diff --git a/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/Android.bp b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2e68df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "libboot_control_defaults",
+    vendor: true,
+    recovery_available: true,
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+
+    cflags: [
+        "-D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Wextra",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.boot@1.1",
+        "libbase",
+        "liblog",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libbootloader_message_vendor",
+        "libfstab",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "libboot_control",
+    defaults: ["libboot_control_defaults"],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+
+    srcs: ["libboot_control.cpp"],
+}
+
+cc_library_shared {
+    name: "bootctrl.default",
+    defaults: ["libboot_control_defaults"],
+
+    srcs: ["legacy_boot_control.cpp"],
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "libboot_control",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libhardware",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/include/libboot_control/libboot_control.h b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/include/libboot_control/libboot_control.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5468658
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/include/libboot_control/libboot_control.h
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android/hardware/boot/1.1/IBootControl.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace bootable {
+
+// Helper library to implement the IBootControl HAL using the misc partition.
+class BootControl {
+  using MergeStatus = ::android::hardware::boot::V1_1::MergeStatus;
+
+ public:
+  bool Init();
+  unsigned int GetNumberSlots();
+  unsigned int GetCurrentSlot();
+  bool MarkBootSuccessful();
+  bool SetActiveBootSlot(unsigned int slot);
+  bool SetSlotAsUnbootable(unsigned int slot);
+  bool SetSlotBootable(unsigned int slot);
+  bool IsSlotBootable(unsigned int slot);
+  const char* GetSuffix(unsigned int slot);
+  bool IsSlotMarkedSuccessful(unsigned int slot);
+  bool SetSnapshotMergeStatus(MergeStatus status);
+  MergeStatus GetSnapshotMergeStatus();
+
+  bool IsValidSlot(unsigned int slot);
+
+  const std::string& misc_device() const {
+    return misc_device_;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  // Whether this object was initialized with data from the bootloader message
+  // that doesn't change until next reboot.
+  bool initialized_ = false;
+
+  // The path to the misc_device as reported in the fstab.
+  std::string misc_device_;
+
+  // The number of slots present on the device.
+  unsigned int num_slots_ = 0;
+
+  // The slot where we are running from.
+  unsigned int current_slot_ = 0;
+};
+
+// Helper functions to write the Virtual A/B merge status message. These are
+// separate because BootControl uses bootloader_control_ab in vendor space,
+// whereas the Virtual A/B merge status is in system space. A HAL might not
+// use bootloader_control_ab, but may want to use the AOSP method of maintaining
+// the merge status.
+
+// If the Virtual A/B message has not yet been initialized, then initialize it.
+// This should be called when the BootControl HAL first loads.
+//
+// If the Virtual A/B message in misc was already initialized, true is returned.
+// If initialization was attempted, but failed, false is returned, and the HAL
+// should fail to load.
+bool InitMiscVirtualAbMessageIfNeeded();
+
+// Save the current merge status as well as the current slot.
+bool SetMiscVirtualAbMergeStatus(unsigned int current_slot,
+                                 android::hardware::boot::V1_1::MergeStatus status);
+
+// Return the current merge status. If the saved status is SNAPSHOTTED but the
+// slot hasn't changed, the status returned will be NONE.
+bool GetMiscVirtualAbMergeStatus(unsigned int current_slot,
+                                 android::hardware::boot::V1_1::MergeStatus* status);
+
+}  // namespace bootable
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/include/private/boot_control_definition.h b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/include/private/boot_control_definition.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f02111
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/include/private/boot_control_definition.h
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+
+/**
+ * The A/B-specific bootloader message structure (4-KiB).
+ *
+ * We separate A/B boot control metadata from the regular bootloader
+ * message struct and keep it here. Everything that's A/B-specific
+ * stays after struct bootloader_message, which belongs to the vendor
+ * space of /misc partition. Also, the A/B-specific contents should be
+ * managed by the A/B-bootloader or boot control HAL.
+ *
+ * The slot_suffix field is used for A/B implementations where the
+ * bootloader does not set the androidboot.ro.boot.slot_suffix kernel
+ * commandline parameter. This is used by fs_mgr to mount /system and
+ * other partitions with the slotselect flag set in fstab. A/B
+ * implementations are free to use all 32 bytes and may store private
+ * data past the first NUL-byte in this field. It is encouraged, but
+ * not mandatory, to use 'struct bootloader_control' described below.
+ *
+ * The update_channel field is used to store the Omaha update channel
+ * if update_engine is compiled with Omaha support.
+ */
+struct bootloader_message_ab {
+    struct bootloader_message message;
+    char slot_suffix[32];
+    char update_channel[128];
+
+    // Round up the entire struct to 4096-byte.
+    char reserved[1888];
+};
+
+/**
+ * Be cautious about the struct size change, in case we put anything post
+ * bootloader_message_ab struct (b/29159185).
+ */
+#if (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L) || defined(__cplusplus)
+static_assert(sizeof(struct bootloader_message_ab) == 4096,
+              "struct bootloader_message_ab size changes");
+#endif
+
+#define BOOT_CTRL_MAGIC   0x42414342 /* Bootloader Control AB */
+#define BOOT_CTRL_VERSION 1
+
+struct slot_metadata {
+    // Slot priority with 15 meaning highest priority, 1 lowest
+    // priority and 0 the slot is unbootable.
+    uint8_t priority : 4;
+    // Number of times left attempting to boot this slot.
+    uint8_t tries_remaining : 3;
+    // 1 if this slot has booted successfully, 0 otherwise.
+    uint8_t successful_boot : 1;
+    // 1 if this slot is corrupted from a dm-verity corruption, 0
+    // otherwise.
+    uint8_t verity_corrupted : 1;
+    // Reserved for further use.
+    uint8_t reserved : 7;
+} __attribute__((packed));
+
+/* Bootloader Control AB
+ *
+ * This struct can be used to manage A/B metadata. It is designed to
+ * be put in the 'slot_suffix' field of the 'bootloader_message'
+ * structure described above. It is encouraged to use the
+ * 'bootloader_control' structure to store the A/B metadata, but not
+ * mandatory.
+ */
+struct bootloader_control {
+    // NUL terminated active slot suffix.
+    char slot_suffix[4];
+    // Bootloader Control AB magic number (see BOOT_CTRL_MAGIC).
+    uint32_t magic;
+    // Version of struct being used (see BOOT_CTRL_VERSION).
+    uint8_t version;
+    // Number of slots being managed.
+    uint8_t nb_slot : 3;
+    // Number of times left attempting to boot recovery.
+    uint8_t recovery_tries_remaining : 3;
+    // Status of any pending snapshot merge of dynamic partitions.
+    uint8_t merge_status : 3;
+    // Ensure 4-bytes alignment for slot_info field.
+    uint8_t reserved0[1];
+    // Per-slot information.  Up to 4 slots.
+    struct slot_metadata slot_info[4];
+    // Reserved for further use.
+    uint8_t reserved1[8];
+    // CRC32 of all 28 bytes preceding this field (little endian
+    // format).
+    uint32_t crc32_le;
+} __attribute__((packed));
+
+#if (__STDC_VERSION__ >= 201112L) || defined(__cplusplus)
+static_assert(sizeof(struct bootloader_control) ==
+              sizeof(((struct bootloader_message_ab *)0)->slot_suffix),
+              "struct bootloader_control has wrong size");
+#endif
+
diff --git a/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/legacy_boot_control.cpp b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/legacy_boot_control.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..73d3a58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/legacy_boot_control.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <hardware/boot_control.h>
+#include <hardware/hardware.h>
+
+#include <libboot_control/libboot_control.h>
+
+using android::bootable::BootControl;
+
+struct boot_control_private_t {
+  // The base struct needs to be first in the list.
+  boot_control_module_t base;
+
+  BootControl impl;
+};
+
+namespace {
+
+void BootControl_init(boot_control_module_t* module) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  impl.Init();
+}
+
+unsigned int BootControl_getNumberSlots(boot_control_module_t* module) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.GetNumberSlots();
+}
+
+unsigned int BootControl_getCurrentSlot(boot_control_module_t* module) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.GetCurrentSlot();
+}
+
