diff --git a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/OWNERS b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/OWNERS
index b8f6b04..eb4f0e4 100644
--- a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/OWNERS
+++ b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/OWNERS
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# Bug component: 41727
+
 # Camera team
 include platform/frameworks/av:/camera/OWNERS
 
diff --git a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 0e62265..17fbdfe 100644
--- a/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/camera/provider/2.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -65,5 +65,9 @@
         "libhidlmemory",
         "libgralloctypes",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts",
+    ],
+
 }
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/Android.bp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..727ef03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+package {
+    // See: http://go/android-license-faq
+    // A large-scale-change added 'default_applicable_licenses' to import
+    // all of the 'license_kinds' from "hardware_interfaces_license"
+    // to get the below license kinds:
+    //   SPDX-license-identifier-Apache-2.0
+    default_applicable_licenses: ["hardware_interfaces_license"],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest",
+    defaults: [
+        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
+        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "camera_aidl_test.cpp",
+        "device_cb.cpp",
+        "empty_device_cb.cpp",
+        "simple_device_cb.cpp",
+        "torch_provider_cb.cpp",
+        "VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.cpp",
+    ],
+
+    // TODO(b/64437680): Assume these are always available on the device.
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "libcamera_metadata",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libfmq",
+        "libgui",
+        "libui",
+        "libbase",
+        "android.hardware.common-V2-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.common.fmq-V1-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@4.0",
+    ],
+
+    // Statically link to libs not guaranteed to be present on the device.
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.camera.common@1.0-helper",
+        "android.hardware.camera.common-V1-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.camera.device-V1-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.camera.metadata-V1-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.camera.provider-V1-ndk",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common-V3-ndk",
+        "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
+        "libgrallocusage",
+        "libhidlmemory",
+        "libgralloctypes",
+        "libaidlcommonsupport",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/AndroidTest.xml b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..226121d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="1800000"/> <!-- 30 min -->
+    </test>
+</configuration>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/OWNERS b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27d370b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Camera team
+include platform/frameworks/av:/camera/OWNERS
+
+# VTS team
+yim@google.com
+zhuoyao@google.com
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.cpp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3da89e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/VtsAidlHalCameraProvider_TargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,3010 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/common/VendorTagSection.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/ICameraDevice.h>
+#include <aidlcommonsupport/NativeHandle.h>
+#include <camera_aidl_test.h>
+#include <cutils/properties.h>
+#include <device_cb.h>
+#include <empty_device_cb.h>
+#include <grallocusage/GrallocUsageConversion.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hardware/gralloc.h>
+#include <hardware/gralloc1.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <torch_provider_cb.h>
+#include <list>
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::CameraDeviceStatus;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::CameraResourceCost;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::TorchModeStatus;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::VendorTagSection;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::ICameraDevice;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::SensorPixelMode;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::provider::CameraIdAndStreamCombination;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::provider::ICameraProviderCallbackDefault;
+
+using ::ndk::ScopedAStatus;
+
+namespace {
+const int32_t kBurstFrameCount = 10;
+const uint32_t kMaxStillWidth = 2048;
+const uint32_t kMaxStillHeight = 1536;
+
+const int64_t kEmptyFlushTimeoutMSec = 200;
+
+const static std::vector<int32_t> kMandatoryUseCases = {
+        ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT,
+        ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW,
+        ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_STILL_CAPTURE,
+        ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_RECORD,
+        ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW_VIDEO_STILL,
+        ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL};
+}  // namespace
+
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, getCameraIdList) {
+    std::vector<std::string> idList;
+    ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->getCameraIdList(&idList);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < idList.size(); i++) {
+        ALOGI("Camera Id[%zu] is %s", i, idList[i].c_str());
+    }
+}
+
+// Test if ICameraProvider::getVendorTags returns Status::OK
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, getVendorTags) {
+    std::vector<VendorTagSection> vendorTags;
+    ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->getVendorTags(&vendorTags);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < vendorTags.size(); i++) {
+        ALOGI("Vendor tag section %zu name %s", i, vendorTags[i].sectionName.c_str());
+        for (auto& tag : vendorTags[i].tags) {
+            ALOGI("Vendor tag id %u name %s type %d", tag.tagId, tag.tagName.c_str(),
+                  (int)tag.tagType);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Test if ICameraProvider::setCallback returns Status::OK
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, setCallback) {
+    struct ProviderCb : public ICameraProviderCallbackDefault {
+        ScopedAStatus cameraDeviceStatusChange(const std::string& cameraDeviceName,
+                                               CameraDeviceStatus newStatus) override {
+            ALOGI("camera device status callback name %s, status %d", cameraDeviceName.c_str(),
+                  (int)newStatus);
+            return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+        }
+        ScopedAStatus torchModeStatusChange(const std::string& cameraDeviceName,
+                                            TorchModeStatus newStatus) override {
+            ALOGI("Torch mode status callback name %s, status %d", cameraDeviceName.c_str(),
+                  (int)newStatus);
+            return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+        }
+        ScopedAStatus physicalCameraDeviceStatusChange(const std::string& cameraDeviceName,
+                                                       const std::string& physicalCameraDeviceName,
+                                                       CameraDeviceStatus newStatus) override {
+            ALOGI("physical camera device status callback name %s, physical camera name %s,"
+                  " status %d",
+                  cameraDeviceName.c_str(), physicalCameraDeviceName.c_str(), (int)newStatus);
+            return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+        }
+    };
+
+    std::shared_ptr<ProviderCb> cb = ProviderCb::make<ProviderCb>();
+    ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->setCallback(cb);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ret = mProvider->setCallback(nullptr);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+}
+
+// Test if ICameraProvider::getCameraDeviceInterface returns Status::OK and non-null device
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, getCameraDeviceInterface) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> cameraDevice;
+        ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &cameraDevice);
+        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns: %d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+              ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(cameraDevice, nullptr);
+    }
+}
+
+// Verify that the device resource cost can be retrieved and the values are
+// correct.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, getResourceCost) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+
+    for (const auto& deviceName : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> cameraDevice;
+        ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface(deviceName, &cameraDevice);
+        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns: %d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+              ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(cameraDevice, nullptr);
+
+        CameraResourceCost resourceCost;
+        ret = cameraDevice->getResourceCost(&resourceCost);
+        ALOGI("getResourceCost returns: %d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+              ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        ALOGI("    Resource cost is %d", resourceCost.resourceCost);
+        ASSERT_LE(resourceCost.resourceCost, 100u);
+
+        for (const auto& name : resourceCost.conflictingDevices) {
+            ALOGI("    Conflicting device: %s", name.c_str());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, systemCameraTest) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::map<std::string, std::vector<SystemCameraKind>> hiddenPhysicalIdToLogicalMap;
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+        ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &device);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+
+        CameraMetadata cameraCharacteristics;
+        ret = device->getCameraCharacteristics(&cameraCharacteristics);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta =
+                reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(cameraCharacteristics.metadata.data());
+        Status rc = isLogicalMultiCamera(staticMeta);
+        if (rc == Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(rc, Status::OK);
+        std::unordered_set<std::string> physicalIds;
+        ASSERT_EQ(getPhysicalCameraIds(staticMeta, &physicalIds), Status::OK);
+        SystemCameraKind systemCameraKind = SystemCameraKind::PUBLIC;
+        Status retStatus = getSystemCameraKind(staticMeta, &systemCameraKind);
+        ASSERT_EQ(retStatus, Status::OK);
+
+        for (auto physicalId : physicalIds) {
+            bool isPublicId = false;
+            for (auto& deviceName : cameraDeviceNames) {
+                std::string publicVersion, publicId;
+                ASSERT_TRUE(matchDeviceName(deviceName, mProviderType, &publicVersion, &publicId));
+                if (physicalId == publicId) {
+                    isPublicId = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            // For hidden physical cameras, collect their associated logical cameras
+            // and store the system camera kind.
+            if (!isPublicId) {
+                auto it = hiddenPhysicalIdToLogicalMap.find(physicalId);
+                if (it == hiddenPhysicalIdToLogicalMap.end()) {
+                    hiddenPhysicalIdToLogicalMap.insert(std::make_pair(
+                            physicalId, std::vector<SystemCameraKind>(systemCameraKind)));
+                } else {
+                    it->second.push_back(systemCameraKind);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Check that the system camera kind of the logical cameras associated with
+    // each hidden physical camera is the same.
+    for (const auto& it : hiddenPhysicalIdToLogicalMap) {
+        SystemCameraKind neededSystemCameraKind = it.second.front();
+        for (auto foundSystemCamera : it.second) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(neededSystemCameraKind, foundSystemCamera);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Verify that the static camera characteristics can be retrieved
+// successfully.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, getCameraCharacteristics) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+        ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &device);
+        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns: %d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+              ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+
+        CameraMetadata chars;
+        ret = device->getCameraCharacteristics(&chars);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        verifyCameraCharacteristics(chars);
+        verifyMonochromeCharacteristics(chars);
+        verifyRecommendedConfigs(chars);
+        verifyLogicalOrUltraHighResCameraMetadata(name, device, chars, cameraDeviceNames);
+
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        // getPhysicalCameraCharacteristics will fail for publicly
+        // advertised camera IDs.
+        std::string version, cameraId;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(matchDeviceName(name, mProviderType, &version, &cameraId));
+        CameraMetadata devChars;
+        ret = device->getPhysicalCameraCharacteristics(cameraId, &devChars);
+        ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT), ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, devChars.metadata.size());
+    }
+}
+
+// Verify that the torch strength level can be set and retrieved successfully.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, turnOnTorchWithStrengthLevel) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+
+    std::shared_ptr<TorchProviderCb> cb = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<TorchProviderCb>(this);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->setCallback(cb);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        int32_t defaultLevel;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+        ALOGI("%s: Testing camera device %s", __FUNCTION__, name.c_str());
+
+        ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &device);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+
+        CameraMetadata chars;
+        ret = device->getCameraCharacteristics(&chars);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta =
+                reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(chars.metadata.data());
+        bool torchStrengthControlSupported = isTorchStrengthControlSupported(staticMeta);
+        camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+        int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta,
+                                               ANDROID_FLASH_INFO_STRENGTH_DEFAULT_LEVEL, &entry);
+        if (torchStrengthControlSupported) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(rc, 0);
+            ASSERT_GT(entry.count, 0);
+            defaultLevel = *entry.data.i32;
+            ALOGI("Default level is:%d", defaultLevel);
+        }
+
+        mTorchStatus = TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE;
+        ret = device->turnOnTorchWithStrengthLevel(2);
+        ALOGI("turnOnTorchWithStrengthLevel returns status: %d", ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        // OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED check
+        if (!torchStrengthControlSupported) {
+            ALOGI("Torch strength control not supported.");
+            ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+                      ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        } else {
+            {
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mTorchLock);
+                while (TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE == mTorchStatus) {
+                    auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                   std::chrono::seconds(kTorchTimeoutSec);
+                    ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mTorchCond.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                }
+                ASSERT_EQ(TorchModeStatus::AVAILABLE_ON, mTorchStatus);
+                mTorchStatus = TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE;
+            }
+            ALOGI("getTorchStrengthLevel: Testing");
+            int32_t strengthLevel;
+            ret = device->getTorchStrengthLevel(&strengthLevel);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            ALOGI("Torch strength level is : %d", strengthLevel);
+            ASSERT_EQ(strengthLevel, 2);
+
+            // Turn OFF the torch and verify torch strength level is reset to default level.
+            ALOGI("Testing torch strength level reset after turning the torch OFF.");
+            ret = device->setTorchMode(false);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            {
+                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mTorchLock);
+                while (TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE == mTorchStatus) {
+                    auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                   std::chrono::seconds(kTorchTimeoutSec);
+                    ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mTorchCond.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                }
+                ASSERT_EQ(TorchModeStatus::AVAILABLE_OFF, mTorchStatus);
+            }
+
+            ret = device->getTorchStrengthLevel(&strengthLevel);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            ALOGI("Torch strength level after turning OFF torch is : %d", strengthLevel);
+            ASSERT_EQ(strengthLevel, defaultLevel);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// In case it is supported verify that torch can be enabled.
+// Check for corresponding torch callbacks as well.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, setTorchMode) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+
+    std::shared_ptr<TorchProviderCb> cb = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<TorchProviderCb>(this);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->setCallback(cb);
+    ALOGI("setCallback returns status: %d", ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(cb, nullptr);
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+        ALOGI("setTorchMode: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+        ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &device);
+        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+              ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+
+        CameraMetadata metadata;
+        ret = device->getCameraCharacteristics(&metadata);
+        ALOGI("getCameraCharacteristics returns status:%d", ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMeta =
+                reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(metadata.metadata.data());
+        bool torchSupported = isTorchSupported(staticMeta);
+
+        mTorchStatus = TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE;
+        ret = device->setTorchMode(true);
+        ALOGI("setTorchMode returns status: %d", ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        if (!torchSupported) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED),
+                      ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        } else {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            {
+                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mTorchLock);
+                while (TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE == mTorchStatus) {
+                    auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                   std::chrono::seconds(kTorchTimeoutSec);
+                    ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mTorchCond.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                }
+                ASSERT_EQ(TorchModeStatus::AVAILABLE_ON, mTorchStatus);
+                mTorchStatus = TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE;
+            }
+
+            ret = device->setTorchMode(false);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            {
+                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mTorchLock);
+                while (TorchModeStatus::NOT_AVAILABLE == mTorchStatus) {
+                    auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                   std::chrono::seconds(kTorchTimeoutSec);
+                    ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mTorchCond.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                }
+                ASSERT_EQ(TorchModeStatus::AVAILABLE_OFF, mTorchStatus);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    ret = mProvider->setCallback(nullptr);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+}
+
+// Check dump functionality.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, dump) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+        ALOGI("dump: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &device);
+        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+              ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+
+        int raw_handle = open(kDumpOutput, O_RDWR);
+        ASSERT_GE(raw_handle, 0);
+
+        auto retStatus = device->dump(raw_handle, nullptr, 0);
+        ASSERT_EQ(retStatus, ::android::OK);
+        close(raw_handle);
+    }
+}
+
+// Open, dump, then close
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, openClose) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+        ALOGI("openClose: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &device);
+        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+              ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+
+        std::shared_ptr<EmptyDeviceCb> cb = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<EmptyDeviceCb>();
+
+        ret = device->open(cb, &mSession);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ALOGI("device::open returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+              ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_NE(mSession, nullptr);
+        int raw_handle = open(kDumpOutput, O_RDWR);
+        ASSERT_GE(raw_handle, 0);
+
+        auto retStatus = device->dump(raw_handle, nullptr, 0);
+        ASSERT_EQ(retStatus, ::android::OK);
+        close(raw_handle);
+
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        // TODO: test all session API calls return INTERNAL_ERROR after close
+        // TODO: keep a wp copy here and verify session cannot be promoted out of this scope
+    }
+}
+
+// Check whether all common default request settings can be successfully
+// constructed.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, constructDefaultRequestSettings) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+        ALOGI("constructDefaultRequestSettings: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &device);
+        ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+              ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+
+        std::shared_ptr<EmptyDeviceCb> cb = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<EmptyDeviceCb>();
+        ret = device->open(cb, &mSession);
+        ALOGI("device::open returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+              ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(mSession, nullptr);
+
+        for (int32_t t = (int32_t)RequestTemplate::PREVIEW; t <= (int32_t)RequestTemplate::MANUAL;
+             t++) {
+            RequestTemplate reqTemplate = (RequestTemplate)t;
+            CameraMetadata rawMetadata;
+            ret = mSession->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate, &rawMetadata);
+            ALOGI("constructDefaultRequestSettings returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+                  ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            if (reqTemplate == RequestTemplate::ZERO_SHUTTER_LAG ||
+                reqTemplate == RequestTemplate::MANUAL) {
+                // optional templates
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk() || static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT) ==
+                                                  ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+            } else {
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
+
+            if (ret.isOk()) {
+                const camera_metadata_t* metadata = (camera_metadata_t*)rawMetadata.metadata.data();
+                size_t expectedSize = rawMetadata.metadata.size();
+                int result = validate_camera_metadata_structure(metadata, &expectedSize);
+                ASSERT_TRUE((result == 0) || (result == CAMERA_METADATA_VALIDATION_SHIFTED));
+                verifyRequestTemplate(metadata, reqTemplate);
+            } else {
+                ASSERT_EQ(0u, rawMetadata.metadata.size());
+            }
+        }
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Verify that all supported stream formats and sizes can be configured
+// successfully.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, configureStreamsAvailableOutputs) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata meta;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+
+        openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession /*out*/, &meta /*out*/, &device /*out*/);
+
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMeta = reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data());
+        outputStreams.clear();
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputStreams));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, outputStreams.size());
+
+        int32_t jpegBufferSize = 0;
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getJpegBufferSize(staticMeta, &jpegBufferSize));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, jpegBufferSize);
+
+        int32_t streamId = 0;
+        int32_t streamConfigCounter = 0;
+        for (auto& it : outputStreams) {
+            Stream stream;
+            Dataspace dataspace = getDataspace(static_cast<PixelFormat>(it.format));
+            stream.id = streamId;
+            stream.streamType = StreamType::OUTPUT;
+            stream.width = it.width;
+            stream.height = it.height;
+            stream.format = static_cast<PixelFormat>(it.format);
+            stream.dataSpace = dataspace;
+            stream.usage = static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                    GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER);
+            stream.rotation = StreamRotation::ROTATION_0;
+
+            std::vector<Stream> streams = {stream};
+            StreamConfiguration config;
+            createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                      jpegBufferSize);
+
+            bool expectStreamCombQuery = (isLogicalMultiCamera(staticMeta) == Status::OK);
+            verifyStreamCombination(device, config, /*expectedStatus*/ true, expectStreamCombQuery);
+
+            config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+            std::vector<HalStream> halConfigs;
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            ASSERT_EQ(halConfigs.size(), 1);
+            ASSERT_EQ(halConfigs[0].id, streamId);
+
+            streamId++;
+        }
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Verify that mandatory concurrent streams and outputs are supported.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, configureConcurrentStreamsAvailableOutputs) {
+    struct CameraTestInfo {
+        CameraMetadata staticMeta;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> cameraDevice;
+        StreamConfiguration config;
+    };
+
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> idToNameMap = getCameraDeviceIdToNameMap(mProvider);
+    std::vector<ConcurrentCameraIdCombination> concurrentDeviceCombinations =
+            getConcurrentDeviceCombinations(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+    for (const auto& cameraDeviceIds : concurrentDeviceCombinations) {
+        std::vector<CameraIdAndStreamCombination> cameraIdsAndStreamCombinations;
+        std::vector<CameraTestInfo> cameraTestInfos;
+        size_t i = 0;
+        for (const auto& id : cameraDeviceIds.combination) {
+            CameraTestInfo cti;
+            auto it = idToNameMap.find(id);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(idToNameMap.end() != it);
+            std::string name = it->second;
+
+            openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &cti.session /*out*/, &cti.staticMeta /*out*/,
+                                   &cti.cameraDevice /*out*/);
+
+            outputStreams.clear();
+            camera_metadata_t* staticMeta =
+                    reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(cti.staticMeta.metadata.data());
+            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getMandatoryConcurrentStreams(staticMeta, &outputStreams));
+            ASSERT_NE(0u, outputStreams.size());
+
+            int32_t jpegBufferSize = 0;
+            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getJpegBufferSize(staticMeta, &jpegBufferSize));
+            ASSERT_NE(0u, jpegBufferSize);
+
+            int32_t streamId = 0;
+            std::vector<Stream> streams(outputStreams.size());
+            size_t j = 0;
+            for (const auto& s : outputStreams) {
+                Stream stream;
+                Dataspace dataspace = getDataspace(static_cast<PixelFormat>(s.format));
+                stream.id = streamId++;
+                stream.streamType = StreamType::OUTPUT;
+                stream.width = s.width;
+                stream.height = s.height;
+                stream.format = static_cast<PixelFormat>(s.format);
+                stream.usage = static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                        GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER);
+                stream.dataSpace = dataspace;
+                stream.rotation = StreamRotation::ROTATION_0;
+                stream.sensorPixelModesUsed = {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT};
+                streams[j] = stream;
+                j++;
+            }
+
+            // Add the created stream configs to cameraIdsAndStreamCombinations
+            createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &cti.config,
+                                      jpegBufferSize);
+
+            cti.config.streamConfigCounter = outputStreams.size();
+            CameraIdAndStreamCombination cameraIdAndStreamCombination;
+            cameraIdAndStreamCombination.cameraId = id;
+            cameraIdAndStreamCombination.streamConfiguration = cti.config;
+            cameraIdsAndStreamCombinations.push_back(cameraIdAndStreamCombination);
+            i++;
+            cameraTestInfos.push_back(cti);
+        }
+        // Now verify that concurrent streams are supported
+        bool combinationSupported;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->isConcurrentStreamCombinationSupported(
+                cameraIdsAndStreamCombinations, &combinationSupported);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(combinationSupported, true);
+
+        // Test the stream can actually be configured
+        for (auto& cti : cameraTestInfos) {
+            if (cti.session != nullptr) {
+                camera_metadata_t* staticMeta =
+                        reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(cti.staticMeta.metadata.data());
+                bool expectStreamCombQuery = (isLogicalMultiCamera(staticMeta) == Status::OK);
+                verifyStreamCombination(cti.cameraDevice, cti.config, /*expectedStatus*/ true,
+                                        expectStreamCombQuery);
+            }
+
+            if (cti.session != nullptr) {
+                std::vector<HalStream> streamConfigs;
+                ret = cti.session->configureStreams(cti.config, &streamConfigs);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(cti.config.streams.size(), streamConfigs.size());
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (auto& cti : cameraTestInfos) {
+            ret = cti.session->close();
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Check for correct handling of invalid/incorrect configuration parameters.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, configureStreamsInvalidOutputs) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata meta;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> cameraDevice;
+
+        openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession /*out*/, &meta /*out*/,
+                               &cameraDevice /*out*/);
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMeta = reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data());
+        outputStreams.clear();
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputStreams));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, outputStreams.size());
+
+        int32_t jpegBufferSize = 0;
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getJpegBufferSize(staticMeta, &jpegBufferSize));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, jpegBufferSize);
+
+        int32_t streamId = 0;
+        Stream stream = {streamId++,
+                         StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                         static_cast<uint32_t>(0),
+                         static_cast<uint32_t>(0),
+                         static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputStreams[0].format),
+                         static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                 GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                         Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                         StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                         std::string(),
+                         jpegBufferSize,
+                         -1,
+                         {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+        int32_t streamConfigCounter = 0;
+        std::vector<Stream> streams = {stream};
+        StreamConfiguration config;
+        createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                  jpegBufferSize);
+
+        verifyStreamCombination(cameraDevice, config, /*expectedStatus*/ false,
+                                /*expectStreamCombQuery*/ false);
+
+        config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+        std::vector<HalStream> halConfigs;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT) ==
+                            ret.getServiceSpecificError() ||
+                    static_cast<int32_t>(Status::INTERNAL_ERROR) == ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+        stream = {streamId++,
+                  StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                  /*width*/ INT32_MAX,
+                  /*height*/ INT32_MAX,
+                  static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputStreams[0].format),
+                  static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                          GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                  Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                  StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                  std::string(),
+                  jpegBufferSize,
+                  -1,
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+
+        streams[0] = stream;
+        createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                  jpegBufferSize);
+
+        config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+        halConfigs.clear();
+        ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+        ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT), ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+        for (auto& it : outputStreams) {
+            stream = {streamId++,
+                      StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                      it.width,
+                      it.height,
+                      static_cast<PixelFormat>(UINT32_MAX),
+                      static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                              GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                      Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                      StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                      std::string(),
+                      jpegBufferSize,
+                      -1,
+                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+
+            streams[0] = stream;
+            createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                      jpegBufferSize);
+            config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+            halConfigs.clear();
+            ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+            ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT),
+                      ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+            stream = {streamId++,
+                      StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                      it.width,
+                      it.height,
+                      static_cast<PixelFormat>(it.format),
+                      static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                              GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                      Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                      static_cast<StreamRotation>(UINT32_MAX),
+                      std::string(),
+                      jpegBufferSize,
+                      -1,
+                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+
+            streams[0] = stream;
+            createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                      jpegBufferSize);
+
+            config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+            halConfigs.clear();
+            ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+            ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT),
+                      ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        }
+
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Check whether all supported ZSL output stream combinations can be
+// configured successfully.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, configureStreamsZSLInputOutputs) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> inputStreams;
+    std::vector<AvailableZSLInputOutput> inputOutputMap;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata meta;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> cameraDevice;
+
+        openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession /*out*/, &meta /*out*/,
+                               &cameraDevice /*out*/);
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMeta = reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data());
+
+        Status rc = isZSLModeAvailable(staticMeta);
+        if (Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED == rc) {
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+
+        inputStreams.clear();
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, inputStreams));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, inputStreams.size());
+
+        inputOutputMap.clear();
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getZSLInputOutputMap(staticMeta, inputOutputMap));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, inputOutputMap.size());
+
+        bool supportMonoY8 = false;
+        if (Status::OK == isMonochromeCamera(staticMeta)) {
+            for (auto& it : inputStreams) {
+                if (it.format == static_cast<uint32_t>(PixelFormat::Y8)) {
+                    supportMonoY8 = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        int32_t jpegBufferSize = 0;
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getJpegBufferSize(staticMeta, &jpegBufferSize));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, jpegBufferSize);
+
+        int32_t streamId = 0;
+        bool hasPrivToY8 = false, hasY8ToY8 = false, hasY8ToBlob = false;
+        uint32_t streamConfigCounter = 0;
+        for (auto& inputIter : inputOutputMap) {
+            AvailableStream input;
+            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, findLargestSize(inputStreams, inputIter.inputFormat, input));
+            ASSERT_NE(0u, inputStreams.size());
+
+            if (inputIter.inputFormat ==
+                        static_cast<uint32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED) &&
+                inputIter.outputFormat == static_cast<uint32_t>(PixelFormat::Y8)) {
+                hasPrivToY8 = true;
+            } else if (inputIter.inputFormat == static_cast<uint32_t>(PixelFormat::Y8)) {
+                if (inputIter.outputFormat == static_cast<uint32_t>(PixelFormat::BLOB)) {
+                    hasY8ToBlob = true;
+                } else if (inputIter.outputFormat == static_cast<uint32_t>(PixelFormat::Y8)) {
+                    hasY8ToY8 = true;
+                }
+            }
+            AvailableStream outputThreshold = {INT32_MAX, INT32_MAX, inputIter.outputFormat};
+            std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+            ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK,
+                      getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputStreams, &outputThreshold));
+            for (auto& outputIter : outputStreams) {
+                Dataspace outputDataSpace =
+                        getDataspace(static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputIter.format));
+                Stream zslStream = {
+                        streamId++,
+                        StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                        input.width,
+                        input.height,
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat>(input.format),
+                        static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_CAMERA_ZSL),
+                        Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                        StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                        std::string(),
+                        jpegBufferSize,
+                        -1,
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                Stream inputStream = {
+                        streamId++,
+                        StreamType::INPUT,
+                        input.width,
+                        input.height,
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat>(input.format),
+                        static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(0),
+                        Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                        StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                        std::string(),
+                        jpegBufferSize,
+                        -1,
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                Stream outputStream = {
+                        streamId++,
+                        StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                        outputIter.width,
+                        outputIter.height,
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputIter.format),
+                        static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                        outputDataSpace,
+                        StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                        std::string(),
+                        jpegBufferSize,
+                        -1,
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+
+                std::vector<Stream> streams = {inputStream, zslStream, outputStream};
+
+                StreamConfiguration config;
+                createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                          jpegBufferSize);
+
+                verifyStreamCombination(cameraDevice, config, /*expectedStatus*/ true,
+                                        /*expectStreamCombQuery*/ false);
+
+                config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+                std::vector<HalStream> halConfigs;
+                ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(3u, halConfigs.size());
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (supportMonoY8) {
+            if (Status::OK == isZSLModeAvailable(staticMeta, PRIV_REPROCESS)) {
+                ASSERT_TRUE(hasPrivToY8);
+            }
+            if (Status::OK == isZSLModeAvailable(staticMeta, YUV_REPROCESS)) {
+                ASSERT_TRUE(hasY8ToY8);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(hasY8ToBlob);
+            }
+        }
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Check whether session parameters are supported. If Hal support for them
+// exist, then try to configure a preview stream using them.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, configureStreamsWithSessionParameters) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                        static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata meta;
+
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> unusedCameraDevice;
+        openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession /*out*/, &meta /*out*/,
+                               &unusedCameraDevice /*out*/);
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMetaBuffer =
+                reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data());
+
+        std::unordered_set<int32_t> availableSessionKeys;
+        auto rc = getSupportedKeys(staticMetaBuffer, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_SESSION_KEYS,
+                                   &availableSessionKeys);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(Status::OK == rc);
+        if (availableSessionKeys.empty()) {
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata previewRequestSettings;
+        android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata sessionParams,
+                modifiedSessionParams;
+        constructFilteredSettings(mSession, availableSessionKeys, RequestTemplate::PREVIEW,
+                                  &previewRequestSettings, &sessionParams);
+        if (sessionParams.isEmpty()) {
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        outputPreviewStreams.clear();
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMetaBuffer, outputPreviewStreams,
+                                                        &previewThreshold));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, outputPreviewStreams.size());
+
+        Stream previewStream = {0,
+                                StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                                outputPreviewStreams[0].width,
+                                outputPreviewStreams[0].height,
