diff --git a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp
index 41a08f9..49e00f4 100644
--- a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/VtsHalCameraProviderV2_4TargetTest.cpp
@@ -230,10 +230,10 @@
         return false;
     }
 
-    int getCameraDeviceVersion(const hidl_string& deviceName,
-            const hidl_string &providerType) {
+    int getCameraDeviceVersionAndId(const hidl_string& deviceName,
+            const hidl_string &providerType, std::string* id) {
         std::string version;
-        bool match = matchDeviceName(deviceName, providerType, &version, nullptr);
+        bool match = matchDeviceName(deviceName, providerType, &version, id);
         if (!match) {
             return -1;
         }
@@ -256,6 +256,11 @@
         return 0;
     }
 
+    int getCameraDeviceVersion(const hidl_string& deviceName,
+            const hidl_string &providerType) {
+        return getCameraDeviceVersionAndId(deviceName, providerType, nullptr);
+    }
+
     bool parseProviderName(const std::string& name, std::string *type /*out*/,
             uint32_t *id /*out*/) {
         if (!type || !id) {
@@ -930,6 +935,7 @@
             camera_metadata_ro_entry* streamConfigs,
             camera_metadata_ro_entry* maxResolutionStreamConfigs,
             const camera_metadata_t* staticMetadata);
+    static bool isColorCamera(const camera_metadata_t *metadata);
 
     static V3_2::DataspaceFlags getDataspace(PixelFormat format);
 