+int BootControl_markBootSuccessful(boot_control_module_t* module) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.MarkBootSuccessful() ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+int BootControl_setActiveBootSlot(boot_control_module_t* module, unsigned int slot) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.SetActiveBootSlot(slot) ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+int BootControl_setSlotAsUnbootable(struct boot_control_module* module, unsigned int slot) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.SetSlotAsUnbootable(slot) ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+int BootControl_isSlotBootable(struct boot_control_module* module, unsigned int slot) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.IsSlotBootable(slot) ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+int BootControl_isSlotMarkedSuccessful(struct boot_control_module* module, unsigned int slot) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.IsSlotMarkedSuccessful(slot) ? 0 : -1;
+}
+
+const char* BootControl_getSuffix(boot_control_module_t* module, unsigned int slot) {
+  auto& impl = reinterpret_cast<boot_control_private_t*>(module)->impl;
+  return impl.GetSuffix(slot);
+}
+
+static int BootControl_open(const hw_module_t* module __unused, const char* id __unused,
+                            hw_device_t** device __unused) {
+  /* Nothing to do currently. */
+  return 0;
+}
+
+struct hw_module_methods_t BootControl_methods = {
+  .open = BootControl_open,
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+boot_control_private_t HAL_MODULE_INFO_SYM = {
+  .base =
+      {
+          .common =
+              {
+                  .tag = HARDWARE_MODULE_TAG,
+                  .module_api_version = BOOT_CONTROL_MODULE_API_VERSION_0_1,
+                  .hal_api_version = HARDWARE_HAL_API_VERSION,
+                  .id = BOOT_CONTROL_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID,
+                  .name = "AOSP reference bootctrl HAL",
+                  .author = "The Android Open Source Project",
+                  .methods = &BootControl_methods,
+              },
+          .init = BootControl_init,
+          .getNumberSlots = BootControl_getNumberSlots,
+          .getCurrentSlot = BootControl_getCurrentSlot,
+          .markBootSuccessful = BootControl_markBootSuccessful,
+          .setActiveBootSlot = BootControl_setActiveBootSlot,
+          .setSlotAsUnbootable = BootControl_setSlotAsUnbootable,
+          .isSlotBootable = BootControl_isSlotBootable,
+          .getSuffix = BootControl_getSuffix,
+          .isSlotMarkedSuccessful = BootControl_isSlotMarkedSuccessful,
+      },
+};
diff --git a/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/libboot_control.cpp b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/libboot_control.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c6ccaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/boot/1.1/default/boot_control/libboot_control.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,425 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <libboot_control/libboot_control.h>
+
+#include <endian.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android-base/file.h>
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/properties.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <bootloader_message/bootloader_message.h>
+
+#include "private/boot_control_definition.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace bootable {
+
+using ::android::hardware::boot::V1_1::MergeStatus;
+
+// The number of boot attempts that should be made from a new slot before
+// rolling back to the previous slot.
+constexpr unsigned int kDefaultBootAttempts = 7;
+static_assert(kDefaultBootAttempts < 8, "tries_remaining field only has 3 bits");
+
+constexpr unsigned int kMaxNumSlots =
+    sizeof(bootloader_control::slot_info) / sizeof(bootloader_control::slot_info[0]);
+constexpr const char* kSlotSuffixes[kMaxNumSlots] = { "_a", "_b", "_c", "_d" };
+constexpr off_t kBootloaderControlOffset = offsetof(bootloader_message_ab, slot_suffix);
+
+static uint32_t CRC32(const uint8_t* buf, size_t size) {
+  static uint32_t crc_table[256];
+
+  // Compute the CRC-32 table only once.
+  if (!crc_table[1]) {
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < 256; ++i) {
+      uint32_t crc = i;
+      for (uint32_t j = 0; j < 8; ++j) {
+        uint32_t mask = -(crc & 1);
+        crc = (crc >> 1) ^ (0xEDB88320 & mask);
+      }
+      crc_table[i] = crc;
+    }
+  }
+
+  uint32_t ret = -1;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+    ret = (ret >> 8) ^ crc_table[(ret ^ buf[i]) & 0xFF];
+  }
+
+  return ~ret;
+}
+
+// Return the little-endian representation of the CRC-32 of the first fields
+// in |boot_ctrl| up to the crc32_le field.
+uint32_t BootloaderControlLECRC(const bootloader_control* boot_ctrl) {
+  return htole32(
+      CRC32(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(boot_ctrl), offsetof(bootloader_control, crc32_le)));
+}
+
+bool LoadBootloaderControl(const std::string& misc_device, bootloader_control* buffer) {
+  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(misc_device.c_str(), O_RDONLY));
+  if (fd.get() == -1) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to open " << misc_device;
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (lseek(fd, kBootloaderControlOffset, SEEK_SET) != kBootloaderControlOffset) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to lseek " << misc_device;
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!android::base::ReadFully(fd.get(), buffer, sizeof(bootloader_control))) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to read " << misc_device;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool UpdateAndSaveBootloaderControl(const std::string& misc_device, bootloader_control* buffer) {
+  buffer->crc32_le = BootloaderControlLECRC(buffer);
+  android::base::unique_fd fd(open(misc_device.c_str(), O_WRONLY | O_SYNC));
+  if (fd.get() == -1) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to open " << misc_device;
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (lseek(fd.get(), kBootloaderControlOffset, SEEK_SET) != kBootloaderControlOffset) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to lseek " << misc_device;
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!android::base::WriteFully(fd.get(), buffer, sizeof(bootloader_control))) {
+    PLOG(ERROR) << "failed to write " << misc_device;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void InitDefaultBootloaderControl(BootControl* control, bootloader_control* boot_ctrl) {
+  memset(boot_ctrl, 0, sizeof(*boot_ctrl));
+
+  unsigned int current_slot = control->GetCurrentSlot();
+  if (current_slot < kMaxNumSlots) {
+    strlcpy(boot_ctrl->slot_suffix, kSlotSuffixes[current_slot], sizeof(boot_ctrl->slot_suffix));
+  }
+  boot_ctrl->magic = BOOT_CTRL_MAGIC;
+  boot_ctrl->version = BOOT_CTRL_VERSION;
+
+  // Figure out the number of slots by checking if the partitions exist,
+  // otherwise assume the maximum supported by the header.
+  boot_ctrl->nb_slot = kMaxNumSlots;
+  std::string base_path = control->misc_device();
+  size_t last_path_sep = base_path.rfind('/');
+  if (last_path_sep != std::string::npos) {
+    // We test the existence of the "boot" partition on each possible slot,
+    // which is a partition required by Android Bootloader Requirements.
+    base_path = base_path.substr(0, last_path_sep + 1) + "boot";
+    int last_existing_slot = -1;
+    int first_missing_slot = -1;
+    for (unsigned int slot = 0; slot < kMaxNumSlots; ++slot) {
+      std::string partition_path = base_path + kSlotSuffixes[slot];
+      struct stat part_stat;
+      int err = stat(partition_path.c_str(), &part_stat);
+      if (!err) {
+        last_existing_slot = slot;
+        LOG(INFO) << "Found slot: " << kSlotSuffixes[slot];
+      } else if (err < 0 && errno == ENOENT && first_missing_slot == -1) {
+        first_missing_slot = slot;
+      }
+    }
+    // We only declare that we found the actual number of slots if we found all
+    // the boot partitions up to the number of slots, and no boot partition
+    // after that. Not finding any of the boot partitions implies a problem so
+    // we just leave the number of slots in the maximum value.
+    if ((last_existing_slot != -1 && last_existing_slot + 1 == first_missing_slot) ||
+        (first_missing_slot == -1 && last_existing_slot + 1 == kMaxNumSlots)) {
+      boot_ctrl->nb_slot = last_existing_slot + 1;
+      LOG(INFO) << "Found a system with " << last_existing_slot + 1 << " slots.";
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (unsigned int slot = 0; slot < kMaxNumSlots; ++slot) {
+    slot_metadata entry = {};
+
+    if (slot < boot_ctrl->nb_slot) {
+      entry.priority = 7;
+      entry.tries_remaining = kDefaultBootAttempts;
+      entry.successful_boot = 0;
+    } else {
+      entry.priority = 0;  // Unbootable
+    }
+
+    // When the boot_control stored on disk is invalid, we assume that the
+    // current slot is successful. The bootloader should repair this situation
+    // before booting and write a valid boot_control slot, so if we reach this
+    // stage it means that the misc partition was corrupted since boot.
+    if (current_slot == slot) {