+                                static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputPreviewStreams[0].format),
+                                static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                        GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                                Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                                StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                                std::string(),
+                                /*bufferSize*/ 0,
+                                /*groupId*/ -1,
+                                {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+
+        std::vector<Stream> streams = {previewStream};
+        StreamConfiguration config;
+
+        config.streams = streams;
+        config.operationMode = StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE;
+        modifiedSessionParams = sessionParams;
+        auto sessionParamsBuffer = sessionParams.release();
+        std::vector<uint8_t> rawSessionParam =
+                std::vector(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(sessionParamsBuffer),
+                            reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(sessionParamsBuffer) +
+                                    get_camera_metadata_size(sessionParamsBuffer));
+
+        config.sessionParams.metadata = rawSessionParam;
+        config.streamConfigCounter = 0;
+        config.streams = {previewStream};
+        config.streamConfigCounter = 0;
+        config.multiResolutionInputImage = false;
+
+        bool newSessionParamsAvailable = false;
+        for (const auto& it : availableSessionKeys) {
+            if (modifiedSessionParams.exists(it)) {
+                modifiedSessionParams.erase(it);
+                newSessionParamsAvailable = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (newSessionParamsAvailable) {
+            auto modifiedSessionParamsBuffer = modifiedSessionParams.release();
+            verifySessionReconfigurationQuery(mSession, sessionParamsBuffer,
+                                              modifiedSessionParamsBuffer);
+            modifiedSessionParams.acquire(modifiedSessionParamsBuffer);
+        }
+
+        std::vector<HalStream> halConfigs;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(1u, halConfigs.size());
+
+        sessionParams.acquire(sessionParamsBuffer);
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Verify that all supported preview + still capture stream combinations
+// can be configured successfully.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, configureStreamsPreviewStillOutputs) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputBlobStreams;
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                        static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+    AvailableStream blobThreshold = {INT32_MAX, INT32_MAX, static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::BLOB)};
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata meta;
+
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> cameraDevice;
+        openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession /*out*/, &meta /*out*/,
+                               &cameraDevice /*out*/);
+
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMeta = reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data());
+
+        // Check if camera support depth only
+        if (isDepthOnly(staticMeta)) {
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        outputBlobStreams.clear();
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK,
+                  getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputBlobStreams, &blobThreshold));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, outputBlobStreams.size());
+
+        outputPreviewStreams.clear();
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK,
+                  getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputPreviewStreams, &previewThreshold));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, outputPreviewStreams.size());
+
+        int32_t jpegBufferSize = 0;
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getJpegBufferSize(staticMeta, &jpegBufferSize));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, jpegBufferSize);
+
+        int32_t streamId = 0;
+        uint32_t streamConfigCounter = 0;
+
+        for (auto& blobIter : outputBlobStreams) {
+            for (auto& previewIter : outputPreviewStreams) {
+                Stream previewStream = {
+                        streamId++,
+                        StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                        previewIter.width,
+                        previewIter.height,
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat>(previewIter.format),
+                        static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                        Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                        StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                        std::string(),
+                        /*bufferSize*/ 0,
+                        /*groupId*/ -1,
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                Stream blobStream = {
+                        streamId++,
+                        StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                        blobIter.width,
+                        blobIter.height,
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat>(blobIter.format),
+                        static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_CPU_READ),
+                        Dataspace::JFIF,
+                        StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                        std::string(),
+                        /*bufferSize*/ 0,
+                        /*groupId*/ -1,
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                std::vector<Stream> streams = {previewStream, blobStream};
+                StreamConfiguration config;
+
+                createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                          jpegBufferSize);
+                config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+                verifyStreamCombination(cameraDevice, config, /*expectedStatus*/ true,
+                                        /*expectStreamCombQuery*/ false);
+
+                std::vector<HalStream> halConfigs;
+                ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(2u, halConfigs.size());
+            }
+        }
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// In case constrained mode is supported, test whether it can be
+// configured. Additionally check for common invalid inputs when
+// using this mode.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, configureStreamsConstrainedOutputs) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata meta;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> cameraDevice;
+
+        openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession /*out*/, &meta /*out*/,
+                               &cameraDevice /*out*/);
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMeta = reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data());
+
+        Status rc = isConstrainedModeAvailable(staticMeta);
+        if (Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED == rc) {
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+
+        AvailableStream hfrStream;
+        rc = pickConstrainedModeSize(staticMeta, hfrStream);
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+
+        int32_t streamId = 0;
+        uint32_t streamConfigCounter = 0;
+        Stream stream = {streamId,
+                         StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                         hfrStream.width,
+                         hfrStream.height,
+                         static_cast<PixelFormat>(hfrStream.format),
+                         static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                 GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_VIDEO_ENCODER),
+                         Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                         StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                         std::string(),
+                         /*bufferSize*/ 0,
+                         /*groupId*/ -1,
+                         {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+        std::vector<Stream> streams = {stream};
+        StreamConfiguration config;
+        createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE,
+                                  &config);
+
+        verifyStreamCombination(cameraDevice, config, /*expectedStatus*/ true,
+                                /*expectStreamCombQuery*/ false);
+
+        config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+        std::vector<HalStream> halConfigs;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(1u, halConfigs.size());
+        ASSERT_EQ(halConfigs[0].id, streamId);
+
+        stream = {streamId++,
+                  StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                  static_cast<uint32_t>(0),
+                  static_cast<uint32_t>(0),
+                  static_cast<PixelFormat>(hfrStream.format),
+                  static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                          GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_VIDEO_ENCODER),
+                  Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                  StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                  std::string(),
+                  /*bufferSize*/ 0,
+                  /*groupId*/ -1,
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+        streams[0] = stream;
+        createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE,
+                                  &config);
+
+        config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+        std::vector<HalStream> halConfig;
+        ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfig);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT) ==
+                            ret.getServiceSpecificError() ||
+                    static_cast<int32_t>(Status::INTERNAL_ERROR) == ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+        stream = {streamId++,
+                  StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                  INT32_MAX,
+                  INT32_MAX,
+                  static_cast<PixelFormat>(hfrStream.format),
+                  static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                          GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_VIDEO_ENCODER),
+                  Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                  StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                  std::string(),
+                  /*bufferSize*/ 0,
+                  /*groupId*/ -1,
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+        streams[0] = stream;
+        createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE,
+                                  &config);
+
+        config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+        halConfigs.clear();
+        ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+        ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT), ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+        stream = {streamId++,
+                  StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                  hfrStream.width,
+                  hfrStream.height,
+                  static_cast<PixelFormat>(UINT32_MAX),
+                  static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                          GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_VIDEO_ENCODER),
+                  Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                  StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                  std::string(),
+                  /*bufferSize*/ 0,
+                  /*groupId*/ -1,
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+        streams[0] = stream;
+        createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_MODE,
+                                  &config);
+
+        config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+        halConfigs.clear();
+        ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+        ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT), ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Verify that all supported video + snapshot stream combinations can
+// be configured successfully.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, configureStreamsVideoStillOutputs) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputBlobStreams;
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputVideoStreams;
+    AvailableStream videoThreshold = {kMaxVideoWidth, kMaxVideoHeight,
+                                      static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+    AvailableStream blobThreshold = {kMaxVideoWidth, kMaxVideoHeight,
+                                     static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::BLOB)};
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata meta;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> cameraDevice;
+
+        openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession /*out*/, &meta /*out*/,
+                               &cameraDevice /*out*/);
+
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMeta = reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data());
+
+        // Check if camera support depth only
+        if (isDepthOnly(staticMeta)) {
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        outputBlobStreams.clear();
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK,
+                  getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputBlobStreams, &blobThreshold));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, outputBlobStreams.size());
+
+        outputVideoStreams.clear();
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK,
+                  getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputVideoStreams, &videoThreshold));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, outputVideoStreams.size());
+
+        int32_t jpegBufferSize = 0;
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getJpegBufferSize(staticMeta, &jpegBufferSize));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, jpegBufferSize);
+
+        int32_t streamId = 0;
+        uint32_t streamConfigCounter = 0;
+        for (auto& blobIter : outputBlobStreams) {
+            for (auto& videoIter : outputVideoStreams) {
+                Stream videoStream = {
+                        streamId++,
+                        StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                        videoIter.width,
+                        videoIter.height,
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat>(videoIter.format),
+                        static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_VIDEO_ENCODER),
+                        Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                        StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                        std::string(),
+                        jpegBufferSize,
+                        /*groupId*/ -1,
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                Stream blobStream = {
+                        streamId++,
+                        StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                        blobIter.width,
+                        blobIter.height,
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat>(blobIter.format),
+                        static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_CPU_READ),
+                        Dataspace::JFIF,
+                        StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                        std::string(),
+                        jpegBufferSize,
+                        /*groupId*/ -1,
+                        {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+                std::vector<Stream> streams = {videoStream, blobStream};
+                StreamConfiguration config;
+
+                createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                          jpegBufferSize);
+                verifyStreamCombination(cameraDevice, config, /*expectedStatus*/ true,
+                                        /*expectStreamCombQuery*/ false);
+
+                config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+                std::vector<HalStream> halConfigs;
+                ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(2u, halConfigs.size());
+            }
+        }
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Generate and verify a camera capture request
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, processCaptureRequestPreview) {
+    // TODO(b/220897574): Failing with BUFFER_ERROR
+    processCaptureRequestInternal(GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER, RequestTemplate::PREVIEW,
+                                  false /*secureOnlyCameras*/);
+}
+
+// Generate and verify a secure camera capture request
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, processSecureCaptureRequest) {
+    processCaptureRequestInternal(GRALLOC1_PRODUCER_USAGE_PROTECTED, RequestTemplate::STILL_CAPTURE,
+                                  true /*secureOnlyCameras*/);
+}
+
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, processCaptureRequestPreviewStabilization) {
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, nsecs_t> cameraDeviceToTimeLag;
+    processPreviewStabilizationCaptureRequestInternal(/*previewStabilizationOn*/ false,
+                                                      cameraDeviceToTimeLag);
+    processPreviewStabilizationCaptureRequestInternal(/*previewStabilizationOn*/ true,
+                                                      cameraDeviceToTimeLag);
+}
+
+// Generate and verify a multi-camera capture request
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, processMultiCaptureRequestPreview) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                        static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888)};
+    int64_t bufferId = 1;
+    uint32_t frameNumber = 1;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> settings;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> emptySettings;
+    std::string invalidPhysicalId = "-1";
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::string version, deviceId;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(matchDeviceName(name, mProviderType, &version, &deviceId));
+        CameraMetadata metadata;
+
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> unusedDevice;
+        openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession /*out*/, &metadata /*out*/,
+                               &unusedDevice /*out*/);
+
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMeta =
+                reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(metadata.metadata.data());
+        Status rc = isLogicalMultiCamera(staticMeta);
+        if (Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED == rc) {
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        std::unordered_set<std::string> physicalIds;
+        rc = getPhysicalCameraIds(staticMeta, &physicalIds);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(Status::OK == rc);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(physicalIds.size() > 1);
+
+        std::unordered_set<int32_t> physicalRequestKeyIDs;
+        rc = getSupportedKeys(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_PHYSICAL_CAMERA_REQUEST_KEYS,
+                              &physicalRequestKeyIDs);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(Status::OK == rc);
+        if (physicalRequestKeyIDs.empty()) {
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            // The logical camera doesn't support any individual physical requests.
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata defaultPreviewSettings;
+        android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata filteredSettings;
+        constructFilteredSettings(mSession, physicalRequestKeyIDs, RequestTemplate::PREVIEW,
+                                  &defaultPreviewSettings, &filteredSettings);
+        if (filteredSettings.isEmpty()) {
+            // No physical device settings in default request.
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        const camera_metadata_t* settingsBuffer = defaultPreviewSettings.getAndLock();
+        uint8_t* rawSettingsBuffer = (uint8_t*)settingsBuffer;
+        settings.assign(rawSettingsBuffer,
+                        rawSettingsBuffer + get_camera_metadata_size(settingsBuffer));
+        CameraMetadata settingsMetadata = {settings};
+        overrideRotateAndCrop(&settingsMetadata);
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        // Leave only 2 physical devices in the id set.
+        auto it = physicalIds.begin();
+        std::string physicalDeviceId = *it;
+        it++;
+        physicalIds.erase(++it, physicalIds.end());
+        ASSERT_EQ(physicalIds.size(), 2u);
+
+        std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
+        bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+        bool useHalBufManager = false;
+        int32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+        Stream previewStream;
+        std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
+
+        configurePreviewStreams(name, mProvider, &previewThreshold, physicalIds, &mSession,
+                                &previewStream, &halStreams /*out*/,
+                                &supportsPartialResults /*out*/, &partialResultCount /*out*/,
+                                &useHalBufManager /*out*/, &cb /*out*/, 0 /*streamConfigCounter*/);
+
+        ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::MQDescriptor<
+                int8_t, aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
+                descriptor;
+        auto resultQueueRet = mSession->getCaptureResultMetadataQueue(&descriptor);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(resultQueueRet.isOk());
+        std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> resultQueue =
+                std::make_shared<ResultMetadataQueue>(descriptor);
+        if (!resultQueue->isValid() || resultQueue->availableToWrite() <= 0) {
+            ALOGE("%s: HAL returns empty result metadata fmq, not use it", __func__);
+            resultQueue = nullptr;
+            // Don't use the queue onwards.
+        }
+
+        std::shared_ptr<InFlightRequest> inflightReq = std::make_shared<InFlightRequest>(
+                static_cast<ssize_t>(halStreams.size()), false, supportsPartialResults,
+                partialResultCount, physicalIds, resultQueue);
+
+        std::vector<CaptureRequest> requests(1);
+        CaptureRequest& request = requests[0];
+        request.frameNumber = frameNumber;
+        request.fmqSettingsSize = 0;
+        request.settings.metadata = settings;
+
+        std::vector<StreamBuffer>& outputBuffers = request.outputBuffers;
+
+        std::vector<buffer_handle_t> graphicBuffers;
+        graphicBuffers.reserve(halStreams.size());
+        outputBuffers.resize(halStreams.size());
+        size_t k = 0;
+        for (const auto& halStream : halStreams) {
+            buffer_handle_t buffer_handle;
+            if (useHalBufManager) {
+                outputBuffers[k] = {halStream.id,     /*bufferId*/ 0, NativeHandle(),
+                                    BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+            } else {
+                allocateGraphicBuffer(previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
+                                      android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                                              static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.producerUsage),
+                                              static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.consumerUsage)),
+                                      halStream.overrideFormat, &buffer_handle);
+                graphicBuffers.push_back(buffer_handle);
+                outputBuffers[k] = {
+                        halStream.id,     bufferId,       ::android::makeToAidl(buffer_handle),
+                        BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+                bufferId++;
+            }
+            k++;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<PhysicalCameraSetting> camSettings(1);
+        const camera_metadata_t* filteredSettingsBuffer = filteredSettings.getAndLock();
+        uint8_t* rawFilteredSettingsBuffer = (uint8_t*)filteredSettingsBuffer;
+        camSettings[0].settings = {std::vector(
+                rawFilteredSettingsBuffer,
+                rawFilteredSettingsBuffer + get_camera_metadata_size(filteredSettingsBuffer))};
+        overrideRotateAndCrop(&camSettings[0].settings);
+        camSettings[0].fmqSettingsSize = 0;
+        camSettings[0].physicalCameraId = physicalDeviceId;
+
+        request.inputBuffer = {
+                -1, 0, NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::ERROR, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+        request.physicalCameraSettings = camSettings;
+
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            mInflightMap.clear();
+            mInflightMap[frameNumber] = inflightReq;
+        }
+
+        int32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+        std::vector<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus returnStatus =
+                mSession->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            while (!inflightReq->errorCodeValid &&
+                   ((0 < inflightReq->numBuffersLeft) || (!inflightReq->haveResultMetadata))) {
+                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                               std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+            }
+
+            ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReq->errorCodeValid);
+            ASSERT_NE(inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+
+            request.frameNumber++;
+            // Empty settings should be supported after the first call
+            // for repeating requests.
+            request.settings.metadata.clear();
+            request.physicalCameraSettings[0].settings.metadata.clear();
+            // The buffer has been registered to HAL by bufferId, so per
+            // API contract we should send a null handle for this buffer
+            request.outputBuffers[0].buffer = NativeHandle();
+            mInflightMap.clear();
+            inflightReq = std::make_shared<InFlightRequest>(
+                    static_cast<ssize_t>(physicalIds.size()), false, supportsPartialResults,
+                    partialResultCount, physicalIds, resultQueue);
+            mInflightMap[request.frameNumber] = inflightReq;
+        }
+
+        returnStatus =
+                mSession->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            while (!inflightReq->errorCodeValid &&
+                   ((0 < inflightReq->numBuffersLeft) || (!inflightReq->haveResultMetadata))) {
+                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                               std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+            }
+
+            ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReq->errorCodeValid);
+            ASSERT_NE(inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+        }
+
+        // Invalid physical camera id should fail process requests
+        frameNumber++;
+        camSettings[0].physicalCameraId = invalidPhysicalId;
+        camSettings[0].settings.metadata = settings;
+
+        request.physicalCameraSettings = camSettings;  // Invalid camera settings
+        returnStatus =
+                mSession->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+        ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT),
+                  returnStatus.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+        defaultPreviewSettings.unlock(settingsBuffer);
+        filteredSettings.unlock(filteredSettingsBuffer);
+
+        if (useHalBufManager) {
+            std::vector<int32_t> streamIds(halStreams.size());
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < streamIds.size(); i++) {
+                streamIds[i] = halStreams[i].id;
+            }
+            verifyBuffersReturned(mSession, streamIds, cb);
+        }
+
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Generate and verify an ultra high resolution capture request
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, processUltraHighResolutionRequest) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    int64_t bufferId = 1;
+    int32_t frameNumber = 1;
+    CameraMetadata settings;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::string version, deviceId;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(matchDeviceName(name, mProviderType, &version, &deviceId));
+        CameraMetadata meta;
+
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> unusedDevice;
+        openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession, &meta, &unusedDevice);
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMeta = reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data());
+        if (!isUltraHighResolution(staticMeta)) {
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+        CameraMetadata req;
+        android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata defaultSettings;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret =
+                mSession->constructDefaultRequestSettings(RequestTemplate::STILL_CAPTURE, &req);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        const camera_metadata_t* metadata =
+                reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(req.metadata.data());
+        size_t expectedSize = req.metadata.size();
+        int result = validate_camera_metadata_structure(metadata, &expectedSize);
+        ASSERT_TRUE((result == 0) || (result == CAMERA_METADATA_VALIDATION_SHIFTED));
+
+        size_t entryCount = get_camera_metadata_entry_count(metadata);
+        ASSERT_GT(entryCount, 0u);
+        defaultSettings = metadata;
+        uint8_t sensorPixelMode =
+                static_cast<uint8_t>(ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION);
+        ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK,
+                  defaultSettings.update(ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE, &sensorPixelMode, 1));
+
+        const camera_metadata_t* settingsBuffer = defaultSettings.getAndLock();
+        uint8_t* rawSettingsBuffer = (uint8_t*)settingsBuffer;
+        settings.metadata = std::vector(
+                rawSettingsBuffer, rawSettingsBuffer + get_camera_metadata_size(settingsBuffer));
+        overrideRotateAndCrop(&settings);
+
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
+        bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+        bool useHalBufManager = false;
+        int32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+        Stream previewStream;
+        std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
+
+        std::list<PixelFormat> pixelFormats = {PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888, PixelFormat::RAW16};
+        for (PixelFormat format : pixelFormats) {
+            configureStreams(name, mProvider, format, &mSession, &previewStream, &halStreams,
+                             &supportsPartialResults, &partialResultCount, &useHalBufManager, &cb,
+                             0, /*maxResolution*/ true);
+            ASSERT_NE(mSession, nullptr);
+
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::MQDescriptor<
+                    int8_t, aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
+                    descriptor;
+            auto resultQueueRet = mSession->getCaptureResultMetadataQueue(&descriptor);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(resultQueueRet.isOk());
+
+            std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> resultQueue =
+                    std::make_shared<ResultMetadataQueue>(descriptor);
+            if (!resultQueue->isValid() || resultQueue->availableToWrite() <= 0) {
+                ALOGE("%s: HAL returns empty result metadata fmq, not use it", __func__);
+                resultQueue = nullptr;
+                // Don't use the queue onwards.
+            }
+
+            std::vector<buffer_handle_t> graphicBuffers;
+            graphicBuffers.reserve(halStreams.size());
+            std::shared_ptr<InFlightRequest> inflightReq = std::make_shared<InFlightRequest>(
+                    static_cast<ssize_t>(halStreams.size()), false, supportsPartialResults,
+                    partialResultCount, std::unordered_set<std::string>(), resultQueue);
+
+            std::vector<CaptureRequest> requests(1);
+            CaptureRequest& request = requests[0];
+            std::vector<StreamBuffer>& outputBuffers = request.outputBuffers;
+            outputBuffers.resize(halStreams.size());
+
+            size_t k = 0;
+            for (const auto& halStream : halStreams) {
+                buffer_handle_t buffer_handle;
+                if (useHalBufManager) {
+                    outputBuffers[k] = {halStream.id,   0,
+                                        NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::OK,
+                                        NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+                } else {
+                    allocateGraphicBuffer(previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
+                                          android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                                                  static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.producerUsage),
+                                                  static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.consumerUsage)),
+                                          halStream.overrideFormat, &buffer_handle);
+                    graphicBuffers.push_back(buffer_handle);
+                    outputBuffers[k] = {
+                            halStream.id,     bufferId,       ::android::makeToAidl(buffer_handle),
+                            BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+                    bufferId++;
+                }
+                k++;
+            }
+
+            request.inputBuffer = {
+                    -1, 0, NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::ERROR, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+            request.frameNumber = frameNumber;
+            request.fmqSettingsSize = 0;
+            request.settings = settings;
+            request.inputWidth = 0;
+            request.inputHeight = 0;
+
+            {
+                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                mInflightMap.clear();
+                mInflightMap[frameNumber] = inflightReq;
+            }
+
+            int32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+            std::vector<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus returnStatus =
+                    mSession->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+            ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+
+            {
+                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                while (!inflightReq->errorCodeValid &&
+                       ((0 < inflightReq->numBuffersLeft) || (!inflightReq->haveResultMetadata))) {
+                    auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                   std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                    ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                }
+
+                ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReq->errorCodeValid);
+                ASSERT_NE(inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+            }
+            if (useHalBufManager) {
+                std::vector<int32_t> streamIds(halStreams.size());
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < streamIds.size(); i++) {
+                    streamIds[i] = halStreams[i].id;
+                }
+                verifyBuffersReturned(mSession, streamIds, cb);
+            }
+
+            ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Generate and verify 10-bit dynamic range request
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, process10BitDynamicRangeRequest) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    int64_t bufferId = 1;
+    int32_t frameNumber = 1;
+    CameraMetadata settings;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::string version, deviceId;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(matchDeviceName(name, mProviderType, &version, &deviceId));
+        CameraMetadata meta;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+        openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession, &meta, &device);
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMeta = reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data());
+        if (!is10BitDynamicRangeCapable(staticMeta)) {
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+        std::vector<
+                aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap>
+                profileList;
+        get10BitDynamicRangeProfiles(staticMeta, &profileList);
+        ASSERT_FALSE(profileList.empty());
+
+        CameraMetadata req;
+        android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata defaultSettings;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret =
+                mSession->constructDefaultRequestSettings(RequestTemplate::STILL_CAPTURE, &req);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        const camera_metadata_t* metadata =
+                reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(req.metadata.data());
+        size_t expectedSize = req.metadata.size();
+        int result = validate_camera_metadata_structure(metadata, &expectedSize);
+        ASSERT_TRUE((result == 0) || (result == CAMERA_METADATA_VALIDATION_SHIFTED));
+
+        size_t entryCount = get_camera_metadata_entry_count(metadata);
+        ASSERT_GT(entryCount, 0u);
+        defaultSettings = metadata;
+
+        const camera_metadata_t* settingsBuffer = defaultSettings.getAndLock();
+        uint8_t* rawSettingsBuffer = (uint8_t*)settingsBuffer;
+        settings.metadata = std::vector(
+                rawSettingsBuffer, rawSettingsBuffer + get_camera_metadata_size(settingsBuffer));
+        overrideRotateAndCrop(&settings);
+
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
+        bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+        bool useHalBufManager = false;
+        int32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+        Stream previewStream;
+        std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
+        for (const auto& profile : profileList) {
+            configureStreams(name, mProvider, PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED, &mSession,
+                             &previewStream, &halStreams, &supportsPartialResults,
+                             &partialResultCount, &useHalBufManager, &cb, 0,
+                             /*maxResolution*/ false, profile);
+            ASSERT_NE(mSession, nullptr);
+
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::MQDescriptor<
+                    int8_t, aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
+                    descriptor;
+            auto resultQueueRet = mSession->getCaptureResultMetadataQueue(&descriptor);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(resultQueueRet.isOk());
+
+            std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> resultQueue =
+                    std::make_shared<ResultMetadataQueue>(descriptor);
+            if (!resultQueue->isValid() || resultQueue->availableToWrite() <= 0) {
+                ALOGE("%s: HAL returns empty result metadata fmq, not use it", __func__);
+                resultQueue = nullptr;
+                // Don't use the queue onwards.
+            }
+
+            std::vector<buffer_handle_t> graphicBuffers;
+            graphicBuffers.reserve(halStreams.size());
+
+            std::shared_ptr<InFlightRequest> inflightReq = std::make_shared<InFlightRequest>(
+                    static_cast<ssize_t>(halStreams.size()), false, supportsPartialResults,
+                    partialResultCount, std::unordered_set<std::string>(), resultQueue);
+
+            std::vector<CaptureRequest> requests(1);
+            CaptureRequest& request = requests[0];
+            std::vector<StreamBuffer>& outputBuffers = request.outputBuffers;
+            outputBuffers.resize(halStreams.size());
+
+            size_t k = 0;
+            for (const auto& halStream : halStreams) {
+                buffer_handle_t buffer_handle;
+                if (useHalBufManager) {
+                    outputBuffers[k] = {halStream.id,   0,
+                                        NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::OK,
+                                        NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+                } else {
+                    allocateGraphicBuffer(previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
+                                          android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                                                  static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.producerUsage),
+                                                  static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.consumerUsage)),
+                                          halStream.overrideFormat, &buffer_handle);
+
+                    graphicBuffers.push_back(buffer_handle);
+                    outputBuffers[k] = {
+                            halStream.id,     bufferId,       android::makeToAidl(buffer_handle),
+                            BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+                    bufferId++;
+                }
+                k++;
+            }
+
+            request.inputBuffer = {
+                    -1, 0, NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::ERROR, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+            request.frameNumber = frameNumber;
+            request.fmqSettingsSize = 0;
+            request.settings = settings;
+            request.inputWidth = 0;
+            request.inputHeight = 0;
+
+            {
+                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                mInflightMap.clear();
+                mInflightMap[frameNumber] = inflightReq;
+            }
+
+            int32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+            std::vector<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus returnStatus =
+                    mSession->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+            ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+
+            {
+                std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+                while (!inflightReq->errorCodeValid &&
+                       ((0 < inflightReq->numBuffersLeft) || (!inflightReq->haveResultMetadata))) {
+                    auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                                   std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                    ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+                }
+
+                ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReq->errorCodeValid);
+                ASSERT_NE(inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+                verify10BitMetadata(mHandleImporter, *inflightReq, profile);
+            }
+            if (useHalBufManager) {
+                std::vector<int32_t> streamIds(halStreams.size());
+                for (size_t i = 0; i < streamIds.size(); i++) {
+                    streamIds[i] = halStreams[i].id;
+                }
+                mSession->signalStreamFlush(streamIds, /*streamConfigCounter*/ 0);
+                cb->waitForBuffersReturned();
+            }
+
+            ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// Generate and verify a burst containing alternating sensor sensitivity values
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, processCaptureRequestBurstISO) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                        static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+    int64_t bufferId = 1;
+    int32_t frameNumber = 1;
+    float isoTol = .03f;
+    CameraMetadata settings;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata meta;
+        settings.metadata.clear();
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> unusedDevice;
+        openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession /*out*/, &meta /*out*/,
+                               &unusedDevice /*out*/);
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMetaBuffer =
+                clone_camera_metadata(reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data()));
+        ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata staticMeta(
+                staticMetaBuffer);
+
+        camera_metadata_entry_t hwLevel = staticMeta.find(ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_HARDWARE_LEVEL);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(0 < hwLevel.count);
+        if (ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_HARDWARE_LEVEL_LIMITED == hwLevel.data.u8[0] ||
+            ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_HARDWARE_LEVEL_EXTERNAL == hwLevel.data.u8[0]) {
+            // Limited/External devices can skip this test
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        camera_metadata_entry_t isoRange = staticMeta.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_INFO_SENSITIVITY_RANGE);
+        ASSERT_EQ(isoRange.count, 2u);
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+        bool useHalBufManager = false;
+        int32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+        Stream previewStream;
+        std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
+        std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
+        configurePreviewStream(name, mProvider, &previewThreshold, &mSession /*out*/,
+                               &previewStream /*out*/, &halStreams /*out*/,
+                               &supportsPartialResults /*out*/, &partialResultCount /*out*/,
+                               &useHalBufManager /*out*/, &cb /*out*/);
+
+        ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::MQDescriptor<
+                int8_t, aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
+                descriptor;
+        auto resultQueueRet = mSession->getCaptureResultMetadataQueue(&descriptor);
+        std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> resultQueue =
+                std::make_shared<ResultMetadataQueue>(descriptor);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(resultQueueRet.isOk());
+        if (!resultQueue->isValid() || resultQueue->availableToWrite() <= 0) {
+            ALOGE("%s: HAL returns empty result metadata fmq, not use it", __func__);
+            resultQueue = nullptr;
+            // Don't use the queue onwards.
