diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index afbb1c4..61136ae 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -50,13 +50,10 @@
 
 cc_library_static {
     name: "RadioVtsTestUtilBase",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
     srcs : [
         "vts_test_util.cpp"
     ],
-    shared_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.radio@1.0",
-    ],
 }
 
 cc_library_headers {
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_cell_broadcast.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_cell_broadcast.cpp
index 8c4ccf6..a81861d 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_cell_broadcast.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_cell_broadcast.cpp
@@ -74,10 +74,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS,
-                                      RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE, RadioError::INVALID_STATE},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -94,10 +95,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE, RadioError::INVALID_STATE},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -122,9 +122,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -141,8 +141,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}, CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -160,9 +159,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -180,10 +179,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE,
-             RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE);
     }
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_data.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_data.cpp
index 9496688..4684e0f 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_data.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_data.cpp
@@ -75,11 +75,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::OP_NOT_ALLOWED_BEFORE_REG_TO_NW,
-                                      RadioError::OP_NOT_ALLOWED_DURING_VOICE_CALL,
-                                      RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-                                     CHECK_OEM_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::OP_NOT_ALLOWED_BEFORE_REG_TO_NW ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::OP_NOT_ALLOWED_DURING_VOICE_CALL ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT || CheckOEMError());
     }
 }
 
@@ -98,10 +98,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,
-                                      RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_CALL_ID},
-                                     CHECK_OEM_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_CALL_ID ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT || CheckOEMError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -118,9 +118,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -160,10 +160,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,
-                                      RadioError::SUBSCRIPTION_NOT_AVAILABLE},
-                                     CHECK_OEM_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SUBSCRIPTION_NOT_AVAILABLE ||
+                    CheckOEMError());
     }
 }
 
@@ -224,8 +224,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,
-                                      RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_icc.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_icc.cpp
index 566a516..eb5d337 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_icc.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_icc.cpp
@@ -310,10 +310,14 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR,
-             RadioError::INVALID_SIM_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::NO_MEMORY,
-             RadioError::PASSWORD_INCORRECT, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::SYSTEM_ERR}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SYSTEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NO_MEMORY ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_SIM_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::PASSWORD_INCORRECT ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_ims.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_ims.cpp
index e8e9241..aa9d987 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_ims.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_ims.cpp
@@ -31,8 +31,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -71,9 +70,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -95,9 +94,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -117,10 +116,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::FDN_CHECK_FAILURE,
-                                      RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::FDN_CHECK_FAILURE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -137,8 +137,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -156,8 +155,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -175,11 +174,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,
-             RadioError::NO_MEMORY, RadioError::SYSTEM_ERR, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED,
-             RadioError::CANCELLED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -196,9 +191,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE);
     }
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp
index 81c6bb5..f813532 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -108,10 +108,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::ILLEGAL_SIM_OR_ME, RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::ILLEGAL_SIM_OR_ME ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -127,10 +127,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::ILLEGAL_SIM_OR_ME,
-                                      RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::ILLEGAL_SIM_OR_ME ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -147,11 +148,11 @@
                 radioRsp->rspInfo.type == RadioResponseType::SOLICITED_ACK_EXP);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                             {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::CANCELLED, RadioError::DEVICE_IN_USE,
-                              RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED},
-                             CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::DEVICE_IN_USE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::CANCELLED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
   }
 }
 
@@ -167,7 +168,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -183,8 +184,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}, CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -216,8 +216,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}, CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -233,7 +232,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -249,9 +248,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -267,8 +265,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -284,9 +282,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -302,10 +300,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                             {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                             CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -321,7 +318,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -337,7 +334,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -353,8 +350,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -370,8 +367,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -387,9 +384,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -405,8 +402,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::EMPTY_RECORD}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::EMPTY_RECORD);
     }
 }
 
@@ -422,9 +419,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -440,9 +437,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -458,10 +455,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::SUBSCRIPTION_NOT_AVAILABLE},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        std::cout << static_cast<int>(radioRsp->rspInfo.error) << std::endl;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SUBSCRIPTION_NOT_AVAILABLE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -477,7 +474,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -493,9 +490,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::NO_NETWORK_FOUND},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NO_NETWORK_FOUND);
     }
 }
 