+      entry.successful_boot = 1;
+    }
+
+    boot_ctrl->slot_info[slot] = entry;
+  }
+  boot_ctrl->recovery_tries_remaining = 0;
+
+  boot_ctrl->crc32_le = BootloaderControlLECRC(boot_ctrl);
+}
+
+// Return the index of the slot suffix passed or -1 if not a valid slot suffix.
+int SlotSuffixToIndex(const char* suffix) {
+  for (unsigned int slot = 0; slot < kMaxNumSlots; ++slot) {
+    if (!strcmp(kSlotSuffixes[slot], suffix)) return slot;
+  }
+  return -1;
+}
+
+// Initialize the boot_control_private struct with the information from
+// the bootloader_message buffer stored in |boot_ctrl|. Returns whether the
+// initialization succeeded.
+bool BootControl::Init() {
+  if (initialized_) return true;
+
+  // Initialize the current_slot from the read-only property. If the property
+  // was not set (from either the command line or the device tree), we can later
+  // initialize it from the bootloader_control struct.
+  std::string suffix_prop = android::base::GetProperty("ro.boot.slot_suffix", "");
+  if (suffix_prop.empty()) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Slot suffix property is not set";
+    return false;
+  }
+  current_slot_ = SlotSuffixToIndex(suffix_prop.c_str());
+
+  std::string err;
+  std::string device = get_bootloader_message_blk_device(&err);
+  if (device.empty()) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not find bootloader message block device: " << err;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bootloader_control boot_ctrl;
+  if (!LoadBootloaderControl(device.c_str(), &boot_ctrl)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to load bootloader control block";
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // Note that since there isn't a module unload function this memory is leaked.
+  // We use `device` below sometimes, so it's not moved out of here.
+  misc_device_ = device;
+  initialized_ = true;
+
+  // Validate the loaded data, otherwise we will destroy it and re-initialize it
+  // with the current information.
+  uint32_t computed_crc32 = BootloaderControlLECRC(&boot_ctrl);
+  if (boot_ctrl.crc32_le != computed_crc32) {
+    LOG(WARNING) << "Invalid boot control found, expected CRC-32 0x" << std::hex << computed_crc32
+                 << " but found 0x" << std::hex << boot_ctrl.crc32_le << ". Re-initializing.";
+    InitDefaultBootloaderControl(this, &boot_ctrl);
+    UpdateAndSaveBootloaderControl(device.c_str(), &boot_ctrl);
+  }
+
+  if (!InitMiscVirtualAbMessageIfNeeded()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  num_slots_ = boot_ctrl.nb_slot;
+  return true;
+}
+
+unsigned int BootControl::GetNumberSlots() {
+  return num_slots_;
+}
+
+unsigned int BootControl::GetCurrentSlot() {
+  return current_slot_;
+}
+
+bool BootControl::MarkBootSuccessful() {
+  bootloader_control bootctrl;
+  if (!LoadBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl)) return false;
+
+  bootctrl.slot_info[current_slot_].successful_boot = 1;
+  // tries_remaining == 0 means that the slot is not bootable anymore, make
+  // sure we mark the current slot as bootable if it succeeds in the last
+  // attempt.
+  bootctrl.slot_info[current_slot_].tries_remaining = 1;
+  return UpdateAndSaveBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl);
+}
+
+bool BootControl::SetActiveBootSlot(unsigned int slot) {
+  if (slot >= kMaxNumSlots || slot >= num_slots_) {
+    // Invalid slot number.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bootloader_control bootctrl;
+  if (!LoadBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl)) return false;
+
+  // Set every other slot with a lower priority than the new "active" slot.
+  const unsigned int kActivePriority = 15;
+  const unsigned int kActiveTries = 6;
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < num_slots_; ++i) {
+    if (i != slot) {
+      if (bootctrl.slot_info[i].priority >= kActivePriority)
+        bootctrl.slot_info[i].priority = kActivePriority - 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Note that setting a slot as active doesn't change the successful bit.
+  // The successful bit will only be changed by setSlotAsUnbootable().
+  bootctrl.slot_info[slot].priority = kActivePriority;
+  bootctrl.slot_info[slot].tries_remaining = kActiveTries;
+
+  // Setting the current slot as active is a way to revert the operation that
+  // set *another* slot as active at the end of an updater. This is commonly
+  // used to cancel the pending update. We should only reset the verity_corrpted
+  // bit when attempting a new slot, otherwise the verity bit on the current
+  // slot would be flip.
+  if (slot != current_slot_) bootctrl.slot_info[slot].verity_corrupted = 0;
+
+  return UpdateAndSaveBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl);
+}
+
+bool BootControl::SetSlotAsUnbootable(unsigned int slot) {
+  if (slot >= kMaxNumSlots || slot >= num_slots_) {
+    // Invalid slot number.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bootloader_control bootctrl;
+  if (!LoadBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl)) return false;
+
+  // The only way to mark a slot as unbootable, regardless of the priority is to
+  // set the tries_remaining to 0.
+  bootctrl.slot_info[slot].successful_boot = 0;
+  bootctrl.slot_info[slot].tries_remaining = 0;
+  return UpdateAndSaveBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl);
+}
+
+bool BootControl::IsSlotBootable(unsigned int slot) {
+  if (slot >= kMaxNumSlots || slot >= num_slots_) {
+    // Invalid slot number.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bootloader_control bootctrl;
+  if (!LoadBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl)) return false;
+
+  return bootctrl.slot_info[slot].tries_remaining != 0;
+}
+
+bool BootControl::IsSlotMarkedSuccessful(unsigned int slot) {
+  if (slot >= kMaxNumSlots || slot >= num_slots_) {
+    // Invalid slot number.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bootloader_control bootctrl;
+  if (!LoadBootloaderControl(misc_device_, &bootctrl)) return false;
+
+  return bootctrl.slot_info[slot].successful_boot && bootctrl.slot_info[slot].tries_remaining;
+}
+
+bool BootControl::IsValidSlot(unsigned int slot) {
+  return slot < kMaxNumSlots && slot < num_slots_;
+}
+
+bool BootControl::SetSnapshotMergeStatus(MergeStatus status) {
+  return SetMiscVirtualAbMergeStatus(current_slot_, status);
+}
+
+MergeStatus BootControl::GetSnapshotMergeStatus() {
+  MergeStatus status;
+  if (!GetMiscVirtualAbMergeStatus(current_slot_, &status)) {
+    return MergeStatus::UNKNOWN;
+  }
+  return status;
+}
+
+const char* BootControl::GetSuffix(unsigned int slot) {
+  if (slot >= kMaxNumSlots || slot >= num_slots_) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  return kSlotSuffixes[slot];
+}
+
+bool InitMiscVirtualAbMessageIfNeeded() {
+  std::string err;
+  misc_virtual_ab_message message;
+  if (!ReadMiscVirtualAbMessage(&message, &err)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not read merge status: " << err;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (message.version == MISC_VIRTUAL_AB_MESSAGE_VERSION &&
+      message.magic == MISC_VIRTUAL_AB_MAGIC_HEADER) {
+    // Already initialized.
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  message = {};
+  message.version = MISC_VIRTUAL_AB_MESSAGE_VERSION;
+  message.magic = MISC_VIRTUAL_AB_MAGIC_HEADER;
+  if (!WriteMiscVirtualAbMessage(message, &err)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not write merge status: " << err;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool SetMiscVirtualAbMergeStatus(unsigned int current_slot,
+                                 android::hardware::boot::V1_1::MergeStatus status) {
+  std::string err;
+  misc_virtual_ab_message message;
+
+  if (!ReadMiscVirtualAbMessage(&message, &err)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not read merge status: " << err;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  message.merge_status = static_cast<uint8_t>(status);
+  message.source_slot = current_slot;
+  if (!WriteMiscVirtualAbMessage(message, &err)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not write merge status: " << err;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool GetMiscVirtualAbMergeStatus(unsigned int current_slot,
+                                 android::hardware::boot::V1_1::MergeStatus* status) {
+  std::string err;
+  misc_virtual_ab_message message;
+
+  if (!ReadMiscVirtualAbMessage(&message, &err)) {
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Could not read merge status: " << err;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  // If the slot reverted after having created a snapshot, then the snapshot will
+  // be thrown away at boot. Thus we don't count this as being in a snapshotted
+  // state.
+  *status = static_cast<MergeStatus>(message.merge_status);
+  if (*status == MergeStatus::SNAPSHOTTED && current_slot == message.source_slot) {
+    *status = MergeStatus::NONE;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace bootable
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest.cpp b/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest.cpp
index cbdd87b..1bef663 100644
--- a/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 #include <unistd.h>
 
