Merge changes from topic "revert-uncache-hal-buffers-vts"

* changes:
  Revert "Add VTS test for clearing buffer slots to Composer HIDL and AIDL"
  Revert "Add VTS readback tests for buffer slot clearing"
  Revert "Add VTS for new API for clearing buffer slots"
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_1TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_1TargetTest.cpp
index b66ee19..4822678 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -657,7 +657,6 @@
                                                              IComposerClient::Attribute::WIDTH);
         mDisplayHeight = mComposerClient->getDisplayAttribute(mPrimaryDisplay, activeConfig,
                                                               IComposerClient::Attribute::HEIGHT);
-
         mWriter = std::make_unique<CommandWriterBase>(1024);
         mReader = std::make_unique<TestCommandReader>();
     }
@@ -667,13 +666,11 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(GraphicsComposerHidlTest::TearDown());
     }
 
-    NativeHandleWrapper allocate() { return allocate(mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight); }
-
-    NativeHandleWrapper allocate(uint32_t width, uint32_t height) {
+    NativeHandleWrapper allocate() {
         uint64_t usage =
                 static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN |
                                       BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OVERLAY);
-        return mGralloc->allocate(width, height, 1, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888, usage);
+        return mGralloc->allocate(mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, 1, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888, usage);
     }
 
     void execute() { mComposerClient->execute(mReader.get(), mWriter.get()); }
@@ -887,57 +884,6 @@
 }
 
 /**
- * Test IComposerClient::Command::SET_LAYER_BUFFER with the behavior used for clearing buffer slots.
- */
-TEST_P(GraphicsComposerHidlCommandTest, SET_LAYER_BUFFER_TO_CLEAR_BUFFER_SLOTS) {
-    // A buffer used to clear buffer slots
-    auto clearSlotBuffer = allocate(1u, 1u);
-
-    auto handle1 = allocate();
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, handle1.get());
-    IComposerClient::Rect displayFrame{0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight};
-    Layer layer;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-            layer = mComposerClient->createLayer(mPrimaryDisplay, kBufferSlotCount));
-    mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-    mWriter->selectLayer(layer);
-    mWriter->setLayerCompositionType(IComposerClient::Composition::DEVICE);
-    mWriter->setLayerDisplayFrame(displayFrame);
-    mWriter->setLayerBuffer(0, handle1.get(), -1);
-    mWriter->setLayerDataspace(Dataspace::UNKNOWN);
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-    if (mReader->mCompositionChanges.size() != 0) {
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Composition change requested, skipping test";
-        return;
-    }
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    // Ensure we can clear a buffer slot and then set that same slot with a new buffer
-    auto handle2 = allocate();
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, handle2.get());
-    mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-    mWriter->selectLayer(layer);
-    mWriter->setLayerBuffer(0, clearSlotBuffer.get(), -1);
-    mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-    mWriter->selectLayer(layer);
-    mWriter->setLayerBuffer(0, handle2.get(), -1);
-    mWriter->validateDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-
-    mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-    mWriter->presentDisplay();
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
-}
-
-/**
  * Test IComposerClient::Command::SET_LAYER_SURFACE_DAMAGE.
  */
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerHidlCommandTest, SET_LAYER_SURFACE_DAMAGE) {
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ComposerVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ComposerVts.cpp
index a6dfcaf..d4f0281 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ComposerVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ComposerVts.cpp
@@ -126,23 +126,15 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, error) << "failed to setReadbackBuffer";
 }
 
-void ComposerClient::getRequiredReadbackBufferAttributes(Display display,
-                                                         PixelFormat* outPixelFormat,
-                                                         Dataspace* outDataspace) {
-    ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, getReadbackBufferAttributes(display, outPixelFormat, outDataspace));
-}
-
-Error ComposerClient::getReadbackBufferAttributes(Display display, PixelFormat* outPixelFormat,
-                                                  Dataspace* outDataspace) {
-    Error error;
+void ComposerClient::getReadbackBufferAttributes(Display display, PixelFormat* outPixelFormat,
+                                                 Dataspace* outDataspace) {
     mClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
-            display, [&](const Error& tmpError, const PixelFormat& tmpPixelFormat,
-                         const Dataspace& tmpDataspace) {
-                error = tmpError;
-                *outPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
-                *outDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+            display,
+            [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpOutPixelFormat, const auto& tmpOutDataspace) {
+                ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, tmpError) << "failed to get readback buffer attributes";
+                *outPixelFormat = tmpOutPixelFormat;
+                *outDataspace = tmpOutDataspace;
             });
-    return error;
 }
 
 void ComposerClient::getReadbackBufferFence(Display display, int32_t* outFence) {
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ReadbackVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ReadbackVts.cpp
index 5dd68df..a1794af 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ReadbackVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/ReadbackVts.cpp
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@
 #include "renderengine/ExternalTexture.h"
 #include "renderengine/impl/ExternalTexture.h"
 
-using ::android::status_t;
-
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace graphics {
@@ -109,40 +107,6 @@
     }
 }
 
-void ReadbackHelper::fillBufferAndGetFence(const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
-                                           IComposerClient::Color desiredColor, int* fillFence) {
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, fillFence);
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> desiredColors(
-            static_cast<size_t>(graphicBuffer->getWidth() * graphicBuffer->getHeight()));
-    ::android::Rect bounds = graphicBuffer->getBounds();
-    fillColorsArea(desiredColors, static_cast<int32_t>(graphicBuffer->getWidth()),
-                   {bounds.left, bounds.top, bounds.right, bounds.bottom}, desiredColor);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(fillBufferAndGetFence(graphicBuffer, desiredColors, fillFence));
-}
-
-void ReadbackHelper::fillBufferAndGetFence(const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
-                                           const std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& desiredColors,
-                                           int* fillFence) {
-    ASSERT_TRUE(graphicBuffer->getPixelFormat() == ::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGB_888 ||
-                graphicBuffer->getPixelFormat() == ::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888);
-    void* bufData;
-    int32_t bytesPerPixel = -1;
-    int32_t bytesPerStride = -1;
-    status_t status =
-            graphicBuffer->lock(GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN,
-                                &bufData, &bytesPerPixel, &bytesPerStride);
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
-
-    const uint32_t stride = (bytesPerPixel > 0 && bytesPerStride > 0)
-                                    ? static_cast<uint32_t>(bytesPerStride / bytesPerPixel)
-                                    : graphicBuffer->getStride();
-    ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(graphicBuffer->getWidth(), graphicBuffer->getHeight(), stride,
-                               bufData, static_cast<PixelFormat>(graphicBuffer->getPixelFormat()),
-                               desiredColors);
-    status = graphicBuffer->unlockAsync(fillFence);
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
-}
-
 void ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(int32_t width, int32_t height, uint32_t stride, void* bufferData,
                                 PixelFormat pixelFormat,
                                 std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> desiredPixelColors) {
@@ -152,16 +116,16 @@
     for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
         for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
             int pixel = row * width + col;
-            IComposerClient::Color desiredColor = desiredPixelColors[pixel];
+            IComposerClient::Color srcColor = desiredPixelColors[pixel];
 
             int offset = (row * stride + col) * bytesPerPixel;
             uint8_t* pixelColor = (uint8_t*)bufferData + offset;
-            pixelColor[0] = desiredColor.r;
-            pixelColor[1] = desiredColor.g;
-            pixelColor[2] = desiredColor.b;
+            pixelColor[0] = srcColor.r;
+            pixelColor[1] = srcColor.g;
+            pixelColor[2] = srcColor.b;
 
             if (bytesPerPixel == 4) {
-                pixelColor[3] = desiredColor.a;
+                pixelColor[3] = srcColor.a;
             }
         }
     }
@@ -188,14 +152,12 @@
     }
 }
 
-bool ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(PixelFormat pixelFormat, Dataspace dataspace, Error error) {
+bool ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(const PixelFormat& pixelFormat, const Dataspace& dataspace,
+                                       const Error error) {
     if (error != Error::NONE) {
         return false;
     }
-    return readbackSupported(pixelFormat, dataspace);
-}
-
-bool ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(PixelFormat pixelFormat, Dataspace dataspace) {
+    // TODO: add support for RGBA_1010102
     if (pixelFormat != PixelFormat::RGB_888 && pixelFormat != PixelFormat::RGBA_8888) {
         return false;
     }
@@ -205,94 +167,71 @@
     return true;
 }
 
