DO NOT MERGE - Merge qt-qpr1-dev-plus-aosp@6304901 into stage-aosp-master

Bug: 151763422
Change-Id: I6934fce7138ba71f5bb6642b24ac80fed2303972
diff --git a/audio/2.0/config/Android.bp b/audio/2.0/config/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65a32eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/2.0/config/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+filegroup {
+    name: "audio_policy_configuration_V2_0",
+    srcs: ["audio_policy_configuration.xsd"],
+}
diff --git a/audio/common/all-versions/test/utility/include/utility/EnvironmentTearDown.h b/audio/common/all-versions/test/utility/include/utility/EnvironmentTearDown.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b240ce..0000000
--- a/audio/common/all-versions/test/utility/include/utility/EnvironmentTearDown.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,58 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_COMMON_TEST_UTILITY_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
-#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_COMMON_TEST_UTILITY_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
-
-#include <functional>
-#include <list>
-
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace audio {
-namespace common {
-namespace test {
-namespace utility {
-
-/** Register callback for static object destruction
- * Avoid destroying static objects after main return.
- * Post main return destruction leads to incorrect gtest timing measurements as
- * well as harder debuging if anything goes wrong during destruction. */
-class EnvironmentTearDown {
-  public:
-    using TearDownFunc = std::function<void()>;
-    void registerTearDown(TearDownFunc&& tearDown) { tearDowns.push_front(std::move(tearDown)); }
-
-  protected:
-    void executeAllTearDowns() {
-        // Call the tear downs in reverse order of insertion
-        for (auto& tearDown : tearDowns) {
-            tearDown();
-        }
-    }
-
-  private:
-    std::list<TearDownFunc> tearDowns;
-};
-
-}  // namespace utility
-}  // namespace test
-}  // namespace common
-}  // namespace audio
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
-
-#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_COMMON_TEST_UTILITY_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp
index 6f18d1d..e11d158 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp
@@ -18,8 +18,11 @@
 
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
 
-    shared_libs: [
+    static_libs: [
         "libaudiofoundation",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libcutils",
         "libfmq",
@@ -55,7 +58,7 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=2",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_library_shared {
@@ -71,7 +74,7 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=4",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_library_shared {
@@ -86,7 +89,7 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=5",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_library_shared {
@@ -101,5 +104,5 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=6",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/2.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/2.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 6373e39..0000000
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/2.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,34 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_CORE_2_0_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
-#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_CORE_2_0_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
-
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-
-#include "utility/EnvironmentTearDown.h"
-
-class Environment : public ::android::hardware::audio::common::test::utility::EnvironmentTearDown,
-                    public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-  private:
-    void HidlTearDown() override {
-        executeAllTearDowns();
-        VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase::HidlTearDown();
-    }
-};
-
-#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_CORE_2_0_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
index 2afbbb8..5b58553 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
@@ -17,54 +17,6 @@
 // pull in all the <= 5.0 tests
 #include "5.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp"
 
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests() {
-    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = [] {
-        std::vector<DeviceParameter> result;
-        const auto factories =
-                ::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDevicesFactory::descriptor);
-        for (const auto& factoryName : factories) {
-            result.emplace_back(factoryName,
-                                DeviceManager::getInstance().getPrimary(factoryName) != nullptr
-                                        ? DeviceManager::kPrimaryDevice
-                                        : "");
-        }
-        return result;
-    }();
-    return parameters;
-}
-
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests() {
-    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = [] {
-        std::vector<DeviceParameter> result;
-        const auto primary = std::find_if(
-                getDeviceParameters().begin(), getDeviceParameters().end(), [](const auto& elem) {
-                    return std::get<PARAM_DEVICE_NAME>(elem) == DeviceManager::kPrimaryDevice;
-                });
-        if (primary != getDeviceParameters().end()) result.push_back(*primary);
-        return result;
-    }();
-    return parameters;
-}
-
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParameters() {
-    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = [] {
-        std::vector<DeviceParameter> result;
-        const auto factories =
-                ::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDevicesFactory::descriptor);
-        const auto devices = getCachedPolicyConfig().getModulesWithDevicesNames();
-        result.reserve(devices.size());
-        for (const auto& factoryName : factories) {
-            for (const auto& deviceName : devices) {
-                if (DeviceManager::getInstance().get(factoryName, deviceName) != nullptr) {
-                    result.emplace_back(factoryName, deviceName);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        return result;
-    }();
-    return parameters;
-}
-
 const std::vector<DeviceConfigParameter>& getOutputDeviceConfigParameters() {
     static std::vector<DeviceConfigParameter> parameters = [] {
         std::vector<DeviceConfigParameter> result;
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 593759f..0000000
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_CORE_6_0_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
-#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_CORE_6_0_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
-
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-
-#include "utility/EnvironmentTearDown.h"
-
-class Environment : public ::android::hardware::audio::common::test::utility::EnvironmentTearDown,
-                    public ::testing::Environment {
-  public:
-    void init(int* /*argc*/, char** /*argv*/) {}  // emulate VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase
-  private:
-    void TearDown() override { executeAllTearDowns(); }
-};
-
-// FIXME: Will be removed while making getDeviceParameters to use the config
-static constexpr const char* kDefaultServiceName = "default";
-
-#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_CORE_6_0_ENVIRONMENT_TEARDOWN_H
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
index d3545c8..db52e60 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,18 +19,22 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common.test.utility",
+        "libaudiofoundation",
         "libaudiopolicycomponents",
         "libmedia_helper",
         "libxml2",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
-        "libaudiofoundation",
+        "libbinder",
         "libfmq",
     ],
     header_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common.util@all-versions",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -48,6 +52,12 @@
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
     ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_policy_configuration_V2_0",
+    ],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest.xml",
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -65,6 +75,12 @@
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
     ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_policy_configuration_V4_0",
+    ],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest.xml",
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -82,6 +98,12 @@
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
     ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_policy_configuration_V5_0",
+    ],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest.xml",
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -99,14 +121,10 @@
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
     ],
-    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
-    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
-    test_config: "VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest.xml",
     data: [
         ":audio_policy_configuration_V6_0",
     ],
-    test_suites: [
-        "general-tests",
-        "vts-core",
-    ],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest.xml",
 }
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h
index d0d39e8..da30ade 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h
@@ -34,10 +34,6 @@
 
