diff --git a/audio/aidl/TEST_MAPPING b/audio/aidl/TEST_MAPPING
index 6a545c1..a166e61 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/audio/aidl/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -13,9 +13,6 @@
       "name": "VtsHalDownmixTargetTest"
     },
     {
-      "name": "VtsHalDynamicsProcessingTargetTest"
-    },
-    {
       "name": "VtsHalEnvironmentalReverbTargetTest"
     },
     {
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/EffectHelper.h b/audio/aidl/vts/EffectHelper.h
index 526a012..5ed8e1f 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/EffectHelper.h
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/EffectHelper.h
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <type_traits>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <aidl/android/media/audio/common/AudioChannelLayout.h>
 #include <android/binder_auto_utils.h>
 #include <fmq/AidlMessageQueue.h>
+#include <system/audio_effects/aidl_effects_utils.h>
 
 #include "AudioHalBinderServiceUtil.h"
 #include "EffectFactoryHelper.h"
@@ -37,6 +39,7 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Parameter;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Range;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::State;
 using aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite;
 using aidl::android::media::audio::common::AudioChannelLayout;
@@ -205,4 +208,58 @@
         std::unique_ptr<DataMQ> inputMQ;
         std::unique_ptr<DataMQ> outputMQ;
     };
+
+    template <typename T, Range::Tag tag>
+    static bool isParameterValid(const T& target, const Descriptor& desc) {
+        if (desc.capability.range.getTag() != tag) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        const auto& ranges = desc.capability.range.get<tag>();
+        return inRange(target, ranges);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Add to test value set: (min+max)/2, minimum/maximum numeric limits, and min-1/max+1 if
+     * result still in numeric limits after -1/+1.
+     * Only use this when the type of test value is basic type (std::is_arithmetic return true).
+     */
+    template <typename S, typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_arithmetic_v<S>>>
+    static std::set<S> expandTestValueBasic(std::set<S>& s) {
+        const auto min = *s.begin(), max = *s.rbegin();
+        const auto minLimit = std::numeric_limits<S>::min(),
+                   maxLimit = std::numeric_limits<S>::max();
+        if (s.size()) {
+            s.insert(min + (max - min) / 2);
+            if (min != minLimit) {
+                s.insert(min - 1);
+            }
+            if (max != maxLimit) {
+                s.insert(max + 1);
+            }
+        }
+        s.insert(minLimit);
+        s.insert(maxLimit);
+        return s;
+    }
+
+    template <typename T, typename S, Range::Tag R, typename T::Tag tag, typename Functor>
+    static std::set<S> getTestValueSet(
+            std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>> kFactoryDescList,
+            Functor functor) {
+        std::set<S> result;
+        for (const auto& [_, desc] : kFactoryDescList) {
+            if (desc.capability.range.getTag() == R) {
+                const auto& ranges = desc.capability.range.get<R>();
+                for (const auto& range : ranges) {
+                    if (range.min.getTag() == tag) {
+                        result.insert(range.min.template get<tag>());
+                    }
+                    if (range.max.getTag() == tag) {
+                        result.insert(range.max.template get<tag>());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        return functor(result);
+    }
 };
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAECTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAECTargetTest.cpp
index c3427c8..39be191 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAECTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAECTargetTest.cpp
@@ -23,16 +23,17 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "VtsHalAECParamTest"
 
 #include "EffectHelper.h"
+#include "effect-impl/EffectTypes.h"
 
 using namespace android;
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::AcousticEchoCanceler;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kAcousticEchoCancelerTypeUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Parameter;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Range;
 
 enum ParamName { PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME, PARAM_ECHO_DELAY, PARAM_MOBILE_MODE };
 using AECParamTestParam = std::tuple<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>,
@@ -87,7 +88,8 @@
             // validate parameter
             Descriptor desc;
             ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-            const bool valid = isTagInRange(tag, aec, desc);
+            const bool valid =
+                    isParameterValid<AcousticEchoCanceler, Range::acousticEchoCanceler>(aec, desc);
             const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
 
             // set parameter
@@ -124,54 +126,6 @@
         mTags.push_back({AcousticEchoCanceler::mobileMode, aec});
     }
 
-    bool isTagInRange(const AcousticEchoCanceler::Tag& tag, const AcousticEchoCanceler& aec,
-                      const Descriptor& desc) const {
-        const AcousticEchoCanceler::Capability& aecCap =
-                desc.capability.get<Capability::acousticEchoCanceler>();
-        switch (tag) {
-            case AcousticEchoCanceler::echoDelayUs: {
-                return isEchoDelayInRange(aecCap, aec.get<AcousticEchoCanceler::echoDelayUs>());
-            }
-            case AcousticEchoCanceler::mobileMode: {
-                bool mode = aec.get<AcousticEchoCanceler::mobileMode>();
-                return isMobileModeValid(aecCap, mode);
-            }
-            default:
-                return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    bool isEchoDelayInRange(const AcousticEchoCanceler::Capability& cap, int delay) const {
-        return (delay >= 0 && delay <= cap.maxEchoDelayUs);
-    }
-
-    bool isMobileModeValid(const AcousticEchoCanceler::Capability& cap, bool mode) const {
-        if (cap.supportMobileMode) {
-            return true;
-        } else {
-            return mode == false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getEchoDelayTestValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kAcousticEchoCancelerTypeUUID);
-        const auto max = std::max_element(
-                descList.begin(), descList.end(),
-                [](const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& a,
-                   const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& b) {
-                    return a.second.capability.get<Capability::acousticEchoCanceler>()
-                                   .maxEchoDelayUs <
-                           b.second.capability.get<Capability::acousticEchoCanceler>()
-                                   .maxEchoDelayUs;
-                });
-        if (max == descList.end()) {
-            return {0};
-        }
-        int maxDelay =
-                max->second.capability.get<Capability::acousticEchoCanceler>().maxEchoDelayUs;
-        return {-1, 0, maxDelay - 1, maxDelay, maxDelay + 1};
-    }
     static std::unordered_set<bool> getMobileModeValues() { return {true, false}; }
 
   private:
@@ -189,12 +143,20 @@
     SetAndGetParameters();
 }
 
+std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>> kDescPair;
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         AECParamTest, AECParamTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                   IFactory::descriptor, kAcousticEchoCancelerTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(AECParamTest::getEchoDelayTestValues()),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(AECParamTest::getMobileModeValues())),
+        ::testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(kDescPair = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
+                                          IFactory::descriptor, kAcousticEchoCancelerTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<AcousticEchoCanceler, int,
+                                                                Range::acousticEchoCanceler,
+                                                                AcousticEchoCanceler::echoDelayUs>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<AcousticEchoCanceler, bool,
+                                                                Range::acousticEchoCanceler,
+                                                                AcousticEchoCanceler::mobileMode>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<bool>))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<AECParamTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(info.param).second;
             std::string echoDelay = std::to_string(std::get<PARAM_ECHO_DELAY>(info.param));
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAGCTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAGCTargetTest.cpp
index 3448ae2..974c2e7 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAGCTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalAGCTargetTest.cpp
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 using namespace android;
 
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::AutomaticGainControl;
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
@@ -94,7 +93,8 @@
             // validate parameter
             Descriptor desc;
             ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-            const bool valid = isTagInRange(tag, AGC, desc);
+            const bool valid =
+                    isParameterValid<AutomaticGainControl, Range::automaticGainControl>(AGC, desc);
             const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
 
             // set parameter
@@ -135,65 +135,7 @@
         mTags.push_back({AutomaticGainControl::levelEstimator, AGC});
     }
 
-    bool isTagInRange(const AutomaticGainControl::Tag& tag, const AutomaticGainControl& AGC,
-                      const Descriptor& desc) const {
-        const AutomaticGainControl::Capability& AGCCap =
-                desc.capability.get<Capability::automaticGainControl>();
-        switch (tag) {
-            case AutomaticGainControl::fixedDigitalGainMb: {
-                auto gain = AGC.get<AutomaticGainControl::fixedDigitalGainMb>();
-                return gain >= 0 && gain <= AGCCap.maxFixedDigitalGainMb;
-            }
-            case AutomaticGainControl::levelEstimator: {
-                return true;
-            }
-            case AutomaticGainControl::saturationMarginMb: {
-                auto margin = AGC.get<AutomaticGainControl::saturationMarginMb>();
-                return margin >= 0 && margin <= AGCCap.maxSaturationMarginMb;
-            }
-            default:
-                return false;
-        }
-    }
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getDigitalGainValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kAutomaticGainControlTypeUUID);
-        const auto max = std::max_element(
-                descList.begin(), descList.end(),
-                [](const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& a,
-                   const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& b) {
-                    return a.second.capability.get<Capability::automaticGainControl>()
-                                   .maxFixedDigitalGainMb <
-                           b.second.capability.get<Capability::automaticGainControl>()
-                                   .maxFixedDigitalGainMb;
-                });
-        if (max == descList.end()) {
-            return {0};
-        }
-        int maxGain = max->second.capability.get<Capability::automaticGainControl>()
-                              .maxFixedDigitalGainMb;
-        return {-1, 0, maxGain - 1, maxGain, maxGain + 1};
-    }
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getSaturationMarginValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kAutomaticGainControlTypeUUID);
-        const auto max = std::max_element(
-                descList.begin(), descList.end(),
-                [](const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& a,
-                   const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& b) {
-                    return a.second.capability.get<Capability::automaticGainControl>()
-                                   .maxSaturationMarginMb <
-                           b.second.capability.get<Capability::automaticGainControl>()
-                                   .maxSaturationMarginMb;
-                });
-        if (max == descList.end()) {
-            return {0};
-        }
-        int maxMargin = max->second.capability.get<Capability::automaticGainControl>()
-                                .maxSaturationMarginMb;
-        return {-1, 0, maxMargin - 1, maxMargin, maxMargin + 1};
-    }
-    static std::unordered_set<AutomaticGainControl::LevelEstimator> getLevelEstimatorValues() {
+    static std::set<AutomaticGainControl::LevelEstimator> getLevelEstimatorValues() {
         return {ndk::enum_range<AutomaticGainControl::LevelEstimator>().begin(),
                 ndk::enum_range<AutomaticGainControl::LevelEstimator>().end()};
     }
@@ -218,13 +160,21 @@
     SetAndGetParameters();
 }
 