+        }
+
+        ret = mSession->constructDefaultRequestSettings(RequestTemplate::PREVIEW, &settings);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata requestMeta;
+        std::vector<CaptureRequest> requests(kBurstFrameCount);
+        std::vector<buffer_handle_t> buffers(kBurstFrameCount);
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<InFlightRequest>> inflightReqs(kBurstFrameCount);
+        std::vector<int32_t> isoValues(kBurstFrameCount);
+        std::vector<CameraMetadata> requestSettings(kBurstFrameCount);
+
+        for (int32_t i = 0; i < kBurstFrameCount; i++) {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            CaptureRequest& request = requests[i];
+            std::vector<StreamBuffer>& outputBuffers = request.outputBuffers;
+            outputBuffers.resize(1);
+            StreamBuffer& outputBuffer = outputBuffers[0];
+
+            isoValues[i] = ((i % 2) == 0) ? isoRange.data.i32[0] : isoRange.data.i32[1];
+            if (useHalBufManager) {
+                outputBuffer = {halStreams[0].id, 0,
+                                NativeHandle(),   BufferStatus::OK,
+                                NativeHandle(),   NativeHandle()};
+            } else {
+                allocateGraphicBuffer(previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
+                                      android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                                              static_cast<uint64_t>(halStreams[0].producerUsage),
+                                              static_cast<uint64_t>(halStreams[0].consumerUsage)),
+                                      halStreams[0].overrideFormat, &buffers[i]);
+                outputBuffer = {halStreams[0].id, bufferId + i,   ::android::makeToAidl(buffers[i]),
+                                BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+            }
+
+            requestMeta.append(reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(settings.metadata.data()));
+
+            // Disable all 3A routines
+            uint8_t mode = static_cast<uint8_t>(ANDROID_CONTROL_MODE_OFF);
+            ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, requestMeta.update(ANDROID_CONTROL_MODE, &mode, 1));
+            ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK,
+                      requestMeta.update(ANDROID_SENSOR_SENSITIVITY, &isoValues[i], 1));
+            camera_metadata_t* metaBuffer = requestMeta.release();
+            uint8_t* rawMetaBuffer = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(metaBuffer);
+            requestSettings[i].metadata = std::vector(
+                    rawMetaBuffer, rawMetaBuffer + get_camera_metadata_size(metaBuffer));
+            overrideRotateAndCrop(&(requestSettings[i]));
+
+            request.frameNumber = frameNumber + i;
+            request.fmqSettingsSize = 0;
+            request.settings = requestSettings[i];
+            request.inputBuffer = {
+                    -1, 0, NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::ERROR, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+
+            inflightReqs[i] = std::make_shared<InFlightRequest>(1, false, supportsPartialResults,
+                                                                partialResultCount, resultQueue);
+            mInflightMap[frameNumber + i] = inflightReqs[i];
+        }
+
+        int32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+        std::vector<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus returnStatus =
+                mSession->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, kBurstFrameCount);
+
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < kBurstFrameCount; i++) {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            while (!inflightReqs[i]->errorCodeValid && ((0 < inflightReqs[i]->numBuffersLeft) ||
+                                                        (!inflightReqs[i]->haveResultMetadata))) {
+                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                               std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+            }
+
+            ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReqs[i]->errorCodeValid);
+            ASSERT_NE(inflightReqs[i]->resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+            ASSERT_EQ(previewStream.id, inflightReqs[i]->resultOutputBuffers[0].buffer.streamId);
+            ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReqs[i]->collectedResult.isEmpty());
+            ASSERT_TRUE(inflightReqs[i]->collectedResult.exists(ANDROID_SENSOR_SENSITIVITY));
+            camera_metadata_entry_t isoResult =
+                    inflightReqs[i]->collectedResult.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_SENSITIVITY);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(std::abs(isoResult.data.i32[0] - isoValues[i]) <=
+                        std::round(isoValues[i] * isoTol));
+        }
+
+        if (useHalBufManager) {
+            verifyBuffersReturned(mSession, previewStream.id, cb);
+        }
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Test whether an incorrect capture request with missing settings will
+// be reported correctly.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, processCaptureRequestInvalidSinglePreview) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                        static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+    int64_t bufferId = 1;
+    int32_t frameNumber = 1;
+    CameraMetadata settings;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        Stream previewStream;
+        std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
+        std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
+        bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+        bool useHalBufManager = false;
+        int32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+        configurePreviewStream(name, mProvider, &previewThreshold, &mSession /*out*/,
+                               &previewStream /*out*/, &halStreams /*out*/,
+                               &supportsPartialResults /*out*/, &partialResultCount /*out*/,
+                               &useHalBufManager /*out*/, &cb /*out*/);
+        ASSERT_NE(mSession, nullptr);
+        ASSERT_FALSE(halStreams.empty());
+
+        buffer_handle_t buffer_handle = nullptr;
+
+        if (useHalBufManager) {
+            bufferId = 0;
+        } else {
+            allocateGraphicBuffer(previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
+                                  android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                                          static_cast<uint64_t>(halStreams[0].producerUsage),
+                                          static_cast<uint64_t>(halStreams[0].consumerUsage)),
+                                  halStreams[0].overrideFormat, &buffer_handle);
+        }
+
+        std::vector<CaptureRequest> requests(1);
+        CaptureRequest& request = requests[0];
+        std::vector<StreamBuffer>& outputBuffers = request.outputBuffers;
+        outputBuffers.resize(1);
+        StreamBuffer& outputBuffer = outputBuffers[0];
+
+        outputBuffer = {
+                halStreams[0].id,
+                bufferId,
+                buffer_handle == nullptr ? NativeHandle() : ::android::makeToAidl(buffer_handle),
+                BufferStatus::OK,
+                NativeHandle(),
+                NativeHandle()};
+
+        request.inputBuffer = {
+                -1, 0, NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::ERROR, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+        request.frameNumber = frameNumber;
+        request.fmqSettingsSize = 0;
+        request.settings = settings;
+
+        // Settings were not correctly initialized, we should fail here
+        int32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+        std::vector<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret =
+                mSession->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+        ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT), ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 0u);
+
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Verify camera offline session behavior
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, switchToOffline) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    AvailableStream threshold = {kMaxStillWidth, kMaxStillHeight,
+                                 static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::BLOB)};
+    int64_t bufferId = 1;
+    int32_t frameNumber = 1;
+    CameraMetadata settings;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata meta;
+        {
+            std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> unusedDevice;
+            openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession /*out*/, &meta /*out*/,
+                                   &unusedDevice);
+            camera_metadata_t* staticMetaBuffer = clone_camera_metadata(
+                    reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data()));
+            ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata staticMeta(
+                    staticMetaBuffer);
+
+            if (isOfflineSessionSupported(staticMetaBuffer) != Status::OK) {
+                ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+                mSession = nullptr;
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                continue;
+            }
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        }
+
+        bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+        int32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+        Stream stream;
+        std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
+        std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
+        int32_t jpegBufferSize;
+        bool useHalBufManager;
+        configureOfflineStillStream(name, mProvider, &threshold, &mSession /*out*/, &stream /*out*/,
+                                    &halStreams /*out*/, &supportsPartialResults /*out*/,
+                                    &partialResultCount /*out*/, &cb /*out*/,
+                                    &jpegBufferSize /*out*/, &useHalBufManager /*out*/);
+
+        auto ret = mSession->constructDefaultRequestSettings(RequestTemplate::STILL_CAPTURE,
+                                                             &settings);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::MQDescriptor<
+                int8_t, aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
+                descriptor;
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus resultQueueRet = mSession->getCaptureResultMetadataQueue(&descriptor);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(resultQueueRet.isOk());
+        std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> resultQueue =
+                std::make_shared<ResultMetadataQueue>(descriptor);
+        if (!resultQueue->isValid() || resultQueue->availableToWrite() <= 0) {
+            ALOGE("%s: HAL returns empty result metadata fmq, not use it", __func__);
+            resultQueue = nullptr;
+            // Don't use the queue onwards.
+        }
+
+        ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata requestMeta;
+
+        std::vector<buffer_handle_t> buffers(kBurstFrameCount);
+        std::vector<std::shared_ptr<InFlightRequest>> inflightReqs(kBurstFrameCount);
+        std::vector<CameraMetadata> requestSettings(kBurstFrameCount);
+
+        std::vector<CaptureRequest> requests(kBurstFrameCount);
+
+        HalStream halStream = halStreams[0];
+        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < kBurstFrameCount; i++) {
+            CaptureRequest& request = requests[i];
+            std::vector<StreamBuffer>& outputBuffers = request.outputBuffers;
+            outputBuffers.resize(1);
+            StreamBuffer& outputBuffer = outputBuffers[0];
+
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            if (useHalBufManager) {
+                outputBuffer = {halStream.id,  0, NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(),
+                                NativeHandle()};
+            } else {
+                // jpeg buffer (w,h) = (blobLen, 1)
+                allocateGraphicBuffer(jpegBufferSize, /*height*/ 1,
+                                      android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                                              static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.producerUsage),
+                                              static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.consumerUsage)),
+                                      halStream.overrideFormat, &buffers[i]);
+                outputBuffer = {halStream.id,     bufferId + i,   ::android::makeToAidl(buffers[i]),
+                                BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+            }
+
+            requestMeta.clear();
+            requestMeta.append(reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(settings.metadata.data()));
+
+            camera_metadata_t* metaBuffer = requestMeta.release();
+            uint8_t* rawMetaBuffer = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(metaBuffer);
+            requestSettings[i].metadata = std::vector(
+                    rawMetaBuffer, rawMetaBuffer + get_camera_metadata_size(metaBuffer));
+            overrideRotateAndCrop(&requestSettings[i]);
+
+            request.frameNumber = frameNumber + i;
+            request.fmqSettingsSize = 0;
+            request.settings = requestSettings[i];
+            request.inputBuffer = {/*streamId*/ -1,
+                                   /*bufferId*/ 0,      NativeHandle(),
+                                   BufferStatus::ERROR, NativeHandle(),
+                                   NativeHandle()};
+
+            inflightReqs[i] = std::make_shared<InFlightRequest>(1, false, supportsPartialResults,
+                                                                partialResultCount, resultQueue);
+            mInflightMap[frameNumber + i] = inflightReqs[i];
+        }
+
+        int32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+        std::vector<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus returnStatus =
+                mSession->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, kBurstFrameCount);
+
+        std::vector<int32_t> offlineStreamIds = {halStream.id};
+        CameraOfflineSessionInfo offlineSessionInfo;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraOfflineSession> offlineSession;
+        returnStatus =
+                mSession->switchToOffline(offlineStreamIds, &offlineSessionInfo, &offlineSession);
+
+        if (!halStreams[0].supportOffline) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT),
+                      returnStatus.getServiceSpecificError());
+            ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+        // Hal might be unable to find any requests qualified for offline mode.
+        if (offlineSession == nullptr) {
+            ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(offlineSessionInfo.offlineStreams.size(), 1u);
+        ASSERT_EQ(offlineSessionInfo.offlineStreams[0].id, halStream.id);
+        ASSERT_NE(offlineSessionInfo.offlineRequests.size(), 0u);
+
+        // close device session to make sure offline session does not rely on it
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::MQDescriptor<
+                int8_t, aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
+                offlineResultDescriptor;
+
+        auto offlineResultQueueRet =
+                offlineSession->getCaptureResultMetadataQueue(&offlineResultDescriptor);
+        std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> offlineResultQueue =
+                std::make_shared<ResultMetadataQueue>(descriptor);
+        if (!offlineResultQueue->isValid() || offlineResultQueue->availableToWrite() <= 0) {
+            ALOGE("%s: offline session returns empty result metadata fmq, not use it", __func__);
+            offlineResultQueue = nullptr;
+            // Don't use the queue onwards.
+        }
+        ASSERT_TRUE(offlineResultQueueRet.isOk());
+
+        updateInflightResultQueue(offlineResultQueue);
+
+        ret = offlineSession->setCallback(cb);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < kBurstFrameCount; i++) {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            while (!inflightReqs[i]->errorCodeValid && ((0 < inflightReqs[i]->numBuffersLeft) ||
+                                                        (!inflightReqs[i]->haveResultMetadata))) {
+                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                               std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+            }
+
+            ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReqs[i]->errorCodeValid);
+            ASSERT_NE(inflightReqs[i]->resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+            ASSERT_EQ(stream.id, inflightReqs[i]->resultOutputBuffers[0].buffer.streamId);
+            ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReqs[i]->collectedResult.isEmpty());
+        }
+
+        ret = offlineSession->close();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Check whether an invalid capture request with missing output buffers
+// will be reported correctly.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, processCaptureRequestInvalidBuffer) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputBlobStreams;
+    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                        static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+    int32_t frameNumber = 1;
+    CameraMetadata settings;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        Stream previewStream;
+        std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
+        std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
+        bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+        bool useHalBufManager = false;
+        int32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+        configurePreviewStream(name, mProvider, &previewThreshold, &mSession /*out*/,
+                               &previewStream /*out*/, &halStreams /*out*/,
+                               &supportsPartialResults /*out*/, &partialResultCount /*out*/,
+                               &useHalBufManager /*out*/, &cb /*out*/);
+
+        RequestTemplate reqTemplate = RequestTemplate::PREVIEW;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate, &settings);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        overrideRotateAndCrop(&settings);
+
+        std::vector<CaptureRequest> requests(1);
+        CaptureRequest& request = requests[0];
+        std::vector<StreamBuffer>& outputBuffers = request.outputBuffers;
+        outputBuffers.resize(1);
+        // Empty output buffer
+        outputBuffers[0] = {
+                -1, 0, NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::ERROR, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+
+        request.inputBuffer = {
+                -1, 0, NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::ERROR, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+        request.frameNumber = frameNumber;
+        request.fmqSettingsSize = 0;
+        request.settings = settings;
+
+        // Output buffers are missing, we should fail here
+        int32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+        std::vector<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+        ret = mSession->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+        ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT), ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 0u);
+
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Generate, trigger and flush a preview request
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, flushPreviewRequest) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                        static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+    int64_t bufferId = 1;
+    int32_t frameNumber = 1;
+    CameraMetadata settings;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        Stream previewStream;
+        std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
+        std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
+        bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+        bool useHalBufManager = false;
+        int32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+
+        configurePreviewStream(name, mProvider, &previewThreshold, &mSession /*out*/,
+                               &previewStream /*out*/, &halStreams /*out*/,
+                               &supportsPartialResults /*out*/, &partialResultCount /*out*/,
+                               &useHalBufManager /*out*/, &cb /*out*/);
+
+        ASSERT_NE(mSession, nullptr);
+        ASSERT_NE(cb, nullptr);
+        ASSERT_FALSE(halStreams.empty());
+
+        ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::MQDescriptor<
+                int8_t, aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
+                descriptor;
+
+        auto resultQueueRet = mSession->getCaptureResultMetadataQueue(&descriptor);
+        std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> resultQueue =
+                std::make_shared<ResultMetadataQueue>(descriptor);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(resultQueueRet.isOk());
+        if (!resultQueue->isValid() || resultQueue->availableToWrite() <= 0) {
+            ALOGE("%s: HAL returns empty result metadata fmq, not use it", __func__);
+            resultQueue = nullptr;
+            // Don't use the queue onwards.
+        }
+
+        std::shared_ptr<InFlightRequest> inflightReq = std::make_shared<InFlightRequest>(
+                1, false, supportsPartialResults, partialResultCount, resultQueue);
+        RequestTemplate reqTemplate = RequestTemplate::PREVIEW;
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate, &settings);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        overrideRotateAndCrop(&settings);
+
+        buffer_handle_t buffer_handle;
+        std::vector<CaptureRequest> requests(1);
+        CaptureRequest& request = requests[0];
+        std::vector<StreamBuffer>& outputBuffers = request.outputBuffers;
+        outputBuffers.resize(1);
+        StreamBuffer& outputBuffer = outputBuffers[0];
+        if (useHalBufManager) {
+            bufferId = 0;
+            outputBuffer = {halStreams[0].id, bufferId,       NativeHandle(),
+                            BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+        } else {
+            allocateGraphicBuffer(previewStream.width, previewStream.height,
+                                  android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                                          static_cast<uint64_t>(halStreams[0].producerUsage),
+                                          static_cast<uint64_t>(halStreams[0].consumerUsage)),
+                                  halStreams[0].overrideFormat, &buffer_handle);
+            outputBuffer = {halStreams[0].id, bufferId,       ::android::makeToAidl(buffer_handle),
+                            BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+        }
+
+        request.frameNumber = frameNumber;
+        request.fmqSettingsSize = 0;
+        request.settings = settings;
+        request.inputBuffer = {
+                -1, 0, NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::ERROR, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            mInflightMap.clear();
+            mInflightMap[frameNumber] = inflightReq;
+        }
+
+        int32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+        std::vector<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+        ret = mSession->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+
+        // Flush before waiting for request to complete.
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus returnStatus = mSession->flush();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            while (!inflightReq->errorCodeValid &&
+                   ((0 < inflightReq->numBuffersLeft) || (!inflightReq->haveResultMetadata))) {
+                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                               std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+            }
+
+            if (!inflightReq->errorCodeValid) {
+                ASSERT_NE(inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+                ASSERT_EQ(previewStream.id, inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers[0].buffer.streamId);
+            } else {
+                switch (inflightReq->errorCode) {
+                    case ErrorCode::ERROR_REQUEST:
+                    case ErrorCode::ERROR_RESULT:
+                    case ErrorCode::ERROR_BUFFER:
+                        // Expected
+                        break;
+                    case ErrorCode::ERROR_DEVICE:
+                    default:
+                        FAIL() << "Unexpected error:"
+                               << static_cast<uint32_t>(inflightReq->errorCode);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (useHalBufManager) {
+            verifyBuffersReturned(mSession, previewStream.id, cb);
+        }
+
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Verify that camera flushes correctly without any pending requests.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, flushEmpty) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                        static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        Stream previewStream;
+        std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
+        std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
+        bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+        bool useHalBufManager = false;
+
+        int32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+        configurePreviewStream(name, mProvider, &previewThreshold, &mSession /*out*/,
+                               &previewStream /*out*/, &halStreams /*out*/,
+                               &supportsPartialResults /*out*/, &partialResultCount /*out*/,
+                               &useHalBufManager /*out*/, &cb /*out*/);
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus returnStatus = mSession->flush();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(returnStatus.isOk());
+
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                           std::chrono::milliseconds(kEmptyFlushTimeoutMSec);
+            ASSERT_EQ(std::cv_status::timeout, mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+        }
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Test camera provider notify method
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, providerDeviceStateNotification) {
+    notifyDeviceState(ICameraProvider::DEVICE_STATE_BACK_COVERED);
+    notifyDeviceState(ICameraProvider::DEVICE_STATE_NORMAL);
+}
+
+// Verify that all supported stream formats and sizes can be configured
+// successfully for injection camera.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, configureInjectionStreamsAvailableOutputs) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata metadata;
+
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraInjectionSession> injectionSession;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> unusedDevice;
+        openEmptyInjectionSession(name, mProvider, &injectionSession /*out*/, &metadata /*out*/,
+                                  &unusedDevice /*out*/);
+        if (injectionSession == nullptr) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMetaBuffer =
+                reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(metadata.metadata.data());
+        CameraMetadata chars;
+        chars.metadata = metadata.metadata;
+
+        outputStreams.clear();
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMetaBuffer, outputStreams));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, outputStreams.size());
+
+        int32_t jpegBufferSize = 0;
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getJpegBufferSize(staticMetaBuffer, &jpegBufferSize));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, jpegBufferSize);
+
+        int32_t streamId = 0;
+        int32_t streamConfigCounter = 0;
+        for (auto& it : outputStreams) {
+            Dataspace dataspace = getDataspace(static_cast<PixelFormat>(it.format));
+            Stream stream = {streamId,
+                             StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                             it.width,
+                             it.height,
+                             static_cast<PixelFormat>(it.format),
+                             static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                     GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                             dataspace,
+                             StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                             std::string(),
+                             jpegBufferSize,
+                             0,
+                             {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+
+            std::vector<Stream> streams = {stream};
+            StreamConfiguration config;
+            createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                      jpegBufferSize);
+
+            config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus s = injectionSession->configureInjectionStreams(config, chars);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(s.isOk());
+            streamId++;
+        }
+
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = injectionSession->getCameraDeviceSession(&session);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(session, nullptr);
+        ret = session->close();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Check for correct handling of invalid/incorrect configuration parameters for injection camera.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, configureInjectionStreamsInvalidOutputs) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata metadata;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraInjectionSession> injectionSession;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> unusedDevice;
+        openEmptyInjectionSession(name, mProvider, &injectionSession /*out*/, &metadata /*out*/,
+                                  &unusedDevice);
+        if (injectionSession == nullptr) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMetaBuffer =
+                reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(metadata.metadata.data());
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = injectionSession->getCameraDeviceSession(&session);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(session, nullptr);
+
+        CameraMetadata chars;
+        chars.metadata = metadata.metadata;
+
+        outputStreams.clear();
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMetaBuffer, outputStreams));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, outputStreams.size());
+
+        int32_t jpegBufferSize = 0;
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getJpegBufferSize(staticMetaBuffer, &jpegBufferSize));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, jpegBufferSize);
+
+        int32_t streamId = 0;
+        Stream stream = {streamId++,
+                         StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                         0,
+                         0,
+                         static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputStreams[0].format),
+                         static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                 GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                         Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                         StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                         std::string(),
+                         jpegBufferSize,
+                         0,
+                         {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+
+        int32_t streamConfigCounter = 0;
+        std::vector<Stream> streams = {stream};
+        StreamConfiguration config;
+        createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                  jpegBufferSize);
+
+        config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus s = injectionSession->configureInjectionStreams(config, chars);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(
+                (static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT) == s.getServiceSpecificError()) ||
+                (static_cast<int32_t>(Status::INTERNAL_ERROR) == s.getServiceSpecificError()));
+
+        stream = {streamId++,
+                  StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                  INT32_MAX,
+                  INT32_MAX,
+                  static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputStreams[0].format),
+                  static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                          GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                  Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                  StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                  std::string(),
+                  jpegBufferSize,
+                  0,
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+        streams[0] = stream;
+        createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                  jpegBufferSize);
+        config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+        s = injectionSession->configureInjectionStreams(config, chars);
+        ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT), s.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+        for (auto& it : outputStreams) {
+            stream = {streamId++,
+                      StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                      it.width,
+                      it.height,
+                      static_cast<PixelFormat>(INT32_MAX),
+                      static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                              GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                      Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                      StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                      std::string(),
+                      jpegBufferSize,
+                      0,
+                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+            streams[0] = stream;
+            createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                      jpegBufferSize);
+            config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+            s = injectionSession->configureInjectionStreams(config, chars);
+            ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT), s.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+            stream = {streamId++,
+                      StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                      it.width,
+                      it.height,
+                      static_cast<PixelFormat>(it.format),
+                      static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                              GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                      Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                      static_cast<StreamRotation>(INT32_MAX),
+                      std::string(),
+                      jpegBufferSize,
+                      0,
+                      {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+            streams[0] = stream;
+            createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                                      jpegBufferSize);
+            config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter++;
+            s = injectionSession->configureInjectionStreams(config, chars);
+            ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT), s.getServiceSpecificError());
+        }
+
+        ret = session->close();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Check whether session parameters are supported for injection camera. If Hal support for them
+// exist, then try to configure a preview stream using them.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, configureInjectionStreamsWithSessionParameters) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+    AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                        static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata metadata;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraInjectionSession> injectionSession;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> unusedDevice;
+        openEmptyInjectionSession(name, mProvider, &injectionSession /*out*/, &metadata /*out*/,
+                                  &unusedDevice /*out*/);
+        if (injectionSession == nullptr) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = injectionSession->getCameraDeviceSession(&session);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_NE(session, nullptr);
+
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMetaBuffer =
+                reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(metadata.metadata.data());
+        CameraMetadata chars;
+        chars.metadata = metadata.metadata;
+
+        std::unordered_set<int32_t> availableSessionKeys;
+        Status rc = getSupportedKeys(staticMetaBuffer, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_SESSION_KEYS,
+                                     &availableSessionKeys);
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+        if (availableSessionKeys.empty()) {
+            ret = session->close();
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata previewRequestSettings;
+        android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata sessionParams,
+                modifiedSessionParams;
+        constructFilteredSettings(session, availableSessionKeys, RequestTemplate::PREVIEW,
+                                  &previewRequestSettings, &sessionParams);
+        if (sessionParams.isEmpty()) {
+            ret = session->close();
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        outputPreviewStreams.clear();
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMetaBuffer, outputPreviewStreams,
+                                                        &previewThreshold));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, outputPreviewStreams.size());
+
+        Stream previewStream = {
+                0,
+                StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                outputPreviewStreams[0].width,
+                outputPreviewStreams[0].height,
+                static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputPreviewStreams[0].format),
+                static_cast<::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                        GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                std::string(),
+                0,
+                -1,
+                {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+        std::vector<Stream> streams = {previewStream};
+        StreamConfiguration config;
+        config.streams = streams;
+        config.operationMode = StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE;
+
+        modifiedSessionParams = sessionParams;
+        camera_metadata_t* sessionParamsBuffer = sessionParams.release();
+        uint8_t* rawSessionParamsBuffer = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(sessionParamsBuffer);
+        config.sessionParams.metadata =
+                std::vector(rawSessionParamsBuffer,
+                            rawSessionParamsBuffer + get_camera_metadata_size(sessionParamsBuffer));
+
+        config.streamConfigCounter = 0;
+        config.streamConfigCounter = 0;
+        config.multiResolutionInputImage = false;
+
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus s = injectionSession->configureInjectionStreams(config, chars);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(s.isOk());
+
+        sessionParams.acquire(sessionParamsBuffer);
+        free_camera_metadata(staticMetaBuffer);
+        ret = session->close();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+// Verify that  valid stream use cases can be configured successfully, and invalid use cases
+// fail stream configuration.
