diff --git a/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl
index 2d4d283..3c5f7f6 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl
+++ b/audio/aidl/android/hardware/audio/core/IModule.aidl
@@ -928,7 +928,10 @@
      * using 'connectExternalDevice' method. 'disconnectExternalDevice' method will be called
      * soon after this method with the same 'portId'.
      *
-     * @param portId The ID of the audio port that is about to disconnect
+     * Note: This method is called after the external device is disconnected. The system does
+     * not try to predict the disconnection event.
+     *
+     * @param portId The ID of the audio port corresponding to the disconnected device
      * @throws EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT In the following cases:
      *                             - If the port can not be found by the ID.
      *                             - If this is not a connected device port.
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/Module.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/Module.cpp
index 6c4d7ac..b8e1df8 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/Module.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/Module.cpp
@@ -93,32 +93,6 @@
     return std::all_of(profiles.begin(), profiles.end(), isDynamicProfile);
 }
 
-// Note: does not assign an ID to the config.
-bool generateDefaultPortConfig(const AudioPort& port, AudioPortConfig* config) {
-    const bool allowDynamicConfig = port.ext.getTag() == AudioPortExt::device;
-    *config = {};
-    config->portId = port.id;
-    for (const auto& profile : port.profiles) {
-        if (isDynamicProfile(profile)) continue;
-        config->format = profile.format;
-        config->channelMask = *profile.channelMasks.begin();
-        config->sampleRate = Int{.value = *profile.sampleRates.begin()};
-        config->flags = port.flags;
-        config->ext = port.ext;
-        return true;
-    }
-    if (allowDynamicConfig) {
-        config->format = AudioFormatDescription{};
-        config->channelMask = AudioChannelLayout{};
-        config->sampleRate = Int{.value = 0};
-        config->flags = port.flags;
-        config->ext = port.ext;
-        return true;
-    }
-    LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port " << port.id << " only has dynamic profiles";
-    return false;
-}
-
 bool findAudioProfile(const AudioPort& port, const AudioFormatDescription& format,
                       AudioProfile* profile) {
     if (auto profilesIt =
@@ -204,10 +178,11 @@
     }
     auto& configs = getConfig().portConfigs;
     auto portConfigIt = findById<AudioPortConfig>(configs, in_portConfigId);
+    const int32_t nominalLatencyMs = getNominalLatencyMs(*portConfigIt);
     // Since this is a private method, it is assumed that
     // validity of the portConfigId has already been checked.
-    const int32_t minimumStreamBufferSizeFrames = calculateBufferSizeFrames(
-            getNominalLatencyMs(*portConfigIt), portConfigIt->sampleRate.value().value);
+    const int32_t minimumStreamBufferSizeFrames =
+            calculateBufferSizeFrames(nominalLatencyMs, portConfigIt->sampleRate.value().value);
     if (in_bufferSizeFrames < minimumStreamBufferSizeFrames) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": insufficient buffer size " << in_bufferSizeFrames
                    << ", must be at least " << minimumStreamBufferSizeFrames;
@@ -241,7 +216,7 @@
                 std::make_unique<StreamContext::CommandMQ>(1, true /*configureEventFlagWord*/),
                 std::make_unique<StreamContext::ReplyMQ>(1, true /*configureEventFlagWord*/),
                 portConfigIt->format.value(), portConfigIt->channelMask.value(),
-                portConfigIt->sampleRate.value().value, flags, getNominalLatencyMs(*portConfigIt),
+                portConfigIt->sampleRate.value().value, flags, nominalLatencyMs,
                 portConfigIt->ext.get<AudioPortExt::mix>().handle,
                 std::make_unique<StreamContext::DataMQ>(frameSize * in_bufferSizeFrames),
                 asyncCallback, outEventCallback,
@@ -328,6 +303,29 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
+bool Module::generateDefaultPortConfig(const AudioPort& port, AudioPortConfig* config) {
+    const bool allowDynamicConfig = port.ext.getTag() == AudioPortExt::device;
+    for (const auto& profile : port.profiles) {
+        if (isDynamicProfile(profile)) continue;
+        config->format = profile.format;
+        config->channelMask = *profile.channelMasks.begin();
+        config->sampleRate = Int{.value = *profile.sampleRates.begin()};
+        config->flags = port.flags;
+        config->ext = port.ext;
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (allowDynamicConfig) {
+        config->format = AudioFormatDescription{};
+        config->channelMask = AudioChannelLayout{};
+        config->sampleRate = Int{.value = 0};
+        config->flags = port.flags;
+        config->ext = port.ext;
+        return true;
+    }
+    LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port " << port.id << " only has dynamic profiles";
+    return false;
+}
+
 void Module::populateConnectedProfiles() {
     Configuration& config = getConfig();
     for (const AudioPort& port : config.ports) {
@@ -617,10 +615,11 @@
 
     std::vector<AudioRoute*> routesToMixPorts = getAudioRoutesForAudioPortImpl(templateId);
     std::set<int32_t> routableMixPortIds = getRoutableAudioPortIds(templateId, &routesToMixPorts);
+    const int32_t nextPortId = getConfig().nextPortId++;
     if (!mDebug.simulateDeviceConnections) {
         // Even if the device port has static profiles, the HAL module might need to update
         // them, or abort the connection process.
-        RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(populateConnectedDevicePort(&connectedPort));
+        RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(populateConnectedDevicePort(&connectedPort, nextPortId));
     } else if (hasDynamicProfilesOnly(connectedPort.profiles)) {
         auto& connectedProfiles = getConfig().connectedProfiles;
         if (auto connectedProfilesIt = connectedProfiles.find(templateId);
@@ -644,7 +643,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    connectedPort.id = getConfig().nextPortId++;
+    connectedPort.id = nextPortId;
     auto [connectedPortsIt, _] =
             mConnectedDevicePorts.insert(std::pair(connectedPort.id, std::set<int32_t>()));
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": template port " << templateId << " external device connected, "
@@ -1035,6 +1034,18 @@
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Module::setAudioPortConfig(const AudioPortConfig& in_requested,
                                               AudioPortConfig* out_suggested, bool* _aidl_return) {
+    auto generate = [this](const AudioPort& port, AudioPortConfig* config) {
+        return generateDefaultPortConfig(port, config);
+    };
+    return setAudioPortConfigImpl(in_requested, generate, out_suggested, _aidl_return);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Module::setAudioPortConfigImpl(
+        const AudioPortConfig& in_requested,
+        const std::function<bool(const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort& port,
+                                 ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig* config)>&
+                fillPortConfig,
+        AudioPortConfig* out_suggested, bool* applied) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": requested " << in_requested.toString();
     auto& configs = getConfig().portConfigs;
     auto existing = configs.end();
@@ -1063,7 +1074,8 @@
         *out_suggested = *existing;
     } else {
         AudioPortConfig newConfig;
-        if (generateDefaultPortConfig(*portIt, &newConfig)) {
+        newConfig.portId = portIt->id;
+        if (fillPortConfig(*portIt, &newConfig)) {
             *out_suggested = newConfig;
         } else {
             LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": unable generate a default config for port " << portId;
@@ -1168,17 +1180,17 @@
     if (existing == configs.end() && requestedIsValid && requestedIsFullySpecified) {
         out_suggested->id = getConfig().nextPortId++;
         configs.push_back(*out_suggested);
-        *_aidl_return = true;
+        *applied = true;
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": created new port config " << out_suggested->toString();
     } else if (existing != configs.end() && requestedIsValid) {
         *existing = *out_suggested;
-        *_aidl_return = true;
+        *applied = true;
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": updated port config " << out_suggested->toString();
     } else {
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": not applied; existing config ? " << (existing != configs.end())
                    << "; requested is valid? " << requestedIsValid << ", fully specified? "
                    << requestedIsFullySpecified;
-        *_aidl_return = false;
+        *applied = false;
     }
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
@@ -1530,7 +1542,7 @@
     return mIsMmapSupported.value();
 }
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus Module::populateConnectedDevicePort(AudioPort* audioPort) {
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Module::populateConnectedDevicePort(AudioPort* audioPort, int32_t) {
     if (audioPort->ext.getTag() != AudioPortExt::device) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": not a device port: " << audioPort->toString();
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/alsa/ModuleAlsa.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/alsa/ModuleAlsa.cpp
index 8512631..9a2cce7 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/alsa/ModuleAlsa.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/alsa/ModuleAlsa.cpp
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleAlsa::populateConnectedDevicePort(AudioPort* audioPort) {
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleAlsa::populateConnectedDevicePort(AudioPort* audioPort, int32_t) {
     auto deviceProfile = alsa::getDeviceProfile(*audioPort);
     if (!deviceProfile.has_value()) {
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/DevicePortProxy.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/DevicePortProxy.cpp
index 1be0875..d772c20 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/DevicePortProxy.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/DevicePortProxy.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_BluetoothPortProxy"
+#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_BluetoothAudioPort"
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
@@ -254,12 +254,7 @@
     return (mCookie != ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::kObserversCookieUndefined);
 }
 
-bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::getPreferredDataIntervalUs(size_t* interval_us) const {
-    if (!interval_us) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": bad input arg";
-        return false;
-    }
-
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::getPreferredDataIntervalUs(size_t& interval_us) const {
     if (!inUse()) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
         return false;
@@ -272,16 +267,11 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    *interval_us = hal_audio_cfg.get<AudioConfiguration::pcmConfig>().dataIntervalUs;
+    interval_us = hal_audio_cfg.get<AudioConfiguration::pcmConfig>().dataIntervalUs;
     return true;
 }
 
-bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::loadAudioConfig(PcmConfiguration* audio_cfg) const {
-    if (!audio_cfg) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": bad input arg";
-        return false;
-    }
-
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::loadAudioConfig(PcmConfiguration& audio_cfg) {
     if (!inUse()) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
         return false;
@@ -293,15 +283,26 @@
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": unsupported audio cfg tag";
         return false;
     }
-    *audio_cfg = hal_audio_cfg.get<AudioConfiguration::pcmConfig>();
+    audio_cfg = hal_audio_cfg.get<AudioConfiguration::pcmConfig>();
     LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state*=" << getState() << ", PcmConfig=["
-                 << audio_cfg->toString() << "]";
-    if (audio_cfg->channelMode == ChannelMode::UNKNOWN) {
+                 << audio_cfg.toString() << "]";
+    if (audio_cfg.channelMode == ChannelMode::UNKNOWN) {
         return false;
     }
     return true;
 }
 
