diff --git a/camera/device/1.0/default/CameraDevice.cpp b/camera/device/1.0/default/CameraDevice.cpp
index 6f4e70f..c53c0d8 100644
--- a/camera/device/1.0/default/CameraDevice.cpp
+++ b/camera/device/1.0/default/CameraDevice.cpp
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
     if (mDevice != nullptr) {
         ALOGW("%s: camera %s is deleted while open", __FUNCTION__, mCameraId.c_str());
-        close();
+        closeLocked();
     }
     mHalPreviewWindow.cleanUpCirculatingBuffers();
 }
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
     }
     if (!connected) {
         ALOGW("%s: camera %s is disconneted. Closing", __FUNCTION__, mCameraId.c_str());
-        close();
+        closeLocked();
     }
     return;
 }
@@ -982,8 +982,13 @@
 }
 
 Return<void> CameraDevice::close() {
-    ALOGI("Closing camera %s", mCameraId.c_str());
     Mutex::Autolock _l(mLock);
+    closeLocked();
+    return Void();
+}
+
+void CameraDevice::closeLocked() {
+    ALOGI("Closing camera %s", mCameraId.c_str());
     if(mDevice) {
         int rc = mDevice->common.close(&mDevice->common);
         if (rc != OK) {
@@ -991,7 +996,6 @@
         }
         mDevice = nullptr;
     }
-    return Void();
 }
 
 }  // namespace implementation
diff --git a/camera/device/1.0/default/CameraDevice_1_0.h b/camera/device/1.0/default/CameraDevice_1_0.h
index 0e5a49b..c078596 100644
--- a/camera/device/1.0/default/CameraDevice_1_0.h
+++ b/camera/device/1.0/default/CameraDevice_1_0.h
@@ -222,6 +222,7 @@
     static status_t getStatusT(const Status& s);
 
     Status initStatus() const;
+    void closeLocked();
 };
 
 }  // namespace implementation
diff --git a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 85312c1..14d7c50 100644
--- a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -31,9 +31,14 @@
         "libcamera_metadata",
         "libbinder",
         "libgui",
-        "libui"
+        "libui",
+        "libfmq",
     ],
-    static_libs: ["VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase", "libgrallocusage"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase",
+        "libgrallocusage",
+        "android.hardware.camera.common@1.0-helper",
+    ],
     cflags: [
         "-O0",
         "-g",
diff --git a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp
index c350e31..55f55f6 100644
--- a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp
@@ -15,29 +15,34 @@
  */
 
 #define LOG_TAG "camera_hidl_hal_test"
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <regex>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <condition_variable>
+
+#include <inttypes.h>
+
 #include <android/hardware/camera/device/1.0/ICameraDevice.h>
 #include <android/hardware/camera/device/3.2/ICameraDevice.h>
 #include <android/hardware/camera/provider/2.4/ICameraProvider.h>
-#include <android/log.h>
+#include <android/hidl/manager/1.0/IServiceManager.h>
 #include <binder/MemoryHeapBase.h>
+#include <CameraMetadata.h>
+#include <CameraParameters.h>
+#include <fmq/MessageQueue.h>
 #include <grallocusage/GrallocUsageConversion.h>
 #include <gui/BufferItemConsumer.h>
 #include <gui/BufferQueue.h>
 #include <gui/Surface.h>
 #include <hardware/gralloc.h>
 #include <hardware/gralloc1.h>
-#include <inttypes.h>
 #include <system/camera.h>
+#include <system/camera_metadata.h>
 #include <ui/GraphicBuffer.h>
-#include <utils/Errors.h>
-#include <chrono>
-#include <condition_variable>
-#include <mutex>
-#include <regex>
-#include <unordered_map>
-#include "CameraParameters.h"
-#include "system/camera_metadata.h"
+
+#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::Return;
 using ::android::hardware::Void;
@@ -89,8 +94,13 @@
 using ::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevicePreviewCallback;
 using ::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::FrameCallbackFlag;
 using ::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::HandleTimestampMessage;
+using ::android::hardware::MessageQueue;
+using ::android::hardware::kSynchronizedReadWrite;
+using ResultMetadataQueue = MessageQueue<uint8_t, kSynchronizedReadWrite>;
+using ::android::hidl::manager::V1_0::IServiceManager;
 
 const char kCameraPassthroughServiceName[] = "legacy/0";
+const char *kProviderFQName = "android.hardware.camera.provider@2.4::ICameraProvider";
 const uint32_t kMaxPreviewWidth = 1920;
 const uint32_t kMaxPreviewHeight = 1080;
 const uint32_t kMaxVideoWidth = 4096;
@@ -114,21 +124,25 @@
 
 namespace {
     // "device@<version>/legacy/<id>"
-    const char *kDeviceNameRE = "device@([0-9]+\\.[0-9]+)/legacy/(.+)";
+    const char *kDeviceNameRE = "device@([0-9]+\\.[0-9]+)/%s/(.+)";
     const int CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2 = 0x302;
     const int CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0 = 0x100;
     const char *kHAL3_2 = "3.2";
     const char *kHAL1_0 = "1.0";
 
-    bool matchDeviceName(const hidl_string& deviceName, std::smatch& sm) {
-        std::regex e(kDeviceNameRE);
+    bool matchDeviceName(const hidl_string& deviceName,
+            const hidl_string &providerType, std::smatch& sm) {
+        ::android::String8 pattern;
+        pattern.appendFormat(kDeviceNameRE, providerType.c_str());
+        std::regex e(pattern.string());
         std::string deviceNameStd(deviceName.c_str());
         return std::regex_match(deviceNameStd, sm, e);
     }
 
-    int getCameraDeviceVersion(const hidl_string& deviceName) {
+    int getCameraDeviceVersion(const hidl_string& deviceName,
+            const hidl_string &providerType) {
         std::smatch sm;
-        bool match = matchDeviceName(deviceName, sm);
+        bool match = matchDeviceName(deviceName, providerType, sm);
         if (!match) {
             return -1;
         }
@@ -142,6 +156,45 @@
         return 0;
     }
 
+    bool parseProviderName(const std::string& name, std::string *type /*out*/,
+            uint32_t *id /*out*/) {
+        if (!type || !id) {
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        std::string::size_type slashIdx = name.find('/');
+        if (slashIdx == std::string::npos || slashIdx == name.size() - 1) {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "Provider name does not have / separator between type"
+                    "and id";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        std::string typeVal = name.substr(0, slashIdx);
+
+        char *endPtr;
+        errno = 0;
+        long idVal = strtol(name.c_str() + slashIdx + 1, &endPtr, 10);
+        if (errno != 0) {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "cannot parse provider id as an integer:" <<
+                    name.c_str() << strerror(errno) << errno;
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (endPtr != name.c_str() + name.size()) {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "provider id has unexpected length " << name.c_str();
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (idVal < 0) {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "id is negative: " << name.c_str() << idVal;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        *type = typeVal;
+        *id = static_cast<uint32_t>(idVal);
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
     Status mapToStatus(::android::status_t s)  {
         switch(s) {
             case ::android::OK:
@@ -176,7 +229,7 @@
     virtual void SetUp() override;
     virtual void TearDown() override;
 
-    sp<ICameraProvider> mProvider;
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, sp<ICameraProvider> > mProviders;
 
 private:
     CameraHidlEnvironment() {}
@@ -185,11 +238,40 @@
 };
 
 void CameraHidlEnvironment::SetUp() {
-    // TODO: test the binderized mode
-    mProvider = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ICameraProvider>(kCameraPassthroughServiceName);
-    // TODO: handle the device doesn't have any camera case
-    ALOGI_IF(mProvider, "provider is not nullptr, %p", mProvider.get());
-    ASSERT_NE(mProvider, nullptr);
+    sp<IServiceManager> manager = IServiceManager::getService();
+    ASSERT_NE(manager, nullptr);
+
+    manager->listByInterface(kProviderFQName,
+                             [this](const hidl_vec<hidl_string> &registered) {
+        std::string name;
+        uint32_t id;
+        sp<ICameraProvider> provider = nullptr;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < registered.size(); i++) {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(parseProviderName(registered[i],
+                    &name /*out*/, &id /*out*/));
+            provider = ICameraProvider::tryGetService(registered[i]);
+            ALOGI_IF(provider, "provider is not nullptr, %p", provider.get());
+            if (nullptr != provider.get()) {
+                mProviders.emplace(name, provider);
+            }
+        }
+    });
+
+    std::string legacyName;
+    uint32_t legacyId;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(parseProviderName(kCameraPassthroughServiceName,
+            &legacyName /*out*/, &legacyId /*out*/));
+    auto legacyIt = mProviders.find(legacyName);
+    //Add any legacy passthrough implementations
+    if (legacyIt == mProviders.end()) {
+        sp<ICameraProvider> provider = ICameraProvider::tryGetService(
+                kCameraPassthroughServiceName);
+        if (nullptr != provider.get()) {
+            mProviders.emplace(legacyName, provider);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(mProviders.empty());
 }
 
 void CameraHidlEnvironment::TearDown() {
@@ -253,9 +335,7 @@
 
             size_t result = 1;
             result = 31 * result + buf->numFds;
-            result = 31 * result + buf->numInts;
-            int length = buf->numFds + buf->numInts;
-            for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < buf->numFds; i++) {
                 result = 31 * result + buf->data[i];
             }
             return result;
@@ -265,10 +345,8 @@
     struct BufferComparator {
         bool operator()(const buffer_handle_t& buf1,
                 const buffer_handle_t& buf2) const {
-            if ((buf1->numFds == buf2->numFds) &&
-                    (buf1->numInts == buf2->numInts)) {
-                int length = buf1->numFds + buf1->numInts;
-                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            if (buf1->numFds == buf2->numFds) {
+                for (int i = 0; i < buf1->numFds; i++) {
                     if (buf1->data[i] != buf2->data[i]) {
                         return false;
                     }
@@ -445,7 +523,7 @@
     virtual void SetUp() override {}
     virtual void TearDown() override {}
 
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> getCameraDeviceNames();
+    hidl_vec<hidl_string> getCameraDeviceNames(sp<ICameraProvider> provider);
 
     struct EmptyDeviceCb : public ICameraDeviceCallback {
         virtual Return<void> processCaptureResult(const hidl_vec<CaptureResult>& /*results*/) override {
@@ -521,7 +599,7 @@
         CameraHidlTest *mParent;               // Parent object
     };
 
-    void openCameraDevice(const std::string &name,const CameraHidlEnvironment* env,
+    void openCameraDevice(const std::string &name, sp<ICameraProvider> provider,
             sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> *device /*out*/);
     void setupPreviewWindow(
             const sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> &device,
@@ -544,15 +622,17 @@
     void waitForFrameLocked(DataCallbackMsg msgFrame,
             std::unique_lock<std::mutex> &l);
     void openEmptyDeviceSession(const std::string &name,
-            const CameraHidlEnvironment* env,
+            sp<ICameraProvider> provider,
             sp<ICameraDeviceSession> *session /*out*/,
             camera_metadata_t **staticMeta /*out*/);
     void configurePreviewStream(const std::string &name,
-            const CameraHidlEnvironment* env,
+            sp<ICameraProvider> provider,
             const AvailableStream *previewThreshold,
             sp<ICameraDeviceSession> *session /*out*/,
             Stream *previewStream /*out*/,
-            HalStreamConfiguration *halStreamConfig /*out*/);
+            HalStreamConfiguration *halStreamConfig /*out*/,
+            bool *supportsPartialResults /*out*/,
+            uint32_t *partialResultCount /*out*/);
     static Status getAvailableOutputStreams(camera_metadata_t *staticMeta,
             std::vector<AvailableStream> &outputStreams,
             const AvailableStream *threshold = nullptr);
@@ -569,11 +649,75 @@
             ::android::CameraParameters &cameraParams, const char *mode) ;
 
 protected:
+
+    // In-flight queue for tracking completion of capture requests.
+    struct InFlightRequest {
+        // Set by notify() SHUTTER call.
+        nsecs_t shutterTimestamp;
+
+        bool errorCodeValid;
+        ErrorCode errorCode;
+
+        //Is partial result supported
+        bool usePartialResult;
+
+        //Partial result count expected
+        uint32_t numPartialResults;
+
+        // Message queue
+        std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> resultQueue;
+
+        // Set by process_capture_result call with valid metadata
+        bool haveResultMetadata;
+
+        // Decremented by calls to process_capture_result with valid output
+        // and input buffers
+        ssize_t numBuffersLeft;
+
+         // A 64bit integer to index the frame number associated with this result.
+        int64_t frameNumber;
+
+         // The partial result count (index) for this capture result.
+        int32_t partialResultCount;
+
+        // For buffer drop errors, the stream ID for the stream that lost a buffer.
+        // Otherwise -1.
+        int32_t errorStreamId;
+
+        // If this request has any input buffer
+        bool hasInputBuffer;
+
+        // Result metadata
+        ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata collectedResult;
+
+        // Buffers are added by process_capture_result when output buffers
+        // return from HAL but framework.
+        ::android::Vector<StreamBuffer> resultOutputBuffers;
+
+        InFlightRequest(ssize_t numBuffers, bool hasInput,
+                bool partialResults, uint32_t partialCount,
+                std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> queue = nullptr) :
+                shutterTimestamp(0),
+                errorCodeValid(false),
+                errorCode(ErrorCode::ERROR_BUFFER),
+                usePartialResult(partialResults),
+                numPartialResults(partialCount),
+                resultQueue(queue),
+                haveResultMetadata(false),
+                numBuffersLeft(numBuffers),
+                frameNumber(0),
+                partialResultCount(0),
+                errorStreamId(-1),
+                hasInputBuffer(hasInput) {}
+    };
+
+    // Map from frame number to the in-flight request state
+    typedef ::android::KeyedVector<uint32_t, InFlightRequest*> InFlightMap;
+
     std::mutex mLock;                          // Synchronize access to member variables
     std::condition_variable mResultCondition;  // Condition variable for incoming results
-    uint32_t mResultFrameNumber;               // Expected result frame number
-    std::vector<StreamBuffer> mResultBuffers;  // Holds stream buffers from capture result
-    std::vector<ErrorMsg> mErrors;             // Holds incoming error notifications
+    InFlightMap mInflightMap;                  // Map of all inflight requests
+
     DataCallbackMsg mDataMessageTypeReceived;  // Most recent message type received through data callbacks
     uint32_t mVideoBufferIndex;                // Buffer index of the most recent video buffer
     uint32_t mVideoData;                       // Buffer data of the most recent video buffer
@@ -696,53 +840,180 @@
         return Void();
     }
 
+    bool notify = false;
     std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mParent->mLock);
-    const CaptureResult& result = results[0];
+    for (size_t i = 0 ; i < results.size(); i++) {
+        uint32_t frameNumber = results[i].frameNumber;
 
-    if(mParent->mResultFrameNumber != result.frameNumber) {
-        ALOGE("%s: Unexpected frame number! Expected: %u received: %u",
-              __func__, mParent->mResultFrameNumber, result.frameNumber);
-        ADD_FAILURE();
+        if ((results[i].result.size() == 0) &&
+                (results[i].outputBuffers.size() == 0) &&
+                (results[i].inputBuffer.buffer == nullptr) &&
+                (results[i].fmqResultSize == 0)) {
+            ALOGE("%s: No result data provided by HAL for frame %d result count: %d",
+                  __func__, frameNumber, (int) results[i].fmqResultSize);
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+            break;
+        }
+
+        ssize_t idx = mParent->mInflightMap.indexOfKey(frameNumber);
+        if (::android::NAME_NOT_FOUND == idx) {
+            ALOGE("%s: Unexpected frame number! received: %u",
+                  __func__, frameNumber);
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+            break;
+        }
+
+        bool isPartialResult = false;
+        bool hasInputBufferInRequest = false;
+        InFlightRequest *request = mParent->mInflightMap.editValueAt(idx);
+        ::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::CameraMetadata resultMetadata;
+        size_t resultSize = 0;
+        if (results[i].fmqResultSize > 0) {
+            resultMetadata.resize(results[i].fmqResultSize);
+            if (request->resultQueue == nullptr) {
+                ADD_FAILURE();
+                break;
+            }
+            if (!request->resultQueue->read(resultMetadata.data(),
+                    results[i].fmqResultSize)) {
+                ALOGE("%s: Frame %d: Cannot read camera metadata from fmq,"
+                        "size = %" PRIu64, __func__, frameNumber,
+                        results[i].fmqResultSize);
+                ADD_FAILURE();
+                break;
+            }
+            resultSize = resultMetadata.size();
+        } else if (results[i].result.size() > 0) {
+            resultMetadata.setToExternal(const_cast<uint8_t *>(
+                    results[i].result.data()), results[i].result.size());
+            resultSize = resultMetadata.size();
+        }
+
+        if (!request->usePartialResult && (resultSize > 0) &&
+                (results[i].partialResult != 1)) {
+            ALOGE("%s: Result is malformed for frame %d: partial_result %u "
+                    "must be 1  if partial result is not supported", __func__,
+                    frameNumber, results[i].partialResult);
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (results[i].partialResult != 0) {
+            request->partialResultCount = results[i].partialResult;
+        }
+
+        // Check if this result carries only partial metadata
+        if (request->usePartialResult && (resultSize > 0)) {
+            if ((results[i].partialResult > request->numPartialResults) ||
+                    (results[i].partialResult < 1)) {
+                ALOGE("%s: Result is malformed for frame %d: partial_result %u"
+                        " must be  in the range of [1, %d] when metadata is "
+                        "included in the result", __func__, frameNumber,
+                        results[i].partialResult, request->numPartialResults);
+                ADD_FAILURE();
+                break;
+            }
+            request->collectedResult.append(
+                    reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(
+                            resultMetadata.data()));
+
+            isPartialResult =
+                    (results[i].partialResult < request->numPartialResults);
+        }
+
+        hasInputBufferInRequest = request->hasInputBuffer;
+
+        // Did we get the (final) result metadata for this capture?
+        if ((resultSize > 0) && !isPartialResult) {
+            if (request->haveResultMetadata) {
+                ALOGE("%s: Called multiple times with metadata for frame %d",
+                      __func__, frameNumber);
+                ADD_FAILURE();
+                break;
+            }
+            request->haveResultMetadata = true;
+            request->collectedResult.sort();
+        }
+
+        uint32_t numBuffersReturned = results[i].outputBuffers.size();
+        if (results[i].inputBuffer.buffer != nullptr) {
+            if (hasInputBufferInRequest) {
+                numBuffersReturned += 1;
+            } else {
+                ALOGW("%s: Input buffer should be NULL if there is no input"
+                        " buffer sent in the request", __func__);
+            }
+        }
+        request->numBuffersLeft -= numBuffersReturned;
+        if (request->numBuffersLeft < 0) {
+            ALOGE("%s: Too many buffers returned for frame %d", __func__,
+                    frameNumber);
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+            break;
+        }
+
+        request->resultOutputBuffers.appendArray(results[i].outputBuffers.data(),
+                results[i].outputBuffers.size());
+        // If shutter event is received notify the pending threads.
+        if (request->shutterTimestamp != 0) {
+            notify = true;
+        }
     }
 