 #include <hwbinder/IPCThreadState.h>
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#endif
-
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
 #include PATH(android/hardware/audio/FILE_VERSION/IDevice.h)
@@ -49,10 +45,8 @@
 #include <Serializer.h>
 #include <fmq/EventFlag.h>
 #include <fmq/MessageQueue.h>
-#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
-#endif
 
 #include <common/all-versions/VersionUtils.h>
 
@@ -61,12 +55,6 @@
 #include "utility/ReturnIn.h"
 #include "utility/ValidateXml.h"
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-#include "2.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h"
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
-#include "6.0/EnvironmentTearDown.h"
-#endif
-
 /** Provide version specific functions that are used in the generic tests */
 #if MAJOR_VERSION == 2
 #include "2.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalUtils.h"
@@ -114,30 +102,10 @@
 static auto invalidArgsOrNotSupported = {Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, Result::NOT_SUPPORTED};
 static auto invalidStateOrNotSupported = {Result::INVALID_STATE, Result::NOT_SUPPORTED};
 
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//////////////////////////////// Environment /////////////////////////////////
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-class AudioHidlTestEnvironment : public ::Environment {
-   public:
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-     void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IDevicesFactory>(); }
-#endif
-};
-
-// Instance to register global tearDown
-static AudioHidlTestEnvironment* environment;
-
 #define AUDIO_PRIMARY_HIDL_HAL_TEST
 #include "DeviceManager.h"
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-using HidlTestBase = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase;
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
-using HidlTestBase = ::testing::Test;
-#endif
-
-class HidlTest : public HidlTestBase {
+class HidlTest : public ::testing::Test {
   public:
     virtual ~HidlTest() = default;
 
@@ -172,15 +140,6 @@
 #define QUOTE(x) #x
 #define STRINGIFY(x) QUOTE(x)
 
-TEST(CheckConfig, audioPolicyConfigurationValidation) {
-    RecordProperty("description",
-                   "Verify that the audio policy configuration file "
-                   "is valid according to the schema");
-
-    const char* xsd = "/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_configuration_" STRINGIFY(CPP_VERSION) ".xsd";
-    EXPECT_ONE_VALID_XML_MULTIPLE_LOCATIONS(kConfigFileName, kConfigLocations, xsd);
-}
-
 struct PolicyConfigData {
     android::HwModuleCollection hwModules;
     android::DeviceVector availableOutputDevices;
@@ -252,32 +211,11 @@
 const PolicyConfig& getCachedPolicyConfig() {
     static std::unique_ptr<PolicyConfig> policyConfig = [] {
         auto config = std::make_unique<PolicyConfig>();
-        environment->registerTearDown([] { policyConfig.reset(); });
         return config;
     }();
     return *policyConfig;
 }
 