+std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>> kDescPair;
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         AGCParamTest, AGCParamTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                   IFactory::descriptor, kAutomaticGainControlTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(AGCParamTest::getDigitalGainValues()),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(AGCParamTest::getSaturationMarginValues()),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(AGCParamTest::getLevelEstimatorValues())),
+        ::testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(kDescPair = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
+                                          IFactory::descriptor, kAutomaticGainControlTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<
+                                  AutomaticGainControl, int, Range::automaticGainControl,
+                                  AutomaticGainControl::fixedDigitalGainMb>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<
+                                  AutomaticGainControl, int, Range::automaticGainControl,
+                                  AutomaticGainControl::saturationMarginMb>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(AGCParamTest::getLevelEstimatorValues())),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<AGCParamTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(info.param).second;
             std::string gain = std::to_string(std::get<PARAM_DIGITAL_GAIN>(info.param));
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalBassBoostTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalBassBoostTargetTest.cpp
index d49a865..a1862d2 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalBassBoostTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalBassBoostTargetTest.cpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::kBassBoostTypeUUID;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Parameter;
+using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Range;
 
 /**
  * Here we focus on specific parameter checking, general IEffect interfaces testing performed in
@@ -92,7 +93,7 @@
             // validate parameter
             Descriptor desc;
             ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-            const bool valid = isTagInRange(it.first, it.second, desc);
+            const bool valid = isParameterValid<BassBoost, Range::bassBoost>(it.second, desc);
             const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
 
             // set parameter
@@ -122,46 +123,6 @@
         mTags.push_back({BassBoost::strengthPm, bb});
     }
 
-    bool isTagInRange(const BassBoost::Tag& tag, const BassBoost& bb,
-                      const Descriptor& desc) const {
-        const BassBoost::Capability& bbCap = desc.capability.get<Capability::bassBoost>();
-        switch (tag) {
-            case BassBoost::strengthPm: {
-                int strength = bb.get<BassBoost::strengthPm>();
-                return isStrengthInRange(bbCap, strength);
-            }
-            default:
-                return false;
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    bool isStrengthInRange(const BassBoost::Capability& cap, int strength) const {
-        return cap.strengthSupported && strength >= 0 && strength <= cap.maxStrengthPm;
-    }
-
-    static std::vector<int> getStrengthTestValues(
-            std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>> kFactoryDescList) {
-        const auto max = std::max_element(
-                kFactoryDescList.begin(), kFactoryDescList.end(),
-                [](const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& a,
-                   const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& b) {
-                    return a.second.capability.get<Capability::bassBoost>().maxStrengthPm <
-                           b.second.capability.get<Capability::bassBoost>().maxStrengthPm;
-                });
-        if (max == kFactoryDescList.end()) {
-            return {0};
-        }
-        int maxStrength = max->second.capability.get<Capability::bassBoost>().maxStrengthPm;
-        return {std::numeric_limits<int>::min(),
-                -1,
-                0,
-                maxStrength >> 1,
-                maxStrength,
-                maxStrength + 1,
-                std::numeric_limits<int>::max()};
-    }
-
   private:
     std::vector<std::pair<BassBoost::Tag, BassBoost>> mTags;
     void CleanUp() { mTags.clear(); }
@@ -172,14 +133,15 @@
     SetAndGetBassBoostParameters();
 }
 
+std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>> kDescPair;
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         BassBoostTest, BassBoostParamTest,
         ::testing::Combine(
-                testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                               kBassBoostTypeUUID)),
-                testing::ValuesIn(BassBoostParamTest::getStrengthTestValues(
-                        EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kBassBoostTypeUUID)))),
+                testing::ValuesIn(kDescPair = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
+                                          IFactory::descriptor, kBassBoostTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<BassBoost, int, Range::bassBoost,
+                                                                BassBoost::strengthPm>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<BassBoostParamTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(info.param).second;
             std::string strength = std::to_string(std::get<PARAM_STRENGTH>(info.param));
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalDownmixTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalDownmixTargetTest.cpp
index 8612660..0601cc4 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalDownmixTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalDownmixTargetTest.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 
 using namespace android;
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Downmix;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalDynamicsProcessingTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalDynamicsProcessingTest.cpp
index 9feff91..ece07f0 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalDynamicsProcessingTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalDynamicsProcessingTest.cpp
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 
 using namespace android;
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::DynamicsProcessing;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
@@ -82,31 +81,8 @@
     }
 
     // utils functions for parameter checking
-    bool isParamValid(const DynamicsProcessing::Tag& tag, const DynamicsProcessing& dp,
-                      const Descriptor& desc);
     bool isParamEqual(const DynamicsProcessing::Tag& tag, const DynamicsProcessing& dpRef,
                       const DynamicsProcessing& dpTest);
-
-    bool isEnablementValid(const DynamicsProcessing::StageEnablement& enablement);
-    bool isEngineConfigValid(const DynamicsProcessing::EngineArchitecture& cfg);
-
-    bool isCutoffFrequencyValid(float freq, const DynamicsProcessing::Capability& cap);
-    bool isChannelConfigValid(const std::vector<DynamicsProcessing::ChannelConfig>& cfgs,
-                              bool stageInUse);
-
-    bool isPreEqBandConfigValid(const DynamicsProcessing::Capability& cap,
-                                const std::vector<DynamicsProcessing::EqBandConfig>& cfgs,
-                                bool stageInUse, int bandCount);
-    bool isPostEqBandConfigValid(const DynamicsProcessing::Capability& cap,
-                                 const std::vector<DynamicsProcessing::EqBandConfig>& cfgs,
-                                 bool stageInUse, int bandCount);
-    bool isMbcBandConfigValid(const DynamicsProcessing::Capability& cap,
-                              const std::vector<DynamicsProcessing::MbcBandConfig>& cfgs,
-                              bool stageInUse, int bandCount);
-    bool isLimiterConfigValid(const std::vector<DynamicsProcessing::LimiterConfig>& cfgs,
-                              bool stageInUse);
-    bool isInputGainValid(const std::vector<DynamicsProcessing::InputGain>& cfgs);
-
     bool isEngineConfigEqual(const DynamicsProcessing::EngineArchitecture& refCfg,
                              const DynamicsProcessing::EngineArchitecture& testCfg);
 
@@ -201,56 +177,6 @@
 
                 {{.channel = -1, .gainDb = 10.f}, {.channel = 0, .gainDb = -10.f}}};
 