-    size_t resultLength = result.outputBuffers.size();
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < resultLength; i++) {
-        mParent->mResultBuffers.push_back(result.outputBuffers[i]);
-    }
-
-    // TODO(epeev): Handle partial results in case client supports them and
-    //              verify the result against request settings.
-
     l.unlock();
-    mParent->mResultCondition.notify_one();
+    if (notify) {
+        mParent->mResultCondition.notify_one();
+    }
 
     return Void();
 }
 
 Return<void> CameraHidlTest::DeviceCb::notify(
         const hidl_vec<NotifyMsg>& messages) {
-    const NotifyMsg& message = messages[0];
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(mParent->mLock);
 
-    if (MsgType::ERROR == message.type) {
-        {
-            std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(mParent->mLock);
-            mParent->mErrors.push_back(message.msg.error);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < messages.size(); i++) {
+        ssize_t idx = mParent->mInflightMap.indexOfKey(
+                messages[i].msg.shutter.frameNumber);
+        if (::android::NAME_NOT_FOUND == idx) {
+            ALOGE("%s: Unexpected frame number! received: %u",
+                  __func__, messages[i].msg.shutter.frameNumber);
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+            break;
         }
+        InFlightRequest *r = mParent->mInflightMap.editValueAt(idx);
 
-        if ((ErrorCode::ERROR_REQUEST == message.msg.error.errorCode)
-                || (ErrorCode::ERROR_BUFFER == message.msg.error.errorCode)) {
-            mParent->mResultCondition.notify_one();
+        switch(messages[i].type) {
+            case MsgType::ERROR:
+                if (ErrorCode::ERROR_DEVICE == messages[i].msg.error.errorCode) {
+                    ALOGE("%s: Camera reported serious device error",
+                          __func__);
+                    ADD_FAILURE();
+                } else {
+                    r->errorCodeValid = true;
+                    r->errorCode = messages[i].msg.error.errorCode;
+                    r->errorStreamId = messages[i].msg.error.errorStreamId;
+                }
+                break;
+            case MsgType::SHUTTER:
+                r->shutterTimestamp = messages[i].msg.shutter.timestamp;
+                break;
+            default:
+                ALOGE("%s: Unsupported notify message %d", __func__,
+                      messages[i].type);
+                ADD_FAILURE();
+                break;
         }
     }
 
+    mParent->mResultCondition.notify_one();
     return Void();
 }
 
-hidl_vec<hidl_string> CameraHidlTest::getCameraDeviceNames() {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
+hidl_vec<hidl_string> CameraHidlTest::getCameraDeviceNames(sp<ICameraProvider> provider) {
     hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames;
     Return<void> ret;
-    ret = env->mProvider->getCameraIdList(
+    ret = provider->getCameraIdList(
         [&](auto status, const auto& idList) {
             ALOGI("getCameraIdList returns status:%d", (int)status);
             for (size_t i = 0; i < idList.size(); i++) {
@@ -760,58 +1031,63 @@
 // Test if ICameraProvider::isTorchModeSupported returns Status::OK
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, isTorchModeSupported) {
     Return<void> ret;
-    ret = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProvider->isSetTorchModeSupported(
-        [&](auto status, bool support) {
-            ALOGI("isSetTorchModeSupported returns status:%d supported:%d",
-                    (int)status, support);
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-        });
-    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        ret = provider.second->isSetTorchModeSupported(
+            [&](auto status, bool support) {
+                ALOGI("isSetTorchModeSupported returns status:%d supported:%d",
+                        (int)status, support);
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+            });
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
 }
 
 // TODO: consider removing this test if getCameraDeviceNames() has the same coverage
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, getCameraIdList) {
     Return<void> ret;
-    ret = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProvider->getCameraIdList(
-        [&](auto status, const auto& idList) {
-            ALOGI("getCameraIdList returns status:%d", (int)status);
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < idList.size(); i++) {
-                ALOGI("Camera Id[%zu] is %s", i, idList[i].c_str());
-            }
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-            // This is true for internal camera provider.
-            // Not necessary hold for external cameras providers
-            ASSERT_GT(idList.size(), 0u);
-        });
-    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        ret = provider.second->getCameraIdList(
+            [&](auto status, const auto& idList) {
+                ALOGI("getCameraIdList returns status:%d", (int)status);
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < idList.size(); i++) {
+                    ALOGI("Camera Id[%zu] is %s", i, idList[i].c_str());
+                }
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                // This is true for internal camera provider.
+                // Not necessary hold for external cameras providers
+                ASSERT_GT(idList.size(), 0u);
+            });
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
 }
 
 // Test if ICameraProvider::getVendorTags returns Status::OK
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, getVendorTags) {
     Return<void> ret;
-    ret = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProvider->getVendorTags(
-        [&](auto status, const auto& vendorTagSecs) {
-            ALOGI("getVendorTags returns status:%d numSections %zu",
-                    (int)status, vendorTagSecs.size());
-            for (size_t i = 0; i < vendorTagSecs.size(); i++) {
-                ALOGI("Vendor tag section %zu name %s",
-                        i, vendorTagSecs[i].sectionName.c_str());
-                for (size_t j = 0; j < vendorTagSecs[i].tags.size(); j++) {
-                    const auto& tag = vendorTagSecs[i].tags[j];
-                    ALOGI("Vendor tag id %u name %s type %d",
-                            tag.tagId,
-                            tag.tagName.c_str(),
-                            (int) tag.tagType);
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        ret = provider.second->getVendorTags(
+            [&](auto status, const auto& vendorTagSecs) {
+                ALOGI("getVendorTags returns status:%d numSections %zu",
+                        (int)status, vendorTagSecs.size());
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < vendorTagSecs.size(); i++) {
+                    ALOGI("Vendor tag section %zu name %s",
+                            i, vendorTagSecs[i].sectionName.c_str());
+                    for (size_t j = 0; j < vendorTagSecs[i].tags.size(); j++) {
+                        const auto& tag = vendorTagSecs[i].tags[j];
+                        ALOGI("Vendor tag id %u name %s type %d",
+                                tag.tagId,
+                                tag.tagName.c_str(),
+                                (int) tag.tagType);
+                    }
                 }
-            }
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-        });
-    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+            });
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
 }
 
 // Test if ICameraProvider::setCallback returns Status::OK
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, setCallback) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
     struct ProviderCb : public ICameraProviderCallback {
         virtual Return<void> cameraDeviceStatusChange(
                 const hidl_string& cameraDeviceName,
@@ -830,37 +1106,45 @@
         }
     };
     sp<ProviderCb> cb = new ProviderCb;
-    auto status = env->mProvider->setCallback(cb);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        auto status = provider.second->setCallback(cb);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+    }
 }
 
 // Test if ICameraProvider::getCameraDeviceInterface returns Status::OK and non-null device
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, getCameraDeviceInterface) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            Return<void> ret;
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device3_2) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device3_2, nullptr);
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-        } else if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            Return<void> ret;
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device1) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device1, nullptr);
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device3_2) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device3_2, nullptr);
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            } else if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device1) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device1, nullptr);
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -868,60 +1152,66 @@
 // Verify that the device resource cost can be retrieved and the values are
 // sane.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, getResourceCost) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> device3_2;
-            ALOGI("getResourceCost: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
-            Return<void> ret;
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
-                    device3_2 = device;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> device3_2;
+                ALOGI("getResourceCost: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+                        device3_2 = device;
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            ret = device3_2->getResourceCost(
-                [&](auto status, const auto& resourceCost) {
-                    ALOGI("getResourceCost returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ALOGI("    Resource cost is %d", resourceCost.resourceCost);
-                    ASSERT_LE(resourceCost.resourceCost, 100u);
-                    for (const auto& name : resourceCost.conflictingDevices) {
-                        ALOGI("    Conflicting device: %s", name.c_str());
-                    }
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-        } else {
-            ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            ALOGI("getResourceCost: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
-            Return<void> ret;
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
-                    device1 = device;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ret = device3_2->getResourceCost(
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& resourceCost) {
+                        ALOGI("getResourceCost returns status:%d", (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ALOGI("    Resource cost is %d", resourceCost.resourceCost);
+                        ASSERT_LE(resourceCost.resourceCost, 100u);
+                        for (const auto& name : resourceCost.conflictingDevices) {
+                            ALOGI("    Conflicting device: %s", name.c_str());
+                        }
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            } else {
+                ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                ALOGI("getResourceCost: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+                        device1 = device;
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            ret = device1->getResourceCost(
-                [&](auto status, const auto& resourceCost) {
-                    ALOGI("getResourceCost returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ALOGI("    Resource cost is %d", resourceCost.resourceCost);
-                    ASSERT_LE(resourceCost.resourceCost, 100u);
-                    for (const auto& name : resourceCost.conflictingDevices) {
-                        ALOGI("    Conflicting device: %s", name.c_str());
-                    }
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ret = device1->getResourceCost(
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& resourceCost) {
+                        ALOGI("getResourceCost returns status:%d", (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ALOGI("    Resource cost is %d",
+                              resourceCost.resourceCost);
+                        ASSERT_LE(resourceCost.resourceCost, 100u);
+                        for (const auto& name : resourceCost.conflictingDevices) {
+                            ALOGI("    Conflicting device: %s", name.c_str());
+                        }
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -929,126 +1219,143 @@
 // Verify that the static camera info can be retrieved
 // successfully.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, getCameraInfo) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
-            Return<void> ret;
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
-                    device1 = device;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics: Testing camera device %s",
+                      name.c_str());
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+                        device1 = device;
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            ret = device1->getCameraInfo(
-                [&](auto status, const auto& info) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraInfo returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    switch(info.orientation) {
-                        case 0:
-                        case 90:
-                        case 180:
-                        case 270:
-                            //Expected cases
-                            ALOGI("camera orientation: %d", info.orientation);
-                            break;
-                        default:
-                            FAIL() << "Unexpected camera orientation:" << info.orientation;
-                    }
-                    switch(info.facing) {
-                        case CameraFacing::BACK:
-                        case CameraFacing::FRONT:
-                        case CameraFacing::EXTERNAL:
-                            //Expected cases
-                            ALOGI("camera facing: %d", info.facing);
-                            break;
-                        default:
-                            FAIL() << "Unexpected camera facing:" << static_cast<uint32_t> (info.facing);
-                    }
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ret = device1->getCameraInfo(
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& info) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraInfo returns status:%d", (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        switch(info.orientation) {
+                            case 0:
+                            case 90:
+                            case 180:
+                            case 270:
+                                //Expected cases
+                                ALOGI("camera orientation: %d", info.orientation);
+                                break;
+                            default:
+                                FAIL() << "Unexpected camera orientation:" << info.orientation;
+                        }
+                        switch(info.facing) {
+                            case CameraFacing::BACK:
+                            case CameraFacing::FRONT:
+                            case CameraFacing::EXTERNAL:
+                                //Expected cases
+                                ALOGI("camera facing: %d", info.facing);
+                                break;
+                            default:
+                                FAIL() << "Unexpected camera facing:" << static_cast<uint32_t> (
+                                        info.facing);
+                        }
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Check whether preview window can be configured
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, setPreviewWindow) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-                    openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
-            sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
-            sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
-            setupPreviewWindow(device1,
-                    &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/, &bufferHandler /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+                sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
+                sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
+                setupPreviewWindow(device1,
+                        &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/, &bufferHandler /*out*/);
 
-            Return<void> ret;
-            ret = device1->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ret = device1->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Verify that setting preview window fails in case device is not open
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, setPreviewWindowInvalid) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
-            Return<void> ret;
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
-                    device1 = device;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics: Testing camera device %s",
+                      name.c_str());
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+                        device1 = device;
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->setPreviewWindow(nullptr);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED, returnStatus);
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->setPreviewWindow(nullptr);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED, returnStatus);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Start and stop preview checking whether it gets enabled in between.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, startStopPreview) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-                    openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
-            sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
-            sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
-            setupPreviewWindow(device1,
-                    &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/, &bufferHandler /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+                sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
+                sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
+                setupPreviewWindow(device1,
+                        &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/, &bufferHandler /*out*/);
 
-            startPreview(device1);
+                startPreview(device1);
 
-            Return<bool> returnBoolStatus = device1->previewEnabled();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus);
+                Return<bool> returnBoolStatus = device1->previewEnabled();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus);
 
-            stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
+                stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -1056,599 +1363,646 @@
 // Start preview without active preview window. Preview should start as soon
 // as a valid active window gets configured.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, startStopPreviewDelayed) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
 
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->setPreviewWindow(nullptr);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->setPreviewWindow(nullptr);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
 
-            startPreview(device1);
+                startPreview(device1);
 
-            sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
-            sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
-            setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
-                    &bufferHandler /*out*/);
+                sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
+                sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
+                setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
+                        &bufferHandler /*out*/);
 
-            //Preview should get enabled now
-            Return<bool> returnBoolStatus = device1->previewEnabled();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus);
+                //Preview should get enabled now
+                Return<bool> returnBoolStatus = device1->previewEnabled();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus);
 
-            stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
+                stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Verify that image capture behaves as expected along with preview callbacks.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, takePicture) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
-            sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
-            sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
-            setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
-                    &bufferHandler /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+                sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
+                sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
+                setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
+                        &bufferHandler /*out*/);
 
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                mDataMessageTypeReceived = DataCallbackMsg::RAW_IMAGE_NOTIFY;
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    mDataMessageTypeReceived = DataCallbackMsg::RAW_IMAGE_NOTIFY;
+                }
+
+                enableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::PREVIEW_FRAME,
+                              device1);
+                startPreview(device1);
+
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    waitForFrameLocked(DataCallbackMsg::PREVIEW_FRAME, l);
+                }
+
+                disableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::PREVIEW_FRAME,
+                                device1);
+                enableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::COMPRESSED_IMAGE,
+                        device1);
+
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    mDataMessageTypeReceived = DataCallbackMsg::RAW_IMAGE_NOTIFY;
+                }
+
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->takePicture();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    waitForFrameLocked(DataCallbackMsg::COMPRESSED_IMAGE, l);
+                }
+
+                disableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::COMPRESSED_IMAGE,
+                        device1);
+                stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
             }
-
-            enableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::PREVIEW_FRAME, device1);
-            startPreview(device1);
-
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                waitForFrameLocked(DataCallbackMsg::PREVIEW_FRAME, l);
-            }
-
-            disableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::PREVIEW_FRAME,
-                            device1);
-            enableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::COMPRESSED_IMAGE,
-                    device1);
-
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                mDataMessageTypeReceived = DataCallbackMsg::RAW_IMAGE_NOTIFY;
-            }
-
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->takePicture();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                waitForFrameLocked(DataCallbackMsg::COMPRESSED_IMAGE, l);
-            }
-
-            disableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::COMPRESSED_IMAGE,
-                    device1);
-            stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Image capture should fail in case preview didn't get enabled first.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, takePictureFail) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
 
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->takePicture();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_NE(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->takePicture();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_NE(Status::OK, returnStatus);
 
-            Return<void> ret = device1->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                Return<void> ret = device1->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Verify that image capture can be cancelled.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, cancelPicture) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
-            sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
-            sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
-            setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
-                    &bufferHandler /*out*/);
-            startPreview(device1);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+                sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
+                sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
+                setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
+                        &bufferHandler /*out*/);
+                startPreview(device1);
 
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->takePicture();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->takePicture();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
 