+TEST_P(CameraAidlTest, configureStreamsUseCases) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        CameraMetadata meta;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> cameraDevice;
+
+        openEmptyDeviceSession(name, mProvider, &mSession /*out*/, &meta /*out*/,
+                               &cameraDevice /*out*/);
+
+        camera_metadata_t* staticMeta = reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data());
+        // Check if camera support depth only
+        if (isDepthOnly(staticMeta)) {
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+            mSession = nullptr;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+        AvailableStream previewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                            static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888)};
+        ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK,
+                  getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputPreviewStreams, &previewThreshold));
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, outputPreviewStreams.size());
+
+        // Combine valid and invalid stream use cases
+        std::vector<int32_t> useCases(kMandatoryUseCases);
+        useCases.push_back(ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL + 1);
+
+        std::vector<int32_t> supportedUseCases;
+        camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+        auto retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+                staticMeta, ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES, &entry);
+        if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+            supportedUseCases.insert(supportedUseCases.end(), entry.data.i32,
+                                     entry.data.i32 + entry.count);
+        } else {
+            supportedUseCases.push_back(ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT);
+        }
+
+        std::vector<Stream> streams(1);
+        streams[0] = {
+                0,
+                StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                outputPreviewStreams[0].width,
+                outputPreviewStreams[0].height,
+                static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputPreviewStreams[0].format),
+                static_cast<::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                        GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_CPU_READ),
+                Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                std::string(),
+                0,
+                -1,
+                {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT},
+                aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap::
+                        ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD};
+
+        int32_t streamConfigCounter = 0;
+        CameraMetadata req;
+        StreamConfiguration config;
+        RequestTemplate reqTemplate = RequestTemplate::STILL_CAPTURE;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate, &req);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        config.sessionParams = req;
+
+        for (int32_t useCase : useCases) {
+            bool useCaseSupported = std::find(supportedUseCases.begin(), supportedUseCases.end(),
+                                              useCase) != supportedUseCases.end();
+
+            streams[0].useCase = static_cast<
+                    aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::ScalerAvailableStreamUseCases>(
+                    useCase);
+            config.streams = streams;
+            config.operationMode = StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE;
+            config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter;
+            config.multiResolutionInputImage = false;
+
+            bool combSupported;
+            ret = cameraDevice->isStreamCombinationSupported(config, &combSupported);
+            ASSERT_TRUE((ret.isOk()) || (static_cast<int32_t>(Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED) ==
+                                         ret.getServiceSpecificError()));
+            if (ret.isOk()) {
+                ASSERT_EQ(combSupported, useCaseSupported);
+            }
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+            std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
+            ret = mSession->configureStreams(config, &halStreams);
+            ALOGI("configureStreams returns status: %d", ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+            if (useCaseSupported) {
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(1u, halStreams.size());
+            } else {
+                ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT),
+                          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+            }
+        }
+        ret = mSession->close();
+        mSession = nullptr;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+GTEST_ALLOW_UNINSTANTIATED_PARAMETERIZED_TEST(CameraAidlTest);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, CameraAidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(ICameraProvider::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.cpp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d03b097
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,2924 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "camera_aidl_test.h"
+
+#include <CameraParameters.h>
+#include <HandleImporter.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/ICameraDevice.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/CameraMetadataTag.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/SensorInfoColorFilterArrangement.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/metadata/SensorPixelMode.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/provider/BnCameraProviderCallback.h>
+#include <aidlcommonsupport/NativeHandle.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+#include <device_cb.h>
+#include <empty_device_cb.h>
+#include <grallocusage/GrallocUsageConversion.h>
+#include <hardware/gralloc1.h>
+#include <simple_device_cb.h>
+#include <ui/GraphicBufferAllocator.h>
+#include <regex>
+#include <typeinfo>
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::CameraDeviceStatus;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::TorchModeStatus;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::CameraMetadata;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::ICameraDevice;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::ICameraDeviceSessionDefault;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::CameraMetadataTag;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::SensorInfoColorFilterArrangement;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::SensorPixelMode;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::provider::BnCameraProviderCallback;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::provider::ConcurrentCameraIdCombination;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::provider::ICameraProvider;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::provider::ICameraProviderCallback;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::common::NativeHandle;
+using ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::Size;
+using ::ndk::ScopedAStatus;
+using ::ndk::SpAIBinder;
+
+namespace {
+bool matchDeviceName(const std::string& deviceName, const std::string& providerType,
+                     std::string* deviceVersion, std::string* cameraId) {
+    // expected format: device@<major>.<minor>/<type>/<id>
+    std::stringstream pattern;
+    pattern << "device@[0-9]+\\.[0-9]+/" << providerType << "/(.+)";
+    std::regex e(pattern.str());
+
+    std::smatch sm;
+    if (std::regex_match(deviceName, sm, e)) {
+        if (deviceVersion != nullptr) {
+            *deviceVersion = sm[1];
+        }
+        if (cameraId != nullptr) {
+            *cameraId = sm[2];
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool parseProviderName(const std::string& serviceDescriptor, std::string* type /*out*/,
+                       uint32_t* id /*out*/) {
+    if (!type || !id) {
+        ADD_FAILURE();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // expected format: <service_name>/<type>/<id>
+    std::string::size_type slashIdx1 = serviceDescriptor.find('/');
+    if (slashIdx1 == std::string::npos || slashIdx1 == serviceDescriptor.size() - 1) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Provider name does not have / separator between name, type, and id";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    std::string::size_type slashIdx2 = serviceDescriptor.find('/', slashIdx1 + 1);
+    if (slashIdx2 == std::string::npos || slashIdx2 == serviceDescriptor.size() - 1) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Provider name does not have / separator between type and id";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    std::string typeVal = serviceDescriptor.substr(slashIdx1 + 1, slashIdx2 - slashIdx1 - 1);
+
+    char* endPtr;
+    errno = 0;
+    long idVal = strtol(serviceDescriptor.c_str() + slashIdx2 + 1, &endPtr, 10);
+    if (errno != 0) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "cannot parse provider id as an integer:" << serviceDescriptor.c_str()
+                      << strerror(errno) << errno;
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (endPtr != serviceDescriptor.c_str() + serviceDescriptor.size()) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "provider id has unexpected length " << serviceDescriptor.c_str();
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (idVal < 0) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "id is negative: " << serviceDescriptor.c_str() << idVal;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    *type = typeVal;
+    *id = static_cast<uint32_t>(idVal);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+const std::vector<int32_t> kMandatoryUseCases = {
+        ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT,
+        ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW,
+        ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_STILL_CAPTURE,
+        ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_RECORD,
+        ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_PREVIEW_VIDEO_STILL,
+        ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL};
+}  // namespace
+
+void CameraAidlTest::SetUp() {
+    std::string serviceDescriptor = GetParam();
+    ALOGI("get service with name: %s", serviceDescriptor.c_str());
+
+    bool success = ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(5);
+    ALOGI("ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount returns %s", success ? "true" : "false");
+    ASSERT_TRUE(success);
+    ABinderProcess_startThreadPool();
+
+    SpAIBinder cameraProviderBinder =
+            SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_getService(serviceDescriptor.c_str()));
+    ASSERT_NE(cameraProviderBinder.get(), nullptr);
+
+    std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider> cameraProvider =
+            ICameraProvider::fromBinder(cameraProviderBinder);
+    ASSERT_NE(cameraProvider.get(), nullptr);
+    mProvider = cameraProvider;
+    uint32_t id;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(parseProviderName(serviceDescriptor, &mProviderType, &id));
+
+    notifyDeviceState(ICameraProvider::DEVICE_STATE_NORMAL);
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::TearDown() {
+    if (mSession != nullptr) {
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mSession->close();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+std::vector<std::string> CameraAidlTest::getCameraDeviceNames(
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider, bool addSecureOnly) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames;
+
+    ScopedAStatus ret = provider->getCameraIdList(&cameraDeviceNames);
+    if (!ret.isOk()) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Could not get camera id list";
+    }
+
+    // External camera devices are reported through cameraDeviceStatusChange
+    struct ProviderCb : public BnCameraProviderCallback {
+        ScopedAStatus cameraDeviceStatusChange(const std::string& devName,
+                                               CameraDeviceStatus newStatus) override {
+            ALOGI("camera device status callback name %s, status %d", devName.c_str(),
+                  (int)newStatus);
+            if (newStatus == CameraDeviceStatus::PRESENT) {
+                externalCameraDeviceNames.push_back(devName);
+            }
+            return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+        }
+
+        ScopedAStatus torchModeStatusChange(const std::string&, TorchModeStatus) override {
+            return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+        }
+
+        ScopedAStatus physicalCameraDeviceStatusChange(
+                const std::string&, const std::string&,
+                ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::CameraDeviceStatus) override {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus();
+        }
+
+        std::vector<std::string> externalCameraDeviceNames;
+    };
+    std::shared_ptr<ProviderCb> cb = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<ProviderCb>();
+    auto status = mProvider->setCallback(cb);
+
+    for (const auto& devName : cb->externalCameraDeviceNames) {
+        if (cameraDeviceNames.end() ==
+            std::find(cameraDeviceNames.begin(), cameraDeviceNames.end(), devName)) {
+            cameraDeviceNames.push_back(devName);
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::vector<std::string> retList;
+    for (auto& cameraDeviceName : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        bool isSecureOnlyCamera = isSecureOnly(mProvider, cameraDeviceName);
+        if (addSecureOnly) {
+            if (isSecureOnlyCamera) {
+                retList.emplace_back(cameraDeviceName);
+            }
+        } else if (!isSecureOnlyCamera) {
+            retList.emplace_back(cameraDeviceName);
+        }
+    }
+    return retList;
+}
+
+bool CameraAidlTest::isSecureOnly(const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+                                  const std::string& name) {
+    std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> cameraDevice = nullptr;
+    ScopedAStatus retInterface = provider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &cameraDevice);
+    if (!retInterface.isOk()) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Failed to get camera device interface for " << name;
+    }
+
+    CameraMetadata cameraCharacteristics;
+    ScopedAStatus retChars = cameraDevice->getCameraCharacteristics(&cameraCharacteristics);
+    if (!retChars.isOk()) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Failed to get camera characteristics for device " << name;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_t* chars =
+            reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(cameraCharacteristics.metadata.data());
+
+    SystemCameraKind systemCameraKind = SystemCameraKind::PUBLIC;
+    Status retCameraKind = getSystemCameraKind(chars, &systemCameraKind);
+    if (retCameraKind != Status::OK) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Failed to get camera kind for " << name;
+    }
+
+    return systemCameraKind == SystemCameraKind::HIDDEN_SECURE_CAMERA;
+}
+
+std::map<std::string, std::string> CameraAidlTest::getCameraDeviceIdToNameMap(
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider> provider) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(provider);
+
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> idToNameMap;
+    for (auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        std::string version, cameraId;
+        if (!matchDeviceName(name, mProviderType, &version, &cameraId)) {
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+        }
+        idToNameMap.insert(std::make_pair(std::string(cameraId), name));
+    }
+    return idToNameMap;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyMonochromeCameraResult(
+        const ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata& metadata) {
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+
+    // Check tags that are not applicable for monochrome camera
+    ASSERT_FALSE(metadata.exists(ANDROID_SENSOR_GREEN_SPLIT));
+    ASSERT_FALSE(metadata.exists(ANDROID_SENSOR_NEUTRAL_COLOR_POINT));
+    ASSERT_FALSE(metadata.exists(ANDROID_COLOR_CORRECTION_MODE));
+    ASSERT_FALSE(metadata.exists(ANDROID_COLOR_CORRECTION_TRANSFORM));
+    ASSERT_FALSE(metadata.exists(ANDROID_COLOR_CORRECTION_GAINS));
+
+    // Check dynamicBlackLevel
+    entry = metadata.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_DYNAMIC_BLACK_LEVEL);
+    if (entry.count > 0) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(entry.count, 4);
+        for (size_t i = 1; i < entry.count; i++) {
+            ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(entry.data.f[i], entry.data.f[0]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Check noiseProfile
+    entry = metadata.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_NOISE_PROFILE);
+    if (entry.count > 0) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(entry.count, 2);
+    }
+
+    // Check lensShadingMap
+    entry = metadata.find(ANDROID_STATISTICS_LENS_SHADING_MAP);
+    if (entry.count > 0) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(entry.count % 4, 0);
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count / 4; i++) {
+            ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(entry.data.f[i * 4 + 1], entry.data.f[i * 4]);
+            ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(entry.data.f[i * 4 + 2], entry.data.f[i * 4]);
+            ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(entry.data.f[i * 4 + 3], entry.data.f[i * 4]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Check tonemapCurve
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry curveRed = metadata.find(ANDROID_TONEMAP_CURVE_RED);
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry curveGreen = metadata.find(ANDROID_TONEMAP_CURVE_GREEN);
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry curveBlue = metadata.find(ANDROID_TONEMAP_CURVE_BLUE);
+    if (curveRed.count > 0 && curveGreen.count > 0 && curveBlue.count > 0) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(curveRed.count, curveGreen.count);
+        ASSERT_EQ(curveRed.count, curveBlue.count);
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < curveRed.count; i++) {
+            ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(curveGreen.data.f[i], curveRed.data.f[i]);
+            ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(curveBlue.data.f[i], curveRed.data.f[i]);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyStreamUseCaseCharacteristics(const camera_metadata_t* metadata) {
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    // Check capabilities
+    int retcode =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES, &entry);
+    bool hasStreamUseCaseCap = false;
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        if (std::find(entry.data.u8, entry.data.u8 + entry.count,
+                      ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_STREAM_USE_CASE) !=
+            entry.data.u8 + entry.count) {
+            hasStreamUseCaseCap = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool supportMandatoryUseCases = false;
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES,
+                                            &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        supportMandatoryUseCases = true;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < kMandatoryUseCases.size(); i++) {
+            if (std::find(entry.data.i32, entry.data.i32 + entry.count, kMandatoryUseCases[i]) ==
+                entry.data.i32 + entry.count) {
+                supportMandatoryUseCases = false;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        bool supportDefaultUseCase = false;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+            if (entry.data.i32[i] == ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_DEFAULT) {
+                supportDefaultUseCase = true;
+            }
+            ASSERT_TRUE(entry.data.i32[i] <= ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VIDEO_CALL ||
+                        entry.data.i32[i] >=
+                                ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_USE_CASES_VENDOR_START);
+        }
+        ASSERT_TRUE(supportDefaultUseCase);
+    }
+
+    ASSERT_EQ(hasStreamUseCaseCap, supportMandatoryUseCases);
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::isMonochromeCamera(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta) {
+    Status ret = Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    if (nullptr == staticMeta) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES,
+                                           &entry);
+    if (0 != rc) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+        if (ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_MONOCHROME == entry.data.u8[i]) {
+            ret = Status::OK;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::isLogicalMultiCamera(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta) {
+    Status ret = Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    if (nullptr == staticMeta) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES,
+                                           &entry);
+    if (0 != rc) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+        if (ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_LOGICAL_MULTI_CAMERA == entry.data.u8[i]) {
+            ret = Status::OK;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyLogicalCameraResult(const camera_metadata_t* staticMetadata,
+                                               const std::vector<uint8_t>& resultMetadata) {
+    camera_metadata_t* metadata = (camera_metadata_t*)resultMetadata.data();
+
+    std::unordered_set<std::string> physicalIds;
+    Status rc = getPhysicalCameraIds(staticMetadata, &physicalIds);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(Status::OK == rc);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(physicalIds.size() > 1);
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    // Check mainPhysicalId
+    find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_LOGICAL_MULTI_CAMERA_ACTIVE_PHYSICAL_ID,
+                                  &entry);
+    if (entry.count > 0) {
+        std::string mainPhysicalId(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(entry.data.u8));
+        ASSERT_NE(physicalIds.find(mainPhysicalId), physicalIds.end());
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get LOGICAL_MULTI_CAMERA_ACTIVE_PHYSICAL_ID failed!";
+    }
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::getPhysicalCameraIds(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                            std::unordered_set<std::string>* physicalIds) {
+    if ((nullptr == staticMeta) || (nullptr == physicalIds)) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_LOGICAL_MULTI_CAMERA_PHYSICAL_IDS,
+                                           &entry);
+    if (0 != rc) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    const uint8_t* ids = entry.data.u8;
+    size_t start = 0;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+        if (ids[i] == '\0') {
+            if (start != i) {
+                std::string currentId(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(ids + start));
+                physicalIds->emplace(currentId);
+            }
+            start = i + 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return Status::OK;
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::getSystemCameraKind(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                           SystemCameraKind* systemCameraKind) {
+    if (nullptr == staticMeta || nullptr == systemCameraKind) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry{};
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES,
+                                           &entry);
+    if (0 != rc) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    if (entry.count == 1 &&
+        entry.data.u8[0] == ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_SECURE_IMAGE_DATA) {
+        *systemCameraKind = SystemCameraKind::HIDDEN_SECURE_CAMERA;
+        return Status::OK;
+    }
+
+    // Go through the capabilities and check if it has
+    // ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_SYSTEM_CAMERA
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; ++i) {
+        uint8_t capability = entry.data.u8[i];
+        if (capability == ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_SYSTEM_CAMERA) {
+            *systemCameraKind = SystemCameraKind::SYSTEM_ONLY_CAMERA;
+            return Status::OK;
+        }
+    }
+    *systemCameraKind = SystemCameraKind::PUBLIC;
+    return Status::OK;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::notifyDeviceState(int64_t state) {
+    if (mProvider == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+    mProvider->notifyDeviceStateChange(state);
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::allocateGraphicBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint64_t usage,
+                                           PixelFormat format, buffer_handle_t* buffer_handle) {
+    ASSERT_NE(buffer_handle, nullptr);
+
+    uint32_t stride;
+
+    android::status_t err = android::GraphicBufferAllocator::get().allocateRawHandle(
+            width, height, static_cast<int32_t>(format), 1u /*layerCount*/, usage, buffer_handle,
+            &stride, "VtsHalCameraProviderV2");
+    ASSERT_EQ(err, android::NO_ERROR);
+}
+
+bool CameraAidlTest::matchDeviceName(const std::string& deviceName, const std::string& providerType,
+                                     std::string* deviceVersion, std::string* cameraId) {
+    // "device@<version>/legacy/<id>"
+    std::string pattern;
+    pattern.append("device@([0-9]+\\.[0-9]+)/");
+    pattern.append(providerType);
+    pattern.append("/(.+)");
+
+    std::regex e(pattern);
+    std::smatch sm;
+    if (std::regex_match(deviceName, sm, e)) {
+        if (deviceVersion != nullptr) {
+            *deviceVersion = sm[1];
+        }
+        if (cameraId != nullptr) {
+            *cameraId = sm[2];
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyCameraCharacteristics(const CameraMetadata& chars) {
+    const camera_metadata_t* metadata =
+            reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(chars.metadata.data());
+
+    size_t expectedSize = chars.metadata.size();
+    int result = validate_camera_metadata_structure(metadata, &expectedSize);
+    ASSERT_TRUE((result == 0) || (result == CAMERA_METADATA_VALIDATION_SHIFTED));
+    size_t entryCount = get_camera_metadata_entry_count(metadata);
+    // TODO: we can do better than 0 here. Need to check how many required
+    // characteristics keys we've defined.
+    ASSERT_GT(entryCount, 0u);
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int retcode =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_HARDWARE_LEVEL, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        uint8_t hardwareLevel = entry.data.u8[0];
+        ASSERT_TRUE(hardwareLevel == ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_HARDWARE_LEVEL_LIMITED ||
+                    hardwareLevel == ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_HARDWARE_LEVEL_FULL ||
+                    hardwareLevel == ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_HARDWARE_LEVEL_3 ||
+                    hardwareLevel == ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_HARDWARE_LEVEL_EXTERNAL);
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera hardware level failed!";
+    }
+
+    entry.count = 0;
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_REQUEST_CHARACTERISTIC_KEYS_NEEDING_PERMISSION, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) || (entry.count > 0)) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "ANDROID_REQUEST_CHARACTERISTIC_KEYS_NEEDING_PERMISSION "
+                      << " per API contract should never be set by Hal!";
+    }
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_DEPTH_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) || (entry.count > 0)) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_DEPTH_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS"
+                      << " per API contract should never be set by Hal!";
+    }
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_DEPTH_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) || (entry.count > 0)) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_DEPTH_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS"
+                      << " per API contract should never be set by Hal!";
+    }
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_DEPTH_STALL_DURATIONS, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) || (entry.count > 0)) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_DEPTH_STALL_DURATIONS"
+                      << " per API contract should never be set by Hal!";
+    }
+
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_HEIC_AVAILABLE_HEIC_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS, &entry);
+    if (0 == retcode || entry.count > 0) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "ANDROID_HEIC_AVAILABLE_HEIC_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS "
+                      << " per API contract should never be set by Hal!";
+    }
+
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_HEIC_AVAILABLE_HEIC_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS, &entry);
+    if (0 == retcode || entry.count > 0) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "ANDROID_HEIC_AVAILABLE_HEIC_MIN_FRAME_DURATIONS "
+                      << " per API contract should never be set by Hal!";
+    }
+
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_HEIC_AVAILABLE_HEIC_STALL_DURATIONS,
+                                            &entry);
+    if (0 == retcode || entry.count > 0) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "ANDROID_HEIC_AVAILABLE_HEIC_STALL_DURATIONS "
+                      << " per API contract should never be set by Hal!";
+    }
+
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_HEIC_INFO_SUPPORTED, &entry);
+    if (0 == retcode && entry.count > 0) {
+        retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+                metadata, ANDROID_HEIC_INFO_MAX_JPEG_APP_SEGMENTS_COUNT, &entry);
+        if (0 == retcode && entry.count > 0) {
+            uint8_t maxJpegAppSegmentsCount = entry.data.u8[0];
+            ASSERT_TRUE(maxJpegAppSegmentsCount >= 1 && maxJpegAppSegmentsCount <= 16);
+        } else {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "Get Heic maxJpegAppSegmentsCount failed!";
+        }
+    }
+
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_LENS_POSE_REFERENCE, &entry);
+    if (0 == retcode && entry.count > 0) {
+        uint8_t poseReference = entry.data.u8[0];
+        ASSERT_TRUE(poseReference <= ANDROID_LENS_POSE_REFERENCE_UNDEFINED &&
+                    poseReference >= ANDROID_LENS_POSE_REFERENCE_PRIMARY_CAMERA);
+    }
+
+    retcode =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_INFO_DEVICE_STATE_ORIENTATIONS, &entry);
+    if (0 == retcode && entry.count > 0) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE((entry.count % 2) == 0);
+        uint64_t maxPublicState = ((uint64_t)ICameraProvider::DEVICE_STATE_FOLDED) << 1;
+        uint64_t vendorStateStart = 1UL << 31;  // Reserved for vendor specific states
+        uint64_t stateMask = (1 << vendorStateStart) - 1;
+        stateMask &= ~((1 << maxPublicState) - 1);
+        for (int i = 0; i < entry.count; i += 2) {
+            ASSERT_TRUE((entry.data.i64[i] & stateMask) == 0);
+            ASSERT_TRUE((entry.data.i64[i + 1] % 90) == 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    verifyExtendedSceneModeCharacteristics(metadata);
+    verifyZoomCharacteristics(metadata);
+    verifyStreamUseCaseCharacteristics(metadata);
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyExtendedSceneModeCharacteristics(const camera_metadata_t* metadata) {
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int retcode = 0;
+
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_CONTROL_AVAILABLE_MODES, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        for (auto i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(entry.data.u8[i] >= ANDROID_CONTROL_MODE_OFF &&
+                        entry.data.u8[i] <= ANDROID_CONTROL_MODE_USE_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE);
+        }
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera controlAvailableModes failed!";
+    }
+
+    // Check key availability in capabilities, request and result.
+
+    retcode =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_REQUEST_KEYS, &entry);
+    bool hasExtendedSceneModeRequestKey = false;
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        hasExtendedSceneModeRequestKey =
+                std::find(entry.data.i32, entry.data.i32 + entry.count,
+                          ANDROID_CONTROL_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE) != entry.data.i32 + entry.count;
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera availableRequestKeys failed!";
+    }
+
+    retcode =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_RESULT_KEYS, &entry);
+    bool hasExtendedSceneModeResultKey = false;
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        hasExtendedSceneModeResultKey =
+                std::find(entry.data.i32, entry.data.i32 + entry.count,
+                          ANDROID_CONTROL_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE) != entry.data.i32 + entry.count;
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera availableResultKeys failed!";
+    }
+
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata,
+                                            ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CHARACTERISTICS_KEYS, &entry);
+    bool hasExtendedSceneModeMaxSizesKey = false;
+    bool hasExtendedSceneModeZoomRatioRangesKey = false;
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        hasExtendedSceneModeMaxSizesKey =
+                std::find(entry.data.i32, entry.data.i32 + entry.count,
+                          ANDROID_CONTROL_AVAILABLE_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE_MAX_SIZES) !=
+                entry.data.i32 + entry.count;
+        hasExtendedSceneModeZoomRatioRangesKey =
+                std::find(entry.data.i32, entry.data.i32 + entry.count,
+                          ANDROID_CONTROL_AVAILABLE_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE_ZOOM_RATIO_RANGES) !=
+                entry.data.i32 + entry.count;
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera availableCharacteristicsKeys failed!";
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry maxSizesEntry;
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_CONTROL_AVAILABLE_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE_MAX_SIZES, &maxSizesEntry);
+    bool hasExtendedSceneModeMaxSizes = (0 == retcode && maxSizesEntry.count > 0);
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry zoomRatioRangesEntry;
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_CONTROL_AVAILABLE_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE_ZOOM_RATIO_RANGES,
+            &zoomRatioRangesEntry);
+    bool hasExtendedSceneModeZoomRatioRanges = (0 == retcode && zoomRatioRangesEntry.count > 0);
+
+    // Extended scene mode keys must all be available, or all be unavailable.
+    bool noExtendedSceneMode =
+            !hasExtendedSceneModeRequestKey && !hasExtendedSceneModeResultKey &&
+            !hasExtendedSceneModeMaxSizesKey && !hasExtendedSceneModeZoomRatioRangesKey &&
+            !hasExtendedSceneModeMaxSizes && !hasExtendedSceneModeZoomRatioRanges;
+    if (noExtendedSceneMode) {
+        return;
+    }
+    bool hasExtendedSceneMode = hasExtendedSceneModeRequestKey && hasExtendedSceneModeResultKey &&
+                                hasExtendedSceneModeMaxSizesKey &&
+                                hasExtendedSceneModeZoomRatioRangesKey &&
+                                hasExtendedSceneModeMaxSizes && hasExtendedSceneModeZoomRatioRanges;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(hasExtendedSceneMode);
+
+    // Must have DISABLED, and must have one of BOKEH_STILL_CAPTURE, BOKEH_CONTINUOUS, or a VENDOR
+    // mode.
+    ASSERT_TRUE((maxSizesEntry.count == 6 && zoomRatioRangesEntry.count == 2) ||
+                (maxSizesEntry.count == 9 && zoomRatioRangesEntry.count == 4));
+    bool hasDisabledMode = false;
+    bool hasBokehStillCaptureMode = false;
+    bool hasBokehContinuousMode = false;
+    bool hasVendorMode = false;
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getAvailableOutputStreams(metadata, outputStreams));
+    for (int i = 0, j = 0; i < maxSizesEntry.count && j < zoomRatioRangesEntry.count; i += 3) {
+        int32_t mode = maxSizesEntry.data.i32[i];
+        int32_t maxWidth = maxSizesEntry.data.i32[i + 1];
+        int32_t maxHeight = maxSizesEntry.data.i32[i + 2];
+        switch (mode) {
+            case ANDROID_CONTROL_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE_DISABLED:
+                hasDisabledMode = true;
+                ASSERT_TRUE(maxWidth == 0 && maxHeight == 0);
+                break;
+            case ANDROID_CONTROL_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE_BOKEH_STILL_CAPTURE:
+                hasBokehStillCaptureMode = true;
+                j += 2;
+                break;
+            case ANDROID_CONTROL_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE_BOKEH_CONTINUOUS:
+                hasBokehContinuousMode = true;
+                j += 2;
+                break;
+            default:
+                if (mode < ANDROID_CONTROL_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE_VENDOR_START) {
+                    ADD_FAILURE() << "Invalid extended scene mode advertised: " << mode;
+                } else {
+                    hasVendorMode = true;
+                    j += 2;
+                }
+                break;
+        }
+
+        if (mode != ANDROID_CONTROL_EXTENDED_SCENE_MODE_DISABLED) {
+            // Make sure size is supported.
+            bool sizeSupported = false;
+            for (const auto& stream : outputStreams) {
+                if ((stream.format == static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888) ||
+                     stream.format == static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)) &&
+                    stream.width == maxWidth && stream.height == maxHeight) {
+                    sizeSupported = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            ASSERT_TRUE(sizeSupported);
+
+            // Make sure zoom range is valid
+            float minZoomRatio = zoomRatioRangesEntry.data.f[0];
+            float maxZoomRatio = zoomRatioRangesEntry.data.f[1];
+            ASSERT_GT(minZoomRatio, 0.0f);
+            ASSERT_LE(minZoomRatio, maxZoomRatio);
+        }
+    }
+    ASSERT_TRUE(hasDisabledMode);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(hasBokehStillCaptureMode || hasBokehContinuousMode || hasVendorMode);
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::getAvailableOutputStreams(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                                 std::vector<AvailableStream>& outputStreams,
+                                                 const AvailableStream* threshold,
+                                                 bool maxResolution) {
+    AvailableStream depthPreviewThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                             static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::Y16)};
+    if (nullptr == staticMeta) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+    int scalerTag = maxResolution
+                            ? ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION
+                            : ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS;
+    int depthTag = maxResolution
+                           ? ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DEPTH_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION
+                           : ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DEPTH_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS;
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry scalerEntry;
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry depthEntry;
+    int foundScaler = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, scalerTag, &scalerEntry);
+    int foundDepth = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, depthTag, &depthEntry);
+    if ((0 != foundScaler || (0 != (scalerEntry.count % 4))) &&
+        (0 != foundDepth || (0 != (depthEntry.count % 4)))) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    if (foundScaler == 0 && (0 == (scalerEntry.count % 4))) {
+        fillOutputStreams(&scalerEntry, outputStreams, threshold,
+                          ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_OUTPUT);
+    }
+
+    if (foundDepth == 0 && (0 == (depthEntry.count % 4))) {
+        fillOutputStreams(&depthEntry, outputStreams, &depthPreviewThreshold,
+                          ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DEPTH_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_OUTPUT);
+    }
+
+    return Status::OK;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::fillOutputStreams(camera_metadata_ro_entry_t* entry,
+                                       std::vector<AvailableStream>& outputStreams,
+                                       const AvailableStream* threshold,
+                                       const int32_t availableConfigOutputTag) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < entry->count; i += 4) {
+        if (availableConfigOutputTag == entry->data.i32[i + 3]) {
+            if (nullptr == threshold) {
+                AvailableStream s = {entry->data.i32[i + 1], entry->data.i32[i + 2],
+                                     entry->data.i32[i]};
+                outputStreams.push_back(s);
+            } else {
+                if ((threshold->format == entry->data.i32[i]) &&
+                    (threshold->width >= entry->data.i32[i + 1]) &&
+                    (threshold->height >= entry->data.i32[i + 2])) {
+                    AvailableStream s = {entry->data.i32[i + 1], entry->data.i32[i + 2],
+                                         threshold->format};
+                    outputStreams.push_back(s);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyZoomCharacteristics(const camera_metadata_t* metadata) {
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int retcode = 0;
+
+    // Check key availability in capabilities, request and result.
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_MAX_DIGITAL_ZOOM,
+                                            &entry);
+    float maxDigitalZoom = 1.0;
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count == 1)) {
+        maxDigitalZoom = entry.data.f[0];
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera scalerAvailableMaxDigitalZoom failed!";
+    }
+
+    retcode =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_REQUEST_KEYS, &entry);
+    bool hasZoomRequestKey = false;
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        hasZoomRequestKey = std::find(entry.data.i32, entry.data.i32 + entry.count,
+                                      ANDROID_CONTROL_ZOOM_RATIO) != entry.data.i32 + entry.count;
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera availableRequestKeys failed!";
+    }
+
+    retcode =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_RESULT_KEYS, &entry);
+    bool hasZoomResultKey = false;
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        hasZoomResultKey = std::find(entry.data.i32, entry.data.i32 + entry.count,
+                                     ANDROID_CONTROL_ZOOM_RATIO) != entry.data.i32 + entry.count;
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera availableResultKeys failed!";
+    }
+
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata,
+                                            ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CHARACTERISTICS_KEYS, &entry);
+    bool hasZoomCharacteristicsKey = false;
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        hasZoomCharacteristicsKey =
+                std::find(entry.data.i32, entry.data.i32 + entry.count,
+                          ANDROID_CONTROL_ZOOM_RATIO_RANGE) != entry.data.i32 + entry.count;
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera availableCharacteristicsKeys failed!";
+    }
+
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_CONTROL_ZOOM_RATIO_RANGE, &entry);
+    bool hasZoomRatioRange = (0 == retcode && entry.count == 2);
+
+    // Zoom keys must all be available, or all be unavailable.
