finish -- a post-work function has already been bound to "
-                   "this callback object";
-        return false;
-    }
-    if (post_work == nullptr) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "CallbackBase::on_finish -- the new post-work function is invalid";
-        return false;
-    }
-    mPostWork = std::move(post_work);
-    return true;
-}
-
-bool CallbackBase::bind_thread(std::thread&& asyncThread) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    if (mThread.joinable()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "CallbackBase::bind_thread -- a thread has already been bound to this "
-                   "callback object";
-        return false;
-    }
-    if (!asyncThread.joinable()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "CallbackBase::bind_thread -- the new thread is not joinable";
-        return false;
-    }
-    mThread = std::move(asyncThread);
-    return true;
-}
-
-void CallbackBase::join_thread() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    join_thread_locked();
-}
-
-void CallbackBase::notify() {
-    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-        mNotified = true;
-        if (mPostWork != nullptr) {
-            bool success = mPostWork();
-            if (!success) {
-                LOG(ERROR) << "CallbackBase::notify -- post work failed";
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    mCondition.notify_all();
-}
-
-void CallbackBase::join_thread_locked() {
-    if (mThread.joinable()) {
-        mThread.join();
-    }
-}
-
-PreparedModelCallback::PreparedModelCallback() :
-        mErrorStatus(ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE), mPreparedModel(nullptr) {}
-
-PreparedModelCallback::~PreparedModelCallback() {}
+// PreparedModelCallback methods begin here
 
 Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notify(ErrorStatus errorStatus,
-                                           const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
-    mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
-    mPreparedModel = preparedModel;
-    CallbackBase::notify();
+                                           const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> hold(mMutex);
+
+        // quick-return if object has already been notified
+        if (mNotified) {
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        // store results and mark as notified
+        mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
+        mPreparedModel = preparedModel;
+        mNotified = true;
+    }
+
+    mCondition.notify_all();
     return Void();
 }
 
-ErrorStatus PreparedModelCallback::getStatus() {
+void PreparedModelCallback::wait() const {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+    mCondition.wait(lock, [this] { return mNotified; });
+}
+
+ErrorStatus PreparedModelCallback::getStatus() const {
     wait();
     return mErrorStatus;
 }
 
-sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> PreparedModelCallback::getPreparedModel() {
+sp<IPreparedModel> PreparedModelCallback::getPreparedModel() const {
     wait();
     return mPreparedModel;
 }
 
-ExecutionCallback::ExecutionCallback() : mErrorStatus(ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE) {}
-
-ExecutionCallback::~ExecutionCallback() {}
+// ExecutionCallback methods begin here
 
 Return<void> ExecutionCallback::notify(ErrorStatus errorStatus) {
-    mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
-    CallbackBase::notify();
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> hold(mMutex);
+
+        // quick-return if object has already been notified
+        if (mNotified) {
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
+        mNotified = true;
+    }
+    mCondition.notify_all();
+
     return Void();
 }
 
-ErrorStatus ExecutionCallback::getStatus() {
+void ExecutionCallback::wait() const {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+    mCondition.wait(lock, [this] { return mNotified; });
+}
+
+ErrorStatus ExecutionCallback::getStatus() const {
     wait();
     return mErrorStatus;
 }
 
-}  // namespace implementation
-}  // namespace V1_0
-}  // namespace neuralnetworks
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_0::implementation
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/include/1.0/Callbacks.h b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/include/1.0/Callbacks.h
index 36318ea..820bb10 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/include/1.0/Callbacks.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/include/1.0/Callbacks.h
@@ -17,310 +17,187 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_0_CALLBACKS_H
 #define ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_0_CALLBACKS_H
 
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.0/IExecutionCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.0/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
 #include <hidl/Status.h>
-#include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
-#include <functional>
 #include <mutex>
-#include <thread>
 
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace neuralnetworks {
-namespace V1_0 {
-namespace implementation {
-
-/**
- * The CallbackBase class is used internally by the NeuralNetworks runtime to
+/*
+ * The Callback classes are used internally by the NeuralNetworks runtime to
  * synchronize between different threads. An asynchronous task is launched
  * paired with a callback object. When a client thread requires the output being
  * generated by the asynchronous task, the client thread can wait for the result
- * and be blocked until it has completed or a timeout condition has been
- * reached. Any wait* may safely be called concurrently, even on the same
- * callback object. When the asynchronous task has finished its workload, it
- * must immediately call "notify". If the asynchronous task has failed to launch,
- * the function that tried to launch the asynchronous task must immediately call
- * "notify". This "notify" call awakens any client threads waiting on the
- * callback object.
+ * and be blocked until it has completed. Any wait may safely be called
+ * concurrently, even on the same callback object. When the asynchronous task
+ * has finished its workload, it must immediately call "notify". If the
+ * asynchronous task has failed to launch, the function that tried to launch the
+ * asynchronous task must immediately call "notify". This "notify" call
+ * awakens any client threads waiting on the callback object.
  *
- * The CallbackBase class implements some of the base synchronization common to
- * both PrepareModelCallback and ExecutionCallback. For consistency, any HIDL
- * callback class must inherit from CallbackBase as well as the HIDL callback
- * interface it implements.
- *
- * This class exists to enable synchronization across HIDL. When synchronization
- * is only required in the same process, consider using std::future, std::mutex,
- * std::condition_variable, or std::experimental::latch instead.
+ * These classes exist to enable synchronization across HIDL. When
+ * synchronization is only required in the same process, consider using
+ * std::future, std::mutex, std::condition_variable, or std::experimental::latch
+ * instead.
  */
-class CallbackBase {
-  public:
-    CallbackBase();
-    ~CallbackBase();
 