-            returnStatus = device1->cancelPicture();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                returnStatus = device1->cancelPicture();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
 
-            stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
+                stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Image capture cancel should fail when image capture is not running.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, cancelPictureFail) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
-            sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
-            sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
-            setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
-                    &bufferHandler /*out*/);
-            startPreview(device1);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+                sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
+                sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
+                setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
+                        &bufferHandler /*out*/);
+                startPreview(device1);
 
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->cancelPicture();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_NE(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->cancelPicture();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_NE(Status::OK, returnStatus);
 
-            stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
+                stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Test basic video recording.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, startStopRecording) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
-            sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
-            sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
-            setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
-                    &bufferHandler /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+                sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
+                sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
+                setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
+                        &bufferHandler /*out*/);
 
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                mDataMessageTypeReceived = DataCallbackMsg::RAW_IMAGE_NOTIFY;
-            }
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    mDataMessageTypeReceived = DataCallbackMsg::RAW_IMAGE_NOTIFY;
+                }
 
-            enableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::PREVIEW_FRAME, device1);
-            startPreview(device1);
-
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                waitForFrameLocked(DataCallbackMsg::PREVIEW_FRAME, l);
-                mDataMessageTypeReceived = DataCallbackMsg::RAW_IMAGE_NOTIFY;
-                mVideoBufferIndex = UINT32_MAX;
-            }
-
-            disableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::PREVIEW_FRAME, device1);
-
-            bool videoMetaEnabled = false;
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->storeMetaDataInBuffers(true);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            // It is allowed for devices to not support this feature
-            ASSERT_TRUE((Status::OK == returnStatus) ||
-                    (Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED == returnStatus));
-            if (Status::OK == returnStatus) {
-                videoMetaEnabled = true;
-            }
-
-            enableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::VIDEO_FRAME, device1);
-            Return<bool> returnBoolStatus = device1->recordingEnabled();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_FALSE(returnBoolStatus);
-
-            returnStatus = device1->startRecording();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                waitForFrameLocked(DataCallbackMsg::VIDEO_FRAME, l);
-                ASSERT_NE(UINT32_MAX, mVideoBufferIndex);
-                disableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::VIDEO_FRAME,
+                enableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::PREVIEW_FRAME,
                         device1);
-            }
+                startPreview(device1);
 
-            returnBoolStatus = device1->recordingEnabled();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus);
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    waitForFrameLocked(DataCallbackMsg::PREVIEW_FRAME, l);
+                    mDataMessageTypeReceived = DataCallbackMsg::RAW_IMAGE_NOTIFY;
+                    mVideoBufferIndex = UINT32_MAX;
+                }
 
-            Return<void> ret;
-            if (videoMetaEnabled) {
-                ret = device1->releaseRecordingFrameHandle(mVideoData,
-                        mVideoBufferIndex, mVideoNativeHandle);
+                disableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::PREVIEW_FRAME,
+                        device1);
+
+                bool videoMetaEnabled = false;
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->storeMetaDataInBuffers(
+                        true);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                // It is allowed for devices to not support this feature
+                ASSERT_TRUE((Status::OK == returnStatus) ||
+                        (Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED == returnStatus));
+                if (Status::OK == returnStatus) {
+                    videoMetaEnabled = true;
+                }
+
+                enableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::VIDEO_FRAME,
+                        device1);
+                Return<bool> returnBoolStatus = device1->recordingEnabled();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_FALSE(returnBoolStatus);
+
+                returnStatus = device1->startRecording();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    waitForFrameLocked(DataCallbackMsg::VIDEO_FRAME, l);
+                    ASSERT_NE(UINT32_MAX, mVideoBufferIndex);
+                    disableMsgType((unsigned int)DataCallbackMsg::VIDEO_FRAME,
+                            device1);
+                }
+
+                returnBoolStatus = device1->recordingEnabled();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus);
+
+                Return<void> ret;
+                if (videoMetaEnabled) {
+                    ret = device1->releaseRecordingFrameHandle(mVideoData,
+                            mVideoBufferIndex, mVideoNativeHandle);
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                } else {
+                    ret = device1->releaseRecordingFrame(mVideoData,
+                            mVideoBufferIndex);
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                }
+
+                ret = device1->stopRecording();
                 ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-            } else {
-                ret = device1->releaseRecordingFrame(mVideoData, mVideoBufferIndex);
-                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+                stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
             }
-
-            ret = device1->stopRecording();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-
-            stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
         }
     }
 }
 
 // It shouldn't be possible to start recording without enabling preview first.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, startRecordingFail) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
 
-            Return<bool> returnBoolStatus = device1->recordingEnabled();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_FALSE(returnBoolStatus);
+                Return<bool> returnBoolStatus = device1->recordingEnabled();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnBoolStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_FALSE(returnBoolStatus);
 
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->startRecording();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_NE(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->startRecording();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_NE(Status::OK, returnStatus);
 
-            Return<void> ret = device1->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                Return<void> ret = device1->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Check autofocus support if available.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, autoFocus) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    std::vector<const char *> focusModes = {CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_AUTO,
-            CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE,
-            CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_VIDEO};
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        std::vector<const char *> focusModes = {CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_AUTO,
+                CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_PICTURE,
+                CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_CONTINUOUS_VIDEO};
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
 
-            ::android::CameraParameters cameraParams;
-            getParameters(device1, &cameraParams /*out*/);
+                ::android::CameraParameters cameraParams;
+                getParameters(device1, &cameraParams /*out*/);
 
-            if (Status::OK != isAutoFocusModeAvailable(cameraParams,
-                    CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_AUTO)) {
-                Return<void> ret = device1->close();
-                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
-            sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
-            setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
-                    &bufferHandler /*out*/);
-            startPreview(device1);
-            enableMsgType((unsigned int)NotifyCallbackMsg::FOCUS, device1);
-
-            for (auto &iter : focusModes) {
                 if (Status::OK != isAutoFocusModeAvailable(cameraParams,
-                        iter)) {
+                        CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_AUTO)) {
+                    Return<void> ret = device1->close();
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
                     continue;
                 }
 
-                cameraParams.set(CameraParameters::KEY_FOCUS_MODE, iter);
-                setParameters(device1, cameraParams);
-                {
-                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                    mNotifyMessage = NotifyCallbackMsg::ERROR;
-                }
+                sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
+                sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
+                setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
+                        &bufferHandler /*out*/);
+                startPreview(device1);
+                enableMsgType((unsigned int)NotifyCallbackMsg::FOCUS, device1);
 
-                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->autoFocus();
-                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                for (auto &iter : focusModes) {
+                    if (Status::OK != isAutoFocusModeAvailable(cameraParams,
+                            iter)) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
 
-                {
-                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                    while (NotifyCallbackMsg::FOCUS != mNotifyMessage) {
-                        auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
-                                std::chrono::seconds(kAutoFocusTimeoutSec);
-                        ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
-                                mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                    cameraParams.set(CameraParameters::KEY_FOCUS_MODE, iter);
+                    setParameters(device1, cameraParams);
+                    {
+                        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                        mNotifyMessage = NotifyCallbackMsg::ERROR;
+                    }
+
+                    Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->autoFocus();
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+
+                    {
+                        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                        while (NotifyCallbackMsg::FOCUS != mNotifyMessage) {
+                            auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                    std::chrono::seconds(kAutoFocusTimeoutSec);
+                            ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
+                                    mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                        }
                     }
                 }
-            }
 
-            disableMsgType((unsigned int)NotifyCallbackMsg::FOCUS, device1);
-            stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
+                disableMsgType((unsigned int)NotifyCallbackMsg::FOCUS, device1);
+                stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 // In case autofocus is supported verify that it can be cancelled.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, cancelAutoFocus) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
 
-            ::android::CameraParameters cameraParams;
-            getParameters(device1, &cameraParams /*out*/);
+                ::android::CameraParameters cameraParams;
+                getParameters(device1, &cameraParams /*out*/);
 
-            if (Status::OK != isAutoFocusModeAvailable(cameraParams,
-                    CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_AUTO)) {
-                Return<void> ret = device1->close();
-                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-                continue;
+                if (Status::OK != isAutoFocusModeAvailable(cameraParams,
+                        CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_AUTO)) {
+                    Return<void> ret = device1->close();
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // It should be fine to call before preview starts.
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, device1->cancelAutoFocus());
+
+                sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
+                sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
+                setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
+                        &bufferHandler /*out*/);
+                startPreview(device1);
+
+                // It should be fine to call after preview starts too.
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->cancelAutoFocus();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+
+                returnStatus = device1->autoFocus();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+
+                returnStatus = device1->cancelAutoFocus();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+
+                stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
             }
-
-            // It should be fine to call before preview starts.
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, device1->cancelAutoFocus());
-
-            sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
-            sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
-            setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
-                    &bufferHandler /*out*/);
-            startPreview(device1);
-
-            // It should be fine to call after preview starts too.
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->cancelAutoFocus();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-
-            returnStatus = device1->autoFocus();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-
-            returnStatus = device1->cancelAutoFocus();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-
-            stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Check whether face detection is available and try to enable&disable.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, sendCommandFaceDetection) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
 
-            ::android::CameraParameters cameraParams;
-            getParameters(device1, &cameraParams /*out*/);
+                ::android::CameraParameters cameraParams;
+                getParameters(device1, &cameraParams /*out*/);
 
-            int32_t hwFaces = cameraParams.getInt(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_MAX_NUM_DETECTED_FACES_HW);
-            int32_t swFaces = cameraParams.getInt(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_MAX_NUM_DETECTED_FACES_SW);
-            if ((0 >= hwFaces) && (0 >= swFaces)) {
-                Return<void> ret = device1->close();
-                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-                continue;
+                int32_t hwFaces = cameraParams.getInt(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_MAX_NUM_DETECTED_FACES_HW);
+                int32_t swFaces = cameraParams.getInt(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_MAX_NUM_DETECTED_FACES_SW);
+                if ((0 >= hwFaces) && (0 >= swFaces)) {
+                    Return<void> ret = device1->close();
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
+                sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
+                setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
+                        &bufferHandler /*out*/);
+                startPreview(device1);
+
+                if (0 < hwFaces) {
+                    Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->sendCommand(
+                            CommandType::START_FACE_DETECTION,
+                            CAMERA_FACE_DETECTION_HW, 0);
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                    // TODO(epeev) : Enable and check for face notifications
+                    returnStatus = device1->sendCommand(
+                            CommandType::STOP_FACE_DETECTION,
+                            CAMERA_FACE_DETECTION_HW, 0);
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                }
+
+                if (0 < swFaces) {
+                    Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->sendCommand(
+                            CommandType::START_FACE_DETECTION,
+                            CAMERA_FACE_DETECTION_SW, 0);
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                    // TODO(epeev) : Enable and check for face notifications
+                    returnStatus = device1->sendCommand(
+                            CommandType::STOP_FACE_DETECTION,
+                            CAMERA_FACE_DETECTION_SW, 0);
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                }
+
+                stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
             }
-
-            sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
-            sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
-            setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
-                    &bufferHandler /*out*/);
-            startPreview(device1);
-
-            if (0 < hwFaces) {
-                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->sendCommand(
-                        CommandType::START_FACE_DETECTION,
-                        CAMERA_FACE_DETECTION_HW, 0);
-                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-                // TODO(epeev) : Enable and check for face notifications
-                returnStatus = device1->sendCommand(
-                        CommandType::STOP_FACE_DETECTION,
-                        CAMERA_FACE_DETECTION_HW, 0);
-                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-            }
-
-            if (0 < swFaces) {
-                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->sendCommand(
-                        CommandType::START_FACE_DETECTION,
-                        CAMERA_FACE_DETECTION_SW, 0);
-                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-                // TODO(epeev) : Enable and check for face notifications
-                returnStatus = device1->sendCommand(
-                        CommandType::STOP_FACE_DETECTION,
-                        CAMERA_FACE_DETECTION_SW, 0);
-                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-            }
-
-            stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Check whether smooth zoom is available and try to enable&disable.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, sendCommandSmoothZoom) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
 
-            ::android::CameraParameters cameraParams;
-            getParameters(device1, &cameraParams /*out*/);
+                ::android::CameraParameters cameraParams;
+                getParameters(device1, &cameraParams /*out*/);
 
-            const char *smoothZoomStr = cameraParams.get(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_SMOOTH_ZOOM_SUPPORTED);
-            bool smoothZoomSupported = ((nullptr != smoothZoomStr) &&
-                    (strcmp(smoothZoomStr, CameraParameters::TRUE) == 0)) ?
-                            true : false;
-            if (!smoothZoomSupported) {
-                Return<void> ret = device1->close();
-                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-                continue;
+                const char *smoothZoomStr = cameraParams.get(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_SMOOTH_ZOOM_SUPPORTED);
+                bool smoothZoomSupported = ((nullptr != smoothZoomStr) &&
+                        (strcmp(smoothZoomStr, CameraParameters::TRUE) == 0)) ?
+                                true : false;
+                if (!smoothZoomSupported) {
+                    Return<void> ret = device1->close();
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                int32_t maxZoom = cameraParams.getInt(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_MAX_ZOOM);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(0 < maxZoom);
+
+                sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
+                sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
+                setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
+                        &bufferHandler /*out*/);
+                startPreview(device1);
+                setParameters(device1, cameraParams);
+
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->sendCommand(
+                        CommandType::START_SMOOTH_ZOOM, maxZoom, 0);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                // TODO(epeev) : Enable and check for face notifications
+                returnStatus = device1->sendCommand(
+                        CommandType::STOP_SMOOTH_ZOOM, 0, 0);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+
+                stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
             }
-
-            int32_t maxZoom = cameraParams.getInt(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_MAX_ZOOM);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(0 < maxZoom);
-
-            sp<BufferItemConsumer> bufferItemConsumer;
-            sp<BufferItemHander> bufferHandler;
-            setupPreviewWindow(device1, &bufferItemConsumer /*out*/,
-                    &bufferHandler /*out*/);
-            startPreview(device1);
-            setParameters(device1, cameraParams);
-
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->sendCommand(
-                    CommandType::START_SMOOTH_ZOOM, maxZoom, 0);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-            // TODO(epeev) : Enable and check for face notifications
-            returnStatus = device1->sendCommand(CommandType::STOP_SMOOTH_ZOOM,
-                    0, 0);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-
-            stopPreviewAndClose(device1);
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Basic sanity tests related to camera parameters.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, getSetParameters) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
 
-            ::android::CameraParameters cameraParams;
-            getParameters(device1, &cameraParams /*out*/);
+                ::android::CameraParameters cameraParams;
+                getParameters(device1, &cameraParams /*out*/);
 
-            int32_t width, height;
-            cameraParams.getPictureSize(&width, &height);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((0 < width) && (0 < height));
-            cameraParams.getPreviewSize(&width, &height);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((0 < width) && (0 < height));
-            int32_t minFps, maxFps;
-            cameraParams.getPreviewFpsRange(&minFps, &maxFps);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((0 < minFps) && (0 < maxFps));
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cameraParams.getPreviewFormat());
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cameraParams.getPictureFormat());
-            ASSERT_TRUE(strcmp(CameraParameters::PIXEL_FORMAT_JPEG,
-                    cameraParams.getPictureFormat()) == 0);
+                int32_t width, height;
+                cameraParams.getPictureSize(&width, &height);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((0 < width) && (0 < height));
+                cameraParams.getPreviewSize(&width, &height);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((0 < width) && (0 < height));
+                int32_t minFps, maxFps;
+                cameraParams.getPreviewFpsRange(&minFps, &maxFps);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((0 < minFps) && (0 < maxFps));
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cameraParams.getPreviewFormat());
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cameraParams.getPictureFormat());
+                ASSERT_TRUE(strcmp(CameraParameters::PIXEL_FORMAT_JPEG,
+                        cameraParams.getPictureFormat()) == 0);
 
-            const char *flashMode = cameraParams.get(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_FLASH_MODE);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((nullptr == flashMode) || (strcmp(
-                    CameraParameters::FLASH_MODE_OFF, flashMode) == 0));
+                const char *flashMode = cameraParams.get(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_FLASH_MODE);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((nullptr == flashMode) || (strcmp(
+                        CameraParameters::FLASH_MODE_OFF, flashMode) == 0));
 
-            const char *wbMode = cameraParams.get(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_WHITE_BALANCE);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((nullptr == wbMode) || (strcmp(
-                    CameraParameters::WHITE_BALANCE_AUTO, wbMode) == 0));
+                const char *wbMode = cameraParams.get(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_WHITE_BALANCE);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((nullptr == wbMode) || (strcmp(
+                        CameraParameters::WHITE_BALANCE_AUTO, wbMode) == 0));
 
-            const char *effect = cameraParams.get(CameraParameters::KEY_EFFECT);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((nullptr == effect) || (strcmp(
-                    CameraParameters::EFFECT_NONE, effect) == 0));
+                const char *effect = cameraParams.get(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_EFFECT);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((nullptr == effect) || (strcmp(
+                        CameraParameters::EFFECT_NONE, effect) == 0));
 