+bool BluetoothAudioPortAidlOut::loadAudioConfig(PcmConfiguration& audio_cfg) {
+    if (!BluetoothAudioPortAidl::loadAudioConfig(audio_cfg)) return false;
+    // WAR to support Mono / 16 bits per sample as the Bluetooth stack requires
+    if (audio_cfg.channelMode == ChannelMode::MONO && audio_cfg.bitsPerSample == 16) {
+        mIsStereoToMono = true;
+        audio_cfg.channelMode = ChannelMode::STEREO;
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": force channels = to be AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO";
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
 bool BluetoothAudioPortAidl::standby() {
     if (!inUse()) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": BluetoothAudioPortAidl is not in use";
@@ -435,7 +436,7 @@
                 retval = condWaitState(BluetoothStreamState::SUSPENDING);
             } else {
                 LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << debugMessage() << ", state=" << getState()
-                           << " Hal fails";
+                           << " failure to suspend stream";
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/ModuleBluetooth.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/ModuleBluetooth.cpp
index 8a1cbbf..9084b30 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/ModuleBluetooth.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/ModuleBluetooth.cpp
@@ -24,13 +24,25 @@
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata;
+using aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::ChannelMode;
+using aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioChannelLayout;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioConfigBase;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceDescription;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceType;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatDescription;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatType;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioIoFlags;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortExt;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioProfile;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::Int;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::PcmType;
 using android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidl;
+using android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidlIn;
 using android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidlOut;
 
 // TODO(b/312265159) bluetooth audio should be in its own process
@@ -39,6 +51,35 @@
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
 
+namespace {
+
+PcmType pcmTypeFromBitsPerSample(int8_t bitsPerSample) {
+    if (bitsPerSample == 8)
+        return PcmType::UINT_8_BIT;
+    else if (bitsPerSample == 16)
+        return PcmType::INT_16_BIT;
+    else if (bitsPerSample == 24)
+        return PcmType::INT_24_BIT;
+    else if (bitsPerSample == 32)
+        return PcmType::INT_32_BIT;
+    ALOGE("Unsupported bitsPerSample: %d", bitsPerSample);
+    return PcmType::DEFAULT;
+}
+
+AudioChannelLayout channelLayoutFromChannelMode(ChannelMode mode) {
+    if (mode == ChannelMode::MONO) {
+        return AudioChannelLayout::make<AudioChannelLayout::layoutMask>(
+                AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_MONO);
+    } else if (mode == ChannelMode::STEREO || mode == ChannelMode::DUALMONO) {
+        return AudioChannelLayout::make<AudioChannelLayout::layoutMask>(
+                AudioChannelLayout::LAYOUT_STEREO);
+    }
+    ALOGE("Unsupported channel mode: %s", toString(mode).c_str());
+    return AudioChannelLayout{};
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
 ModuleBluetooth::ModuleBluetooth(std::unique_ptr<Module::Configuration>&& config)
     : Module(Type::BLUETOOTH, std::move(config)) {
     // TODO(b/312265159) bluetooth audio should be in its own process
@@ -95,66 +136,130 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
 }
 
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::setAudioPortConfig(const AudioPortConfig& in_requested,
+                                                       AudioPortConfig* out_suggested,
+                                                       bool* _aidl_return) {
+    auto fillConfig = [this](const AudioPort& port, AudioPortConfig* config) {
+        if (port.ext.getTag() == AudioPortExt::device) {
+            CachedProxy proxy;
+            auto status = findOrCreateProxy(port, proxy);
+            if (status.isOk()) {
+                const auto& pcmConfig = proxy.pcmConfig;
+                LOG(DEBUG) << "setAudioPortConfig: suggesting port config from "
+                           << pcmConfig.toString();
+                const auto pcmType = pcmTypeFromBitsPerSample(pcmConfig.bitsPerSample);
+                const auto channelMask = channelLayoutFromChannelMode(pcmConfig.channelMode);
+                if (pcmType != PcmType::DEFAULT && channelMask != AudioChannelLayout{}) {
+                    config->format =
+                            AudioFormatDescription{.type = AudioFormatType::PCM, .pcm = pcmType};
+                    config->channelMask = channelMask;
+                    config->sampleRate = Int{.value = pcmConfig.sampleRateHz};
+                    config->flags = port.flags;
+                    config->ext = port.ext;
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return generateDefaultPortConfig(port, config);
+    };
+    return Module::setAudioPortConfigImpl(in_requested, fillConfig, out_suggested, _aidl_return);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::checkAudioPatchEndpointsMatch(
+        const std::vector<AudioPortConfig*>& sources, const std::vector<AudioPortConfig*>& sinks) {
+    // Both sources and sinks must be non-empty, this is guaranteed by 'setAudioPatch'.
+    const bool isInput = sources[0]->ext.getTag() == AudioPortExt::device;
+    const int32_t devicePortId = isInput ? sources[0]->portId : sinks[0]->portId;
+    const auto proxyIt = mProxies.find(devicePortId);
+    if (proxyIt == mProxies.end()) return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    const auto& pcmConfig = proxyIt->second.pcmConfig;
+    const AudioPortConfig* mixPortConfig = isInput ? sinks[0] : sources[0];
+    if (!StreamBluetooth::checkConfigParams(
+                pcmConfig, AudioConfigBase{.sampleRate = mixPortConfig->sampleRate->value,
+                                           .channelMask = *(mixPortConfig->channelMask),
+                                           .format = *(mixPortConfig->format)})) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    }
+    if (int32_t handle = mixPortConfig->ext.get<AudioPortExt::mix>().handle; handle > 0) {
+        mConnections.insert(std::pair(handle, devicePortId));
+    }
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+void ModuleBluetooth::onExternalDeviceConnectionChanged(const AudioPort& audioPort,
+                                                        bool connected) {
+    if (!connected) mProxies.erase(audioPort.id);
+}
+
 ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::createInputStream(
         StreamContext&& context, const SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
         const std::vector<MicrophoneInfo>& microphones, std::shared_ptr<StreamIn>* result) {
+    CachedProxy proxy;
+    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(fetchAndCheckProxy(context, proxy));
     return createStreamInstance<StreamInBluetooth>(result, std::move(context), sinkMetadata,
-                                                   microphones, getBtProfileManagerHandles());
+                                                   microphones, getBtProfileManagerHandles(),
+                                                   proxy.ptr, proxy.pcmConfig);
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::createOutputStream(
         StreamContext&& context, const SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
         const std::optional<AudioOffloadInfo>& offloadInfo, std::shared_ptr<StreamOut>* result) {
+    CachedProxy proxy;
+    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(fetchAndCheckProxy(context, proxy));
     return createStreamInstance<StreamOutBluetooth>(result, std::move(context), sourceMetadata,
-                                                    offloadInfo, getBtProfileManagerHandles());
+                                                    offloadInfo, getBtProfileManagerHandles(),
+                                                    proxy.ptr, proxy.pcmConfig);
 }
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::populateConnectedDevicePort(AudioPort* audioPort) {
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::populateConnectedDevicePort(AudioPort* audioPort,
+                                                                int32_t nextPortId) {
     if (audioPort->ext.getTag() != AudioPortExt::device) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": not a device port: " << audioPort->toString();
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
     }
+    if (!::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::BluetoothAudioSession::IsAidlAvailable()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": IBluetoothAudioProviderFactory AIDL service not available";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+    }
     const auto& devicePort = audioPort->ext.get<AudioPortExt::device>();
     const auto& description = devicePort.device.type;
-    // Since the configuration of the BT module is static, there is nothing to populate here.
-    // However, this method must return an error when the device can not be connected,
-    // this is determined by the status of BT profiles.
+    // This method must return an error when the device can not be connected.
     if (description.connection == AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_BT_A2DP) {
         bool isA2dpEnabled = false;
         if (!!mBluetoothA2dp) {
             RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR((*mBluetoothA2dp).isEnabled(&isA2dpEnabled));
         }
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": isA2dpEnabled: " << isA2dpEnabled;
-        return isA2dpEnabled ? ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok()
-                             : ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+        if (!isA2dpEnabled) return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
     } else if (description.connection == AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_BT_LE) {
         bool isLeEnabled = false;
         if (!!mBluetoothLe) {
             RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR((*mBluetoothLe).isEnabled(&isLeEnabled));
         }
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": isLeEnabled: " << isLeEnabled;
-        return isLeEnabled ? ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok()
-                           : ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+        if (!isLeEnabled) return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
     } else if (description.connection == AudioDeviceDescription::CONNECTION_WIRELESS &&
                description.type == AudioDeviceType::OUT_HEARING_AID) {
-        // Hearing aids can use a number of profiles, thus the only way to check
-        // connectivity is to try to talk to the BT HAL.
-        if (!::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::BluetoothAudioSession::
-                    IsAidlAvailable()) {
-            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
-        }
-        std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl> proxy = std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl>(
-                std::make_shared<BluetoothAudioPortAidlOut>());
-        if (proxy->registerPort(description)) {
-            LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": registered hearing aid port";
-            proxy->unregisterPort();
-            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
-        }
-        LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": failed to register hearing aid port";
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+        // Hearing aids can use a number of profiles, no single switch exists.
+    } else {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": unsupported device type: " << audioPort->toString();
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
     }
-    LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": unsupported device type: " << audioPort->toString();
-    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    CachedProxy proxy;
+    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(createProxy(*audioPort, nextPortId, proxy));
+    // Since the device is already connected and configured by the BT stack, provide
+    // the current configuration instead of all possible profiles.
+    const auto& pcmConfig = proxy.pcmConfig;
+    audioPort->profiles.clear();
+    audioPort->profiles.push_back(
+            AudioProfile{.format = AudioFormatDescription{.type = AudioFormatType::PCM,
+                                                          .pcm = pcmTypeFromBitsPerSample(
+                                                                  pcmConfig.bitsPerSample)},
+                         .channelMasks = std::vector<AudioChannelLayout>(
+                                 {channelLayoutFromChannelMode(pcmConfig.channelMode)}),
+                         .sampleRates = std::vector<int>({pcmConfig.sampleRateHz})});
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": " << audioPort->toString();
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::onMasterMuteChanged(bool) {
@@ -167,4 +272,77 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
 }
 
