Merge "Added logic for ACC properties to return NOT_AVAILABLE in standard CC." into main
diff --git a/CleanSpec.mk b/CleanSpec.mk
index 1eca2a1..2e9d9ab 100644
--- a/CleanSpec.mk
+++ b/CleanSpec.mk
@@ -85,3 +85,4 @@
 $(call add-clean-step, rm -rf $(PRODUCT_OUT)/vendor/etc/init/android.hardware.cas@1.1*)
 $(call add-clean-step, rm -rf $(PRODUCT_OUT)/vendor/etc/vintf/manifest/android.hardware.cas@1.1*)
 $(call add-clean-step, rm -rf $(OUT_DIR)/soong/.intermediates/hardware/interfaces/wifi/1.4/android.hardware.wifi@1.4-adapter_genc++/)
+$(call add-clean-step, rm -rf $(OUT_DIR)/soong/.intermediates/hardware/interfaces/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle-V2-ndk-source/)
diff --git a/apexkey/Android.bp b/apexkey/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e74717a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apexkey/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+apex_key {
+    name: "com.android.hardware.key",
+    public_key: "com.android.hardware.avbpubkey",
+    private_key: "com.android.hardware.pem",
+}
+
+android_app_certificate {
+    name: "com.android.hardware.certificate",
+    certificate: "com.android.hardware",
+}
diff --git a/apexkey/com.android.hardware.avbpubkey b/apexkey/com.android.hardware.avbpubkey
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12f0370
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apexkey/com.android.hardware.avbpubkey
Binary files differ
diff --git a/apexkey/com.android.hardware.pem b/apexkey/com.android.hardware.pem
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4d2882b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apexkey/com.android.hardware.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
+MIIJQwIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCCS0wggkpAgEAAoICAQCmirL5vFcGDqg9
+JqKZwRqzPr76t8aqJSu+UOdnlmqBLmUBaeun2KwRsZiLku933m5MNv+CPnVQW7ij
+z0lv0z/qB8SXN+KAgSqRdIjL1ySQgp8ygKHu+GcvbMFj9pVuqufwSrEOY9Un1RRY
+InDDj88c/aNbCw64d1QVedgUIs5KDDLjOzkcrrbH+Th26r2YjhlRKQXCZT5jW1fY
+2gJg5LPeuM4fI63ESxFyRTY/V8E3LbAuTYKBSrHRbec22oCkL/pUilJBe2r8aNyp
+ACWEJB96uWdKmIYDCdj6r6SNzHM3S4X+l1C9/Gi9UNK8nuIAI3v2qW07S2RABAWX
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+Az/hv4siSaDD2E3JrRyh3nNxTCuIABla7/jGmNz6vIdwTRJsa2RIEezkeMiUy+jp
+VyeYsWIEBmQwZ5+k6YbdrKTULaay3UJ6/YXEQY9Sbg0JL/7sjQWILwnrtab3/jsn
+iWsr59Qsaf+q3PnrWPCXT/KC8DwKi/2zSWfCX8MHreqaoozjfWXeD87lnBAhukBS
+984xWEmStJGFQG29J4sF4NmgO1I8GPqQRtoB6ghme11U2EX0vIqrDNccX12ohqgh
+CfwMXX64WV5fWscmSLZin5xK+AN+/wIDAQABAoICABLDnda1ebic/ielqrxYHYIE
+l8/31NJmzb7rrqblM6rKZ2b5YCvRJdH4iI9xRrnivdqod7FdCCq9qtgKCuQmkRT1
+Oxkumr6PzxQEZUVSQDRoAzfVdmlOY5HcVw3EQqHtb6SLRdexN9r9DwW/G6VtFpDV
+owom/Mmb6EVjLQ1XvpZpOXKQwaaRqNZvJgV//Uyq9f9G9/cnIRhguk0cgxgXrIxz
+lgW8J1/udVDCq5IHeSWWaDtPUFzw5YgLMfnkNIpLPZE45HusRCmcRwBjm9Z/m2xg
+Z1roRHEjMudL0uaHGpQoVjiRI+/D+Kkb6iKGZEBPvy/TdxMvM2RjD55BC0YNcjGv
+kXTMLwj2ke824rUPJJOYN8bJFIpOYblMcbDrxYVlDZetKOMc6EJw90xaj4za2IMS
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+BgF81SSobSaBlzLcnRyrjwBRWA21DP8U/ApUkmHR/Lm1BJejzxf1hj35Hp9XUwdC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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/apexkey/com.android.hardware.pk8 b/apexkey/com.android.hardware.pk8
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97007d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apexkey/com.android.hardware.pk8
Binary files differ
diff --git a/apexkey/com.android.hardware.x509.pem b/apexkey/com.android.hardware.x509.pem
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2728a23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apexkey/com.android.hardware.x509.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/audio/aidl/common/StreamWorker.cpp b/audio/aidl/common/StreamWorker.cpp
index 0d2121c..8107655 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/common/StreamWorker.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/common/StreamWorker.cpp
@@ -106,6 +106,9 @@
         std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mWorkerLock);
         mWorkerState = error.empty() ? WorkerState::RUNNING : WorkerState::STOPPED;
         mError = error;
+#if defined(__ANDROID__)
+        mTid = pthread_gettid_np(pthread_self());
+#endif
     }
     mWorkerCv.notify_one();
     if (!error.empty()) return;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/common/include/StreamWorker.h b/audio/aidl/common/include/StreamWorker.h
index e9c1070..efdcc81 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/common/include/StreamWorker.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/common/include/StreamWorker.h
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
 #include <atomic>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -52,6 +54,10 @@
         std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mWorkerLock);
         return mError;
     }
+    pid_t getTid() {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mWorkerLock);
+        return mTid;
+    }
     void stop();
     // Direct use of 'join' assumes that the StreamLogic is not intended
     // to run forever, and is guaranteed to exit by itself. This normally
@@ -78,6 +84,7 @@
     std::condition_variable mWorkerCv;
     WorkerState mWorkerState GUARDED_BY(mWorkerLock) = WorkerState::INITIAL;
     std::string mError GUARDED_BY(mWorkerLock);
+    pid_t mTid GUARDED_BY(mWorkerLock) = -1;
     // The atomic lock-free variable is used to prevent priority inversions
     // that can occur when a high priority worker tries to acquire the lock
     // which has been taken by a lower priority control thread which in its turn
@@ -143,6 +150,7 @@
     void resume() { mThread.resume(); }
     bool hasError() { return mThread.hasError(); }
     std::string getError() { return mThread.getError(); }
+    pid_t getTid() { return mThread.getTid(); }
     void stop() { mThread.stop(); }
     void join() { mThread.join(); }
     bool waitForAtLeastOneCycle() { return mThread.waitForAtLeastOneCycle(); }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/common/tests/streamworker_tests.cpp b/audio/aidl/common/tests/streamworker_tests.cpp
index f7a30b9..2b65740 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/common/tests/streamworker_tests.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/common/tests/streamworker_tests.cpp
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@
 TEST_P(StreamWorkerInvalidTest, Uninitialized) {
     EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasWorkerCycleCalled());
     EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+    EXPECT_LE(worker.getTid(), 0);
 }
 
 TEST_P(StreamWorkerInvalidTest, UninitializedPauseIgnored) {
@@ -105,6 +106,9 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(worker.start());
     EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasWorkerCycleCalled());
     EXPECT_TRUE(worker.hasError());
+#if defined(__ANDROID__)
+    EXPECT_GT(worker.getTid(), 0);
+#endif
 }
 
 TEST_P(StreamWorkerInvalidTest, PauseIgnored) {
@@ -136,12 +140,16 @@
 TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, Uninitialized) {
     EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasWorkerCycleCalled());
     EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+    EXPECT_LE(worker.getTid(), 0);
 }
 
 TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, Start) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(worker.start());
     EXPECT_TRUE(worker.waitForAtLeastOneCycle());
     EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError());
+#if defined(__ANDROID__)
+    EXPECT_GT(worker.getTid(), 0);
+#endif
 }
 
 TEST_P(StreamWorkerTest, StartStop) {
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/Android.bp b/audio/aidl/default/Android.bp
index 4e583a4..bb8d76f 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -82,8 +82,12 @@
         "alsa/ModuleAlsa.cpp",
         "alsa/StreamAlsa.cpp",
         "alsa/Utils.cpp",
+        "bluetooth/DevicePortProxy.cpp",
+        "bluetooth/ModuleBluetooth.cpp",
+        "bluetooth/StreamBluetooth.cpp",
+        "primary/PrimaryMixer.cpp",
+        "primary/StreamPrimary.cpp",
         "r_submix/ModuleRemoteSubmix.cpp",
-        "r_submix/RemoteSubmixUtils.cpp",
         "r_submix/SubmixRoute.cpp",
         "r_submix/StreamRemoteSubmix.cpp",
         "stub/ModuleStub.cpp",
@@ -105,7 +109,9 @@
         "audio_policy_engine_configuration_aidl_default",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.bluetooth.audio-V3-ndk",
         "libaudio_aidl_conversion_common_ndk",
+        "libbluetooth_audio_session_aidl",
         "libmedia_helper",
         "libstagefright_foundation",
     ],
@@ -136,7 +142,9 @@
         "libaudioserviceexampleimpl",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.bluetooth.audio-V3-ndk",
         "libaudio_aidl_conversion_common_ndk",
+        "libbluetooth_audio_session_aidl",
         "libmedia_helper",
         "libstagefright_foundation",
     ],
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/Bluetooth.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/Bluetooth.cpp
index c32b538..072b89f 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/Bluetooth.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/Bluetooth.cpp
@@ -82,19 +82,18 @@
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus BluetoothA2dp::isEnabled(bool* _aidl_return) {
     *_aidl_return = mEnabled;
-    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": returning " << *_aidl_return;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus BluetoothA2dp::setEnabled(bool in_enabled) {
     mEnabled = in_enabled;
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": " << mEnabled;
+    if (mHandler) return mHandler();
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus BluetoothA2dp::supportsOffloadReconfiguration(bool* _aidl_return) {
-    *_aidl_return = true;
-    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": returning " << *_aidl_return;
+    *_aidl_return = false;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -102,24 +101,22 @@
         const std::vector<::aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::VendorParameter>& in_parameters
                 __unused) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": " << ::android::internal::ToString(in_parameters);
-    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus BluetoothLe::isEnabled(bool* _aidl_return) {
     *_aidl_return = mEnabled;
-    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": returning " << *_aidl_return;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus BluetoothLe::setEnabled(bool in_enabled) {
     mEnabled = in_enabled;
-    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": " << mEnabled;
+    if (mHandler) return mHandler();
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus BluetoothLe::supportsOffloadReconfiguration(bool* _aidl_return) {
-    *_aidl_return = true;
-    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": returning " << *_aidl_return;
+    *_aidl_return = false;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -127,7 +124,7 @@
         const std::vector<::aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::VendorParameter>& in_parameters
                 __unused) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": " << ::android::internal::ToString(in_parameters);
-    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
 }
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/Config.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/Config.cpp
index d1023da..308200a 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/Config.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/Config.cpp
@@ -27,12 +27,11 @@
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Config::getSurroundSoundConfig(SurroundSoundConfig* _aidl_return) {
+    static const auto& func = __func__;
     static const SurroundSoundConfig surroundSoundConfig = [this]() {
-        SurroundSoundConfig surroundCfg;
-        if (mAudioPolicyConverter.getStatus() == ::android::OK) {
-            surroundCfg = mAudioPolicyConverter.getSurroundSoundConfig();
-        } else {
-            LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << mAudioPolicyConverter.getError();
+        SurroundSoundConfig surroundCfg = mAudioPolicyConverter.getSurroundSoundConfig();
+        if (mAudioPolicyConverter.getStatus() != ::android::OK) {
+            LOG(WARNING) << func << ": " << mAudioPolicyConverter.getError();
         }
         return surroundCfg;
     }();
@@ -42,21 +41,22 @@
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Config::getEngineConfig(AudioHalEngineConfig* _aidl_return) {
+    static const auto& func = __func__;
     static const AudioHalEngineConfig returnEngCfg = [this]() {
         AudioHalEngineConfig engConfig;
         if (mEngConfigConverter.getStatus() == ::android::OK) {
             engConfig = mEngConfigConverter.getAidlEngineConfig();
         } else {
-            LOG(INFO) << __func__ << mEngConfigConverter.getError();
+            LOG(INFO) << func << ": " << mEngConfigConverter.getError();
             if (mAudioPolicyConverter.getStatus() == ::android::OK) {
                 engConfig = mAudioPolicyConverter.getAidlEngineConfig();
             } else {
-                LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << mAudioPolicyConverter.getError();
+                LOG(WARNING) << func << ": " << mAudioPolicyConverter.getError();
             }
         }
         // Logging full contents of the config is an overkill, just provide statistics.
-        LOG(DEBUG) << "getEngineConfig: number of strategies parsed: "
-                   << engConfig.productStrategies.size()
+        LOG(DEBUG) << func
+                   << ": number of strategies parsed: " << engConfig.productStrategies.size()
                    << ", default strategy: " << engConfig.defaultProductStrategyId
                    << ", number of volume groups parsed: " << engConfig.volumeGroups.size();
         return engConfig;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/Configuration.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/Configuration.cpp
index a71c6ea..9131935 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/Configuration.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/Configuration.cpp
@@ -81,8 +81,6 @@
         deviceExt.device.address = "bottom";
     } else if (devType == AudioDeviceType::IN_MICROPHONE_BACK && connection.empty()) {
         deviceExt.device.address = "back";
-    } else if (devType == AudioDeviceType::IN_SUBMIX || devType == AudioDeviceType::OUT_SUBMIX) {
-        deviceExt.device.address = "0";
     }
     deviceExt.device.type.connection = std::move(connection);
     deviceExt.flags = flags;
@@ -136,7 +134,7 @@
 // Device ports:
 //  * "Speaker", OUT_SPEAKER, default
 //    - no profiles specified
-//  * "Built-in Mic", IN_MICROPHONE, default
+//  * "Built-In Mic", IN_MICROPHONE, default
 //    - no profiles specified
 //  * "Telephony Tx", OUT_TELEPHONY_TX
 //    - no profiles specified
@@ -148,46 +146,35 @@
 // Mix ports:
 //  * "primary output", PRIMARY, 1 max open, 1 max active stream
 //    - profile PCM 16-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
-//    - profile PCM 24-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
-//  * "compressed offload", DIRECT|COMPRESS_OFFLOAD|NON_BLOCKING, 1 max open, 1 max active stream
-//    - profile MP3; MONO, STEREO; 44100, 48000
-//  * "primary input", 2 max open, 2 max active streams
-//    - profile PCM 16-bit; MONO, STEREO, FRONT_BACK;
-//        8000, 11025, 12000, 16000, 22050, 24000, 32000, 44100, 48000
-//    - profile PCM 24-bit; MONO, STEREO, FRONT_BACK;
-//        8000, 11025, 12000, 16000, 22050, 24000, 32000, 44100, 48000
+//  * "primary input", 1 max open, 1 max active stream
+//    - profile PCM 16-bit; MONO, STEREO;
+//        8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
 //  * "telephony_tx", 1 max open, 1 max active stream
 //    - profile PCM 16-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
-//    - profile PCM 24-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
 //  * "telephony_rx", 1 max open, 1 max active stream
 //    - profile PCM 16-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
-//    - profile PCM 24-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
 //  * "fm_tuner", 1 max open, 1 max active stream
 //    - profile PCM 16-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
-//    - profile PCM 24-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
 //
 // Routes:
-//  "primary out", "compressed offload" -> "Speaker"
-//  "Built-in Mic" -> "primary input"
-//  "telephony_tx" -> "Telephony Tx"
+//  "primary out" -> "Speaker"
+//  "Built-In Mic" -> "primary input"
 //  "Telephony Rx" -> "telephony_rx"
+//  "telephony_tx" -> "Telephony Tx"
 //  "FM Tuner" -> "fm_tuner"
 //
 // Initial port configs:
-//  * "Speaker" device port: PCM 24-bit; STEREO; 48000
-//  * "Built-in Mic" device port: PCM 24-bit; MONO; 48000
-//  * "Telephony Tx" device port: PCM 24-bit; MONO; 48000
-//  * "Telephony Rx" device port: PCM 24-bit; MONO; 48000
-//  * "FM Tuner" device port: PCM 24-bit; STEREO; 48000
+//  * "Speaker" device port: PCM 16-bit; STEREO; 48000
+//  * "Built-In Mic" device port: PCM 16-bit; MONO; 48000
+//  * "Telephony Tx" device port: PCM 16-bit; MONO; 48000
+//  * "Telephony Rx" device port: PCM 16-bit; MONO; 48000
+//  * "FM Tuner" device port: PCM 16-bit; STEREO; 48000
 //
 std::unique_ptr<Configuration> getPrimaryConfiguration() {
     static const Configuration configuration = []() {
         const std::vector<AudioProfile> standardPcmAudioProfiles = {
                 createProfile(PcmType::INT_16_BIT,
                               {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO},
-                              {8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000}),
-                createProfile(PcmType::INT_24_BIT,
-                              {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO},
                               {8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000})};
         Configuration c;
 
@@ -199,17 +186,17 @@
                                            1 << AudioPortDeviceExt::FLAG_INDEX_DEFAULT_DEVICE));
         c.ports.push_back(speakerOutDevice);
         c.initialConfigs.push_back(
-                createPortConfig(speakerOutDevice.id, speakerOutDevice.id, PcmType::INT_24_BIT,
+                createPortConfig(speakerOutDevice.id, speakerOutDevice.id, PcmType::INT_16_BIT,
                                  AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO, 48000, 0, false,
                                  createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::OUT_SPEAKER, 0)));
 
         AudioPort micInDevice =
-                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "Built-in Mic", 0, true,
+                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "Built-In Mic", 0, true,
                            createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::IN_MICROPHONE,
                                            1 << AudioPortDeviceExt::FLAG_INDEX_DEFAULT_DEVICE));
         c.ports.push_back(micInDevice);
         c.initialConfigs.push_back(
-                createPortConfig(micInDevice.id, micInDevice.id, PcmType::INT_24_BIT,
+                createPortConfig(micInDevice.id, micInDevice.id, PcmType::INT_16_BIT,
                                  AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, 48000, 0, true,
                                  createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::IN_MICROPHONE, 0)));
 
@@ -219,7 +206,7 @@
         c.ports.push_back(telephonyTxOutDevice);
         c.initialConfigs.push_back(
                 createPortConfig(telephonyTxOutDevice.id, telephonyTxOutDevice.id,
-                                 PcmType::INT_24_BIT, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, 48000, 0,
+                                 PcmType::INT_16_BIT, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, 48000, 0,
                                  false, createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::OUT_TELEPHONY_TX, 0)));
 
         AudioPort telephonyRxInDevice =
@@ -228,14 +215,14 @@
         c.ports.push_back(telephonyRxInDevice);
         c.initialConfigs.push_back(
                 createPortConfig(telephonyRxInDevice.id, telephonyRxInDevice.id,
-                                 PcmType::INT_24_BIT, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, 48000, 0,
+                                 PcmType::INT_16_BIT, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, 48000, 0,
                                  true, createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::IN_TELEPHONY_RX, 0)));
 
         AudioPort fmTunerInDevice = createPort(c.nextPortId++, "FM Tuner", 0, true,
                                                createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::IN_FM_TUNER, 0));
         c.ports.push_back(fmTunerInDevice);
         c.initialConfigs.push_back(
-                createPortConfig(fmTunerInDevice.id, fmTunerInDevice.id, PcmType::INT_24_BIT,
+                createPortConfig(fmTunerInDevice.id, fmTunerInDevice.id, PcmType::INT_16_BIT,
                                  AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO, 48000, 0, true,
                                  createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::IN_FM_TUNER, 0)));
 
@@ -243,36 +230,18 @@
 
         AudioPort primaryOutMix = createPort(c.nextPortId++, "primary output",
                                              makeBitPositionFlagMask(AudioOutputFlags::PRIMARY),
-                                             false, createPortMixExt(1, 1));
+                                             false, createPortMixExt(0, 0));
         primaryOutMix.profiles.insert(primaryOutMix.profiles.begin(),
                                       standardPcmAudioProfiles.begin(),
                                       standardPcmAudioProfiles.end());
         c.ports.push_back(primaryOutMix);
 
-        AudioPort compressedOffloadOutMix =
-                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "compressed offload",
-                           makeBitPositionFlagMask({AudioOutputFlags::DIRECT,
-                                                    AudioOutputFlags::COMPRESS_OFFLOAD,
-                                                    AudioOutputFlags::NON_BLOCKING}),
-                           false, createPortMixExt(1, 1));
-        compressedOffloadOutMix.profiles.push_back(
-                createProfile(::android::MEDIA_MIMETYPE_AUDIO_MPEG,
-                              {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO},
-                              {44100, 48000}));
-        c.ports.push_back(compressedOffloadOutMix);
-
         AudioPort primaryInMix =
-                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "primary input", 0, true, createPortMixExt(2, 2));
+                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "primary input", 0, true, createPortMixExt(0, 0));
         primaryInMix.profiles.push_back(
                 createProfile(PcmType::INT_16_BIT,
-                              {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO,
-                               AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_FRONT_BACK},
-                              {8000, 11025, 12000, 16000, 22050, 24000, 32000, 44100, 48000}));
-        primaryInMix.profiles.push_back(
-                createProfile(PcmType::INT_24_BIT,
-                              {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO,
-                               AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_FRONT_BACK},
-                              {8000, 11025, 12000, 16000, 22050, 24000, 32000, 44100, 48000}));
+                              {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO},
+                              {8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000}));
         c.ports.push_back(primaryInMix);
 
         AudioPort telephonyTxOutMix =
@@ -296,10 +265,10 @@
                                      standardPcmAudioProfiles.end());
         c.ports.push_back(fmTunerInMix);
 
-        c.routes.push_back(createRoute({primaryOutMix, compressedOffloadOutMix}, speakerOutDevice));
+        c.routes.push_back(createRoute({primaryOutMix}, speakerOutDevice));
         c.routes.push_back(createRoute({micInDevice}, primaryInMix));
-        c.routes.push_back(createRoute({telephonyTxOutMix}, telephonyTxOutDevice));
         c.routes.push_back(createRoute({telephonyRxInDevice}, telephonyRxInMix));
+        c.routes.push_back(createRoute({telephonyTxOutMix}, telephonyTxOutDevice));
         c.routes.push_back(createRoute({fmTunerInDevice}, fmTunerInMix));
 
         c.portConfigs.insert(c.portConfigs.end(), c.initialConfigs.begin(), c.initialConfigs.end());
@@ -320,15 +289,21 @@
 //
 // Device ports:
 //  * "Remote Submix Out", OUT_SUBMIX
-//    - profile PCM 24-bit; STEREO; 48000
+//    - no profiles specified
 //  * "Remote Submix In", IN_SUBMIX
-//    - profile PCM 24-bit; STEREO; 48000
+//    - no profiles specified
 //
 // Mix ports:
-//  * "r_submix output", stream count unlimited
-//    - profile PCM 24-bit; STEREO; 48000
-//  * "r_submix input", stream count unlimited
-//    - profile PCM 24-bit; STEREO; 48000
+//  * "r_submix output", unlimited max open, unlimited max active stream
+//    - profile PCM 16-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
+//    - profile PCM 24-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
+//    - profile PCM 32-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
+//    - profile PCM 32-bit float; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
+//  * "r_submix input", unlimited max open, unlimited max active stream
+//    - profile PCM 16-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
+//    - profile PCM 24-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
+//    - profile PCM 32-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
+//    - profile PCM 32-bit float; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
 //
 // Routes:
 //  "r_submix output" -> "Remote Submix Out"
@@ -337,6 +312,19 @@
 std::unique_ptr<Configuration> getRSubmixConfiguration() {
     static const Configuration configuration = []() {
         Configuration c;
+        const std::vector<AudioProfile> standardPcmAudioProfiles{
+                createProfile(PcmType::FLOAT_32_BIT,
+                              {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO},
+                              {8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000}),
+                createProfile(PcmType::INT_32_BIT,
+                              {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO},
+                              {8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000}),
+                createProfile(PcmType::INT_24_BIT,
+                              {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO},
+                              {8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000}),
+                createProfile(PcmType::INT_16_BIT,
+                              {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO},
+                              {8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000})};
 
         // Device ports
 
@@ -344,28 +332,26 @@
                 createPort(c.nextPortId++, "Remote Submix Out", 0, false,
                            createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::OUT_SUBMIX, 0,
                                            AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_VIRTUAL));
-        rsubmixOutDevice.profiles.push_back(
-                createProfile(PcmType::INT_24_BIT, {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO}, {48000}));
         c.ports.push_back(rsubmixOutDevice);
+        c.connectedProfiles[rsubmixOutDevice.id] = standardPcmAudioProfiles;
 
-        AudioPort rsubmixInDevice = createPort(c.nextPortId++, "Remote Submix In", 0, true,
-                                               createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::IN_SUBMIX, 0));
-        rsubmixInDevice.profiles.push_back(
-                createProfile(PcmType::INT_24_BIT, {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO}, {48000}));
+        AudioPort rsubmixInDevice =
+                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "Remote Submix In", 0, true,
+                           createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::IN_SUBMIX, 0,
+                                           AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_VIRTUAL));
         c.ports.push_back(rsubmixInDevice);
+        c.connectedProfiles[rsubmixInDevice.id] = standardPcmAudioProfiles;
 
         // Mix ports
 
         AudioPort rsubmixOutMix =
                 createPort(c.nextPortId++, "r_submix output", 0, false, createPortMixExt(0, 0));
-        rsubmixOutMix.profiles.push_back(
-                createProfile(PcmType::INT_24_BIT, {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO}, {48000}));
+        rsubmixOutMix.profiles = standardPcmAudioProfiles;
         c.ports.push_back(rsubmixOutMix);
 
         AudioPort rsubmixInMix =
                 createPort(c.nextPortId++, "r_submix input", 0, true, createPortMixExt(0, 0));
-        rsubmixInMix.profiles.push_back(
-                createProfile(PcmType::INT_24_BIT, {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO}, {48000}));
+        rsubmixInMix.profiles = standardPcmAudioProfiles;
         c.ports.push_back(rsubmixInMix);
 
         c.routes.push_back(createRoute({rsubmixOutMix}, rsubmixOutDevice));
@@ -479,14 +465,17 @@
 // Mix ports:
 //  * "test output", 1 max open, 1 max active stream
 //    - profile PCM 24-bit; MONO, STEREO; 8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000
-//  * "compressed offload", DIRECT|COMPRESS_OFFLOAD|NON_BLOCKING, 1 max open, 1 max active stream
+//  * "test fast output", 1 max open, 1 max active stream
+//    - profile PCM 24-bit; STEREO; 44100, 48000
+//  * "test compressed offload", DIRECT|COMPRESS_OFFLOAD|NON_BLOCKING, 1 max open, 1 max active
+//  stream
 //    - profile MP3; MONO, STEREO; 44100, 48000
 //  * "test input", 2 max open, 2 max active streams
 //    - profile PCM 24-bit; MONO, STEREO, FRONT_BACK;
-//        8000, 11025, 12000, 16000, 22050, 24000, 32000, 44100, 48000
+//        8000, 11025, 16000, 22050, 32000, 44100, 48000
 //
 // Routes:
-//  "test output", "compressed offload" -> "Test Out"
+//  "test output", "test fast output", "test compressed offload" -> "Test Out"
 //  "Test In" -> "test input"
 //
 // Initial port configs:
@@ -525,8 +514,15 @@
                               {8000, 11025, 16000, 32000, 44100, 48000}));
         c.ports.push_back(testOutMix);
 
+        AudioPort testFastOutMix = createPort(c.nextPortId++, "test fast output",
+                                              makeBitPositionFlagMask({AudioOutputFlags::FAST}),
+                                              false, createPortMixExt(1, 1));
+        testFastOutMix.profiles.push_back(createProfile(
+                PcmType::INT_24_BIT, {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO}, {44100, 48000}));
+        c.ports.push_back(testFastOutMix);
+
         AudioPort compressedOffloadOutMix =
-                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "compressed offload",
+                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "test compressed offload",
                            makeBitPositionFlagMask({AudioOutputFlags::DIRECT,
                                                     AudioOutputFlags::COMPRESS_OFFLOAD,
                                                     AudioOutputFlags::NON_BLOCKING}),
@@ -543,15 +539,16 @@
                 createProfile(PcmType::INT_16_BIT,
                               {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO,
                                AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_FRONT_BACK},
-                              {8000, 11025, 12000, 16000, 22050, 24000, 32000, 44100, 48000}));
+                              {8000, 11025, 16000, 22050, 32000, 44100, 48000}));
         testInMIx.profiles.push_back(
                 createProfile(PcmType::INT_24_BIT,
                               {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO, AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO,
                                AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_FRONT_BACK},
-                              {8000, 11025, 12000, 16000, 22050, 24000, 32000, 44100, 48000}));
+                              {8000, 11025, 16000, 22050, 32000, 44100, 48000}));
         c.ports.push_back(testInMIx);
 
-        c.routes.push_back(createRoute({testOutMix, compressedOffloadOutMix}, testOutDevice));
+        c.routes.push_back(
+                createRoute({testOutMix, testFastOutMix, compressedOffloadOutMix}, testOutDevice));
         c.routes.push_back(createRoute({testInDevice}, testInMIx));
 
         c.portConfigs.insert(c.portConfigs.end(), c.initialConfigs.begin(), c.initialConfigs.end());
@@ -561,4 +558,94 @@
     return std::make_unique<Configuration>(configuration);
 }
 
+// Bluetooth configuration:
+//
+// Device ports:
+//  * "BT A2DP Out", OUT_DEVICE, CONNECTION_BT_A2DP
+//    - profile PCM 16-bit; STEREO; 44100, 48000, 88200, 96000
+//  * "BT A2DP Headphones", OUT_HEADPHONE, CONNECTION_BT_A2DP
+//    - profile PCM 16-bit; STEREO; 44100, 48000, 88200, 96000
+//  * "BT A2DP Speaker", OUT_SPEAKER, CONNECTION_BT_A2DP
+//    - profile PCM 16-bit; STEREO; 44100, 48000, 88200, 96000
+//  * "BT Hearing Aid Out", OUT_HEARING_AID, CONNECTION_WIRELESS
+//    - no profiles specified
+//
+// Mix ports:
+//  * "a2dp output", 1 max open, 1 max active stream
+//    - no profiles specified
+//  * "hearing aid output", 1 max open, 1 max active stream
+//    - profile PCM 16-bit; STEREO; 16000, 24000
+//
+// Routes:
+//  "a2dp output" -> "BT A2DP Out"
+//  "a2dp output" -> "BT A2DP Headphones"
+//  "a2dp output" -> "BT A2DP Speaker"
+//  "hearing aid output" -> "BT Hearing Aid Out"
+//
+std::unique_ptr<Configuration> getBluetoothConfiguration() {
+    static const Configuration configuration = []() {
+        const std::vector<AudioProfile> standardPcmAudioProfiles = {
+                createProfile(PcmType::INT_16_BIT, {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO},
+                              {44100, 48000, 88200, 96000})};
+        Configuration c;
+
+        // Device ports
+        AudioPort btOutDevice =
+                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "BT A2DP Out", 0, false,
+                           createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::OUT_DEVICE, 0,
+                                           AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_BT_A2DP));
+        btOutDevice.profiles.insert(btOutDevice.profiles.begin(), standardPcmAudioProfiles.begin(),
+                                    standardPcmAudioProfiles.end());
+        c.ports.push_back(btOutDevice);
+        c.connectedProfiles[btOutDevice.id] = standardPcmAudioProfiles;
+
+        AudioPort btOutHeadphone =
+                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "BT A2DP Headphones", 0, false,
+                           createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::OUT_HEADPHONE, 0,
+                                           AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_BT_A2DP));
+        btOutHeadphone.profiles.insert(btOutHeadphone.profiles.begin(),
+                                       standardPcmAudioProfiles.begin(),
+                                       standardPcmAudioProfiles.end());
+        c.ports.push_back(btOutHeadphone);
+        c.connectedProfiles[btOutHeadphone.id] = standardPcmAudioProfiles;
+
+        AudioPort btOutSpeaker =
+                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "BT A2DP Speaker", 0, false,
+                           createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::OUT_SPEAKER, 0,
+                                           AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_BT_A2DP));
+        btOutSpeaker.profiles.insert(btOutSpeaker.profiles.begin(),
+                                     standardPcmAudioProfiles.begin(),
+                                     standardPcmAudioProfiles.end());
+        c.ports.push_back(btOutSpeaker);
+        c.connectedProfiles[btOutSpeaker.id] = standardPcmAudioProfiles;
+
+        AudioPort btOutHearingAid =
+                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "BT Hearing Aid Out", 0, false,
+                           createDeviceExt(AudioDeviceType::OUT_HEARING_AID, 0,
+                                           AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_WIRELESS));
+        c.ports.push_back(btOutHearingAid);
+        c.connectedProfiles[btOutHearingAid.id] = std::vector<AudioProfile>(
+                {createProfile(PcmType::INT_16_BIT, {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO}, {16000})});
+
+        // Mix ports
+        AudioPort btOutMix =
+                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "a2dp output", 0, false, createPortMixExt(1, 1));
+        c.ports.push_back(btOutMix);
+
+        AudioPort btHearingOutMix =
+                createPort(c.nextPortId++, "hearing aid output", 0, false, createPortMixExt(1, 1));
+        btHearingOutMix.profiles.push_back(createProfile(
+                PcmType::INT_16_BIT, {AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO}, {16000, 24000}));
+        c.ports.push_back(btHearingOutMix);
+
+        c.routes.push_back(createRoute({btOutMix}, btOutDevice));
+        c.routes.push_back(createRoute({btOutMix}, btOutHeadphone));
+        c.routes.push_back(createRoute({btOutMix}, btOutSpeaker));
+        c.routes.push_back(createRoute({btHearingOutMix}, btOutHearingAid));
+
+        return c;
+    }();
+    return std::make_unique<Configuration>(configuration);
+}
+
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::internal
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/EffectConfig.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/EffectConfig.cpp
index 730c0bf..4a12f8a 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/EffectConfig.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/EffectConfig.cpp
@@ -196,16 +196,16 @@
     // see list of audio sources in audio_source_t:
     // system/media/audio/include/system/audio_effects/audio_effects_conf.h
     static const std::map<const std::string, AudioSource> sAudioSourceTable = {
-            {MIC_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_CALL},
-            {VOICE_UL_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_CALL},
-            {VOICE_DL_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_CALL},
+            {MIC_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::MIC},
+            {VOICE_UL_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_UPLINK},
+            {VOICE_DL_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_DOWNLINK},
             {VOICE_CALL_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_CALL},
-            {CAMCORDER_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_CALL},
-            {VOICE_REC_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_CALL},
-            {VOICE_COMM_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_CALL},
-            {REMOTE_SUBMIX_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_CALL},
-            {UNPROCESSED_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_CALL},
-            {VOICE_PERFORMANCE_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_CALL}};
+            {CAMCORDER_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::CAMCORDER},
+            {VOICE_REC_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_RECOGNITION},
+            {VOICE_COMM_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_COMMUNICATION},
+            {REMOTE_SUBMIX_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::REMOTE_SUBMIX},
+            {UNPROCESSED_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::UNPROCESSED},
+            {VOICE_PERFORMANCE_SRC_TAG, AudioSource::VOICE_PERFORMANCE}};
 
     if (typeTag == Processing::Type::streamType) {
         auto typeIter = sAudioStreamTypeTable.find(type);
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/Module.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/Module.cpp
index b59bd7c..f81095e 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/Module.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/Module.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <error/expected_utils.h>
 
 #include "core-impl/Module.h"
+#include "core-impl/ModuleBluetooth.h"
 #include "core-impl/ModulePrimary.h"
 #include "core-impl/ModuleRemoteSubmix.h"
 #include "core-impl/ModuleStub.h"
@@ -117,6 +118,8 @@
             return ndk::SharedRefBase::make<ModuleStub>();
         case Type::USB:
             return ndk::SharedRefBase::make<ModuleUsb>();
+        case Type::BLUETOOTH:
+            return ndk::SharedRefBase::make<ModuleBluetooth>();
     }
 }
 
@@ -134,6 +137,9 @@
         case Module::Type::USB:
             os << "usb";
             break;
+        case Module::Type::BLUETOOTH:
+            os << "bluetooth";
+            break;
     }
     return os;
 }
@@ -301,6 +307,9 @@
         case Type::USB:
             config = std::move(internal::getUsbConfiguration());
             break;
+        case Type::BLUETOOTH:
+            config = std::move(internal::getBluetoothConfiguration());
+            break;
     }
     return config;
 }
@@ -1362,4 +1371,13 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
+Module::BtProfileHandles Module::getBtProfileManagerHandles() {
+    return std::make_tuple(std::weak_ptr<IBluetooth>(), std::weak_ptr<IBluetoothA2dp>(),
+                           std::weak_ptr<IBluetoothLe>());
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Module::bluetoothParametersUpdated() {
+    return mStreams.bluetoothParametersUpdated();
+}
+
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/ModulePrimary.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/ModulePrimary.cpp
index 29e8126..9919c7f 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/ModulePrimary.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/ModulePrimary.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
 #include "core-impl/ModulePrimary.h"
-#include "core-impl/StreamStub.h"
+#include "core-impl/StreamPrimary.h"
 #include "core-impl/Telephony.h"
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata;
@@ -47,15 +47,15 @@
                                                     const SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
                                                     const std::vector<MicrophoneInfo>& microphones,
                                                     std::shared_ptr<StreamIn>* result) {
-    return createStreamInstance<StreamInStub>(result, std::move(context), sinkMetadata,
-                                              microphones);
+    return createStreamInstance<StreamInPrimary>(result, std::move(context), sinkMetadata,
+                                                 microphones);
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus ModulePrimary::createOutputStream(
         StreamContext&& context, const SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
         const std::optional<AudioOffloadInfo>& offloadInfo, std::shared_ptr<StreamOut>* result) {
-    return createStreamInstance<StreamOutStub>(result, std::move(context), sourceMetadata,
-                                               offloadInfo);
+    return createStreamInstance<StreamOutPrimary>(result, std::move(context), sourceMetadata,
+                                                  offloadInfo);
 }
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/Stream.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/Stream.cpp
index d2be48c..af89f5f 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/Stream.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/Stream.cpp
@@ -27,12 +27,16 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::AudioOffloadMetadata;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::getChannelCount;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::getFrameSizeInBytes;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::isBitPositionFlagSet;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDualMonoMode;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioInputFlags;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioIoFlags;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioLatencyMode;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOutputFlags;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPlaybackRate;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneDynamicInfo;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo;
@@ -117,7 +121,7 @@
     if (isConnected) {
         reply->observable.frames = mContext->getFrameCount();
         reply->observable.timeNs = ::android::elapsedRealtimeNano();
-        if (auto status = mDriver->getPosition(&reply->observable); status == ::android::OK) {
+        if (auto status = mDriver->refinePosition(&reply->observable); status == ::android::OK) {
             return;
         }
     }
@@ -238,8 +242,8 @@
             break;
         case Tag::standby:
             if (mState == StreamDescriptor::State::IDLE) {
+                populateReply(&reply, mIsConnected);
                 if (::android::status_t status = mDriver->standby(); status == ::android::OK) {
-                    populateReply(&reply, mIsConnected);
                     mState = StreamDescriptor::State::STANDBY;
                 } else {
                     LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": standby failed: " << status;
@@ -492,8 +496,8 @@
             break;
         case Tag::standby:
             if (mState == StreamDescriptor::State::IDLE) {
+                populateReply(&reply, mIsConnected);
                 if (::android::status_t status = mDriver->standby(); status == ::android::OK) {
-                    populateReply(&reply, mIsConnected);
                     mState = StreamDescriptor::State::STANDBY;
                 } else {
                     LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": standby failed: " << status;
@@ -610,8 +614,30 @@
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamCommonImpl::initInstance(
         const std::shared_ptr<StreamCommonInterface>& delegate) {
     mCommon = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<StreamCommonDelegator>(delegate);
-    return mWorker->start() ? ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok()
-                            : ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+    if (!mWorker->start()) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+    }
+    if (auto flags = getContext().getFlags();
+        (flags.getTag() == AudioIoFlags::Tag::input &&
+         isBitPositionFlagSet(flags.template get<AudioIoFlags::Tag::input>(),
+                              AudioInputFlags::FAST)) ||
+        (flags.getTag() == AudioIoFlags::Tag::output &&
+         isBitPositionFlagSet(flags.template get<AudioIoFlags::Tag::output>(),
+                              AudioOutputFlags::FAST))) {
+        // FAST workers should be run with a SCHED_FIFO scheduler, however the host process
+        // might be lacking the capability to request it, thus a failure to set is not an error.
+        pid_t workerTid = mWorker->getTid();
+        if (workerTid > 0) {
+            struct sched_param param;
+            param.sched_priority = 3;  // Must match SchedulingPolicyService.PRIORITY_MAX (Java).
+            if (sched_setscheduler(workerTid, SCHED_FIFO | SCHED_RESET_ON_FORK, &param) != 0) {
+                PLOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": failed to set FIFO scheduler for a fast thread";
+            }
+        } else {
+            LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": invalid worker tid: " << workerTid;
+        }
+    }
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamCommonImpl::getStreamCommonCommon(
@@ -723,6 +749,11 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamCommonImpl::bluetoothParametersUpdated() {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+}
+
 namespace {
 static std::map<AudioDevice, std::string> transformMicrophones(
         const std::vector<MicrophoneInfo>& microphones) {
@@ -734,12 +765,12 @@
 }  // namespace
 
 StreamIn::StreamIn(StreamContext&& context, const std::vector<MicrophoneInfo>& microphones)
-    : mContext(std::move(context)), mMicrophones(transformMicrophones(microphones)) {
+    : mContextInstance(std::move(context)), mMicrophones(transformMicrophones(microphones)) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
 }
 
 void StreamIn::defaultOnClose() {
-    mContext.reset();
+    mContextInstance.reset();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamIn::getActiveMicrophones(
@@ -794,13 +825,39 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
 }
 