+    bool noZoomRatio = !hasZoomRequestKey && !hasZoomResultKey && !hasZoomCharacteristicsKey &&
+                       !hasZoomRatioRange;
+    if (noZoomRatio) {
+        return;
+    }
+    bool hasZoomRatio =
+            hasZoomRequestKey && hasZoomResultKey && hasZoomCharacteristicsKey && hasZoomRatioRange;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(hasZoomRatio);
+
+    float minZoomRatio = entry.data.f[0];
+    float maxZoomRatio = entry.data.f[1];
+    constexpr float FLOATING_POINT_THRESHOLD = 0.00001f;
+    if (maxDigitalZoom > maxZoomRatio + FLOATING_POINT_THRESHOLD) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Maximum digital zoom " << maxDigitalZoom
+                      << " is larger than maximum zoom ratio " << maxZoomRatio << " + threshold "
+                      << FLOATING_POINT_THRESHOLD << "!";
+    }
+    if (minZoomRatio > maxZoomRatio) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Maximum zoom ratio is less than minimum zoom ratio!";
+    }
+    if (minZoomRatio > 1.0f) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Minimum zoom ratio is more than 1.0!";
+    }
+    if (maxZoomRatio < 1.0f) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Maximum zoom ratio is less than 1.0!";
+    }
+
+    // Make sure CROPPING_TYPE is CENTER_ONLY
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_SCALER_CROPPING_TYPE, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count == 1)) {
+        int8_t croppingType = entry.data.u8[0];
+        ASSERT_EQ(croppingType, ANDROID_SCALER_CROPPING_TYPE_CENTER_ONLY);
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera scalerCroppingType failed!";
+    }
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyMonochromeCharacteristics(const CameraMetadata& chars) {
+    const camera_metadata_t* metadata = (camera_metadata_t*)chars.metadata.data();
+    Status rc = isMonochromeCamera(metadata);
+    if (Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED == rc) {
+        return;
+    }
+    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    // Check capabilities
+    int retcode =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(std::find(entry.data.u8, entry.data.u8 + entry.count,
+                            ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_MANUAL_POST_PROCESSING),
+                  entry.data.u8 + entry.count);
+    }
+
+    // Check Cfa
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_SENSOR_INFO_COLOR_FILTER_ARRANGEMENT,
+                                            &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count == 1)) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(entry.data.i32[0] ==
+                            static_cast<int32_t>(
+                                    SensorInfoColorFilterArrangement::
+                                            ANDROID_SENSOR_INFO_COLOR_FILTER_ARRANGEMENT_MONO) ||
+                    entry.data.i32[0] ==
+                            static_cast<int32_t>(
+                                    SensorInfoColorFilterArrangement::
+                                            ANDROID_SENSOR_INFO_COLOR_FILTER_ARRANGEMENT_NIR));
+    }
+
+    // Check availableRequestKeys
+    retcode =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_REQUEST_KEYS, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_COLOR_CORRECTION_MODE);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_COLOR_CORRECTION_TRANSFORM);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_COLOR_CORRECTION_GAINS);
+        }
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera availableRequestKeys failed!";
+    }
+
+    // Check availableResultKeys
+    retcode =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_RESULT_KEYS, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_SENSOR_GREEN_SPLIT);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_SENSOR_NEUTRAL_COLOR_POINT);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_COLOR_CORRECTION_MODE);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_COLOR_CORRECTION_TRANSFORM);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_COLOR_CORRECTION_GAINS);
+        }
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera availableResultKeys failed!";
+    }
+
+    // Check availableCharacteristicKeys
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata,
+                                            ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CHARACTERISTICS_KEYS, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT1);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_SENSOR_REFERENCE_ILLUMINANT2);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_SENSOR_CALIBRATION_TRANSFORM1);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_SENSOR_CALIBRATION_TRANSFORM2);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_SENSOR_COLOR_TRANSFORM1);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_SENSOR_COLOR_TRANSFORM2);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_SENSOR_FORWARD_MATRIX1);
+            ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_SENSOR_FORWARD_MATRIX2);
+        }
+    } else {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera availableResultKeys failed!";
+    }
+
+    // Check blackLevelPattern
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_SENSOR_BLACK_LEVEL_PATTERN, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(entry.count, 4);
+        for (size_t i = 1; i < entry.count; i++) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(entry.data.i32[i], entry.data.i32[0]);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyRecommendedConfigs(const CameraMetadata& chars) {
+    size_t CONFIG_ENTRY_SIZE = 5;
+    size_t CONFIG_ENTRY_TYPE_OFFSET = 3;
+    size_t CONFIG_ENTRY_BITFIELD_OFFSET = 4;
+    uint32_t maxPublicUsecase =
+            ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_RECOMMENDED_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_PUBLIC_END_3_8;
+    uint32_t vendorUsecaseStart =
+            ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_RECOMMENDED_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_VENDOR_START;
+    uint32_t usecaseMask = (1 << vendorUsecaseStart) - 1;
+    usecaseMask &= ~((1 << maxPublicUsecase) - 1);
+
+    const camera_metadata_t* metadata =
+            reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(chars.metadata.data());
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry recommendedConfigsEntry, recommendedDepthConfigsEntry, ioMapEntry;
+    recommendedConfigsEntry.count = recommendedDepthConfigsEntry.count = ioMapEntry.count = 0;
+    int retCode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_RECOMMENDED_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS,
+            &recommendedConfigsEntry);
+    int depthRetCode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_RECOMMENDED_DEPTH_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS,
+            &recommendedDepthConfigsEntry);
+    int ioRetCode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_RECOMMENDED_INPUT_OUTPUT_FORMATS_MAP, &ioMapEntry);
+    if ((0 != retCode) && (0 != depthRetCode)) {
+        // In case both regular and depth recommended configurations are absent,
+        // I/O should be absent as well.
+        ASSERT_NE(ioRetCode, 0);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry availableKeysEntry;
+    retCode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CHARACTERISTICS_KEYS, &availableKeysEntry);
+    ASSERT_TRUE((0 == retCode) && (availableKeysEntry.count > 0));
+    std::vector<int32_t> availableKeys;
+    availableKeys.reserve(availableKeysEntry.count);
+    availableKeys.insert(availableKeys.end(), availableKeysEntry.data.i32,
+                         availableKeysEntry.data.i32 + availableKeysEntry.count);
+
+    if (recommendedConfigsEntry.count > 0) {
+        ASSERT_NE(std::find(availableKeys.begin(), availableKeys.end(),
+                            ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_RECOMMENDED_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS),
+                  availableKeys.end());
+        ASSERT_EQ((recommendedConfigsEntry.count % CONFIG_ENTRY_SIZE), 0);
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < recommendedConfigsEntry.count; i += CONFIG_ENTRY_SIZE) {
+            int32_t entryType = recommendedConfigsEntry.data.i32[i + CONFIG_ENTRY_TYPE_OFFSET];
+            uint32_t bitfield = recommendedConfigsEntry.data.i32[i + CONFIG_ENTRY_BITFIELD_OFFSET];
+            ASSERT_TRUE((entryType == ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_OUTPUT) ||
+                        (entryType == ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_INPUT));
+            ASSERT_TRUE((bitfield & usecaseMask) == 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (recommendedDepthConfigsEntry.count > 0) {
+        ASSERT_NE(std::find(availableKeys.begin(), availableKeys.end(),
+                            ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_RECOMMENDED_DEPTH_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS),
+                  availableKeys.end());
+        ASSERT_EQ((recommendedDepthConfigsEntry.count % CONFIG_ENTRY_SIZE), 0);
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < recommendedDepthConfigsEntry.count; i += CONFIG_ENTRY_SIZE) {
+            int32_t entryType = recommendedDepthConfigsEntry.data.i32[i + CONFIG_ENTRY_TYPE_OFFSET];
+            uint32_t bitfield =
+                    recommendedDepthConfigsEntry.data.i32[i + CONFIG_ENTRY_BITFIELD_OFFSET];
+            ASSERT_TRUE((entryType == ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_OUTPUT) ||
+                        (entryType == ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_INPUT));
+            ASSERT_TRUE((bitfield & usecaseMask) == 0);
+        }
+
+        if (recommendedConfigsEntry.count == 0) {
+            // In case regular recommended configurations are absent but suggested depth
+            // configurations are present, I/O should be absent.
+            ASSERT_NE(ioRetCode, 0);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ((ioRetCode == 0) && (ioMapEntry.count > 0)) {
+        ASSERT_NE(std::find(availableKeys.begin(), availableKeys.end(),
+                            ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_RECOMMENDED_INPUT_OUTPUT_FORMATS_MAP),
+                  availableKeys.end());
+        ASSERT_EQ(isZSLModeAvailable(metadata), Status::OK);
+    }
+}
+
+// Check whether ZSL is available using the static camera
+// characteristics.
+Status CameraAidlTest::isZSLModeAvailable(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta) {
+    if (Status::OK == isZSLModeAvailable(staticMeta, PRIV_REPROCESS)) {
+        return Status::OK;
+    } else {
+        return isZSLModeAvailable(staticMeta, YUV_REPROCESS);
+    }
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::isZSLModeAvailable(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                          ReprocessType reprocType) {
+    Status ret = Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    if (nullptr == staticMeta) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES,
+                                           &entry);
+    if (0 != rc) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+        if ((reprocType == PRIV_REPROCESS &&
+             ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_PRIVATE_REPROCESSING == entry.data.u8[i]) ||
+            (reprocType == YUV_REPROCESS &&
+             ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_YUV_REPROCESSING == entry.data.u8[i])) {
+            ret = Status::OK;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+// Verify logical or ultra high resolution camera static metadata
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyLogicalOrUltraHighResCameraMetadata(
+        const std::string& cameraName, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice>& device,
+        const CameraMetadata& chars, const std::vector<std::string>& deviceNames) {
+    const camera_metadata_t* metadata =
+            reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(chars.metadata.data());
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, metadata);
+    SystemCameraKind systemCameraKind = SystemCameraKind::PUBLIC;
+    Status retStatus = getSystemCameraKind(metadata, &systemCameraKind);
+    ASSERT_EQ(retStatus, Status::OK);
+    Status rc = isLogicalMultiCamera(metadata);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(Status::OK == rc || Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED == rc);
+    bool isMultiCamera = (Status::OK == rc);
+    bool isUltraHighResCamera = isUltraHighResolution(metadata);
+    if (!isMultiCamera && !isUltraHighResCamera) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_CONTROL_ZOOM_RATIO_RANGE, &entry);
+    bool hasZoomRatioRange = (0 == retcode && entry.count == 2);
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_BUFFER_MANAGEMENT_VERSION, &entry);
+    bool hasHalBufferManager =
+            (0 == retcode && 1 == entry.count &&
+             entry.data.i32[0] == ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_BUFFER_MANAGEMENT_VERSION_HIDL_DEVICE_3_5);
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            metadata, ANDROID_SCALER_MULTI_RESOLUTION_STREAM_SUPPORTED, &entry);
+    bool multiResolutionStreamSupported =
+            (0 == retcode && 1 == entry.count &&
+             entry.data.u8[0] == ANDROID_SCALER_MULTI_RESOLUTION_STREAM_SUPPORTED_TRUE);
+    if (multiResolutionStreamSupported) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(hasHalBufferManager);
+    }
+
+    std::string version, cameraId;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(::matchDeviceName(cameraName, mProviderType, &version, &cameraId));
+    std::unordered_set<std::string> physicalIds;
+    rc = getPhysicalCameraIds(metadata, &physicalIds);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(isUltraHighResCamera || Status::OK == rc);
+    for (const auto& physicalId : physicalIds) {
+        ASSERT_NE(physicalId, cameraId);
+    }
+    if (physicalIds.size() == 0) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(isUltraHighResCamera && !isMultiCamera);
+        physicalIds.insert(cameraId);
+    }
+
+    std::unordered_set<int32_t> physicalRequestKeyIDs;
+    rc = getSupportedKeys(const_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(metadata),
+                          ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_PHYSICAL_CAMERA_REQUEST_KEYS,
+                          &physicalRequestKeyIDs);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(Status::OK == rc);
+    bool hasTestPatternPhysicalRequestKey =
+            physicalRequestKeyIDs.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE) !=
+            physicalRequestKeyIDs.end();
+    std::unordered_set<int32_t> privacyTestPatternModes;
+    getPrivacyTestPatternModes(metadata, &privacyTestPatternModes);
+
+    // Map from image format to number of multi-resolution sizes for that format
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, size_t> multiResOutputFormatCounterMap;
+    std::unordered_map<int32_t, size_t> multiResInputFormatCounterMap;
+    for (const auto& physicalId : physicalIds) {
+        bool isPublicId = false;
+        std::string fullPublicId;
+        SystemCameraKind physSystemCameraKind = SystemCameraKind::PUBLIC;
+        for (auto& deviceName : deviceNames) {
+            std::string publicVersion, publicId;
+            ASSERT_TRUE(::matchDeviceName(deviceName, mProviderType, &publicVersion, &publicId));
+            if (physicalId == publicId) {
+                isPublicId = true;
+                fullPublicId = deviceName;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        camera_metadata_ro_entry physicalMultiResStreamConfigs;
+        camera_metadata_ro_entry physicalStreamConfigs;
+        camera_metadata_ro_entry physicalMaxResolutionStreamConfigs;
+        bool isUltraHighRes = false;
+        std::unordered_set<int32_t> subCameraPrivacyTestPatterns;
+        if (isPublicId) {
+            std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> subDevice;
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface(fullPublicId, &subDevice);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            ASSERT_NE(subDevice, nullptr);
+
+            CameraMetadata subDeviceChars;
+            ret = subDevice->getCameraCharacteristics(&subDeviceChars);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+            const camera_metadata_t* staticMetadata =
+                    reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(subDeviceChars.metadata.data());
+            retStatus = getSystemCameraKind(staticMetadata, &physSystemCameraKind);
+            ASSERT_EQ(retStatus, Status::OK);
+
+            // Make sure that the system camera kind of a non-hidden
+            // physical cameras is the same as the logical camera associated
+            // with it.
+            ASSERT_EQ(physSystemCameraKind, systemCameraKind);
+            retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMetadata,
+                                                    ANDROID_CONTROL_ZOOM_RATIO_RANGE, &entry);
+            bool subCameraHasZoomRatioRange = (0 == retcode && entry.count == 2);
+            ASSERT_EQ(hasZoomRatioRange, subCameraHasZoomRatioRange);
+
+            getMultiResolutionStreamConfigurations(
+                    &physicalMultiResStreamConfigs, &physicalStreamConfigs,
+                    &physicalMaxResolutionStreamConfigs, staticMetadata);
+            isUltraHighRes = isUltraHighResolution(staticMetadata);
+
+            getPrivacyTestPatternModes(staticMetadata, &subCameraPrivacyTestPatterns);
+        } else {
+            // Check camera characteristics for hidden camera id
+            CameraMetadata physChars;
+            ndk::ScopedAStatus ret =
+                    device->getPhysicalCameraCharacteristics(physicalId, &physChars);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            verifyCameraCharacteristics(physChars);
+            verifyMonochromeCharacteristics(physChars);
+
+            auto staticMetadata = (const camera_metadata_t*)physChars.metadata.data();
+            retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMetadata,
+                                                    ANDROID_CONTROL_ZOOM_RATIO_RANGE, &entry);
+            bool subCameraHasZoomRatioRange = (0 == retcode && entry.count == 2);
+            ASSERT_EQ(hasZoomRatioRange, subCameraHasZoomRatioRange);
+
+            getMultiResolutionStreamConfigurations(
+                    &physicalMultiResStreamConfigs, &physicalStreamConfigs,
+                    &physicalMaxResolutionStreamConfigs, staticMetadata);
+            isUltraHighRes = isUltraHighResolution(staticMetadata);
+            getPrivacyTestPatternModes(staticMetadata, &subCameraPrivacyTestPatterns);
+
+            // Check calling getCameraDeviceInterface_V3_x() on hidden camera id returns
+            // ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT.
+            std::stringstream s;
+            s << "device@" << version << "/" << mProviderType << "/" << physicalId;
+            std::string fullPhysicalId(s.str());
+            std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> subDevice;
+            ret = mProvider->getCameraDeviceInterface(fullPhysicalId, &subDevice);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(static_cast<int32_t>(Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT) ==
+                        ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+            ASSERT_EQ(subDevice, nullptr);
+        }
+
+        if (hasTestPatternPhysicalRequestKey) {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(privacyTestPatternModes == subCameraPrivacyTestPatterns);
+        }
+
+        if (physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.count > 0) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.count % 4, 0);
+
+            // Each supported size must be max size for that format,
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.count / 4; i++) {
+                int32_t multiResFormat = physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.data.i32[i * 4];
+                int32_t multiResWidth = physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.data.i32[i * 4 + 1];
+                int32_t multiResHeight = physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.data.i32[i * 4 + 2];
+                int32_t multiResInput = physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.data.i32[i * 4 + 3];
+
+                // Check if the resolution is the max resolution in stream
+                // configuration map
+                bool supported = false;
+                bool isMaxSize = true;
+                for (size_t j = 0; j < physicalStreamConfigs.count / 4; j++) {
+                    int32_t format = physicalStreamConfigs.data.i32[j * 4];
+                    int32_t width = physicalStreamConfigs.data.i32[j * 4 + 1];
+                    int32_t height = physicalStreamConfigs.data.i32[j * 4 + 2];
+                    int32_t input = physicalStreamConfigs.data.i32[j * 4 + 3];
+                    if (format == multiResFormat && input == multiResInput) {
+                        if (width == multiResWidth && height == multiResHeight) {
+                            supported = true;
+                        } else if (width * height > multiResWidth * multiResHeight) {
+                            isMaxSize = false;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                // Check if the resolution is the max resolution in max
+                // resolution stream configuration map
+                bool supportedUltraHighRes = false;
+                bool isUltraHighResMaxSize = true;
+                for (size_t j = 0; j < physicalMaxResolutionStreamConfigs.count / 4; j++) {
+                    int32_t format = physicalMaxResolutionStreamConfigs.data.i32[j * 4];
+                    int32_t width = physicalMaxResolutionStreamConfigs.data.i32[j * 4 + 1];
+                    int32_t height = physicalMaxResolutionStreamConfigs.data.i32[j * 4 + 2];
+                    int32_t input = physicalMaxResolutionStreamConfigs.data.i32[j * 4 + 3];
+                    if (format == multiResFormat && input == multiResInput) {
+                        if (width == multiResWidth && height == multiResHeight) {
+                            supportedUltraHighRes = true;
+                        } else if (width * height > multiResWidth * multiResHeight) {
+                            isUltraHighResMaxSize = false;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (isUltraHighRes) {
+                    // For ultra high resolution camera, the configuration must
+                    // be the maximum size in stream configuration map, or max
+                    // resolution stream configuration map
+                    ASSERT_TRUE((supported && isMaxSize) ||
+                                (supportedUltraHighRes && isUltraHighResMaxSize));
+                } else {
+                    // The configuration must be the maximum size in stream
+                    // configuration map
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(supported && isMaxSize);
+                    ASSERT_FALSE(supportedUltraHighRes);
+                }
+
+                // Increment the counter for the configuration's format.
+                auto& formatCounterMap = multiResInput ? multiResInputFormatCounterMap
+                                                       : multiResOutputFormatCounterMap;
+                if (formatCounterMap.count(multiResFormat) == 0) {
+                    formatCounterMap[multiResFormat] = 1;
+                } else {
+                    formatCounterMap[multiResFormat]++;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // There must be no duplicates
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.count / 4 - 1; i++) {
+                for (size_t j = i + 1; j < physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.count / 4; j++) {
+                    // Input/output doesn't match
+                    if (physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.data.i32[i * 4 + 3] !=
+                        physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.data.i32[j * 4 + 3]) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    // Format doesn't match
+                    if (physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.data.i32[i * 4] !=
+                        physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.data.i32[j * 4]) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    // Width doesn't match
+                    if (physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.data.i32[i * 4 + 1] !=
+                        physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.data.i32[j * 4 + 1]) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    // Height doesn't match
+                    if (physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.data.i32[i * 4 + 2] !=
+                        physicalMultiResStreamConfigs.data.i32[j * 4 + 2]) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    // input/output, format, width, and height all match
+                    ADD_FAILURE();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // If a multi-resolution stream is supported, there must be at least one
+    // format with more than one resolutions
+    if (multiResolutionStreamSupported) {
+        size_t numMultiResFormats = 0;
+        for (const auto& [format, sizeCount] : multiResOutputFormatCounterMap) {
+            if (sizeCount >= 2) {
+                numMultiResFormats++;
+            }
+        }
+        for (const auto& [format, sizeCount] : multiResInputFormatCounterMap) {
+            if (sizeCount >= 2) {
+                numMultiResFormats++;
+
+                // If multi-resolution reprocessing is supported, the logical
+                // camera or ultra-high resolution sensor camera must support
+                // the corresponding reprocessing capability.
+                if (format == static_cast<uint32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)) {
+                    ASSERT_EQ(isZSLModeAvailable(metadata, PRIV_REPROCESS), Status::OK);
+                } else if (format == static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888)) {
+                    ASSERT_EQ(isZSLModeAvailable(metadata, YUV_REPROCESS), Status::OK);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        ASSERT_GT(numMultiResFormats, 0);
+    }
+
+    // Make sure ANDROID_LOGICAL_MULTI_CAMERA_ACTIVE_PHYSICAL_ID is available in
+    // result keys.
+    if (isMultiCamera) {
+        retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_RESULT_KEYS,
+                                                &entry);
+        if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+            ASSERT_NE(std::find(entry.data.i32, entry.data.i32 + entry.count,
+                                static_cast<int32_t>(
+                                        CameraMetadataTag::
+                                                ANDROID_LOGICAL_MULTI_CAMERA_ACTIVE_PHYSICAL_ID)),
+                      entry.data.i32 + entry.count);
+        } else {
+            ADD_FAILURE() << "Get camera availableResultKeys failed!";
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool CameraAidlTest::isUltraHighResolution(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta) {
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry scalerEntry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES,
+                                           &scalerEntry);
+    if (rc == 0) {
+        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < scalerEntry.count; i++) {
+            if (scalerEntry.data.u8[i] ==
+                ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_ULTRA_HIGH_RESOLUTION_SENSOR) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::getSupportedKeys(camera_metadata_t* staticMeta, uint32_t tagId,
+                                        std::unordered_set<int32_t>* requestIDs) {
+    if ((nullptr == staticMeta) || (nullptr == requestIDs)) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, tagId, &entry);
+    if ((0 != rc) || (entry.count == 0)) {
+        return Status::OK;
+    }
+
+    requestIDs->insert(entry.data.i32, entry.data.i32 + entry.count);
+
+    return Status::OK;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::getPrivacyTestPatternModes(
+        const camera_metadata_t* staticMetadata,
+        std::unordered_set<int32_t>* privacyTestPatternModes) {
+    ASSERT_NE(staticMetadata, nullptr);
+    ASSERT_NE(privacyTestPatternModes, nullptr);
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            staticMetadata, ANDROID_SENSOR_AVAILABLE_TEST_PATTERN_MODES, &entry);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(0 == retcode);
+
+    for (auto i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+        if (entry.data.i32[i] == ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_SOLID_COLOR ||
+            entry.data.i32[i] == ANDROID_SENSOR_TEST_PATTERN_MODE_BLACK) {
+            privacyTestPatternModes->insert(entry.data.i32[i]);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::getMultiResolutionStreamConfigurations(
+        camera_metadata_ro_entry* multiResStreamConfigs, camera_metadata_ro_entry* streamConfigs,
+        camera_metadata_ro_entry* maxResolutionStreamConfigs,
+        const camera_metadata_t* staticMetadata) {
+    ASSERT_NE(multiResStreamConfigs, nullptr);
+    ASSERT_NE(streamConfigs, nullptr);
+    ASSERT_NE(maxResolutionStreamConfigs, nullptr);
+    ASSERT_NE(staticMetadata, nullptr);
+
+    int retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            staticMetadata, ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS, streamConfigs);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(0 == retcode);
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            staticMetadata, ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION,
+            maxResolutionStreamConfigs);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(-ENOENT == retcode || 0 == retcode);
+    retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            staticMetadata, ANDROID_SCALER_PHYSICAL_CAMERA_MULTI_RESOLUTION_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS,
+            multiResStreamConfigs);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(-ENOENT == retcode || 0 == retcode);
+}
+
+bool CameraAidlTest::isTorchSupported(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta) {
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry torchEntry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_FLASH_INFO_AVAILABLE, &torchEntry);
+    if (rc != 0) {
+        ALOGI("isTorchSupported: Failed to find entry for ANDROID_FLASH_INFO_AVAILABLE");
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (torchEntry.count == 1 && !torchEntry.data.u8[0]) {
+        ALOGI("isTorchSupported: Torch not supported");
+        return false;
+    }
+    ALOGI("isTorchSupported: Torch supported");
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool CameraAidlTest::isTorchStrengthControlSupported(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta) {
+    int32_t maxLevel = 0;
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry maxEntry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_FLASH_INFO_STRENGTH_MAXIMUM_LEVEL,
+                                           &maxEntry);
+    if (rc != 0) {
+        ALOGI("isTorchStrengthControlSupported: Failed to find entry for "
+              "ANDROID_FLASH_INFO_STRENGTH_MAXIMUM_LEVEL");
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    maxLevel = *maxEntry.data.i32;
+    if (maxLevel > 1) {
+        ALOGI("isTorchStrengthControlSupported: Torch strength control supported.");
+        return true;
+    }
+    ALOGI("isTorchStrengthControlSupported: Torch strength control not supported.");
+    return false;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyRequestTemplate(const camera_metadata_t* metadata,
+                                           RequestTemplate requestTemplate) {
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, metadata);
+    size_t entryCount = get_camera_metadata_entry_count(metadata);
+    ALOGI("template %u metadata entry count is %zu", (int32_t)requestTemplate, entryCount);
+    // TODO: we can do better than 0 here. Need to check how many required
+    // request keys we've defined for each template
+    ASSERT_GT(entryCount, 0u);
+
+    // Check zoomRatio
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry zoomRatioEntry;
+    int foundZoomRatio =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(metadata, ANDROID_CONTROL_ZOOM_RATIO, &zoomRatioEntry);
+    if (foundZoomRatio == 0) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(zoomRatioEntry.count, 1);
+        ASSERT_EQ(zoomRatioEntry.data.f[0], 1.0f);
+    }
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::openEmptyDeviceSession(const std::string& name,
+                                            std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider> provider,
+                                            std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session,
+                                            CameraMetadata* staticMeta,
+                                            std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice>* device) {
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, staticMeta);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device);
+
+    ALOGI("configureStreams: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = provider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, device);
+    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+
+    std::shared_ptr<EmptyDeviceCb> cb = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<EmptyDeviceCb>();
+    ret = (*device)->open(cb, session);
+    ALOGI("device::open returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(*session, nullptr);
+
+    ret = (*device)->getCameraCharacteristics(staticMeta);
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::openEmptyInjectionSession(const std::string& name,
+                                               const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+                                               std::shared_ptr<ICameraInjectionSession>* session,
+                                               CameraMetadata* metadata,
+                                               std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice>* device) {
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, metadata);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device);
+
+    ALOGI("openEmptyInjectionSession: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = provider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, device);
+    ALOGI("openEmptyInjectionSession: getCameraDeviceInterface returns status:%d:%d",
+          ret.getExceptionCode(), ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(*device, nullptr);
+
+    std::shared_ptr<EmptyDeviceCb> cb = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<EmptyDeviceCb>();
+    ret = (*device)->openInjectionSession(cb, session);
+    ALOGI("device::openInjectionSession returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+    if (static_cast<Status>(ret.getServiceSpecificError()) == Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED &&
+        *session == nullptr) {
+        return;  // Injection Session not supported. Callee will receive nullptr in *session
+    }
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(*session, nullptr);
+
+    ret = (*device)->getCameraCharacteristics(metadata);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::getJpegBufferSize(camera_metadata_t* staticMeta, int32_t* outBufSize) {
+    if (nullptr == staticMeta || nullptr == outBufSize) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_JPEG_MAX_SIZE, &entry);
+    if ((0 != rc) || (1 != entry.count)) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    *outBufSize = entry.data.i32[0];
+    return Status::OK;
+}
+
+Dataspace CameraAidlTest::getDataspace(PixelFormat format) {
+    switch (format) {
+        case PixelFormat::BLOB:
+            return Dataspace::JFIF;
+        case PixelFormat::Y16:
+            return Dataspace::DEPTH;
+        case PixelFormat::RAW16:
+        case PixelFormat::RAW_OPAQUE:
+        case PixelFormat::RAW10:
+        case PixelFormat::RAW12:
+            return Dataspace::ARBITRARY;
+        default:
+            return Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+    }
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::createStreamConfiguration(std::vector<Stream>& streams,
+                                               StreamConfigurationMode configMode,
+                                               StreamConfiguration* config,
+                                               int32_t jpegBufferSize) {
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, config);
+
+    for (auto& stream : streams) {
+        stream.bufferSize =
+                (stream.format == PixelFormat::BLOB && stream.dataSpace == Dataspace::JFIF)
+                        ? jpegBufferSize
+                        : 0;
+    }
+
+    // Caller is responsible to fill in non-zero config->streamConfigCounter after this returns
+    config->streams = streams;
+    config->operationMode = configMode;
+    config->multiResolutionInputImage = false;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyStreamCombination(const std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice>& device,
+                                             const StreamConfiguration& config, bool expectedStatus,
+                                             bool expectStreamCombQuery) {
+    if (device != nullptr) {
+        bool streamCombinationSupported;
+        ScopedAStatus ret =
+                device->isStreamCombinationSupported(config, &streamCombinationSupported);
+        // TODO: Check is unsupported operation is correct.