+int32_t ModuleBluetooth::getNominalLatencyMs(const AudioPortConfig& portConfig) {
+    const auto connectionsIt = mConnections.find(portConfig.ext.get<AudioPortExt::mix>().handle);
+    if (connectionsIt != mConnections.end()) {
+        const auto proxyIt = mProxies.find(connectionsIt->second);
+        if (proxyIt != mProxies.end()) {
+            auto proxy = proxyIt->second.ptr;
+            size_t dataIntervalUs = 0;
+            if (!proxy->getPreferredDataIntervalUs(dataIntervalUs)) {
+                LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": could not fetch preferred data interval";
+            }
+            const bool isInput = portConfig.flags->getTag() == AudioIoFlags::input;
+            return isInput ? StreamInBluetooth::getNominalLatencyMs(dataIntervalUs)
+                           : StreamOutBluetooth::getNominalLatencyMs(dataIntervalUs);
+        }
+    }
+    LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": no connection or proxy found for " << portConfig.toString();
+    return Module::getNominalLatencyMs(portConfig);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::createProxy(const AudioPort& audioPort, int32_t instancePortId,
+                                                CachedProxy& proxy) {
+    const bool isInput = audioPort.flags.getTag() == AudioIoFlags::input;
+    proxy.ptr = isInput ? std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl>(
+                                  std::make_shared<BluetoothAudioPortAidlIn>())
+                        : std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl>(
+                                  std::make_shared<BluetoothAudioPortAidlOut>());
+    const auto& devicePort = audioPort.ext.get<AudioPortExt::device>();
+    if (const auto device = devicePort.device.type; !proxy.ptr->registerPort(device)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": failed to register BT port for " << device.toString();
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+    }
+    if (!proxy.ptr->loadAudioConfig(proxy.pcmConfig)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": state=" << proxy.ptr->getState()
+                   << ", failed to load audio config";
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+    }
+    mProxies.insert(std::pair(instancePortId, proxy));
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::fetchAndCheckProxy(const StreamContext& context,
+                                                       CachedProxy& proxy) {
+    const auto connectionsIt = mConnections.find(context.getMixPortHandle());
+    if (connectionsIt != mConnections.end()) {
+        const auto proxyIt = mProxies.find(connectionsIt->second);
+        if (proxyIt != mProxies.end()) {
+            proxy = proxyIt->second;
+            mProxies.erase(proxyIt);
+        }
+        mConnections.erase(connectionsIt);
+    }
+    if (proxy.ptr != nullptr) {
+        if (!StreamBluetooth::checkConfigParams(
+                    proxy.pcmConfig, AudioConfigBase{.sampleRate = context.getSampleRate(),
+                                                     .channelMask = context.getChannelLayout(),
+                                                     .format = context.getFormat()})) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+        }
+    }
+    // Not having a proxy is OK, it may happen in VTS tests when streams are opened on unconnected
+    // mix ports.
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleBluetooth::findOrCreateProxy(const AudioPort& audioPort,
+                                                      CachedProxy& proxy) {
+    if (auto proxyIt = mProxies.find(audioPort.id); proxyIt != mProxies.end()) {
+        proxy = proxyIt->second;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+    return createProxy(audioPort, audioPort.id, proxy);
+}
+
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/StreamBluetooth.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/StreamBluetooth.cpp
index 0cee7f4..a73af1b 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/StreamBluetooth.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/bluetooth/StreamBluetooth.cpp
@@ -14,8 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_StreamBluetooth"
+#include <algorithm>
 
+#define LOG_TAG "AHAL_StreamBluetooth"
 #include <Utils.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <audio_utils/clock.h>
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration;
 using aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PresentationPosition;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioChannelLayout;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioConfigBase;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDevice;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatDescription;
@@ -48,51 +50,33 @@
 constexpr int kBluetoothDefaultInputBufferMs = 20;
 constexpr int kBluetoothDefaultOutputBufferMs = 10;
 // constexpr int kBluetoothSpatializerOutputBufferMs = 10;
+constexpr int kBluetoothDefaultRemoteDelayMs = 200;
 
-// pcm configuration params are not really used by the module
 StreamBluetooth::StreamBluetooth(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata,
-                                 ModuleBluetooth::BtProfileHandles&& btHandles)
+                                 ModuleBluetooth::BtProfileHandles&& btHandles,
+                                 const std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl>& btDeviceProxy,
+                                 const PcmConfiguration& pcmConfig)
     : StreamCommonImpl(context, metadata),
-      mSampleRate(getContext().getSampleRate()),
-      mChannelLayout(getContext().getChannelLayout()),
-      mFormat(getContext().getFormat()),
       mFrameSizeBytes(getContext().getFrameSize()),
       mIsInput(isInput(metadata)),
       mBluetoothA2dp(std::move(std::get<ModuleBluetooth::BtInterface::BTA2DP>(btHandles))),
-      mBluetoothLe(std::move(std::get<ModuleBluetooth::BtInterface::BTLE>(btHandles))) {
-    mPreferredDataIntervalUs =
-            (mIsInput ? kBluetoothDefaultInputBufferMs : kBluetoothDefaultOutputBufferMs) * 1000;
-    mPreferredFrameCount = frameCountFromDurationUs(mPreferredDataIntervalUs, mSampleRate);
-    mIsInitialized = false;
-    mIsReadyToClose = false;
-}
+      mBluetoothLe(std::move(std::get<ModuleBluetooth::BtInterface::BTLE>(btHandles))),
+      mPreferredDataIntervalUs(pcmConfig.dataIntervalUs != 0
+                                       ? pcmConfig.dataIntervalUs
+                                       : (mIsInput ? kBluetoothDefaultInputBufferMs
+                                                   : kBluetoothDefaultOutputBufferMs) *
+                                                 1000),
+      mPreferredFrameCount(
+              frameCountFromDurationUs(mPreferredDataIntervalUs, pcmConfig.sampleRateHz)),
+      mBtDeviceProxy(btDeviceProxy) {}
 
 ::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::init() {
-    return ::android::OK;  // defering this till we get AudioDeviceDescription
-}
-
-const StreamCommonInterface::ConnectedDevices& StreamBluetooth::getConnectedDevices() const {
     std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
-    return StreamCommonImpl::getConnectedDevices();
-}
-
-ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamBluetooth::setConnectedDevices(
-        const std::vector<AudioDevice>& connectedDevices) {
-    if (mIsInput && connectedDevices.size() > 1) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": wrong device size(" << connectedDevices.size()
-                   << ") for input stream";
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    if (mBtDeviceProxy == nullptr) {
+        // This is a normal situation in VTS tests.
+        LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": no BT HAL proxy, stream is non-functional";
     }
-    for (const auto& connectedDevice : connectedDevices) {
-        if (connectedDevice.address.getTag() != AudioDeviceAddress::mac) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": bad device address" << connectedDevice.address.toString();
-            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
-        }
-    }
-    std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
-    RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(StreamCommonImpl::setConnectedDevices(connectedDevices));
-    mIsInitialized = false;  // updated connected device list, need initialization
-    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    return ::android::OK;
 }
 
 ::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::drain(StreamDescriptor::DrainMode) {
@@ -112,167 +96,111 @@
 ::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::transfer(void* buffer, size_t frameCount,
                                               size_t* actualFrameCount, int32_t* latencyMs) {
     std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
-    if (!mIsInitialized || mIsReadyToClose) {
-        // 'setConnectedDevices' has been called or stream is ready to close, so no transfers
+    if (mBtDeviceProxy == nullptr || mBtDeviceProxy->getState() == BluetoothStreamState::DISABLED) {
         *actualFrameCount = 0;
         *latencyMs = StreamDescriptor::LATENCY_UNKNOWN;
         return ::android::OK;
     }
     *actualFrameCount = 0;
     *latencyMs = 0;
-    for (auto proxy : mBtDeviceProxies) {
-        if (!proxy->start()) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": state = " << proxy->getState() << " failed to start ";
-            return -EIO;
-        }
-        const size_t fc = std::min(frameCount, mPreferredFrameCount);
-        const size_t bytesToTransfer = fc * mFrameSizeBytes;
-        if (mIsInput) {
-            const size_t totalRead = proxy->readData(buffer, bytesToTransfer);
-            *actualFrameCount = std::max(*actualFrameCount, totalRead / mFrameSizeBytes);
-        } else {
-            const size_t totalWrite = proxy->writeData(buffer, bytesToTransfer);
-            *actualFrameCount = std::max(*actualFrameCount, totalWrite / mFrameSizeBytes);
-        }
-        PresentationPosition presentation_position;
-        if (!proxy->getPresentationPosition(presentation_position)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": getPresentationPosition returned error ";
-            return ::android::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
-        }
-        *latencyMs =
-                std::max(*latencyMs, (int32_t)(presentation_position.remoteDeviceAudioDelayNanos /
-                                               NANOS_PER_MILLISECOND));
+    if (!mBtDeviceProxy->start()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": state= " << mBtDeviceProxy->getState() << " failed to start";
+        return -EIO;
     }
+    const size_t fc = std::min(frameCount, mPreferredFrameCount);
+    const size_t bytesToTransfer = fc * mFrameSizeBytes;
+    if (mIsInput) {
+        const size_t totalRead = mBtDeviceProxy->readData(buffer, bytesToTransfer);
+        *actualFrameCount = std::max(*actualFrameCount, totalRead / mFrameSizeBytes);
+    } else {
+        const size_t totalWrite = mBtDeviceProxy->writeData(buffer, bytesToTransfer);
+        *actualFrameCount = std::max(*actualFrameCount, totalWrite / mFrameSizeBytes);
+    }
+    PresentationPosition presentation_position;
+    if (!mBtDeviceProxy->getPresentationPosition(presentation_position)) {
+        presentation_position.remoteDeviceAudioDelayNanos =
+                kBluetoothDefaultRemoteDelayMs * NANOS_PER_MILLISECOND;
+        LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": getPresentationPosition failed, latency info is unavailable";
+    }
+    // TODO(b/317117580): incorporate logic from
+    //                    packages/modules/Bluetooth/system/audio_bluetooth_hw/stream_apis.cc
+    //                    out_calculate_feeding_delay_ms / in_calculate_starving_delay_ms
+    *latencyMs = std::max(*latencyMs, (int32_t)(presentation_position.remoteDeviceAudioDelayNanos /
+                                                NANOS_PER_MILLISECOND));
     return ::android::OK;
 }
 