 #include <functional>
+#include <tuple>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include <android/hardware/dumpstate/1.1/IDumpstateDevice.h>
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <cutils/native_handle.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 
@@ -39,13 +41,18 @@
 using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::IDumpstateDevice;
 using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::toString;
 
-class DumpstateHidl1_1Test : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+// Base class common to all dumpstate HAL v1.1 tests.
+template <typename T>
+class DumpstateHidl1_1TestBase : public ::testing::TestWithParam<T> {
   protected:
     virtual void SetUp() override { GetService(); }
 
+    virtual std::string GetInstanceName() = 0;
+
     void GetService() {
-        dumpstate = IDumpstateDevice::getService(GetParam());
-        ASSERT_NE(dumpstate, nullptr) << "Could not get HIDL instance";
+        const std::string instance_name = GetInstanceName();
+        dumpstate = IDumpstateDevice::getService(instance_name);
+        ASSERT_NE(dumpstate, nullptr) << "Could not get HIDL instance " << instance_name;
     }
 
     void ToggleVerboseLogging(bool enable) {
@@ -78,77 +85,76 @@
     sp<IDumpstateDevice> dumpstate;
 };
 
-#define TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, mode) \
-    TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, name##_##mode) { body(DumpstateMode::mode); }
+// Tests that don't need to iterate every single DumpstateMode value for dumpstateBoard_1_1.
+class DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest : public DumpstateHidl1_1TestBase<std::string> {
+  protected:
+    virtual std::string GetInstanceName() override { return GetParam(); }
+};
 