-class AudioPolicyConfigTest : public HidlTestBase {
-  public:
-    void SetUp() override {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(HidlTestBase::SetUp());  // setup base
-        auto& policyConfig = getCachedPolicyConfig();
-        ASSERT_EQ(0, policyConfig.getStatus()) << policyConfig.getError();
-    }
-};
-
-TEST_F(AudioPolicyConfigTest, LoadAudioPolicyXMLConfiguration) {
-    doc::test("Test parsing audio_policy_configuration.xml (called in SetUp)");
-}
-
-TEST_F(AudioPolicyConfigTest, HasPrimaryModule) {
-    auto& policyConfig = getCachedPolicyConfig();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(policyConfig.getPrimaryModule() != nullptr)
-            << "Could not find primary module in configuration file: "
-            << policyConfig.getFilePath();
-}
-
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 //////////////////// Test parameter types and definitions ////////////////////
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -288,53 +226,59 @@
 static inline std::string DeviceParameterToString(
         const ::testing::TestParamInfo<DeviceParameter>& info) {
     const auto& deviceName = std::get<PARAM_DEVICE_NAME>(info.param);
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-    return !deviceName.empty() ? deviceName : std::to_string(info.index);
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
     const auto factoryName =
             ::android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString(::testing::TestParamInfo<std::string>{
                     std::get<PARAM_FACTORY_NAME>(info.param), info.index});
     return !deviceName.empty() ? factoryName + "_" + deviceName : factoryName;
-#endif
 }
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-// For V2..5 the factory is looked up using the instance name passed
-// in the environment, only one factory is returned. This is because the VTS
-// framework will call the test for each instance. Only the primary device of
-// the default service factory can be tested.
-
-// Return a pair of <"default", "primary"> or <[non-default name], "">
-// This is used to parametrize device factory tests.
-// The device name is used to indicate whether IPrimaryDevice is required.
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests() {
-    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = {
-            {environment->getServiceName<IDevicesFactory>(),
-             environment->getServiceName<IDevicesFactory>() == kDefaultServiceName
-                     ? DeviceManager::kPrimaryDevice
-                     : ""}};
-    return parameters;
-}
-// Return a pair of <"default", "primary"> or nothing.
-// This is used to parametrize primary device tests.
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests() {
-    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters =
-            !std::get<PARAM_DEVICE_NAME>(*getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests().begin()).empty()
-                    ? getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests()
-                    : std::vector<DeviceParameter>{};
-    return parameters;
-}
-// In V2..5 device tests must only test the primary device.
-// No device tests are executed for non-primary devices.
 const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParameters() {
-    return getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests();
+    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = [] {
+        std::vector<DeviceParameter> result;
+        const auto factories =
+                ::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDevicesFactory::descriptor);
+        const auto devices = getCachedPolicyConfig().getModulesWithDevicesNames();
+        result.reserve(devices.size());
+        for (const auto& factoryName : factories) {
+            for (const auto& deviceName : devices) {
+                if (DeviceManager::getInstance().get(factoryName, deviceName) != nullptr) {
+                    result.emplace_back(factoryName, deviceName);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return result;
+    }();
+    return parameters;
 }
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
-// For V6 and above these functions are implemented in 6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests();
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests();
-const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParameters();
-#endif
+
+const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests() {
+    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = [] {
+        std::vector<DeviceParameter> result;
+        const auto factories =
+                ::android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDevicesFactory::descriptor);
+        for (const auto& factoryName : factories) {
+            result.emplace_back(factoryName,
+                                DeviceManager::getInstance().getPrimary(factoryName) != nullptr
+                                        ? DeviceManager::kPrimaryDevice
+                                        : "");
+        }
+        return result;
+    }();
+    return parameters;
+}
+
+const std::vector<DeviceParameter>& getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests() {
+    static std::vector<DeviceParameter> parameters = [] {
+        std::vector<DeviceParameter> result;
+        const auto primary = std::find_if(
+                getDeviceParameters().begin(), getDeviceParameters().end(), [](const auto& elem) {
+                    return std::get<PARAM_DEVICE_NAME>(elem) == DeviceManager::kPrimaryDevice;
+                });
+        if (primary != getDeviceParameters().end()) result.push_back(*primary);
+        return result;
+    }();
+    return parameters;
+}
 
 class AudioHidlTestWithDeviceParameter : public HidlTest,
                                          public ::testing::WithParamInterface<DeviceParameter> {
@@ -347,6 +291,44 @@
     }
 };
 
+TEST(CheckConfig, audioPolicyConfigurationValidation) {
+    auto deviceParameters = getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests();
+    if (deviceParameters.size() == 0) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Skipping audioPolicyConfigurationValidation because no device parameter "
+                        "is found.";
+    }
+    RecordProperty("description",
+                   "Verify that the audio policy configuration file "
+                   "is valid according to the schema");
+
+    const char* xsd = "/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_configuration_" STRINGIFY(CPP_VERSION) ".xsd";
+    EXPECT_ONE_VALID_XML_MULTIPLE_LOCATIONS(kConfigFileName, kConfigLocations, xsd);
+}
+
+class AudioPolicyConfigTest : public AudioHidlTestWithDeviceParameter {
+  public:
+    void SetUp() override {
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(AudioHidlTestWithDeviceParameter::SetUp());  // setup base
+        auto& policyConfig = getCachedPolicyConfig();
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, policyConfig.getStatus()) << policyConfig.getError();
+    }
+};
+
+TEST_P(AudioPolicyConfigTest, LoadAudioPolicyXMLConfiguration) {
+    doc::test("Test parsing audio_policy_configuration.xml (called in SetUp)");
+}
+
+TEST_P(AudioPolicyConfigTest, HasPrimaryModule) {
+    auto& policyConfig = getCachedPolicyConfig();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(policyConfig.getPrimaryModule() != nullptr)
+            << "Could not find primary module in configuration file: "
+            << policyConfig.getFilePath();
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(AudioHidl, AudioPolicyConfigTest,
+                        ::testing::ValuesIn(getDeviceParametersForFactoryTests()),
+                        &DeviceParameterToString);
+
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 ////////////////////// getService audio_devices_factory //////////////////////
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -1561,20 +1543,3 @@
     testAccessors<OPTIONAL>("HAC", Initial{false}, {true}, &IPrimaryDevice::setHacEnabled,
                             &IPrimaryDevice::getHacEnabled);
 }
-
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-//////////////////// Clean caches on global tear down ////////////////////////
-//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    environment = new AudioHidlTestEnvironment;
-    // For V2..5 it's critical to initialize environment before GTest.
-    // The environment parses the service name from the command line,
-    // then it can be used in GTest parameter generators which are
-    // initialized during the call to InitGoogleTest.
-    environment->init(&argc, argv);
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(environment);
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    return status;
-}
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/DeviceManager.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/DeviceManager.h
index cb6584d..0c0727f 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/DeviceManager.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/DeviceManager.h
@@ -31,10 +31,6 @@
         auto existing = instances.find(name);
         if (existing != instances.end()) return existing->second;
         auto [inserted, _] = instances.emplace(name, Derived::createInterfaceInstance(name));
-        if (inserted->second) {
-            environment->registerTearDown(
-                    [name]() { (void)Derived::getInstance().reset(name, false); });
-        }
         return inserted->second;
     }
 
@@ -75,11 +71,7 @@
         return instance;
     }
     static sp<IDevicesFactory> createInterfaceInstance(const std::string& name) {
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-        return ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IDevicesFactory>(name);
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
         return IDevicesFactory::getService(name);
-#endif
     }
 };
 