-void ReadbackHelper::createReadbackBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, PixelFormat pixelFormat,
-                                          Dataspace dataspace, sp<GraphicBuffer>* graphicBuffer) {
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, graphicBuffer);
-    if (!readbackSupported(pixelFormat, dataspace)) {
-        *graphicBuffer = nullptr;
-    }
-    android::PixelFormat bufferFormat = static_cast<android::PixelFormat>(pixelFormat);
-    uint32_t layerCount = 1;
-    uint64_t usage = static_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
-                                           static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::GPU_TEXTURE));
-    *graphicBuffer = sp<GraphicBuffer>::make(width, height, bufferFormat, layerCount, usage,
-                                             "ReadbackBuffer");
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, *graphicBuffer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, (*graphicBuffer)->initCheck());
-}
-
-void ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(IComposerClient::Color expectedColor,
-                                          const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer, int32_t fence) {
-    std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(
-            static_cast<size_t>(graphicBuffer->getWidth() * graphicBuffer->getHeight()));
-    ::android::Rect bounds = graphicBuffer->getBounds();
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, static_cast<int32_t>(graphicBuffer->getWidth()),
-                   {bounds.left, bounds.top, bounds.right, bounds.bottom}, expectedColor);
-    compareColorsToBuffer(expectedColors, graphicBuffer, fence);
-}
-
-void ReadbackHelper::compareColorsToBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors,
-                                           const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer, int32_t fence) {
-    ASSERT_TRUE(graphicBuffer->getPixelFormat() == ::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGB_888 ||
-                graphicBuffer->getPixelFormat() == ::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888);
-
-    int bytesPerPixel = -1;
-    int bytesPerStride = -1;
-    void* bufData = nullptr;
-    status_t status = graphicBuffer->lockAsync(GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN, &bufData, fence,
-                                               &bytesPerPixel, &bytesPerStride);
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
-
-    const uint32_t stride = (bytesPerPixel > 0 && bytesPerStride > 0)
-                                    ? static_cast<uint32_t>(bytesPerStride / bytesPerPixel)
-                                    : graphicBuffer->getStride();
-
-    if (bytesPerPixel == -1) {
-        PixelFormat pixelFormat = static_cast<PixelFormat>(graphicBuffer->getPixelFormat());
-        bytesPerPixel = ReadbackHelper::GetBytesPerPixel(pixelFormat);
-    }
+void ReadbackHelper::compareColorBuffers(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors,
+                                         void* bufferData, const uint32_t stride,
+                                         const uint32_t width, const uint32_t height,
+                                         const PixelFormat pixelFormat) {
+    const int32_t bytesPerPixel = ReadbackHelper::GetBytesPerPixel(pixelFormat);
     ASSERT_NE(-1, bytesPerPixel);
-    for (int row = 0; row < graphicBuffer->getHeight(); row++) {
-        for (int col = 0; col < graphicBuffer->getWidth(); col++) {
-            int pixel = row * static_cast<int32_t>(graphicBuffer->getWidth()) + col;
-            int offset = (row * static_cast<int32_t>(stride) + col) * bytesPerPixel;
-            uint8_t* pixelColor = (uint8_t*)bufData + offset;
-            const IComposerClient::Color expectedColor = expectedColors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)];
-            ASSERT_EQ(std::round(255.0f * expectedColor.r), pixelColor[0]);
-            ASSERT_EQ(std::round(255.0f * expectedColor.g), pixelColor[1]);
-            ASSERT_EQ(std::round(255.0f * expectedColor.b), pixelColor[2]);
+    for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
+        for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
+            int pixel = row * width + col;
+            int offset = (row * stride + col) * bytesPerPixel;
+            uint8_t* pixelColor = (uint8_t*)bufferData + offset;
+
+            ASSERT_EQ(expectedColors[pixel].r, pixelColor[0]);
+            ASSERT_EQ(expectedColors[pixel].g, pixelColor[1]);
+            ASSERT_EQ(expectedColors[pixel].b, pixelColor[2]);
         }
     }
-
-    status = graphicBuffer->unlock();
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
 }
 
 ReadbackBuffer::ReadbackBuffer(Display display, const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client,
-                               uint32_t width, uint32_t height, PixelFormat pixelFormat) {
+                               const std::shared_ptr<Gralloc>& gralloc, uint32_t width,
+                               uint32_t height, PixelFormat pixelFormat, Dataspace dataspace) {
     mDisplay = display;
+
     mComposerClient = client;
+    mGralloc = gralloc;
+
+    mPixelFormat = pixelFormat;
+    mDataspace = dataspace;
+
     mWidth = width;
     mHeight = height;
-    mPixelFormat = pixelFormat;
     mLayerCount = 1;
+    mFormat = mPixelFormat;
     mUsage = static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::GPU_TEXTURE);
+
+    mAccessRegion.top = 0;
+    mAccessRegion.left = 0;
+    mAccessRegion.width = width;
+    mAccessRegion.height = height;
 }
 
 void ReadbackBuffer::setReadbackBuffer() {
-    mGraphicBuffer = sp<GraphicBuffer>::make(mWidth, mHeight,
-                                             static_cast<::android::PixelFormat>(mPixelFormat),
-                                             mLayerCount, mUsage, "ReadbackBuffer");
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mGraphicBuffer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, mGraphicBuffer->initCheck());
-    mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(mDisplay, mGraphicBuffer->handle, -1 /* fence */);
+    mBufferHandle.reset(new Gralloc::NativeHandleWrapper(
+            mGralloc->allocate(mWidth, mHeight, mLayerCount, mFormat, mUsage,
+                               /*import*/ true, &mStride)));
+    ASSERT_NE(false, mGralloc->validateBufferSize(mBufferHandle->get(), mWidth, mHeight,
+                                                  mLayerCount, mFormat, mUsage, mStride));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(mDisplay, mBufferHandle->get(), -1));
 }
 
 void ReadbackBuffer::checkReadbackBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors) {
     // lock buffer for reading
     int32_t fenceHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(mDisplay, &fenceHandle));
-    ReadbackHelper::compareColorsToBuffer(expectedColors, mGraphicBuffer, fenceHandle);
+
+    void* bufData = mGralloc->lock(mBufferHandle->get(), mUsage, mAccessRegion, fenceHandle);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mPixelFormat == PixelFormat::RGB_888 || mPixelFormat == PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+    ReadbackHelper::compareColorBuffers(expectedColors, bufData, mStride, mWidth, mHeight,
+                                        mPixelFormat);
+    int32_t unlockFence = mGralloc->unlock(mBufferHandle->get());
+    if (unlockFence != -1) {
+        sync_wait(unlockFence, -1);
+        close(unlockFence);
+    }
 }
 
 void TestColorLayer::write(const std::shared_ptr<CommandWriterBase>& writer) {
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
index 254ff3b..1700b2a 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
@@ -83,7 +83,9 @@
 void TestRenderEngine::checkColorBuffer(std::vector<V2_2::IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors) {
     void* bufferData;
     ASSERT_EQ(0, mGraphicBuffer->lock(mGraphicBuffer->getUsage(), &bufferData));
-    ReadbackHelper::compareColorsToBuffer(expectedColors, mGraphicBuffer, -1 /* fence */);
+    ReadbackHelper::compareColorBuffers(expectedColors, bufferData, mGraphicBuffer->getStride(),
+                                        mGraphicBuffer->getWidth(), mGraphicBuffer->getHeight(),
+                                        mFormat);
     ASSERT_EQ(0, mGraphicBuffer->unlock());
 }
 
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/ComposerVts.h b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/ComposerVts.h
index bbf8ef3..02d7bdb 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/ComposerVts.h
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/ComposerVts.h
@@ -78,10 +78,8 @@
                                     PixelFormat format, Dataspace dataspace);
     void setPowerMode_2_2(Display display, IComposerClient::PowerMode mode);
     void setReadbackBuffer(Display display, const native_handle_t* buffer, int32_t releaseFence);
-    void getRequiredReadbackBufferAttributes(Display display, PixelFormat* outPixelFormat,
-                                             Dataspace* outDataspace);
-    Error getReadbackBufferAttributes(Display display, PixelFormat* outPixelFormat,
-                                      Dataspace* outDataspace);
+    void getReadbackBufferAttributes(Display display, PixelFormat* outPixelFormat,
+                                     Dataspace* outDataspace);
     void getReadbackBufferFence(Display display, int32_t* outFence);
 
     std::vector<ColorMode> getColorModes(Display display);
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/ReadbackVts.h b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/ReadbackVts.h
index 7100297..58efde9 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/ReadbackVts.h
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/utils/vts/include/composer-vts/2.2/ReadbackVts.h
@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@
 namespace V2_2 {
 namespace vts {
 
-using android::GraphicBuffer;
-using android::sp;
 using android::hardware::hidl_handle;
 using common::V1_1::BufferUsage;
 using common::V1_1::Dataspace;
@@ -158,13 +156,6 @@
 
     static int32_t GetBytesPerPixel(PixelFormat pixelFormat);
 
-    static void fillBufferAndGetFence(const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
-                                      IComposerClient::Color desiredColor, int* fillFence);
-
-    static void fillBufferAndGetFence(const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
-                                      const std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& desiredColors,
-                                      int* fillFence);
-
     static void fillBuffer(int32_t width, int32_t height, uint32_t stride, void* bufferData,
                            PixelFormat pixelFormat,
                            std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> desiredPixelColors);
@@ -175,39 +166,40 @@
     static void fillColorsArea(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors, int32_t stride,
                                IComposerClient::Rect area, IComposerClient::Color color);
 
+    static bool readbackSupported(const PixelFormat& pixelFormat, const Dataspace& dataspace,
+                                  const Error error);
+
     static const std::vector<ColorMode> colorModes;
     static const std::vector<Dataspace> dataspaces;
 
-    static bool readbackSupported(PixelFormat pixelFormat, Dataspace dataspace, Error error);
-    static bool readbackSupported(PixelFormat pixelFormat, Dataspace dataspace);
-
-    static void createReadbackBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, PixelFormat pixelFormat,
-                                     Dataspace dataspace, sp<GraphicBuffer>* graphicBuffer);
-
-    static void compareColorToBuffer(IComposerClient::Color expectedColors,
-                                     const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer, int32_t fence);
-
-    static void compareColorsToBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors,
-                                      const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer, int32_t fence);
+    static void compareColorBuffers(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color>& expectedColors,
+                                    void* bufferData, const uint32_t stride, const uint32_t width,
+                                    const uint32_t height, const PixelFormat pixelFormat);
 };
 
 class ReadbackBuffer {
   public:
-    ReadbackBuffer(Display display, const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client, uint32_t width,
-                   uint32_t height, PixelFormat pixelFormat);
+    ReadbackBuffer(Display display, const std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient>& client,
+                   const std::shared_ptr<Gralloc>& gralloc, uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
+                   PixelFormat pixelFormat, Dataspace dataspace);
 
     void setReadbackBuffer();
 
     void checkReadbackBuffer(std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors);
 
   protected:
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> mGraphicBuffer;
     uint32_t mWidth;
     uint32_t mHeight;
-    PixelFormat mPixelFormat;
     uint32_t mLayerCount;
+    PixelFormat mFormat;
     uint64_t mUsage;
+    AccessRegion mAccessRegion;
+    uint32_t mStride;
+    std::unique_ptr<Gralloc::NativeHandleWrapper> mBufferHandle = nullptr;
+    PixelFormat mPixelFormat;
+    Dataspace mDataspace;
     Display mDisplay;
+    std::shared_ptr<Gralloc> mGralloc;
     std::shared_ptr<ComposerClient> mComposerClient;
 };
 