-::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::initialize() {
-    if (!::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::BluetoothAudioSession::IsAidlAvailable()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": IBluetoothAudioProviderFactory service not available";
-        return ::android::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
-    }
-    if (StreamCommonImpl::getConnectedDevices().empty()) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ", has no connected devices";
-        return ::android::NO_INIT;
-    }
-    // unregister older proxies (if any)
-    for (auto proxy : mBtDeviceProxies) {
-        proxy->stop();
-        proxy->unregisterPort();
-    }
-    mBtDeviceProxies.clear();
-    for (auto it = StreamCommonImpl::getConnectedDevices().begin();
-         it != StreamCommonImpl::getConnectedDevices().end(); ++it) {
-        std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl> proxy =
-                mIsInput ? std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl>(
-                                   std::make_shared<BluetoothAudioPortAidlIn>())
-                         : std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl>(
-                                   std::make_shared<BluetoothAudioPortAidlOut>());
-        if (proxy->registerPort(it->type)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": cannot init HAL";
-            return ::android::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
-        }
-        PcmConfiguration config;
-        if (!proxy->loadAudioConfig(&config)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": state=" << proxy->getState()
-                       << " failed to get audio config";
-            return ::android::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
-        }
-        // TODO: Ensure minimum duration for spatialized output?
-        // WAR to support Mono / 16 bits per sample as the Bluetooth stack required
-        if (!mIsInput && config.channelMode == ChannelMode::MONO && config.bitsPerSample == 16) {
-            proxy->forcePcmStereoToMono(true);
-            config.channelMode = ChannelMode::STEREO;
-            LOG(INFO) << __func__ << ": force channels = to be AUDIO_CHANNEL_OUT_STEREO";
-        }
-        if (!checkConfigParams(config)) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << " checkConfigParams failed";
-            return ::android::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
-        }
-        mBtDeviceProxies.push_back(std::move(proxy));
-    }
-    mIsInitialized = true;
-    return ::android::OK;
-}
-
-bool StreamBluetooth::checkConfigParams(
-        ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration& config) {
-    if ((int)mSampleRate != config.sampleRateHz) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Sample Rate mismatch, stream val = " << mSampleRate
-                   << " hal val = " << config.sampleRateHz;
+// static
+bool StreamBluetooth::checkConfigParams(const PcmConfiguration& pcmConfig,
+                                        const AudioConfigBase& config) {
+    if ((int)config.sampleRate != pcmConfig.sampleRateHz) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": sample rate mismatch, stream value=" << config.sampleRate
+                   << ", BT HAL value=" << pcmConfig.sampleRateHz;
         return false;
     }
-    auto channelCount = aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::getChannelCount(mChannelLayout);
-    if ((config.channelMode == ChannelMode::MONO && channelCount != 1) ||
-        (config.channelMode == ChannelMode::STEREO && channelCount != 2)) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Channel count mismatch, stream val = " << channelCount
-                   << " hal val = " << toString(config.channelMode);
+    const auto channelCount =
+            aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::getChannelCount(config.channelMask);
+    if ((pcmConfig.channelMode == ChannelMode::MONO && channelCount != 1) ||
+        (pcmConfig.channelMode == ChannelMode::STEREO && channelCount != 2)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": Channel count mismatch, stream value=" << channelCount
+                   << ", BT HAL value=" << toString(pcmConfig.channelMode);
         return false;
     }
-    if (mFormat.type != AudioFormatType::PCM) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": unexpected format type "
-                   << aidl::android::media::audio::common::toString(mFormat.type);
+    if (config.format.type != AudioFormatType::PCM) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__
+                   << ": unexpected stream format type: " << toString(config.format.type);
         return false;
     }
-    int8_t bps = aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::getPcmSampleSizeInBytes(mFormat.pcm) * 8;
-    if (bps != config.bitsPerSample) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": bits per sample mismatch, stream val = " << bps
-                   << " hal val = " << config.bitsPerSample;
+    const int8_t bitsPerSample =
+            aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::getPcmSampleSizeInBytes(config.format.pcm) * 8;
+    if (bitsPerSample != pcmConfig.bitsPerSample) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": bits per sample mismatch, stream value=" << bitsPerSample
+                   << ", BT HAL value=" << pcmConfig.bitsPerSample;
         return false;
     }
-    if (config.dataIntervalUs > 0) {
-        mPreferredDataIntervalUs =
-                std::min((int32_t)mPreferredDataIntervalUs, config.dataIntervalUs);
-        mPreferredFrameCount = frameCountFromDurationUs(mPreferredDataIntervalUs, mSampleRate);
-    }
     return true;
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamBluetooth::prepareToClose() {
     std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
-    mIsReadyToClose = true;
+    if (mBtDeviceProxy != nullptr) {
+        if (mBtDeviceProxy->getState() != BluetoothStreamState::DISABLED) {
+            mBtDeviceProxy->stop();
+        }
+    }
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
 ::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::standby() {
     std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
-    if (!mIsInitialized) {
-        if (auto status = initialize(); status != ::android::OK) return status;
-    }
-    for (auto proxy : mBtDeviceProxies) {
-        if (!proxy->suspend()) {
-            LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": state = " << proxy->getState() << " failed to stand by ";
-            return -EIO;
-        }
-    }
+    if (mBtDeviceProxy != nullptr) mBtDeviceProxy->suspend();
     return ::android::OK;
 }
 
 ::android::status_t StreamBluetooth::start() {
     std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
-    if (!mIsInitialized) return initialize();
+    if (mBtDeviceProxy != nullptr) mBtDeviceProxy->start();
     return ::android::OK;
 }
 
 void StreamBluetooth::shutdown() {
     std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
-    for (auto proxy : mBtDeviceProxies) {
-        proxy->stop();
-        proxy->unregisterPort();
+    if (mBtDeviceProxy != nullptr) {
+        mBtDeviceProxy->stop();
+        mBtDeviceProxy = nullptr;
     }
-    mBtDeviceProxies.clear();
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamBluetooth::updateMetadataCommon(const Metadata& metadata) {
     std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
-    if (!mIsInitialized) return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    if (mBtDeviceProxy == nullptr) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
     bool isOk = true;
     if (isInput(metadata)) {
-        isOk = mBtDeviceProxies[0]->updateSinkMetadata(std::get<SinkMetadata>(metadata));
+        isOk = mBtDeviceProxy->updateSinkMetadata(std::get<SinkMetadata>(metadata));
     } else {
-        for (auto proxy : mBtDeviceProxies) {
-            if (!proxy->updateSourceMetadata(std::get<SourceMetadata>(metadata))) isOk = false;
-        }
+        isOk = mBtDeviceProxy->updateSourceMetadata(std::get<SourceMetadata>(metadata));
     }
     return isOk ? ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok()
                 : ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
@@ -280,7 +208,6 @@
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamBluetooth::bluetoothParametersUpdated() {
     if (mIsInput) {
-        LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": not handled";
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
     }
     auto applyParam = [](const std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl>& proxy,
@@ -297,15 +224,10 @@
     bool hasLeParam, enableLe;
     auto btLe = mBluetoothLe.lock();
     hasLeParam = btLe != nullptr && btLe->isEnabled(&enableLe).isOk();
-    std::unique_lock lock(mLock);
-    ::android::base::ScopedLockAssertion lock_assertion(mLock);
-    if (!mIsInitialized) {
-        LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << ": init not done";
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
-    }
-    for (auto proxy : mBtDeviceProxies) {
-        if ((hasA2dpParam && proxy->isA2dp() && !applyParam(proxy, enableA2dp)) ||
-            (hasLeParam && proxy->isLeAudio() && !applyParam(proxy, enableLe))) {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
+    if (mBtDeviceProxy != nullptr) {
+        if ((hasA2dpParam && mBtDeviceProxy->isA2dp() && !applyParam(mBtDeviceProxy, enableA2dp)) ||
+            (hasLeParam && mBtDeviceProxy->isLeAudio() && !applyParam(mBtDeviceProxy, enableLe))) {
             LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": applyParam failed";
             return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
         }
@@ -313,11 +235,20 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
+// static
+int32_t StreamInBluetooth::getNominalLatencyMs(size_t dataIntervalUs) {
+    if (dataIntervalUs == 0) dataIntervalUs = kBluetoothDefaultInputBufferMs * 1000LL;
+    return dataIntervalUs / 1000LL;
+}
+
 StreamInBluetooth::StreamInBluetooth(StreamContext&& context, const SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
                                      const std::vector<MicrophoneInfo>& microphones,
-                                     ModuleBluetooth::BtProfileHandles&& btProfileHandles)
+                                     ModuleBluetooth::BtProfileHandles&& btProfileHandles,
+                                     const std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl>& btDeviceProxy,
+                                     const PcmConfiguration& pcmConfig)
     : StreamIn(std::move(context), microphones),
-      StreamBluetooth(&mContextInstance, sinkMetadata, std::move(btProfileHandles)) {}
+      StreamBluetooth(&mContextInstance, sinkMetadata, std::move(btProfileHandles), btDeviceProxy,
+                      pcmConfig) {}
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamInBluetooth::getActiveMicrophones(
         std::vector<MicrophoneDynamicInfo>* _aidl_return __unused) {
@@ -325,11 +256,20 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
 }
 
+// static
+int32_t StreamOutBluetooth::getNominalLatencyMs(size_t dataIntervalUs) {
+    if (dataIntervalUs == 0) dataIntervalUs = kBluetoothDefaultOutputBufferMs * 1000LL;
+    return dataIntervalUs / 1000LL;
+}
+
 StreamOutBluetooth::StreamOutBluetooth(StreamContext&& context,
                                        const SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
                                        const std::optional<AudioOffloadInfo>& offloadInfo,
-                                       ModuleBluetooth::BtProfileHandles&& btProfileHandles)
+                                       ModuleBluetooth::BtProfileHandles&& btProfileHandles,
+                                       const std::shared_ptr<BluetoothAudioPortAidl>& btDeviceProxy,
+                                       const PcmConfiguration& pcmConfig)
     : StreamOut(std::move(context), offloadInfo),
-      StreamBluetooth(&mContextInstance, sourceMetadata, std::move(btProfileHandles)) {}
+      StreamBluetooth(&mContextInstance, sourceMetadata, std::move(btProfileHandles), btDeviceProxy,
+                      pcmConfig) {}
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/DevicePortProxy.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/DevicePortProxy.h
index 17a8cf3..ccb23bb 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/DevicePortProxy.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/DevicePortProxy.h
@@ -73,12 +73,7 @@
      * Bluetooth stack
      */
     virtual bool loadAudioConfig(
-            ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration*) const = 0;
-
-    /**
-     * WAR to support Mono mode / 16 bits per sample
-     */
-    virtual void forcePcmStereoToMono(bool) = 0;
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration&) = 0;
 
     /**
      * When the Audio framework / HAL wants to change the stream state, it invokes
@@ -145,7 +140,7 @@
 
     virtual bool isLeAudio() const = 0;
 
-    virtual bool getPreferredDataIntervalUs(size_t*) const = 0;
+    virtual bool getPreferredDataIntervalUs(size_t&) const = 0;
 
     virtual size_t writeData(const void*, size_t) const { return 0; }
 
@@ -162,10 +157,8 @@
 
     void unregisterPort() override;
 
-    bool loadAudioConfig(::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration* audio_cfg)
-            const override;
-
-    void forcePcmStereoToMono(bool force) override { mIsStereoToMono = force; }
+    bool loadAudioConfig(
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration& audio_cfg) override;
 
     bool standby() override;
     bool start() override;
@@ -193,7 +186,7 @@
 
     bool isLeAudio() const override;
 