-// We use a macro to define individual test cases instead of hidl_enum_range<> because some HAL
-// implementations are lazy and may call exit() at the end of dumpstateBoard(), which would cause
-// DEAD_OBJECT errors after the first iteration. Separate cases re-get the service each time as part
-// of SetUp(), and also provide better separation of concerns when specific modes are problematic.
-#define TEST_FOR_ALL_DUMPSTATE_MODES(name, body)       \
-    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, FULL);         \
-    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, INTERACTIVE);  \
-    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, REMOTE);       \
-    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, WEAR);         \
-    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, CONNECTIVITY); \
-    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, WIFI);         \
-    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, DEFAULT);      \
-    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, PROTO);
+// Tests that iterate every single DumpstateMode value for dumpstateBoard_1_1.
+class DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest
+    : public DumpstateHidl1_1TestBase<std::tuple<std::string, DumpstateMode>> {
+  protected:
+    virtual std::string GetInstanceName() override { return std::get<0>(GetParam()); }
+
+    DumpstateMode GetMode() { return std::get<1>(GetParam()); }
+
+    // Will only execute additional_assertions when status == expected.
+    void AssertStatusForMode(const Return<DumpstateStatus>& status, const DumpstateStatus expected,
+                             std::function<void()> additional_assertions = nullptr) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk())
+                << "Status should be ok and return a more specific DumpstateStatus: "
+                << status.description();
+        if (GetMode() == DumpstateMode::DEFAULT) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(expected, status)
+                    << "Required mode (DumpstateMode::" << toString(GetMode())
+                    << "): status should be DumpstateStatus::" << toString(expected)
+                    << ", but got DumpstateStatus::" << toString(status);
+        } else {
+            // The rest of the modes are optional to support, but they MUST return either the
+            // expected value or UNSUPPORTED_MODE.
+            ASSERT_TRUE(status == expected || status == DumpstateStatus::UNSUPPORTED_MODE)
+                    << "Optional mode (DumpstateMode::" << toString(GetMode())
+                    << "): status should be DumpstateStatus::" << toString(expected)
+                    << " or DumpstateStatus::UNSUPPORTED_MODE, but got DumpstateStatus::"
+                    << toString(status);
+        }
+        if (status == expected && additional_assertions != nullptr) {
+            additional_assertions();
+        }
+    }
+};
 
 constexpr uint64_t kDefaultTimeoutMillis = 30 * 1000;  // 30 seconds
 
-// Will only execute additional_assertions when status == expected.
-void AssertStatusForMode(const DumpstateMode mode, const Return<DumpstateStatus>& status,
-                         const DumpstateStatus expected,
-                         std::function<void()> additional_assertions = nullptr) {
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Status should be ok and return a more specific DumpstateStatus: "
-                               << status.description();
-    if (mode == DumpstateMode::DEFAULT) {
-        ASSERT_EQ(expected, status) << "Required mode (DumpstateMode::" << toString(mode)
-                                    << "): status should be DumpstateStatus::" << toString(expected)
-                                    << ", but got DumpstateStatus::" << toString(status);
-    } else {
-        // The rest of the modes are optional to support, but they MUST return either the expected
-        // value or UNSUPPORTED_MODE.
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status == expected || status == DumpstateStatus::UNSUPPORTED_MODE)
-                << "Optional mode (DumpstateMode::" << toString(mode)
-                << "): status should be DumpstateStatus::" << toString(expected)
-                << " or DumpstateStatus::UNSUPPORTED_MODE, but got DumpstateStatus::"
-                << toString(status);
-    }
-    if (status == expected && additional_assertions != nullptr) {
-        additional_assertions();
-    }
-}
-
 // Negative test: make sure dumpstateBoard() doesn't crash when passed a null pointer.
-TEST_FOR_ALL_DUMPSTATE_MODES(TestNullHandle, [this](DumpstateMode mode) {
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest, TestNullHandle) {
     EnableVerboseLogging();
 
     Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
-            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(nullptr, mode, kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(nullptr, GetMode(), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
 
-    AssertStatusForMode(mode, status, DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
-});
+    AssertStatusForMode(status, DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+}
 
 // Negative test: make sure dumpstateBoard() ignores a handle with no FD.
-TEST_FOR_ALL_DUMPSTATE_MODES(TestHandleWithNoFd, [this](DumpstateMode mode) {
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest, TestHandleWithNoFd) {
     EnableVerboseLogging();
 
     native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(0, 0);
     ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
 
     Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
-            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, mode, kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, GetMode(), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
 
-    AssertStatusForMode(mode, status, DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    AssertStatusForMode(status, DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
 
     native_handle_close(handle);
     native_handle_delete(handle);
-});
+}
 
 // Positive test: make sure dumpstateBoard() writes something to the FD.
-TEST_FOR_ALL_DUMPSTATE_MODES(TestOk, [this](DumpstateMode mode) {
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest, TestOk) {
     EnableVerboseLogging();
 
     // Index 0 corresponds to the read end of the pipe; 1 to the write end.
@@ -160,9 +166,9 @@
     handle->data[0] = fds[1];
 
     Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
-            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, mode, kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, GetMode(), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
 
-    AssertStatusForMode(mode, status, DumpstateStatus::OK, [&fds]() {
+    AssertStatusForMode(status, DumpstateStatus::OK, [&fds]() {
         // Check that at least one byte was written.
         char buff;
         ASSERT_EQ(1, read(fds[0], &buff, 1)) << "Dumped nothing";
@@ -170,10 +176,10 @@
 
     native_handle_close(handle);
     native_handle_delete(handle);
-});
+}
 
 // Positive test: make sure dumpstateBoard() doesn't crash with two FDs.
-TEST_FOR_ALL_DUMPSTATE_MODES(TestHandleWithTwoFds, [this](DumpstateMode mode) {
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest, TestHandleWithTwoFds) {
     EnableVerboseLogging();
 
     int fds1[2];
@@ -187,9 +193,9 @@
     handle->data[1] = fds2[1];
 
     Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
-            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, mode, kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, GetMode(), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
 