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp
index 5b8ce3f..e2a0f4d 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2ReadbackTest.cpp
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 namespace {
 
 using android::Rect;
+using common::V1_1::BufferUsage;
 using common::V1_1::Dataspace;
 using common::V1_1::PixelFormat;
 using V2_1::Config;
@@ -99,8 +100,8 @@
 
         mTestRenderEngine->initGraphicBuffer(
                 static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayWidth), static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayHeight), 1,
-                GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN |
-                        GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_RENDER);
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN |
+                                      BufferUsage::GPU_RENDER_TARGET));
         mTestRenderEngine->setDisplaySettings(clientCompositionDisplay);
     }
 
@@ -115,22 +116,6 @@
         }
     }
 
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> allocateBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t usage) {
-        const auto& graphicBuffer = sp<GraphicBuffer>::make(
-                width, height, android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
-                /*layerCount*/ 1u, usage, "VtsHalGraphicsComposer2_2_ReadbackTest");
-
-        if (graphicBuffer && android::OK == graphicBuffer->initCheck()) {
-            return nullptr;
-        }
-        return graphicBuffer;
-    }
-
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> allocateBuffer(uint32_t usage) {
-        return allocateBuffer(static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayWidth),
-                              static_cast<uint32_t>(mDisplayHeight), usage);
-    }
-
     void clearCommandReaderState() {
         mReader->mCompositionChanges.clear();
         mReader->mErrors.clear();
@@ -208,9 +193,15 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
@@ -229,8 +220,8 @@
         std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
         ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, coloredSquare, BLUE);
 
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         writeLayers(layers);
@@ -264,9 +255,15 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
@@ -275,8 +272,8 @@
 
         mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
 
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
         ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
@@ -322,155 +319,6 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetLayerBufferWithSlotsToClear) {
-    Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                               &mDataspace);
-    if (error == Error::UNSUPPORTED) {
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback is unsupported";
-        return;
-    }
-    ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, error);
-
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> readbackBuffer;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::createReadbackBuffer(
-            mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace, &readbackBuffer));
-    if (readbackBuffer == nullptr) {
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Unsupported readback buffer attributes";
-        return;
-    }
-    // no fence needed for the readback buffer
-    int noFence = -1;
-
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> clearSlotBuffer = allocateBuffer(1u, 1u, GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_COMPOSER);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, clearSlotBuffer);
-
-    // red buffer
-    uint32_t usage = GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN;
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> redBuffer = allocateBuffer(usage);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, redBuffer);
-    int redFence;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBufferAndGetFence(redBuffer, RED, &redFence));
-
-    // blue buffer
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> blueBuffer = allocateBuffer(usage);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, blueBuffer);
-    int blueFence;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBufferAndGetFence(blueBuffer, BLUE, &blueFence));
-
-    // layer defaults
-    IComposerClient::Rect rectFullDisplay = {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight};
-    Layer layer = mComposerClient->createLayer(mPrimaryDisplay, 3);
-    mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-    mWriter->selectLayer(layer);
-    mWriter->setLayerDisplayFrame(rectFullDisplay);
-    mWriter->setLayerCompositionType(IComposerClient::Composition::DEVICE);
-
-    // set the layer to the blue buffer
-    // should be blue
-    {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(
-                mPrimaryDisplay, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence));
-        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        mWriter->selectLayer(layer);
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(/*slot*/ 0, blueBuffer->handle, blueFence);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay();
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader->mCompositionChanges.empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader->mErrors.size());
-        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        mWriter->presentDisplay();
-        execute();
-        int32_t fence;
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(mPrimaryDisplay, &fence));
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(BLUE, readbackBuffer, fence));
-    }
-
-    // change the layer to the red buffer
-    // should be red
-    {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(
-                mPrimaryDisplay, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence));
-        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        mWriter->selectLayer(layer);
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(/*slot*/ 1, redBuffer->handle, redFence);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay();
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader->mCompositionChanges.empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader->mErrors.size());
-        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        mWriter->presentDisplay();
-        execute();
-        int32_t fence;
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(mPrimaryDisplay, &fence));
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(RED, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-
-    // clear the slot for the blue buffer
-    // should still be red
-    {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(
-                mPrimaryDisplay, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence));
-        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        mWriter->selectLayer(layer);
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(/*slot*/ 0, clearSlotBuffer->handle, /*fence*/ -1);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay();
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader->mCompositionChanges.empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader->mErrors.size());
-        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        mWriter->presentDisplay();
-        execute();
-        int32_t fence;
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(mPrimaryDisplay, &fence));
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(RED, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-
-    // clear the slot for the red buffer, and set the buffer with the same slot to the blue buffer
-    // should be blue
-    {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(
-                mPrimaryDisplay, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence));
-        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        mWriter->selectLayer(layer);
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(/*slot*/ 1, clearSlotBuffer->handle, /*fence*/ -1);
-        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        mWriter->selectLayer(layer);
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(/*slot*/ 1, blueBuffer->handle, blueFence);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay();
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader->mCompositionChanges.empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader->mErrors.size());
-        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        mWriter->presentDisplay();
-        execute();
-        int32_t fence;
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(mPrimaryDisplay, &fence));
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(BLUE, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-
-    // clear the slot for the now-blue buffer
-    // should be black (no buffer)
-    // TODO(b/262037933) Ensure we never clear the active buffer's slot with the placeholder buffer
-    // by setting the layer to the color black
-    {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(
-                mPrimaryDisplay, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence));
-        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        mWriter->selectLayer(layer);
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(/*slot*/ 1, clearSlotBuffer->handle, /*fence*/ -1);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay();
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader->mCompositionChanges.empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader->mErrors.size());
-        mWriter->selectDisplay(mPrimaryDisplay);
-        mWriter->presentDisplay();
-        execute();
-        int32_t fence;
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(mPrimaryDisplay, &fence));
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(BLACK, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-}
-
 TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetLayerBufferNoEffect) {
     for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
         std::cout << "---Testing Color Mode " << ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(mode) << "---"
@@ -479,9 +327,15 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
@@ -496,7 +350,8 @@
         layer->write(mWriter);
 
         // This following buffer call should have no effect
-        uint32_t usage = GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN;
+        uint64_t usage =
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN);
         NativeHandleWrapper bufferHandle =
                 mGralloc->allocate(mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight, 1, PixelFormat::RGBA_8888, usage);
         mWriter->setLayerBuffer(0, bufferHandle.get(), -1);
@@ -505,8 +360,8 @@
         std::vector<IComposerClient::Color> expectedColors(mDisplayWidth * mDisplayHeight);
         ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, coloredSquare, BLUE);
 
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         mWriter->validateDisplay();
@@ -537,11 +392,15 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        PixelFormat pixelFormat;
-        Dataspace dataspace;
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &pixelFormat,
-                                                                   &dataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(pixelFormat, dataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
@@ -569,8 +428,8 @@
 
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
 
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         writeLayers(layers);
         ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
@@ -582,8 +441,9 @@
             ASSERT_EQ(1, mReader->mCompositionChanges[0].second);
 
             PixelFormat clientFormat = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
-            uint32_t clientUsage = GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN |
-                                   GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_FB;
+            uint64_t clientUsage = static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN |
+                                                         BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN |
+                                                         BufferUsage::COMPOSER_CLIENT_TARGET);
             Dataspace clientDataspace = ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode);
             IComposerClient::Rect damage{0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight};
 
@@ -650,9 +510,15 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
@@ -665,8 +531,8 @@
         ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
                                        {0, mDisplayHeight / 2, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, RED);
 
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         auto deviceLayer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(
@@ -686,8 +552,9 @@
         deviceLayer->write(mWriter);
 
         PixelFormat clientFormat = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
-        uint32_t clientUsage =
-                GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_FB;
+        uint64_t clientUsage =
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN |
+                                      BufferUsage::COMPOSER_CLIENT_TARGET);
         Dataspace clientDataspace = ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode);
         int32_t clientWidth = mDisplayWidth;
         int32_t clientHeight = mDisplayHeight / 2;
@@ -766,9 +633,15 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
@@ -792,8 +665,8 @@
 
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
 
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         writeLayers(layers);
@@ -845,9 +718,15 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
@@ -863,8 +742,8 @@
 
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
 
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
 
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
@@ -900,9 +779,15 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
@@ -934,8 +819,8 @@
         // update expected colors to match crop
         ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth,
                                        {0, 0, mDisplayWidth, mDisplayHeight}, BLUE);
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         writeLayers(layers);
         ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
@@ -965,9 +850,15 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
@@ -995,8 +886,8 @@
         ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, blueRect, BLUE);
         ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, mDisplayWidth, redRect, RED);
 
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         writeLayers(layers);
@@ -1128,9 +1019,15 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
@@ -1146,8 +1043,8 @@
         setUpLayers(IComposerClient::BlendMode::NONE);
         setExpectedColors(expectedColors);
 
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         writeLayers(mLayers);
         ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
@@ -1180,9 +1077,15 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
@@ -1199,8 +1102,8 @@
         setUpLayers(IComposerClient::BlendMode::COVERAGE);
         setExpectedColors(expectedColors);
 