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67fcdb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest" value="/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="audio_policy_configuration.xsd" value="/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_configuration_V2_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioV2_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2084060
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest" value="/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="audio_policy_configuration_V4_0.xsd" value="/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_configuration_V4_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioV4_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b01e41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest" value="/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push-file" key="audio_policy_configuration_V5_0.xsd" value="/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_configuration_V5_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioV5_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/ValidateAudioEffectsConfiguration.cpp b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/ValidateAudioEffectsConfiguration.cpp
index f9e4aa3..9c0135b 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/ValidateAudioEffectsConfiguration.cpp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/ValidateAudioEffectsConfiguration.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@
 #include <iterator>
 
 #include <media/EffectsConfig.h>
+// clang-format off
+#include PATH(android/hardware/audio/effect/FILE_VERSION/IEffectsFactory.h)
+// clang-format on
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include "utility/ValidateXml.h"
 
@@ -29,6 +35,11 @@
     RecordProperty("description",
                    "Verify that the effects configuration file is valid according to the schema");
     using namespace android::effectsConfig;
+    if (android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                ::android::hardware::audio::effect::CPP_VERSION::IEffectsFactory::descriptor)
+                .size() == 0) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "No Effects HAL version " STRINGIFY(CPP_VERSION) " on this device";
+    }
 
     std::vector<const char*> locations(std::begin(DEFAULT_LOCATIONS), std::end(DEFAULT_LOCATIONS));
     const char* xsd = "/data/local/tmp/audio_effects_conf_" STRINGIFY(CPP_VERSION) ".xsd";
diff --git a/configstore/1.1/default/Android.mk b/configstore/1.1/default/Android.mk
index e7edc34..6b7bb00 100644
--- a/configstore/1.1/default/Android.mk
+++ b/configstore/1.1/default/Android.mk
@@ -35,3 +35,14 @@
 LOCAL_SRC_FILES := seccomp_policy/configstore@1.1-$(TARGET_ARCH).policy
 include $(BUILD_PREBUILT)
 endif
+
+# disable configstore
+include $(CLEAR_VARS)
+LOCAL_MODULE := disable_configstore
+LOCAL_MODULE_CLASS := EXECUTABLES
+LOCAL_SRC_FILES:= disable_configstore.cpp
+LOCAL_OVERRIDES_MODULES := android.hardware.configstore@1.1-service
+LOCAL_VENDOR_MODULE := true
+LOCAL_UNINSTALLABLE_MODULE := true
+
+include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
diff --git a/configstore/1.1/default/disable_configstore.cpp b/configstore/1.1/default/disable_configstore.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b727ddb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/configstore/1.1/default/disable_configstore.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.1 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.1
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+int main() {
+    return 1;
+}
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
index cc15263..79d8594 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
@@ -24,6 +24,8 @@
 
 using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 
+using PrepareModelMutation = std::function<void(Model*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 static void validateGetSupportedOperations(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
@@ -54,12 +56,13 @@
 }
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid model, apply a
-// mutation to it to invalidate the model, then pass it to interface calls that
-// use the model. Note that the model here is passed by value, and any mutation
-// to the model does not leave this function.
-static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message, Model model,
-                     const std::function<void(Model*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&model);
+// mutation to invalidate the model, then pass these to supportedOperations and
+// prepareModel.
+static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
+                     const Model& originalModel, const PrepareModelMutation& mutate) {
+    Model model = originalModel;
+    mutate(&model);
+
     validateGetSupportedOperations(device, message, model);
     validatePrepareModel(device, message, model);
 }
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
index 05eefd1..0baa85b 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
@@ -24,15 +24,17 @@
 
 using implementation::ExecutionCallback;
 
+using ExecutionMutation = std::function<void(Request*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid request, apply a
 // mutation to it to invalidate the request, then pass it to interface calls
-// that use the request. Note that the request here is passed by value, and any
-// mutation to the request does not leave this function.
+// that use the request.
 static void validate(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const std::string& message,
-                     Request request, const std::function<void(Request*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&request);
+                     const Request& originalRequest, const ExecutionMutation& mutate) {
+    Request request = originalRequest;
+    mutate(&request);
     SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [execute]");
 
     sp<ExecutionCallback> executionCallback = new ExecutionCallback();
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
index 0629a1e..3b6f0f8 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 using V1_0::OperandType;
 using V1_0::implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 
+using PrepareModelMutation = std::function<void(Model*, ExecutionPreference*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 static void validateGetSupportedOperations(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
@@ -67,16 +69,19 @@
 }
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid model, apply a
-// mutation to it to invalidate the model, then pass it to interface calls that
-// use the model. Note that the model here is passed by value, and any mutation
-// to the model does not leave this function.
-static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message, Model model,
-                     const std::function<void(Model*)>& mutation,
-                     ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER) {
-    mutation(&model);
+// mutation to invalidate either the model or the execution preference, then
+// pass these to supportedOperations and/or prepareModel if that method is
+// called with an invalid argument.
+static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
+                     const Model& originalModel, const PrepareModelMutation& mutate) {
+    Model model = originalModel;
+    ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER;
+    mutate(&model, &preference);
+
     if (validExecutionPreference(preference)) {
         validateGetSupportedOperations(device, message, model);
     }
+
     validatePrepareModel(device, message, model, preference);
 }
 