-    AssertStatusForMode(mode, status, DumpstateStatus::OK, [&fds1, &fds2]() {
+    AssertStatusForMode(status, DumpstateStatus::OK, [&fds1, &fds2]() {
         // Check that at least one byte was written to one of the FDs.
         char buff;
         size_t read1 = read(fds1[0], &buff, 1);
@@ -200,10 +206,10 @@
 
     native_handle_close(handle);
     native_handle_delete(handle);
-});
+}
 
 // Make sure dumpstateBoard_1_1 actually validates its arguments.
-TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, TestInvalidModeArgument_Negative) {
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest, TestInvalidModeArgument_Negative) {
     EnableVerboseLogging();
 
     int fds[2];
@@ -225,7 +231,7 @@
     native_handle_delete(handle);
 }
 
-TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, TestInvalidModeArgument_Undefined) {
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest, TestInvalidModeArgument_Undefined) {
     EnableVerboseLogging();
 
     int fds[2];
@@ -248,7 +254,7 @@
 }
 
 // Positive test: make sure dumpstateBoard() from 1.0 doesn't fail.
-TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, Test1_0MethodOk) {
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest, Test1_0MethodOk) {
     EnableVerboseLogging();
 
     int fds[2];
@@ -272,7 +278,7 @@
 
 // Make sure disabling verbose logging behaves correctly. Some info is still allowed to be emitted,
 // but it can't have privacy/storage/battery impacts.
-TEST_FOR_ALL_DUMPSTATE_MODES(TestVerboseLoggingDisabled, [this](DumpstateMode mode) {
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest, TestDeviceLoggingDisabled) {
     DisableVerboseLogging();
 
     // Index 0 corresponds to the read end of the pipe; 1 to the write end.
@@ -284,31 +290,31 @@
     handle->data[0] = fds[1];
 
     Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
-            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, mode, kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, GetMode(), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
 
     // We don't include additional assertions here about the file passed in. If verbose logging is
     // disabled, the OEM may choose to include nothing at all, but it is allowed to include some
     // essential information based on the mode as long as it isn't private user information.
-    AssertStatusForMode(mode, status, DumpstateStatus::OK);
+    AssertStatusForMode(status, DumpstateStatus::OK);
 
     native_handle_close(handle);
     native_handle_delete(handle);
-});
+}
 
 // Double-enable is perfectly valid, but the second call shouldn't do anything.
-TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, TestRepeatedEnable) {
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest, TestRepeatedEnable) {
     EnableVerboseLogging();
     EnableVerboseLogging();
 }
 
 // Double-disable is perfectly valid, but the second call shouldn't do anything.
-TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, TestRepeatedDisable) {
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest, TestRepeatedDisable) {
     DisableVerboseLogging();
     DisableVerboseLogging();
 }
 
 // Toggling in short order is perfectly valid.
-TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, TestRepeatedToggle) {
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest, TestRepeatedToggle) {
     EnableVerboseLogging();
     DisableVerboseLogging();
     EnableVerboseLogging();
@@ -316,8 +322,23 @@
 }
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
-        PerInstance, DumpstateHidl1_1Test,
+        PerInstance, DumpstateHidl1_1GeneralTest,
         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDumpstateDevice::descriptor)),
         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
 
+// Includes the mode's name as part of the description string.
+static inline std::string PrintInstanceNameToStringWithMode(
+        const testing::TestParamInfo<std::tuple<std::string, DumpstateMode>>& info) {
+    return android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString(
+                   testing::TestParamInfo(std::get<0>(info.param), info.index)) +
+           "_" + toString(std::get<1>(info.param));
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstanceAndMode, DumpstateHidl1_1PerModeTest,
+        testing::Combine(testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 IDumpstateDevice::descriptor)),
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::hidl_enum_range<DumpstateMode>())),
+        PrintInstanceNameToStringWithMode);
+
 }  // namespace
diff --git a/health/2.0/default/HealthImplDefault.cpp b/health/2.0/default/HealthImplDefault.cpp
index e3cbefd..08fee9e 100644
--- a/health/2.0/default/HealthImplDefault.cpp
+++ b/health/2.0/default/HealthImplDefault.cpp
@@ -21,18 +21,6 @@
 using android::hardware::health::V2_0::implementation::Health;
 
 static struct healthd_config gHealthdConfig = {
-    .batteryStatusPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryHealthPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryPresentPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryCapacityPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryVoltagePath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryTemperaturePath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryTechnologyPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryCurrentNowPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryCurrentAvgPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryChargeCounterPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryFullChargePath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
-    .batteryCycleCountPath = android::String8(android::String8::kEmptyString),
     .energyCounter = nullptr,
     .boot_min_cap = 0,
     .screen_on = nullptr};
diff --git a/health/utils/libhealthloop/utils.cpp b/health/utils/libhealthloop/utils.cpp
index 053fd19..cd8c7a9 100644
--- a/health/utils/libhealthloop/utils.cpp
+++ b/health/utils/libhealthloop/utils.cpp
@@ -28,21 +28,6 @@
     *healthd_config = {
             .periodic_chores_interval_fast = DEFAULT_PERIODIC_CHORES_INTERVAL_FAST,
             .periodic_chores_interval_slow = DEFAULT_PERIODIC_CHORES_INTERVAL_SLOW,
-            .batteryStatusPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryHealthPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryPresentPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryCapacityPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryVoltagePath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryTemperaturePath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryTechnologyPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryCurrentNowPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryCurrentAvgPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryChargeCounterPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryFullChargePath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryCycleCountPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryCapacityLevelPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryChargeTimeToFullNowPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
-            .batteryFullChargeDesignCapacityUahPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
             .energyCounter = NULL,
             .boot_min_cap = 0,
             .screen_on = NULL,
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.cpp b/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.cpp
index ba2062d..89f7f35 100644
--- a/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.cpp
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.cpp
@@ -16,6 +16,9 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "WritableIdentityCredential"
 
+#include "WritableIdentityCredential.h"
+#include "IdentityCredentialStore.h"
+
 #include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
@@ -23,6 +26,8 @@
 #include <cppbor/cppbor.h>
 #include <cppbor/cppbor_parse.h>
 
+#include <utility>
+
 #include "IdentityCredentialStore.h"
 #include "Util.h"
 #include "WritableIdentityCredential.h"
@@ -33,26 +38,6 @@
 using namespace ::android::hardware::identity;
 