+StreamInHwGainHelper::StreamInHwGainHelper(const StreamContext* context)
+    : mChannelCount(getChannelCount(context->getChannelLayout())) {}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamInHwGainHelper::getHwGainImpl(std::vector<float>* _aidl_return) {
+    *_aidl_return = mHwGains;
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": returning " << ::android::internal::ToString(*_aidl_return);
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamInHwGainHelper::setHwGainImpl(const std::vector<float>& in_channelGains) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": gains " << ::android::internal::ToString(in_channelGains);
+    if (in_channelGains.size() != mChannelCount) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__
+                   << ": channel count does not match stream channel count: " << mChannelCount;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    for (float gain : in_channelGains) {
+        if (gain < StreamIn::HW_GAIN_MIN || gain > StreamIn::HW_GAIN_MAX) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": gain value out of range: " << gain;
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+    }
+    mHwGains = in_channelGains;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
 StreamOut::StreamOut(StreamContext&& context, const std::optional<AudioOffloadInfo>& offloadInfo)
-    : mContext(std::move(context)), mOffloadInfo(offloadInfo) {
+    : mContextInstance(std::move(context)), mOffloadInfo(offloadInfo) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
 }
 
 void StreamOut::defaultOnClose() {
-    mContext.reset();
+    mContextInstance.reset();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamOut::updateOffloadMetadata(
@@ -899,4 +956,31 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
 }
 
+StreamOutHwVolumeHelper::StreamOutHwVolumeHelper(const StreamContext* context)
+    : mChannelCount(getChannelCount(context->getChannelLayout())) {}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamOutHwVolumeHelper::getHwVolumeImpl(std::vector<float>* _aidl_return) {
+    *_aidl_return = mHwVolumes;
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": returning " << ::android::internal::ToString(*_aidl_return);
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamOutHwVolumeHelper::setHwVolumeImpl(
+        const std::vector<float>& in_channelVolumes) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": volumes " << ::android::internal::ToString(in_channelVolumes);
+    if (in_channelVolumes.size() != mChannelCount) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__
+                   << ": channel count does not match stream channel count: " << mChannelCount;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    for (float volume : in_channelVolumes) {
+        if (volume < StreamOut::HW_VOLUME_MIN || volume > StreamOut::HW_VOLUME_MAX) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": volume value out of range: " << volume;
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+    }
+    mHwVolumes = in_channelVolumes;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/StreamSwitcher.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/StreamSwitcher.cpp
index 956f413..8ba15a8 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/StreamSwitcher.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/StreamSwitcher.cpp
@@ -31,7 +31,9 @@
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
 
 StreamSwitcher::StreamSwitcher(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata)
-    : mMetadata(metadata), mStream(new InnerStreamWrapper<StreamStub>(context, mMetadata)) {}
+    : mContext(context),
+      mMetadata(metadata),
+      mStream(new InnerStreamWrapper<StreamStub>(context, mMetadata)) {}
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamSwitcher::closeCurrentStream(bool validateStreamState) {
     if (!mStream) return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
@@ -100,6 +102,10 @@
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamSwitcher::addEffect(const std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& in_effect) {
+    if (in_effect == nullptr) {
+        LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": null effect";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
     if (mStream == nullptr) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": stream was closed";
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
@@ -112,15 +118,18 @@
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamSwitcher::removeEffect(const std::shared_ptr<IEffect>& in_effect) {
+    if (in_effect == nullptr) {
+        LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": null effect";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
     if (mStream == nullptr) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": stream was closed";
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
     }
-    for (auto it = mEffects.begin(); it != mEffects.end();) {
+    for (auto it = mEffects.begin(); it != mEffects.end(); ++it) {
         if ((*it)->asBinder() == in_effect->asBinder()) {
-            it = mEffects.erase(it);
-        } else {
-            ++it;
+            mEffects.erase(it);
+            break;
         }
     }
     return !mIsStubStream ? mStream->removeEffect(in_effect) : ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
@@ -191,6 +200,10 @@
         }
         // The delegate is null because StreamSwitcher handles IStreamCommon methods by itself.
         if (ndk::ScopedAStatus status = mStream->initInstance(nullptr); !status.isOk()) {
+            if (mIsStubStream) {
+                LOG(FATAL) << __func__
+                           << ": failed to initialize stub stream: " << status.getDescription();
+            }
             // Need to close the current failed stream, and report an error.
             // Since we can't operate without a stream implementation, put a stub in.
             RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(closeCurrentStream(false /*validateStreamState*/));
@@ -223,8 +236,28 @@
                              << status.getDescription();
             }
         }
+        if (mBluetoothParametersUpdated) {
+            if (auto status = mStream->bluetoothParametersUpdated(); !status.isOk()) {
+                LOG(WARNING) << __func__
+                             << ": error while updating BT parameters for a new stream: "
+                             << status.getDescription();
+            }
+        }
+        mBluetoothParametersUpdated = false;
     }
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamSwitcher::bluetoothParametersUpdated() {
+    if (mStream == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": stream was closed";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+    }
+    if (mIsStubStream) {
+        mBluetoothParametersUpdated = true;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    return mStream->bluetoothParametersUpdated();
+}
+
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/alsa/Mixer.h b/audio/aidl/default/alsa/Mixer.h
index 78728c2..8fba1e0 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/alsa/Mixer.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/alsa/Mixer.h
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
     std::mutex mMixerAccess;
     // The mixer object is owned by ALSA and will be released when the mixer is closed.
     struct mixer* const mMixer;
-    // `mMixerControls` will only be initialized in constructor. After that, it wil only be
+    // `mMixerControls` will only be initialized in constructor. After that, it will only be
     // read but not be modified. Each mixer_ctl object is owned by ALSA, it's life span is
     // the same as of the mixer itself.
     const Controls mMixerControls;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/alsa/StreamAlsa.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/alsa/StreamAlsa.cpp
index 00a7a84..0605d6f 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/alsa/StreamAlsa.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/alsa/StreamAlsa.cpp
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <cmath>
 #include <limits>
 
 #define LOG_TAG "AHAL_StreamAlsa"
@@ -29,7 +30,9 @@
 
 StreamAlsa::StreamAlsa(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata, int readWriteRetries)
     : StreamCommonImpl(context, metadata),
+      mBufferSizeFrames(getContext().getBufferSizeInFrames()),
       mFrameSizeBytes(getContext().getFrameSize()),
+      mSampleRate(getContext().getSampleRate()),
       mIsInput(isInput(metadata)),
       mConfig(alsa::getPcmConfig(getContext(), mIsInput)),
       mReadWriteRetries(readWriteRetries) {}
@@ -39,17 +42,20 @@
 }
 
 ::android::status_t StreamAlsa::drain(StreamDescriptor::DrainMode) {
-    usleep(1000);
+    if (!mIsInput) {
+        static constexpr float kMicrosPerSecond = MICROS_PER_SECOND;
+        const size_t delayUs = static_cast<size_t>(
+                std::roundf(mBufferSizeFrames * kMicrosPerSecond / mSampleRate));
+        usleep(delayUs);
+    }
     return ::android::OK;
 }
 
 ::android::status_t StreamAlsa::flush() {
-    usleep(1000);
     return ::android::OK;
 }
 
 ::android::status_t StreamAlsa::pause() {
-    usleep(1000);
     return ::android::OK;
 }
 
@@ -59,6 +65,10 @@
 }
 
 ::android::status_t StreamAlsa::start() {
+    if (!mAlsaDeviceProxies.empty()) {
+        // This is a resume after a pause.
+        return ::android::OK;
+    }
     decltype(mAlsaDeviceProxies) alsaDeviceProxies;
     for (const auto& device : getDeviceProfiles()) {
         alsa::DeviceProxy proxy;
@@ -71,8 +81,7 @@
                     true /*require_exact_match*/);
         } else {
             proxy = alsa::openProxyForAttachedDevice(
-                    device, const_cast<struct pcm_config*>(&mConfig.value()),
-                    getContext().getBufferSizeInFrames());
+                    device, const_cast<struct pcm_config*>(&mConfig.value()), mBufferSizeFrames);
         }
         if (!proxy) {
             return ::android::NO_INIT;
@@ -85,13 +94,13 @@
 
 ::android::status_t StreamAlsa::transfer(void* buffer, size_t frameCount, size_t* actualFrameCount,
                                          int32_t* latencyMs) {
+    if (mAlsaDeviceProxies.empty()) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << __func__ << ": no opened devices";
+        return ::android::NO_INIT;
+    }
     const size_t bytesToTransfer = frameCount * mFrameSizeBytes;
     unsigned maxLatency = 0;
     if (mIsInput) {
-        if (mAlsaDeviceProxies.empty()) {
-            LOG(FATAL) << __func__ << ": no input devices";
-            return ::android::NO_INIT;
-        }
         // For input case, only support single device.
         proxy_read_with_retries(mAlsaDeviceProxies[0].get(), buffer, bytesToTransfer,
                                 mReadWriteRetries);
@@ -108,11 +117,14 @@
     return ::android::OK;
 }
 
-::android::status_t StreamAlsa::getPosition(StreamDescriptor::Position* position) {
+::android::status_t StreamAlsa::refinePosition(StreamDescriptor::Position* position) {
     if (mAlsaDeviceProxies.empty()) {
-        LOG(FATAL) << __func__ << ": no input devices";
+        LOG(FATAL) << __func__ << ": no opened devices";
         return ::android::NO_INIT;
     }
+    // Since the proxy can only count transferred frames since its creation,
+    // we override its counter value with ours and let it to correct for buffered frames.
+    alsa::resetTransferredFrames(mAlsaDeviceProxies[0], position->frames);
     if (mIsInput) {
         if (int ret = proxy_get_capture_position(mAlsaDeviceProxies[0].get(), &position->frames,
                                                  &position->timeNs);
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/alsa/Utils.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/alsa/Utils.cpp
index 20f7797..9dcd024 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/alsa/Utils.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/alsa/Utils.cpp
@@ -262,12 +262,14 @@
 }
 
 DeviceProxy makeDeviceProxy() {
-    return DeviceProxy(new alsa_device_proxy, [](alsa_device_proxy* proxy) {
+    DeviceProxy proxy(new alsa_device_proxy, [](alsa_device_proxy* proxy) {
         if (proxy != nullptr) {
             proxy_close(proxy);
             delete proxy;
         }
     });
+    memset(proxy.get(), 0, sizeof(alsa_device_proxy));
+    return proxy;
 }
 
 DeviceProxy openProxyForAttachedDevice(const DeviceProfile& deviceProfile,
@@ -334,6 +336,12 @@
     return profile;
 }
 
+void resetTransferredFrames(DeviceProxy& proxy, uint64_t frames) {
+    if (proxy != nullptr) {
+        proxy->transferred = frames;
+    }
+}
+
 AudioFormatDescription c2aidl_pcm_format_AudioFormatDescription(enum pcm_format legacy) {
     return findValueOrDefault(getPcmFormatToAudioFormatDescMap(), legacy, AudioFormatDescription());
 }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/alsa/Utils.h b/audio/aidl/default/alsa/Utils.h
index 615e657..37414b3 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/alsa/Utils.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/alsa/Utils.h
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
 DeviceProxy openProxyForExternalDevice(const DeviceProfile& deviceProfile,
                                        struct pcm_config* pcmConfig, bool requireExactMatch);
 std::optional<alsa_device_profile> readAlsaDeviceInfo(const DeviceProfile& deviceProfile);
+void resetTransferredFrames(DeviceProxy& proxy, uint64_t frames);
 
 ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatDescription
 c2aidl_pcm_format_AudioFormatDescription(enum pcm_format legacy);
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/android.hardware.audio.service-aidl.example.rc b/audio/aidl/default/android.hardware.audio.service-aidl.example.rc
index 2068735..757976f 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/android.hardware.audio.service-aidl.example.rc
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/android.hardware.audio.service-aidl.example.rc
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
     user audioserver
     # media gid needed for /dev/fm (radio) and for /data/misc/media (tee)
     group audio camera drmrpc inet media mediadrm net_bt net_bt_admin net_bw_acct wakelock context_hub
-    capabilities BLOCK_SUSPEND
+    capabilities BLOCK_SUSPEND SYS_NICE
     # setting RLIMIT_RTPRIO allows binder RT priority inheritance
     rlimit rtprio 10 10
     ioprio rt 4
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/android.hardware.audio.service-aidl.xml b/audio/aidl/default/android.hardware.audio.service-aidl.xml
index c9d6314..9db6061 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/android.hardware.audio.service-aidl.xml
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/android.hardware.audio.service-aidl.xml
@@ -22,6 +22,11 @@
   <hal format="aidl">
     <name>android.hardware.audio.core</name>
     <version>1</version>
+    <fqname>IModule/bluetooth</fqname>
+  </hal>
+  <hal format="aidl">
+    <name>android.hardware.audio.core</name>
+    <version>1</version>
     <fqname>IConfig/default</fqname>
   </hal>
 </manifest>
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/DevicePortProxy.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/DevicePortProxy.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..12e204a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/DevicePortProxy.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,577 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_BluetoothPortProxy"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <audio_utils/primitives.h>
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include "core-impl/DevicePortProxy.h"
+
+namespace android::bluetooth::audio::aidl {
+
+namespace {
+
+// The maximum time to wait in std::condition_variable::wait_for()
+constexpr unsigned int kMaxWaitingTimeMs = 4500;
+
+}  // namespace
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::AudioConfiguration;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::BluetoothAudioSessionControl;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::BluetoothAudioStatus;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::ChannelMode;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PortStatusCallbacks;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PresentationPosition;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::SessionType;
+using ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceDescription;
+using ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceType;
+using ::android::base::StringPrintf;
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const BluetoothStreamState& state) {
+    switch (state) {
+        case BluetoothStreamState::DISABLED:
+            return os << "DISABLED";
+        case BluetoothStreamState::STANDBY:
+            return os << "STANDBY";
+        case BluetoothStreamState::STARTING:
+            return os << "STARTING";
+        case BluetoothStreamState::STARTED:
+            return os << "STARTED";
+        case BluetoothStreamState::SUSPENDING:
+            return os << "SUSPENDING";
+        case BluetoothStreamState::UNKNOWN:
+            return os << "UNKNOWN";
+        default:
+            return os << android::base::StringPrintf("%#hhx", state);
+    }
+}
+
+BluetoothAudioPortAidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidl()
+    : mCookie(::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::kObserversCookieUndefined),
+      mState(BluetoothStreamState::DISABLED),
+      mSessionType(SessionType::UNKNOWN) {}
+
+BluetoothAudioPortAidl::~BluetoothAudioPortAidl() {
+    unregisterPort();
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::registerPort(const AudioDeviceDescription& description) {
+    if (inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << debugMessage() << " already in use";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!initSessionType(description)) return false;
+
+    auto control_result_cb = [port = this](uint16_t cookie, bool start_resp,
+                                           const BluetoothAudioStatus& status) {
+        (void)start_resp;
+        port->controlResultHandler(cookie, status);
+    };
+    auto session_changed_cb = [port = this](uint16_t cookie) {
+        port->sessionChangedHandler(cookie);
+    };
+    // TODO: Add audio_config_changed_cb
+    PortStatusCallbacks cbacks = {
+            .control_result_cb_ = control_result_cb,
+            .session_changed_cb_ = session_changed_cb,
+    };
+    mCookie = BluetoothAudioSessionControl::RegisterControlResultCback(mSessionType, cbacks);
+    auto isOk = (mCookie != ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::kObserversCookieUndefined);
+    if (isOk) {
+        std::lock_guard guard(mCvMutex);
+        mState = BluetoothStreamState::STANDBY;
+    }
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << debugMessage();
+    return isOk;
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::initSessionType(const AudioDeviceDescription& description) {
+    if (description.connection == AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_BT_A2DP &&
+        (description.type == AudioDeviceType::OUT_DEVICE ||
+         description.type == AudioDeviceType::OUT_HEADPHONE ||
+         description.type == AudioDeviceType::OUT_SPEAKER)) {
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__
+                     << ": device=AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP (HEADPHONES/SPEAKER) ("
+                     << description.toString() << ")";
+        mSessionType = SessionType::A2DP_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH;
+    } else if (description.connection == AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_WIRELESS &&
+               description.type == AudioDeviceType::OUT_HEARING_AID) {
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << ": device=AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HEARING_AID (MEDIA/VOICE) ("
+                     << description.toString() << ")";
+        mSessionType = SessionType::HEARING_AID_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH;
+    } else if (description.connection == AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_BT_LE &&
+               description.type == AudioDeviceType::OUT_HEADSET) {
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << ": device=AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLE_HEADSET (MEDIA/VOICE) ("
+                     << description.toString() << ")";
+        mSessionType = SessionType::LE_AUDIO_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH;
+    } else if (description.connection == AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_BT_LE &&
+               description.type == AudioDeviceType::OUT_SPEAKER) {
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << ": device=AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLE_SPEAKER (MEDIA) ("
+                     << description.toString() << ")";
+        mSessionType = SessionType::LE_AUDIO_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH;
+    } else if (description.connection == AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_BT_LE &&
+               description.type == AudioDeviceType::IN_HEADSET) {
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << ": device=AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLE_HEADSET (VOICE) ("
+                     << description.toString() << ")";
+        mSessionType = SessionType::LE_AUDIO_SOFTWARE_DECODING_DATAPATH;
+    } else if (description.connection == AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_BT_LE &&
+               description.type == AudioDeviceType::OUT_BROADCAST) {
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << ": device=AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLE_BROADCAST (MEDIA) ("
+                     << description.toString() << ")";
+        mSessionType = SessionType::LE_AUDIO_BROADCAST_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH;
+    } else {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": unknown device=" << description.toString();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!BluetoothAudioSessionControl::IsSessionReady(mSessionType)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": device=" << description.toString()
+                   << ", session_type=" << toString(mSessionType) << " is not ready";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+void BluetoothAudioPortAidl::unregisterPort() {
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return;
+    }
+    BluetoothAudioSessionControl::UnregisterControlResultCback(mSessionType, mCookie);
+    mCookie = ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::kObserversCookieUndefined;
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << debugMessage() << " port unregistered";
+}
+
+void BluetoothAudioPortAidl::controlResultHandler(uint16_t cookie,
+                                                  const BluetoothAudioStatus& status) {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mCvMutex);
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "control_result_cb: BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return;
+    }
+    if (mCookie != cookie) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "control_result_cb: proxy of device port (cookie="
+                   << StringPrintf("%#hx", cookie) << ") is corrupted";
+        return;
+    }
+    BluetoothStreamState previous_state = mState;
+    LOG(INFO) << "control_result_cb:" << debugMessage() << ", previous_state=" << previous_state
+              << ", status=" << toString(status);
+
+    switch (previous_state) {
+        case BluetoothStreamState::STARTED:
+            /* Only Suspend signal can be send in STARTED state*/
+            if (status == BluetoothAudioStatus::RECONFIGURATION ||
+                status == BluetoothAudioStatus::SUCCESS) {
+                mState = BluetoothStreamState::STANDBY;
+            } else {
+                LOG(WARNING) << StringPrintf(
+                        "control_result_cb: status=%s failure for session_type= %s, cookie=%#hx, "
+                        "previous_state=%#hhx",
+                        toString(status).c_str(), toString(mSessionType).c_str(), mCookie,
+                        previous_state);
+            }
+            break;
+        case BluetoothStreamState::STARTING:
+            if (status == BluetoothAudioStatus::SUCCESS) {
+                mState = BluetoothStreamState::STARTED;
+            } else {
+                // Set to standby since the stack may be busy switching between outputs
+                LOG(WARNING) << StringPrintf(
+                        "control_result_cb: status=%s failure for session_type= %s, cookie=%#hx, "
+                        "previous_state=%#hhx",
+                        toString(status).c_str(), toString(mSessionType).c_str(), mCookie,
+                        previous_state);
+                mState = BluetoothStreamState::STANDBY;
+            }
+            break;
+        case BluetoothStreamState::SUSPENDING:
+            if (status == BluetoothAudioStatus::SUCCESS) {
+                mState = BluetoothStreamState::STANDBY;
+            } else {
+                // It will be failed if the headset is disconnecting, and set to disable
+                // to wait for re-init again
+                LOG(WARNING) << StringPrintf(
+                        "control_result_cb: status=%s failure for session_type= %s, cookie=%#hx, "
+                        "previous_state=%#hhx",
+                        toString(status).c_str(), toString(mSessionType).c_str(), mCookie,
+                        previous_state);
+                mState = BluetoothStreamState::DISABLED;
+            }
+            break;
+        default:
+            LOG(ERROR) << "control_result_cb: unexpected previous_state="
+                       << StringPrintf(
+                                  "control_result_cb: status=%s failure for session_type= %s, "
+                                  "cookie=%#hx, previous_state=%#hhx",
+                                  toString(status).c_str(), toString(mSessionType).c_str(), mCookie,
+                                  previous_state);
+            return;
+    }
+    mInternalCv.notify_all();
+}
+
+void BluetoothAudioPortAidl::sessionChangedHandler(uint16_t cookie) {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mCvMutex);
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "session_changed_cb: BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return;
+    }
+    if (mCookie != cookie) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "session_changed_cb: proxy of device port (cookie="
+                   << StringPrintf("%#hx", cookie) << ") is corrupted";
+        return;
+    }
+    BluetoothStreamState previous_state = mState;
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "session_changed_cb:" << debugMessage()
+                 << ", previous_state=" << previous_state;
+    mState = BluetoothStreamState::DISABLED;
+    mInternalCv.notify_all();
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::inUse() const {
+    return (mCookie != ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::kObserversCookieUndefined);
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::getPreferredDataIntervalUs(size_t* interval_us) const {
+    if (!interval_us) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": bad input arg";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const AudioConfiguration& hal_audio_cfg =
+            BluetoothAudioSessionControl::GetAudioConfig(mSessionType);
+    if (hal_audio_cfg.getTag() != AudioConfiguration::pcmConfig) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": unsupported audio cfg tag";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    *interval_us = hal_audio_cfg.get<AudioConfiguration::pcmConfig>().dataIntervalUs;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::loadAudioConfig(PcmConfiguration* audio_cfg) const {
+    if (!audio_cfg) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": bad input arg";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const AudioConfiguration& hal_audio_cfg =
+            BluetoothAudioSessionControl::GetAudioConfig(mSessionType);
+    if (hal_audio_cfg.getTag() != AudioConfiguration::pcmConfig) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": unsupported audio cfg tag";
+        return false;
+    }
+    *audio_cfg = hal_audio_cfg.get<AudioConfiguration::pcmConfig>();
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state*=" << getState() << ", PcmConfig=["
+                 << audio_cfg->toString() << "]";
+    if (audio_cfg->channelMode == ChannelMode::UNKNOWN) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::standby() {
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return false;
+    }
+    std::lock_guard guard(mCvMutex);
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState() << " request";
+    if (mState == BluetoothStreamState::DISABLED) {
+        mState = BluetoothStreamState::STANDBY;
+        LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState() << " done";
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::condWaitState(BluetoothStreamState state) {
+    const auto waitTime = std::chrono::milliseconds(kMaxWaitingTimeMs);
+    std::unique_lock lock(mCvMutex);
+    base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mCvMutex);
+    switch (state) {
+        case BluetoothStreamState::STARTING: {
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << debugMessage() << " waiting for STARTED";
+            mInternalCv.wait_for(lock, waitTime, [this] {
+                base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mCvMutex);
+                return mState != BluetoothStreamState::STARTING;
+            });
+            return mState == BluetoothStreamState::STARTED;
+        }
+        case BluetoothStreamState::SUSPENDING: {
+            LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << debugMessage() << " waiting for SUSPENDED";
+            mInternalCv.wait_for(lock, waitTime, [this] {
+                base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mCvMutex);
+                return mState != BluetoothStreamState::SUSPENDING;
+            });
+            return mState == BluetoothStreamState::STANDBY;
+        }
+        default:
+            LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << debugMessage() << " waiting for KNOWN";
+            return false;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::start() {
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return false;
+    }
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState()
+                 << ", mono=" << (mIsStereoToMono ? "true" : "false") << " request";
+
+    {
+        std::unique_lock lock(mCvMutex);
+        base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mCvMutex);
+        if (mState == BluetoothStreamState::STARTED) {
+            return true;  // nop, return
+        } else if (mState == BluetoothStreamState::SUSPENDING ||
+                   mState == BluetoothStreamState::STARTING) {
+            /* If port is in transient state, give some time to respond */
+            auto state_ = mState;
+            lock.unlock();
+            if (!condWaitState(state_)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState() << " failure";
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool retval = false;
+    {
+        std::unique_lock lock(mCvMutex);
+        base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mCvMutex);
+        if (mState == BluetoothStreamState::STARTED) {
+            retval = true;
+        } else if (mState == BluetoothStreamState::STANDBY) {
+            mState = BluetoothStreamState::STARTING;
+            lock.unlock();
+            if (BluetoothAudioSessionControl::StartStream(mSessionType)) {
+                retval = condWaitState(BluetoothStreamState::STARTING);
+            } else {
+                LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState()
+                           << " Hal fails";
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (retval) {
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState()
+                  << ", mono=" << (mIsStereoToMono ? "true" : "false") << " done";
+    } else {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState() << " failure";
+    }
+
+    return retval;  // false if any failure like timeout
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::suspend() {
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return false;
+    }
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState() << " request";
+
+    {
+        std::unique_lock lock(mCvMutex);
+        base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mCvMutex);
+        if (mState == BluetoothStreamState::STANDBY) {
+            return true;  // nop, return
+        } else if (mState == BluetoothStreamState::SUSPENDING ||
+                   mState == BluetoothStreamState::STARTING) {
+            /* If port is in transient state, give some time to respond */
+            auto state_ = mState;
+            lock.unlock();
+            if (!condWaitState(state_)) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState() << " failure";
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool retval = false;
+    {
+        std::unique_lock lock(mCvMutex);
+        base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mCvMutex);
+        if (mState == BluetoothStreamState::STANDBY) {
+            retval = true;
+        } else if (mState == BluetoothStreamState::STARTED) {
+            mState = BluetoothStreamState::SUSPENDING;
+            lock.unlock();
+            if (BluetoothAudioSessionControl::SuspendStream(mSessionType)) {
+                retval = condWaitState(BluetoothStreamState::SUSPENDING);
+            } else {
+                LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState()
+                           << " Hal fails";
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (retval) {
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState() << " done";
+    } else {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState() << " failure";
+    }
+
+    return retval;  // false if any failure like timeout
+}
+
+void BluetoothAudioPortAidl::stop() {
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return;
+    }
+    std::lock_guard guard(mCvMutex);
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState() << " request";
+    if (mState != BluetoothStreamState::DISABLED) {
+        BluetoothAudioSessionControl::StopStream(mSessionType);
+        mState = BluetoothStreamState::DISABLED;
+    }
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState() << " done";
+}
+
+size_t BluetoothAudioPortAidlOut::writeData(const void* buffer, size_t bytes) const {
+    if (!buffer) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": bad input arg";
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (!mIsStereoToMono) {
+        return BluetoothAudioSessionControl::OutWritePcmData(mSessionType, buffer, bytes);
+    }
+
+    // WAR to mix the stereo into Mono (16 bits per sample)
+    const size_t write_frames = bytes >> 2;
+    if (write_frames == 0) return 0;
+    auto src = static_cast<const int16_t*>(buffer);
+    std::unique_ptr<int16_t[]> dst{new int16_t[write_frames]};
+    downmix_to_mono_i16_from_stereo_i16(dst.get(), src, write_frames);
+    // a frame is 16 bits, and the size of a mono frame is equal to half a stereo.
+    auto totalWrite = BluetoothAudioSessionControl::OutWritePcmData(mSessionType, dst.get(),
+                                                                    write_frames * 2);
+    return totalWrite * 2;
+}
+
+size_t BluetoothAudioPortAidlIn::readData(void* buffer, size_t bytes) const {
+    if (!buffer) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": bad input arg";
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    return BluetoothAudioSessionControl::InReadPcmData(mSessionType, buffer, bytes);
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::getPresentationPosition(
+        PresentationPosition& presentation_position) const {
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return false;
+    }
+    bool retval = BluetoothAudioSessionControl::GetPresentationPosition(mSessionType,
+                                                                        presentation_position);
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState()
+                 << presentation_position.toString();
+
+    return retval;
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::updateSourceMetadata(const SourceMetadata& source_metadata) const {
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return false;
+    }
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState() << ", "
+               << source_metadata.tracks.size() << " track(s)";
+    if (source_metadata.tracks.size() == 0) return true;
+    return BluetoothAudioSessionControl::UpdateSourceMetadata(mSessionType, source_metadata);
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::updateSinkMetadata(const SinkMetadata& sink_metadata) const {
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return false;
+    }
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState() << ", "
+               << sink_metadata.tracks.size() << " track(s)";
+    if (sink_metadata.tracks.size() == 0) return true;
+    return BluetoothAudioSessionControl::UpdateSinkMetadata(mSessionType, sink_metadata);
+}
+
+BluetoothStreamState BluetoothAudioPortAidl::getState() const {
+    return mState;
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::setState(BluetoothStreamState state) {
+    if (!inUse()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
+        return false;
+    }
+    std::lock_guard guard(mCvMutex);
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl old state = " << mState
+               << " new state = " << state;
+    mState = state;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::isA2dp() const {
+    return mSessionType == SessionType::A2DP_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH ||
+           mSessionType == SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_ENCODING_DATAPATH;
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::isLeAudio() const {
+    return mSessionType == SessionType::LE_AUDIO_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH ||
+           mSessionType == SessionType::LE_AUDIO_SOFTWARE_DECODING_DATAPATH ||
+           mSessionType == SessionType::LE_AUDIO_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_ENCODING_DATAPATH ||
+           mSessionType == SessionType::LE_AUDIO_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_DECODING_DATAPATH ||
+           mSessionType == SessionType::LE_AUDIO_BROADCAST_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH ||
+           mSessionType == SessionType::LE_AUDIO_BROADCAST_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_ENCODING_DATAPATH;
+}
+
+std::string BluetoothAudioPortAidl::debugMessage() const {
+    return StringPrintf(": session_type=%s, cookie=%#hx", toString(mSessionType).c_str(), mCookie);
+}
+
+}  // namespace android::bluetooth::audio::aidl
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/ModuleBluetooth.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/ModuleBluetooth.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfe7ca0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/ModuleBluetooth.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_ModuleBluetooth"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include "core-impl/ModuleBluetooth.h"
+#include "core-impl/StreamBluetooth.h"
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo;
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::getBluetoothA2dp(
+        std::shared_ptr<IBluetoothA2dp>* _aidl_return) {
+    if (!mBluetoothA2dp) {
+        auto handle = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<BluetoothA2dp>();
+        handle->registerHandler(std::bind(&ModuleBluetooth::bluetoothParametersUpdated, this));
+        mBluetoothA2dp = handle;
+    }
+    *_aidl_return = mBluetoothA2dp.getInstance();
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": returning instance of IBluetoothA2dp: " << _aidl_return->get();
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::getBluetoothLe(std::shared_ptr<IBluetoothLe>* _aidl_return) {
+    if (!mBluetoothLe) {
+        auto handle = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<BluetoothLe>();
+        handle->registerHandler(std::bind(&ModuleBluetooth::bluetoothParametersUpdated, this));
+        mBluetoothLe = handle;
+    }
+    *_aidl_return = mBluetoothLe.getInstance();
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": returning instance of IBluetoothLe: " << _aidl_return->get();
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+Module::BtProfileHandles ModuleBluetooth::getBtProfileManagerHandles() {
+    return std::make_tuple(std::weak_ptr<IBluetooth>(), mBluetoothA2dp.getInstance(),
+                           mBluetoothLe.getInstance());
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::getMicMute(bool* _aidl_return __unused) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": is not supported";
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::setMicMute(bool in_mute __unused) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": is not supported";
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::createInputStream(
+        StreamContext&& context, const SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
+        const std::vector<MicrophoneInfo>& microphones, std::shared_ptr<StreamIn>* result) {
+    return createStreamInstance<StreamInBluetooth>(result, std::move(context), sinkMetadata,
+                                                   microphones, getBtProfileManagerHandles());
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::createOutputStream(
+        StreamContext&& context, const SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
+        const std::optional<AudioOffloadInfo>& offloadInfo, std::shared_ptr<StreamOut>* result) {
+    return createStreamInstance<StreamOutBluetooth>(result, std::move(context), sourceMetadata,
+                                                    offloadInfo, getBtProfileManagerHandles());
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::onMasterMuteChanged(bool) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": is not supported";
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::onMasterVolumeChanged(float) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": is not supported";
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/StreamBluetooth.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/StreamBluetooth.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91a33c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/StreamBluetooth.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,338 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_StreamBluetooth"
+
+#include <Utils.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <audio_utils/clock.h>
+
+#include "BluetoothAudioSessionControl.h"
+#include "core-impl/StreamBluetooth.h"
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::VendorParameter;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::ChannelMode;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PresentationPosition;
+using ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioChannelLayout;
+using ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice;
+using ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress;
+using ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatDescription;
+using ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatType;
+using ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo;
+using ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneDynamicInfo;
+using ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo;
+using ::android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidl;
+using ::android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidlIn;
+using ::android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidlOut;
+using ::android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothStreamState;
+
+constexpr int kBluetoothDefaultInputBufferMs = 20;
+constexpr int kBluetoothDefaultOutputBufferMs = 10;
+// constexpr int kBluetoothSpatializerOutputBufferMs = 10;
+
+size_t getFrameCount(uint64_t durationUs, uint32_t sampleRate) {
+    return (durationUs * sampleRate) / 1000000;
+}
+
+// pcm configuration params are not really used by the module
+StreamBluetooth::StreamBluetooth(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata,
+                                 Module::BtProfileHandles&& btHandles)
+    : StreamCommonImpl(context, metadata),
+      mSampleRate(getContext().getSampleRate()),
+      mChannelLayout(getContext().getChannelLayout()),
+      mFormat(getContext().getFormat()),
+      mFrameSizeBytes(getContext().getFrameSize()),
+      mIsInput(isInput(metadata)),
+      mBluetoothA2dp(std::move(std::get<Module::BtInterface::BTA2DP>(btHandles))),
+      mBluetoothLe(std::move(std::get<Module::BtInterface::BTLE>(btHandles))) {
+    mPreferredDataIntervalUs =
+            mIsInput ? kBluetoothDefaultInputBufferMs : kBluetoothDefaultOutputBufferMs;
+    mPreferredFrameCount = getFrameCount(mPreferredDataIntervalUs, mSampleRate);
+    mIsInitialized = false;
+    mIsReadyToClose = false;
+}
+
+::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::init() {
+    return ::android::OK;  // defering this till we get AudioDeviceDescription
+}
+
+const StreamCommonInterface::ConnectedDevices& StreamBluetooth::getConnectedDevices() const {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
+    return StreamCommonImpl::getConnectedDevices();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamBluetooth::setConnectedDevices(
+        const std::vector<AudioDevice>& connectedDevices) {
+    if (mIsInput && connectedDevices.size() > 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": wrong device size(" << connectedDevices.size()
+                   << ") for input stream";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    }
+    for (const auto& connectedDevice : connectedDevices) {
+        if (connectedDevice.address.getTag() != AudioDeviceAddress::mac) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": bad device address" << connectedDevice.address.toString();
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+    }
+    std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
+    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(StreamCommonImpl::setConnectedDevices(connectedDevices));
+    mIsInitialized = false;  // updated connected device list, need initialization
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::drain(StreamDescriptor::DrainMode) {
+    usleep(1000);
+    return ::android::OK;
+}
+
+::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::flush() {
+    usleep(1000);
+    return ::android::OK;
+}
+
+::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::pause() {
+    return standby();
+}
+
+::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::transfer(void* buffer, size_t frameCount,
+                                              size_t* actualFrameCount, int32_t* latencyMs) {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
+    if (!mIsInitialized || mIsReadyToClose) {
+        // 'setConnectedDevices' has been called or stream is ready to close, so no transfers
+        *actualFrameCount = 0;
+        *latencyMs = StreamDescriptor::LATENCY_UNKNOWN;
+        return ::android::OK;
+    }
+    *actualFrameCount = 0;
+    *latencyMs = 0;
+    for (auto proxy : mBtDeviceProxies) {
+        if (!proxy->start()) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": state = " << proxy->getState() << " failed to start ";
+            return -EIO;
+        }
+        const size_t fc = std::min(frameCount, mPreferredFrameCount);
+        const size_t bytesToTransfer = fc * mFrameSizeBytes;
+        if (mIsInput) {
+            const size_t totalRead = proxy->readData(buffer, bytesToTransfer);
+            *actualFrameCount = std::max(*actualFrameCount, totalRead / mFrameSizeBytes);
+        } else {
+            const size_t totalWrite = proxy->writeData(buffer, bytesToTransfer);
+            *actualFrameCount = std::max(*actualFrameCount, totalWrite / mFrameSizeBytes);
+        }
+        PresentationPosition presentation_position;
+        if (!proxy->getPresentationPosition(presentation_position)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": getPresentationPosition returned error ";
+            return ::android::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+        }
+        *latencyMs =
+                std::max(*latencyMs, (int32_t)(presentation_position.remoteDeviceAudioDelayNanos /
+                                               NANOS_PER_MILLISECOND));
+    }
+    return ::android::OK;
+}
+
+::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::initialize() {
+    if (!::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::BluetoothAudioSession::IsAidlAvailable()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": IBluetoothAudioProviderFactory service not available";
+        return ::android::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+    }
+    if (StreamCommonImpl::getConnectedDevices().empty()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ", has no connected devices";
+        return ::android::NO_INIT;
+    }
+    // unregister older proxies (if any)
+    for (auto proxy : mBtDeviceProxies) {
+        proxy->stop();
+        proxy->unregisterPort();
+    }
+    mBtDeviceProxies.clear();
+    for (auto it = StreamCommonImpl::getConnectedDevices().begin();
+         it != StreamCommonImpl::getConnectedDevices().end(); ++it) {
+        std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl> proxy =
+                mIsInput ? std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl>(
+                                   std::make_shared<BluetoothAudioPortAidlIn>())
+                         : std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl>(
+                                   std::make_shared<BluetoothAudioPortAidlOut>());
+        if (proxy->registerPort(it->type)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": cannot init HAL";
+            return ::android::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+        }
+        PcmConfiguration config;
+        if (!proxy->loadAudioConfig(&config)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": state=" << proxy->getState()
+                       << " failed to get audio config";
+            return ::android::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+        }
+        // TODO: Ensure minimum duration for spatialized output?
+        // WAR to support Mono / 16 bits per sample as the Bluetooth stack required
+        if (!mIsInput && config.channelMode == ChannelMode::MONO && config.bitsPerSample == 16) {
+            proxy->forcePcmStereoToMono(true);
+            config.channelMode = ChannelMode::STEREO;
+            LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": force channels = to be AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO";
+        }
+        if (!checkConfigParams(config)) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << " checkConfigParams failed";
+            return ::android::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+        }
+        mBtDeviceProxies.push_back(std::move(proxy));
+    }
+    mIsInitialized = true;
+    return ::android::OK;
+}
+
+bool StreamBluetooth::checkConfigParams(
+        ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration& config) {
+    if ((int)mSampleRate != config.sampleRateHz) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Sample Rate mismatch, stream val = " << mSampleRate
+                   << " hal val = " << config.sampleRateHz;
+        return false;
+    }
+    auto channelCount = aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::getChannelCount(mChannelLayout);
+    if ((config.channelMode == ChannelMode::MONO && channelCount != 1) ||
+        (config.channelMode == ChannelMode::STEREO && channelCount != 2)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Channel count mismatch, stream val = " << channelCount
+                   << " hal val = " << toString(config.channelMode);
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (mFormat.type != AudioFormatType::PCM) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": unexpected format type "
+                   << aidl::android::media::audio::common::toString(mFormat.type);
+        return false;
+    }
+    int8_t bps = aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::getPcmSampleSizeInBytes(mFormat.pcm) * 8;
+    if (bps != config.bitsPerSample) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": bits per sample mismatch, stream val = " << bps
+                   << " hal val = " << config.bitsPerSample;
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (config.dataIntervalUs > 0) {
+        mPreferredDataIntervalUs =
+                std::min((int32_t)mPreferredDataIntervalUs, config.dataIntervalUs);
+        mPreferredFrameCount = getFrameCount(mPreferredDataIntervalUs, mSampleRate);
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamBluetooth::prepareToClose() {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
+    mIsReadyToClose = true;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::standby() {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
+    if (!mIsInitialized) {
+        if (auto status = initialize(); status != ::android::OK) return status;
+    }
+    for (auto proxy : mBtDeviceProxies) {
+        if (!proxy->suspend()) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": state = " << proxy->getState() << " failed to stand by ";
+            return -EIO;
+        }
+    }
+    return ::android::OK;
+}
+
+::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::start() {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
+    if (!mIsInitialized) return initialize();
+    return ::android::OK;
+}
+
+void StreamBluetooth::shutdown() {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
+    for (auto proxy : mBtDeviceProxies) {
+        proxy->stop();
+        proxy->unregisterPort();
+    }
+    mBtDeviceProxies.clear();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamBluetooth::updateMetadataCommon(const Metadata& metadata) {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
+    if (!mIsInitialized) return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    bool isOk = true;
+    if (isInput(metadata)) {
+        isOk = mBtDeviceProxies[0]->updateSinkMetadata(std::get<SinkMetadata>(metadata));
+    } else {
+        for (auto proxy : mBtDeviceProxies) {
+            if (!proxy->updateSourceMetadata(std::get<SourceMetadata>(metadata))) isOk = false;
+        }
+    }
+    return isOk ? ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok()
+                : ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamBluetooth::bluetoothParametersUpdated() {
+    if (mIsInput) {
+        LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": not handled";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    auto applyParam = [](const std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl>& proxy,
+                         bool isEnabled) -> bool {
+        if (!isEnabled) {
+            if (proxy->suspend()) return proxy->setState(BluetoothStreamState::DISABLED);
+            return false;
+        }
+        return proxy->standby();
+    };
+    bool hasA2dpParam, enableA2dp;
+    auto btA2dp = mBluetoothA2dp.lock();
+    hasA2dpParam = btA2dp != nullptr && btA2dp->isEnabled(&enableA2dp).isOk();
+    bool hasLeParam, enableLe;
+    auto btLe = mBluetoothLe.lock();
+    hasLeParam = btLe != nullptr && btLe->isEnabled(&enableLe).isOk();
+    std::unique_lock lock(mLock);
+    ::android::base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mLock);
+    if (!mIsInitialized) {
+        LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": init not done";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+    }
+    for (auto proxy : mBtDeviceProxies) {
+        if ((hasA2dpParam && proxy->isA2dp() && !applyParam(proxy, enableA2dp)) ||
+            (hasLeParam && proxy->isLeAudio() && !applyParam(proxy, enableLe))) {
+            LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": applyParam failed";
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+        }
+    }
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+StreamInBluetooth::StreamInBluetooth(StreamContext&& context, const SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
+                                     const std::vector<MicrophoneInfo>& microphones,
+                                     Module::BtProfileHandles&& btProfileHandles)
+    : StreamIn(std::move(context), microphones),
+      StreamBluetooth(&mContextInstance, sinkMetadata, std::move(btProfileHandles)) {}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamInBluetooth::getActiveMicrophones(
+        std::vector<MicrophoneDynamicInfo>* _aidl_return __unused) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": not supported";
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+}
+
+StreamOutBluetooth::StreamOutBluetooth(StreamContext&& context,
+                                       const SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
+                                       const std::optional<AudioOffloadInfo>& offloadInfo,
+                                       Module::BtProfileHandles&& btProfileHandles)
+    : StreamOut(std::move(context), offloadInfo),
+      StreamBluetooth(&mContextInstance, sourceMetadata, std::move(btProfileHandles)) {}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/config/audioPolicy/engine/api/current.txt b/audio/aidl/default/config/audioPolicy/engine/api/current.txt
index 59574f3..063b05d 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/config/audioPolicy/engine/api/current.txt
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/config/audioPolicy/engine/api/current.txt
@@ -209,11 +209,13 @@
   public enum UsageEnumType {
     method @NonNull public String getRawName();
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ALARM;
+    enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ANNOUNCEMENT;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_ACCESSIBILITY;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_NAVIGATION_GUIDANCE;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_SONIFICATION;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_CALL_ASSISTANT;
+    enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_EMERGENCY;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_GAME;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION;
@@ -222,7 +224,9 @@
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_COMMUNICATION_REQUEST;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_EVENT;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_TELEPHONY_RINGTONE;
+    enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_SAFETY;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_UNKNOWN;
+    enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VEHICLE_STATUS;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION;
     enum_constant public static final android.audio.policy.engine.configuration.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION_SIGNALLING;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/config/audioPolicy/engine/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd b/audio/aidl/default/config/audioPolicy/engine/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd
index b58a6c8..40396bb 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/config/audioPolicy/engine/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/config/audioPolicy/engine/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd
@@ -359,6 +359,10 @@
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_CALL_ASSISTANT"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_EMERGENCY" />
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_SAFETY" />
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_VEHICLE_STATUS" />
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ANNOUNCEMENT" />
         </xs:restriction>
     </xs:simpleType>
 