-            ::android::Vector<::android::Size> previewSizes;
-            cameraParams.getSupportedPreviewSizes(previewSizes);
-            ASSERT_FALSE(previewSizes.empty());
-            ::android::Vector<::android::Size> pictureSizes;
-            cameraParams.getSupportedPictureSizes(pictureSizes);
-            ASSERT_FALSE(pictureSizes.empty());
-            const char *previewFormats = cameraParams.get(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_SUPPORTED_PREVIEW_FORMATS);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, previewFormats);
-            ::android::String8 previewFormatsString(previewFormats);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(previewFormatsString.contains(
-                    CameraParameters::PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV420SP));
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cameraParams.get(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_SUPPORTED_PICTURE_FORMATS));
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cameraParams.get(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_SUPPORTED_PREVIEW_FRAME_RATES));
-            const char *focusModes = cameraParams.get(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_SUPPORTED_FOCUS_MODES);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, focusModes);
-            ::android::String8 focusModesString(focusModes);
-            const char *focusMode = cameraParams.get(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_FOCUS_MODE);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, focusMode);
-            // Auto focus mode should be default
-            if (focusModesString.contains(CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_AUTO)) {
-                ASSERT_TRUE(strcmp(
-                        CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_AUTO, focusMode) == 0);
+                ::android::Vector<::android::Size> previewSizes;
+                cameraParams.getSupportedPreviewSizes(previewSizes);
+                ASSERT_FALSE(previewSizes.empty());
+                ::android::Vector<::android::Size> pictureSizes;
+                cameraParams.getSupportedPictureSizes(pictureSizes);
+                ASSERT_FALSE(pictureSizes.empty());
+                const char *previewFormats = cameraParams.get(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_SUPPORTED_PREVIEW_FORMATS);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, previewFormats);
+                ::android::String8 previewFormatsString(previewFormats);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(previewFormatsString.contains(
+                        CameraParameters::PIXEL_FORMAT_YUV420SP));
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cameraParams.get(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_SUPPORTED_PICTURE_FORMATS));
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cameraParams.get(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_SUPPORTED_PREVIEW_FRAME_RATES));
+                const char *focusModes = cameraParams.get(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_SUPPORTED_FOCUS_MODES);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, focusModes);
+                ::android::String8 focusModesString(focusModes);
+                const char *focusMode = cameraParams.get(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_FOCUS_MODE);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, focusMode);
+                // Auto focus mode should be default
+                if (focusModesString.contains(
+                        CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_AUTO)) {
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(strcmp(
+                            CameraParameters::FOCUS_MODE_AUTO, focusMode) == 0);
+                }
+                ASSERT_TRUE(0 < cameraParams.getInt(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_FOCAL_LENGTH));
+                int32_t horizontalViewAngle = cameraParams.getInt(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_HORIZONTAL_VIEW_ANGLE);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((0 < horizontalViewAngle) &&
+                            (360 >= horizontalViewAngle));
+                int32_t verticalViewAngle = cameraParams.getInt(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_VERTICAL_VIEW_ANGLE);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((0 < verticalViewAngle) &&
+                            (360 >= verticalViewAngle));
+                int32_t jpegQuality = cameraParams.getInt(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_JPEG_QUALITY);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((1 <= jpegQuality) && (100 >= jpegQuality));
+                int32_t jpegThumbQuality = cameraParams.getInt(
+                        CameraParameters::KEY_JPEG_THUMBNAIL_QUALITY);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((1 <= jpegThumbQuality) &&
+                            (100 >= jpegThumbQuality));
+
+                cameraParams.setPictureSize(pictureSizes[0].width,
+                        pictureSizes[0].height);
+                cameraParams.setPreviewSize(previewSizes[0].width,
+                        previewSizes[0].height);
+
+                setParameters(device1, cameraParams);
+                getParameters(device1, &cameraParams /*out*/);
+
+                cameraParams.getPictureSize(&width, &height);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((pictureSizes[0].width == width) &&
+                        (pictureSizes[0].height == height));
+                cameraParams.getPreviewSize(&width, &height);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((previewSizes[0].width == width) &&
+                        (previewSizes[0].height == height));
+
+                Return<void> ret = device1->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
             }
-            ASSERT_TRUE(0 < cameraParams.getInt(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_FOCAL_LENGTH));
-            int32_t horizontalViewAngle = cameraParams.getInt(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_HORIZONTAL_VIEW_ANGLE);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((0 < horizontalViewAngle) && (360 >= horizontalViewAngle));
-            int32_t verticalViewAngle = cameraParams.getInt(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_VERTICAL_VIEW_ANGLE);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((0 < verticalViewAngle) && (360 >= verticalViewAngle));
-            int32_t jpegQuality = cameraParams.getInt(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_JPEG_QUALITY);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((1 <= jpegQuality) && (100 >= jpegQuality));
-            int32_t jpegThumbQuality = cameraParams.getInt(
-                    CameraParameters::KEY_JPEG_THUMBNAIL_QUALITY);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((1 <= jpegThumbQuality) && (100 >= jpegThumbQuality));
-
-            cameraParams.setPictureSize(pictureSizes[0].width,
-                    pictureSizes[0].height);
-            cameraParams.setPreviewSize(previewSizes[0].width,
-                    previewSizes[0].height);
-
-            setParameters(device1, cameraParams);
-            getParameters(device1, &cameraParams /*out*/);
-
-            cameraParams.getPictureSize(&width, &height);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((pictureSizes[0].width == width) &&
-                    (pictureSizes[0].height == height));
-            cameraParams.getPreviewSize(&width, &height);
-            ASSERT_TRUE((previewSizes[0].width == width) &&
-                    (previewSizes[0].height == height));
-
-            Return<void> ret = device1->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
         }
     }
 }
@@ -1656,39 +2010,50 @@
 // Verify that the static camera characteristics can be retrieved
 // successfully.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, getCameraCharacteristics) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> device3_2;
-            ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
-            Return<void> ret;
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
-                    device3_2 = device;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> device3_2;
+                ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics: Testing camera device %s",
+                      name.c_str());
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+                        device3_2 = device;
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            ret = device3_2->getCameraCharacteristics(
-                [&](auto status, const auto& chars) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    const camera_metadata_t* metadata = (camera_metadata_t*) chars.data();
-                    size_t expectedSize = chars.size();
-                    int result = validate_camera_metadata_structure(metadata, &expectedSize);
-                    ASSERT_TRUE(result == 0 || result == CAMERA_METADATA_VALIDATION_SHIFTED);
-                    size_t entryCount = get_camera_metadata_entry_count(metadata);
-                    // TODO: we can do better than 0 here. Need to check how many required
-                    // characteristics keys we've defined.
-                    ASSERT_GT(entryCount, 0u);
-                    ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics metadata entry count is %zu", entryCount);
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ret = device3_2->getCameraCharacteristics(
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& chars) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        const camera_metadata_t* metadata =
+                                (camera_metadata_t*) chars.data();
+                        size_t expectedSize = chars.size();
+                        int result = validate_camera_metadata_structure(
+                                metadata, &expectedSize);
+                        ASSERT_TRUE((result == 0) ||
+                                (result == CAMERA_METADATA_VALIDATION_SHIFTED));
+                        size_t entryCount = get_camera_metadata_entry_count(
+                                metadata);
+                        // TODO: we can do better than 0 here. Need to check how many required
+                        // characteristics keys we've defined.
+                        ASSERT_GT(entryCount, 0u);
+                        ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics metadata entry count is %zu",
+                              entryCount);
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -1696,252 +2061,273 @@
 //In case it is supported verify that torch can be enabled.
 //Check for corresponding toch callbacks as well.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, setTorchMode) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    bool torchControlSupported = false;
-    Return<void> ret;
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        bool torchControlSupported = false;
+        Return<void> ret;
 
-    ret = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProvider->isSetTorchModeSupported(
-        [&](auto status, bool support) {
-            ALOGI("isSetTorchModeSupported returns status:%d supported:%d",
-                    (int)status, support);
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-            torchControlSupported = support;
-        });
+        ret = provider.second->isSetTorchModeSupported(
+            [&](auto status, bool support) {
+                ALOGI("isSetTorchModeSupported returns status:%d supported:%d",
+                        (int)status, support);
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                torchControlSupported = support;
+            });
 
 
-    sp<TorchProviderCb> cb = new TorchProviderCb(this);
-    Return<Status> returnStatus = env->mProvider->setCallback(cb);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+        sp<TorchProviderCb> cb = new TorchProviderCb(this);
+        Return<Status> returnStatus = provider.second->setCallback(cb);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> device3_2;
-            ALOGI("setTorchMode: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
-                    device3_2 = device;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> device3_2;
+                ALOGI("setTorchMode: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+                        device3_2 = device;
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            mTorchStatus = TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE;
-            returnStatus = device3_2->setTorchMode(TorchMode::ON);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            if (!torchControlSupported) {
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED, returnStatus);
-            } else {
-                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus == Status::OK ||
-                            returnStatus == Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED);
-                if (returnStatus == Status::OK) {
-                    {
-                        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mTorchLock);
-                        while (TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE == mTorchStatus) {
-                            auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
-                                    std::chrono::seconds(kTorchTimeoutSec);
-                            ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
-                                    mTorchCond.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                mTorchStatus = TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE;
+                returnStatus = device3_2->setTorchMode(TorchMode::ON);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                if (!torchControlSupported) {
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED, returnStatus);
+                } else {
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus == Status::OK ||
+                                returnStatus == Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+                    if (returnStatus == Status::OK) {
+                        {
+                            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mTorchLock);
+                            while (TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE == mTorchStatus) {
+                                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                        std::chrono::seconds(kTorchTimeoutSec);
+                                ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
+                                        mTorchCond.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                            }
+                            ASSERT_EQ(TorchModeStatus::AVAILABLE_ON,
+                                    mTorchStatus);
+                            mTorchStatus = TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE;
                         }
-                        ASSERT_EQ(TorchModeStatus::AVAILABLE_ON, mTorchStatus);
-                        mTorchStatus = TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE;
-                    }
 
-                    returnStatus = device3_2->setTorchMode(TorchMode::OFF);
-                    ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                        returnStatus = device3_2->setTorchMode(TorchMode::OFF);
+                        ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
 
-                    {
-                        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mTorchLock);
-                        while (TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE == mTorchStatus) {
-                            auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
-                                    std::chrono::seconds(kTorchTimeoutSec);
-                            ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
-                                    mTorchCond.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                        {
+                            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mTorchLock);
+                            while (TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE == mTorchStatus) {
+                                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                        std::chrono::seconds(kTorchTimeoutSec);
+                                ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
+                                        mTorchCond.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                            }
+                            ASSERT_EQ(TorchModeStatus::AVAILABLE_OFF,
+                                    mTorchStatus);
                         }
-                        ASSERT_EQ(TorchModeStatus::AVAILABLE_OFF, mTorchStatus);
                     }
                 }
-            }
-        } else if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            ALOGI("dumpState: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
-                    device1 = device;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            } else if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                ALOGI("dumpState: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+                        device1 = device;
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            mTorchStatus = TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE;
-            returnStatus = device1->setTorchMode(TorchMode::ON);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            if (!torchControlSupported) {
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED, returnStatus);
-            } else {
-                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus == Status::OK ||
-                            returnStatus == Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED);
-                if (returnStatus == Status::OK) {
-                    {
-                        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mTorchLock);
-                        while (TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE == mTorchStatus) {
-                            auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
-                                    std::chrono::seconds(kTorchTimeoutSec);
-                            ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
-                                    mTorchCond.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                mTorchStatus = TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE;
+                returnStatus = device1->setTorchMode(TorchMode::ON);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                if (!torchControlSupported) {
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED, returnStatus);
+                } else {
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus == Status::OK ||
+                                returnStatus == Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+                    if (returnStatus == Status::OK) {
+                        {
+                            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mTorchLock);
+                            while (TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE == mTorchStatus) {
+                                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                        std::chrono::seconds(kTorchTimeoutSec);
+                                ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
+                                        mTorchCond.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                            }
+                            ASSERT_EQ(TorchModeStatus::AVAILABLE_ON,
+                                    mTorchStatus);
+                            mTorchStatus = TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE;
                         }
-                        ASSERT_EQ(TorchModeStatus::AVAILABLE_ON, mTorchStatus);
-                        mTorchStatus = TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE;
-                    }
 
-                    returnStatus = device1->setTorchMode(TorchMode::OFF);
-                    ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                        returnStatus = device1->setTorchMode(TorchMode::OFF);
+                        ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
 
-                    {
-                        std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mTorchLock);
-                        while (TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE == mTorchStatus) {
-                            auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
-                                    std::chrono::seconds(kTorchTimeoutSec);
-                            ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
-                                    mTorchCond.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                        {
+                            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mTorchLock);
+                            while (TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE == mTorchStatus) {
+                                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                        std::chrono::seconds(kTorchTimeoutSec);
+                                ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
+                                        mTorchCond.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                            }
+                            ASSERT_EQ(TorchModeStatus::AVAILABLE_OFF,
+                                    mTorchStatus);
                         }
-                        ASSERT_EQ(TorchModeStatus::AVAILABLE_OFF, mTorchStatus);
                     }
                 }
+                ret = device1->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
             }
-            ret = device1->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
         }
-    }
 
-    returnStatus = env->mProvider->setCallback(nullptr);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+        returnStatus = provider.second->setCallback(nullptr);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+    }
 }
 
 // Check dump functionality.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, dumpState) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    Return<void> ret;
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        Return<void> ret;
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> device3_2;
-            ALOGI("dumpState: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
-                    device3_2 = device;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                ::android::sp<ICameraDevice> device3_2;
+                ALOGI("dumpState: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+                        device3_2 = device;
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            native_handle_t* raw_handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
-            raw_handle->data[0] = open(kDumpOutput, O_RDWR);
-            ASSERT_GE(raw_handle->data[0], 0);
-            hidl_handle handle = raw_handle;
-            ret= device3_2->dumpState(handle);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-            close(raw_handle->data[0]);
-            native_handle_delete(raw_handle);
-        } else if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            ALOGI("dumpState: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
-                    device1 = device;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                native_handle_t* raw_handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+                raw_handle->data[0] = open(kDumpOutput, O_RDWR);
+                ASSERT_GE(raw_handle->data[0], 0);
+                hidl_handle handle = raw_handle;
+                ret= device3_2->dumpState(handle);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                close(raw_handle->data[0]);
+                native_handle_delete(raw_handle);
+            } else if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                ALOGI("dumpState: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+                        device1 = device;
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            native_handle_t* raw_handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
-            raw_handle->data[0] = open(kDumpOutput, O_RDWR);
-            ASSERT_GE(raw_handle->data[0], 0);
-            hidl_handle handle = raw_handle;
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->dumpState(handle);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-            close(raw_handle->data[0]);
-            native_handle_delete(raw_handle);
+                native_handle_t* raw_handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+                raw_handle->data[0] = open(kDumpOutput, O_RDWR);
+                ASSERT_GE(raw_handle->data[0], 0);
+                hidl_handle handle = raw_handle;
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->dumpState(handle);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                close(raw_handle->data[0]);
+                native_handle_delete(raw_handle);
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Open, dumpStates, then close
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, openClose) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    Return<void> ret;
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        Return<void> ret;
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> device3_2;
-            ALOGI("openClose: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
-                    device3_2 = device;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> device3_2;
+                ALOGI("openClose: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+                        device3_2 = device;
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            sp<EmptyDeviceCb> cb = new EmptyDeviceCb;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            ret = device3_2->open(
-                cb,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& newSession) {
-                    ALOGI("device::open returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(newSession, nullptr);
-                    session = newSession;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                sp<EmptyDeviceCb> cb = new EmptyDeviceCb;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                ret = device3_2->open(
+                    cb,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& newSession) {
+                        ALOGI("device::open returns status:%d", (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(newSession, nullptr);
+                        session = newSession;
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            native_handle_t* raw_handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
-            raw_handle->data[0] = open(kDumpOutput, O_RDWR);
-            ASSERT_GE(raw_handle->data[0], 0);
-            hidl_handle handle = raw_handle;
-            ret = device3_2->dumpState(handle);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-            close(raw_handle->data[0]);
-            native_handle_delete(raw_handle);
+                native_handle_t* raw_handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+                raw_handle->data[0] = open(kDumpOutput, O_RDWR);
+                ASSERT_GE(raw_handle->data[0], 0);
+                hidl_handle handle = raw_handle;
+                ret = device3_2->dumpState(handle);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                close(raw_handle->data[0]);
+                native_handle_delete(raw_handle);
 
-            ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-            // TODO: test all session API calls return INTERNAL_ERROR after close
-            // TODO: keep a wp copy here and verify session cannot be promoted out of this scope
-        } else if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
-            sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
-            openCameraDevice(name, env, &device1 /*out*/);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
+                ret = session->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                // TODO: test all session API calls return INTERNAL_ERROR after close
+                // TODO: keep a wp copy here and verify session cannot be promoted out of this scope
+            } else if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0) {
+                sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> device1;
+                openCameraDevice(name, provider.second, &device1 /*out*/);
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device1.get());
 
-            native_handle_t* raw_handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
-            raw_handle->data[0] = open(kDumpOutput, O_RDWR);
-            ASSERT_GE(raw_handle->data[0], 0);
-            hidl_handle handle = raw_handle;
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->dumpState(handle);
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-            close(raw_handle->data[0]);
-            native_handle_delete(raw_handle);
+                native_handle_t* raw_handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+                raw_handle->data[0] = open(kDumpOutput, O_RDWR);
+                ASSERT_GE(raw_handle->data[0], 0);
+                hidl_handle handle = raw_handle;
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = device1->dumpState(handle);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                close(raw_handle->data[0]);
+                native_handle_delete(raw_handle);
 