-    /**
-     * CallbackBase::wait blocks until notify has been called on the callback
-     * object.
-     */
-    void wait();
-
-    /**
-     * CallbackBase::wait_for blocks until notify has been called on the
-     * callback object or the time duration from the time the wait_for function
-     * was called has expired, whichever comes first.
-     *
-     * @return Status std::cv_status::no_timeout if the callback was notified
-     *                before the time duration expired, std::cv_status::timeout
-     *                otherwise.
-     */
-    template <class Rep, class Period>
-    std::cv_status wait_for(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& timeout_duration);
-
-    /**
-     * CallbackBase::on_finish binds a function to the callback object. This
-     * bound function will be executed when CallbackBase::notify is called,
-     * before any calls to wait* return. (Note that CallbackBase::wait_for can
-     * return std::cv_status::timeout before CallbackBase::notify is called for
-     * the first time, and hence before the bound function is executed.)
-     *
-     * The bound function must not synchronize with or otherwise access the
-     * callback object it is bound to, as this could cause a deadlock.
-     *
-     * CallbackBase::on_finish can be called at most once on a given callback
-     * object, and the call to CallbackBase::on_finish must finish before
-     * CallbackBase::notify is called.
-     *
-     * @param post_work Function to be invoked the first time
-     *                  CallbackBase::notify is called. Must have a target --
-     *                  i.e., must not compare equal to nullptr. post_work
-     *                  returns true if it successfully completes, false if it
-     *                  fails.
-     * @return bool True if the function was successfully bound, false if
-     *              unsuccessful.
-     *
-     * TODO: Why does the return value of the callback matter?
-     */
-    bool on_finish(std::function<bool(void)> post_work);
-
-    /**
-     * CallbackBase::bind_thread binds a thread to the event for later use by
-     * CallbackBase::join_thread.
-     *
-     * The thread must be passed using std::move.
-     *
-     * Once a thread is bound with CallbackBase::bind_thread, the client code
-     * should ensure that one of the following occurs before the event is
-     * destroyed:
-     * - CallbackBase::join_thread has been called.
-     * - CallbackBase::wait has been called.
-     * - CallbackBase::wait_for has been called and returned other than
-     *   std::cv_status::no_timeout.
-     *
-     * The bound thread shall not call any CallbackBase method with the
-     * exception of CallbackBase::notify, which it must call when the thread has
-     * finished its computation.
-     *
-     * CallbackBase::bind_thread can be called at most once on a given callback
-     * object.
-     *
-     * @param asyncThread Thread to be bound to the callback object. The thread
-     *                    object must represent a thread of execution -- i.e.,
-     *                    asyncThread.joinable() must be true.
-     * @return bool True if successful, false if thread was not properly bound.
-     */
-    bool bind_thread(std::thread&& asyncThread);
-
-    /**
-     * CallbackBase::join_thread ensures that the thread (if any) bound to this
-     * event with CallbackBase::bind_thread has fully finished and cleaned its
-     * resources. It is legal to call this function multiple times, concurrently
-     * or sequentially.
-     */
-    void join_thread();
-
-  protected:
-    /**
-     * CallbackBase::notify enables all prior and future wait* calls on the
-     * callback object to proceed. The call to CallbackBase::notify happens
-     * before any wait* calls on this callback object return (except in the case
-     * of wait_for timing out). The asynchronous call the callback object is
-     * paired with must ensure that any update to state that should be visible
-     * to the caller of wait* happens before the call to CallbackBase::notify.
-     *
-     * CallbackBase::notify must be called exactly once on a given callback
-     * object.
-     */
-    void notify();
-
-  private:
-    // Same as CallbackBase::join_thread but assumes we already hold a lock on
-    // mMutex.
-    void join_thread_locked();
-
-    bool mNotified;
-    std::mutex mMutex;
-    std::condition_variable mCondition;
-    std::function<bool(void)> mPostWork;
-    std::thread mThread;
-};
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_0::implementation {
 
 /**
  * The PreparedModelCallback class is used to receive the error status of
  * preparing a model as well as the prepared model from a task executing
- * asynchronously with respect to the runtime. If a calling thread calls wait*
+ * asynchronously with respect to the runtime. If a calling thread calls wait
  * or get* on a PreparedModelCallback object and the corresponding asynchronous
  * task has not finished preparing the model, the calling thread will block
- * until the asynchronous task has called notify. For more information on the
- * synchronization behavior, refer to the CallbackBase class.
+ * until the asynchronous task has called notify.
  *
- * This class inherits the basic blocking and signaling calls from
- * CallbackBase, and implements the HIDL notify call from
- * IPreparedModelCallback. This callback object is passed as an argument to
- * IDevice::prepareModel.
+ * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of the
+ * first call to notify are used, and the results from subsequent calls are
+ * discarded.
+ *
+ * This callback object is passed as an argument to IDevice::prepareModel*.
  */
-class PreparedModelCallback : public CallbackBase, public IPreparedModelCallback {
+class PreparedModelCallback : public IPreparedModelCallback {
   public:
-    PreparedModelCallback();
-    ~PreparedModelCallback() override;
-
     /**
      * IPreparedModelCallback::notify marks the callback object with the return
      * status of the asynchronous model preparation along with the prepared
-     * model and calls CallbackBase::notify, enabling all prior and future
-     * wait* calls on the PreparedModelCallback object to proceed.
-     * For more information on the synchronization behavior, refer to the
-     * CallbackBase class.
+     * model, and allows all prior and future wait calls on the
+     * PreparedModelCallback object to proceed.
      *
-     * IPreparedModelCallback::notify must be called exactly once on a given
+     * IPreparedModelCallback::notify must be called on a given
      * PreparedModelCallback object.
      *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
+     *
      * @param status Error status returned from asynchronously preparing the
-     *               model; will be:
-     *               - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
-     *               - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
-     *               - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
-     *               - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
+     *     model; will be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
      * @param preparedModel Returned model that has been prepared for execution,
-     *                      nullptr if the model was unable to be prepared.
+     *     nullptr if the model was unable to be prepared.
      */
-    Return<void> notify(ErrorStatus status, const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) override;
+    Return<void> notify(ErrorStatus status, const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) override;
+
+    /**
+     * PreparedModelCallback::wait blocks until notify has been called on the
+     * callback object.
+     */
+    void wait() const;
 