@@ -115,9 +120,11 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperandType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                model->operands[operand].type = static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operands[operand].type =
+                                 static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -144,9 +151,10 @@
         const uint32_t invalidRank = getInvalidRank(model.operands[operand].type);
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandRankTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has rank of " + std::to_string(invalidRank);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidRank](Model* model) {
-            model->operands[operand].dimensions = std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operand, invalidRank](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                     model->operands[operand].dimensions = std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -173,9 +181,10 @@
         const float invalidScale = getInvalidScale(model.operands[operand].type);
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandScaleTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has scale of " + std::to_string(invalidScale);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidScale](Model* model) {
-            model->operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operand, invalidScale](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                     model->operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -204,9 +213,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandZeroPointTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " has zero point of " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidZeroPoint);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model) {
-                model->operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -282,9 +292,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to type " +
                                         toString(invalidOperandType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                mutateOperand(&model->operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         mutateOperand(&model->operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -304,10 +315,11 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationTypeTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperationType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].type =
-                        static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operations[operation].type =
+                                 static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -321,9 +333,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationInputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -337,9 +350,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOutputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -372,7 +386,7 @@
     for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
         const std::string message = "removeOperandTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand);
         validate(device, message, model,
-                 [operand](Model* model) { removeOperand(model, operand); });
+                 [operand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) { removeOperand(model, operand); });
     }
 }
 
@@ -388,8 +402,9 @@
 static void removeOperationTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
     for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message = "removeOperationTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model,
-                 [operation](Model* model) { removeOperation(model, operation); });
+        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+            removeOperation(model, operation);
+        });
     }
 }
 
@@ -409,11 +424,12 @@
             const std::string message = "removeOperationInputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, input](Model* model) {
-                uint32_t operand = model->operations[operation].inputs[input];
-                model->operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].inputs, input);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, input](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         uint32_t operand = model->operations[operation].inputs[input];
+                         model->operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
+                         hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].inputs, input);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -426,9 +442,10 @@
             const std::string message = "removeOperationOutputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, output](Model* model) {
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].outputs, output);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, output](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].outputs, output);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -444,7 +461,7 @@
 static void addOperationInputTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
     for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message = "addOperationInputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
+        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
             uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::MODEL_INPUT);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operations[operation].inputs, index);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->inputIndexes, index);
@@ -458,7 +475,7 @@
     for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message =
                 "addOperationOutputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
+        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
             uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::MODEL_OUTPUT);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operations[operation].outputs, index);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->outputIndexes, index);
@@ -474,12 +491,13 @@
 };
 
 static void mutateExecutionPreferenceTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (int32_t preference : invalidExecutionPreferences) {
+    for (int32_t invalidPreference : invalidExecutionPreferences) {
         const std::string message =
-                "mutateExecutionPreferenceTest: preference " + std::to_string(preference);
-        validate(
-                device, message, model, [](Model*) {},
-                static_cast<ExecutionPreference>(preference));
+                "mutateExecutionPreferenceTest: preference " + std::to_string(invalidPreference);
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [invalidPreference](Model*, ExecutionPreference* preference) {
+                     *preference = static_cast<ExecutionPreference>(invalidPreference);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
index 9684eb2..2914335 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
@@ -28,15 +28,17 @@
 using V1_0::Request;
 using V1_0::implementation::ExecutionCallback;
 
+using ExecutionMutation = std::function<void(Request*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid request, apply a
 // mutation to it to invalidate the request, then pass it to interface calls
-// that use the request. Note that the request here is passed by value, and any
-// mutation to the request does not leave this function.
+// that use the request.
 static void validate(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const std::string& message,
-                     Request request, const std::function<void(Request*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&request);
+                     const Request& originalRequest, const ExecutionMutation& mutate) {
+    Request request = originalRequest;
+    mutate(&request);
     SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [execute]");
 
     sp<ExecutionCallback> executionCallback = new ExecutionCallback();
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
index cc9d804..4476266 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
@@ -37,6 +37,8 @@
 using V1_0::Request;
 using ExecutionBurstCallback = ExecutionBurstController::ExecutionBurstCallback;
 
+using BurstExecutionMutation = std::function<void(std::vector<FmqRequestDatum>*)>;
+
 // This constant value represents the length of an FMQ that is large enough to
 // return a result from a burst execution for all of the generated test cases.
 constexpr size_t kExecutionBurstChannelLength = 1024;
@@ -115,13 +117,13 @@
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid serialized
 // request, apply a mutation to it to invalidate the serialized request, then
-// pass it to interface calls that use the serialized request. Note that the
-// serialized request here is passed by value, and any mutation to the
-// serialized request does not leave this function.
+// pass it to interface calls that use the serialized request.
 static void validate(RequestChannelSender* sender, ResultChannelReceiver* receiver,
-                     const std::string& message, std::vector<FmqRequestDatum> serialized,
-                     const std::function<void(std::vector<FmqRequestDatum>*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&serialized);
+                     const std::string& message,
+                     const std::vector<FmqRequestDatum>& originalSerialized,
+                     const BurstExecutionMutation& mutate) {
+    std::vector<FmqRequestDatum> serialized = originalSerialized;
+    mutate(&serialized);
 
     // skip if packet is too large to send
     if (serialized.size() > kExecutionBurstChannelLength) {
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
index a14b86b..e9fc6e9 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
 using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
 using HidlToken = hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
 
+using PrepareModelMutation = std::function<void(Model*, ExecutionPreference*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 static void validateGetSupportedOperations(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
@@ -67,16 +69,19 @@
 }
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid model, apply a
-// mutation to it to invalidate the model, then pass it to interface calls that
-// use the model. Note that the model here is passed by value, and any mutation
-// to the model does not leave this function.
-static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message, Model model,
-                     const std::function<void(Model*)>& mutation,
-                     ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER) {
-    mutation(&model);
+// mutation to invalidate either the model or the execution preference, then
+// pass these to supportedOperations and/or prepareModel if that method is
+// called with an invalid argument.
+static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
+                     const Model& originalModel, const PrepareModelMutation& mutate) {
+    Model model = originalModel;
+    ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER;
+    mutate(&model, &preference);
+
     if (validExecutionPreference(preference)) {
         validateGetSupportedOperations(device, message, model);
     }
+
     validatePrepareModel(device, message, model, preference);
 }
 