-bool DynamicsProcessingTestHelper::isParamValid(const DynamicsProcessing::Tag& tag,
-                                                const DynamicsProcessing& dp,
-                                                const Descriptor& desc) {
-    const DynamicsProcessing::Capability& dpCap =
-            desc.capability.get<Capability::dynamicsProcessing>();
-    switch (tag) {
-        case DynamicsProcessing::engineArchitecture: {
-            return isEngineConfigValid(dp.get<DynamicsProcessing::engineArchitecture>());
-        }
-        case DynamicsProcessing::preEq: {
-            return isChannelConfigValid(dp.get<DynamicsProcessing::preEq>(),
-                                        mEngineConfigApplied.preEqStage.inUse);
-        }
-        case DynamicsProcessing::postEq: {
-            return isChannelConfigValid(dp.get<DynamicsProcessing::postEq>(),
-                                        mEngineConfigApplied.postEqStage.inUse);
-        }
-        case DynamicsProcessing::mbc: {
-            return isChannelConfigValid(dp.get<DynamicsProcessing::mbc>(),
-                                        mEngineConfigApplied.mbcStage.inUse);
-        }
-        case DynamicsProcessing::preEqBand: {
-            return isPreEqBandConfigValid(dpCap, dp.get<DynamicsProcessing::preEqBand>(),
-                                          mEngineConfigApplied.preEqStage.inUse,
-                                          mEngineConfigApplied.preEqStage.bandCount);
-        }
-        case DynamicsProcessing::postEqBand: {
-            return isPostEqBandConfigValid(dpCap, dp.get<DynamicsProcessing::postEqBand>(),
-                                           mEngineConfigApplied.postEqStage.inUse,
-                                           mEngineConfigApplied.postEqStage.bandCount);
-        }
-        case DynamicsProcessing::mbcBand: {
-            return isMbcBandConfigValid(dpCap, dp.get<DynamicsProcessing::mbcBand>(),
-                                        mEngineConfigApplied.mbcStage.inUse,
-                                        mEngineConfigApplied.mbcStage.bandCount);
-        }
-        case DynamicsProcessing::limiter: {
-            return isLimiterConfigValid(dp.get<DynamicsProcessing::limiter>(),
-                                        mEngineConfigApplied.limiterInUse);
-        }
-        case DynamicsProcessing::inputGain: {
-            return isInputGainValid(dp.get<DynamicsProcessing::inputGain>());
-        }
-        case DynamicsProcessing::vendorExtension: {
-            return true;
-        }
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
 bool DynamicsProcessingTestHelper::isParamEqual(const DynamicsProcessing::Tag& tag,
                                                 const DynamicsProcessing& dpRef,
                                                 const DynamicsProcessing& dpTest) {
@@ -304,117 +230,6 @@
     }
 }
 
-bool DynamicsProcessingTestHelper::isEnablementValid(
-        const DynamicsProcessing::StageEnablement& enablement) {
-    return !enablement.inUse || (enablement.inUse && enablement.bandCount > 0);
-}
-
-bool DynamicsProcessingTestHelper::isEngineConfigValid(
-        const DynamicsProcessing::EngineArchitecture& cfg) {
-    return cfg.preferredProcessingDurationMs >= 0 && isEnablementValid(cfg.preEqStage) &&
-           isEnablementValid(cfg.postEqStage) && isEnablementValid(cfg.mbcStage);
-}
-
-bool DynamicsProcessingTestHelper::isChannelConfigValid(
-        const std::vector<DynamicsProcessing::ChannelConfig>& cfgs, bool stageInUse) {
-    std::unordered_set<int> channelSet;
-    if (!stageInUse) return false;
-    for (auto cfg : cfgs) {
-        if (cfg.channel < 0 || cfg.channel >= mChannelCount || 0 != channelSet.count(cfg.channel)) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        channelSet.insert(cfg.channel);
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-bool DynamicsProcessingTestHelper::isCutoffFrequencyValid(
-        float freq, const DynamicsProcessing::Capability& cap) {
-    return freq >= cap.minCutOffFreq && freq <= cap.maxCutOffFreq;
-}
-
-bool DynamicsProcessingTestHelper::isPreEqBandConfigValid(
-        const DynamicsProcessing::Capability& cap,
-        const std::vector<DynamicsProcessing::EqBandConfig>& cfgs, bool stageInUse, int bandCount) {
-    std::set<std::pair<int /* channelID */, int /* bandID */>> bandSet;
-    if (!stageInUse) return false;
-    for (auto cfg : cfgs) {
-        if (0 == mPreEqChannelEnable.count(cfg.channel) || cfg.channel < 0 ||
-            cfg.channel >= mChannelCount || cfg.band < 0 || cfg.band >= bandCount ||
-            !isCutoffFrequencyValid(cfg.cutoffFrequencyHz, cap) ||
-            0 != bandSet.count({cfg.channel, cfg.band})) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        bandSet.insert({cfg.channel, cfg.band});
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-bool DynamicsProcessingTestHelper::isPostEqBandConfigValid(
-        const DynamicsProcessing::Capability& cap,
-        const std::vector<DynamicsProcessing::EqBandConfig>& cfgs, bool stageInUse, int bandCount) {
-    std::set<std::pair<int /* channelID */, int /* bandID */>> bandSet;
-    // not able to set/get parameter when stage not in use.
-    if (!stageInUse) return false;
-    for (auto cfg : cfgs) {
-        if (0 == mPostEqChannelEnable.count(cfg.channel) || cfg.channel < 0 ||
-            cfg.channel >= mChannelCount || cfg.band < 0 || cfg.band >= bandCount ||
-            !isCutoffFrequencyValid(cfg.cutoffFrequencyHz, cap) ||
-            0 != bandSet.count({cfg.channel, cfg.band})) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        bandSet.insert({cfg.channel, cfg.band});
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-bool DynamicsProcessingTestHelper::isMbcBandConfigValid(
-        const DynamicsProcessing::Capability& cap,
-        const std::vector<DynamicsProcessing::MbcBandConfig>& cfgs, bool stageInUse,
-        int bandCount) {
-    std::set<std::pair<int /* channelID */, int /* bandID */>> bandSet;
-    if (!stageInUse) return false;
-    for (auto cfg : cfgs) {
-        if (0 == mMbcChannelEnable.count(cfg.channel) || cfg.channel < 0 ||
-            cfg.channel >= mChannelCount || cfg.band < 0 || cfg.band >= bandCount ||
-            (cfg.attackTimeMs < 0) || cfg.releaseTimeMs < 0 || cfg.ratio < 0 ||
-            cfg.thresholdDb > 0 || cfg.kneeWidthDb < 0 || cfg.noiseGateThresholdDb > 0 ||
-            cfg.expanderRatio < 0 || !isCutoffFrequencyValid(cfg.cutoffFrequencyHz, cap) ||
-            0 != bandSet.count({cfg.channel, cfg.band})) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        bandSet.insert({cfg.channel, cfg.band});
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-bool DynamicsProcessingTestHelper::isLimiterConfigValid(
-        const std::vector<DynamicsProcessing::LimiterConfig>& cfgs, bool stageInUse) {
-    std::set<int> channelSet;
-    if (!stageInUse) return false;
-    for (auto cfg : cfgs) {
-        if (0 == mLimiterChannelEnable.count(cfg.channel) || cfg.channel < 0 ||
-            cfg.channel >= mChannelCount || cfg.attackTimeMs < 0 || cfg.releaseTimeMs < 0 ||
-            cfg.ratio < 0 || cfg.thresholdDb > 0 || 0 != channelSet.count(cfg.channel)) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        channelSet.insert(cfg.channel);
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-bool DynamicsProcessingTestHelper::isInputGainValid(
-        const std::vector<DynamicsProcessing::InputGain>& cfgs) {
-    std::set<int> channelSet;
-    for (auto cfg : cfgs) {
-        if (cfg.channel < 0 || cfg.channel >= mChannelCount || 0 != channelSet.count(cfg.channel)) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        channelSet.insert(cfg.channel);
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
 bool DynamicsProcessingTestHelper::isEngineConfigEqual(
         const DynamicsProcessing::EngineArchitecture& ref,
         const DynamicsProcessing::EngineArchitecture& test) {
@@ -455,7 +270,8 @@
         // validate parameter
         Descriptor desc;
         ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-        const bool valid = isParamValid(tag, dp, desc);
+        const bool valid =
+                isParameterValid<DynamicsProcessing, Range::dynamicsProcessing>(dp, desc);
         const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
 
         // set parameter
@@ -463,7 +279,10 @@
         Parameter::Specific specific;
         specific.set<Parameter::Specific::dynamicsProcessing>(dp);
         expectParam.set<Parameter::specific>(specific);
-        ASSERT_STATUS(expected, mEffect->setParameter(expectParam)) << expectParam.toString();
+        ASSERT_STATUS(expected, mEffect->setParameter(expectParam))
+                << "\n"
+                << expectParam.toString() << "\n"
+                << desc.toString();
 
         // only get if parameter in range and set success
         if (expected == EX_NONE) {
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalEnvironmentalReverbTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalEnvironmentalReverbTargetTest.cpp
index 82c8757..fea41cb 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalEnvironmentalReverbTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalEnvironmentalReverbTargetTest.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 
 using namespace android;
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::EnvironmentalReverb;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
@@ -93,7 +92,8 @@
             // validate parameter
             Descriptor desc;
             ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-            const bool valid = isTagInRange(it.first, it.second, desc);
+            const bool valid = isParameterValid<EnvironmentalReverb, Range::environmentalReverb>(
+                    it.second, desc);
             const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
 
             // set
@@ -171,239 +171,6 @@
         mTags.push_back({EnvironmentalReverb::bypass, er});
     }
 