@@ -512,8 +508,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -529,8 +525,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}, CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -549,8 +544,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}, CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -567,8 +561,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}, CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -584,8 +577,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -603,11 +596,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                             {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS,
-                              RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::SUBSCRIPTION_NOT_SUPPORTED},
-                             CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SUBSCRIPTION_NOT_SUPPORTED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -623,8 +616,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}, CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -640,8 +632,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}, CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -657,7 +648,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -676,9 +667,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -694,9 +685,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR, RadioError::LCE_NOT_SUPPORTED,
-                                      RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::LCE_NOT_SUPPORTED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -712,9 +704,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::LCE_NOT_SUPPORTED,
-                                      RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::LCE_NOT_SUPPORTED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -730,10 +723,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE},
-            CHECK_OEM_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE || CheckOEMError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -749,8 +741,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -774,8 +766,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 
     /* Reset back to no carrier restriction */
@@ -789,8 +781,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -806,8 +798,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -825,8 +817,8 @@
     std::cout << static_cast<int>(radioRsp->rspInfo.error) << std::endl;
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -844,8 +836,8 @@
     std::cout << static_cast<int>(radioRsp->rspInfo.error) << std::endl;
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -861,7 +853,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED);
     }
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_sms.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_sms.cpp
index 469f03a..7d74703 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_sms.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_sms.cpp
@@ -34,10 +34,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
         EXPECT_EQ(0, radioRsp->sendSmsResult.errorCode);
     }
 }
@@ -61,10 +61,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -145,10 +145,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -170,9 +170,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::NO_SMS_TO_ACK},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NO_SMS_TO_ACK);
     }
 }
 
@@ -221,8 +221,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS);
     }
 }
 
@@ -239,10 +239,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -260,10 +259,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_SMS_FORMAT, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_SMS_FORMAT ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -284,12 +283,15 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::ENCODING_ERR, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS,
-             RadioError::INVALID_SMSC_ADDRESS, RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::NETWORK_NOT_READY,
-             RadioError::NO_RESOURCES, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::ENCODING_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NO_RESOURCES ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NETWORK_NOT_READY ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_SMSC_ADDRESS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -307,12 +309,13 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::ENCODING_ERR, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS,
-             RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE, RadioError::NO_SUCH_ENTRY, RadioError::MODEM_ERR,
-             RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NO_SUCH_ENTRY ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -358,12 +361,15 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_SMS_FORMAT,
-             RadioError::INVALID_SMSC_ADDRESS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR,
-             RadioError::NO_SUCH_ENTRY, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_SMS_FORMAT ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NO_SUCH_ENTRY ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_SMSC_ADDRESS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -410,11 +416,13 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE,
-             RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::NO_SUCH_ENTRY, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NO_SUCH_ENTRY ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -432,9 +440,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE,
-                                      RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_stk.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_stk.cpp
index 411d74c..611867a 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_stk.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_stk.cpp
@@ -34,10 +34,12 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS,
-                                      RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        std::cout << static_cast<int>(radioRsp->rspInfo.error) << std::endl;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -57,10 +59,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        std::cout << static_cast<int>(radioRsp->rspInfo.error) << std::endl;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -78,10 +81,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS,
-                                      RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -98,8 +101,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}, CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -120,9 +122,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SIM_ABSENT);
     }
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index da12aa4..ed2c6bb 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -65,3 +65,17 @@
     count--;
     return status;
 }
+
+bool RadioHidlTest::CheckGeneralError() {
+    return (radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE ||
+            radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NO_MEMORY ||
+            radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR ||
+            radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::SYSTEM_ERR ||
+            radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED ||
+            radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::CANCELLED);
+}
+
+bool RadioHidlTest::CheckOEMError() {
+    return (radioRsp->rspInfo.error >= RadioError::OEM_ERROR_1 &&
+            radioRsp->rspInfo.error <= RadioError::OEM_ERROR_25);
+}
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h
index ab0bd8b..b60887c 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h
@@ -529,6 +529,12 @@
     /* Test code calls this function to wait for response */
     std::cv_status wait();
 