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk() ||
+                    (expectStreamCombQuery && ret.getExceptionCode() == EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION));
+        if (ret.isOk()) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(expectedStatus, streamCombinationSupported);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+std::vector<ConcurrentCameraIdCombination> CameraAidlTest::getConcurrentDeviceCombinations(
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider) {
+    std::vector<ConcurrentCameraIdCombination> combinations;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = provider->getConcurrentCameraIds(&combinations);
+    if (!ret.isOk()) {
+        ADD_FAILURE();
+    }
+
+    return combinations;
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::getMandatoryConcurrentStreams(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                                     std::vector<AvailableStream>* outputStreams) {
+    if (nullptr == staticMeta || nullptr == outputStreams) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    if (isDepthOnly(staticMeta)) {
+        Size y16MaxSize(640, 480);
+        Size maxAvailableY16Size;
+        getMaxOutputSizeForFormat(staticMeta, PixelFormat::Y16, &maxAvailableY16Size);
+        Size y16ChosenSize = getMinSize(y16MaxSize, maxAvailableY16Size);
+        AvailableStream y16Stream = {.width = y16ChosenSize.width,
+                                     .height = y16ChosenSize.height,
+                                     .format = static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::Y16)};
+        outputStreams->push_back(y16Stream);
+        return Status::OK;
+    }
+
+    Size yuvMaxSize(1280, 720);
+    Size jpegMaxSize(1920, 1440);
+    Size maxAvailableYuvSize;
+    Size maxAvailableJpegSize;
+    getMaxOutputSizeForFormat(staticMeta, PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888, &maxAvailableYuvSize);
+    getMaxOutputSizeForFormat(staticMeta, PixelFormat::BLOB, &maxAvailableJpegSize);
+    Size yuvChosenSize = getMinSize(yuvMaxSize, maxAvailableYuvSize);
+    Size jpegChosenSize = getMinSize(jpegMaxSize, maxAvailableJpegSize);
+
+    AvailableStream yuvStream = {.width = yuvChosenSize.width,
+                                 .height = yuvChosenSize.height,
+                                 .format = static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888)};
+
+    AvailableStream jpegStream = {.width = jpegChosenSize.width,
+                                  .height = jpegChosenSize.height,
+                                  .format = static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::BLOB)};
+    outputStreams->push_back(yuvStream);
+    outputStreams->push_back(jpegStream);
+
+    return Status::OK;
+}
+
+bool CameraAidlTest::isDepthOnly(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta) {
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry scalerEntry;
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry depthEntry;
+
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES,
+                                           &scalerEntry);
+    if (rc == 0) {
+        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < scalerEntry.count; i++) {
+            if (scalerEntry.data.u8[i] ==
+                ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_BACKWARD_COMPATIBLE) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < scalerEntry.count; i++) {
+        if (scalerEntry.data.u8[i] == ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_DEPTH_OUTPUT) {
+            rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+                    staticMeta, ANDROID_DEPTH_AVAILABLE_DEPTH_STREAM_CONFIGURATIONS, &depthEntry);
+            size_t idx = 0;
+            if (rc == 0 && depthEntry.data.i32[idx] == static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::Y16)) {
+                // only Depth16 format is supported now
+                return true;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return false;
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::getMaxOutputSizeForFormat(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                                 PixelFormat format, Size* size,
+                                                 bool maxResolution) {
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+    if (size == nullptr ||
+        getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputStreams,
+                                  /*threshold*/ nullptr, maxResolution) != Status::OK) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+    Size maxSize;
+    bool found = false;
+    for (auto& outputStream : outputStreams) {
+        if (static_cast<int32_t>(format) == outputStream.format &&
+            (outputStream.width * outputStream.height > maxSize.width * maxSize.height)) {
+            maxSize.width = outputStream.width;
+            maxSize.height = outputStream.height;
+            found = true;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!found) {
+        ALOGE("%s :chosen format %d not found", __FUNCTION__, static_cast<int32_t>(format));
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+    *size = maxSize;
+    return Status::OK;
+}
+
+Size CameraAidlTest::getMinSize(Size a, Size b) {
+    if (a.width * a.height < b.width * b.height) {
+        return a;
+    }
+    return b;
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::getZSLInputOutputMap(camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                            std::vector<AvailableZSLInputOutput>& inputOutputMap) {
+    if (nullptr == staticMeta) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            staticMeta, ANDROID_SCALER_AVAILABLE_INPUT_OUTPUT_FORMATS_MAP, &entry);
+    if ((0 != rc) || (0 >= entry.count)) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    const int32_t* contents = &entry.data.i32[0];
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count;) {
+        int32_t inputFormat = contents[i++];
+        int32_t length = contents[i++];
+        for (int32_t j = 0; j < length; j++) {
+            int32_t outputFormat = contents[i + j];
+            AvailableZSLInputOutput zslEntry = {inputFormat, outputFormat};
+            inputOutputMap.push_back(zslEntry);
+        }
+        i += length;
+    }
+
+    return Status::OK;
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::findLargestSize(const std::vector<AvailableStream>& streamSizes,
+                                       int32_t format, AvailableStream& result) {
+    result = {0, 0, 0};
+    for (auto& iter : streamSizes) {
+        if (format == iter.format) {
+            if ((result.width * result.height) < (iter.width * iter.height)) {
+                result = iter;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return (result.format == format) ? Status::OK : Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::constructFilteredSettings(
+        const std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>& session,
+        const std::unordered_set<int32_t>& availableKeys, RequestTemplate reqTemplate,
+        android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata* defaultSettings,
+        android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata* filteredSettings) {
+    ASSERT_NE(defaultSettings, nullptr);
+    ASSERT_NE(filteredSettings, nullptr);
+
+    CameraMetadata req;
+    auto ret = session->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate, &req);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+    const camera_metadata_t* metadata =
+            clone_camera_metadata(reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(req.metadata.data()));
+    size_t expectedSize = req.metadata.size();
+    int result = validate_camera_metadata_structure(metadata, &expectedSize);
+    ASSERT_TRUE((result == 0) || (result == CAMERA_METADATA_VALIDATION_SHIFTED));
+
+    size_t entryCount = get_camera_metadata_entry_count(metadata);
+    ASSERT_GT(entryCount, 0u);
+    *defaultSettings = metadata;
+
+    const android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata& constSettings =
+            *defaultSettings;
+    for (const auto& keyIt : availableKeys) {
+        camera_metadata_ro_entry entry = constSettings.find(keyIt);
+        if (entry.count > 0) {
+            filteredSettings->update(entry);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifySessionReconfigurationQuery(
+        const std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>& session, camera_metadata* oldSessionParams,
+        camera_metadata* newSessionParams) {
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, oldSessionParams);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, newSessionParams);
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> oldParams =
+            std::vector(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(oldSessionParams),
+                        reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(oldSessionParams) +
+                                get_camera_metadata_size(oldSessionParams));
+    CameraMetadata oldMetadata = {oldParams};
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> newParams =
+            std::vector(reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(newSessionParams),
+                        reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(newSessionParams) +
+                                get_camera_metadata_size(newSessionParams));
+    CameraMetadata newMetadata = {newParams};
+
+    bool reconfigReq;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus ret =
+            session->isReconfigurationRequired(oldMetadata, newMetadata, &reconfigReq);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk() || static_cast<Status>(ret.getServiceSpecificError()) ==
+                                      Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED);
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::isConstrainedModeAvailable(camera_metadata_t* staticMeta) {
+    Status ret = Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    if (nullptr == staticMeta) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES,
+                                           &entry);
+    if (0 != rc) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+        if (ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_CONSTRAINED_HIGH_SPEED_VIDEO ==
+            entry.data.u8[i]) {
+            ret = Status::OK;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::pickConstrainedModeSize(camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                               AvailableStream& hfrStream) {
+    if (nullptr == staticMeta) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            staticMeta, ANDROID_CONTROL_AVAILABLE_HIGH_SPEED_VIDEO_CONFIGURATIONS, &entry);
+    if (0 != rc) {
+        return Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    } else if (0 != (entry.count % 5)) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    hfrStream = {0, 0, static_cast<uint32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i += 5) {
+        int32_t w = entry.data.i32[i];
+        int32_t h = entry.data.i32[i + 1];
+        if ((hfrStream.width * hfrStream.height) < (w * h)) {
+            hfrStream.width = w;
+            hfrStream.height = h;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return Status::OK;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::processCaptureRequestInternal(uint64_t bufferUsage,
+                                                   RequestTemplate reqTemplate,
+                                                   bool useSecureOnlyCameras) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames =
+            getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider, useSecureOnlyCameras);
+    AvailableStream streamThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                       static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+    int64_t bufferId = 1;
+    int32_t frameNumber = 1;
+    CameraMetadata settings;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        Stream testStream;
+        std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+        std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
+        bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+        bool useHalBufManager = false;
+        int32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+        configureSingleStream(name, mProvider, &streamThreshold, bufferUsage, reqTemplate,
+                              &session /*out*/, &testStream /*out*/, &halStreams /*out*/,
+                              &supportsPartialResults /*out*/, &partialResultCount /*out*/,
+                              &useHalBufManager /*out*/, &cb /*out*/);
+
+        ASSERT_NE(session, nullptr);
+        ASSERT_NE(cb, nullptr);
+        ASSERT_FALSE(halStreams.empty());
+
+        std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> resultQueue;
+        ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::MQDescriptor<
+                int8_t, aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
+                descriptor;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = session->getCaptureResultMetadataQueue(&descriptor);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        resultQueue = std::make_shared<ResultMetadataQueue>(descriptor);
+        if (!resultQueue->isValid() || resultQueue->availableToWrite() <= 0) {
+            ALOGE("%s: HAL returns empty result metadata fmq,"
+                  " not use it",
+                  __func__);
+            resultQueue = nullptr;
+            // Don't use the queue onwards.
+        }
+
+        std::shared_ptr<InFlightRequest> inflightReq = std::make_shared<InFlightRequest>(
+                1, false, supportsPartialResults, partialResultCount, resultQueue);
+
+        CameraMetadata req;
+        ret = session->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate, &req);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        settings = req;
+
+        overrideRotateAndCrop(&settings);
+
+        std::vector<CaptureRequest> requests(1);
+        CaptureRequest& request = requests[0];
+        request.frameNumber = frameNumber;
+        request.fmqSettingsSize = 0;
+        request.settings = settings;
+
+        std::vector<StreamBuffer>& outputBuffers = request.outputBuffers;
+        outputBuffers.resize(1);
+        StreamBuffer& outputBuffer = outputBuffers[0];
+        if (useHalBufManager) {
+            outputBuffer = {halStreams[0].id,
+                            /*bufferId*/ 0,   NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::OK,
+                            NativeHandle(),   NativeHandle()};
+        } else {
+            buffer_handle_t handle;
+            allocateGraphicBuffer(
+                    testStream.width, testStream.height,
+                    /* We don't look at halStreamConfig.streams[0].consumerUsage
+                     * since that is 0 for output streams
+                     */
+                    android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                            static_cast<uint64_t>(halStreams[0].producerUsage), bufferUsage),
+                    halStreams[0].overrideFormat, &handle);
+
+            outputBuffer = {halStreams[0].id, bufferId,       ::android::makeToAidl(handle),
+                            BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+        }
+        request.inputBuffer = {-1,
+                               0,
+                               NativeHandle(),
+                               BufferStatus::ERROR,
+                               NativeHandle(),
+                               NativeHandle()};  // Empty Input Buffer
+
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            mInflightMap.clear();
+            mInflightMap.insert(std::make_pair(frameNumber, inflightReq));
+        }
+
+        int32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+        std::vector<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+        ret = session->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+        ALOGI("processCaptureRequestInternal: processCaptureRequest returns status: %d:%d",
+              ret.getExceptionCode(), ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            while (!inflightReq->errorCodeValid &&
+                   ((0 < inflightReq->numBuffersLeft) || (!inflightReq->haveResultMetadata))) {
+                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                               std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+            }
+
+            ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReq->errorCodeValid);
+            ASSERT_NE(inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+            ASSERT_EQ(testStream.id, inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers[0].buffer.streamId);
+
+            // shutterReadoutTimestamp must be available, and it must
+            // be >= shutterTimestamp + exposureTime,
+            // and < shutterTimestamp + exposureTime + rollingShutterSkew / 2.
+            ASSERT_TRUE(inflightReq->shutterReadoutTimestampValid);
+            ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReq->collectedResult.isEmpty());
+
+            if (inflightReq->collectedResult.exists(ANDROID_SENSOR_EXPOSURE_TIME)) {
+                camera_metadata_entry_t exposureTimeResult =
+                        inflightReq->collectedResult.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_EXPOSURE_TIME);
+                nsecs_t exposureToReadout =
+                        inflightReq->shutterReadoutTimestamp - inflightReq->shutterTimestamp;
+                ASSERT_GE(exposureToReadout, exposureTimeResult.data.i64[0]);
+                if (inflightReq->collectedResult.exists(ANDROID_SENSOR_ROLLING_SHUTTER_SKEW)) {
+                    camera_metadata_entry_t rollingShutterSkew =
+                            inflightReq->collectedResult.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_ROLLING_SHUTTER_SKEW);
+                    ASSERT_LT(exposureToReadout,
+                              exposureTimeResult.data.i64[0] + rollingShutterSkew.data.i64[0] / 2);
+                }
+            }
+
+            request.frameNumber++;
+            // Empty settings should be supported after the first call
+            // for repeating requests.
+            request.settings.metadata.clear();
+            // The buffer has been registered to HAL by bufferId, so per
+            // API contract we should send a null handle for this buffer
+            request.outputBuffers[0].buffer = NativeHandle();
+            mInflightMap.clear();
+            inflightReq = std::make_shared<InFlightRequest>(1, false, supportsPartialResults,
+                                                            partialResultCount, resultQueue);
+            mInflightMap.insert(std::make_pair(request.frameNumber, inflightReq));
+        }
+
+        ret = session->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+        ALOGI("processCaptureRequestInternal: processCaptureRequest returns status: %d:%d",
+              ret.getExceptionCode(), ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            while (!inflightReq->errorCodeValid &&
+                   ((0 < inflightReq->numBuffersLeft) || (!inflightReq->haveResultMetadata))) {
+                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                               std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+            }
+
+            ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReq->errorCodeValid);
+            ASSERT_NE(inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+            ASSERT_EQ(testStream.id, inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers[0].buffer.streamId);
+        }
+
+        if (useHalBufManager) {
+            verifyBuffersReturned(session, testStream.id, cb);
+        }
+
+        ret = session->close();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::configureSingleStream(
+        const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+        const AvailableStream* previewThreshold, uint64_t bufferUsage, RequestTemplate reqTemplate,
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session, Stream* previewStream,
+        std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams, bool* supportsPartialResults,
+        int32_t* partialResultCount, bool* useHalBufManager, std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* cb,
+        uint32_t streamConfigCounter) {
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, previewStream);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, halStreams);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, supportsPartialResults);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, partialResultCount);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, useHalBufManager);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cb);
+
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+    std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+    ALOGI("configureStreams: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = provider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &device);
+    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+
+    camera_metadata_t* staticMeta;
+    CameraMetadata chars;
+    ret = device->getCameraCharacteristics(&chars);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    staticMeta = clone_camera_metadata(
+            reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(chars.metadata.data()));
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, staticMeta);
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    auto status =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_PARTIAL_RESULT_COUNT, &entry);
+    if ((0 == status) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        *partialResultCount = entry.data.i32[0];
+        *supportsPartialResults = (*partialResultCount > 1);
+    }
+
+    *cb = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<DeviceCb>(this, staticMeta);
+
+    device->open(*cb, session);
+    ALOGI("device::open returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(*session, nullptr);
+
+    *useHalBufManager = false;
+    status = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            staticMeta, ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_BUFFER_MANAGEMENT_VERSION, &entry);
+    if ((0 == status) && (entry.count == 1)) {
+        *useHalBufManager = (entry.data.u8[0] ==
+                             ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_BUFFER_MANAGEMENT_VERSION_HIDL_DEVICE_3_5);
+    }
+
+    outputPreviewStreams.clear();
+    auto rc = getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputPreviewStreams, previewThreshold);
+
+    int32_t jpegBufferSize = 0;
+    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, getJpegBufferSize(staticMeta, &jpegBufferSize));
+    ASSERT_NE(0u, jpegBufferSize);
+
+    free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
+    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(outputPreviewStreams.empty());
+
+    Dataspace dataspace = Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+    switch (static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputPreviewStreams[0].format)) {
+        case PixelFormat::Y16:
+            dataspace = Dataspace::DEPTH;
+            break;
+        default:
+            dataspace = Dataspace::UNKNOWN;
+    }
+
+    std::vector<Stream> streams(1);
+    streams[0] = {0,
+                  StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                  outputPreviewStreams[0].width,
+                  outputPreviewStreams[0].height,
+                  static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputPreviewStreams[0].format),
+                  static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(bufferUsage),
+                  dataspace,
+                  StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                  "",
+                  0,
+                  /*groupId*/ -1,
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+
+    StreamConfiguration config;
+    config.streams = streams;
+    createStreamConfiguration(streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, &config,
+                              jpegBufferSize);
+    if (*session != nullptr) {
+        CameraMetadata sessionParams;
+        ret = (*session)->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate, &sessionParams);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        config.sessionParams = sessionParams;
+        config.streamConfigCounter = (int32_t)streamConfigCounter;
+
+        bool supported = false;
+        ret = device->isStreamCombinationSupported(config, &supported);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(supported, true);
+
+        std::vector<HalStream> halConfigs;
+        ret = (*session)->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+        ALOGI("configureStreams returns status: %d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+              ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(1u, halConfigs.size());
+        halStreams->clear();
+        halStreams->push_back(halConfigs[0]);
+        if (*useHalBufManager) {
+            std::vector<Stream> ss(1);
+            std::vector<HalStream> hs(1);
+            ss[0] = config.streams[0];
+            hs[0] = halConfigs[0];
+            (*cb)->setCurrentStreamConfig(ss, hs);
+        }
+    }
+    *previewStream = config.streams[0];
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::overrideRotateAndCrop(CameraMetadata* settings) {
+    if (settings == nullptr) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata requestMeta =
+            clone_camera_metadata(reinterpret_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(settings->metadata.data()));
+    auto entry = requestMeta.find(ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP);
+    if ((entry.count > 0) && (entry.data.u8[0] == ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_AUTO)) {
+        uint8_t disableRotateAndCrop = ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP_NONE;
+        requestMeta.update(ANDROID_SCALER_ROTATE_AND_CROP, &disableRotateAndCrop, 1);
+        settings->metadata.clear();
+        camera_metadata_t* metaBuffer = requestMeta.release();
+        uint8_t* rawMetaBuffer = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(metaBuffer);
+        settings->metadata =
+                std::vector(rawMetaBuffer, rawMetaBuffer + get_camera_metadata_size(metaBuffer));
+    }
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyBuffersReturned(const std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>& session,
+                                           int32_t streamId, const std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>& cb,
+                                           uint32_t streamConfigCounter) {
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
+
+    std::vector<int32_t> streamIds(1);
+    streamIds[0] = streamId;
+    session->signalStreamFlush(streamIds, /*streamConfigCounter*/ streamConfigCounter);
+    cb->waitForBuffersReturned();
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::processPreviewStabilizationCaptureRequestInternal(
+        bool previewStabilizationOn,
+        // Used as output when preview stabilization is off, as output when its on.
+        std::unordered_map<std::string, nsecs_t>& cameraDeviceToTimeLag) {
+    std::vector<std::string> cameraDeviceNames = getCameraDeviceNames(mProvider);
+    AvailableStream streamThreshold = {kMaxPreviewWidth, kMaxPreviewHeight,
+                                       static_cast<int32_t>(PixelFormat::IMPLEMENTATION_DEFINED)};
+    int64_t bufferId = 1;
+    int32_t frameNumber = 1;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> settings;
+
+    for (const auto& name : cameraDeviceNames) {
+        if (!supportsPreviewStabilization(name, mProvider)) {
+            ALOGI(" %s Camera device %s doesn't support preview stabilization, skipping", __func__,
+                  name.c_str());
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        Stream testStream;
+        std::vector<HalStream> halStreams;
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession> session;
+        std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb;
+        bool supportsPartialResults = false;
+        bool useHalBufManager = false;
+        int32_t partialResultCount = 0;
+        configureSingleStream(name, mProvider, &streamThreshold, GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER,
+                              RequestTemplate::PREVIEW, &session /*out*/, &testStream /*out*/,
+                              &halStreams /*out*/, &supportsPartialResults /*out*/,
+                              &partialResultCount /*out*/, &useHalBufManager /*out*/, &cb /*out*/);
+
+        ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::MQDescriptor<
+                int8_t, aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite>
+                descriptor;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus resultQueueRet = session->getCaptureResultMetadataQueue(&descriptor);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(resultQueueRet.isOk());
+
+        std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> resultQueue =
+                std::make_shared<ResultMetadataQueue>(descriptor);
+        if (!resultQueue->isValid() || resultQueue->availableToWrite() <= 0) {
+            ALOGE("%s: HAL returns empty result metadata fmq,"
+                  " not use it",
+                  __func__);
+            resultQueue = nullptr;
+            // Don't use the queue onwards.
+        }
+
+        std::shared_ptr<InFlightRequest> inflightReq = std::make_shared<InFlightRequest>(
+                1, false, supportsPartialResults, partialResultCount, resultQueue);
+
+        CameraMetadata defaultMetadata;
+        android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata defaultSettings;
+        ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = session->constructDefaultRequestSettings(RequestTemplate::PREVIEW,
+                                                                          &defaultMetadata);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+        const camera_metadata_t* metadata =
+                reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(defaultMetadata.metadata.data());
+        defaultSettings = metadata;
+        android::status_t metadataRet = ::android::OK;
+        uint8_t videoStabilizationMode = ANDROID_CONTROL_VIDEO_STABILIZATION_MODE_OFF;
+        if (previewStabilizationOn) {
+            videoStabilizationMode = ANDROID_CONTROL_VIDEO_STABILIZATION_MODE_PREVIEW_STABILIZATION;
+            metadataRet = defaultSettings.update(ANDROID_CONTROL_VIDEO_STABILIZATION_MODE,
+                                                 &videoStabilizationMode, 1);
+        } else {
+            metadataRet = defaultSettings.update(ANDROID_CONTROL_VIDEO_STABILIZATION_MODE,
+                                                 &videoStabilizationMode, 1);
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(metadataRet, ::android::OK);
+
+        camera_metadata_t* releasedMetadata = defaultSettings.release();
+        uint8_t* rawMetadata = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(releasedMetadata);
+
+        buffer_handle_t buffer_handle;
+
+        std::vector<CaptureRequest> requests(1);
+        CaptureRequest& request = requests[0];
+        request.frameNumber = frameNumber;
+        request.fmqSettingsSize = 0;
+        request.settings.metadata =
+                std::vector(rawMetadata, rawMetadata + get_camera_metadata_size(releasedMetadata));
+        request.outputBuffers = std::vector<StreamBuffer>(1);
+        StreamBuffer& outputBuffer = request.outputBuffers[0];
+        if (useHalBufManager) {
+            outputBuffer = {halStreams[0].id,
+                            /*bufferId*/ 0,   NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::OK,
+                            NativeHandle(),   NativeHandle()};
+        } else {
+            allocateGraphicBuffer(testStream.width, testStream.height,
+                                  /* We don't look at halStreamConfig.streams[0].consumerUsage
+                                   * since that is 0 for output streams
+                                   */
+                                  android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(
+                                          static_cast<uint64_t>(halStreams[0].producerUsage),
+                                          GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                                  halStreams[0].overrideFormat, &buffer_handle);
+            outputBuffer = {halStreams[0].id, bufferId,       ::android::makeToAidl(buffer_handle),
+                            BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+        }
+        request.inputBuffer = {
+                -1, 0, NativeHandle(), BufferStatus::ERROR, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle()};
+
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            mInflightMap.clear();
+            mInflightMap.insert(std::make_pair(frameNumber, inflightReq));
+        }
+
+        int32_t numRequestProcessed = 0;
+        std::vector<BufferCache> cachesToRemove;
+        ret = session->processCaptureRequest(requests, cachesToRemove, &numRequestProcessed);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        ASSERT_EQ(numRequestProcessed, 1u);
+
+        {
+            std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+            while (!inflightReq->errorCodeValid &&
+                   ((0 < inflightReq->numBuffersLeft) || (!inflightReq->haveResultMetadata))) {
+                auto timeout = std::chrono::system_clock::now() +
+                               std::chrono::seconds(kStreamBufferTimeoutSec);
+                ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, mResultCondition.wait_until(l, timeout));
+            }
+
+            ASSERT_FALSE(inflightReq->errorCodeValid);
+            ASSERT_NE(inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers.size(), 0u);
+            ASSERT_EQ(testStream.id, inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers[0].buffer.streamId);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(inflightReq->shutterReadoutTimestampValid);
+            nsecs_t readoutTimestamp = inflightReq->shutterReadoutTimestamp;
+
+            if (previewStabilizationOn) {
+                // Here we collect the time difference between the buffer ready
+                // timestamp - notify readout timestamp.
+                // timeLag = buffer ready timestamp - notify readout timestamp.
+                // timeLag(previewStabilization) must be <=
+                //        timeLag(stabilization off) + 1 frame duration.