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Bluetooth.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Bluetooth.h
index 10e9045..44899bc 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Bluetooth.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Bluetooth.h
@@ -22,6 +22,15 @@
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
 
+class ParamChangeHandler {
+  public:
+    ParamChangeHandler() = default;
+    void registerHandler(std::function<ndk::ScopedAStatus()> handler) { mHandler = handler; }
+
+  protected:
+    std::function<ndk::ScopedAStatus()> mHandler = nullptr;
+};
+
 class Bluetooth : public BnBluetooth {
   public:
     Bluetooth();
@@ -34,7 +43,7 @@
     HfpConfig mHfpConfig;
 };
 
-class BluetoothA2dp : public BnBluetoothA2dp {
+class BluetoothA2dp : public BnBluetoothA2dp, public ParamChangeHandler {
   public:
     BluetoothA2dp() = default;
 
@@ -49,7 +58,7 @@
     bool mEnabled = false;
 };
 
-class BluetoothLe : public BnBluetoothLe {
+class BluetoothLe : public BnBluetoothLe, public ParamChangeHandler {
   public:
     BluetoothLe() = default;
 
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Configuration.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Configuration.h
index 25bf7af..6277c38 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Configuration.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Configuration.h
@@ -47,5 +47,6 @@
 std::unique_ptr<Configuration> getRSubmixConfiguration();
 std::unique_ptr<Configuration> getStubConfiguration();
 std::unique_ptr<Configuration> getUsbConfiguration();
+std::unique_ptr<Configuration> getBluetoothConfiguration();
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::internal
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/DevicePortProxy.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/DevicePortProxy.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13b8c91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/DevicePortProxy.h
@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <mutex>
+
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/common/SinkMetadata.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/common/SourceMetadata.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/bluetooth/audio/BluetoothAudioStatus.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/bluetooth/audio/PcmConfiguration.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/bluetooth/audio/SessionType.h>
+#include <aidl/android/media/audio/common/AudioDeviceDescription.h>
+
+#include "BluetoothAudioSessionControl.h"
+
+namespace android::bluetooth::audio::aidl {
+
+enum class BluetoothStreamState : uint8_t {
+    DISABLED = 0,  // This stream is closing or Bluetooth profiles (A2DP/LE) is disabled
+    STANDBY,
+    STARTING,
+    STARTED,
+    SUSPENDING,
+    UNKNOWN,
+};
+
+std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const BluetoothStreamState& state);
+
+/**
+ * Proxy for Bluetooth Audio HW Module to communicate with Bluetooth Audio
+ * Session Control. All methods are not thread safe, so users must acquire a
+ * lock. Note: currently, getState() of DevicePortProxy is only used for
+ * verbose logging, it is not locked, so the state may not be synchronized.
+ */
+class BluetoothAudioPort {
+  public:
+    BluetoothAudioPort() = default;
+    virtual ~BluetoothAudioPort() = default;
+
+    /**
+     * Fetch output control / data path of BluetoothAudioPort and setup
+     * callbacks into BluetoothAudioProvider. If registerPort() returns false, the audio
+     * HAL must delete this BluetoothAudioPort and return EINVAL to caller
+     */
+    virtual bool registerPort(
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceDescription&) = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Unregister this BluetoothAudioPort from BluetoothAudioSessionControl.
+     * Audio HAL must delete this BluetoothAudioPort after calling this.
+     */
+    virtual void unregisterPort() = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * When the Audio framework / HAL tries to query audio config about format,
+     * channel mask and sample rate, it uses this function to fetch from the
+     * Bluetooth stack
+     */
+    virtual bool loadAudioConfig(
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration*) const = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * WAR to support Mono mode / 16 bits per sample
+     */
+    virtual void forcePcmStereoToMono(bool) = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * When the Audio framework / HAL wants to change the stream state, it invokes
+     * these 4 functions to control the Bluetooth stack (Audio Control Path).
+     * Note: standby(), start() and suspend() will return true when there are no errors.
+
+     * Called by Audio framework / HAL to change the state to stand by. When A2DP/LE profile is
+     * disabled, the port is first set to STANDBY by calling suspend and then mState is set to
+     * DISABLED. To reset the state back to STANDBY this method is called.
+     */
+    virtual bool standby() = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Called by Audio framework / HAL to start the stream
+     */
+    virtual bool start() = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Called by Audio framework / HAL to suspend the stream
+     */
+    virtual bool suspend() = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Called by Audio framework / HAL to stop the stream
+     */
+    virtual void stop() = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Called by the Audio framework / HAL to fetch information about audio frames
+     * presented to an external sink, or frames presented fror an internal sink
+     */
+    virtual bool getPresentationPosition(
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PresentationPosition&) const = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Called by the Audio framework / HAL when the metadata of the stream's
+     * source has been changed.
+     */
+    virtual bool updateSourceMetadata(
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata&) const {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called by the Audio framework / HAL when the metadata of the stream's
+     * sink has been changed.
+     */
+    virtual bool updateSinkMetadata(
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata&) const {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Return the current BluetoothStreamState
+     */
+    virtual BluetoothStreamState getState() const = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Set the current BluetoothStreamState
+     */
+    virtual bool setState(BluetoothStreamState) = 0;
+
+    virtual bool isA2dp() const = 0;
+
+    virtual bool isLeAudio() const = 0;
+
+    virtual bool getPreferredDataIntervalUs(size_t*) const = 0;
+
+    virtual size_t writeData(const void*, size_t) const { return 0; }
+
+    virtual size_t readData(void*, size_t) const { return 0; }
+};
+
+class BluetoothAudioPortAidl : public BluetoothAudioPort {
+  public:
+    BluetoothAudioPortAidl();
+    virtual ~BluetoothAudioPortAidl();
+
+    bool registerPort(const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceDescription&
+                              description) override;
+
+    void unregisterPort() override;
+
+    bool loadAudioConfig(::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration* audio_cfg)
+            const override;
+
+    void forcePcmStereoToMono(bool force) override { mIsStereoToMono = force; }
+
+    bool standby() override;
+    bool start() override;
+    bool suspend() override;
+    void stop() override;
+
+    bool getPresentationPosition(::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PresentationPosition&
+                                         presentation_position) const override;
+
+    bool updateSourceMetadata(const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata&
+                                      sourceMetadata) const override;
+
+    bool updateSinkMetadata(const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata&
+                                    sinkMetadata) const override;
+
+    /**
+     * Return the current BluetoothStreamState
+     * Note: This method is used for logging, does not lock, so value returned may not be latest
+     */
+    BluetoothStreamState getState() const override NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS;
+
+    bool setState(BluetoothStreamState state) override;
+
+    bool isA2dp() const override;
+
+    bool isLeAudio() const override;
+
+    bool getPreferredDataIntervalUs(size_t* interval_us) const override;
+
+  protected:
+    uint16_t mCookie;
+    BluetoothStreamState mState GUARDED_BY(mCvMutex);
+    ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::SessionType mSessionType;
+    // WR to support Mono: True if fetching Stereo and mixing into Mono
+    bool mIsStereoToMono = false;
+
+    bool inUse() const;
+
+    std::string debugMessage() const;
+
+  private:
+    // start()/suspend() report state change status via callback. Wait until kMaxWaitingTimeMs or a
+    // state change after a call to start()/suspend() and analyse the returned status. Below mutex,
+    // conditional variable serves this purpose.
+    mutable std::mutex mCvMutex;
+    std::condition_variable mInternalCv GUARDED_BY(mCvMutex);
+
+    // Check and initialize session type for |devices| If failed, this
+    // BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not initialized and must be deleted.
+    bool initSessionType(
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceDescription& description);
+
+    bool condWaitState(BluetoothStreamState state);
+
+    void controlResultHandler(
+            uint16_t cookie,
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::BluetoothAudioStatus& status);
+    void sessionChangedHandler(uint16_t cookie);
+};
+
+class BluetoothAudioPortAidlOut : public BluetoothAudioPortAidl {
+  public:
+    // The audio data path to the Bluetooth stack (Software encoding)
+    size_t writeData(const void* buffer, size_t bytes) const override;
+};
+
+class BluetoothAudioPortAidlIn : public BluetoothAudioPortAidl {
+  public:
+    // The audio data path from the Bluetooth stack (Software decoded)
+    size_t readData(void* buffer, size_t bytes) const override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace android::bluetooth::audio::aidl
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Module.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Module.h
index 539221d..fb3eef2 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Module.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Module.h
@@ -33,12 +33,17 @@
   public:
     // This value is used for all AudioPatches and reported by all streams.
     static constexpr int32_t kLatencyMs = 10;
-    enum Type : int { DEFAULT, R_SUBMIX, STUB, USB };
+    enum Type : int { DEFAULT, R_SUBMIX, STUB, USB, BLUETOOTH };
+    enum BtInterface : int { BTCONF, BTA2DP, BTLE };
 
     static std::shared_ptr<Module> createInstance(Type type);
 
     explicit Module(Type type) : mType(type) {}
 
+    typedef std::tuple<std::weak_ptr<IBluetooth>, std::weak_ptr<IBluetoothA2dp>,
+                       std::weak_ptr<IBluetoothLe>>
+            BtProfileHandles;
+
   protected:
     // The vendor extension done via inheritance can override interface methods and augment
     // a call to the base implementation.
@@ -185,6 +190,7 @@
     virtual std::unique_ptr<internal::Configuration> initializeConfig();
 
     // Utility and helper functions accessible to subclasses.
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus bluetoothParametersUpdated();
     void cleanUpPatch(int32_t patchId);
     ndk::ScopedAStatus createStreamContext(
             int32_t in_portConfigId, int64_t in_bufferSizeFrames,
@@ -196,6 +202,7 @@
     std::set<int32_t> findConnectedPortConfigIds(int32_t portConfigId);
     ndk::ScopedAStatus findPortIdForNewStream(
             int32_t in_portConfigId, ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort** port);
+    virtual BtProfileHandles getBtProfileManagerHandles();
     internal::Configuration& getConfig();
     const ConnectedDevicePorts& getConnectedDevicePorts() const { return mConnectedDevicePorts; }
     bool getMasterMute() const { return mMasterMute; }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleBluetooth.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleBluetooth.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68b4e6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleBluetooth.h
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "core-impl/Bluetooth.h"
+#include "core-impl/Module.h"
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
+
+class ModuleBluetooth final : public Module {
+  public:
+    ModuleBluetooth() : Module(Type::BLUETOOTH) {}
+
+  private:
+    BtProfileHandles getBtProfileManagerHandles() override;
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getBluetoothA2dp(std::shared_ptr<IBluetoothA2dp>* _aidl_return) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getBluetoothLe(std::shared_ptr<IBluetoothLe>* _aidl_return) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getMicMute(bool* _aidl_return) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setMicMute(bool in_mute) override;
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus createInputStream(
+            StreamContext&& context,
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo>& microphones,
+            std::shared_ptr<StreamIn>* result) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus createOutputStream(
+            StreamContext&& context,
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
+            const std::optional<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo>&
+                    offloadInfo,
+            std::shared_ptr<StreamOut>* result) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus onMasterMuteChanged(bool mute) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus onMasterVolumeChanged(float volume) override;
+
+    ChildInterface<IBluetoothA2dp> mBluetoothA2dp;
+    ChildInterface<IBluetoothLe> mBluetoothLe;
+};
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleRemoteSubmix.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleRemoteSubmix.h
index e87be3d..c4bf7b9 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleRemoteSubmix.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleRemoteSubmix.h
@@ -26,8 +26,6 @@
 
   private:
     // IModule interfaces
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus getTelephony(std::shared_ptr<ITelephony>* _aidl_return) override;
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus getBluetooth(std::shared_ptr<IBluetooth>* _aidl_return) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getMicMute(bool* _aidl_return) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus setMicMute(bool in_mute) override;
 
@@ -49,9 +47,6 @@
             const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig*>& sources,
             const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig*>& sinks)
             override;
-    void onExternalDeviceConnectionChanged(
-            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort& audioPort,
-            bool connected) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus onMasterMuteChanged(bool mute) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus onMasterVolumeChanged(float volume) override;
 };
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Stream.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Stream.h
index fa2b760..a02655f 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Stream.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Stream.h
@@ -195,10 +195,10 @@
     virtual ::android::status_t start() = 0;
     virtual ::android::status_t transfer(void* buffer, size_t frameCount, size_t* actualFrameCount,
                                          int32_t* latencyMs) = 0;
-    // No need to implement 'getPosition' unless the driver can provide more precise
+    // No need to implement 'refinePosition' unless the driver can provide more precise
     // data than just total frame count. For example, the driver may correctly account
     // for any intermediate buffers.
-    virtual ::android::status_t getPosition(StreamDescriptor::Position* /*position*/) {
+    virtual ::android::status_t refinePosition(StreamDescriptor::Position* /*position*/) {
         return ::android::OK;
     }
     virtual void shutdown() = 0;  // This function is only called once.
@@ -262,6 +262,7 @@
     virtual void setIsConnected(bool isConnected) = 0;
     virtual StreamDescriptor::State setClosed() = 0;
     virtual bool start() = 0;
+    virtual pid_t getTid() = 0;
     virtual void stop() = 0;
 };
 
@@ -277,8 +278,10 @@
     void setIsConnected(bool isConnected) override { WorkerImpl::setIsConnected(isConnected); }
     StreamDescriptor::State setClosed() override { return WorkerImpl::setClosed(); }
     bool start() override {
-        return WorkerImpl::start(WorkerImpl::kThreadName, ANDROID_PRIORITY_AUDIO);
+        // This is an "audio service thread," must have elevated priority.
+        return WorkerImpl::start(WorkerImpl::kThreadName, ANDROID_PRIORITY_URGENT_AUDIO);
     }
+    pid_t getTid() override { return WorkerImpl::getTid(); }
     void stop() override { return WorkerImpl::stop(); }
 };
 
@@ -354,6 +357,7 @@
     virtual const ConnectedDevices& getConnectedDevices() const = 0;
     virtual ndk::ScopedAStatus setConnectedDevices(
             const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices) = 0;
+    virtual ndk::ScopedAStatus bluetoothParametersUpdated() = 0;
 };
 
 // This is equivalent to automatically generated 'IStreamCommonDelegator' but uses
@@ -454,6 +458,7 @@
     ndk::ScopedAStatus setConnectedDevices(
             const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices)
             override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus bluetoothParametersUpdated() override;
 
   protected:
     static StreamWorkerInterface::CreateInstance getDefaultInWorkerCreator() {
@@ -505,10 +510,21 @@
     StreamIn(StreamContext&& context,
              const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo>& microphones);
 
-    StreamContext mContext;
+    StreamContext mContextInstance;
     const std::map<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice, std::string> mMicrophones;
 };
 
+class StreamInHwGainHelper {
+  protected:
+    explicit StreamInHwGainHelper(const StreamContext* context);
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getHwGainImpl(std::vector<float>* _aidl_return);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setHwGainImpl(const std::vector<float>& in_channelGains);
+
+    const size_t mChannelCount;
+    std::vector<float> mHwGains;
+};
+
 class StreamOut : virtual public StreamCommonInterface, public BnStreamOut {
   protected:
     void defaultOnClose();
@@ -550,11 +566,22 @@
               const std::optional<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo>&
                       offloadInfo);
 
-    StreamContext mContext;
+    StreamContext mContextInstance;
     const std::optional<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo> mOffloadInfo;
     std::optional<::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::AudioOffloadMetadata> mOffloadMetadata;
 };
 
+class StreamOutHwVolumeHelper {
+  protected:
+    explicit StreamOutHwVolumeHelper(const StreamContext* context);
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getHwVolumeImpl(std::vector<float>* _aidl_return);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setHwVolumeImpl(const std::vector<float>& in_channelVolumes);
+
+    const size_t mChannelCount;
+    std::vector<float> mHwVolumes;
+};
+
 // The recommended way to create a stream instance.
 // 'StreamImpl' is the concrete stream implementation, 'StreamInOrOut' is either 'StreamIn' or
 // 'StreamOut', the rest are the arguments forwarded to the constructor of 'StreamImpl'.
@@ -584,6 +611,11 @@
         if (s) return s->setConnectedDevices(devices);
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
     }
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus bluetoothParametersUpdated() {
+        auto s = mStream.lock();
+        if (s) return s->bluetoothParametersUpdated();
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
 
   private:
     std::weak_ptr<StreamCommonInterface> mStream;
@@ -612,6 +644,14 @@
         }
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
     }
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus bluetoothParametersUpdated() {
+        bool isOk = true;
+        for (auto& it : mStreams) {
+            if (!it.second.bluetoothParametersUpdated().isOk()) isOk = false;
+        }
+        return isOk ? ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok()
+                    : ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    }
 
   private:
     // Maps port ids and port config ids to streams. Multimap because a port
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamAlsa.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamAlsa.h
index f98a922..2c3b284 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamAlsa.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamAlsa.h
@@ -41,14 +41,16 @@
     ::android::status_t start() override;
     ::android::status_t transfer(void* buffer, size_t frameCount, size_t* actualFrameCount,
                                  int32_t* latencyMs) override;
-    ::android::status_t getPosition(StreamDescriptor::Position* position) override;
+    ::android::status_t refinePosition(StreamDescriptor::Position* position) override;
     void shutdown() override;
 
   protected:
     // Called from 'start' to initialize 'mAlsaDeviceProxies', the vector must be non-empty.
     virtual std::vector<alsa::DeviceProfile> getDeviceProfiles() = 0;
 
+    const size_t mBufferSizeFrames;
     const size_t mFrameSizeBytes;
+    const int mSampleRate;
     const bool mIsInput;
     const std::optional<struct pcm_config> mConfig;
     const int mReadWriteRetries;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamBluetooth.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamBluetooth.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c2f8c1d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamBluetooth.h
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <mutex>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IBluetooth.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IBluetoothA2dp.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IBluetoothLe.h>
+
+#include "core-impl/DevicePortProxy.h"
+#include "core-impl/Module.h"
+#include "core-impl/Stream.h"
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
+
+class StreamBluetooth : public StreamCommonImpl {
+  public:
+    StreamBluetooth(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata,
+                    Module::BtProfileHandles&& btHandles);
+    // Methods of 'DriverInterface'.
+    ::android::status_t init() override;
+    ::android::status_t drain(StreamDescriptor::DrainMode) override;
+    ::android::status_t flush() override;
+    ::android::status_t pause() override;
+    ::android::status_t standby() override;
+    ::android::status_t start() override;
+    ::android::status_t transfer(void* buffer, size_t frameCount, size_t* actualFrameCount,
+                                 int32_t* latencyMs) override;
+    void shutdown() override;
+
+    // Overridden methods of 'StreamCommonImpl', called on a Binder thread.
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus updateMetadataCommon(const Metadata& metadata) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus prepareToClose() override;
+    const ConnectedDevices& getConnectedDevices() const override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setConnectedDevices(const ConnectedDevices& devices) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus bluetoothParametersUpdated() override;
+
+  private:
+    // Audio Pcm Config
+    const uint32_t mSampleRate;
+    const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioChannelLayout mChannelLayout;
+    const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatDescription mFormat;
+    const size_t mFrameSizeBytes;
+    const bool mIsInput;
+    const std::weak_ptr<IBluetoothA2dp> mBluetoothA2dp;
+    const std::weak_ptr<IBluetoothLe> mBluetoothLe;
+    size_t mPreferredDataIntervalUs;
+    size_t mPreferredFrameCount;
+
+    mutable std::mutex mLock;
+    bool mIsInitialized GUARDED_BY(mLock);
+    bool mIsReadyToClose GUARDED_BY(mLock);
+    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<::android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidl>>
+            mBtDeviceProxies GUARDED_BY(mLock);
+
+    ::android::status_t initialize() REQUIRES(mLock);
+    bool checkConfigParams(::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration& config);
+};
+
+class StreamInBluetooth final : public StreamIn, public StreamBluetooth {
+  public:
+    friend class ndk::SharedRefBase;
+    StreamInBluetooth(
+            StreamContext&& context,
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo>& microphones,
+            Module::BtProfileHandles&& btHandles);
+
+  private:
+    void onClose(StreamDescriptor::State) override { defaultOnClose(); }
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getActiveMicrophones(
+            std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneDynamicInfo>* _aidl_return)
+            override;
+};
+
+class StreamOutBluetooth final : public StreamOut, public StreamBluetooth {
+  public:
+    friend class ndk::SharedRefBase;
+    StreamOutBluetooth(
+            StreamContext&& context,
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
+            const std::optional<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo>&
+                    offloadInfo,
+            Module::BtProfileHandles&& btHandles);
+
+  private:
+    void onClose(StreamDescriptor::State) override { defaultOnClose(); }
+};
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamPrimary.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamPrimary.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3ddd0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamPrimary.h
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "StreamAlsa.h"
+#include "StreamSwitcher.h"
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
+
+class StreamPrimary : public StreamAlsa {
+  public:
+    StreamPrimary(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata);
+
+  protected:
+    std::vector<alsa::DeviceProfile> getDeviceProfiles() override;
+
+    const bool mIsInput;
+};
+
+class StreamInPrimary final : public StreamIn, public StreamSwitcher, public StreamInHwGainHelper {
+  public:
+    friend class ndk::SharedRefBase;
+    StreamInPrimary(
+            StreamContext&& context,
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo>& microphones);
+
+  private:
+    static bool useStubStream(const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice& device);
+
+    DeviceSwitchBehavior switchCurrentStream(
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices)
+            override;
+    std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx> createNewStream(
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices,
+            StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata) override;
+    void onClose(StreamDescriptor::State) override { defaultOnClose(); }
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getHwGain(std::vector<float>* _aidl_return) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setHwGain(const std::vector<float>& in_channelGains) override;
+};
+
+class StreamOutPrimary final : public StreamOut,
+                               public StreamSwitcher,
+                               public StreamOutHwVolumeHelper {
+  public:
+    friend class ndk::SharedRefBase;
+    StreamOutPrimary(StreamContext&& context,
+                     const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
+                     const std::optional<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo>&
+                             offloadInfo);
+
+  private:
+    static bool useStubStream(const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice& device);
+
+    DeviceSwitchBehavior switchCurrentStream(
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices)
+            override;
+    std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx> createNewStream(
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices,
+            StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata) override;
+    void onClose(StreamDescriptor::State) override { defaultOnClose(); }
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getHwVolume(std::vector<float>* _aidl_return) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setHwVolume(const std::vector<float>& in_channelVolumes) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamRemoteSubmix.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamRemoteSubmix.h
index b39583e..94404a1 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamRemoteSubmix.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamRemoteSubmix.h
@@ -20,16 +20,16 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "core-impl/Stream.h"
+#include "core-impl/StreamSwitcher.h"
 #include "r_submix/SubmixRoute.h"
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::r_submix::AudioConfig;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::r_submix::SubmixRoute;
-
 class StreamRemoteSubmix : public StreamCommonImpl {
   public:
-    StreamRemoteSubmix(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata);
+    StreamRemoteSubmix(
+            StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata,
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress& deviceAddress);
 
     ::android::status_t init() override;
     ::android::status_t drain(StreamDescriptor::DrainMode) override;
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
     ::android::status_t start() override;
     ::android::status_t transfer(void* buffer, size_t frameCount, size_t* actualFrameCount,
                                  int32_t* latencyMs) override;
-    ::android::status_t getPosition(StreamDescriptor::Position* position) override;
+    ::android::status_t refinePosition(StreamDescriptor::Position* position) override;
     void shutdown() override;
 
     // Overridden methods of 'StreamCommonImpl', called on a Binder thread.
@@ -51,16 +51,17 @@
     ::android::status_t outWrite(void* buffer, size_t frameCount, size_t* actualFrameCount);
     ::android::status_t inRead(void* buffer, size_t frameCount, size_t* actualFrameCount);
 
-    const int mPortId;
+    const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress mDeviceAddress;
     const bool mIsInput;
-    AudioConfig mStreamConfig;
-    std::shared_ptr<SubmixRoute> mCurrentRoute = nullptr;
+    r_submix::AudioConfig mStreamConfig;
+    std::shared_ptr<r_submix::SubmixRoute> mCurrentRoute = nullptr;
 
     // Mutex lock to protect vector of submix routes, each of these submix routes have their mutex
     // locks and none of the mutex locks should be taken together.
     static std::mutex sSubmixRoutesLock;
-    static std::map<int32_t, std::shared_ptr<SubmixRoute>> sSubmixRoutes
-            GUARDED_BY(sSubmixRoutesLock);
+    static std::map<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress,
+                    std::shared_ptr<r_submix::SubmixRoute>>
+            sSubmixRoutes GUARDED_BY(sSubmixRoutesLock);
 
     // limit for number of read error log entries to avoid spamming the logs
     static constexpr int kMaxReadErrorLogs = 5;
@@ -72,7 +73,7 @@
     static constexpr int kReadAttemptSleepUs = 5000;
 };
 
-class StreamInRemoteSubmix final : public StreamIn, public StreamRemoteSubmix {
+class StreamInRemoteSubmix final : public StreamIn, public StreamSwitcher {
   public:
     friend class ndk::SharedRefBase;
     StreamInRemoteSubmix(
@@ -81,13 +82,19 @@
             const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo>& microphones);
 
   private:
+    DeviceSwitchBehavior switchCurrentStream(
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices)
+            override;
+    std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx> createNewStream(
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices,
+            StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata) override;
     void onClose(StreamDescriptor::State) override { defaultOnClose(); }
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getActiveMicrophones(
             std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneDynamicInfo>* _aidl_return)
             override;
 };
 
-class StreamOutRemoteSubmix final : public StreamOut, public StreamRemoteSubmix {
+class StreamOutRemoteSubmix final : public StreamOut, public StreamSwitcher {
   public:
     friend class ndk::SharedRefBase;
     StreamOutRemoteSubmix(
@@ -97,6 +104,12 @@
                     offloadInfo);
 
   private:
+    DeviceSwitchBehavior switchCurrentStream(
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices)
+            override;
+    std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx> createNewStream(
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices,
+            StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata) override;
     void onClose(StreamDescriptor::State) override { defaultOnClose(); }
 };
 
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamStub.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamStub.h
index a8a3fc4..3857e0e 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamStub.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamStub.h
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
     void shutdown() override;
 
   private:
+    const size_t mBufferSizeFrames;
     const size_t mFrameSizeBytes;
     const int mSampleRate;
     const bool mIsAsynchronous;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamSwitcher.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamSwitcher.h
index e462481..5764ad6 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamSwitcher.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamSwitcher.h
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
 
-// 'StreamSwitcher' is implementation of 'StreamCommonInterface' which allows
+// 'StreamSwitcher' is an implementation of 'StreamCommonInterface' which allows
 // dynamically switching the underlying stream implementation based on currently
 // connected devices. This is achieved by replacing inheritance from
 // 'StreamCommonImpl' with owning an instance of it. StreamSwitcher must be
@@ -86,7 +86,8 @@
 template <typename T>
 class InnerStreamWrapper : public T, public StreamCommonInterfaceEx {
   public:
-    InnerStreamWrapper(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata) : T(context, metadata) {}
+    template <typename... Args>
+    InnerStreamWrapper(Args&&... args) : T(std::forward<Args>(args)...) {}
     StreamDescriptor::State getStatePriorToClosing() const override { return mStatePriorToClosing; }
 
   private:
@@ -128,6 +129,7 @@
     ndk::ScopedAStatus setConnectedDevices(
             const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices)
             override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus bluetoothParametersUpdated() override;
 
   protected:
     // Since switching a stream requires closing down the current stream, StreamSwitcher
@@ -186,6 +188,7 @@
     std::optional<int32_t> mHwAvSyncId;
     std::vector<VndParam> mMissedParameters;
     std::vector<std::shared_ptr<::aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect>> mEffects;
+    bool mBluetoothParametersUpdated = false;
 };
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamUsb.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamUsb.h
index 74e30ff..608f27d 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamUsb.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamUsb.h
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
             override;
 };
 
-class StreamOutUsb final : public StreamOut, public StreamUsb {
+class StreamOutUsb final : public StreamOut, public StreamUsb, public StreamOutHwVolumeHelper {
   public:
     friend class ndk::SharedRefBase;
     StreamOutUsb(StreamContext&& context,
@@ -71,9 +71,6 @@
     void onClose(StreamDescriptor::State) override { defaultOnClose(); }
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getHwVolume(std::vector<float>* _aidl_return) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus setHwVolume(const std::vector<float>& in_channelVolumes) override;
-
-    const int mChannelCount;
-    std::vector<float> mHwVolumes;
 };
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/XmlConverter.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/XmlConverter.h
index a68a6fd..383ea24 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/XmlConverter.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/XmlConverter.h
@@ -53,10 +53,16 @@
                                      const ::android::status_t& status) {
         std::string errorMessage;
         if (status != ::android::OK) {
-            if (!isReadableConfigFile) {
-                errorMessage = "Could not read requested config file:" + configFilePath;
+            if (configFilePath.empty()) {
+                errorMessage = "No audio configuration files found";
+            } else if (!isReadableConfigFile) {
+                errorMessage = std::string("Could not read requested XML config file: \"")
+                                       .append(configFilePath)
+                                       .append("\"");
             } else {
-                errorMessage = "Invalid config file: " + configFilePath;
+                errorMessage = std::string("Invalid XML config file: \"")
+                                       .append(configFilePath)
+                                       .append("\"");
             }
         }
         return errorMessage;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/main.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/main.cpp
index 93fb366..a0c0fab 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/main.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/main.cpp
@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@
         return std::make_pair(module, moduleBinder);
     };
     auto modules = {createModule(Module::Type::DEFAULT), createModule(Module::Type::R_SUBMIX),
-                    createModule(Module::Type::USB), createModule(Module::Type::STUB)};
+                    createModule(Module::Type::USB), createModule(Module::Type::STUB),
+                    createModule(Module::Type::BLUETOOTH)};
     (void)modules;
 
     ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/primary/PrimaryMixer.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/primary/PrimaryMixer.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..577d010
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/primary/PrimaryMixer.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_PrimaryMixer"
+
+#include "PrimaryMixer.h"
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::primary {
+
+// static
+PrimaryMixer& PrimaryMixer::getInstance() {
+    static PrimaryMixer gInstance;
+    return gInstance;
+}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::primary
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/primary/PrimaryMixer.h b/audio/aidl/default/primary/PrimaryMixer.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3806428
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/primary/PrimaryMixer.h
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <android/binder_auto_utils.h>
+
+#include "alsa/Mixer.h"
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::primary {
+
+class PrimaryMixer : public alsa::Mixer {
+  public:
+    static constexpr int kAlsaCard = 0;
+    static constexpr int kAlsaDevice = 0;
+
+    static PrimaryMixer& getInstance();
+
+  private:
+    PrimaryMixer() : alsa::Mixer(kAlsaCard) {}
+};
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::primary
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/primary/StreamPrimary.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/primary/StreamPrimary.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e01be8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/primary/StreamPrimary.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <limits>
+
+#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_StreamPrimary"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <error/expected_utils.h>
+
+#include "PrimaryMixer.h"
+#include "core-impl/StreamPrimary.h"
+#include "core-impl/StreamStub.h"
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceDescription;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceType;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo;
+using android::base::GetBoolProperty;
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
+
+StreamPrimary::StreamPrimary(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata)
+    : StreamAlsa(context, metadata, 3 /*readWriteRetries*/), mIsInput(isInput(metadata)) {}
+
+std::vector<alsa::DeviceProfile> StreamPrimary::getDeviceProfiles() {
+    static const std::vector<alsa::DeviceProfile> kBuiltInSource{
+            alsa::DeviceProfile{.card = primary::PrimaryMixer::kAlsaCard,
+                                .device = primary::PrimaryMixer::kAlsaDevice,
+                                .direction = PCM_IN,
+                                .isExternal = false}};
+    static const std::vector<alsa::DeviceProfile> kBuiltInSink{
+            alsa::DeviceProfile{.card = primary::PrimaryMixer::kAlsaCard,
+                                .device = primary::PrimaryMixer::kAlsaDevice,
+                                .direction = PCM_OUT,
+                                .isExternal = false}};
+    return mIsInput ? kBuiltInSource : kBuiltInSink;
+}
+
+StreamInPrimary::StreamInPrimary(StreamContext&& context, const SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
+                                 const std::vector<MicrophoneInfo>& microphones)
+    : StreamIn(std::move(context), microphones),
+      StreamSwitcher(&mContextInstance, sinkMetadata),
+      StreamInHwGainHelper(&mContextInstance) {}
+
+bool StreamInPrimary::useStubStream(const AudioDevice& device) {
+    static const bool kSimulateInput =
+            GetBoolProperty("ro.boot.audio.tinyalsa.simulate_input", false);
+    return kSimulateInput || device.type.type == AudioDeviceType::IN_TELEPHONY_RX ||
+           device.type.type == AudioDeviceType::IN_FM_TUNER ||
+           device.type.connection == AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_BUS;
+}
+
+StreamSwitcher::DeviceSwitchBehavior StreamInPrimary::switchCurrentStream(
+        const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
+    if (devices.size() > 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": primary stream can only be connected to one device, got: "
+                   << devices.size();
+        return DeviceSwitchBehavior::UNSUPPORTED_DEVICES;
+    }
+    if (devices.empty() || useStubStream(devices[0]) == isStubStream()) {
+        return DeviceSwitchBehavior::USE_CURRENT_STREAM;
+    }
+    return DeviceSwitchBehavior::CREATE_NEW_STREAM;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx> StreamInPrimary::createNewStream(
+        const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices,
+        StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata) {
+    if (devices.empty()) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << __func__ << ": called with empty devices";  // see 'switchCurrentStream'
+    }
+    if (useStubStream(devices[0])) {
+        return std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx>(
+                new InnerStreamWrapper<StreamStub>(context, metadata));
+    }
+    return std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx>(
+            new InnerStreamWrapper<StreamPrimary>(context, metadata));
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamInPrimary::getHwGain(std::vector<float>* _aidl_return) {
+    if (isStubStream()) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    }
+    return getHwGainImpl(_aidl_return);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamInPrimary::setHwGain(const std::vector<float>& in_channelGains) {
+    if (isStubStream()) {
+        LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": gains " << ::android::internal::ToString(in_channelGains);
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    }
+    auto currentGains = mHwGains;
+    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(setHwGainImpl(in_channelGains));
+    if (in_channelGains.size() < 1) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << __func__ << ": unexpected gain vector size: " << in_channelGains.size();
+    }
+    if (auto status = primary::PrimaryMixer::getInstance().setMicGain(in_channelGains[0]);
+        !status.isOk()) {
+        mHwGains = currentGains;
+        return status;
+    }
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+StreamOutPrimary::StreamOutPrimary(StreamContext&& context, const SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
+                                   const std::optional<AudioOffloadInfo>& offloadInfo)
+    : StreamOut(std::move(context), offloadInfo),
+      StreamSwitcher(&mContextInstance, sourceMetadata),
+      StreamOutHwVolumeHelper(&mContextInstance) {}
+
+bool StreamOutPrimary::useStubStream(const AudioDevice& device) {
+    static const bool kSimulateOutput =
+            GetBoolProperty("ro.boot.audio.tinyalsa.ignore_output", false);
+    return kSimulateOutput || device.type.type == AudioDeviceType::OUT_TELEPHONY_TX ||
+           device.type.connection == AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_BUS;
+}
+
+StreamSwitcher::DeviceSwitchBehavior StreamOutPrimary::switchCurrentStream(
+        const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__;
+    if (devices.size() > 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": primary stream can only be connected to one device, got: "
+                   << devices.size();
+        return DeviceSwitchBehavior::UNSUPPORTED_DEVICES;
+    }
+    if (devices.empty() || useStubStream(devices[0]) == isStubStream()) {
+        return DeviceSwitchBehavior::USE_CURRENT_STREAM;
+    }
+    return DeviceSwitchBehavior::CREATE_NEW_STREAM;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx> StreamOutPrimary::createNewStream(
+        const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices,
+        StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata) {
+    if (devices.empty()) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << __func__ << ": called with empty devices";  // see 'switchCurrentStream'
+    }
+    if (useStubStream(devices[0])) {
+        return std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx>(
+                new InnerStreamWrapper<StreamStub>(context, metadata));
+    }
+    return std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx>(
+            new InnerStreamWrapper<StreamPrimary>(context, metadata));
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamOutPrimary::getHwVolume(std::vector<float>* _aidl_return) {
+    if (isStubStream()) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    }
+    return getHwVolumeImpl(_aidl_return);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamOutPrimary::setHwVolume(const std::vector<float>& in_channelVolumes) {
+    if (isStubStream()) {
+        LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": volumes " << ::android::internal::ToString(in_channelVolumes);
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    }
+    auto currentVolumes = mHwVolumes;
+    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(setHwVolumeImpl(in_channelVolumes));
+    if (auto status = primary::PrimaryMixer::getInstance().setVolumes(in_channelVolumes);
+        !status.isOk()) {
+        mHwVolumes = currentVolumes;
+        return status;
+    }
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/ModuleRemoteSubmix.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/ModuleRemoteSubmix.cpp
index 9be7837..adea877 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/ModuleRemoteSubmix.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/ModuleRemoteSubmix.cpp
@@ -19,8 +19,8 @@
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <error/expected_utils.h>
 
-#include "RemoteSubmixUtils.h"
 #include "core-impl/ModuleRemoteSubmix.h"
 #include "core-impl/StreamRemoteSubmix.h"
 