-    bool getPreferredDataIntervalUs(size_t* interval_us) const override;
+    bool getPreferredDataIntervalUs(size_t& interval_us) const override;
 
   protected:
     uint16_t mCookie;
@@ -228,6 +221,9 @@
 
 class BluetoothAudioPortAidlOut : public BluetoothAudioPortAidl {
   public:
+    bool loadAudioConfig(
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration& audio_cfg) override;
+
     // The audio data path to the Bluetooth stack (Software encoding)
     size_t writeData(const void* buffer, size_t bytes) const override;
 };
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Module.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Module.h
index 572b597..ce71d70 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Module.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/Module.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <functional>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
@@ -188,7 +189,7 @@
     // If the module is unable to populate the connected device port correctly, the returned error
     // code must correspond to the errors of `IModule.connectedExternalDevice` method.
     virtual ndk::ScopedAStatus populateConnectedDevicePort(
-            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort* audioPort);
+            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort* audioPort, int32_t nextPortId);
     // If the module finds that the patch endpoints configurations are not matched, the returned
     // error code must correspond to the errors of `IModule.setAudioPatch` method.
     virtual ndk::ScopedAStatus checkAudioPatchEndpointsMatch(
@@ -210,6 +211,7 @@
         const int32_t rawSizeFrames =
                 aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::frameCountFromDurationMs(latencyMs,
                                                                                  sampleRateHz);
+        if (latencyMs >= 5) return rawSizeFrames;
         int32_t powerOf2 = 1;
         while (powerOf2 < rawSizeFrames) powerOf2 <<= 1;
         return powerOf2;
@@ -227,12 +229,16 @@
     std::set<int32_t> findConnectedPortConfigIds(int32_t portConfigId);
     ndk::ScopedAStatus findPortIdForNewStream(
             int32_t in_portConfigId, ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort** port);
+    // Note: does not assign an ID to the config.
+    bool generateDefaultPortConfig(const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort& port,
+                                   ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig* config);
     std::vector<AudioRoute*> getAudioRoutesForAudioPortImpl(int32_t portId);
     Configuration& getConfig();
     const ConnectedDevicePorts& getConnectedDevicePorts() const { return mConnectedDevicePorts; }
     bool getMasterMute() const { return mMasterMute; }
     bool getMasterVolume() const { return mMasterVolume; }
     bool getMicMute() const { return mMicMute; }
+    const ModuleDebug& getModuleDebug() const { return mDebug; }
     const Patches& getPatches() const { return mPatches; }
     std::set<int32_t> getRoutableAudioPortIds(int32_t portId,
                                               std::vector<AudioRoute*>* routes = nullptr);
@@ -243,6 +249,12 @@
     template <typename C>
     std::set<int32_t> portIdsFromPortConfigIds(C portConfigIds);
     void registerPatch(const AudioPatch& patch);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setAudioPortConfigImpl(
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig& in_requested,
+            const std::function<bool(const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort& port,
+                                     ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig*
+                                             config)>& fillPortConfig,
+            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig* out_suggested, bool* applied);
     ndk::ScopedAStatus updateStreamsConnectedState(const AudioPatch& oldPatch,
                                                    const AudioPatch& newPatch);
 };
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleAlsa.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleAlsa.h
index 2774fe5..3392b41 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleAlsa.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleAlsa.h
@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@
   protected:
     // Extension methods of 'Module'.
     ndk::ScopedAStatus populateConnectedDevicePort(
-            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort* audioPort) override;
+            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort* audioPort,
+            int32_t nextPortId) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleBluetooth.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleBluetooth.h
index 631b088..9451411 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleBluetooth.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleBluetooth.h
@@ -16,7 +16,10 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
+#include <map>
+
 #include "core-impl/Bluetooth.h"
+#include "core-impl/DevicePortProxy.h"
 #include "core-impl/Module.h"
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
@@ -31,6 +34,11 @@
     ModuleBluetooth(std::unique_ptr<Configuration>&& config);
 
   private:
+    struct CachedProxy {
+        std::shared_ptr<::android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidl> ptr;
+        ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration pcmConfig;
+    };
+
     ChildInterface<BluetoothA2dp>& getBtA2dp();
     ChildInterface<BluetoothLe>& getBtLe();
     BtProfileHandles getBtProfileManagerHandles();
@@ -40,6 +48,17 @@
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getMicMute(bool* _aidl_return) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus setMicMute(bool in_mute) override;
 
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setAudioPortConfig(
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig& in_requested,
+            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig* out_suggested,
+            bool* _aidl_return) override;
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus checkAudioPatchEndpointsMatch(
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig*>& sources,
+            const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig*>& sinks)
+            override;
+    void onExternalDeviceConnectionChanged(
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort& audioPort, bool connected);
     ndk::ScopedAStatus createInputStream(
             StreamContext&& context,
             const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
@@ -52,12 +71,24 @@
                     offloadInfo,
             std::shared_ptr<StreamOut>* result) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus populateConnectedDevicePort(
-            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort* audioPort) override;
+            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort* audioPort,
+            int32_t nextPortId) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus onMasterMuteChanged(bool mute) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus onMasterVolumeChanged(float volume) override;
+    int32_t getNominalLatencyMs(
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig& portConfig) override;
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus createProxy(
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort& audioPort,
+            int32_t instancePortId, CachedProxy& proxy);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus fetchAndCheckProxy(const StreamContext& context, CachedProxy& proxy);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus findOrCreateProxy(
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort& audioPort, CachedProxy& proxy);
 
     ChildInterface<BluetoothA2dp> mBluetoothA2dp;
     ChildInterface<BluetoothLe> mBluetoothLe;
+    std::map<int32_t /*instantiated device port ID*/, CachedProxy> mProxies;
+    std::map<int32_t /*mix port handle*/, int32_t /*instantiated device port ID*/> mConnections;
 };
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleRemoteSubmix.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleRemoteSubmix.h
index 9f8acc9..613ac62 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleRemoteSubmix.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleRemoteSubmix.h
@@ -29,6 +29,10 @@
     // IModule interfaces
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getMicMute(bool* _aidl_return) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus setMicMute(bool in_mute) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setAudioPortConfig(
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig& in_requested,
+            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig* out_suggested,
+            bool* _aidl_return) override;
 
     // Module interfaces
     ndk::ScopedAStatus createInputStream(
@@ -43,7 +47,8 @@
                     offloadInfo,
             std::shared_ptr<StreamOut>* result) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus populateConnectedDevicePort(
-            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort* audioPort) override;
+            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort* audioPort,
+            int32_t nextPortId) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus checkAudioPatchEndpointsMatch(
             const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig*>& sources,
             const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig*>& sinks)
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleUsb.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleUsb.h
index 6ee8f8a..d9ac4f0 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleUsb.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/ModuleUsb.h
@@ -44,7 +44,8 @@
                     offloadInfo,
             std::shared_ptr<StreamOut>* result) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus populateConnectedDevicePort(
-            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort* audioPort) override;
+            ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort* audioPort,
+            int32_t nextPortId) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus checkAudioPatchEndpointsMatch(
             const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig*>& sources,
             const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig*>& sinks)
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamBluetooth.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamBluetooth.h
index 1258d38..35c3183 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamBluetooth.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamBluetooth.h
@@ -31,8 +31,16 @@
 
 class StreamBluetooth : public StreamCommonImpl {
   public:
-    StreamBluetooth(StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata,
-                    ModuleBluetooth::BtProfileHandles&& btHandles);
+    static bool checkConfigParams(
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration& pcmConfig,
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioConfigBase& config);
+
+    StreamBluetooth(
+            StreamContext* context, const Metadata& metadata,
+            ModuleBluetooth::BtProfileHandles&& btHandles,
+            const std::shared_ptr<::android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidl>&
+                    btDeviceProxy,
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration& pcmConfig);
     // Methods of 'DriverInterface'.
     ::android::status_t init() override;
     ::android::status_t drain(StreamDescriptor::DrainMode) override;
@@ -47,40 +55,35 @@
     // Overridden methods of 'StreamCommonImpl', called on a Binder thread.
     ndk::ScopedAStatus updateMetadataCommon(const Metadata& metadata) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus prepareToClose() override;
-    const ConnectedDevices& getConnectedDevices() const override;
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus setConnectedDevices(const ConnectedDevices& devices) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus bluetoothParametersUpdated() override;
 
   private:
-    // Audio Pcm Config
-    const uint32_t mSampleRate;
-    const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioChannelLayout mChannelLayout;
-    const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatDescription mFormat;
     const size_t mFrameSizeBytes;
     const bool mIsInput;
     const std::weak_ptr<IBluetoothA2dp> mBluetoothA2dp;
     const std::weak_ptr<IBluetoothLe> mBluetoothLe;
-    size_t mPreferredDataIntervalUs;
-    size_t mPreferredFrameCount;
-
+    const size_t mPreferredDataIntervalUs;
+    const size_t mPreferredFrameCount;
     mutable std::mutex mLock;
-    bool mIsInitialized GUARDED_BY(mLock);
-    bool mIsReadyToClose GUARDED_BY(mLock);
-    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<::android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidl>>
-            mBtDeviceProxies GUARDED_BY(mLock);
-
-    ::android::status_t initialize() REQUIRES(mLock);
-    bool checkConfigParams(::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration& config);
+    // The lock is also used to serialize calls to the proxy.
+    std::shared_ptr<::android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidl> mBtDeviceProxy
+            GUARDED_BY(mLock);  // proxy may be null if the stream is not connected to a device
 };
 
 class StreamInBluetooth final : public StreamIn, public StreamBluetooth {
   public:
     friend class ndk::SharedRefBase;
+
+    static int32_t getNominalLatencyMs(size_t dataIntervalUs);
+
     StreamInBluetooth(
             StreamContext&& context,
             const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
             const std::vector<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo>& microphones,
-            ModuleBluetooth::BtProfileHandles&& btHandles);
+            ModuleBluetooth::BtProfileHandles&& btHandles,
+            const std::shared_ptr<::android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidl>&
+                    btDeviceProxy,
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration& pcmConfig);
 
   private:
     void onClose(StreamDescriptor::State) override { defaultOnClose(); }
@@ -92,12 +95,18 @@
 class StreamOutBluetooth final : public StreamOut, public StreamBluetooth {
   public:
     friend class ndk::SharedRefBase;
+
+    static int32_t getNominalLatencyMs(size_t dataIntervalUs);
+
     StreamOutBluetooth(
             StreamContext&& context,
             const ::aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata& sourceMetadata,
             const std::optional<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo>&
                     offloadInfo,
-            ModuleBluetooth::BtProfileHandles&& btHandles);
+            ModuleBluetooth::BtProfileHandles&& btHandles,
+            const std::shared_ptr<::android::bluetooth::audio::aidl::BluetoothAudioPortAidl>&
+                    btDeviceProxy,
+            const ::aidl::android::hardware::bluetooth::audio::PcmConfiguration& pcmConfig);
 
   private:
     void onClose(StreamDescriptor::State) override { defaultOnClose(); }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamRemoteSubmix.h b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamRemoteSubmix.h
index ee10abf..cc06881 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamRemoteSubmix.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/include/core-impl/StreamRemoteSubmix.h
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 #pragma once
 