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         writeLayers(mLayers);
         ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
@@ -1227,9 +1130,15 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
@@ -1244,8 +1153,8 @@
         setUpLayers(IComposerClient::BlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED);
         setExpectedColors(expectedColors);
 
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         writeLayers(mLayers);
         ASSERT_EQ(0, mReader->mErrors.size());
@@ -1313,16 +1222,22 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
         }
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         mLayer->setTransform(Transform::FLIP_H);
         mLayer->setDataspace(ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode), mWriter);
@@ -1362,16 +1277,22 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
         }
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         mLayer->setTransform(Transform::FLIP_V);
@@ -1411,16 +1332,22 @@
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
                 mComposerClient->setColorMode(mPrimaryDisplay, mode, RenderIntent::COLORIMETRIC));
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(mPrimaryDisplay, &mPixelFormat,
-                                                                   &mDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(mPixelFormat, mDataspace, error);
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(tmpPixelFormat,
+                                                                           tmpDataspace, tmpError);
+                    mPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                    mDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                });
+
         if (!mHasReadbackBuffer) {
             std::cout << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace" << std::endl;
             GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported or unsupported pixelFormat/dataspace";
             return;
         }
-        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mDisplayWidth,
-                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat);
+        ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(mPrimaryDisplay, mComposerClient, mGralloc, mDisplayWidth,
+                                      mDisplayHeight, mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         mLayer->setTransform(Transform::ROT_180);
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2TargetTest.cpp
index f8fbb04..13ae089 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.2/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsComposerV2_2TargetTest.cpp
@@ -23,7 +23,6 @@
 #include <composer-vts/2.1/TestCommandReader.h>
 #include <composer-vts/2.2/ComposerVts.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <hardware/gralloc.h>
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h>
@@ -36,6 +35,7 @@
 namespace vts {
 namespace {
 
+using common::V1_0::BufferUsage;
 using common::V1_1::ColorMode;
 using common::V1_1::Dataspace;
 using common::V1_1::PixelFormat;
@@ -65,13 +65,17 @@
         mComposerClient->setVsyncEnabled(mPrimaryDisplay, false);
         mComposerCallback->setVsyncAllowed(false);
 
-        Error error = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
-                mPrimaryDisplay, &mReadbackPixelFormat, &mReadbackDataspace);
-        mHasReadbackBuffer = error == Error::NONE;
-        if (mHasReadbackBuffer) {
-            ASSERT_LT(static_cast<PixelFormat>(0), mReadbackPixelFormat);
-            ASSERT_NE(Dataspace::UNKNOWN, mReadbackDataspace);
-        }
+        mComposerClient->getRaw()->getReadbackBufferAttributes(
+                mPrimaryDisplay,
+                [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto& tmpPixelFormat, const auto& tmpDataspace) {
+                    mHasReadbackBuffer = tmpError == Error::NONE;
+                    if (mHasReadbackBuffer) {
+                        mReadbackPixelFormat = tmpPixelFormat;
+                        mReadbackDataspace = tmpDataspace;
+                        ASSERT_LT(static_cast<PixelFormat>(0), mReadbackPixelFormat);
+                        ASSERT_NE(Dataspace::UNKNOWN, mReadbackDataspace);
+                    }
+                });
 
         mInvalidDisplayId = GetInvalidDisplayId();
     }
@@ -149,9 +153,10 @@
     }
 
     NativeHandleWrapper allocate() {
+        uint64_t usage =
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN);
         return mGralloc->allocate(/*width*/ 64, /*height*/ 64, /*layerCount*/ 1,
-                                  PixelFormat::RGBA_8888,
-                                  GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN);
+                                  PixelFormat::RGBA_8888, usage);
     }
 
     void execute() { mComposerClient->execute(mReader.get(), mWriter.get()); }
@@ -429,7 +434,9 @@
     }
 
     // BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OUTPUT is missing
-    uint64_t usage = GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_COMPOSER | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN;
+    uint64_t usage =
+            static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OVERLAY | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN);
+
     std::unique_ptr<Gralloc> gralloc;
     std::unique_ptr<NativeHandleWrapper> buffer;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(gralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>());
@@ -450,7 +457,9 @@
         return;
     }
 
-    uint64_t usage = GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_COMPOSER | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN;
+    uint64_t usage =
+            static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OVERLAY | BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN);
+
     std::unique_ptr<Gralloc> gralloc;
     std::unique_ptr<NativeHandleWrapper> buffer;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(gralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>());
@@ -702,4 +711,4 @@
     }
 
     return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/ReadbackVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/ReadbackVts.cpp
index b59793f..abb58e2 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/ReadbackVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/ReadbackVts.cpp
@@ -20,8 +20,6 @@
 #include "renderengine/ExternalTexture.h"
 #include "renderengine/impl/ExternalTexture.h"
 
-using ::android::status_t;
-
 namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts {
 
 const std::vector<ColorMode> ReadbackHelper::colorModes = {ColorMode::SRGB, ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3};
@@ -29,9 +27,6 @@
                                                            common::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3};
 
 void TestLayer::write(ComposerClientWriter& writer) {
-    ::android::status_t status = ::android::OK;
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
-
     writer.setLayerDisplayFrame(mDisplay, mLayer, mDisplayFrame);
     writer.setLayerSourceCrop(mDisplay, mLayer, mSourceCrop);
     writer.setLayerZOrder(mDisplay, mLayer, mZOrder);
@@ -42,40 +37,6 @@
     writer.setLayerBrightness(mDisplay, mLayer, mBrightness);
 }
 
-bool ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(const common::PixelFormat& pixelFormat,
-                                       const common::Dataspace& dataspace) {
-    // TODO: add support for RGBA_1010102
-    if (pixelFormat != common::PixelFormat::RGB_888 &&
-        pixelFormat != common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    if (std::find(dataspaces.begin(), dataspaces.end(), dataspace) == dataspaces.end()) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    return true;
-}
-
-void ReadbackHelper::createReadbackBuffer(ReadbackBufferAttributes readbackBufferAttributes,
-                                          const VtsDisplay& display,
-                                          sp<GraphicBuffer>* graphicBuffer) {
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, graphicBuffer);
-    if (!readbackSupported(readbackBufferAttributes.format, readbackBufferAttributes.dataspace)) {
-        *graphicBuffer = nullptr;
-    }
-    uint64_t usage =
-            static_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
-                                  static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::GPU_TEXTURE));
-
-    uint32_t layerCount = 1;
-    *graphicBuffer = sp<GraphicBuffer>::make(
-            static_cast<uint32_t>(display.getDisplayWidth()),
-            static_cast<uint32_t>(display.getDisplayHeight()),
-            static_cast<::android::PixelFormat>(readbackBufferAttributes.format), layerCount, usage,
-            "ReadbackBuffer");
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, *graphicBuffer);
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, (*graphicBuffer)->initCheck());
-}
-
 std::string ReadbackHelper::getColorModeString(ColorMode mode) {
     switch (mode) {
         case ColorMode::SRGB:
@@ -142,11 +103,11 @@
     return layerSettings;
 }
 
-int32_t ReadbackHelper::GetBytesPerPixel(PixelFormat pixelFormat) {
+int32_t ReadbackHelper::GetBytesPerPixel(common::PixelFormat pixelFormat) {
     switch (pixelFormat) {
-        case PixelFormat::RGBA_8888:
+        case common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888:
             return 4;
-        case PixelFormat::RGB_888:
+        case common::PixelFormat::RGB_888:
             return 3;
         default:
             return -1;
@@ -155,161 +116,136 @@
 
 void ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t stride, void* bufferData,
                                 common::PixelFormat pixelFormat,
-                                const std::vector<Color>& desiredColors) {
+                                std::vector<Color> desiredPixelColors) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(pixelFormat == common::PixelFormat::RGB_888 ||
                 pixelFormat == common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
     int32_t bytesPerPixel = GetBytesPerPixel(pixelFormat);
     ASSERT_NE(-1, bytesPerPixel);
     for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
         for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
-            int pixel = row * static_cast<int32_t>(width) + col;
-            Color desiredColor = desiredColors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)];
+            auto pixel = row * static_cast<int32_t>(width) + col;
+            Color srcColor = desiredPixelColors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)];
 
             int offset = (row * static_cast<int32_t>(stride) + col) * bytesPerPixel;
             uint8_t* pixelColor = (uint8_t*)bufferData + offset;
-            pixelColor[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * desiredColor.r));
-            pixelColor[1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * desiredColor.g));
-            pixelColor[2] = static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * desiredColor.b));
+            pixelColor[0] = static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * srcColor.r));
+            pixelColor[1] = static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * srcColor.g));
+            pixelColor[2] = static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * srcColor.b));
 
             if (bytesPerPixel == 4) {
-                pixelColor[3] = static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * desiredColor.a));
+                pixelColor[3] = static_cast<uint8_t>(std::round(255.0f * srcColor.a));
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
-void ReadbackHelper::clearColors(std::vector<Color>& colors, int32_t width, int32_t height,
+void ReadbackHelper::clearColors(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, int32_t width, int32_t height,
                                  int32_t displayWidth) {
     for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
         for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
             int pixel = row * displayWidth + col;
-            colors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)] = BLACK;
+            expectedColors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)] = BLACK;
         }
     }
 }
 
-void ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(std::vector<Color>& colors, int32_t stride, Rect area,
-                                    Color desiredColor) {
+void ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, int32_t stride, Rect area,
+                                    Color color) {
     for (int row = area.top; row < area.bottom; row++) {
         for (int col = area.left; col < area.right; col++) {
             int pixel = row * stride + col;
-            colors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)] = desiredColor;
+            expectedColors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)] = color;
         }
     }
 }
 
