diff --git a/PREUPLOAD.cfg b/PREUPLOAD.cfg
index 0140275..6740bb5 100644
--- a/PREUPLOAD.cfg
+++ b/PREUPLOAD.cfg
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 ignore_merged_commits = true
 
 [Builtin Hooks]
+bpfmt = true
 clang_format = true
 
 [Hook Scripts]
diff --git a/TEST_MAPPING b/TEST_MAPPING
index 98e125b..543acf6 100644
--- a/TEST_MAPPING
+++ b/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -1,7 +1,13 @@
 {
   "presubmit": [
     {
-      "name": "hidl_implementation_test"
+      "name": "vts_treble_vintf_framework_test"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "vts_treble_vintf_vendor_test"
+    },
+    {
+      "name": "hal_implementation_test"
     }
   ]
 }
diff --git a/audio/5.0/config/api/current.txt b/audio/5.0/config/api/current.txt
index c665781..a1d8e1e 100644
--- a/audio/5.0/config/api/current.txt
+++ b/audio/5.0/config/api/current.txt
@@ -237,6 +237,7 @@
     method public audio.policy.configuration.V5_0.GainMode getMode();
     method public String getName();
     method public int getStepValueMB();
+    method public boolean getUseForVolume();
     method public void setChannel_mask(String);
     method public void setDefaultValueMB(int);
     method public void setMaxRampMs(int);
@@ -246,6 +247,7 @@
     method public void setMode(audio.policy.configuration.V5_0.GainMode);
     method public void setName(String);
     method public void setStepValueMB(int);
+    method public void setUseForVolume(boolean);
   }
 
   public class GlobalConfiguration {
diff --git a/audio/5.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd b/audio/5.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd
index 2e1a722..284d2e2 100644
--- a/audio/5.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd
+++ b/audio/5.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd
@@ -446,6 +446,7 @@
                     <xs:attribute name="stepValueMB" type="xs:int" use="optional"/>
                     <xs:attribute name="minRampMs" type="xs:int" use="optional"/>
                     <xs:attribute name="maxRampMs" type="xs:int" use="optional"/>
+                    <xs:attribute name="useForVolume" type="xs:boolean" use="optional"/>
                 </xs:complexType>
             </xs:element>
         </xs:sequence>
diff --git a/audio/6.0/IDevice.hal b/audio/6.0/IDevice.hal
index e885fe2..2347696 100644
--- a/audio/6.0/IDevice.hal
+++ b/audio/6.0/IDevice.hal
@@ -280,4 +280,43 @@
      */
     setConnectedState(DeviceAddress address, bool connected)
             generates (Result retval);
+
+    /**
+     * Called by the framework to deinitialize the device and free up
+     * all currently allocated resources. It is recommended to close
+     * the device on the client side as soon as it is becomes unused.
+     *
+     * Note that all streams must be closed by the client before
+     * attempting to close the device they belong to.
+     *
+     * @return retval OK in case the success.
+     *                INVALID_STATE if the device was already closed
+     *                or there are streams currently opened.
+     */
+    @exit
+    close() generates (Result retval);
+
+    /**
+     * Applies an audio effect to an audio device.
+     *
+     * @param device identifies the sink or source device this effect must be applied to.
+     *               "device" is the AudioPortHandle indicated for the device when the audio
+     *                patch connecting that device was created.
+     * @param effectId effect ID (obtained from IEffectsFactory.createEffect) of
+     *                 the effect to add.
+     * @return retval operation completion status.
+     */
+    addDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) generates (Result retval);
+
+    /**
+     * Stops applying an audio effect to an audio device.
+     *
+     * @param device identifies the sink or source device this effect was applied to.
+     *               "device" is the AudioPortHandle indicated for the device when the audio
+     *               patch is created at the audio HAL.
+     * @param effectId effect ID (obtained from IEffectsFactory.createEffect) of
+     *                 the effect.
+     * @return retval operation completion status.
+     */
+    removeDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) generates (Result retval);
 };
diff --git a/audio/6.0/IStream.hal b/audio/6.0/IStream.hal
index 451e116..d7d3c84 100644
--- a/audio/6.0/IStream.hal
+++ b/audio/6.0/IStream.hal
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@
      * @return retval OK in case the success.
      *                NOT_SUPPORTED on non mmap mode streams
      *                NOT_INITIALIZED in case of memory allocation error
-     *                INVALID_ARGUMENTS if the requested buffer size is too large
+     *                INVALID_ARGUMENTS if the requested buffer size is invalid
      *                INVALID_STATE if called out of sequence
      * @return info    a MmapBufferInfo struct containing information on the MMMAP buffer created.
      */
@@ -300,13 +300,17 @@
 
     /**
      * Called by the framework to deinitialize the stream and free up
-     * all the currently allocated resources. It is recommended to close
+     * all currently allocated resources. It is recommended to close
      * the stream on the client side as soon as it is becomes unused.
      *
+     * The client must ensure that this function is not called while
+     * audio data is being transferred through the stream's message queues.
+     *
      * @return retval OK in case the success.
      *                NOT_SUPPORTED if called on IStream instead of input or
      *                              output stream interface.
      *                INVALID_STATE if the stream was already closed.
      */
+    @exit
     close() generates (Result retval);
 };
diff --git a/audio/6.0/config/api/current.txt b/audio/6.0/config/api/current.txt
index 7aa147c..adab3d2 100644
--- a/audio/6.0/config/api/current.txt
+++ b/audio/6.0/config/api/current.txt
@@ -214,6 +214,12 @@
     method public void set_default(boolean);
   }
 
+  public enum EngineSuffix {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.EngineSuffix _default;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.EngineSuffix configurable;
+  }
+
   public enum GainMode {
     method public String getRawName();
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.GainMode AUDIO_GAIN_MODE_CHANNELS;
@@ -237,6 +243,7 @@
     method public audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.GainMode getMode();
     method public String getName();
     method public int getStepValueMB();
+    method public boolean getUseForVolume();
     method public void setChannel_mask(String);
     method public void setDefaultValueMB(int);
     method public void setMaxRampMs(int);
@@ -246,11 +253,14 @@
     method public void setMode(audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.GainMode);
     method public void setName(String);
     method public void setStepValueMB(int);
+    method public void setUseForVolume(boolean);
   }
 
   public class GlobalConfiguration {
     ctor public GlobalConfiguration();
+    method public audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.EngineSuffix getEngine_library();
     method public boolean getSpeaker_drc_enabled();
+    method public void setEngine_library(audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.EngineSuffix);
     method public void setSpeaker_drc_enabled(boolean);
   }
 
@@ -357,6 +367,7 @@
     method public String getRawName();
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ALARM;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF;
     enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configuration.V6_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ENFORCED_AUDIBLE;
diff --git a/audio/6.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd b/audio/6.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd
index 0dc89bb..3fc60e2 100644
--- a/audio/6.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd
+++ b/audio/6.0/config/audio_policy_configuration.xsd
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
     </xs:element>
     <xs:complexType name="globalConfiguration">
         <xs:attribute name="speaker_drc_enabled" type="xs:boolean" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="engine_library" type="engineSuffix" use="optional"/>
     </xs:complexType>
     <xs:complexType name="modules">
         <xs:annotation>
@@ -446,6 +447,7 @@
                     <xs:attribute name="stepValueMB" type="xs:int" use="optional"/>
                     <xs:attribute name="minRampMs" type="xs:int" use="optional"/>
                     <xs:attribute name="maxRampMs" type="xs:int" use="optional"/>
+                    <xs:attribute name="useForVolume" type="xs:boolean" use="optional"/>
                 </xs:complexType>
             </xs:element>
         </xs:sequence>
@@ -549,6 +551,7 @@
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_TTS"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_REROUTING"/>
             <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_PATCH"/>
         </xs:restriction>
@@ -621,4 +624,10 @@
             </xs:element>
         </xs:sequence>
     </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:simpleType name="engineSuffix">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="default"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="configurable"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
 </xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/common/6.0/Android.bp b/audio/common/6.0/Android.bp
index 1a4e054..94f1cf8 100644
--- a/audio/common/6.0/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/common/6.0/Android.bp
@@ -12,6 +12,6 @@
     interfaces: [
         "android.hidl.safe_union@1.0",
     ],
-    gen_java: false,
+    gen_java: true,
     gen_java_constants: true,
 }
diff --git a/audio/common/6.0/types.hal b/audio/common/6.0/types.hal
index 132f86d..da506d6 100644
--- a/audio/common/6.0/types.hal
+++ b/audio/common/6.0/types.hal
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@
     TTS              = 9,  // Transmitted Through Speaker.  Plays over speaker
                            // only, silent on other devices
     ACCESSIBILITY    = 10, // For accessibility talk back prompts
+    ASSISTANT        = 11, // For virtual assistant service
 };
 
 @export(name="audio_source_t", value_prefix="AUDIO_SOURCE_")
@@ -156,6 +157,11 @@
 @export(name="audio_session_t", value_prefix="AUDIO_SESSION_")
 enum AudioSessionConsts : int32_t {
     /**
+     * Session for effects attached to a particular sink or source audio device
+     * (e.g an effect only applied to a speaker)
+     */
+    DEVICE = -2,
+    /**
      * Session for effects attached to a particular output stream
      * (value must be less than 0)
      */
diff --git a/audio/common/all-versions/copyHAL.sh b/audio/common/all-versions/copyHAL.sh
index d07012f..0a32a51 100755
--- a/audio/common/all-versions/copyHAL.sh
+++ b/audio/common/all-versions/copyHAL.sh
@@ -21,11 +21,12 @@
 
 readonly FWK_DIRECTORY=frameworks/av/media/libaudiohal
 readonly IMPL_DIRECTORY=impl
-readonly IMPL_FACTORYHAL=$IMPL_DIRECTORY/include/libaudiohal/FactoryHalHidl.h
+readonly IMPL_FACTORYHAL=FactoryHalHidl.cpp
 
 readonly VTS_DIRECTORY=test/vts-testcase/hal/audio
 readonly VTS_LIST=test/vts/tools/build/tasks/list/vts_test_lib_hidl_package_list.mk
 readonly WATCHDOG=frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/Watchdog.cpp
+readonly DUMP_UTILS=frameworks/native/libs/dumputils/dump_utils.cpp
 readonly GSI_CURRENT=build/make/target/product/gsi/current.txt
 
 readonly BASE_VERSION=${1:-$(ls $ANDROID_BUILD_TOP/$HAL_DIRECTORY | grep -E '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' |
@@ -149,7 +150,7 @@
 
 createFrameworkAdapter() {
     updateVersion -v original_before=1 Android.bp
-    updateVersion -v original_before=1 -v RS= -v ORS='\n\n' $IMPL_FACTORYHAL/Android.bp
+    updateVersion -v original_before=1 -v RS= -v ORS='\n\n' $IMPL_DIRECTORY/Android.bp
     updateVersion -v original_after=1 $IMPL_FACTORYHAL
 }
 echo "Now creating the framework adapter version"
@@ -171,6 +172,9 @@
 echo "Now update watchdog"
 runIfNeeded $(dirname $WATCHDOG) updateAudioVersion -v original_before=1 $(basename $WATCHDOG)
 
+echo "Now update dumputils"
+runIfNeeded $(dirname $DUMP_UTILS) updateAudioVersion -v original_before=1 $(basename $DUMP_UTILS)
+
 echo "Now update GSI current.txt"
 runIfNeeded $(dirname $GSI_CURRENT) update-vndk-list.sh
 
diff --git a/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/Android.bp b/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/Android.bp
index 4565730..3e8b715 100644
--- a/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/Android.bp
@@ -24,23 +24,6 @@
         "liblog",
         "libutils",
         "libhardware",
-        "android.hardware.audio@2.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio@4.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio@5.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio@6.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.common@2.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.common@4.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.common@5.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.common@6.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.effect@5.0",
-        "android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0",
-        "android.hardware.bluetooth.a2dp@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.bluetooth.audio@2.0",
-        "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0",
-        "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.1",
-        "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.2",
     ],
 }
 
diff --git a/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/service.cpp b/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/service.cpp
index 2730f3b..7331b0a 100644
--- a/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/service.cpp
+++ b/audio/common/all-versions/default/service/service.cpp
@@ -16,19 +16,9 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "audiohalservice"
 
-#include <android/hardware/audio/2.0/IDevicesFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/4.0/IDevicesFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/5.0/IDevicesFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/6.0/IDevicesFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/effect/2.0/IEffectsFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/effect/4.0/IEffectsFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/effect/5.0/IEffectsFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/audio/effect/6.0/IEffectsFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/bluetooth/a2dp/1.0/IBluetoothAudioOffload.h>
-#include <android/hardware/bluetooth/audio/2.0/IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/soundtrigger/2.0/ISoundTriggerHw.h>
-#include <android/hardware/soundtrigger/2.1/ISoundTriggerHw.h>
-#include <android/hardware/soundtrigger/2.2/ISoundTriggerHw.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
 #include <binder/ProcessState.h>
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
 #include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
@@ -38,13 +28,20 @@
 using namespace android::hardware;
 using android::OK;
 
+using InterfacesList = std::vector<std::string>;
+
 /** Try to register the provided factories in the provided order.
  *  If any registers successfully, do not register any other and return true.
  *  If all fail, return false.
  */
-template <class... Factories>
-bool registerPassthroughServiceImplementations() {
-    return ((registerPassthroughServiceImplementation<Factories>() != OK) && ...);
+template <class Iter>
+static bool registerPassthroughServiceImplementations(Iter first, Iter last) {
+    for (; first != last; ++first) {
+        if (registerPassthroughServiceImplementation(*first) == OK) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
 }
 
 int main(int /* argc */, char* /* argv */ []) {
@@ -61,36 +58,57 @@
     }
     configureRpcThreadpool(16, true /*callerWillJoin*/);
 
-    // Keep versions on a separate line for easier parsing
+    // Automatic formatting tries to compact the lines, making them less readable
     // clang-format off
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF((registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<
-                                audio::V6_0::IDevicesFactory,
-                                audio::V5_0::IDevicesFactory,
-                                audio::V4_0::IDevicesFactory,
-                                audio::V2_0::IDevicesFactory>()),
-                        "Could not register audio core API");
+    const std::vector<InterfacesList> mandatoryInterfaces = {
+        {
+            "Audio Core API",
+            "android.hardware.audio@6.0::IDevicesFactory",
+            "android.hardware.audio@5.0::IDevicesFactory",
+            "android.hardware.audio@4.0::IDevicesFactory",
+            "android.hardware.audio@2.0::IDevicesFactory"
+        },
+        {
+            "Audio Effect API",
+            "android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IEffectsFactory",
+            "android.hardware.audio.effect@5.0::IEffectsFactory",
+            "android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0::IEffectsFactory",
+            "android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0::IEffectsFactory",
+        }
+    };
 
-    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF((registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<
-                                audio::effect::V6_0::IEffectsFactory,
-                                audio::effect::V5_0::IEffectsFactory,
-                                audio::effect::V4_0::IEffectsFactory,
-                                audio::effect::V2_0::IEffectsFactory>()),
-                        "Could not register audio effect API");
+    const std::vector<InterfacesList> optionalInterfaces = {
+        {
+            "Soundtrigger API",
+            "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.2::ISoundTriggerHw",
+            "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.1::ISoundTriggerHw",
+            "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::ISoundTriggerHw",
+        },
+        {
+            "Bluetooth Audio API",
+            "android.hardware.bluetooth.audio@2.0::IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory"
+        },
+        // remove the old HIDL when Bluetooth Audio Hal V2 has offloading supported
+        {
+            "Bluetooth Audio Offload API",
+            "android.hardware.bluetooth.a2dp@1.0::IBluetoothAudioOffload"
+        }
+    };
     // clang-format on
 
-    ALOGW_IF((registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<soundtrigger::V2_2::ISoundTriggerHw,
-                                                        soundtrigger::V2_1::ISoundTriggerHw,
-                                                        soundtrigger::V2_0::ISoundTriggerHw>()),
-             "Could not register soundtrigger API");
+    for (const auto& listIter : mandatoryInterfaces) {
+        auto iter = listIter.begin();
+        const std::string& interfaceFamilyName = *iter++;
+        LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(!registerPassthroughServiceImplementations(iter, listIter.end()),
+                            "Could not register %s", interfaceFamilyName.c_str());
+    }
 
-    ALOGW_IF(registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<
-                     bluetooth::audio::V2_0::IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory>(),
-             "Could not register Bluetooth audio API");
-
-    // remove the old HIDL when Bluetooth Audio Hal V2 has offloading supported
-    ALOGW_IF(registerPassthroughServiceImplementations<
-                     bluetooth::a2dp::V1_0::IBluetoothAudioOffload>(),
-             "Could not register Bluetooth audio offload API");
+    for (const auto& listIter : optionalInterfaces) {
+        auto iter = listIter.begin();
+        const std::string& interfaceFamilyName = *iter++;
+        ALOGW_IF(!registerPassthroughServiceImplementations(iter, listIter.end()),
+                 "Could not register %s", interfaceFamilyName.c_str());
+    }
 
     joinRpcThreadpool();
 }
diff --git a/audio/common/all-versions/test/utility/include/utility/PrettyPrintAudioTypes.h b/audio/common/all-versions/test/utility/include/utility/PrettyPrintAudioTypes.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 3833fd0..0000000
--- a/audio/common/all-versions/test/utility/include/utility/PrettyPrintAudioTypes.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2018 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_COMMON_TEST_UTILITY_PRETTY_PRINT_AUDIO_TYPES_H
-#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_COMMON_TEST_UTILITY_PRETTY_PRINT_AUDIO_TYPES_H
-
-#include <iosfwd>
-#include <utility>
-
-/** @file Use HIDL generated toString methods to pretty print gtest errors
- *        Unfortunately Gtest does not offer a template to specialize, only
- *        overloading PrintTo.
- *  @note that this overload can NOT be template because
- *        the fallback is already template, resulting in ambiguity.
- *  @note that the overload MUST be in the exact namespace
- *        the type is declared in, as per the ADL rules.
- */
-
-namespace android {
-namespace hardware {
-namespace audio {
-
-#define DEFINE_GTEST_PRINT_TO(T) \
-    inline void PrintTo(const T& val, ::std::ostream* os) { *os << toString(val); }
-
-namespace CPP_VERSION {
-DEFINE_GTEST_PRINT_TO(IPrimaryDevice::TtyMode)
-DEFINE_GTEST_PRINT_TO(Result)
-}  // namespace CPP_VERSION
-
-namespace common {
-namespace CPP_VERSION {
-DEFINE_GTEST_PRINT_TO(AudioConfig)
-DEFINE_GTEST_PRINT_TO(AudioMode)
-DEFINE_GTEST_PRINT_TO(AudioDevice)
-DEFINE_GTEST_PRINT_TO(AudioFormat)
-DEFINE_GTEST_PRINT_TO(AudioChannelMask)
-}  // namespace CPP_VERSION
-}  // namespace common
-
-#undef DEFINE_GTEST_PRINT_TO
-
-}  // namespace audio
-}  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
-
-#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_AUDIO_COMMON_TEST_UTILITY_PRETTY_PRINT_AUDIO_TYPES_H
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp
index 007ad85..6f18d1d 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Android.bp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
 
     shared_libs: [
+        "libaudiofoundation",
         "libbase",
         "libcutils",
         "libfmq",
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Conversions.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Conversions.cpp
index 11872c0..eddff55 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Conversions.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Conversions.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <stdio.h>
 
 #include <log/log.h>
+#include <media/AudioContainers.h>
 
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
@@ -31,26 +32,22 @@
     char halAddress[AUDIO_DEVICE_MAX_ADDRESS_LEN];
     memset(halAddress, 0, sizeof(halAddress));
     uint32_t halDevice = static_cast<uint32_t>(address.device);
-    const bool isInput = (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_BIT_IN) != 0;
-    if (isInput) halDevice &= ~AUDIO_DEVICE_BIT_IN;
-    if ((!isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ALL_A2DP) != 0) ||
-        (isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_A2DP) != 0)) {
+    if (getAudioDeviceOutAllA2dpSet().count(halDevice) > 0 ||
+        halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_A2DP) {
         snprintf(halAddress, sizeof(halAddress), "%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X",
                  address.address.mac[0], address.address.mac[1], address.address.mac[2],
                  address.address.mac[3], address.address.mac[4], address.address.mac[5]);
-    } else if ((!isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP) != 0) ||
-               (isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_IP) != 0)) {
+    } else if (halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP || halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_IP) {
         snprintf(halAddress, sizeof(halAddress), "%d.%d.%d.%d", address.address.ipv4[0],
                  address.address.ipv4[1], address.address.ipv4[2], address.address.ipv4[3]);
-    } else if ((!isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ALL_USB) != 0) ||
-               (isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_ALL_USB) != 0)) {
+    } else if (getAudioDeviceOutAllUsbSet().count(halDevice) > 0 ||
+               getAudioDeviceInAllUsbSet().count(halDevice) > 0) {
         snprintf(halAddress, sizeof(halAddress), "card=%d;device=%d", address.address.alsa.card,
                  address.address.alsa.device);
-    } else if ((!isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS) != 0) ||
-               (isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS) != 0)) {
+    } else if (halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS || halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS) {
         snprintf(halAddress, sizeof(halAddress), "%s", address.busAddress.c_str());
-    } else if ((!isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX)) != 0 ||
-               (isInput && (halDevice & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX) != 0)) {
+    } else if (halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX ||
+               halDevice == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX) {
         snprintf(halAddress, sizeof(halAddress), "%s", address.rSubmixAddress.c_str());
     }
     return halAddress;
@@ -67,32 +64,28 @@
         return OK;
     }
 
-    const bool isInput = (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_BIT_IN) != 0;
-    if (isInput) device &= ~AUDIO_DEVICE_BIT_IN;
-    if ((!isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ALL_A2DP) != 0) ||
-        (isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_A2DP) != 0)) {
+    if (getAudioDeviceOutAllA2dpSet().count(device) > 0 ||
+        device == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_A2DP) {
         int status =
             sscanf(halAddress, "%hhX:%hhX:%hhX:%hhX:%hhX:%hhX", &address->address.mac[0],
                    &address->address.mac[1], &address->address.mac[2], &address->address.mac[3],
                    &address->address.mac[4], &address->address.mac[5]);
         return status == 6 ? OK : BAD_VALUE;
-    } else if ((!isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP) != 0) ||
-               (isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_IP) != 0)) {
+    } else if (device == AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP || device == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_IP) {
         int status =
             sscanf(halAddress, "%hhu.%hhu.%hhu.%hhu", &address->address.ipv4[0],
                    &address->address.ipv4[1], &address->address.ipv4[2], &address->address.ipv4[3]);
         return status == 4 ? OK : BAD_VALUE;
-    } else if ((!isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ALL_USB)) != 0 ||
-               (isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_ALL_USB)) != 0) {
+    } else if (getAudioDeviceOutAllUsbSet().count(device) > 0 ||
+               getAudioDeviceInAllUsbSet().count(device) > 0) {
         int status = sscanf(halAddress, "card=%d;device=%d", &address->address.alsa.card,
                             &address->address.alsa.device);
         return status == 2 ? OK : BAD_VALUE;
-    } else if ((!isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS) != 0) ||
-               (isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS) != 0)) {
+    } else if (device == AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS || device == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS) {
         address->busAddress = halAddress;
         return OK;
-    } else if ((!isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX)) != 0 ||
-               (isInput && (device & AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX) != 0)) {
+    } else if (device == AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX ||
+               device == AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX) {
         address->rSubmixAddress = halAddress;
         return OK;
     }
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Device.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Device.cpp
index 1a9df21..ad841ca 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Device.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Device.cpp
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 #include "core/default/Device.h"
 #include <HidlUtils.h>
+#include "common/all-versions/default/EffectMap.h"
 #include "core/default/Conversions.h"
 #include "core/default/StreamIn.h"
 #include "core/default/StreamOut.h"
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@
 
 //#define LOG_NDEBUG 0
 
+#include <inttypes.h>
 #include <memory.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <algorithm>
@@ -39,11 +41,10 @@
 
 using ::android::hardware::audio::common::CPP_VERSION::implementation::HidlUtils;
 
-Device::Device(audio_hw_device_t* device) : mDevice(device) {}
+Device::Device(audio_hw_device_t* device) : mIsClosed(false), mDevice(device) {}
 
 Device::~Device() {
-    int status = audio_hw_device_close(mDevice);
-    ALOGW_IF(status, "Error closing audio hw device %p: %s", mDevice, strerror(-status));
+    (void)doClose();
     mDevice = nullptr;
 }
 
@@ -54,10 +55,14 @@
 
 void Device::closeInputStream(audio_stream_in_t* stream) {
     mDevice->close_input_stream(mDevice, stream);
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mOpenedStreamsCount == 0, "mOpenedStreamsCount is already 0");
+    --mOpenedStreamsCount;
 }
 
 void Device::closeOutputStream(audio_stream_out_t* stream) {
     mDevice->close_output_stream(mDevice, stream);
+    LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL_IF(mOpenedStreamsCount == 0, "mOpenedStreamsCount is already 0");
+    --mOpenedStreamsCount;
 }
 
 char* Device::halGetParameters(const char* keys) {
@@ -81,26 +86,29 @@
         ALOGW("Can not set a master volume (%f) outside [0,1]", volume);
         return Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
     }
-    return analyzeStatus("set_master_volume", mDevice->set_master_volume(mDevice, volume));
+    return analyzeStatus("set_master_volume", mDevice->set_master_volume(mDevice, volume),
+                         {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
 }
 
 Return<void> Device::getMasterVolume(getMasterVolume_cb _hidl_cb) {
     Result retval(Result::NOT_SUPPORTED);
     float volume = 0;
     if (mDevice->get_master_volume != NULL) {
-        retval = analyzeStatus("get_master_volume", mDevice->get_master_volume(mDevice, &volume));
+        retval = analyzeStatus("get_master_volume", mDevice->get_master_volume(mDevice, &volume),
+                               {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
     }
     _hidl_cb(retval, volume);
     return Void();
 }
 
 Return<Result> Device::setMicMute(bool mute) {
-    return analyzeStatus("set_mic_mute", mDevice->set_mic_mute(mDevice, mute));
+    return analyzeStatus("set_mic_mute", mDevice->set_mic_mute(mDevice, mute), {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
 }
 
 Return<void> Device::getMicMute(getMicMute_cb _hidl_cb) {
     bool mute = false;
-    Result retval = analyzeStatus("get_mic_mute", mDevice->get_mic_mute(mDevice, &mute));
+    Result retval = analyzeStatus("get_mic_mute", mDevice->get_mic_mute(mDevice, &mute),
+                                  {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
     _hidl_cb(retval, mute);
     return Void();
 }
@@ -108,7 +116,8 @@
 Return<Result> Device::setMasterMute(bool mute) {
     Result retval(Result::NOT_SUPPORTED);
     if (mDevice->set_master_mute != NULL) {
-        retval = analyzeStatus("set_master_mute", mDevice->set_master_mute(mDevice, mute));
+        retval = analyzeStatus("set_master_mute", mDevice->set_master_mute(mDevice, mute),
+                               {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
     }
     return retval;
 }
@@ -117,7 +126,8 @@
     Result retval(Result::NOT_SUPPORTED);
     bool mute = false;
     if (mDevice->get_master_mute != NULL) {
-        retval = analyzeStatus("get_master_mute", mDevice->get_master_mute(mDevice, &mute));
+        retval = analyzeStatus("get_master_mute", mDevice->get_master_mute(mDevice, &mute),
+                               {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
     }
     _hidl_cb(retval, mute);
     return Void();
@@ -159,6 +169,7 @@
     sp<IStreamOut> streamOut;
     if (status == OK) {
         streamOut = new StreamOut(this, halStream);
+        ++mOpenedStreamsCount;
     }
     HidlUtils::audioConfigFromHal(halConfig, suggestedConfig);
     return {analyzeStatus("open_output_stream", status, {EINVAL} /*ignore*/), streamOut};
@@ -185,6 +196,7 @@
     sp<IStreamIn> streamIn;
     if (status == OK) {
         streamIn = new StreamIn(this, halStream);
+        ++mOpenedStreamsCount;
     }
     HidlUtils::audioConfigFromHal(halConfig, suggestedConfig);
     return {analyzeStatus("open_input_stream", status, {EINVAL} /*ignore*/), streamIn};
@@ -383,6 +395,51 @@
 }
 #endif
 
+Result Device::doClose() {
+    if (mIsClosed || mOpenedStreamsCount != 0) return Result::INVALID_STATE;
+    mIsClosed = true;
+    return analyzeStatus("close", audio_hw_device_close(mDevice));
+}
+
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+Return<Result> Device::close() {
+    return doClose();
+}
+
+Return<Result> Device::addDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) {
+    if (version() < AUDIO_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_1 || mDevice->add_device_effect == nullptr) {
+        return Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    }
+
+    effect_handle_t halEffect = EffectMap::getInstance().get(effectId);
+    if (halEffect != NULL) {
+        return analyzeStatus("add_device_effect",
+                             mDevice->add_device_effect(
+                                     mDevice, static_cast<audio_port_handle_t>(device), halEffect));
+    } else {
+        ALOGW("%s Invalid effect ID passed from client: %" PRIu64 "", __func__, effectId);
+        return Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+    }
+}
+
+Return<Result> Device::removeDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) {
+    if (version() < AUDIO_DEVICE_API_VERSION_3_1 || mDevice->remove_device_effect == nullptr) {
+        return Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    }
+
+    effect_handle_t halEffect = EffectMap::getInstance().get(effectId);
+    if (halEffect != NULL) {
+        return analyzeStatus("remove_device_effect",
+                             mDevice->remove_device_effect(
+                                     mDevice, static_cast<audio_port_handle_t>(device), halEffect));
+    } else {
+        ALOGW("%s Invalid effect ID passed from client: %" PRIu64 "", __func__, effectId);
+        return Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
+    }
+}
+
+#endif
+
 }  // namespace implementation
 }  // namespace CPP_VERSION
 }  // namespace audio
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/PrimaryDevice.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/PrimaryDevice.cpp
index 99590b0..0f1aba0 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/PrimaryDevice.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/PrimaryDevice.cpp
@@ -31,7 +31,11 @@
 
 PrimaryDevice::PrimaryDevice(audio_hw_device_t* device) : mDevice(new Device(device)) {}
 
-PrimaryDevice::~PrimaryDevice() {}
+PrimaryDevice::~PrimaryDevice() {
+    // Do not call mDevice->close here. If there are any unclosed streams,
+    // they only hold IDevice instance, not IPrimaryDevice, thus IPrimaryDevice
+    // "part" of a device can be destroyed before the streams.
+}
 
 // Methods from ::android::hardware::audio::CPP_VERSION::IDevice follow.
 Return<Result> PrimaryDevice::initCheck() {
@@ -160,6 +164,19 @@
     return mDevice->setConnectedState(address, connected);
 }
 #endif
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+Return<Result> PrimaryDevice::close() {
+    return mDevice->close();
+}
+
+Return<Result> PrimaryDevice::addDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) {
+    return mDevice->addDeviceEffect(device, effectId);
+}
+
+Return<Result> PrimaryDevice::removeDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) {
+    return mDevice->removeDeviceEffect(device, effectId);
+}
+#endif
 
 // Methods from ::android::hardware::audio::CPP_VERSION::IPrimaryDevice follow.
 Return<Result> PrimaryDevice::setVoiceVolume(float volume) {
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp
index 5f24a5d..74e5945 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/Stream.cpp
@@ -26,9 +26,8 @@
 #include <android/log.h>
 #include <hardware/audio.h>
 #include <hardware/audio_effect.h>
+#include <media/AudioContainers.h>
 #include <media/TypeConverter.h>
-#include <utils/SortedVector.h>
-#include <utils/Vector.h>
 
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
@@ -100,11 +99,11 @@
     Result result =
         getParam(AudioParameter::keyStreamSupportedSamplingRates, &halListValue, context);
     hidl_vec<uint32_t> sampleRates;
-    SortedVector<uint32_t> halSampleRates;
+    SampleRateSet halSampleRates;
     if (result == Result::OK) {
         halSampleRates =
             samplingRatesFromString(halListValue.string(), AudioParameter::valueListSeparator);
-        sampleRates.setToExternal(halSampleRates.editArray(), halSampleRates.size());
+        sampleRates = hidl_vec<uint32_t>(halSampleRates.begin(), halSampleRates.end());
         // Legacy get_parameter does not return a status_t, thus can not advertise of failure.
         // Note that this method must succeed (non empty list) if the format is supported.
         if (sampleRates.size() == 0) {
@@ -126,13 +125,14 @@
     String8 halListValue;
     Result result = getParam(AudioParameter::keyStreamSupportedChannels, &halListValue, context);
     hidl_vec<AudioChannelBitfield> channelMasks;
-    SortedVector<audio_channel_mask_t> halChannelMasks;
+    ChannelMaskSet halChannelMasks;
     if (result == Result::OK) {
         halChannelMasks =
             channelMasksFromString(halListValue.string(), AudioParameter::valueListSeparator);
         channelMasks.resize(halChannelMasks.size());
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < halChannelMasks.size(); ++i) {
-            channelMasks[i] = AudioChannelBitfield(halChannelMasks[i]);
+        size_t i = 0;
+        for (auto channelMask : halChannelMasks) {
+            channelMasks[i++] = AudioChannelBitfield(channelMask);
         }
         // Legacy get_parameter does not return a status_t, thus can not advertise of failure.
         // Note that this method must succeed (non empty list) if the format is supported.
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@
     String8 halListValue;
     Result result = getParam(AudioParameter::keyStreamSupportedFormats, &halListValue);
     hidl_vec<AudioFormat> formats;
-    Vector<audio_format_t> halFormats;
+    FormatVector halFormats;
     if (result == Result::OK) {
         halFormats = formatsFromString(halListValue.string(), AudioParameter::valueListSeparator);
         formats.resize(halFormats.size());
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/StreamIn.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/StreamIn.cpp
index d316f83..f1152ca 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/StreamIn.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/StreamIn.cpp
@@ -139,8 +139,7 @@
 }  // namespace
 
 StreamIn::StreamIn(const sp<Device>& device, audio_stream_in_t* stream)
-    : mIsClosed(false),
-      mDevice(device),
+    : mDevice(device),
       mStream(stream),
       mStreamCommon(new Stream(&stream->common)),
       mStreamMmap(new StreamMmap<audio_stream_in_t>(stream)),
@@ -159,7 +158,9 @@
         status_t status = EventFlag::deleteEventFlag(&mEfGroup);
         ALOGE_IF(status, "read MQ event flag deletion error: %s", strerror(-status));
     }
+#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
     mDevice->closeInputStream(mStream);
+#endif
     mStream = nullptr;
 }
 
@@ -303,14 +304,16 @@
 }
 
 Return<Result> StreamIn::close() {
-    if (mIsClosed) return Result::INVALID_STATE;
-    mIsClosed = true;
-    if (mReadThread.get()) {
-        mStopReadThread.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+    if (mStopReadThread.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) {  // only this thread writes
+        return Result::INVALID_STATE;
     }
+    mStopReadThread.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
     if (mEfGroup) {
         mEfGroup->wake(static_cast<uint32_t>(MessageQueueFlagBits::NOT_FULL));
     }
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+    mDevice->closeInputStream(mStream);
+#endif
     return Result::OK;
 }
 
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/StreamOut.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/default/StreamOut.cpp
index 82cc408..1a2a764 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/StreamOut.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/StreamOut.cpp
@@ -138,8 +138,7 @@
 }  // namespace
 
 StreamOut::StreamOut(const sp<Device>& device, audio_stream_out_t* stream)
-    : mIsClosed(false),
-      mDevice(device),
+    : mDevice(device),
       mStream(stream),
       mStreamCommon(new Stream(&stream->common)),
       mStreamMmap(new StreamMmap<audio_stream_out_t>(stream)),
@@ -148,7 +147,7 @@
 
 StreamOut::~StreamOut() {
     ATRACE_CALL();
-    close();
+    (void)close();
     if (mWriteThread.get()) {
         ATRACE_NAME("mWriteThread->join");
         status_t status = mWriteThread->join();
@@ -159,10 +158,12 @@
         ALOGE_IF(status, "write MQ event flag deletion error: %s", strerror(-status));
     }
     mCallback.clear();
+#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
     mDevice->closeOutputStream(mStream);
     // Closing the output stream in the HAL waits for the callback to finish,
     // and joins the callback thread. Thus is it guaranteed that the callback
     // thread will not be accessing our object anymore.
+#endif
     mStream = nullptr;
 }
 
@@ -291,14 +292,16 @@
 #endif
 
 Return<Result> StreamOut::close() {
-    if (mIsClosed) return Result::INVALID_STATE;
-    mIsClosed = true;
-    if (mWriteThread.get()) {
-        mStopWriteThread.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+    if (mStopWriteThread.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) {  // only this thread writes
+        return Result::INVALID_STATE;
     }
+    mStopWriteThread.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
     if (mEfGroup) {
         mEfGroup->wake(static_cast<uint32_t>(MessageQueueFlagBits::NOT_EMPTY));
     }
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+    mDevice->closeOutputStream(mStream);
+#endif
     return Result::OK;
 }
 
@@ -315,7 +318,8 @@
         ALOGW("Can not set a stream output volume {%f, %f} outside [0,1]", left, right);
         return Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
     }
-    return Stream::analyzeStatus("set_volume", mStream->set_volume(mStream, left, right));
+    return Stream::analyzeStatus("set_volume", mStream->set_volume(mStream, left, right),
+                                 {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
 }
 
 Return<void> StreamOut::prepareForWriting(uint32_t frameSize, uint32_t framesCount,
@@ -400,7 +404,8 @@
 Return<void> StreamOut::getRenderPosition(getRenderPosition_cb _hidl_cb) {
     uint32_t halDspFrames;
     Result retval = Stream::analyzeStatus("get_render_position",
-                                          mStream->get_render_position(mStream, &halDspFrames));
+                                          mStream->get_render_position(mStream, &halDspFrames),
+                                          {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
     _hidl_cb(retval, halDspFrames);
     return Void();
 }
@@ -410,7 +415,8 @@
     int64_t timestampUs = 0;
     if (mStream->get_next_write_timestamp != NULL) {
         retval = Stream::analyzeStatus("get_next_write_timestamp",
-                                       mStream->get_next_write_timestamp(mStream, &timestampUs));
+                                       mStream->get_next_write_timestamp(mStream, &timestampUs),
+                                       {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
     }
     _hidl_cb(retval, timestampUs);
     return Void();
@@ -424,7 +430,7 @@
     if (result == 0) {
         mCallback = callback;
     }
-    return Stream::analyzeStatus("set_callback", result);
+    return Stream::analyzeStatus("set_callback", result, {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/);
 }
 
 Return<Result> StreamOut::clearCallback() {
@@ -470,13 +476,15 @@
 }
 
 Return<Result> StreamOut::pause() {
-    return mStream->pause != NULL ? Stream::analyzeStatus("pause", mStream->pause(mStream))
-                                  : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    return mStream->pause != NULL
+                   ? Stream::analyzeStatus("pause", mStream->pause(mStream), {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/)
+                   : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
 }
 
 Return<Result> StreamOut::resume() {
-    return mStream->resume != NULL ? Stream::analyzeStatus("resume", mStream->resume(mStream))
-                                   : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    return mStream->resume != NULL
+                   ? Stream::analyzeStatus("resume", mStream->resume(mStream), {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/)
+                   : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
 }
 