+                auto it = cameraDeviceToTimeLag.find(name);
+                camera_metadata_entry e;
+                e = inflightReq->collectedResult.find(ANDROID_SENSOR_FRAME_DURATION);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(e.count > 0);
+                nsecs_t frameDuration = e.data.i64[0];
+                ASSERT_TRUE(it != cameraDeviceToTimeLag.end());
+
+                nsecs_t previewStabOnLagTime =
+                        inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers[0].timeStamp - readoutTimestamp;
+                ASSERT_TRUE(previewStabOnLagTime <= (it->second + frameDuration));
+            } else {
+                // Fill in the buffer ready timestamp - notify timestamp;
+                cameraDeviceToTimeLag[std::string(name)] =
+                        inflightReq->resultOutputBuffers[0].timeStamp - readoutTimestamp;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (useHalBufManager) {
+            verifyBuffersReturned(session, testStream.id, cb);
+        }
+
+        ret = session->close();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+bool CameraAidlTest::supportsPreviewStabilization(
+        const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider) {
+    std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = provider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &device);
+    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    if (!ret.isOk() || device == nullptr) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Failed to get camera device interface for " << name;
+    }
+
+    CameraMetadata metadata;
+    ret = device->getCameraCharacteristics(&metadata);
+    camera_metadata_t* staticMeta = clone_camera_metadata(
+            reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(metadata.metadata.data()));
+    if (!(ret.isOk())) {
+        ADD_FAILURE() << "Failed to get camera characteristics for " << name;
+    }
+    // Go through the characteristics and see if video stabilization modes have
+    // preview stabilization
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+
+    int retcode = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            staticMeta, ANDROID_CONTROL_AVAILABLE_VIDEO_STABILIZATION_MODES, &entry);
+    if ((0 == retcode) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        for (auto i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+            if (entry.data.u8[i] ==
+                ANDROID_CONTROL_VIDEO_STABILIZATION_MODE_PREVIEW_STABILIZATION) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::configurePreviewStreams(
+        const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+        const AvailableStream* previewThreshold, const std::unordered_set<std::string>& physicalIds,
+        std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session, Stream* previewStream,
+        std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams, bool* supportsPartialResults,
+        int32_t* partialResultCount, bool* useHalBufManager, std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* cb,
+        int32_t streamConfigCounter) {
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, halStreams);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, previewStream);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, supportsPartialResults);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, partialResultCount);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, useHalBufManager);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cb);
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(physicalIds.empty());
+
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputPreviewStreams;
+    std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+    ALOGI("configureStreams: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = provider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &device);
+    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+
+    CameraMetadata meta;
+    ret = device->getCameraCharacteristics(&meta);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    camera_metadata_t* staticMeta =
+            clone_camera_metadata(reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(meta.metadata.data()));
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, staticMeta);
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    auto status =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_PARTIAL_RESULT_COUNT, &entry);
+    if ((0 == status) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        *partialResultCount = entry.data.i32[0];
+        *supportsPartialResults = (*partialResultCount > 1);
+    }
+
+    *cb = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<DeviceCb>(this, staticMeta);
+    ret = device->open(*cb, session);
+    ALOGI("device::open returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(*session, nullptr);
+
+    *useHalBufManager = false;
+    status = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            staticMeta, ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_BUFFER_MANAGEMENT_VERSION, &entry);
+    if ((0 == status) && (entry.count == 1)) {
+        *useHalBufManager = (entry.data.u8[0] ==
+                             ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_BUFFER_MANAGEMENT_VERSION_HIDL_DEVICE_3_5);
+    }
+
+    outputPreviewStreams.clear();
+    Status rc = getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputPreviewStreams, previewThreshold);
+    free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
+    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(outputPreviewStreams.empty());
+
+    std::vector<Stream> streams(physicalIds.size());
+    int32_t streamId = 0;
+    for (auto const& physicalId : physicalIds) {
+        streams[streamId++] = {streamId,
+                               StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                               outputPreviewStreams[0].width,
+                               outputPreviewStreams[0].height,
+                               static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputPreviewStreams[0].format),
+                               static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                                       GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER),
+                               Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                               StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                               physicalId,
+                               0,
+                               0,
+                               {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+    }
+
+    StreamConfiguration config = {streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, CameraMetadata()};
+
+    RequestTemplate reqTemplate = RequestTemplate::PREVIEW;
+    ret = (*session)->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate, &config.sessionParams);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+    bool supported = false;
+    ret = device->isStreamCombinationSupported(config, &supported);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+    config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter;
+    std::vector<HalStream> halConfigs;
+    ret = (*session)->configureStreams(config, &halConfigs);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_EQ(physicalIds.size(), halConfigs.size());
+    *halStreams = halConfigs;
+    if (*useHalBufManager) {
+        std::vector<Stream> ss(physicalIds.size());
+        std::vector<HalStream> hs(physicalIds.size());
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < physicalIds.size(); i++) {
+            ss[i] = streams[i];
+            hs[i] = halConfigs[i];
+        }
+        (*cb)->setCurrentStreamConfig(ss, hs);
+    }
+    *previewStream = streams[0];
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verifyBuffersReturned(const std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>& session,
+                                           const std::vector<int32_t>& streamIds,
+                                           std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb,
+                                           uint32_t streamConfigCounter) {
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus ret =
+            session->signalStreamFlush(streamIds, /*streamConfigCounter*/ streamConfigCounter);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    cb->waitForBuffersReturned();
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::configureStreams(
+        const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+        PixelFormat format, std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session, Stream* previewStream,
+        std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams, bool* supportsPartialResults,
+        int32_t* partialResultCount, bool* useHalBufManager, std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* outCb,
+        uint32_t streamConfigCounter, bool maxResolution,
+        aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap prof) {
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, halStreams);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, previewStream);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, supportsPartialResults);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, partialResultCount);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, useHalBufManager);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, outCb);
+
+    ALOGI("configureStreams: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+    std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> device;
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = provider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &device);
+    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(device, nullptr);
+
+    CameraMetadata metadata;
+    camera_metadata_t* staticMeta;
+    ret = device->getCameraCharacteristics(&metadata);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    staticMeta = clone_camera_metadata(
+            reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(metadata.metadata.data()));
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    auto status =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_PARTIAL_RESULT_COUNT, &entry);
+    if ((0 == status) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        *partialResultCount = entry.data.i32[0];
+        *supportsPartialResults = (*partialResultCount > 1);
+    }
+
+    *outCb = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<DeviceCb>(this, staticMeta);
+    ret = device->open(*outCb, session);
+    ALOGI("device::open returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_NE(*session, nullptr);
+
+    *useHalBufManager = false;
+    status = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            staticMeta, ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_BUFFER_MANAGEMENT_VERSION, &entry);
+    if ((0 == status) && (entry.count == 1)) {
+        *useHalBufManager = (entry.data.u8[0] ==
+                             ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_BUFFER_MANAGEMENT_VERSION_HIDL_DEVICE_3_5);
+    }
+
+    outputStreams.clear();
+    Size maxSize;
+    auto rc = getMaxOutputSizeForFormat(staticMeta, format, &maxSize, maxResolution);
+    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+    free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
+
+    std::vector<Stream> streams(1);
+    streams[0] = {0,
+                  StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                  maxSize.width,
+                  maxSize.height,
+                  format,
+                  static_cast<::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                          GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_CPU_READ),
+                  Dataspace::UNKNOWN,
+                  StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                  "",
+                  0,
+                  -1,
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_MAXIMUM_RESOLUTION},
+                  prof};
+
+    StreamConfiguration config;
+    config.streams = streams;
+    config.operationMode = StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE;
+    config.streamConfigCounter = streamConfigCounter;
+    config.multiResolutionInputImage = false;
+    CameraMetadata req;
+    RequestTemplate reqTemplate = RequestTemplate::STILL_CAPTURE;
+    ret = (*session)->constructDefaultRequestSettings(reqTemplate, &req);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    config.sessionParams = req;
+
+    bool supported = false;
+    ret = device->isStreamCombinationSupported(config, &supported);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_EQ(supported, true);
+
+    ret = (*session)->configureStreams(config, halStreams);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+    if (*useHalBufManager) {
+        std::vector<Stream> ss(1);
+        std::vector<HalStream> hs(1);
+        ss[0] = streams[0];
+        hs[0] = (*halStreams)[0];
+        (*outCb)->setCurrentStreamConfig(ss, hs);
+    }
+
+    *previewStream = streams[0];
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+}
+
+bool CameraAidlTest::is10BitDynamicRangeCapable(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta) {
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry scalerEntry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES,
+                                           &scalerEntry);
+    if (rc == 0) {
+        for (uint32_t i = 0; i < scalerEntry.count; i++) {
+            if (scalerEntry.data.u8[i] ==
+                ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_DYNAMIC_RANGE_TEN_BIT) {
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::get10BitDynamicRangeProfiles(
+        const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+        std::vector<
+                aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap>*
+                profiles) {
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, staticMeta);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, profiles);
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    std::unordered_set<int32_t> entries;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP, &entry);
+    ASSERT_EQ(rc, 0);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(entry.count > 0);
+    ASSERT_EQ(entry.count % 2, 0);
+
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i += 2) {
+        ASSERT_NE(entry.data.i32[i], ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_STANDARD);
+        ASSERT_EQ(entries.find(entry.data.i32[i]), entries.end());
+        entries.insert(static_cast<int32_t>(entry.data.i32[i]));
+        profiles->emplace_back(
+                static_cast<aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::
+                                    RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap>(entry.data.i32[i]));
+    }
+
+    if (!entries.empty()) {
+        ASSERT_NE(entries.find(ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_HLG10),
+                  entries.end());
+    }
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::verify10BitMetadata(
+        HandleImporter& importer, const InFlightRequest& request,
+        aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap
+                profile) {
+    for (const auto& b : request.resultOutputBuffers) {
+        bool smpte2086Present = importer.isSmpte2086Present(b.buffer.buffer);
+        bool smpte2094_10Present = importer.isSmpte2094_10Present(b.buffer.buffer);
+        bool smpte2094_40Present = importer.isSmpte2094_40Present(b.buffer.buffer);
+
+        switch (static_cast<uint32_t>(profile)) {
+            case ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_HLG10:
+                ASSERT_FALSE(smpte2086Present);
+                ASSERT_FALSE(smpte2094_10Present);
+                ASSERT_FALSE(smpte2094_40Present);
+                break;
+            case ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_HDR10:
+                ASSERT_TRUE(smpte2086Present);
+                ASSERT_FALSE(smpte2094_10Present);
+                ASSERT_FALSE(smpte2094_40Present);
+                break;
+            case ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_HDR10_PLUS:
+                ASSERT_FALSE(smpte2086Present);
+                ASSERT_FALSE(smpte2094_10Present);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(smpte2094_40Present);
+                break;
+            case ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_10B_HDR_REF:
+            case ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_10B_HDR_REF_PO:
+            case ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_10B_HDR_OEM:
+            case ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_10B_HDR_OEM_PO:
+            case ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_8B_HDR_REF:
+            case ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_8B_HDR_REF_PO:
+            case ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_8B_HDR_OEM:
+            case ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_DYNAMIC_RANGE_PROFILES_MAP_DOLBY_VISION_8B_HDR_OEM_PO:
+                ASSERT_FALSE(smpte2086Present);
+                ASSERT_TRUE(smpte2094_10Present);
+                ASSERT_FALSE(smpte2094_40Present);
+                break;
+            default:
+                ALOGE("%s: Unexpected 10-bit dynamic range profile: %d", __FUNCTION__, profile);
+                ADD_FAILURE();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::configurePreviewStream(
+        const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+        const AvailableStream* previewThreshold, std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session,
+        Stream* previewStream, std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams, bool* supportsPartialResults,
+        int32_t* partialResultCount, bool* useHalBufManager, std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* cb,
+        uint32_t streamConfigCounter) {
+    configureSingleStream(name, provider, previewThreshold, GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_HWCOMPOSER,
+                          RequestTemplate::PREVIEW, session, previewStream, halStreams,
+                          supportsPartialResults, partialResultCount, useHalBufManager, cb,
+                          streamConfigCounter);
+}
+
+Status CameraAidlTest::isOfflineSessionSupported(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta) {
+    Status ret = Status::OPERATION_NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    if (nullptr == staticMeta) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    int rc = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES,
+                                           &entry);
+    if (0 != rc) {
+        return Status::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < entry.count; i++) {
+        if (ANDROID_REQUEST_AVAILABLE_CAPABILITIES_OFFLINE_PROCESSING == entry.data.u8[i]) {
+            ret = Status::OK;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::configureOfflineStillStream(
+        const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+        const AvailableStream* threshold, std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session,
+        Stream* stream, std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams, bool* supportsPartialResults,
+        int32_t* partialResultCount, std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* outCb, int32_t* jpegBufferSize,
+        bool* useHalBufManager) {
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, session);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, halStreams);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, stream);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, supportsPartialResults);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, partialResultCount);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, outCb);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, jpegBufferSize);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, useHalBufManager);
+
+    std::vector<AvailableStream> outputStreams;
+    std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice> cameraDevice;
+    ALOGI("configureStreams: Testing camera device %s", name.c_str());
+
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus ret = provider->getCameraDeviceInterface(name, &cameraDevice);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ALOGI("getCameraDeviceInterface returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    ASSERT_NE(cameraDevice, nullptr);
+
+    CameraMetadata metadata;
+    ret = cameraDevice->getCameraCharacteristics(&metadata);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    camera_metadata_t* staticMeta = clone_camera_metadata(
+            reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(metadata.metadata.data()));
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, staticMeta);
+
+    camera_metadata_ro_entry entry;
+    auto status =
+            find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(staticMeta, ANDROID_REQUEST_PARTIAL_RESULT_COUNT, &entry);
+    if ((0 == status) && (entry.count > 0)) {
+        *partialResultCount = entry.data.i32[0];
+        *supportsPartialResults = (*partialResultCount > 1);
+    }
+
+    *useHalBufManager = false;
+    status = find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(
+            staticMeta, ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_BUFFER_MANAGEMENT_VERSION, &entry);
+    if ((0 == status) && (entry.count == 1)) {
+        *useHalBufManager = (entry.data.u8[0] ==
+                             ANDROID_INFO_SUPPORTED_BUFFER_MANAGEMENT_VERSION_HIDL_DEVICE_3_5);
+    }
+
+    auto st = getJpegBufferSize(staticMeta, jpegBufferSize);
+    ASSERT_EQ(st, Status::OK);
+
+    *outCb = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<DeviceCb>(this, staticMeta);
+    ret = cameraDevice->open(*outCb, session);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ALOGI("device::open returns status:%d:%d", ret.getExceptionCode(),
+          ret.getServiceSpecificError());
+    ASSERT_NE(session, nullptr);
+
+    outputStreams.clear();
+    auto rc = getAvailableOutputStreams(staticMeta, outputStreams, threshold);
+    size_t idx = 0;
+    int currLargest = outputStreams[0].width * outputStreams[0].height;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < outputStreams.size(); i++) {
+        int area = outputStreams[i].width * outputStreams[i].height;
+        if (area > currLargest) {
+            idx = i;
+            currLargest = area;
+        }
+    }
+    free_camera_metadata(staticMeta);
+    ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, rc);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(outputStreams.empty());
+
+    Dataspace dataspace = getDataspace(static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputStreams[idx].format));
+
+    std::vector<Stream> streams(/*size*/ 1);
+    streams[0] = {/*id*/ 0,
+                  StreamType::OUTPUT,
+                  outputStreams[idx].width,
+                  outputStreams[idx].height,
+                  static_cast<PixelFormat>(outputStreams[idx].format),
+                  static_cast<::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::BufferUsage>(
+                          GRALLOC1_CONSUMER_USAGE_CPU_READ),
+                  dataspace,
+                  StreamRotation::ROTATION_0,
+                  /*physicalId*/ std::string(),
+                  *jpegBufferSize,
+                  /*groupId*/ 0,
+                  {SensorPixelMode::ANDROID_SENSOR_PIXEL_MODE_DEFAULT}};
+
+    StreamConfiguration config = {streams, StreamConfigurationMode::NORMAL_MODE, CameraMetadata()};
+
+    (*session)->configureStreams(config, halStreams);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+
+    if (*useHalBufManager) {
+        (*outCb)->setCurrentStreamConfig(streams, *halStreams);
+    }
+
+    *stream = streams[0];
+}
+
+void CameraAidlTest::updateInflightResultQueue(
+        const std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue>& resultQueue) {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+    for (auto& it : mInflightMap) {
+        it.second->resultQueue = resultQueue;
+    }
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.h b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cc38169
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/camera_aidl_test.h
@@ -0,0 +1,528 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_CAMERA_AIDL_TEST_H_
+#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_CAMERA_AIDL_TEST_H_
+
+#define LOG_TAG "camera_aidl_hal_test"
+
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <unordered_set>
+
+#include <CameraMetadata.h>
+#include <CameraParameters.h>
+#include <HandleImporter.h>
+#include <fmq/AidlMessageQueue.h>
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/Dataspace.h>
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/common/Status.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/common/TorchModeStatus.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/common/NativeHandle.h>
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/CaptureResult.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/ErrorCode.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/HalStream.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/ICameraDevice.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/NotifyMsg.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/PhysicalCameraMetadata.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/Stream.h>
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/provider/ICameraProvider.h>
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/PixelFormat.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <log/log.h>
+#include <system/camera_metadata.h>
+#include <utils/KeyedVector.h>
+#include <utils/Timers.h>
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::Status;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::TorchModeStatus;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::BufferRequest;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::BufferRequestStatus;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::CameraMetadata;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::CaptureResult;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::ErrorCode;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::HalStream;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::ICameraDevice;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::ICameraDeviceSession;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::ICameraInjectionSession;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::NotifyMsg;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::PhysicalCameraMetadata;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::RequestTemplate;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::Stream;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::StreamBuffer;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::StreamBufferRet;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::StreamConfiguration;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::StreamConfigurationMode;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::provider::ConcurrentCameraIdCombination;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::provider::ICameraProvider;
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::common::NativeHandle;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::common::fmq::SynchronizedReadWrite;
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::Dataspace;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::PixelFormat;
+
+using ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::HandleImporter;
+using ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::Size;
+
+using ResultMetadataQueue = android::AidlMessageQueue<int8_t, SynchronizedReadWrite>;
+
+using ::ndk::ScopedAStatus;
+
+class DeviceCb;  // Forward declare to break circular header dependency
+
+class CameraAidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    enum SystemCameraKind {
+        /**
+         * These camera devices are visible to all apps and system components alike
+         */
+        PUBLIC = 0,
+
+        /**
+         * These camera devices are visible only to processes having the
+         * android.permission.SYSTEM_CAMERA permission. They are not exposed to 3P
+         * apps.
+         */
+        SYSTEM_ONLY_CAMERA,
+
+        /**
+         * These camera devices are visible only to HAL clients (that try to connect
+         * on a hwbinder thread).
+         */
+        HIDDEN_SECURE_CAMERA
+    };
+
+    struct AvailableStream {
+        int32_t width;
+        int32_t height;
+        int32_t format;
+    };
+
+    enum ReprocessType {
+        PRIV_REPROCESS,
+        YUV_REPROCESS,
+    };
+
+    struct AvailableZSLInputOutput {
+        int32_t inputFormat;
+        int32_t outputFormat;
+    };
+
+    virtual void SetUp() override;
+    virtual void TearDown() override;
+
+    std::vector<std::string> getCameraDeviceNames(std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+                                                  bool addSecureOnly = false);
+
+    static bool isSecureOnly(const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+                             const std::string& name);
+
+    std::map<std::string, std::string> getCameraDeviceIdToNameMap(
+            std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider> provider);
+
+    static std::vector<ConcurrentCameraIdCombination> getConcurrentDeviceCombinations(
+            std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider);
+
+    void notifyDeviceState(int64_t state);
+
+    static void allocateGraphicBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint64_t usage,
+                                      PixelFormat format, buffer_handle_t* buffer_handle /*out*/);
+
+    static void openEmptyDeviceSession(const std::string& name,
+                                       std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider> provider,
+                                       std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session /*out*/,
+                                       CameraMetadata* staticMeta /*out*/,
+                                       std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice>* device /*out*/);
+    static void openEmptyInjectionSession(const std::string& name,
+                                          const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+                                          std::shared_ptr<ICameraInjectionSession>* session /*out*/,
+                                          CameraMetadata* staticMeta /*out*/,
+                                          std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice>* device /*out*/);
+
+    static void createStreamConfiguration(std::vector<Stream>& streams,
+                                          StreamConfigurationMode configMode,
+                                          StreamConfiguration* config, int32_t jpegBufferSize = 0);
+
+    void configureOfflineStillStream(
+            const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+            const AvailableStream* threshold,
+            std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session /*out*/, Stream* stream /*out*/,
+            std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams, bool* supportsPartialResults /*out*/,
+            int32_t* partialResultCount /*out*/, std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* outCb /*out*/,
+            int32_t* jpegBufferSize /*out*/, bool* useHalBufManager /*out*/);
+
+    void configureStreams(
+            const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+            PixelFormat format, std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session /*out*/,
+            Stream* previewStream /*out*/, std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams /*out*/,
+            bool* supportsPartialResults /*out*/, int32_t* partialResultCount /*out*/,
+            bool* useHalBufManager /*out*/, std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* outCb /*out*/,
+            uint32_t streamConfigCounter, bool maxResolution,
+            aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap
+                    prof = ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::
+                            RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap(0));
+
+    void configurePreviewStreams(
+            const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+            const AvailableStream* previewThreshold,
+            const std::unordered_set<std::string>& physicalIds,
+            std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session /*out*/, Stream* previewStream /*out*/,
+            std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams /*out*/, bool* supportsPartialResults /*out*/,
+            int32_t* partialResultCount /*out*/, bool* useHalBufManager /*out*/,
+            std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* cb /*out*/, int32_t streamConfigCounter = 0);
+
+    void configurePreviewStream(
+            const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+            const AvailableStream* previewThreshold,
+            std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session /*out*/, Stream* previewStream /*out*/,
+            std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams /*out*/, bool* supportsPartialResults /*out*/,
+            int32_t* partialResultCount /*out*/, bool* useHalBufManager /*out*/,
+            std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* cb /*out*/, uint32_t streamConfigCounter = 0);
+
+    void configureSingleStream(
+            const std::string& name, const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider,
+            const AvailableStream* previewThreshold, uint64_t bufferUsage,
+            RequestTemplate reqTemplate, std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>* session /*out*/,
+            Stream* previewStream /*out*/, std::vector<HalStream>* halStreams /*out*/,
+            bool* supportsPartialResults /*out*/, int32_t* partialResultCount /*out*/,
+            bool* useHalBufManager /*out*/, std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>* cb /*out*/,
+            uint32_t streamConfigCounter = 0);
+
+    void verifyLogicalOrUltraHighResCameraMetadata(const std::string& cameraName,
+                                                   const std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice>& device,
+                                                   const CameraMetadata& chars,
+                                                   const std::vector<std::string>& deviceNames);
+
+    static void verifyCameraCharacteristics(const CameraMetadata& chars);
+
+    static void verifyExtendedSceneModeCharacteristics(const camera_metadata_t* metadata);
+
+    static void verifyZoomCharacteristics(const camera_metadata_t* metadata);
+
+    static void verifyRecommendedConfigs(const CameraMetadata& chars);
+
+    static void verifyMonochromeCharacteristics(const CameraMetadata& chars);
+
+    static void verifyMonochromeCameraResult(
+            const ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata& metadata);
+
+    static void verifyStreamUseCaseCharacteristics(const camera_metadata_t* metadata);
+
+    static void verifyStreamCombination(const std::shared_ptr<ICameraDevice>& device,
+                                        const StreamConfiguration& config, bool expectedStatus,
+                                        bool expectStreamCombQuery);
+
+    static void verifyLogicalCameraResult(const camera_metadata_t* staticMetadata,
+                                          const std::vector<uint8_t>& resultMetadata);
+
+    static void verifyBuffersReturned(const std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>& session,
+                                      int32_t streamId, const std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb>& cb,
+                                      uint32_t streamConfigCounter = 0);
+
+    void verifyBuffersReturned(const std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>& session,
+                               const std::vector<int32_t>& streamIds, std::shared_ptr<DeviceCb> cb,
+                               uint32_t streamConfigCounter = 0);
+
+    static void verifySessionReconfigurationQuery(
+            const std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>& session, camera_metadata* oldSessionParams,
+            camera_metadata* newSessionParams);
+
+    static void verifyRequestTemplate(const camera_metadata_t* metadata,
+                                      RequestTemplate requestTemplate);
+
+    static void overrideRotateAndCrop(CameraMetadata* settings /*in/out*/);
+
+    static bool isDepthOnly(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta);
+
+    static bool isUltraHighResolution(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta);
+
+    static Status getAvailableOutputStreams(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                            std::vector<AvailableStream>& outputStreams,
+                                            const AvailableStream* threshold = nullptr,
+                                            bool maxResolution = false);
+
+    static Status getMaxOutputSizeForFormat(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta, PixelFormat format,
+                                            Size* size, bool maxResolution = false);
+
+    static Status getMandatoryConcurrentStreams(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                                std::vector<AvailableStream>* outputStreams);
+
+    static bool supportsPreviewStabilization(const std::string& name,
+                                             const std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider>& provider);
+
+    static Status getJpegBufferSize(camera_metadata_t* staticMeta, int32_t* outBufSize);
+
+    static Status isConstrainedModeAvailable(camera_metadata_t* staticMeta);
+
+    static Status isLogicalMultiCamera(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta);
+
+    static bool isTorchSupported(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta);
+
+    static bool isTorchStrengthControlSupported(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta);
+
+    static Status isOfflineSessionSupported(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta);
+
+    static Status getPhysicalCameraIds(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                       std::unordered_set<std::string>* physicalIds /*out*/);
+
+    static Status getSupportedKeys(camera_metadata_t* staticMeta, uint32_t tagId,
+                                   std::unordered_set<int32_t>* requestIDs /*out*/);
+
+    static void fillOutputStreams(camera_metadata_ro_entry_t* entry,
+                                  std::vector<AvailableStream>& outputStreams,
+                                  const AvailableStream* threshold = nullptr,
+                                  const int32_t availableConfigOutputTag = 0u);
+
+    static void constructFilteredSettings(
+            const std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession>& session,
+            const std::unordered_set<int32_t>& availableKeys, RequestTemplate reqTemplate,
+            android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata*
+                    defaultSettings /*out*/,
+            android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata* filteredSettings
+            /*out*/);
+
+    static Status pickConstrainedModeSize(camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                          AvailableStream& hfrStream);
+
+    static Status isZSLModeAvailable(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta);
+
+    static Status isZSLModeAvailable(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta, ReprocessType reprocType);
+
+    static Status getZSLInputOutputMap(camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                       std::vector<AvailableZSLInputOutput>& inputOutputMap);
+
+    static Status findLargestSize(const std::vector<AvailableStream>& streamSizes, int32_t format,
+                                  AvailableStream& result);
+
+    static Status isMonochromeCamera(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta);
+
+    static Status getSystemCameraKind(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+                                      SystemCameraKind* systemCameraKind);
+
+    static void getMultiResolutionStreamConfigurations(
+            camera_metadata_ro_entry* multiResStreamConfigs,
+            camera_metadata_ro_entry* streamConfigs,
+            camera_metadata_ro_entry* maxResolutionStreamConfigs,
+            const camera_metadata_t* staticMetadata);
+
+    static void getPrivacyTestPatternModes(
+            const camera_metadata_t* staticMetadata,
+            std::unordered_set<int32_t>* privacyTestPatternModes /*out*/);
+
+    static Dataspace getDataspace(PixelFormat format);
+
+    void processCaptureRequestInternal(uint64_t bufferUsage, RequestTemplate reqTemplate,
+                                       bool useSecureOnlyCameras);
+
+    void processPreviewStabilizationCaptureRequestInternal(
+            bool previewStabilizationOn,
+            /*inout*/ std::unordered_map<std::string, nsecs_t>& cameraDeviceToTimeLag);
+
+    static bool is10BitDynamicRangeCapable(const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta);
+
+    static void get10BitDynamicRangeProfiles(
+            const camera_metadata_t* staticMeta,
+            std::vector<aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::
+                                RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap>* profiles);
+
+    // Used by switchToOffline where a new result queue is created for offline reqs
+    void updateInflightResultQueue(const std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue>& resultQueue);
+
+    static Size getMinSize(Size a, Size b);
+
+  protected:
+    // In-flight queue for tracking completion of capture requests.
+    struct InFlightRequest {
+        // Set by notify() SHUTTER call.
+        nsecs_t shutterTimestamp;
+
+        bool shutterReadoutTimestampValid;
+        nsecs_t shutterReadoutTimestamp;
+
+        bool errorCodeValid;
+        ErrorCode errorCode;
+
+        // Is partial result supported
+        bool usePartialResult;
+
+        // Partial result count expected
+        int32_t numPartialResults;
+
+        // Message queue
+        std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> resultQueue;
+
+        // Set by process_capture_result call with valid metadata
+        bool haveResultMetadata;
+
+        // Decremented by calls to process_capture_result with valid output
+        // and input buffers
+        ssize_t numBuffersLeft;
+
+        // A 64bit integer to index the frame number associated with this result.
+        int64_t frameNumber;
+
+        // The partial result count (index) for this capture result.
+        int32_t partialResultCount;
+
+        // For buffer drop errors, the stream ID for the stream that lost a buffer.
+        // For physical sub-camera result errors, the Id of the physical stream
+        // for the physical sub-camera.
+        // Otherwise -1.
+        int32_t errorStreamId;
+
+        // If this request has any input buffer
+        bool hasInputBuffer;
+
+        // Result metadata
+        ::android::hardware::camera::common::V1_0::helper::CameraMetadata collectedResult;
+
+        // A copy-able StreamBuffer using buffer_handle_t instead of AIDLs NativeHandle
+        struct NativeStreamBuffer {
+            int32_t streamId;
+            int64_t bufferId;
+            buffer_handle_t buffer;
+            aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::BufferStatus status;
+            buffer_handle_t acquireFence;
+            buffer_handle_t releaseFence;
+        };
+
+        // Buffers are added by process_capture_result when output buffers
+        // return from HAL but framework.
+        struct StreamBufferAndTimestamp {
+            NativeStreamBuffer buffer;
+            nsecs_t timeStamp;
+        };
+        std::vector<StreamBufferAndTimestamp> resultOutputBuffers;
+
+        std::unordered_set<std::string> expectedPhysicalResults;
+
+        InFlightRequest()
+            : shutterTimestamp(0),
+              shutterReadoutTimestampValid(false),
+              shutterReadoutTimestamp(0),
+              errorCodeValid(false),
+              errorCode(ErrorCode::ERROR_BUFFER),
+              usePartialResult(false),
+              numPartialResults(0),
+              resultQueue(nullptr),
+              haveResultMetadata(false),
+              numBuffersLeft(0),
+              frameNumber(0),
+              partialResultCount(0),
+              errorStreamId(-1),
+              hasInputBuffer(false),
+              collectedResult(1, 10) {}
+
+        InFlightRequest(ssize_t numBuffers, bool hasInput, bool partialResults,
+                        int32_t partialCount, std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> queue = nullptr)
+            : shutterTimestamp(0),
+              shutterReadoutTimestampValid(false),
+              shutterReadoutTimestamp(0),
+              errorCodeValid(false),
+              errorCode(ErrorCode::ERROR_BUFFER),
+              usePartialResult(partialResults),
+              numPartialResults(partialCount),
+              resultQueue(queue),
+              haveResultMetadata(false),
+              numBuffersLeft(numBuffers),
+              frameNumber(0),
+              partialResultCount(0),
+              errorStreamId(-1),
+              hasInputBuffer(hasInput),
+              collectedResult(1, 10) {}
+
+        InFlightRequest(ssize_t numBuffers, bool hasInput, bool partialResults,
+                        int32_t partialCount,
+                        const std::unordered_set<std::string>& extraPhysicalResult,
+                        std::shared_ptr<ResultMetadataQueue> queue = nullptr)
+            : shutterTimestamp(0),
+              shutterReadoutTimestampValid(false),
+              shutterReadoutTimestamp(0),
+              errorCodeValid(false),
+              errorCode(ErrorCode::ERROR_BUFFER),
+              usePartialResult(partialResults),
+              numPartialResults(partialCount),
+              resultQueue(queue),
+              haveResultMetadata(false),
+              numBuffersLeft(numBuffers),
+              frameNumber(0),
+              partialResultCount(0),
+              errorStreamId(-1),
+              hasInputBuffer(hasInput),
+              collectedResult(1, 10),
+              expectedPhysicalResults(extraPhysicalResult) {}
+    };
+
+    static bool matchDeviceName(const std::string& deviceName, const std::string& providerType,
+                                std::string* deviceVersion, std::string* cameraId);
+
+    static void verify10BitMetadata(
+            HandleImporter& importer, const InFlightRequest& request,
+            aidl::android::hardware::camera::metadata::RequestAvailableDynamicRangeProfilesMap
+                    profile);
+
+    // Map from frame number to the in-flight request state
+    typedef std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::shared_ptr<InFlightRequest>> InFlightMap;
+
+    std::mutex mLock;                          // Synchronize access to member variables
+    std::condition_variable mResultCondition;  // Condition variable for incoming results
+    InFlightMap mInflightMap;                  // Map of all inflight requests
+
+    std::vector<NotifyMsg> mNotifyMessages;  // Current notification message
+
+    std::mutex mTorchLock;               // Synchronize access to torch status
+    std::condition_variable mTorchCond;  // Condition variable for torch status
+    TorchModeStatus mTorchStatus;        // Current torch status
+
+    // Camera provider service
+    std::shared_ptr<ICameraProvider> mProvider;
+
+    // Camera device session used by the tests
+    // Tests should take care of closing this session and setting it back to nullptr in successful
+    // case. Declared as a field to allow TeadDown function to close the session if a test assertion
+    // fails.
+    std::shared_ptr<ICameraDeviceSession> mSession;
+
+    // Camera provider type.