-void ReadbackHelper::fillBufferAndGetFence(const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
-                                           Color desiredColor, int* fillFence) {
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, fillFence);
-    std::vector<Color> desiredColors(
-            static_cast<size_t>(graphicBuffer->getWidth() * graphicBuffer->getHeight()));
-    ::android::Rect bounds = graphicBuffer->getBounds();
-    fillColorsArea(desiredColors, static_cast<int32_t>(graphicBuffer->getWidth()),
-                   {bounds.left, bounds.top, bounds.right, bounds.bottom}, desiredColor);
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(fillBufferAndGetFence(graphicBuffer, desiredColors, fillFence));
-}
-
-void ReadbackHelper::fillBufferAndGetFence(const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
-                                           const std::vector<Color>& desiredColors,
-                                           int* fillFence) {
-    ASSERT_TRUE(graphicBuffer->getPixelFormat() == ::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGB_888 ||
-                graphicBuffer->getPixelFormat() == ::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888);
-    void* bufData;
-    int32_t bytesPerPixel = -1;
-    int32_t bytesPerStride = -1;
-    status_t status =
-            graphicBuffer->lock(GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN,
-                                &bufData, &bytesPerPixel, &bytesPerStride);
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
-
-    const uint32_t stride = (bytesPerPixel > 0 && bytesPerStride > 0)
-                                    ? static_cast<uint32_t>(bytesPerStride / bytesPerPixel)
-                                    : graphicBuffer->getStride();
-    ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(
-            graphicBuffer->getWidth(), graphicBuffer->getHeight(), stride, bufData,
-            static_cast<common::PixelFormat>(graphicBuffer->getPixelFormat()), desiredColors);
-    status = graphicBuffer->unlockAsync(fillFence);
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
-}
-
-void ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(Color expectedColor,
-                                          const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
-                                          const ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor& fence) {
-    std::vector<Color> expectedColors(
-            static_cast<size_t>(graphicBuffer->getWidth() * graphicBuffer->getHeight()));
-    ::android::Rect bounds = graphicBuffer->getBounds();
-    fillColorsArea(expectedColors, static_cast<int32_t>(graphicBuffer->getWidth()),
-                   {bounds.left, bounds.top, bounds.right, bounds.bottom}, expectedColor);
-    compareColorsToBuffer(expectedColors, graphicBuffer, fence);
-}
-
-void ReadbackHelper::compareColorsToBuffer(const std::vector<Color>& expectedColors,
-                                           const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
-                                           const ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor& fence) {
-    ASSERT_TRUE(graphicBuffer->getPixelFormat() == ::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGB_888 ||
-                graphicBuffer->getPixelFormat() == ::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888);
-
-    int bytesPerPixel = -1;
-    int bytesPerStride = -1;
-    void* bufData = nullptr;
-    status_t status = graphicBuffer->lockAsync(GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN, &bufData,
-                                               dup(fence.get()), &bytesPerPixel, &bytesPerStride);
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
-
-    const uint32_t stride = (bytesPerPixel > 0 && bytesPerStride > 0)
-                                    ? static_cast<uint32_t>(bytesPerStride / bytesPerPixel)
-                                    : graphicBuffer->getStride();
-
-    if (bytesPerPixel == -1) {
-        bytesPerPixel = ReadbackHelper::GetBytesPerPixel(
-                static_cast<PixelFormat>(graphicBuffer->getPixelFormat()));
+bool ReadbackHelper::readbackSupported(const common::PixelFormat& pixelFormat,
+                                       const common::Dataspace& dataspace) {
+    if (pixelFormat != common::PixelFormat::RGB_888 &&
+        pixelFormat != common::PixelFormat::RGBA_8888) {
+        return false;
     }
+    if (std::find(dataspaces.begin(), dataspaces.end(), dataspace) == dataspaces.end()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+void ReadbackHelper::compareColorBuffers(const std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, void* bufferData,
+                                         const uint32_t stride, const uint32_t width,
+                                         const uint32_t height, common::PixelFormat pixelFormat) {
+    const int32_t bytesPerPixel = ReadbackHelper::GetBytesPerPixel(pixelFormat);
     ASSERT_NE(-1, bytesPerPixel);
-    for (int row = 0; row < graphicBuffer->getHeight(); row++) {
-        for (int col = 0; col < graphicBuffer->getWidth(); col++) {
-            int pixel = row * static_cast<int32_t>(graphicBuffer->getWidth()) + col;
+    for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
+        for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
+            auto pixel = row * static_cast<int32_t>(width) + col;
             int offset = (row * static_cast<int32_t>(stride) + col) * bytesPerPixel;
-            uint8_t* pixelColor = (uint8_t*)bufData + offset;
+            uint8_t* pixelColor = (uint8_t*)bufferData + offset;
             const Color expectedColor = expectedColors[static_cast<size_t>(pixel)];
             ASSERT_EQ(std::round(255.0f * expectedColor.r), pixelColor[0]);
             ASSERT_EQ(std::round(255.0f * expectedColor.g), pixelColor[1]);
             ASSERT_EQ(std::round(255.0f * expectedColor.b), pixelColor[2]);
         }
     }
-
-    status = graphicBuffer->unlock();
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
 }
 
 ReadbackBuffer::ReadbackBuffer(int64_t display, const std::shared_ptr<VtsComposerClient>& client,
-                               int32_t width, int32_t height, common::PixelFormat pixelFormat)
+                               int32_t width, int32_t height, common::PixelFormat pixelFormat,
+                               common::Dataspace dataspace)
     : mComposerClient(client) {
     mDisplay = display;
+
+    mPixelFormat = pixelFormat;
+    mDataspace = dataspace;
+
     mWidth = static_cast<uint32_t>(width);
     mHeight = static_cast<uint32_t>(height);
-    mPixelFormat = pixelFormat;
     mLayerCount = 1;
     mUsage = static_cast<uint64_t>(static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
                                    static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::GPU_TEXTURE));
+
+    mAccessRegion.top = 0;
+    mAccessRegion.left = 0;
+    mAccessRegion.right = static_cast<int32_t>(width);
+    mAccessRegion.bottom = static_cast<int32_t>(height);
+}
+
+::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer> ReadbackBuffer::allocateBuffer() {
+    return ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer>::make(
+            mWidth, mHeight, static_cast<::android::PixelFormat>(mPixelFormat), mLayerCount, mUsage,
+            "ReadbackBuffer");
 }
 
 void ReadbackBuffer::setReadbackBuffer() {
-    mGraphicBuffer = sp<GraphicBuffer>::make(mWidth, mHeight,
-                                             static_cast<::android::PixelFormat>(mPixelFormat),
-                                             mLayerCount, mUsage, "ReadbackBuffer");
+    mGraphicBuffer = allocateBuffer();
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mGraphicBuffer);
     ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, mGraphicBuffer->initCheck());
-    ::ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor noFence = ::ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor(-1);
-    const auto& status =
-            mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(mDisplay, mGraphicBuffer->handle, noFence);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
+    const auto& bufferHandle = mGraphicBuffer->handle;
+    ::ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor fence = ::ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor(-1);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(mDisplay, bufferHandle, fence).isOk());
 }
 
 void ReadbackBuffer::checkReadbackBuffer(const std::vector<Color>& expectedColors) {
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mGraphicBuffer);
     // lock buffer for reading
     const auto& [fenceStatus, bufferFence] = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(mDisplay);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(fenceStatus.isOk());
-    ReadbackHelper::compareColorsToBuffer(expectedColors, mGraphicBuffer, bufferFence);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(fenceStatus.isOk());
+
+    int bytesPerPixel = -1;
+    int bytesPerStride = -1;
+    void* bufData = nullptr;
+
+    auto status = mGraphicBuffer->lockAsync(mUsage, mAccessRegion, &bufData, dup(bufferFence.get()),
+                                            &bytesPerPixel, &bytesPerStride);
+    EXPECT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mPixelFormat == PixelFormat::RGB_888 || mPixelFormat == PixelFormat::RGBA_8888);
+    const uint32_t stride = (bytesPerPixel > 0 && bytesPerStride > 0)
+                                    ? static_cast<uint32_t>(bytesPerStride / bytesPerPixel)
+                                    : mGraphicBuffer->getStride();
+    ReadbackHelper::compareColorBuffers(expectedColors, bufData, stride, mWidth, mHeight,
+                                        mPixelFormat);
+    status = mGraphicBuffer->unlock();
+    EXPECT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
 }
 
 void TestColorLayer::write(ComposerClientWriter& writer) {
@@ -387,8 +323,9 @@
     const uint32_t stride = (bytesPerPixel > 0 && bytesPerStride > 0)
                                     ? static_cast<uint32_t>(bytesPerStride / bytesPerPixel)
                                     : mGraphicBuffer->getStride();
-    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
-    ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(mWidth, mHeight, stride, bufData, mPixelFormat, expectedColors);
+    EXPECT_EQ(::android::OK, status);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBuffer(mWidth, mHeight, stride, bufData,
+                                                       mPixelFormat, expectedColors));
 
     const auto unlockStatus = mGraphicBuffer->unlockAsync(&mFillFence);
     ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, unlockStatus);
@@ -398,13 +335,13 @@
     mGraphicBuffer = allocateBuffer();
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mGraphicBuffer);
     ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, mGraphicBuffer->initCheck());
-    fillBuffer(colors);
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(fillBuffer(colors));
 }
 