-    bool isTagInRange(const EnvironmentalReverb::Tag& tag, const EnvironmentalReverb er,
-                      const Descriptor& desc) const {
-        const EnvironmentalReverb::Capability& erCap =
-                desc.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>();
-        switch (tag) {
-            case EnvironmentalReverb::roomLevelMb: {
-                int roomLevel = er.get<EnvironmentalReverb::roomLevelMb>();
-                return isRoomLevelInRange(erCap, roomLevel);
-            }
-            case EnvironmentalReverb::roomHfLevelMb: {
-                int roomHfLevel = er.get<EnvironmentalReverb::roomHfLevelMb>();
-                return isRoomHfLevelInRange(erCap, roomHfLevel);
-            }
-            case EnvironmentalReverb::decayTimeMs: {
-                int decayTime = er.get<EnvironmentalReverb::decayTimeMs>();
-                return isDecayTimeInRange(erCap, decayTime);
-            }
-            case EnvironmentalReverb::decayHfRatioPm: {
-                int decayHfRatio = er.get<EnvironmentalReverb::decayHfRatioPm>();
-                return isDecayHfRatioInRange(erCap, decayHfRatio);
-            }
-            case EnvironmentalReverb::levelMb: {
-                int level = er.get<EnvironmentalReverb::levelMb>();
-                return isLevelInRange(erCap, level);
-            }
-            case EnvironmentalReverb::delayMs: {
-                int delay = er.get<EnvironmentalReverb::delayMs>();
-                return isDelayInRange(erCap, delay);
-            }
-            case EnvironmentalReverb::diffusionPm: {
-                int diffusion = er.get<EnvironmentalReverb::diffusionPm>();
-                return isDiffusionInRange(erCap, diffusion);
-            }
-            case EnvironmentalReverb::densityPm: {
-                int density = er.get<EnvironmentalReverb::densityPm>();
-                return isDensityInRange(erCap, density);
-            }
-            case EnvironmentalReverb::bypass: {
-                return true;
-            }
-            default:
-                return false;
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    bool isRoomLevelInRange(const EnvironmentalReverb::Capability& cap, int roomLevel) const {
-        return roomLevel >= cap.minRoomLevelMb && roomLevel <= cap.maxRoomLevelMb;
-    }
-
-    bool isRoomHfLevelInRange(const EnvironmentalReverb::Capability& cap, int roomHfLevel) const {
-        return roomHfLevel >= cap.minRoomHfLevelMb && roomHfLevel <= cap.maxRoomHfLevelMb;
-    }
-
-    bool isDecayTimeInRange(const EnvironmentalReverb::Capability& cap, int decayTime) const {
-        return decayTime >= 0 && decayTime <= cap.maxDecayTimeMs;
-    }
-
-    bool isDecayHfRatioInRange(const EnvironmentalReverb::Capability& cap, int decayHfRatio) const {
-        return decayHfRatio >= cap.minDecayHfRatioPm && decayHfRatio <= cap.maxDecayHfRatioPm;
-    }
-
-    bool isLevelInRange(const EnvironmentalReverb::Capability& cap, int level) const {
-        return level >= cap.minLevelMb && level <= cap.maxLevelMb;
-    }
-
-    bool isDelayInRange(const EnvironmentalReverb::Capability& cap, int delay) const {
-        return delay >= 0 && delay <= cap.maxDelayMs;
-    }
-
-    bool isDiffusionInRange(const EnvironmentalReverb::Capability& cap, int diffusion) const {
-        return diffusion >= 0 && diffusion <= cap.maxDiffusionPm;
-    }
-
-    bool isDensityInRange(const EnvironmentalReverb::Capability& cap, int density) const {
-        return density >= 0 && density <= cap.maxDensityPm;
-    }
-
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getRoomLevelValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kEnvReverbTypeUUID);
-        int minRoomLevelMb = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
-        int maxRoomLevelMb = std::numeric_limits<int>::min();
-        for (const auto& it : descList) {
-            maxRoomLevelMb = std::max(
-                    it.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().maxRoomLevelMb,
-                    maxRoomLevelMb);
-            minRoomLevelMb = std::min(
-                    it.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().minRoomLevelMb,
-                    minRoomLevelMb);
-        }
-        return {std::numeric_limits<int>::min(),        minRoomLevelMb - 1, minRoomLevelMb,
-                (minRoomLevelMb + maxRoomLevelMb) >> 1, maxRoomLevelMb,     maxRoomLevelMb + 1,
-                std::numeric_limits<int>::max()};
-    }
-
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getRoomHfLevelValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kEnvReverbTypeUUID);
-        int minRoomHfLevelMb = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
-        int maxRoomHfLevelMb = std::numeric_limits<int>::min();
-        for (const auto& it : descList) {
-            maxRoomHfLevelMb = std::max(
-                    it.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().maxRoomHfLevelMb,
-                    maxRoomHfLevelMb);
-            minRoomHfLevelMb = std::min(
-                    it.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().minRoomHfLevelMb,
-                    minRoomHfLevelMb);
-        }
-        return {std::numeric_limits<int>::min(),
-                minRoomHfLevelMb - 1,
-                minRoomHfLevelMb,
-                (minRoomHfLevelMb + maxRoomHfLevelMb) >> 1,
-                maxRoomHfLevelMb,
-                maxRoomHfLevelMb + 1,
-                std::numeric_limits<int>::max()};
-    }
-
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getDecayTimeValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kEnvReverbTypeUUID);
-        const auto max = std::max_element(
-                descList.begin(), descList.end(),
-                [](const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& a,
-                   const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& b) {
-                    return a.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>()
-                                   .maxDecayTimeMs <
-                           b.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>()
-                                   .maxDecayTimeMs;
-                });
-        if (max == descList.end()) {
-            return {0};
-        }
-        int maxDecayTimeMs =
-                max->second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().maxDecayTimeMs;
-        return {-1, 0, maxDecayTimeMs >> 1, maxDecayTimeMs - 1, maxDecayTimeMs, maxDecayTimeMs + 1};
-    }
-
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getDecayHfRatioValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kEnvReverbTypeUUID);
-        int minDecayHfRatioPm = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
-        int maxDecayHfRatioPm = std::numeric_limits<int>::min();
-        for (const auto& it : descList) {
-            maxDecayHfRatioPm = std::max(
-                    it.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().maxDecayHfRatioPm,
-                    maxDecayHfRatioPm);
-            minDecayHfRatioPm = std::min(
-                    it.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().minDecayHfRatioPm,
-                    minDecayHfRatioPm);
-        }
-        return {std::numeric_limits<int>::min(),
-                minDecayHfRatioPm - 1,
-                minDecayHfRatioPm,
-                (minDecayHfRatioPm + maxDecayHfRatioPm) >> 1,
-                maxDecayHfRatioPm,
-                maxDecayHfRatioPm + 1,
-                std::numeric_limits<int>::max()};
-    }
-
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getLevelValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kEnvReverbTypeUUID);
-        int minLevelMb = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
-        int maxLevelMb = std::numeric_limits<int>::min();
-        for (const auto& it : descList) {
-            maxLevelMb =
-                    std::max(it.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().maxLevelMb,
-                             maxLevelMb);
-            minLevelMb =
-                    std::min(it.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().minLevelMb,
-                             minLevelMb);
-        }
-        return {std::numeric_limits<int>::min(), minLevelMb - 1, minLevelMb,
-                (minLevelMb + maxLevelMb) >> 1,  maxLevelMb,     maxLevelMb + 1,
-                std::numeric_limits<int>::max()};
-    }
-
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getDelayValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kEnvReverbTypeUUID);
-        const auto max = std::max_element(
-                descList.begin(), descList.end(),
-                [](const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& a,
-                   const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& b) {
-                    return a.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().maxDelayMs <
-                           b.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().maxDelayMs;
-                });
-        if (max == descList.end()) {
-            return {0};
-        }
-        int maxDelayMs = max->second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().maxDelayMs;
-        return {-1, 0, maxDelayMs >> 1, maxDelayMs - 1, maxDelayMs, maxDelayMs + 1};
-    }
-
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getDiffusionValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kEnvReverbTypeUUID);
-        const auto max = std::max_element(
-                descList.begin(), descList.end(),
-                [](const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& a,
-                   const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& b) {
-                    return a.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>()
-                                   .maxDiffusionPm <
-                           b.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>()
-                                   .maxDiffusionPm;
-                });
-        if (max == descList.end()) {
-            return {0};
-        }
-        int maxDiffusionPm =
-                max->second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().maxDiffusionPm;
-        return {-1, 0, maxDiffusionPm >> 1, maxDiffusionPm - 1, maxDiffusionPm, maxDiffusionPm + 1};
-    }
-
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getDensityValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kEnvReverbTypeUUID);
-        const auto max = std::max_element(
-                descList.begin(), descList.end(),
-                [](const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& a,
-                   const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& b) {
-                    return a.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().maxDensityPm <
-                           b.second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().maxDensityPm;
-                });
-        if (max == descList.end()) {
-            return {0};
-        }
-        int maxDensityPm =
-                max->second.capability.get<Capability::environmentalReverb>().maxDensityPm;
-        return {-1, 0, maxDensityPm >> 1, maxDensityPm - 1, maxDensityPm, maxDensityPm + 1};
-    }
-
   private:
     std::vector<std::pair<EnvironmentalReverb::Tag, EnvironmentalReverb>> mTags;
     void CleanUp() { mTags.clear(); }
@@ -428,11 +195,17 @@
     SetAndGetReverbParameters();
 }
 
