diff --git a/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 278d87b..9aa1334 100644
--- a/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -30,4 +30,5 @@
         "android.hardware.gnss@2.0",
         "android.hardware.gnss@common-vts-lib",
     ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGnssV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGnssV2_0TargetTest.cpp
index ae36c50..2c74fa3 100644
--- a/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGnssV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGnssV2_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -15,15 +15,15 @@
  */
 #define LOG_TAG "VtsHalGnssV2_0TargetTest"
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include "gnss_hal_test.h"
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(GnssHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    GnssHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+using android::hardware::gnss::V2_0::IGnss;
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, GnssHalTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IGnss::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.cpp b/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.cpp
index 14ae43c..8ca3f68 100644
--- a/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.cpp
@@ -20,12 +20,13 @@
 #include <chrono>
 #include "Utils.h"
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
 using ::android::hardware::gnss::common::Utils;
 
 // Implementations for the main test class for GNSS HAL
 void GnssHalTest::SetUp() {
-    gnss_hal_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IGnss>(
-        GnssHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IGnss>());
+    gnss_hal_ = IGnss::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(gnss_hal_, nullptr);
 
     SetUpGnssCallback();
diff --git a/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.h b/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.h
index 7d07c0f..4f7b87a 100644
--- a/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.h
+++ b/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.h
@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@
 #ifndef GNSS_HAL_TEST_H_
 #define GNSS_HAL_TEST_H_
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <android/hardware/gnss/2.0/IGnss.h>
 #include "GnssCallbackEventQueue.h"
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
 using android::hardware::hidl_vec;
 using android::hardware::Return;
 using android::hardware::Void;
@@ -45,24 +45,9 @@
 
 #define TIMEOUT_SEC 2  // for basic commands/responses
 
-// Test environment for GNSS HIDL HAL.
-class GnssHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static GnssHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static GnssHidlEnvironment* instance = new GnssHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IGnss>(); }
-
-   private:
-    GnssHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for GNSS HAL.
-class GnssHalTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
+class GnssHalTest : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
     virtual void SetUp() override;
 
     virtual void TearDown() override;
diff --git a/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test_cases.cpp b/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test_cases.cpp
index ca3edc5..c442cc6 100644
--- a/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test_cases.cpp
+++ b/gnss/2.0/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test_cases.cpp
@@ -16,10 +16,11 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "GnssHalTestCases"
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <gnss_hal_test.h>
 #include "Utils.h"
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
 using android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using android::hardware::hidl_vec;
 
@@ -51,13 +52,13 @@
  *
  * Empty test fixture to verify basic Setup & Teardown
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, SetupTeardownCreateCleanup) {}
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, SetupTeardownCreateCleanup) {}
 