 bool WritableIdentityCredential::initialize() {
-    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
-    if (!keyPair) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating credentialKey";
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
-    if (!pubKey) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting public part of credentialKey";
-        return false;
-    }
-    credentialPubKey_ = pubKey.value();
-
-    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
-    if (!privKey) {
-        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting private part of credentialKey";
-        return false;
-    }
-    credentialPrivKey_ = privKey.value();
-
     optional<vector<uint8_t>> random = support::getRandom(16);
     if (!random) {
         LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating storageKey";
@@ -63,88 +48,54 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-// TODO: use |attestationApplicationId| and |attestationChallenge| and also
-//       ensure the returned certificate chain satisfy the requirements listed in
-//       the docs for IWritableIdentityCredential::getAttestationCertificate()
-//
+// This function generates the attestation certificate using the passed in
+// |attestationApplicationId| and |attestationChallenge|.  It will generate an
+// attestation certificate with current time and expires one year from now.  The
+// certificate shall contain all values as specified in hal.
 ndk::ScopedAStatus WritableIdentityCredential::getAttestationCertificate(
-        const vector<int8_t>& /*attestationApplicationId*/,
-        const vector<int8_t>& /*attestationChallenge*/, vector<Certificate>* outCertificateChain) {
-    // For now, we dynamically generate an attestion key on each and every
-    // request and use that to sign CredentialKey. In a real implementation this
-    // would look very differently.
-    optional<vector<uint8_t>> attestationKeyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
-    if (!attestationKeyPair) {
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
-                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error creating attestationKey"));
-    }
-
-    optional<vector<uint8_t>> attestationPubKey =
-            support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(attestationKeyPair.value());
-    if (!attestationPubKey) {
+        const vector<int8_t>& attestationApplicationId,  //
+        const vector<int8_t>& attestationChallenge,      //
+        vector<Certificate>* outCertificateChain) {
+    if (!credentialPrivKey_.empty() || !credentialPubKey_.empty() || !certificateChain_.empty()) {
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
                 IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
-                "Error getting public part of attestationKey"));
+                "Error attestation certificate previously generated"));
     }
 
-    optional<vector<uint8_t>> attestationPrivKey =
-            support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(attestationKeyPair.value());
-    if (!attestationPrivKey) {
+    vector<uint8_t> challenge(attestationChallenge.begin(), attestationChallenge.end());
+    vector<uint8_t> appId(attestationApplicationId.begin(), attestationApplicationId.end());
+
+    optional<std::pair<vector<uint8_t>, vector<vector<uint8_t>>>> keyAttestationPair =
+            support::createEcKeyPairAndAttestation(challenge, appId);
+    if (!keyAttestationPair) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating credentialKey and attestation";
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
                 IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
-                "Error getting private part of attestationKey"));
+                "Error creating credentialKey and attestation"));
     }
 
-    string serialDecimal;
-    string issuer;
-    string subject;
-    time_t validityNotBefore = time(nullptr);
-    time_t validityNotAfter = validityNotBefore + 365 * 24 * 3600;
+    vector<uint8_t> keyPair = keyAttestationPair.value().first;
+    certificateChain_ = keyAttestationPair.value().second;
 
-    // First create a certificate for |credentialPubKey| which is signed by
-    // |attestationPrivKey|.
-    //
-    serialDecimal = "0";  // TODO: set serial to |attestationChallenge|
-    issuer = "Android Open Source Project";
-    subject = "Android IdentityCredential CredentialKey";
-    optional<vector<uint8_t>> credentialPubKeyCertificate = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
-            credentialPubKey_, attestationPrivKey.value(), serialDecimal, issuer, subject,
-            validityNotBefore, validityNotAfter);
-    if (!credentialPubKeyCertificate) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair);
+    if (!pubKey) {
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
                 IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
-                "Error creating certificate for credentialPubKey"));
+                "Error getting public part of credentialKey"));
     }
+    credentialPubKey_ = pubKey.value();
 
-    // This is followed by a certificate for |attestationPubKey| self-signed by
-    // |attestationPrivKey|.
-    serialDecimal = "0";  // TODO: set serial
-    issuer = "Android Open Source Project";
-    subject = "Android IdentityCredential AttestationKey";
-    optional<vector<uint8_t>> attestationKeyCertificate = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
-            attestationPubKey.value(), attestationPrivKey.value(), serialDecimal, issuer, subject,
-            validityNotBefore, validityNotAfter);
-    if (!attestationKeyCertificate) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair);
+    if (!privKey) {
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
                 IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED,
-                "Error creating certificate for attestationPubKey"));
+                "Error getting private part of credentialKey"));
     }
+    credentialPrivKey_ = privKey.value();
 
-    // Concatenate the certificates to form the chain.
-    vector<uint8_t> certificateChain;
-    certificateChain.insert(certificateChain.end(), credentialPubKeyCertificate.value().begin(),
-                            credentialPubKeyCertificate.value().end());
-    certificateChain.insert(certificateChain.end(), attestationKeyCertificate.value().begin(),
-                            attestationKeyCertificate.value().end());
-
-    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> splitCertChain =
-            support::certificateChainSplit(certificateChain);
-    if (!splitCertChain) {
-        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromServiceSpecificErrorWithMessage(
-                IIdentityCredentialStore::STATUS_FAILED, "Error splitting certificate chain"));
-    }
+    // convert from vector<vector<uint8_t>>> to vector<Certificate>*
     *outCertificateChain = vector<Certificate>();
-    for (const vector<uint8_t>& cert : splitCertChain.value()) {
+    for (const vector<uint8_t>& cert : certificateChain_) {
         Certificate c = Certificate();
         c.encodedCertificate = byteStringToSigned(cert);
         outCertificateChain->push_back(std::move(c));
diff --git a/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.h b/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.h
index b380f89..b182862 100644
--- a/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.h
+++ b/identity/aidl/default/WritableIdentityCredential.h
@@ -64,10 +64,13 @@
     string docType_;
     bool testCredential_;
 
-    // These are set in initialize().
+    // This is set in initialize().
     vector<uint8_t> storageKey_;
+
+    // These are set in getAttestationCertificate().
     vector<uint8_t> credentialPrivKey_;
     vector<uint8_t> credentialPubKey_;
+    vector<vector<uint8_t>> certificateChain_;
 
     // These fields are initialized during startPersonalization()
     size_t numAccessControlProfileRemaining_;
diff --git a/identity/support/Android.bp b/identity/support/Android.bp
index 7b4546b..2b6c695 100644
--- a/identity/support/Android.bp
+++ b/identity/support/Android.bp
@@ -23,10 +23,14 @@
         "include",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
         "libcrypto",
         "libbase",
         "libhidlbase",
         "libhardware",
+        "libkeymaster_portable",
+        "libsoft_attestation_cert",
+        "libpuresoftkeymasterdevice",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "libcppbor",
diff --git a/identity/support/include/android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h b/identity/support/include/android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h
index 4533ad9..507e914 100644
--- a/identity/support/include/android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h
+++ b/identity/support/include/android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <tuple>
+#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -106,6 +107,17 @@
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 // EC crypto functionality / abstraction (only supports P-256).
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Creates an 256-bit EC key using the NID_X9_62_prime256v1 curve, returns the
+// PKCS#8 encoded key-pair.  Also generates an attestation
+// certificate using the |challenge| and |applicationId|, and returns the generated
+// certificate in X.509 certificate chain format.
+//
+// The attestation time fields used will be the current time, and expires in one year.
+//
+// The first parameter of the return value is the keyPair generated, second return in
+// the pair is the attestation certificate generated.
+optional<std::pair<vector<uint8_t>, vector<vector<uint8_t>>>> createEcKeyPairAndAttestation(
+        const vector<uint8_t>& challenge, const vector<uint8_t>& applicationId);
 