-            ret = device1->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ret = device1->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -1949,71 +2335,81 @@
 // Check whether all common default request settings can be sucessfully
 // constructed.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, constructDefaultRequestSettings) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> device3_2;
-            Return<void> ret;
-            ALOGI("constructDefaultRequestSettings: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
-            ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
-                name,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
-                    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
-                    device3_2 = device;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-
-            sp<EmptyDeviceCb> cb = new EmptyDeviceCb;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            ret = device3_2->open(
-                cb,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& newSession) {
-                    ALOGI("device::open returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(newSession, nullptr);
-                    session = newSession;
-                });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-
-            for (uint32_t t = (uint32_t) RequestTemplate::PREVIEW;
-                    t <= (uint32_t) RequestTemplate::MANUAL; t++) {
-                RequestTemplate reqTemplate = (RequestTemplate) t;
-                ret = session->constructDefaultRequestSettings(
-                    reqTemplate,
-                    [&](auto status, const auto& req) {
-                        ALOGI("constructDefaultRequestSettings returns status:%d", (int)status);
-                        if (reqTemplate == RequestTemplate::ZERO_SHUTTER_LAG ||
-                                reqTemplate == RequestTemplate::MANUAL) {
-                            // optional templates
-                            ASSERT_TRUE(status == Status::OK || status == Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
-                        } else {
-                            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                        }
-
-                        if (status == Status::OK) {
-                            const camera_metadata_t* metadata =
-                                (camera_metadata_t*) req.data();
-                            size_t expectedSize = req.size();
-                            int result = validate_camera_metadata_structure(
-                                    metadata, &expectedSize);
-                            ASSERT_TRUE(result == 0 || result == CAMERA_METADATA_VALIDATION_SHIFTED);
-                            size_t entryCount = get_camera_metadata_entry_count(metadata);
-                            // TODO: we can do better than 0 here. Need to check how many required
-                            // request keys we've defined for each template
-                            ASSERT_GT(entryCount, 0u);
-                            ALOGI("template %u metadata entry count is %zu", t, entryCount);
-                        } else {
-                            ASSERT_EQ(0u, req.size());
-                        }
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> device3_2;
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ALOGI("constructDefaultRequestSettings: Testing camera device %s",
+                      name.c_str());
+                ret = provider.second->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
+                    name,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
+                        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d",
+                              (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+                        device3_2 = device;
                     });
                 ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+                sp<EmptyDeviceCb> cb = new EmptyDeviceCb;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                ret = device3_2->open(
+                    cb,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& newSession) {
+                        ALOGI("device::open returns status:%d", (int)status);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        ASSERT_NE(newSession, nullptr);
+                        session = newSession;
+                    });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+                for (uint32_t t = (uint32_t) RequestTemplate::PREVIEW;
+                        t <= (uint32_t) RequestTemplate::MANUAL; t++) {
+                    RequestTemplate reqTemplate = (RequestTemplate) t;
+                    ret = session->constructDefaultRequestSettings(
+                        reqTemplate,
+                        [&](auto status, const auto& req) {
+                            ALOGI("constructDefaultRequestSettings returns status:%d",
+                                  (int)status);
+                            if (reqTemplate == RequestTemplate::ZERO_SHUTTER_LAG ||
+                                    reqTemplate == RequestTemplate::MANUAL) {
+                                // optional templates
+                                ASSERT_TRUE((status == Status::OK) ||
+                                        (status == Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT));
+                            } else {
+                                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                            }
+
+                            if (status == Status::OK) {
+                                const camera_metadata_t* metadata =
+                                    (camera_metadata_t*) req.data();
+                                size_t expectedSize = req.size();
+                                int result = validate_camera_metadata_structure(
+                                        metadata, &expectedSize);
+                                ASSERT_TRUE((result == 0) ||
+                                        (result == CAMERA_METADATA_VALIDATION_SHIFTED));
+                                size_t entryCount =
+                                        get_camera_metadata_entry_count(metadata);
+                                // TODO: we can do better than 0 here. Need to check how many required
+                                // request keys we've defined for each template
+                                ASSERT_GT(entryCount, 0u);
+                                ALOGI("template %u metadata entry count is %zu",
+                                      t, entryCount);
+                            } else {
+                                ASSERT_EQ(0u, req.size());
+                            }
+                        });
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                }
+                ret = session->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
             }
-            ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
         }
     }
 }
@@ -2021,104 +2417,94 @@
 // Verify that all supported stream formats and sizes can be configured
 // successfully.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, configureStreamsAvailableOutputs) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            camera_metadata_t *staticMeta;
-            Return<void> ret;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            openEmptyDeviceSession(name, env, &session /*out*/,
-                    &staticMeta /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                camera_metadata_t *staticMeta;
+                Return<void> ret;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                openEmptyDeviceSession(name, provider.second, &session /*out*/,
+                        &staticMeta /*out*/);
 
-            outputStreams.clear();
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
-                    outputStreams));
-            ASSERT_NE(0u, outputStreams.size());
+                outputStreams.clear();
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
+                        outputStreams));
+                ASSERT_NE(0u, outputStreams.size());
 
-            int32_t streamId = 0;
-            for (auto &it : outputStreams) {
-                Stream stream = {streamId, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                        static_cast<uint32_t> (it.width),
-                        static_cast<uint32_t> (it.height),
-                        static_cast<PixelFormat> (it.format), 0, 0,
-                        StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-                ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<Stream> streams = {stream};
-                StreamConfiguration config = {streams,
-                        StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
-                ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
-                        HalStreamConfiguration halConfig) {
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, s);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(1u, halConfig.streams.size());
-                    ASSERT_EQ(halConfig.streams[0].id, streamId);
-                });
+                int32_t streamId = 0;
+                for (auto &it : outputStreams) {
+                    Stream stream = {streamId, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                            static_cast<uint32_t> (it.width),
+                            static_cast<uint32_t> (it.height),
+                            static_cast<PixelFormat> (it.format), 0, 0,
+                            StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                    ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<Stream> streams = {stream};
+                    StreamConfiguration config = {streams,
+                            StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
+                    ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
+                            HalStreamConfiguration halConfig) {
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, s);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(1u, halConfig.streams.size());
+                        ASSERT_EQ(halConfig.streams[0].id, streamId);
+                    });
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                    streamId++;
+                }
+
+                free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
+                ret = session->close();
                 ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-                streamId++;
             }
-
-            free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
-            ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Check for correct handling of invalid/incorrect configuration parameters.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, configureStreamsInvalidOutputs) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            camera_metadata_t *staticMeta;
-            Return<void> ret;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            openEmptyDeviceSession(name, env, &session /*out*/,
-                    &staticMeta /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                camera_metadata_t *staticMeta;
+                Return<void> ret;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                openEmptyDeviceSession(name, provider.second, &session /*out*/,
+                        &staticMeta /*out*/);
 
-            outputStreams.clear();
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
-                    outputStreams));
-            ASSERT_NE(0u, outputStreams.size());
+                outputStreams.clear();
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
+                        outputStreams));
+                ASSERT_NE(0u, outputStreams.size());
 
-            int32_t streamId = 0;
-            Stream stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                    static_cast<uint32_t> (0),
-                    static_cast<uint32_t> (0),
-                    static_cast<PixelFormat> (outputStreams[0].format),
-                    0, 0, StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-            ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<Stream> streams = {stream};
-            StreamConfiguration config = {streams,
-                    StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
-            ret = session->configureStreams(config, [] (Status s,
-                    HalStreamConfiguration) {
-                ASSERT_TRUE((Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT == s) ||
-                            (Status::INTERNAL_ERROR == s));
-            });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                int32_t streamId = 0;
+                Stream stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                        static_cast<uint32_t> (0),
+                        static_cast<uint32_t> (0),
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat> (outputStreams[0].format),
+                        0, 0, StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<Stream> streams = {stream};
+                StreamConfiguration config = {streams,
+                        StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
+                ret = session->configureStreams(config, [] (Status s,
+                        HalStreamConfiguration) {
+                    ASSERT_TRUE((Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT == s) ||
+                                (Status::INTERNAL_ERROR == s));
+                });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                    static_cast<uint32_t> (UINT32_MAX),
-                    static_cast<uint32_t> (UINT32_MAX),
-                    static_cast<PixelFormat> (outputStreams[0].format),
-                    0, 0, StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-            streams[0] = stream;
-            config = {streams,
-                    StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
-            ret = session->configureStreams(config, [] (Status s,
-                    HalStreamConfiguration) {
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, s);
-            });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-
-            for (auto &it : outputStreams) {
                 stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                        static_cast<uint32_t> (it.width),
-                        static_cast<uint32_t> (it.height),
-                        static_cast<PixelFormat> (UINT32_MAX),
+                        static_cast<uint32_t> (UINT32_MAX),
+                        static_cast<uint32_t> (UINT32_MAX),
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat> (outputStreams[0].format),
                         0, 0, StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
                 streams[0] = stream;
                 config = {streams,
@@ -2129,24 +2515,40 @@
                 });
                 ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-                stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                        static_cast<uint32_t> (it.width),
-                        static_cast<uint32_t> (it.height),
-                        static_cast<PixelFormat> (it.format),
-                        0, 0, static_cast<StreamRotation> (UINT32_MAX)};
-                streams[0] = stream;
-                config = {streams,
-                        StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
-                ret = session->configureStreams(config, [] (Status s,
-                        HalStreamConfiguration) {
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, s);
-                });
+                for (auto &it : outputStreams) {
+                    stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                            static_cast<uint32_t> (it.width),
+                            static_cast<uint32_t> (it.height),
+                            static_cast<PixelFormat> (UINT32_MAX),
+                            0, 0, StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                    streams[0] = stream;
+                    config = {streams,
+                            StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
+                    ret = session->configureStreams(config, [] (Status s,
+                            HalStreamConfiguration) {
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, s);
+                    });
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+                    stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                            static_cast<uint32_t> (it.width),
+                            static_cast<uint32_t> (it.height),
+                            static_cast<PixelFormat> (it.format),
+                            0, 0, static_cast<StreamRotation> (UINT32_MAX)};
+                    streams[0] = stream;
+                    config = {streams,
+                            StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
+                    ret = session->configureStreams(config, [] (Status s,
+                            HalStreamConfiguration) {
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, s);
+                    });
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                }
+
+                free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
+                ret = session->close();
                 ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
             }
-
-            free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
-            ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
         }
     }
 }
@@ -2154,83 +2556,86 @@
 // Check whether all supported ZSL output stream combinations can be
 // configured successfully.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, configureStreamsZSLInputOutputs) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    std::vector<AvailableStream> inputStreams;
-    std::vector<AvailableZSLInputOutput> inputOutputMap;
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        std::vector<AvailableStream> inputStreams;
+        std::vector<AvailableZSLInputOutput> inputOutputMap;
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            camera_metadata_t *staticMeta;
-            Return<void> ret;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            openEmptyDeviceSession(name, env, &session /*out*/,
-                    &staticMeta /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                camera_metadata_t *staticMeta;
+                Return<void> ret;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                openEmptyDeviceSession(name, provider.second, &session /*out*/,
+                        &staticMeta /*out*/);
 
-            Status rc = isZSLModeAvailable(staticMeta);
-            if (Status::METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED == rc) {
-                ret = session->close();
-                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-                continue;
-            }
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+                Status rc = isZSLModeAvailable(staticMeta);
+                if (Status::METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED == rc) {
+                    ret = session->close();
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                    continue;
+                }
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
 
-            inputStreams.clear();
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
-                    inputStreams));
-            ASSERT_NE(0u, inputStreams.size());
-
-            inputOutputMap.clear();
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getZSLInputOutputMap(staticMeta,
-                    inputOutputMap));
-            ASSERT_NE(0u, inputOutputMap.size());
-
-            int32_t streamId = 0;
-            for (auto &inputIter : inputOutputMap) {
-                AvailableStream input;
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK,
-                        findLargestSize(inputStreams, inputIter.inputFormat, input));
+                inputStreams.clear();
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
+                        inputStreams));
                 ASSERT_NE(0u, inputStreams.size());
 
-                AvailableStream outputThreshold = {INT32_MAX, INT32_MAX,
-                        inputIter.outputFormat};
-                std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
-                        outputStreams, &outputThreshold));
-                for (auto &outputIter : outputStreams) {
-                    Stream zslStream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (input.width),
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (input.height),
-                            static_cast<PixelFormat> (input.format),
-                            GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_CAMERA_ZSL, 0,
-                            StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-                    Stream inputStream = {streamId++, StreamType::INPUT,
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (input.width),
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (input.height),
-                            static_cast<PixelFormat> (input.format), 0, 0,
-                            StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-                    Stream outputStream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (outputIter.width),
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (outputIter.height),
-                            static_cast<PixelFormat> (outputIter.format), 0, 0,
-                            StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                inputOutputMap.clear();
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getZSLInputOutputMap(staticMeta,
+                        inputOutputMap));
+                ASSERT_NE(0u, inputOutputMap.size());
 
-                    ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<Stream> streams = {
-                            inputStream, zslStream, outputStream};
-                    StreamConfiguration config = {streams,
-                            StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
-                    ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
-                            HalStreamConfiguration halConfig) {
-                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, s);
-                        ASSERT_EQ(3u, halConfig.streams.size());
-                    });
-                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                int32_t streamId = 0;
+                for (auto &inputIter : inputOutputMap) {
+                    AvailableStream input;
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK,
+                            findLargestSize(inputStreams, inputIter.inputFormat, input));
+                    ASSERT_NE(0u, inputStreams.size());
+
+                    AvailableStream outputThreshold = {INT32_MAX, INT32_MAX,
+                            inputIter.outputFormat};
+                    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
+                            outputStreams, &outputThreshold));
+                    for (auto &outputIter : outputStreams) {
+                        Stream zslStream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (input.width),
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (input.height),
+                                static_cast<PixelFormat> (input.format),
+                                GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_CAMERA_ZSL, 0,
+                                StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                        Stream inputStream = {streamId++, StreamType::INPUT,
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (input.width),
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (input.height),
+                                static_cast<PixelFormat> (input.format), 0, 0,
+                                StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                        Stream outputStream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (outputIter.width),
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (outputIter.height),
+                                static_cast<PixelFormat> (outputIter.format), 0, 0,
+                                StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+
+                        ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<Stream> streams = {
+                                inputStream, zslStream, outputStream};
+                        StreamConfiguration config = {streams,
+                                StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
+                        ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
+                                HalStreamConfiguration halConfig) {
+                            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, s);
+                            ASSERT_EQ(3u, halConfig.streams.size());
+                        });
+                        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                    }
                 }
-            }
 
-            free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
-            ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
+                ret = session->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -2238,62 +2643,65 @@
 // Verify that all supported preview + still capture stream combinations
 // can be configured successfully.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, configureStreamsPreviewStillOutputs) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputBlobStreams;
-    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
-    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
-            static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
-    AvailableStream blobThreshold = {INT32_MAX, INT32_MAX,
-            static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::BLOB)};
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        std::vector<AvailableStream> outputBlobStreams;
+        std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+        AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+        AvailableStream blobThreshold = {INT32_MAX, INT32_MAX,
+                static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::BLOB)};
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            camera_metadata_t *staticMeta;
-            Return<void> ret;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            openEmptyDeviceSession(name, env, &session /*out*/,
-                    &staticMeta /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                camera_metadata_t *staticMeta;
+                Return<void> ret;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                openEmptyDeviceSession(name, provider.second, &session /*out*/,
+                        &staticMeta /*out*/);
 
-            outputBlobStreams.clear();
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
-                    outputBlobStreams, &blobThreshold));
-            ASSERT_NE(0u, outputBlobStreams.size());
+                outputBlobStreams.clear();
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
+                        outputBlobStreams, &blobThreshold));
+                ASSERT_NE(0u, outputBlobStreams.size());
 
-            outputPreviewStreams.clear();
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
-                    outputPreviewStreams, &previewThreshold));
-            ASSERT_NE(0u, outputPreviewStreams.size());
+                outputPreviewStreams.clear();
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
+                        outputPreviewStreams, &previewThreshold));
+                ASSERT_NE(0u, outputPreviewStreams.size());
 
-            int32_t streamId = 0;
-            for (auto &blobIter : outputBlobStreams) {
-                for (auto &previewIter : outputPreviewStreams) {
-                    Stream previewStream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (previewIter.width),
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (previewIter.height),
-                            static_cast<PixelFormat> (previewIter.format), 0, 0,
-                            StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-                    Stream blobStream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (blobIter.width),
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (blobIter.height),
-                            static_cast<PixelFormat> (blobIter.format), 0, 0,
-                            StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-                    ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<Stream> streams = {
-                            previewStream, blobStream};
-                    StreamConfiguration config = {streams,
-                            StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
-                    ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
-                            HalStreamConfiguration halConfig) {
-                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, s);
-                        ASSERT_EQ(2u, halConfig.streams.size());
-                    });
-                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                int32_t streamId = 0;
+                for (auto &blobIter : outputBlobStreams) {
+                    for (auto &previewIter : outputPreviewStreams) {
+                        Stream previewStream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (previewIter.width),
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (previewIter.height),
+                                static_cast<PixelFormat> (previewIter.format), 0, 0,
+                                StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                        Stream blobStream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (blobIter.width),
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (blobIter.height),
+                                static_cast<PixelFormat> (blobIter.format), 0, 0,
+                                StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                        ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<Stream> streams = {
+                                previewStream, blobStream};
+                        StreamConfiguration config = {streams,
+                                StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
+                        ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
+                                HalStreamConfiguration halConfig) {
+                            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, s);
+                            ASSERT_EQ(2u, halConfig.streams.size());
+                        });
+                        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                    }
                 }
-            }
 