-#include <mutex>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "core-impl/Stream.h"
@@ -56,13 +55,6 @@
     r_submix::AudioConfig mStreamConfig;
     std::shared_ptr<r_submix::SubmixRoute> mCurrentRoute = nullptr;
 
-    // Mutex lock to protect vector of submix routes, each of these submix routes have their mutex
-    // locks and none of the mutex locks should be taken together.
-    static std::mutex sSubmixRoutesLock;
-    static std::map<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress,
-                    std::shared_ptr<r_submix::SubmixRoute>>
-            sSubmixRoutes GUARDED_BY(sSubmixRoutesLock);
-
     // limit for number of read error log entries to avoid spamming the logs
     static constexpr int kMaxReadErrorLogs = 5;
     // The duration of kMaxReadFailureAttempts * READ_ATTEMPT_SLEEP_MS must be strictly inferior
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/ModuleRemoteSubmix.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/ModuleRemoteSubmix.cpp
index f3965ba..47ade49 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/ModuleRemoteSubmix.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/ModuleRemoteSubmix.cpp
@@ -27,14 +27,36 @@
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SinkMetadata;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::SourceMetadata;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioFormatType;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioIoFlags;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioOffloadInfo;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPort;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortConfig;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioPortExt;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioProfile;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::Int;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::MicrophoneInfo;
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core {
 
+namespace {
+
+std::optional<r_submix::AudioConfig> getRemoteEndConfig(const AudioPort& audioPort) {
+    const auto& deviceAddress = audioPort.ext.get<AudioPortExt::device>().device.address;
+    const bool isInput = audioPort.flags.getTag() == AudioIoFlags::input;
+    if (auto submixRoute = r_submix::SubmixRoute::findRoute(deviceAddress);
+        submixRoute != nullptr) {
+        if ((isInput && submixRoute->isStreamOutOpen()) ||
+            (!isInput && submixRoute->isStreamInOpen())) {
+            return submixRoute->getPipeConfig();
+        }
+    }
+    return {};
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
 ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleRemoteSubmix::getMicMute(bool* _aidl_return __unused) {
     LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": is not supported";
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
@@ -45,6 +67,26 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
 }
 
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleRemoteSubmix::setAudioPortConfig(const AudioPortConfig& in_requested,
+                                                          AudioPortConfig* out_suggested,
+                                                          bool* _aidl_return) {
+    auto fillConfig = [this](const AudioPort& port, AudioPortConfig* config) {
+        if (port.ext.getTag() == AudioPortExt::device) {
+            if (auto pipeConfig = getRemoteEndConfig(port); pipeConfig.has_value()) {
+                LOG(DEBUG) << "setAudioPortConfig: suggesting port config from the remote end.";
+                config->format = pipeConfig->format;
+                config->channelMask = pipeConfig->channelLayout;
+                config->sampleRate = Int{.value = pipeConfig->sampleRate};
+                config->flags = port.flags;
+                config->ext = port.ext;
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+        return generateDefaultPortConfig(port, config);
+    };
+    return Module::setAudioPortConfigImpl(in_requested, fillConfig, out_suggested, _aidl_return);
+}
+
 ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleRemoteSubmix::createInputStream(
         StreamContext&& context, const SinkMetadata& sinkMetadata,
         const std::vector<MicrophoneInfo>& microphones, std::shared_ptr<StreamIn>* result) {
@@ -67,8 +109,23 @@
                                                        offloadInfo);
 }
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleRemoteSubmix::populateConnectedDevicePort(AudioPort* audioPort) {
-    // Find the corresponding mix port and copy its profiles.
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleRemoteSubmix::populateConnectedDevicePort(AudioPort* audioPort, int32_t) {
+    if (audioPort->ext.getTag() != AudioPortExt::device) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": not a device port: " << audioPort->toString();
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+    // If there is already a pipe with a stream for the port address, provide its configuration as
+    // the only option. Otherwise, find the corresponding mix port and copy its profiles.
+    if (auto pipeConfig = getRemoteEndConfig(*audioPort); pipeConfig.has_value()) {
+        audioPort->profiles.clear();
+        audioPort->profiles.push_back(AudioProfile{
+                .format = pipeConfig->format,
+                .channelMasks = std::vector<AudioChannelLayout>({pipeConfig->channelLayout}),
+                .sampleRates = std::vector<int>({pipeConfig->sampleRate})});
+        LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": populated from remote end as: " << audioPort->toString();
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+
     // At this moment, the port has the same ID as the template port, see connectExternalDevice.
     std::vector<AudioRoute*> routes = getAudioRoutesForAudioPortImpl(audioPort->id);
     if (routes.empty()) {
@@ -87,6 +144,7 @@
         RETURN_STATUS_IF_ERROR(getAudioPort(route->sinkPortId, &mixPort));
     }
     audioPort->profiles = mixPort.profiles;
+    LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": populated from the mix port as: " << audioPort->toString();
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/StreamRemoteSubmix.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/StreamRemoteSubmix.cpp
index d238aa4..df706ac 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/StreamRemoteSubmix.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/StreamRemoteSubmix.cpp
@@ -43,26 +43,10 @@
     mStreamConfig.sampleRate = context->getSampleRate();
 }
 
-std::mutex StreamRemoteSubmix::sSubmixRoutesLock;
-std::map<AudioDeviceAddress, std::shared_ptr<SubmixRoute>> StreamRemoteSubmix::sSubmixRoutes;
-
 ::android::status_t StreamRemoteSubmix::init() {
-    {
-        std::lock_guard guard(sSubmixRoutesLock);
-        auto routeItr = sSubmixRoutes.find(mDeviceAddress);
-        if (routeItr != sSubmixRoutes.end()) {
-            mCurrentRoute = routeItr->second;
-        }
-        // If route is not available for this port, add it.
-        if (mCurrentRoute == nullptr) {
-            // Initialize the pipe.
-            mCurrentRoute = std::make_shared<SubmixRoute>();
-            if (::android::OK != mCurrentRoute->createPipe(mStreamConfig)) {
-                LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": create pipe failed";
-                return ::android::NO_INIT;
-            }
-            sSubmixRoutes.emplace(mDeviceAddress, mCurrentRoute);
-        }
+    mCurrentRoute = SubmixRoute::findOrCreateRoute(mDeviceAddress, mStreamConfig);
+    if (mCurrentRoute == nullptr) {
+        return ::android::NO_INIT;
     }
     if (!mCurrentRoute->isStreamConfigValid(mIsInput, mStreamConfig)) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": invalid stream config";
@@ -80,7 +64,6 @@
             return ::android::NO_INIT;
         }
     }
-
     mCurrentRoute->openStream(mIsInput);
     return ::android::OK;
 }
@@ -114,14 +97,7 @@
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus StreamRemoteSubmix::prepareToClose() {
     if (!mIsInput) {
-        std::shared_ptr<SubmixRoute> route = nullptr;
-        {
-            std::lock_guard guard(sSubmixRoutesLock);
-            auto routeItr = sSubmixRoutes.find(mDeviceAddress);
-            if (routeItr != sSubmixRoutes.end()) {
-                route = routeItr->second;
-            }
-        }
+        std::shared_ptr<SubmixRoute> route = SubmixRoute::findRoute(mDeviceAddress);
         if (route != nullptr) {
             sp<MonoPipe> sink = route->getSink();
             if (sink == nullptr) {
@@ -148,9 +124,7 @@
     if (!mCurrentRoute->hasAtleastOneStreamOpen()) {
         mCurrentRoute->releasePipe();
         LOG(DEBUG) << __func__ << ": pipe destroyed";
-
-        std::lock_guard guard(sSubmixRoutesLock);
-        sSubmixRoutes.erase(mDeviceAddress);
+        SubmixRoute::removeRoute(mDeviceAddress);
     }
     mCurrentRoute.reset();
 }
@@ -201,7 +175,7 @@
 
 // Calculate the maximum size of the pipe buffer in frames for the specified stream.
 size_t StreamRemoteSubmix::getStreamPipeSizeInFrames() {
-    auto pipeConfig = mCurrentRoute->mPipeConfig;
+    auto pipeConfig = mCurrentRoute->getPipeConfig();
     const size_t maxFrameSize = std::max(mStreamConfig.frameSize, pipeConfig.frameSize);
     return (pipeConfig.frameCount * pipeConfig.frameSize) / maxFrameSize;
 }
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/SubmixRoute.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/SubmixRoute.cpp
index 235c9a3..7d706c2 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/SubmixRoute.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/SubmixRoute.cpp
@@ -23,9 +23,49 @@
 #include "SubmixRoute.h"
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::common::getChannelCount;
+using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress;
 