-sp<GraphicBuffer> TestBufferLayer::allocateBuffer() {
-    return sp<GraphicBuffer>::make(mWidth, mHeight,
-                                   static_cast<::android::PixelFormat>(mPixelFormat), mLayerCount,
-                                   mUsage, "TestBufferLayer");
+::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer> TestBufferLayer::allocateBuffer() {
+    return ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer>::make(
+            mWidth, mHeight, static_cast<::android::PixelFormat>(mPixelFormat), mLayerCount, mUsage,
+            "TestBufferLayer");
 }
 
 void TestBufferLayer::setDataspace(common::Dataspace dataspace, ComposerClientWriter& writer) {
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/ReadbackVts.h b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/ReadbackVts.h
index ecf0d52..ee9f0d5 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/ReadbackVts.h
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/ReadbackVts.h
@@ -33,8 +33,6 @@
 using common::Dataspace;
 using common::PixelFormat;
 using IMapper2_1 = ::android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_1::IMapper;
-using ::android::GraphicBuffer;
-using ::android::sp;
 
 static const Color BLACK = {0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};
 static const Color RED = {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f};
@@ -148,7 +146,7 @@
 
   protected:
     Composition mComposition;
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> mGraphicBuffer;
+    ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer> mGraphicBuffer;
     TestRenderEngine& mRenderEngine;
     int32_t mFillFence;
     uint32_t mWidth;
@@ -164,11 +162,6 @@
 
 class ReadbackHelper {
   public:
-    static bool readbackSupported(const PixelFormat& pixelFormat, const Dataspace& dataspace);
-
-    static void createReadbackBuffer(ReadbackBufferAttributes readbackBufferAttributes,
-                                     const VtsDisplay& display, sp<GraphicBuffer>* graphicBuffer);
-
     static std::string getColorModeString(ColorMode mode);
 
     static std::string getDataspaceString(Dataspace dataspace);
@@ -178,36 +171,28 @@
     static int32_t GetBytesPerPixel(PixelFormat pixelFormat);
 
     static void fillBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint32_t stride, void* bufferData,
-                           PixelFormat pixelFormat, const std::vector<Color>& desriedColors);
+                           PixelFormat pixelFormat, std::vector<Color> desiredPixelColors);
 
-    static void clearColors(std::vector<Color>& colors, int32_t width, int32_t height,
+    static void clearColors(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, int32_t width, int32_t height,
                             int32_t displayWidth);
 
-    static void fillColorsArea(std::vector<Color>& colors, int32_t stride, Rect area,
-                               Color desiredColor);
+    static void fillColorsArea(std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, int32_t stride, Rect area,
+                               Color color);
 
-    static void fillBufferAndGetFence(const sp<GraphicBuffer>& buffer, Color desiredColor,
-                                      int* fillFence);
-
-    static void fillBufferAndGetFence(const sp<GraphicBuffer>& buffer,
-                                      const std::vector<Color>& desiredColors, int* fillFence);
-
-    static void compareColorToBuffer(
-            Color expectedColor, const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
-            const ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor& fence = ::ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor(-1));
-
-    static void compareColorsToBuffer(
-            const std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, const sp<GraphicBuffer>& graphicBuffer,
-            const ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor& fence = ::ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor(-1));
+    static bool readbackSupported(const PixelFormat& pixelFormat, const Dataspace& dataspace);
 
     static const std::vector<ColorMode> colorModes;
     static const std::vector<Dataspace> dataspaces;
+
+    static void compareColorBuffers(const std::vector<Color>& expectedColors, void* bufferData,
+                                    const uint32_t stride, const uint32_t width,
+                                    const uint32_t height, PixelFormat pixelFormat);
 };
 
 class ReadbackBuffer {
   public:
     ReadbackBuffer(int64_t display, const std::shared_ptr<VtsComposerClient>& client, int32_t width,
-                   int32_t height, common::PixelFormat pixelFormat);
+                   int32_t height, common::PixelFormat pixelFormat, common::Dataspace dataspace);
 
     void setReadbackBuffer();
 
@@ -216,12 +201,18 @@
   protected:
     uint32_t mWidth;
     uint32_t mHeight;
-    PixelFormat mPixelFormat;
     uint32_t mLayerCount;
     uint32_t mUsage;
+    PixelFormat mPixelFormat;
+    Dataspace mDataspace;
     int64_t mDisplay;
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> mGraphicBuffer;
+    ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer> mGraphicBuffer;
     std::shared_ptr<VtsComposerClient> mComposerClient;
+    ::android::Rect mAccessRegion;
+    native_handle_t mBufferHandle;
+
+  private:
+    ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer> allocateBuffer();
 };
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
index b84d0d0..66779c8 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/RenderEngineVts.cpp
@@ -76,7 +76,18 @@
 }
 
 void TestRenderEngine::checkColorBuffer(const std::vector<Color>& expectedColors) {
-    ReadbackHelper::compareColorsToBuffer(expectedColors, mGraphicBuffer);
+    void* bufferData;
+    int32_t bytesPerPixel = -1;
+    int32_t bytesPerStride = -1;
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, mGraphicBuffer->lock(static_cast<uint32_t>(mGraphicBuffer->getUsage()),
+                                      &bufferData, &bytesPerPixel, &bytesPerStride));
+    const uint32_t stride = (bytesPerPixel > 0 && bytesPerStride > 0)
+                                    ? static_cast<uint32_t>(bytesPerStride / bytesPerPixel)
+                                    : mGraphicBuffer->getStride();
+    ReadbackHelper::compareColorBuffers(expectedColors, bufferData, stride,
+                                        mGraphicBuffer->getWidth(), mGraphicBuffer->getHeight(),
+                                        mFormat);
+    ASSERT_EQ(::android::OK, mGraphicBuffer->unlock());
 }
 
 }  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::graphics::composer3::vts
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp
index 166127d..6fa3392 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include <aidl/Gtest.h>
 #include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/common/BufferUsage.h>
 #include <aidl/android/hardware/graphics/composer3/IComposer.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <ui/DisplayId.h>
@@ -80,11 +81,13 @@
         clientCompositionDisplay.physicalDisplay = Rect(getDisplayWidth(), getDisplayHeight());
         clientCompositionDisplay.clip = clientCompositionDisplay.physicalDisplay;
 
-        mTestRenderEngine->initGraphicBuffer(static_cast<uint32_t>(getDisplayWidth()),
-                                             static_cast<uint32_t>(getDisplayHeight()),
-                                             /*layerCount*/ 1U,
-                                             GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_RENDER | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN |
-                                                     GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN);
+        mTestRenderEngine->initGraphicBuffer(
+                static_cast<uint32_t>(getDisplayWidth()), static_cast<uint32_t>(getDisplayHeight()),
+                /*layerCount*/ 1U,
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(
+                        static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
+                        static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN) |
+                        static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::GPU_RENDER_TARGET)));
         mTestRenderEngine->setDisplaySettings(clientCompositionDisplay);
     }
 
@@ -112,21 +115,18 @@
         ASSERT_EQ(status.getServiceSpecificError(), serviceSpecificError);
     }
 
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> allocateBuffer(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, uint64_t usage) {
-        sp<GraphicBuffer> graphicBuffer =
-                sp<GraphicBuffer>::make(width, height, ::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
-                                        /*layerCount*/ 1u, static_cast<uint32_t>(usage),
-                                        "VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest");
+    std::pair<bool, ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer>> allocateBuffer(uint32_t usage) {
+        const auto width = static_cast<uint32_t>(getDisplayWidth());
+        const auto height = static_cast<uint32_t>(getDisplayHeight());
+
+        const auto& graphicBuffer = ::android::sp<::android::GraphicBuffer>::make(
+                width, height, ::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888,
+                /*layerCount*/ 1u, usage, "VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_ReadbackTest");
 
         if (graphicBuffer && ::android::OK == graphicBuffer->initCheck()) {
-            return graphicBuffer;
+            return {true, graphicBuffer};
         }
-        return nullptr;
-    }
-
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> allocateBuffer(uint64_t usage) {
-        return allocateBuffer(static_cast<uint32_t>(getDisplayWidth()),
-                              static_cast<uint32_t>(getDisplayHeight()), usage);
+        return {false, graphicBuffer};
     }
 
     uint64_t getStableDisplayId(int64_t display) {
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@
         ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, getDisplayWidth(), coloredSquare, BLUE);
 
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         writeLayers(layers);
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@
         }
 