 Return<bool> StreamOut::supportsDrain() {
@@ -485,14 +493,17 @@
 
 Return<Result> StreamOut::drain(AudioDrain type) {
     return mStream->drain != NULL
-               ? Stream::analyzeStatus(
-                     "drain", mStream->drain(mStream, static_cast<audio_drain_type_t>(type)))
-               : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
+                   ? Stream::analyzeStatus(
+                             "drain",
+                             mStream->drain(mStream, static_cast<audio_drain_type_t>(type)),
+                             {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/)
+                   : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
 }
 
 Return<Result> StreamOut::flush() {
-    return mStream->flush != NULL ? Stream::analyzeStatus("flush", mStream->flush(mStream))
-                                  : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
+    return mStream->flush != NULL
+                   ? Stream::analyzeStatus("flush", mStream->flush(mStream), {ENOSYS} /*ignore*/)
+                   : Result::NOT_SUPPORTED;
 }
 
 // static
@@ -502,7 +513,7 @@
     // to return it sometimes. EAGAIN may be returned by A2DP audio HAL
     // implementation. ENODATA can also be reported while the writer is
     // continuously querying it, but the stream has been stopped.
-    static const std::vector<int> ignoredErrors{EINVAL, EAGAIN, ENODATA};
+    static const std::vector<int> ignoredErrors{EINVAL, EAGAIN, ENODATA, ENOSYS};
     Result retval(Result::NOT_SUPPORTED);
     if (stream->get_presentation_position == NULL) return retval;
     struct timespec halTimeStamp;
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/Device.h b/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/Device.h
index e64f00f..80a9638 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/Device.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/Device.h
@@ -114,7 +114,11 @@
     Return<void> getMicrophones(getMicrophones_cb _hidl_cb) override;
     Return<Result> setConnectedState(const DeviceAddress& address, bool connected) override;
 #endif
-
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+    Return<Result> close() override;
+    Return<Result> addDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) override;
+    Return<Result> removeDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) override;
+#endif
     Return<void> debug(const hidl_handle& fd, const hidl_vec<hidl_string>& options) override;
 
     // Utility methods for extending interfaces.
@@ -124,11 +128,15 @@
     void closeOutputStream(audio_stream_out_t* stream);
     audio_hw_device_t* device() const { return mDevice; }
 
-   private:
+  private:
+    bool mIsClosed;
     audio_hw_device_t* mDevice;
+    int mOpenedStreamsCount = 0;
 
     virtual ~Device();
 
+    Result doClose();
+
     // Methods from ParametersUtil.
     char* halGetParameters(const char* keys) override;
     int halSetParameters(const char* keysAndValues) override;
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/PrimaryDevice.h b/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/PrimaryDevice.h
index 9d69cb0..9fc90c3 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/PrimaryDevice.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/PrimaryDevice.h
@@ -96,6 +96,11 @@
     Return<void> getMicrophones(getMicrophones_cb _hidl_cb) override;
     Return<Result> setConnectedState(const DeviceAddress& address, bool connected) override;
 #endif
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+    Return<Result> close() override;
+    Return<Result> addDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) override;
+    Return<Result> removeDeviceEffect(AudioPortHandle device, uint64_t effectId) override;
+#endif
 
     Return<void> debug(const hidl_handle& fd, const hidl_vec<hidl_string>& options) override;
 
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/StreamIn.h b/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/StreamIn.h
index 6209b8f..24f9944 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/StreamIn.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/StreamIn.h
@@ -120,7 +120,6 @@
                                          uint64_t* time);
 
    private:
-    bool mIsClosed;
     const sp<Device> mDevice;
     audio_stream_in_t* mStream;
     const sp<Stream> mStreamCommon;
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/StreamOut.h b/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/StreamOut.h
index b098005..6334785 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/StreamOut.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/default/include/core/default/StreamOut.h
@@ -126,7 +126,6 @@
                                               TimeSpec* timeStamp);
 
    private:
-    bool mIsClosed;
     const sp<Device> mDevice;
     audio_stream_out_t* mStream;
     const sp<Stream> mStreamCommon;
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/4.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/4.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
index e267a5e..709b7cd 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/4.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/4.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
@@ -22,18 +22,16 @@
         GTEST_SKIP() << "No primary device on this factory";  // returns
     }
 
-    struct WaitExecutor {
-        ~WaitExecutor() { DeviceManager::waitForInstanceDestruction(); }
-    } waitExecutor;  // Make sure we wait for the device destruction on exiting from the test.
-    Result result;
-    sp<IDevice> baseDevice;
-    ASSERT_OK(getDevicesFactory()->openDevice("primary", returnIn(result, baseDevice)));
-    ASSERT_OK(result);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(baseDevice != nullptr);
-
-    Return<sp<IPrimaryDevice>> primaryDevice = IPrimaryDevice::castFrom(baseDevice);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(primaryDevice.isOk());
-    ASSERT_TRUE(sp<IPrimaryDevice>(primaryDevice) != nullptr);
+    {  // Scope for device SPs
+        sp<IDevice> baseDevice =
+                DeviceManager::getInstance().get(getFactoryName(), DeviceManager::kPrimaryDevice);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(baseDevice != nullptr);
+        Return<sp<IPrimaryDevice>> primaryDevice = IPrimaryDevice::castFrom(baseDevice);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(primaryDevice.isOk());
+        EXPECT_TRUE(sp<IPrimaryDevice>(primaryDevice) != nullptr);
+    }
+    EXPECT_TRUE(
+            DeviceManager::getInstance().reset(getFactoryName(), DeviceManager::kPrimaryDevice));
 }
 
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -54,7 +52,6 @@
         doc::test(
             "Make sure getMicrophones always succeeds"
             "and getActiveMicrophones always succeeds when recording from these microphones.");
-        AudioIoHandle ioHandle = (AudioIoHandle)AudioHandleConsts::AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE;
         AudioConfig config{};
         config.channelMask = mkEnumBitfield(AudioChannelMask::IN_MONO);
         config.sampleRateHz = 8000;
@@ -67,18 +64,14 @@
                 continue;
             }
             sp<IStreamIn> stream;
+            StreamHelper<IStreamIn> helper(stream);
             AudioConfig suggestedConfig{};
-            ASSERT_OK(getDevice()->openInputStream(ioHandle, microphone.deviceAddress, config,
-                                                   flags, initMetadata,
-                                                   returnIn(res, stream, suggestedConfig)));
-            if (res != Result::OK) {
-                ASSERT_TRUE(stream == nullptr);
-                AudioConfig suggestedConfigRetry{};
-                ASSERT_OK(getDevice()->openInputStream(
-                        ioHandle, microphone.deviceAddress, suggestedConfig, flags, initMetadata,
-                        returnIn(res, stream, suggestedConfigRetry)));
-            }
-            ASSERT_OK(res);
+            ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(helper.open(
+                    [&](AudioIoHandle handle, AudioConfig config, auto cb) {
+                        return getDevice()->openInputStream(handle, microphone.deviceAddress,
+                                                            config, flags, initMetadata, cb);
+                    },
+                    config, &res, &suggestedConfig));
             hidl_vec<MicrophoneInfo> activeMicrophones;
             Result readRes;
             typedef MessageQueue<IStreamIn::ReadParameters, kSynchronizedReadWrite> CommandMQ;
@@ -112,11 +105,8 @@
                 ASSERT_OK(res);
                 ASSERT_NE(0U, activeMicrophones.size());
             }
-            stream->close();
-            // Workaround for b/139329877. Ensures the stream gets closed on the audio hal side.
-            stream.clear();
-            IPCThreadState::self()->flushCommands();
-            usleep(1000);
+            helper.close(true /*clear*/, &res);
+            ASSERT_OK(res);
             if (efGroup) {
                 EventFlag::deleteEventFlag(&efGroup);
             }
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
index 30f8a7a..2afbbb8 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/6.0/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.cpp
@@ -83,7 +83,6 @@
                     for (auto& config : configs) {
                         // Some combinations of flags declared in the config file require special
                         // treatment.
-                        bool special = false;
                         if (flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_COMPRESS_OFFLOAD) {
                             config.offloadInfo.sampleRateHz = config.sampleRateHz;
                             config.offloadInfo.channelMask = config.channelMask;
@@ -94,21 +93,13 @@
                             config.offloadInfo.bitWidth = 16;
                             config.offloadInfo.bufferSize = 256;  // arbitrary value
                             config.offloadInfo.usage = AudioUsage::MEDIA;
-                            result.emplace_back(
-                                    device, config,
-                                    AudioOutputFlag(AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_COMPRESS_OFFLOAD));
-                            special = true;
-                        }
-                        if ((flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT) &&
-                            !(flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_HW_AV_SYNC)) {
                             result.emplace_back(device, config,
-                                                AudioOutputFlag(AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT));
-                            special = true;
-                        }
-                        if (flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_PRIMARY) {  // ignore the flag
-                            flags &= ~AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_PRIMARY;
-                        }
-                        if (!special) {
+                                                AudioOutputFlag(AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_COMPRESS_OFFLOAD |
+                                                                AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_DIRECT));
+                        } else {
+                            if (flags & AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_PRIMARY) {  // ignore the flag
+                                flags &= ~AUDIO_OUTPUT_FLAG_PRIMARY;
+                            }
                             result.emplace_back(device, config, AudioOutputFlag(flags));
                         }
                     }
@@ -144,3 +135,49 @@
     }();
     return parameters;
 }
+
+TEST_P(AudioHidlDeviceTest, CloseDeviceWithOpenedOutputStreams) {
+    doc::test("Verify that a device can't be closed if there are streams opened");
+    DeviceAddress address{.device = AudioDevice::OUT_DEFAULT};
+    AudioConfig config{};
+    auto flags = hidl_bitfield<AudioOutputFlag>(AudioOutputFlag::NONE);
+    SourceMetadata initMetadata = {{{AudioUsage::MEDIA, AudioContentType::MUSIC, 1 /* gain */}}};
+    sp<IStreamOut> stream;
+    StreamHelper<IStreamOut> helper(stream);
+    AudioConfig suggestedConfig{};
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(helper.open(
+            [&](AudioIoHandle handle, AudioConfig config, auto cb) {
+                return getDevice()->openOutputStream(handle, address, config, flags, initMetadata,
+                                                     cb);
+            },
+            config, &res, &suggestedConfig));
+    ASSERT_RESULT(Result::INVALID_STATE, getDevice()->close());
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(helper.close(true /*clear*/, &res));
+    ASSERT_OK(getDevice()->close());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(resetDevice());
+}
+
+TEST_P(AudioHidlDeviceTest, CloseDeviceWithOpenedInputStreams) {
+    doc::test("Verify that a device can't be closed if there are streams opened");
+    auto module = getCachedPolicyConfig().getModuleFromName(getDeviceName());
+    if (module->getInputProfiles().empty()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Device doesn't have input profiles";
+    }
+    DeviceAddress address{.device = AudioDevice::IN_DEFAULT};
+    AudioConfig config{};
+    auto flags = hidl_bitfield<AudioInputFlag>(AudioInputFlag::NONE);
+    SinkMetadata initMetadata = {{{.source = AudioSource::MIC, .gain = 1}}};
+    sp<IStreamIn> stream;
+    StreamHelper<IStreamIn> helper(stream);
+    AudioConfig suggestedConfig{};
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(helper.open(
+            [&](AudioIoHandle handle, AudioConfig config, auto cb) {
+                return getDevice()->openInputStream(handle, address, config, flags, initMetadata,
+                                                    cb);
+            },
+            config, &res, &suggestedConfig));
+    ASSERT_RESULT(Result::INVALID_STATE, getDevice()->close());
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(helper.close(true /*clear*/, &res));
+    ASSERT_OK(getDevice()->close());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(resetDevice());
+}
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 3286ecb..d3545c8 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
         "libxml2",
     ],
     shared_libs: [
+        "libaudiofoundation",
         "libfmq",
     ],
     header_libs: [
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=2",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=4",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=5",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -97,5 +98,15 @@
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=6",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
         "-include common/all-versions/VersionMacro.h",
-    ]
+    ],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest.xml",
+    data: [
+        ":audio_policy_configuration_V6_0",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h
index 468f9b2..d0d39e8 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/AudioPrimaryHidlHalTest.h
@@ -58,7 +58,6 @@
 
 #include "utility/AssertOk.h"
 #include "utility/Documentation.h"
-#include "utility/PrettyPrintAudioTypes.h"
 #include "utility/ReturnIn.h"
 #include "utility/ValidateXml.h"
 
@@ -719,12 +718,6 @@
                 ::testing::Values(AudioInputFlag::NONE)),
         &DeviceConfigParameterToString);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        SupportedInputBufferSize, RequiredInputBufferSizeTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(getDeviceParameters()),
-                           ::testing::ValuesIn(ConfigHelper::getSupportedCaptureAudioConfig()),
-                           ::testing::Values(AudioInputFlag::NONE)),
-        &DeviceConfigParameterToString);
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
         RecommendedCaptureAudioConfigSupport, OptionalInputBufferSizeTest,
         ::testing::Combine(
                 ::testing::ValuesIn(getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests()),
@@ -816,60 +809,84 @@
 ////////////////////////// open{Output,Input}Stream //////////////////////////
 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
+// This class is also used by some device tests.
 template <class Stream>
-class OpenStreamTest : public AudioHidlTestWithDeviceConfigParameter {
-  protected:
+class StreamHelper {
+  public:
+    // StreamHelper doesn't own the stream, this is for simpler stream lifetime management.
+    explicit StreamHelper(sp<Stream>& stream) : mStream(stream) {}
     template <class Open>
-    void testOpen(Open openStream, const AudioConfig& config) {
+    void open(Open openStream, const AudioConfig& config, Result* res,
+              AudioConfig* suggestedConfigPtr) {
         // FIXME: Open a stream without an IOHandle
         //        This is not required to be accepted by hal implementations
         AudioIoHandle ioHandle = (AudioIoHandle)AudioHandleConsts::AUDIO_IO_HANDLE_NONE;
         AudioConfig suggestedConfig{};
-        ASSERT_OK(openStream(ioHandle, config, returnIn(res, stream, suggestedConfig)));
-
-        // TODO: only allow failure for RecommendedPlaybackAudioConfig
-        switch (res) {
+        bool retryWithSuggestedConfig = true;
+        if (suggestedConfigPtr == nullptr) {
+            suggestedConfigPtr = &suggestedConfig;
+            retryWithSuggestedConfig = false;
+        }
+        ASSERT_OK(openStream(ioHandle, config, returnIn(*res, mStream, *suggestedConfigPtr)));
+        switch (*res) {
             case Result::OK:
-                ASSERT_TRUE(stream != nullptr);
-                audioConfig = config;
+                ASSERT_TRUE(mStream != nullptr);
+                *suggestedConfigPtr = config;
                 break;
             case Result::INVALID_ARGUMENTS:
-                ASSERT_TRUE(stream == nullptr);
-                AudioConfig suggestedConfigRetry;
-                // Could not open stream with config, try again with the
-                // suggested one
-                ASSERT_OK(openStream(ioHandle, suggestedConfig,
-                                     returnIn(res, stream, suggestedConfigRetry)));
-                // This time it must succeed
-                ASSERT_OK(res);
-                ASSERT_TRUE(stream != nullptr);
-                audioConfig = suggestedConfig;
+                ASSERT_TRUE(mStream == nullptr);
+                if (retryWithSuggestedConfig) {
+                    AudioConfig suggestedConfigRetry;
+                    ASSERT_OK(openStream(ioHandle, *suggestedConfigPtr,
+                                         returnIn(*res, mStream, suggestedConfigRetry)));
+                    ASSERT_OK(*res);
+                    ASSERT_TRUE(mStream != nullptr);
+                }
                 break;
             default:
-                FAIL() << "Invalid return status: " << ::testing::PrintToString(res);
+                FAIL() << "Invalid return status: " << ::testing::PrintToString(*res);
         }
+    }
+    void close(bool clear, Result* res) {
+        auto ret = mStream->close();
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        *res = ret;
+        if (clear) {
+            mStream.clear();
+#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
+            // FIXME: there is no way to know when the remote IStream is being destroyed
+            //        Binder does not support testing if an object is alive, thus
+            //        wait for 100ms to let the binder destruction propagates and
+            //        the remote device has the time to be destroyed.
+            //        flushCommand makes sure all local command are sent, thus should reduce
+            //        the latency between local and remote destruction.
+            IPCThreadState::self()->flushCommands();
+            usleep(100 * 1000);
+#endif
+        }
+    }
+
+  private:
+    sp<Stream>& mStream;
+};
+
+template <class Stream>
+class OpenStreamTest : public AudioHidlTestWithDeviceConfigParameter {
+  protected:
+    OpenStreamTest() : AudioHidlTestWithDeviceConfigParameter(), helper(stream) {}
+    template <class Open>
+    void testOpen(Open openStream, const AudioConfig& config) {
+        // TODO: only allow failure for RecommendedPlaybackAudioConfig
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(helper.open(openStream, config, &res, &audioConfig));
         open = true;
     }
 
-    Return<Result> closeStream() {
+    Result closeStream(bool clear = true) {
         open = false;
-        auto res = stream->close();
-        stream.clear();
-        waitForStreamDestruction();
+        helper.close(clear, &res);
         return res;
     }
 
-    static void waitForStreamDestruction() {
-        // FIXME: there is no way to know when the remote IStream is being destroyed
-        //        Binder does not support testing if an object is alive, thus
-        //        wait for 100ms to let the binder destruction propagates and
-        //        the remote device has the time to be destroyed.
-        //        flushCommand makes sure all local command are sent, thus should reduce
-        //        the latency between local and remote destruction.
-        IPCThreadState::self()->flushCommands();
-        usleep(100 * 1000);
-    }
-
   private:
     void TearDown() override {
         if (open) {
@@ -882,6 +899,7 @@
     AudioConfig audioConfig;
     DeviceAddress address = {};
     sp<Stream> stream;
+    StreamHelper<Stream> helper;
     bool open = false;
 };
 
@@ -930,12 +948,6 @@
                 ::testing::Values(AudioOutputFlag::NONE)),
         &DeviceConfigParameterToString);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        SupportedOutputStreamConfig, OutputStreamTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(getDeviceParameters()),
-                           ::testing::ValuesIn(ConfigHelper::getSupportedPlaybackAudioConfig()),
-                           ::testing::Values(AudioOutputFlag::NONE)),
-        &DeviceConfigParameterToString);
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
         RecommendedOutputStreamConfigSupport, OutputStreamTest,
         ::testing::Combine(
                 ::testing::ValuesIn(getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests()),
@@ -945,7 +957,7 @@
 #elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
 // For V6 and above test according to the audio policy manager configuration.
 // This is more correct as CDD is written from the apps perspective.
-// Audio system provides necessary format conversions for the missing configurations.
+// Audio system provides necessary format conversions for missing configurations.
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(DeclaredOutputStreamConfigSupport, OutputStreamTest,
                         ::testing::ValuesIn(getOutputDeviceConfigParameters()),
                         &DeviceConfigParameterToString);
@@ -991,12 +1003,6 @@
                 ::testing::Values(AudioInputFlag::NONE)),
         &DeviceConfigParameterToString);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        SupportedInputStreamConfig, InputStreamTest,
-        ::testing::Combine(::testing::ValuesIn(getDeviceParameters()),
-                           ::testing::ValuesIn(ConfigHelper::getSupportedCaptureAudioConfig()),
-                           ::testing::Values(AudioInputFlag::NONE)),
-        &DeviceConfigParameterToString);
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
         RecommendedInputStreamConfigSupport, InputStreamTest,
         ::testing::Combine(
                 ::testing::ValuesIn(getDeviceParametersForPrimaryDeviceTests()),
@@ -1006,7 +1012,7 @@
 #elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
 // For V6 and above test according to the audio policy manager configuration.
 // This is more correct as CDD is written from the apps perspective.
-// Audio system provides necessary format conversions for the missing configurations.
+// Audio system provides necessary format conversions for missing configurations.
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(DeclaredInputStreamConfigSupport, InputStreamTest,
                         ::testing::ValuesIn(getInputDeviceConfigParameters()),
                         &DeviceConfigParameterToString);
@@ -1195,26 +1201,21 @@
 TEST_IO_STREAM(close, "Make sure a stream can be closed", ASSERT_OK(closeStream()))
 // clang-format off
 TEST_IO_STREAM(closeTwice, "Make sure a stream can not be closed twice",
-        auto streamCopy = stream;
-        ASSERT_OK(closeStream());
-        ASSERT_RESULT(Result::INVALID_STATE, streamCopy->close());
-        streamCopy.clear();
-        waitForStreamDestruction())
+        ASSERT_OK(closeStream(false /*clear*/));
+        ASSERT_EQ(Result::INVALID_STATE, closeStream()))
 // clang-format on
 
-static void testCreateTooBigMmapBuffer(IStream* stream) {
-    MmapBufferInfo info;
-    Result res;
-    // Assume that int max is a value too big to be allocated
-    // This is true currently with a 32bit media server, but might not when it
-    // will run in 64 bit
-    auto minSizeFrames = std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max();
-    ASSERT_OK(stream->createMmapBuffer(minSizeFrames, returnIn(res, info)));
-    ASSERT_RESULT(invalidArgsOrNotSupported, res);
+static void testMmapBufferOfInvalidSize(IStream* stream) {
+    for (int32_t value : {-1, 0, std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max()}) {
+        MmapBufferInfo info;
+        Result res;
+        EXPECT_OK(stream->createMmapBuffer(value, returnIn(res, info)));
+        EXPECT_RESULT(invalidArgsOrNotSupported, res) << "value=" << value;
+    }
 }
 
-TEST_IO_STREAM(CreateTooBigMmapBuffer, "Create mmap buffer too big should fail",
-               testCreateTooBigMmapBuffer(stream.get()))
+TEST_IO_STREAM(CreateTooBigMmapBuffer, "Create mmap buffer of invalid size must fail",
+               testMmapBufferOfInvalidSize(stream.get()))
 
 static void testGetMmapPositionOfNonMmapedStream(IStream* stream) {
     Result res;
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/ConfigHelper.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/ConfigHelper.h
index 48aae8c..a2f4116 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/ConfigHelper.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/ConfigHelper.h
@@ -57,12 +57,6 @@
                                   {24000, 48000}, {AudioFormat::PCM_16_BIT});
     }
 
-    static const vector<AudioConfig> getSupportedPlaybackAudioConfig() {
-        // TODO: retrieve audio config supported by the platform
-        // as declared in the policy configuration
-        return {};
-    }
-
     static const vector<AudioConfig> getRequiredSupportCaptureAudioConfig() {
         if (!primaryHasMic()) return {};
         return combineAudioConfig({AudioChannelMask::IN_MONO}, {8000, 11025, 16000, 44100},
@@ -73,11 +67,6 @@
         return combineAudioConfig({AudioChannelMask::IN_STEREO}, {22050, 48000},
                                   {AudioFormat::PCM_16_BIT});
     }
-    static const vector<AudioConfig> getSupportedCaptureAudioConfig() {
-        // TODO: retrieve audio config supported by the platform
-        // as declared in the policy configuration
-        return {};
-    }
 
     static vector<AudioConfig> combineAudioConfig(vector<audio_channel_mask_t> channelMasks,
                                                   vector<uint32_t> sampleRates,
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/DeviceManager.h b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/DeviceManager.h
index b6e2db0..cb6584d 100644
--- a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/DeviceManager.h
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/DeviceManager.h
@@ -22,25 +22,33 @@
 template <class Derived, class Key, class Interface>
 class InterfaceManager {
   public:
+    sp<Interface> getExisting(const Key& name) {
+        auto existing = instances.find(name);
+        return existing != instances.end() ? existing->second : sp<Interface>();
+    }
+
     sp<Interface> get(const Key& name) {
         auto existing = instances.find(name);
         if (existing != instances.end()) return existing->second;
         auto [inserted, _] = instances.emplace(name, Derived::createInterfaceInstance(name));
         if (inserted->second) {
-            environment->registerTearDown([name]() { (void)Derived::getInstance().reset(name); });
+            environment->registerTearDown(
+                    [name]() { (void)Derived::getInstance().reset(name, false); });
         }
         return inserted->second;
     }
 
     // The test must check that reset was successful. Reset failure means that the test code
     // is holding a strong reference to the device.
-    bool reset(const Key& name) __attribute__((warn_unused_result)) {
+    bool reset(const Key& name, bool waitForDestruction) __attribute__((warn_unused_result)) {
         auto iter = instances.find(name);
         if (iter == instances.end()) return true;
         ::android::wp<Interface> weak = iter->second;
         instances.erase(iter);
         if (weak.promote() != nullptr) return false;
-        waitForInstanceDestruction();
+        if (waitForDestruction) {
+            waitForInstanceDestruction();
+        }
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -100,7 +108,19 @@
     }
     bool reset(const std::string& factoryName, const std::string& name)
             __attribute__((warn_unused_result)) {
-        return InterfaceManager::reset(std::make_tuple(factoryName, name));
+#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
+        return InterfaceManager::reset(std::make_tuple(factoryName, name), true);
+#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+        {
+            sp<IDevice> device = getExisting(std::make_tuple(factoryName, name));
+            if (device != nullptr) {
+                auto ret = device->close();
+                ALOGE_IF(!ret.isOk(), "Device %s::%s close failed: %s", factoryName.c_str(),
+                         name.c_str(), ret.description().c_str());
+            }
+        }
+        return InterfaceManager::reset(std::make_tuple(factoryName, name), false);
+#endif
     }
     bool resetPrimary(const std::string& factoryName) __attribute__((warn_unused_result)) {
         return reset(factoryName, kPrimaryDevice);
diff --git a/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..05edc0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/core/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push" value="audio_policy_configuration_V6_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_configuration_V6_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioV6_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/effect/2.0/xml/Android.bp b/audio/effect/2.0/xml/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..050425a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/2.0/xml/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_effects_conf_V2_0",
+    srcs: ["audio_effects_conf.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_effects_conf_V2_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_effects_conf_V2_0.xsd",
+}
diff --git a/audio/effect/4.0/xml/Android.bp b/audio/effect/4.0/xml/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..27ffd02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/4.0/xml/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_effects_conf_V4_0",
+    srcs: ["audio_effects_conf.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_effects_conf_V4_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_effects_conf_V4_0.xsd",
+}
diff --git a/audio/effect/5.0/xml/Android.bp b/audio/effect/5.0/xml/Android.bp
index eb2bcee..67b2f97 100644
--- a/audio/effect/5.0/xml/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/effect/5.0/xml/Android.bp
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 xsd_config {
     name: "audio_effects_conf_V5_0",
     srcs: ["audio_effects_conf.xsd"],
diff --git a/audio/effect/6.0/IEffect.hal b/audio/effect/6.0/IEffect.hal
index b35afee..f4c50a2 100644
--- a/audio/effect/6.0/IEffect.hal
+++ b/audio/effect/6.0/IEffect.hal
@@ -407,9 +407,12 @@
 
     /**
      * Called by the framework to deinitialize the effect and free up
-     * all the currently allocated resources. It is recommended to close
+     * all currently allocated resources. It is recommended to close
      * the effect on the client side as soon as it is becomes unused.
      *
+     * The client must ensure that this function is not called while
+     * audio data is being transferred through the effect's message queues.
+     *
      * @return retval OK in case the success.
      *                INVALID_STATE if the effect was already closed.
      */
diff --git a/audio/effect/6.0/IEffectsFactory.hal b/audio/effect/6.0/IEffectsFactory.hal
index e08b2de..4c37bad 100644
--- a/audio/effect/6.0/IEffectsFactory.hal
+++ b/audio/effect/6.0/IEffectsFactory.hal
@@ -48,11 +48,15 @@
      *                stream.
      * @param ioHandle identifies the output or input stream this effect is
      *                 directed to in audio HAL.
+     * @param device identifies the sink or source device this effect is directed to in the
+     *               audio HAL. Must be specified if session is AudioSessionConsts.DEVICE.
+     *               "device" is the AudioPortHandle used for the device when the audio
+     *               patch is created at the audio HAL.
      * @return retval operation completion status.
      * @return result the interface for the created effect.
      * @return effectId the unique ID of the effect to be used with
      *                  IStream::addEffect and IStream::removeEffect methods.
      */
-    createEffect(Uuid uid, AudioSession session, AudioIoHandle ioHandle)
+    createEffect(Uuid uid, AudioSession session, AudioIoHandle ioHandle, AudioPortHandle device)
         generates (Result retval, IEffect result, uint64_t effectId);
 };
diff --git a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/Android.bp b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/Android.bp
index 353686b..8d68672 100644
--- a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/Android.bp
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 xsd_config {
     name: "audio_effects_conf_V6_0",
     srcs: ["audio_effects_conf.xsd"],
diff --git a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/api/current.txt b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/api/current.txt
index 2021639..cd5ca2a 100644
--- a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/api/current.txt
+++ b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/api/current.txt
@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@
 
   public class AudioEffectsConf {
     ctor public AudioEffectsConf();
+    method public audio.effects.V6_0.AudioEffectsConf.DeviceEffects getDeviceEffects();
     method public audio.effects.V6_0.EffectsType getEffects();
     method public audio.effects.V6_0.LibrariesType getLibraries();
     method public audio.effects.V6_0.AudioEffectsConf.Postprocess getPostprocess();
     method public audio.effects.V6_0.AudioEffectsConf.Preprocess getPreprocess();
     method public audio.effects.V6_0.VersionType getVersion();
+    method public void setDeviceEffects(audio.effects.V6_0.AudioEffectsConf.DeviceEffects);
     method public void setEffects(audio.effects.V6_0.EffectsType);
     method public void setLibraries(audio.effects.V6_0.LibrariesType);
     method public void setPostprocess(audio.effects.V6_0.AudioEffectsConf.Postprocess);
@@ -15,6 +17,11 @@
     method public void setVersion(audio.effects.V6_0.VersionType);
   }
 
+  public static class AudioEffectsConf.DeviceEffects {
+    ctor public AudioEffectsConf.DeviceEffects();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceProcessType> getDevicePort();
+  }
+
   public static class AudioEffectsConf.Postprocess {
     ctor public AudioEffectsConf.Postprocess();
     method public java.util.List<audio.effects.V6_0.StreamPostprocessType> getStream();
@@ -25,6 +32,72 @@
     method public java.util.List<audio.effects.V6_0.StreamPreprocessType> getStream();
   }
 
+  public class DeviceProcessType extends audio.effects.V6_0.StreamProcessingType {
+    ctor public DeviceProcessType();
+    method public String getAddress();
+    method public audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType getType();
+    method public void setAddress(String);
+    method public void setType(audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType);
+  }
+
+  public enum DeviceType {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_AUX_DIGITAL;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BACK_MIC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_A2DP;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_BLE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_SCO_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUILTIN_MIC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_COMMUNICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_DGTL_DOCK_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_ECHO_REFERENCE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_FM_TUNER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_HDMI;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_HDMI_ARC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_IP;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_LINE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_LOOPBACK;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_PROXY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_SPDIF;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_TELEPHONY_RX;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_TV_TUNER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_USB_ACCESSORY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_USB_DEVICE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_USB_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_VOICE_CALL;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_WIRED_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_AUX_DIGITAL;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_AUX_LINE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP_HEADPHONES;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP_SPEAKER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO_CARKIT;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_EARPIECE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ECHO_CANCELLER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_FM;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI_ARC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HEARING_AID;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_LINE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_PROXY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPDIF;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_SAFE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_TELEPHONY_TX;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_ACCESSORY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_DEVICE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_WIRED_HEADPHONE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.DeviceType AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_WIRED_HEADSET;
+  }
+
   public class EffectImplType {
     ctor public EffectImplType();
     method public String getLibrary();
@@ -69,6 +142,8 @@
   public enum StreamInputType {
     method public String getRawName();
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamInputType camcorder;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamInputType echo_reference;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamInputType fm_tuner;
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamInputType mic;
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamInputType unprocessed;
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamInputType voice_call;
@@ -82,6 +157,7 @@
   public enum StreamOutputType {
     method public String getRawName();
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamOutputType alarm;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamOutputType assistant;
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamOutputType bluetooth_sco;
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamOutputType dtmf;
     enum_constant public static final audio.effects.V6_0.StreamOutputType enforced_audible;
diff --git a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd
deleted file mode 120000
index 9d85fa7..0000000
--- a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-../../2.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/audio/effect/6.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eeaaf63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/6.0/xml/audio_effects_conf.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,323 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2017 The Android Open Source Project
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
+           targetNamespace="http://schemas.android.com/audio/audio_effects_conf/v2_0"
+           xmlns:aec="http://schemas.android.com/audio/audio_effects_conf/v2_0"
+           elementFormDefault="qualified">
+  <!-- Simple types -->
+  <xs:simpleType name="versionType">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:decimal">
+      <xs:enumeration value="2.0"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+  <xs:simpleType name="uuidType">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:pattern value="[0-9A-Fa-f]{8}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{4}-[0-9A-Fa-f]{12}"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+  <xs:simpleType name="streamInputType">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:enumeration value="mic"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_uplink"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_downlink"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_call"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="camcorder"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_recognition"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_communication"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="unprocessed"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_performance"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="echo_reference"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="fm_tuner"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+  <xs:simpleType name="streamOutputType">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:enumeration value="voice_call"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="system"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="ring"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="music"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="alarm"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="notification"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="bluetooth_sco"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="enforced_audible"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="dtmf"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="tts"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="assistant"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+  <xs:simpleType name="relativePathType">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:pattern value="[^/].*"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+  <xs:simpleType name="deviceType">
+    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_EARPIECE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_WIRED_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_WIRED_HEADPHONE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_SCO_CARKIT"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP_HEADPHONES"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BLUETOOTH_A2DP_SPEAKER"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_AUX_DIGITAL"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_ACCESSORY"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_DEVICE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_REMOTE_SUBMIX"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_TELEPHONY_TX"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_LINE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI_ARC"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPDIF"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_FM"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_AUX_LINE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_SAFE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_IP"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_PROXY"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_USB_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_HEARING_AID"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_ECHO_CANCELLER"/>
+      <!-- Due to the xml format, IN types can not be a separated from OUT types -->
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_COMMUNICATION"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUILTIN_MIC"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_SCO_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_WIRED_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_AUX_DIGITAL"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_HDMI"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_VOICE_CALL"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_TELEPHONY_RX"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BACK_MIC"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_REMOTE_SUBMIX"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_DGTL_DOCK_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_USB_ACCESSORY"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_USB_DEVICE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_FM_TUNER"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_TV_TUNER"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_LINE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_SPDIF"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_A2DP"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_LOOPBACK"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_IP"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BUS"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_PROXY"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_USB_HEADSET"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_BLUETOOTH_BLE"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_HDMI_ARC"/>
+      <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_DEVICE_IN_ECHO_REFERENCE"/>
+    </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+  <!-- Complex types -->
+  <xs:complexType name="librariesType">
+    <xs:annotation>
+      <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+        List of effect libraries to load. Each library element must have "name" and
+        "path" attributes. The latter is giving the path of the library .so file
+        relative to the standard effect folders: /(vendor|odm|system)/lib(64)?/soundfx/
+        Example for a library in "/vendor/lib/soundfx/lib.so":
+        <library name="name" path="lib.so"/>
+      </xs:documentation>
+    </xs:annotation>
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="library" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+        <xs:complexType>
+          <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+          <xs:attribute name="path" type="aec:relativePathType" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+      </xs:element>
+    </xs:sequence>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="effectImplType">
+    <xs:attribute name="library" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+    <xs:attribute name="uuid" type="aec:uuidType" use="required"/>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="effectType">
+    <xs:complexContent>
+      <xs:extension base="aec:effectImplType">
+        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:complexContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="effectProxyType">
+    <xs:complexContent>
+      <xs:extension base="aec:effectType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+          <xs:element name="libsw" type="aec:effectImplType"/>
+          <xs:element name="libhw" type="aec:effectImplType"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:complexContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="effectsType">
+    <xs:annotation>
+      <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+        List of effects to load. Each effect element must contain "name",
+        "library", and "uuid" attrs. The value of the "library" attr must
+        correspond to the name of a "library" element. The name of the effect
+        element is indicative, only the value of the "uuid" element designates
+        the effect for the audio framework.  The uuid is the implementation
+        specific UUID as specified by the effect vendor. This is not the generic
+        effect type UUID.
+        For effect proxy implementations, SW and HW implemetations of the effect
+        can be specified.
+        Example:
+        <effect name="name" library="lib" uuid="uuuu"/>
+        <effectProxy name="proxied" library="proxy" uuid="xxxx">
+            <libsw library="sw_bundle" uuid="yyyy"/>
+            <libhw library="offload_bundle" uuid="zzzz"/>
+        </effectProxy>
+      </xs:documentation>
+    </xs:annotation>
+    <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
+      <xs:element name="effect" type="aec:effectType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+      <xs:element name="effectProxy" type="aec:effectProxyType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+    </xs:choice>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="streamProcessingType">
+    <xs:sequence>
+      <xs:element name="apply" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+        <xs:complexType>
+          <xs:attribute name="effect" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+      </xs:element>
+    </xs:sequence>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="streamPreprocessType">
+    <xs:annotation>
+      <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+        Audio preprocessing configuration. The processing configuration consists
+        of a list of elements each describing processing settings for a given
+        input stream. Valid input stream types are listed in "streamInputType".
+        Each stream element contains a list of "apply" elements. The value of the
+        "effect" attr must correspond to the name of an "effect" element.
+        Example:
+        <stream type="voice_communication">
+            <apply effect="effect1"/>
+            <apply effect="effect2"/>
+        </stream>
+      </xs:documentation>
+    </xs:annotation>
+    <xs:complexContent>
+      <xs:extension base="aec:streamProcessingType">
+        <xs:attribute name="type" type="aec:streamInputType" use="required"/>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:complexContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="streamPostprocessType">
+    <xs:annotation>
+      <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+        Audio postprocessing configuration. The processing configuration consists
+        of a list of elements each describing processing settings for a given
+        output stream. Valid output stream types are listed in "streamOutputType".
+        Each stream element contains a list of "apply" elements. The value of the
+        "effect" attr must correspond to the name of an "effect" element.
+        Example:
+        <stream type="music">
+            <apply effect="effect1"/>
+        </stream>
+      </xs:documentation>
+    </xs:annotation>
+    <xs:complexContent>
+      <xs:extension base="aec:streamProcessingType">
+        <xs:attribute name="type" type="aec:streamOutputType" use="required"/>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:complexContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <xs:complexType name="deviceProcessType">
+    <xs:annotation>
+      <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+        Audio Device Effects configuration. The processing configuration consists
+        of a list of effects to be automatically added on a device Port when involved in an audio
+        patch.
+        Valid device type are listed in "deviceType" and shall be aligned.
+        Each stream element contains a list of "apply" elements. The value of the
+        "effect" attr must correspond to the name of an "effect" element.
+        Note that if the device is involved in a hardware patch, the effect must be hardware
+        accelerated.
+        Example:
+        <devicePort address="BUS00_USAGE_MAIN" type="AUDIO_DEVICE_OUT_BUS">
+            <apply effect="equalizer"/>
+            <apply effect="effect2"/>
+        </devicePort>
+      </xs:documentation>
+    </xs:annotation>
+    <xs:complexContent>
+      <xs:extension base="aec:streamProcessingType">
+         <xs:attribute name="address" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+         <xs:attribute name="type" type="aec:deviceType" use="required"/>
+      </xs:extension>
+    </xs:complexContent>
+  </xs:complexType>
+  <!-- Root element -->
+  <xs:element name="audio_effects_conf">
+    <xs:complexType>
+      <xs:sequence>
+        <xs:element name="libraries" type="aec:librariesType"/>
+        <xs:element name="effects" type="aec:effectsType"/>
+        <xs:element name="postprocess" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1">
+          <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+              <xs:element name="stream" type="aec:streamPostprocessType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+          </xs:complexType>
+        </xs:element>
+        <xs:element name="preprocess" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1">
+          <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+              <xs:element name="stream" type="aec:streamPreprocessType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+          </xs:complexType>
+        </xs:element>
+        <xs:element name="deviceEffects" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1">
+          <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+              <xs:element name="devicePort" type="aec:deviceProcessType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+          </xs:complexType>
+        </xs:element>
+      </xs:sequence>
+      <xs:attribute name="version" type="aec:versionType" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <!-- Keys and references -->
+    <xs:key name="libraryName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:libraries/aec:library"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+    </xs:key>
+    <xs:keyref name="libraryNameRef1" refer="aec:libraryName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:effects/aec:effect"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@library"/>
+    </xs:keyref>
+    <xs:keyref name="libraryNameRef2" refer="aec:libraryName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:effects/aec:effect/aec:libsw"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@library"/>
+    </xs:keyref>
+    <xs:keyref name="libraryNameRef3" refer="aec:libraryName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:effects/aec:effect/aec:libhw"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@library"/>
+    </xs:keyref>
+    <xs:key name="effectName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:effects/aec:effect|aec:effects/aec:effectProxy"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+    </xs:key>
+    <xs:keyref name="effectNamePreRef" refer="aec:effectName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:preprocess/aec:stream/aec:apply"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@effect"/>
+    </xs:keyref>
+    <xs:keyref name="effectNamePostRef" refer="aec:effectName">
+      <xs:selector xpath="aec:postprocess/aec:stream/aec:apply"/>
+      <xs:field xpath="@effect"/>
+    </xs:keyref>
+  </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.cpp b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.cpp
index 3c0d878..33ec996 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.cpp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.cpp
@@ -138,11 +138,11 @@
 const char* Effect::sContextCallFunction = sContextCallToCommand;
 