+std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>> kDescPair;
+
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         EnvironmentalReverbTest, EnvironmentalReverbRoomLevelTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                   IFactory::descriptor, kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(EnvironmentalReverbHelper::getRoomLevelValues())),
+        ::testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(kDescPair = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
+                                          IFactory::descriptor, kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<EnvironmentalReverb, int,
+                                                                Range::environmentalReverb,
+                                                                EnvironmentalReverb::roomLevelMb>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<EnvironmentalReverbRoomLevelTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<0>(info.param).second;
             std::string roomLevel = std::to_string(std::get<1>(info.param));
@@ -467,9 +240,13 @@
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         EnvironmentalReverbTest, EnvironmentalReverbRoomHfLevelTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                   IFactory::descriptor, kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(EnvironmentalReverbHelper::getRoomHfLevelValues())),
+        ::testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
+                                                                               kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<EnvironmentalReverb, int,
+                                                                Range::environmentalReverb,
+                                                                EnvironmentalReverb::roomHfLevelMb>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<EnvironmentalReverbRoomHfLevelTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<0>(info.param).second;
             std::string roomHfLevel = std::to_string(std::get<1>(info.param));
@@ -504,9 +281,13 @@
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         EnvironmentalReverbTest, EnvironmentalReverbDecayTimeTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                   IFactory::descriptor, kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(EnvironmentalReverbHelper::getDecayTimeValues())),
+        ::testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
+                                                                               kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<EnvironmentalReverb, int,
+                                                                Range::environmentalReverb,
+                                                                EnvironmentalReverb::decayTimeMs>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<EnvironmentalReverbDecayTimeTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<0>(info.param).second;
             std::string decayTime = std::to_string(std::get<1>(info.param));
@@ -543,7 +324,10 @@
         EnvironmentalReverbTest, EnvironmentalReverbDecayHfRatioTest,
         ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
                                    IFactory::descriptor, kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(EnvironmentalReverbHelper::getDecayHfRatioValues())),
+                           testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<
+                                             EnvironmentalReverb, int, Range::environmentalReverb,
+                                             EnvironmentalReverb::decayHfRatioPm>(
+                                   kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<EnvironmentalReverbDecayHfRatioTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<0>(info.param).second;
             std::string decayHfRatio = std::to_string(std::get<1>(info.param));
@@ -579,9 +363,13 @@
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         EnvironmentalReverbTest, EnvironmentalReverbLevelTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                   IFactory::descriptor, kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(EnvironmentalReverbHelper::getLevelValues())),
+        ::testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
+                                                                               kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<EnvironmentalReverb, int,
+                                                                Range::environmentalReverb,
+                                                                EnvironmentalReverb::levelMb>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<EnvironmentalReverbDecayHfRatioTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<0>(info.param).second;
             std::string level = std::to_string(std::get<1>(info.param));
@@ -616,9 +404,13 @@
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         EnvironmentalReverbTest, EnvironmentalReverbDelayTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                   IFactory::descriptor, kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(EnvironmentalReverbHelper::getDelayValues())),
+        ::testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
+                                                                               kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<EnvironmentalReverb, int,
+                                                                Range::environmentalReverb,
+                                                                EnvironmentalReverb::delayMs>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<EnvironmentalReverbDelayTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<0>(info.param).second;
             std::string delay = std::to_string(std::get<1>(info.param));
@@ -653,9 +445,13 @@
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         EnvironmentalReverbTest, EnvironmentalReverbDiffusionTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                   IFactory::descriptor, kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(EnvironmentalReverbHelper::getDiffusionValues())),
+        ::testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
+                                                                               kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<EnvironmentalReverb, int,
+                                                                Range::environmentalReverb,
+                                                                EnvironmentalReverb::diffusionPm>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<EnvironmentalReverbDiffusionTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<0>(info.param).second;
             std::string diffusion = std::to_string(std::get<1>(info.param));
@@ -690,9 +486,13 @@
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         EnvironmentalReverbTest, EnvironmentalReverbDensityTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                   IFactory::descriptor, kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(EnvironmentalReverbHelper::getDensityValues())),
+        ::testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
+                                                                               kEnvReverbTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<EnvironmentalReverb, int,
+                                                                Range::environmentalReverb,
+                                                                EnvironmentalReverb::densityPm>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<EnvironmentalReverbDensityTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<0>(info.param).second;
             std::string density = std::to_string(std::get<1>(info.param));
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalEqualizerTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalEqualizerTargetTest.cpp
index e11a936..54d00a7 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalEqualizerTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalEqualizerTargetTest.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <limits>
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
+#include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -43,7 +44,6 @@
 
 using namespace android;
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Equalizer;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
@@ -56,8 +56,9 @@
  * testing performed in VtsAudioEfectTargetTest.
  */
 
-enum ParamName { PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME, PARAM_BAND_LEVEL };
-using EqualizerParamTestParam = std::tuple<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>, int>;
+enum ParamName { PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME, PARAM_PRESET, PARAM_BAND_LEVEL };
+using EqualizerParamTestParam = std::tuple<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>, int,
+                                           std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel>>;
 
 /*
 Testing parameter range, assuming the parameter supported by effect is in this range.
@@ -69,7 +70,9 @@
 class EqualizerTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<EqualizerParamTestParam>,
                       public EffectHelper {
   public:
-    EqualizerTest() : mBandLevel(std::get<PARAM_BAND_LEVEL>(GetParam())) {
+    EqualizerTest()
+        : mPresetIndex(std::get<PARAM_PRESET>(GetParam())),
+          mBandLevel(std::get<PARAM_BAND_LEVEL>(GetParam())) {
         std::tie(mFactory, mDescriptor) = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(GetParam());
     }
 
@@ -77,48 +80,24 @@
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mFactory);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, mEffect, mDescriptor));
 
-        Parameter::Specific specific = getDefaultParamSpecific();
         Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
                 0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */,
                 kInputFrameCount /* iFrameCount */, kOutputFrameCount /* oFrameCount */);
         IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(mEffect, common, specific, &ret, EX_NONE));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(mEffect, common, std::nullopt, &ret, EX_NONE));
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mEffect);
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(setTagRange());
     }
     void TearDown() override {
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(mEffect));
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, mEffect));
     }
 
-    std::pair<int, int> setPresetIndexRange(const Equalizer::Capability& cap) const {
-        const auto [min, max] =
-                std::minmax_element(cap.presets.begin(), cap.presets.end(),
-                                    [](const auto& a, const auto& b) { return a.index < b.index; });
-        return {min->index, max->index};
-    }
-    std::pair<int, int> setBandIndexRange(const Equalizer::Capability& cap) const {
-        const auto [min, max] =
-                std::minmax_element(cap.bandFrequencies.begin(), cap.bandFrequencies.end(),
-                                    [](const auto& a, const auto& b) { return a.index < b.index; });
-        return {min->index, max->index};
-    }
-    void setTagRange() {
-        Descriptor desc;
-        ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-        Equalizer::Capability& eqCap = desc.capability.get<Capability::equalizer>();
-        mPresetIndex = setPresetIndexRange(eqCap);
-        mBandIndex = setBandIndexRange(eqCap);
-    }
-
     static const long kInputFrameCount = 0x100, kOutputFrameCount = 0x100;
     std::shared_ptr<IFactory> mFactory;
     std::shared_ptr<IEffect> mEffect;
     Descriptor mDescriptor;
-    std::pair<int, int> mPresetIndex;
-    std::pair<int, int> mBandIndex;
-    const int mBandLevel;
-    Descriptor mDesc;
+    int mPresetIndex;
+    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> mBandLevel;
 
     void SetAndGetEqualizerParameters() {
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mEffect);
@@ -127,25 +106,22 @@
             auto& eq = it.second;
 
             // validate parameter
-            const bool valid = isTagInRange(it.first, it.second);
+            const bool valid = isParameterValid<Equalizer, Range::equalizer>(eq, mDescriptor);
             const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
 
             // set
-            Parameter expectParam;
-            Parameter::Specific specific;
-            specific.set<Parameter::Specific::equalizer>(eq);
-            expectParam.set<Parameter::specific>(specific);
+            Parameter::Specific specific =
+                    Parameter::Specific::make<Parameter::Specific::equalizer>(eq);
+            Parameter expectParam = Parameter::make<Parameter::specific>(specific);
             EXPECT_STATUS(expected, mEffect->setParameter(expectParam))
                     << expectParam.toString() << "\n"
-                    << mDesc.toString();
+                    << mDescriptor.toString();
 