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::audio::core::r_submix {
 
+// static
+SubmixRoute::RoutesMonitor SubmixRoute::getRoutes() {
+    static std::mutex submixRoutesLock;
+    static RoutesMap submixRoutes;
+    return RoutesMonitor(submixRoutesLock, submixRoutes);
+}
+
+// static
+std::shared_ptr<SubmixRoute> SubmixRoute::findOrCreateRoute(const AudioDeviceAddress& deviceAddress,
+                                                            const AudioConfig& pipeConfig) {
+    auto routes = getRoutes();
+    auto routeItr = routes->find(deviceAddress);
+    if (routeItr != routes->end()) {
+        return routeItr->second;
+    }
+    auto route = std::make_shared<SubmixRoute>();
+    if (::android::OK != route->createPipe(pipeConfig)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": create pipe failed";
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    routes->emplace(deviceAddress, route);
+    return route;
+}
+
+// static
+std::shared_ptr<SubmixRoute> SubmixRoute::findRoute(const AudioDeviceAddress& deviceAddress) {
+    auto routes = getRoutes();
+    auto routeItr = routes->find(deviceAddress);
+    if (routeItr != routes->end()) {
+        return routeItr->second;
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+// static
+void SubmixRoute::removeRoute(const AudioDeviceAddress& deviceAddress) {
+    getRoutes()->erase(deviceAddress);
+}
+
 // Verify a submix input or output stream can be opened.
 bool SubmixRoute::isStreamConfigValid(bool isInput, const AudioConfig& streamConfig) {
     // If the stream is already open, don't open it again.
@@ -44,6 +84,7 @@
 // Compare this stream config with existing pipe config, returning false if they do *not*
 // match, true otherwise.
 bool SubmixRoute::isStreamConfigCompatible(const AudioConfig& streamConfig) {
+    std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
     if (streamConfig.channelLayout != mPipeConfig.channelLayout) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": channel count mismatch, stream channels = "
                    << streamConfig.channelLayout.toString()
@@ -162,17 +203,14 @@
         LOG(FATAL) << __func__ << ": Negotiation for the source failed, index = " << index;
         return ::android::BAD_INDEX;
     }
-    LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << ": created pipe";
-
-    mPipeConfig = streamConfig;
-    mPipeConfig.frameCount = sink->maxFrames();
-
-    LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << ": Pipe frame size : " << mPipeConfig.frameSize
-                 << ", pipe frames : " << mPipeConfig.frameCount;
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << __func__ << ": Pipe frame size : " << streamConfig.frameSize
+                 << ", pipe frames : " << sink->maxFrames();
 
     // Save references to the source and sink.
     {
         std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
+        mPipeConfig = streamConfig;
+        mPipeConfig.frameCount = sink->maxFrames();
         mSink = std::move(sink);
         mSource = std::move(source);
     }
@@ -181,15 +219,15 @@
 }
 
 // Release references to the sink and source.
-void SubmixRoute::releasePipe() {
+AudioConfig SubmixRoute::releasePipe() {
     std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
     mSink.clear();
     mSource.clear();
+    return mPipeConfig;
 }
 
 ::android::status_t SubmixRoute::resetPipe() {
-    releasePipe();
-    return createPipe(mPipeConfig);
+    return createPipe(releasePipe());
 }
 
 void SubmixRoute::standby(bool isInput) {
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/SubmixRoute.h b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/SubmixRoute.h
index 252b1c9..160df41 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/SubmixRoute.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/r_submix/SubmixRoute.h
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <media/nbaio/MonoPipeReader.h>
 
 #include <aidl/android/media/audio/common/AudioChannelLayout.h>
+#include <aidl/android/media/audio/common/AudioDeviceAddress.h>
 #include <aidl/android/media/audio/common/AudioFormatDescription.h>
 
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioChannelLayout;
@@ -60,7 +61,13 @@
 
 class SubmixRoute {
   public:
-    AudioConfig mPipeConfig;
+    static std::shared_ptr<SubmixRoute> findOrCreateRoute(
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress& deviceAddress,
+            const AudioConfig& pipeConfig);
+    static std::shared_ptr<SubmixRoute> findRoute(
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress& deviceAddress);
+    static void removeRoute(
+            const ::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress& deviceAddress);
 
     bool isStreamInOpen() {
         std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
@@ -90,6 +97,10 @@
         std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
         return mSource;
     }
+    AudioConfig getPipeConfig() {
+        std::lock_guard guard(mLock);
+        return mPipeConfig;
+    }
 
     bool isStreamConfigValid(bool isInput, const AudioConfig& streamConfig);
     void closeStream(bool isInput);
@@ -98,17 +109,31 @@
     bool hasAtleastOneStreamOpen();
     int notifyReadError();
     void openStream(bool isInput);
-    void releasePipe();
+    AudioConfig releasePipe();
     ::android::status_t resetPipe();
     bool shouldBlockWrite();
     void standby(bool isInput);
     long updateReadCounterFrames(size_t frameCount);
 
   private:
+    using RoutesMap = std::map<::aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioDeviceAddress,
+                               std::shared_ptr<r_submix::SubmixRoute>>;
+    class RoutesMonitor {
+      public:
+        RoutesMonitor(std::mutex& mutex, RoutesMap& routes) : mLock(mutex), mRoutes(routes) {}
+        RoutesMap* operator->() { return &mRoutes; }
+
+      private:
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> mLock;
+        RoutesMap& mRoutes;
+    };
+
+    static RoutesMonitor getRoutes();
+
     bool isStreamConfigCompatible(const AudioConfig& streamConfig);
 
     std::mutex mLock;
-
+    AudioConfig mPipeConfig GUARDED_BY(mLock);
     bool mStreamInOpen GUARDED_BY(mLock) = false;
     int mInputRefCount GUARDED_BY(mLock) = 0;
     bool mStreamInStandby GUARDED_BY(mLock) = true;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/default/usb/ModuleUsb.cpp b/audio/aidl/default/usb/ModuleUsb.cpp
index f926e09..1d97bc4 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/default/usb/ModuleUsb.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/default/usb/ModuleUsb.cpp
@@ -87,12 +87,13 @@
                                               offloadInfo);
 }
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleUsb::populateConnectedDevicePort(AudioPort* audioPort) {
+ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleUsb::populateConnectedDevicePort(AudioPort* audioPort,
+                                                          int32_t nextPortId) {
     if (!isUsbDevicePort(*audioPort)) {
         LOG(ERROR) << __func__ << ": port id " << audioPort->id << " is not a usb device port";
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
     }
-    return ModuleAlsa::populateConnectedDevicePort(audioPort);
+    return ModuleAlsa::populateConnectedDevicePort(audioPort, nextPortId);
 }
 
 ndk::ScopedAStatus ModuleUsb::checkAudioPatchEndpointsMatch(
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp
index c057505..67ba93c 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/utils/aidl_session/BluetoothAudioSession.cpp
@@ -500,14 +500,12 @@
                << " has NO session";
     return false;
   }
-  bool retval = false;
-
   if (!stack_iface_->getPresentationPosition(&presentation_position).isOk()) {
     LOG(WARNING) << __func__ << " - IBluetoothAudioPort SessionType="
                  << toString(session_type_) << " failed";
     return false;
   }
-  return retval;
+  return true;
 }
 
 void BluetoothAudioSession::UpdateSourceMetadata(
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp
index 18d36e4..323e358 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp
@@ -1554,6 +1554,7 @@
 }
 
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlCommandTest, SetDisplayBrightness) {
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient->setPowerMode(getPrimaryDisplayId(), PowerMode::ON).isOk());
     const auto& [status, capabilities] =
             mComposerClient->getDisplayCapabilities(getPrimaryDisplayId());
     ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
diff --git a/security/rkp/README.md b/security/rkp/README.md
index 2180d0f..2d00b83 100644
--- a/security/rkp/README.md
+++ b/security/rkp/README.md
@@ -210,10 +210,10 @@
    describes an RKP VM. If there are further certificates without the RKP VM
    marker, then the chain does not describe an RKP VM.
 
-   Implementations must include the first RPK VM marker as early as possible
+   Implementations must include the first RKP VM marker as early as possible
    after the point of divergence between TEE and non-TEE components in the DICE
    chain, prior to loading the Android Bootloader (ABL).
 2. "widevine" or "keymint": If there are no certificates with the RKP VM
    marker then it describes a TEE component.
 3. None: Any component described by a DICE chain that does not match the above
-   two categories.
\ No newline at end of file
+   two categories.
diff --git a/security/rkp/aidl/vts/functional/VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests.cpp b/security/rkp/aidl/vts/functional/VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests.cpp
index a1de93e..68b966c 100644
--- a/security/rkp/aidl/vts/functional/VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests.cpp
+++ b/security/rkp/aidl/vts/functional/VtsRemotelyProvisionedComponentTests.cpp
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@
         for (auto& key : keysToSign_) {
             bytevec privateKeyBlob;
             auto status = provisionable_->generateEcdsaP256KeyPair(testMode, &key, &privateKeyBlob);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+            ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
 
             vector<uint8_t> payload_value;
             check_maced_pubkey(key, testMode, &payload_value);
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@
         auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
                 testMode, {} /* keysToSign */, testEekChain_.chain, challenge_, &deviceInfo,
                 &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
 
         auto result = verifyProductionProtectedData(
                 deviceInfo, cppbor::Array(), keysToSignMac, protectedData, testEekChain_, eekId_,
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
             testMode, {} /* keysToSign */, testEekChain_.chain, challenge_, &deviceInfo,
             &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
 
     auto firstBcc = verifyProductionProtectedData(
             deviceInfo, /*keysToSign=*/cppbor::Array(), keysToSignMac, protectedData, testEekChain_,
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@
     status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
             testMode, {} /* keysToSign */, testEekChain_.chain, challenge_, &deviceInfo,
             &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
 
     auto secondBcc = verifyProductionProtectedData(
             deviceInfo, /*keysToSign=*/cppbor::Array(), keysToSignMac, protectedData, testEekChain_,
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@
         auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
                 testMode, keysToSign_, testEekChain_.chain, challenge_, &deviceInfo, &protectedData,
                 &keysToSignMac);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
 
         auto result = verifyProductionProtectedData(
                 deviceInfo, cborKeysToSign_, keysToSignMac, protectedData, testEekChain_, eekId_,
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
             testMode, {keyWithCorruptMac}, testEekChain_.chain, challenge_, &deviceInfo,
             &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+    ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
     EXPECT_EQ(status.getServiceSpecificError(), BnRemotelyProvisionedComponent::STATUS_INVALID_MAC);
 }
 
@@ -596,7 +596,7 @@
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
             testMode, {keyWithCorruptMac}, getProdEekChain(rpcHardwareInfo.supportedEekCurve),
             challenge_, &deviceInfo, &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+    ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
     EXPECT_EQ(status.getServiceSpecificError(), BnRemotelyProvisionedComponent::STATUS_INVALID_MAC);
 }
 
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@
         auto challenge = randomBytes(size);
         auto status =
                 provisionable_->generateCertificateRequestV2({} /* keysToSign */, challenge, &csr);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
 
         auto result = verifyProductionCsr(cppbor::Array(), csr, provisionable_.get(), challenge);
         ASSERT_TRUE(result) << result.message();
@@ -743,7 +743,7 @@
         SCOPED_TRACE(testing::Message() << "challenge[" << size << "]");
         auto challenge = randomBytes(size);
         auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequestV2(keysToSign_, challenge, &csr);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
 
         auto result = verifyProductionCsr(cborKeysToSign_, csr, provisionable_.get(), challenge);
         ASSERT_TRUE(result) << result.message();
@@ -758,7 +758,7 @@
 
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequestV2(
             /* keysToSign */ {}, randomBytes(MAX_CHALLENGE_SIZE + 1), &csr);
-    EXPECT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+    EXPECT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
     EXPECT_EQ(status.getServiceSpecificError(), BnRemotelyProvisionedComponent::STATUS_FAILED);
 }
 