@@ -33,18 +33,6 @@
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleRemoteSubmix::getTelephony(std::shared_ptr<ITelephony>* _aidl_return) {
-    *_aidl_return = nullptr;
-    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": returning null";
-    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
-}
-
-ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleRemoteSubmix::getBluetooth(std::shared_ptr<IBluetooth>* _aidl_return) {
-    *_aidl_return = nullptr;
-    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": returning null";
-    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
-}
-
 ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleRemoteSubmix::getMicMute(bool* _aidl_return __unused) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": is not supported";
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
@@ -70,23 +58,26 @@
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleRemoteSubmix::populateConnectedDevicePort(AudioPort* audioPort) {
-    LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << ": Profiles already populated by Configuration";
-    for (auto profile : audioPort->profiles) {
-        for (auto channelMask : profile.channelMasks) {
-            if (!r_submix::isChannelMaskSupported(channelMask)) {
-                LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": the profile " << profile.name
-                           << " has unsupported channel mask : " << channelMask.toString();
-                return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
-            }
-        }
-        for (auto sampleRate : profile.sampleRates) {
-            if (!r_submix::isSampleRateSupported(sampleRate)) {
-                LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": the profile " << profile.name
-                           << " has unsupported sample rate : " << sampleRate;
-                return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
-            }
-        }
+    // Find the corresponding mix port and copy its profiles.
+    std::vector<AudioRoute> routes;
+    // At this moment, the port has the same ID as the template port, see connectExternalDevice.
+    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(getAudioRoutesForAudioPort(audioPort->id, &routes));
+    if (routes.empty()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": no routes found for the port " << audioPort->toString();
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
     }
+    const auto& route = *routes.begin();
+    AudioPort mixPort;
+    if (route.sinkPortId == audioPort->id) {
+        if (route.sourcePortIds.empty()) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": invalid route " << route.toString();
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+        RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(getAudioPort(*route.sourcePortIds.begin(), &mixPort));
+    } else {
+        RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(getAudioPort(route.sinkPortId, &mixPort));
+    }
+    audioPort->profiles = mixPort.profiles;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -106,12 +97,6 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
-void ModuleRemoteSubmix::onExternalDeviceConnectionChanged(
-        const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort& audioPort __unused,
-        bool connected __unused) {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": do nothing and return";
-}
-
 ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleRemoteSubmix::onMasterMuteChanged(bool __unused) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": is not supported";
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/RemoteSubmixUtils.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/RemoteSubmixUtils.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 2f5d17d..0000000
--- a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/RemoteSubmixUtils.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-#include <vector>
-
-#include "RemoteSubmixUtils.h"
-
-namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::r_submix {
-
-bool isChannelMaskSupported(const AudioChannelLayout& channelMask) {
-    const static std::vector<AudioChannelLayout> kSupportedChannelMask = {
-            AudioChannelLayout::make<AudioChannelLayout::Tag::layoutMask>(
-                    AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO),
-            AudioChannelLayout::make<AudioChannelLayout::Tag::layoutMask>(
-                    AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO)};
-
-    if (std::find(kSupportedChannelMask.begin(), kSupportedChannelMask.end(), channelMask) !=
-        kSupportedChannelMask.end()) {
-        return true;
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-
-bool isSampleRateSupported(int sampleRate) {
-    const static std::vector<int> kSupportedSampleRates = {8000,  11025, 12000, 16000, 22050,
-                                                           24000, 32000, 44100, 48000};
-
-    if (std::find(kSupportedSampleRates.begin(), kSupportedSampleRates.end(), sampleRate) !=
-        kSupportedSampleRates.end()) {
-        return true;
-    }
-    return false;
-}
-
-}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::r_submix
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/RemoteSubmixUtils.h b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/RemoteSubmixUtils.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 952a992..0000000
--- a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/RemoteSubmixUtils.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#pragma once
-
-#include <aidl/android/media/audio/common/AudioChannelLayout.h>
-#include <aidl/android/media/audio/common/AudioFormatDescription.h>
-
-using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioChannelLayout;
-
-namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::r_submix {
-
-bool isChannelMaskSupported(const AudioChannelLayout& channelMask);
-
-bool isSampleRateSupported(int sampleRate);
-
-}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::r_submix
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/StreamRemoteSubmix.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/StreamRemoteSubmix.cpp
index 9537ebc..3134b86 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/StreamRemoteSubmix.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/StreamRemoteSubmix.cpp
@@ -23,15 +23,18 @@
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::r_submix::SubmixRoute;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneDynamicInfo;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo;
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
 
-StreamRemoteSubmix::StreamRemoteSubmix(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata)
+StreamRemoteSubmix::StreamRemoteSubmix(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata,
+                                       const AudioDeviceAddress& deviceAddress)
     : StreamCommonImpl(context, metadata),
-      mPortId(context->getPortId()),
+      mDeviceAddress(deviceAddress),
       mIsInput(isInput(metadata)) {
     mStreamConfig.frameSize = context->getFrameSize();
     mStreamConfig.format = context->getFormat();
@@ -40,13 +43,14 @@
 }
 
 std::mutex StreamRemoteSubmix::sSubmixRoutesLock;
-std::map<int32_t, std::shared_ptr<SubmixRoute>> StreamRemoteSubmix::sSubmixRoutes;
+std::map<AudioDeviceAddress, std::shared_ptr<SubmixRoute>> StreamRemoteSubmix::sSubmixRoutes;
 
 ::android::status_t StreamRemoteSubmix::init() {
     {
         std::lock_guard guard(sSubmixRoutesLock);
-        if (sSubmixRoutes.find(mPortId) != sSubmixRoutes.end()) {
-            mCurrentRoute = sSubmixRoutes[mPortId];
+        auto routeItr = sSubmixRoutes.find(mDeviceAddress);
+        if (routeItr != sSubmixRoutes.end()) {
+            mCurrentRoute = routeItr->second;
         }
     }
     // If route is not available for this port, add it.
@@ -59,7 +63,7 @@
         }
         {
             std::lock_guard guard(sSubmixRoutesLock);
-            sSubmixRoutes.emplace(mPortId, mCurrentRoute);
+            sSubmixRoutes.emplace(mDeviceAddress, mCurrentRoute);
         }
     } else {
         if (!mCurrentRoute->isStreamConfigValid(mIsInput, mStreamConfig)) {
@@ -116,8 +120,9 @@
         std::shared_ptr<SubmixRoute> route = nullptr;
         {
             std::lock_guard guard(sSubmixRoutesLock);
-            if (sSubmixRoutes.find(mPortId) != sSubmixRoutes.end()) {
-                route = sSubmixRoutes[mPortId];
+            auto routeItr = sSubmixRoutes.find(mDeviceAddress);
+            if (routeItr != sSubmixRoutes.end()) {
+                route = routeItr->second;
             }
         }
         if (route != nullptr) {
@@ -146,7 +151,7 @@
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": pipe destroyed";
 
         std::lock_guard guard(sSubmixRoutesLock);
-        sSubmixRoutes.erase(mPortId);
+        sSubmixRoutes.erase(mDeviceAddress);
     }
     mCurrentRoute.reset();
 }
@@ -179,7 +184,7 @@
                      : outWrite(buffer, frameCount, actualFrameCount));
 }
 
-::android::status_t StreamRemoteSubmix::getPosition(StreamDescriptor::Position* position) {
+::android::status_t StreamRemoteSubmix::refinePosition(StreamDescriptor::Position* position) {
     sp<MonoPipeReader> source = mCurrentRoute->getSource();
     if (source == nullptr) {
         return ::android::NO_INIT;
@@ -275,14 +280,18 @@
                                                size_t* actualFrameCount) {
     // about to read from audio source
     sp<MonoPipeReader> source = mCurrentRoute->getSource();
-    if (source == nullptr) {
-        int readErrorCount = mCurrentRoute->notifyReadError();
-        if (readErrorCount < kMaxReadErrorLogs) {
-            LOG(ERROR)
-                    << __func__
-                    << ": no audio pipe yet we're trying to read! (not all errors will be logged)";
+    if (source == nullptr || source->availableToRead() == 0) {
+        if (source == nullptr) {
+            int readErrorCount = mCurrentRoute->notifyReadError();
+            if (readErrorCount < kMaxReadErrorLogs) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << __func__
+                           << ": no audio pipe yet we're trying to read! (not all errors will be "
+                              "logged)";
+            } else {
+                LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Read errors " << readErrorCount;
+            }
         } else {
-            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Read errors " << readErrorCount;
+            LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": no data to read yet, providing empty data";
         }
         const size_t delayUs = static_cast<size_t>(
                 std::roundf(frameCount * MICROS_PER_SECOND / mStreamConfig.sampleRate));
@@ -339,11 +348,9 @@
     // recording (including this call): it's converted to usec and compared to how long we've been
     // recording for, which gives us how long we must wait to sync the projected recording time, and
     // the observed recording time.
-    static constexpr float kScaleFactor = .8f;
-    const size_t projectedVsObservedOffsetUs =
-            kScaleFactor * (static_cast<size_t>(std::roundf((readCounterFrames * MICROS_PER_SECOND /
-                                                             mStreamConfig.sampleRate) -
-                                                            recordDurationUs.count())));
+    const int projectedVsObservedOffsetUs =
+            std::roundf((readCounterFrames * MICROS_PER_SECOND / mStreamConfig.sampleRate) -
+                        recordDurationUs.count());
 
     LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << ": record duration " << recordDurationUs.count()
                  << " microseconds, will wait: " << projectedVsObservedOffsetUs << " microseconds";
@@ -356,8 +363,7 @@
 StreamInRemoteSubmix::StreamInRemoteSubmix(StreamContext&& context,
                                            const SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
                                            const std::vector<MicrophoneInfo>& microphones)
-    : StreamIn(std::move(context), microphones),
-      StreamRemoteSubmix(&(StreamIn::mContext), sinkMetadata) {}
+    : StreamIn(std::move(context), microphones), StreamSwitcher(&mContextInstance, sinkMetadata) {}
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamInRemoteSubmix::getActiveMicrophones(
         std::vector<MicrophoneDynamicInfo>* _aidl_return) {
@@ -366,10 +372,66 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
+StreamSwitcher::DeviceSwitchBehavior StreamInRemoteSubmix::switchCurrentStream(
+        const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices) {
+    // This implementation effectively postpones stream creation until
+    // receiving the first call to 'setConnectedDevices' with a non-empty list.
+    if (isStubStream()) {
+        if (devices.size() == 1) {
+            auto deviceDesc = devices.front().type;
+            if (deviceDesc.type ==
+                ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceType::IN_SUBMIX) {
+                return DeviceSwitchBehavior::CREATE_NEW_STREAM;
+            }
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Device type " << toString(deviceDesc.type)
+                       << " not supported";
+        } else {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Only single device supported.";
+        }
+        return DeviceSwitchBehavior::UNSUPPORTED_DEVICES;
+    }
+    return DeviceSwitchBehavior::USE_CURRENT_STREAM;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx> StreamInRemoteSubmix::createNewStream(
+        const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices,
+        StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata) {
+    return std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx>(
+            new InnerStreamWrapper<StreamRemoteSubmix>(context, metadata, devices.front().address));
+}
+
 StreamOutRemoteSubmix::StreamOutRemoteSubmix(StreamContext&& context,
                                              const SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
                                              const std::optional<AudioOffloadInfo>& offloadInfo)
     : StreamOut(std::move(context), offloadInfo),
-      StreamRemoteSubmix(&(StreamOut::mContext), sourceMetadata) {}
+      StreamSwitcher(&mContextInstance, sourceMetadata) {}
+
+StreamSwitcher::DeviceSwitchBehavior StreamOutRemoteSubmix::switchCurrentStream(
+        const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices) {
+    // This implementation effectively postpones stream creation until
+    // receiving the first call to 'setConnectedDevices' with a non-empty list.
+    if (isStubStream()) {
+        if (devices.size() == 1) {
+            auto deviceDesc = devices.front().type;
+            if (deviceDesc.type ==
+                ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceType::OUT_SUBMIX) {
+                return DeviceSwitchBehavior::CREATE_NEW_STREAM;
+            }
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Device type " << toString(deviceDesc.type)
+                       << " not supported";
+        } else {
+            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Only single device supported.";
+        }
+        return DeviceSwitchBehavior::UNSUPPORTED_DEVICES;
+    }
+    return DeviceSwitchBehavior::USE_CURRENT_STREAM;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx> StreamOutRemoteSubmix::createNewStream(
+        const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice>& devices,
+        StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata) {
+    return std::unique_ptr<StreamCommonInterfaceEx>(
+            new InnerStreamWrapper<StreamRemoteSubmix>(context, metadata, devices.front().address));
+}
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/stub/StreamStub.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/stub/StreamStub.cpp
index 66f4605..660a51e 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/stub/StreamStub.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/stub/StreamStub.cpp
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 
 StreamStub::StreamStub(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata)
     : StreamCommonImpl(context, metadata),
+      mBufferSizeFrames(getContext().getBufferSizeInFrames()),
       mFrameSizeBytes(getContext().getFrameSize()),
       mSampleRate(getContext().getSampleRate()),
       mIsAsynchronous(!!getContext().getAsyncCallback()),
@@ -40,7 +41,6 @@
 
 ::android::status_t StreamStub::init() {
     mIsInitialized = true;
-    usleep(500);
     return ::android::OK;
 }
 
@@ -48,7 +48,16 @@
     if (!mIsInitialized) {
         LOG(FATAL) << __func__ << ": must not happen for an uninitialized driver";
     }
-    usleep(500);
+    if (!mIsInput) {
+        if (!mIsAsynchronous) {
+            static constexpr float kMicrosPerSecond = MICROS_PER_SECOND;
+            const size_t delayUs = static_cast<size_t>(
+                    std::roundf(mBufferSizeFrames * kMicrosPerSecond / mSampleRate));
+            usleep(delayUs);
+        } else {
+            usleep(500);
+        }
+    }
     return ::android::OK;
 }
 
@@ -56,7 +65,6 @@
     if (!mIsInitialized) {
         LOG(FATAL) << __func__ << ": must not happen for an uninitialized driver";
     }
-    usleep(500);
     return ::android::OK;
 }
 
@@ -64,7 +72,6 @@
     if (!mIsInitialized) {
         LOG(FATAL) << __func__ << ": must not happen for an uninitialized driver";
     }
-    usleep(500);
     return ::android::OK;
 }
 
@@ -120,11 +127,10 @@
 
 StreamInStub::StreamInStub(StreamContext&& context, const SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
                            const std::vector<MicrophoneInfo>& microphones)
-    : StreamIn(std::move(context), microphones), StreamStub(&(StreamIn::mContext), sinkMetadata) {}
+    : StreamIn(std::move(context), microphones), StreamStub(&mContextInstance, sinkMetadata) {}
 
 StreamOutStub::StreamOutStub(StreamContext&& context, const SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
                              const std::optional<AudioOffloadInfo>& offloadInfo)
-    : StreamOut(std::move(context), offloadInfo),
-      StreamStub(&(StreamOut::mContext), sourceMetadata) {}
+    : StreamOut(std::move(context), offloadInfo), StreamStub(&mContextInstance, sourceMetadata) {}
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/usb/StreamUsb.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/usb/StreamUsb.cpp
index 9684a87..b60b4fd 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/usb/StreamUsb.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/usb/StreamUsb.cpp
@@ -18,14 +18,11 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "AHAL_StreamUsb"
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
-
-#include <Utils.h>
 #include <error/expected_utils.h>
 
 #include "UsbAlsaMixerControl.h"
 #include "core-impl/StreamUsb.h"
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::getChannelCount;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice;
@@ -85,7 +82,7 @@
 
 StreamInUsb::StreamInUsb(StreamContext&& context, const SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
                          const std::vector<MicrophoneInfo>& microphones)
-    : StreamIn(std::move(context), microphones), StreamUsb(&(StreamIn::mContext), sinkMetadata) {}
+    : StreamIn(std::move(context), microphones), StreamUsb(&mContextInstance, sinkMetadata) {}
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamInUsb::getActiveMicrophones(
         std::vector<MicrophoneDynamicInfo>* _aidl_return __unused) {
@@ -96,15 +93,16 @@
 StreamOutUsb::StreamOutUsb(StreamContext&& context, const SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
                            const std::optional<AudioOffloadInfo>& offloadInfo)
     : StreamOut(std::move(context), offloadInfo),
-      StreamUsb(&(StreamOut::mContext), sourceMetadata),
-      mChannelCount(getChannelCount(getContext().getChannelLayout())) {}
+      StreamUsb(&mContextInstance, sourceMetadata),
+      StreamOutHwVolumeHelper(&mContextInstance) {}
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamOutUsb::getHwVolume(std::vector<float>* _aidl_return) {
-    *_aidl_return = mHwVolumes;
-    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    return getHwVolumeImpl(_aidl_return);
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamOutUsb::setHwVolume(const std::vector<float>& in_channelVolumes) {
+    auto currentVolumes = mHwVolumes;
+    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(setHwVolumeImpl(in_channelVolumes));
     // Avoid using mConnectedDeviceProfiles because it requires a lock.
     for (const auto& device : getConnectedDevices()) {
         if (auto deviceProfile = alsa::getDeviceProfile(device, mIsInput);
@@ -114,11 +112,11 @@
                 !result.isOk()) {
                 LOG(ERROR) << __func__
                            << ": failed to set volume for device address=" << *deviceProfile;
+                mHwVolumes = currentVolumes;
                 return result;
             }
         }
     }
-    mHwVolumes = in_channelVolumes;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp b/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp
index 852255d..f7cf4ce 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
         "VtsHalAudioCoreConfigTargetTest.cpp",
         "VtsHalAudioCoreModuleTargetTest.cpp",
     ],
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.xml",
 }
 
 cc_test {
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/ModuleConfig.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/ModuleConfig.cpp
index 8c448a8..7213034 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/ModuleConfig.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/ModuleConfig.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::isBitPositionFlagSet;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::IModule;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioChannelLayout;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceDescription;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceType;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioEncapsulationMode;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatDescription;
@@ -96,7 +97,10 @@
             } else {
                 mAttachedSinkDevicePorts.insert(port.id);
             }
-        } else if (port.profiles.empty()) {
+        } else if (devicePort.device.type.connection != AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_VIRTUAL
+                   // The "virtual" connection is used for remote submix which is a dynamic
+                   // device but it can be connected and used w/o external hardware.
+                   && port.profiles.empty()) {
             mExternalDevicePorts.insert(port.id);
         }
     }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreModuleTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreModuleTargetTest.cpp
index 0012cd5..8a8998e 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreModuleTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreModuleTargetTest.cpp
@@ -1379,7 +1379,7 @@
                     << "At least two mix ports have PRIMARY flag set: " << primaryMixPort.value()
                     << " and " << port.id;
             primaryMixPort = port.id;
-            EXPECT_EQ(1, mixPort.maxOpenStreamCount)
+            EXPECT_GE(mixPort.maxOpenStreamCount, 0)
                     << "Primary mix port " << port.id << " can not have maxOpenStreamCount "
                     << mixPort.maxOpenStreamCount;
         }
@@ -1627,14 +1627,17 @@
     if (ports.empty()) {
         GTEST_SKIP() << "No external devices in the module.";
     }
-    AudioPort ignored;
     WithDebugFlags doNotSimulateConnections = WithDebugFlags::createNested(*debug);
     doNotSimulateConnections.flags().simulateDeviceConnections = false;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(doNotSimulateConnections.SetUp(module.get()));
     for (const auto& port : ports) {
-        AudioPort portWithData = GenerateUniqueDeviceAddress(port);
-        EXPECT_STATUS(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE, module->connectExternalDevice(portWithData, &ignored))
-                << "static port " << portWithData.toString();
+        AudioPort portWithData = GenerateUniqueDeviceAddress(port), connectedPort;
+        ScopedAStatus status = module->connectExternalDevice(portWithData, &connectedPort);
+        EXPECT_STATUS(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE, status) << "static port " << portWithData.toString();
+        if (status.isOk()) {
+            EXPECT_IS_OK(module->disconnectExternalDevice(connectedPort.id))
+                    << "when disconnecting device port ID " << connectedPort.id;
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -3189,10 +3192,17 @@
     std::string mUnexpectedTransition;
 };
 
-enum { NAMED_CMD_NAME, NAMED_CMD_DELAY_MS, NAMED_CMD_STREAM_TYPE, NAMED_CMD_CMDS };
+enum {
+    NAMED_CMD_NAME,
+    NAMED_CMD_DELAY_MS,
+    NAMED_CMD_STREAM_TYPE,
+    NAMED_CMD_CMDS,
+    NAMED_CMD_VALIDATE_POS_INCREASE
+};
 enum class StreamTypeFilter { ANY, SYNC, ASYNC };
 using NamedCommandSequence =
-        std::tuple<std::string, int, StreamTypeFilter, std::shared_ptr<StateSequence>>;
+        std::tuple<std::string, int /*cmdDelayMs*/, StreamTypeFilter,
+                   std::shared_ptr<StateSequence>, bool /*validatePositionIncrease*/>;
 enum { PARAM_MODULE_NAME, PARAM_CMD_SEQ, PARAM_SETUP_SEQ };
 using StreamIoTestParameters =
         std::tuple<std::string /*moduleName*/, NamedCommandSequence, bool /*useSetupSequence2*/>;
@@ -3236,10 +3246,14 @@
             ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(delayTransientStates.SetUp(module.get()));
             const auto& commandsAndStates =
                     std::get<NAMED_CMD_CMDS>(std::get<PARAM_CMD_SEQ>(GetParam()));
+            const bool validatePositionIncrease =
+                    std::get<NAMED_CMD_VALIDATE_POS_INCREASE>(std::get<PARAM_CMD_SEQ>(GetParam()));
             if (!std::get<PARAM_SETUP_SEQ>(GetParam())) {
-                ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq1(portConfig, commandsAndStates));
+                ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq1(portConfig, commandsAndStates,
+                                                                    validatePositionIncrease));
             } else {
-                ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq2(portConfig, commandsAndStates));
+                ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq2(portConfig, commandsAndStates,
+                                                                    validatePositionIncrease));
             }
             if (isNonBlocking) {
                 // Also try running the same sequence with "aosp.forceTransientBurst" set.
@@ -3250,11 +3264,11 @@
                 if (forceTransientBurst.SetUpNoChecks(module.get(), true /*failureExpected*/)
                             .isOk()) {
                     if (!std::get<PARAM_SETUP_SEQ>(GetParam())) {
-                        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-                                RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq1(portConfig, commandsAndStates));
+                        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq1(
+                                portConfig, commandsAndStates, validatePositionIncrease));
                     } else {
-                        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-                                RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq2(portConfig, commandsAndStates));
+                        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq2(
+                                portConfig, commandsAndStates, validatePositionIncrease));
                     }
                 }
             } else if (!IOTraits<Stream>::is_input) {
@@ -3267,11 +3281,11 @@
                 if (forceSynchronousDrain.SetUpNoChecks(module.get(), true /*failureExpected*/)
                             .isOk()) {
                     if (!std::get<PARAM_SETUP_SEQ>(GetParam())) {
-                        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-                                RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq1(portConfig, commandsAndStates));
+                        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq1(
+                                portConfig, commandsAndStates, validatePositionIncrease));
                     } else {
-                        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-                                RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq2(portConfig, commandsAndStates));
+                        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq2(
+                                portConfig, commandsAndStates, validatePositionIncrease));
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -3285,11 +3299,13 @@
 
     // Set up a patch first, then open a stream.
     void RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq1(const AudioPortConfig& portConfig,
-                                     std::shared_ptr<StateSequence> commandsAndStates) {
+                                     std::shared_ptr<StateSequence> commandsAndStates,
+                                     bool validatePositionIncrease) {
         auto devicePorts = moduleConfig->getAttachedDevicesPortsForMixPort(
                 IOTraits<Stream>::is_input, portConfig);
         ASSERT_FALSE(devicePorts.empty());
         auto devicePortConfig = moduleConfig->getSingleConfigForDevicePort(devicePorts[0]);
+        SCOPED_TRACE(devicePortConfig.toString());
         WithAudioPatch patch(IOTraits<Stream>::is_input, portConfig, devicePortConfig);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(patch.SetUp(module.get()));
 
@@ -3307,14 +3323,17 @@
         EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError()) << worker.getError();
         EXPECT_EQ("", driver.getUnexpectedStateTransition());
         if (ValidateObservablePosition(devicePortConfig)) {
-            EXPECT_TRUE(driver.hasObservablePositionIncrease());
+            if (validatePositionIncrease) {
+                EXPECT_TRUE(driver.hasObservablePositionIncrease());
+            }
             EXPECT_FALSE(driver.hasRetrogradeObservablePosition());
         }
     }
 
     // Open a stream, then set up a patch for it.
     void RunStreamIoCommandsImplSeq2(const AudioPortConfig& portConfig,
-                                     std::shared_ptr<StateSequence> commandsAndStates) {
+                                     std::shared_ptr<StateSequence> commandsAndStates,
+                                     bool validatePositionIncrease) {
         WithStream<Stream> stream(portConfig);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(stream.SetUp(module.get(), kDefaultBufferSizeFrames));
         StreamLogicDefaultDriver driver(commandsAndStates,
@@ -3326,6 +3345,7 @@
                 IOTraits<Stream>::is_input, portConfig);
         ASSERT_FALSE(devicePorts.empty());
         auto devicePortConfig = moduleConfig->getSingleConfigForDevicePort(devicePorts[0]);
+        SCOPED_TRACE(devicePortConfig.toString());
         WithAudioPatch patch(IOTraits<Stream>::is_input, stream.getPortConfig(), devicePortConfig);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(patch.SetUp(module.get()));
 
@@ -3336,7 +3356,9 @@
         EXPECT_FALSE(worker.hasError()) << worker.getError();
         EXPECT_EQ("", driver.getUnexpectedStateTransition());
         if (ValidateObservablePosition(devicePortConfig)) {
-            EXPECT_TRUE(driver.hasObservablePositionIncrease());
+            if (validatePositionIncrease) {
+                EXPECT_TRUE(driver.hasObservablePositionIncrease());
+            }
             EXPECT_FALSE(driver.hasRetrogradeObservablePosition());
         }
     }
@@ -3673,22 +3695,28 @@
     using State = StreamDescriptor::State;
     auto d = std::make_unique<StateDag>();
     StateDag::Node last = d->makeFinalNode(State::ACTIVE);
-    StateDag::Node active = d->makeNode(State::ACTIVE, kBurstCommand, last);
+    // Use a couple of bursts to ensure that the driver starts reporting the position.
+    StateDag::Node active2 = d->makeNode(State::ACTIVE, kBurstCommand, last);
+    StateDag::Node active = d->makeNode(State::ACTIVE, kBurstCommand, active2);
     StateDag::Node idle = d->makeNode(State::IDLE, kBurstCommand, active);
     if (!isSync) {
         // Allow optional routing via the TRANSFERRING state on bursts.
-        active.children().push_back(d->makeNode(State::TRANSFERRING, kTransferReadyEvent, last));
+        active2.children().push_back(d->makeNode(State::TRANSFERRING, kTransferReadyEvent, last));
+        active.children().push_back(d->makeNode(State::TRANSFERRING, kTransferReadyEvent, active2));
         idle.children().push_back(d->makeNode(State::TRANSFERRING, kTransferReadyEvent, active));
     }
     d->makeNode(State::STANDBY, kStartCommand, idle);
     return std::make_shared<StateSequenceFollower>(std::move(d));
 }
 static const NamedCommandSequence kReadSeq =
-        std::make_tuple(std::string("Read"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ANY, makeBurstCommands(true));
+        std::make_tuple(std::string("Read"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ANY, makeBurstCommands(true),
+                        true /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
 static const NamedCommandSequence kWriteSyncSeq =
-        std::make_tuple(std::string("Write"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::SYNC, makeBurstCommands(true));
+        std::make_tuple(std::string("Write"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::SYNC, makeBurstCommands(true),
+                        true /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
 static const NamedCommandSequence kWriteAsyncSeq =
-        std::make_tuple(std::string("Write"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC, makeBurstCommands(false));
+        std::make_tuple(std::string("Write"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC, makeBurstCommands(false),
+                        true /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
 
 std::shared_ptr<StateSequence> makeAsyncDrainCommands(bool isInput) {
     using State = StreamDescriptor::State;
@@ -3716,11 +3744,12 @@
     }
     return std::make_shared<StateSequenceFollower>(std::move(d));
 }
-static const NamedCommandSequence kWriteDrainAsyncSeq =
-        std::make_tuple(std::string("WriteDrain"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs,
-                        StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC, makeAsyncDrainCommands(false));
-static const NamedCommandSequence kDrainInSeq = std::make_tuple(
-        std::string("Drain"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ANY, makeAsyncDrainCommands(true));
+static const NamedCommandSequence kWriteDrainAsyncSeq = std::make_tuple(
+        std::string("WriteDrain"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs, StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC,
+        makeAsyncDrainCommands(false), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
+static const NamedCommandSequence kDrainInSeq =
+        std::make_tuple(std::string("Drain"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ANY,
+                        makeAsyncDrainCommands(true), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
 
 std::shared_ptr<StateSequence> makeDrainOutCommands(bool isSync) {
     using State = StreamDescriptor::State;
@@ -3740,10 +3769,12 @@
     d->makeNode(State::STANDBY, kStartCommand, idle);
     return std::make_shared<StateSequenceFollower>(std::move(d));
 }
-static const NamedCommandSequence kDrainOutSyncSeq = std::make_tuple(
-        std::string("Drain"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::SYNC, makeDrainOutCommands(true));
-static const NamedCommandSequence kDrainOutAsyncSeq = std::make_tuple(
-        std::string("Drain"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC, makeDrainOutCommands(false));
+static const NamedCommandSequence kDrainOutSyncSeq =
+        std::make_tuple(std::string("Drain"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::SYNC, makeDrainOutCommands(true),
+                        false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
+static const NamedCommandSequence kDrainOutAsyncSeq =
+        std::make_tuple(std::string("Drain"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC,
+                        makeDrainOutCommands(false), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
 
 std::shared_ptr<StateSequence> makeDrainPauseOutCommands(bool isSync) {
     using State = StreamDescriptor::State;
@@ -3764,12 +3795,12 @@
     d->makeNode(State::STANDBY, kStartCommand, idle);
     return std::make_shared<StateSequenceFollower>(std::move(d));
 }
-static const NamedCommandSequence kDrainPauseOutSyncSeq =
-        std::make_tuple(std::string("DrainPause"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs,
-                        StreamTypeFilter::SYNC, makeDrainPauseOutCommands(true));
-static const NamedCommandSequence kDrainPauseOutAsyncSeq =
-        std::make_tuple(std::string("DrainPause"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs,
-                        StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC, makeDrainPauseOutCommands(false));
+static const NamedCommandSequence kDrainPauseOutSyncSeq = std::make_tuple(
+        std::string("DrainPause"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs, StreamTypeFilter::SYNC,
+        makeDrainPauseOutCommands(true), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
+static const NamedCommandSequence kDrainPauseOutAsyncSeq = std::make_tuple(
+        std::string("DrainPause"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs, StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC,
+        makeDrainPauseOutCommands(false), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
 
 // This sequence also verifies that the capture / presentation position is not reset on standby.
 std::shared_ptr<StateSequence> makeStandbyCommands(bool isInput, bool isSync) {
@@ -3810,13 +3841,15 @@
     }
     return std::make_shared<StateSequenceFollower>(std::move(d));
 }
-static const NamedCommandSequence kStandbyInSeq = std::make_tuple(
-        std::string("Standby"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ANY, makeStandbyCommands(true, false));
-static const NamedCommandSequence kStandbyOutSyncSeq = std::make_tuple(
-        std::string("Standby"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::SYNC, makeStandbyCommands(false, true));
-static const NamedCommandSequence kStandbyOutAsyncSeq =
-        std::make_tuple(std::string("Standby"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs,
-                        StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC, makeStandbyCommands(false, false));
+static const NamedCommandSequence kStandbyInSeq =
+        std::make_tuple(std::string("Standby"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ANY,
+                        makeStandbyCommands(true, false), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
+static const NamedCommandSequence kStandbyOutSyncSeq =
+        std::make_tuple(std::string("Standby"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::SYNC,
+                        makeStandbyCommands(false, true), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
+static const NamedCommandSequence kStandbyOutAsyncSeq = std::make_tuple(
+        std::string("Standby"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs, StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC,
+        makeStandbyCommands(false, false), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
 
 std::shared_ptr<StateSequence> makePauseCommands(bool isInput, bool isSync) {
     using State = StreamDescriptor::State;
@@ -3851,13 +3884,15 @@
     }
     return std::make_shared<StateSequenceFollower>(std::move(d));
 }
-static const NamedCommandSequence kPauseInSeq = std::make_tuple(
-        std::string("Pause"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ANY, makePauseCommands(true, false));
-static const NamedCommandSequence kPauseOutSyncSeq = std::make_tuple(
-        std::string("Pause"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::SYNC, makePauseCommands(false, true));
-static const NamedCommandSequence kPauseOutAsyncSeq =
-        std::make_tuple(std::string("Pause"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs,
-                        StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC, makePauseCommands(false, false));
+static const NamedCommandSequence kPauseInSeq =
+        std::make_tuple(std::string("Pause"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ANY,
+                        makePauseCommands(true, false), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
+static const NamedCommandSequence kPauseOutSyncSeq =
+        std::make_tuple(std::string("Pause"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::SYNC,
+                        makePauseCommands(false, true), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
+static const NamedCommandSequence kPauseOutAsyncSeq = std::make_tuple(
+        std::string("Pause"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs, StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC,
+        makePauseCommands(false, false), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
 
 std::shared_ptr<StateSequence> makeFlushCommands(bool isInput, bool isSync) {
     using State = StreamDescriptor::State;
@@ -3884,13 +3919,15 @@
     }
     return std::make_shared<StateSequenceFollower>(std::move(d));
 }
-static const NamedCommandSequence kFlushInSeq = std::make_tuple(
-        std::string("Flush"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ANY, makeFlushCommands(true, false));
-static const NamedCommandSequence kFlushOutSyncSeq = std::make_tuple(
-        std::string("Flush"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::SYNC, makeFlushCommands(false, true));
-static const NamedCommandSequence kFlushOutAsyncSeq =
-        std::make_tuple(std::string("Flush"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs,
-                        StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC, makeFlushCommands(false, false));
+static const NamedCommandSequence kFlushInSeq =
+        std::make_tuple(std::string("Flush"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::ANY,
+                        makeFlushCommands(true, false), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
+static const NamedCommandSequence kFlushOutSyncSeq =
+        std::make_tuple(std::string("Flush"), 0, StreamTypeFilter::SYNC,
+                        makeFlushCommands(false, true), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
+static const NamedCommandSequence kFlushOutAsyncSeq = std::make_tuple(
+        std::string("Flush"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs, StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC,
+        makeFlushCommands(false, false), false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
 
 std::shared_ptr<StateSequence> makeDrainPauseFlushOutCommands(bool isSync) {
     using State = StreamDescriptor::State;
@@ -3911,10 +3948,12 @@
 }
 static const NamedCommandSequence kDrainPauseFlushOutSyncSeq =
         std::make_tuple(std::string("DrainPauseFlush"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs,
-                        StreamTypeFilter::SYNC, makeDrainPauseFlushOutCommands(true));
+                        StreamTypeFilter::SYNC, makeDrainPauseFlushOutCommands(true),
+                        false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
 static const NamedCommandSequence kDrainPauseFlushOutAsyncSeq =
         std::make_tuple(std::string("DrainPauseFlush"), kStreamTransientStateTransitionDelayMs,
-                        StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC, makeDrainPauseFlushOutCommands(false));
+                        StreamTypeFilter::ASYNC, makeDrainPauseFlushOutCommands(false),
+                        false /*validatePositionIncrease*/);
 
 // Note, this isn't the "official" enum printer, it is only used to make the test name suffix.
 std::string PrintStreamFilterToString(StreamTypeFilter filter) {
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.xml b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.xml
index dfc1039..9d3adc1 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.xml
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest.xml
@@ -25,6 +25,11 @@
         <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
     </target_preparer>
 
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
     <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
         <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
         <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioCoreTargetTest" />
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioEffectFactoryTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioEffectFactoryTargetTest.cpp
index 8084a59..225640e 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioEffectFactoryTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAudioEffectFactoryTargetTest.cpp
@@ -134,17 +134,18 @@
 /**
  * @brief Check at least support list of effect must be supported by aosp:
  * https://developer.android.com/reference/android/media/audiofx/AudioEffect
+ *
+ * For Android 13, they are: Equalizer, LoudnessEnhancer, Visualizer, and DynamicsProcessing.
+ * https://source.android.com/docs/compatibility/13/android-13-cdd#552_audio_effects
  */
-TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, ExpectAllAospEffectTypes) {
+TEST_P(EffectFactoryTest, SupportMandatoryEffectTypes) {
     std::vector<Descriptor> descs;
-    std::set<AudioUuid> typeUuidSet(
-            {aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::getEffectTypeUuidBassBoost(),
-             aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::getEffectTypeUuidEqualizer(),
-             aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::getEffectTypeUuidEnvReverb(),
-             aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::getEffectTypeUuidPresetReverb(),
-             aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::getEffectTypeUuidDynamicsProcessing(),
-             aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::getEffectTypeUuidHapticGenerator(),
-             aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::getEffectTypeUuidVirtualizer()});
+    std::set<AudioUuid> typeUuidSet({
+            aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::getEffectTypeUuidEqualizer(),
+            aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::getEffectTypeUuidDynamicsProcessing(),
+            aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::getEffectTypeUuidLoudnessEnhancer(),
+            aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::getEffectTypeUuidVisualizer(),
+    });
 
     EXPECT_IS_OK(mEffectFactory->queryEffects(std::nullopt, std::nullopt, std::nullopt, &descs));
     EXPECT_TRUE(descs.size() >= typeUuidSet.size());
@@ -305,4 +306,4 @@
     ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(1);
     ABinderProcess_startThreadPool();
     return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/ParametersUtil.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/ParametersUtil.cpp
index e21eff2..4d8a208 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/ParametersUtil.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/ParametersUtil.cpp
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
     Result retval = getParam(name, &halValue);
     *value = false;
     if (retval == Result::OK) {
-        if (halValue.empty()) {
+        if (halValue.length() == 0) {
             return Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
         }
         *value = !(halValue == AudioParameter::valueOff);
@@ -97,17 +97,17 @@
             retval = getHalStatusToResult(status);
             break;
         }
-        result[i].key = halKey.string();
-        result[i].value = halValue.string();
+        result[i].key = halKey.c_str();
+        result[i].value = halValue.c_str();
     }
     cb(retval, result);
 }
 
 std::unique_ptr<AudioParameter> ParametersUtil::getParams(const AudioParameter& keys) {
     String8 paramsAndValues;
-    char* halValues = halGetParameters(keys.keysToString().string());
+    char* halValues = halGetParameters(keys.keysToString().c_str());
     if (halValues != NULL) {
-        paramsAndValues.setTo(halValues);
+        paramsAndValues = halValues;
         free(halValues);
     } else {
         paramsAndValues.clear();
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
 }
 
 Result ParametersUtil::setParams(const AudioParameter& param) {
-    int halStatus = halSetParameters(param.toString().string());
+    int halStatus = halSetParameters(param.toString().c_str());
     return util::analyzeStatus(halStatus);
 }
 
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp
index 8e85a8b..c11b675 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
     SampleRateSet halSampleRates;
     if (result == Result::OK) {
         halSampleRates =
-            samplingRatesFromString(halListValue.string(), AudioParameter::valueListSeparator);
+                samplingRatesFromString(halListValue.c_str(), AudioParameter::valueListSeparator);
         sampleRates = hidl_vec<uint32_t>(halSampleRates.begin(), halSampleRates.end());
         // Legacy get_parameter does not return a status_t, thus can not advertise of failure.
         // Note that this method must succeed (non empty list) if the format is supported.
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
     ChannelMaskSet halChannelMasks;
     if (result == Result::OK) {
         halChannelMasks =
-            channelMasksFromString(halListValue.string(), AudioParameter::valueListSeparator);
+                channelMasksFromString(halListValue.c_str(), AudioParameter::valueListSeparator);
         channelMasks.resize(halChannelMasks.size());
         size_t i = 0;
         for (auto channelMask : halChannelMasks) {
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@
     hidl_vec<AudioFormat> formats;
     FormatVector halFormats;
     if (result == Result::OK) {
-        halFormats = formatsFromString(halListValue.string(), AudioParameter::valueListSeparator);
+        halFormats = formatsFromString(halListValue.c_str(), AudioParameter::valueListSeparator);
         formats.resize(halFormats.size());
         for (size_t i = 0; i < halFormats.size(); ++i) {
             formats[i] = AudioFormat(halFormats[i]);
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@
     // Ensure that the separator is one character, despite that it's defined as a C string.
     static_assert(sizeof(AUDIO_PARAMETER_VALUE_LIST_SEPARATOR) == 2);
     std::vector<std::string> halFormats =
-            splitString(halListValue.string(), AUDIO_PARAMETER_VALUE_LIST_SEPARATOR[0]);
+            splitString(halListValue.c_str(), AUDIO_PARAMETER_VALUE_LIST_SEPARATOR[0]);
     hidl_vec<AudioFormat> formats;
     (void)HidlUtils::audioFormatsFromHal(halFormats, &formats);
     std::vector<AudioProfile> tempProfiles;
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@
         result = getParam(AudioParameter::keyStreamSupportedSamplingRates, &halListValue, context);
         if (result != Result::OK) break;
         std::vector<std::string> halSampleRates =
-                splitString(halListValue.string(), AUDIO_PARAMETER_VALUE_LIST_SEPARATOR[0]);
+                splitString(halListValue.c_str(), AUDIO_PARAMETER_VALUE_LIST_SEPARATOR[0]);
         hidl_vec<uint32_t> sampleRates;
         sampleRates.resize(halSampleRates.size());
         for (size_t i = 0; i < sampleRates.size(); ++i) {
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@
         result = getParam(AudioParameter::keyStreamSupportedChannels, &halListValue, context);
         if (result != Result::OK) break;
         std::vector<std::string> halChannelMasks =
-                splitString(halListValue.string(), AUDIO_PARAMETER_VALUE_LIST_SEPARATOR[0]);
+                splitString(halListValue.c_str(), AUDIO_PARAMETER_VALUE_LIST_SEPARATOR[0]);
         hidl_vec<AudioChannelMask> channelMasks;
         (void)HidlUtils::audioChannelMasksFromHal(halChannelMasks, &channelMasks);
         // Create a profile.
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.cpp b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.cpp
index 5aecd32..4a9e144 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.cpp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.cpp
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@
 
 Effect::~Effect() {
     ATRACE_CALL();
-    (void)close();
+    auto [_, handle] = closeImpl();
     if (mProcessThread.get()) {
         ATRACE_NAME("mProcessThread->join");
         status_t status = mProcessThread->join();
@@ -328,11 +328,10 @@
     mInBuffer.clear();
     mOutBuffer.clear();
 #if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-    int status = EffectRelease(mHandle);
-    ALOGW_IF(status, "Error releasing effect %p: %s", mHandle, strerror(-status));
+    int status = EffectRelease(handle);
+    ALOGW_IF(status, "Error releasing effect %p: %s", handle, strerror(-status));
 #endif
-    EffectMap::getInstance().remove(mHandle);
-    mHandle = 0;
+    EffectMap::getInstance().remove(handle);
 }
 