             // only get if parameter in range and set success
             if (expected == EX_NONE) {
                 Parameter getParam;
-                Parameter::Id id;
-                Equalizer::Id eqId;
-                eqId.set<Equalizer::Id::commonTag>(tag);
-                id.set<Parameter::Id::equalizerTag>(eqId);
+                Equalizer::Id eqId = Equalizer::Id::make<Equalizer::Id::commonTag>(tag);
+                Parameter::Id id = Parameter::Id::make<Parameter::Id::equalizerTag>(eqId);
                 // if set success, then get should match
                 EXPECT_STATUS(expected, mEffect->getParameter(id, &getParam));
                 EXPECT_TRUE(isEqParameterExpected(expectParam, getParam))
@@ -197,140 +173,51 @@
     }
 
     void addPresetParam(int preset) {
-        Equalizer eq;
-        eq.set<Equalizer::preset>(preset);
-        mTags.push_back({Equalizer::preset, eq});
+        mTags.push_back({Equalizer::preset, Equalizer::make<Equalizer::preset>(preset)});
     }
 
     void addBandLevelsParam(std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel>& bandLevels) {
-        Equalizer eq;
-        eq.set<Equalizer::bandLevels>(bandLevels);
-        mTags.push_back({Equalizer::bandLevels, eq});
-    }
-
-    bool isTagInRange(const Equalizer::Tag& tag, const Equalizer& eq) const {
-        switch (tag) {
-            case Equalizer::preset: {
-                int index = eq.get<Equalizer::preset>();
-                return index >= mPresetIndex.first && index <= mPresetIndex.second;
-            }
-            case Equalizer::bandLevels: {
-                auto& bandLevel = eq.get<Equalizer::bandLevels>();
-                return isBandInRange(bandLevel);
-            }
-            default:
-                return false;
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    bool isBandInRange(const std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel>& bandLevel) const {
-        for (auto& it : bandLevel) {
-            if (it.index < mBandIndex.first || it.index > mBandIndex.second) return false;
-        }
-        return true;
-    }
-
-    Parameter::Specific getDefaultParamSpecific() {
-        Equalizer eq = Equalizer::make<Equalizer::preset>(0);
-        Parameter::Specific specific =
-                Parameter::Specific::make<Parameter::Specific::equalizer>(eq);
-        return specific;
+        mTags.push_back(
+                {Equalizer::bandLevels, Equalizer::make<Equalizer::bandLevels>(bandLevels)});
     }
 
   private:
     std::vector<std::pair<Equalizer::Tag, Equalizer>> mTags;
 
-    bool validCapabilityTag(Capability& cap) { return cap.getTag() == Capability::equalizer; }
-
     void CleanUp() { mTags.clear(); }
 };
 
-TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetPresetOutOfLowerBound) {
-    addPresetParam(mPresetIndex.second - 1);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
-}
-
-TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetPresetOutOfUpperBound) {
-    addPresetParam(mPresetIndex.second + 1);
+TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetParams) {
+    addBandLevelsParam(mBandLevel);
+    addPresetParam(mPresetIndex);
     EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
 }
 
-TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetPresetAtLowerBound) {
-    addPresetParam(mPresetIndex.first);
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
-}
-
-TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetPresetAtHigherBound) {
-    addPresetParam(mPresetIndex.second);
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
-}
-
-TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetPresetInBound) {
-    addPresetParam((mPresetIndex.first + mPresetIndex.second) >> 1);
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
-}
-
-TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetBandOutOfLowerBound) {
-    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{{mBandIndex.first - 1, mBandLevel}};
-    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
-}
-
-TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetBandOutOfUpperBound) {
-    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{{mBandIndex.second + 1, mBandLevel}};
-    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
-}
-
-TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetBandAtLowerBound) {
-    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{{mBandIndex.first, mBandLevel}};
-    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
-}
-
-TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetBandAtHigherBound) {
-    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{{mBandIndex.second, mBandLevel}};
-    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
-}
-
-TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetBandInBound) {
-    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{
-            {(mBandIndex.first + mBandIndex.second) >> 1, mBandLevel}};
-    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
-}
-
-TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetMultiBands) {
-    addPresetParam(mPresetIndex.first);
-    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{
-            {mBandIndex.first, mBandLevel},
-            {mBandIndex.second, mBandLevel},
-            {(mBandIndex.first + mBandIndex.second) >> 1, mBandLevel}};
-    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
-}
-
-TEST_P(EqualizerTest, SetAndGetMultipleParams) {
-    std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel> bandLevels{
-            {(mBandIndex.first + mBandIndex.second) >> 1, mBandLevel}};
-    addBandLevelsParam(bandLevels);
-    addPresetParam((mPresetIndex.first + mPresetIndex.second) >> 1);
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetAndGetEqualizerParameters());
-}
-
+std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>> kDescPair;
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         EqualizerTest, EqualizerTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                   IFactory::descriptor, kEqualizerTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(kBandLevels)),
+        ::testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(kDescPair = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
+                                          IFactory::descriptor, kEqualizerTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<Equalizer, int, Range::equalizer,
+                                                                Equalizer::preset>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(
+                        EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<Equalizer, std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel>,
+                                                      Range::equalizer, Equalizer::bandLevels>(
+                                kDescPair,
+                                [](std::set<std::vector<Equalizer::BandLevel>>& bandLevels) {
+                                    return bandLevels;
+                                }))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<EqualizerTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(info.param).second;
-            std::string bandLevel = std::to_string(std::get<PARAM_BAND_LEVEL>(info.param));
+            std::string bandLevel =
+                    ::android::internal::ToString(std::get<PARAM_BAND_LEVEL>(info.param));
             std::string name = "Implementor_" + descriptor.common.implementor + "_name_" +
                                descriptor.common.name + "_UUID_" +
-                               descriptor.common.id.uuid.toString() + "_bandLevel_" + bandLevel;
+                               descriptor.common.id.uuid.toString() + "_preset_" +
+                               std::to_string(std::get<PARAM_PRESET>(info.param)) + "_bandLevel_" +
+                               bandLevel;
             std::replace_if(
                     name.begin(), name.end(), [](const char c) { return !std::isalnum(c); }, '_');
             return name;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalHapticGeneratorTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalHapticGeneratorTargetTest.cpp
index b8ea9c1..6c3016e 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalHapticGeneratorTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalHapticGeneratorTargetTest.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,6 @@
 
 using namespace android;
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::HapticGenerator;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalLoudnessEnhancerTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalLoudnessEnhancerTargetTest.cpp
index 305c243..75941ff 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalLoudnessEnhancerTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalLoudnessEnhancerTargetTest.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
 
 using namespace android;
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalNSTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalNSTargetTest.cpp
index 0b92290..16c79e3 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalNSTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalNSTargetTest.cpp
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 
 using namespace android;
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalPresetReverbTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalPresetReverbTargetTest.cpp
index 19d5747..c9c2a31 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalPresetReverbTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalPresetReverbTargetTest.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 
 using namespace android;
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
@@ -84,7 +83,7 @@
             // validate parameter
             Descriptor desc;
             ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-            const bool valid = isTagInRange(it.first, it.second, desc);
+            const bool valid = isParameterValid<PresetReverb, Range::presetReverb>(it.second, desc);
             const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
 
             // set parameter
@@ -113,27 +112,6 @@
         mTags.push_back({PresetReverb::preset, pr});
     }
 
-    bool isTagInRange(const PresetReverb::Tag& tag, const PresetReverb& pr,
-                      const Descriptor& desc) const {
-        const PresetReverb::Capability& prCap = desc.capability.get<Capability::presetReverb>();
-        switch (tag) {
-            case PresetReverb::preset: {
-                PresetReverb::Presets preset = pr.get<PresetReverb::preset>();
-                return isPresetInRange(prCap, preset);
-            }
-            default:
-                return false;
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    bool isPresetInRange(const PresetReverb::Capability& cap, PresetReverb::Presets preset) const {
-        for (auto i : cap.supportedPresets) {
-            if (preset == i) return true;
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
     Parameter::Specific getDefaultParamSpecific() {
         PresetReverb pr = PresetReverb::make<PresetReverb::preset>(PresetReverb::Presets::NONE);
         Parameter::Specific specific =
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalVirtualizerTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalVirtualizerTargetTest.cpp
index 090de17..8b0210c 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalVirtualizerTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalVirtualizerTargetTest.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 
 using namespace android;
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
@@ -90,7 +89,7 @@
             // validate parameter
             Descriptor desc;
             ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-            const bool valid = isTagInRange(it.first, it.second, desc);
+            const bool valid = isParameterValid<Virtualizer, Range::virtualizer>(it.second, desc);
             const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
 
             // set parameter
@@ -120,46 +119,6 @@
         mTags.push_back({Virtualizer::strengthPm, vr});
     }
 
-    bool isTagInRange(const Virtualizer::Tag& tag, const Virtualizer& vr,
-                      const Descriptor& desc) const {
-        const Virtualizer::Capability& vrCap = desc.capability.get<Capability::virtualizer>();
-        switch (tag) {
-            case Virtualizer::strengthPm: {
-                int strength = vr.get<Virtualizer::strengthPm>();
-                return isStrengthInRange(vrCap, strength);
-            }
-            default:
-                return false;
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    bool isStrengthInRange(const Virtualizer::Capability& cap, int strength) const {
-        return cap.strengthSupported && strength >= 0 && strength <= cap.maxStrengthPm;
-    }
-
-    static std::vector<int> getStrengthTestValues(
-            std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>> kFactoryDescList) {
-        const auto max = std::max_element(
-                kFactoryDescList.begin(), kFactoryDescList.end(),
-                [](const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& a,
-                   const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& b) {
-                    return a.second.capability.get<Capability::virtualizer>().maxStrengthPm <
-                           b.second.capability.get<Capability::virtualizer>().maxStrengthPm;
-                });
-        if (max == kFactoryDescList.end()) {
-            return {0};
-        }
-        int maxStrength = max->second.capability.get<Capability::virtualizer>().maxStrengthPm;
-        return {std::numeric_limits<int>::min(),
-                -1,
-                0,
-                maxStrength >> 1,
-                maxStrength,
-                maxStrength + 1,
-                std::numeric_limits<int>::max()};
-    }
-
   private:
     std::vector<std::pair<Virtualizer::Tag, Virtualizer>> mTags;
     void CleanUp() { mTags.clear(); }
@@ -170,13 +129,15 @@
     SetAndGetVirtualizerParameters();
 }
 