 Effect::Effect(effect_handle_t handle)
-    : mIsClosed(false), mHandle(handle), mEfGroup(nullptr), mStopProcessThread(false) {}
+    : mHandle(handle), mEfGroup(nullptr), mStopProcessThread(false) {}
 
 Effect::~Effect() {
     ATRACE_CALL();
-    close();
+    (void)close();
     if (mProcessThread.get()) {
         ATRACE_NAME("mProcessThread->join");
         status_t status = mProcessThread->join();
@@ -154,8 +154,10 @@
     }
     mInBuffer.clear();
     mOutBuffer.clear();
+#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
     int status = EffectRelease(mHandle);
     ALOGW_IF(status, "Error releasing effect %p: %s", mHandle, strerror(-status));
+#endif
     EffectMap::getInstance().remove(mHandle);
     mHandle = 0;
 }
@@ -699,15 +701,23 @@
 }
 
 Return<Result> Effect::close() {
-    if (mIsClosed) return Result::INVALID_STATE;
-    mIsClosed = true;
-    if (mProcessThread.get()) {
-        mStopProcessThread.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+    if (mStopProcessThread.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) {  // only this thread modifies
+        return Result::INVALID_STATE;
     }
+    mStopProcessThread.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
     if (mEfGroup) {
         mEfGroup->wake(static_cast<uint32_t>(MessageQueueFlagBits::REQUEST_QUIT));
     }
+#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
     return Result::OK;
+#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+    // No need to join the processing thread, it is part of the API contract that the client
+    // must finish processing before closing the effect.
+    Result retval =
+            analyzeStatus("EffectRelease", "", sContextCallFunction, EffectRelease(mHandle));
+    EffectMap::getInstance().remove(mHandle);
+    return retval;
+#endif
 }
 
 Return<void> Effect::debug(const hidl_handle& fd, const hidl_vec<hidl_string>& /* options */) {
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.h b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.h
index 3d99a0e..181e542 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.h
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/Effect.h
@@ -170,7 +170,6 @@
     static const char* sContextCallToCommand;
     static const char* sContextCallFunction;
 
-    bool mIsClosed;
     effect_handle_t mHandle;
     sp<AudioBufferWrapper> mInBuffer;
     sp<AudioBufferWrapper> mOutBuffer;
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.cpp b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.cpp
index 6283e7b..acce7de 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.cpp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.cpp
@@ -133,9 +133,9 @@
     return Void();
 }
 
-Return<void> EffectsFactory::getDescriptor(const Uuid& uid, getDescriptor_cb _hidl_cb) {
+Return<void> EffectsFactory::getDescriptor(const Uuid& uuid, getDescriptor_cb _hidl_cb) {
     effect_uuid_t halUuid;
-    HidlUtils::uuidToHal(uid, &halUuid);
+    HidlUtils::uuidToHal(uuid, &halUuid);
     effect_descriptor_t halDescriptor;
     status_t status = EffectGetDescriptor(&halUuid, &halDescriptor);
     EffectDescriptor descriptor;
@@ -154,13 +154,31 @@
     return Void();
 }
 
-Return<void> EffectsFactory::createEffect(const Uuid& uid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
-                                          createEffect_cb _hidl_cb) {
+#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
+Return<void> EffectsFactory::createEffect(const Uuid& uuid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
+                                          EffectsFactory::createEffect_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    return createEffectImpl(uuid, session, ioHandle, AUDIO_PORT_HANDLE_NONE, _hidl_cb);
+}
+#else
+Return<void> EffectsFactory::createEffect(const Uuid& uuid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
+                                          int32_t device,
+                                          EffectsFactory::createEffect_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    return createEffectImpl(uuid, session, ioHandle, device, _hidl_cb);
+}
+#endif
+
+Return<void> EffectsFactory::createEffectImpl(const Uuid& uuid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
+                                              int32_t device, createEffect_cb _hidl_cb) {
     effect_uuid_t halUuid;
-    HidlUtils::uuidToHal(uid, &halUuid);
+    HidlUtils::uuidToHal(uuid, &halUuid);
     effect_handle_t handle;
     Result retval(Result::OK);
-    status_t status = EffectCreate(&halUuid, session, ioHandle, &handle);
+    status_t status;
+    if (session == AUDIO_SESSION_DEVICE) {
+        status = EffectCreateOnDevice(&halUuid, device, ioHandle, &handle);
+    } else {
+        status = EffectCreate(&halUuid, session, ioHandle, &handle);
+    }
     sp<IEffect> effect;
     uint64_t effectId = EffectMap::INVALID_ID;
     if (status == OK) {
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.h b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.h
index f0d09ec..0b86836 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.h
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/default/EffectsFactory.h
@@ -47,9 +47,15 @@
 struct EffectsFactory : public IEffectsFactory {
     // Methods from ::android::hardware::audio::effect::CPP_VERSION::IEffectsFactory follow.
     Return<void> getAllDescriptors(getAllDescriptors_cb _hidl_cb) override;
-    Return<void> getDescriptor(const Uuid& uid, getDescriptor_cb _hidl_cb) override;
-    Return<void> createEffect(const Uuid& uid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
+    Return<void> getDescriptor(const Uuid& uuid, getDescriptor_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
+    Return<void> createEffect(const Uuid& uuid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
                               createEffect_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+#else
+    Return<void> createEffect(const Uuid& uuid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle, int32_t device,
+                              createEffect_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+#endif
+
     Return<void> debugDump(
         const hidl_handle& fd);  //< in CPP_VERSION::IEffectsFactory only, alias of debug
     Return<void> debug(const hidl_handle& fd, const hidl_vec<hidl_string>& options) override;
@@ -57,6 +63,8 @@
    private:
     static sp<IEffect> dispatchEffectInstanceCreation(const effect_descriptor_t& halDescriptor,
                                                       effect_handle_t handle);
+    Return<void> createEffectImpl(const Uuid& uuid, int32_t session, int32_t ioHandle,
+                                  int32_t device, createEffect_cb _hidl_cb);
 };
 
 extern "C" IEffectsFactory* HIDL_FETCH_IEffectsFactory(const char* name);
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
index edc9076..4ab572e 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -31,16 +31,22 @@
     header_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common.util@all-versions",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest_default"],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest.xml",
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common@2.0",
         "android.hardware.audio.effect@2.0",
     ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_effects_conf_V2_0",
+    ],
     cflags: [
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=2",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
@@ -51,10 +57,16 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest_default"],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest.xml",
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common@4.0",
         "android.hardware.audio.effect@4.0",
     ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_effects_conf_V4_0",
+    ],
     cflags: [
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=4",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
@@ -65,10 +77,16 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest_default"],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest.xml",
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common@5.0",
         "android.hardware.audio.effect@5.0",
     ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_effects_conf_V5_0",
+    ],
     cflags: [
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=5",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
@@ -79,10 +97,16 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest_default"],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest.xml",
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.audio.common@6.0",
         "android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0",
     ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_effects_conf_V6_0",
+    ],
     cflags: [
         "-DMAJOR_VERSION=6",
         "-DMINOR_VERSION=0",
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
index 3c712b5..390d4ee 100644
--- a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectTargetTest.cpp
@@ -28,14 +28,9 @@
 
 #include <common/all-versions/VersionUtils.h>
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
-#endif
 
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_handle;
@@ -55,45 +50,12 @@
 #define ARRAY_SIZE(a) (sizeof(a) / sizeof(*(a)))
 #endif
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-// For HAL versions 2..5 Vts Environment and Test base classes are used.
-// The tests are non-parametrized.
-#define EFFECT_TEST TEST_F
-
-// Test environment for Audio Effects Factory HIDL HAL.
-class AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment* instance =
-            new AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IEffectsFactory>(); }
-};
-
-// The main test class for Audio Effects Factory HIDL HAL.
-class AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
-    void SetUp() override {
-        effectsFactory = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IEffectsFactory>(
-            AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IEffectsFactory>());
-        ASSERT_NE(effectsFactory, nullptr);
-    }
-
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
-// For HAL version 6 and above, standard GTest Environment and Test base classes are used.
-// The tests are parametrized by the IEffectsFactory instance name.
-#define EFFECT_TEST TEST_P
-
 class AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
     void SetUp() override {
         effectsFactory = IEffectsFactory::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(effectsFactory, nullptr);
     }
-#endif  // The rest of the AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest class definition is the same.
     void TearDown() override { effectsFactory.clear(); }
 
    protected:
@@ -104,7 +66,7 @@
     sp<IEffectsFactory> effectsFactory;
 };
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, EnumerateEffects) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, EnumerateEffects) {
     description("Verify that EnumerateEffects returns at least one effect");
     Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
     size_t effectCount = 0;
@@ -118,7 +80,7 @@
     EXPECT_GT(effectCount, 0u);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, CreateEffect) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, CreateEffect) {
     description("Verify that an effect can be created via CreateEffect");
     bool gotEffect = false;
     Uuid effectUuid;
@@ -134,19 +96,22 @@
     Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
     sp<IEffect> effect;
     ret = effectsFactory->createEffect(
-        effectUuid, 1 /*session*/, 1 /*ioHandle*/,
-        [&](Result r, const sp<IEffect>& result, uint64_t /*effectId*/) {
-            retval = r;
-            if (r == Result::OK) {
-                effect = result;
-            }
-        });
+            effectUuid, 1 /*session*/, 1 /*ioHandle*/,
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+            0 /*device*/,
+#endif
+            [&](Result r, const sp<IEffect>& result, uint64_t /*effectId*/) {
+                retval = r;
+                if (r == Result::OK) {
+                    effect = result;
+                }
+            });
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
     EXPECT_NE(nullptr, effect.get());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, GetDescriptor) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, GetDescriptor) {
     description(
         "Verify that effects factory can provide an effect descriptor via "
         "GetDescriptor");
@@ -169,7 +134,7 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, DebugDumpInvalidArgument) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest, DebugDumpInvalidArgument) {
     description("Verify that debugDump doesn't crash on invalid arguments");
 #if MAJOR_VERSION == 2
     Return<void> ret = effectsFactory->debugDump(hidl_handle());
@@ -191,17 +156,10 @@
     std::array<uint8_t, 6>{{0x11, 0x26, 0x0e, 0xb6, 0x3c, 0xf1}}};
 
 // The main test class for Audio Effect HIDL HAL.
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-class AudioEffectHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
-    void SetUp() override {
-        effectsFactory = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IEffectsFactory>();
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
 class AudioEffectHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
     void SetUp() override {
         effectsFactory = IEffectsFactory::getService(GetParam());
-#endif
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, effectsFactory.get());
 
         findAndCreateEffect(getEffectType());
@@ -236,12 +194,15 @@
     Uuid effectUuid;
     findEffectInstance(type, &effectUuid);
     Return<void> ret = effectsFactory->createEffect(
-        effectUuid, 1 /*session*/, 1 /*ioHandle*/,
-        [&](Result r, const sp<IEffect>& result, uint64_t /*effectId*/) {
-            if (r == Result::OK) {
-                effect = result;
-            }
-        });
+            effectUuid, 1 /*session*/, 1 /*ioHandle*/,
+#if MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
+            0 /*device*/,
+#endif
+            [&](Result r, const sp<IEffect>& result, uint64_t /*effectId*/) {
+                if (r == Result::OK) {
+                    effect = result;
+                }
+            });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
@@ -280,14 +241,14 @@
         static_cast<audio_channel_mask_t>(currentConfig.outputCfg.channels));
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, Close) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, Close) {
     description("Verify that an effect can be closed");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->close();
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetDescriptor) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetDescriptor) {
     description("Verify that an effect can return its own descriptor via GetDescriptor");
     Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
     Uuid actualType;
@@ -302,7 +263,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(getEffectType(), actualType);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetConfig) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetConfig) {
     description(
         "Verify that it is possible to manipulate effect config via Get / "
         "SetConfig");
@@ -321,26 +282,26 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret2);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetConfigReverse) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetConfigReverse) {
     description("Verify that GetConfigReverse does not crash");
     Return<void> ret = effect->getConfigReverse([&](Result, const EffectConfig&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSupportedAuxChannelsConfigs) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSupportedAuxChannelsConfigs) {
     description("Verify that GetSupportedAuxChannelsConfigs does not crash");
     Return<void> ret = effect->getSupportedAuxChannelsConfigs(
         0, [&](Result, const hidl_vec<EffectAuxChannelsConfig>&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetAuxChannelsConfig) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetAuxChannelsConfig) {
     description("Verify that GetAuxChannelsConfig does not crash");
     Return<void> ret = effect->getAuxChannelsConfig([&](Result, const EffectAuxChannelsConfig&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAuxChannelsConfig) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAuxChannelsConfig) {
     description("Verify that SetAuxChannelsConfig does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setAuxChannelsConfig(EffectAuxChannelsConfig());
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -379,7 +340,7 @@
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, Reset) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, Reset) {
     description("Verify that Reset preserves effect configuration");
     Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
     EffectConfig originalConfig;
@@ -404,7 +365,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(originalConfig, configAfterReset);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, DisableEnableDisable) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, DisableEnableDisable) {
     description("Verify Disable -> Enable -> Disable sequence for an effect");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->disable();
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -417,14 +378,14 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetDevice) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetDevice) {
     description("Verify that SetDevice works for an output chain effect");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setDevice(mkEnumBitfield(AudioDevice::OUT_SPEAKER));
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAndGetVolume) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAndGetVolume) {
     description("Verify that SetAndGetVolume method works for an effect");
     uint32_t channelCount;
     getChannelCount(&channelCount);
@@ -440,7 +401,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, VolumeChangeNotification) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, VolumeChangeNotification) {
     description("Verify that effect accepts VolumeChangeNotification");
     uint32_t channelCount;
     getChannelCount(&channelCount);
@@ -454,32 +415,32 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAudioMode) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAudioMode) {
     description("Verify that SetAudioMode works for an effect");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setAudioMode(AudioMode::NORMAL);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetConfigReverse) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetConfigReverse) {
     description("Verify that SetConfigReverse does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setConfigReverse(EffectConfig(), nullptr, nullptr);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetInputDevice) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetInputDevice) {
     description("Verify that SetInputDevice does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setInputDevice(mkEnumBitfield(AudioDevice::IN_BUILTIN_MIC));
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAudioSource) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetAudioSource) {
     description("Verify that SetAudioSource does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setAudioSource(AudioSource::MIC);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, Offload) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, Offload) {
     description("Verify that calling Offload method does not crash");
     EffectOffloadParameter offloadParam;
     offloadParam.isOffload = false;
@@ -488,7 +449,7 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, PrepareForProcessing) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, PrepareForProcessing) {
     description("Verify that PrepareForProcessing method works for an effect");
     Result retval = Result::NOT_INITIALIZED;
     Return<void> ret = effect->prepareForProcessing(
@@ -497,7 +458,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetProcessBuffers) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetProcessBuffers) {
     description("Verify that SetProcessBuffers works for an effect");
     sp<IAllocator> ashmem = IAllocator::getService("ashmem");
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, ashmem.get());
@@ -516,41 +477,41 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, ret2);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, Command) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, Command) {
     description("Verify that Command does not crash");
     Return<void> ret =
         effect->command(0, hidl_vec<uint8_t>(), 0, [&](int32_t, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetParameter) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetParameter) {
     description("Verify that SetParameter does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setParameter(hidl_vec<uint8_t>(), hidl_vec<uint8_t>());
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetParameter) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetParameter) {
     description("Verify that GetParameter does not crash");
     Return<void> ret =
         effect->getParameter(hidl_vec<uint8_t>(), 0, [&](Result, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSupportedConfigsForFeature) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetSupportedConfigsForFeature) {
     description("Verify that GetSupportedConfigsForFeature does not crash");
     Return<void> ret = effect->getSupportedConfigsForFeature(
         0, 0, 0, [&](Result, uint32_t, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetCurrentConfigForFeature) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, GetCurrentConfigForFeature) {
     description("Verify that GetCurrentConfigForFeature does not crash");
     Return<void> ret =
         effect->getCurrentConfigForFeature(0, 0, [&](Result, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {});
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetCurrentConfigForFeature) {
+TEST_P(AudioEffectHidlTest, SetCurrentConfigForFeature) {
     description("Verify that SetCurrentConfigForFeature does not crash");
     Return<Result> ret = effect->setCurrentConfigForFeature(0, hidl_vec<uint8_t>());
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -636,21 +597,21 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, retval);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetNumBands) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetNumBands) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect reports at least one band");
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
     getNumBands(&numBands);
     EXPECT_GT(numBands, 0);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetLevelRange) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetLevelRange) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect reports adequate band level range");
     int16_t minLevel = 0x7fff, maxLevel = 0;
     getLevelRange(&minLevel, &maxLevel);
     EXPECT_GT(maxLevel, minLevel);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetBandLevel) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetBandLevel) {
     description("Verify that manipulating band levels works for Equalizer effect");
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
     getNumBands(&numBands);
@@ -679,7 +640,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetBandCenterFrequencyAndRange) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetBandCenterFrequencyAndRange) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect reports adequate band frequency range");
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
     getNumBands(&numBands);
@@ -694,7 +655,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetBandForFrequency) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetBandForFrequency) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect supports GetBandForFrequency correctly");
     uint16_t numBands = 0;
     getNumBands(&numBands);
@@ -723,14 +684,14 @@
     }
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetPresetNames) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetPresetNames) {
     description("Verify that Equalizer effect reports at least one preset");
     size_t presetCount;
     getPresetCount(&presetCount);
     EXPECT_GT(presetCount, 0u);
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetCurrentPreset) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetCurrentPreset) {
     description("Verify that manipulating the current preset for Equalizer effect");
     size_t presetCount;
     getPresetCount(&presetCount);
@@ -753,7 +714,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-EFFECT_TEST(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetAllProperties) {
+TEST_P(EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetAllProperties) {
     description(
         "Verify that setting band levels and presets works via Get / "
         "SetAllProperties for Equalizer effect");
@@ -817,7 +778,7 @@
     sp<ILoudnessEnhancerEffect> enhancer;
 };
 
-EFFECT_TEST(LoudnessEnhancerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetTargetGain) {
+TEST_P(LoudnessEnhancerAudioEffectHidlTest, GetSetTargetGain) {
     description(
         "Verify that manipulating the target gain works for Loudness Enhancer "
         "effect");
@@ -838,21 +799,15 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(gain, actualGain);
 }
 