 // Creates an 256-bit EC key using the NID_X9_62_prime256v1 curve, returns the
 // PKCS#8 encoded key-pair.
diff --git a/identity/support/src/IdentityCredentialSupport.cpp b/identity/support/src/IdentityCredentialSupport.cpp
index e2828bf..bf6a5c3 100644
--- a/identity/support/src/IdentityCredentialSupport.cpp
+++ b/identity/support/src/IdentityCredentialSupport.cpp
@@ -47,6 +47,13 @@
 #include <cppbor.h>
 #include <cppbor_parse.h>
 
+#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.0/types.h>
+#include <keymaster/authorization_set.h>
+#include <keymaster/contexts/pure_soft_keymaster_context.h>
+#include <keymaster/contexts/soft_attestation_cert.h>
+#include <keymaster/keymaster_tags.h>
+#include <keymaster/km_openssl/attestation_utils.h>
+
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace identity {
@@ -816,6 +823,138 @@
     return hmac;
 }
 
+// Generates the attestation certificate with the parameters passed in.  Note
+// that the passed in |activeTimeMilliSeconds| |expireTimeMilliSeconds| are in
+// milli seconds since epoch.  We are setting them to milliseconds due to
+// requirement in AuthorizationSet KM_DATE fields.  The certificate created is
+// actually in seconds.
+optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> createAttestation(const EVP_PKEY* key,
+                                                    const vector<uint8_t>& applicationId,
+                                                    const vector<uint8_t>& challenge,
+                                                    uint64_t activeTimeMilliSeconds,
+                                                    uint64_t expireTimeMilliSeconds) {
+    ::keymaster::AuthorizationSet auth_set(
+            ::keymaster::AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE, challenge.data(),
+                                   challenge.size())
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_ACTIVE_DATETIME, activeTimeMilliSeconds)
+                    // Even though identity attestation hal said the application
+                    // id should be in software enforced authentication set,
+                    // keymaster portable lib expect the input in this
+                    // parameter because the software enforced in input to keymaster
+                    // refers to the key software enforced properties. And this
+                    // parameter refers to properties of the attestation which
+                    // includes app id.
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID,
+                                   applicationId.data(), applicationId.size())
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_USAGE_EXPIRE_DATETIME, expireTimeMilliSeconds));
+
+    // Unique id and device id is not applicable for identity credential attestation,
+    // so we don't need to set those or application id.
+    ::keymaster::AuthorizationSet swEnforced(::keymaster::AuthorizationSetBuilder().Authorization(
+            ::keymaster::TAG_CREATION_DATETIME, activeTimeMilliSeconds));
+
+    ::keymaster::AuthorizationSet hwEnforced(
+            ::keymaster::AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_PURPOSE, KM_PURPOSE_SIGN)
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_KEY_SIZE, 256)
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_ALGORITHM, KM_ALGORITHM_EC)
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_DIGEST, KM_DIGEST_SHA_2_256)
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_EC_CURVE, KM_EC_CURVE_P_256)
+                    .Authorization(::keymaster::TAG_IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_KEY));
+
+    const keymaster_cert_chain_t* attestation_chain =
+            ::keymaster::getAttestationChain(KM_ALGORITHM_EC, nullptr);
+
+    if (attestation_chain == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting attestation chain";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    const keymaster_key_blob_t* attestation_signing_key =
+            ::keymaster::getAttestationKey(KM_ALGORITHM_EC, nullptr);
+    if (attestation_signing_key == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting attestation key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    keymaster_error_t error;
+    ::keymaster::CertChainPtr cert_chain_out;
+    ::keymaster::PureSoftKeymasterContext context;
+
+    // set identity version to 10 per hal requirements specified in IWriteableCredential.hal
+    // For now, the identity version in the attestation is set in the keymaster
+    // version field in the portable keymaster lib, which is a bit misleading.
+    uint identity_version = 10;
+    error = generate_attestation_from_EVP(key, swEnforced, hwEnforced, auth_set, context,
+                                          identity_version, *attestation_chain,
+                                          *attestation_signing_key, &cert_chain_out);
+
+    if (KM_ERROR_OK != error || !cert_chain_out) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generate attestation from EVP key" << error;
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // translate certificate format from keymaster_cert_chain_t to vector<uint8_t>.
+    vector<vector<uint8_t>> attestationCertificate;
+    for (int i = 0; i < cert_chain_out->entry_count; i++) {
+        attestationCertificate.insert(
+                attestationCertificate.end(),
+                vector<uint8_t>(
+                        cert_chain_out->entries[i].data,
+                        cert_chain_out->entries[i].data + cert_chain_out->entries[i].data_length));
+    }
+
+    return attestationCertificate;
+}
+
+optional<std::pair<vector<uint8_t>, vector<vector<uint8_t>>>> createEcKeyPairAndAttestation(
+        const vector<uint8_t>& challenge, const vector<uint8_t>& applicationId) {
+    auto ec_key = ::keymaster::EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new());
+    auto pkey = ::keymaster::EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    auto group = ::keymaster::EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+
+    if (ec_key.get() == nullptr || pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Memory allocation failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EC_KEY_set_group(ec_key.get(), group.get()) != 1 ||
+        EC_KEY_generate_key(ec_key.get()) != 1 || EC_KEY_check_key(ec_key.get()) < 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generating key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey.get(), ec_key.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    uint64_t now = time(nullptr);
+    uint64_t secondsInOneYear = 365 * 24 * 60 * 60;
+    uint64_t expireTimeMs = (now + secondsInOneYear) * 1000;
+
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> attestationCert =
+            createAttestation(pkey.get(), applicationId, challenge, now * 1000, expireTimeMs);
+    if (!attestationCert) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error create attestation from key and challenge";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int size = i2d_PrivateKey(pkey.get(), nullptr);
+    if (size == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generating public key encoding";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> keyPair(size);
+    unsigned char* p = keyPair.data();
+    i2d_PrivateKey(pkey.get(), &p);
+
+    return make_pair(keyPair, attestationCert.value());
+}
+
 optional<vector<uint8_t>> createEcKeyPair() {
     auto ec_key = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new());
     auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h
index 6c186f6..40eb142 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@
 DECLARE_KM_4_1_TYPED_TAG(EARLY_BOOT_ONLY);
 DECLARE_KM_4_1_TYPED_TAG(DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION);
 DECLARE_KM_4_1_TYPED_TAG(STORAGE_KEY);
+DECLARE_KM_4_1_TYPED_TAG(IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_KEY);
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1