+std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>> kDescPair;
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         VirtualizerTest, VirtualizerParamTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                   IFactory::descriptor, kVirtualizerTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(VirtualizerParamTest::getStrengthTestValues(
-                                   EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                           IFactory::descriptor, kVirtualizerTypeUUID)))),
+        ::testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(kDescPair = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
+                                          IFactory::descriptor, kVirtualizerTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<
+                                  Virtualizer, int, Range::virtualizer, Virtualizer::strengthPm>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<VirtualizerParamTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(info.param).second;
             std::string strength = std::to_string(std::get<PARAM_STRENGTH>(info.param));
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalVisualizerTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalVisualizerTargetTest.cpp
index 242be3f..e2625cb 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalVisualizerTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalVisualizerTargetTest.cpp
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
 
 using namespace android;
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
@@ -64,12 +63,11 @@
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mFactory);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(create(mFactory, mEffect, mDescriptor));
 
-        Parameter::Specific specific = getDefaultParamSpecific();
         Parameter::Common common = EffectHelper::createParamCommon(
                 0 /* session */, 1 /* ioHandle */, 44100 /* iSampleRate */, 44100 /* oSampleRate */,
                 kInputFrameCount /* iFrameCount */, kOutputFrameCount /* oFrameCount */);
         IEffect::OpenEffectReturn ret;
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(mEffect, common, specific, &ret, EX_NONE));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(open(mEffect, common, std::nullopt, &ret, EX_NONE));
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mEffect);
     }
 
@@ -77,13 +75,6 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(close(mEffect));
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(destroy(mFactory, mEffect));
     }
-    Parameter::Specific getDefaultParamSpecific() {
-        Visualizer vs = Visualizer::make<Visualizer::captureSamples>(
-                mDescriptor.capability.get<Capability::visualizer>().captureSampleRange.max);
-        Parameter::Specific specific =
-                Parameter::Specific::make<Parameter::Specific::visualizer>(vs);
-        return specific;
-    }
 
     static const long kInputFrameCount = 0x100, kOutputFrameCount = 0x100;
     std::shared_ptr<IFactory> mFactory;
@@ -94,7 +85,7 @@
     Visualizer::MeasurementMode mMeasurementMode = Visualizer::MeasurementMode::NONE;
     int mLatency = 0;
 
-    void SetAndGetCommonParameters() {
+    void SetAndGetParameters() {
         for (auto& it : mCommonTags) {
             auto& tag = it.first;
             auto& vs = it.second;
@@ -102,7 +93,7 @@
             // validate parameter
             Descriptor desc;
             ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-            const bool valid = isTagInRange(tag, vs, desc);
+            const bool valid = isParameterValid<Visualizer, Range::visualizer>(vs, desc);
             const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
 
             // set parameter
@@ -119,170 +110,39 @@
                 Visualizer::Id vsId;
                 vsId.set<Visualizer::Id::commonTag>(tag);
                 id.set<Parameter::Id::visualizerTag>(vsId);
-                EXPECT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getParameter(id, &getParam));
-
+                EXPECT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getParameter(id, &getParam))
+                        << " with: " << id.toString();
                 EXPECT_EQ(expectParam, getParam) << "\nexpect:" << expectParam.toString()
                                                  << "\ngetParam:" << getParam.toString();
             }
         }
     }
 
-    void SetAndGetSetOnlyParameters() {
-        for (auto& it : mSetOnlyParamTags) {
-            auto& tag = it.first;
-            auto& vs = it.second;
-
-            // validate parameter
-            Descriptor desc;
-            ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-            const bool valid = isSetOnlyParamTagInRange(vs, desc);
-            const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
-
-            // set parameter
-            Parameter expectParam;
-            Parameter::Specific specific;
-            specific.set<Parameter::Specific::visualizer>(vs);
-            expectParam.set<Parameter::specific>(specific);
-            ASSERT_STATUS(expected, mEffect->setParameter(expectParam));
-
-            //  parameter defined in this setOnlyParameter union must be settable via
-            //  setParameter(), but must not be gettable
-            Parameter getParam;
-            Parameter::Id id;
-            Visualizer::Id vsId;
-            vsId.set<Visualizer::Id::setOnlyParamTag>(tag);
-            id.set<Parameter::Id::visualizerTag>(vsId);
-            EXPECT_STATUS(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, mEffect->getParameter(id, &getParam));
-        }
-    }
-
-    void GetandSetGetOnlyParameters() {
-        for (auto& tag : mGetOnlyParamTags) {
-            // get parameter
-            Parameter getParam;
-            Parameter::Id id;
-            Visualizer::Id vsId;
-            vsId.set<Visualizer::Id::getOnlyParamTag>(tag);
-            id.set<Parameter::Id::visualizerTag>(vsId);
-            ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getParameter(id, &getParam));
-
-            //  parameter defined in this getOnlyParameter union must be gettable via
-            //  getParameter(), but must not be settable
-            // set parameter
-            ASSERT_STATUS(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, mEffect->setParameter(getParam));
-        }
-    }
-
     void addCaptureSizeParam(int captureSize) {
-        Visualizer vs;
-        vs.set<Visualizer::captureSamples>(captureSize);
-        mCommonTags.push_back({Visualizer::captureSamples, vs});
+        mCommonTags.push_back({Visualizer::captureSamples,
+                               Visualizer::make<Visualizer::captureSamples>(captureSize)});
     }
 
     void addScalingModeParam(Visualizer::ScalingMode scalingMode) {
-        Visualizer vs;
-        vs.set<Visualizer::scalingMode>(scalingMode);
-        mCommonTags.push_back({Visualizer::scalingMode, vs});
+        mCommonTags.push_back(
+                {Visualizer::scalingMode, Visualizer::make<Visualizer::scalingMode>(scalingMode)});
     }
 
     void addMeasurementModeParam(Visualizer::MeasurementMode measurementMode) {
-        Visualizer vs;
-        vs.set<Visualizer::measurementMode>(measurementMode);
-        mCommonTags.push_back({Visualizer::measurementMode, vs});
+        mCommonTags.push_back({Visualizer::measurementMode,
+                               Visualizer::make<Visualizer::measurementMode>(measurementMode)});
     }
 
     void addLatencyParam(int latency) {
-        Visualizer vs;
-        Visualizer::SetOnlyParameters setOnlyParam;
-        setOnlyParam.set<Visualizer::SetOnlyParameters::latencyMs>(latency);
-        vs.set<Visualizer::setOnlyParameters>(setOnlyParam);
-        mSetOnlyParamTags.push_back({Visualizer::SetOnlyParameters::latencyMs, vs});
+        mCommonTags.push_back(
+                {Visualizer::latencyMs, Visualizer::make<Visualizer::latencyMs>(latency)});
     }
 