     /**
      * Retrieves the error status returned from the asynchronous task launched
-     * by IDevice::prepareModel. If IDevice::prepareModel has not finished
+     * by IDevice::prepareModel*. If IDevice::prepareModel* has not finished
      * asynchronously preparing the model, this call will block until the
      * asynchronous task notifies the object.
      *
      * @return status Error status returned from asynchronously preparing the
-     *                model; will be:
-     *                - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
-     *                - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
-     *                - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
-     *                - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
+     *     model; will be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
      */
-    ErrorStatus getStatus();
+    ErrorStatus getStatus() const;
 
     /**
      * Retrieves the model that has been prepared for execution from the
-     * asynchronous task launched by IDevice::prepareModel. If
-     * IDevice::prepareModel has not finished asynchronously preparing the
+     * asynchronous task launched by IDevice::prepareModel*. If
+     * IDevice::prepareModel* has not finished asynchronously preparing the
      * model, this call will block until the asynchronous task notifies the
      * object.
      *
      * @return preparedModel Returned model that has been prepared for
-     *                       execution, nullptr if the model was unable to be
-     *                       prepared.
+     *     execution, nullptr if the model was unable to be prepared.
      */
-    sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel();
+    sp<IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel() const;
 
   private:
-    ErrorStatus mErrorStatus;
-    sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> mPreparedModel;
+    mutable std::mutex mMutex;
+    mutable std::condition_variable mCondition;
+    bool mNotified GUARDED_BY(mMutex) = false;
+    ErrorStatus mErrorStatus = ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+    sp<IPreparedModel> mPreparedModel;
 };
 
 /**
- * The ExecutionCallback class is used to receive the error status of the
- * execution from a task executing asynchronously with respect to the runtime.
- * If a calling thread calls wait* or get* on a PreparedModelCallback object and
- * the corresponding asynchronous task has not finished the execution, the
- * calling thread will block until the asynchronous task has called notify.
- * For more information on the synchronization behavior, refer to the
- * CallbackBase class.
+ * The ExecutionCallback class is used to receive the results of the execution
+ * from a task executing asynchronously with respect to the runtime. If a
+ * calling thread calls wait or get* on a ExecutionCallback object and the
+ * corresponding asynchronous task has not finished the execution, the calling
+ * thread will block until the asynchronous task has called notify.
  *
- * This class inherits the basic blocking and signaling calls from
- * CallbackBase, and implements the HIDL notify call from IExecutionCallback.
- * This callback object is passed as an argument to IPreparedModel::execute.
+ * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of the
+ * first call to notify are used, and the results from subsequent calls are
+ * discarded.
+ *
+ * This callback object is passed as an argument to IPreparedModel::execute*.
  */
-class ExecutionCallback : public CallbackBase, public IExecutionCallback {
+class ExecutionCallback : public IExecutionCallback {
   public:
-    ExecutionCallback();
-    ~ExecutionCallback() override;
-
     /**
      * IExecutionCallback::notify marks the callback object with the return
-     * status of the asynchronous execution that held this callback and enable
-     * all prior and future wait* calls on the ExecutionCallback object to
-     * proceed. For more information on the synchronization behavior, refer to
-     * the CallbackBase class.
+     * status of the asynchronous execution that held this callback and enables
+     * all prior and future wait calls on the ExecutionCallback object to
+     * proceed.
      *
-     * IExecutionCallback::notify must be called exactly once on a given
-     * ExecutionCallback object.
+     * IExecutionCallback::notify must be called on a given ExecutionCallback
+     * object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
      *
      * @param status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
-     *               (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself
-     *               (if the launch succeeds). Must be:
-     *               - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
-     *               - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
-     *               - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
-     *               - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if provided output buffer is
-     *                 not large enough to store the resultant values
-     *               - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input request is invalid
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if provided output buffer is not large
+     *         enough to store the resultant values
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input request is invalid
      */
     Return<void> notify(ErrorStatus status) override;
 
     /**
+     * ExecutionCallback::wait blocks until notify has been called on the
+     * callback object.
+     */
+    void wait() const;
+
+    /**
      * Retrieves the error status returned from the asynchronous task launched
      * by IPreparedModel::execute. If IPreparedModel::execute has not finished
      * asynchronously executing, this call will block until the asynchronous
      * task notifies the object.
      *
      * @return status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
-     *                (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself
-     *                (if the launch succeeds). Must be:
-     *                - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
-     *                - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
-     *                - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an
-     *                  unspecified error
-     *                - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output
-     *                  operand buffer is not large enough to store the
-     *                  corresponding output
-     *                - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to
-     *                  prepareModel is invalid
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an unspecified
+     *         error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output operand buffer is
+     *         not large enough to store the corresponding output
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to prepareModel is
+     *         invalid
      */
-    ErrorStatus getStatus();
+    ErrorStatus getStatus() const;
 
   private:
+    mutable std::mutex mMutex;
+    mutable std::condition_variable mCondition;
+    bool mNotified GUARDED_BY(mMutex) = false;
     ErrorStatus mErrorStatus = ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
 };
 
-// template function implementation(s) below this point
-
-template <class Rep, class Period>
-std::cv_status CallbackBase::wait_for(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& timeout_duration) {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    std::cv_status status =
-            mCondition.wait_for(lock, timeout_duration, [this] { return mNotified; });
-    if (status != std::cv_status::timeout) {
-        join_thread_locked();
-    }
-    return status;
-}
-
-}  // namespace implementation
-}  // namespace V1_0
-}  // namespace neuralnetworks
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_0::implementation
 
 #endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_0_CALLBACKS_H
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
index b48646f..31b8532 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -56,9 +56,6 @@
         "GeneratedTestsV1_0.cpp",
         "ValidateBurst.cpp",
     ],
-    cflags: [
-        "-DNN_TEST_DYNAMIC_OUTPUT_SHAPE"
-    ],
 }
 
 // Tests for V1_1 models using the V1_2 HAL.
@@ -69,9 +66,6 @@
         "GeneratedTestsV1_1.cpp",
         "ValidateBurst.cpp",
     ],
-    cflags: [
-        "-DNN_TEST_DYNAMIC_OUTPUT_SHAPE"
-    ],
 }
 