-            free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
-            ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
+                ret = session->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -2302,92 +2710,95 @@
 // configured. Additionally check for common invalid inputs when
 // using this mode.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, configureStreamsConstrainedOutputs) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            camera_metadata_t *staticMeta;
-            Return<void> ret;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            openEmptyDeviceSession(name, env, &session /*out*/,
-                    &staticMeta /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                camera_metadata_t *staticMeta;
+                Return<void> ret;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                openEmptyDeviceSession(name, provider.second, &session /*out*/,
+                        &staticMeta /*out*/);
 
-            Status rc = isConstrainedModeAvailable(staticMeta);
-            if (Status::METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED == rc) {
+                Status rc = isConstrainedModeAvailable(staticMeta);
+                if (Status::METHOD_NOT_SUPPORTED == rc) {
+                    ret = session->close();
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                    continue;
+                }
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+
+                AvailableStream hfrStream;
+                rc = pickConstrainedModeSize(staticMeta, hfrStream);
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+
+                int32_t streamId = 0;
+                Stream stream = {streamId, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                        static_cast<uint32_t> (hfrStream.width),
+                        static_cast<uint32_t> (hfrStream.height),
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat> (hfrStream.format), 0, 0,
+                        StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<Stream> streams = {stream};
+                StreamConfiguration config = {streams,
+                        StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE};
+                ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
+                        HalStreamConfiguration halConfig) {
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, s);
+                    ASSERT_EQ(1u, halConfig.streams.size());
+                    ASSERT_EQ(halConfig.streams[0].id, streamId);
+                });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+                stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                        static_cast<uint32_t> (0),
+                        static_cast<uint32_t> (0),
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat> (hfrStream.format), 0, 0,
+                        StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                streams[0] = stream;
+                config = {streams,
+                        StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE};
+                ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
+                        HalStreamConfiguration) {
+                    ASSERT_TRUE((Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT == s) ||
+                                (Status::INTERNAL_ERROR == s));
+                });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+                stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                        static_cast<uint32_t> (UINT32_MAX),
+                        static_cast<uint32_t> (UINT32_MAX),
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat> (hfrStream.format), 0, 0,
+                        StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                streams[0] = stream;
+                config = {streams,
+                        StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE};
+                ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
+                        HalStreamConfiguration) {
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, s);
+                });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+                stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                        static_cast<uint32_t> (hfrStream.width),
+                        static_cast<uint32_t> (hfrStream.height),
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat> (UINT32_MAX), 0, 0,
+                        StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                streams[0] = stream;
+                config = {streams,
+                        StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE};
+                ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
+                        HalStreamConfiguration) {
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, s);
+                });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+                free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
                 ret = session->close();
                 ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-                continue;
             }
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
-
-            AvailableStream hfrStream;
-            rc = pickConstrainedModeSize(staticMeta, hfrStream);
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
-
-            int32_t streamId = 0;
-            Stream stream = {streamId, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                    static_cast<uint32_t> (hfrStream.width),
-                    static_cast<uint32_t> (hfrStream.height),
-                    static_cast<PixelFormat> (hfrStream.format), 0, 0,
-                    StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-            ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<Stream> streams = {stream};
-            StreamConfiguration config = {streams,
-                    StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE};
-            ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
-                    HalStreamConfiguration halConfig) {
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, s);
-                ASSERT_EQ(1u, halConfig.streams.size());
-                ASSERT_EQ(halConfig.streams[0].id, streamId);
-            });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-
-            stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                    static_cast<uint32_t> (0),
-                    static_cast<uint32_t> (0),
-                    static_cast<PixelFormat> (hfrStream.format), 0, 0,
-                    StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-            streams[0] = stream;
-            config = {streams,
-                    StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE};
-            ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
-                    HalStreamConfiguration) {
-                ASSERT_TRUE((Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT == s) ||
-                            (Status::INTERNAL_ERROR == s));
-            });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-
-            stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                    static_cast<uint32_t> (UINT32_MAX),
-                    static_cast<uint32_t> (UINT32_MAX),
-                    static_cast<PixelFormat> (hfrStream.format), 0, 0,
-                    StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-            streams[0] = stream;
-            config = {streams,
-                    StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE};
-            ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
-                    HalStreamConfiguration) {
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, s);
-            });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-
-            stream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                    static_cast<uint32_t> (hfrStream.width),
-                    static_cast<uint32_t> (hfrStream.height),
-                    static_cast<PixelFormat> (UINT32_MAX), 0, 0,
-                    StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-            streams[0] = stream;
-            config = {streams,
-                    StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE};
-            ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
-                    HalStreamConfiguration) {
-                ASSERT_EQ(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, s);
-            });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-
-            free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
-            ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
         }
     }
 }
@@ -2395,176 +2806,215 @@
 // Verify that all supported video + snapshot stream combinations can
 // be configured successfully.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, configureStreamsVideoStillOutputs) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputBlobStreams;
-    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputVideoStreams;
-    AvailableStream videoThreshold = {kMaxVideoWidth, kMaxVideoHeight,
-            static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
-    AvailableStream blobThreshold = {kMaxVideoWidth, kMaxVideoHeight,
-            static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::BLOB)};
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        std::vector<AvailableStream> outputBlobStreams;
+        std::vector<AvailableStream> outputVideoStreams;
+        AvailableStream videoThreshold = {kMaxVideoWidth, kMaxVideoHeight,
+                static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+        AvailableStream blobThreshold = {kMaxVideoWidth, kMaxVideoHeight,
+                static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::BLOB)};
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            camera_metadata_t *staticMeta;
-            Return<void> ret;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            openEmptyDeviceSession(name, env, &session /*out*/,
-                    &staticMeta /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                camera_metadata_t *staticMeta;
+                Return<void> ret;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                openEmptyDeviceSession(name, provider.second, &session /*out*/,
+                        &staticMeta /*out*/);
 
-            outputBlobStreams.clear();
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
-                    outputBlobStreams, &blobThreshold));
-            ASSERT_NE(0u, outputBlobStreams.size());
+                outputBlobStreams.clear();
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
+                        outputBlobStreams, &blobThreshold));
+                ASSERT_NE(0u, outputBlobStreams.size());
 
-            outputVideoStreams.clear();
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
-                    outputVideoStreams, &videoThreshold));
-            ASSERT_NE(0u, outputVideoStreams.size());
+                outputVideoStreams.clear();
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
+                        outputVideoStreams, &videoThreshold));
+                ASSERT_NE(0u, outputVideoStreams.size());
 
-            int32_t streamId = 0;
-            for (auto &blobIter : outputBlobStreams) {
-                for (auto &videoIter : outputVideoStreams) {
-                    Stream videoStream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (videoIter.width),
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (videoIter.height),
-                            static_cast<PixelFormat> (videoIter.format), 0, 0,
-                            StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-                    Stream blobStream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (blobIter.width),
-                            static_cast<uint32_t> (blobIter.height),
-                            static_cast<PixelFormat> (blobIter.format),
-                            GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER, 0,
-                            StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
-                    ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<Stream> streams = {
-                            videoStream, blobStream};
-                    StreamConfiguration config = {streams,
-                            StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
-                    ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (Status s,
-                            HalStreamConfiguration halConfig) {
-                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, s);
-                        ASSERT_EQ(2u, halConfig.streams.size());
-                    });
-                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                int32_t streamId = 0;
+                for (auto &blobIter : outputBlobStreams) {
+                    for (auto &videoIter : outputVideoStreams) {
+                        Stream videoStream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (videoIter.width),
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (videoIter.height),
+                                static_cast<PixelFormat> (videoIter.format),
+                                0, 0, StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                        Stream blobStream = {streamId++, StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (blobIter.width),
+                                static_cast<uint32_t> (blobIter.height),
+                                static_cast<PixelFormat> (blobIter.format),
+                                GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_VIDEO_ENCODER, 0,
+                                StreamRotation::ROTATION_0};
+                        ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<Stream> streams = {
+                                videoStream, blobStream};
+                        StreamConfiguration config = {streams,
+                                StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE};
+                        ret = session->configureStreams(config, [streamId] (
+                                Status s, HalStreamConfiguration halConfig) {
+                            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, s);
+                            ASSERT_EQ(2u, halConfig.streams.size());
+                        });
+                        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                    }
                 }
-            }
 
-            free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
-            ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
+                ret = session->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Generate and verify a camera capture request
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, processCaptureRequestPreview) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
-            static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
-    uint64_t bufferId = 1;
-    uint32_t frameNumber = 1;
-    ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> settings;
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+        uint64_t bufferId = 1;
+        uint32_t frameNumber = 1;
+        ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> settings;
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            Stream previewStream;
-            HalStreamConfiguration halStreamConfig;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            configurePreviewStream(name, env, &previewThreshold,
-                    &session /*out*/, &previewStream /*out*/,
-                    &halStreamConfig /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                Stream previewStream;
+                HalStreamConfiguration halStreamConfig;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+                uint32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+                configurePreviewStream(name, provider.second, &previewThreshold,
+                        &session /*out*/, &previewStream /*out*/,
+                        &halStreamConfig /*out*/, &supportsPartialResults /*out*/,
+                        &partialResultCount/*out*/);
 
-            RequestTemplate reqTemplate = RequestTemplate::PREVIEW;
-            Return<void> ret;
-            ret = session->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& req) {
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    settings = req; });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-
-            sp<GraphicBuffer> gb = new GraphicBuffer(
-                previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
-                static_cast<int32_t>(halStreamConfig.streams[0].overrideFormat),
-                1, android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
-                       halStreamConfig.streams[0].producerUsage,
-                       halStreamConfig.streams[0].consumerUsage));
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, gb.get());
-            StreamBuffer outputBuffer = {halStreamConfig.streams[0].id,
-                    bufferId, hidl_handle(gb->getNativeBuffer()->handle),
-                    BufferStatus::OK, nullptr, nullptr};
-            ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<StreamBuffer> outputBuffers = {
-                    outputBuffer};
-            StreamBuffer emptyInputBuffer = {-1, 0, nullptr,
-                    BufferStatus::ERROR, nullptr, nullptr};
-            CaptureRequest request = {frameNumber, 0 /* fmqSettingsSize */, settings,
-                    emptyInputBuffer, outputBuffers};
-
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                mResultBuffers.clear();
-                mResultFrameNumber = frameNumber;
-            }
-
-            Status status = Status::INTERNAL_ERROR;
-            uint32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
-            hidl_vec<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
-            Return<void> returnStatus = session->processCaptureRequest(
-                    {request},
-                    cachesToRemove,
-                    [&status, &numRequestProcessed] (auto s, uint32_t n) {
-                        status = s;
-                        numRequestProcessed = n;
+                std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> resultQueue;
+                auto resultQueueRet = session->getCaptureResultMetadataQueue(
+                    [&resultQueue](const auto& descriptor) {
+                        resultQueue = std::make_shared<ResultMetadataQueue>(
+                                descriptor);
+                        if (!resultQueue->isValid() ||
+                                resultQueue->availableToWrite() <= 0) {
+                            ALOGE("%s: HAL returns empty result metadata fmq,"
+                                    " not use it", __func__);
+                            resultQueue = nullptr;
+                            // Don't use the queue onwards.
+                        }
                     });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-            ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(resultQueueRet.isOk());
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, resultQueue);
 
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                while (0 == mResultBuffers.size()) {
-                    auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
-                            std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
-                    ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
-                            mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                InFlightRequest inflightReq = {1, false, supportsPartialResults,
+                        partialResultCount, resultQueue};
+
+                RequestTemplate reqTemplate = RequestTemplate::PREVIEW;
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ret = session->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& req) {
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        settings = req; });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+                sp<GraphicBuffer> gb = new GraphicBuffer(
+                    previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
+                    static_cast<int32_t>(halStreamConfig.streams[0].overrideFormat),
+                    1, android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                           halStreamConfig.streams[0].producerUsage,
+                           halStreamConfig.streams[0].consumerUsage));
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, gb.get());
+                StreamBuffer outputBuffer = {halStreamConfig.streams[0].id,
+                        bufferId, hidl_handle(gb->getNativeBuffer()->handle),
+                        BufferStatus::OK, nullptr, nullptr};
+                ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<StreamBuffer> outputBuffers = {
+                        outputBuffer};
+                StreamBuffer emptyInputBuffer = {-1, 0, nullptr,
+                        BufferStatus::ERROR, nullptr, nullptr};
+                CaptureRequest request = {frameNumber, 0 /* fmqSettingsSize */,
+                        settings, emptyInputBuffer, outputBuffers};
+
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    mInflightMap.clear();
+                    mInflightMap.add(frameNumber, &inflightReq);
                 }
 
-                ASSERT_EQ(BufferStatus::OK, mResultBuffers[0].status);
-                ASSERT_EQ(previewStream.id, mResultBuffers[0].streamId);
+                Status status = Status::INTERNAL_ERROR;
+                uint32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+                hidl_vec<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+                Return<void> returnStatus = session->processCaptureRequest(
+                        {request},
+                        cachesToRemove,
+                        [&status, &numRequestProcessed] (auto s, uint32_t n) {
+                            status = s;
+                            numRequestProcessed = n;
+                        });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
 
-                request.frameNumber++;
-                //Empty settings should be supported after the first call
-                //for repeating requests.
-                request.settings.setToExternal(nullptr, 0, true);
-                mResultBuffers.clear();
-                mResultFrameNumber++;
-            }
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    while (!inflightReq.errorCodeValid &&
+                            ((0 < inflightReq.numBuffersLeft) ||
+                                    (!inflightReq.haveResultMetadata))) {
+                        auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                        ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
+                                mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                    }
 
-            returnStatus = session->processCaptureRequest(
-                    {request},
-                    cachesToRemove,
-                    [&status, &numRequestProcessed] (auto s, uint32_t n) {
-                        status = s;
-                        numRequestProcessed = n;
-                    });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-            ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+                    ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReq.errorCodeValid);
+                    ASSERT_NE(inflightReq.resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+                    ASSERT_EQ(previewStream.id,
+                              inflightReq.resultOutputBuffers[0].streamId);
 
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                while (0 == mResultBuffers.size()) {
-                    auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
-                            std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
-                    ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
-                            mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                    request.frameNumber++;
+                    //Empty settings should be supported after the first call
+                    //for repeating requests.
+                    request.settings.setToExternal(nullptr, 0, true);
+                    mInflightMap.clear();
+                    inflightReq = {1, false, supportsPartialResults,
+                                        partialResultCount, resultQueue};
+                    mInflightMap.add(request.frameNumber, &inflightReq);
                 }
-                ASSERT_EQ(BufferStatus::OK, mResultBuffers[0].status);
-                ASSERT_EQ(previewStream.id, mResultBuffers[0].streamId);
-            }
 
-            ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                returnStatus = session->processCaptureRequest(
+                        {request},
+                        cachesToRemove,
+                        [&status, &numRequestProcessed] (auto s, uint32_t n) {
+                            status = s;
+                            numRequestProcessed = n;
+                        });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    while (!inflightReq.errorCodeValid &&
+                            ((0 < inflightReq.numBuffersLeft) ||
+                                    (!inflightReq.haveResultMetadata))) {
+                        auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                        ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
+                                mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                    }
+
+                    ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReq.errorCodeValid);
+                    ASSERT_NE(inflightReq.resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+                    ASSERT_EQ(previewStream.id,
+                              inflightReq.resultOutputBuffers[0].streamId);
+                }
+
+                ret = session->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -2572,58 +3022,64 @@
 // Test whether an incorrect capture request with missing settings will
 // be reported correctly.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, processCaptureRequestInvalidSinglePreview) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
-    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
-            static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
-    uint64_t bufferId = 1;
-    uint32_t frameNumber = 1;
-    ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> settings;
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+        AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+        uint64_t bufferId = 1;
+        uint32_t frameNumber = 1;
+        ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> settings;
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            Stream previewStream;
-            HalStreamConfiguration halStreamConfig;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            configurePreviewStream(name, env, &previewThreshold,
-                    &session /*out*/, &previewStream /*out*/,
-                    &halStreamConfig /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                Stream previewStream;
+                HalStreamConfiguration halStreamConfig;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+                uint32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+                configurePreviewStream(name, provider.second, &previewThreshold,
+                        &session /*out*/, &previewStream /*out*/,
+                        &halStreamConfig /*out*/, &supportsPartialResults /*out*/,
+                        &partialResultCount /*out*/);
 
-            sp<GraphicBuffer> gb = new GraphicBuffer(
-                previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
-                static_cast<int32_t>(halStreamConfig.streams[0].overrideFormat),
-                1, android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
-                       halStreamConfig.streams[0].producerUsage,
-                       halStreamConfig.streams[0].consumerUsage));
+                sp<GraphicBuffer> gb = new GraphicBuffer(
+                    previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
+                    static_cast<int32_t>(halStreamConfig.streams[0].overrideFormat),
+                    1, android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                           halStreamConfig.streams[0].producerUsage,
+                           halStreamConfig.streams[0].consumerUsage));
 