-#if MAJOR_VERSION <= 5
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    AudioEffectsFactoryHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
-#elif MAJOR_VERSION >= 6
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         EffectsFactory, AudioEffectsFactoryHidlTest,
         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        Equalizer, AudioEffectHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
         Equalizer, EqualizerAudioEffectHidlTest,
         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
@@ -860,4 +815,3 @@
         LoudnessEnhancer, LoudnessEnhancerAudioEffectHidlTest,
         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IEffectsFactory::descriptor)),
         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
-#endif
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6e720b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push" value="audio_effects_conf_V2_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_effects_conf_V2_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV2_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df826c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push" value="audio_effects_conf_V4_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_effects_conf_V4_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV4_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..14bdf43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push" value="audio_effects_conf_V5_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_effects_conf_V5_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV5_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..23adad0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/effect/all-versions/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="run-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 1"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="setprop vts.native_server.on 0"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="push" value="audio_effects_conf_V6_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_effects_conf_V6_0.xsd" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioEffectV6_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/vts/OWNERS b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24071af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+elaurent@google.com
+mnaganov@google.com
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b50e501
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest",
+    defaults: ["vts_target_tests_defaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "ValidateEngineConfiguration.cpp",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libxml2",
+        "liblog",
+        "libmedia_helper",
+        "libaudiopolicyengine_config",
+        "libaudiopolicycomponents",
+        "libaudiopolicyengineconfigurable_pfwwrapper",
+        "android.hardware.audio.common.test.utility",
+        "libparameter",
+        "libpfw_utility",
+        "libremote-processor",
+        "libutils",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "liblog",
+        "libbase",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libaudiofoundation",
+    ],
+    // Use test_config for vts-core suite.
+    // TODO(b/146104851): Add auto-gen rules and remove it.
+    test_config: "VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest.xml",
+    cflags: [
+        "-DXSD_DIR=\"/data/local/tmp\"",
+        "-DXSD_PFW_DIR=\"/data/local/tmp/Schemas\"",
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Werror",
+        "-Wno-unused-function",
+        "-O0",
+        "-g",
+    ],
+    data: [
+        ":audio_policy_engine_conf_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentLibrary_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentTypeSet_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomain_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomains_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_FileIncluder_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Parameter_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterFrameworkConfiguration_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterSettings_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Subsystem_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_SystemClass_V1_0",
+        ":audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_W3cXmlAttributes_V1_0",
+    ],
+    gtest: true,
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateEngineConfiguration.cpp b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateEngineConfiguration.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0aaa6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/ValidateEngineConfiguration.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <EngineConfig.h>
+#include <ParameterManagerWrapper.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string>
+#include "utility/ValidateXml.h"
+
+static const std::vector<const char*> locations = {"/odm/etc", "/vendor/etc", "/system/etc"};
+static const std::string config = "audio_policy_engine_configuration.xml";
+static const std::string schema =
+        std::string(XSD_DIR) + "/audio_policy_engine_configuration_V1_0.xsd";
+
+static const std::string configurableSchemas =
+        std::string(XSD_DIR) + "/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_V1_0.xsd";
+static const std::string configurableConfig =
+        "parameter-framework/ParameterFrameworkConfigurationPolicy.xml";
+
+/**
+ * @brief TEST to ensure the audio policy engine configuration file is validating schemas.
+ * Note: this configuration file is not mandatory, an hardcoded fallback is provided, so
+ * it does not fail if not found.
+ */
+TEST(ValidateConfiguration, audioPolicyEngineConfiguration) {
+    RecordProperty("description",
+                   "Verify that the audio policy engine configuration file "
+                   "is valid according to the schemas");
+    EXPECT_VALID_XML_MULTIPLE_LOCATIONS(config.c_str(), locations, schema.c_str());
+}
+
+/**
+ * @brief deviceUsesConfigurableEngine checks if the configuration file for
+ * the engine presents on the device AND
+ * for the configurable engine (aka Parameter-Framework top configuration file) presents.
+ */
+static bool deviceUsesConfigurableEngine() {
+    return android::hardware::audio::common::test::utility::validateXmlMultipleLocations<true>(
+                   "", "", "", config.c_str(), locations, schema.c_str()) &&
+           android::hardware::audio::common::test::utility::validateXmlMultipleLocations<true>(
+                   "", "", "", configurableConfig.c_str(), locations, configurableSchemas.c_str());
+}
+
+TEST(ValidateConfiguration, audioPolicyEngineConfigurable) {
+    if (!deviceUsesConfigurableEngine()) {
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "Device using legacy engine without parameter-framework, n-op.";
+    }
+    RecordProperty("description",
+                   "Verify that the audio policy engine PFW configuration files "
+                   "are valid according to the schemas");
+
+    auto testAudioPolicyEnginePfw = [&](bool validateSchema, const std::string& schemasUri) {
+        auto result = android::engineConfig::parse();
+
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, result.parsedConfig)
+                << "failed to parse audio policy engine configuration";
+
+        ASSERT_EQ(result.nbSkippedElement, 0) << "skipped %zu elements " << result.nbSkippedElement;
+
+        std::unique_ptr<android::audio_policy::ParameterManagerWrapper> policyParameterMgr(
+                new android::audio_policy::ParameterManagerWrapper(validateSchema, schemasUri));
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, policyParameterMgr) << "failed to create Audio Policy Engine PFW";
+
+        // Load the criterion types and criteria
+        for (auto& criterion : result.parsedConfig->criteria) {
+            android::engineConfig::CriterionType criterionType;
+            for (auto& configCriterionType : result.parsedConfig->criterionTypes) {
+                if (configCriterionType.name == criterion.typeName) {
+                    criterionType = configCriterionType;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            ASSERT_FALSE(criterionType.name.empty())
+                    << "Invalid criterion type for " << criterion.name.c_str();
+            policyParameterMgr->addCriterion(criterion.name, criterionType.isInclusive,
+                                             criterionType.valuePairs,
+                                             criterion.defaultLiteralValue);
+        }
+        ASSERT_EQ(0, result.nbSkippedElement) << "failed to parse Audio Policy Engine PFW criteria";
+
+        // If the PFW cannot validate, it will not start
+        std::string error;
+        auto status = policyParameterMgr->start(error);
+        ASSERT_EQ(status, android::NO_ERROR)
+                << "failed to " << (validateSchema ? "validate" : "start")
+                << " Audio Policy Engine PFW: " << error;
+
+        ASSERT_TRUE(policyParameterMgr->isStarted());
+    };
+
+    // First round for sanity to ensure we can launch the Audio Policy Engine PFW without
+    // schema validation successfully, otherwise it is not forth going on running validation...
+    testAudioPolicyEnginePfw(false, {});
+
+    // If second round fails, it means parameter-framework cannot validate schema
+    testAudioPolicyEnginePfw(true, {XSD_PFW_DIR});
+}
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest.xml b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..68b390f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest.">
+  <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+  <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+  <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+  </target_preparer>
+
+  <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+  </target_preparer>
+
+  <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+    <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+    <option name="push" value="VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_conf_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_engine_configuration_V1_0.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_V1_0.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentLibrary_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/ComponentLibrary.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentTypeSet_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/ComponentTypeSet.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomain_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/ConfigurableDomain.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomains_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/ConfigurableDomains.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_FileIncluder_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/FileIncluder.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Parameter_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/Parameter.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterFrameworkConfiguration_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterSettings_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/ParameterSettings.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Subsystem_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/Subsystem.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_SystemClass_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/SystemClass.xsd" />
+    <option name="push" value="audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_W3cXmlAttributes_V1_0.xsd->/data/local/tmp/Schemas/W3cXmlAttributes.xsd" />
+  </target_preparer>
+
+  <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+    <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+    <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalAudioPolicyV1_0TargetTest" />
+  </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/Android.bp b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6da7b5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+xsd_config {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_conf_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd"],
+    package_name: "audio.policy.V1_0",
+}
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/current.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/current.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ccbc828
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/current.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+// Signature format: 2.0
+package audio.policy.V1_0 {
+
+  public class AttributesGroup {
+    ctor public AttributesGroup();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.AttributesType> getAttributes_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.BundleType getBundle_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.ContentTypeType getContentType_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.FlagsType getFlags_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.SourceType getSource_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.Stream getStreamType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.UsageType getUsage_optional();
+    method public String getVolumeGroup();
+    method public void setBundle_optional(audio.policy.V1_0.BundleType);
+    method public void setContentType_optional(audio.policy.V1_0.ContentTypeType);
+    method public void setFlags_optional(audio.policy.V1_0.FlagsType);
+    method public void setSource_optional(audio.policy.V1_0.SourceType);
+    method public void setStreamType(audio.policy.V1_0.Stream);
+    method public void setUsage_optional(audio.policy.V1_0.UsageType);
+    method public void setVolumeGroup(String);
+  }
+
+  public class AttributesRef {
+    ctor public AttributesRef();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.AttributesRefType> getReference();
+  }
+
+  public class AttributesRefType {
+    ctor public AttributesRefType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.AttributesType getAttributes();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setAttributes(audio.policy.V1_0.AttributesType);
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class AttributesType {
+    ctor public AttributesType();
+    method public String getAttributesRef();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.BundleType getBundle();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.ContentTypeType getContentType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.FlagsType getFlags();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.SourceType getSource();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.UsageType getUsage();
+    method public void setAttributesRef(String);
+    method public void setBundle(audio.policy.V1_0.BundleType);
+    method public void setContentType(audio.policy.V1_0.ContentTypeType);
+    method public void setFlags(audio.policy.V1_0.FlagsType);
+    method public void setSource(audio.policy.V1_0.SourceType);
+    method public void setUsage(audio.policy.V1_0.UsageType);
+  }
+
+  public class BundleType {
+    ctor public BundleType();
+    method public String getKey();
+    method public String getValue();
+    method public void setKey(String);
+    method public void setValue(String);
+  }
+
+  public class Configuration {
+    ctor public Configuration();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.AttributesRef> getAttributesRef();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.CriteriaType> getCriteria();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.CriterionTypesType> getCriterion_types();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.ProductStrategies> getProductStrategies();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.Version getVersion();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.VolumeGroupsType> getVolumeGroups();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.VolumesType> getVolumes();
+    method public void setVersion(audio.policy.V1_0.Version);
+  }
+
+  public enum ContentType {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
+  }
+
+  public class ContentTypeType {
+    ctor public ContentTypeType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType getValue();
+    method public void setValue(audio.policy.V1_0.ContentType);
+  }
+
+  public class CriteriaType {
+    ctor public CriteriaType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.CriterionType> getCriterion();
+  }
+
+  public class CriterionType {
+    ctor public CriterionType();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public String getType();
+    method public String get_default();
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setType(String);
+    method public void set_default(String);
+  }
+
+  public class CriterionTypeType {
+    ctor public CriterionTypeType();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.PfwCriterionTypeEnum getType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.ValuesType getValues();
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setType(audio.policy.V1_0.PfwCriterionTypeEnum);
+    method public void setValues(audio.policy.V1_0.ValuesType);
+  }
+
+  public class CriterionTypesType {
+    ctor public CriterionTypesType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.CriterionTypeType> getCriterion_type();
+  }
+
+  public enum DeviceCategory {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory DEVICE_CATEGORY_EARPIECE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory DEVICE_CATEGORY_EXT_MEDIA;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEADSET;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEARING_AID;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER;
+  }
+
+  public enum FlagType {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_AUDIBILITY_ENFORCED;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_BEACON;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_BYPASS_INTERRUPTION_POLICY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_BYPASS_MUTE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_DEEP_BUFFER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_HW_AV_SYNC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_HW_HOTWORD;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_LOW_LATENCY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_MUTE_HAPTIC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_NONE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_NO_MEDIA_PROJECTION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_NO_SYSTEM_CAPTURE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_SCO;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType AUDIO_FLAG_SECURE;
+  }
+
+  public class FlagsType {
+    ctor public FlagsType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType> getValue();
+    method public void setValue(java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.FlagType>);
+  }
+
+  public enum PfwCriterionTypeEnum {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.PfwCriterionTypeEnum exclusive;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.PfwCriterionTypeEnum inclusive;
+  }
+
+  public class ProductStrategies {
+    ctor public ProductStrategies();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.ProductStrategies.ProductStrategy> getProductStrategy();
+  }
+
+  public static class ProductStrategies.ProductStrategy {
+    ctor public ProductStrategies.ProductStrategy();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.AttributesGroup> getAttributesGroup();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public enum SourceEnumType {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_CAMCORDER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_ECHO_REFERENCE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_FM_TUNER;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_MIC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_REMOTE_SUBMIX;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_UNPROCESSED;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_CALL;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_DOWNLINK;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_PERFORMANCE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_RECOGNITION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_UPLINK;
+  }
+
+  public class SourceType {
+    ctor public SourceType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType getValue();
+    method public void setValue(audio.policy.V1_0.SourceEnumType);
+  }
+
+  public enum Stream {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ALARM;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_DEFAULT;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_ENFORCED_AUDIBLE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_NOTIFICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_RING;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_SYSTEM;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_TTS;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Stream AUDIO_STREAM_VOICE_CALL;
+  }
+
+  public enum UsageEnumType {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ALARM;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_ACCESSIBILITY;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_NAVIGATION_GUIDANCE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_SONIFICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_GAME;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_TELEPHONY_RINGTONE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_UNKNOWN;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION_SIGNALLING;
+  }
+
+  public class UsageType {
+    ctor public UsageType();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType getValue();
+    method public void setValue(audio.policy.V1_0.UsageEnumType);
+  }
+
+  public class ValueType {
+    ctor public ValueType();
+    method public String getLiteral();
+    method public int getNumerical();
+    method public void setLiteral(String);
+    method public void setNumerical(int);
+  }
+
+  public class ValuesType {
+    ctor public ValuesType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.ValueType> getValue();
+  }
+
+  public enum Version {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.V1_0.Version _1_0;
+  }
+
+  public class Volume {
+    ctor public Volume();
+    method public audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory getDeviceCategory();
+    method public java.util.List<java.lang.String> getPoint();
+    method public String getRef();
+    method public void setDeviceCategory(audio.policy.V1_0.DeviceCategory);
+    method public void setRef(String);
+  }
+
+  public class VolumeGroupsType {
+    ctor public VolumeGroupsType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.VolumeGroupsType.VolumeGroup> getVolumeGroup();
+  }
+
+  public static class VolumeGroupsType.VolumeGroup {
+    ctor public VolumeGroupsType.VolumeGroup();
+    method public int getIndexMax();
+    method public int getIndexMin();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.Volume> getVolume();
+    method public void setIndexMax(int);
+    method public void setIndexMin(int);
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class VolumeRef {
+    ctor public VolumeRef();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public java.util.List<java.lang.String> getPoint();
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class VolumesType {
+    ctor public VolumesType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.V1_0.VolumeRef> getReference();
+  }
+
+  public class XmlParser {
+    ctor public XmlParser();
+    method public static audio.policy.V1_0.Configuration read(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static String readText(org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser) throws java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static void skip(org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser) throws java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+  }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/last_current.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/last_current.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/last_current.txt
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/last_removed.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/last_removed.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/last_removed.txt
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/removed.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/removed.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d802177
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/api/removed.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// Signature format: 2.0
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a23d9a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/audio_policy_engine_configuration.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,400 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+     -->
+
+ <xs:schema version="2.0"
+            elementFormDefault="qualified"
+            attributeFormDefault="unqualified"
+            xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <!-- List the config versions supported by audio policy engine. -->
+    <xs:simpleType name="version">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:decimal">
+            <xs:enumeration value="1.0"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:element name="configuration">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="ProductStrategies" type="ProductStrategies"  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="criterion_types" type="criterionTypesType"  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="criteria" type="criteriaType"  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="volumeGroups" type="volumeGroupsType"  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="volumes" type="volumesType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="attributesRef" type="attributesRef"  minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="version" type="version" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+
+        <xs:key name="volumeCurveNameKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="volumes/reference"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+        </xs:key>
+        <xs:keyref name="volumeCurveRef" refer="volumeCurveNameKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="volumeGroups/volumeGroup"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@ref"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+
+        <xs:key name="attributesRefNameKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="attributesRef/reference"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+        </xs:key>
+        <xs:keyref name="volumeGroupAttributesRef" refer="attributesRefNameKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="volumeGroups/volumeGroup/volume"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@attributesRef"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+        <xs:keyref name="ProductStrategyAttributesRef" refer="attributesRefNameKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ProductStrategies/ProductStrategy/Attributes"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@attributesRef"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+
+        <xs:unique name="productStrategyNameUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ProductStrategies/ProductStrategy"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+
+        <!-- ensure validity of volume group referred in product strategy-->
+        <xs:key name="volumeGroupKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="volumeGroups/volumeGroup/name"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="."/>
+        </xs:key>
+        <xs:keyref name="volumeGroupRef" refer="volumeGroupKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ProductStrategies/ProductStrategy/AttributesGroup"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@volumeGroup"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+
+        <xs:unique name="volumeTargetUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="volumeGroups/volumeGroup"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@deviceCategory"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+
+        <!-- ensure validity of criterion type referred in criterion-->
+        <xs:key name="criterionTypeKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="criterion_types/criterion_type"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@name"/>
+        </xs:key>
+        <xs:keyref name="criterionTypeKeyRef" refer="criterionTypeKey">
+            <xs:selector xpath="criteria/criterion"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@type"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+
+    </xs:element>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="ProductStrategies">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+            </xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="ProductStrategy" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:element name="AttributesGroup" type="AttributesGroup" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+                </xs:complexType>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="AttributesGroup">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
+                <xs:element name="Attributes" type="AttributesType" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:element name="ContentType" type="ContentTypeType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                    <xs:element name="Usage" type="UsageType" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                    <xs:element name="Source" type="SourceType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                    <xs:element name="Flags" type="FlagsType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                    <xs:element name="Bundle" type="BundleType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                </xs:sequence>
+            </xs:choice>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="streamType" type="stream" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="volumeGroup" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="volumeGroupsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+             <xs:element name="volumeGroup" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                         <xs:element name="name" type="xs:token"/>
+                         <xs:element name="indexMin" type="xs:int" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                         <xs:element name="indexMax" type="xs:int" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                         <xs:element name="volume" type="volume" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                     </xs:sequence>
+                </xs:complexType>
+                <xs:unique name="volumeAttributesUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="volume"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="deviceCategory"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+             </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="volumesType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="reference" type="volumeRef" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="attributesRef">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="reference" type="attributesRefType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="criteriaType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="criterion" type="criterionType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="criterionType">
+        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="type" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="default" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="criterionTypesType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="criterion_type" type="criterionTypeType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="criterionTypeType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="values" type="valuesType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:token" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="type" type="pfwCriterionTypeEnum" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="valuesType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="value" type="valueType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="valueType">
+        <xs:attribute name="literal" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="numerical" type="xs:int" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="attributesRefType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="Attributes" type="AttributesType" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:token" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="AttributesType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="ContentType" type="ContentTypeType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+            <xs:element name="Usage" type="UsageType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+            <xs:element name="Source" type="SourceType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+            <xs:element name="Flags" type="FlagsType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+            <xs:element name="Bundle" type="BundleType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="attributesRef" type="xs:token" use="optional"/>
+        <!-- with xsd 1.1, it is impossible to make choice on either attributes or element...-->
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="ContentTypeType">
+        <xs:attribute name="value" type="contentType" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="UsageType">
+        <xs:attribute name="value" type="usageEnumType" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="SourceType">
+        <xs:attribute name="value" type="sourceEnumType" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="FlagsType">
+        <xs:attribute name="value" type="flagsEnumType" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="BundleType">
+        <xs:attribute name="key" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="value" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="volume">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+                Volume section defines a volume curve for a given use case and device category.
+                It contains a list of points of this curve expressing the attenuation in Millibels
+                for a given volume index from 0 to 100.
+                <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER">
+                    <point>0,-9600</point>
+                    <point>100,0</point>
+                </volume>
+
+                It may also reference a reference/@name to avoid duplicating curves.
+                <volume deviceCategory="DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER" ref="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE"/>
+                <reference name="DEFAULT_MEDIA_VOLUME_CURVE">
+                    <point>0,-9600</point>
+                    <point>100,0</point>
+                </reference>
+            </xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="point" type="volumePoint" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="deviceCategory" type="deviceCategory"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="ref" type="xs:token" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:complexType name="volumeRef">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="point" type="volumePoint" minOccurs="2" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:token" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="volumePoint">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation xml:lang="en">
+                Comma separated pair of number.
+                The fist one is the framework level (between 0 and 100).
+                The second one is the volume to send to the HAL.
+                The framework will interpolate volumes not specified.
+                Their MUST be at least 2 points specified.
+            </xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:pattern value="([0-9]{1,2}|100),-?[0-9]+"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="streamsCsv">
+        <xs:list>
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="stream">
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:list>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <!-- Enum values of audio_stream_type_t in audio-base.h
+         TODO: avoid manual sync. -->
+    <xs:simpleType name="stream">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
+            <!--xs:pattern value="\c+(,\c+)*"/-->
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_DEFAULT"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_VOICE_CALL"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_SYSTEM"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_RING"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_MUSIC"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_ALARM"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_NOTIFICATION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_BLUETOOTH_SCO"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_ENFORCED_AUDIBLE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_DTMF"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_TTS"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_ACCESSIBILITY"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_STREAM_ASSISTANT"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="deviceCategory">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEADSET"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="DEVICE_CATEGORY_SPEAKER"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="DEVICE_CATEGORY_EARPIECE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="DEVICE_CATEGORY_EXT_MEDIA"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="DEVICE_CATEGORY_HEARING_AID"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="contentType">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_UNKNOWN"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SPEECH"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_MOVIE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_CONTENT_TYPE_SONIFICATION"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="usageEnumType">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_UNKNOWN"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_MEDIA"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION_SIGNALLING"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ALARM"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_NOTIFICATION_TELEPHONY_RINGTONE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_ACCESSIBILITY"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_NAVIGATION_GUIDANCE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANCE_SONIFICATION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_GAME"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_VIRTUAL_SOURCE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_USAGE_ASSISTANT"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="flagsEnumType">
+        <xs:list>
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="flagType">
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:list>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="flagType">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_NONE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_AUDIBILITY_ENFORCED"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_SECURE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_SCO"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_BEACON"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_HW_AV_SYNC"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_HW_HOTWORD"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_BYPASS_INTERRUPTION_POLICY"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_BYPASS_MUTE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_LOW_LATENCY"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_DEEP_BUFFER"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_NO_MEDIA_PROJECTION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_MUTE_HAPTIC"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_FLAG_NO_SYSTEM_CAPTURE"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="sourceEnumType">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_DEFAULT"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_MIC"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_UPLINK"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_DOWNLINK"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_CALL"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_CAMCORDER"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_RECOGNITION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_COMMUNICATION"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_REMOTE_SUBMIX"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_UNPROCESSED"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_VOICE_PERFORMANCE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_ECHO_REFERENCE"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="AUDIO_SOURCE_FM_TUNER"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+
+    <xs:simpleType name="pfwCriterionTypeEnum">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:enumeration value="inclusive"/>
+            <xs:enumeration value="exclusive"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/AllSchemas.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/AllSchemas.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e04a38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/AllSchemas.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,754 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+
+ <!-- BEGIN W3cXmlAttributes.xsd -->
+ <xs:annotation>
+  <xs:documentation>
+   See http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace.html and
+   http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml for information about this namespace.
+
+    This schema document describes the XML namespace, in a form
+    suitable for import by other schema documents.
+
+    Note that local names in this namespace are intended to be defined
+    only by the World Wide Web Consortium or its subgroups.  The
+    following names are currently defined in this namespace and should
+    not be used with conflicting semantics by any Working Group,
+    specification, or document instance:
+
+    base (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose value
+         provides a URI to be used as the base for interpreting any
+         relative URIs in the scope of the element on which it
+         appears; its value is inherited.  This name is reserved
+         by virtue of its definition in the XML Base specification.
+
+    id   (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose value
+         should be interpreted as if declared to be of type ID.
+         The xml:id specification is not yet a W3C Recommendation,
+         but this attribute is included here to facilitate experimentation
+         with the mechanisms it proposes.  Note that it is _not_ included
+         in the specialAttrs attribute group.
+
+    lang (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose value
+         is a language code for the natural language of the content of
+         any element; its value is inherited.  This name is reserved
+         by virtue of its definition in the XML specification.
+
+    space (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose
+         value is a keyword indicating what whitespace processing
+         discipline is intended for the content of the element; its
+         value is inherited.  This name is reserved by virtue of its
+         definition in the XML specification.
+
+    Father (in any context at all): denotes Jon Bosak, the chair of
+         the original XML Working Group.  This name is reserved by
+         the following decision of the W3C XML Plenary and
+         XML Coordination groups:
+
+             In appreciation for his vision, leadership and dedication
+             the W3C XML Plenary on this 10th day of February, 2000
+             reserves for Jon Bosak in perpetuity the XML name
+             xml:Father
+  </xs:documentation>
+ </xs:annotation>
+
+ <xs:annotation>
+  <xs:documentation>This schema defines attributes and an attribute group
+        suitable for use by
+        schemas wishing to allow xml:base, xml:lang, xml:space or xml:id
+        attributes on elements they define.
+
+        To enable this, such a schema must import this schema
+        for the XML namespace, e.g. as follows:
+        &lt;schema . . .>
+         . . .
+         &lt;import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
+                    schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/xml.xsd"/>
+
+        Subsequently, qualified reference to any of the attributes
+        or the group defined below will have the desired effect, e.g.
+
+        &lt;type . . .>
+         . . .
+         &lt;attributeGroup ref="xml:specialAttrs"/>
+
+         will define a type which will schema-validate an instance
+         element with any of those attributes</xs:documentation>
+ </xs:annotation>
+
+ <xs:annotation>
+  <xs:documentation>In keeping with the XML Schema WG's standard versioning
+   policy, this schema document will persist at
+   http://www.w3.org/2005/08/xml.xsd.
+   At the date of issue it can also be found at
+   http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd.
+   The schema document at that URI may however change in the future,
+   in order to remain compatible with the latest version of XML Schema
+   itself, or with the XML namespace itself.  In other words, if the XML
+   Schema or XML namespaces change, the version of this document at
+   http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd will change
+   accordingly; the version at
+   http://www.w3.org/2005/08/xml.xsd will not change.
+  </xs:documentation>
+ </xs:annotation>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="lang">
+  <xs:annotation>
+   <xs:documentation>Attempting to install the relevant ISO 2- and 3-letter
+         codes as the enumerated possible values is probably never
+         going to be a realistic possibility.  See
+         RFC 3066 at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt and the IANA registry
+         at http://www.iana.org/assignments/lang-tag-apps.htm for
+         further information.
+
+         The union allows for the 'un-declaration' of xml:lang with
+         the empty string.</xs:documentation>
+  </xs:annotation>
+  <xs:simpleType>
+   <xs:union memberTypes="xs:language">
+    <xs:simpleType name="langEnum">
+     <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:enumeration value=""/>
+     </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+   </xs:union>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="space">
+  <xs:simpleType name="spaceEnum">
+   <xs:restriction base="xs:NCName">
+    <xs:enumeration value="default"/>
+    <xs:enumeration value="preserve"/>
+   </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="base" type="xs:anyURI">
+  <xs:annotation>
+   <xs:documentation>See http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlbase/ for
+                     information about this attribute.</xs:documentation>
+  </xs:annotation>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:ID">
+  <xs:annotation>
+   <xs:documentation>See http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-id/ for
+                     information about this attribute.</xs:documentation>
+  </xs:annotation>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attributeGroup name="specialAttrs">
+  <xs:attribute ref="xml:base"/>
+  <xs:attribute ref="xml:lang"/>
+  <xs:attribute ref="xml:space"/>
+ </xs:attributeGroup>
+ <!-- END W3cXmlAttributes.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN ParameterSettings.xsd -->
+<!-- BUG b/147297854 - removed "abstract" from type definition -->
+    <xs:complexType name="ParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:extension base="xs:string">
+                <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="optional">
+                    <xs:simpleType name="ValueSpaceEnum">
+                        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+                            <xs:enumeration value="Raw"/>
+                            <xs:enumeration value="Real"/>
+                        </xs:restriction>
+                    </xs:simpleType>
+                </xs:attribute>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="BooleanParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:pattern value="([01][\s]*)+"/>
+                <xs:pattern value="((0x0|0x1)[\s]*)+"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="prohibited"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="IntegerParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:pattern value="(0|([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*))(\s+(0|([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)))*"/>
+                <xs:pattern value="(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(\s+(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+))*"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="prohibited"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="EnumParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="prohibited"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PointParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:pattern value="((0|[+-]?0\.[0-9]+|(([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?))([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?)(\s+(0|[+-]?0\.[0-9]+|(([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?))([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?)*"/>
+                <xs:pattern value="(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(\s+(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+))*"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="BitParameterBlockType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="BitParameter" maxOccurs="unbounded" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="StringParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:extension base="xs:string">
+                <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="ParameterBlockGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="BooleanParameter" type="BooleanParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="IntegerParameter" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="EnumParameter" type="EnumParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="FixedPointParameter" type="PointParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="FloatingPointParameter" type="PointParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="BitParameterBlock" type="BitParameterBlockType">
+                <xs:unique name="BitParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+            <xs:element name="StringParameter" type="StringParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="Component" type="ParameterBlockType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ParameterBlock" type="ParameterBlockType">
+                <xs:unique name="ParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ParameterBlockType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <!-- END ParameterSettings.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN ConfigurableDomain.xsd -->
+    <xs:complexType name="SelectionCriterionRuleType">
+        <xs:attribute name="SelectionCriterion" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="MatchesWhen" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType name="MatchesWhenEnum">
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Is"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="IsNot"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Includes"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Excludes"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+        <xs:attribute name="Value" use="required" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="RuleGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="CompoundRule" type="CompoundRuleType"/>
+            <xs:element name="SelectionCriterionRule" type="SelectionCriterionRuleType"/>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="CompoundRuleType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="RuleGroup" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Type">
+            <xs:simpleType name="TypeEnum">
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Any"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="All"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurationsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="Configuration">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:element name="CompoundRule" type="CompoundRuleType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+                </xs:complexType>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="ComponentGroup">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:choice>
+                <xs:group ref="ComponentGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="Subsystem" type="ComponentType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:choice>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurableElementsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0" name="ConfigurableElement">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:attribute name="Path" use="required">
+                        <xs:simpleType>
+                            <xs:restriction base="xs:anyURI">
+                                <xs:pattern value="/.*[^/]"/>
+                            </xs:restriction>
+                        </xs:simpleType>
+                    </xs:attribute>
+                </xs:complexType>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurableElementSettingsType">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="BitParameter" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+            <xs:group ref="ComponentGroup"/>
+        </xs:choice>
+        <xs:attribute name="Path" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:anyURI">
+                    <xs:pattern value="/.*[^/]"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="SettingsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0" name="Configuration">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:element name="ConfigurableElement" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" type="ConfigurableElementSettingsType"/>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+                </xs:complexType>
+                <xs:unique name="ConfigurableElementUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableElement"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Path"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurableDomainType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="Configurations" type="ConfigurationsType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ConfigurableElements" type="ConfigurableElementsType"/>
+            <xs:element name="Settings" type="SettingsType" minOccurs="0"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="SequenceAware" use="optional" type="xs:boolean" default="false"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="ConfigurableDomain" type="ConfigurableDomainType"/>
+    <!-- END ConfigurableDomain.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN ConfigurableDomains.xsd -->
+    <xs:element name="ConfigurableDomains">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="ConfigurableDomain" type="ConfigurableDomainType">
+                    <xs:key name="ConfigurableElementKey">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableElements/ConfigurableElement"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Path"/>
+                    </xs:key>
+                    <xs:keyref refer="ConfigurableElementKey" name="ConfigurableDomainReference">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="Settings/Configuration/ConfigurableElement"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Path"/>
+                    </xs:keyref>
+                    <xs:key name="ConfigurationKey">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="Configurations/Configuration"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                    </xs:key>
+                    <xs:keyref refer="ConfigurationKey" name="ConfigurationReference2">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableElements/ConfigurableElement/Configuration"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                    </xs:keyref>
+                    <xs:keyref refer="ConfigurationKey" name="ConfigurationReference">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="Settings/Configuration"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                    </xs:keyref>
+                </xs:element>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="SystemClassName" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+        <xs:unique name="ConfigurableDomainUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableDomain"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+    <!-- END ConfigurableDomains.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN Parameter.xsd -->
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="Nameable">
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Description" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="TypedNameable">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Type" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentInstance">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="TypedNameable"/>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="ArrayLengthAttribute"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:simpleType name="SizeType">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:positiveInteger">
+            <xs:pattern value="8|16|32"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:simpleType name="SizeType64">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:positiveInteger">
+            <xs:pattern value="8|16|32|64"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="IntegerParameterAttributes">
+        <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Min" type="xs:integer" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Max" type="xs:integer" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Signed" type="xs:boolean" use="optional" default="false"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="ArrayLengthAttribute">
+        <xs:attribute name="ArrayLength" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="optional" default="0"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:complexType name="Adaptation">
+        <xs:attribute name="Offset" type="xs:integer" default="0"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="LinearAdaptationType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Adaptation">
+                <xs:attribute name="SlopeNumerator" type="xs:double" default="1"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="SlopeDenominator" type="xs:double" default="1"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="LinearAdaptation" type="LinearAdaptationType"/>
+    <xs:element name="LogarithmicAdaptation">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:complexContent>
+                <xs:extension base="LinearAdaptationType">
+                    <xs:attribute name="LogarithmBase" type="xs:double" default="10"/>
+                    <xs:attribute name="FloorValue" type="xs:double" default="-INF"/>
+                </xs:extension>
+            </xs:complexContent>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+<!-- BUG b/147297854 - removed abstract from Parameter definition -->
+    <xs:complexType name="Parameter">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="ArrayLengthAttribute"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="BooleanParameter">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:complexContent>
+                <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                    <xs:attribute name="Size" fixed="8" type="SizeType"/>
+                </xs:extension>
+            </xs:complexContent>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:complexType name="IntegerParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
+                    <xs:element ref="LinearAdaptation"/>
+                    <xs:element ref="LogarithmicAdaptation"/>
+                </xs:choice>
+                <xs:attributeGroup ref="IntegerParameterAttributes"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Unit" type="xs:token" use="optional"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="IntegerParameter" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="EnumParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                <xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:element name="ValuePair" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                        <xs:complexType>
+                            <xs:attribute name="Literal" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+                            <xs:attribute name="Numerical" use="required">
+                                <xs:simpleType>
+                                    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+                                        <xs:pattern value="0|[+-]?[1-9][0-9]*"/>
+                                        <xs:pattern value="0x[0-9a-fA-F]+"/>
+                                    </xs:restriction>
+                                </xs:simpleType>
+                            </xs:attribute>
+                        </xs:complexType>
+                    </xs:element>
+                </xs:sequence>
+                <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType" use="required"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="EnumParameter" type="EnumParameterType">
+        <xs:unique name="LiteralUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ValuePair"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Literal"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+        <xs:unique name="NumericalUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ValuePair"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Numerical"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:simpleType name="PointBound">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:pattern value="(0|[+-]?0\.[0-9]+|(([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?))([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PointParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                <xs:attribute name="Unit" type="xs:token" use="optional"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="FixedPointParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="PointParameterType">
+                <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType" use="required"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Integral" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="required"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Fractional" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="required"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="FixedPointParameter" type="FixedPointParameterType"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="FloatingPointParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="PointParameterType">
+                <xs:attribute name="Size" fixed="32" type="SizeType"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Min" type="PointBound" use="optional"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Max" type="PointBound" use="optional"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="FloatingPointParameter" type="FloatingPointParameterType"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="BitParameterType">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Size" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:positiveInteger">
+                    <xs:maxInclusive value="64"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+        <xs:attribute name="Pos" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:nonNegativeInteger">
+                    <xs:maxInclusive value="63"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+        <xs:attribute name="Max" type="xs:integer" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="BitParameterBlock">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="BitParameter" type="BitParameterType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType64" use="required"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+        <xs:unique name="BitParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:element name="StringParameter">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="MaxLength" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:group name="ParameterBlockGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element ref="BooleanParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="IntegerParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="EnumParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="FixedPointParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="FloatingPointParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="BitParameterBlock"/>
+            <xs:element ref="StringParameter"/>
+            <xs:element name="Component" type="ComponentInstance"/>
+            <xs:element name="ParameterBlock" type="ParameterBlockType">
+                <xs:unique name="ParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ParameterBlockType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="ArrayLengthAttribute"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <!-- END Parameter.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN ComponentTypeSet.xsd -->
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Extends" use="optional" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="ComponentTypeSetGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="ComponentLibrary" type="ComponentTypeSetType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ComponentTypeSet" type="ComponentTypeSetType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ComponentType" type="ComponentType">
+                <xs:unique name="ComponentTypeSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentTypeSetType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ComponentTypeSetGroup" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute ref="xml:base"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="ComponentTypeSet" type="ComponentTypeSetType">
+        <xs:unique name="ComponentTypeUniquenessInComponentTypeSet">
+            <xs:selector xpath=".//ComponentType"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+    <!-- END ComponentTypeSet.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN ComponentLibrary.xsd -->
+    <xs:element name="ComponentLibrary" type="ComponentTypeSetType">
+        <xs:key name="ComponentTypeUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath=".//ComponentType"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:key>
+        <xs:keyref name="ComponentTypeNotFound" refer="ComponentTypeUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath=".//ComponentType/Component"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Type"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+    </xs:element>
+    <!-- END ComponentLibrary.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN Subsystem.xsd -->
+    <xs:complexType name="SubsystemType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element ref="ComponentLibrary"/>
+            <xs:element name="InstanceDefinition">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:sequence>
+                            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup"/>
+                        </xs:sequence>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                </xs:complexType>
+                <xs:unique name="InstanceDefinitionSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Type" use="required" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="Subsystem" type="SubsystemType">
+        <xs:keyref name="InstanceDefinitionComponentTypeNotFound" refer="ComponentTypeUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="InstanceDefinition/Component"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Type"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+    </xs:element>
+    <!-- END Subsystem.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN FileIncluder.xsd -->
+    <xs:complexType name="FileIncluderType">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation>Element type used to import a root element from a file.</xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:attribute name="Path" type="xs:anyURI" use="required">
+            <xs:annotation>
+                <xs:documentation>Path to the file to import.
+This path may be absolute or relative to the path of the includer file.</xs:documentation>
+            </xs:annotation>
+        </xs:attribute>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <!-- END FileIncluder.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN SystemClass.xsd -->
+    <xs:element name="SystemClass">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                    <xs:element name="SubsystemInclude" type="FileIncluderType"/>
+                    <xs:element ref="Subsystem"/>
+                </xs:choice>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <!-- END SystemClass.xsd -->
+
+    <!-- BEGIN ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd -->
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurationFilePath">
+        <xs:attribute name="Path" type="xs:anyURI" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PluginFile">
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PluginLocation">
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="Plugin" type="PluginFile" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="Folder" type="xs:anyURI" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="SubsystemPlugins">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="Location" type="PluginLocation" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:complexType name="SettingsConfigurationType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="ConfigurableDomainsFileLocation" type="ConfigurationFilePath"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="ParameterFrameworkConfiguration">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element ref="SubsystemPlugins" />
+                <xs:element name="StructureDescriptionFileLocation" type="ConfigurationFilePath"/>
+                <xs:element name="SettingsConfiguration" type="SettingsConfigurationType" minOccurs="0"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="SystemClassName" use="required" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="ServerPort" use="required" type="xs:string"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="TuningAllowed" use="required" type="xs:boolean"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <!-- END ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd -->
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Android.bp b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8054dc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+xsd_config {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["AllSchemas.xsd"],
+    package_name: "audio.policy.configurable.V1_0",
+}
+
+// Unfortunately, all rules only have a single output, thus
+// it is needed to create a rule per XSD file.
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentLibrary_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["ComponentLibrary.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentLibrary_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentLibrary_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentTypeSet_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["ComponentTypeSet.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentTypeSet_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ComponentTypeSet_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomain_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["ConfigurableDomain.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomain_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomain_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomains_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["ConfigurableDomains.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomains_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ConfigurableDomains_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_FileIncluder_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["FileIncluder.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_FileIncluder_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_FileIncluder_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Parameter_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["Parameter.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Parameter_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Parameter_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterFrameworkConfiguration_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterFrameworkConfiguration_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterFrameworkConfiguration_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterSettings_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["ParameterSettings.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterSettings_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_ParameterSettings_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Subsystem_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["Subsystem.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Subsystem_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_Subsystem_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_SystemClass_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["SystemClass.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_SystemClass_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_SystemClass_V1_0.xsd",
+}
+
+genrule {
+    name: "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_W3cXmlAttributes_V1_0",
+    srcs: ["W3cXmlAttributes.xsd"],
+    out: [
+        "audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_W3cXmlAttributes_V1_0.xsd",
+    ],
+    cmd: "cp -f $(in) $(genDir)/audio_policy_engine_configurable_configuration_W3cXmlAttributes_V1_0.xsd",
+}
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ComponentLibrary.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ComponentLibrary.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fbd70af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ComponentLibrary.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" schemaLocation="W3cXmlAttributes.xsd"/>
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="ComponentTypeSet.xsd"/>
+    <xs:element name="ComponentLibrary" type="ComponentTypeSetType">
+        <xs:key name="ComponentTypeUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath=".//ComponentType"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:key>
+        <xs:keyref name="ComponentTypeNotFound" refer="ComponentTypeUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath=".//ComponentType/Component"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Type"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+    </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ComponentTypeSet.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ComponentTypeSet.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3938b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ComponentTypeSet.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" schemaLocation="W3cXmlAttributes.xsd"/>
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="Parameter.xsd"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:sequence maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Extends" use="optional" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="ComponentTypeSetGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="ComponentLibrary" type="ComponentTypeSetType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ComponentTypeSet" type="ComponentTypeSetType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ComponentType" type="ComponentType">
+                <xs:unique name="ComponentTypeSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentTypeSetType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ComponentTypeSetGroup" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute ref="xml:base"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="ComponentTypeSet" type="ComponentTypeSetType">
+        <xs:unique name="ComponentTypeUniquenessInComponentTypeSet">
+            <xs:selector xpath=".//ComponentType"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ConfigurableDomain.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ConfigurableDomain.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..583acdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ConfigurableDomain.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified">
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="ParameterSettings.xsd"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="SelectionCriterionRuleType">
+        <xs:attribute name="SelectionCriterion" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="MatchesWhen" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType name="MatchesWhenEnum">
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Is"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="IsNot"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Includes"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Excludes"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+        <xs:attribute name="Value" use="required" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="RuleGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="CompoundRule" type="CompoundRuleType"/>
+            <xs:element name="SelectionCriterionRule" type="SelectionCriterionRuleType"/>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="CompoundRuleType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="RuleGroup" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Type">
+            <xs:simpleType name="TypeEnum">
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:NMTOKEN">
+                    <xs:enumeration value="Any"/>
+                    <xs:enumeration value="All"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurationsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="Configuration">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:element name="CompoundRule" type="CompoundRuleType" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1"/>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+                </xs:complexType>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="ComponentGroup">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:choice>
+                <xs:group ref="ComponentGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+                <xs:element name="Subsystem" type="ComponentType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:choice>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurableElementsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0" name="ConfigurableElement">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:attribute name="Path" use="required">
+                        <xs:simpleType>
+                            <xs:restriction base="xs:anyURI">
+                                <xs:pattern value="/.*[^/]"/>
+                            </xs:restriction>
+                        </xs:simpleType>
+                    </xs:attribute>
+                </xs:complexType>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurableElementSettingsType">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="BitParameter" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+            <xs:group ref="ComponentGroup"/>
+        </xs:choice>
+        <xs:attribute name="Path" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:anyURI">
+                    <xs:pattern value="/.*[^/]"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="SettingsType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0" name="Configuration">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:element name="ConfigurableElement" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" type="ConfigurableElementSettingsType"/>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+                </xs:complexType>
+                <xs:unique name="ConfigurableElementUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableElement"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Path"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurableDomainType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="Configurations" type="ConfigurationsType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ConfigurableElements" type="ConfigurableElementsType"/>
+            <xs:element name="Settings" type="SettingsType" minOccurs="0"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="SequenceAware" use="optional" type="xs:boolean" default="false"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="ConfigurableDomain" type="ConfigurableDomainType"/>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ConfigurableDomains.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ConfigurableDomains.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4fbe07a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ConfigurableDomains.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified">
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="ConfigurableDomain.xsd"/>
+    <xs:element name="ConfigurableDomains">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element maxOccurs="unbounded" name="ConfigurableDomain" type="ConfigurableDomainType">
+                    <xs:key name="ConfigurableElementKey">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableElements/ConfigurableElement"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Path"/>
+                    </xs:key>
+                    <xs:keyref refer="ConfigurableElementKey" name="ConfigurableDomainReference">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="Settings/Configuration/ConfigurableElement"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Path"/>
+                    </xs:keyref>
+                    <xs:key name="ConfigurationKey">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="Configurations/Configuration"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                    </xs:key>
+                    <xs:keyref refer="ConfigurationKey" name="ConfigurationReference2">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableElements/ConfigurableElement/Configuration"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                    </xs:keyref>
+                    <xs:keyref refer="ConfigurationKey" name="ConfigurationReference">
+                        <xs:selector xpath="Settings/Configuration"/>
+                        <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                    </xs:keyref>
+                </xs:element>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="SystemClassName" use="required" type="xs:NCName"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+        <xs:unique name="ConfigurableDomainUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ConfigurableDomain"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/FileIncluder.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/FileIncluder.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..049c903
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/FileIncluder.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!-- edited with XMLSPY v2004 rel. 3 U (http://www.xmlspy.com) by Samuel Gravez (Siemens VDO S.A.S.) -->
+<xs:schema  xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
+    <xs:complexType name="FileIncluderType">
+        <xs:annotation>
+            <xs:documentation>Element type used to import a root element from a file.</xs:documentation>
+        </xs:annotation>
+        <xs:attribute name="Path" type="xs:anyURI" use="required">
+            <xs:annotation>
+                <xs:documentation>Path to the file to import.
+This path may be absolute or relative to the path of the includer file.</xs:documentation>
+            </xs:annotation>
+        </xs:attribute>
+    </xs:complexType>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Parameter.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Parameter.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b385e6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Parameter.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="Nameable">
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Description" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="TypedNameable">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Type" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:complexType name="ComponentInstance">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="TypedNameable"/>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="ArrayLengthAttribute"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:simpleType name="SizeType">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:positiveInteger">
+            <xs:pattern value="8|16|32"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:simpleType name="SizeType64">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:positiveInteger">
+            <xs:pattern value="8|16|32|64"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="IntegerParameterAttributes">
+        <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType" use="required"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Min" type="xs:integer" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Max" type="xs:integer" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Signed" type="xs:boolean" use="optional" default="false"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:attributeGroup name="ArrayLengthAttribute">
+        <xs:attribute name="ArrayLength" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="optional" default="0"/>
+    </xs:attributeGroup>
+    <xs:complexType name="Adaptation">
+        <xs:attribute name="Offset" type="xs:integer" default="0"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="LinearAdaptationType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Adaptation">
+                <xs:attribute name="SlopeNumerator" type="xs:double" default="1"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="SlopeDenominator" type="xs:double" default="1"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="LinearAdaptation" type="LinearAdaptationType"/>
+    <xs:element name="LogarithmicAdaptation">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:complexContent>
+                <xs:extension base="LinearAdaptationType">
+                    <xs:attribute name="LogarithmBase" type="xs:double" default="10"/>
+                    <xs:attribute name="FloorValue" type="xs:double" default="-INF"/>
+                </xs:extension>
+            </xs:complexContent>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:complexType name="Parameter" abstract="true">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="ArrayLengthAttribute"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="BooleanParameter">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:complexContent>
+                <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                    <xs:attribute name="Size" fixed="8" type="SizeType"/>
+                </xs:extension>
+            </xs:complexContent>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:complexType name="IntegerParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                <xs:choice minOccurs="0">
+                    <xs:element ref="LinearAdaptation"/>
+                    <xs:element ref="LogarithmicAdaptation"/>
+                </xs:choice>
+                <xs:attributeGroup ref="IntegerParameterAttributes"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Unit" type="xs:token" use="optional"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="IntegerParameter" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="EnumParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                <xs:sequence>
+                    <xs:element name="ValuePair" maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                        <xs:complexType>
+                            <xs:attribute name="Literal" type="xs:string" use="required"/>
+                            <xs:attribute name="Numerical" use="required">
+                                <xs:simpleType>
+                                    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+                                        <xs:pattern value="0|[+-]?[1-9][0-9]*"/>
+                                        <xs:pattern value="0x[0-9a-fA-F]+"/>
+                                    </xs:restriction>
+                                </xs:simpleType>
+                            </xs:attribute>
+                        </xs:complexType>
+                    </xs:element>
+                </xs:sequence>
+                <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType" use="required"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="EnumParameter" type="EnumParameterType">
+        <xs:unique name="LiteralUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ValuePair"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Literal"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+        <xs:unique name="NumericalUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="ValuePair"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Numerical"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:simpleType name="PointBound">
+        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+            <xs:pattern value="(0|[+-]?0\.[0-9]+|(([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?))([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?"/>
+        </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PointParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="Parameter">
+                <xs:attribute name="Unit" type="xs:token" use="optional"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="FixedPointParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="PointParameterType">
+                <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType" use="required"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Integral" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="required"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Fractional" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="required"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="FixedPointParameter" type="FixedPointParameterType"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="FloatingPointParameterType">
+        <xs:complexContent>
+            <xs:extension base="PointParameterType">
+                <xs:attribute name="Size" fixed="32" type="SizeType"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Min" type="PointBound" use="optional"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="Max" type="PointBound" use="optional"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:complexContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="FloatingPointParameter" type="FloatingPointParameterType"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="BitParameterType">
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Size" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:positiveInteger">
+                    <xs:maxInclusive value="64"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+        <xs:attribute name="Pos" use="required">
+            <xs:simpleType>
+                <xs:restriction base="xs:nonNegativeInteger">
+                    <xs:maxInclusive value="63"/>
+                </xs:restriction>
+            </xs:simpleType>
+        </xs:attribute>
+        <xs:attribute name="Max" type="xs:integer" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="BitParameterBlock">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="BitParameter" type="BitParameterType" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="Size" type="SizeType64" use="required"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+        <xs:unique name="BitParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+        </xs:unique>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:element name="StringParameter">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="MaxLength" type="xs:nonNegativeInteger" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:group name="ParameterBlockGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element ref="BooleanParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="IntegerParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="EnumParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="FixedPointParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="FloatingPointParameter"/>
+            <xs:element ref="BitParameterBlock"/>
+            <xs:element ref="StringParameter"/>
+            <xs:element name="Component" type="ComponentInstance"/>
+            <xs:element name="ParameterBlock" type="ParameterBlockType">
+                <xs:unique name="ParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ParameterBlockType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="ArrayLengthAttribute"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" type="xs:string" use="optional"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d796ab3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--W3C Schema generated by XMLSpy v2011 sp1 (http://www.altova.com)-->
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <xs:complexType name="ConfigurationFilePath">
+        <xs:attribute name="Path" type="xs:anyURI" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PluginFile">
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType> 
+    <xs:complexType name="PluginLocation">
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="Plugin" type="PluginFile" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="Folder" type="xs:anyURI" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="SubsystemPlugins">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element name="Location" type="PluginLocation" maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+    <xs:complexType name="SettingsConfigurationType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="ConfigurableDomainsFileLocation" type="ConfigurationFilePath"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="ParameterFrameworkConfiguration">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:element ref="SubsystemPlugins" />
+                <xs:element name="StructureDescriptionFileLocation" type="ConfigurationFilePath"/>
+                <xs:element name="SettingsConfiguration" type="SettingsConfigurationType" minOccurs="0"/>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="SystemClassName" use="required" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="ServerPort" use="required" type="xs:string"/>
+            <xs:attribute name="TuningAllowed" use="required" type="xs:boolean"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ParameterSettings.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ParameterSettings.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8951b38
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/ParameterSettings.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" elementFormDefault="qualified" attributeFormDefault="unqualified">
+    <xs:complexType name="ParameterType" abstract="true">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:extension base="xs:string">
+                <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="optional">
+                    <xs:simpleType name="ValueSpaceEnum">
+                        <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+                            <xs:enumeration value="Raw"/>
+                            <xs:enumeration value="Real"/>
+                        </xs:restriction>
+                    </xs:simpleType>
+                </xs:attribute>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="BooleanParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:pattern value="([01][\s]*)+"/>
+                <xs:pattern value="((0x0|0x1)[\s]*)+"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="prohibited"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="IntegerParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:pattern value="(0|([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*))(\s+(0|([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)))*"/>
+                <xs:pattern value="(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(\s+(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+))*"/>
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="prohibited"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="EnumParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:attribute name="ValueSpace" use="prohibited"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="PointParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:restriction base="ParameterType">
+                <xs:pattern value="((0|[+-]?0\.[0-9]+|(([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?))([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?)(\s+(0|[+-]?0\.[0-9]+|(([+-]?[1-9][0-9]*)(\.[0-9]+)?))([Ee][+-]?[0-9]+)?)*"/>
+                <xs:pattern value="(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+)(\s+(0x[0-9a-fA-F]+))*"/>
+            </xs:restriction>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="BitParameterBlockType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element name="BitParameter" maxOccurs="unbounded" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:complexType name="StringParameterType">
+        <xs:simpleContent>
+            <xs:extension base="xs:string">
+                <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+            </xs:extension>
+        </xs:simpleContent>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:group name="ParameterBlockGroup">
+        <xs:choice>
+            <xs:element name="BooleanParameter" type="BooleanParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="IntegerParameter" type="IntegerParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="EnumParameter" type="EnumParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="FixedPointParameter" type="PointParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="FloatingPointParameter" type="PointParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="BitParameterBlock" type="BitParameterBlockType">
+                <xs:unique name="BitParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+            <xs:element name="StringParameter" type="StringParameterType"/>
+            <xs:element name="Component" type="ParameterBlockType"/>
+            <xs:element name="ParameterBlock" type="ParameterBlockType">
+                <xs:unique name="ParameterBlockSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:choice>
+    </xs:group>
+    <xs:complexType name="ParameterBlockType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/README.md b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..243b5c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# parameter-framework configuration file XML Schemas
+
+These are W3C Schemas for the various configuration files.
+
+`xmllint` may be used to check for correctness, e.g:
+
+    xmllint --xinclude --noout --schema ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd /path/to/your/ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xml
+
+See `tools/xmlValidator` for a custom alternative tool.
+
+Only `ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd`, `SystemClass.xsd`, `Subsystem.xsd` and
+`ConfigurableDomains.xsd` are relevant for use with xmllint: the others are
+included by these 4 XSDs.
+
+**You may refer to samples at
+<https://github.com/01org/parameter-framework-samples>.**
+
+## ParameterFrameworkConfiguration.xsd
+
+Schema for the **top-level configuration**.  It contains:
+
+- A reference to the `SystemClass` (aka StructureDescription) XML file (see
+  below);
+- The list of plugins (libraries) to be used. They may be split according to
+the folder they reside in. The `Folder` attribute can either be:
+
+    - an absolute path,
+    - a relative path (relative to the execution directory),
+    - empty.
+
+    In the first two cases, the runtime loader will be asked to explicitely load
+    the libraries found in the specified folder; in the last case (empty string)
+    the runtime loader will search for the library on its own (e.g. on Linux
+    distribution this is usually `/lib`, `/usr/lib` - see `man ld.so`)
+- Optionally, a reference to the `Settings`.
+
+Attributes of `ParameterFrameworkConfiguration` are:
+
+- The `SystemClass` name (for consistency check)
+- `TuningAllowed` (whether the parameter-framework listens for commands)
+- The `ServerPort` bind Address (PATH or TCP port) on which the parameter-framework listens if
+  `TuningAllowed=true`.
+
+## SystemClass.xsd
+
+Schema for the **SystemClass associated with the top-level configuration**.  It
+points to all the "Subsystem" files (see below).
+
+The `Name` attribute of the SystemClass must match the `SystemClass` attribute
+of the top-level configuration file. This name will be the first component of
+all parameters in it, i.e. if its name is "FooBar", its path is `/FooBar`. We
+will use this name in examples below.
+
+## Subsystem.xsd
+
+Schema for all **Subsystem files** (aka Structure files).  These files describe the
+content and structure of the system to be managed by the parameter-framework
+and also indicate which plugin is to be used.
+
+A Subsystem has the following attribute:
+
+- `Name` (self-explanatory); again it is the base component of all parameters
+  inside it; i.e. if its name is "Spam", its path is `/FooBar/Spam`;
+- `Type`, which indicates which SubsystemBuilder is to be used (each plugin can
+  declare one or more SubsystemBuilders); it may be defined as `Virtual`, in
+  which case, no plugin will be used and the parameters won't be synchronized.
+  This is useful for debugging but may also be used for the parameter-framework
+  to act as a configurable settings database;
+- `Mapping` (optional), defines a Mapping to be inherited by all Components in
+  the Subsystem.
+
+A Subsystem *must* contain:
+
+- A `ComponentLibrary`, which may include (using `<xi:include href="xyz.xml"/>`)
+  other files containing a `<ComponentLibrary>` or a `<ComponentTypeSet>` tag.
+- An `InstanceDefinition` which instantiates the parameters and may use
+  ComponentTypes defined in the ComponentLibrary.
+
+## ConfigurableDomains.xsd
+
+Schema for the ConfigurableDomains (aka Settings files).  These files contain
+the rules for applying values to parameters.
+
+Writing this file by hand is painful but it is not intended to be dealt
+with directly: instead, you may use the command-line interface (see
+`remote-process/README.md`) to set the settings and export the resulting
+Settings with the `getDomainsWithSettingsXML` command.
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Subsystem.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Subsystem.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1bfcbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/Subsystem.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--W3C Schema generated by XMLSpy v2007 (http://www.altova.com)-->
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="ComponentLibrary.xsd"/>
+    <xs:complexType name="SubsystemType">
+        <xs:sequence>
+            <xs:element ref="ComponentLibrary"/>
+            <xs:element name="InstanceDefinition">
+                <xs:complexType>
+                    <xs:sequence>
+                        <xs:sequence maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                            <xs:group ref="ParameterBlockGroup"/>
+                        </xs:sequence>
+                    </xs:sequence>
+                </xs:complexType>
+                <xs:unique name="InstanceDefinitionSubElementsUniqueness">
+                    <xs:selector xpath="*"/>
+                    <xs:field xpath="@Name"/>
+                </xs:unique>
+            </xs:element>
+        </xs:sequence>
+        <xs:attributeGroup ref="Nameable"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Type" use="required" type="xs:NMTOKEN"/>
+        <xs:attribute name="Mapping" use="optional" type="xs:string"/>
+    </xs:complexType>
+    <xs:element name="Subsystem" type="SubsystemType">
+        <xs:keyref name="InstanceDefinitionComponentTypeNotFound" refer="ComponentTypeUniqueness">
+            <xs:selector xpath="InstanceDefinition/Component"/>
+            <xs:field xpath="@Type"/>
+        </xs:keyref>
+    </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/SystemClass.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/SystemClass.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d07793e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/SystemClass.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--W3C Schema generated by XMLSpy v2007 (http://www.altova.com)-->
+<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="FileIncluder.xsd"/>
+    <xs:include schemaLocation="Subsystem.xsd"/>
+    <xs:element name="SystemClass">
+        <xs:complexType>
+            <xs:sequence>
+                <xs:choice maxOccurs="unbounded">
+                    <xs:element name="SubsystemInclude" type="FileIncluderType"/>
+                    <xs:element ref="Subsystem"/>
+                </xs:choice>
+            </xs:sequence>
+            <xs:attribute name="Name" type="xs:NMTOKEN" use="required"/>
+        </xs:complexType>
+    </xs:element>
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/W3cXmlAttributes.xsd b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/W3cXmlAttributes.xsd
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f9de1b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/W3cXmlAttributes.xsd
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+<?xml version='1.0'?>
+<xs:schema targetNamespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xml:lang="en">
+
+ <xs:annotation>
+  <xs:documentation>
+   See http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace.html and
+   http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml for information about this namespace.
+
+    This schema document describes the XML namespace, in a form
+    suitable for import by other schema documents.
+
+    Note that local names in this namespace are intended to be defined
+    only by the World Wide Web Consortium or its subgroups.  The
+    following names are currently defined in this namespace and should
+    not be used with conflicting semantics by any Working Group,
+    specification, or document instance:
+
+    base (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose value
+         provides a URI to be used as the base for interpreting any
+         relative URIs in the scope of the element on which it
+         appears; its value is inherited.  This name is reserved
+         by virtue of its definition in the XML Base specification.
+
+    id   (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose value
+         should be interpreted as if declared to be of type ID.
+         The xml:id specification is not yet a W3C Recommendation,
+         but this attribute is included here to facilitate experimentation
+         with the mechanisms it proposes.  Note that it is _not_ included
+         in the specialAttrs attribute group.
+
+    lang (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose value
+         is a language code for the natural language of the content of
+         any element; its value is inherited.  This name is reserved
+         by virtue of its definition in the XML specification.
+
+    space (as an attribute name): denotes an attribute whose
+         value is a keyword indicating what whitespace processing
+         discipline is intended for the content of the element; its
+         value is inherited.  This name is reserved by virtue of its
+         definition in the XML specification.
+
+    Father (in any context at all): denotes Jon Bosak, the chair of
+         the original XML Working Group.  This name is reserved by
+         the following decision of the W3C XML Plenary and
+         XML Coordination groups:
+
+             In appreciation for his vision, leadership and dedication
+             the W3C XML Plenary on this 10th day of February, 2000
+             reserves for Jon Bosak in perpetuity the XML name
+             xml:Father
+  </xs:documentation>
+ </xs:annotation>
+
+ <xs:annotation>
+  <xs:documentation>This schema defines attributes and an attribute group
+        suitable for use by
+        schemas wishing to allow xml:base, xml:lang, xml:space or xml:id
+        attributes on elements they define.
+
+        To enable this, such a schema must import this schema
+        for the XML namespace, e.g. as follows:
+        &lt;schema . . .>
+         . . .
+         &lt;import namespace="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"
+                    schemaLocation="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/xml.xsd"/>
+
+        Subsequently, qualified reference to any of the attributes
+        or the group defined below will have the desired effect, e.g.
+
+        &lt;type . . .>
+         . . .
+         &lt;attributeGroup ref="xml:specialAttrs"/>
+
+         will define a type which will schema-validate an instance
+         element with any of those attributes</xs:documentation>
+ </xs:annotation>
+
+ <xs:annotation>
+  <xs:documentation>In keeping with the XML Schema WG's standard versioning
+   policy, this schema document will persist at
+   http://www.w3.org/2005/08/xml.xsd.
+   At the date of issue it can also be found at
+   http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd.
+   The schema document at that URI may however change in the future,
+   in order to remain compatible with the latest version of XML Schema
+   itself, or with the XML namespace itself.  In other words, if the XML
+   Schema or XML namespaces change, the version of this document at
+   http://www.w3.org/2001/xml.xsd will change
+   accordingly; the version at
+   http://www.w3.org/2005/08/xml.xsd will not change.
+  </xs:documentation>
+ </xs:annotation>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="lang">
+  <xs:annotation>
+   <xs:documentation>Attempting to install the relevant ISO 2- and 3-letter
+         codes as the enumerated possible values is probably never
+         going to be a realistic possibility.  See
+         RFC 3066 at http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt and the IANA registry
+         at http://www.iana.org/assignments/lang-tag-apps.htm for
+         further information.
+
+         The union allows for the 'un-declaration' of xml:lang with
+         the empty string.</xs:documentation>
+  </xs:annotation>
+  <xs:simpleType name="langEnum">
+   <xs:union memberTypes="xs:language">
+    <xs:simpleType>
+     <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
+      <xs:enumeration value=""/>
+     </xs:restriction>
+    </xs:simpleType>
+   </xs:union>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="space">
+  <xs:simpleType name="spaceEnum">
+   <xs:restriction base="xs:NCName">
+    <xs:enumeration value="default"/>
+    <xs:enumeration value="preserve"/>
+   </xs:restriction>
+  </xs:simpleType>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="base" type="xs:anyURI">
+  <xs:annotation>
+   <xs:documentation>See http://www.w3.org/TR/xmlbase/ for
+                     information about this attribute.</xs:documentation>
+  </xs:annotation>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attribute name="id" type="xs:ID">
+  <xs:annotation>
+   <xs:documentation>See http://www.w3.org/TR/xml-id/ for
+                     information about this attribute.</xs:documentation>
+  </xs:annotation>
+ </xs:attribute>
+
+ <xs:attributeGroup name="specialAttrs">
+  <xs:attribute ref="xml:base"/>
+  <xs:attribute ref="xml:lang"/>
+  <xs:attribute ref="xml:space"/>
+ </xs:attributeGroup>
+
+</xs:schema>
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/current.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/current.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c2fb6fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/current.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+// Signature format: 2.0
+package audio.policy.configurable.V1_0 {
+
+  public class Adaptation {
+    ctor public Adaptation();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getOffset();
+    method public void setOffset(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public class BitParameterBlock {
+    ctor public BitParameterBlock();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterType> getBitParameter();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public class BitParameterBlockType {
+    ctor public BitParameterBlockType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType> getBitParameter();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class BitParameterType {
+    ctor public BitParameterType();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getMax();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getPos();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setMax(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setPos(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public class BooleanParameter extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.Parameter {
+    ctor public BooleanParameter();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public class BooleanParameterType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterType {
+    ctor public BooleanParameterType();
+  }
+
+  public class ComponentInstance {
+    ctor public ComponentInstance();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getArrayLength();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public String getType();
+    method public void setArrayLength(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setType(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ComponentType {
+    ctor public ComponentType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock getBitParameterBlock();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter getBooleanParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentInstance getComponent_optional();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType getEnumParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType getFixedPointParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType getFloatingPointParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType getIntegerParameter();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterBlockType getParameterBlock_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter getStringParameter();
+    method public String get_extends();
+    method public void setBitParameterBlock(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock);
+    method public void setBooleanParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter);
+    method public void setComponent_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentInstance);
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setEnumParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType);
+    method public void setFixedPointParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType);
+    method public void setFloatingPointParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType);
+    method public void setIntegerParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setParameterBlock_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterBlockType);
+    method public void setStringParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter);
+    method public void set_extends(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ComponentTypeSetType {
+    ctor public ComponentTypeSetType();
+    method public String getBase();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType getComponentLibrary_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType getComponentTypeSet_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentType getComponentType_optional();
+    method public void setBase(String);
+    method public void setComponentLibrary_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType);
+    method public void setComponentTypeSet_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType);
+    method public void setComponentType_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentType);
+  }
+
+  public class CompoundRuleType {
+    ctor public CompoundRuleType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.CompoundRuleType getCompoundRule_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SelectionCriterionRuleType getSelectionCriterionRule_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.TypeEnum getType();
+    method public void setCompoundRule_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.CompoundRuleType);
+    method public void setSelectionCriterionRule_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SelectionCriterionRuleType);
+    method public void setType(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.TypeEnum);
+  }
+
+  public class ConfigurableDomainType {
+    ctor public ConfigurableDomainType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableElementsType getConfigurableElements();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationsType getConfigurations();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public boolean getSequenceAware();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SettingsType getSettings();
+    method public void setConfigurableElements(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableElementsType);
+    method public void setConfigurations(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationsType);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setSequenceAware(boolean);
+    method public void setSettings(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SettingsType);
+  }
+
+  public class ConfigurableDomains {
+    ctor public ConfigurableDomains();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableDomainType> getConfigurableDomain();
+    method public String getSystemClassName();
+    method public void setSystemClassName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ConfigurableElementSettingsType {
+    ctor public ConfigurableElementSettingsType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType getBitParameter_optional();
+    method public String getPath();
+    method public void setBitParameter_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType);
+    method public void setPath(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ConfigurableElementsType {
+    ctor public ConfigurableElementsType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableElementsType.ConfigurableElement> getConfigurableElement();
+  }
+
+  public static class ConfigurableElementsType.ConfigurableElement {
+    ctor public ConfigurableElementsType.ConfigurableElement();
+    method public String getPath();
+    method public void setPath(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ConfigurationFilePath {
+    ctor public ConfigurationFilePath();
+    method public String getPath();
+    method public void setPath(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ConfigurationsType {
+    ctor public ConfigurationsType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationsType.Configuration> getConfiguration();
+  }
+
+  public static class ConfigurationsType.Configuration {
+    ctor public ConfigurationsType.Configuration();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.CompoundRuleType getCompoundRule();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setCompoundRule(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.CompoundRuleType);
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class EnumParameterType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.Parameter {
+    ctor public EnumParameterType();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType.ValuePair> getValuePair();
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public static class EnumParameterType.ValuePair {
+    ctor public EnumParameterType.ValuePair();
+    method public String getLiteral();
+    method public String getNumerical();
+    method public void setLiteral(String);
+    method public void setNumerical(String);
+  }
+
+  public class FileIncluderType {
+    ctor public FileIncluderType();
+    method public String getPath();
+    method public void setPath(String);
+  }
+
+  public class FixedPointParameterType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.PointParameterType {
+    ctor public FixedPointParameterType();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getFractional();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getIntegral();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public void setFractional(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setIntegral(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public class FloatingPointParameterType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.PointParameterType {
+    ctor public FloatingPointParameterType();
+    method public String getMax();
+    method public String getMin();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public void setMax(String);
+    method public void setMin(String);
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+  }
+
+  public class IntegerParameterType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.Parameter {
+    ctor public IntegerParameterType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LinearAdaptationType getLinearAdaptation();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LogarithmicAdaptation getLogarithmicAdaptation();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getMax();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getMin();
+    method public boolean getSigned();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getSize();
+    method public String getUnit();
+    method public void setLinearAdaptation(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LinearAdaptationType);
+    method public void setLogarithmicAdaptation(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LogarithmicAdaptation);
+    method public void setMax(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setMin(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setSigned(boolean);
+    method public void setSize(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setUnit(String);
+  }
+
+  public enum LangEnum {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LangEnum EMPTY;
+  }
+
+  public class LinearAdaptationType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.Adaptation {
+    ctor public LinearAdaptationType();
+    method public double getSlopeDenominator();
+    method public double getSlopeNumerator();
+    method public void setSlopeDenominator(double);
+    method public void setSlopeNumerator(double);
+  }
+
+  public class LogarithmicAdaptation extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LinearAdaptationType {
+    ctor public LogarithmicAdaptation();
+    method public double getFloorValue();
+    method public double getLogarithmBase();
+    method public void setFloorValue(double);
+    method public void setLogarithmBase(double);
+  }
+
+  public enum MatchesWhenEnum {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.MatchesWhenEnum Excludes;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.MatchesWhenEnum Includes;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.MatchesWhenEnum Is;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.MatchesWhenEnum IsNot;
+  }
+
+  public class Parameter {
+    ctor public Parameter();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getArrayLength();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setArrayLength(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class ParameterBlockType {
+    ctor public ParameterBlockType();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getArrayLength();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock getBitParameterBlock();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter getBooleanParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentInstance getComponent_optional();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType getEnumParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType getFixedPointParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType getFloatingPointParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType getIntegerParameter();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterBlockType getParameterBlock_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter getStringParameter();
+    method public void setArrayLength(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setBitParameterBlock(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock);
+    method public void setBooleanParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter);
+    method public void setComponent_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentInstance);
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setEnumParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType);
+    method public void setFixedPointParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType);
+    method public void setFloatingPointParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType);
+    method public void setIntegerParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setParameterBlock_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterBlockType);
+    method public void setStringParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter);
+  }
+
+  public class ParameterFrameworkConfiguration {
+    ctor public ParameterFrameworkConfiguration();
+    method public String getServerPort();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SettingsConfigurationType getSettingsConfiguration();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationFilePath getStructureDescriptionFileLocation();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemPlugins getSubsystemPlugins();
+    method public String getSystemClassName();
+    method public boolean getTuningAllowed();
+    method public void setServerPort(String);
+    method public void setSettingsConfiguration(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SettingsConfigurationType);
+    method public void setStructureDescriptionFileLocation(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationFilePath);
+    method public void setSubsystemPlugins(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemPlugins);
+    method public void setSystemClassName(String);
+    method public void setTuningAllowed(boolean);
+  }
+
+  public class ParameterType {
+    ctor public ParameterType();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public String getValue();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ValueSpaceEnum getValueSpace();
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setValue(String);
+    method public void setValueSpace(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ValueSpaceEnum);
+  }
+
+  public class PluginFile {
+    ctor public PluginFile();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class PluginLocation {
+    ctor public PluginLocation();
+    method public String getFolder();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.PluginFile> getPlugin();
+    method public void setFolder(String);
+  }
+
+  public class PointParameterType extends audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.Parameter {
+    ctor public PointParameterType();
+    method public String getUnit();
+    method public void setUnit(String);
+  }
+
+  public class SelectionCriterionRuleType {
+    ctor public SelectionCriterionRuleType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.MatchesWhenEnum getMatchesWhen();
+    method public String getSelectionCriterion();
+    method public String getValue();
+    method public void setMatchesWhen(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.MatchesWhenEnum);
+    method public void setSelectionCriterion(String);
+    method public void setValue(String);
+  }
+
+  public class SettingsConfigurationType {
+    ctor public SettingsConfigurationType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationFilePath getConfigurableDomainsFileLocation();
+    method public void setConfigurableDomainsFileLocation(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurationFilePath);
+  }
+
+  public class SettingsType {
+    ctor public SettingsType();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SettingsType.Configuration> getConfiguration();
+  }
+
+  public static class SettingsType.Configuration {
+    ctor public SettingsType.Configuration();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableElementSettingsType> getConfigurableElement();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public enum SpaceEnum {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SpaceEnum _default;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SpaceEnum preserve;
+  }
+
+  public class StringParameter {
+    ctor public StringParameter();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public java.math.BigInteger getMaxLength();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setMaxLength(java.math.BigInteger);
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public class StringParameterType {
+    ctor public StringParameterType();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public String getValue();
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setValue(String);
+  }
+
+  public class SubsystemPlugins {
+    ctor public SubsystemPlugins();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.PluginLocation> getLocation();
+  }
+
+  public class SubsystemType {
+    ctor public SubsystemType();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType getComponentLibrary();
+    method public String getDescription();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemType.InstanceDefinition getInstanceDefinition();
+    method public String getMapping();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public String getType();
+    method public void setComponentLibrary(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType);
+    method public void setDescription(String);
+    method public void setInstanceDefinition(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemType.InstanceDefinition);
+    method public void setMapping(String);
+    method public void setName(String);
+    method public void setType(String);
+  }
+
+  public static class SubsystemType.InstanceDefinition {
+    ctor public SubsystemType.InstanceDefinition();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock getBitParameterBlock();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter getBooleanParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentInstance getComponent_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType getEnumParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType getFixedPointParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType getFloatingPointParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType getIntegerParameter();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterBlockType getParameterBlock_optional();
+    method public audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter getStringParameter();
+    method public void setBitParameterBlock(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock);
+    method public void setBooleanParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter);
+    method public void setComponent_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentInstance);
+    method public void setEnumParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType);
+    method public void setFixedPointParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType);
+    method public void setFloatingPointParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType);
+    method public void setIntegerParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType);
+    method public void setParameterBlock_optional(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterBlockType);
+    method public void setStringParameter(audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter);
+  }
+
+  public class SystemClass {
+    ctor public SystemClass();
+    method public String getName();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemType> getSubsystem();
+    method public java.util.List<audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FileIncluderType> getSubsystemInclude_optional();
+    method public void setName(String);
+  }
+
+  public enum TypeEnum {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.TypeEnum All;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.TypeEnum Any;
+  }
+
+  public enum ValueSpaceEnum {
+    method public String getRawName();
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ValueSpaceEnum Raw;
+    enum_constant public static final audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ValueSpaceEnum Real;
+  }
+
+  public class XmlParser {
+    ctor public XmlParser();
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BitParameterBlock readBitParameterBlock(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.BooleanParameter readBooleanParameter(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType readComponentTypeSetType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ComponentTypeSetType readComponentTypeSetType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableDomainType readConfigurableDomainType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ConfigurableDomains readConfigurableDomains(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.EnumParameterType readEnumParameterType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FixedPointParameterType readFixedPointParameterType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.FloatingPointParameterType readFloatingPointParameterType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.IntegerParameterType readIntegerParameterType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LinearAdaptationType readLinearAdaptationType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.LogarithmicAdaptation readLogarithmicAdaptation(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.ParameterFrameworkConfiguration readParameterFrameworkConfiguration(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.StringParameter readStringParameter(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemPlugins readSubsystemPlugins(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SubsystemType readSubsystemType(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static audio.policy.configurable.V1_0.SystemClass readSystemClass(java.io.InputStream) throws javax.xml.datatype.DatatypeConfigurationException, java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static String readText(org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser) throws java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+    method public static void skip(org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser) throws java.io.IOException, org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;
+  }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/last_current.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/last_current.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/last_current.txt
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/last_removed.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/last_removed.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/last_removed.txt
diff --git a/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/removed.txt b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/removed.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d802177
--- /dev/null
+++ b/audio/policy/1.0/xml/pfw_schemas/api/removed.txt
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+// Signature format: 2.0
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/include/vhal_v2_0/VmsUtils.h b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/include/vhal_v2_0/VmsUtils.h
index d689e62..8ee3c54 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/include/vhal_v2_0/VmsUtils.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/include/vhal_v2_0/VmsUtils.h
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
 std::unique_ptr<VehiclePropValue> createAvailabilityRequest();
 