 // static
@@ -459,7 +458,19 @@
     }
 }
 
-void Effect::getConfigImpl(int commandCode, const char* commandName, GetConfigCallback cb) {
+#define RETURN_IF_EFFECT_CLOSED()          \
+    if (mHandle == kInvalidEffectHandle) { \
+        return Result::INVALID_STATE;      \
+    }
+#define RETURN_RESULT_IF_EFFECT_CLOSED(result)   \
+    if (mHandle == kInvalidEffectHandle) {       \
+        _hidl_cb(Result::INVALID_STATE, result); \
+        return Void();                           \
+    }
+
+Return<void> Effect::getConfigImpl(int commandCode, const char* commandName,
+                                   GetConfigCallback _hidl_cb) {
+    RETURN_RESULT_IF_EFFECT_CLOSED(EffectConfig());
     uint32_t halResultSize = sizeof(effect_config_t);
     effect_config_t halConfig{};
     status_t status =
@@ -468,7 +479,8 @@
     if (status == OK) {
         status = EffectUtils::effectConfigFromHal(halConfig, mIsInput, &config);
     }
-    cb(analyzeCommandStatus(commandName, sContextCallToCommand, status), config);
+    _hidl_cb(analyzeCommandStatus(commandName, sContextCallToCommand, status), config);
+    return Void();
 }
 
 Result Effect::getCurrentConfigImpl(uint32_t featureId, uint32_t configSize,
@@ -530,6 +542,7 @@
 }
 
 Return<void> Effect::prepareForProcessing(prepareForProcessing_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    RETURN_RESULT_IF_EFFECT_CLOSED(StatusMQ::Descriptor());
     status_t status;
     // Create message queue.
     if (mStatusMQ) {
@@ -576,6 +589,7 @@
 
 Return<Result> Effect::setProcessBuffers(const AudioBuffer& inBuffer,
                                          const AudioBuffer& outBuffer) {
+    RETURN_IF_EFFECT_CLOSED();
     AudioBufferManager& manager = AudioBufferManager::getInstance();
     sp<AudioBufferWrapper> tempInBuffer, tempOutBuffer;
     if (!manager.wrap(inBuffer, &tempInBuffer)) {
@@ -600,6 +614,7 @@
 }
 
 Result Effect::sendCommand(int commandCode, const char* commandName, uint32_t size, void* data) {
+    RETURN_IF_EFFECT_CLOSED();
     status_t status = (*mHandle)->command(mHandle, commandCode, size, data, 0, NULL);
     return analyzeCommandStatus(commandName, sContextCallToCommand, status);
 }
@@ -611,6 +626,7 @@
 
 Result Effect::sendCommandReturningData(int commandCode, const char* commandName, uint32_t size,
                                         void* data, uint32_t* replySize, void* replyData) {
+    RETURN_IF_EFFECT_CLOSED();
     uint32_t expectedReplySize = *replySize;
     status_t status = (*mHandle)->command(mHandle, commandCode, size, data, replySize, replyData);
     if (status == OK && *replySize != expectedReplySize) {
@@ -635,6 +651,7 @@
                                                  uint32_t size, void* data, uint32_t* replySize,
                                                  void* replyData, uint32_t minReplySize,
                                                  CommandSuccessCallback onSuccess) {
+    RETURN_IF_EFFECT_CLOSED();
     status_t status = (*mHandle)->command(mHandle, commandCode, size, data, replySize, replyData);
     Result retval;
     if (status == OK && minReplySize >= sizeof(uint32_t) && *replySize >= minReplySize) {
@@ -792,13 +809,11 @@
 }
 
 Return<void> Effect::getConfig(getConfig_cb _hidl_cb) {
-    getConfigImpl(EFFECT_CMD_GET_CONFIG, "GET_CONFIG", _hidl_cb);
-    return Void();
+    return getConfigImpl(EFFECT_CMD_GET_CONFIG, "GET_CONFIG", _hidl_cb);
 }
 
 Return<void> Effect::getConfigReverse(getConfigReverse_cb _hidl_cb) {
-    getConfigImpl(EFFECT_CMD_GET_CONFIG_REVERSE, "GET_CONFIG_REVERSE", _hidl_cb);
-    return Void();
+    return getConfigImpl(EFFECT_CMD_GET_CONFIG_REVERSE, "GET_CONFIG_REVERSE", _hidl_cb);
 }
 
 Return<void> Effect::getSupportedAuxChannelsConfigs(uint32_t maxConfigs,
@@ -845,6 +860,7 @@
 }
 
 Return<void> Effect::getDescriptor(getDescriptor_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    RETURN_RESULT_IF_EFFECT_CLOSED(EffectDescriptor());
     effect_descriptor_t halDescriptor;
     memset(&halDescriptor, 0, sizeof(effect_descriptor_t));
     status_t status = (*mHandle)->get_descriptor(mHandle, &halDescriptor);
@@ -858,6 +874,10 @@
 
 Return<void> Effect::command(uint32_t commandId, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data,
                              uint32_t resultMaxSize, command_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    if (mHandle == kInvalidEffectHandle) {
+        _hidl_cb(-ENODATA, hidl_vec<uint8_t>());
+        return Void();
+    }
     uint32_t halDataSize;
     std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> halData = hidlVecToHal(data, &halDataSize);
     uint32_t halResultSize = resultMaxSize;
@@ -942,26 +962,33 @@
                                       halCmd.size(), &halCmd[0]);
 }
 
-Return<Result> Effect::close() {
+std::tuple<Result, effect_handle_t> Effect::closeImpl() {
     if (mStopProcessThread.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) {  // only this thread modifies
-        return Result::INVALID_STATE;
+        return {Result::INVALID_STATE, kInvalidEffectHandle};
     }
     mStopProcessThread.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
     if (mEfGroup) {
         mEfGroup->wake(static_cast<uint32_t>(MessageQueueFlagBits::REQUEST_QUIT));
     }
+    effect_handle_t handle = mHandle;
+    mHandle = kInvalidEffectHandle;
 #if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-    return Result::OK;
+    return {Result::OK, handle};
 #elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
     // No need to join the processing thread, it is part of the API contract that the client
     // must finish processing before closing the effect.
-    Result retval =
-            analyzeStatus("EffectRelease", "", sContextCallFunction, EffectRelease(mHandle));
-    EffectMap::getInstance().remove(mHandle);
-    return retval;
+    Result retval = analyzeStatus("EffectRelease", "", sContextCallFunction, EffectRelease(handle));
+    EffectMap::getInstance().remove(handle);
+    return {retval, handle};
 #endif
 }
 
+Return<Result> Effect::close() {
+    RETURN_IF_EFFECT_CLOSED();
+    auto [result, _] = closeImpl();
+    return result;
+}
+
 Return<void> Effect::debug(const hidl_handle& fd, const hidl_vec<hidl_string>& /* options */) {
     if (fd.getNativeHandle() != nullptr && fd->numFds == 1) {
         uint32_t cmdData = fd->data[0];
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.h b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.h
index 5d8dccc..2bcecec 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.h
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.h
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 #include <atomic>
 #include <memory>
+#include <tuple>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <fmq/EventFlag.h>
@@ -186,6 +187,7 @@
 
     // Sets the limit on the maximum size of vendor-provided data structures.
     static constexpr size_t kMaxDataSize = 1 << 20;
+    static constexpr effect_handle_t kInvalidEffectHandle = nullptr;
 
     static const char* sContextResultOfCommand;
     static const char* sContextCallToCommand;
@@ -208,6 +210,7 @@
     static size_t alignedSizeIn(size_t s);
     template <typename T>
     std::unique_ptr<uint8_t[]> hidlVecToHal(const hidl_vec<T>& vec, uint32_t* halDataSize);
+    std::tuple<Result, effect_handle_t> closeImpl();
     void effectAuxChannelsConfigFromHal(const channel_config_t& halConfig,
                                         EffectAuxChannelsConfig* config);
     static void effectAuxChannelsConfigToHal(const EffectAuxChannelsConfig& config,
@@ -218,7 +221,8 @@
                                const void** valueData, std::vector<uint8_t>* halParamBuffer);
 
     Result analyzeCommandStatus(const char* commandName, const char* context, status_t status);
-    void getConfigImpl(int commandCode, const char* commandName, GetConfigCallback cb);
+    Return<void> getConfigImpl(int commandCode, const char* commandName,
+                               GetConfigCallback _hidl_cb);
     Result getCurrentConfigImpl(uint32_t featureId, uint32_t configSize,
                                 GetCurrentConfigSuccessCallback onSuccess);
     Result getSupportedConfigsImpl(uint32_t featureId, uint32_t maxConfigs, uint32_t configSize,
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
index d95bb06..ff84f9d 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
@@ -169,13 +169,15 @@
     0xfe3199be, 0xaed0, 0x413f, 0x87bb,
     std::array<uint8_t, 6>{{0x11, 0x26, 0x0e, 0xb6, 0x3c, 0xf1}}};
 
-enum { PARAM_FACTORY_NAME, PARAM_EFFECT_UUID };
-using EffectParameter = std::tuple<std::string, Uuid>;
+enum { PARAM_FACTORY_NAME, PARAM_EFFECT_UUID, PARAM_USE_AFTER_CLOSE };
+using EffectParameter = std::tuple<std::string, Uuid, bool>;
 
 static inline std::string EffectParameterToString(
         const ::testing::TestParamInfo<EffectParameter>& info) {
-    return ::android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString(::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>{
-            std::get<PARAM_FACTORY_NAME>(info.param), info.index});
+    std::string prefix = std::get<PARAM_USE_AFTER_CLOSE>(info.param) ? "UseAfterClose_" : "";
+    return prefix.append(
+            ::android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString(::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>{
+                    std::get<PARAM_FACTORY_NAME>(info.param), info.index}));
 }
 
 // The main test class for Audio Effect HIDL HAL.
@@ -191,6 +193,13 @@
         Return<Result> ret = effect->init();
         ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
         ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+
+        useAfterClose = std::get<PARAM_USE_AFTER_CLOSE>(GetParam());
+        if (useAfterClose) {
+            Return<Result> ret = effect->close();
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+        }
     }
 
     void TearDown() override {
@@ -205,14 +214,34 @@
 
     Uuid getEffectType() const { return std::get<PARAM_EFFECT_UUID>(GetParam()); }
 
+    void checkResult(const Result& result);
+    void checkResultForUseAfterClose(const Result& result);
     void findAndCreateEffect(const Uuid& type);
     void findEffectInstance(const Uuid& type, Uuid* uuid);
     void getChannelCount(uint32_t* channelCount);
 
     sp<IEffectsFactory> effectsFactory;
     sp<IEffect> effect;
+    bool useAfterClose;
 };
 
+void AudioEffectHidlTest::checkResult(const Result& result) {
+    if (!useAfterClose) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, result);
+    } else {
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(result));
+    }
+}
+
+void AudioEffectHidlTest::checkResultForUseAfterClose(const Result& result) {
+    if (useAfterClose) {
+        // The actual error does not matter. It's important that the effect did not crash
+        // while executing any command after a call to "close", and that the returned status
+        // is not OK.
+        ASSERT_NE(Result::OK, result);
+    }
+}
+
 void AudioEffectHidlTest::findAndCreateEffect(const Uuid& type) {
     Uuid effectUuid;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(findEffectInstance(type, &effectUuid));
@@ -257,7 +286,11 @@
         }
     });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+    if (useAfterClose) {
+        *channelCount = 1;
+        return;
+    }
 #if MAJOR_VERSION <= 6
     ASSERT_TRUE(audio_channel_mask_is_valid(
         static_cast<audio_channel_mask_t>(currentConfig.outputCfg.channels)));
@@ -276,7 +309,7 @@
     description("Verify that an effect can be closed");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->close();
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetDescriptor) {
@@ -290,7 +323,8 @@
         }
     });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+    if (useAfterClose) return;
     EXPECT_EQ(getEffectType(), actualType);
 }
 
@@ -307,7 +341,8 @@
         }
     });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+    if (useAfterClose) return;
     Return<Result> ret2 = effect->setConfig(currentConfig, nullptr, nullptr);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret2.isOk());
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret2);
@@ -336,7 +371,8 @@
         }
     });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+    if (useAfterClose) return;
     for (const auto& invalidInputCfg : generateInvalidConfigs(currentConfig.inputCfg)) {
         EffectConfig invalidConfig = currentConfig;
         invalidConfig.inputCfg = invalidInputCfg;
@@ -356,27 +392,35 @@
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetConfigReverse) {
     description("Verify that GetConfigReverse does not crash");
-    Return<void> ret = effect->getConfigReverse([&](Result, const EffectConfig&) {});
+    Result retval = Result::OK;
+    Return<void> ret = effect->getConfigReverse([&](Result r, const EffectConfig&) { retval = r; });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(retval));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSupportedAuxChannelsConfigs) {
     description("Verify that GetSupportedAuxChannelsConfigs does not crash");
+    Result retval = Result::OK;
     Return<void> ret = effect->getSupportedAuxChannelsConfigs(
-        0, [&](Result, const hidl_vec<EffectAuxChannelsConfig>&) {});
+            0, [&](Result r, const hidl_vec<EffectAuxChannelsConfig>&) { retval = r; });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(retval));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetAuxChannelsConfig) {
     description("Verify that GetAuxChannelsConfig does not crash");
-    Return<void> ret = effect->getAuxChannelsConfig([&](Result, const EffectAuxChannelsConfig&) {});
+    Result retval = Result::OK;
+    Return<void> ret = effect->getAuxChannelsConfig(
+            [&](Result r, const EffectAuxChannelsConfig&) { retval = r; });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(retval));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAuxChannelsConfig) {
     description("Verify that SetAuxChannelsConfig does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setAuxChannelsConfig(EffectAuxChannelsConfig());
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(ret));
 }
 
 // Not generated automatically because AudioBuffer contains
@@ -427,45 +471,56 @@
     description("Verify that Reset preserves effect configuration");
     Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
     EffectConfig originalConfig;
-    Return<void> ret = effect->getConfig([&](Result r, const EffectConfig& conf) {
-        retval = r;
-        if (r == Result::OK) {
-            originalConfig = conf;
-        }
-    });
-    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    if (!useAfterClose) {
+        Return<void> ret = effect->getConfig([&](Result r, const EffectConfig& conf) {
+            retval = r;
+            if (r == Result::OK) {
+                originalConfig = conf;
+            }
+        });
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    }
     Return<Result> ret2 = effect->reset();
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret2.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret2);
-    EffectConfig configAfterReset;
-    ret = effect->getConfig([&](Result r, const EffectConfig& conf) {
-        retval = r;
-        if (r == Result::OK) {
-            configAfterReset = conf;
-        }
-    });
-    EXPECT_EQ(originalConfig, configAfterReset);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret2));
+    if (!useAfterClose) {
+        EffectConfig configAfterReset;
+        Return<void> ret = effect->getConfig([&](Result r, const EffectConfig& conf) {
+            retval = r;
+            if (r == Result::OK) {
+                configAfterReset = conf;
+            }
+        });
+        EXPECT_EQ(originalConfig, configAfterReset);
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, DisableEnableDisable) {
     description("Verify Disable -> Enable -> Disable sequence for an effect");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->disable();
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    // Note: some legacy effects may return -EINVAL (INVALID_ARGUMENTS),
-    //       more canonical is to return -ENOSYS (NOT_SUPPORTED)
-    EXPECT_TRUE(ret == Result::NOT_SUPPORTED || ret == Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS);
+    if (!useAfterClose) {
+        // Note: some legacy effects may return -EINVAL (INVALID_ARGUMENTS),
+        //       more canonical is to return -ENOSYS (NOT_SUPPORTED)
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ret == Result::NOT_SUPPORTED || ret == Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS);
+    } else {
+        EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(ret));
+    }
     ret = effect->enable();
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret));
     ret = effect->disable();
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret));
 }
 
 #if MAJOR_VERSION >= 7
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetDeviceInvalidDeviceAddress) {
     description("Verify that invalid device address is rejected by SetDevice");
+    if (useAfterClose) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Does not make sense for the useAfterClose case";
+    }
     DeviceAddress device{.deviceType = "random_string"};
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setDevice(device);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -482,13 +537,13 @@
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setDevice(device);
 #endif
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAndGetVolume) {
     description("Verify that SetAndGetVolume method works for an effect");
     uint32_t channelCount;
-    getChannelCount(&channelCount);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getChannelCount(&channelCount));
     hidl_vec<uint32_t> volumes;
     volumes.resize(channelCount);
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < channelCount; ++i) {
@@ -498,13 +553,13 @@
     Return<void> ret =
         effect->setAndGetVolume(volumes, [&](Result r, const hidl_vec<uint32_t>&) { retval = r; });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, VolumeChangeNotification) {
     description("Verify that effect accepts VolumeChangeNotification");
     uint32_t channelCount;
-    getChannelCount(&channelCount);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getChannelCount(&channelCount));
     hidl_vec<uint32_t> volumes;
     volumes.resize(channelCount);
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < channelCount; ++i) {
@@ -512,25 +567,29 @@
     }
     Return<Result> ret = effect->volumeChangeNotification(volumes);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAudioMode) {
     description("Verify that SetAudioMode works for an effect");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setAudioMode(AudioMode::NORMAL);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetConfigReverse) {
     description("Verify that SetConfigReverse does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setConfigReverse(EffectConfig(), nullptr, nullptr);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(ret));
 }
 
 #if MAJOR_VERSION >= 7
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetInputDeviceInvalidDeviceAddress) {
     description("Verify that invalid device address is rejected by SetInputDevice");
+    if (useAfterClose) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Does not make sense for the useAfterClose case";
+    }
     DeviceAddress device{.deviceType = "random_string"};
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setInputDevice(device);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -548,11 +607,15 @@
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setInputDevice(device);
 #endif
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(ret));
 }
 
 #if MAJOR_VERSION >= 7
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetInvalidAudioSource) {
     description("Verify that an invalid audio source is rejected by SetAudioSource");
+    if (useAfterClose) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Does not make sense for the useAfterClose case";
+    }
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setAudioSource("random_string");
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret == Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS || ret == Result::NOT_SUPPORTED)
@@ -568,12 +631,14 @@
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setAudioSource(toString(xsd::AudioSource::AUDIO_SOURCE_MIC));
 #endif
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(ret));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, Offload) {
     description("Verify that calling Offload method does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->offload(EffectOffloadParameter{});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(ret));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, PrepareForProcessing) {
@@ -582,7 +647,7 @@
     Return<void> ret = effect->prepareForProcessing(
         [&](Result r, const MQDescriptorSync<Result>&) { retval = r; });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetProcessBuffers) {
@@ -601,7 +666,7 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(success);
     Return<Result> ret2 = effect->setProcessBuffers(buffer, buffer);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret2.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret2);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret2));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, Command) {
@@ -615,6 +680,7 @@
     description("Verify that SetParameter does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setParameter(hidl_vec<uint8_t>(), hidl_vec<uint8_t>());
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(ret));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetParameter) {
@@ -630,6 +696,9 @@
     if (!isNewDeviceLaunchingOnTPlus) {
         GTEST_SKIP() << "The test only applies to devices launching on T or later";
     }
+    if (useAfterClose) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Does not make sense for the useAfterClose case";
+    }
     // Use a non-empty parameter to avoid being rejected by any earlier checks.
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> parameter;
     parameter.resize(16);
@@ -647,16 +716,20 @@
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSupportedConfigsForFeature) {
     description("Verify that GetSupportedConfigsForFeature does not crash");
+    Result retval = Result::OK;
     Return<void> ret = effect->getSupportedConfigsForFeature(
-        0, 0, 0, [&](Result, uint32_t, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {});
+            0, 0, 0, [&](Result r, uint32_t, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) { retval = r; });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(retval));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetCurrentConfigForFeature) {
     description("Verify that GetCurrentConfigForFeature does not crash");
-    Return<void> ret =
-        effect->getCurrentConfigForFeature(0, 0, [&](Result, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {});
+    Result retval = Result::OK;
+    Return<void> ret = effect->getCurrentConfigForFeature(
+            0, 0, [&](Result r, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) { retval = r; });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResultForUseAfterClose(retval));
 }
 
 TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetCurrentConfigForFeature) {
@@ -671,6 +744,9 @@
     if (!isNewDeviceLaunchingOnTPlus) {
         GTEST_SKIP() << "The test only applies to devices launching on T or later";
     }
+    if (useAfterClose) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Does not make sense for the useAfterClose case";
+    }
     // Use very large size to ensure that the service does not crash.
     const uint32_t veryLargeConfigSize = std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max() - 100;
     Result retval = Result::OK;
@@ -687,6 +763,9 @@
     if (!isNewDeviceLaunchingOnTPlus) {
         GTEST_SKIP() << "The test only applies to devices launching on T or later";
     }
+    if (useAfterClose) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Does not make sense for the useAfterClose case";
+    }
     // Use very large size to ensure that the service does not crash.
     const uint32_t veryLargeConfigSize = std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max() - 100;
     Result retval = Result::OK;
@@ -729,7 +808,8 @@
         }
     });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+    if (useAfterClose) *numBands = 1;
 }
 
 void EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest::getLevelRange(int16_t* minLevel, int16_t* maxLevel) {
@@ -742,7 +822,11 @@
         }
     });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+    if (useAfterClose) {
+        *minLevel = 0;
+        *maxLevel = 255;
+    }
 }
 
 void EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest::getBandFrequencyRange(uint16_t band, uint32_t* minFreq,
@@ -757,7 +841,7 @@
             }
         });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
     ret = equalizer->getBandCenterFrequency(band, [&](Result r, uint32_t center) {
         retval = r;
         if (retval == Result::OK) {
@@ -765,7 +849,12 @@
         }
     });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+    if (useAfterClose) {
+        *minFreq = 20;
+        *centerFreq = 10000;
+        *maxFreq = 20000;
+    }
 }
 
 void EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest::getPresetCount(size_t* count) {
@@ -777,37 +866,38 @@
         }
     });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+    if (useAfterClose) *count = 1;
 }
 
 TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetNumBands) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect reports at least one band");
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
-    getNumBands(&numBands);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getNumBands(&numBands));
     EXPECT_GT(numBands, 0);
 }
 
 TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetLevelRange) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect reports adequate band level range");
     int16_t minLevel = 0x7fff, maxLevel = 0;
-    getLevelRange(&minLevel, &maxLevel);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getLevelRange(&minLevel, &maxLevel));
     EXPECT_GT(maxLevel, minLevel);
 }
 
 TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetBandLevel) {
     description("Verify that manipulating band levels works for Equalizer effect");
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
-    getNumBands(&numBands);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getNumBands(&numBands));
     ASSERT_GT(numBands, 0);
     int16_t levels[3]{0x7fff, 0, 0};
-    getLevelRange(&levels[0], &levels[2]);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getLevelRange(&levels[0], &levels[2]));
     ASSERT_GT(levels[2], levels[0]);
     levels[1] = (levels[2] + levels[0]) / 2;
     for (uint16_t i = 0; i < numBands; ++i) {
         for (size_t j = 0; j < ARRAY_SIZE(levels); ++j) {
             Return<Result> ret = equalizer->setBandLevel(i, levels[j]);
             EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-            EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+            EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret));
             Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
             int16_t actualLevel;
             Return<void> ret2 = equalizer->getBandLevel(i, [&](Result r, int16_t l) {
@@ -817,8 +907,10 @@
                 }
             });
             EXPECT_TRUE(ret2.isOk());
-            EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
-            EXPECT_EQ(levels[j], actualLevel);
+            EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+            if (!useAfterClose) {
+                EXPECT_EQ(levels[j], actualLevel);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -826,11 +918,11 @@
 TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetBandCenterFrequencyAndRange) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect reports adequate band frequency range");
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
-    getNumBands(&numBands);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getNumBands(&numBands));
     ASSERT_GT(numBands, 0);
     for (uint16_t i = 0; i < numBands; ++i) {
         uint32_t minFreq = 0xffffffff, centerFreq = 0xffffffff, maxFreq = 0xffffffff;
-        getBandFrequencyRange(i, &minFreq, &centerFreq, &maxFreq);
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getBandFrequencyRange(i, &minFreq, &centerFreq, &maxFreq));
         // Note: NXP legacy implementation reports "1" as upper bound for last band,
         // so this check fails.
         EXPECT_GE(maxFreq, centerFreq);
@@ -841,7 +933,7 @@
 TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetBandForFrequency) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect supports GetBandForFrequency correctly");
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
-    getNumBands(&numBands);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getNumBands(&numBands));
     ASSERT_GT(numBands, 0);
     for (uint16_t i = 0; i < numBands; ++i) {
         uint32_t freqs[3]{0, 0, 0};
@@ -861,8 +953,10 @@
                 }
             });
             EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-            EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
-            EXPECT_EQ(i, actualBand) << "Frequency: " << freqs[j];
+            EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+            if (!useAfterClose) {
+                EXPECT_EQ(i, actualBand) << "Frequency: " << freqs[j];
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -870,19 +964,19 @@
 TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetPresetNames) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect reports at least one preset");
     size_t presetCount;
-    getPresetCount(&presetCount);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getPresetCount(&presetCount));
     EXPECT_GT(presetCount, 0u);
 }
 
 TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetCurrentPreset) {
     description("Verify that manipulating the current preset for Equalizer effect");
     size_t presetCount;
-    getPresetCount(&presetCount);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getPresetCount(&presetCount));
     ASSERT_GT(presetCount, 0u);
     for (uint16_t i = 0; i < presetCount; ++i) {
         Return<Result> ret = equalizer->setCurrentPreset(i);
         EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-        EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+        EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret));
         Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
         uint16_t actualPreset = 0xffff;
         Return<void> ret2 = equalizer->getCurrentPreset([&](Result r, uint16_t p) {
@@ -892,8 +986,10 @@
             }
         });
         EXPECT_TRUE(ret2.isOk());
-        EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
-        EXPECT_EQ(i, actualPreset);
+        EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+        if (!useAfterClose) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(i, actualPreset);
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -904,7 +1000,7 @@
     using AllProperties =
         ::android::hardware::audio::effect::CPP_VERSION::IEqualizerEffect::AllProperties;
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
-    getNumBands(&numBands);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(getNumBands(&numBands));
     ASSERT_GT(numBands, 0);
     AllProperties props;
     props.bandLevels.resize(numBands);
@@ -919,7 +1015,7 @@
     props.curPreset = -1;
     Return<Result> ret = equalizer->setAllProperties(props);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret));
     Return<void> ret2 = equalizer->getAllProperties([&](Result r, AllProperties p) {
         retval = r;
         if (retval == Result::OK) {
@@ -927,14 +1023,16 @@
         }
     });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret2.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
-    EXPECT_EQ(props.bandLevels, actualProps.bandLevels);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+    if (!useAfterClose) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(props.bandLevels, actualProps.bandLevels);
+    }
 
     // Verify setting of the current preset via properties.
     props.curPreset = 0;  // Assuming there is at least one preset.
     ret = equalizer->setAllProperties(props);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret));
     ret2 = equalizer->getAllProperties([&](Result r, AllProperties p) {
         retval = r;
         if (retval == Result::OK) {
@@ -942,8 +1040,10 @@
         }
     });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret2.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
-    EXPECT_EQ(props.curPreset, actualProps.curPreset);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+    if (!useAfterClose) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(props.curPreset, actualProps.curPreset);
+    }
 }
 
 // The main test class for Equalizer Audio Effect HIDL HAL.
@@ -971,7 +1071,7 @@
     const int32_t gain = 100;
     Return<Result> ret = enhancer->setTargetGain(gain);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(ret));
     int32_t actualGain = 0;
     Result retval;
     Return<void> ret2 = enhancer->getTargetGain([&](Result r, int32_t g) {
@@ -981,8 +1081,10 @@
         }
     });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret2.isOk());
-    EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
-    EXPECT_EQ(gain, actualGain);
+    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(checkResult(retval));
+    if (!useAfterClose) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(gain, actualGain);
+    }
 }
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(EffectsFactory, AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest,
@@ -993,25 +1095,29 @@
         Equalizer_IEffect, AudioEffectHidlTest,
         ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
                                    IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
-                           ::testing::Values(EQUALIZER_EFFECT_TYPE)),
+                           ::testing::Values(EQUALIZER_EFFECT_TYPE),
+                           ::testing::Values(false, true) /*useAfterClose*/),
         EffectParameterToString);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         LoudnessEnhancer_IEffect, AudioEffectHidlTest,
         ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
                                    IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
-                           ::testing::Values(LOUDNESS_ENHANCER_EFFECT_TYPE)),
+                           ::testing::Values(LOUDNESS_ENHANCER_EFFECT_TYPE),
+                           ::testing::Values(false, true) /*useAfterClose*/),
         EffectParameterToString);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         Equalizer, EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest,
         ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
                                    IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
-                           ::testing::Values(EQUALIZER_EFFECT_TYPE)),
+                           ::testing::Values(EQUALIZER_EFFECT_TYPE),
+                           ::testing::Values(false, true) /*useAfterClose*/),
         EffectParameterToString);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         LoudnessEnhancer, LoudnessEnhancerAudioEffectHidlTest,
         ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
                                    IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
-                           ::testing::Values(LOUDNESS_ENHANCER_EFFECT_TYPE)),
+                           ::testing::Values(LOUDNESS_ENHANCER_EFFECT_TYPE),
+                           ::testing::Values(false, true) /*useAfterClose*/),
         EffectParameterToString);
 // When the VTS test runs on a device lacking the corresponding HAL version the parameter
 // list is empty, this isn't a problem.
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/current.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/current.txt
index 84a2b71..01d77d7 100644
--- a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/current.txt
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/current.txt
@@ -209,11 +209,13 @@
   public enum UsageEnumType {
     method public String getRawName();
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ALARM;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ANNOUNCEMENT;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_ACCESSIBILITY;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_NAVIGATION_GUIDANCE;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_SONIFICATION;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_CALL_ASSISTANT;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_EMERGENCY;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_GAME;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION;
@@ -222,7 +224,9 @@
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_COMMUNICATION_REQUEST;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_EVENT;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_TELEPHONY_RINGTONE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_SAFETY;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_UNKNOWN;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VEHICLE_STATUS;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION_SIGNALLING;
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd
index b58a6c8..40396bb 100644
--- a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd
@@ -359,6 +359,10 @@
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_CALL_ASSISTANT"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_EMERGENCY" />
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_SAFETY" />
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_VEHICLE_STATUS" />
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ANNOUNCEMENT" />
         </xs:restriction>
     </xs:simpleType>
 
diff --git a/authsecret/aidl/default/Android.bp b/authsecret/aidl/default/Android.bp
index 7ce83fd..7e6e48b 100644
--- a/authsecret/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/authsecret/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -26,16 +26,60 @@
 cc_binary {
     name: "android.hardware.authsecret-service.example",
     relative_install_path: "hw",
-    init_rc: ["android.hardware.authsecret-service.example.rc"],
-    vintf_fragments: ["android.hardware.authsecret-service.example.xml"],
     vendor: true,
     srcs: [
         "service.cpp",
         "AuthSecret.cpp",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "liblog",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.authsecret-V1-ndk",
         "libbase",
-        "libbinder_ndk",
+    ],
+    stl: "c++_static",
+}
+
+prebuilt_etc {
+    name: "android.hardware.authsecret-service.example.rc",
+    src: "android.hardware.authsecret-service.example.rc",
+    installable: false,
+}
+
+prebuilt_etc {
+    name: "android.hardware.authsecret-service.example.xml",
+    src: "android.hardware.authsecret-service.example.xml",
+    sub_dir: "vintf",
+    installable: false,
+}
+
+apex_key {
+    name: "com.android.hardware.authsecret.key",
+    public_key: "com.android.hardware.authsecret.avbpubkey",
+    private_key: "com.android.hardware.authsecret.pem",
+}
+
+android_app_certificate {
+    name: "com.android.hardware.authsecret.certificate",
+    certificate: "com.android.hardware.authsecret",
+}
+
+apex {
+    name: "com.android.hardware.authsecret",
+    manifest: "manifest.json",
+    file_contexts: "file_contexts",
+    key: "com.android.hardware.authsecret.key",
+    certificate: ":com.android.hardware.authsecret.certificate",
+    updatable: false,
+    vendor: true,
+
+    binaries: [
+        "android.hardware.authsecret-service.example",
+    ],
+    prebuilts: [
+        "android.hardware.authsecret-service.example.rc", // init_rc
+        "android.hardware.authsecret-service.example.xml", // vintf_fragments
     ],
 }
diff --git a/authsecret/aidl/default/android.hardware.authsecret-service.example.rc b/authsecret/aidl/default/android.hardware.authsecret-service.example.rc
index fef6e24..9f51837 100644
--- a/authsecret/aidl/default/android.hardware.authsecret-service.example.rc
+++ b/authsecret/aidl/default/android.hardware.authsecret-service.example.rc
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-service vendor.authsecret_default /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.authsecret-service.example
+service vendor.authsecret_default /apex/com.android.hardware.authsecret/bin/hw/android.hardware.authsecret-service.example
     class hal
     user hsm
     group hsm
diff --git a/authsecret/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.authsecret.avbpubkey b/authsecret/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.authsecret.avbpubkey
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2fb5f0b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/authsecret/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.authsecret.avbpubkey
Binary files differ
diff --git a/authsecret/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.authsecret.pem b/authsecret/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.authsecret.pem
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..644868c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/authsecret/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.authsecret.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----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+PvykQpPYGiIfv1MMHWA+rPDzMtf1uUQ18vzzN7RaZll88pletC7mc7qgBaucQVvB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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/authsecret/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.authsecret.pk8 b/authsecret/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.authsecret.pk8
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1453366
--- /dev/null
+++ b/authsecret/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.authsecret.pk8
Binary files differ
diff --git a/authsecret/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.authsecret.x509.pem b/authsecret/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.authsecret.x509.pem
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71fe854
--- /dev/null
+++ b/authsecret/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.authsecret.x509.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIF4zCCA8sCFH8r8uUt7ZiBGNZm/OxNbzMI34N3MA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMIGs
+MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzETMBEGA1UECAwKQ2FsaWZvcm5pYTEWMBQGA1UEBwwNTW91
+bnRhaW4gVmlldzEQMA4GA1UECgwHQW5kcm9pZDEQMA4GA1UECwwHQW5kcm9pZDEi
+MCAGCSqGSIb3DQEJARYTYW5kcm9pZEBhbmRyb2lkLmNvbTEoMCYGA1UEAwwfY29t
+LmFuZHJvaWQuaGFyZHdhcmUuYXV0aHNlY3JldDAgFw0yMzA4MTgwNzA3MDFaGA80
+NzYxMDcxNDA3MDcwMVowgawxCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVTMRMwEQYDVQQIDApDYWxpZm9y
+bmlhMRYwFAYDVQQHDA1Nb3VudGFpbiBWaWV3MRAwDgYDVQQKDAdBbmRyb2lkMRAw
+DgYDVQQLDAdBbmRyb2lkMSIwIAYJKoZIhvcNAQkBFhNhbmRyb2lkQGFuZHJvaWQu
+Y29tMSgwJgYDVQQDDB9jb20uYW5kcm9pZC5oYXJkd2FyZS5hdXRoc2VjcmV0MIIC
+IjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAg8AMIICCgKCAgEA1+ml99ip2TVpYdJXxqVnizLg
+/DAnOUy5rZE+mCpjua1zyHl7GFFnseq6GO5wftptWekcC9fVSPxg1YS+RVduRcNz
+rt3mCsJ60DexaHrElITc1GCC1vzyt9cg6UtmdYg+OXSPlfWZE2T7OLfGWrhU56El
+IFt1eQDu5RDBOHZ2/N30KmKXv3yhpdl5un/kaC6q6p1PPih0aYXT2PrHsyN17wBl
+smhhpWNg/OAzFhWKwFcSTLMCOAI+pjqWKqXmjQ1awBly+lLAtHEBxxEUDMD6Z4lv
+2OGftL9bdseb1Wbj2bgj22bkfwWj5Yu77ilz5H27aLxQouQsmSfBkVgLq6seQMzd
+ovg+MOFb9iyWgcWkGg7eKdSzjfzCKQ/d2GOxEqwGofEYUOxYM1+a0Fnb7vUtgT/v
+I4tJCgXxAMFtsYGySC+gBhNx7vqLfo/8gtcZjJL6PRtRJ2V7hF9x3xKFa2/6qOLn
+UD/R5z+uwzaEqom+AmmmKNdWtn58nBns7EGq/3KVPcb7CSi9Xf6CCJiV+AmRaBSx
+2CtLt1fBX46LM3bV+iw7ZFAYAAXE3j6FgpM/PlozQjl61TuomHQP1ILmu/988tiF
+FMbuRH6mI0u4VOkDBUg9lxmjr0uAVmysWmzkRrAKydzedsuG5WG6hy2ZcD+lCV05
+JzvE6pB65OaIEPB5cMECAwEAATANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFAAOCAgEAozFo1vOIy/Js
+/EU5oRtSGSIoWCNIn7EYQ68jVHQk2ZhklVH2jW+6WVGmreOjPz5iWeDb0fC4KVtH
+MPXJ1Vd+GfvDysrnW5mDBzlI1O2xv/BWYeHt+RFWghhH/NFHaTQqDJpdOZXMZM4F
+dwFefxLchcXftE9jihHJXJ4k0cxC03Kpd0caZE7b67W1YQdJhU9mZx6CP1A3MdWU
+f48QIsmHgejkihtGNDRheBRzNdpHPhdOjYIWhOeAHh/xnm7PVZBMXmZeNW7MrAS0
++lN99r7Xj3eqtSdrMrrob845PWYsATA/a8ouUuTT7812fl8tZx69xb8wV5hNztDj
+srOxxJbjt1uwcSp67f2K91D97CQuMMPnOt1oFEXT+5QtLEiybXKfkshwO7VVDoIg
+owMLoKIiA2Xr+rZn7CEBeTrqQuRJfJEI+k/49zg2zWQIKGQAz8iaO0l95Hk5kPTE
+A5i9qxhn0UqC6a4Dkj8ybQOACzVA06IsbbYdprfzURQHjcUiSrEzjrwWxkkX/9El
+Z0CJAtkXx4pMxo5s6zt26ZPC3cxWB7aageWSC4xDbKuQP5VCNVg1nWymg6nF4Xk9
+d7n7yvSNH6fAZrpmZo7o7CBxCb4QN8j7TpyuaPd7nzyCyR6aGbh7fz8xksukvj6w
+ZSbAAy5uw4hyUwTTpyPyw+qQxI7O/PU=
+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/authsecret/aidl/default/file_contexts b/authsecret/aidl/default/file_contexts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e79f26
--- /dev/null
+++ b/authsecret/aidl/default/file_contexts
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+(/.*)?                                                      u:object_r:vendor_file:s0
+/etc(/.*)?                                                  u:object_r:vendor_configs_file:s0
+/bin/hw/android\.hardware\.authsecret-service\.example      u:object_r:hal_authsecret_default_exec:s0
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/authsecret/aidl/default/manifest.json b/authsecret/aidl/default/manifest.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad5a45b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/authsecret/aidl/default/manifest.json
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+    "name": "com.android.hardware.authsecret",
+    "version": 1
+}
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/Android.bp
index c0d71d7..f0abbcf 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/Android.bp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/Android.bp
@@ -22,6 +22,6 @@
     name: "VehicleHalInterfaceDefaults",
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.automotive.vehicle-V2-ndk",
-        "android.hardware.automotive.vehicle.property-V2-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.automotive.vehicle.property-V3-ndk",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/aidl_test/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/aidl_test/Android.bp
index 44d7445..79ac309 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/aidl_test/Android.bp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/aidl_test/Android.bp
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.automotive.vehicle-V2-java",
-        "android.hardware.automotive.vehicle.property-V2-java",
+        "android.hardware.automotive.vehicle.property-V3-java",
         "androidx.test.runner",
         "truth-prebuilt",
     ],
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/grpc/GRPCVehicleHardware.h b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/grpc/GRPCVehicleHardware.h
index 90588aa..e740da7 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/grpc/GRPCVehicleHardware.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/grpc/GRPCVehicleHardware.h
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 #include "VehicleServer.grpc.pb.h"
 #include "VehicleServer.pb.h"
 
+#include <grpc++/grpc++.h>
+
 #include <atomic>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl_property/Android.bp b/automotive/vehicle/aidl_property/Android.bp
index 19fa4a3..db96382 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl_property/Android.bp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl_property/Android.bp
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
         // This HAL was originally part of android.hardware.automotive.vehicle
         "android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/*.aidl",
     ],
-    frozen: true,
+    frozen: false,
     stability: "vintf",
     backend: {
         cpp: {
@@ -52,7 +52,6 @@
             version: "2",
             imports: [],
         },
-
     ],
 
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl_property/aidl_api/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle.property/current/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaSeat.aidl b/automotive/vehicle/aidl_property/aidl_api/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle.property/current/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaSeat.aidl
index 44c9d54..a24f515 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl_property/aidl_api/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle.property/current/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaSeat.aidl
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl_property/aidl_api/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle.property/current/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaSeat.aidl
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 package android.hardware.automotive.vehicle;
 @Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
 enum VehicleAreaSeat {
+  UNKNOWN = 0x0000,
   ROW_1_LEFT = 0x0001,
   ROW_1_CENTER = 0x0002,
   ROW_1_RIGHT = 0x0004,
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl_property/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaSeat.aidl b/automotive/vehicle/aidl_property/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaSeat.aidl
index 89d50ea..e70fb22 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl_property/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaSeat.aidl
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl_property/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaSeat.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 @VintfStability
 @Backing(type="int")
 enum VehicleAreaSeat {
+    UNKNOWN = 0x0000,
     ROW_1_LEFT = 0x0001,
     ROW_1_CENTER = 0x0002,
     ROW_1_RIGHT = 0x0004,
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/vhal_static_cpp_lib.mk b/automotive/vehicle/vhal_static_cpp_lib.mk
index 995589c..bffa076 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/vhal_static_cpp_lib.mk
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/vhal_static_cpp_lib.mk
@@ -17,4 +17,4 @@
 
 LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES += \
     android.hardware.automotive.vehicle-V2-ndk \
-    android.hardware.automotive.vehicle.property-V2-ndk
+    android.hardware.automotive.vehicle.property-V3-ndk
diff --git a/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/FakeFingerprintEngine.cpp b/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/FakeFingerprintEngine.cpp
index 9f9ca96..54076c8 100644
--- a/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/FakeFingerprintEngine.cpp
+++ b/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/FakeFingerprintEngine.cpp
@@ -52,6 +52,14 @@
                                        const keymaster::HardwareAuthToken& hat,
                                        const std::future<void>& cancel) {
     BEGIN_OP(0);
+
+    // Do proper HAT verification in the real implementation.
+    if (hat.mac.empty()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Fail: hat";
+        cb->onError(Error::UNABLE_TO_PROCESS, 0 /* vendorError */);
+        return;
+    }
+
     updateContext(WorkMode::kEnroll, cb, const_cast<std::future<void>&>(cancel), 0, hat);
 }
 
@@ -112,17 +120,10 @@
 }
 
 bool FakeFingerprintEngine::onEnrollFingerDown(ISessionCallback* cb,
-                                               const keymaster::HardwareAuthToken& hat,
+                                               const keymaster::HardwareAuthToken&,
                                                const std::future<void>& cancel) {
     BEGIN_OP(getLatency(FingerprintHalProperties::operation_enroll_latency()));
 
-    // Do proper HAT verification in the real implementation.
-    if (hat.mac.empty()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Fail: hat";
-        cb->onError(Error::UNABLE_TO_PROCESS, 0 /* vendorError */);
-        return true;
-    }
-
     // Force error-out
     auto err = FingerprintHalProperties::operation_enroll_error().value_or(0);
     if (err != 0) {
@@ -384,6 +385,11 @@
         cb->onError(Error::UNABLE_TO_PROCESS, 0 /* vendorError */);
         return;
     }
+    clearLockout(cb);
+    isLockoutTimerAborted = true;
+}
+
+void FakeFingerprintEngine::clearLockout(ISessionCallback* cb) {
     FingerprintHalProperties::lockout(false);
     cb->onLockoutCleared();
     mLockoutTracker.reset();
@@ -573,13 +579,34 @@
     if (lockoutMode == FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode::kPermanent) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Fail: lockout permanent";
         cb->onLockoutPermanent();
+        isLockoutTimerAborted = true;
         return true;
     } else if (lockoutMode == FakeLockoutTracker::LockoutMode::kTimed) {
         int64_t timeLeft = mLockoutTracker.getLockoutTimeLeft();
         LOG(ERROR) << "Fail: lockout timed " << timeLeft;
         cb->onLockoutTimed(timeLeft);
+        if (isLockoutTimerSupported && !isLockoutTimerStarted) startLockoutTimer(timeLeft, cb);
         return true;
     }
     return false;
 }
+
+void FakeFingerprintEngine::startLockoutTimer(int64_t timeout, ISessionCallback* cb) {
+    BEGIN_OP(0);
+    std::function<void(ISessionCallback*)> action =
+            std::bind(&FakeFingerprintEngine::lockoutTimerExpired, this, std::placeholders::_1);
+    std::thread([timeout, action, cb]() {
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(timeout));
+        action(cb);
+    }).detach();
+
+    isLockoutTimerStarted = true;
+}
+void FakeFingerprintEngine::lockoutTimerExpired(ISessionCallback* cb) {
+    if (!isLockoutTimerAborted) {
+        clearLockout(cb);
+    }
+    isLockoutTimerStarted = false;
+    isLockoutTimerAborted = false;
+}
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::fingerprint
diff --git a/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/FakeFingerprintEngineSide.cpp b/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/FakeFingerprintEngineSide.cpp
index 6982072..a78cdcd 100644
--- a/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/FakeFingerprintEngineSide.cpp
+++ b/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/FakeFingerprintEngineSide.cpp
@@ -27,6 +27,10 @@
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::fingerprint {
 
+FakeFingerprintEngineSide::FakeFingerprintEngineSide() : FakeFingerprintEngine() {
+    isLockoutTimerSupported = true;
+}
+
 SensorLocation FakeFingerprintEngineSide::defaultSensorLocation() {
     return SensorLocation{.sensorLocationX = defaultSensorLocationX,
                           .sensorLocationY = defaultSensorLocationY,
diff --git a/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/include/FakeFingerprintEngine.h b/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/include/FakeFingerprintEngine.h
index a06b786..2450115 100644
--- a/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/include/FakeFingerprintEngine.h
+++ b/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/include/FakeFingerprintEngine.h
@@ -114,8 +114,20 @@
                                       std::vector<std::vector<int32_t>>& res);
     int32_t getRandomInRange(int32_t bound1, int32_t bound2);
     bool checkSensorLockout(ISessionCallback*);
+    void clearLockout(ISessionCallback* cb);
 
     FakeLockoutTracker mLockoutTracker;
+
+  protected:
+    // lockout timer
+    void lockoutTimerExpired(ISessionCallback* cb);
+    bool isLockoutTimerSupported;
+    bool isLockoutTimerStarted;
+    bool isLockoutTimerAborted;
+
+  public:
+    void startLockoutTimer(int64_t timeout, ISessionCallback* cb);
+    bool getLockoutTimerStarted() { return isLockoutTimerStarted; }
 };
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::fingerprint
diff --git a/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/include/FakeFingerprintEngineSide.h b/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/include/FakeFingerprintEngineSide.h
index c2fc005..67a3ebc 100644
--- a/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/include/FakeFingerprintEngineSide.h
+++ b/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/include/FakeFingerprintEngineSide.h
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
     static constexpr int32_t defaultSensorLocationY = 600;
     static constexpr int32_t defaultSensorRadius = 150;
 
-    FakeFingerprintEngineSide() : FakeFingerprintEngine() {}
+    FakeFingerprintEngineSide();
     ~FakeFingerprintEngineSide() {}
 
     virtual SensorLocation defaultSensorLocation() override;
diff --git a/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/tests/FakeFingerprintEngineTest.cpp b/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/tests/FakeFingerprintEngineTest.cpp
index bc235a6..fe405f4 100644
--- a/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/tests/FakeFingerprintEngineTest.cpp
+++ b/biometrics/fingerprint/aidl/default/tests/FakeFingerprintEngineTest.cpp
@@ -93,9 +93,13 @@
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
     };
     ndk::ScopedAStatus onLockoutTimed(int64_t /* timeout */) override {
+        mLockoutTimed = true;
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
     }
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus onLockoutCleared() override { return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok(); }
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus onLockoutCleared() override {
+        mLockoutCleared = true;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
     ndk::ScopedAStatus onSessionClosed() override { return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok(); }
 
     Error mError = Error::UNKNOWN;
@@ -110,6 +114,8 @@
     bool mAuthenticateFailed = false;
     bool mAuthenticatorIdInvalidated = false;
     bool mLockoutPermanent = false;
+    bool mLockoutTimed = false;
+    bool mLockoutCleared = false;
     int mInteractionDetectedCount = 0;
     int32_t mLastAcquiredInfo = -1;
     int32_t mLastAcquiredVendorCode = -1;
@@ -499,6 +505,13 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(latencySet.size() > 95);
 }
 
+TEST_F(FakeFingerprintEngineTest, lockoutTimer) {
+    mEngine.startLockoutTimer(200, mCallback.get());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mEngine.getLockoutTimerStarted());
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(210));
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mEngine.getLockoutTimerStarted());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mCallback->mLockoutCleared);
+}
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::biometrics::fingerprint
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothV1_0TargetTest.xml b/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothV1_0TargetTest.xml
index 6010c60..c23d687 100644
--- a/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothV1_0TargetTest.xml
+++ b/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothV1_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@
 
     <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
     </target_preparer>
-    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.StopServicesSetup">
-    </target_preparer>
 
     <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
         <option name="run-command" value="settings put global ble_scan_always_enabled 0" />
@@ -31,6 +29,9 @@
         <option name="teardown-command" value="settings put global ble_scan_always_enabled 1" />
     </target_preparer>
 
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.StopServicesSetup">
+    </target_preparer>
+
     <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
         <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
         <option name="push" value="VtsHalBluetoothV1_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalBluetoothV1_0TargetTest" />
diff --git a/bluetooth/aidl/default/BluetoothHci.cpp b/bluetooth/aidl/default/BluetoothHci.cpp
index 782122f..013ab7f 100644
--- a/bluetooth/aidl/default/BluetoothHci.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/aidl/default/BluetoothHci.cpp
@@ -55,6 +55,19 @@
 
 void OnDeath(void* cookie);
 
+std::optional<std::string> GetSystemProperty(const std::string& property) {
+  std::array<char, PROPERTY_VALUE_MAX> value_array{0};
+  auto value_len = property_get(property.c_str(), value_array.data(), nullptr);
+  if (value_len <= 0) {
+    return std::nullopt;
+  }
+  return std::string(value_array.data(), value_len);
+}
+
+bool starts_with(const std::string& str, const std::string& prefix) {
+  return str.compare(0, prefix.length(), prefix) == 0;
+}
+
 class BluetoothDeathRecipient {
  public:
   BluetoothDeathRecipient(BluetoothHci* hci) : mHci(hci) {}
@@ -232,8 +245,19 @@
 
   mDeathRecipient->LinkToDeath(mCb);
 
-  // TODO: This should not be necessary when the device implements rfkill.
-  reset();
+  // TODO: HCI Reset on emulators since the bluetooth controller
+  // cannot be powered on/off during the HAL setup; and the stack
+  // might received spurious packets/events during boottime.
+  // Proper solution would be to use bt-virtio or vsock to better
+  // control the link to rootcanal and the controller lifetime.
+  const std::string kBoardProperty = "ro.product.board";
+  const std::string kCuttlefishBoard = "cutf";
+  auto board_name = GetSystemProperty(kBoardProperty);
+  if (board_name.has_value() && (
+        starts_with(board_name.value(), "cutf") ||
+        starts_with(board_name.value(), "goldfish"))) {
+    reset();
+  }
 
   mH4 = std::make_shared<H4Protocol>(
       mFd,
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/Android.bp b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/Android.bp
index 32f8cca..1028fae 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -24,12 +24,13 @@
 aidl_interface {
     name: "android.hardware.bluetooth.audio",
     vendor_available: true,
+    host_supported: true,
     srcs: ["android/hardware/bluetooth/audio/*.aidl"],
     stability: "vintf",
     imports: [
         "android.hardware.common-V2",
         "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1",
-        "android.hardware.audio.common-V1",
+        "android.hardware.audio.common-V2",
     ],
     backend: {
         cpp: {
@@ -69,7 +70,7 @@
             imports: [
                 "android.hardware.common-V2",
                 "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1",
-                "android.hardware.audio.common-V1",
+                "android.hardware.audio.common-V2",
             ],
         },
 
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp
index 3e6953f..fa85fa8 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/aidl/vts/Android.bp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
     tidy_timeout_srcs: ["VtsHalBluetoothAudioTargetTest.cpp"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalBluetoothAudioTargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.audio.common-V1-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.audio.common-V2-ndk",
         "android.hardware.bluetooth.audio-V3-ndk",
         "android.hardware.common-V2-ndk",
         "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1-ndk",
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/utils/Android.bp b/bluetooth/audio/utils/Android.bp
index 2cba61e..a09e7fe 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/utils/Android.bp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/utils/Android.bp
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
 cc_library_shared {
     name: "libbluetooth_audio_session_aidl",
     vendor: true,
+    host_supported: true,
     srcs: [
         "aidl_session/BluetoothAudioCodecs.cpp",
         "aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp",
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp
index ee5527e..0bcafa3 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <hardware/audio.h>
 
 #include "BluetoothAudioSession.h"
 
@@ -440,6 +441,16 @@
 void BluetoothAudioSession::ReportLowLatencyModeAllowedChanged(bool allowed) {
   std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> guard(mutex_);
   low_latency_allowed_ = allowed;
+  // TODO(b/294498919): Remove this after there is API to update latency mode
+  // after audio session started. If low_latency_allowed_ is true, the session
+  // can support LOW_LATENCY and FREE LatencyMode.
+  if (low_latency_allowed_) {
+    if (std::find(latency_modes_.begin(), latency_modes_.end(),
+                  LatencyMode::LOW_LATENCY) == latency_modes_.end()) {
+      LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " - insert LOW_LATENCY LatencyMode";
+      latency_modes_.push_back(LatencyMode::LOW_LATENCY);
+    }
+  }
   if (observers_.empty()) {
     LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_)
                  << " has NO port state observer";
@@ -476,23 +487,9 @@
 
 void BluetoothAudioSession::UpdateSourceMetadata(
     const struct source_metadata& source_metadata) {
-  std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> guard(mutex_);
-  if (!IsSessionReady()) {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_)
-               << " has NO session";
-    return;
-  }
-
   ssize_t track_count = source_metadata.track_count;
   LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_) << ","
             << track_count << " track(s)";
-  if (session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH ||
-      session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_ENCODING_DATAPATH ||
-      session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_SOFTWARE_DECODING_DATAPATH ||
-      session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_DECODING_DATAPATH) {
-    return;
-  }
-
   SourceMetadata hal_source_metadata;
   hal_source_metadata.tracks.resize(track_count);
   for (int i = 0; i < track_count; i++) {
@@ -509,33 +506,14 @@
                  << toString(hal_source_metadata.tracks[i].contentType)
                  << ", gain=" << hal_source_metadata.tracks[i].gain;
   }
-
-  auto hal_retval = stack_iface_->updateSourceMetadata(hal_source_metadata);
-  if (!hal_retval.isOk()) {
-    LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " - IBluetoothAudioPort SessionType="
-                 << toString(session_type_) << " failed";
-  }
+  UpdateSourceMetadata(hal_source_metadata);
 }
 
 void BluetoothAudioSession::UpdateSinkMetadata(
     const struct sink_metadata& sink_metadata) {
-  std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> guard(mutex_);
-  if (!IsSessionReady()) {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_)
-               << " has NO session";
-    return;
-  }
-
   ssize_t track_count = sink_metadata.track_count;
   LOG(INFO) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_) << ","
             << track_count << " track(s)";
-  if (session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH ||
-      session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_ENCODING_DATAPATH ||
-      session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_SOFTWARE_DECODING_DATAPATH ||
-      session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_DECODING_DATAPATH) {
-    return;
-  }
-
   SinkMetadata hal_sink_metadata;
   hal_sink_metadata.tracks.resize(track_count);
   for (int i = 0; i < track_count; i++) {
@@ -550,12 +528,57 @@
               << ", dest_device_address="
               << sink_metadata.tracks[i].dest_device_address;
   }
+  UpdateSinkMetadata(hal_sink_metadata);
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioSession::UpdateSourceMetadata(
+    const SourceMetadata& hal_source_metadata) {
+  std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> guard(mutex_);
+  if (!IsSessionReady()) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_)
+               << " has NO session";
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH ||
+      session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_ENCODING_DATAPATH ||
+      session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_SOFTWARE_DECODING_DATAPATH ||
+      session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_DECODING_DATAPATH) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  auto hal_retval = stack_iface_->updateSourceMetadata(hal_source_metadata);
+  if (!hal_retval.isOk()) {
+    LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " - IBluetoothAudioPort SessionType="
+                 << toString(session_type_) << " failed";
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool BluetoothAudioSession::UpdateSinkMetadata(
+    const SinkMetadata& hal_sink_metadata) {
+  std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> guard(mutex_);
+  if (!IsSessionReady()) {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << " - SessionType=" << toString(session_type_)
+               << " has NO session";
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH ||
+      session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_ENCODING_DATAPATH ||
+      session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_SOFTWARE_DECODING_DATAPATH ||
+      session_type_ == SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_OFFLOAD_DECODING_DATAPATH) {
+    return false;
+  }
 
   auto hal_retval = stack_iface_->updateSinkMetadata(hal_sink_metadata);
   if (!hal_retval.isOk()) {
     LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " - IBluetoothAudioPort SessionType="
                  << toString(session_type_) << " failed";
+    return false;
   }
+  return true;
 }
 
 std::vector<LatencyMode> BluetoothAudioSession::GetSupportedLatencyModes() {
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.h b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.h
index 5bf17bd..103a9ea 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.h
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.h
@@ -23,12 +23,15 @@
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/bluetooth/audio/LatencyMode.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/bluetooth/audio/SessionType.h>
 #include <fmq/AidlMessageQueue.h>
-#include <hardware/audio.h>
 
 #include <mutex>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
+// To avoid inclusion of hardware/audio.h
+struct sink_metadata;
+struct source_metadata;
+
 namespace aidl {
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
@@ -183,6 +186,9 @@
   bool GetPresentationPosition(PresentationPosition& presentation_position);
   void UpdateSourceMetadata(const struct source_metadata& source_metadata);
   void UpdateSinkMetadata(const struct sink_metadata& sink_metadata);
+  // New versions for AIDL-only clients.
+  bool UpdateSourceMetadata(const SourceMetadata& hal_source_metadata);
+  bool UpdateSinkMetadata(const SinkMetadata& hal_sink_metadata);
 
   std::vector<LatencyMode> GetSupportedLatencyModes();
   void SetLatencyMode(const LatencyMode& latency_mode);
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSessionControl.h b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSessionControl.h
index 0782c82..7ae0353 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSessionControl.h
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSessionControl.h
@@ -156,6 +156,26 @@
     }
   }
 
+  static bool UpdateSourceMetadata(const SessionType& session_type,
+                                   const SourceMetadata& source_metadata) {
+    std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioSession> session_ptr =
+        BluetoothAudioSessionInstance::GetSessionInstance(session_type);
+    if (session_ptr != nullptr) {
+      return session_ptr->UpdateSourceMetadata(source_metadata);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  static bool UpdateSinkMetadata(const SessionType& session_type,
+                                 const SinkMetadata& sink_metadata) {
+    std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioSession> session_ptr =
+        BluetoothAudioSessionInstance::GetSessionInstance(session_type);
+    if (session_ptr != nullptr) {
+      return session_ptr->UpdateSinkMetadata(sink_metadata);
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
+
   static std::vector<LatencyMode> GetSupportedLatencyModes(
       const SessionType& session_type) {
     std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioSession> session_ptr =
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/HidlToAidlMiddleware.cpp b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/HidlToAidlMiddleware.cpp
index a4664f1..3d92ee7 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/HidlToAidlMiddleware.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/HidlToAidlMiddleware.cpp
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
     *total_bytes_readed = presentation_position.transmittedOctets;
   if (data_position)
     *data_position = {
-        .tv_sec = static_cast<__kernel_old_time_t>(
+        .tv_sec = static_cast<long>(
             presentation_position.transmittedOctetsTimestamp.tvSec),
         .tv_nsec = static_cast<long>(
             presentation_position.transmittedOctetsTimestamp.tvNSec)};
diff --git a/broadcastradio/aidl/default/BroadcastRadio.cpp b/broadcastradio/aidl/default/BroadcastRadio.cpp
index 4d097c1..8584921 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/aidl/default/BroadcastRadio.cpp
+++ b/broadcastradio/aidl/default/BroadcastRadio.cpp
@@ -115,7 +115,8 @@
 }
 
 BroadcastRadio::~BroadcastRadio() {
-    mThread.reset();
+    mTuningThread.reset();
+    mProgramListThread.reset();
 }
 
 ScopedAStatus BroadcastRadio::getAmFmRegionConfig(bool full, AmFmRegionConfig* returnConfigs) {
@@ -239,7 +240,7 @@
         callback->onCurrentProgramInfoChanged(programInfo);
     };
     auto cancelTask = [program, callback]() { callback->onTuneFailed(Result::CANCELED, program); };
-    mThread->schedule(task, cancelTask, kTuneDelayTimeMs);
+    mTuningThread->schedule(task, cancelTask, kTuneDelayTimeMs);
 
     return ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
@@ -267,7 +268,7 @@
 
             callback->onTuneFailed(Result::TIMEOUT, {});
         };
-        mThread->schedule(task, cancelTask, kSeekDelayTimeMs);
+        mTuningThread->schedule(task, cancelTask, kSeekDelayTimeMs);
 
         return ScopedAStatus::ok();
     }
@@ -300,7 +301,7 @@
         }
         callback->onCurrentProgramInfoChanged(programInfo);
     };
-    mThread->schedule(task, cancelTask, kSeekDelayTimeMs);
+    mTuningThread->schedule(task, cancelTask, kSeekDelayTimeMs);
 
     return ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
@@ -355,15 +356,15 @@
         callback->onCurrentProgramInfoChanged(programInfo);
     };
     auto cancelTask = [callback]() { callback->onTuneFailed(Result::CANCELED, {}); };
-    mThread->schedule(task, cancelTask, kStepDelayTimeMs);
+    mTuningThread->schedule(task, cancelTask, kStepDelayTimeMs);
 
     return ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 void BroadcastRadio::cancelLocked() {
-    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": cancelling current operations...";
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": cancelling current tuning operations...";
 
-    mThread->cancelAll();
+    mTuningThread->cancelAll();
     if (mCurrentProgram.primaryId.type != IdentifierType::INVALID) {
         mIsTuneCompleted = true;
     }
@@ -388,6 +389,8 @@
 
     lock_guard<mutex> lk(mMutex);
 
+    cancelProgramListUpdateLocked();
+
     const auto& list = mVirtualRadio.getProgramList();
     vector<VirtualProgram> filteredList;
     std::copy_if(list.begin(), list.end(), std::back_inserter(filteredList), filterCb);
@@ -410,14 +413,20 @@
 
         callback->onProgramListUpdated(chunk);
     };
-    mThread->schedule(task, kListDelayTimeS);
+    mProgramListThread->schedule(task, kListDelayTimeS);
 
     return ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
+void BroadcastRadio::cancelProgramListUpdateLocked() {
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": cancelling current program list update operations...";
+    mProgramListThread->cancelAll();
+}
+
 ScopedAStatus BroadcastRadio::stopProgramListUpdates() {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": requested program list updates to stop...";
-    // TODO(b/243681584) Implement stop program list updates method
+    lock_guard<mutex> lk(mMutex);
+    cancelProgramListUpdateLocked();
     return ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
diff --git a/broadcastradio/aidl/default/BroadcastRadio.h b/broadcastradio/aidl/default/BroadcastRadio.h
index 092776f..0f818ce 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/aidl/default/BroadcastRadio.h
+++ b/broadcastradio/aidl/default/BroadcastRadio.h
@@ -68,7 +68,9 @@
     const VirtualRadio& mVirtualRadio;
     std::mutex mMutex;
     AmFmRegionConfig mAmFmConfig GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
-    std::unique_ptr<::android::WorkerThread> mThread GUARDED_BY(mMutex) =
+    std::unique_ptr<::android::WorkerThread> mTuningThread GUARDED_BY(mMutex) =
+            std::unique_ptr<::android::WorkerThread>(new ::android::WorkerThread());
+    std::unique_ptr<::android::WorkerThread> mProgramListThread GUARDED_BY(mMutex) =
             std::unique_ptr<::android::WorkerThread>(new ::android::WorkerThread());
     bool mIsTuneCompleted GUARDED_BY(mMutex) = true;
     Properties mProperties GUARDED_BY(mMutex);
@@ -81,6 +83,7 @@
     std::optional<AmFmBandRange> getAmFmRangeLocked() const;
     void cancelLocked();
     ProgramInfo tuneInternalLocked(const ProgramSelector& sel);
+    void cancelProgramListUpdateLocked();
 
     binder_status_t cmdHelp(int fd) const;
     binder_status_t cmdTune(int fd, const char** args, uint32_t numArgs);
diff --git a/camera/common/default/CameraMetadata.cpp b/camera/common/default/CameraMetadata.cpp
index ed56261..3252e3c 100644
--- a/camera/common/default/CameraMetadata.cpp
+++ b/camera/common/default/CameraMetadata.cpp
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
         return res;
     }
     // string.size() doesn't count the null termination character.
-    return updateImpl(tag, (const void*)string.string(), string.size() + 1);
+    return updateImpl(tag, (const void*)string.c_str(), string.size() + 1);
 }
 
 status_t CameraMetadata::update(const camera_metadata_ro_entry& entry) {
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@
     for (size_t i = 0; i < totalSectionCount; ++i) {
         const char* str = (i < ANDROID_SECTION_COUNT)
                                   ? camera_metadata_section_names[i]
-                                  : (*vendorSections)[i - ANDROID_SECTION_COUNT].string();
+                                  : (*vendorSections)[i - ANDROID_SECTION_COUNT].c_str();
 
         ALOGV("%s: Trying to match against section '%s'", __FUNCTION__, str);
 
diff --git a/camera/common/default/CameraParameters.cpp b/camera/common/default/CameraParameters.cpp
index 37e28a2..3689c90 100644
--- a/camera/common/default/CameraParameters.cpp
+++ b/camera/common/default/CameraParameters.cpp
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@
 }
 
 void CameraParameters::unflatten(const String8& params) {
-    const char* a = params.string();
+    const char* a = params.c_str();
     const char* b;
 
     mMap.clear();
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@
 const char* CameraParameters::get(const char* key) const {
     String8 v = mMap.valueFor(String8(key));
     if (v.length() == 0) return 0;
-    return v.string();
+    return v.c_str();
 }
 
 int CameraParameters::getInt(const char* key) const {
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@
         String8 k, v;
         k = mMap.keyAt(i);
         v = mMap.valueAt(i);
-        ALOGD("%s: %s\n", k.string(), v.string());
+        ALOGD("%s: %s\n", k.c_str(), v.c_str());
     }
 }
 
@@ -443,10 +443,10 @@
         String8 k, v;
         k = mMap.keyAt(i);
         v = mMap.valueAt(i);
-        snprintf(buffer, 255, "\t%s: %s\n", k.string(), v.string());
+        snprintf(buffer, 255, "\t%s: %s\n", k.c_str(), v.c_str());
         result.append(buffer);
     }
-    write(fd, result.string(), result.size());
+    write(fd, result.c_str(), result.size());
     return NO_ERROR;
 }
 
diff --git a/camera/common/default/VendorTagDescriptor.cpp b/camera/common/default/VendorTagDescriptor.cpp
index 1282bd0..fba9caa 100644
--- a/camera/common/default/VendorTagDescriptor.cpp
+++ b/camera/common/default/VendorTagDescriptor.cpp
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
     if (index < 0) {
         return VENDOR_SECTION_NAME_ERR;
     }
-    return mSections[mTagToSectionMap.valueAt(index)].string();
+    return mSections[mTagToSectionMap.valueAt(index)].c_str();
 }
 
 ssize_t VendorTagDescriptor::getSectionIndex(uint32_t tag) const {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
     if (index < 0) {
         return VENDOR_TAG_NAME_ERR;
     }
-    return mTagToNameMap.valueAt(index).string();
+    return mTagToNameMap.valueAt(index).c_str();
 }
 
 int VendorTagDescriptor::getTagType(uint32_t tag) const {
@@ -128,13 +128,13 @@
                                         /*out*/ uint32_t* tag) const {
     ssize_t index = mReverseMapping.indexOfKey(section);
     if (index < 0) {
-        ALOGE("%s: Section '%s' does not exist.", __FUNCTION__, section.string());
+        ALOGE("%s: Section '%s' does not exist.", __FUNCTION__, section.c_str());
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
     ssize_t nameIndex = mReverseMapping[index]->indexOfKey(name);
     if (nameIndex < 0) {
-        ALOGE("%s: Tag name '%s' does not exist.", __FUNCTION__, name.string());
+        ALOGE("%s: Tag name '%s' does not exist.", __FUNCTION__, name.c_str());
         return BAD_VALUE;
     }
 
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
         const char* typeName =
                 (type >= 0 && type < NUM_TYPES) ? camera_metadata_type_names[type] : "UNKNOWN";
         dprintf(fd, "%*s0x%x (%s) with type %d (%s) defined in section %s\n", indentation + 2, "",
-                tag, name.string(), type, typeName, sectionName.string());
+                tag, name.c_str(), type, typeName, sectionName.c_str());
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/camera/device/default/ExternalCameraDeviceSession.cpp b/camera/device/default/ExternalCameraDeviceSession.cpp
index c962974..95a36f0 100644
--- a/camera/device/default/ExternalCameraDeviceSession.cpp
+++ b/camera/device/default/ExternalCameraDeviceSession.cpp
@@ -224,10 +224,6 @@
 }
 
 void ExternalCameraDeviceSession::closeOutputThread() {
-    closeOutputThreadImpl();
-}
-
-void ExternalCameraDeviceSession::closeOutputThreadImpl() {
     if (mOutputThread != nullptr) {
         mOutputThread->flush();
         mOutputThread->requestExitAndWait();
@@ -235,6 +231,13 @@
     }
 }
 
+void ExternalCameraDeviceSession::closeBufferRequestThread() {
+    if (mBufferRequestThread != nullptr) {
+        mBufferRequestThread->requestExitAndWait();
+        mBufferRequestThread.reset();
+    }
+}
+
 Status ExternalCameraDeviceSession::initStatus() const {
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
     Status status = Status::OK;
@@ -248,7 +251,7 @@
 ExternalCameraDeviceSession::~ExternalCameraDeviceSession() {
     if (!isClosed()) {
         ALOGE("ExternalCameraDeviceSession deleted before close!");
-        close(/*callerIsDtor*/ true);
+        closeImpl();
     }
 }
 
@@ -1411,19 +1414,16 @@
 }
 
 ScopedAStatus ExternalCameraDeviceSession::close() {
-    close(false);
+    closeImpl();
     return fromStatus(Status::OK);
 }
 
-void ExternalCameraDeviceSession::close(bool callerIsDtor) {
+void ExternalCameraDeviceSession::closeImpl() {
     Mutex::Autolock _il(mInterfaceLock);
     bool closed = isClosed();
     if (!closed) {
-        if (callerIsDtor) {
-            closeOutputThreadImpl();
-        } else {
-            closeOutputThread();
-        }
+        closeOutputThread();
+        closeBufferRequestThread();
 
         Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
         // free all buffers
diff --git a/camera/device/default/ExternalCameraDeviceSession.h b/camera/device/default/ExternalCameraDeviceSession.h
index e7eb799..836266f 100644
--- a/camera/device/default/ExternalCameraDeviceSession.h
+++ b/camera/device/default/ExternalCameraDeviceSession.h
@@ -240,9 +240,9 @@
     // To init/close different version of output thread
     void initOutputThread();
     void closeOutputThread();
-    void closeOutputThreadImpl();
+    void closeBufferRequestThread();
 
-    void close(bool callerIsDtor);
+    void closeImpl();
     Status initStatus() const;
     status_t initDefaultRequests();
 
diff --git a/camera/provider/2.4/default/LegacyCameraProviderImpl_2_4.cpp b/camera/provider/2.4/default/LegacyCameraProviderImpl_2_4.cpp
index 7c3b982..69318c7 100644
--- a/camera/provider/2.4/default/LegacyCameraProviderImpl_2_4.cpp
+++ b/camera/provider/2.4/default/LegacyCameraProviderImpl_2_4.cpp
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@
     }
     mVendorTagSections.resize(numSections);
     for (size_t s = 0; s < numSections; s++) {
-        mVendorTagSections[s].sectionName = (*sectionNames)[s].string();
+        mVendorTagSections[s].sectionName = (*sectionNames)[s].c_str();
         mVendorTagSections[s].tags = tagsBySection[s];
     }
     return true;
diff --git a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp
index 339a142..c8e683c 100644
--- a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@
                          std::string* deviceVersion, std::string* cameraId) {
         ::android::String8 pattern;
         pattern.appendFormat(kDeviceNameRE, providerType.c_str());
-        std::regex e(pattern.string());
+        std::regex e(pattern.c_str());
         std::string deviceNameStd(deviceName.c_str());
         std::smatch sm;
         if (std::regex_match(deviceNameStd, sm, e)) {
@@ -8801,8 +8801,7 @@
 void CameraHidlTest::setParameters(
         const sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> &device,
         const CameraParameters &cameraParams) {
-    Return<Status> returnStatus = device->setParameters(
-            cameraParams.flatten().string());
+    Return<Status> returnStatus = device->setParameters(cameraParams.flatten().c_str());
     ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
 }
diff --git a/cas/1.0/default/android.hardware.cas@1.0-service-lazy.rc b/cas/1.0/default/android.hardware.cas@1.0-service-lazy.rc
index 622ee8f..1a08ebc 100644
--- a/cas/1.0/default/android.hardware.cas@1.0-service-lazy.rc
+++ b/cas/1.0/default/android.hardware.cas@1.0-service-lazy.rc
@@ -5,5 +5,6 @@
     class hal
     user media
     group mediadrm drmrpc
+    capabilities SYS_NICE
     ioprio rt 4
     task_profiles ProcessCapacityHigh
diff --git a/cas/1.0/default/android.hardware.cas@1.0-service.rc b/cas/1.0/default/android.hardware.cas@1.0-service.rc
index 5df4825..a65160a 100644
--- a/cas/1.0/default/android.hardware.cas@1.0-service.rc
+++ b/cas/1.0/default/android.hardware.cas@1.0-service.rc
@@ -2,5 +2,6 @@
     class hal
     user media
     group mediadrm drmrpc
+    capabilities SYS_NICE
     ioprio rt 4
     task_profiles ProcessCapacityHigh
diff --git a/cas/1.1/default/android.hardware.cas@1.1-service-lazy.rc b/cas/1.1/default/android.hardware.cas@1.1-service-lazy.rc
index 0721dc3..9fca8fd 100644
--- a/cas/1.1/default/android.hardware.cas@1.1-service-lazy.rc
+++ b/cas/1.1/default/android.hardware.cas@1.1-service-lazy.rc
@@ -6,5 +6,6 @@
     class hal
     user media
     group mediadrm drmrpc
+    capabilities SYS_NICE
     ioprio rt 4
     task_profiles ProcessCapacityHigh
diff --git a/cas/1.1/default/android.hardware.cas@1.1-service.rc b/cas/1.1/default/android.hardware.cas@1.1-service.rc
index 132d943..19fd031 100644
--- a/cas/1.1/default/android.hardware.cas@1.1-service.rc
+++ b/cas/1.1/default/android.hardware.cas@1.1-service.rc
@@ -2,5 +2,6 @@
     class hal
     user media
     group mediadrm drmrpc
+    capabilities SYS_NICE
     ioprio rt 4
     task_profiles ProcessCapacityHigh
diff --git a/cas/1.2/default/android.hardware.cas@1.2-service-lazy.rc b/cas/1.2/default/android.hardware.cas@1.2-service-lazy.rc
index d91fdce..8c2a894 100644
--- a/cas/1.2/default/android.hardware.cas@1.2-service-lazy.rc
+++ b/cas/1.2/default/android.hardware.cas@1.2-service-lazy.rc
@@ -7,5 +7,6 @@
     class hal
     user media
     group mediadrm drmrpc
+    capabilities SYS_NICE
     ioprio rt 4
     task_profiles ProcessCapacityHigh
diff --git a/cas/1.2/default/android.hardware.cas@1.2-service.rc b/cas/1.2/default/android.hardware.cas@1.2-service.rc
index b22971a..4b638bc 100644
--- a/cas/1.2/default/android.hardware.cas@1.2-service.rc
+++ b/cas/1.2/default/android.hardware.cas@1.2-service.rc
@@ -2,5 +2,6 @@
     class hal
     user media
     group mediadrm drmrpc
+    capabilities SYS_NICE
     ioprio rt 4
     task_profiles ProcessCapacityHigh
diff --git a/cas/aidl/default/Android.bp b/cas/aidl/default/Android.bp
index 6ce5681..576016e 100644
--- a/cas/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/cas/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 
     shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.cas-V1-ndk",
+        "libbase",
         "libbinder_ndk",
         "liblog",
         "libutils",
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@
     ],
     shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.cas-V1-ndk",
+        "libbase",
         "libbinder_ndk",
         "liblog",
         "libutils",
diff --git a/cas/aidl/default/FactoryLoader.h b/cas/aidl/default/FactoryLoader.h
index 6a562f6..443ea1f 100644
--- a/cas/aidl/default/FactoryLoader.h
+++ b/cas/aidl/default/FactoryLoader.h
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <dlfcn.h>
 #include <media/cas/CasAPI.h>
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@
     struct dirent* pEntry;
     while ((pEntry = readdir(pDir))) {
         String8 pluginPath = dirPath + "/" + pEntry->d_name;
-        if (pluginPath.getPathExtension() == ".so") {
+        if (base::EndsWith(pluginPath.c_str(), ".so")) {
             if (loadFactoryForSchemeFromPath(pluginPath, CA_system_id, library, factory)) {
                 mCASystemIdToLibraryPathMap.add(CA_system_id, pluginPath);
                 closedir(pDir);
@@ -135,7 +136,7 @@
     struct dirent* pEntry;
     while ((pEntry = readdir(pDir))) {
         String8 pluginPath = dirPath + "/" + pEntry->d_name;
-        if (pluginPath.getPathExtension() == ".so") {
+        if (base::EndsWith(pluginPath.c_str(), ".so")) {
             queryPluginsFromPath(pluginPath, results);
         }
     }
diff --git a/cas/aidl/default/TypeConvert.cpp b/cas/aidl/default/TypeConvert.cpp
index 4f7005f..1f0a46d 100644
--- a/cas/aidl/default/TypeConvert.cpp
+++ b/cas/aidl/default/TypeConvert.cpp
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
     for (auto it = sessionId.begin(); it != sessionId.end(); it++) {
         result.appendFormat("%02x ", *it);
     }
-    if (result.isEmpty()) {
+    if (result.empty()) {
         result.append("(null)");
     }
     return result;
diff --git a/cas/aidl/default/cas-default-lazy.rc b/cas/aidl/default/cas-default-lazy.rc
index 60b59ca..7321cf0 100644
--- a/cas/aidl/default/cas-default-lazy.rc
+++ b/cas/aidl/default/cas-default-lazy.rc
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
     class hal
     user media
     group mediadrm drmrpc
+    capabilities SYS_NICE
     ioprio rt 4
     task_profiles ProcessCapacityHigh
     oneshot
diff --git a/cas/aidl/default/cas-default.rc b/cas/aidl/default/cas-default.rc
index e00b9c5..5a60368 100644
--- a/cas/aidl/default/cas-default.rc
+++ b/cas/aidl/default/cas-default.rc
@@ -3,5 +3,6 @@
     class hal
     user media
     group mediadrm drmrpc
+    capabilities SYS_NICE
     ioprio rt 4
     task_profiles ProcessCapacityHigh
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/Android.mk b/compatibility_matrices/Android.mk
index a82a421..f1dd956 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/Android.mk
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/Android.mk
@@ -103,9 +103,15 @@
     framework_compatibility_matrix.6.xml \
     framework_compatibility_matrix.7.xml \
     framework_compatibility_matrix.8.xml \
-    framework_compatibility_matrix.9.xml \
     framework_compatibility_matrix.device.xml \
 
+# Only allow the use of the unreleased compatibility matrix when we can use unfrozen
+# interfaces (in the `next` release configuration).
+ifeq ($(RELEASE_AIDL_USE_UNFROZEN),true)
+my_system_matrix_deps += \
+    framework_compatibility_matrix.9.xml
+endif
+
 my_framework_matrix_deps += \
     $(my_system_matrix_deps)
 
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.7.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.7.xml
index 33c3148..14c330e 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.7.xml
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.7.xml
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.automotive.audiocontrol</name>
+        <version>1-2</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IAudioControl</name>
             <instance>default</instance>
@@ -262,22 +263,6 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.gnss.visibility_control</name>
-        <version>1</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IGnssVisibilityControl</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections</name>
-        <version>1</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.graphics.allocator</name>
         <!-- New, non-Go devices should use 4.0 or the AIDL hal. -->
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.8.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.8.xml
index 04a4674..40bd600 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.8.xml
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.8.xml
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
          <name>android.hardware.authsecret</name>
          <version>1</version>
          <interface>
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.biometrics.fingerprint</name>
         <version>3</version>
         <interface>
@@ -231,22 +231,6 @@
         </interface>
     </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.gnss.visibility_control</name>
-        <version>1</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IGnssVisibilityControl</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections</name>
-        <version>1</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.graphics.allocator</name>
         <version>1-2</version>
         <interface>
@@ -329,7 +313,7 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.security.keymint</name>
         <version>1-3</version>
         <interface>
@@ -338,7 +322,7 @@
             <instance>strongbox</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.security.keymint</name>
         <version>1-3</version>
         <interface>
@@ -391,7 +375,7 @@
             <regex-instance>.*</regex-instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.nfc</name>
         <interface>
             <name>INfc</name>
@@ -535,7 +519,7 @@
             <regex-instance>SIM[1-9][0-9]*</regex-instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.security.secureclock</name>
         <version>1</version>
         <interface>
@@ -543,7 +527,7 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.security.sharedsecret</name>
         <version>1</version>
         <interface>
@@ -695,7 +679,7 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.uwb</name>
         <version>1</version>
         <interface>
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.9.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.9.xml
index 5bcb349..eb3f74d 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.9.xml
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.9.xml
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
          <name>android.hardware.authsecret</name>
          <version>1</version>
          <interface>
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.automotive.vehicle</name>
-        <version>1-2</version>
+        <version>1-3</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IVehicle</name>
             <instance>default</instance>
@@ -223,22 +223,6 @@
         </interface>
     </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.gnss.visibility_control</name>
-        <version>1</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IGnssVisibilityControl</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections</name>
-        <version>1</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IMeasurementCorrectionsInterface</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.graphics.allocator</name>
         <version>1-2</version>
         <interface>
@@ -318,7 +302,7 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.security.keymint</name>
         <version>1-3</version>
         <interface>
@@ -327,7 +311,7 @@
             <instance>strongbox</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.security.keymint</name>
         <version>1-3</version>
         <interface>
@@ -388,7 +372,7 @@
             <regex-instance>.*</regex-instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.nfc</name>
         <interface>
             <name>INfc</name>
@@ -397,7 +381,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.power</name>
-        <version>4</version>
+        <version>5</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IPower</name>
             <instance>default</instance>
@@ -534,7 +518,7 @@
             <regex-instance>SIM[1-9][0-9]*</regex-instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.security.secureclock</name>
         <version>1</version>
         <interface>
@@ -542,7 +526,7 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.security.sharedsecret</name>
         <version>1</version>
         <interface>
@@ -670,7 +654,7 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.uwb</name>
         <version>1</version>
         <interface>
@@ -702,7 +686,7 @@
             <regex-instance>.*</regex-instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true" updatable-via-apex="true">
         <name>android.hardware.threadnetwork</name>
         <version>1</version>
         <interface>
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/exclude/fcm_exclude.cpp b/compatibility_matrices/exclude/fcm_exclude.cpp
index fc3a8b3..d92c0b9 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/exclude/fcm_exclude.cpp
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/exclude/fcm_exclude.cpp
@@ -24,9 +24,7 @@
 namespace android::vintf::details {
 