-            StreamBuffer outputBuffer = {halStreamConfig.streams[0].id,
-                    bufferId, hidl_handle(gb->getNativeBuffer()->handle),
-                    BufferStatus::OK, nullptr, nullptr};
-            ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<StreamBuffer> outputBuffers = {
-                    outputBuffer};
-            StreamBuffer emptyInputBuffer = {-1, 0, nullptr,
-                    BufferStatus::ERROR, nullptr, nullptr};
-            CaptureRequest request = {frameNumber, 0 /* fmqSettingsSize */, settings,
-                    emptyInputBuffer, outputBuffers};
+                StreamBuffer outputBuffer = {halStreamConfig.streams[0].id,
+                        bufferId, hidl_handle(gb->getNativeBuffer()->handle),
+                        BufferStatus::OK, nullptr, nullptr};
+                ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<StreamBuffer> outputBuffers = {
+                        outputBuffer};
+                StreamBuffer emptyInputBuffer = {-1, 0, nullptr,
+                        BufferStatus::ERROR, nullptr, nullptr};
+                CaptureRequest request = {frameNumber, 0 /* fmqSettingsSize */, settings,
+                        emptyInputBuffer, outputBuffers};
 
-            //Settings were not correctly initialized, we should fail here
-            Status status = Status::OK;
-            uint32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
-            hidl_vec<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
-            Return<void> ret = session->processCaptureRequest(
-                    {request},
-                    cachesToRemove,
-                    [&status, &numRequestProcessed] (auto s, uint32_t n) {
-                        status = s;
-                        numRequestProcessed = n;
-                    });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::INTERNAL_ERROR, status);
-            ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 0u);
+                //Settings were not correctly initialized, we should fail here
+                Status status = Status::OK;
+                uint32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+                hidl_vec<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+                Return<void> ret = session->processCaptureRequest(
+                        {request},
+                        cachesToRemove,
+                        [&status, &numRequestProcessed] (auto s, uint32_t n) {
+                            status = s;
+                            numRequestProcessed = n;
+                        });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::INTERNAL_ERROR, status);
+                ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 0u);
 
-            ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ret = session->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -2631,207 +3087,231 @@
 // Check whether an invalid capture request with missing output buffers
 // will be reported correctly.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, processCaptureRequestInvalidBuffer) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputBlobStreams;
-    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
-            static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
-    uint32_t frameNumber = 1;
-    ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> settings;
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        std::vector<AvailableStream> outputBlobStreams;
+        AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+        uint32_t frameNumber = 1;
+        ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> settings;
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            Stream previewStream;
-            HalStreamConfiguration halStreamConfig;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            configurePreviewStream(name, env, &previewThreshold,
-                    &session /*out*/, &previewStream /*out*/,
-                    &halStreamConfig /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                Stream previewStream;
+                HalStreamConfiguration halStreamConfig;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+                uint32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+                configurePreviewStream(name, provider.second, &previewThreshold,
+                        &session /*out*/, &previewStream /*out*/,
+                        &halStreamConfig /*out*/, &supportsPartialResults/*out*/,
+                        &partialResultCount /*out*/);
 
-            RequestTemplate reqTemplate = RequestTemplate::PREVIEW;
-            Return<void> ret;
-            ret = session->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& req) {
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    settings = req; });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                RequestTemplate reqTemplate = RequestTemplate::PREVIEW;
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ret = session->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& req) {
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        settings = req; });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<StreamBuffer> emptyOutputBuffers;
-            StreamBuffer emptyInputBuffer = {-1, 0, nullptr,
-                    BufferStatus::ERROR, nullptr, nullptr};
-            CaptureRequest request = {frameNumber, 0/* fmqSettingsSize */, settings,
-                    emptyInputBuffer, emptyOutputBuffers};
+                ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<StreamBuffer> emptyOutputBuffers;
+                StreamBuffer emptyInputBuffer = {-1, 0, nullptr,
+                        BufferStatus::ERROR, nullptr, nullptr};
+                CaptureRequest request = {frameNumber, 0/* fmqSettingsSize */,
+                        settings, emptyInputBuffer, emptyOutputBuffers};
 
-            //Output buffers are missing, we should fail here
-            Status status = Status::OK;
-            uint32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
-            hidl_vec<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
-            ret = session->processCaptureRequest(
-                    {request},
-                    cachesToRemove,
-                    [&status, &numRequestProcessed] (auto s, uint32_t n) {
-                        status = s;
-                        numRequestProcessed = n;
-                    });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::INTERNAL_ERROR, status);
-            ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 0u);
+                //Output buffers are missing, we should fail here
+                Status status = Status::OK;
+                uint32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+                hidl_vec<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+                ret = session->processCaptureRequest(
+                        {request},
+                        cachesToRemove,
+                        [&status, &numRequestProcessed] (auto s, uint32_t n) {
+                            status = s;
+                            numRequestProcessed = n;
+                        });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::INTERNAL_ERROR, status);
+                ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 0u);
 
-            ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ret = session->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Generate, trigger and flush a preview request
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, flushPreviewRequest) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
-    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
-            static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
-    uint64_t bufferId = 1;
-    uint32_t frameNumber = 1;
-    ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> settings;
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+        AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+        uint64_t bufferId = 1;
+        uint32_t frameNumber = 1;
+        ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> settings;
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            Stream previewStream;
-            HalStreamConfiguration halStreamConfig;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            configurePreviewStream(name, env, &previewThreshold,
-                    &session /*out*/, &previewStream /*out*/,
-                    &halStreamConfig /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                Stream previewStream;
+                HalStreamConfiguration halStreamConfig;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+                uint32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+                configurePreviewStream(name, provider.second, &previewThreshold,
+                        &session /*out*/, &previewStream /*out*/,
+                        &halStreamConfig /*out*/, &supportsPartialResults /*out*/,
+                        &partialResultCount /*out*/);
 
-            RequestTemplate reqTemplate = RequestTemplate::PREVIEW;
-            Return<void> ret;
-            ret = session->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate,
-                [&](auto status, const auto& req) {
-                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    settings = req; });
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-
-            sp<GraphicBuffer> gb = new GraphicBuffer(
-                previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
-                static_cast<int32_t>(halStreamConfig.streams[0].overrideFormat),
-                1, android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
-                       halStreamConfig.streams[0].producerUsage,
-                       halStreamConfig.streams[0].consumerUsage));
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, gb.get());
-            StreamBuffer outputBuffer = {halStreamConfig.streams[0].id,
-                    bufferId, hidl_handle(gb->getNativeBuffer()->handle),
-                    BufferStatus::OK, nullptr, nullptr};
-            ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<StreamBuffer> outputBuffers = {
-                    outputBuffer};
-            const StreamBuffer emptyInputBuffer = {-1, 0, nullptr,
-                    BufferStatus::ERROR, nullptr, nullptr};
-            CaptureRequest request = {frameNumber, 0 /* fmqSettingsSize */, settings,
-                    emptyInputBuffer, outputBuffers};
-
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                mResultBuffers.clear();
-                mErrors.clear();
-                mResultFrameNumber = frameNumber;
-            }
-
-            Status status = Status::INTERNAL_ERROR;
-            uint32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
-            hidl_vec<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
-            ret = session->processCaptureRequest(
-                    {request},
-                    cachesToRemove,
-                    [&status, &numRequestProcessed] (auto s, uint32_t n) {
-                        status = s;
-                        numRequestProcessed = n;
+                std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> resultQueue;
+                auto resultQueueRet = session->getCaptureResultMetadataQueue(
+                    [&resultQueue](const auto& descriptor) {
+                        resultQueue = std::make_shared<ResultMetadataQueue>(
+                                descriptor);
+                        if (!resultQueue->isValid() ||
+                                resultQueue->availableToWrite() <= 0) {
+                            ALOGE("%s: HAL returns empty result metadata fmq,"
+                                    " not use it", __func__);
+                            resultQueue = nullptr;
+                            // Don't use the queue onwards.
+                        }
                     });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(resultQueueRet.isOk());
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, resultQueue);
 
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-            ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
-            //Flush before waiting for request to complete.
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = session->flush();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+                InFlightRequest inflightReq = {1, false, supportsPartialResults,
+                        partialResultCount, resultQueue};
+                RequestTemplate reqTemplate = RequestTemplate::PREVIEW;
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ret = session->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate,
+                    [&](auto status, const auto& req) {
+                        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                        settings = req; });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                while ((0 == mResultBuffers.size()) && (0 == mErrors.size())) {
-                    auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
-                            std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
-                    ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
-                            mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                sp<GraphicBuffer> gb = new GraphicBuffer(
+                    previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
+                    static_cast<int32_t>(halStreamConfig.streams[0].overrideFormat),
+                    1, android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                           halStreamConfig.streams[0].producerUsage,
+                           halStreamConfig.streams[0].consumerUsage));
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, gb.get());
+                StreamBuffer outputBuffer = {halStreamConfig.streams[0].id,
+                        bufferId, hidl_handle(gb->getNativeBuffer()->handle),
+                        BufferStatus::OK, nullptr, nullptr};
+                ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<StreamBuffer> outputBuffers = {
+                        outputBuffer};
+                const StreamBuffer emptyInputBuffer = {-1, 0, nullptr,
+                        BufferStatus::ERROR, nullptr, nullptr};
+                CaptureRequest request = {frameNumber, 0 /* fmqSettingsSize */,
+                        settings, emptyInputBuffer, outputBuffers};
+
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    mInflightMap.clear();
+                    mInflightMap.add(frameNumber, &inflightReq);
                 }
 
-                if (mErrors.empty()) {
-                    ASSERT_EQ(BufferStatus::OK, mResultBuffers[0].status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(previewStream.id, mResultBuffers[0].streamId);
-                } else {
-                    for (auto &error : mErrors) {
-                        switch (error.errorCode) {
+                Status status = Status::INTERNAL_ERROR;
+                uint32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+                hidl_vec<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+                ret = session->processCaptureRequest(
+                        {request},
+                        cachesToRemove,
+                        [&status, &numRequestProcessed] (auto s, uint32_t n) {
+                            status = s;
+                            numRequestProcessed = n;
+                        });
+
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+                //Flush before waiting for request to complete.
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = session->flush();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    while (!inflightReq.errorCodeValid &&
+                            ((0 < inflightReq.numBuffersLeft) ||
+                                    (!inflightReq.haveResultMetadata))) {
+                        auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                        ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout,
+                                mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                    }
+
+                    if (!inflightReq.errorCodeValid) {
+                        ASSERT_NE(inflightReq.resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(previewStream.id,
+                                  inflightReq.resultOutputBuffers[0].streamId);
+                    } else {
+                        switch (inflightReq.errorCode) {
                             case ErrorCode::ERROR_REQUEST:
                             case ErrorCode::ERROR_RESULT:
-                                //Expected
-                                break;
                             case ErrorCode::ERROR_BUFFER:
-                                //Expected as well
-                                ASSERT_EQ(frameNumber, error.frameNumber);
-                                ASSERT_EQ(previewStream.id, error.errorStreamId);
+                                //Expected
                                 break;
                             case ErrorCode::ERROR_DEVICE:
                             default:
-                                FAIL() <<"Unexpected error:" << static_cast<uint32_t> (error.errorCode);
+                                FAIL() << "Unexpected error:" << static_cast<uint32_t> (
+                                        inflightReq.errorCode);
                         }
                     }
+
+                    ret = session->close();
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
                 }
             }
-
-            ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
         }
     }
 }
 
 // Verify that camera flushes correctly without any pending requests.
 TEST_F(CameraHidlTest, flushEmpty) {
-    CameraHidlEnvironment* env = CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance();
-    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames();
-    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
-    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
-            static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+    for (auto provider : CameraHidlEnvironment::Instance()->mProviders) {
+        hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(
+                provider.second);
+        std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+        AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
 
-    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
-        if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name) == CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
-            Stream previewStream;
-            HalStreamConfiguration halStreamConfig;
-            sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
-            configurePreviewStream(name, env, &previewThreshold,
-                    &session /*out*/, &previewStream /*out*/,
-                    &halStreamConfig /*out*/);
+        for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+            if (getCameraDeviceVersion(name, provider.first) ==
+                    CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2) {
+                Stream previewStream;
+                HalStreamConfiguration halStreamConfig;
+                sp<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+                bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+                uint32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+                configurePreviewStream(name, provider.second, &previewThreshold,
+                        &session /*out*/, &previewStream /*out*/,
+                        &halStreamConfig /*out*/, &supportsPartialResults /*out*/,
+                        &partialResultCount /*out*/);
 
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                mResultBuffers.clear();
-                mErrors.clear();
-                mResultFrameNumber = 0;
+                Return<Status> returnStatus = session->flush();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
+
+                {
+                    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                    auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                            std::chrono::milliseconds(kEmptyFlushTimeoutMSec);
+                    ASSERT_EQ(std::cv_status::timeout,
+                            mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                }
+
+                Return<void> ret = session->close();
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
             }
-
-            Return<Status> returnStatus = session->flush();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
-            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, returnStatus);
-
-            {
-                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
-                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
-                        std::chrono::milliseconds(kEmptyFlushTimeoutMSec);
-                ASSERT_EQ(std::cv_status::timeout,
-                        mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
-                ASSERT_TRUE(mErrors.empty());
-                ASSERT_TRUE(mResultBuffers.empty());
-            }
-
-            Return<void> ret = session->close();
-            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
         }
     }
 }
@@ -3021,21 +3501,24 @@
 
 // Open a device session and configure a preview stream.
 void CameraHidlTest::configurePreviewStream(const std::string &name,
-        const CameraHidlEnvironment* env,
+        sp<ICameraProvider> provider,
         const AvailableStream *previewThreshold,
         sp<ICameraDeviceSession> *session /*out*/,
         Stream *previewStream /*out*/,
-        HalStreamConfiguration *halStreamConfig /*out*/) {
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, env);
+        HalStreamConfiguration *halStreamConfig /*out*/,
+        bool *supportsPartialResults /*out*/,
+        uint32_t *partialResultCount /*out*/) {
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, previewStream);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, halStreamConfig);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, supportsPartialResults);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, partialResultCount);
 
     std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
     ::android::sp<ICameraDevice> device3_2;
     ALOGI("configureStreams: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
     Return<void> ret;
-    ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
+    ret = provider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
         name,
         [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
             ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d",
@@ -3067,6 +3550,14 @@
     });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    auto status = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta,
+            ANDROID_REQUEST_PARTIAL_RESULT_COUNT, &entry);
+    if ((0 == status) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        *partialResultCount = entry.data.i32[0];
+        *supportsPartialResults = (*partialResultCount > 1);
+    }
+
     outputPreviewStreams.clear();
     auto rc = getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta,
             outputPreviewStreams, previewThreshold);
@@ -3093,17 +3584,16 @@
 
 // Open a device session with empty callbacks and return static metadata.
 void CameraHidlTest::openEmptyDeviceSession(const std::string &name,
-        const CameraHidlEnvironment* env,
+        sp<ICameraProvider> provider,
         sp<ICameraDeviceSession> *session /*out*/,
         camera_metadata_t **staticMeta /*out*/) {
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, env);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, staticMeta);
 
     ::android::sp<ICameraDevice> device3_2;
     ALOGI("configureStreams: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
     Return<void> ret;
-    ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
+    ret = provider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
         name,
         [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
             ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d",
@@ -3135,13 +3625,12 @@
 
 // Open a particular camera device.
 void CameraHidlTest::openCameraDevice(const std::string &name,
-        const CameraHidlEnvironment* env,
+        sp<ICameraProvider> provider,
         sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V1_0::ICameraDevice> *device1 /*out*/) {
-    ASSERT_TRUE(nullptr != env);
     ASSERT_TRUE(nullptr != device1);
 
     Return<void> ret;
-    ret = env->mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
+    ret = provider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x(
             name,
             [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
             ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V1_x returns status:%d",
diff --git a/current.txt b/current.txt
index 97480b3..e714b62 100644
--- a/current.txt
+++ b/current.txt
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
 4f6dedbcdd21c309dfc650acea81a096d6b242493ffe49c8d61bd3c43aad354e android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0::types
 b3aac6c3817f039964fcd62268274b3039e17bd7d0d5b40b4d1d1c7b19a1f866 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposer
 b19d00eb8a8b3b0034a0321f22e8f32162bf4c2aebbce6da22c025f56e459ea2 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposerCallback
-e992684e690dfe67a8cbeab5005bfa3fa9c2bf3d4b0b75657fb1f0c2d5dd2bae android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposerClient
+61ee43ffe6fb6dbe8b22dc17c51ff3d5ba703fc6029cba211f901f3d79c8a72d android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::IComposerClient
 1c98c2f5154345312ec054871792a2982ec5f3e2bc2abfb61a10c0b517978e20 android.hardware.graphics.composer@2.1::types
 a695898589e1ef15b2b2510f11edd6aafac9918d9cf8d74b4b6143b309dee542 android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0::IMapper
 28507d385a3dd224bf3c32f1bfd9f96092c4701b9c1cc66caa578fc3efc97877 android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0::types
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
index 33fb6fb..5d4e7d0 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@
         // Do the same for the crypto factory
         cryptoFactory = VtsTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>(name);
         if (cryptoFactory == nullptr) {
-            VtsTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>();
+            cryptoFactory = VtsTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>();
         }
         ASSERT_NE(cryptoFactory, nullptr);
 