 // Creates a VehiclePropValue containing a message of type
-// VmsMessageType.AVAILABILITY_REQUEST.
+// VmsMessageType.SUBSCRIPTIONS_REQUEST.
 std::unique_ptr<VehiclePropValue> createSubscriptionsRequest();
 
 // Creates a VehiclePropValue containing a message of type VmsMessageType.DATA.
@@ -202,21 +202,21 @@
 
 // Returns true if the new sequence number is greater than the last seen
 // sequence number.
-bool isSequenceNumberNewer(const VehiclePropValue& subscription_change,
+bool isSequenceNumberNewer(const VehiclePropValue& subscriptions_state,
                            const int last_seen_sequence_number);
 
 // Returns sequence number of the message.
-int32_t getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(const VehiclePropValue& subscription_change);
+int32_t getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(const VehiclePropValue& subscriptions_state);
 
-// Takes a subscription change message and returns the layers that have active
+// Takes a subscriptions state message and returns the layers that have active
 // subscriptions of the layers that are offered by your HAL client/publisher.
 //
-// A publisher can use this function when receiving a subscription change message
-// to determine which layers to publish data on.
+// A publisher can use this function when receiving a subscriptions response or subscriptions
+// change message to determine which layers to publish data on.
 // The caller of this function can optionally decide to not consume these layers
 // if the subscription change has the sequence number less than the last seen
 // sequence number.
-std::vector<VmsLayer> getSubscribedLayers(const VehiclePropValue& subscription_change,
+std::vector<VmsLayer> getSubscribedLayers(const VehiclePropValue& subscriptions_state,
                                           const VmsOffers& offers);
 
 // Takes an availability change message and returns true if the parsed message implies that
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/src/VmsUtils.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/src/VmsUtils.cpp
index d346206..9eba905 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/src/VmsUtils.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/common/src/VmsUtils.cpp
@@ -194,32 +194,35 @@
     return -1;
 }
 
-bool isSequenceNumberNewer(const VehiclePropValue& subscription_change,
+bool isSequenceNumberNewer(const VehiclePropValue& subscriptions_state,
                            const int last_seen_sequence_number) {
-    return (isValidVmsMessage(subscription_change) &&
-            parseMessageType(subscription_change) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE &&
-            subscription_change.value.int32Values.size() > kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex &&
-            subscription_change.value.int32Values[kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex] >
+    return (isValidVmsMessage(subscriptions_state) &&
+            (parseMessageType(subscriptions_state) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE ||
+             parseMessageType(subscriptions_state) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE) &&
+            subscriptions_state.value.int32Values.size() > kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex &&
+            subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex] >
                     last_seen_sequence_number);
 }
 
-int32_t getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(const VehiclePropValue& subscription_change) {
-    if (isValidVmsMessage(subscription_change) &&
-        parseMessageType(subscription_change) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE &&
-        subscription_change.value.int32Values.size() > kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex) {
-        return subscription_change.value.int32Values[kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex];
+int32_t getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(const VehiclePropValue& subscriptions_state) {
+    if (isValidVmsMessage(subscriptions_state) &&
+        (parseMessageType(subscriptions_state) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE ||
+         parseMessageType(subscriptions_state) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE) &&
+        subscriptions_state.value.int32Values.size() > kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex) {
+        return subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex];
     }
     return -1;
 }
 
-std::vector<VmsLayer> getSubscribedLayers(const VehiclePropValue& subscription_change,
+std::vector<VmsLayer> getSubscribedLayers(const VehiclePropValue& subscriptions_state,
                                           const VmsOffers& offers) {
-    if (isValidVmsMessage(subscription_change) &&
-        parseMessageType(subscription_change) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE &&
-        subscription_change.value.int32Values.size() > kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex) {
-        const int32_t num_of_layers = subscription_change.value.int32Values[toInt(
+    if (isValidVmsMessage(subscriptions_state) &&
+        (parseMessageType(subscriptions_state) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE ||
+         parseMessageType(subscriptions_state) == VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE) &&
+        subscriptions_state.value.int32Values.size() > kSubscriptionStateSequenceNumberIndex) {
+        const int32_t num_of_layers = subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[toInt(
                 VmsSubscriptionsStateIntegerValuesIndex::NUMBER_OF_LAYERS)];
-        const int32_t num_of_associated_layers = subscription_change.value.int32Values[toInt(
+        const int32_t num_of_associated_layers = subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[toInt(
                 VmsSubscriptionsStateIntegerValuesIndex ::NUMBER_OF_ASSOCIATED_LAYERS)];
 
         std::unordered_set<VmsLayer, VmsLayer::VmsLayerHashFunction> offered_layers;
@@ -231,9 +234,9 @@
         int current_index = toInt(VmsSubscriptionsStateIntegerValuesIndex::SUBSCRIPTIONS_START);
         // Add all subscribed layers which are offered by the current publisher.
         for (int i = 0; i < num_of_layers; i++) {
-            VmsLayer layer = VmsLayer(subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index],
-                                      subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index + 1],
-                                      subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index + 2]);
+            VmsLayer layer = VmsLayer(subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index],
+                                      subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index + 1],
+                                      subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index + 2]);
             if (offered_layers.find(layer) != offered_layers.end()) {
                 subscribed_layers.push_back(layer);
             }
@@ -243,15 +246,15 @@
         // For this, we need to check if the associated layer has a publisher ID which is
         // same as that of the current publisher.
         for (int i = 0; i < num_of_associated_layers; i++) {
-            VmsLayer layer = VmsLayer(subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index],
-                                      subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index + 1],
-                                      subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index + 2]);
+            VmsLayer layer = VmsLayer(subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index],
+                                      subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index + 1],
+                                      subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index + 2]);
             current_index += kLayerSize;
             if (offered_layers.find(layer) != offered_layers.end()) {
-                int32_t num_of_publisher_ids = subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index];
+                int32_t num_of_publisher_ids = subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index];
                 current_index++;
                 for (int j = 0; j < num_of_publisher_ids; j++) {
-                    if (subscription_change.value.int32Values[current_index] ==
+                    if (subscriptions_state.value.int32Values[current_index] ==
                         offers.publisher_id) {
                         subscribed_layers.push_back(layer);
                     }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/impl/vhal_v2_0/DefaultConfig.h b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/impl/vhal_v2_0/DefaultConfig.h
index 2c5e5cc..2948ecb 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/impl/vhal_v2_0/DefaultConfig.h
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/impl/vhal_v2_0/DefaultConfig.h
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@
                  {
                          .prop = toInt(VehicleProperty::PERF_VEHICLE_SPEED),
                          .access = VehiclePropertyAccess::READ,
-                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::ON_CHANGE,
+                         .changeMode = VehiclePropertyChangeMode::CONTINUOUS,
                          .minSampleRate = 1.0f,
                          .maxSampleRate = 10.0f,
                  },
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/tests/VmsUtils_test.cpp b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/tests/VmsUtils_test.cpp
index 7189212..8b547f1 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/tests/VmsUtils_test.cpp
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/2.0/default/tests/VmsUtils_test.cpp
@@ -214,57 +214,82 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(parsePublisherIdResponse(*message), -1);
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, validSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, validSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsChange) {
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
     message->value.int32Values =
             hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE), 1234};
     EXPECT_EQ(getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(*message), 1234);
 }
 
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, validSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsResponse) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_EQ(getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(*message), 1234);
+}
+
 TEST(VmsUtilsTest, invalidSubscriptionsState) {
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(1);
     EXPECT_EQ(getSequenceNumberForSubscriptionsState(*message), -1);
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForExistingSmallerNumber) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForExistingSmallerNumberForChange) {
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
     message->value.int32Values =
             hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE), 1234};
     EXPECT_TRUE(isSequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1233));
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForExistingGreaterNumber) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForExistingSmallerNumberForResponse) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_TRUE(isSequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1233));
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForExistingGreaterNumberForChange) {
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
     message->value.int32Values =
             hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE), 1234};
     EXPECT_FALSE(isSequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1235));
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForSameNumber) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForExistingGreaterNumberForResponse) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_FALSE(isSequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1235));
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForSameNumberForChange) {
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
     message->value.int32Values =
             hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE), 1234};
     EXPECT_FALSE(isSequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1234));
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayers) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, newSequenceNumberForSameNumberForResponse) {
+    auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
+    message->value.int32Values =
+            hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE), 1234};
+    EXPECT_FALSE(isSequenceNumberNewer(*message, 1234));
+}
+
+void testSubscribedLayers(VmsMessageType type) {
     VmsOffers offers = {123,
                         {VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(1, 0, 1), {VmsLayer(4, 1, 1)}),
                          VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(2, 0, 1))}};
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
-    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE),
+    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(type),
                                                    1234,  // sequence number
                                                    2,     // number of layers
                                                    1,     // number of associated layers
                                                    1,     // layer 1
-                                                   0,
-                                                   1,
+                                                   0,           1,
                                                    4,  // layer 2
-                                                   1,
-                                                   1,
+                                                   1,           1,
                                                    2,  // associated layer
-                                                   0,
-                                                   1,
+                                                   0,           1,
                                                    2,    // number of publisher IDs
                                                    111,  // publisher IDs
                                                    123};
@@ -275,10 +300,18 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(result.at(1), VmsLayer(2, 0, 1));
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentSubtype) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersForChange) {
+    testSubscribedLayers(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersForResponse) {
+    testSubscribedLayers(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE);
+}
+
+void testSubscribedLayersWithDifferentSubtype(VmsMessageType type) {
     VmsOffers offers = {123, {VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(1, 0, 1))}};
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
-    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE),
+    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(type),
                                                    1234,  // sequence number
                                                    1,     // number of layers
                                                    0,     // number of associated layers
@@ -289,36 +322,58 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(getSubscribedLayers(*message, offers).empty());
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentVersion) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentSubtypeForChange) {
+    testSubscribedLayersWithDifferentSubtype(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentSubtypeForResponse) {
+    testSubscribedLayersWithDifferentSubtype(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE);
+}
+
+void subscribedLayersWithDifferentVersion(VmsMessageType type) {
     VmsOffers offers = {123, {VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(1, 0, 1))}};
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
-    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE),
-                                                   1234,  // sequence number
-                                                   1,     // number of layers
-                                                   0,     // number of associated layers
-                                                   1,     // layer 1
-                                                   0,
-                                                   2};  // different version
+    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(type),
+                                                   1234,             // sequence number
+                                                   1,                // number of layers
+                                                   0,                // number of associated layers
+                                                   1,                // layer 1
+                                                   0,           2};  // different version
     EXPECT_TRUE(isValidVmsMessage(*message));
     EXPECT_TRUE(getSubscribedLayers(*message, offers).empty());
 }
 
-TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentPublisherId) {
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentVersionForChange) {
+    subscribedLayersWithDifferentVersion(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentVersionForResponse) {
+    subscribedLayersWithDifferentVersion(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE);
+}
+
+void subscribedLayersWithDifferentPublisherId(VmsMessageType type) {
     VmsOffers offers = {123, {VmsLayerOffering(VmsLayer(1, 0, 1))}};
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
-    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE),
+    message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(type),
                                                    1234,  // sequence number
                                                    0,     // number of layers
                                                    1,     // number of associated layers
                                                    1,     // associated layer 1
-                                                   0,
-                                                   1,
+                                                   0,           1,
                                                    1,     // number of publisher IDs
                                                    234};  // publisher ID 1
     EXPECT_TRUE(isValidVmsMessage(*message));
     EXPECT_TRUE(getSubscribedLayers(*message, offers).empty());
 }
 
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentPublisherIdForChange) {
+    subscribedLayersWithDifferentPublisherId(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_CHANGE);
+}
+
+TEST(VmsUtilsTest, subscribedLayersWithDifferentPublisherIdForResponse) {
+    subscribedLayersWithDifferentPublisherId(VmsMessageType::SUBSCRIPTIONS_RESPONSE);
+}
+
 TEST(VmsUtilsTest, serviceNewlyStarted) {
     auto message = createBaseVmsMessage(2);
     message->value.int32Values = hidl_vec<int32_t>{toInt(VmsMessageType::AVAILABILITY_CHANGE), 0};
diff --git a/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index fa68c4e..f2598a7 100644
--- a/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,6 +19,6 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalBiometricsFaceV1_0TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: ["android.hardware.biometrics.face@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
 
diff --git a/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBiometricsFaceV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBiometricsFaceV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index d3d7387..7ac44a4 100644
--- a/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBiometricsFaceV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/biometrics/face/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBiometricsFaceV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,9 +20,10 @@
 #include <android/hardware/biometrics/face/1.0/IBiometricsFaceClientCallback.h>
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <chrono>
 #include <cstdint>
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@
     // The error passed to the last onError() callback.
     FaceError error;
 
-    // The userId passed to the last onRemoved() callback.
+    // The userId passed to the last callback.
     int32_t userId;
 };
 
@@ -74,24 +75,32 @@
 class FaceCallback : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase<FaceCallbackArgs>,
                      public IBiometricsFaceClientCallback {
   public:
-    Return<void> onEnrollResult(uint64_t, uint32_t, int32_t, uint32_t) override {
-        NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameOnEnrollResult);
+    Return<void> onEnrollResult(uint64_t, uint32_t, int32_t userId, uint32_t) override {
+        FaceCallbackArgs args = {};
+        args.userId = userId;
+        NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameOnEnrollResult, args);
         return Void();
     }
 
-    Return<void> onAuthenticated(uint64_t, uint32_t, int32_t, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) override {
-        NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameOnAuthenticated);
+    Return<void> onAuthenticated(uint64_t, uint32_t, int32_t userId,
+                                 const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) override {
+        FaceCallbackArgs args = {};
+        args.userId = userId;
+        NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameOnAuthenticated, args);
         return Void();
     }
 
-    Return<void> onAcquired(uint64_t, int32_t, FaceAcquiredInfo, int32_t) override {
-        NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameOnAcquired);
+    Return<void> onAcquired(uint64_t, int32_t userId, FaceAcquiredInfo, int32_t) override {
+        FaceCallbackArgs args = {};
+        args.userId = userId;
+        NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameOnAcquired, args);
         return Void();
     }
 
-    Return<void> onError(uint64_t, int32_t, FaceError error, int32_t) override {
+    Return<void> onError(uint64_t, int32_t userId, FaceError error, int32_t) override {
         FaceCallbackArgs args = {};
         args.error = error;
+        args.userId = userId;
         NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameOnError, args);
         return Void();
     }
@@ -103,8 +112,10 @@
         return Void();
     }
 
-    Return<void> onEnumerate(uint64_t, const hidl_vec<uint32_t>&, int32_t) override {
-        NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameOnEnumerate);
+    Return<void> onEnumerate(uint64_t, const hidl_vec<uint32_t>&, int32_t userId) override {
+        FaceCallbackArgs args = {};
+        args.userId = userId;
+        NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameOnEnumerate, args);
         return Void();
     }
 
@@ -114,27 +125,11 @@
     }
 };
 
-// Test environment for the BiometricsFace HAL.
-class FaceHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-  public:
-    // Get the test environment singleton.
-    static FaceHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static FaceHidlEnvironment* instance = new FaceHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IBiometricsFace>(); }
-
-  private:
-    FaceHidlEnvironment() = default;
-};
-
 // Test class for the BiometricsFace HAL.
-class FaceHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class FaceHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
     void SetUp() override {
-        mService = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IBiometricsFace>(
-                FaceHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IBiometricsFace>());
+        mService = IBiometricsFace::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(mService, nullptr);
         mCallback = new FaceCallback();
         mCallback->SetWaitTimeoutDefault(kTimeout);
@@ -157,7 +152,7 @@
 
 // generateChallenge should always return a unique, cryptographically secure,
 // non-zero number.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, GenerateChallengeTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, GenerateChallengeTest) {
     std::map<uint64_t, int> m;
     for (int i = 0; i < kGenerateChallengeIterations; ++i) {
         Return<void> ret =
@@ -172,7 +167,7 @@
 }
 
 // enroll with an invalid (all zeroes) HAT should fail.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, EnrollZeroHatTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, EnrollZeroHatTest) {
     // Filling HAT with zeros
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> token(69);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < 69; i++) {
@@ -185,11 +180,12 @@
     // onError should be called with a meaningful (nonzero) error.
     auto res = mCallback->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameOnError);
     EXPECT_TRUE(res.no_timeout);
+    EXPECT_EQ(kUserId, res.args->userId);
     EXPECT_EQ(FaceError::UNABLE_TO_PROCESS, res.args->error);
 }
 
 // enroll with an invalid HAT should fail.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, EnrollGarbageHatTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, EnrollGarbageHatTest) {
     // Filling HAT with pseudorandom invalid data.
     // Using default seed to make the test reproducible.
     std::mt19937 gen(std::mt19937::default_seed);
@@ -205,11 +201,12 @@
     // onError should be called with a meaningful (nonzero) error.
     auto res = mCallback->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameOnError);
     EXPECT_TRUE(res.no_timeout);
+    EXPECT_EQ(kUserId, res.args->userId);
     EXPECT_EQ(FaceError::UNABLE_TO_PROCESS, res.args->error);
 }
 
 // setFeature with an invalid (all zeros) HAT should fail.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, SetFeatureZeroHatTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, SetFeatureZeroHatTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> token(69);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < 69; i++) {
         token[i] = 0;
@@ -220,7 +217,7 @@
 }
 
 // setFeature with an invalid HAT should fail.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, SetFeatureGarbageHatTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, SetFeatureGarbageHatTest) {
     // Filling HAT with pseudorandom invalid data.
     // Using default seed to make the test reproducible.
     std::mt19937 gen(std::mt19937::default_seed);
@@ -242,16 +239,16 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(res.isOk());
 }
 
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, GetFeatureRequireAttentionTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, GetFeatureRequireAttentionTest) {
     assertGetFeatureFails(mService, 0 /* faceId */, Feature::REQUIRE_ATTENTION);
 }
 
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, GetFeatureRequireDiversityTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, GetFeatureRequireDiversityTest) {
     assertGetFeatureFails(mService, 0 /* faceId */, Feature::REQUIRE_DIVERSITY);
 }
 
 // revokeChallenge should always return within the timeout
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, RevokeChallengeTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, RevokeChallengeTest) {
     auto start = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
     Return<Status> ret = mService->revokeChallenge();
     auto elapsed = std::chrono::system_clock::now() - start;
@@ -260,36 +257,37 @@
 }
 
 // The call to getAuthenticatorId should succeed.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, GetAuthenticatorIdTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, GetAuthenticatorIdTest) {
     Return<void> ret = mService->getAuthenticatorId(
             [](const OptionalUint64& res) { ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, res.status); });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
 // The call to enumerate should succeed.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, EnumerateTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, EnumerateTest) {
     Return<Status> ret = mService->enumerate();
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
     auto res = mCallback->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameOnEnumerate);
+    EXPECT_EQ(kUserId, res.args->userId);
     EXPECT_TRUE(res.no_timeout);
 }
 
 // The call to remove should succeed for any faceId
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, RemoveFaceTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, RemoveFaceTest) {
     // Remove a face
     Return<Status> ret = mService->remove(kFaceId);
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
 }
 
 // Remove should accept 0 to delete all faces
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, RemoveAllFacesTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, RemoveAllFacesTest) {
     // Remove all faces
     Return<Status> ret = mService->remove(0);
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
 }
 
 // Active user should successfully set to a writable location.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, SetActiveUserTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, SetActiveUserTest) {
     // Create an active user
     Return<Status> ret = mService->setActiveUser(2, kFacedataDir);
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
@@ -300,7 +298,7 @@
 }
 
 // Active user should fail to set to an unwritable location.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, SetActiveUserUnwritableTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, SetActiveUserUnwritableTest) {
     // Create an active user to an unwritable location (device root dir)
     Return<Status> ret = mService->setActiveUser(3, "/");
     ASSERT_NE(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
@@ -311,7 +309,7 @@
 }
 
 // Active user should fail to set to a null location.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, SetActiveUserNullTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, SetActiveUserNullTest) {
     // Create an active user to a null location.
     Return<Status> ret = mService->setActiveUser(4, nullptr);
     ASSERT_NE(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
@@ -323,17 +321,18 @@
 
 // Cancel should always return CANCELED from any starting state including
 // the IDLE state.
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, CancelTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, CancelTest) {
     Return<Status> ret = mService->cancel();
     // check that we were able to make an IPC request successfully
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
     auto res = mCallback->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameOnError);
     // make sure callback was invoked within kRevokeChallengeTimeout
     EXPECT_TRUE(res.no_timeout);
+    EXPECT_EQ(kUserId, res.args->userId);
     EXPECT_EQ(FaceError::CANCELED, res.args->error);
 }
 
-TEST_F(FaceHidlTest, OnLockoutChangedTest) {
+TEST_P(FaceHidlTest, OnLockoutChangedTest) {
     // Update active user and ensure onLockoutChanged was called.
     Return<Status> ret = mService->setActiveUser(kUserId + 1, kFacedataDir);
     ASSERT_EQ(Status::OK, static_cast<Status>(ret));
@@ -345,11 +344,7 @@
 