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         std::vector<Color> expectedColors(
                 static_cast<size_t>(getDisplayWidth() * getDisplayHeight()));
@@ -378,296 +378,6 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetLayerBufferWithSlotsToClear) {
-    const auto& [versionStatus, version] = mComposerClient->getInterfaceVersion();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(versionStatus.isOk());
-    if (version == 1) {
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Device does not support the new API for clearing buffer slots";
-        return;
-    }
-
-    const auto& [readbackStatus, readbackBufferAttributes] =
-            mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(getPrimaryDisplayId());
-    if (!readbackStatus.isOk()) {
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported";
-        return;
-    }
-
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> readbackBuffer;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::createReadbackBuffer(
-            readbackBufferAttributes, getPrimaryDisplay(), &readbackBuffer));
-    if (readbackBuffer == nullptr) {
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Unsupported readback buffer attributes";
-        return;
-    }
-    // no fence needed for the readback buffer
-    ScopedFileDescriptor noFence(-1);
-
-    // red buffer
-    uint64_t usage = GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN;
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> redBuffer = allocateBuffer(usage);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, redBuffer);
-    int redFence;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBufferAndGetFence(redBuffer, RED, &redFence));
-
-    // blue buffer
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> blueBuffer = allocateBuffer(usage);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, blueBuffer);
-    int blueFence;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBufferAndGetFence(blueBuffer, BLUE, &blueFence));
-
-    // green buffer
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> greenBuffer = allocateBuffer(usage);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, greenBuffer);
-    int greenFence;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBufferAndGetFence(greenBuffer, GREEN, &greenFence));
-
-    // layer defaults
-    common::Rect rectFullDisplay = {0, 0, getDisplayWidth(), getDisplayHeight()};
-    int64_t display = getPrimaryDisplayId();
-    const auto& [layerStatus, layer] = mComposerClient->createLayer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), 3);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(layerStatus.isOk());
-    mWriter->setLayerDisplayFrame(display, layer, rectFullDisplay);
-    mWriter->setLayerCompositionType(display, layer, Composition::DEVICE);
-
-    // set the layer to the blue buffer
-    // should be blue
-    {
-        auto status = mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(display, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(display, layer, /*slot*/ 0, blueBuffer->handle, blueFence);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay(display, ComposerClientWriter::kNoTimestamp);
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeChangedCompositionTypes(display).empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-        mWriter->presentDisplay(display);
-        execute();
-        auto [fenceStatus, fence] = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(display);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(fenceStatus.isOk());
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(BLUE, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-
-    // change the layer to the red buffer
-    // should be red
-    {
-        auto status = mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(display, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(display, layer, /*slot*/ 1, redBuffer->handle, redFence);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay(display, ComposerClientWriter::kNoTimestamp);
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeChangedCompositionTypes(display).empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-        mWriter->presentDisplay(display);
-        execute();
-        auto [fenceStatus, fence] = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(display);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(fenceStatus.isOk());
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(RED, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-
-    // change the layer to the green buffer
-    // should be green
-    {
-        auto status = mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(display, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(display, layer, /*slot*/ 2, greenBuffer->handle, greenFence);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay(display, ComposerClientWriter::kNoTimestamp);
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeChangedCompositionTypes(display).empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-        mWriter->presentDisplay(display);
-        execute();
-        auto [fenceStatus, fence] = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(display);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(fenceStatus.isOk());
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(GREEN, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-
-    // clear the slots for all buffers
-    // should still be green since the active buffer should not be cleared by the HAL implementation
-    {
-        auto status = mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(display, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-        mWriter->setLayerBufferSlotsToClear(display, layer, /*slotsToClear*/ {0, 1, 2});
-        mWriter->validateDisplay(display, ComposerClientWriter::kNoTimestamp);
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeChangedCompositionTypes(display).empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-        mWriter->presentDisplay(display);
-        execute();
-        auto [fenceStatus, fence] = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(display);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(fenceStatus.isOk());
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(GREEN, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-
-    // clear the slot for the green buffer, and set the buffer with the same slot to the blue buffer
-    // should be blue
-    {
-        auto status = mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(display, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-        mWriter->setLayerBufferSlotsToClear(display, layer, /*slotsToClear*/ {2});
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(display, layer, /*slot*/ 2, blueBuffer->handle, blueFence);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay(display, ComposerClientWriter::kNoTimestamp);
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeChangedCompositionTypes(display).empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-        mWriter->presentDisplay(display);
-        execute();
-        auto [fenceStatus, fence] = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(display);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(fenceStatus.isOk());
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(BLUE, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-}
-
-TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetLayerBufferWithSlotsToClear_backwardsCompatible) {
-    const auto& [versionStatus, version] = mComposerClient->getInterfaceVersion();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(versionStatus.isOk());
-    if (version > 1) {
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Device does not need a backwards compatible way to clear buffer slots";
-        return;
-    }
-
-    const auto& [readbackStatus, readbackBufferAttributes] =
-            mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferAttributes(getPrimaryDisplayId());
-    if (!readbackStatus.isOk()) {
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Readback not supported";
-        return;
-    }
-
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> readbackBuffer;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::createReadbackBuffer(
-            readbackBufferAttributes, getPrimaryDisplay(), &readbackBuffer));
-    if (readbackBuffer == nullptr) {
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Unsupported readback buffer attributes";
-        return;
-    }
-    // no fence needed for the readback buffer
-    ScopedFileDescriptor noFence(-1);
-
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> clearSlotBuffer = allocateBuffer(1u, 1u, GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_COMPOSER);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, clearSlotBuffer);
-
-    // red buffer
-    uint64_t usage = GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN;
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> redBuffer = allocateBuffer(usage);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, redBuffer);
-    int redFence;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBufferAndGetFence(redBuffer, RED, &redFence));
-
-    // blue buffer
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> blueBuffer = allocateBuffer(usage);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, blueBuffer);
-    int blueFence;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBufferAndGetFence(blueBuffer, BLUE, &blueFence));
-
-    // green buffer
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> greenBuffer = allocateBuffer(usage);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, greenBuffer);
-    int greenFence;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(ReadbackHelper::fillBufferAndGetFence(greenBuffer, GREEN, &greenFence));
-
-    // layer defaults
-    common::Rect rectFullDisplay = {0, 0, getDisplayWidth(), getDisplayHeight()};
-    int64_t display = getPrimaryDisplayId();
-    const auto& [layerStatus, layer] = mComposerClient->createLayer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), 3);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(layerStatus.isOk());
-    mWriter->setLayerDisplayFrame(display, layer, rectFullDisplay);
-    mWriter->setLayerCompositionType(display, layer, Composition::DEVICE);
-
-    // set the layer to the blue buffer
-    // should be blue
-    {
-        auto status = mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(display, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(display, layer, /*slot*/ 0, blueBuffer->handle, blueFence);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay(display, ComposerClientWriter::kNoTimestamp);
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeChangedCompositionTypes(display).empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-        mWriter->presentDisplay(display);
-        execute();
-        auto [fenceStatus, fence] = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(display);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(fenceStatus.isOk());
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(BLUE, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-
-    // change the layer to the red buffer
-    // should be red
-    {
-        auto status = mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(display, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(display, layer, /*slot*/ 1, redBuffer->handle, redFence);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay(display, ComposerClientWriter::kNoTimestamp);
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeChangedCompositionTypes(display).empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-        mWriter->presentDisplay(display);
-        execute();
-        auto [fenceStatus, fence] = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(display);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(fenceStatus.isOk());
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(RED, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-
-    // change the layer to the green buffer
-    // should be green
-    {
-        auto status = mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(display, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(display, layer, /*slot*/ 2, greenBuffer->handle, greenFence);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay(display, ComposerClientWriter::kNoTimestamp);
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeChangedCompositionTypes(display).empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-        mWriter->presentDisplay(display);
-        execute();
-        auto [fenceStatus, fence] = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(display);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(fenceStatus.isOk());
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(GREEN, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-
-    // clear the slot for the blue buffer
-    // should still be green
-    {
-        auto status = mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(display, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-        mWriter->setLayerBufferWithNewCommand(display, layer, /*slot*/ 0, clearSlotBuffer->handle,
-                                              /*fence*/ -1);
-        // SurfaceFlinger will re-set the active buffer slot after other buffer slots are cleared
-        mWriter->setLayerBufferWithNewCommand(display, layer, /*slot*/ 2, /*handle*/ nullptr,
-                                              /*fence*/ -1);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay(display, ComposerClientWriter::kNoTimestamp);
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeChangedCompositionTypes(display).empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-        mWriter->presentDisplay(display);
-        execute();
-        auto [fenceStatus, fence] = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(display);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(fenceStatus.isOk());
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(GREEN, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-
-    // clear the slot for all buffers, and set the buffer with the same slot as the green buffer
-    // should be blue now
-    {
-        auto status = mComposerClient->setReadbackBuffer(display, readbackBuffer->handle, noFence);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk());
-        mWriter->setLayerBufferWithNewCommand(display, layer, /*slot*/ 0, clearSlotBuffer->handle,
-                                              /*fence*/ -1);
-        mWriter->setLayerBufferWithNewCommand(display, layer, /*slot*/ 1, clearSlotBuffer->handle,
-                                              /*fence*/ -1);
-        // SurfaceFlinger will never clear the active buffer (slot 2), but will free up the
-        // buffer slot so it will be re-used for the next setLayerBuffer command
-        mWriter->setLayerBuffer(display, layer, /*slot*/ 2, blueBuffer->handle, blueFence);
-        mWriter->validateDisplay(display, ComposerClientWriter::kNoTimestamp);
-        execute();
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeChangedCompositionTypes(display).empty());
-        ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-        mWriter->presentDisplay(display);
-        execute();
-        auto [fenceStatus, fence] = mComposerClient->getReadbackBufferFence(display);
-        ASSERT_TRUE(fenceStatus.isOk());
-        ReadbackHelper::compareColorToBuffer(BLUE, readbackBuffer, fence);
-    }
-}
-
 TEST_P(GraphicsCompositionTest, SetLayerBufferNoEffect) {
     for (ColorMode mode : mTestColorModes) {
         EXPECT_TRUE(mComposerClient
@@ -689,9 +399,10 @@
         layer->write(*mWriter);
 
         // This following buffer call should have no effect
-        uint64_t usage = GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN;
-        sp<GraphicBuffer> graphicBuffer = allocateBuffer(usage);
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, graphicBuffer);
+        const auto usage = static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN) |
+                           static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN);
+        const auto& [graphicBufferStatus, graphicBuffer] = allocateBuffer(usage);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(graphicBufferStatus);
         const auto& buffer = graphicBuffer->handle;
         mWriter->setLayerBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), layer->getLayer(), /*slot*/ 0, buffer,
                                 /*acquireFence*/ -1);
@@ -702,7 +413,7 @@
         ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, getDisplayWidth(), coloredSquare, BLUE);
 
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         mWriter->validateDisplay(getPrimaryDisplayId(), ComposerClientWriter::kNoTimestamp);
@@ -730,7 +441,7 @@
     }
 
     ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                  getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                  getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
 
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 }
@@ -743,9 +454,10 @@
         return;
     }
 