+    std::string mProviderType;
+
+    HandleImporter mHandleImporter;
+
+    friend class DeviceCb;
+    friend class SimpleDeviceCb;
+    friend class TorchProviderCb;
+};
+
+namespace {
+// device@<major>.<minor>/<type>/id
+const char* kDeviceNameRE = "device@([0-9]+\\.[0-9]+)/\\s+/(.+)";
+const int32_t kMaxVideoWidth = 4096;
+const int32_t kMaxVideoHeight = 2160;
+
+const int64_t kStreamBufferTimeoutSec = 3;
+const int64_t kTorchTimeoutSec = 1;
+const char* kDumpOutput = "/dev/null";
+const uint32_t kMaxPreviewWidth = 1920;
+const uint32_t kMaxPreviewHeight = 1080;
+}  // namespace
+#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_CAMERA_AIDL_TEST_H_
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.cpp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..52b4079
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,544 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "device_cb.h"
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/PixelFormat.h>
+#include <aidlcommonsupport/NativeHandle.h>
+#include <grallocusage/GrallocUsageConversion.h>
+#include <ui/Fence.h>
+#include <cinttypes>
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::BufferStatus;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::ErrorMsg;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::StreamBufferRequestError;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::StreamBuffersVal;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::graphics::common::PixelFormat;
+
+const int64_t kBufferReturnTimeoutSec = 1;
+
+DeviceCb::DeviceCb(CameraAidlTest* parent, camera_metadata_t* staticMeta) : mParent(parent) {
+    mStaticMetadata = staticMeta;
+}
+
+ScopedAStatus DeviceCb::notify(const std::vector<NotifyMsg>& msgs) {
+    std::vector<std::pair<bool, nsecs_t>> readoutTimestamps;
+
+    size_t count = msgs.size();
+    readoutTimestamps.resize(count);
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+        const NotifyMsg& msg = msgs[i];
+        switch (msg.getTag()) {
+            case NotifyMsg::Tag::error:
+                readoutTimestamps[i] = {false, 0};
+                break;
+            case NotifyMsg::Tag::shutter:
+                const auto& shutter = msg.get<NotifyMsg::Tag::shutter>();
+                readoutTimestamps[i] = {true, shutter.readoutTimestamp};
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return notifyHelper(msgs, readoutTimestamps);
+}
+
+ScopedAStatus DeviceCb::processCaptureResult(const std::vector<CaptureResult>& results) {
+    if (nullptr == mParent) {
+        return ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_STATE);
+    }
+
+    bool notify = false;
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mParent->mLock);
+    for (const auto& result : results) {
+        notify = processCaptureResultLocked(result, result.physicalCameraMetadata);
+    }
+
+    l.unlock();
+    if (notify) {
+        mParent->mResultCondition.notify_one();
+    }
+
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ScopedAStatus DeviceCb::requestStreamBuffers(const std::vector<BufferRequest>& bufReqs,
+                                             std::vector<StreamBufferRet>* buffers,
+                                             BufferRequestStatus* _aidl_return) {
+    std::vector<StreamBufferRet>& bufRets = *buffers;
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+
+    if (!mUseHalBufManager) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Camera does not support HAL buffer management", __FUNCTION__);
+        ADD_FAILURE();
+        *_aidl_return = BufferRequestStatus::FAILED_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENTS;
+        return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+
+    if (bufReqs.size() > mStreams.size()) {
+        ALOGE("%s: illegal buffer request: too many requests!", __FUNCTION__);
+        ADD_FAILURE();
+        *_aidl_return = BufferRequestStatus::FAILED_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENTS;
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+
+    std::vector<size_t> indexes(bufReqs.size());
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < bufReqs.size(); i++) {
+        bool found = false;
+        for (size_t idx = 0; idx < mStreams.size(); idx++) {
+            if (bufReqs[i].streamId == mStreams[idx].id) {
+                found = true;
+                indexes[i] = idx;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (!found) {
+            ALOGE("%s: illegal buffer request: unknown streamId %d!", __FUNCTION__,
+                  bufReqs[i].streamId);
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+            *_aidl_return = BufferRequestStatus::FAILED_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENTS;
+            return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+        }
+    }
+
+    bool allStreamOk = true;
+    bool atLeastOneStreamOk = false;
+    bufRets.resize(bufReqs.size());
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < bufReqs.size(); i++) {
+        size_t idx = indexes[i];
+        const auto& stream = mStreams[idx];
+        const auto& halStream = mHalStreams[idx];
+        const BufferRequest& bufReq = bufReqs[i];
+
+        if (mOutstandingBufferIds[idx].size() + bufReq.numBuffersRequested > halStream.maxBuffers) {
+            bufRets[i].streamId = stream.id;
+            bufRets[i].val.set<StreamBuffersVal::Tag::error>(
+                    StreamBufferRequestError::MAX_BUFFER_EXCEEDED);
+            allStreamOk = false;
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        std::vector<StreamBuffer> tmpRetBuffers(bufReq.numBuffersRequested);
+        for (size_t j = 0; j < bufReq.numBuffersRequested; j++) {
+            buffer_handle_t handle;
+            uint32_t w = stream.width;
+            uint32_t h = stream.height;
+            if (stream.format == PixelFormat::BLOB) {
+                w = stream.bufferSize;
+                h = 1;
+            }
+
+            CameraAidlTest::allocateGraphicBuffer(
+                    w, h,
+                    android_convertGralloc1To0Usage(static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.producerUsage),
+                                                    static_cast<uint64_t>(halStream.consumerUsage)),
+                    halStream.overrideFormat, &handle);
+
+            StreamBuffer streamBuffer = StreamBuffer();
+            StreamBuffer& sb = tmpRetBuffers[j];
+            sb = {
+                    stream.id,        mNextBufferId,  ::android::dupToAidl(handle),
+                    BufferStatus::OK, NativeHandle(), NativeHandle(),
+            };
+
+            mOutstandingBufferIds[idx][mNextBufferId++] = ::android::dupToAidl(handle);
+        }
+        atLeastOneStreamOk = true;
+        bufRets[i].streamId = stream.id;
+        bufRets[i].val.set<StreamBuffersVal::Tag::buffers>(std::move(tmpRetBuffers));
+    }
+
+    if (allStreamOk) {
+        *_aidl_return = BufferRequestStatus::OK;
+    } else if (atLeastOneStreamOk) {
+        *_aidl_return = BufferRequestStatus::FAILED_PARTIAL;
+    } else {
+        *_aidl_return = BufferRequestStatus::FAILED_UNKNOWN;
+    }
+
+    if (!hasOutstandingBuffersLocked()) {
+        l.unlock();
+        mFlushedCondition.notify_one();
+    }
+
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ScopedAStatus DeviceCb::returnStreamBuffers(const std::vector<StreamBuffer>& buffers) {
+    if (!mUseHalBufManager) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Camera does not support HAL buffer management", __FUNCTION__);
+        ADD_FAILURE();
+    }
+
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+    for (const auto& buf : buffers) {
+        if (buf.bufferId == 0) {
+            // Don't return buffers of bufId 0 (empty buffer)
+            continue;
+        }
+        bool found = false;
+        for (size_t idx = 0; idx < mOutstandingBufferIds.size(); idx++) {
+            if (mStreams[idx].id == buf.streamId &&
+                mOutstandingBufferIds[idx].count(buf.bufferId) == 1) {
+                mOutstandingBufferIds[idx].erase(buf.bufferId);
+                // TODO: check do we need to close/delete native handle or assume we have enough
+                // memory to run till the test finish? since we do not capture much requests (and
+                // most of time one buffer is sufficient)
+                found = true;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (found) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        ALOGE("%s: unknown buffer ID %" PRIu64, __FUNCTION__, buf.bufferId);
+        ADD_FAILURE();
+    }
+    if (!hasOutstandingBuffersLocked()) {
+        l.unlock();
+        mFlushedCondition.notify_one();
+    }
+
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+void DeviceCb::setCurrentStreamConfig(const std::vector<Stream>& streams,
+                                      const std::vector<HalStream>& halStreams) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(streams.size(), halStreams.size());
+    ASSERT_NE(streams.size(), 0);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < streams.size(); i++) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(streams[i].id, halStreams[i].id);
+    }
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(mLock);
+    mUseHalBufManager = true;
+    mStreams = streams;
+    mHalStreams = halStreams;
+    mOutstandingBufferIds.clear();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < streams.size(); i++) {
+        mOutstandingBufferIds.emplace_back();
+    }
+}
+
+void DeviceCb::waitForBuffersReturned() {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(mLock);
+    if (hasOutstandingBuffersLocked()) {
+        auto timeout = std::chrono::seconds(kBufferReturnTimeoutSec);
+        auto st = mFlushedCondition.wait_for(lk, timeout);
+        ASSERT_NE(std::cv_status::timeout, st);
+    }
+}
+
+bool DeviceCb::processCaptureResultLocked(
+        const CaptureResult& results, std::vector<PhysicalCameraMetadata> physicalCameraMetadata) {
+    bool notify = false;
+    uint32_t frameNumber = results.frameNumber;
+
+    if ((results.result.metadata.empty()) && (results.outputBuffers.empty()) &&
+        (results.inputBuffer.buffer.fds.empty()) && (results.fmqResultSize == 0)) {
+        ALOGE("%s: No result data provided by HAL for frame %d result count: %d", __func__,
+              frameNumber, (int)results.fmqResultSize);
+        ADD_FAILURE();
+        return notify;
+    }
+
+    auto requestEntry = mParent->mInflightMap.find(frameNumber);
+    if (requestEntry == mParent->mInflightMap.end()) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Unexpected frame number! received: %u", __func__, frameNumber);
+        ADD_FAILURE();
+        return notify;
+    }
+
+    bool isPartialResult = false;
+    bool hasInputBufferInRequest = false;
+    auto& request = requestEntry->second;
+
+    CameraMetadata resultMetadata;
+    size_t resultSize = 0;
+    if (results.fmqResultSize > 0) {
+        resultMetadata.metadata.resize(results.fmqResultSize);
+        if (request->resultQueue == nullptr) {
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+            return notify;
+        }
+
+        if (!request->resultQueue->read(reinterpret_cast<int8_t*>(resultMetadata.metadata.data()),
+                                        results.fmqResultSize)) {
+            ALOGE("%s: Frame %d: Cannot read camera metadata from fmq,"
+                  "size = %" PRIu64,
+                  __func__, frameNumber, results.fmqResultSize);
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+            return notify;
+        }
+
+        // Physical device results are only expected in the last/final
+        // partial result notification.
+        bool expectPhysicalResults = !(request->usePartialResult &&
+                                       (results.partialResult < request->numPartialResults));
+        if (expectPhysicalResults &&
+            (physicalCameraMetadata.size() != request->expectedPhysicalResults.size())) {
+            ALOGE("%s: Frame %d: Returned physical metadata count %zu "
+                  "must be equal to expected count %zu",
+                  __func__, frameNumber, physicalCameraMetadata.size(),
+                  request->expectedPhysicalResults.size());
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+            return notify;
+        }
+        std::vector<std::vector<uint8_t>> physResultMetadata;
+        physResultMetadata.resize(physicalCameraMetadata.size());
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < physicalCameraMetadata.size(); i++) {
+            physResultMetadata[i].resize(physicalCameraMetadata[i].fmqMetadataSize);
+            if (!request->resultQueue->read(reinterpret_cast<int8_t*>(physResultMetadata[i].data()),
+                                            physicalCameraMetadata[i].fmqMetadataSize)) {
+                ALOGE("%s: Frame %d: Cannot read physical camera metadata from fmq,"
+                      "size = %" PRIu64,
+                      __func__, frameNumber, physicalCameraMetadata[i].fmqMetadataSize);
+                ADD_FAILURE();
+                return notify;
+            }
+        }
+        resultSize = resultMetadata.metadata.size();
+    } else if (!results.result.metadata.empty()) {
+        resultMetadata = results.result;
+        resultSize = resultMetadata.metadata.size();
+    }
+
+    if (!request->usePartialResult && (resultSize > 0) && (results.partialResult != 1)) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Result is malformed for frame %d: partial_result %u "
+              "must be 1  if partial result is not supported",
+              __func__, frameNumber, results.partialResult);
+        ADD_FAILURE();
+        return notify;
+    }
+
+    if (results.partialResult != 0) {
+        request->partialResultCount = results.partialResult;
+    }
+
+    // Check if this result carries only partial metadata
+    if (request->usePartialResult && (resultSize > 0)) {
+        if ((results.partialResult > request->numPartialResults) || (results.partialResult < 1)) {
+            ALOGE("%s: Result is malformed for frame %d: partial_result %u"
+                  " must be  in the range of [1, %d] when metadata is "
+                  "included in the result",
+                  __func__, frameNumber, results.partialResult, request->numPartialResults);
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+            return notify;
+        }
+
+        // Verify no duplicate tags between partial results
+        const camera_metadata_t* partialMetadata =
+                reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(resultMetadata.metadata.data());
+        const camera_metadata_t* collectedMetadata = request->collectedResult.getAndLock();
+        camera_metadata_ro_entry_t searchEntry, foundEntry;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < get_camera_metadata_entry_count(partialMetadata); i++) {
+            if (0 != get_camera_metadata_ro_entry(partialMetadata, i, &searchEntry)) {
+                ADD_FAILURE();
+                request->collectedResult.unlock(collectedMetadata);
+                return notify;
+            }
+            if (-ENOENT !=
+                find_camera_metadata_ro_entry(collectedMetadata, searchEntry.tag, &foundEntry)) {
+                ADD_FAILURE();
+                request->collectedResult.unlock(collectedMetadata);
+                return notify;
+            }
+        }
+        request->collectedResult.unlock(collectedMetadata);
+        request->collectedResult.append(partialMetadata);
+
+        isPartialResult = (results.partialResult < request->numPartialResults);
+    } else if (resultSize > 0) {
+        request->collectedResult.append(
+                reinterpret_cast<const camera_metadata_t*>(resultMetadata.metadata.data()));
+        isPartialResult = false;
+    }
+
+    hasInputBufferInRequest = request->hasInputBuffer;
+
+    // Did we get the (final) result metadata for this capture?
+    if ((resultSize > 0) && !isPartialResult) {
+        if (request->haveResultMetadata) {
+            ALOGE("%s: Called multiple times with metadata for frame %d", __func__, frameNumber);
+            ADD_FAILURE();
+            return notify;
+        }
+        request->haveResultMetadata = true;
+        request->collectedResult.sort();
+
+        // Verify final result metadata
+        auto staticMetadataBuffer = mStaticMetadata;
+        bool isMonochrome = Status::OK == CameraAidlTest::isMonochromeCamera(staticMetadataBuffer);
+        if (isMonochrome) {
+            CameraAidlTest::verifyMonochromeCameraResult(request->collectedResult);
+        }
+
+        // Verify logical camera result metadata
+        bool isLogicalCamera =
+                Status::OK == CameraAidlTest::isLogicalMultiCamera(staticMetadataBuffer);
+        if (isLogicalCamera) {
+            camera_metadata_t* collectedMetadata =
+                    const_cast<camera_metadata_t*>(request->collectedResult.getAndLock());
+            uint8_t* rawMetadata = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(collectedMetadata);
+            std::vector metadata = std::vector(
+                    rawMetadata, rawMetadata + get_camera_metadata_size(collectedMetadata));
+            CameraAidlTest::verifyLogicalCameraResult(staticMetadataBuffer, metadata);
+            request->collectedResult.unlock(collectedMetadata);
+        }
+    }
+
+    uint32_t numBuffersReturned = results.outputBuffers.size();
+    auto& inputBuffer = results.inputBuffer.buffer;
+    if (!inputBuffer.fds.empty() && !inputBuffer.ints.empty()) {
+        if (hasInputBufferInRequest) {
+            numBuffersReturned += 1;
+        } else {
+            ALOGW("%s: Input buffer should be NULL if there is no input"
+                  " buffer sent in the request",
+                  __func__);
+        }
+    }
+    request->numBuffersLeft -= numBuffersReturned;
+    if (request->numBuffersLeft < 0) {
+        ALOGE("%s: Too many buffers returned for frame %d", __func__, frameNumber);
+        ADD_FAILURE();
+        return notify;
+    }
+
+    for (const auto& buffer : results.outputBuffers) {
+        // wait for the fence timestamp and store it along with the buffer
+        // TODO: Check if we really need the dup here
+        android::sp<android::Fence> releaseFence = nullptr;
+        if (buffer.releaseFence.fds.size() == 1 && buffer.releaseFence.fds[0].get() >= 0) {
+            releaseFence = new android::Fence(dup(buffer.releaseFence.fds[0].get()));
+        }
+
+        CameraAidlTest::InFlightRequest::StreamBufferAndTimestamp streamBufferAndTimestamp;
+        streamBufferAndTimestamp.buffer = {buffer.streamId,
+                                           buffer.bufferId,
+                                           ::android::makeFromAidl(buffer.buffer),
+                                           buffer.status,
+                                           ::android::makeFromAidl(buffer.acquireFence),
+                                           ::android::makeFromAidl(buffer.releaseFence)};
+        streamBufferAndTimestamp.timeStamp = systemTime();
+        if (releaseFence && releaseFence->isValid()) {
+            releaseFence->wait(/*ms*/ 300);
+            nsecs_t releaseTime = releaseFence->getSignalTime();
+            if (streamBufferAndTimestamp.timeStamp < releaseTime)
+                streamBufferAndTimestamp.timeStamp = releaseTime;
+        }
+        request->resultOutputBuffers.push_back(streamBufferAndTimestamp);
+    }
+    // If shutter event is received notify the pending threads.
+    if (request->shutterTimestamp != 0) {
+        notify = true;
+    }
+
+    if (mUseHalBufManager) {
+        returnStreamBuffers(results.outputBuffers);
+    }
+    return notify;
+}
+
+ScopedAStatus DeviceCb::notifyHelper(
+        const std::vector<NotifyMsg>& msgs,
+        const std::vector<std::pair<bool, nsecs_t>>& readoutTimestamps) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(mParent->mLock);
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < msgs.size(); i++) {
+        const NotifyMsg& msg = msgs[i];
+        NotifyMsg::Tag msgTag = msgs[i].getTag();
+        switch (msgTag) {
+            case NotifyMsg::Tag::error:
+                if (ErrorCode::ERROR_DEVICE == msg.get<NotifyMsg::Tag::error>().errorCode) {
+                    ALOGE("%s: Camera reported serious device error", __func__);
+                    ADD_FAILURE();
+                } else {
+                    auto itr = mParent->mInflightMap.find(
+                            msg.get<NotifyMsg::Tag::error>().frameNumber);
+                    if (itr == mParent->mInflightMap.end()) {
+                        ALOGE("%s: Unexpected error frame number! received: %u", __func__,
+                              msg.get<NotifyMsg::Tag::error>().frameNumber);
+                        ADD_FAILURE();
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    auto r = itr->second;
+                    if (ErrorCode::ERROR_RESULT == msg.get<NotifyMsg::Tag::error>().errorCode &&
+                        msg.get<NotifyMsg::Tag::error>().errorStreamId != -1) {
+                        if (r->haveResultMetadata) {
+                            ALOGE("%s: Camera must report physical camera result error before "
+                                  "the final capture result!",
+                                  __func__);
+                            ADD_FAILURE();
+                        } else {
+                            for (auto& mStream : mStreams) {
+                                if (mStream.id == msg.get<NotifyMsg::Tag::error>().errorStreamId) {
+                                    std::string physicalCameraId = mStream.physicalCameraId;
+                                    bool idExpected =
+                                            r->expectedPhysicalResults.find(physicalCameraId) !=
+                                            r->expectedPhysicalResults.end();
+                                    if (!idExpected) {
+                                        ALOGE("%s: ERROR_RESULT's error stream's physicalCameraId "
+                                              "%s must be expected",
+                                              __func__, physicalCameraId.c_str());
+                                        ADD_FAILURE();
+                                    } else {
+                                        r->expectedPhysicalResults.erase(physicalCameraId);
+                                    }
+                                    break;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        r->errorCodeValid = true;
+                        r->errorCode = msg.get<NotifyMsg::Tag::error>().errorCode;
+                        r->errorStreamId = msg.get<NotifyMsg::Tag::error>().errorStreamId;
+                    }
+                }
+                break;
+            case NotifyMsg::Tag::shutter:
+                auto itr =
+                        mParent->mInflightMap.find(msg.get<NotifyMsg::Tag::shutter>().frameNumber);
+                if (itr == mParent->mInflightMap.end()) {
+                    ALOGE("%s: Unexpected shutter frame number! received: %u", __func__,
+                          msg.get<NotifyMsg::Tag::shutter>().frameNumber);
+                    ADD_FAILURE();
+                    break;
+                }
+                auto& r = itr->second;
+                r->shutterTimestamp = msg.get<NotifyMsg::Tag::shutter>().timestamp;
+                r->shutterReadoutTimestampValid = readoutTimestamps[i].first;
+                r->shutterReadoutTimestamp = readoutTimestamps[i].second;
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    mParent->mResultCondition.notify_one();
+    return ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+bool DeviceCb::hasOutstandingBuffersLocked() {
+    if (!mUseHalBufManager) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (const auto& outstandingBuffers : mOutstandingBufferIds) {
+        if (!outstandingBuffers.empty()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.h b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..82ca10d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/device_cb.h
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_DEVICECB_H_
+#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_DEVICECB_H_
+
+#include <camera_aidl_test.h>
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#include <CameraMetadata.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/BnCameraDeviceCallback.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/NotifyMsg.h>
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::BnCameraDeviceCallback;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::BufferRequest;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::BufferRequestStatus;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::CaptureResult;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::HalStream;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::NotifyMsg;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::PhysicalCameraMetadata;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::Stream;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::StreamBuffer;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::StreamBufferRet;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::common::NativeHandle;
+
+using ::ndk::ScopedAStatus;
+
+class CameraAidlTest;
+
+class DeviceCb : public BnCameraDeviceCallback {
+  public:
+    DeviceCb(CameraAidlTest* parent, camera_metadata_t* staticMeta);
+    ScopedAStatus notify(const std::vector<NotifyMsg>& msgs) override;
+    ScopedAStatus processCaptureResult(const std::vector<CaptureResult>& results) override;
+    ScopedAStatus requestStreamBuffers(const std::vector<BufferRequest>& bufReqs,
+                                       std::vector<StreamBufferRet>* buffers,
+                                       BufferRequestStatus* _aidl_return) override;
+    ScopedAStatus returnStreamBuffers(const std::vector<StreamBuffer>& buffers) override;
+
+    void setCurrentStreamConfig(const std::vector<Stream>& streams,
+                                const std::vector<HalStream>& halStreams);
+
+    void waitForBuffersReturned();
+
+  private:
+    bool processCaptureResultLocked(const CaptureResult& results,
+                                    std::vector<PhysicalCameraMetadata> physicalCameraMetadata);
+    ScopedAStatus notifyHelper(const std::vector<NotifyMsg>& msgs,
+                               const std::vector<std::pair<bool, nsecs_t>>& readoutTimestamps);
+
+    CameraAidlTest* mParent;  // Parent object
+
+    camera_metadata_t* mStaticMetadata;
+    bool hasOutstandingBuffersLocked();
+
+    /* members for requestStreamBuffers() and returnStreamBuffers()*/
+    std::mutex mLock;  // protecting members below
+    bool mUseHalBufManager = false;
+    std::vector<Stream> mStreams;
+    std::vector<HalStream> mHalStreams;
+    int64_t mNextBufferId = 1;
+    using OutstandingBuffers = std::unordered_map<uint64_t, NativeHandle>;
+    // size == mStreams.size(). Tracking each streams outstanding buffers
+    std::vector<OutstandingBuffers> mOutstandingBufferIds;
+    std::condition_variable mFlushedCondition;
+};
+
+#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_DEVICECB_H_
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/empty_device_cb.cpp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/empty_device_cb.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38b0d4c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/empty_device_cb.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "empty_device_cb.h"
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+ScopedAStatus EmptyDeviceCb::notify(const std::vector<NotifyMsg>&) {
+    ALOGI("notify callback");
+    ADD_FAILURE();  // Empty callback should not reach here
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+ScopedAStatus EmptyDeviceCb::processCaptureResult(const std::vector<CaptureResult>&) {
+    ALOGI("processCaptureResult callback");
+    ADD_FAILURE();  // Empty callback should not reach here
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+ScopedAStatus EmptyDeviceCb::requestStreamBuffers(const std::vector<BufferRequest>&,
+                                                  std::vector<StreamBufferRet>*,
+                                                  BufferRequestStatus* _aidl_return) {
+    ALOGI("requestStreamBuffers callback");
+    // HAL might want to request buffer after configureStreams, but tests with EmptyDeviceCb
+    // doesn't actually need to send capture requests, so just return an error.
+    *_aidl_return = BufferRequestStatus::FAILED_UNKNOWN;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+ScopedAStatus EmptyDeviceCb::returnStreamBuffers(const std::vector<StreamBuffer>&) {
+    ALOGI("returnStreamBuffers");
+    ADD_FAILURE();  // Empty callback should not reach here
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/empty_device_cb.h b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/empty_device_cb.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e777513
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/empty_device_cb.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_EMPTY_DEVICE_CB_H_
+#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_EMPTY_DEVICE_CB_H_
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/BnCameraDeviceCallback.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+using namespace ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device;
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device::BnCameraDeviceCallback;
+using ::ndk::ScopedAStatus;
+
+class EmptyDeviceCb : public BnCameraDeviceCallback {
+  public:
+    ScopedAStatus notify(const std::vector<NotifyMsg>& msgs) override;
+    ScopedAStatus processCaptureResult(const std::vector<::CaptureResult>& results) override;
+    ScopedAStatus requestStreamBuffers(const std::vector<BufferRequest>& bufReqs,
+                                       std::vector<StreamBufferRet>* buffers,
+                                       BufferRequestStatus* _aidl_return) override;
+    ScopedAStatus returnStreamBuffers(const std::vector<StreamBuffer>& buffers) override;
+};
+
+#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_EMPTY_DEVICE_CB_H_
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/simple_device_cb.cpp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/simple_device_cb.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9a2c73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/simple_device_cb.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "simple_device_cb.h"
+
+ScopedAStatus SimpleDeviceCb::notify(const std::vector<NotifyMsg>& msgs) {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> l(mParent->mLock);
+    mParent->mNotifyMessages = msgs;
+    mParent->mResultCondition.notify_one();
+
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+ScopedAStatus SimpleDeviceCb::processCaptureResult(const std::vector<CaptureResult>&) {
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromStatus(STATUS_UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION);
+}
+ScopedAStatus SimpleDeviceCb::requestStreamBuffers(const std::vector<BufferRequest>&,
+                                                   std::vector<StreamBufferRet>*,
+                                                   BufferRequestStatus*) {
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromStatus(STATUS_UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION);
+}
+ScopedAStatus SimpleDeviceCb::returnStreamBuffers(const std::vector<StreamBuffer>&) {
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromStatus(STATUS_UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION);
+}
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/simple_device_cb.h b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/simple_device_cb.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6beffc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/simple_device_cb.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_SIMPLE_DEVICE_CB_H_
+#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_SIMPLE_DEVICE_CB_H_
+
+#include "camera_aidl_test.h"
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/camera/device/BnCameraDeviceCallback.h>
+
+using namespace ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::device;
+
+class SimpleDeviceCb : public BnCameraDeviceCallback {
+  public:
+    ScopedAStatus notify(const std::vector<NotifyMsg>& msgs) override;
+    ScopedAStatus processCaptureResult(const std::vector<CaptureResult>& results) override;
+    ScopedAStatus requestStreamBuffers(const std::vector<BufferRequest>& bufReqs,
+                                       std::vector<StreamBufferRet>* buffers,
+                                       BufferRequestStatus* _aidl_return) override;
+    virtual ScopedAStatus returnStreamBuffers(const std::vector<StreamBuffer>& buffers) override;
+
+  private:
+    CameraAidlTest* mParent;
+};
+
+#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_SIMPLE_DEVICE_CB_H_
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/torch_provider_cb.cpp b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/torch_provider_cb.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..52240df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/torch_provider_cb.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "torch_provider_cb.h"
+
+TorchProviderCb::TorchProviderCb(CameraAidlTest* parent) {
+    mParent = parent;
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus TorchProviderCb::torchModeStatusChange(const std::string&,
+                                                          TorchModeStatus newStatus) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> l(mParent->mTorchLock);
+    mParent->mTorchStatus = newStatus;
+    mParent->mTorchCond.notify_one();
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+ScopedAStatus TorchProviderCb::cameraDeviceStatusChange(
+        const std::string&, ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::CameraDeviceStatus) {
+    // Should not be called
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromStatus(STATUS_UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION);
+}
+ScopedAStatus TorchProviderCb::physicalCameraDeviceStatusChange(
+        const std::string&, const std::string&,
+        ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::CameraDeviceStatus) {
+    // Should not be called
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromStatus(STATUS_UNKNOWN_TRANSACTION);
+}
diff --git a/camera/provider/aidl/vts/torch_provider_cb.h b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/torch_provider_cb.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0353254
--- /dev/null
+++ b/camera/provider/aidl/vts/torch_provider_cb.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2022 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_TORCH_PROVIDER_CB_H_
+#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_TORCH_PROVIDER_CB_H_
+
+#import <aidl/android/hardware/camera/provider/BnCameraProviderCallback.h>
+#import <camera_aidl_test.h>
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::TorchModeStatus;
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::provider::BnCameraProviderCallback;
+
+class TorchProviderCb : public BnCameraProviderCallback {
+  public:
+    TorchProviderCb(CameraAidlTest* parent);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus torchModeStatusChange(const std::string& cameraDeviceName,
+                                             TorchModeStatus newStatus) override;
+
+    ScopedAStatus cameraDeviceStatusChange(
+            const std::string& in_cameraDeviceName,
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::CameraDeviceStatus in_newStatus) override;
+
+    ScopedAStatus physicalCameraDeviceStatusChange(
+            const std::string& in_cameraDeviceName, const std::string& in_physicalCameraDeviceName,
+            ::aidl::android::hardware::camera::common::CameraDeviceStatus in_newStatus) override;
+
+  private:
+    CameraAidlTest* mParent;
+};
+
+#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_CAMERA_PROVIDER_AIDL_VTS_TORCH_PROVIDER_CB_H_