 // Tests for V1_2 models.
@@ -84,9 +78,6 @@
         "GeneratedTestsV1_2.cpp",
         "ValidateBurst.cpp",
     ],
-    cflags: [
-        "-DNN_TEST_DYNAMIC_OUTPUT_SHAPE"
-    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -98,7 +89,6 @@
         "ValidateBurst.cpp",
     ],
     cflags: [
-        "-DNN_TEST_DYNAMIC_OUTPUT_SHAPE",
         "-DPRESUBMIT_NOT_VTS",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp
index cfaf91d..a607a08 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp
@@ -14,160 +14,128 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#define LOG_TAG "Callbacks"
+
 #include "1.2/Callbacks.h"
+
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace neuralnetworks {
-namespace V1_2 {
-namespace implementation {
+#include <limits>
 
-CallbackBase::CallbackBase() : mNotified(false) {}
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_2::implementation {
 
-CallbackBase::~CallbackBase() {
-    // Note that we cannot call CallbackBase::join_thread from here:
-    // CallbackBase is intended to be reference counted, and it is possible that
-    // the reference count drops to zero in the bound thread, causing the
-    // bound thread to call this destructor. If a thread tries to join
-    // itself, it throws an exception, producing a message like the
-    // following:
-    //
-    //     terminating with uncaught exception of type std::__1::system_error:
-    //     thread::join failed: Resource deadlock would occur
-}
+constexpr Timing kNoTiming = {.timeOnDevice = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(),
+                              .timeInDriver = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()};
 
-void CallbackBase::wait() {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    mCondition.wait(lock, [this] { return mNotified; });
-    join_thread_locked();
-}
-
-bool CallbackBase::on_finish(std::function<bool(void)> post_work) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    if (mPostWork != nullptr) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "CallbackBase::on_finish -- a post-work function has already been bound to "
-                      "this callback object";
-        return false;
-    }
-    if (post_work == nullptr) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "CallbackBase::on_finish -- the new post-work function is invalid";
-        return false;
-    }
-    mPostWork = std::move(post_work);
-    return true;
-}
-
-bool CallbackBase::bind_thread(std::thread&& asyncThread) {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    if (mThread.joinable()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "CallbackBase::bind_thread -- a thread has already been bound to this "
-                      "callback object";
-        return false;
-    }
-    if (!asyncThread.joinable()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "CallbackBase::bind_thread -- the new thread is not joinable";
-        return false;
-    }
-    mThread = std::move(asyncThread);
-    return true;
-}
-
-void CallbackBase::join_thread() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    join_thread_locked();
-}
-
-void CallbackBase::notify() {
-    {
-        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-        mNotified = true;
-        if (mPostWork != nullptr) {
-            bool success = mPostWork();
-            if (!success) {
-                LOG(ERROR) << "CallbackBase::notify -- post work failed";
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    mCondition.notify_all();
-}
-
-void CallbackBase::join_thread_locked() {
-    if (mThread.joinable()) {
-        mThread.join();
-    }
-}
-
-PreparedModelCallback::PreparedModelCallback()
-    : mErrorStatus(ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE), mPreparedModel(nullptr) {}
-
-PreparedModelCallback::~PreparedModelCallback() {}
+// PreparedModelCallback methods begin here
 
 Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notify(ErrorStatus errorStatus,
                                            const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
-    mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
-    mPreparedModel = preparedModel;
-    CallbackBase::notify();
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> hold(mMutex);
+
+        // quick-return if object has already been notified
+        if (mNotified) {
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        // store results and mark as notified
+        mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
+        mPreparedModel = preparedModel;
+        mNotified = true;
+    }
+
+    mCondition.notify_all();
     return Void();
 }
 
 Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2(ErrorStatus errorStatus,
                                                const sp<V1_2::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
-    mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
-    mPreparedModel = preparedModel;
-    CallbackBase::notify();
-    return Void();
+    return notify(errorStatus, preparedModel);
 }
 
-ErrorStatus PreparedModelCallback::getStatus() {
+void PreparedModelCallback::wait() const {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+    mCondition.wait(lock, [this] { return mNotified; });
+}
+
+ErrorStatus PreparedModelCallback::getStatus() const {
     wait();
     return mErrorStatus;
 }
 
-sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> PreparedModelCallback::getPreparedModel() {
+sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> PreparedModelCallback::getPreparedModel() const {
     wait();
     return mPreparedModel;
 }
 
-ExecutionCallback::ExecutionCallback() : mErrorStatus(ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE) {}
-
-ExecutionCallback::~ExecutionCallback() {}
+// ExecutionCallback methods begin here
 
 Return<void> ExecutionCallback::notify(ErrorStatus errorStatus) {
-    mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
-    mOutputShapes = {};
-    mTiming = {.timeOnDevice = UINT64_MAX, .timeInDriver = UINT64_MAX};
-    CallbackBase::notify();
+    notifyInternal(errorStatus, {}, kNoTiming);
     return Void();
 }
 
 Return<void> ExecutionCallback::notify_1_2(ErrorStatus errorStatus,
                                            const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes,
                                            const Timing& timing) {
-    mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
-    mOutputShapes = outputShapes;
-    mTiming = timing;
-    CallbackBase::notify();
+    if (errorStatus == ErrorStatus::OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE) {
+        // outputShapes must not be empty if OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+        if (outputShapes.size() == 0) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Notified with empty output shape vector when OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE";
+            notifyInternal(ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE, {}, kNoTiming);
+            return Void();
+        }
+    } else if (errorStatus != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+        // outputShapes must be empty if errorStatus is neither NONE nor OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+        if (outputShapes.size() != 0) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Notified with non-empty output shape vector when error status is "
+                          "neither NONE nor OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE";
+            notifyInternal(ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE, {}, kNoTiming);
+            return Void();
+        }
+    }
+    notifyInternal(errorStatus, outputShapes, timing);
     return Void();
 }
 
-ErrorStatus ExecutionCallback::getStatus() {
+void ExecutionCallback::wait() const {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+    mCondition.wait(lock, [this] { return mNotified; });
+}
+
+ErrorStatus ExecutionCallback::getStatus() const {
     wait();
     return mErrorStatus;
 }
 
-const std::vector<OutputShape>& ExecutionCallback::getOutputShapes() {
+const std::vector<OutputShape>& ExecutionCallback::getOutputShapes() const {
     wait();
     return mOutputShapes;
 }
 