 // The predicate to VintfObject::checkMissingHalsInMatrices.
-bool ShouldCheckMissingHalsInFcm(const std::string& package) {
-    using std::placeholders::_1;
-
+bool ShouldCheckMissingHidlHalsInFcm(const std::string& packageAndVersion) {
     static std::vector<std::string> included_prefixes{
             // Other AOSP HALs (e.g. android.frameworks.*) are not added because only framework
             // matrix is checked.
@@ -51,29 +49,11 @@
             "android.hardware.media.bufferpool@1.0",
             "android.hardware.media.bufferpool@2.0",
             "android.hardware.radio.config@1.2",
-            // AIDL
-            "android.hardware.audio.common",
-            "android.hardware.audio.core.sounddose",
-            "android.hardware.biometrics.common",
-            "android.hardware.camera.metadata",
-            "android.hardware.camera.device",
-            "android.hardware.camera.common",
-            "android.hardware.common",
-            "android.hardware.common.fmq",
-            "android.hardware.graphics.common",
-            "android.hardware.input.common",
-            "android.hardware.keymaster",
-            "android.hardware.media.bufferpool2",
-            "android.hardware.radio",
-            "android.hardware.threadnetwork",
-            "android.hardware.uwb.fira_android",
 
             // Fastboot HAL is only used by recovery. Recovery is owned by OEM. Framework
             // does not depend on this HAL, hence it is not declared in any manifests or matrices.
             "android.hardware.fastboot@1.0",
             "android.hardware.fastboot@1.1",
-            // Fastboot AIDL
-            "android.hardware.fastboot",
 
             // Deprecated HALs.
             // HIDL
@@ -107,7 +87,7 @@
     };
 
     auto package_has_prefix = [&](const std::string& prefix) {
-        return android::base::StartsWith(package, prefix);
+        return android::base::StartsWith(packageAndVersion, prefix);
     };
 
     // Only check packageAndVersions that are in the include list and not in the exclude list.
@@ -115,7 +95,69 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    if (std::find(excluded_exact.begin(), excluded_exact.end(), package) != excluded_exact.end()) {
+    if (std::find(excluded_exact.begin(), excluded_exact.end(), packageAndVersion) !=
+        excluded_exact.end()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return !std::any_of(excluded_prefixes.begin(), excluded_prefixes.end(), package_has_prefix);
+}
+
+// The predicate to VintfObject::checkMissingHalsInMatrices.
+bool ShouldCheckMissingAidlHalsInFcm(const std::string& packageAndVersion) {
+    static std::vector<std::string> included_prefixes{
+            // Other AOSP HALs (e.g. android.frameworks.*) are not added because only framework
+            // matrix is checked.
+            "android.hardware.",
+    };
+
+    static std::vector<std::string> excluded_prefixes{
+            // Packages without top level interfaces (including types-only packages) are exempted.
+            "android.hardware.audio.common@",
+            "android.hardware.biometrics.common@",
+            "android.hardware.camera.metadata@",
+            "android.hardware.camera.device@",
+            "android.hardware.camera.common@",
+            "android.hardware.common@",
+            "android.hardware.common.fmq@",
+            "android.hardware.gnss.measurement_corrections@",
+            "android.hardware.gnss.visibility_control@",
+            "android.hardware.graphics.common@",
+            "android.hardware.input.common@",
+            "android.hardware.keymaster@",
+            "android.hardware.media.bufferpool2@",
+            "android.hardware.radio@",
+            "android.hardware.uwb.fira_android@",
+
+            // Test packages are exempted.
+            "android.hardware.tests.",
+
+            // Fastboot HAL is only used by recovery. Recovery is owned by OEM. Framework
+            // does not depend on this HAL, hence it is not declared in any manifests or matrices.
+            "android.hardware.fastboot@",
+    };
+
+    static std::vector<std::string> excluded_exact{
+            // Packages without top level interfaces (including types-only packages) are exempted.
+
+            // AIDL
+            "android.hardware.audio.core.sounddose@1",
+
+            // Deprecated HALs.
+            "android.hardware.bluetooth.audio@1",
+    };
+
+    auto package_has_prefix = [&](const std::string& prefix) {
+        return android::base::StartsWith(packageAndVersion, prefix);
+    };
+
+    // Only check packageAndVersions that are in the include list and not in the exclude list.
+    if (!std::any_of(included_prefixes.begin(), included_prefixes.end(), package_has_prefix)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (std::find(excluded_exact.begin(), excluded_exact.end(), packageAndVersion) !=
+        excluded_exact.end()) {
         return false;
     }
 
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/exclude/include/vintf/fcm_exclude.h b/compatibility_matrices/exclude/include/vintf/fcm_exclude.h
index f74c217..e7ef4a0 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/exclude/include/vintf/fcm_exclude.h
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/exclude/include/vintf/fcm_exclude.h
@@ -24,7 +24,8 @@
 // Determine whether VINTF checks |package| is missing from FCMs.
 // |package| can be a HIDL package and version like
 // "android.hardware.foo@1.0", or an AIDL package name like
-// "android.hardware.foo".
-bool ShouldCheckMissingHalsInFcm(const std::string& package);
+// "android.hardware.foo@1".
+bool ShouldCheckMissingHidlHalsInFcm(const std::string& packageAndVersion);
+bool ShouldCheckMissingAidlHalsInFcm(const std::string& packageAndVersion);
 
 }  // namespace android::vintf::details
diff --git a/drm/1.0/default/Android.bp b/drm/1.0/default/Android.bp
index cbdab4f..45aba7b 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/default/Android.bp
+++ b/drm/1.0/default/Android.bp
@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
         "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
+        "libbase",
         "libcutils",
         "libhidlbase",
         "libhidlmemory",
diff --git a/drm/1.0/default/DrmPlugin.cpp b/drm/1.0/default/DrmPlugin.cpp
index 809f694..dfa5d22 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/default/DrmPlugin.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.0/default/DrmPlugin.cpp
@@ -98,8 +98,7 @@
                 break;
             }
         }
-        _hidl_cb(toStatus(status), toHidlVec(legacyRequest), requestType,
-                 defaultUrl.string());
+        _hidl_cb(toStatus(status), toHidlVec(legacyRequest), requestType, defaultUrl.c_str());
         return Void();
     }
 
@@ -219,7 +218,7 @@
         String8 legacyValue;
         status_t status = mLegacyPlugin->getPropertyString(
                 String8(propertyName.c_str()), legacyValue);
-        _hidl_cb(toStatus(status), legacyValue.string());
+        _hidl_cb(toStatus(status), legacyValue.c_str());
         return Void();
     }
 
diff --git a/drm/1.0/default/SharedLibrary.cpp b/drm/1.0/default/SharedLibrary.cpp
index 0a942cd..c9b5389 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/default/SharedLibrary.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.0/default/SharedLibrary.cpp
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 namespace helper {
 
 SharedLibrary::SharedLibrary(const String8& path) {
-    mLibHandle = dlopen(path.string(), RTLD_NOW);
+    mLibHandle = dlopen(path.c_str(), RTLD_NOW);
 }
 
 SharedLibrary::~SharedLibrary() {
diff --git a/drm/1.0/default/include/PluginLoader.h b/drm/1.0/default/include/PluginLoader.h
index 0c45fb3..5130b16 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/default/include/PluginLoader.h
+++ b/drm/1.0/default/include/PluginLoader.h
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@
 #define PLUGIN_LOADER_H_
 
 #include "SharedLibrary.h"
+
+#include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 #include <utils/String8.h>
 #include <utils/Vector.h>
@@ -39,14 +41,14 @@
          */
         String8 pluginDir(dir);
 
-        DIR* pDir = opendir(pluginDir.string());
+        DIR* pDir = opendir(pluginDir.c_str());
         if (pDir == NULL) {
-            ALOGE("Failed to find plugin directory %s", pluginDir.string());
+            ALOGE("Failed to find plugin directory %s", pluginDir.c_str());
         } else {
             struct dirent* pEntry;
             while ((pEntry = readdir(pDir))) {
                 String8 file(pEntry->d_name);
-                if (file.getPathExtension() == ".so") {
+                if (base::EndsWith(file.c_str(), ".so")) {
                     String8 path = pluginDir + "/" + pEntry->d_name;
                     T *plugin = loadOne(path, entry);
                     if (plugin) {
diff --git a/gatekeeper/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperTargetTest.cpp b/gatekeeper/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperTargetTest.cpp
index c89243b..032f7e2 100644
--- a/gatekeeper/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/gatekeeper/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperTargetTest.cpp
@@ -221,6 +221,47 @@
 }
 
 /**
+ * Ensure that passwords containing a NUL byte aren't truncated
+ */
+TEST_P(GatekeeperAidlTest, PasswordIsBinaryData) {
+    GatekeeperEnrollResponse enrollRsp;
+    GatekeeperVerifyResponse verifyRsp;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> rightPassword = {'A', 'B', 'C', '\0', 'D', 'E', 'F'};
+    std::vector<uint8_t> wrongPassword = {'A', 'B', 'C', '\0', '\0', '\0', '\0'};
+
+    ALOGI("Testing Enroll+Verify of password with embedded NUL (expected success)");
+    enrollNewPassword(rightPassword, enrollRsp, true);
+    verifyPassword(rightPassword, enrollRsp.data, 1, verifyRsp, true);
+
+    ALOGI("Testing Verify of wrong password (expected failure)");
+    verifyPassword(wrongPassword, enrollRsp.data, 1, verifyRsp, false);
+
+    ALOGI("PasswordIsBinaryData test done");
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure that long passwords aren't truncated
+ */
+TEST_P(GatekeeperAidlTest, LongPassword) {
+    GatekeeperEnrollResponse enrollRsp;
+    GatekeeperVerifyResponse verifyRsp;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> password;
+
+    password.resize(64);  // maximum length used by Android
+    memset(password.data(), 'A', password.size());
+
+    ALOGI("Testing Enroll+Verify of long password (expected success)");
+    enrollNewPassword(password, enrollRsp, true);
+    verifyPassword(password, enrollRsp.data, 1, verifyRsp, true);
+
+    ALOGI("Testing Verify of wrong password (expected failure)");
+    password[password.size() - 1] ^= 1;
+    verifyPassword(password, enrollRsp.data, 1, verifyRsp, false);
+
+    ALOGI("LongPassword test done");
+}
+
+/**
  * Ensure we can securely update password (keep the same
  * secure user_id) if we prove we know old password
  */
diff --git a/graphics/common/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/Dataspace.aidl b/graphics/common/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/Dataspace.aidl
index 3ff0a65..4b6613e 100644
--- a/graphics/common/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/Dataspace.aidl
+++ b/graphics/common/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/Dataspace.aidl
@@ -23,11 +23,26 @@
     /**
      * Default-assumption data space, when not explicitly specified.
      *
-     * It is safest to assume the buffer is an image with sRGB primaries and
-     * encoding ranges, but the consumer and/or the producer of the data may
-     * simply be using defaults. No automatic gamma transform should be
-     * expected, except for a possible display gamma transform when drawn to a
-     * screen.
+     * IAllocator implementations must not assume a particular dataspace interpretation when
+     * allocating a buffer. That is, the dataspace stored on a buffer's metadata must
+     * explicitly be UNKNOWN at the time of allocation. All other vendor implementations (for
+     * example, IComposer) are suggested to assume that the buffer is an image that conforms
+     * to the recommendations outlined by STANDARD_UNSPECIFIED, TRANSFER_UNSPECIFIED, and
+     * RANGE_UNSPECIFIED in order to avoid obviously-broken behavior.
+     *
+     * This means:
+     * - RGB buffers may be assumed to follow sRGB (IEC 61966-2.1)
+     * - YCbCr buffers smaller than 720p may be assumed to follow BT. 601-7
+     * - YCbCr buffers at least 720p may be assumed to follow BT. 709-6
+     * - Y buffers are full range with an undefined transfer and primaries
+     * - All other buffer formats may be treated in an implementation-defined manner
+     *
+     * It is the framework's - and application's - responsibility to communicate
+     * an accurate dataspace for any buffers throughout the system to guarantee
+     * well-defined behavior. For the framework, this means translating UNKNOWN
+     * dataspaces to a chosen default, and setting gralloc metadata on the buffer
+     * accordingly. For the application, this means signaling a defined dataspace
+     * to any framework apis.
      */
     UNKNOWN = 0x0,
 
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
index 62974f8..6960d06 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
     auto texture = std::make_shared<renderengine::impl::ExternalTexture>(
             mGraphicBuffer, *mRenderEngine, renderengine::impl::ExternalTexture::Usage::WRITEABLE);
     auto result = mRenderEngine
-                          ->drawLayers(mDisplaySettings, compositionLayers, texture, true,
+                          ->drawLayers(mDisplaySettings, compositionLayers, texture,
                                        std::move(bufferFence))
                           .get();
     if (result.ok()) {
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp
index fa1d588..74d2f03 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp
@@ -82,13 +82,13 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mTestRenderEngine = std::unique_ptr<TestRenderEngine>(new TestRenderEngine(
                         renderengine::RenderEngineCreationArgs::Builder()
-                            .setPixelFormat(static_cast<int>(ui::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888))
-                            .setImageCacheSize(TestRenderEngine::sMaxFrameBufferAcquireBuffers)
-                            .setUseColorManagerment(true)
-                            .setEnableProtectedContext(false)
-                            .setPrecacheToneMapperShaderOnly(false)
-                            .setContextPriority(renderengine::RenderEngine::ContextPriority::HIGH)
-                            .build())));
+                                .setPixelFormat(static_cast<int>(ui::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888))
+                                .setImageCacheSize(TestRenderEngine::sMaxFrameBufferAcquireBuffers)
+                                .setEnableProtectedContext(false)
+                                .setPrecacheToneMapperShaderOnly(false)
+                                .setContextPriority(
+                                        renderengine::RenderEngine::ContextPriority::HIGH)
+                                .build())));
 
         renderengine::DisplaySettings clientCompositionDisplay;
         clientCompositionDisplay.physicalDisplay = Rect(mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight);
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/Android.bp b/graphics/composer/aidl/Android.bp
index 88abb73..c105ad4 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@
                 enabled: true,
             },
         },
+        rust: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
     },
     versions_with_info: [
         {
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.composer3/current/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.composer3/current/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.aidl
index a60c93d..bc27cc7 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.composer3/current/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.graphics.composer3/current/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.aidl
@@ -42,6 +42,9 @@
   int getActiveConfig(long display);
   android.hardware.graphics.composer3.ColorMode[] getColorModes(long display);
   float[] getDataspaceSaturationMatrix(android.hardware.graphics.common.Dataspace dataspace);
+  /**
+   * @deprecated use getDisplayConfigurations instead. Returns a display attribute value for a particular display configuration. For legacy support getDisplayAttribute should return valid values for any requested DisplayAttribute, and for all of the configs obtained either through getDisplayConfigs or getDisplayConfigurations.
+   */
   int getDisplayAttribute(long display, int config, android.hardware.graphics.composer3.DisplayAttribute attribute);
   android.hardware.graphics.composer3.DisplayCapability[] getDisplayCapabilities(long display);
   /**
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DisplayConfiguration.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DisplayConfiguration.aidl
index 791078d..09c42dc 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DisplayConfiguration.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/DisplayConfiguration.aidl
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
     int height;
 
     /**
-     * Dots per thousand inches.
+     * Dots per inch.
      * If the DPI for a configuration is unavailable or is
      * considered unreliable, the device may set null instead.
      */
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.aidl b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.aidl
index c57f94e..725c947 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.aidl
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposerClient.aidl
@@ -236,9 +236,18 @@
     float[] getDataspaceSaturationMatrix(android.hardware.graphics.common.Dataspace dataspace);
 
     /**
+     * @deprecated use getDisplayConfigurations instead.
+     *
      * Returns a display attribute value for a particular display
      * configuration.
      *
+     * For legacy support getDisplayAttribute should return valid values for any requested
+     * DisplayAttribute, and for all of the configs obtained either through getDisplayConfigs
+     * or getDisplayConfigurations.
+     *
+     * @see getDisplayConfigurations
+     * @see getDisplayConfigs
+     *
      * @param display is the display to query.
      * @param config is the display configuration for which to return
      *        attribute values.
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
index 19e8a9b..d1f89d0 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
             mGraphicBuffer, *mRenderEngine,
             ::android::renderengine::impl::ExternalTexture::Usage::WRITEABLE);
     auto result = mRenderEngine
-                          ->drawLayers(mDisplaySettings, compositionLayers, texture, true,
+                          ->drawLayers(mDisplaySettings, compositionLayers, texture,
                                        std::move(bufferFence))
                           .get();
     if (result.ok()) {
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp
index 269abd1..a83b833 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@
                         ::android::renderengine::RenderEngineCreationArgs::Builder()
                                 .setPixelFormat(static_cast<int>(common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888))
                                 .setImageCacheSize(TestRenderEngine::sMaxFrameBufferAcquireBuffers)
-                                .setUseColorManagerment(true)
                                 .setEnableProtectedContext(false)
                                 .setPrecacheToneMapperShaderOnly(false)
                                 .setContextPriority(::android::renderengine::RenderEngine::
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/4.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV4_0TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/mapper/4.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV4_0TargetTest.cpp
index 03d9041..bae362f 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/4.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV4_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/4.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV4_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -2223,11 +2223,14 @@
     // Keep optional metadata types below and populate the encoded metadata vec
     // with some arbitrary different metadata because the common gralloc4::decode*()
     // functions do not distinguish between an empty vec and bad value.
-    ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, gralloc4::encodeDataspace(Dataspace::SRGB_LINEAR, &vec));
-    ASSERT_EQ(Error::UNSUPPORTED,
-              mGralloc->set(bufferHandle, gralloc4::MetadataType_Smpte2086, vec));
-    ASSERT_EQ(Error::UNSUPPORTED,
-              mGralloc->set(bufferHandle, gralloc4::MetadataType_Cta861_3, vec));
+    if (base::GetIntProperty("ro.vendor.api_level", __ANDROID_API_FUTURE__) >= __ANDROID_API_T__) {
+        // Some old grallocs shipped with broken validation.
+        ASSERT_EQ(NO_ERROR, gralloc4::encodeDataspace(Dataspace::SRGB_LINEAR, &vec));
+        ASSERT_EQ(Error::UNSUPPORTED,
+                  mGralloc->set(bufferHandle, gralloc4::MetadataType_Smpte2086, vec));
+        ASSERT_EQ(Error::UNSUPPORTED,
+                  mGralloc->set(bufferHandle, gralloc4::MetadataType_Cta861_3, vec));
+    }
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/input/common/aidl/Android.bp b/input/common/aidl/Android.bp
index 95a14b2..f23f270 100644
--- a/input/common/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/input/common/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@
         java: {
             enabled: false,
         },
+        rust: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
     },
     versions_with_info: [
         {
diff --git a/nfc/aidl/Android.bp b/nfc/aidl/Android.bp
index 09a45d1..08ec5fe 100644
--- a/nfc/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/nfc/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@
             sdk_version: "module_current",
             enabled: false,
         },
+        rust: {
+            enabled: true,
+        },
     },
     versions_with_info: [
         {
diff --git a/power/aidl/Android.bp b/power/aidl/Android.bp
index 082572d..7643926 100644
--- a/power/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/power/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -55,6 +55,44 @@
         },
 
     ],
-    frozen: true,
+    frozen: false,
 
 }
+
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "android.hardware.power-ndk_shared",
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.power-V5-ndk",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "android.hardware.power-ndk_export_shared",
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.power-V5-ndk",
+    ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.power-V5-ndk",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "android.hardware.power-ndk_static",
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.power-V5-ndk",
+    ],
+}
+
+java_defaults {
+    name: "android.hardware.power-java_shared",
+    libs: [
+        "android.hardware.power-V5-java",
+    ],
+}
+
+java_defaults {
+    name: "android.hardware.power-java_static",
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.power-V5-java",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/Boost.aidl b/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/Boost.aidl
index c792d4e..8ee15ef 100644
--- a/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/Boost.aidl
+++ b/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/Boost.aidl
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@
 package android.hardware.power;
 @Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
 enum Boost {
-  INTERACTION = 0,
-  DISPLAY_UPDATE_IMMINENT = 1,
-  ML_ACC = 2,
-  AUDIO_LAUNCH = 3,
-  CAMERA_LAUNCH = 4,
-  CAMERA_SHOT = 5,
+  INTERACTION,
+  DISPLAY_UPDATE_IMMINENT,
+  ML_ACC,
+  AUDIO_LAUNCH,
+  CAMERA_LAUNCH,
+  CAMERA_SHOT,
 }
diff --git a/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/IPowerHintSession.aidl b/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/IPowerHintSession.aidl
index e6809da..6bc663e 100644
--- a/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/IPowerHintSession.aidl
+++ b/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/IPowerHintSession.aidl
@@ -41,4 +41,5 @@
   oneway void close();
   oneway void sendHint(android.hardware.power.SessionHint hint);
   void setThreads(in int[] threadIds);
+  oneway void setMode(android.hardware.power.SessionMode type, boolean enabled);
 }
diff --git a/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/Mode.aidl b/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/Mode.aidl
index f38426b..efbb300 100644
--- a/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/Mode.aidl
+++ b/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/Mode.aidl
@@ -34,21 +34,21 @@
 package android.hardware.power;
 @Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
 enum Mode {
-  DOUBLE_TAP_TO_WAKE = 0,
-  LOW_POWER = 1,
-  SUSTAINED_PERFORMANCE = 2,
-  FIXED_PERFORMANCE = 3,
-  VR = 4,
-  LAUNCH = 5,
-  EXPENSIVE_RENDERING = 6,
-  INTERACTIVE = 7,
-  DEVICE_IDLE = 8,
-  DISPLAY_INACTIVE = 9,
-  AUDIO_STREAMING_LOW_LATENCY = 10,
-  CAMERA_STREAMING_SECURE = 11,
-  CAMERA_STREAMING_LOW = 12,
-  CAMERA_STREAMING_MID = 13,
-  CAMERA_STREAMING_HIGH = 14,
-  GAME = 15,
-  GAME_LOADING = 16,
+  DOUBLE_TAP_TO_WAKE,
+  LOW_POWER,
+  SUSTAINED_PERFORMANCE,
+  FIXED_PERFORMANCE,
+  VR,
+  LAUNCH,
+  EXPENSIVE_RENDERING,
+  INTERACTIVE,
+  DEVICE_IDLE,
+  DISPLAY_INACTIVE,
+  AUDIO_STREAMING_LOW_LATENCY,
+  CAMERA_STREAMING_SECURE,
+  CAMERA_STREAMING_LOW,
+  CAMERA_STREAMING_MID,
+  CAMERA_STREAMING_HIGH,
+  GAME,
+  GAME_LOADING,
 }
diff --git a/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/SessionMode.aidl b/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/SessionMode.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0ae0ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.power/current/android/hardware/power/SessionMode.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+// THIS FILE IS IMMUTABLE. DO NOT EDIT IN ANY CASE.                          //
+///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
+
+// This file is a snapshot of an AIDL file. Do not edit it manually. There are
+// two cases:
+// 1). this is a frozen version file - do not edit this in any case.
+// 2). this is a 'current' file. If you make a backwards compatible change to
+//     the interface (from the latest frozen version), the build system will
+//     prompt you to update this file with `m <name>-update-api`.
+//
+// You must not make a backward incompatible change to any AIDL file built
+// with the aidl_interface module type with versions property set. The module
+// type is used to build AIDL files in a way that they can be used across
+// independently updatable components of the system. If a device is shipped
+// with such a backward incompatible change, it has a high risk of breaking
+// later when a module using the interface is updated, e.g., Mainline modules.
+
+package android.hardware.power;
+@Backing(type="int") @VintfStability
+enum SessionMode {
+  POWER_EFFICIENCY,
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/IPowerHintSession.aidl b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/IPowerHintSession.aidl
index 7db0ea1..62263c8 100644
--- a/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/IPowerHintSession.aidl
+++ b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/IPowerHintSession.aidl
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 package android.hardware.power;
 
 import android.hardware.power.SessionHint;
+import android.hardware.power.SessionMode;
 import android.hardware.power.WorkDuration;
 
 @VintfStability
@@ -81,4 +82,13 @@
      *    must be thrown.
      */
     void setThreads(in int[] threadIds);
+
+    /**
+     * Called to enable or disable special modes for the hint session, which may
+     * adjust the power or performance of the session.
+     *
+     * @param type The mode being set
+     * @param enabled True to enable the mode, false to disable it
+     */
+    oneway void setMode(SessionMode type, boolean enabled);
 }
diff --git a/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/SessionMode.aidl b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/SessionMode.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1ee64e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/SessionMode.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.power;
+
+@VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum SessionMode {
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates that the work of this hint session is not
+     * critical to perceived performance, despite its CPU intensity,
+     * and can be safely scheduled to prefer power efficiency.
+     */
+    POWER_EFFICIENCY,
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/Android.bp b/power/aidl/default/Android.bp
index da91ee6..c0bfbe8 100644
--- a/power/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/power/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 
 cc_binary {
     name: "android.hardware.power-service.example",
+    defaults: ["android.hardware.power-ndk_shared"],
     relative_install_path: "hw",
     init_rc: [":android.hardware.power.rc"],
     vintf_fragments: [":android.hardware.power.xml"],
@@ -30,7 +31,6 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libbinder_ndk",
-        "android.hardware.power-V4-ndk",
     ],
     srcs: [
         "main.cpp",
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/PowerHintSession.cpp b/power/aidl/default/PowerHintSession.cpp
index f395800..452e435 100644
--- a/power/aidl/default/PowerHintSession.cpp
+++ b/power/aidl/default/PowerHintSession.cpp
@@ -59,4 +59,8 @@
     return ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
+ScopedAStatus PowerHintSession::setMode(SessionMode /* mode */, bool /* enabled */) {
+    return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::power::impl::example
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/PowerHintSession.h b/power/aidl/default/PowerHintSession.h
index 1d74716..b488bf1 100644
--- a/power/aidl/default/PowerHintSession.h
+++ b/power/aidl/default/PowerHintSession.h
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/power/BnPowerHintSession.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/power/SessionHint.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/power/SessionMode.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/power/WorkDuration.h>
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::power::impl::example {
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@
     ndk::ScopedAStatus close() override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus sendHint(SessionHint hint) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus setThreads(const std::vector<int32_t>& threadIds) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setMode(SessionMode mode, bool enabled) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::power::impl::example
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/power-default.xml b/power/aidl/default/power-default.xml
index f5dd6b9..418fb83 100644
--- a/power/aidl/default/power-default.xml
+++ b/power/aidl/default/power-default.xml
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 <manifest version="1.0" type="device">
     <hal format="aidl">
         <name>android.hardware.power</name>
-        <version>4</version>
+        <version>5</version>
         <fqname>IPower/default</fqname>
     </hal>
 </manifest>
diff --git a/power/aidl/vts/Android.bp b/power/aidl/vts/Android.bp
index 56c98bd..eb98b8b 100644
--- a/power/aidl/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/power/aidl/vts/Android.bp
@@ -26,14 +26,12 @@
     defaults: [
         "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
         "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+        "android.hardware.power-ndk_static",
     ],
     srcs: ["VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp"],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbinder_ndk",
     ],
-    static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.power-V4-ndk",
-    ],
     test_suites: [
         "general-tests",
         "vts",
diff --git a/power/aidl/vts/VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp b/power/aidl/vts/VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp
index c2216f8..96995a0 100644
--- a/power/aidl/vts/VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/power/aidl/vts/VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp
@@ -29,12 +29,12 @@
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::power {
 namespace {
 
-using ::android::base::GetUintProperty;
 using android::hardware::power::Boost;
 using android::hardware::power::IPower;
 using android::hardware::power::IPowerHintSession;
 using android::hardware::power::Mode;
 using android::hardware::power::SessionHint;
+using android::hardware::power::SessionMode;
 using android::hardware::power::WorkDuration;
 
 const std::vector<Boost> kBoosts{ndk::enum_range<Boost>().begin(), ndk::enum_range<Boost>().end()};
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@
 const std::vector<SessionHint> kSessionHints{ndk::enum_range<SessionHint>().begin(),
                                              ndk::enum_range<SessionHint>().end()};
 
+const std::vector<SessionMode> kSessionModes{ndk::enum_range<SessionMode>().begin(),
+                                             ndk::enum_range<SessionMode>().end()};
+
 const std::vector<Boost> kInvalidBoosts = {
         static_cast<Boost>(static_cast<int32_t>(kBoosts.front()) - 1),
         static_cast<Boost>(static_cast<int32_t>(kBoosts.back()) + 1),
@@ -59,6 +62,11 @@
         static_cast<SessionHint>(static_cast<int32_t>(kSessionHints.back()) + 1),
 };
 
+const std::vector<SessionMode> kInvalidSessionModes = {
+        static_cast<SessionMode>(static_cast<int32_t>(kSessionModes.front()) - 1),
+        static_cast<SessionMode>(static_cast<int32_t>(kSessionModes.back()) + 1),
+};
+
 class DurationWrapper : public WorkDuration {
   public:
     DurationWrapper(int64_t dur, int64_t time) {
@@ -92,36 +100,33 @@
         DurationWrapper(1000000000L, 4L),
 };
 
-// DEVICEs launching with Android 11 MUST meet the requirements for the
-// target-level=5 compatibility_matrix file.
-const uint64_t kCompatibilityMatrix5ApiLevel = 30;
-
-// DEVICEs launching with Android 13 MUST meet the requirements for the
-// target-level=7 compatibility_matrix file.
-const uint64_t kCompatibilityMatrix7ApiLevel = 33;
-
-// DEVICEs launching with Android 14 MUST meet the requirements for the
-// target-level=8 compatibility_matrix file.
-const uint64_t kCompatibilityMatrix8ApiLevel = 34;
-
-inline bool isUnknownOrUnsupported(const ndk::ScopedAStatus& status) {
-    return status.getStatus() == STATUS_UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION ||
-           status.getExceptionCode() == EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION;
-}
-
 class PowerAidl : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
         AIBinder* binder = AServiceManager_waitForService(GetParam().c_str());
         ASSERT_NE(binder, nullptr);
         power = IPower::fromBinder(ndk::SpAIBinder(binder));
-
-        mApiLevel = GetUintProperty<uint64_t>("ro.vendor.api_level", 0);
-        ASSERT_NE(mApiLevel, 0);
+        auto status = power->getInterfaceVersion(&mServiceVersion);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
     }
 
     std::shared_ptr<IPower> power;
-    uint64_t mApiLevel;
+    int32_t mServiceVersion;
+};
+
+class HintSessionAidl : public PowerAidl {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        PowerAidl::SetUp();
+        if (mServiceVersion < 2) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "DEVICE not launching with Power V2 and beyond.";
+        }
+
+        auto status = power->createHintSession(getpid(), getuid(), kSelfTids, 16666666L, &mSession);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mSession);
+    }
+    std::shared_ptr<IPowerHintSession> mSession;
 };
 
 TEST_P(PowerAidl, setMode) {
@@ -175,113 +180,95 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(PowerAidl, getHintSessionPreferredRate) {
-    int64_t rate = -1;
-    auto status = power->getHintSessionPreferredRate(&rate);
-    if (mApiLevel < kCompatibilityMatrix7ApiLevel && !status.isOk()) {
-        EXPECT_TRUE(isUnknownOrUnsupported(status));
-        GTEST_SKIP() << "DEVICE not launching with Android 13 and beyond.";
+    if (mServiceVersion < 2) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "DEVICE not launching with Power V2 and beyond.";
     }
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
+
+    int64_t rate = -1;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(power->getHintSessionPreferredRate(&rate).isOk());
     // At least 1ms rate limit from HAL
     ASSERT_GE(rate, 1000000);
 }
 
-TEST_P(PowerAidl, createAndCloseHintSession) {
-    std::shared_ptr<IPowerHintSession> session;
-    auto status = power->createHintSession(getpid(), getuid(), kSelfTids, 16666666L, &session);
-    if (mApiLevel < kCompatibilityMatrix7ApiLevel && !status.isOk()) {
-        EXPECT_TRUE(isUnknownOrUnsupported(status));
-        GTEST_SKIP() << "DEVICE not launching with Android 13 and beyond.";
-    }
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(session->pause().isOk());
-    ASSERT_TRUE(session->resume().isOk());
+TEST_P(HintSessionAidl, createAndCloseHintSession) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mSession->pause().isOk());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mSession->resume().isOk());
     // Test normal destroy operation
-    ASSERT_TRUE(session->close().isOk());
-    session.reset();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mSession->close().isOk());
+    mSession.reset();
 }
 
-TEST_P(PowerAidl, createHintSessionFailed) {
+TEST_P(HintSessionAidl, createHintSessionFailed) {
     std::shared_ptr<IPowerHintSession> session;
     auto status = power->createHintSession(getpid(), getuid(), kEmptyTids, 16666666L, &session);
 
     // Regardless of whether V2 and beyond is supported, the status is always not STATUS_OK.
     ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk());
-
-    // If device not launching with Android 13 and beyond, check whether it's supported,
-    // if not, skip the test.
-    if (mApiLevel < kCompatibilityMatrix7ApiLevel && isUnknownOrUnsupported(status)) {
-        GTEST_SKIP() << "DEVICE not launching with Android 13 and beyond.";
-    }
     ASSERT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode());
 }
 
-TEST_P(PowerAidl, updateAndReportDurations) {
-    std::shared_ptr<IPowerHintSession> session;
-    auto status = power->createHintSession(getpid(), getuid(), kSelfTids, 16666666L, &session);
-    if (mApiLevel < kCompatibilityMatrix7ApiLevel && !status.isOk()) {
-        EXPECT_TRUE(isUnknownOrUnsupported(status));
-        GTEST_SKIP() << "DEVICE not launching with Android 13 and beyond.";
-    }
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(session->updateTargetWorkDuration(16666667LL).isOk());
-    ASSERT_TRUE(session->reportActualWorkDuration(kDurations).isOk());
+TEST_P(HintSessionAidl, updateAndReportDurations) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mSession->updateTargetWorkDuration(16666667LL).isOk());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mSession->reportActualWorkDuration(kDurations).isOk());
 }
 
-TEST_P(PowerAidl, sendSessionHint) {
-    std::shared_ptr<IPowerHintSession> session;
-    auto status = power->createHintSession(getpid(), getuid(), kSelfTids, 16666666L, &session);
-    if (!status.isOk()) {
-        EXPECT_TRUE(isUnknownOrUnsupported(status));
-        return;
+TEST_P(HintSessionAidl, sendSessionHint) {
+    if (mServiceVersion < 4) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "DEVICE not launching with Power V4 and beyond.";
     }
+
     for (const auto& sessionHint : kSessionHints) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(session->sendHint(sessionHint).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mSession->sendHint(sessionHint).isOk());
     }
     for (const auto& sessionHint : kInvalidSessionHints) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(session->sendHint(sessionHint).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mSession->sendHint(sessionHint).isOk());
     }
 }
 
-TEST_P(PowerAidl, setThreads) {
-    std::shared_ptr<IPowerHintSession> session;
-    auto status = power->createHintSession(getpid(), getuid(), kSelfTids, 16666666L, &session);
-    if (mApiLevel < kCompatibilityMatrix7ApiLevel && !status.isOk()) {
-        EXPECT_TRUE(isUnknownOrUnsupported(status));
-        GTEST_SKIP() << "DEVICE not launching with Android 13 and beyond.";
+TEST_P(HintSessionAidl, setThreads) {
+    if (mServiceVersion < 4) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "DEVICE not launching with Power V4 and beyond.";
     }
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
 
-    status = session->setThreads(kEmptyTids);
-    if (mApiLevel < kCompatibilityMatrix8ApiLevel && isUnknownOrUnsupported(status)) {
-        GTEST_SKIP() << "DEVICE not launching with Android 14 and beyond.";
-    }
+    auto status = mSession->setThreads(kEmptyTids);
     ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk());
     ASSERT_EQ(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, status.getExceptionCode());
 
-    status = session->setThreads(kSelfTids);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mSession->setThreads(kSelfTids).isOk());
+}
+
+TEST_P(HintSessionAidl, setSessionMode) {
+    if (mServiceVersion < 5) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "DEVICE not launching with Power V5 and beyond.";
+    }
+
+    for (const auto& sessionMode : kSessionModes) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mSession->setMode(sessionMode, true).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mSession->setMode(sessionMode, false).isOk());
+    }
+    for (const auto& sessionMode : kInvalidSessionModes) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mSession->setMode(sessionMode, true).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(mSession->setMode(sessionMode, false).isOk());
+    }
 }
 
 // FIXED_PERFORMANCE mode is required for all devices which ship on Android 11
 // or later
 TEST_P(PowerAidl, hasFixedPerformance) {
-    if (mApiLevel < kCompatibilityMatrix5ApiLevel) {
-        GTEST_SKIP() << "FIXED_PERFORMANCE mode is only required for all devices launching Android "
-                        "11 or later.";
-    }
     bool supported;
     ASSERT_TRUE(power->isModeSupported(Mode::FIXED_PERFORMANCE, &supported).isOk());
     ASSERT_TRUE(supported);
 }
 
 GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(PowerAidl);
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(HintSessionAidl);
+
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Power, PowerAidl,
                          testing::ValuesIn(::android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IPower::descriptor)),
                          ::android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Power, HintSessionAidl,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(::android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IPower::descriptor)),
+                         ::android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
 
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::power
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
index e25249b..4a0be56 100644
--- a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 
     <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
         <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="300000" /> <!-- 5 min -->
         <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest" />
     </test>
 </configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
index 44b7419..a2cd791 100644
--- a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 
     <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
         <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="300000" /> <!-- 5 min -->
         <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest" />
     </test>
 </configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
index d0843e6..54051ed 100644
--- a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 
     <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
         <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="300000" /> <!-- 5 min -->
         <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_4TargetTest" />
     </test>
 </configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3617c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioV1_5TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="token" value="SIM_CARD" />
+
+    <!-- TODO: b/154638140, b/152655658: bad interactions -->
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioV1_5TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioV1_5TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="300000" /> <!-- 5 min -->
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_5TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.6/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.6/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c3ecdb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.6/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2023 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioV1_6TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+    <option name="config-descriptor:metadata" key="token" value="SIM_CARD" />
+
+    <!-- TODO: b/154638140, b/152655658: bad interactions -->
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioV1_6TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioV1_6TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="300000" /> <!-- 5 min -->
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_6TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetwork.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetwork.aidl
index d1a831b..cbc1e30 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetwork.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetwork.aidl
@@ -82,5 +82,4 @@
   oneway void isNullCipherAndIntegrityEnabled(in int serial);
   oneway void isN1ModeEnabled(in int serial);
   oneway void setN1ModeEnabled(in int serial, boolean enable);
-  oneway void setSatellitePlmn(in int serial, in List<String> plmnList);
 }
diff --git a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetworkResponse.aidl b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetworkResponse.aidl
index bf43d7c..c86bebc 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetworkResponse.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.radio.network/current/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetworkResponse.aidl
@@ -81,5 +81,4 @@
   oneway void isNullCipherAndIntegrityEnabledResponse(in android.hardware.radio.RadioResponseInfo info, in boolean isEnabled);
   oneway void isN1ModeEnabledResponse(in android.hardware.radio.RadioResponseInfo info, boolean isEnabled);
   oneway void setN1ModeEnabledResponse(in android.hardware.radio.RadioResponseInfo info);
-  oneway void setSatellitePlmnResponse(in android.hardware.radio.RadioResponseInfo info);
 }
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetwork.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetwork.aidl
index 2f40bd6..e4c3856 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetwork.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetwork.aidl
@@ -556,18 +556,4 @@
      * Response function is IRadioNetworkResponse.setN1ModeEnabledResponse()
      */
     void setN1ModeEnabled(in int serial, boolean enable);
-
-    /**
-     * Set the non-terrestrial PLMN with lower priority than terrestrial networks.
-     * MCC/MNC broadcast by the non-terrestrial networks may not be included in OPLMNwACT file on
-     * SIM profile. Acquisition of satellite based system is lower priority to terrestrial
-     * networks. UE shall make all attempts to acquire terrestrial service prior to camping on
-     * satellite LTE service.
-     *
-     * @param serial Serial number of request.
-     * @param plmnList The list of roaming PLMN used for connecting to satellite networks.
-     *
-     * Response function is IRadioNetworkResponse.setSatellitePlmnResponse()
-     */
-    void setSatellitePlmn(in int serial, in List<String> plmnList);
 }
diff --git a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetworkResponse.aidl b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetworkResponse.aidl
index 9798944..db37a0e 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetworkResponse.aidl
+++ b/radio/aidl/android/hardware/radio/network/IRadioNetworkResponse.aidl
@@ -668,21 +668,4 @@
      *   RadioError:INVALID_STATE
      */
     void setN1ModeEnabledResponse(in RadioResponseInfo info);
-
-    /**
-     * Response of setSatellitePlmn.
-     * This is an optional API.
-     *
-     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error.
-     *
-     * Valid errors returned:
-     *   RadioError:NONE
-     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
-     *   RadioError:INVALID_MODEM_STATE
-     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
-     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
-     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
-     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
-     */
-    void setSatellitePlmnResponse(in RadioResponseInfo info);
 }
diff --git a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/include/libradiocompat/RadioNetwork.h b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/include/libradiocompat/RadioNetwork.h
index ff3f10d..d57c83d 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/include/libradiocompat/RadioNetwork.h
+++ b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/include/libradiocompat/RadioNetwork.h
@@ -108,9 +108,6 @@
     ::ndk::ScopedAStatus setNullCipherAndIntegrityEnabled(int32_t serial, bool enabled) override;
     ::ndk::ScopedAStatus isNullCipherAndIntegrityEnabled(int32_t serial) override;
 