@@ -773,13 +773,13 @@
     bytevec csr;
 
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequestV2(keysToSign_, challenge_, &csr);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
 
     auto firstCsr = verifyProductionCsr(cborKeysToSign_, csr, provisionable_.get(), challenge_);
     ASSERT_TRUE(firstCsr) << firstCsr.message();
 
     status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequestV2(keysToSign_, challenge_, &csr);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
 
     auto secondCsr = verifyProductionCsr(cborKeysToSign_, csr, provisionable_.get(), challenge_);
     ASSERT_TRUE(secondCsr) << secondCsr.message();
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@
     bytevec csr;
 
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequestV2(keysToSign_, challenge_, &csr);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
 
     auto result = verifyProductionCsr(cborKeysToSign_, csr, provisionable_.get(), challenge_);
     ASSERT_TRUE(result) << result.message();
@@ -815,7 +815,7 @@
     bytevec csr;
     auto status =
             provisionable_->generateCertificateRequestV2({keyWithCorruptMac}, challenge_, &csr);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+    ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
     EXPECT_EQ(status.getServiceSpecificError(), BnRemotelyProvisionedComponent::STATUS_INVALID_MAC);
 }
 
@@ -829,7 +829,7 @@
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
             false /* testMode */, {} /* keysToSign */, {} /* EEK chain */, challenge_, &deviceInfo,
             &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+    ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
     EXPECT_EQ(status.getServiceSpecificError(), BnRemotelyProvisionedComponent::STATUS_REMOVED);
 }
 
@@ -843,7 +843,7 @@
     auto status = provisionable_->generateCertificateRequest(
             true /* testMode */, {} /* keysToSign */, {} /* EEK chain */, challenge_, &deviceInfo,
             &protectedData, &keysToSignMac);
-    ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getMessage();
+    ASSERT_FALSE(status.isOk()) << status.getDescription();
     EXPECT_EQ(status.getServiceSpecificError(), BnRemotelyProvisionedComponent::STATUS_REMOVED);
 }
 
@@ -927,7 +927,7 @@
     bytevec csr;
     irpcStatus =
             provisionable_->generateCertificateRequestV2({} /* keysToSign */, challenge_, &csr);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(irpcStatus.isOk()) << irpcStatus.getMessage();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(irpcStatus.isOk()) << irpcStatus.getDescription();
 
     auto result = verifyProductionCsr(cppbor::Array(), csr, provisionable_.get(), challenge_);
     ASSERT_TRUE(result) << result.message();
diff --git a/security/secretkeeper/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.security.secretkeeper/current/android/hardware/security/secretkeeper/SecretId.aidl b/security/secretkeeper/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.security.secretkeeper/current/android/hardware/security/secretkeeper/SecretId.aidl
index 87d0233..9887066 100644
--- a/security/secretkeeper/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.security.secretkeeper/current/android/hardware/security/secretkeeper/SecretId.aidl
+++ b/security/secretkeeper/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.security.secretkeeper/current/android/hardware/security/secretkeeper/SecretId.aidl
@@ -35,5 +35,5 @@
 /* @hide */
 @VintfStability
 parcelable SecretId {
-  byte[] id;
+  byte[64] id;
 }
diff --git a/security/secretkeeper/aidl/android/hardware/security/secretkeeper/SecretId.aidl b/security/secretkeeper/aidl/android/hardware/security/secretkeeper/SecretId.aidl
index bd982e7..b17917f 100644
--- a/security/secretkeeper/aidl/android/hardware/security/secretkeeper/SecretId.aidl
+++ b/security/secretkeeper/aidl/android/hardware/security/secretkeeper/SecretId.aidl
@@ -25,5 +25,5 @@
     /**
      * 64-byte identifier for a secret.
      */
-    byte[] id;
+    byte[64] id;
 }
diff --git a/security/secretkeeper/aidl/vts/secretkeeper_test_client.rs b/security/secretkeeper/aidl/vts/secretkeeper_test_client.rs
index 5d1306a..c457d24 100644
--- a/security/secretkeeper/aidl/vts/secretkeeper_test_client.rs
+++ b/security/secretkeeper/aidl/vts/secretkeeper_test_client.rs
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@
     fn delete(&self, ids: &[&Id]) {
         let ids: Vec<SecretId> = ids
             .iter()
-            .map(|id| SecretId { id: id.0.to_vec() })
+            .map(|id| SecretId { id: id.0 })
             .collect();
         self.sk.deleteIds(&ids).unwrap();
     }
@@ -513,6 +513,8 @@
 
 // This test checks that Secretkeeper rejects requests with out of order [`RequestSeqNum`]
 #[test]
+// TODO(b/317416663): This test fails, when HAL is not present in the device. Refactor to fix this.
+#[ignore]
 #[should_panic]
 fn secret_management_replay_protection_out_of_seq_req_not_accepted() {
     let sk_client = setup_client!();
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerV1_1TargetTest.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerV1_1TargetTest.cpp
index fccd2ed..3d60e89 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerV1_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerV1_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.setFrontendCallback());
     ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.openDemux(demux, demuxId));
     ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.setDemuxFrontendDataSource(feId));
+    mFrontendTests.setDemux(demux);
     mFilterTests.setDemux(demux);
     ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.openFilterInDemux(filterConf.config1_0.type,
                                                filterConf.config1_0.bufferSize));
diff --git a/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTargetTest.cpp b/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTargetTest.cpp
index 3664b6c..766814f 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTargetTest.cpp
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(mFrontendTests.setFrontendCallback());
     ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.openDemux(demux, demuxId));
     ASSERT_TRUE(mDemuxTests.setDemuxFrontendDataSource(feId));
+    mFrontendTests.setDemux(demux);
     mFilterTests.setDemux(demux);
     ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.openFilterInDemux(filterConf.type, filterConf.bufferSize));
     ASSERT_TRUE(mFilterTests.getNewlyOpenedFilterId_64bit(filterId));
@@ -1197,6 +1198,10 @@
     vector<ScanHardwareConnections> scan_configs = generateScanConfigurations();
     for (auto& configuration : scan_configs) {
         scan = configuration;
+        // Skip test if the frontend implementation doesn't support blind scan
+        if (!frontendMap[scan.frontendId].supportBlindScan) {
+            continue;
+        }
         mFrontendTests.scanTest(frontendMap[scan.frontendId], FrontendScanType::SCAN_BLIND);
     }
 }
@@ -1221,6 +1226,10 @@
     vector<ScanHardwareConnections> scan_configs = generateScanConfigurations();
     for (auto& configuration : scan_configs) {
         scan = configuration;
+        // Skip test if the frontend implementation doesn't support blind scan
+        if (!frontendMap[scan.frontendId].supportBlindScan) {
+            continue;
+        }
         mFrontendTests.scanTest(frontendMap[scan.frontendId], FrontendScanType::SCAN_BLIND);
     }
 }
diff --git a/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTestConfigurations.h b/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTestConfigurations.h
index 516cb62..5c13ed0 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTestConfigurations.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerTestConfigurations.h
@@ -612,6 +612,7 @@
     frontendMap[defaultFeId].isSoftwareFe = true;
     frontendMap[defaultFeId].canConnectToCiCam = true;
     frontendMap[defaultFeId].ciCamId = 0;
+    frontendMap[defaultFeId].supportBlindScan = true;
     FrontendDvbtSettings dvbt;
     dvbt.transmissionMode = FrontendDvbtTransmissionMode::MODE_8K_E;
     frontendMap[defaultFeId].settings.set<FrontendSettings::Tag::dvbt>(dvbt);
diff --git a/tv/tuner/config/TunerTestingConfigAidlReaderV1_0.h b/tv/tuner/config/TunerTestingConfigAidlReaderV1_0.h
index 9517520..5ffb38f 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/config/TunerTestingConfigAidlReaderV1_0.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/config/TunerTestingConfigAidlReaderV1_0.h
@@ -114,6 +114,7 @@
     FrontendSettings settings;
     vector<FrontendStatusType> tuneStatusTypes;
     vector<FrontendStatus> expectTuneStatuses;
+    bool supportBlindScan;
 };
 
 struct FilterConfig {
@@ -354,6 +355,11 @@
                 } else {
                     hasHwFe = true;
                 }
+                if (feConfig.hasSupportBlindScan()) {
+                    frontendMap[id].supportBlindScan = feConfig.getSupportBlindScan();
+                } else {
+                    frontendMap[id].supportBlindScan = true;
+                }
                 // TODO: b/182519645 complete the tune status config
                 frontendMap[id].tuneStatusTypes = types;
                 frontendMap[id].expectTuneStatuses = statuses;
diff --git a/tv/tuner/config/api/current.txt b/tv/tuner/config/api/current.txt
index dbd3486..ff2df90 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/config/api/current.txt
+++ b/tv/tuner/config/api/current.txt
@@ -369,6 +369,7 @@
     method @Nullable public android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.IsdbsFrontendSettings getIsdbsFrontendSettings_optional();
     method @Nullable public android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.IsdbtFrontendSettings getIsdbtFrontendSettings_optional();
     method @Nullable public java.math.BigInteger getRemoveOutputPid();
+    method @Nullable public boolean getSupportBlindScan();
     method @Nullable public android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.FrontendTypeEnum getType();
     method public void setAtscFrontendSettings_optional(@Nullable android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.AtscFrontendSettings);
     method public void setConnectToCicamId(@Nullable java.math.BigInteger);
@@ -381,6 +382,7 @@
     method public void setIsdbsFrontendSettings_optional(@Nullable android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.IsdbsFrontendSettings);
     method public void setIsdbtFrontendSettings_optional(@Nullable android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.IsdbtFrontendSettings);
     method public void setRemoveOutputPid(@Nullable java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setSupportBlindScan(@Nullable boolean);
     method public void setType(@Nullable android.media.tuner.testing.configuration.V1_0.FrontendTypeEnum);
   }
 
diff --git a/tv/tuner/config/tuner_testing_dynamic_configuration.xsd b/tv/tuner/config/tuner_testing_dynamic_configuration.xsd
index c51ac51..eafaca9 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/config/tuner_testing_dynamic_configuration.xsd
+++ b/tv/tuner/config/tuner_testing_dynamic_configuration.xsd
@@ -162,6 +162,7 @@
         <xs:attribute name="connectToCicamId" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="optional"/>
         <xs:attribute name="removeOutputPid" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="optional"/>
         <xs:attribute name="endFrequency" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="supportBlindScan" type="xs:boolean" use="optional"/>
     </xs:complexType>
 
     <!-- FILTER SESSION -->