-Timing ExecutionCallback::getTiming() {
+Timing ExecutionCallback::getTiming() const {
     wait();
     return mTiming;
 }
 
-}  // namespace implementation
-}  // namespace V1_2
-}  // namespace neuralnetworks
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
+void ExecutionCallback::notifyInternal(ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                       const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes,
+                                       const Timing& timing) {
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> hold(mMutex);
+
+        // quick-return if object has already been notified
+        if (mNotified) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
+        mOutputShapes = outputShapes;
+        mTiming = timing;
+        mNotified = true;
+    }
+    mCondition.notify_all();
+}
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_2::implementation
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp
index adbf224..ac92a5b 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <random>
+#include <thread>
 
 #include "1.2/Callbacks.h"
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
index 9e52c44..78bb194 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@
         case OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM:
             return {-1, 256};
         case OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM:
-          return {-129, -1, 1, 128};
+            return {-129, -1, 1, 128};
         case OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM:
             return {-1, 65536};
         case OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM:
@@ -489,15 +489,15 @@
                 }
             }
         }
-        // BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM and BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN can have
-        // either one or two outputs depending on their mergeOutputs parameter.
+        // BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM and BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN can have either one or two
+        // outputs depending on their mergeOutputs parameter.
         if (operation.type == OperationType::BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM ||
             operation.type == OperationType::BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN) {
-          for (const size_t outOprand : operation.outputs) {
-            if (operand == outOprand) {
-              return true;
+            for (const size_t outOprand : operation.outputs) {
+                if (operand == outOprand) {
+                    return true;
+                }
             }
-          }
         }
     }
     return false;
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/include/1.2/Callbacks.h b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/include/1.2/Callbacks.h
index 212a887..2992c0c 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/include/1.2/Callbacks.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/include/1.2/Callbacks.h
@@ -17,299 +17,218 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_2_CALLBACKS_H
 #define ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_2_CALLBACKS_H
 
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.0/IExecutionCallback.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.0/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/IExecutionCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
 #include <hidl/Status.h>
-#include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
-#include <functional>
 #include <mutex>
-#include <thread>
 
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace neuralnetworks {
-namespace V1_2 {
-namespace implementation {
+/*
+ * The Callback classes are used internally by the NeuralNetworks runtime to
+ * synchronize between different threads. An asynchronous task is launched
+ * paired with a callback object. When a client thread requires the output being
+ * generated by the asynchronous task, the client thread can wait for the result
+ * and be blocked until it has completed. Any wait may safely be called
+ * concurrently, even on the same callback object. When the asynchronous task
+ * has finished its workload, it must immediately call "notify*". If the
+ * asynchronous task has failed to launch, the function that tried to launch the
+ * asynchronous task must immediately call "notify*". This "notify*" call
+ * awakens any client threads waiting on the callback object.
+ *
+ * These classes exist to enable synchronization across HIDL. When
+ * synchronization is only required in the same process, consider using
+ * std::future, std::mutex, std::condition_variable, or std::experimental::latch
+ * instead.
+ */
+
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_2::implementation {
 