 /*
  * TestGnssMeasurementExtension:
  * Gets the GnssMeasurementExtension and verifies that it returns an actual extension.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestGnssMeasurementExtension) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestGnssMeasurementExtension) {
     auto gnssMeasurement_2_0 = gnss_hal_->getExtensionGnssMeasurement_2_0();
     auto gnssMeasurement_1_1 = gnss_hal_->getExtensionGnssMeasurement_1_1();
     auto gnssMeasurement_1_0 = gnss_hal_->getExtensionGnssMeasurement();
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@
  * The GNSS HAL 2.0 implementation must support @2.0::IGnssConfiguration interface due to
  * the deprecation of some methods in @1.0::IGnssConfiguration interface.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestGnssConfigurationExtension) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestGnssConfigurationExtension) {
     auto gnssConfiguration = gnss_hal_->getExtensionGnssConfiguration_2_0();
     ASSERT_TRUE(gnssConfiguration.isOk());
     sp<IGnssConfiguration_2_0> iGnssConfiguration = gnssConfiguration;
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@
  * TestGnssConfiguration_setSuplEs_Deprecation:
  * Calls setSuplEs and verifies that it returns false.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestGnssConfiguration_setSuplEs_Deprecation) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestGnssConfiguration_setSuplEs_Deprecation) {
     auto gnssConfiguration = gnss_hal_->getExtensionGnssConfiguration_2_0();
     ASSERT_TRUE(gnssConfiguration.isOk());
     sp<IGnssConfiguration_2_0> iGnssConfiguration = gnssConfiguration;
@@ -111,7 +112,7 @@
  * TestGnssConfiguration_setGpsLock_Deprecation:
  * Calls setGpsLock and verifies that it returns false.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestGnssConfiguration_setGpsLock_Deprecation) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestGnssConfiguration_setGpsLock_Deprecation) {
     auto gnssConfiguration = gnss_hal_->getExtensionGnssConfiguration_2_0();
     ASSERT_TRUE(gnssConfiguration.isOk());
     sp<IGnssConfiguration_2_0> iGnssConfiguration = gnssConfiguration;
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@
  * @2.0::IAGnssRil interface due to the deprecation of framework network API methods needed
  * to support the @1.0::IAGnssRil interface.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestAGnssRilExtension) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestAGnssRilExtension) {
     auto agnssRil_2_0 = gnss_hal_->getExtensionAGnssRil_2_0();
     ASSERT_TRUE(agnssRil_2_0.isOk());
     sp<IAGnssRil_2_0> iAGnssRil_2_0 = agnssRil_2_0;
@@ -148,7 +149,7 @@
  * 1. Updates GNSS HAL that a network has connected.
  * 2. Updates GNSS HAL that network has disconnected.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestAGnssRil_UpdateNetworkState_2_0) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestAGnssRil_UpdateNetworkState_2_0) {
     auto agnssRil = gnss_hal_->getExtensionAGnssRil_2_0();
     ASSERT_TRUE(agnssRil.isOk());
     sp<IAGnssRil_2_0> iAGnssRil = agnssRil;
@@ -180,7 +181,7 @@
  * 2. constellation is valid.
  * 3. state is valid.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestGnssMeasurementFields) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestGnssMeasurementFields) {
     const int kFirstGnssMeasurementTimeoutSeconds = 10;
 
     auto gnssMeasurement = gnss_hal_->getExtensionGnssMeasurement_2_0();
@@ -234,7 +235,7 @@
  * @2.0::IAGnss interface due to the deprecation of framework network API methods needed
  * to support the @1.0::IAGnss interface.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestAGnssExtension) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestAGnssExtension) {
     auto agnss_2_0 = gnss_hal_->getExtensionAGnss_2_0();
     ASSERT_TRUE(agnss_2_0.isOk());
     sp<IAGnss_2_0> iAGnss_2_0 = agnss_2_0;
@@ -258,7 +259,7 @@
  * TestGnssNiExtension_Deprecation:
  * Gets the @1.0::IGnssNi extension and verifies that it is a nullptr.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestGnssNiExtension_Deprecation) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestGnssNiExtension_Deprecation) {
     // Verify IGnssNi 1.0 is not supported.
     auto gnssNi = gnss_hal_->getExtensionGnssNi();
     ASSERT_TRUE(!gnssNi.isOk() || ((sp<IGnssNi>)gnssNi) == nullptr);
@@ -269,7 +270,7 @@
  * Gets the GnssVisibilityControlExtension and if it is not null, verifies that it supports
  * the gnss.visibility_control@1.0::IGnssVisibilityControl interface by invoking a method.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestGnssVisibilityControlExtension) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestGnssVisibilityControlExtension) {
     auto gnssVisibilityControl = gnss_hal_->getExtensionVisibilityControl();
     ASSERT_TRUE(gnssVisibilityControl.isOk());
     sp<IGnssVisibilityControl> iGnssVisibilityControl = gnssVisibilityControl;
@@ -290,7 +291,7 @@
  * capabilities are reported and the mandatory LOS_SATS or the EXCESS_PATH_LENGTH
  * capability flag is set.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestGnssMeasurementCorrectionsCapabilities) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestGnssMeasurementCorrectionsCapabilities) {
     if (!(gnss_cb_->last_capabilities_ & IGnssCallback::Capabilities::MEASUREMENT_CORRECTIONS)) {
         return;
     }
@@ -318,7 +319,7 @@
  * If measurement corrections capability is supported, verifies that it supports the
  * gnss.measurement_corrections@1.0::IMeasurementCorrections interface by invoking a method.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestGnssMeasurementCorrections) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestGnssMeasurementCorrections) {
     if (!(gnss_cb_->last_capabilities_ & IGnssCallback::Capabilities::MEASUREMENT_CORRECTIONS)) {
         return;
     }
@@ -348,7 +349,7 @@
  * Sets a GnssMeasurementCallback, waits for a GnssData object, and verifies the flags in member
  * elapsedRealitme are valid.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestGnssDataElapsedRealtimeFlags) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestGnssDataElapsedRealtimeFlags) {
     const int kFirstGnssMeasurementTimeoutSeconds = 10;
 
     auto gnssMeasurement = gnss_hal_->getExtensionGnssMeasurement_2_0();
@@ -383,7 +384,7 @@
     iGnssMeasurement->close();
 }
 