 }  // anonymous namespace
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(FaceHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    FaceHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, FaceHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IBiometricsFace::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.0/default/bluetooth_hci.cc b/bluetooth/1.0/default/bluetooth_hci.cc
index e14e3d7..a2211f4 100644
--- a/bluetooth/1.0/default/bluetooth_hci.cc
+++ b/bluetooth/1.0/default/bluetooth_hci.cc
@@ -89,6 +89,9 @@
         if (!hidl_status.isOk()) {
           ALOGE("VendorInterface -> Unable to call scoDataReceived()");
         }
+      },
+      [cb](const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {
+        ALOGE("VendorInterface -> No callback for ISO packets in HAL V1_0");
       });
   if (!rc) {
     auto hidl_status = cb->initializationComplete(Status::INITIALIZATION_ERROR);
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.0/default/h4_protocol.cc b/bluetooth/1.0/default/h4_protocol.cc
index 98e3273..8c24f76 100644
--- a/bluetooth/1.0/default/h4_protocol.cc
+++ b/bluetooth/1.0/default/h4_protocol.cc
@@ -58,6 +58,9 @@
     case HCI_PACKET_TYPE_SCO_DATA:
       sco_cb_(hci_packetizer_.GetPacket());
       break;
+    case HCI_PACKET_TYPE_ISO_DATA:
+      iso_cb_(hci_packetizer_.GetPacket());
+      break;
     default:
       LOG_ALWAYS_FATAL("%s: Unimplemented packet type %d", __func__,
                        static_cast<int>(hci_packet_type_));
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.0/default/h4_protocol.h b/bluetooth/1.0/default/h4_protocol.h
index 0d0a1ca..0c82fd6 100644
--- a/bluetooth/1.0/default/h4_protocol.h
+++ b/bluetooth/1.0/default/h4_protocol.h
@@ -31,11 +31,12 @@
 class H4Protocol : public HciProtocol {
  public:
   H4Protocol(int fd, PacketReadCallback event_cb, PacketReadCallback acl_cb,
-             PacketReadCallback sco_cb)
+             PacketReadCallback sco_cb, PacketReadCallback iso_cb)
       : uart_fd_(fd),
         event_cb_(event_cb),
         acl_cb_(acl_cb),
         sco_cb_(sco_cb),
+        iso_cb_(iso_cb),
         hci_packetizer_([this]() { OnPacketReady(); }) {}
 
   size_t Send(uint8_t type, const uint8_t* data, size_t length);
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@
   PacketReadCallback event_cb_;
   PacketReadCallback acl_cb_;
   PacketReadCallback sco_cb_;
+  PacketReadCallback iso_cb_;
 
   HciPacketType hci_packet_type_{HCI_PACKET_TYPE_UNKNOWN};
   hci::HciPacketizer hci_packetizer_;
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.0/default/hci_internals.h b/bluetooth/1.0/default/hci_internals.h
index 1e1f300..24e944f 100644
--- a/bluetooth/1.0/default/hci_internals.h
+++ b/bluetooth/1.0/default/hci_internals.h
@@ -24,7 +24,8 @@
   HCI_PACKET_TYPE_COMMAND = 1,
   HCI_PACKET_TYPE_ACL_DATA = 2,
   HCI_PACKET_TYPE_SCO_DATA = 3,
-  HCI_PACKET_TYPE_EVENT = 4
+  HCI_PACKET_TYPE_EVENT = 4,
+  HCI_PACKET_TYPE_ISO_DATA = 5,
 };
 
 // 2 bytes for opcode, 1 byte for parameter length (Volume 2, Part E, 5.4.1)
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.0/default/test/h4_protocol_unittest.cc b/bluetooth/1.0/default/test/h4_protocol_unittest.cc
index ba56c0d..283243d 100644
--- a/bluetooth/1.0/default/test/h4_protocol_unittest.cc
+++ b/bluetooth/1.0/default/test/h4_protocol_unittest.cc
@@ -42,11 +42,15 @@
 static char sample_data1[100] = "A point is that which has no part.";
 static char sample_data2[100] = "A line is breadthless length.";
 static char sample_data3[100] = "The ends of a line are points.";
+static char sample_data4[100] =
+    "A plane surface is a surface which lies evenly with the straight ...";
 static char acl_data[100] =
     "A straight line is a line which lies evenly with the points on itself.";
 static char sco_data[100] =
     "A surface is that which has length and breadth only.";
 static char event_data[100] = "The edges of a surface are lines.";
+static char iso_data[100] =
+    "A plane angle is the inclination to one another of two lines in a ...";
 
 MATCHER_P3(HidlVecMatches, preamble, preamble_length, payload, "") {
   size_t length = strlen(payload) + preamble_length;
@@ -75,9 +79,9 @@
 
     int sockfd[2];
     socketpair(AF_LOCAL, SOCK_STREAM, 0, sockfd);
-    H4Protocol* h4_hci =
-        new H4Protocol(sockfd[0], event_cb_.AsStdFunction(),
-                       acl_cb_.AsStdFunction(), sco_cb_.AsStdFunction());
+    H4Protocol* h4_hci = new H4Protocol(
+        sockfd[0], event_cb_.AsStdFunction(), acl_cb_.AsStdFunction(),
+        sco_cb_.AsStdFunction(), iso_cb_.AsStdFunction());
     fd_watcher_.WatchFdForNonBlockingReads(
         sockfd[0], [h4_hci](int fd) { h4_hci->OnDataReady(fd); });
     protocol_ = h4_hci;
@@ -184,9 +188,35 @@
     }
   }
 
+  void WriteAndExpectInboundIsoData(char* payload) {
+    // h4 type[1] + handle[2] + size[1]
+    char preamble[4] = {HCI_PACKET_TYPE_ISO_DATA, 20, 17, 0};
+    preamble[3] = strlen(payload) & 0xFF;
+
+    ALOGD("%s writing", __func__);
+    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(fake_uart_, preamble, sizeof(preamble)));
+    TEMP_FAILURE_RETRY(write(fake_uart_, payload, strlen(payload)));
+
+    ALOGD("%s waiting", __func__);
+    std::mutex mutex;
+    std::condition_variable done;
+    EXPECT_CALL(iso_cb_, Call(HidlVecMatches(preamble + 1, sizeof(preamble) - 1,
+                                             payload)))
+        .WillOnce(Notify(&mutex, &done));
+
+    // Fail if it takes longer than 100 ms.
+    auto timeout_time =
+        std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + std::chrono::milliseconds(100);
+    {
+      std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mutex);
+      done.wait_until(lock, timeout_time);
+    }
+  }
+
   testing::MockFunction<void(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&)> event_cb_;
   testing::MockFunction<void(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&)> acl_cb_;
   testing::MockFunction<void(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&)> sco_cb_;
+  testing::MockFunction<void(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&)> iso_cb_;
   async::AsyncFdWatcher fd_watcher_;
   H4Protocol* protocol_;
   int fake_uart_;
@@ -197,6 +227,7 @@
   SendAndReadUartOutbound(HCI_PACKET_TYPE_COMMAND, sample_data1);
   SendAndReadUartOutbound(HCI_PACKET_TYPE_ACL_DATA, sample_data2);
   SendAndReadUartOutbound(HCI_PACKET_TYPE_SCO_DATA, sample_data3);
+  SendAndReadUartOutbound(HCI_PACKET_TYPE_ISO_DATA, sample_data4);
 }
 
 // Ensure we properly parse data coming from the UART
@@ -204,6 +235,7 @@
   WriteAndExpectInboundAclData(acl_data);
   WriteAndExpectInboundScoData(sco_data);
   WriteAndExpectInboundEvent(event_data);
+  WriteAndExpectInboundIsoData(iso_data);
 }
 
 }  // namespace implementation
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.0/default/vendor_interface.cc b/bluetooth/1.0/default/vendor_interface.cc
index d56e344..d809313 100644
--- a/bluetooth/1.0/default/vendor_interface.cc
+++ b/bluetooth/1.0/default/vendor_interface.cc
@@ -162,14 +162,14 @@
 bool VendorInterface::Initialize(
     InitializeCompleteCallback initialize_complete_cb,
     PacketReadCallback event_cb, PacketReadCallback acl_cb,
-    PacketReadCallback sco_cb) {
+    PacketReadCallback sco_cb, PacketReadCallback iso_cb) {
   if (g_vendor_interface) {
     ALOGE("%s: No previous Shutdown()?", __func__);
     return false;
   }
   g_vendor_interface = new VendorInterface();
   return g_vendor_interface->Open(initialize_complete_cb, event_cb, acl_cb,
-                                  sco_cb);
+                                  sco_cb, iso_cb);
 }
 
 void VendorInterface::Shutdown() {
@@ -185,7 +185,8 @@
 bool VendorInterface::Open(InitializeCompleteCallback initialize_complete_cb,
                            PacketReadCallback event_cb,
                            PacketReadCallback acl_cb,
-                           PacketReadCallback sco_cb) {
+                           PacketReadCallback sco_cb,
+                           PacketReadCallback iso_cb) {
   initialize_complete_cb_ = initialize_complete_cb;
 
   // Initialize vendor interface
@@ -248,7 +249,7 @@
 
   if (fd_count == 1) {
     hci::H4Protocol* h4_hci =
-        new hci::H4Protocol(fd_list[0], intercept_events, acl_cb, sco_cb);
+        new hci::H4Protocol(fd_list[0], intercept_events, acl_cb, sco_cb, iso_cb);
     fd_watcher_.WatchFdForNonBlockingReads(
         fd_list[0], [h4_hci](int fd) { h4_hci->OnDataReady(fd); });
     hci_ = h4_hci;
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.0/default/vendor_interface.h b/bluetooth/1.0/default/vendor_interface.h
index 1d69040..040f31a 100644
--- a/bluetooth/1.0/default/vendor_interface.h
+++ b/bluetooth/1.0/default/vendor_interface.h
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
  public:
   static bool Initialize(InitializeCompleteCallback initialize_complete_cb,
                          PacketReadCallback event_cb, PacketReadCallback acl_cb,
-                         PacketReadCallback sco_cb);
+                         PacketReadCallback sco_cb, PacketReadCallback iso_cb);
   static void Shutdown();
   static VendorInterface* get();
 
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 
   bool Open(InitializeCompleteCallback initialize_complete_cb,
             PacketReadCallback event_cb, PacketReadCallback acl_cb,
-            PacketReadCallback sco_cb);
+            PacketReadCallback sco_cb, PacketReadCallback iso_cb);
   void Close();
 
   void OnTimeout();
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 54039e5..cf25cc8 100644
--- a/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -22,5 +22,8 @@
         "android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0",
         "libbluetooth-types",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index beb9a3e..ef02eff 100644
--- a/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -24,8 +24,9 @@
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <chrono>
 #include <queue>
@@ -137,30 +138,12 @@
   std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point start_time_;
 };
 
-// Test environment for Bluetooth HIDL HAL.
-class BluetoothHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
- public:
-  // get the test environment singleton
-  static BluetoothHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-    static BluetoothHidlEnvironment* instance = new BluetoothHidlEnvironment;
-    return instance;
-  }
-
-  virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-    registerTestService<IBluetoothHci>();
-  }
-
- private:
-  BluetoothHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Bluetooth HIDL HAL.
-class BluetoothHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class BluetoothHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
  public:
   virtual void SetUp() override {
     // currently test passthrough mode only
-    bluetooth =
-        ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IBluetoothHci>();
+    bluetooth = IBluetoothHci::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(bluetooth, nullptr);
     ALOGI("%s: getService() for bluetooth is %s", __func__,
           bluetooth->isRemote() ? "remote" : "local");
@@ -617,10 +600,10 @@
 }
 
 // Empty test: Initialize()/Close() are called in SetUp()/TearDown().
-TEST_F(BluetoothHidlTest, InitializeAndClose) {}
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, InitializeAndClose) {}
 
 // Send an HCI Reset with sendHciCommand and wait for a command complete event.
-TEST_F(BluetoothHidlTest, HciReset) {
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, HciReset) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> cmd = COMMAND_HCI_RESET;
   bluetooth->sendHciCommand(cmd);
 
@@ -628,7 +611,7 @@
 }
 
 // Read and check the HCI version of the controller.
-TEST_F(BluetoothHidlTest, HciVersionTest) {
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, HciVersionTest) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> cmd = COMMAND_HCI_READ_LOCAL_VERSION_INFORMATION;
   bluetooth->sendHciCommand(cmd);
 
@@ -649,7 +632,7 @@
 }
 
 // Send an unknown HCI command and wait for the error message.
-TEST_F(BluetoothHidlTest, HciUnknownCommand) {
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, HciUnknownCommand) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> cmd = COMMAND_HCI_SHOULD_BE_UNKNOWN;
   bluetooth->sendHciCommand(cmd);
 
@@ -676,14 +659,14 @@
 }
 
 // Enter loopback mode, but don't send any packets.
-TEST_F(BluetoothHidlTest, WriteLoopbackMode) {
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, WriteLoopbackMode) {
   std::vector<uint16_t> sco_connection_handles;
   std::vector<uint16_t> acl_connection_handles;
   enterLoopbackMode(sco_connection_handles, acl_connection_handles);
 }
 
 // Enter loopback mode and send single packets.
-TEST_F(BluetoothHidlTest, LoopbackModeSinglePackets) {
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, LoopbackModeSinglePackets) {
   setBufferSizes();
 
   std::vector<uint16_t> sco_connection_handles;
@@ -720,7 +703,7 @@
 }
 
 // Enter loopback mode and send packets for bandwidth measurements.
-TEST_F(BluetoothHidlTest, LoopbackModeBandwidth) {
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, LoopbackModeBandwidth) {
   setBufferSizes();
 
   std::vector<uint16_t> sco_connection_handles;
@@ -758,11 +741,8 @@
   }
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-  ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(BluetoothHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-  BluetoothHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-  int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-  ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-  return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+    PerInstance, BluetoothHidlTest,
+    testing::ValuesIn(
+        android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IBluetoothHci::descriptor)),
+    android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.1/Android.bp b/bluetooth/1.1/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4204aed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
+
+hidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1",
+    root: "android.hardware",
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
+    srcs: [
+        "IBluetoothHci.hal",
+        "IBluetoothHciCallbacks.hal",
+    ],
+    interfaces: [
+        "android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+    ],
+    gen_java: true,
+}
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHci.hal b/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHci.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f69c6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHci.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1;
+
+import @1.0::HciPacket;
+import @1.0::IBluetoothHci;
+import IBluetoothHciCallbacks;
+
+/**
+ * The Host Controller Interface (HCI) is the layer defined by the Bluetooth
+ * specification between the software that runs on the host and the Bluetooth
+ * controller chip. This boundary is the natural choice for a Hardware
+ * Abstraction Layer (HAL). Dealing only in HCI packets and events simplifies
+ * the stack and abstracts away power management, initialization, and other
+ * implementation-specific details related to the hardware.
+ */
+interface IBluetoothHci extends @1.0::IBluetoothHci {
+    /**
+     * Same as @1.0, but uses 1.1 Callbacks version
+     */
+    initialize_1_1(@1.1::IBluetoothHciCallbacks callback);
+
+    /**
+     * Send an ISO data packet (as specified in the Bluetooth Specification
+     * V6.0) to the Bluetooth controller.
+     * Packets must be processed in order.
+     * @param data HCI data packet to be sent
+     */
+    sendIsoData(HciPacket data);
+};
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHciCallbacks.hal b/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHciCallbacks.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..62cbe45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHciCallbacks.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1;
+
+import @1.0::HciPacket;
+import @1.0::IBluetoothHciCallbacks;
+
+/**
+ * The interface from the Bluetooth Controller to the stack.
+ */
+interface IBluetoothHciCallbacks extends @1.0::IBluetoothHciCallbacks {
+    /**
+     * Send a ISO data packet form the controller to the host.
+     * @param data the ISO HCI packet to be passed to the host stack
+     */
+    isoDataReceived(HciPacket data);
+};
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.1/default/Android.bp b/bluetooth/1.1/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f7fecb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1-service",
+    defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    vendor: true,
+    init_rc: ["android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1-service.rc"],
+    srcs: [
+        "service.cpp",
+        "bluetooth_hci.cc",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "liblog",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libdl",
+        "libbase",
+        "libutils",
+        "libhardware",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0-impl",
+        "android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1",
+    ],
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.bluetooth-hci",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.1/default/OWNERS b/bluetooth/1.1/default/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c01df6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/default/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+zachoverflow@google.com
+mylesgw@google.com
+jpawlowski@google.com
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.1/default/android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1-service.rc b/bluetooth/1.1/default/android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1-service.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49f0be3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/default/android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1-service.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+service vendor.bluetooth-1-1 /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1-service
+    interface android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1::IBluetoothHci default
+    interface android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0::IBluetoothHci default
+    class hal
+    capabilities BLOCK_SUSPEND NET_ADMIN SYS_NICE
+    user bluetooth
+    group bluetooth
+    writepid /dev/stune/foreground/tasks
+
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.1/default/bluetooth_hci.cc b/bluetooth/1.1/default/bluetooth_hci.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ccce80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/default/bluetooth_hci.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2016 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1-impl"
+#include "bluetooth_hci.h"
+
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include "vendor_interface.h"
+
+using android::hardware::bluetooth::V1_0::implementation::VendorInterface;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace bluetooth {
+namespace V1_1 {
+namespace implementation {
+
+static const uint8_t HCI_DATA_TYPE_COMMAND = 1;
+static const uint8_t HCI_DATA_TYPE_ACL = 2;
+static const uint8_t HCI_DATA_TYPE_SCO = 3;
+static const uint8_t HCI_DATA_TYPE_ISO = 5;
+
+class BluetoothDeathRecipient : public hidl_death_recipient {
+ public:
+  BluetoothDeathRecipient(const sp<IBluetoothHci> hci) : mHci(hci) {}
+
+  virtual void serviceDied(
+      uint64_t /*cookie*/,
+      const wp<::android::hidl::base::V1_0::IBase>& /*who*/) {
+    ALOGE("BluetoothDeathRecipient::serviceDied - Bluetooth service died");
+    has_died_ = true;
+    mHci->close();
+  }
+  sp<IBluetoothHci> mHci;
+  bool getHasDied() const { return has_died_; }
+  void setHasDied(bool has_died) { has_died_ = has_died; }
+
+ private:
+  bool has_died_;
+};
+
+BluetoothHci::BluetoothHci()
+    : death_recipient_(new BluetoothDeathRecipient(this)) {}
+
+Return<void> BluetoothHci::initialize_1_1(
+    const ::android::sp<V1_1::IBluetoothHciCallbacks>& cb) {
+  ALOGI("BluetoothHci::initialize_1_1()");
+  if (cb == nullptr) {
+    ALOGE("cb == nullptr! -> Unable to call initializationComplete(ERR)");
+    return Void();
+  }
+
+  death_recipient_->setHasDied(false);
+  cb->linkToDeath(death_recipient_, 0);
+
+  bool rc = VendorInterface::Initialize(
+      [cb](bool status) {
+        auto hidl_status = cb->initializationComplete(
+            status ? V1_0::Status::SUCCESS
+                   : V1_0::Status::INITIALIZATION_ERROR);
+        if (!hidl_status.isOk()) {
+          ALOGE("VendorInterface -> Unable to call initializationComplete()");
+        }
+      },
+      [cb](const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& packet) {
+        auto hidl_status = cb->hciEventReceived(packet);
+        if (!hidl_status.isOk()) {
+          ALOGE("VendorInterface -> Unable to call hciEventReceived()");
+        }
+      },
+      [cb](const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& packet) {
+        auto hidl_status = cb->aclDataReceived(packet);
+        if (!hidl_status.isOk()) {
+          ALOGE("VendorInterface -> Unable to call aclDataReceived()");
+        }
+      },
+      [cb](const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& packet) {
+        auto hidl_status = cb->scoDataReceived(packet);
+        if (!hidl_status.isOk()) {
+          ALOGE("VendorInterface -> Unable to call scoDataReceived()");
+        }
+      },
+      [cb](const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& packet) {
+        auto hidl_status = cb->isoDataReceived(packet);
+        if (!hidl_status.isOk()) {
+          ALOGE("VendorInterface -> Unable to call isoDataReceived()");
+        }
+      });
+  if (!rc) {
+    auto hidl_status =
+        cb->initializationComplete(V1_0::Status::INITIALIZATION_ERROR);
+    if (!hidl_status.isOk()) {
+      ALOGE("VendorInterface -> Unable to call initializationComplete(ERR)");
+    }
+  }
+
+  unlink_cb_ = [cb](sp<BluetoothDeathRecipient>& death_recipient) {
+    if (death_recipient->getHasDied())
+      ALOGI("Skipping unlink call, service died.");
+    else
+      cb->unlinkToDeath(death_recipient);
+  };
+
+  return Void();
+}
+
+class OldCbWrapper : public V1_1::IBluetoothHciCallbacks {
+ public:
+  const ::android::sp<V1_0::IBluetoothHciCallbacks> old_cb_;
+  OldCbWrapper(const ::android::sp<V1_0::IBluetoothHciCallbacks>& old_cb)
+      : old_cb_(old_cb) {}
+
+  virtual ~OldCbWrapper() = default;
+
+  Return<void> initializationComplete(V1_0::Status status) override {
+    return old_cb_->initializationComplete(status);
+  };
+
+  Return<void> hciEventReceived(
+      const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t>& event) override {
+    return old_cb_->hciEventReceived(event);
+  };
+
+  Return<void> aclDataReceived(
+      const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) override {
+    return old_cb_->aclDataReceived(data);
+  };
+
+  Return<void> scoDataReceived(
+      const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) override {
+    return old_cb_->scoDataReceived(data);
+  };
+
+  Return<void> isoDataReceived(
+      const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) override {
+    ALOGE("Please use HAL V1_1 for ISO.");
+    return Void();
+  };
+};
+
+Return<void> BluetoothHci::initialize(
+    const ::android::sp<V1_0::IBluetoothHciCallbacks>& cb) {
+  ALOGE("Using initialize from HAL V1_0 instead of initialize_1_1.");
+  return initialize_1_1(new OldCbWrapper(cb));
+}
+
+Return<void> BluetoothHci::close() {
+  ALOGI("BluetoothHci::close()");
+  unlink_cb_(death_recipient_);
+  VendorInterface::Shutdown();
+  return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> BluetoothHci::sendHciCommand(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& command) {
+  sendDataToController(HCI_DATA_TYPE_COMMAND, command);
+  return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> BluetoothHci::sendAclData(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) {
+  sendDataToController(HCI_DATA_TYPE_ACL, data);
+  return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> BluetoothHci::sendScoData(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) {
+  sendDataToController(HCI_DATA_TYPE_SCO, data);
+  return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> BluetoothHci::sendIsoData(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) {
+  sendDataToController(HCI_DATA_TYPE_ISO, data);
+  return Void();
+}
+
+void BluetoothHci::sendDataToController(const uint8_t type,
+                                        const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) {
+  VendorInterface::get()->Send(type, data.data(), data.size());
+}
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace V1_1
+}  // namespace bluetooth
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.1/default/bluetooth_hci.h b/bluetooth/1.1/default/bluetooth_hci.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f59cb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/default/bluetooth_hci.h
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef HIDL_GENERATED_android_hardware_bluetooth_V1_1_BluetoothHci_H_
+#define HIDL_GENERATED_android_hardware_bluetooth_V1_1_BluetoothHci_H_
+
+#include <android/hardware/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHci.h>
+#include <android/hardware/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHciCallbacks.h>
+
+#include <hidl/MQDescriptor.h>
+
+#include <functional>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace bluetooth {
+namespace V1_1 {
+namespace implementation {
+
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+
+class BluetoothDeathRecipient;
+
+class BluetoothHci : public V1_1::IBluetoothHci {
+ public:
+  BluetoothHci();
+  Return<void> initialize(
+      const ::android::sp<V1_0::IBluetoothHciCallbacks>& cb) override;
+  Return<void> initialize_1_1(
+      const ::android::sp<V1_1::IBluetoothHciCallbacks>& cb) override;
+  Return<void> sendHciCommand(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& packet) override;
+  Return<void> sendAclData(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) override;
+  Return<void> sendScoData(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) override;
+  Return<void> sendIsoData(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) override;
+  Return<void> close() override;
+
+ private:
+  void sendDataToController(const uint8_t type, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data);
+  ::android::sp<BluetoothDeathRecipient> death_recipient_;
+  std::function<void(sp<BluetoothDeathRecipient>&)> unlink_cb_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace V1_1
+}  // namespace bluetooth
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // HIDL_GENERATED_android_hardware_bluetooth_V1_1_BluetoothHci_H_
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.1/default/service.cpp b/bluetooth/1.1/default/service.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..affa855
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/default/service.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+#define LOG_TAG "android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1-service"
+
+#include <android/hardware/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHci.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
+
+#include "bluetooth_hci.h"
+
+// Generated HIDL files
+using android::hardware::bluetooth::V1_1::IBluetoothHci;
+using android::hardware::bluetooth::V1_1::implementation::BluetoothHci;
+
+using android::sp;
+using android::status_t;
+
+int main() {
+  ::android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool(1 /*threads*/, true /*willJoin*/);
+
+  sp bluetoothHci = new BluetoothHci();
+  const status_t status = bluetoothHci->registerAsService();
+  if (status != ::android::OK) {
+    ALOGE("Cannot register Bluetooth HAL service");
+    return 1;  // or handle error
+  }
+
+  ::android::hardware::joinRpcThreadpool();
+  return 1;  // joinRpcThreadpool should never return
+}
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.1/vts/OWNERS b/bluetooth/1.1/vts/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ff6fd93
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/vts/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+zachoverflow@google.com
+siyuanh@google.com
+mylesgw@google.com
+jpawlowski@google.com
+hsz@google.com
+
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/bluetooth/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
similarity index 65%
copy from vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
copy to bluetooth/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 202a824..8d6d749 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -15,19 +15,13 @@
 //
 
 cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest",
+    name: "VtsHalBluetoothV1_1TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
-    srcs: ["VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest.cpp"],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalBluetoothV1_1TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.3",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.4",
+        "android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.bluetooth@1.0",
+        "libbluetooth-types",
     ],
-    test_suites: [
-        "general-tests",
-        "vts-core",
-    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
-
diff --git a/bluetooth/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothV1_1TargetTest.cpp b/bluetooth/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothV1_1TargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..659b2c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bluetooth/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothV1_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,760 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "bluetooth_hidl_hal_test"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/bluetooth/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHci.h>
+#include <android/hardware/bluetooth/1.1/IBluetoothHciCallbacks.h>
+#include <hardware/bluetooth.h>
+#include <utils/Log.h>
+
+#include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <queue>
+#include <thread>
+
+using ::android::sp;
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_death_recipient;
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::Void;
+using ::android::hardware::bluetooth::V1_0::Status;
+using ::android::hardware::bluetooth::V1_1::IBluetoothHci;
+using ::android::hardware::bluetooth::V1_1::IBluetoothHciCallbacks;
+
+#define HCI_MINIMUM_HCI_VERSION 5  // Bluetooth Core Specification 3.0 + HS
+#define HCI_MINIMUM_LMP_VERSION 5  // Bluetooth Core Specification 3.0 + HS
+#define NUM_HCI_COMMANDS_BANDWIDTH 1000
+#define NUM_SCO_PACKETS_BANDWIDTH 1000
+#define NUM_ACL_PACKETS_BANDWIDTH 1000
+#define WAIT_FOR_INIT_TIMEOUT std::chrono::milliseconds(2000)
+#define WAIT_FOR_HCI_EVENT_TIMEOUT std::chrono::milliseconds(2000)
+#define WAIT_FOR_SCO_DATA_TIMEOUT std::chrono::milliseconds(1000)
+#define WAIT_FOR_ACL_DATA_TIMEOUT std::chrono::milliseconds(1000)
+#define INTERFACE_CLOSE_DELAY_MS std::chrono::milliseconds(200)
+
+#define COMMAND_HCI_SHOULD_BE_UNKNOWN \
+  { 0xff, 0x3B, 0x08, 0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07 }
+#define COMMAND_HCI_READ_LOCAL_VERSION_INFORMATION \
+  { 0x01, 0x10, 0x00 }
+#define COMMAND_HCI_READ_BUFFER_SIZE \
+  { 0x05, 0x10, 0x00 }
+#define COMMAND_HCI_WRITE_LOOPBACK_MODE_LOCAL \
+  { 0x02, 0x18, 0x01, 0x01 }
+#define COMMAND_HCI_RESET \
+  { 0x03, 0x0c, 0x00 }
+#define COMMAND_HCI_WRITE_LOCAL_NAME \
+  { 0x13, 0x0c, 0xf8 }
+#define HCI_STATUS_SUCCESS 0x00
+#define HCI_STATUS_UNKNOWN_HCI_COMMAND 0x01
+
+#define EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE 0x03
+#define EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE 0x0e
+#define EVENT_COMMAND_STATUS 0x0f
+#define EVENT_NUMBER_OF_COMPLETED_PACKETS 0x13
+#define EVENT_LOOPBACK_COMMAND 0x19
+
+#define EVENT_CODE_BYTE 0
+#define EVENT_LENGTH_BYTE 1
+#define EVENT_FIRST_PAYLOAD_BYTE 2
+#define EVENT_COMMAND_STATUS_STATUS_BYTE 2
+#define EVENT_COMMAND_STATUS_ALLOWED_PACKETS_BYTE 3
+#define EVENT_COMMAND_STATUS_OPCODE_LSBYTE 4  // Bytes 4 and 5
+#define EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_ALLOWED_PACKETS_BYTE 2
+#define EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE 3  // Bytes 3 and 4
+#define EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE 5
+#define EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_FIRST_PARAM_BYTE 6
+#define EVENT_LOCAL_HCI_VERSION_BYTE EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_FIRST_PARAM_BYTE
+#define EVENT_LOCAL_LMP_VERSION_BYTE EVENT_LOCAL_HCI_VERSION_BYTE + 3
+
+#define EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_PARAM_LENGTH 11
+#define EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_TYPE 11
+#define EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_TYPE_SCO 0
+#define EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_TYPE_ACL 1
+#define EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_HANDLE_LSBYTE 3
+#define EVENT_COMMAND_STATUS_LENGTH 4
+
+#define EVENT_NUMBER_OF_COMPLETED_PACKETS_NUM_HANDLES 2
+
+#define ACL_BROADCAST_FLAG_OFFSET 6
+#define ACL_BROADCAST_FLAG_POINT_TO_POINT 0x0
+#define ACL_BROADCAST_POINT_TO_POINT \
+  (ACL_BROADCAST_FLAG_POINT_TO_POINT << ACL_BROADCAST_FLAG_OFFSET)
+
+#define ACL_PACKET_BOUNDARY_FLAG_OFFSET 4
+#define ACL_PACKET_BOUNDARY_FLAG_FIRST_AUTO_FLUSHABLE 0x2
+#define ACL_PACKET_BOUNDARY_FIRST_AUTO_FLUSHABLE \
+  (ACL_PACKET_BOUNDARY_FLAG_FIRST_AUTO_FLUSHABLE \
+   << ACL_PACKET_BOUNDARY_FLAG_OFFSET)
+
+// To be removed in VTS release builds
+#define ACL_HANDLE_QCA_DEBUG_MESSAGE 0xedc
+
+constexpr char kCallbackNameAclEventReceived[] = "aclDataReceived";
+constexpr char kCallbackNameHciEventReceived[] = "hciEventReceived";
+constexpr char kCallbackNameInitializationComplete[] = "initializationComplete";
+constexpr char kCallbackNameScoEventReceived[] = "scoDataReceived";
+constexpr char kCallbackNameIsoEventReceived[] = "isoDataReceived";
+
+class ThroughputLogger {
+ public:
+  ThroughputLogger(std::string task)
+      : task_(task), start_time_(std::chrono::steady_clock::now()) {}
+
+  ~ThroughputLogger() {
+    if (total_bytes_ == 0) return;
+    std::chrono::duration<double> duration =
+        std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - start_time_;
+    double s = duration.count();
+    if (s == 0) return;
+    double rate_kb = (static_cast<double>(total_bytes_) / s) / 1024;
+    ALOGD("%s %.1f KB/s (%zu bytes in %.3fs)", task_.c_str(), rate_kb,
+          total_bytes_, s);
+  }
+
+  void setTotalBytes(size_t total_bytes) { total_bytes_ = total_bytes; }
+
+ private:
+  size_t total_bytes_;
+  std::string task_;
+  std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point start_time_;
+};
+
+// The main test class for Bluetooth HIDL HAL.
+class BluetoothHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+ public:
+  virtual void SetUp() override {
+    // currently test passthrough mode only
+    bluetooth = IBluetoothHci::getService(GetParam());
+    ASSERT_NE(bluetooth, nullptr);
+    ALOGI("%s: getService() for bluetooth is %s", __func__,
+          bluetooth->isRemote() ? "remote" : "local");
+
+    bluetooth_hci_death_recipient = new BluetoothHciDeathRecipient();
+    ASSERT_NE(bluetooth_hci_death_recipient, nullptr);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+        bluetooth->linkToDeath(bluetooth_hci_death_recipient, 0).isOk());
+
+    bluetooth_cb = new BluetoothHciCallbacks(*this);
+    ASSERT_NE(bluetooth_cb, nullptr);
+
+    max_acl_data_packet_length = 0;
+    max_sco_data_packet_length = 0;
+    max_acl_data_packets = 0;
+    max_sco_data_packets = 0;
+
+    initialized = false;
+    event_cb_count = 0;
+    acl_cb_count = 0;
+    sco_cb_count = 0;
+
+    ASSERT_FALSE(initialized);
+    // Should not be checked in production code
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bluetooth->initialize(bluetooth_cb).isOk());
+
+    bluetooth_cb->SetWaitTimeout(kCallbackNameInitializationComplete,
+                                 WAIT_FOR_INIT_TIMEOUT);
+    bluetooth_cb->SetWaitTimeout(kCallbackNameHciEventReceived,
+                                 WAIT_FOR_HCI_EVENT_TIMEOUT);
+    bluetooth_cb->SetWaitTimeout(kCallbackNameAclEventReceived,
+                                 WAIT_FOR_ACL_DATA_TIMEOUT);
+    bluetooth_cb->SetWaitTimeout(kCallbackNameScoEventReceived,
+                                 WAIT_FOR_SCO_DATA_TIMEOUT);
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(
+        bluetooth_cb->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameInitializationComplete)
+            .no_timeout);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(initialized);
+  }
+
+  virtual void TearDown() override {
+    ALOGI("TearDown");
+    // Should not be checked in production code
+    ASSERT_TRUE(bluetooth->close().isOk());
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(INTERFACE_CLOSE_DELAY_MS);
+    handle_no_ops();
+    EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(0), event_queue.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(0), sco_queue.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(0), acl_queue.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<size_t>(0), iso_queue.size());
+  }
+
+  void setBufferSizes();
+
+  // Functions called from within tests in loopback mode
+  void sendAndCheckHCI(int num_packets);
+  void sendAndCheckSCO(int num_packets, size_t size, uint16_t handle);
+  void sendAndCheckACL(int num_packets, size_t size, uint16_t handle);
+
+  // Helper functions to try to get a handle on verbosity
+  void enterLoopbackMode(std::vector<uint16_t>* sco_handles,
+                         std::vector<uint16_t>* acl_handles);
+  void handle_no_ops();
+  void wait_for_event(bool timeout_is_error);
+  void wait_for_command_complete_event(hidl_vec<uint8_t> cmd);
+  int wait_for_completed_packets_event(uint16_t handle);
+
+  class BluetoothHciDeathRecipient : public hidl_death_recipient {
+   public:
+    void serviceDied(
+        uint64_t /*cookie*/,
+        const android::wp<::android::hidl::base::V1_0::IBase>& /*who*/)
+        override {
+      FAIL();
+    }
+  };
+
+  // A simple test implementation of BluetoothHciCallbacks.
+  class BluetoothHciCallbacks
+      : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase<BluetoothHidlTest>,
+        public IBluetoothHciCallbacks {
+    BluetoothHidlTest& parent_;
+
+   public:
+    BluetoothHciCallbacks(BluetoothHidlTest& parent) : parent_(parent){};
+
+    virtual ~BluetoothHciCallbacks() = default;
+
+    Return<void> initializationComplete(Status status) override {
+      parent_.initialized = (status == Status::SUCCESS);
+      NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameInitializationComplete);
+      ALOGV("%s (status = %d)", __func__, static_cast<int>(status));
+      return Void();
+    };
+
+    Return<void> hciEventReceived(
+        const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t>& event) override {
+      parent_.event_cb_count++;
+      parent_.event_queue.push(event);
+      NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameHciEventReceived);
+      ALOGV("Event received (length = %d)", static_cast<int>(event.size()));
+      return Void();
+    };
+
+    Return<void> aclDataReceived(
+        const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) override {
+      parent_.acl_cb_count++;
+      parent_.acl_queue.push(data);
+      NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameAclEventReceived);
+      return Void();
+    };
+
+    Return<void> scoDataReceived(
+        const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) override {
+      parent_.sco_cb_count++;
+      parent_.sco_queue.push(data);
+      NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameScoEventReceived);
+      return Void();
+    };
+
+    Return<void> isoDataReceived(
+        const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t>& data) override {
+      parent_.iso_cb_count++;
+      parent_.iso_queue.push(data);
+      NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameIsoEventReceived);
+      return Void();
+    };
+  };
+
+  sp<IBluetoothHci> bluetooth;
+  sp<BluetoothHciCallbacks> bluetooth_cb;
+  sp<BluetoothHciDeathRecipient> bluetooth_hci_death_recipient;
+  std::queue<hidl_vec<uint8_t>> event_queue;
+  std::queue<hidl_vec<uint8_t>> acl_queue;
+  std::queue<hidl_vec<uint8_t>> sco_queue;
+  std::queue<hidl_vec<uint8_t>> iso_queue;
+
+  bool initialized;
+
+  int event_cb_count;
+  int sco_cb_count;
+  int acl_cb_count;
+  int iso_cb_count;
+
+  int max_acl_data_packet_length;
+  int max_sco_data_packet_length;
+  int max_acl_data_packets;
+  int max_sco_data_packets;
+};
+
+// Discard NO-OPs from the event queue.
+void BluetoothHidlTest::handle_no_ops() {
+  while (event_queue.size() > 0) {
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> event = event_queue.front();
+    EXPECT_GE(event.size(),
+              static_cast<size_t>(EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE));
+    bool event_is_no_op =
+        (event[EVENT_CODE_BYTE] == EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE) &&
+        (event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE] == 0x00) &&
+        (event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE + 1] == 0x00);
+    event_is_no_op |= (event[EVENT_CODE_BYTE] == EVENT_COMMAND_STATUS) &&
+                      (event[EVENT_COMMAND_STATUS_OPCODE_LSBYTE] == 0x00) &&
+                      (event[EVENT_COMMAND_STATUS_OPCODE_LSBYTE + 1] == 0x00);
+    if (event_is_no_op) {
+      event_queue.pop();
+    } else {
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  // To be removed in VTS release builds
+  while (acl_queue.size() > 0) {
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> acl_packet = acl_queue.front();
+    uint16_t connection_handle = acl_packet[1] & 0xF;
+    connection_handle <<= 8;
+    connection_handle |= acl_packet[0];
+    bool packet_is_no_op = connection_handle == ACL_HANDLE_QCA_DEBUG_MESSAGE;
+    if (packet_is_no_op) {
+      acl_queue.pop();
+    } else {
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Receive an event, discarding NO-OPs.
+void BluetoothHidlTest::wait_for_event(bool timeout_is_error = true) {
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> event;
+  do {
+    bool no_timeout =
+        bluetooth_cb->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameHciEventReceived).no_timeout;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(no_timeout || !timeout_is_error);
+    if (no_timeout && timeout_is_error) {
+      EXPECT_LT(static_cast<size_t>(0), event_queue.size());
+    }
+    if (event_queue.size() == 0) {
+      // WaitForCallback timed out.
+      return;
+    }
+    handle_no_ops();
+  } while (event_queue.size() == 0);
+}
+
+// Wait until a COMMAND_COMPLETE is received.
+void BluetoothHidlTest::wait_for_command_complete_event(hidl_vec<uint8_t> cmd) {
+  wait_for_event();
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> event = event_queue.front();
+  event_queue.pop();
+
+  EXPECT_GT(event.size(),
+            static_cast<size_t>(EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE));
+  EXPECT_EQ(EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE, event[EVENT_CODE_BYTE]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(cmd[0], event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(cmd[1], event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE + 1]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(HCI_STATUS_SUCCESS, event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE]);
+}
+
+// Send the command to read the controller's buffer sizes.
+void BluetoothHidlTest::setBufferSizes() {
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> cmd = COMMAND_HCI_READ_BUFFER_SIZE;
+  bluetooth->sendHciCommand(cmd);
+
+  wait_for_event();
+  if (event_queue.size() == 0) return;
+
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> event = event_queue.front();
+  event_queue.pop();
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE, event[EVENT_CODE_BYTE]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(cmd[0], event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(cmd[1], event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE + 1]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(HCI_STATUS_SUCCESS, event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE]);
+
+  max_acl_data_packet_length =
+      event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE + 1] +
+      (event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE + 2] << 8);
+  max_sco_data_packet_length = event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE + 3];
+  max_acl_data_packets = event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE + 4] +
+                         (event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE + 5] << 8);
+  max_sco_data_packets = event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE + 6] +
+                         (event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE + 7] << 8);
+
+  ALOGD("%s: ACL max %d num %d SCO max %d num %d", __func__,
+        static_cast<int>(max_acl_data_packet_length),
+        static_cast<int>(max_acl_data_packets),
+        static_cast<int>(max_sco_data_packet_length),
+        static_cast<int>(max_sco_data_packets));
+}
+
+// Send an HCI command (in Loopback mode) and check the response.
+void BluetoothHidlTest::sendAndCheckHCI(int num_packets) {
+  ThroughputLogger logger = {__func__};
+  int command_size = 0;
+  for (int n = 0; n < num_packets; n++) {
+    // Send an HCI packet
+    std::vector<uint8_t> write_name = COMMAND_HCI_WRITE_LOCAL_NAME;
+    // With a name
+    char new_name[] = "John Jacob Jingleheimer Schmidt ___________________0";
+    size_t new_name_length = strlen(new_name);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < new_name_length; i++)
+      write_name.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(new_name[i]));
+    // And the packet number
+    size_t i = new_name_length - 1;
+    for (int digits = n; digits > 0; digits = digits / 10, i--)
+      write_name[i] = static_cast<uint8_t>('0' + digits % 10);
+    // And padding
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < 248 - new_name_length; i++)
+      write_name.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(0));
+
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> cmd = write_name;
+    bluetooth->sendHciCommand(cmd);
+
+    // Check the loopback of the HCI packet
+    wait_for_event();
+    if (event_queue.size() == 0) return;
+
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> event = event_queue.front();
+    event_queue.pop();
+    size_t compare_length =
+        (cmd.size() > static_cast<size_t>(0xff) ? static_cast<size_t>(0xff)
+                                                : cmd.size());
+    EXPECT_GT(event.size(), compare_length + EVENT_FIRST_PAYLOAD_BYTE - 1);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(EVENT_LOOPBACK_COMMAND, event[EVENT_CODE_BYTE]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(compare_length, event[EVENT_LENGTH_BYTE]);
+
+    // Don't compare past the end of the event.
+    if (compare_length + EVENT_FIRST_PAYLOAD_BYTE > event.size()) {
+      compare_length = event.size() - EVENT_FIRST_PAYLOAD_BYTE;
+      ALOGE("Only comparing %d bytes", static_cast<int>(compare_length));
+    }
+
+    if (n == num_packets - 1) {
+      command_size = cmd.size();
+    }
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < compare_length; i++)
+      EXPECT_EQ(cmd[i], event[EVENT_FIRST_PAYLOAD_BYTE + i]);
+  }
+  logger.setTotalBytes(command_size * num_packets * 2);
+}
+
+// Send a SCO data packet (in Loopback mode) and check the response.
+void BluetoothHidlTest::sendAndCheckSCO(int num_packets, size_t size,
+                                        uint16_t handle) {
+  ThroughputLogger logger = {__func__};
+  for (int n = 0; n < num_packets; n++) {
+    // Send a SCO packet
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> sco_packet;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> sco_vector;
+    sco_vector.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(handle & 0xff));
+    sco_vector.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((handle & 0x0f00) >> 8));
+    sco_vector.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(size & 0xff));
+    sco_vector.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((size & 0xff00) >> 8));
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+      sco_vector.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(i + n));
+    }
+    sco_packet = sco_vector;
+    bluetooth->sendScoData(sco_vector);
+
+    // Check the loopback of the SCO packet
+    EXPECT_TRUE(bluetooth_cb->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameScoEventReceived)
+                    .no_timeout);
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> sco_loopback = sco_queue.front();
+    sco_queue.pop();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(sco_packet.size(), sco_loopback.size());
+    size_t successful_bytes = 0;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < sco_packet.size(); i++) {
+      if (sco_packet[i] == sco_loopback[i]) {
+        successful_bytes = i;
+      } else {
+        ALOGE("Miscompare at %d (expected %x, got %x)", static_cast<int>(i),
+              sco_packet[i], sco_loopback[i]);
+        ALOGE("At %d (expected %x, got %x)", static_cast<int>(i + 1),
+              sco_packet[i + 1], sco_loopback[i + 1]);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ(sco_packet.size(), successful_bytes + 1);
+  }
+  logger.setTotalBytes(num_packets * size * 2);
+}
+
+// Send an ACL data packet (in Loopback mode) and check the response.
+void BluetoothHidlTest::sendAndCheckACL(int num_packets, size_t size,
+                                        uint16_t handle) {
+  ThroughputLogger logger = {__func__};
+  for (int n = 0; n < num_packets; n++) {
+    // Send an ACL packet
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> acl_packet;
+    std::vector<uint8_t> acl_vector;
+    acl_vector.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(handle & 0xff));
+    acl_vector.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((handle & 0x0f00) >> 8) |
+                         ACL_BROADCAST_POINT_TO_POINT |
+                         ACL_PACKET_BOUNDARY_FIRST_AUTO_FLUSHABLE);
+    acl_vector.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(size & 0xff));
+    acl_vector.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>((size & 0xff00) >> 8));
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+      acl_vector.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(i + n));
+    }
+    acl_packet = acl_vector;
+    bluetooth->sendAclData(acl_vector);
+
+    // Check the loopback of the ACL packet
+    EXPECT_TRUE(bluetooth_cb->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameAclEventReceived)
+                    .no_timeout);
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> acl_loopback = acl_queue.front();
+    acl_queue.pop();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(acl_packet.size(), acl_loopback.size());
+    size_t successful_bytes = 0;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < acl_packet.size(); i++) {
+      if (acl_packet[i] == acl_loopback[i]) {
+        successful_bytes = i;
+      } else {
+        ALOGE("Miscompare at %d (expected %x, got %x)", static_cast<int>(i),
+              acl_packet[i], acl_loopback[i]);
+        ALOGE("At %d (expected %x, got %x)", static_cast<int>(i + 1),
+              acl_packet[i + 1], acl_loopback[i + 1]);
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    EXPECT_EQ(acl_packet.size(), successful_bytes + 1);
+  }
+  logger.setTotalBytes(num_packets * size * 2);
+}
+
+// Return the number of completed packets reported by the controller.
+int BluetoothHidlTest::wait_for_completed_packets_event(uint16_t handle) {
+  int packets_processed = 0;
+  wait_for_event(false);
+  if (event_queue.size() == 0) {
+    ALOGW("%s: WaitForCallback timed out.", __func__);
+    return packets_processed;
+  }
+  while (event_queue.size() > 0) {
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> event = event_queue.front();
+    event_queue.pop();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(EVENT_NUMBER_OF_COMPLETED_PACKETS, event[EVENT_CODE_BYTE]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(1, event[EVENT_NUMBER_OF_COMPLETED_PACKETS_NUM_HANDLES]);
+
+    uint16_t event_handle = event[3] + (event[4] << 8);
+    EXPECT_EQ(handle, event_handle);
+
+    packets_processed += event[5] + (event[6] << 8);
+  }
+  return packets_processed;
+}
+
+// Send local loopback command and initialize SCO and ACL handles.
+void BluetoothHidlTest::enterLoopbackMode(std::vector<uint16_t>* sco_handles,
+                                          std::vector<uint16_t>* acl_handles) {
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> cmd = COMMAND_HCI_WRITE_LOOPBACK_MODE_LOCAL;
+  bluetooth->sendHciCommand(cmd);
+
+  // Receive connection complete events with data channels
+  int connection_event_count = 0;
+  bool command_complete_received = false;
+  while (true) {
+    wait_for_event(false);
+    if (event_queue.size() == 0) {
+      // Fail if there was no event received or no connections completed.
+      EXPECT_TRUE(command_complete_received);
+      EXPECT_LT(0, connection_event_count);
+      return;
+    }
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> event = event_queue.front();
+    event_queue.pop();
+    EXPECT_GT(event.size(),
+              static_cast<size_t>(EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE));
+    if (event[EVENT_CODE_BYTE] == EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE) {
+      EXPECT_GT(event.size(),
+                static_cast<size_t>(EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_TYPE));
+      EXPECT_EQ(event[EVENT_LENGTH_BYTE],
+                EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_PARAM_LENGTH);
+      uint8_t connection_type = event[EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_TYPE];
+
+      EXPECT_TRUE(connection_type == EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_TYPE_SCO ||
+                  connection_type == EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_TYPE_ACL);
+
+      // Save handles
+      uint16_t handle = event[EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_HANDLE_LSBYTE] |
+                        event[EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_HANDLE_LSBYTE + 1] << 8;
+      if (connection_type == EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_TYPE_SCO)
+        sco_handles->push_back(handle);
+      else
+        acl_handles->push_back(handle);
+
+      ALOGD("Connect complete type = %d handle = %d",
+            event[EVENT_CONNECTION_COMPLETE_TYPE], handle);
+      connection_event_count++;
+    } else {
+      EXPECT_EQ(EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE, event[EVENT_CODE_BYTE]);
+      EXPECT_EQ(cmd[0], event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE]);
+      EXPECT_EQ(cmd[1], event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE + 1]);
+      EXPECT_EQ(HCI_STATUS_SUCCESS, event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE]);
+      command_complete_received = true;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Empty test: Initialize()/Close() are called in SetUp()/TearDown().
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, InitializeAndClose) {}
+
+// Send an HCI Reset with sendHciCommand and wait for a command complete event.
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, HciReset) {
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> cmd = COMMAND_HCI_RESET;
+  bluetooth->sendHciCommand(cmd);
+
+  wait_for_command_complete_event(cmd);
+}
+
+// Read and check the HCI version of the controller.
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, HciVersionTest) {
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> cmd = COMMAND_HCI_READ_LOCAL_VERSION_INFORMATION;
+  bluetooth->sendHciCommand(cmd);
+
+  wait_for_event();
+  if (event_queue.size() == 0) return;
+
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> event = event_queue.front();
+  event_queue.pop();
+  EXPECT_GT(event.size(), static_cast<size_t>(EVENT_LOCAL_LMP_VERSION_BYTE));
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE, event[EVENT_CODE_BYTE]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(cmd[0], event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(cmd[1], event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE + 1]);
+  EXPECT_EQ(HCI_STATUS_SUCCESS, event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE]);
+
+  EXPECT_LE(HCI_MINIMUM_HCI_VERSION, event[EVENT_LOCAL_HCI_VERSION_BYTE]);
+  EXPECT_LE(HCI_MINIMUM_LMP_VERSION, event[EVENT_LOCAL_LMP_VERSION_BYTE]);
+}
+
+// Send an unknown HCI command and wait for the error message.
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, HciUnknownCommand) {
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> cmd = COMMAND_HCI_SHOULD_BE_UNKNOWN;
+  bluetooth->sendHciCommand(cmd);
+
+  wait_for_event();
+  if (event_queue.size() == 0) return;
+
+  hidl_vec<uint8_t> event = event_queue.front();
+  event_queue.pop();
+
+  EXPECT_GT(event.size(),
+            static_cast<size_t>(EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE));
+  if (event[EVENT_CODE_BYTE] == EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(cmd[0], event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(cmd[1], event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_OPCODE_LSBYTE + 1]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(HCI_STATUS_UNKNOWN_HCI_COMMAND,
+              event[EVENT_COMMAND_COMPLETE_STATUS_BYTE]);
+  } else {
+    EXPECT_EQ(EVENT_COMMAND_STATUS, event[EVENT_CODE_BYTE]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(cmd[0], event[EVENT_COMMAND_STATUS_OPCODE_LSBYTE]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(cmd[1], event[EVENT_COMMAND_STATUS_OPCODE_LSBYTE + 1]);
+    EXPECT_EQ(HCI_STATUS_UNKNOWN_HCI_COMMAND,
+              event[EVENT_COMMAND_STATUS_STATUS_BYTE]);
+  }
+}
+
+// Enter loopback mode, but don't send any packets.
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, WriteLoopbackMode) {
+  std::vector<uint16_t> sco_connection_handles;
+  std::vector<uint16_t> acl_connection_handles;
+  enterLoopbackMode(&sco_connection_handles, &acl_connection_handles);
+}
+
+// Enter loopback mode and send single packets.
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, LoopbackModeSinglePackets) {
+  setBufferSizes();
+
+  std::vector<uint16_t> sco_connection_handles;
+  std::vector<uint16_t> acl_connection_handles;
+  enterLoopbackMode(&sco_connection_handles, &acl_connection_handles);
+
+  sendAndCheckHCI(1);
+
+  // This should work, but breaks on some current platforms.  Figure out how to
+  // grandfather older devices but test new ones.
+  if (0 && sco_connection_handles.size() > 0) {
+    EXPECT_LT(0, max_sco_data_packet_length);
+    sendAndCheckSCO(1, max_sco_data_packet_length, sco_connection_handles[0]);
+    int sco_packets_sent = 1;
+    int completed_packets =
+        wait_for_completed_packets_event(sco_connection_handles[0]);
+    if (sco_packets_sent != completed_packets) {
+      ALOGW("%s: packets_sent (%d) != completed_packets (%d)", __func__,
+            sco_packets_sent, completed_packets);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (acl_connection_handles.size() > 0) {
+    EXPECT_LT(0, max_acl_data_packet_length);
+    sendAndCheckACL(1, max_acl_data_packet_length, acl_connection_handles[0]);
+    int acl_packets_sent = 1;
+    int completed_packets =
+        wait_for_completed_packets_event(acl_connection_handles[0]);
+    if (acl_packets_sent != completed_packets) {
+      ALOGW("%s: packets_sent (%d) != completed_packets (%d)", __func__,
+            acl_packets_sent, completed_packets);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// Enter loopback mode and send packets for bandwidth measurements.
+TEST_P(BluetoothHidlTest, LoopbackModeBandwidth) {
+  setBufferSizes();
+
+  std::vector<uint16_t> sco_connection_handles;
+  std::vector<uint16_t> acl_connection_handles;
+  enterLoopbackMode(&sco_connection_handles, &acl_connection_handles);
+
+  sendAndCheckHCI(NUM_HCI_COMMANDS_BANDWIDTH);
+
+  // This should work, but breaks on some current platforms.  Figure out how to
+  // grandfather older devices but test new ones.
+  if (0 && sco_connection_handles.size() > 0) {
+    EXPECT_LT(0, max_sco_data_packet_length);
+    sendAndCheckSCO(NUM_SCO_PACKETS_BANDWIDTH, max_sco_data_packet_length,
+                    sco_connection_handles[0]);
+    int sco_packets_sent = NUM_SCO_PACKETS_BANDWIDTH;
+    int completed_packets =
+        wait_for_completed_packets_event(sco_connection_handles[0]);
+    if (sco_packets_sent != completed_packets) {
+      ALOGW("%s: packets_sent (%d) != completed_packets (%d)", __func__,
+            sco_packets_sent, completed_packets);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (acl_connection_handles.size() > 0) {
+    EXPECT_LT(0, max_acl_data_packet_length);
+    sendAndCheckACL(NUM_ACL_PACKETS_BANDWIDTH, max_acl_data_packet_length,
+                    acl_connection_handles[0]);
+    int acl_packets_sent = NUM_ACL_PACKETS_BANDWIDTH;
+    int completed_packets =
+        wait_for_completed_packets_event(acl_connection_handles[0]);
+    if (acl_packets_sent != completed_packets) {
+      ALOGW("%s: packets_sent (%d) != completed_packets (%d)", __func__,
+            acl_packets_sent, completed_packets);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+    PerInstance, BluetoothHidlTest,
+    testing::ValuesIn(
+        android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IBluetoothHci::descriptor)),
+    android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index b672fe4..b778b97 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -9,4 +9,5 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libfmq",
     ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothAudioV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothAudioV2_0TargetTest.cpp
index 9572d3f..b3cb6f7 100644
--- a/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothAudioV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/bluetooth/audio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBluetoothAudioV2_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -21,12 +21,13 @@
 #include <android/hardware/bluetooth/audio/2.0/IBluetoothAudioProvider.h>
 #include <android/hardware/bluetooth/audio/2.0/IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory.h>
 #include <fmq/MessageQueue.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/MQDescriptor.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <utils/Log.h>
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
@@ -105,34 +106,13 @@
 }
 }  // namespace
 
-// Test environment for Bluetooth Audio HAL.
-class BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment
-    : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
- public:
-  // get the test environment singleton
-  static BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-    static BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment* instance =
-        new BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment;
-    return instance;
-  }
-
-  virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-    registerTestService<IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory>();
-  }
-
- private:
-  BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The base test class for Bluetooth Audio HAL.
 class BluetoothAudioProvidersFactoryHidlTest
-    : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
  public:
   virtual void SetUp() override {
-    providers_factory_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-        IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory>(
-        BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-            ->getServiceName<IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory>());
+    providers_factory_ =
+        IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(providers_factory_, nullptr);
   }
 
@@ -300,13 +280,13 @@
 /**
  * Test whether we can get the FactoryService from HIDL
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProvidersFactoryHidlTest, GetProvidersFactoryService) {}
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProvidersFactoryHidlTest, GetProvidersFactoryService) {}
 
 /**
  * Test whether we can open a provider for each provider returned by
  * getProviderCapabilities() with non-empty capabalities
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProvidersFactoryHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProvidersFactoryHidlTest,
        OpenProviderAndCheckCapabilitiesBySession) {
   for (auto session_type : session_types_) {
     GetProviderCapabilitiesHelper(session_type);
@@ -341,14 +321,14 @@
 /**
  * Test whether we can open a provider of type
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpSoftwareHidlTest, OpenA2dpSoftwareProvider) {}
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpSoftwareHidlTest, OpenA2dpSoftwareProvider) {}
 
 /**
  * Test whether each provider of type
  * SessionType::A2DP_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and stopped with
  * different PCM config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpSoftwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpSoftwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndA2dpSoftwareSessionWithPossiblePcmConfig) {
   bool is_codec_config_valid;
   std::unique_ptr<DataMQ> tempDataMQ;
@@ -616,14 +596,14 @@
 /**
  * Test whether we can open a provider of type
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest, OpenA2dpHardwareProvider) {}
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest, OpenA2dpHardwareProvider) {}
 
 /**
  * Test whether each provider of type
  * SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and stopped with
  * SBC hardware encoding config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndA2dpSbcHardwareSession) {
   if (!IsOffloadSupported()) {
     return;
@@ -658,7 +638,7 @@
  * SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and stopped with
  * AAC hardware encoding config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndA2dpAacHardwareSession) {
   if (!IsOffloadSupported()) {
     return;
@@ -693,7 +673,7 @@
  * SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and stopped with
  * LDAC hardware encoding config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndA2dpLdacHardwareSession) {
   if (!IsOffloadSupported()) {
     return;
@@ -728,7 +708,7 @@
  * SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and stopped with
  * AptX hardware encoding config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndA2dpAptxHardwareSession) {
   if (!IsOffloadSupported()) {
     return;
@@ -767,7 +747,7 @@
  * SessionType::A2DP_HARDWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and stopped with
  * an invalid codec config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndA2dpHardwareSessionInvalidCodecConfig) {
   if (!IsOffloadSupported()) {
     return;
@@ -857,7 +837,7 @@
  * SessionType::HEARING_AID_HARDWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and
  * stopped with SBC hardware encoding config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderHearingAidSoftwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderHearingAidSoftwareHidlTest,
        OpenHearingAidSoftwareProvider) {}
 
 /**
@@ -865,7 +845,7 @@
  * SessionType::HEARING_AID_SOFTWARE_ENCODING_DATAPATH can be started and
  * stopped with different PCM config
  */
-TEST_F(BluetoothAudioProviderHearingAidSoftwareHidlTest,
+TEST_P(BluetoothAudioProviderHearingAidSoftwareHidlTest,
        StartAndEndHearingAidSessionWithPossiblePcmConfig) {
   bool is_codec_config_valid;
   std::unique_ptr<DataMQ> tempDataMQ;
@@ -904,12 +884,25 @@
   }      // SampleRate
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-  ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(
-      BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-  BluetoothAudioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-  int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-  LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-  return status;
-}
+static const std::vector<std::string> kAudioInstances =
+    android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+        IBluetoothAudioProvidersFactory::descriptor);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, BluetoothAudioProvidersFactoryHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(kAudioInstances),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance,
+                         BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpSoftwareHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(kAudioInstances),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance,
+                         BluetoothAudioProviderA2dpHardwareHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(kAudioInstances),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance,
+                         BluetoothAudioProviderHearingAidSoftwareHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(kAudioInstances),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/broadcastradio/1.1/default/service.cpp b/broadcastradio/1.1/default/service.cpp
index f8af0b7..29dc76f 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/1.1/default/service.cpp
+++ b/broadcastradio/1.1/default/service.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 #include "BroadcastRadioFactory.h"
 
+using android::sp;
 using android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool;
 using android::hardware::joinRpcThreadpool;
 using android::hardware::broadcastradio::V1_1::implementation::BroadcastRadioFactory;
@@ -27,8 +28,8 @@
 int main(int /* argc */, char** /* argv */) {
     configureRpcThreadpool(4, true);
 
-    BroadcastRadioFactory broadcastRadioFactory;
-    auto status = broadcastRadioFactory.registerAsService();
+    sp<BroadcastRadioFactory> broadcastRadioFactory(new BroadcastRadioFactory());
+    auto status = broadcastRadioFactory->registerAsService();
     CHECK_EQ(status, android::OK) << "Failed to register Broadcast Radio HAL implementation";
 
     joinRpcThreadpool();
diff --git a/broadcastradio/2.0/default/service.cpp b/broadcastradio/2.0/default/service.cpp
index 349aba2..bd746fd 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/2.0/default/service.cpp
+++ b/broadcastradio/2.0/default/service.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "BroadcastRadio.h"
 #include "VirtualRadio.h"
 
+using android::sp;
 using android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool;
 using android::hardware::joinRpcThreadpool;
 using android::hardware::broadcastradio::V2_0::implementation::BroadcastRadio;
@@ -30,13 +31,13 @@
     android::base::SetMinimumLogSeverity(android::base::VERBOSE);
     configureRpcThreadpool(4, true);
 
-    BroadcastRadio broadcastRadio(gAmFmRadio);
-    auto amFmStatus = broadcastRadio.registerAsService("amfm");
+    sp<BroadcastRadio> broadcastRadio(new BroadcastRadio(gAmFmRadio));
+    auto amFmStatus = broadcastRadio->registerAsService("amfm");
     CHECK_EQ(amFmStatus, android::OK)
         << "Failed to register Broadcast Radio AM/FM HAL implementation";
 
-    BroadcastRadio dabRadio(gDabRadio);
-    auto dabStatus = dabRadio.registerAsService("dab");
+    sp<BroadcastRadio> dabRadio(new BroadcastRadio(gDabRadio));
+    auto dabStatus = dabRadio->registerAsService("dab");
     CHECK_EQ(dabStatus, android::OK) << "Failed to register Broadcast Radio DAB HAL implementation";
 
     joinRpcThreadpool();
diff --git a/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/OWNERS b/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/OWNERS
index 12adf57..1ff7407 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/OWNERS
+++ b/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/OWNERS
@@ -3,5 +3,4 @@
 twasilczyk@google.com
 
 # VTS team
-yuexima@google.com
-yim@google.com
+dshi@google.com
diff --git a/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 3e18a54..49bb665 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -17,9 +17,6 @@
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalBroadcastradioV2_0TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
-    cppflags: [
-        "-std=c++1z",
-    ],
     srcs: ["VtsHalBroadcastradioV2_0TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.broadcastradio@2.0",
@@ -28,5 +25,8 @@
         "android.hardware.broadcastradio@vts-utils-lib",
         "libgmock",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBroadcastradioV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBroadcastradioV2_0TargetTest.cpp
index e36f4d9..d170a6d 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBroadcastradioV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/broadcastradio/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalBroadcastradioV2_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 
 #define EGMOCK_VERBOSE 1
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/strings.h>
 #include <android/hardware/broadcastradio/2.0/IBroadcastRadio.h>
@@ -25,11 +24,13 @@
 #include <android/hardware/broadcastradio/2.0/types.h>
 #include <broadcastradio-utils-2x/Utils.h>
 #include <broadcastradio-vts-utils/call-barrier.h>
-#include <broadcastradio-vts-utils/environment-utils.h>
 #include <broadcastradio-vts-utils/mock-timeout.h>
 #include <broadcastradio-vts-utils/pointer-utils.h>
 #include <cutils/bitops.h>
 #include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <chrono>
 #include <optional>
@@ -52,7 +53,6 @@
 using testing::Invoke;
 using testing::SaveArg;
 
-using broadcastradio::vts::BroadcastRadioHidlEnvironment;
 using broadcastradio::vts::CallBarrier;
 using broadcastradio::vts::clearAndWait;
 using utils::make_identifier;
@@ -100,10 +100,8 @@
     MOCK_METHOD1(onListUpdated, Return<void>(const hidl_vec<Announcement>&));
 };
 
-static BroadcastRadioHidlEnvironment<IBroadcastRadio>* gEnv = nullptr;
-
-class BroadcastRadioHalTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class BroadcastRadioHalTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
     virtual void SetUp() override;
     virtual void TearDown() override;
 
@@ -185,7 +183,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, mModule.get()) << "Module is already open";
 
     // lookup HIDL service (radio module)
-    mModule = getService<IBroadcastRadio>(gEnv->getServiceName<IBroadcastRadio>());
+    mModule = IBroadcastRadio::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mModule.get()) << "Couldn't find broadcast radio HAL implementation";
 
     // get module properties
@@ -243,10 +241,10 @@
     auto startResult = mSession->startProgramListUpdates({});
     if (startResult == Result::NOT_SUPPORTED) {
         printSkipped("Program list not supported");
-        return nullopt;
+        return std::nullopt;
     }
     EXPECT_EQ(Result::OK, startResult);
-    if (startResult != Result::OK) return nullopt;
+    if (startResult != Result::OK) return std::nullopt;
 
     EXPECT_TIMEOUT_CALL_WAIT(*mCallback, onProgramListReady, timeout::programListScan);
 
@@ -264,7 +262,7 @@
  *  - the method succeeds when called for the second time without
  *    closing previous session.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, OpenSession) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, OpenSession) {
     // simply open session for the first time
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
@@ -308,7 +306,7 @@
  *  - all channel grids (frequency ranges and spacings) are valid;
  *  - seek spacing is a multiple of the manual spacing value.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetAmFmRegionConfig) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetAmFmRegionConfig) {
     AmFmRegionConfig config;
     bool supported = getAmFmRegionConfig(false, &config);
     if (!supported) {
@@ -341,7 +339,7 @@
  *  - all channel grids (frequency ranges and spacings) are valid;
  *  - seek spacing is not set.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetAmFmRegionConfigCapabilities) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetAmFmRegionConfigCapabilities) {
     AmFmRegionConfig config;
     bool supported = getAmFmRegionConfig(true, &config);
     if (!supported) {
@@ -369,7 +367,7 @@
  *  - all channel labels match correct format;
  *  - all channel frequencies are in correct range.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetDabRegionConfig) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetDabRegionConfig) {
     Result halResult;
     hidl_vec<DabTableEntry> config;
     auto cb = [&](Result result, hidl_vec<DabTableEntry> configCb) {
@@ -411,7 +409,7 @@
  *    invoked carrying a proper selector;
  *  - program changes exactly to what was requested.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, FmTune) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, FmTune) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     uint64_t freq = 100100;  // 100.1 FM
@@ -458,7 +456,7 @@
  *  - if the selector is not supported, it's ignored;
  *  - if it is supported, an invalid value results with INVALID_ARGUMENTS;
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, TuneFailsWithInvalid) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, TuneFailsWithInvalid) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     vector<ProgramIdentifier> invalid = {
@@ -489,7 +487,7 @@
  * Verifies that:
  *  - tune fails with NOT_SUPPORTED when program selector is not initialized.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, TuneFailsWithEmpty) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, TuneFailsWithEmpty) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     // Program type is 1-based, so 0 will always be invalid.
@@ -506,7 +504,7 @@
  *  - the program info is changed within timeout::tune;
  *  - works both directions and with or without skipping sub-channel.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Seek) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Seek) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     // TODO(b/69958777): see FmTune workaround
@@ -531,7 +529,7 @@
  *  - the program info is changed within timeout::tune if the method succeeded;
  *  - works both directions.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Step) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Step) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     // TODO(b/69958777): see FmTune workaround
@@ -558,7 +556,7 @@
  * Verifies that:
  *  - the method does not crash after being invoked multiple times.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Cancel) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Cancel) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
@@ -576,7 +574,7 @@
  * Verifies that:
  *  - callback is called for empty parameters set.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, NoParameters) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, NoParameters) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     hidl_vec<VendorKeyValue> halResults = {};
@@ -605,7 +603,7 @@
  *  - unknown parameters are ignored;
  *  - callback is called also for empty results set.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, UnknownParameters) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, UnknownParameters) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     hidl_vec<VendorKeyValue> halResults = {};
@@ -633,7 +631,7 @@
  * Verifies that:
  *  - the method does not crash after being invoked multiple times.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Close) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, Close) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
@@ -648,7 +646,7 @@
  * Verifies that:
  * - getImage call handles argument 0 gracefully.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetNoImage) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetNoImage) {
     size_t len = 0;
     auto result = mModule->getImage(0, [&](hidl_vec<uint8_t> rawImage) { len = rawImage.size(); });
 
@@ -663,7 +661,7 @@
  * - isConfigFlagSet either succeeds or ends with NOT_SUPPORTED or INVALID_STATE;
  * - call success or failure is consistent with setConfigFlag.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, FetchConfigFlags) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, FetchConfigFlags) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     for (auto flag : gConfigFlagValues) {
@@ -691,7 +689,7 @@
  * - setConfigFlag either succeeds or ends with NOT_SUPPORTED or INVALID_STATE;
  * - isConfigFlagSet reflects the state requested immediately after the set call.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, SetConfigFlags) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, SetConfigFlags) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     auto get = [&](ConfigFlag flag) {
@@ -743,7 +741,7 @@
  * - the complete list is fetched within timeout::programListScan;
  * - stopProgramListUpdates does not crash.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetProgramList) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, GetProgramList) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     getProgramList();
@@ -757,7 +755,7 @@
  *  - the identifier matches the name;
  *  - there is only one identifier of that type.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, HdRadioStationNameId) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, HdRadioStationNameId) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(openSession());
 
     auto list = getProgramList();
@@ -785,7 +783,7 @@
  *  - if it succeeds, it returns a valid close handle (which is a nullptr otherwise);
  *  - closing handle does not crash.
  */
-TEST_F(BroadcastRadioHalTest, AnnouncementListenerRegistration) {
+TEST_P(BroadcastRadioHalTest, AnnouncementListenerRegistration) {
     sp<AnnouncementListenerMock> listener = new AnnouncementListenerMock();
 
     Result halResult = Result::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
@@ -811,6 +809,11 @@
     closeHandle->close();
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, BroadcastRadioHalTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IBroadcastRadio::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
 }  // namespace vts
 }  // namespace V2_0
 }  // namespace broadcastradio
@@ -818,14 +821,8 @@
 }  // namespace android
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    using android::hardware::broadcastradio::V2_0::vts::gEnv;
-    using android::hardware::broadcastradio::V2_0::IBroadcastRadio;
-    using android::hardware::broadcastradio::vts::BroadcastRadioHidlEnvironment;
     android::base::SetDefaultTag("BcRadio.vts");
     android::base::SetMinimumLogSeverity(android::base::VERBOSE);
-    gEnv = new BroadcastRadioHidlEnvironment<IBroadcastRadio>;
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(gEnv);
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    gEnv->init(&argc, argv);
     return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
 }
diff --git a/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/mock-timeout.h b/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/mock-timeout.h
index f6cd6ae..8ab2b43 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/mock-timeout.h
+++ b/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/mock-timeout.h
@@ -82,33 +82,44 @@
     };                                                                \
     return EGMockFlippedComma_<decltype(invokeMock())>(invokeMock, notify);
 
+// We define this as a variadic macro in case F contains unprotected
+// commas (the same reason that we use variadic macros in other places
+// in this file).
+#define EGMOCK_RESULT_(tn, ...) \
+    tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::Result
+
+// The type of argument N of the given function type.
+// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DON'T USE IN USER CODE!!!
+#define EGMOCK_ARG_(tn, N, ...) \
+    tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::template Arg<N-1>::type
+
 /**
  * Gmock MOCK_METHOD0 timeout-capable extension.
  */
 #define MOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD0(Method, ...)       \
     MOCK_METHOD0(egmock_##Method, __VA_ARGS__); \
     EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_DEF_(Method);         \
-    virtual GMOCK_RESULT_(, __VA_ARGS__) Method() { EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_BODY_(Method); }
+    virtual EGMOCK_RESULT_(, __VA_ARGS__) Method() { EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_BODY_(Method); }
 
 /**
  * Gmock MOCK_METHOD1 timeout-capable extension.
  */
-#define MOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD1(Method, ...)                                                 \
-    MOCK_METHOD1(egmock_##Method, __VA_ARGS__);                                           \
-    EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_DEF_(Method);                                                   \
-    virtual GMOCK_RESULT_(, __VA_ARGS__) Method(GMOCK_ARG_(, 1, __VA_ARGS__) egmock_a1) { \
-        EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_BODY_(Method, egmock_a1);                                   \
+#define MOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD1(Method, ...)                                                   \
+    MOCK_METHOD1(egmock_##Method, __VA_ARGS__);                                             \
+    EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_DEF_(Method);                                                     \
+    virtual EGMOCK_RESULT_(, __VA_ARGS__) Method(EGMOCK_ARG_(, 1, __VA_ARGS__) egmock_a1) { \
+        EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_BODY_(Method, egmock_a1);                                     \
     }
 
 /**
  * Gmock MOCK_METHOD2 timeout-capable extension.
  */
-#define MOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD2(Method, ...)                                                        \
-    MOCK_METHOD2(egmock_##Method, __VA_ARGS__);                                                  \
-    EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_DEF_(Method);                                                          \
-    virtual GMOCK_RESULT_(, __VA_ARGS__)                                                         \
-        Method(GMOCK_ARG_(, 1, __VA_ARGS__) egmock_a1, GMOCK_ARG_(, 2, __VA_ARGS__) egmock_a2) { \
-        EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_BODY_(Method, egmock_a1, egmock_a2);                               \
+#define MOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD2(Method, ...)                                                          \
+    MOCK_METHOD2(egmock_##Method, __VA_ARGS__);                                                    \
+    EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_DEF_(Method);                                                            \
+    virtual EGMOCK_RESULT_(, __VA_ARGS__)                                                          \
+        Method(EGMOCK_ARG_(, 1, __VA_ARGS__) egmock_a1, EGMOCK_ARG_(, 2, __VA_ARGS__) egmock_a2) { \
+        EGMOCK_TIMEOUT_METHOD_BODY_(Method, egmock_a1, egmock_a2);                                 \
     }
 
 /**
diff --git a/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/pointer-utils.h b/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/pointer-utils.h
index 0b6f5eb..1d76008 100644
--- a/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/pointer-utils.h
+++ b/broadcastradio/common/vts/utils/include/broadcastradio-vts-utils/pointer-utils.h
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 #include <chrono>
 #include <thread>
 
+using namespace std::chrono_literals;
+
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace broadcastradio {
diff --git a/cas/1.2/Android.bp b/cas/1.2/Android.bp
index af98b2e..fbb38b0 100644
--- a/cas/1.2/Android.bp
+++ b/cas/1.2/Android.bp
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@
         enabled: true,
     },
     srcs: [
+        "types.hal",
         "ICas.hal",
         "ICasListener.hal",
         "IMediaCasService.hal",
-        "types.hal",
     ],
     interfaces: [
         "android.hardware.cas@1.0",
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/Android.bp b/compatibility_matrices/Android.bp
index 799ab07..7883dd9 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/Android.bp
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/Android.bp
@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@
         "compatibility_matrix.current.xml",
     ],
     kernel_configs: [
-        "kernel_config_current_4.9",
         "kernel_config_current_4.14",
         "kernel_config_current_4.19",
+        "kernel_config_current_5.4",
     ]
 }
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/Android.mk b/compatibility_matrices/Android.mk
index 7c7f87f..6d204cb 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/Android.mk
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/Android.mk
@@ -115,27 +115,6 @@
 LOCAL_REQUIRED_MODULES := $(my_framework_matrix_deps)
 include $(BUILD_PHONY_PACKAGE)
 