-    uint64_t usage = GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN;
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> graphicBuffer = allocateBuffer(usage);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, graphicBuffer);
+    const auto usage = static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN) |
+                       static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN);
+    const auto& [graphicBufferStatus, graphicBuffer] = allocateBuffer(usage);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(graphicBufferStatus);
     const auto& bufferHandle = graphicBuffer->handle;
     ::ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor fence = ::ndk::ScopedFileDescriptor(-1);
 
@@ -827,7 +539,7 @@
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
 
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         writeLayers(layers);
         ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
@@ -840,14 +552,16 @@
             ASSERT_EQ(Composition::CLIENT, changedCompositionTypes[0].composition);
 
             PixelFormat clientFormat = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
-            auto clientUsage = GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_FB | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN |
-                               GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN;
+            auto clientUsage = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+                    static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
+                    static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN) |
+                    static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::COMPOSER_CLIENT_TARGET));
             Dataspace clientDataspace = ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode);
             common::Rect damage{0, 0, getDisplayWidth(), getDisplayHeight()};
 
             // create client target buffer
-            sp<GraphicBuffer> graphicBuffer = allocateBuffer(clientUsage);
-            ASSERT_NE(nullptr, graphicBuffer);
+            const auto& [graphicBufferStatus, graphicBuffer] = allocateBuffer(clientUsage);
+            ASSERT_TRUE(graphicBufferStatus);
             const auto& buffer = graphicBuffer->handle;
             void* clientBufData;
             const auto stride = static_cast<uint32_t>(graphicBuffer->stride);
@@ -904,7 +618,7 @@
                 {0, getDisplayHeight() / 2, getDisplayWidth(), getDisplayHeight()}, RED);
 
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         auto deviceLayer = std::make_shared<TestBufferLayer>(
@@ -923,8 +637,10 @@
         deviceLayer->write(*mWriter);
 
         PixelFormat clientFormat = PixelFormat::RGBA_8888;
-        auto clientUsage =
-                GRALLOC_USAGE_HW_FB | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_READ_OFTEN | GRALLOC_USAGE_SW_WRITE_OFTEN;
+        auto clientUsage = static_cast<uint32_t>(
+                static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
+                static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN) |
+                static_cast<uint32_t>(common::BufferUsage::COMPOSER_CLIENT_TARGET));
         Dataspace clientDataspace = ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode);
         int32_t clientWidth = getDisplayWidth();
         int32_t clientHeight = getDisplayHeight() / 2;
@@ -946,8 +662,8 @@
         }
         // create client target buffer
         ASSERT_EQ(Composition::CLIENT, changedCompositionTypes[0].composition);
-        sp<GraphicBuffer> graphicBuffer = allocateBuffer(clientUsage);
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, graphicBuffer);
+        const auto& [graphicBufferStatus, graphicBuffer] = allocateBuffer(clientUsage);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(graphicBufferStatus);
         const auto& buffer = graphicBuffer->handle;
 
         void* clientBufData;
@@ -1009,7 +725,7 @@
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
 
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         writeLayers(layers);
@@ -1077,7 +793,7 @@
         std::vector<std::shared_ptr<TestLayer>> layers = {layer};
 
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
 
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
@@ -1143,7 +859,7 @@
         ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, getDisplayWidth(),
                                        {0, 0, getDisplayWidth(), getDisplayHeight()}, BLUE);
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         writeLayers(layers);
         ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
@@ -1200,7 +916,7 @@
         ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, getDisplayWidth(), redRect, RED);
 
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         writeLayers(layers);
@@ -1310,7 +1026,7 @@
         ReadbackHelper::fillColorsArea(expectedColors, getDisplayWidth(), dimmerRedRect, DIM_RED);
 
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         writeLayers(layers);
@@ -1446,7 +1162,7 @@
         setExpectedColors(expectedColors);
 
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         writeLayers(mLayers);
         ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
@@ -1491,7 +1207,7 @@
         setExpectedColors(expectedColors);
 
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         writeLayers(mLayers);
         ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
@@ -1531,7 +1247,7 @@
         setExpectedColors(expectedColors);
 
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         writeLayers(mLayers);
         ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
@@ -1605,7 +1321,7 @@
             return;
         }
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
         mLayer->setTransform(Transform::FLIP_H);
         mLayer->setDataspace(ReadbackHelper::getDataspaceForColorMode(mode), *mWriter);
@@ -1650,7 +1366,7 @@
             return;
         }
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         mLayer->setTransform(Transform::FLIP_V);
@@ -1695,7 +1411,7 @@
             return;
         }
         ReadbackBuffer readbackBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), mComposerClient, getDisplayWidth(),
-                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat);
+                                      getDisplayHeight(), mPixelFormat, mDataspace);
         ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(readbackBuffer.setReadbackBuffer());
 
         mLayer->setTransform(Transform::ROT_180);
diff --git a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp
index 4f992ca..808bc59 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/aidl/vts/VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest.cpp
@@ -1188,19 +1188,15 @@
         }
     }
 
-    sp<GraphicBuffer> allocate(uint32_t width, uint32_t height,
-                               ::android::PixelFormat pixelFormat) {
-        return sp<GraphicBuffer>::make(
-                width, height, pixelFormat, /*layerCount*/ 1U,
-                static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN) |
-                        static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
-                        static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OVERLAY),
-                "VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest");
-    }
-
     sp<GraphicBuffer> allocate(::android::PixelFormat pixelFormat) {
-        return allocate(static_cast<uint32_t>(getPrimaryDisplay().getDisplayWidth()),
-                        static_cast<uint32_t>(getPrimaryDisplay().getDisplayHeight()), pixelFormat);
+        return sp<GraphicBuffer>::make(
+                static_cast<uint32_t>(getPrimaryDisplay().getDisplayWidth()),
+                static_cast<uint32_t>(getPrimaryDisplay().getDisplayHeight()), pixelFormat,
+                /*layerCount*/ 1U,
+                (static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_WRITE_OFTEN) |
+                 static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN) |
+                 static_cast<uint64_t>(common::BufferUsage::COMPOSER_OVERLAY)),
+                "VtsHalGraphicsComposer3_TargetTest");
     }
 
     void sendRefreshFrame(const VtsDisplay& display, const VsyncPeriodChangeTimeline* timeline) {
@@ -1703,90 +1699,6 @@
     execute();
 }
 
-TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlCommandTest, SetLayerBufferWithSlotsToClear) {
-    const auto& [versionStatus, version] = mComposerClient->getInterfaceVersion();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(versionStatus.isOk());
-    if (version == 1) {
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Device does not support the new API for clearing buffer slots";
-        return;
-    }
-
-    const auto& [layerStatus, layer] =
-            mComposerClient->createLayer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), kBufferSlotCount);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(layerStatus.isOk());
-
-    auto& writer = getWriter(getPrimaryDisplayId());
-
-    const auto buffer1 = allocate(::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer1);
-    const auto handle1 = buffer1->handle;
-    writer.setLayerBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), layer, /*slot*/ 0, handle1, /*acquireFence*/ -1);
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-
-    const auto buffer2 = allocate(::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer2);
-    const auto handle2 = buffer2->handle;
-    writer.setLayerBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), layer, /*slot*/ 1, handle2, /*acquireFence*/ -1);
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-
-    // Ensure we can clear the buffer slots and then set the active slot with a new buffer
-    const auto buffer3 = allocate(::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer3);
-    const auto handle3 = buffer3->handle;
-    writer.setLayerBufferSlotsToClear(getPrimaryDisplayId(), layer, /*slotsToClear*/ {0, 1});
-    writer.setLayerBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), layer, /*slot*/ 1, handle3, /*acquireFence*/ -1);
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-}
-
-TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlCommandTest, SetLayerBufferWithSlotsToClear_backwardsCompatible) {
-    const auto& [versionStatus, version] = mComposerClient->getInterfaceVersion();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(versionStatus.isOk());
-    if (version > 1) {
-        GTEST_SUCCEED() << "Device does not need a backwards compatible way to clear buffer slots";
-        return;
-    }
-
-    auto clearSlotBuffer = allocate(1u, 1u, ::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGB_888);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, clearSlotBuffer);
-    auto clearSlotBufferHandle = clearSlotBuffer->handle;
-
-    const auto& [layerStatus, layer] =
-            mComposerClient->createLayer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), kBufferSlotCount);
-    EXPECT_TRUE(layerStatus.isOk());
-
-    auto& writer = getWriter(getPrimaryDisplayId());
-
-    const auto buffer1 = allocate(::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer1);
-    const auto handle1 = buffer1->handle;
-    writer.setLayerBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), layer, /*slot*/ 0, handle1, /*acquireFence*/ -1);
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-
-    const auto buffer2 = allocate(::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer2);
-    const auto handle2 = buffer2->handle;
-    EXPECT_TRUE(layerStatus.isOk());
-    writer.setLayerBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), layer, /*slot*/ 1, handle2, /*acquireFence*/ -1);
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-
-    // Ensure we can clear a buffer slot and then set that same slot with a new buffer
-    const auto buffer3 = allocate(::android::PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBA_8888);
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, buffer3);
-    const auto handle3 = buffer2->handle;
-    // SurfaceFlinger will never clear the active buffer, instead it will clear non-active buffers
-    // and then re-use the active buffer's slot for the new buffer
-    writer.setLayerBufferWithNewCommand(getPrimaryDisplayId(), layer, /*slot*/ 0,
-                                        clearSlotBufferHandle, /*acquireFence*/ -1);
-    writer.setLayerBuffer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), layer, /*slot*/ 1, handle3, /*acquireFence*/ -1);
-    execute();
-    ASSERT_TRUE(mReader.takeErrors().empty());
-}
-
 TEST_P(GraphicsComposerAidlCommandTest, SetLayerSurfaceDamage) {
     const auto& [layerStatus, layer] =
             mComposerClient->createLayer(getPrimaryDisplayId(), kBufferSlotCount);