+    /* Used for checking General Errors */
+    bool CheckGeneralError();
+
+    /* Used for checking OEM Errors */
+    bool CheckOEMError();
+
     sp<IRadio> radio;
     sp<RadioResponse> radioRsp;
     sp<RadioIndication> radioInd;
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_voice.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_voice.cpp
index b3d5648..1d2f199 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_voice.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_voice.cpp
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -48,14 +48,18 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::CANCELLED, RadioError::DEVICE_IN_USE, RadioError::FDN_CHECK_FAILURE,
-             RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_CALL_ID,
-             RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR,
-             RadioError::NO_NETWORK_FOUND, RadioError::NO_SUBSCRIPTION,
-             RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::FDN_CHECK_FAILURE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NO_SUBSCRIPTION ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NO_NETWORK_FOUND ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_CALL_ID ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::DEVICE_IN_USE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::CANCELLED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -71,10 +75,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -90,9 +94,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -108,9 +111,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -126,9 +128,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -144,9 +145,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -162,9 +162,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -180,8 +179,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}, CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -196,10 +194,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -215,10 +213,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(
-            CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                             {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                             CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -237,10 +234,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -259,10 +256,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -278,10 +275,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -297,10 +294,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -316,9 +313,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -334,10 +330,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -353,9 +349,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR);
     }
 }
 
@@ -371,11 +366,14 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS,
-                                      RadioError::INVALID_CALL_ID, RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE,
-                                      RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        std::cout << static_cast<int>(radioRsp->rspInfo.error) << std::endl;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_CALL_ID ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED);
     }
 }
 
@@ -391,11 +389,12 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_CALL_ID,
-             RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_CALL_ID ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -411,11 +410,12 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-            radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_CALL_ID,
-             RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_CALL_ID ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -431,10 +431,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_CALL_ID,
-                                      RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE, RadioError::MODEM_ERR},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() || radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_CALL_ID ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_MODEM_STATE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -450,9 +450,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp->rspInfo.error);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE);
     }
 }
 
@@ -484,9 +484,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp->rspInfo.serial);
 
     if (cardStatus.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
-        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp->rspInfo.error,
-                                     {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE,
-                                      RadioError::MODEM_ERR, RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED},
-                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckGeneralError() ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::INVALID_STATE ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::MODEM_ERR ||
+                    radioRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED);
     }
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index d0788dd..bb61487 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
     EXPECT_EQ(sapCb->sapResponseToken, token);
 
-    ASSERT_TRUE(
-        CheckAnyOfErrors(sapCb->sapResultCode,
-                         {SapResultCode::GENERIC_FAILURE, SapResultCode::CARD_ALREADY_POWERED_OFF,
-                          SapResultCode::CARD_NOT_ACCESSSIBLE, SapResultCode::CARD_REMOVED}));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(SapResultCode::GENERIC_FAILURE == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::CARD_NOT_ACCESSSIBLE == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::CARD_ALREADY_POWERED_OFF == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::CARD_REMOVED == sapCb->sapResultCode);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
     EXPECT_EQ(sapCb->sapResponseToken, token);
 
-    ASSERT_TRUE(
-        CheckAnyOfErrors(sapCb->sapResultCode,
-                         {SapResultCode::GENERIC_FAILURE, SapResultCode::DATA_NOT_AVAILABLE,
-                          SapResultCode::CARD_ALREADY_POWERED_OFF, SapResultCode::CARD_REMOVED}));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(SapResultCode::GENERIC_FAILURE == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::DATA_NOT_AVAILABLE == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::CARD_ALREADY_POWERED_OFF == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::CARD_REMOVED == sapCb->sapResultCode);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -84,10 +84,11 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
     EXPECT_EQ(sapCb->sapResponseToken, token);
 
-    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-        sapCb->sapResultCode, {SapResultCode::GENERIC_FAILURE, SapResultCode::CARD_NOT_ACCESSSIBLE,
-                               SapResultCode::CARD_ALREADY_POWERED_OFF, SapResultCode::CARD_REMOVED,
-                               SapResultCode::CARD_ALREADY_POWERED_ON}));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(SapResultCode::GENERIC_FAILURE == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::CARD_NOT_ACCESSSIBLE == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::CARD_ALREADY_POWERED_OFF == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::CARD_REMOVED == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::CARD_ALREADY_POWERED_ON == sapCb->sapResultCode);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -100,10 +101,10 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
     EXPECT_EQ(sapCb->sapResponseToken, token);
 