@@ -115,9 +120,11 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperandType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                model->operands[operand].type = static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operands[operand].type =
+                                 static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -155,9 +162,10 @@
         }
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandRankTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has rank of " + std::to_string(invalidRank);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidRank](Model* model) {
-            model->operands[operand].dimensions = std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operand, invalidRank](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                     model->operands[operand].dimensions = std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -192,9 +200,10 @@
         const float invalidScale = getInvalidScale(model.operands[operand].type);
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandScaleTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has scale of " + std::to_string(invalidScale);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidScale](Model* model) {
-            model->operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operand, invalidScale](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                     model->operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -234,9 +243,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandZeroPointTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " has zero point of " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidZeroPoint);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model) {
-                model->operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -386,9 +396,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to type " +
                                         toString(invalidOperandType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                mutateOperand(&model->operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         mutateOperand(&model->operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -407,10 +418,11 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationTypeTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperationType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].type =
-                        static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operations[operation].type =
+                                 static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -424,9 +436,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationInputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -440,9 +453,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOutputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         model->operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -503,7 +517,7 @@
         }
         const std::string message = "removeOperandTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand);
         validate(device, message, model,
-                 [operand](Model* model) { removeOperand(model, operand); });
+                 [operand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) { removeOperand(model, operand); });
     }
 }
 
@@ -519,8 +533,9 @@
 static void removeOperationTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
     for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message = "removeOperationTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model,
-                 [operation](Model* model) { removeOperation(model, operation); });
+        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+            removeOperation(model, operation);
+        });
     }
 }
 
@@ -601,11 +616,12 @@
             const std::string message = "removeOperationInputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, input](Model* model) {
-                uint32_t operand = model->operations[operation].inputs[input];
-                model->operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].inputs, input);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, input](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         uint32_t operand = model->operations[operation].inputs[input];
+                         model->operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
+                         hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].inputs, input);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -618,9 +634,10 @@
             const std::string message = "removeOperationOutputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, output](Model* model) {
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].outputs, output);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, output](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
+                         hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].outputs, output);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -651,7 +668,7 @@
             continue;
         }
         const std::string message = "addOperationInputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
+        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
             uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::MODEL_INPUT);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operations[operation].inputs, index);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->inputIndexes, index);
@@ -665,7 +682,7 @@
     for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message =
                 "addOperationOutputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
+        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*) {
             uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::MODEL_OUTPUT);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operations[operation].outputs, index);
             hidl_vec_push_back(&model->outputIndexes, index);
@@ -681,12 +698,13 @@
 };
 
 static void mutateExecutionPreferenceTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (int32_t preference : invalidExecutionPreferences) {
+    for (int32_t invalidPreference : invalidExecutionPreferences) {
         const std::string message =
-                "mutateExecutionPreferenceTest: preference " + std::to_string(preference);
-        validate(
-                device, message, model, [](Model*) {},
-                static_cast<ExecutionPreference>(preference));
+                "mutateExecutionPreferenceTest: preference " + std::to_string(invalidPreference);
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [invalidPreference](Model*, ExecutionPreference* preference) {
+                     *preference = static_cast<ExecutionPreference>(invalidPreference);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
index 8498cb0..934d893 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
 using V1_0::Request;
 
+using ExecutionMutation = std::function<void(Request*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 static bool badTiming(Timing timing) {
@@ -38,11 +40,11 @@
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid request, apply a
 // mutation to it to invalidate the request, then pass it to interface calls
-// that use the request. Note that the request here is passed by value, and any
-// mutation to the request does not leave this function.
+// that use the request.
 static void validate(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const std::string& message,
-                     Request request, const std::function<void(Request*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&request);
+                     const Request& originalRequest, const ExecutionMutation& mutate) {
+    Request request = originalRequest;
+    mutate(&request);
 
     // We'd like to test both with timing requested and without timing
     // requested. Rather than running each test both ways, we'll decide whether
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
index 83a8d94..aae58bf 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
@@ -493,6 +493,13 @@
     return outputBuffers;
 }
 
+static bool hasZeroSizedOutput(const TestModel& testModel) {
+    return std::any_of(testModel.main.outputIndexes.begin(), testModel.main.outputIndexes.end(),
+                       [&testModel](uint32_t index) {
+                           return testModel.main.operands[index].data.size() == 0;
+                       });
+}
+
 static Return<ErrorStatus> ExecutePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
                                                 const Request& request, MeasureTiming measure,
                                                 const OptionalTimeoutDuration& loopTimeoutDuration,
@@ -689,6 +696,11 @@
 
     switch (testConfig.outputType) {
         case OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED:
+            if (testConfig.executor == Executor::FENCED && hasZeroSizedOutput(testModel)) {
+                // Executor::FENCED does not support zero-sized output.
+                ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, executionStatus);
+                return;
+            }
             // If the model output operands are fully specified, outputShapes must be either
             // either empty, or have the same number of elements as the number of outputs.
             ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, executionStatus);
@@ -936,13 +948,8 @@
 INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(MemoryDomainTest,
                            [](const TestModel& testModel) { return !testModel.expectFailure; });
 
-INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(FencedComputeTest, [](const TestModel& testModel) {
-    return !testModel.expectFailure &&
-           std::all_of(testModel.main.outputIndexes.begin(), testModel.main.outputIndexes.end(),
-                       [&testModel](uint32_t index) {
-                           return testModel.main.operands[index].data.size() > 0;
-                       });
-});
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(FencedComputeTest,
+                           [](const TestModel& testModel) { return !testModel.expectFailure; });
 
 INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(QuantizationCouplingTest, [](const TestModel& testModel) {
     return testModel.hasQuant8CoupledOperands() && testModel.main.operations.size() == 1;
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
index aecb7b7..c78439c 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@
 using V1_2::Timing;
 using ExecutionBurstCallback = ExecutionBurstController::ExecutionBurstCallback;
 
+using BurstExecutionMutation = std::function<void(std::vector<FmqRequestDatum>*)>;
+
 // This constant value represents the length of an FMQ that is large enough to
 // return a result from a burst execution for all of the generated test cases.
 constexpr size_t kExecutionBurstChannelLength = 1024;
@@ -121,13 +123,13 @@
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid serialized
 // request, apply a mutation to it to invalidate the serialized request, then
-// pass it to interface calls that use the serialized request. Note that the
-// serialized request here is passed by value, and any mutation to the
-// serialized request does not leave this function.
+// pass it to interface calls that use the serialized request.
 static void validate(RequestChannelSender* sender, ResultChannelReceiver* receiver,
-                     const std::string& message, std::vector<FmqRequestDatum> serialized,
-                     const std::function<void(std::vector<FmqRequestDatum>*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&serialized);
+                     const std::string& message,
+                     const std::vector<FmqRequestDatum>& originalSerialized,
+                     const BurstExecutionMutation& mutate) {
+    std::vector<FmqRequestDatum> serialized = originalSerialized;
+    mutate(&serialized);
 
     // skip if packet is too large to send
     if (serialized.size() > kExecutionBurstChannelLength) {
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
index 7da2da9..4c0100e 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 using HidlToken =
         hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(V1_2::Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
 
+using PrepareModelMutation = std::function<void(Model*, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 static void validateGetSupportedOperations(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
@@ -44,13 +46,14 @@
 }
 
 static void validatePrepareModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
-                                 const Model& model, ExecutionPreference preference) {
+                                 const Model& model, ExecutionPreference preference,
+                                 Priority priority) {
     SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [prepareModel_1_3]");
 
     sp<PreparedModelCallback> preparedModelCallback = new PreparedModelCallback();
-    Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus = device->prepareModel_1_3(
-            model, preference, kDefaultPriority, {}, hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(),
-            hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), HidlToken(), preparedModelCallback);
+    Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus =
+            device->prepareModel_1_3(model, preference, priority, {}, hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(),
+                                     hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), HidlToken(), preparedModelCallback);
     ASSERT_TRUE(prepareLaunchStatus.isOk());
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(prepareLaunchStatus));
 
@@ -67,18 +70,26 @@
            preference == ExecutionPreference::SUSTAINED_SPEED;
 }
 
+static bool validExecutionPriority(Priority priority) {
+    return priority == Priority::LOW || priority == Priority::MEDIUM || priority == Priority::HIGH;
+}
+
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid model, apply a
-// mutation to it to invalidate the model, then pass it to interface calls that
-// use the model. Note that the model here is passed by value, and any mutation
-// to the model does not leave this function.
-static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message, Model model,
-                     const std::function<void(Model*)>& mutation,
-                     ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER) {
-    mutation(&model);
-    if (validExecutionPreference(preference)) {
+// mutation to invalidate the model, the execution preference, or the priority,
+// then pass these to supportedOperations and/or prepareModel if that method is
+// called with an invalid argument.
+static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
+                     const Model& originalModel, const PrepareModelMutation& mutate) {
+    Model model = originalModel;
+    ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER;
+    Priority priority = kDefaultPriority;
+    mutate(&model, &preference, &priority);
+
+    if (validExecutionPreference(preference) && validExecutionPriority(priority)) {
         validateGetSupportedOperations(device, message, model);
     }
-    validatePrepareModel(device, message, model, preference);
+
+    validatePrepareModel(device, message, model, preference, priority);
 }
 
 static uint32_t addOperand(Model* model) {
@@ -116,9 +127,11 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperandType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                model->main.operands[operand].type = static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                         model->main.operands[operand].type =
+                                 static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -156,9 +169,11 @@
         }
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandRankTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has rank of " + std::to_string(invalidRank);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidRank](Model* model) {
-            model->main.operands[operand].dimensions = std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operand, invalidRank](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                     model->main.operands[operand].dimensions =
+                             std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -194,9 +209,10 @@
         const float invalidScale = getInvalidScale(model.main.operands[operand].type);
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandScaleTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has scale of " + std::to_string(invalidScale);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidScale](Model* model) {
-            model->main.operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operand, invalidScale](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                     model->main.operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -237,9 +253,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandZeroPointTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " has zero point of " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidZeroPoint);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model) {
-                model->main.operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                         model->main.operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -425,9 +442,10 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to type " +
                                         toString(invalidOperandType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                mutateOperand(&model->main.operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                         mutateOperand(&model->main.operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -446,10 +464,12 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationTypeTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperationType);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model) {
-                model->main.operations[operation].type =
-                        static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*,
+                                                       Priority*) {
+                         model->main.operations[operation].type =
+                                 static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -463,9 +483,11 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationInputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->main.operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*,
+                                                        Priority*) {
+                         model->main.operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -480,9 +502,11 @@
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOutputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->main.operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*,
+                                                         Priority*) {
+                         model->main.operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -548,8 +572,9 @@
             continue;
         }
         const std::string message = "removeOperandTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand);
-        validate(device, message, model,
-                 [operand](Model* model) { removeOperand(model, operand); });
+        validate(device, message, model, [operand](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+            removeOperand(model, operand);
+        });
     }
 }
 