 using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
 
 /**
- * The CallbackBase class is used internally by the NeuralNetworks runtime to
- * synchronize between different threads. An asynchronous task is launched
- * paired with a callback object. When a client thread requires the output being
- * generated by the asynchronous task, the client thread can wait for the result
- * and be blocked until it has completed or a timeout condition has been
- * reached. Any wait* may safely be called concurrently, even on the same
- * callback object. When the asynchronous task has finished its workload, it
- * must immediately call "notify". If the asynchronous task has failed to launch,
- * the function that tried to launch the asynchronous task must immediately call
- * "notify". This "notify" call awakens any client threads waiting on the
- * callback object.
- *
- * The CallbackBase class implements some of the base synchronization common to
- * both PrepareModelCallback and ExecutionCallback. For consistency, any HIDL
- * callback class must inherit from CallbackBase as well as the HIDL callback
- * interface it implements.
- *
- * This class exists to enable synchronization across HIDL. When synchronization
- * is only required in the same process, consider using std::future, std::mutex,
- * std::condition_variable, or std::experimental::latch instead.
- */
-class CallbackBase {
-  public:
-    CallbackBase();
-    ~CallbackBase();
-
-    /**
-     * CallbackBase::wait blocks until notify has been called on the callback
-     * object.
-     */
-    void wait();
-
-    /**
-     * CallbackBase::wait_for blocks until notify has been called on the
-     * callback object or the time duration from the time the wait_for function
-     * was called has expired, whichever comes first.
-     *
-     * @return Status std::cv_status::no_timeout if the callback was notified
-     *                before the time duration expired, std::cv_status::timeout
-     *                otherwise.
-     */
-    template <class Rep, class Period>
-    std::cv_status wait_for(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& timeout_duration);
-
-    /**
-     * CallbackBase::on_finish binds a function to the callback object. This
-     * bound function will be executed when CallbackBase::notify is called,
-     * before any calls to wait* return. (Note that CallbackBase::wait_for can
-     * return std::cv_status::timeout before CallbackBase::notify is called for
-     * the first time, and hence before the bound function is executed.)
-     *
-     * The bound function must not synchronize with or otherwise access the
-     * callback object it is bound to, as this could cause a deadlock.
-     *
-     * CallbackBase::on_finish can be called at most once on a given callback
-     * object, and the call to CallbackBase::on_finish must finish before
-     * CallbackBase::notify is called.
-     *
-     * @param post_work Function to be invoked the first time
-     *                  CallbackBase::notify is called. Must have a target --
-     *                  i.e., must not compare equal to nullptr. post_work
-     *                  returns true if it successfully completes, false if it
-     *                  fails.
-     * @return bool True if the function was successfully bound, false if
-     *              unsuccessful.
-     *
-     * TODO: Why does the return value of the callback matter?
-     */
-    bool on_finish(std::function<bool(void)> post_work);
-
-    /**
-     * CallbackBase::bind_thread binds a thread to the event for later use by
-     * CallbackBase::join_thread.
-     *
-     * The thread must be passed using std::move.
-     *
-     * Once a thread is bound with CallbackBase::bind_thread, the client code
-     * should ensure that one of the following occurs before the event is
-     * destroyed:
-     * - CallbackBase::join_thread has been called.
-     * - CallbackBase::wait has been called.
-     * - CallbackBase::wait_for has been called and returned other than
-     *   std::cv_status::no_timeout.
-     *
-     * The bound thread shall not call any CallbackBase method with the
-     * exception of CallbackBase::notify, which it must call when the thread has
-     * finished its computation.
-     *
-     * CallbackBase::bind_thread can be called at most once on a given callback
-     * object.
-     *
-     * @param asyncThread Thread to be bound to the callback object. The thread
-     *                    object must represent a thread of execution -- i.e.,
-     *                    asyncThread.joinable() must be true.
-     * @return bool True if successful, false if thread was not properly bound.
-     */
-    bool bind_thread(std::thread&& asyncThread);
-
-    /**
-     * CallbackBase::join_thread ensures that the thread (if any) bound to this
-     * event with CallbackBase::bind_thread has fully finished and cleaned its
-     * resources. It is legal to call this function multiple times, concurrently
-     * or sequentially.
-     */
-    void join_thread();
-
-  protected:
-    /**
-     * CallbackBase::notify enables all prior and future wait* calls on the
-     * callback object to proceed. The call to CallbackBase::notify happens
-     * before any wait* calls on this callback object return (except in the case
-     * of wait_for timing out). The asynchronous call the callback object is
-     * paired with must ensure that any update to state that should be visible
-     * to the caller of wait* happens before the call to CallbackBase::notify.
-     *
-     * CallbackBase::notify must be called exactly once on a given callback
-     * object.
-     */
-    void notify();
-
-  private:
-    // Same as CallbackBase::join_thread but assumes we already hold a lock on
-    // mMutex.
-    void join_thread_locked();
-
-    bool mNotified;
-    std::mutex mMutex;
-    std::condition_variable mCondition;
-    std::function<bool(void)> mPostWork;
-    std::thread mThread;
-};
-
-/**
  * The PreparedModelCallback class is used to receive the error status of
  * preparing a model as well as the prepared model from a task executing
- * asynchronously with respect to the runtime. If a calling thread calls wait*
+ * asynchronously with respect to the runtime. If a calling thread calls wait
  * or get* on a PreparedModelCallback object and the corresponding asynchronous
  * task has not finished preparing the model, the calling thread will block
- * until the asynchronous task has either called notify or notify_1_2. For more
- * information on the synchronization behavior, refer to the CallbackBase class.
+ * until the asynchronous task has either called notify or notify_1_2.
  *
- * This class inherits the basic blocking and signaling calls from
- * CallbackBase, and implements the HIDL notify and notify_1_2 calls from
- * IPreparedModelCallback. This callback object is passed as an argument to
- * IDevice::prepareModel.
+ * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of the
+ * first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls are
+ * discarded.
+ *
+ * This callback object is passed as an argument to IDevice::prepareModel*.
  */
-class PreparedModelCallback : public CallbackBase, public IPreparedModelCallback {
+class PreparedModelCallback : public IPreparedModelCallback {
   public:
-    PreparedModelCallback();
-    ~PreparedModelCallback() override;
-
     /**
-     * IPreparedModelCallback::notify and IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2
-     * mark the callback object with the return status of the asynchronous
-     * model preparation along with the prepared model, and call
-     * CallbackBase::notify, enabling all prior and future wait* calls on the
-     * PreparedModelCallback object to proceed. For more information on the
-     * synchronization behavior, refer to the CallbackBase class.
+     * IPreparedModelCallback::notify marks the callback object with the return
+     * status of the asynchronous model preparation along with the prepared
+     * model, and allows all prior and future wait calls on the
+     * PreparedModelCallback object to proceed.
      *
-     * Either IPreparedModelCallback::notify or IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2
-     * must be called exactly once on a given PreparedModelCallback object.
+     * Either IPreparedModelCallback::notify or
+     * IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2 must be called on a given
+     * PreparedModelCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
      *
      * @param status Error status returned from asynchronously preparing the
-     *               model; will be:
-     *               - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
-     *               - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
-     *               - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
-     *               - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
+     *     model; will be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
      * @param preparedModel Returned model that has been prepared for execution,
-     *                      nullptr if the model was unable to be prepared.
+     *     nullptr if the model was unable to be prepared.
      */
     Return<void> notify(ErrorStatus status, const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) override;
+
+    /**
+     * IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2 marks the callback object with the
+     * return status of the asynchronous model preparation along with the
+     * prepared model, and allows all prior and future wait calls on the
+     * PreparedModelCallback object to proceed.
+     *
+     * Either IPreparedModelCallback::notify or
+     * IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2 must be called on a given
+     * PreparedModelCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from asynchronously preparing the
+     *     model; will be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
+     * @param preparedModel Returned model that has been prepared for execution,
+     *     nullptr if the model was unable to be prepared.
+     */
     Return<void> notify_1_2(ErrorStatus status,
                             const sp<V1_2::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) override;
 
     /**
+     * PreparedModelCallback::wait blocks until notify* has been called on the
+     * callback object.
+     */
+    void wait() const;
+
+    /**
      * Retrieves the error status returned from the asynchronous task launched
-     * by IDevice::prepareModel. If IDevice::prepareModel has not finished
+     * by IDevice::prepareModel*. If IDevice::prepareModel* has not finished
      * asynchronously preparing the model, this call will block until the
      * asynchronous task notifies the object.
      *
      * @return status Error status returned from asynchronously preparing the
-     *                model; will be:
-     *                - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
-     *                - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
-     *                - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
-     *                - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
+     *     model; will be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
      */
-    ErrorStatus getStatus();
+    ErrorStatus getStatus() const;
 