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.1/IComposerClient.hal b/graphics/composer/2.1/IComposerClient.hal
index 85572d4..f2ff932 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.1/IComposerClient.hal
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.1/IComposerClient.hal
@@ -1117,6 +1117,7 @@
         VALIDATE_DISPLAY                   = 0x203 << OPCODE_SHIFT,
         ACCEPT_DISPLAY_CHANGES             = 0x204 << OPCODE_SHIFT,
         PRESENT_DISPLAY                    = 0x205 << OPCODE_SHIFT,
+        PRESENT_OR_VALIDATE_DISPLAY        = 0x206 << OPCODE_SHIFT,
 
         /** layer commands (VALIDATE_DISPLAY not required) */
         SET_LAYER_CURSOR_POSITION          = 0x300 << OPCODE_SHIFT,
@@ -1135,6 +1136,7 @@
         SET_LAYER_TRANSFORM                = 0x408 << OPCODE_SHIFT,
         SET_LAYER_VISIBLE_REGION           = 0x409 << OPCODE_SHIFT,
         SET_LAYER_Z_ORDER                  = 0x40a << OPCODE_SHIFT,
+        SET_PRESENT_OR_VALIDATE_DISPLAY_RESULT = 0x40b << OPCODE_SHIFT,
 
         /** 0x800 - 0xfff are reserved for vendor extensions */
         /** 0x1000 - 0xffff are reserved */
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.1/default/ComposerClient.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.1/default/ComposerClient.cpp
index ce4e17f..5a96e29 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.1/default/ComposerClient.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.1/default/ComposerClient.cpp
@@ -562,6 +562,8 @@
         return parseSetOutputBuffer(length);
     case IComposerClient::Command::VALIDATE_DISPLAY:
         return parseValidateDisplay(length);
+    case IComposerClient::Command::PRESENT_OR_VALIDATE_DISPLAY:
+        return parsePresentOrValidateDisplay(length);
     case IComposerClient::Command::ACCEPT_DISPLAY_CHANGES:
         return parseAcceptDisplayChanges(length);
     case IComposerClient::Command::PRESENT_DISPLAY:
@@ -739,6 +741,47 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+bool ComposerClient::CommandReader::parsePresentOrValidateDisplay(uint16_t length)
+{
+    if (length != CommandWriterBase::kPresentOrValidateDisplayLength) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // First try to Present as is.
+    int presentFence = -1;
+    std::vector<Layer> layers;
+    std::vector<int> fences;
+    auto err = mHal.presentDisplay(mDisplay, &presentFence, &layers, &fences);
+    if (err == Error::NONE) {
+        mWriter.setPresentOrValidateResult(1);
+        mWriter.setPresentFence(presentFence);
+        mWriter.setReleaseFences(layers, fences);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // Present has failed. We need to fallback to validate
+    std::vector<Layer> changedLayers;
+    std::vector<IComposerClient::Composition> compositionTypes;
+    uint32_t displayRequestMask = 0x0;
+    std::vector<Layer> requestedLayers;
+    std::vector<uint32_t> requestMasks;
+
+    err = mHal.validateDisplay(mDisplay, &changedLayers,
+                               &compositionTypes, &displayRequestMask,
+                               &requestedLayers, &requestMasks);
+    if (err == Error::NONE) {
+        mWriter.setPresentOrValidateResult(0);
+        mWriter.setChangedCompositionTypes(changedLayers,
+                                           compositionTypes);
+        mWriter.setDisplayRequests(displayRequestMask,
+                                   requestedLayers, requestMasks);
+    } else {
+        mWriter.setError(getCommandLoc(), err);
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
 bool ComposerClient::CommandReader::parseAcceptDisplayChanges(uint16_t length)
 {
     if (length != CommandWriterBase::kAcceptDisplayChangesLength) {
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.1/default/ComposerClient.h b/graphics/composer/2.1/default/ComposerClient.h
index 3d10f80..ee825fe 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.1/default/ComposerClient.h
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.1/default/ComposerClient.h
@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@
         bool parseSetClientTarget(uint16_t length);
         bool parseSetOutputBuffer(uint16_t length);
         bool parseValidateDisplay(uint16_t length);
+        bool parsePresentOrValidateDisplay(uint16_t length);
         bool parseAcceptDisplayChanges(uint16_t length);
         bool parsePresentDisplay(uint16_t length);
         bool parseSetLayerCursorPosition(uint16_t length);
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.1/default/IComposerCommandBuffer.h b/graphics/composer/2.1/default/IComposerCommandBuffer.h
index fb78ef8..9ee5f4f 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.1/default/IComposerCommandBuffer.h
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.1/default/IComposerCommandBuffer.h
@@ -152,6 +152,13 @@
         endCommand();
     }
 
+    static constexpr uint32_t kPresentOrValidateDisplayResultLength = 1;
+    void setPresentOrValidateResult(uint32_t  state) {
+       beginCommand(IComposerClient::Command::SET_PRESENT_OR_VALIDATE_DISPLAY_RESULT, kPresentOrValidateDisplayResultLength);
+       write(state);
+       endCommand();
+    }
+
     void setChangedCompositionTypes(const std::vector<Layer>& layers,
             const std::vector<IComposerClient::Composition>& types)
     {
@@ -284,6 +291,14 @@
         endCommand();
     }
 
+    static constexpr uint16_t kPresentOrValidateDisplayLength = 0;
+    void presentOrvalidateDisplay()
+    {
+        beginCommand(IComposerClient::Command::PRESENT_OR_VALIDATE_DISPLAY,
+                     kPresentOrValidateDisplayLength);
+        endCommand();
+    }
+
     static constexpr uint16_t kAcceptDisplayChangesLength = 0;
     void acceptDisplayChanges()
     {
diff --git a/ir/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalIrV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/ir/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalIrV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 3dad3c1..a017404 100644
--- a/ir/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalIrV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/ir/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalIrV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
     uint32_t len = 16;
     hidl_vec<int32_t> vec;
     vec.resize(len);
-    std::fill(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 1);
+    std::fill(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 1000);
     for (auto range = ranges.begin(); range != ranges.end(); range++) {
       EXPECT_TRUE(ir->transmit(range->min, vec));
       EXPECT_TRUE(ir->transmit(range->max, vec));
@@ -74,7 +74,6 @@
   vec.resize(len);
   std::fill(vec.begin(), vec.end(), 1);
   EXPECT_FALSE(ir->transmit(-1, vec));
-  EXPECT_FALSE(ir->transmit(0, vec));
 }
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
diff --git a/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index 75ec2d5..b950765 100644
--- a/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -233,34 +233,47 @@
     return b;
 }
 
-string rsa_key = hex2str("30820275020100300d06092a864886f70d01010105000482025f3082025b"
-                         "02010002818100c6095409047d8634812d5a218176e45c41d60a75b13901"
-                         "f234226cffe776521c5a77b9e389417b71c0b6a44d13afe4e4a2805d46c9"
-                         "da2935adb1ff0c1f24ea06e62b20d776430a4d435157233c6f916783c30e"
-                         "310fcbd89b85c2d56771169785ac12bca244abda72bfb19fc44d27c81e1d"
-                         "92de284f4061edfd99280745ea6d2502030100010281801be0f04d9cae37"
-                         "18691f035338308e91564b55899ffb5084d2460e6630257e05b3ceab0297"
-                         "2dfabcd6ce5f6ee2589eb67911ed0fac16e43a444b8c861e544a05933657"
-                         "72f8baf6b22fc9e3c5f1024b063ac080a7b2234cf8aee8f6c47bbf4fd3ac"
-                         "e7240290bef16c0b3f7f3cdd64ce3ab5912cf6e32f39ab188358afcccd80"
-                         "81024100e4b49ef50f765d3b24dde01aceaaf130f2c76670a91a61ae08af"
-                         "497b4a82be6dee8fcdd5e3f7ba1cfb1f0c926b88f88c92bfab137fba2285"
-                         "227b83c342ff7c55024100ddabb5839c4c7f6bf3d4183231f005b31aa58a"
-                         "ffdda5c79e4cce217f6bc930dbe563d480706c24e9ebfcab28a6cdefd324"
-                         "b77e1bf7251b709092c24ff501fd91024023d4340eda3445d8cd26c14411"
-                         "da6fdca63c1ccd4b80a98ad52b78cc8ad8beb2842c1d280405bc2f6c1bea"
-                         "214a1d742ab996b35b63a82a5e470fa88dbf823cdd02401b7b57449ad30d"
-                         "1518249a5f56bb98294d4b6ac12ffc86940497a5a5837a6cf946262b4945"
-                         "26d328c11e1126380fde04c24f916dec250892db09a6d77cdba351024077"
-                         "62cd8f4d050da56bd591adb515d24d7ccd32cca0d05f866d583514bd7324"
-                         "d5f33645e8ed8b4a1cb3cc4a1d67987399f2a09f5b3fb68c88d5e5d90ac3"
-                         "3492d6");
+string rsa_key = hex2str(
+    "30820275020100300d06092a864886f70d01010105000482025f3082025b"
+    "02010002818100c6095409047d8634812d5a218176e45c41d60a75b13901"
+    "f234226cffe776521c5a77b9e389417b71c0b6a44d13afe4e4a2805d46c9"
+    "da2935adb1ff0c1f24ea06e62b20d776430a4d435157233c6f916783c30e"
+    "310fcbd89b85c2d56771169785ac12bca244abda72bfb19fc44d27c81e1d"
+    "92de284f4061edfd99280745ea6d2502030100010281801be0f04d9cae37"
+    "18691f035338308e91564b55899ffb5084d2460e6630257e05b3ceab0297"
+    "2dfabcd6ce5f6ee2589eb67911ed0fac16e43a444b8c861e544a05933657"
+    "72f8baf6b22fc9e3c5f1024b063ac080a7b2234cf8aee8f6c47bbf4fd3ac"
+    "e7240290bef16c0b3f7f3cdd64ce3ab5912cf6e32f39ab188358afcccd80"
+    "81024100e4b49ef50f765d3b24dde01aceaaf130f2c76670a91a61ae08af"
+    "497b4a82be6dee8fcdd5e3f7ba1cfb1f0c926b88f88c92bfab137fba2285"
+    "227b83c342ff7c55024100ddabb5839c4c7f6bf3d4183231f005b31aa58a"
+    "ffdda5c79e4cce217f6bc930dbe563d480706c24e9ebfcab28a6cdefd324"
+    "b77e1bf7251b709092c24ff501fd91024023d4340eda3445d8cd26c14411"
+    "da6fdca63c1ccd4b80a98ad52b78cc8ad8beb2842c1d280405bc2f6c1bea"
+    "214a1d742ab996b35b63a82a5e470fa88dbf823cdd02401b7b57449ad30d"
+    "1518249a5f56bb98294d4b6ac12ffc86940497a5a5837a6cf946262b4945"
+    "26d328c11e1126380fde04c24f916dec250892db09a6d77cdba351024077"
+    "62cd8f4d050da56bd591adb515d24d7ccd32cca0d05f866d583514bd7324"
+    "d5f33645e8ed8b4a1cb3cc4a1d67987399f2a09f5b3fb68c88d5e5d90ac3"
+    "3492d6");
 
-string ec_key = hex2str("308187020100301306072a8648ce3d020106082a8648ce3d030107046d30"
-                        "6b0201010420737c2ecd7b8d1940bf2930aa9b4ed3ff941eed09366bc032"
-                        "99986481f3a4d859a14403420004bf85d7720d07c25461683bc648b4778a"
-                        "9a14dd8a024e3bdd8c7ddd9ab2b528bbc7aa1b51f14ebbbb0bd0ce21bcc4"
-                        "1c6eb00083cf3376d11fd44949e0b2183bfe");
+string ec_256_key = hex2str(
+    "308187020100301306072a8648ce3d020106082a8648ce3d030107046d30"
+    "6b0201010420737c2ecd7b8d1940bf2930aa9b4ed3ff941eed09366bc032"
+    "99986481f3a4d859a14403420004bf85d7720d07c25461683bc648b4778a"
+    "9a14dd8a024e3bdd8c7ddd9ab2b528bbc7aa1b51f14ebbbb0bd0ce21bcc4"
+    "1c6eb00083cf3376d11fd44949e0b2183bfe");
+
+string ec_521_key = hex2str(
+    "3081EE020100301006072A8648CE3D020106052B810400230481D63081D3"
+    "02010104420011458C586DB5DAA92AFAB03F4FE46AA9D9C3CE9A9B7A006A"
+    "8384BEC4C78E8E9D18D7D08B5BCFA0E53C75B064AD51C449BAE0258D54B9"
+    "4B1E885DED08ED4FB25CE9A1818903818600040149EC11C6DF0FA122C6A9"
+    "AFD9754A4FA9513A627CA329E349535A5629875A8ADFBE27DCB932C05198"
+    "6377108D054C28C6F39B6F2C9AF81802F9F326B842FF2E5F3C00AB7635CF"
+    "B36157FC0882D574A10D839C1A0C049DC5E0D775E2EE50671A208431BB45"
+    "E78E70BEFE930DB34818EE4D5C26259F5C6B8E28A652950F9F88D7B4B2C9"
+    "D9");
 
 struct RSA_Delete {
     void operator()(RSA* p) { RSA_free(p); }
@@ -2341,14 +2354,14 @@
 /*
  * ImportKeyTest.EcdsaSuccess
  *
- * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA key pair works correctly.
+ * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-256 key pair works correctly.
  */
 TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                            .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
                                            .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256),
-                                       KeyFormat::PKCS8, ec_key))
+                                       KeyFormat::PKCS8, ec_256_key))
         << "(Possibly b/33945114)";
 
     CheckKm0CryptoParam(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC);
@@ -2365,6 +2378,32 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * ImportKeyTest.Ecdsa521Success
+ *
+ * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-521 key pair works correctly.
+ */
+TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, Ecdsa521Success) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                           .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                           .EcdsaSigningKey(521)
+                                           .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256),
+                                       KeyFormat::PKCS8, ec_521_key))
+        << "(Possibly b/33945114)";
+
+    CheckKm0CryptoParam(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC);
+    CheckKm0CryptoParam(TAG_KEY_SIZE, 521U);
+    CheckKm1CryptoParam(TAG_DIGEST, Digest::SHA_2_256);
+    CheckKm2CryptoParam(TAG_EC_CURVE, EcCurve::P_521);
+
+    CheckOrigin();
+
+    string message(32, 'a');
+    auto params = AuthorizationSetBuilder().Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256);
+    string signature = SignMessage(message, params);
+    VerifyMessage(message, signature, params);
+}
+
+/*
  * ImportKeyTest.EcdsaSizeMismatch
  *
  * Verifies that importing an ECDSA key pair with a size that doesn't match the key fails in the
@@ -2375,7 +2414,7 @@
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .EcdsaSigningKey(224 /* Doesn't match key */)
                             .Digest(Digest::NONE),
-                        KeyFormat::PKCS8, ec_key));
+                        KeyFormat::PKCS8, ec_256_key));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2390,11 +2429,12 @@
         return;
     }
 
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
-              ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                            .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_224 /* Doesn't match key */)
-                            .Digest(Digest::NONE),
-                        KeyFormat::PKCS8, ec_key))
+    ASSERT_EQ(
+        ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
+        ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                      .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_224 /* Doesn't match key */)
+                      .Digest(Digest::NONE),
+                  KeyFormat::PKCS8, ec_256_key))
         << "(Possibly b/36233241)";
 }
 
diff --git a/power/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalPowerV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/power/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalPowerV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index c94fa4f..da49dfc 100644
--- a/power/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalPowerV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/power/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalPowerV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@
   if (fd1 < 0 || fd2 < 0) {
     // Files don't exist, so skip the rest of the test case
     SUCCEED();
+    return;
   }
 
   char old_governor[80];
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp
index 9e4f668..71b9111 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp
@@ -248,7 +248,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -280,7 +281,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -345,7 +347,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -361,7 +364,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -494,7 +498,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -562,7 +567,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -690,7 +696,8 @@
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
         ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
-                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::LCE_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::LCE_NOT_SUPPORTED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -723,7 +730,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -777,7 +785,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, RadioError::NONE);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -792,9 +801,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp->rspInfo.type);
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
+    std::cout << static_cast<int>(radioRsp->rspInfo.error) << std::endl;
+
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
-                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -809,9 +820,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp->rspInfo.type);
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
+    std::cout << static_cast<int>(radioRsp->rspInfo.error) << std::endl;
+
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
-                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -831,4 +844,4 @@
         ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
                     radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/wifi/1.0/default/Android.mk b/wifi/1.0/default/Android.mk
index 13f6cc1..2564937 100644
--- a/wifi/1.0/default/Android.mk
+++ b/wifi/1.0/default/Android.mk
@@ -46,7 +46,6 @@
     libnl \
     libutils \
     libwifi-hal \
-    libwifi-system \
-    libcld80211
+    libwifi-system
 LOCAL_INIT_RC := android.hardware.wifi@1.0-service.rc
 include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)