-    ::ndk::ScopedAStatus setSatellitePlmn(int32_t serial,
-                                          const std::vector<std::string>& plmnList) override;
-
   protected:
     std::shared_ptr<::aidl::android::hardware::radio::network::IRadioNetworkResponse> respond();
 
diff --git a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/RadioNetwork.cpp b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/RadioNetwork.cpp
index 1aa7c29..a379eec 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/RadioNetwork.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/compat/libradiocompat/network/RadioNetwork.cpp
@@ -372,12 +372,4 @@
     respond()->setN1ModeEnabledResponse(notSupported(serial));
     return ok();
 }
-
-ScopedAStatus RadioNetwork::setSatellitePlmn(int32_t serial,
-                                             const std::vector<std::string>& /*plmnList*/) {
-    LOG_CALL << serial;
-    LOG(ERROR) << " setSatellitePlmn is unsupported by HIDL HALs";
-    respond()->setSatellitePlmnResponse(notSupported(serial));
-    return ok();
-}
 }  // namespace android::hardware::radio::compat
diff --git a/radio/aidl/vts/radio_network_response.cpp b/radio/aidl/vts/radio_network_response.cpp
index eab9fac..25d45a5 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/vts/radio_network_response.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/vts/radio_network_response.cpp
@@ -320,9 +320,3 @@
     parent_network.notify(info.serial);
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
-
-ndk::ScopedAStatus RadioNetworkResponse::setSatellitePlmnResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
-    rspInfo = info;
-    parent_network.notify(info.serial);
-    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
-}
diff --git a/radio/aidl/vts/radio_network_test.cpp b/radio/aidl/vts/radio_network_test.cpp
index 9af2494..253ef82 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/vts/radio_network_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/aidl/vts/radio_network_test.cpp
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
                  RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED, RadioError::NO_RESOURCES}));
         if (radioRsp_network->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE) {
             // verify we get the value we set
-            ASSERT_EQ(radioRsp_network->networkTypeBitmapResponse, allowedNetworkTypesBitmap);
+            EXPECT_EQ(radioRsp_network->networkTypeBitmapResponse, allowedNetworkTypesBitmap);
         }
     }
 
@@ -2076,37 +2076,3 @@
                                  {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,
                                   RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
 }
-
-/**
- * Test IRadioNetwork.setSatellitePlmn() for the response returned.
- */
-TEST_P(RadioNetworkTest, setSatellitePlmn) {
-    int32_t aidl_version;
-    std::vector<std::string> plmnList = {"00101", "00102", "00103"};
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus aidl_status = radio_network->getInterfaceVersion(&aidl_version);
-    ASSERT_OK(aidl_status);
-    if (aidl_version < 3) {
-        ALOGI("Skipped the test since setSatellitePlmn is not supported on version < 3.");
-        GTEST_SKIP();
-    }
-
-    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
-
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus res = radio_network->setSatellitePlmn(serial, plmnList);
-    ASSERT_OK(res);
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
-    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_network->rspInfo.type);
-    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_network->rspInfo.serial);
-
-    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_network->rspInfo.error,
-                                 {
-                                         RadioError::NONE,
-                                         RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS,
-                                         RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE,
-                                         RadioError::MODEM_ERR,
-                                         RadioError::NO_RESOURCES,
-                                         RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,
-                                         RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED,
-                                 }));
-}
diff --git a/radio/aidl/vts/radio_network_utils.h b/radio/aidl/vts/radio_network_utils.h
index c2466ac..8f8f6b0 100644
--- a/radio/aidl/vts/radio_network_utils.h
+++ b/radio/aidl/vts/radio_network_utils.h
@@ -169,8 +169,6 @@
             const RadioResponseInfo& info, bool isEnabled) override;
 
     virtual ndk::ScopedAStatus setN1ModeEnabledResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info) override;
-
-    virtual ndk::ScopedAStatus setSatellitePlmnResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info) override;
 };
 
 /* Callback class for radio network indication */
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AttestKeyTest.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AttestKeyTest.cpp
index 8a8eaa4..4c46719 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AttestKeyTest.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AttestKeyTest.cpp
@@ -98,17 +98,17 @@
                         TypedTag<TagType::BYTES, tag> tag_type, const char* prop) {
     ::android::String8 prop_name =
             ::android::String8::format("ro.product.%s_for_attestation", prop);
-    std::string prop_value = ::android::base::GetProperty(prop_name.string(), /* default= */ "");
+    std::string prop_value = ::android::base::GetProperty(prop_name.c_str(), /* default= */ "");
     if (!prop_value.empty()) {
-        add_tag_from_prop(attestation_id_tags, tag_type, prop_name.string());
+        add_tag_from_prop(attestation_id_tags, tag_type, prop_name.c_str());
     } else {
         prop_name = ::android::String8::format("ro.product.vendor.%s", prop);
-        prop_value = ::android::base::GetProperty(prop_name.string(), /* default= */ "");
+        prop_value = ::android::base::GetProperty(prop_name.c_str(), /* default= */ "");
         if (!prop_value.empty()) {
-            add_tag_from_prop(attestation_id_tags, tag_type, prop_name.string());
+            add_tag_from_prop(attestation_id_tags, tag_type, prop_name.c_str());
         } else {
             prop_name = ::android::String8::format("ro.product.%s", prop);
-            add_tag_from_prop(attestation_id_tags, tag_type, prop_name.string());
+            add_tag_from_prop(attestation_id_tags, tag_type, prop_name.c_str());
         }
     }
 }
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@
         vector<uint8_t> attested_key_blob;
         vector<KeyCharacteristics> attested_key_characteristics;
         vector<Certificate> attested_key_cert_chain;
-        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
                   GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                       .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                       .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -167,9 +167,11 @@
                               &attested_key_cert_chain));
         KeyBlobDeleter attested_deleter(keymint_, attested_key_blob);
 
+        ASSERT_GT(attested_key_cert_chain.size(), 0);
+
         AuthorizationSet hw_enforced = HwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
         AuthorizationSet sw_enforced = SwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
+        ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
                                               SecLevel(),
                                               attested_key_cert_chain[0].encodedCertificate));
 
@@ -186,7 +188,7 @@
          */
         attested_key_characteristics.resize(0);
         attested_key_cert_chain.resize(0);
-        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
                   GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                       .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
                                       .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -199,9 +201,11 @@
                               &attested_key_cert_chain));
         KeyBlobDeleter attested_deleter2(keymint_, attested_key_blob);
 
+        ASSERT_GT(attested_key_cert_chain.size(), 0);
+
         hw_enforced = HwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
         sw_enforced = SwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo2", "bar2", sw_enforced,
+        ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo2", "bar2", sw_enforced,
                                               hw_enforced, SecLevel(),
                                               attested_key_cert_chain[0].encodedCertificate));
 
@@ -219,7 +223,7 @@
         attested_key_characteristics.resize(0);
         attested_key_cert_chain.resize(0);
         uint64_t timestamp = 1619621648000;
-        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
                   GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                       .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
                                       .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -231,6 +235,8 @@
                               &attested_key_cert_chain));
         KeyBlobDeleter attested_deleter3(keymint_, attested_key_blob);
 
+        ASSERT_GT(attested_key_cert_chain.size(), 0);
+
         // The returned key characteristics will include CREATION_DATETIME (checked below)
         // in SecurityLevel::KEYSTORE; this will be stripped out in the CheckCharacteristics()
         // call below, to match what getKeyCharacteristics() returns (which doesn't include
@@ -246,7 +252,7 @@
         EXPECT_TRUE(sw_enforced.Contains(TAG_CREATION_DATETIME, timestamp))
                 << "expected CREATION_TIMESTAMP in sw_enforced:" << sw_enforced
                 << " not in hw_enforced:" << hw_enforced;
-        EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
+        ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
                                               SecLevel(),
                                               attested_key_cert_chain[0].encodedCertificate));
 
@@ -336,7 +342,7 @@
 
     AuthorizationSet hw_enforced = HwEnforcedAuthorizations(attest_key_characteristics);
     AuthorizationSet sw_enforced = SwEnforcedAuthorizations(attest_key_characteristics);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), challenge, app_id,  //
+    ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), challenge, app_id,  //
                                           sw_enforced, hw_enforced, SecLevel(),
                                           attest_key_cert_chain[0].encodedCertificate));
 
@@ -354,7 +360,7 @@
     uint64_t serial_int2 = 255;
     vector<uint8_t> serial_blob2(build_serial_blob(serial_int2));
 
-    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                   .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                   .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -367,9 +373,11 @@
                           &attested_key_cert_chain));
     KeyBlobDeleter attested_deleter(keymint_, attested_key_blob);
 
+    ASSERT_GT(attested_key_cert_chain.size(), 0);
+
     AuthorizationSet hw_enforced2 = HwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
     AuthorizationSet sw_enforced2 = SwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced2, hw_enforced2,
+    ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced2, hw_enforced2,
                                           SecLevel(),
                                           attested_key_cert_chain[0].encodedCertificate));
 
@@ -437,7 +445,7 @@
         AuthorizationSet hw_enforced = HwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
         AuthorizationSet sw_enforced = SwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
         ASSERT_GT(cert_chain_list[i].size(), 0);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
+        ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
                                               SecLevel(),
                                               cert_chain_list[i][0].encodedCertificate));
 
@@ -512,7 +520,7 @@
         AuthorizationSet hw_enforced = HwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
         AuthorizationSet sw_enforced = SwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
         ASSERT_GT(cert_chain_list[i].size(), 0);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
+        ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
                                               SecLevel(),
                                               cert_chain_list[i][0].encodedCertificate));
 
@@ -628,7 +636,7 @@
         AuthorizationSet hw_enforced = HwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
         AuthorizationSet sw_enforced = SwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
         ASSERT_GT(cert_chain_list[i].size(), 0);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
+        ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
                                               SecLevel(),
                                               cert_chain_list[i][0].encodedCertificate));
 
@@ -678,7 +686,7 @@
         vector<uint8_t> attested_key_blob;
         vector<KeyCharacteristics> attested_key_characteristics;
         vector<Certificate> attested_key_cert_chain;
-        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE_MISSING,
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE_MISSING,
                   GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                       .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                       .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -687,7 +695,7 @@
                               attest_key, &attested_key_blob, &attested_key_characteristics,
                               &attested_key_cert_chain));
 
-        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE_MISSING,
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE_MISSING,
                   GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                       .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
                                       .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -725,7 +733,7 @@
         vector<uint8_t> attested_key_blob;
         vector<KeyCharacteristics> attested_key_characteristics;
         vector<Certificate> attested_key_cert_chain;
-        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
                   GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                       .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                       .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -740,7 +748,7 @@
 
         AuthorizationSet hw_enforced = HwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
         AuthorizationSet sw_enforced = SwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
+        ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
                                               SecLevel(),
                                               attested_key_cert_chain[0].encodedCertificate));
 
@@ -756,7 +764,7 @@
         /*
          * Use attestation key to sign EC key
          */
-        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
                   GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                       .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
                                       .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -771,7 +779,7 @@
 
         hw_enforced = HwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
         sw_enforced = SwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
+        ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "foo", "bar", sw_enforced, hw_enforced,
                                               SecLevel(),
                                               attested_key_cert_chain[0].encodedCertificate));
 
@@ -809,7 +817,7 @@
     vector<uint8_t> attested_key_blob;
     vector<KeyCharacteristics> attested_key_characteristics;
     vector<Certificate> attested_key_cert_chain;
-    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INCOMPATIBLE_PURPOSE,
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::INCOMPATIBLE_PURPOSE,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                   .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
                                   .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -872,6 +880,7 @@
         }
 
         ASSERT_EQ(result, ErrorCode::OK);
+        ASSERT_GT(attested_key_cert_chain.size(), 0);
         KeyBlobDeleter attested_deleter(keymint_, attested_key_blob);
 
         AuthorizationSet hw_enforced = HwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
@@ -882,7 +891,7 @@
         // attestation extension should contain them, so make sure the extra tag is added.
         hw_enforced.push_back(tag);
 
-        EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "challenge", "foo", sw_enforced,
+        ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "challenge", "foo", sw_enforced,
                                               hw_enforced, SecLevel(),
                                               attested_key_cert_chain[0].encodedCertificate));
     }
@@ -919,7 +928,9 @@
                     .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_ID_MODEL, "malicious-model");
 
     if (isSecondImeiIdAttestationRequired()) {
-        attestation_id_tags.Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_ID_SECOND_IMEI, "invalid-second-imei");
+        // Note: the invalid value here is < 16 bytes long to avoid triggering any implementation
+        // checks on valid IMEI lengths.
+        attestation_id_tags.Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_ID_SECOND_IMEI, "invalid-imei2");
     }
     vector<uint8_t> key_blob;
     vector<KeyCharacteristics> key_characteristics;
@@ -996,6 +1007,7 @@
     }
 
     ASSERT_EQ(result, ErrorCode::OK);
+    ASSERT_GT(attested_key_cert_chain.size(), 0);
     KeyBlobDeleter attested_deleter(keymint_, attested_key_blob);
 
     AuthorizationSet hw_enforced = HwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
@@ -1008,7 +1020,7 @@
     KeyParameter imei_tag = Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_ID_SECOND_IMEI, imei_blob);
     hw_enforced.push_back(imei_tag);
 
-    EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "challenge", "foo", sw_enforced,
+    ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "challenge", "foo", sw_enforced,
                                           hw_enforced, SecLevel(),
                                           attested_key_cert_chain[0].encodedCertificate));
 }
@@ -1067,6 +1079,7 @@
     }
 
     ASSERT_EQ(result, ErrorCode::OK);
+    ASSERT_GT(attested_key_cert_chain.size(), 0);
     KeyBlobDeleter attested_deleter(keymint_, attested_key_blob);
 
     AuthorizationSet hw_enforced = HwEnforcedAuthorizations(attested_key_characteristics);
@@ -1082,7 +1095,7 @@
     KeyParameter sec_imei_tag = Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_ID_SECOND_IMEI, sec_imei_blob);
     hw_enforced.push_back(sec_imei_tag);
 
-    EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "challenge", "foo", sw_enforced,
+    ASSERT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record(AidlVersion(), "challenge", "foo", sw_enforced,
                                           hw_enforced, SecLevel(),
                                           attested_key_cert_chain[0].encodedCertificate));
 }
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AuthTest.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AuthTest.cpp
index 290e8fc..d5c6d2a 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AuthTest.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/AuthTest.cpp
@@ -453,8 +453,18 @@
     vector<uint8_t> keyblob;
     vector<KeyCharacteristics> key_characteristics;
     vector<Certificate> cert_chain;
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
-              GenerateKey(builder, std::nullopt, &keyblob, &key_characteristics, &cert_chain));
+    auto result = GenerateKey(builder, std::nullopt, &keyblob, &key_characteristics, &cert_chain);
+    if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
+        if (result == ErrorCode::ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED) {
+            result = GenerateKeyWithSelfSignedAttestKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                                                .EcdsaKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                                                                .AttestKey()
+                                                                .SetDefaultValidity(),
+                                                        builder, &keyblob, &key_characteristics,
+                                                        &cert_chain);
+        }
+    }
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, result);
 
     // Verify first user to get a HAT that should work.
     const uint64_t challenge = 42;
@@ -535,7 +545,7 @@
     ASSERT_GT(dodgy_hat->mac.size(), 0);
     dodgy_hat->mac[0] ^= 0x01;
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::KEY_USER_NOT_AUTHENTICATED,
-              Finish(message, {} /* signature */, &ciphertext, hat.value()));
+              Finish(message, {} /* signature */, &ciphertext, dodgy_hat.value()));
 }
 
 // Test use of a key that requires an auth token for each action on the operation, with
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp
index 9f8593c..5f8ec0e 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintAidlTestBase.cpp
@@ -1300,15 +1300,12 @@
 }
 
 bool KeyMintAidlTestBase::IsRkpSupportRequired() const {
-    if (get_vsr_api_level() >= __ANDROID_API_T__) {
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    if (get_vsr_api_level() >= __ANDROID_API_S__) {
-        return SecLevel() != SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX;
-    }
-
-    return false;
+    // This is technically not a match to the requirements for S chipsets,
+    // however when S shipped there was a bug in the test that skipped the
+    // tests if KeyMint 2 was not on the system. So we allowed many chipests
+    // to ship without RKP support. In T we hardened the requirements around
+    // support for RKP, so relax the test to match.
+    return get_vsr_api_level() >= __ANDROID_API_T__;
 }
 
 vector<uint32_t> KeyMintAidlTestBase::ValidKeySizes(Algorithm algorithm) {
diff --git a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintTest.cpp b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintTest.cpp
index 1e61a18..022dd3f 100644
--- a/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintTest.cpp
+++ b/security/keymint/aidl/vts/functional/KeyMintTest.cpp
@@ -2565,22 +2565,24 @@
  * NewKeyGenerationTest.EcdsaDefaultSize
  *
  * Verifies that failing to specify a curve for EC key generation returns
- * UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
+ * UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE or UNSUPPORTED_EC_CURVE.
  */
 TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaDefaultSize) {
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
-              GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                  .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC)
-                                  .SigningKey()
-                                  .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                  .SetDefaultValidity()));
+    auto result = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                      .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC)
+                                      .SigningKey()
+                                      .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                                      .SetDefaultValidity());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result == ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE ||
+                result == ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_EC_CURVE)
+            << "unexpected result " << result;
 }
 
 /*
  * NewKeyGenerationTest.EcdsaInvalidCurve
  *
  * Verifies that specifying an invalid curve for EC key generation returns
- * UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
+ * UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE or UNSUPPORTED_EC_CURVE.
  */
 TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaInvalidCurve) {
     for (auto curve : InvalidCurves()) {
@@ -2593,7 +2595,8 @@
                                           .SetDefaultValidity(),
                                   &key_blob, &key_characteristics);
         ASSERT_TRUE(result == ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE ||
-                    result == ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_EC_CURVE);
+                    result == ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_EC_CURVE)
+                << "unexpected result " << result;
     }
 
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
@@ -8755,6 +8758,7 @@
 
 using VsrRequirementTest = KeyMintAidlTestBase;
 
+// @VsrTest = VSR-3.10-008
 TEST_P(VsrRequirementTest, Vsr13Test) {
     int vsr_api_level = get_vsr_api_level();
     if (vsr_api_level < __ANDROID_API_T__) {
@@ -8763,6 +8767,7 @@
     EXPECT_GE(AidlVersion(), 2) << "VSR 13+ requires KeyMint version 2";
 }
 
+// @VsrTest = VSR-3.10-013.001
 TEST_P(VsrRequirementTest, Vsr14Test) {
     int vsr_api_level = get_vsr_api_level();
     if (vsr_api_level < __ANDROID_API_U__) {
diff --git a/security/rkp/README.md b/security/rkp/README.md
index 8cd1582..15ea817 100644
--- a/security/rkp/README.md
+++ b/security/rkp/README.md
@@ -42,7 +42,9 @@
 sign certificate requests. Instead, UDS\_pub is just the first public key in a
 chain of public keys that end the KeyMint public key. All keys in the chain are
 transitively derived from the UDS and joined in a certificate chain following
-the specification of the [Android Profile for DICE](#android-profile-for-dice).
+the specification of the [Android Profile for DICE](android-profile-for-dice).
+
+[android-profile-for-dice]: https://pigweed.googlesource.com/open-dice/+/refs/heads/main/docs/android.md
 
 ### Phases
 
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@
   certificate requests; a single self-signed certificate signifies this phase.
 * DICE (Phase 2): A hardware root of trust key pair is only accessible to ROM
   or ROM extension code; the boot process follows the [Android Profile for
-  DICE](#android-profile-for-dice).
+  DICE](android-profile-for-dice).
 * SoC vendor certified DICE (Phase 3): This is identical to Phase 2, except the
   SoC vendor also does the UDS\_pub extraction or certification in their
   facilities, along with the OEM doing it in the factory. This tightens up the
@@ -163,67 +165,6 @@
 *   **KeyMint** is the secure area component that manages cryptographic keys and
     performs attestations (or perhaps some other secure area component).
 
-### Android Profile for DICE
-
-The Android Profile for DICE is based on the [Open Profile for
-DICE](https://pigweed.googlesource.com/open-dice/+/refs/heads/main/docs/specification.md),
-with additional constraints for details that the Open Profile for DICE leaves
-intentionally underspecified. This section describes the differences from the
-Open Profile for DICE.
-
-#### Algorithms
-
-The choice of algorithm must remain consistent with a given certificate e.g. if
-SHA-256 is used for the code hash then the authority hash, config hash, etc.
-must also use SHA-256.
-
-* UDS and CDI key pairs:
-  * Ed25519 / P-256 / P-384
-* Hash algorithms (digests can be encoded with their natural size and do not
-  need to be the 64-bytes specified by the Open Profile for DICE):
-  * SHA-256 / SHA-384 / SHA-512
-* HKDF with a supported message digest for all key derivation
-
-#### Mode
-
-A certificate must only set the mode to `normal` when all of the following
-conditions are met when loading and verifying the software component that is
-being described by the certificate:
-
-* verified boot with anti-rollback protection is enabled
-* only the verified boot authorities for production images are enabled
-* debug ports, fuses, or other debug facilities are disabled
-* device booted software from the normal primary source e.g. internal flash
-
-The mode should never be `not configured`.
-
-Every certificate in the DICE chain will need to be have the `normal` mode in
-order to be provisioned with production certificates by RKP.
-
-#### Configuration descriptor
-
-The configuration descriptor is a CBOR map with the following optional fields.
-If no fields are relevant, an empty map should be encoded. The key value range
-\[-70000, -70999\] is reserved for the Android Profile for DICE.
-Implementation-specific fields may be added using key values outside of the
-reserved range.
-
-```
-| Name              | Key    | Value type | Meaning                           |
-| ----------------- | ------ | ---------- | ----------------------------------|
-| Component name    | -70002 | tstr       | Name of firmware component / boot |
-:                   :        :            : stage                             :
-| Component version | -70003 | int / tstr | Version of firmware component /   |
-:                   :        :            : boot stage                        :
-| Resettable        | -70004 | null       | If present, key changes on factory|
-:                   :        :            : reset                             :
-| Security version  | -70005 | uint       | Machine-comparable, monotonically |
-:                   :        :            : increasing version of the firmware:
-:                   :        :            : component / boot stage where a    :
-:                   :        :            : greater value indicates a newer   :
-:                   :        :            : version                           :
-```
-
 ### HAL
 
 The remote provisioning HAL provides a simple interface that can be implemented
diff --git a/security/rkp/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/IRemotelyProvisionedComponent.aidl b/security/rkp/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/IRemotelyProvisionedComponent.aidl
index b231dae..f8a5540 100644
--- a/security/rkp/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/IRemotelyProvisionedComponent.aidl
+++ b/security/rkp/aidl/android/hardware/security/keymint/IRemotelyProvisionedComponent.aidl
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@
      *     1 : tstr,                                ; Issuer
      *     2 : tstr,                                ; Subject
      *     -4670552 : bstr .cbor PubKeyEd25519 /
-     *                bstr .cbor PubKeyECDSA256,
+     *                bstr .cbor PubKeyECDSA256 /
      *                bstr .cbor PubKeyECDSA384,    ; Subject Public Key
      *     -4670553 : bstr                          ; Key Usage
      *
diff --git a/sensors/common/default/2.X/Sensor.cpp b/sensors/common/default/2.X/Sensor.cpp
index 2c1cdfb..f8c857b 100644
--- a/sensors/common/default/2.X/Sensor.cpp
+++ b/sensors/common/default/2.X/Sensor.cpp
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
     : mIsEnabled(false),
       mSamplingPeriodNs(0),
       mLastSampleTimeNs(0),
+      mStopThread(false),
       mCallback(callback),
       mMode(OperationMode::NORMAL) {
     mRunThread = std::thread(startThread, this);
diff --git a/sensors/common/vts/utils/GrallocWrapper.cpp b/sensors/common/vts/utils/GrallocWrapper.cpp
index e6e0888..a15e7fe 100644
--- a/sensors/common/vts/utils/GrallocWrapper.cpp
+++ b/sensors/common/vts/utils/GrallocWrapper.cpp
@@ -124,7 +124,8 @@
 
   private:
     static constexpr uint64_t kBufferUsage =
-            static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::SENSOR_DIRECT_DATA | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN);
+            static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::SENSOR_DIRECT_DATA | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN |
+                                  BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_RARELY);
     AllocatorWrapperT<AllocatorT> mAllocator;
     sp<MapperT> mMapper;
 
diff --git a/threadnetwork/aidl/default/Android.bp b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/Android.bp
index bcd5704..62c8c9e 100644
--- a/threadnetwork/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -9,22 +9,21 @@
 //  in whole or in part, without the express written permission of
 //  Google LLC.
 
-cc_defaults {
-    name: "threadnetwork_service_default",
-    vintf_fragments: ["threadnetwork-default.xml"],
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.threadnetwork-service",
     vendor: true,
     relative_install_path: "hw",
 
     shared_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.threadnetwork-V1-ndk",
-        "libbase",
         "libbinder_ndk",
-        "libcutils",
         "liblog",
-        "libutils",
     ],
 
     static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.threadnetwork-V1-ndk",
+        "libbase",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libutils",
         "openthread-common",
         "openthread-hdlc",
         "openthread-platform",
@@ -33,6 +32,8 @@
         "openthread-url",
     ],
 
+    stl: "c++_static",
+
     srcs: [
         "main.cpp",
         "service.cpp",
@@ -41,22 +42,10 @@
     ],
 }
 
-cc_binary {
-    name: "android.hardware.threadnetwork-service.sim",
-    defaults: ["threadnetwork_service_default"],
-    init_rc: ["android.hardware.threadnetwork-service.sim.rc"],
-    required: ["ot-rcp"],
-}
-
-cc_binary {
-    name: "android.hardware.threadnetwork-service",
-    defaults: ["threadnetwork_service_default"],
-}
-
 cc_fuzz {
     name: "android.hardware.threadnetwork-service.fuzzer",
 
-    defaults:["service_fuzzer_defaults"],
+    defaults: ["service_fuzzer_defaults"],
     shared_libs: [
         "libbinder_ndk",
     ],
@@ -85,3 +74,36 @@
         ],
     },
 }
+
+prebuilt_etc {
+    name: "threadnetwork-default.xml",
+    src: "threadnetwork-default.xml",
+    sub_dir: "vintf",
+    installable: false,
+}
+
+prebuilt_etc {
+    name: "threadnetwork-service-sim.rc",
+    src: "threadnetwork-service-sim.rc",
+    installable: false,
+}
+
+apex {
+    name: "com.android.hardware.threadnetwork",
+    manifest: "manifest.json",
+    file_contexts: "file_contexts",
+    key: "com.android.hardware.key",
+    certificate: ":com.android.hardware.certificate",
+    updatable: false,
+    vendor: true,
+
+    binaries: [
+        "android.hardware.threadnetwork-service",
+        "ot-rcp",
+    ],
+    prebuilts: [
+        "threadnetwork-default.xml", // vintf_fragment
+        "threadnetwork-service-sim.rc", // init_rc
+        "android.hardware.thread_network.prebuilt.xml", // permission
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/threadnetwork/aidl/default/android.hardware.threadnetwork-service.sim.rc b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/android.hardware.threadnetwork-service.sim.rc
deleted file mode 100644
index 2fb409c..0000000
--- a/threadnetwork/aidl/default/android.hardware.threadnetwork-service.sim.rc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-service vendor.threadnetwork_hal /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.threadnetwork-service.sim spinel+hdlc+forkpty:///vendor/bin/ot-rcp?forkpty-arg=1
-    class hal
-    user thread_network
diff --git a/threadnetwork/aidl/default/file_contexts b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/file_contexts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..39ba3b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/file_contexts
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+(/.*)?                                                      u:object_r:vendor_file:s0
+/etc(/.*)?                                                  u:object_r:vendor_configs_file:s0
+/bin/hw/android\.hardware\.threadnetwork-service            u:object_r:hal_threadnetwork_default_exec:s0
+/bin/ot-rcp                                                 u:object_r:ot_rcp_exec:s0
diff --git a/threadnetwork/aidl/default/manifest.json b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/manifest.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..61e6dc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/manifest.json
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+    "name": "com.android.hardware.threadnetwork",
+    "version": 1
+}
diff --git a/threadnetwork/aidl/default/thread_chip.cpp b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/thread_chip.cpp
index 3d38cb8..9358eba 100644
--- a/threadnetwork/aidl/default/thread_chip.cpp
+++ b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/thread_chip.cpp
@@ -59,10 +59,6 @@
     AIBinder_DeathRecipient_setOnUnlinked(mDeathRecipient.get(), ThreadChip::onBinderUnlinkedJump);
 }
 
-ThreadChip::~ThreadChip() {
-    AIBinder_DeathRecipient_delete(mDeathRecipient.get());
-}
-
 void ThreadChip::onBinderDiedJump(void* context) {
     reinterpret_cast<ThreadChip*>(context)->onBinderDied();
 }
diff --git a/threadnetwork/aidl/default/thread_chip.hpp b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/thread_chip.hpp
index 1ab6d54..680580a 100644
--- a/threadnetwork/aidl/default/thread_chip.hpp
+++ b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/thread_chip.hpp
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 class ThreadChip : public BnThreadChip, ot::Posix::Mainloop::Source {
   public:
     ThreadChip(char* url);
-    ~ThreadChip();
+    ~ThreadChip() {}
 
     ndk::ScopedAStatus open(const std::shared_ptr<IThreadChipCallback>& in_callback) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus close() override;
diff --git a/threadnetwork/aidl/default/threadnetwork-service-sim.rc b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/threadnetwork-service-sim.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b889eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/threadnetwork/aidl/default/threadnetwork-service-sim.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+service vendor.threadnetwork_hal /apex/com.android.hardware.threadnetwork/bin/hw/android.hardware.threadnetwork-service spinel+hdlc+forkpty:///apex/com.android.hardware.threadnetwork/bin/ot-rcp?forkpty-arg=1
+    class hal
+    user thread_network
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.uwb.fira_android/current/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl b/uwb/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.uwb.fira_android/current/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl
index ff9c247..21951b6 100644
--- a/uwb/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.uwb.fira_android/current/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl
+++ b/uwb/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.uwb.fira_android/current/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
   CCC_SUPPORTED_RAN_MULTIPLIER = 0xA7,
   CCC_SUPPORTED_MAX_RANGING_SESSION_NUMBER = 0xA8,
   CCC_SUPPORTED_MIN_UWB_INITIATION_TIME_MS = 0xA9,
+  CCC_PRIORITIZED_CHANNEL_LIST = 0xAA,
   RADAR_SUPPORT = 0xB0,
   SUPPORTED_AOA_RESULT_REQ_ANTENNA_INTERLEAVING = 0xE3,
   SUPPORTED_MIN_RANGING_INTERVAL_MS = 0xE4,
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl b/uwb/aidl/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl
index ceef1be..2141b5a 100644
--- a/uwb/aidl/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl
+++ b/uwb/aidl/android/hardware/uwb/fira_android/UwbVendorCapabilityTlvTypes.aidl
@@ -149,6 +149,11 @@
      */
     CCC_SUPPORTED_MIN_UWB_INITIATION_TIME_MS = 0xA9,
 
+    /**
+     * Byte array of channels supported by the device, ordered by priority from highest to lowest.
+     */
+    CCC_PRIORITIZED_CHANNEL_LIST = 0xAA,
+
     /*********************************************
      * RADAR specific
      ********************************************/
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/default/Android.bp b/uwb/aidl/default/Android.bp
index 9621f2c..c6d1a52 100644
--- a/uwb/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/uwb/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@
     name: "android.hardware.uwb-service",
     crate_name: "uwb_default_hal",
     relative_install_path: "hw",
-    vintf_fragments: ["uwb-service.xml"],
     vendor: true,
+    prefer_rlib: true,
     rustlibs: [
         "android.hardware.uwb-V1-rust",
         "liblogger",
@@ -30,3 +30,47 @@
         "src/service.rs",
     ],
 }
+
+prebuilt_etc {
+    name: "uwb-service.rc",
+    src: "uwb-service.rc",
+    vendor: true,
+    installable: false,
+}
+
+prebuilt_etc {
+    name: "uwb-service.xml",
+    src: "uwb-service.xml",
+    sub_dir: "vintf",
+    vendor: true,
+    installable: false,
+}
+
+apex_key {
+    name: "com.android.hardware.uwb.key",
+    public_key: "com.android.hardware.uwb.avbpubkey",
+    private_key: "com.android.hardware.uwb.pem",
+}
+
+android_app_certificate {
+    name: "com.android.hardware.uwb.certificate",
+    certificate: "com.android.hardware.uwb",
+}
+
+apex {
+    name: "com.android.hardware.uwb",
+    manifest: "manifest.json",
+    file_contexts: "file_contexts",
+    key: "com.android.hardware.uwb.key",
+    certificate: ":com.android.hardware.uwb.certificate",
+    updatable: false,
+    vendor: true,
+
+    binaries: [
+        "android.hardware.uwb-service",
+    ],
+    prebuilts: [
+        "uwb-service.rc", // init_rc
+        "uwb-service.xml", // vintf_fragments
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.uwb.avbpubkey b/uwb/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.uwb.avbpubkey
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a7fce8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uwb/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.uwb.avbpubkey
Binary files differ
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.uwb.pem b/uwb/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.uwb.pem
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd38ef8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uwb/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.uwb.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
+MIIJRAIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCCS4wggkqAgEAAoICAQChE5EVDbSAKAru
+myK22LP72i2ivpJGi8DqRjgA5r6Zz3OKwtvrtSBaTtACv3j6ZALLndA2sgxbt64B
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+WfYseSukE1TB6GDEj4MsxFILKhwnxGWeD9x9+ejOPj7+Jk3oTiZPVc67LR0MDgDz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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.uwb.pk8 b/uwb/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.uwb.pk8
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8855197
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uwb/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.uwb.pk8
Binary files differ
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.uwb.x509.pem b/uwb/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.uwb.x509.pem
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..762ad88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uwb/aidl/default/com.android.hardware.uwb.x509.pem
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/default/file_contexts b/uwb/aidl/default/file_contexts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ec53ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uwb/aidl/default/file_contexts
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+(/.*)?                                          u:object_r:vendor_file:s0
+/etc(/.*)?                                      u:object_r:vendor_configs_file:s0
+/bin/hw/android\.hardware\.uwb-service          u:object_r:hal_uwb_default_exec:s0
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/default/manifest.json b/uwb/aidl/default/manifest.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f2f911
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uwb/aidl/default/manifest.json
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+{
+    "name": "com.android.hardware.uwb",
+    "version": 1
+}
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/default/src/uwb_chip.rs b/uwb/aidl/default/src/uwb_chip.rs
index cf32694..9587efb 100644
--- a/uwb/aidl/default/src/uwb_chip.rs
+++ b/uwb/aidl/default/src/uwb_chip.rs
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
 use async_trait::async_trait;
 use binder::{Result, Strong};
 
-use tokio::fs::{self, File};
-use tokio::io::AsyncReadExt;
+use tokio::fs::{File, OpenOptions};
+use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};
 use tokio::sync::Mutex;
 
 use std::os::fd::AsRawFd;
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
         callbacks: Strong<dyn IUwbClientCallback>,
         #[allow(dead_code)]
         tasks: tokio::task::JoinSet<()>,
+        serial: File,
     },
 }
 
@@ -64,7 +65,11 @@
     async fn open(&self, callbacks: &Strong<dyn IUwbClientCallback>) -> Result<()> {
         log::debug!("open: {:?}", &self.path);
 
-        let mut serial = File::open(&self.path)
+        let serial = OpenOptions::new()
+            .read(true)
+            .write(true)
+            .create(false)
+            .open(&self.path)
             .await
             .and_then(makeraw)
             .map_err(|_| binder::StatusCode::UNKNOWN_ERROR)?;
@@ -75,13 +80,17 @@
             let client_callbacks = callbacks.clone();
 
             let mut tasks = tokio::task::JoinSet::new();
+            let mut reader = serial
+                .try_clone()
+                .await
+                .map_err(|_| binder::StatusCode::UNKNOWN_ERROR)?;
 
             tasks.spawn(async move {
                 loop {
                     const UWB_HEADER_SIZE: usize = 4;
 
                     let mut buffer = vec![0; UWB_HEADER_SIZE];
-                    serial
+                    reader
                         .read_exact(&mut buffer[0..UWB_HEADER_SIZE])
                         .await
                         .unwrap();
@@ -89,7 +98,7 @@
                     let length = buffer[3] as usize + UWB_HEADER_SIZE;
 
                     buffer.resize(length, 0);
-                    serial
+                    reader
                         .read_exact(&mut buffer[UWB_HEADER_SIZE..length])
                         .await
                         .unwrap();
@@ -103,6 +112,7 @@
             *state = State::Opened {
                 callbacks: callbacks.clone(),
                 tasks,
+                serial,
             };
 
             Ok(())
@@ -149,10 +159,11 @@
     async fn sendUciMessage(&self, data: &[u8]) -> Result<i32> {
         log::debug!("sendUciMessage");
 
-        if let State::Opened { .. } = &mut *self.state.lock().await {
-            fs::write(&self.path, data)
+        if let State::Opened { ref mut serial, .. } = &mut *self.state.lock().await {
+            serial
+                .write(data)
                 .await
-                .map(|_| data.len() as i32)
+                .map(|written| written as i32)
                 .map_err(|_| binder::StatusCode::UNKNOWN_ERROR.into())
         } else {
             Err(binder::ExceptionCode::ILLEGAL_STATE.into())
diff --git a/uwb/aidl/default/uwb-service.rc b/uwb/aidl/default/uwb-service.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6a8eda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/uwb/aidl/default/uwb-service.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+service vendor.uwb_hal /apex/com.android.hardware.uwb/bin/hw/android.hardware.uwb-service ${ro.vendor.uwb.dev}
+    class hal
+    user uwb
diff --git a/vr/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalVrV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/vr/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalVrV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 049ec73..00943fd 100644
--- a/vr/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalVrV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/vr/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalVrV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/hardware/vr/1.0/IVr.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <hardware/vr.h>
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
diff --git a/wifi/aidl/default/aidl_struct_util.cpp b/wifi/aidl/default/aidl_struct_util.cpp
index 7bc2eeb..83e1193 100644
--- a/wifi/aidl/default/aidl_struct_util.cpp
+++ b/wifi/aidl/default/aidl_struct_util.cpp
@@ -887,6 +887,15 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+StaLinkLayerLinkStats::StaLinkState convertLegacyMlLinkStateToAidl(wifi_link_state state) {
+    if (state == wifi_link_state::WIFI_LINK_STATE_NOT_IN_USE) {
+        return StaLinkLayerLinkStats::StaLinkState::NOT_IN_USE;
+    } else if (state == wifi_link_state::WIFI_LINK_STATE_IN_USE) {
+        return StaLinkLayerLinkStats::StaLinkState::IN_USE;
+    }
+    return StaLinkLayerLinkStats::StaLinkState::UNKNOWN;
+}
+
 bool convertLegacyLinkLayerMlStatsToAidl(const legacy_hal::LinkLayerMlStats& legacy_ml_stats,
                                          StaLinkLayerStats* aidl_stats) {
     if (!aidl_stats) {
@@ -898,6 +907,7 @@
     for (const auto& link : legacy_ml_stats.links) {
         StaLinkLayerLinkStats linkStats = {};
         linkStats.linkId = link.stat.link_id;
+        linkStats.state = convertLegacyMlLinkStateToAidl(link.stat.state);
         linkStats.radioId = link.stat.radio;
         linkStats.frequencyMhz = link.stat.frequency;
         linkStats.beaconRx = link.stat.beacon_rx;
diff --git a/wifi/aidl/default/tests/aidl_struct_util_unit_tests.cpp b/wifi/aidl/default/tests/aidl_struct_util_unit_tests.cpp
index 5c334f8..995a13d 100644
--- a/wifi/aidl/default/tests/aidl_struct_util_unit_tests.cpp
+++ b/wifi/aidl/default/tests/aidl_struct_util_unit_tests.cpp
@@ -123,6 +123,9 @@
     // Add two radio stats
     legacy_ml_stats.radios.push_back(legacy_hal::LinkLayerRadioStats{});
     legacy_ml_stats.radios.push_back(legacy_hal::LinkLayerRadioStats{});
+    wifi_link_state states[sizeof(wifi_link_state)] = {wifi_link_state::WIFI_LINK_STATE_UNKNOWN,
+                                                       wifi_link_state::WIFI_LINK_STATE_NOT_IN_USE,
+                                                       wifi_link_state::WIFI_LINK_STATE_IN_USE};
     // Add two links.
     legacy_ml_stats.links.push_back(legacy_hal::LinkStats{});
     legacy_ml_stats.links.push_back(legacy_hal::LinkStats{});
@@ -133,6 +136,7 @@
         link.stat.beacon_rx = rand();
         // MLO link id: 0 - 15
         link.stat.link_id = rand() % 16;
+        link.stat.state = states[rand() % sizeof(states)];
         // Maximum number of radios is limited to 3 for testing.
         link.stat.radio = rand() % 4;
         link.stat.frequency = rand();
@@ -241,6 +245,18 @@
     int l = 0;
     for (legacy_hal::LinkStats& link : legacy_ml_stats.links) {
         EXPECT_EQ(link.stat.link_id, (uint8_t)converted.iface.links[l].linkId);
+        StaLinkLayerLinkStats::StaLinkState expectedState;
+        switch (link.stat.state) {
+            case wifi_link_state::WIFI_LINK_STATE_NOT_IN_USE:
+                expectedState = StaLinkLayerLinkStats::StaLinkState::NOT_IN_USE;
+                break;
+            case wifi_link_state::WIFI_LINK_STATE_IN_USE:
+                expectedState = StaLinkLayerLinkStats::StaLinkState::IN_USE;
+                break;
+            default:
+                expectedState = StaLinkLayerLinkStats::StaLinkState::UNKNOWN;
+        }
+        EXPECT_EQ(expectedState, converted.iface.links[l].state);
         EXPECT_EQ(link.stat.radio, converted.iface.links[l].radioId);
         EXPECT_EQ(link.stat.frequency, (uint32_t)converted.iface.links[l].frequencyMhz);
         EXPECT_EQ(link.stat.beacon_rx, (uint32_t)converted.iface.links[l].beaconRx);