     /**
      * Retrieves the model that has been prepared for execution from the
-     * asynchronous task launched by IDevice::prepareModel. If
-     * IDevice::prepareModel has not finished asynchronously preparing the
+     * asynchronous task launched by IDevice::prepareModel*. If
+     * IDevice::prepareModel* has not finished asynchronously preparing the
      * model, this call will block until the asynchronous task notifies the
      * object.
      *
      * @return preparedModel Returned model that has been prepared for
-     *                       execution, nullptr if the model was unable to be
-     *                       prepared.
+     *     execution, nullptr if the model was unable to be prepared.
      */
-    sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel();
+    sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel() const;
 
   private:
-    ErrorStatus mErrorStatus;
+    mutable std::mutex mMutex;
+    mutable std::condition_variable mCondition;
+    bool mNotified GUARDED_BY(mMutex) = false;
+    ErrorStatus mErrorStatus = ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
     sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> mPreparedModel;
 };
 
 /**
- * The ExecutionCallback class is used to receive the error status of the
- * execution from a task executing asynchronously with respect to the runtime.
- * If a calling thread calls wait* or get* on a PreparedModelCallback object and
- * the corresponding asynchronous task has not finished the execution, the
- * calling thread will block until the asynchronous task has either called notify
- * or notify_1_2. For more information on the synchronization behavior, refer to
- * the CallbackBase class.
+ * The ExecutionCallback class is used to receive the results of the execution
+ * from a task executing asynchronously with respect to the runtime. If a
+ * calling thread calls wait or get* on a ExecutionCallback object and the
+ * corresponding asynchronous task has not finished the execution, the calling
+ * thread will block until the asynchronous task has either called notify or
+ * notify_1_2.
  *
- * This class inherits the basic blocking and signaling calls from
- * CallbackBase, and implements the HIDL notify and notify_1_2 calls from
- * IExecutionCallback. This callback object is passed as an argument to
- * IPreparedModel::execute.
+ * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of the
+ * first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls are
+ * discarded.
+ *
+ * This callback object is passed as an argument to IPreparedModel::execute*.
  */
-class ExecutionCallback : public CallbackBase, public IExecutionCallback {
+class ExecutionCallback : public IExecutionCallback {
   public:
-    ExecutionCallback();
-    ~ExecutionCallback() override;
-
     /**
-     * IExecutionCallback::notify and IExecutionCallback::notify_1_2 mark the
-     * callback object with the return status of the asynchronous execution that
-     * held this callback and enable all prior and future wait* calls on the
-     * ExecutionCallback object to proceed. For more information on the
-     * synchronization behavior, refer to the CallbackBase class.
+     * IExecutionCallback::notify marks the callback object with the return
+     * status of the asynchronous execution that held this callback and enables
+     * all prior and future wait calls on the ExecutionCallback object to
+     * proceed.
      *
      * Either IExecutionCallback::notify or IExecutionCallback::notify_1_2 must
-     * be called exactly once on a given ExecutionCallback object.
+     * be called on a given ExecutionCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
      *
      * @param status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
-     *               (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself
-     *               (if the launch succeeds). Must be:
-     *               - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
-     *               - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
-     *               - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
-     *               - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if provided output buffer is
-     *                 not large enough to store the resultant values
-     *               - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input request is invalid
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if provided output buffer is not large
+     *         enough to store the resultant values
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input request is invalid
      */
     Return<void> notify(ErrorStatus status) override;
 
     /**
-     * Similar to IExecutionCallback::notify, but for V1_2::IPreparedModel to
-     * also notify output shapes along with error status.
+     * IExecutionCallback::notify_1_2 marks the callback object with the results
+     * (error status, dynamic output shapes, and timing information) of the
+     * asynchronous execution that held this callback and enables all prior and
+     * future wait calls on the ExecutionCallback object to proceed.
+     *
+     * Either IExecutionCallback::notify or IExecutionCallback::notify_1_2 must
+     * be called on a given ExecutionCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
      *
      * @param status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
-     *               (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself
-     *               (if the launch succeeds). Must be:
-     *               - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
-     *               - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
-     *               - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an
-     *                 unspecified error
-     *               - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output
-     *                 operand buffer is not large enough to store the
-     *                 corresponding output
-     *               - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to
-     *                 prepareModel is invalid
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an unspecified
+     *         error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output operand buffer is
+     *         not large enough to store the corresponding output
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to prepareModel is
+     *         invalid
      * @param outputShapes A list of shape information of model output operands.
-     *                     The index into "outputShapes" corresponds to the index
-     *                     of the output operand in the Request outputs vector.
-     *                     outputShapes must be empty unless the status is either
-     *                     NONE or OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
-     * @return Timing Duration of execution. Unless MeasureTiming::YES was passed when
-     *                launching the execution and status is NONE, all times must
-     *                be reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may choose to report
-     *                any time as UINT64_MAX, indicating that particular measurement is
-     *                not available.
+     *     The index into "outputShapes" corresponds to the index of the output
+     *     operand in the Request outputs vector. outputShapes must be empty
+     *     unless the status is either NONE or OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+     * @param Timing Duration of execution. Unless MeasureTiming::YES was passed
+     *     when launching the execution and status is NONE, all times must be
+     *     reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may choose to report any time as
+     *     UINT64_MAX, indicating that particular measurement is not available.
      */
     Return<void> notify_1_2(ErrorStatus status, const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes,
                             const Timing& timing) override;
@@ -321,81 +240,87 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * ExecutionCallback::wait blocks until notify* has been called on the
+     * callback object.
+     */
+    void wait() const;
+
+    /**
      * Retrieves the error status returned from the asynchronous task launched
      * by either IPreparedModel::execute or IPreparedModel::execute_1_2. If
      * IPreparedModel::execute or IPreparedModel::execute_1_2 has not finished
-     * asynchronously executing, this call will block until the asynchronous task
-     * notifies the object.
+     * asynchronously executing, this call will block until the asynchronous
+     * task notifies the object.
      *
      * @return status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
-     *                (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself
-     *                (if the launch succeeds). Must be:
-     *                - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
-     *                - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
-     *                - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an
-     *                  unspecified error
-     *                - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output
-     *                  operand buffer is not large enough to store the
-     *                  corresponding output
-     *                - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to
-     *                  prepareModel is invalid
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an unspecified
+     *         error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output operand buffer is
+     *         not large enough to store the corresponding output
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to prepareModel is
+     *         invalid
      */
-    ErrorStatus getStatus();
+    ErrorStatus getStatus() const;
 