@@ -566,7 +591,9 @@
     for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message = "removeOperationTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
         validate(device, message, model,
-                 [operation](Model* model) { removeOperation(model, operation); });
+                 [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                     removeOperation(model, operation);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -654,11 +681,12 @@
             const std::string message = "removeOperationInputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, input](Model* model) {
-                uint32_t operand = model->main.operations[operation].inputs[input];
-                model->main.operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->main.operations[operation].inputs, input);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, input](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                         uint32_t operand = model->main.operations[operation].inputs[input];
+                         model->main.operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
+                         hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->main.operations[operation].inputs, input);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -672,9 +700,10 @@
             const std::string message = "removeOperationOutputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
-            validate(device, message, model, [operation, output](Model* model) {
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->main.operations[operation].outputs, output);
-            });
+            validate(device, message, model,
+                     [operation, output](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                         hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->main.operations[operation].outputs, output);
+                     });
         }
     }
 }
@@ -707,11 +736,12 @@
             continue;
         }
         const std::string message = "addOperationInputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
-            uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_INPUT);
-            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.operations[operation].inputs, index);
-            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.inputIndexes, index);
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                     uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_INPUT);
+                     hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.operations[operation].inputs, index);
+                     hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.inputIndexes, index);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -721,11 +751,12 @@
     for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message =
                 "addOperationOutputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
-        validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
-            uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT);
-            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.operations[operation].outputs, index);
-            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.outputIndexes, index);
-        });
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [operation](Model* model, ExecutionPreference*, Priority*) {
+                     uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT);
+                     hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.operations[operation].outputs, index);
+                     hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.outputIndexes, index);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -737,12 +768,31 @@
 };
 
 static void mutateExecutionPreferenceTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (int32_t preference : invalidExecutionPreferences) {
+    for (int32_t invalidPreference : invalidExecutionPreferences) {
         const std::string message =
-                "mutateExecutionPreferenceTest: preference " + std::to_string(preference);
-        validate(
-                device, message, model, [](Model*) {},
-                static_cast<ExecutionPreference>(preference));
+                "mutateExecutionPreferenceTest: preference " + std::to_string(invalidPreference);
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [invalidPreference](Model*, ExecutionPreference* preference, Priority*) {
+                     *preference = static_cast<ExecutionPreference>(invalidPreference);
+                 });
+    }
+}
+
+///////////////////////// VALIDATE PRIORITY /////////////////////////
+
+static const int32_t invalidPriorities[] = {
+        static_cast<int32_t>(Priority::LOW) - 1,   // lower bound
+        static_cast<int32_t>(Priority::HIGH) + 1,  // upper bound
+};
+
+static void mutateExecutionPriorityTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
+    for (int32_t invalidPriority : invalidPriorities) {
+        const std::string message =
+                "mutatePriorityTest: priority " + std::to_string(invalidPriority);
+        validate(device, message, model,
+                 [invalidPriority](Model*, ExecutionPreference*, Priority* priority) {
+                     *priority = static_cast<Priority>(invalidPriority);
+                 });
     }
 }
 
@@ -764,6 +814,7 @@
     addOperationInputTest(device, model);
     addOperationOutputTest(device, model);
     mutateExecutionPreferenceTest(device, model);
+    mutateExecutionPriorityTest(device, model);
 }
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
index 5e806e5..1ae8b3f 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@
 using V1_2::OutputShape;
 using V1_2::Timing;
 
+using ExecutionMutation = std::function<void(Request*)>;
+
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
 static bool badTiming(Timing timing) {
@@ -42,11 +44,11 @@
 
 // Primary validation function. This function will take a valid request, apply a
 // mutation to it to invalidate the request, then pass it to interface calls
-// that use the request. Note that the request here is passed by value, and any
-// mutation to the request does not leave this function.
+// that use the request.
 static void validate(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const std::string& message,
-                     Request request, const std::function<void(Request*)>& mutation) {
-    mutation(&request);
+                     const Request& originalRequest, const ExecutionMutation& mutate) {
+    Request request = originalRequest;
+    mutate(&request);
 
     // We'd like to test both with timing requested and without timing
     // requested. Rather than running each test both ways, we'll decide whether
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index 4e48141..ca64305 100644
--- a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -75,38 +75,3 @@
             radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.error,
             {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR}));
 }
-
-/*
- * Test IRadio.setSystemSelectionChannels() for the response returned.
- *
- * This test is excluded from manifest, due to non-implementation in Q. Tracked by b/130254624.
- */
-TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_3, setSystemSelectionChannels) {
-    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
-
-    RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
-                                      .geranBands = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480},
-                                      .channels = {1, 2}};
-
-    Return<void> res = radio_v1_3->setSystemSelectionChannels(serial, true, {specifier});
-    ASSERT_OK(res);
-    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
-    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.type);
-    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.serial);
-    ALOGI("setSystemSelectionChannels, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
-          toString(radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.error).c_str());
-    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE, RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR}));
-
-    if (radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE) {
-        Return<void> res = radio_v1_3->setSystemSelectionChannels(serial, false, {specifier});
-        ASSERT_OK(res);
-        EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.type);
-        EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.serial);
-        ALOGI("setSystemSelectionChannels, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
-              toString(radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.error).c_str());
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_3->rspInfo.error);
-    }
-}
\ No newline at end of file