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestGnssLocationElapsedRealtime) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestGnssLocationElapsedRealtime) {
     StartAndCheckFirstLocation();
 
     ASSERT_TRUE((int)gnss_cb_->last_location_.elapsedRealtime.flags <=
@@ -399,7 +400,7 @@
 }
 
 // This test only verify that injectBestLocation_2_0 does not crash.
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestInjectBestLocation_2_0) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestInjectBestLocation_2_0) {
     StartAndCheckFirstLocation();
     gnss_hal_->injectBestLocation_2_0(gnss_cb_->last_location_);
     StopAndClearLocations();
@@ -410,7 +411,7 @@
  * Gets the @2.0::IGnssBatching extension and verifies that it doesn't return an error. Support
  * for this interface is optional.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, TestGnssBatchingExtension) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, TestGnssBatchingExtension) {
     auto gnssBatching_2_0 = gnss_hal_->getExtensionGnssBatching_2_0();
     ASSERT_TRUE(gnssBatching_2_0.isOk());
 }
@@ -422,7 +423,7 @@
  * NO_LOCATION_PERIOD_SEC and verfiy that no location is received. Also perform validity checks on
  * each received location.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, GetLocationLowPower) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, GetLocationLowPower) {
     if (!(gnss_cb_->last_capabilities_ & IGnssCallback::Capabilities::LOW_POWER_MODE)) {
         ALOGI("Test GetLocationLowPower skipped. LOW_POWER_MODE capability not supported.");
         return;
@@ -513,7 +514,7 @@
  *         or a source with constellation == UNKNOWN if none are found sufficient times
  */
 IGnssConfiguration_1_1::BlacklistedSource FindStrongFrequentNonGpsSource(
-        const list<hidl_vec<IGnssCallback_2_0::GnssSvInfo>>& sv_info_lists,
+        const std::list<hidl_vec<IGnssCallback_2_0::GnssSvInfo>>& sv_info_lists,
         const int min_observations) {
     struct ComparableBlacklistedSource {
         IGnssConfiguration_1_1::BlacklistedSource id;
@@ -599,7 +600,7 @@
  * 5b) Retry a few times, in case GNSS search strategy takes a while to reacquire even the
  * formerly strongest satellite
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, BlacklistIndividualSatellites) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, BlacklistIndividualSatellites) {
     if (!(gnss_cb_->last_capabilities_ & IGnssCallback::Capabilities::SATELLITE_BLACKLIST)) {
         ALOGI("Test BlacklistIndividualSatellites skipped. SATELLITE_BLACKLIST capability"
               " not supported.");
@@ -626,7 +627,7 @@
      */
 
     const int kGnssSvStatusTimeout = 2;
-    list<hidl_vec<IGnssCallback_2_0::GnssSvInfo>> sv_info_lists;
+    std::list<hidl_vec<IGnssCallback_2_0::GnssSvInfo>> sv_info_lists;
     int count = gnss_cb_->sv_info_list_cbq_.retrieve(sv_info_lists, sv_info_list_cbq_size,
                                                      kGnssSvStatusTimeout);
     ASSERT_EQ(count, sv_info_list_cbq_size);
@@ -744,7 +745,7 @@
  * GnssStatus does not use any constellation but GPS.
  * 4a & b) Clean up by turning off location, and send in empty blacklist.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, BlacklistConstellation) {
+TEST_P(GnssHalTest, BlacklistConstellation) {
     if (!(gnss_cb_->last_capabilities_ & IGnssCallback::Capabilities::SATELLITE_BLACKLIST)) {
         ALOGI("Test BlacklistConstellation skipped. SATELLITE_BLACKLIST capability not supported.");
         return;