-    ASSERT_TRUE(
-        CheckAnyOfErrors(sapCb->sapResultCode,
-                         {SapResultCode::GENERIC_FAILURE, SapResultCode::CARD_NOT_ACCESSSIBLE,
-                          SapResultCode::CARD_ALREADY_POWERED_OFF, SapResultCode::CARD_REMOVED}));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(SapResultCode::GENERIC_FAILURE == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::CARD_NOT_ACCESSSIBLE == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::CARD_ALREADY_POWERED_OFF == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::CARD_REMOVED == sapCb->sapResultCode);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -116,8 +117,8 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
     EXPECT_EQ(sapCb->sapResponseToken, token);
 
-    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
-        sapCb->sapResultCode, {SapResultCode::GENERIC_FAILURE, SapResultCode::DATA_NOT_AVAILABLE}));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(SapResultCode::GENERIC_FAILURE == sapCb->sapResultCode ||
+                SapResultCode::DATA_NOT_AVAILABLE == sapCb->sapResultCode);
 }
 
 /*
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.cpp
index ec96e5f..c6d1f9f 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.cpp
@@ -15,42 +15,8 @@
  */
 #include <vts_test_util.h>
 #include <iostream>
+using namespace std;
 
 int GetRandomSerialNumber() {
     return rand();
-}
-
-::testing::AssertionResult CheckAnyOfErrors(RadioError err, std::vector<RadioError> errors,
-                                            CheckFlag flag) {
-    const static vector<RadioError> generalErrors = {
-        RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,   RadioError::NO_MEMORY,
-        RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR,          RadioError::SYSTEM_ERR,
-        RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED, RadioError::CANCELLED};
-    if (flag == CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR || flag == CHECK_OEM_AND_GENERAL_ERROR) {
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < generalErrors.size(); i++) {
-            if (err == generalErrors[i]) {
-                return testing::AssertionSuccess();
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    if (flag == CHECK_OEM_ERROR || flag == CHECK_OEM_AND_GENERAL_ERROR) {
-        if (err >= RadioError::OEM_ERROR_1 && err <= RadioError::OEM_ERROR_25) {
-            return testing::AssertionSuccess();
-        }
-    }
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < errors.size(); i++) {
-        if (err == errors[i]) {
-            return testing::AssertionSuccess();
-        }
-    }
-    return testing::AssertionFailure() << "RadioError:" + toString(err) + " is returned";
-}
-
-::testing::AssertionResult CheckAnyOfErrors(SapResultCode err, std::vector<SapResultCode> errors) {
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < errors.size(); i++) {
-        if (err == errors[i]) {
-            return testing::AssertionSuccess();
-        }
-    }
-    return testing::AssertionFailure() << "SapError:" + toString(err) + " is returned";
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.h b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.h
index 3bca450..939013f 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.h
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.h
@@ -14,37 +14,4 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <android-base/logging.h>
-
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
-#include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/types.h>
-
-using ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::RadioError;
-using ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::SapResultCode;
-using namespace std;
-
-enum CheckFlag {
-    CHECK_DEFAULT = 0,
-    CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR = 1,
-    CHECK_OEM_ERROR = 2,
-    CHECK_OEM_AND_GENERAL_ERROR = 3,
-    CHECK_SAP_ERROR = 4,
-};
-
-/*
- * Generate random serial number for radio test
- */
-int GetRandomSerialNumber();
-
-/*
- * Check multiple radio error codes which are possibly returned because of the different
- * vendor/devices implementations. It allows optional checks for general errors or/and oem errors.
- */
-::testing::AssertionResult CheckAnyOfErrors(RadioError err, std::vector<RadioError> generalError,
-                                            CheckFlag flag = CHECK_DEFAULT);
-/*
- * Check multiple sap error codes which are possibly returned because of the different
- * vendor/devices implementations.
- */
-::testing::AssertionResult CheckAnyOfErrors(SapResultCode err, std::vector<SapResultCode> errors);
\ No newline at end of file
+int GetRandomSerialNumber();
\ No newline at end of file