@@ -6179,6 +6185,167 @@
     }
 }
 
+// Test the multi-camera API requirement for Google Requirement Freeze S
+// Note that this requirement can only be partially tested. If a vendor
+// device doesn't expose a physical camera in any shape or form, there is no way
+// the test can catch it.
+TEST_P(CameraHidlTest, grfSMultiCameraTest) {
+    const int socGrfApi = property_get_int32("ro.board.first_api_level", /*default*/ -1);
+    if (socGrfApi < 31 /*S*/) {
+        // Non-GRF devices, or version < 31 Skip
+        ALOGI("%s: socGrfApi level is %d. Skipping", __FUNCTION__, socGrfApi);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Test that if more than one color cameras facing the same direction are
+    // supported, there must be at least one logical camera facing that
+    // direction.
+    hidl_vec<hidl_string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    // Front and back facing non-logical color cameras
+    std::set<std::string> frontColorCameras, rearColorCameras;
+    // Front and back facing logical cameras' physical camera Id sets
+    std::set<std::set<std::string>> frontPhysicalIds, rearPhysicalIds;
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::string cameraId;
+        int deviceVersion = getCameraDeviceVersionAndId(name, mProviderType, &cameraId);
+        switch (deviceVersion) {
+            case CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_7:
+            case CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_6:
+            case CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_5:
+            case CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_4:
+            case CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_3:
+            case CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_2: {
+                ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_2::ICameraDevice> device3_x;
+                ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+                Return<void> ret;
+                ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x(
+                        name, [&](auto status, const auto& device) {
+                            ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x returns status:%d", (int)status);
+                            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                            ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+                            device3_x = device;
+                        });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+                ret = device3_x->getCameraCharacteristics([&](auto status, const auto& chars) {
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                    const camera_metadata_t* metadata = (camera_metadata_t*)chars.data();
+
+                    // Skip if this is not a color camera.
+                    if (!CameraHidlTest::isColorCamera(metadata)) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    // Check camera facing. Skip if facing is neither FRONT
+                    // nor BACK. If this is not a logical camera, only note down
+                    // the camera ID, and skip.
+                    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+                    int retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+                            metadata, ANDROID_LENS_FACING, &entry);
+                    ASSERT_EQ(retcode, 0);
+                    ASSERT_GT(entry.count, 0);
+                    uint8_t facing = entry.data.u8[0];
+                    bool isLogicalCamera = (isLogicalMultiCamera(metadata) == Status::OK);
+                    if (facing == ANDROID_LENS_FACING_FRONT) {
+                        if (!isLogicalCamera) {
+                            frontColorCameras.insert(cameraId);
+                            return;
+                        }
+                    } else if (facing == ANDROID_LENS_FACING_BACK) {
+                        if (!isLogicalCamera) {
+                            rearColorCameras.insert(cameraId);
+                            return;
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        // Not FRONT or BACK facing. Skip.
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    // Check logical camera's physical camera IDs for color
+                    // cameras.
+                    std::unordered_set<std::string> physicalCameraIds;
+                    Status s = getPhysicalCameraIds(metadata, &physicalCameraIds);
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, s);
+                    if (facing == ANDROID_LENS_FACING_FRONT) {
+                        frontPhysicalIds.emplace(physicalCameraIds.begin(), physicalCameraIds.end());
+                    } else {
+                        rearPhysicalIds.emplace(physicalCameraIds.begin(), physicalCameraIds.end());
+                    }
+                    for (const auto& physicalId : physicalCameraIds) {
+                        // Skip if the physicalId is publicly available
+                        for (auto& deviceName : cameraDeviceNames) {
+                            std::string publicVersion, publicId;
+                            ASSERT_TRUE(::matchDeviceName(deviceName, mProviderType,
+                                                          &publicVersion, &publicId));
+                            if (physicalId == publicId) {
+                                // Skip because public Ids will be iterated in outer loop.
+                                return;
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        auto castResult = device::V3_5::ICameraDevice::castFrom(device3_x);
+                        ASSERT_TRUE(castResult.isOk());
+                        ::android::sp<::android::hardware::camera::device::V3_5::ICameraDevice>
+                                device3_5 = castResult;
+                        ASSERT_NE(device3_5, nullptr);
+
+                        // Check camera characteristics for hidden camera id
+                        Return<void> ret = device3_5->getPhysicalCameraCharacteristics(
+                                physicalId, [&](auto status, const auto& chars) {
+                            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                            const camera_metadata_t* physicalMetadata =
+                                    (camera_metadata_t*)chars.data();
+
+                            if (CameraHidlTest::isColorCamera(physicalMetadata)) {
+                                if (facing == ANDROID_LENS_FACING_FRONT) {
+                                    frontColorCameras.insert(physicalId);
+                                } else if (facing == ANDROID_LENS_FACING_BACK) {
+                                    rearColorCameras.insert(physicalId);
+                                }
+                            }
+                        });
+                        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                    }
+                });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            } break;
+            case CAMERA_DEVICE_API_VERSION_1_0: {
+                // Not applicable
+            } break;
+            default: {
+                ALOGE("%s: Unsupported device version %d", __func__, deviceVersion);
+                ADD_FAILURE();
+            } break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // If there are more than one color cameras facing one direction, a logical
+    // multi-camera must be defined consisting of all color cameras facing that
+    // direction.
+    if (frontColorCameras.size() > 1) {
+        bool hasFrontLogical = false;
+        for (const auto& physicalIds : frontPhysicalIds) {
+            if (std::includes(physicalIds.begin(), physicalIds.end(),
+                    frontColorCameras.begin(), frontColorCameras.end())) {
+                hasFrontLogical = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        ASSERT_TRUE(hasFrontLogical);
+    }
+    if (rearColorCameras.size() > 1) {
+        bool hasRearLogical = false;
+        for (const auto& physicalIds : rearPhysicalIds) {
+            if (std::includes(physicalIds.begin(), physicalIds.end(),
+                    rearColorCameras.begin(), rearColorCameras.end())) {
+                hasRearLogical = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        ASSERT_TRUE(hasRearLogical);
+    }
+}
+
 // Retrieve all valid output stream resolutions from the camera
 // static characteristics.
 Status CameraHidlTest::getAvailableOutputStreams(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
@@ -6651,6 +6818,23 @@
     return ret;
 }
 
+bool CameraHidlTest::isColorCamera(const camera_metadata_t *metadata) {
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        bool isBackwardCompatible = (std::find(entry.data.u8, entry.data.u8 + entry.count,
+                ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_BACKWARD_COMPATIBLE) !=
+                entry.data.u8 + entry.count);
+        bool isMonochrome = (std::find(entry.data.u8, entry.data.u8 + entry.count,
+                ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_MONOCHROME) !=
+                entry.data.u8 + entry.count);
+        bool isColor = isBackwardCompatible && !isMonochrome;
+        return isColor;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
 // Retrieve the reprocess input-output format map from the static
 // camera characteristics.
 Status CameraHidlTest::getZSLInputOutputMap(camera_metadata_t *staticMeta,