-    void addMeasurementTag() {
-        mGetOnlyParamTags.push_back(Visualizer::GetOnlyParameters::measurement);
-    }
-
-    void addCaptureBytesTag() {
-        mGetOnlyParamTags.push_back(Visualizer::GetOnlyParameters::captureSampleBuffer);
-    }
-
-    bool isTagInRange(const Visualizer::Tag& tag, const Visualizer& vs,
-                      const Descriptor& desc) const {
-        const Visualizer::Capability& vsCap = desc.capability.get<Capability::visualizer>();
-        switch (tag) {
-            case Visualizer::captureSamples: {
-                int captureSize = vs.get<Visualizer::captureSamples>();
-                return captureSize >= vsCap.captureSampleRange.min &&
-                       captureSize <= vsCap.captureSampleRange.max;
-            }
-            case Visualizer::scalingMode:
-            case Visualizer::measurementMode:
-                return true;
-            case Visualizer::setOnlyParameters: {
-                auto setOnly = vs.get<Visualizer::setOnlyParameters>();
-                if (setOnly.getTag() != Visualizer::SetOnlyParameters::latencyMs) {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                auto latencyMs = setOnly.get<Visualizer::SetOnlyParameters::latencyMs>();
-                return latencyMs >= 0 && latencyMs <= vsCap.maxLatencyMs;
-            }
-            default:
-                return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    bool isSetOnlyParamTagInRange(const Visualizer& vs, const Descriptor& desc) const {
-        const Visualizer::Capability& vsCap = desc.capability.get<Capability::visualizer>();
-        if (vs.getTag() != Visualizer::setOnlyParameters) return false;
-        Visualizer::SetOnlyParameters setOnlyParam = vs.get<Visualizer::setOnlyParameters>();
-        if (setOnlyParam.getTag() != Visualizer::SetOnlyParameters::latencyMs) return false;
-        int latency = setOnlyParam.get<Visualizer::SetOnlyParameters::latencyMs>();
-        return isLatencyInRange(vsCap, latency);
-    }
-
-    bool isLatencyInRange(const Visualizer::Capability& cap, int latency) const {
-        return (latency >= 0 && latency <= cap.maxLatencyMs);
-    }
-
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getCaptureSizeValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kVisualizerTypeUUID);
-        int minCaptureSize = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
-        int maxCaptureSize = std::numeric_limits<int>::min();
-        for (const auto& it : descList) {
-            maxCaptureSize = std::max(
-                    it.second.capability.get<Capability::visualizer>().captureSampleRange.max,
-                    maxCaptureSize);
-            minCaptureSize = std::min(
-                    it.second.capability.get<Capability ::visualizer>().captureSampleRange.min,
-                    minCaptureSize);
-        }
-        return {std::numeric_limits<int>::min(),        minCaptureSize - 1, minCaptureSize,
-                (minCaptureSize + maxCaptureSize) >> 1, maxCaptureSize,     maxCaptureSize + 1,
-                std::numeric_limits<int>::max()};
-    }
-
-    static std::unordered_set<int> getLatencyValues() {
-        auto descList = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kVisualizerTypeUUID);
-        const auto max = std::max_element(
-                descList.begin(), descList.end(),
-                [](const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& a,
-                   const std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>& b) {
-                    return a.second.capability.get<Capability::visualizer>().maxLatencyMs <
-                           b.second.capability.get<Capability::visualizer>().maxLatencyMs;
-                });
-        if (max == descList.end()) {
-            return {0};
-        }
-        int maxDelay = max->second.capability.get<Capability::visualizer>().maxLatencyMs;
-        return {-1, 0, maxDelay >> 1, maxDelay - 1, maxDelay, maxDelay + 1};
-    }
     static std::unordered_set<Visualizer::MeasurementMode> getMeasurementModeValues() {
         return {ndk::enum_range<Visualizer::MeasurementMode>().begin(),
                 ndk::enum_range<Visualizer::MeasurementMode>().end()};
     }
+
     static std::unordered_set<Visualizer::ScalingMode> getScalingModeValues() {
         return {ndk::enum_range<Visualizer::ScalingMode>().begin(),
                 ndk::enum_range<Visualizer::ScalingMode>().end()};
@@ -290,53 +150,43 @@
 
   private:
     std::vector<std::pair<Visualizer::Tag, Visualizer>> mCommonTags;
-    std::vector<std::pair<Visualizer::SetOnlyParameters::Tag, Visualizer>> mSetOnlyParamTags;
-    std::vector<Visualizer::GetOnlyParameters::Tag> mGetOnlyParamTags;
-    void CleanUp() {
-        mCommonTags.clear();
-        mSetOnlyParamTags.clear();
-        mGetOnlyParamTags.clear();
-    }
+    void CleanUp() { mCommonTags.clear(); }
 };
 
 TEST_P(VisualizerParamTest, SetAndGetCaptureSize) {
     EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(addCaptureSizeParam(mCaptureSize));
-    SetAndGetCommonParameters();
+    SetAndGetParameters();
 }
 
 TEST_P(VisualizerParamTest, SetAndGetScalingMode) {
     EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(addScalingModeParam(mScalingMode));
-    SetAndGetCommonParameters();
+    SetAndGetParameters();
 }
 
 TEST_P(VisualizerParamTest, SetAndGetMeasurementMode) {
     EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(addMeasurementModeParam(mMeasurementMode));
-    SetAndGetCommonParameters();
+    SetAndGetParameters();
 }
 
 TEST_P(VisualizerParamTest, SetAndGetLatency) {
     EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(addLatencyParam(mLatency));
-    SetAndGetSetOnlyParameters();
+    SetAndGetParameters();
 }
 
-TEST_P(VisualizerParamTest, GetAndSetMeasurement) {
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(addMeasurementTag());
-    GetandSetGetOnlyParameters();
-}
-
-TEST_P(VisualizerParamTest, GetAndSetCaptureBytes) {
-    EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(addCaptureBytesTag());
-    GetandSetGetOnlyParameters();
-}
-
+std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>> kDescPair;
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         VisualizerParamTest, VisualizerParamTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
-                                   IFactory::descriptor, kVisualizerTypeUUID)),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(VisualizerParamTest::getCaptureSizeValues()),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(VisualizerParamTest::getScalingModeValues()),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(VisualizerParamTest::getMeasurementModeValues()),
-                           testing::ValuesIn(VisualizerParamTest::getLatencyValues())),
+        ::testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(kDescPair = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
+                                          IFactory::descriptor, kVisualizerTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<Visualizer, int, Range::visualizer,
+                                                                Visualizer::captureSamples>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(VisualizerParamTest::getScalingModeValues()),
+                testing::ValuesIn(VisualizerParamTest::getMeasurementModeValues()),
+                testing::ValuesIn(EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<Visualizer, int, Range::visualizer,
+                                                                Visualizer::latencyMs>(
+                        kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>))),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<VisualizerParamTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(info.param).second;
             std::string captureSize = std::to_string(std::get<PARAM_CAPTURE_SIZE>(info.param));
diff --git a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalVolumeTargetTest.cpp b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalVolumeTargetTest.cpp
index 34625e7..44ce146 100644
--- a/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalVolumeTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/aidl/vts/VtsHalVolumeTargetTest.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 
 using namespace android;
 
-using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Capability;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::Descriptor;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IEffect;
 using aidl::android::hardware::audio::effect::IFactory;
@@ -84,9 +83,7 @@
             // validate parameter
             Descriptor desc;
             ASSERT_STATUS(EX_NONE, mEffect->getDescriptor(&desc));
-            // only set and get parameter if capability is valid
-            ASSERT_TRUE(isCapabilityValid(desc));
-            const bool valid = isTagInRange(it.first, it.second, desc);
+            const bool valid = isParameterValid<Volume, Range::volume>(it.second, desc);
             const binder_exception_t expected = valid ? EX_NONE : EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
 
             // set parameter
@@ -123,42 +120,6 @@
         mTags.push_back({Volume::mute, vol});
     }
 
-    bool isCapabilityValid(const Descriptor& desc) {
-        const Volume::Capability& volCap = desc.capability.get<Capability::volume>();
-        return (volCap.minLevelDb <= volCap.maxLevelDb);
-    }
-
-    bool isTagInRange(const Volume::Tag& tag, const Volume& vol, const Descriptor& desc) const {
-        const Volume::Capability& volCap = desc.capability.get<Capability::volume>();
-        switch (tag) {
-            case Volume::levelDb: {
-                int level = vol.get<Volume::levelDb>();
-                return isLevelInRange(volCap, level);
-            }
-            case Volume::mute:
-                return true;
-            default:
-                return false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    static std::vector<int> getLevelTestValues(
-            std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>> kFactoryDescList) {
-        int minLevelDb = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
-        int maxLevelDb = std::numeric_limits<int>::min();
-        for (const auto& it : kFactoryDescList) {
-            maxLevelDb =
-                    std::max(it.second.capability.get<Capability::volume>().maxLevelDb, maxLevelDb);
-            minLevelDb = std::min(it.second.capability.get<Capability ::volume>().minLevelDb,
-                                  minLevelDb);
-        }
-        return {minLevelDb - 1, minLevelDb, -100, maxLevelDb, maxLevelDb + 1};
-    }
-
-    bool isLevelInRange(const Volume::Capability& volCap, int level) const {
-        return level >= volCap.minLevelDb && level <= volCap.maxLevelDb;
-    }
-
   private:
     std::vector<std::pair<Volume::Tag, Volume>> mTags;
     void CleanUp() { mTags.clear(); }
@@ -174,14 +135,15 @@
     SetAndGetParameters();
 }
 
+std::vector<std::pair<std::shared_ptr<IFactory>, Descriptor>> kDescPair;
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         VolumeTest, VolumeParamTest,
         ::testing::Combine(
-                testing::ValuesIn(EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                               kVolumeTypeUUID)),
-                testing::ValuesIn(VolumeParamTest::getLevelTestValues(
-                        EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(IFactory::descriptor,
-                                                                     kVolumeTypeUUID))),
+                testing::ValuesIn(kDescPair = EffectFactoryHelper::getAllEffectDescriptors(
+                                          IFactory::descriptor, kVolumeTypeUUID)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(
+                        EffectHelper::getTestValueSet<Volume, int, Range::volume, Volume::levelDb>(
+                                kDescPair, EffectHelper::expandTestValueBasic<int>)),
                 testing::Bool() /* mute */),
         [](const testing::TestParamInfo<VolumeParamTest::ParamType>& info) {
             auto descriptor = std::get<PARAM_INSTANCE_NAME>(info.param).second;