     /**
      * Retrieves the output shapes returned from the asynchronous task launched
-     * by IPreparedModel::execute_1_2. If IPreparedModel::execute_1_2 has not finished
-     * asynchronously executing, this call will block until the asynchronous task
-     * notifies the object.
+     * by IPreparedModel::execute_1_2. If IPreparedModel::execute_1_2 has not
+     * finished asynchronously executing, this call will block until the
+     * asynchronous task notifies the object.
      *
-     * If the asynchronous task was launched by IPreparedModel::execute, an empty vector
-     * will be returned.
+     * If the asynchronous task was launched by IPreparedModel::execute, an
+     * empty vector will be returned.
      *
-     * @return outputShapes A list of shape information of model output operands.
-     *                      The index into "outputShapes" corresponds to the index
-     *                      of the output operand in the Request outputs vector.
-     *                      outputShapes must be empty unless the status is either
-     *                      NONE or OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+     * @return outputShapes A list of shape information of model output
+     *     operands. The index into "outputShapes" corresponds to the index of
+     *     the output operand in the Request outputs vector. outputShapes must
+     *     be empty unless the status is either NONE or
+     *     OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE. outputShaps may be empty if the status is
+     *     NONE and all model output operands are fully-specified at execution
+     *     time. outputShapes must have the same number of elements as the
+     *     number of model output operands if the status is
+     *     OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE, or if the status is NONE and the model has
+     *     at least one output operand that is not fully-specified.
      */
-    const std::vector<OutputShape>& getOutputShapes();
+    const std::vector<OutputShape>& getOutputShapes() const;
 
     /**
-     * Retrieves the duration of execution ofthe asynchronous task launched
-     * by IPreparedModel::execute_1_2. If IPreparedModel::execute_1_2 has not finished
-     * asynchronously executing, this call will block until the asynchronous task
-     * notifies the object.
+     * Retrieves the duration of execution of the asynchronous task launched by
+     * IPreparedModel::execute_1_2. If IPreparedModel::execute_1_2 has not
+     * finished asynchronously executing, this call will block until the
+     * asynchronous task notifies the object.
      *
-     * If the asynchronous task was launched by IPreparedModel::execute, every time
-     * must be UINT64_MAX.
+     * If the asynchronous task was launched by IPreparedModel::execute, every
+     * time must be UINT64_MAX.
      *
-     * @return timing Duration of the execution. Every time must be UINT64_MAX unless
-     *                the status is NONE.
+     * @return timing Duration of the execution. Every time must be UINT64_MAX
+     *     unless the status is NONE.
      */
-    Timing getTiming();
+    Timing getTiming() const;
 
   private:
+    /*
+     * ExecutionCallback::notifyInternal stores the results of the execution
+     * (status, output shapes, and timing information) in the ExecutionCallback
+     * object before any call to wait or get* return. It then enables all prior
+     * and future wait calls on the ExecutionCallback object to proceed.
+     */
+    void notifyInternal(ErrorStatus errorStatus, const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes,
+                        const Timing& timing);
+
+    // members
+    mutable std::mutex mMutex;
+    mutable std::condition_variable mCondition;
+    bool mNotified GUARDED_BY(mMutex) = false;
     ErrorStatus mErrorStatus = ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
     std::vector<OutputShape> mOutputShapes = {};
     Timing mTiming = {};
 };
 
-// template function implementation(s) below this point
-
-template <class Rep, class Period>
-std::cv_status CallbackBase::wait_for(const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& timeout_duration) {
-    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
-    std::cv_status status =
-            mCondition.wait_for(lock, timeout_duration, [this] { return mNotified; });
-    if (status != std::cv_status::timeout) {
-        join_thread_locked();
-    }
-    return status;
-}
-
-}  // namespace implementation
-}  // namespace V1_2
-}  // namespace neuralnetworks
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_2::implementation
 
 #endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_2_CALLBACKS_H
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.cpp b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.cpp
index 03fcc17..dc54f27 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.cpp
+++ b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.cpp
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@
 
 void SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::startPollingThread() {
     mStopThread = false;
-    mPollThread = std::thread(pollingThread, this);
     mEvents.reserve(MAX_RECEIVE_BUFFER_EVENT_COUNT);
+    mPollThread = std::thread(pollingThread, this);
 }
 
 void SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::readEvents() {
diff --git a/tv/cec/1.0/config/sadConfig.xsd b/tv/cec/1.0/config/sadConfig.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f99311
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tv/cec/1.0/config/sadConfig.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+         Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+         you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+         You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+                    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+         Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+         distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+         WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+         See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+         limitations under the License.
+-->
+<xs:schema version="1.0"
+           xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="../../../../audio/4.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="config">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+                List the config versions supported by Short Audio Descriptor(SAD) config.
+            </xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="device" type="device" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="version" type="version"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="device">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+                Device section:
+                There is a list of configurations in this SAD config for all the input audio
+                devices that the current Android device supports.
+                Each device has the following attributes:
+                    "type": type of the audio device.
+                And the following element
+                    <supportedFormat/>: the supported format info of the device. There can be
+                                        multiple formats supported by one audio device.
+            </xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="supportedFormat" type="supportedFormat" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="type" type="extendableAudioDevice" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="supportedFormat">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+                SupportedFormat section:
+                The details of the short audio descriptor of a specific audio format
+                supported by the audio device. Attributes as follows:
+                    "format": format enum of the current supported format.
+                    "descriptor": three-byte short audio descriptor for the given format in hex.
+            </xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:attribute name="format" type="hdmiAudioFormat" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="descriptor" type="descriptor" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:simpleType name="descriptor">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:pattern value="[a-fA-F0-9]{6}"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:simpleType name="hdmiAudioFormat">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_NONE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_LPCM"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_DD"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_MPEG1"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_MP3"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_MPEG2"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_AAC"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_DTS"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_ATRAC"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_ONEBITAUDIO"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_DDP"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_DTSHD"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_TRUEHD"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_DST"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FORMAT_WMAPRO"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:element name="config" type="config"/>
+</xs:schema>