-# Final Framework Compatibility Matrix for OTA
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-include $(LOCAL_PATH)/clear_vars.mk
-LOCAL_MODULE := verified_assembled_system_matrix.xml
-LOCAL_MODULE_PATH := $(PRODUCT_OUT)
-LOCAL_REQUIRED_MODULES := $(my_framework_matrix_deps)
-LOCAL_GENERATED_SOURCES := $(call module-installed-files,$(LOCAL_REQUIRED_MODULES))
-LOCAL_ADD_VBMETA_VERSION_OVERRIDE := true
-
-ifdef BUILT_VENDOR_MANIFEST
-LOCAL_GEN_FILE_DEPENDENCIES += $(BUILT_VENDOR_MANIFEST)
-LOCAL_ASSEMBLE_VINTF_FLAGS += -c "$(BUILT_VENDOR_MANIFEST)"
-endif
-
-ifneq ($(PRODUCT_OTA_ENFORCE_VINTF_KERNEL_REQUIREMENTS),true)
-LOCAL_ASSEMBLE_VINTF_FLAGS += --no-kernel-requirements
-endif
-
-include $(BUILD_FRAMEWORK_COMPATIBILITY_MATRIX)
-BUILT_SYSTEM_MATRIX := $(LOCAL_BUILT_MODULE)
-
 my_system_matrix_deps :=
 my_framework_matrix_deps :=
 my_empty_manifest :=
diff --git a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml
index aeb11c4..a9ea188 100644
--- a/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml
+++ b/compatibility_matrices/compatibility_matrix.current.xml
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
         <name>android.hardware.audio</name>
-        <version>5.0</version>
         <version>6.0</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IDevicesFactory</name>
@@ -18,7 +17,6 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
         <name>android.hardware.audio.effect</name>
-        <version>5.0</version>
         <version>6.0</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IEffectsFactory</name>
@@ -75,7 +73,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.bluetooth</name>
-        <version>1.0</version>
+        <version>1.0-1</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IBluetoothHci</name>
             <instance>default</instance>
@@ -167,7 +165,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.dumpstate</name>
-        <version>1.0</version>
+        <version>1.1</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IDumpstateDevice</name>
             <instance>default</instance>
@@ -256,7 +254,7 @@
     <hal format="hidl" optional="false">
         <name>android.hardware.keymaster</name>
         <version>3.0</version>
-        <version>4.0</version>
+        <version>4.0-1</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IKeymasterDevice</name>
             <instance>default</instance>
@@ -264,7 +262,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.keymaster</name>
-        <version>4.0</version>
+        <version>4.0-1</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IKeymasterDevice</name>
             <instance>strongbox</instance>
@@ -278,6 +276,13 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
+        <name>android.hardware.light</name>
+        <interface>
+            <name>ILights</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.media.c2</name>
         <version>1.0</version>
@@ -331,9 +336,8 @@
             <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
+    <hal format="aidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.power</name>
-        <version>1.0-3</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IPower</name>
             <instance>default</instance>
@@ -349,7 +353,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.radio</name>
-        <version>1.4</version>
+        <version>1.5</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IRadio</name>
             <instance>slot1</instance>
@@ -367,10 +371,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.radio.config</name>
-        <!--
-        See compatibility_matrix.4.xml on versioning of radio config HAL.
-        -->
-        <version>1.1</version>
+        <version>1.3</version>
         <interface>
             <name>IRadioConfig</name>
             <instance>default</instance>
@@ -386,7 +387,7 @@
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.secure_element</name>
-        <version>1.0</version>
+        <version>1.0-2</version>
         <interface>
             <name>ISecureElement</name>
             <regex-instance>eSE[1-9][0-9]*</regex-instance>
@@ -475,14 +476,6 @@
         </interface>
     </hal>
     <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
-        <name>android.hardware.vibrator</name>
-        <version>1.0-3</version>
-        <interface>
-            <name>IVibrator</name>
-            <instance>default</instance>
-        </interface>
-    </hal>
-    <hal format="hidl" optional="true">
         <name>android.hardware.vr</name>
         <version>1.0</version>
         <interface>
diff --git a/configstore/1.1/default/seccomp_policy/configstore@1.1-arm64.policy b/configstore/1.1/default/seccomp_policy/configstore@1.1-arm64.policy
index 937fddd..a609620 100644
--- a/configstore/1.1/default/seccomp_policy/configstore@1.1-arm64.policy
+++ b/configstore/1.1/default/seccomp_policy/configstore@1.1-arm64.policy
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
 getdents64: 1
 clock_gettime: 1
 getpid: 1
+gettid: 1
 
 # used during process crash by crash_dump to dump process info
 rt_sigprocmask: 1
diff --git a/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index aef0340..9e99c33 100644
--- a/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalContexthubV1_0TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: ["android.hardware.contexthub@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
-
diff --git a/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/OWNERS b/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/OWNERS
index 045cc4e..161b2f0 100644
--- a/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/OWNERS
+++ b/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/OWNERS
@@ -4,5 +4,5 @@
 stange@google.com
 
 #VTS team
-yim@google.com
+dshi@google.com
 trong@google.com
diff --git a/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalContexthubV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalContexthubV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 629477a..a1d173b 100644
--- a/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalContexthubV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/contexthub/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalContexthubV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -16,13 +16,14 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "contexthub_hidl_hal_test"
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/hardware/contexthub/1.0/IContexthub.h>
 #include <android/hardware/contexthub/1.0/IContexthubCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/contexthub/1.0/types.h>
 #include <android/log.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 
 #include <cinttypes>
@@ -76,69 +77,44 @@
 }
 
 // Gets a list of valid hub IDs in the system
-std::vector<uint32_t> getHubIds() {
-  static std::vector<uint32_t> hubIds;
+std::vector<std::string> getHubIds(const std::string& service_name) {
+    std::vector<std::string> hubIds;
 
-  if (hubIds.size() == 0) {
-    sp<IContexthub> hubApi = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IContexthub>();
+    sp<IContexthub> hubApi = IContexthub::getService(service_name);
 
     if (hubApi != nullptr) {
-      for (const ContextHub& hub : getHubsSync(hubApi)) {
-        hubIds.push_back(hub.hubId);
-      }
+        for (const ContextHub& hub : getHubsSync(hubApi)) {
+            hubIds.push_back(std::to_string(hub.hubId));
+        }
     }
-  }
 
-  ALOGD("Running tests against all %zu reported hubs", hubIds.size());
-  return hubIds;
+    ALOGD("Running tests against all %zu reported hubs for service %s", hubIds.size(),
+          service_name.c_str());
+    return hubIds;
 }
 
-// Test environment for Contexthub HIDL HAL.
-class ContexthubHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
- public:
-  // get the test environment singleton
-  static ContexthubHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-    static ContexthubHidlEnvironment* instance = new ContexthubHidlEnvironment;
-    return instance;
-  }
+// Test fixture parameterized by hub ID, initializes the HAL and makes the context hub API handle
+// available.
+class ContexthubHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        hubApi = IContexthub::getService(std::get<0>(GetParam()));
+        ASSERT_NE(hubApi, nullptr);
 
-  virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IContexthub>(); }
- private:
-  ContexthubHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
+        // getHubs() must be called at least once for proper initialization of the
+        // HAL implementation
+        getHubsSync(hubApi);
+    }
 
-// Base test fixture that initializes the HAL and makes the context hub API
-// handle available
-class ContexthubHidlTestBase : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
- public:
-  virtual void SetUp() override {
-    hubApi = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IContexthub>(
-        ContexthubHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IContexthub>());
-    ASSERT_NE(hubApi, nullptr);
+    uint32_t getHubId() { return std::stoi(std::get<1>(GetParam())); }
 
-    // getHubs() must be called at least once for proper initialization of the
-    // HAL implementation
-    getHubsSync(hubApi);
-  }
+    Result registerCallback(sp<IContexthubCallback> cb) {
+        Result result = hubApi->registerCallback(getHubId(), cb);
+        ALOGD("Registered callback, result %" PRIu32, result);
+        return result;
+    }
 
-  virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-  sp<IContexthub> hubApi;
-};
-
-// Test fixture parameterized by hub ID
-class ContexthubHidlTest : public ContexthubHidlTestBase,
-                           public ::testing::WithParamInterface<uint32_t> {
- public:
-  uint32_t getHubId() {
-    return GetParam();
-  }
-
-  Result registerCallback(sp<IContexthubCallback> cb) {
-    Result result = hubApi->registerCallback(getHubId(), cb);
-    ALOGD("Registered callback, result %" PRIu32, result);
-    return result;
-  }
+    sp<IContexthub> hubApi;
 };
 
 // Base callback implementation that just logs all callbacks by default
@@ -202,24 +178,24 @@
 }
 
 // Ensures that the metadata reported in getHubs() is sane
-TEST_F(ContexthubHidlTestBase, TestGetHubs) {
-  hidl_vec<ContextHub> hubs = getHubsSync(hubApi);
-  ALOGD("System reports %zu hubs", hubs.size());
+TEST_P(ContexthubHidlTest, TestGetHubs) {
+    hidl_vec<ContextHub> hubs = getHubsSync(hubApi);
+    ALOGD("System reports %zu hubs", hubs.size());
 
-  for (const ContextHub& hub : hubs) {
-    ALOGD("Checking hub ID %" PRIu32, hub.hubId);
+    for (const ContextHub& hub : hubs) {
+        ALOGD("Checking hub ID %" PRIu32, hub.hubId);
 
-    EXPECT_FALSE(hub.name.empty());
-    EXPECT_FALSE(hub.vendor.empty());
-    EXPECT_FALSE(hub.toolchain.empty());
-    EXPECT_GT(hub.peakMips, 0);
-    EXPECT_GE(hub.stoppedPowerDrawMw, 0);
-    EXPECT_GE(hub.sleepPowerDrawMw, 0);
-    EXPECT_GT(hub.peakPowerDrawMw, 0);
+        EXPECT_FALSE(hub.name.empty());
+        EXPECT_FALSE(hub.vendor.empty());
+        EXPECT_FALSE(hub.toolchain.empty());
+        EXPECT_GT(hub.peakMips, 0);
+        EXPECT_GE(hub.stoppedPowerDrawMw, 0);
+        EXPECT_GE(hub.sleepPowerDrawMw, 0);
+        EXPECT_GT(hub.peakPowerDrawMw, 0);
 
-    // Minimum 128 byte MTU as required by CHRE API v1.0
-    EXPECT_GE(hub.maxSupportedMsgLen, UINT32_C(128));
-  }
+        // Minimum 128 byte MTU as required by CHRE API v1.0
+        EXPECT_GE(hub.maxSupportedMsgLen, UINT32_C(128));
+    }
 }
 
 TEST_P(ContexthubHidlTest, TestRegisterCallback) {
@@ -388,20 +364,28 @@
                                       cb->promise.get_future()));
 }
 
-// Parameterize all SingleContexthubTest tests against each valid hub ID
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(HubIdSpecificTests, ContexthubHidlTest,
-                        ::testing::ValuesIn(getHubIds()));
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(HubIdSpecificTests, ContexthubTxnTest,
-                        ::testing::ValuesIn(getHubIds()));
+// Return the test parameters of a vecter of tuples for all IContexthub services and each of its hub
+// id: <service name of IContexthub, hub id of the IContexthub service>
+static std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> get_parameters() {
+    std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> parameters;
+    std::vector<std::string> service_names =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IContexthub::descriptor);
+    for (const std::string& service_name : service_names) {
+        std::vector<std::string> ids = getHubIds(service_name);
+        for (const std::string& id : ids) {
+            parameters.push_back(std::make_tuple(service_name, id));
+        }
+    }
 
-} // anonymous namespace
-
-int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-  ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(ContexthubHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-  ContexthubHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-  int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-  ALOGI ("Test result = %d", status);
-  return status;
+    return parameters;
 }
 
+static std::vector<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> kTestParameters = get_parameters();
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(HubIdSpecificTests, ContexthubHidlTest, testing::ValuesIn(kTestParameters),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(HubIdSpecificTests, ContexthubTxnTest, testing::ValuesIn(kTestParameters),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
+}  // anonymous namespace
diff --git a/current.txt b/current.txt
index 1d2b788..6b680e5 100644
--- a/current.txt
+++ b/current.txt
@@ -574,25 +574,74 @@
 # ABI preserving changes to HALs during Android R
 b69a7615c508acf5c5201efd1bfa3262167874fc3594e2db5a3ff93addd8ac75 android.hardware.keymaster@4.0::IKeymasterDevice
 eb2fa0c883c2185d514be0b84c179b283753ef0c1b77b45b4f359bd23bba8b75 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::IPreparedModel
-f1109cbb10297b7429a11fab42afa912710b303c9bf20bd5cdb8bd57b9c84186 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::types
-9d8ee57c490ffeaa28f702eaea8d198cb510e4bbfb99e6cb5f63e73341057c7c android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.1::types
+8eac60e1f724d141c71c69f06d4544acb720a55dfbbcd97fa01bb3d25ee4e2f5 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0::types
+5f6d3097ba84cb63c430787123f4de1b31c11f90b531b98eae9a8623a5ae962a android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.1::types
 fb382e986c10b8fbb797a8546e8f9ea6d1107bfe6f3fb7e57f6bbbf1f807a906 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2::IDevice
 40e71cd693de5b832325c5d8f081f2ff20a7ba2b89d401cee5b4b3eb0e241681 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2::IPreparedModel
-71c0f7127335e5b74d1615d5e7f129831b43ffbae5318ad0924d7d8d8910a859 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2::types
+7f7ef383268c95a1b8fe4e55c662bc806bb0ac11a154f6b049a113a44b0f024f android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2::types
 a785a57447a81e9c130eef6904c3a5c256076c6a04588c40620ebd6fa2660d77 android.hardware.radio@1.2::types
 1a6e2bd289f22931c526b21916910f1d4c436b7acb9556e4243de4ce8e6cc2e4 android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0::ISoundTriggerHwCallback
 fd65298e1e09e0e3c781ab18305920d757dbe55a3b459ce17814ec5cf6dfee99 android.hardware.wifi@1.0::IWifiP2pIface
 
 # HALs released in Android R
+e966a3437d6a98d9d9e14e9d672088771716031900c0deb55a0946c751a03a44 android.hardware.audio@6.0::types
+4540d12fe1cea996f21bd1712d4ae0906dcbd58177dac494efc605b004902d43 android.hardware.audio@6.0::IDevice
+2402876cbc23c0de3690a665eca84fd3857d1808dba5cad25ce272f81ecef8c9 android.hardware.audio@6.0::IDevicesFactory
+bca5379d5065e2e08b6ad7308ffc8a71a972fc0698bec678ea32eea786d01cb5 android.hardware.audio@6.0::IPrimaryDevice
+7318b521ea12fdd4b6e3f381085c71784c810d1ec7a8d701ec2250f3f86712e4 android.hardware.audio@6.0::IStream
+2df5d5866b37776f25079c0e54b54350a2abe4e025a59c9e02a7d3abe8ca00e8 android.hardware.audio@6.0::IStreamIn
+78e4138cc8307c11fc777c3bd376e581ba4ba48196b05ca1d7cdfa515c87b48a android.hardware.audio@6.0::IStreamOut
+997fdaad7a9d17ee7e01feb7031a753e2365e72ad30b11d950e9183fabdf3844 android.hardware.audio@6.0::IStreamOutCallback
+b495a43bd6ff0c34a391824b0ba1a3f3f34b4a869690611a9a0afc404d75aa84 android.hardware.audio.common@6.0::types
+817930d58412d662cb45e641c50cb62c727e4a3e3ffe7029a53cad9677b97d58 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::types
+525bec6b44f1103869c269a128d51b8dccd73af5340ba863c8886c68357c7faf android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IAcousticEchoCancelerEffect
+8d76bbe3719d051a8e9a1dcf9244f37f5b0a491feb249fa48391edf7cb4f3131 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IAutomaticGainControlEffect
+461b1114cb35d89f87e5694e0792ba53c112a7fa9a14d9b95188cf9c4764be23 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IBassBoostEffect
+8bc597d166e07e9eba633267fc2872c4c53d13d3f0025b778c98e13324a165de android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IDownmixEffect
+9ee022c81e79da6051fde0836c1c1c4d5414e0c9a6cccc0ce17a90346ceb1391 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IEffect
+75c99a70577d543359910a0b378bcbf5a0d6076712e58e6864cd8803f76c8684 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IEffectBufferProviderCallback
+b138d519696f23af2c7cb92c532178c35f4b3a5c1b689260b1c308fe00249f8b android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IEffectsFactory
+dd377f404a8e71f6191d295e10067db629b0f0c28e594af906f2bea5d87fe2cc android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IEnvironmentalReverbEffect
+455e085e136767302ec34d02b51a085c310e79bf500b76dda7c96a7f3637f11a android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IEqualizerEffect
+24b5e107a0cbd2b322f764a4d5f7fb8b5d8c337a060b9a4a26b9af050c57b5d0 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::ILoudnessEnhancerEffect
+4aae0a13f53a8ce20fad372de2d1d864a0bae194b0f1b1d2c090367af8615af2 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::INoiseSuppressionEffect
+5237c42d3913ef569f07bec802568084b615155d05a7951e75085da54856508c android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IPresetReverbEffect
+282193799d60bff27a84c65a36218c1e7d8f582f5828e2e059383d1b90aa56bd android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IVirtualizerEffect
+0868e00f7c5ee16723bda1a8f57099763d04100ae7126a1c2d3a9a87c844a7e8 android.hardware.audio.effect@6.0::IVisualizerEffect
+79e115c8f8970b8b914bafc66df5425e065fda4dcda97222966ef12451d2a1cc android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1::IBluetoothHci
+40ab2c6866c18d32baf6e49e3053949e79601f56963a791e93e68b9ee18f718d android.hardware.bluetooth@1.1::IBluetoothHciCallbacks
 07d0a252b2d8fa35887908a996ba395cf392968395fc30afab791f46e0c22a52 android.hardware.boot@1.1::IBootControl
 74049a402be913963edfdd80828a53736570e9d8124a1bf18166b6ed46a6b0ab android.hardware.boot@1.1::types
+446287268831f4ddfac4a51bb1c32ae1e48e47bccd535fccc2c4546d0e7c4013 android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1::types
+f284ffde7cadf5a1364b75ab313baf22401eeca289bdde2a2dc7a27ea4ab98d7 android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1::IDumpstateDevice
 ce8dbe76eb9ee94b46ef98f725be992e760a5751073d4f4912484026541371f3 android.hardware.health@2.1::IHealth
 26f04510a0b57aba5167c5c0a7c2f077c2acbb98b81902a072517829fd9fd67f android.hardware.health@2.1::IHealthInfoCallback
 db47f4ceceb1f06c656f39caa70c557b0f8471ef59fd58611bea667ffca20101 android.hardware.health@2.1::types
-34515afa2bb792d3c6d8495a5f5d907d179c8507ca5e55c10050d02ae1d516ef android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IDevice
-b74fe72cfe438f50e772e6a307657ff449d5bde83c15dd1f140ff2edbe73499c android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::types
-41c602462ccd1b19cfd645994be4de4c07fc197ff58a54e84476b31908e61e21 android.hardware.radio@1.5::types
-a8691c71747c3f14f7a043598e856425077f755e55990507a9132ad62f8ab3f7 android.hardware.radio@1.5::IRadio
-a62a93faf173b14a6175b683ebf61ffa568dc61f81e369d2dce7b1265e86cf2f android.hardware.radio@1.5::IRadioIndication
-15daf260aaf6781b911450bc94e1a164901f9c0fe0bda68f8434f0a903f66e05 android.hardware.radio@1.5::IRadioResponse
-
+0589e410f519e36514e7ece18f283f022df0f70efd2c12821d822f67f74aba98 android.hardware.identity@1.0::types
+bbeee9604128ede83ee755b67e73b5ad29e6e1dbac9ec41fea6ffe2745b0c50a android.hardware.identity@1.0::IIdentityCredential
+96ce8aad80f4c476f25261f790d357c117e79e18474c7dadd850dac704bbe65e android.hardware.identity@1.0::IIdentityCredentialStore
+8da9c938e58f7d636ddd2f92c646f99d9a9e79612e6441b6380ab12744251873 android.hardware.identity@1.0::IWritableIdentityCredential
+27ae3724053940462114228872b3ffaf0b8e6177d5ba97f5a76339d12b8a99dd android.hardware.keymaster@4.1::IKeymasterDevice
+adb0efdf1462e9b2e742c0dcadd598666aac551f178be06e755bfcdf5797abd0 android.hardware.keymaster@4.1::IOperation
+ac429fca0da4ce91218768ec31b64ded88251f8a26d8c4f27c06abdc5b1926d9 android.hardware.keymaster@4.1::types
+65c16331e57f6dd68b3971f06f78fe9e3209afb60630c31705aa355f9a52bf0d android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IBuffer
+9b41dd49e2dcc2ecb4243d03f8421d72494ada5cf2945bff88f0019eeca56923 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IDevice
+4167dc3ad35e9cd0d2057d4868c7675ae2c3c9d05bbd614c1f5dccfa5fd68797 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IExecutionCallback
+2fa3679ad7c94b5e88724adcd560c561041068a4ca565c63830e68101988746a android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IFencedExecutionCallback
+237b23b126a66f3432658020fed78cdd06ba6297459436fe6bae0ba753370833 android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IPreparedModel
+0439a1fbbec7f16e5e4c653d85ac685d51bfafbae15b8f8cca530acdd7d6a8ce android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::IPreparedModelCallback
+3646950b10f7cacdafca13609b0e18496cea942f3bdfe920494661856eff48bb android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3::types
+3e01d4446cd69fd1c48f8572efd97487bc179564b32bd795800b97bbe10be37b android.hardware.wifi@1.4::IWifi
+a64467bae843569f0d465c5be7f0c7a5b987985b55a3ef4794dd5afc68538650 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.3::ISupplicant
+44445b8a03d7b9e68b2fbd954672c18a8fce9e32851b0692f4f4ab3407f86ecb android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.3::ISupplicantStaIface
+619fc9839ec6e369cfa9b28e3e9412e6885720ff8f9b5750c1b6ffb905120391 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.3::ISupplicantStaIfaceCallback
+c9273429fcf98d797d3bb07fdba6f1be95bf960f9255cde169fd1ca4db85f856 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.3::ISupplicantStaNetwork
+9b0a3ab6f4f74b971ed094426d8a443e29b512ff03e1ab50c07156396cdb2483 android.hardware.wifi.supplicant@1.3::types
+88fb40d98b89cfaafad33b06c95e5dcd51c4470962e8fbe80ed22884407f98a1 android.hardware.radio@1.5::types
+8062d0a1a03594dd8b448adcf6f08856b5720f7e33f9b785a21d3ef74a4f211d android.hardware.radio@1.5::IRadio
+e96ae1c3a9c0689002ec2318e9c587f4f607c16a75a3cd38788b77eb91072021 android.hardware.radio@1.5::IRadioIndication
+7f2439b48bda2961c6d629d0415eee66d519142cf9537f05e9d285153c70ca85 android.hardware.radio@1.5::IRadioResponse
+dcc8872337f0135e81970e1d8d5fd7139160dc80e9be76f0ae05290fa7e472b8 android.hardware.radio.config@1.3::types
+a2977755bc5f1ef47f04b7f2400632efda6218e1515dba847da487145cfabc4f android.hardware.radio.config@1.3::IRadioConfig
+742360c775313438b0f82256eac62fb5bbc76a6ae6f388573f3aa142fb2c1eea android.hardware.radio.config@1.3::IRadioConfigIndication
+0006ab8e8b0910cbd3bbb08d5f17d5fac7d65a2bdad5f2334e4851db9d1e6fa8 android.hardware.radio.config@1.3::IRadioConfigResponse
diff --git a/drm/1.0/Android.bp b/drm/1.0/Android.bp
index a950c57..9049af2 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/Android.bp
+++ b/drm/1.0/Android.bp
@@ -17,5 +17,5 @@
     interfaces: [
         "android.hidl.base@1.0",
     ],
-    gen_java: false,
+    gen_java: true,
 }
diff --git a/drm/1.0/default/CryptoPlugin.cpp b/drm/1.0/default/CryptoPlugin.cpp
index 666653b..8ddc380 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/default/CryptoPlugin.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.0/default/CryptoPlugin.cpp
@@ -101,11 +101,20 @@
         std::unique_ptr<android::CryptoPlugin::SubSample[]> legacySubSamples =
                 std::make_unique<android::CryptoPlugin::SubSample[]>(subSamples.size());
 
+        size_t destSize = 0;
         for (size_t i = 0; i < subSamples.size(); i++) {
-            legacySubSamples[i].mNumBytesOfClearData
-                = subSamples[i].numBytesOfClearData;
-            legacySubSamples[i].mNumBytesOfEncryptedData
-                = subSamples[i].numBytesOfEncryptedData;
+            uint32_t numBytesOfClearData = subSamples[i].numBytesOfClearData;
+            legacySubSamples[i].mNumBytesOfClearData = numBytesOfClearData;
+            uint32_t numBytesOfEncryptedData = subSamples[i].numBytesOfEncryptedData;
+            legacySubSamples[i].mNumBytesOfEncryptedData = numBytesOfEncryptedData;
+            if (__builtin_add_overflow(destSize, numBytesOfClearData, &destSize)) {
+                _hidl_cb(Status::BAD_VALUE, 0, "subsample clear size overflow");
+                return Void();
+            }
+            if (__builtin_add_overflow(destSize, numBytesOfEncryptedData, &destSize)) {
+                _hidl_cb(Status::BAD_VALUE, 0, "subsample encrypted size overflow");
+                return Void();
+            }
         }
 
         AString detailMessage;
@@ -137,11 +146,24 @@
                 _hidl_cb(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, 0, "invalid buffer size");
                 return Void();
             }
+
+            if (destSize > destBuffer.size) {
+                _hidl_cb(Status::BAD_VALUE, 0, "subsample sum too large");
+                return Void();
+            }
+
             destPtr = static_cast<void *>(base + destination.nonsecureMemory.offset);
         } else if (destination.type == BufferType::NATIVE_HANDLE) {
+            if (!secure) {
+                _hidl_cb(Status::BAD_VALUE, 0, "native handle destination must be secure");
+                return Void();
+            }
             native_handle_t *handle = const_cast<native_handle_t *>(
                     destination.secureMemory.getNativeHandle());
             destPtr = static_cast<void *>(handle);
+        } else {
+            _hidl_cb(Status::BAD_VALUE, 0, "invalid destination type");
+            return Void();
         }
         ssize_t result = mLegacyPlugin->decrypt(secure, keyId.data(), iv.data(),
                 legacyMode, legacyPattern, srcPtr, legacySubSamples.get(),
diff --git a/drm/1.0/default/OWNERS b/drm/1.0/default/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecb421c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/default/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+edwinwong@google.com
+fredgc@google.com
+jtinker@google.com
+kylealexander@google.com
+rfrias@google.com
+robertshih@google.com
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/OWNERS b/drm/1.0/vts/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecb421c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+edwinwong@google.com
+fredgc@google.com
+jtinker@google.com
+kylealexander@google.com
+rfrias@google.com
+robertshih@google.com
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 61d4d58..235bfb4 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -14,23 +14,78 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //
 
-cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalDrmV1_0TargetTest",
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "libdrmvtshelper",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    local_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "vendor_modules.cpp",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+       "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+}
+
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "android.hardware.drm@1.0-vts",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    local_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
     srcs: [
         "drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp",
         "drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp",
-        "vendor_modules.cpp"
     ],
-    static_libs: [
+    shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
         "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
         "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
         "libhidlmemory",
         "libnativehelper",
-        "libssl",
-        "libcrypto_static",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
+        "libcrypto_static",
+        "libdrmvtshelper",
+    ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
+        "libhidlmemory",
+        "libnativehelper",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalDrmV1_0TargetTest",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "drm_hal_test_main.cpp",
+    ],
+    whole_static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-vts",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
+        "libhidlmemory",
+        "libnativehelper",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
+        "libcrypto_static",
+        "libdrmvtshelper",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp
index 4a1892b..ebdc2d7 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp
@@ -16,117 +16,31 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "drm_hal_clearkey_test@1.0"
 
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/types.h>
-#include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
-#include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
-#include <log/log.h>
-#include <memory>
 #include <openssl/aes.h>
 #include <random>
 
-#include "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h"
-
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::BufferType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::DestinationBuffer;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoFactory;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoPlugin;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::IDrmFactory;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::IDrmPlugin;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyedVector;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyValue;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyRequestType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Mode;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Pattern;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStop;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStopId;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SessionId;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SharedBuffer;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Status;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SubSample;
-
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_memory;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
-using ::android::hardware::Return;
-using ::android::hidl::allocator::V1_0::IAllocator;
-using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
-using ::android::sp;
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h"
 
 using std::string;
-using std::unique_ptr;
 using std::random_device;
 using std::map;
 using std::mt19937;
 using std::vector;
 
-/**
- * These clearkey tests use white box knowledge of the legacy clearkey
- * plugin to verify that the HIDL HAL services and interfaces are working.
- * It is not intended to verify any vendor's HAL implementation. If you
- * are looking for vendor HAL tests, see drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
- */
-#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
-#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
-
-static const uint8_t kCommonPsshBoxUUID[16] = {
-    0x10, 0x77, 0xEF, 0xEC, 0xC0, 0xB2, 0x4D, 0x02,
-    0xAC, 0xE3, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x52, 0xE2, 0xFB, 0x4B};
-
-// To be used in mpd to specify drm scheme for players
-static const uint8_t kClearKeyUUID[16] = {
-    0xE2, 0x71, 0x9D, 0x58, 0xA9, 0x85, 0xB3, 0xC9,
-    0x78, 0x1A, 0xB0, 0x30, 0xAF, 0x78, 0xD3, 0x0E};
-
 static const uint8_t kInvalidUUID[16] = {
     0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40, 0x50, 0x60, 0x70, 0x80,
     0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40, 0x50, 0x60, 0x70, 0x80};
 
-class DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
-    virtual void SetUp() override {
-        const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
-                ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
-        ALOGD("Running test %s.%s", test_info->test_case_name(),
-              test_info->name());
-
-        drmFactory =
-                ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IDrmFactory>();
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmFactory.get());
-        cryptoFactory =
-                ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>();
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cryptoFactory.get());
-    }
-
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-   protected:
-    sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory;
-    sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory;
-};
-
-/**
- * Ensure the factory supports both Common Pssh Box UUID and Clearkey Scheme UUID
- */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, ClearKeyPluginSupported) {
-    EXPECT_TRUE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kCommonPsshBoxUUID));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kCommonPsshBoxUUID));
-
-    EXPECT_TRUE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kClearKeyUUID));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kClearKeyUUID));
-}
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace drm {
+namespace V1_0 {
+namespace vts {
 
 /**
  * Ensure the factory doesn't support an invalid scheme UUID
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, InvalidPluginNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, InvalidPluginNotSupported) {
     EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kInvalidUUID));
     EXPECT_FALSE(cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kInvalidUUID));
 }
@@ -134,7 +48,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure the factory doesn't support an empty UUID
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, EmptyPluginUUIDNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, EmptyPluginUUIDNotSupported) {
     hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> emptyUUID;
     memset(emptyUUID.data(), 0, 16);
     EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(emptyUUID));
@@ -144,7 +58,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure empty content type is not supported
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, EmptyContentTypeNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, EmptyContentTypeNotSupported) {
     hidl_string empty;
     EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isContentTypeSupported(empty));
 }
@@ -152,7 +66,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure invalid content type is not supported
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, InvalidContentTypeNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, InvalidContentTypeNotSupported) {
     hidl_string invalid("abcdabcd");
     EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isContentTypeSupported(invalid));
 }
@@ -160,7 +74,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure valid content type is supported
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, ValidContentTypeSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, ValidContentTypeSupported) {
     hidl_string cencType("cenc");
     EXPECT_TRUE(drmFactory->isContentTypeSupported(cencType));
 }
@@ -168,7 +82,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure clearkey drm plugin can be created using Common Pssh Box UUID
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyDrmPluginUsingCommonPsshBoxUuid) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyDrmPluginUsingCommonPsshBoxUuid) {
     hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
     auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
             kCommonPsshBoxUUID, packageName,
@@ -182,7 +96,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure clearkey drm plugin can be created using ClearKey UUID
  */
- TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyDrmPluginUsingClearKeyUuid) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyDrmPluginUsingClearKeyUuid) {
     hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
     auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
             kClearKeyUUID, packageName,
@@ -196,7 +110,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure clearkey crypto plugin can be created using Common Pssh Box UUID
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyCryptoPluginUsingCommonPsshBoxUuid) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyCryptoPluginUsingCommonPsshBoxUuid) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
     auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
             kCommonPsshBoxUUID, initVec,
@@ -210,7 +124,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure clearkey crypto plugin can be created using ClearKey UUID
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyCryptoPluginUsingClearKeyUuid) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateClearKeyCryptoPluginUsingClearKeyUuid) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
     auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
             kClearKeyUUID, initVec,
@@ -224,7 +138,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure invalid drm plugin can't be created
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateInvalidDrmPlugin) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateInvalidDrmPlugin) {
     hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
     auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
             kInvalidUUID, packageName,
@@ -238,7 +152,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure invalid crypto plugin can't be created
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateInvalidCryptoPlugin) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, CreateInvalidCryptoPlugin) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
     auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
             kInvalidUUID, initVec,
@@ -249,46 +163,6 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-class DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest : public DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest {
-   public:
-    virtual void SetUp() override {
-        // Create factories
-        DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest::SetUp();
-
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmFactory.get());
-        hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
-        auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
-                kClearKeyUUID, packageName,
-                [this](Status status, const sp<IDrmPlugin>& plugin) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
-                    drmPlugin = plugin;
-                });
-        ASSERT_OK(res);
-
-        hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
-        res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
-                kClearKeyUUID, initVec,
-                [this](Status status, const sp<ICryptoPlugin>& plugin) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
-                    cryptoPlugin = plugin;
-                });
-        ASSERT_OK(res);
-    }
-
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-    SessionId openSession();
-    void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
-    hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId, const KeyType& type);
-    sp<IMemory> getDecryptMemory(size_t size, size_t index);
-
-   protected:
-    sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
-    sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
-};
-
 /**
  *  DrmPlugin tests
  */
@@ -298,7 +172,7 @@
  * the clearkey plugin doesn't support provisioning, it is
  * expected to return Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetProvisionRequest) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetProvisionRequest) {
     hidl_string certificateType;
     hidl_string certificateAuthority;
     auto res = drmPlugin->getProvisionRequest(
@@ -314,7 +188,7 @@
  * The DRM HAL should return BAD_VALUE if an empty provisioning
  * response is provided.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideEmptyProvisionResponse) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideEmptyProvisionResponse) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> response;
     auto res = drmPlugin->provideProvisionResponse(
             response, [&](Status status, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&,
@@ -412,7 +286,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that a session can be opened and closed
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, OpenCloseSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, OpenCloseSession) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     closeSession(sessionId);
 }
@@ -421,7 +295,7 @@
  * Test that attempting to close an invalid (empty) sessionId
  * is prohibited with the documented error code.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, CloseInvalidSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, CloseInvalidSession) {
     SessionId invalidSessionId;
     Status result = drmPlugin->closeSession(invalidSessionId);
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::BAD_VALUE, result);
@@ -431,7 +305,7 @@
  * Test that attempting to close a session that is already closed
  * is prohibited with the documented error code.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, CloseClosedSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, CloseClosedSession) {
     SessionId sessionId = openSession();
     closeSession(sessionId);
     Status result = drmPlugin->closeSession(sessionId);
@@ -441,7 +315,7 @@
 /**
  * A get key request should fail if no sessionId is provided
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetKeyRequestNoSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetKeyRequestNoSession) {
     SessionId invalidSessionId;
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initData;
     hidl_string mimeType = "video/mp4";
@@ -459,7 +333,7 @@
  * Test that the plugin returns the expected error code in
  * this case.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetKeyRequestOfflineKeyTypeNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetKeyRequestOfflineKeyTypeNotSupported) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initData;
     hidl_string mimeType = "video/mp4";
@@ -481,7 +355,7 @@
  * case of attempting to generate a key request using an
  * invalid mime type
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetKeyRequestBadMime) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetKeyRequestBadMime) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initData;
     hidl_string mimeType = "video/unknown";
@@ -499,7 +373,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that a closed sessionID returns SESSION_NOT_OPENED
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideKeyResponseClosedSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideKeyResponseClosedSession) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     closeSession(session);
 
@@ -517,7 +391,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that an empty sessionID returns BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideKeyResponseInvalidSessionId) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideKeyResponseInvalidSessionId) {
     SessionId session;
 
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keyResponse = {0x7b, 0x22, 0x6b, 0x65,
@@ -534,7 +408,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that an empty key response returns BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideKeyResponseEmptyResponse) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ProvideKeyResponseEmptyResponse) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> emptyResponse;
     auto res = drmPlugin->provideKeyResponse(
@@ -550,7 +424,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that a removeKeys on an empty sessionID returns BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RemoveKeysEmptySessionId) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RemoveKeysEmptySessionId) {
     SessionId sessionId;
     Status status = drmPlugin->removeKeys(sessionId);
     EXPECT_TRUE(status == Status::BAD_VALUE);
@@ -559,7 +433,7 @@
 /**
  * Remove keys is not supported for clearkey.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RemoveKeysNewSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RemoveKeysNewSession) {
     SessionId sessionId = openSession();
     Status status = drmPlugin->removeKeys(sessionId);
     // Clearkey plugin doesn't support remove keys
@@ -571,7 +445,7 @@
  * Test that ClearKey cannot handle key restoring.
  * Expected message is Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RestoreKeysCannotHandle) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RestoreKeysCannotHandle) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keySetId = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1};
     SessionId sessionId = openSession();
     Status status = drmPlugin->restoreKeys(sessionId, keySetId);
@@ -583,7 +457,7 @@
  * Test that restoreKeys fails with a null key set ID.
  * Error message is expected to be Status::BAD_VALUE.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RestoreKeysNull) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RestoreKeysNull) {
     SessionId sessionId = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> nullKeySetId;
     Status status = drmPlugin->restoreKeys(sessionId, nullKeySetId);
@@ -595,7 +469,7 @@
  * Test that the clearkey plugin doesn't support getting
  * secure stops.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetSecureStops) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetSecureStops) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getSecureStops(
             [&](Status status, const hidl_vec<SecureStop>&) {
                 // Clearkey plugin doesn't support secure stops
@@ -608,7 +482,7 @@
  * Test that the clearkey plugin returns BAD_VALUE if
  * an empty ssid is provided.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetSecureStopEmptySSID) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetSecureStopEmptySSID) {
     SecureStopId ssid;
     auto res = drmPlugin->getSecureStop(
             ssid, [&](Status status, const SecureStop&) {
@@ -621,7 +495,7 @@
  * Test that releasing all secure stops isn't handled by
  * clearkey.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ReleaseAllSecureStops) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ReleaseAllSecureStops) {
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE,
               drmPlugin->releaseAllSecureStops());
 }
@@ -630,7 +504,7 @@
  * Test that releasing a specific secure stop with an empty
  * SSID returns BAD_VALUE.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ReleaseSecureStopEmptySSID) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, ReleaseSecureStopEmptySSID) {
     SecureStopId ssid;
     Status status = drmPlugin->releaseSecureStop(ssid);
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::BAD_VALUE, status);
@@ -641,7 +515,7 @@
  * defined in the MediaDrm API are supported by
  * the plugin.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetVendorProperty) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetVendorProperty) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getPropertyString(
             "vendor", [&](Status status, const hidl_string& value) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
@@ -650,7 +524,7 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetVersionProperty) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetVersionProperty) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getPropertyString(
             "version", [&](Status status, const hidl_string& value) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
@@ -659,7 +533,7 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetDescriptionProperty) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetDescriptionProperty) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getPropertyString(
             "description", [&](Status status, const hidl_string& value) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
@@ -668,7 +542,7 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetAlgorithmsProperty) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetAlgorithmsProperty) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getPropertyString(
             "algorithms", [&](Status status, const hidl_string& value) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
@@ -681,7 +555,7 @@
  * Test that attempting to read invalid string and byte array
  * properties returns the documented error code.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetInvalidStringProperty) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetInvalidStringProperty) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getPropertyString(
             "invalid", [&](Status status, const hidl_string&) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, status);
@@ -689,7 +563,7 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetByteArrayPropertyNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GetByteArrayPropertyNotSupported) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getPropertyByteArray(
             "deviceUniqueId", [&](Status status, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, status);
@@ -701,12 +575,12 @@
  * Clearkey doesn't support setting string or byte array properties,
  * particularly an undefined one.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetStringPropertyNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetStringPropertyNotSupported) {
     Status status = drmPlugin->setPropertyString("property", "value");
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, status);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetByteArrayPropertyNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetByteArrayPropertyNotSupported) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> value;
     Status status = drmPlugin->setPropertyByteArray("property", value);
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, status);
@@ -715,7 +589,7 @@
 /**
  * Clearkey doesn't support setting cipher algorithms, verify it
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetCipherAlgorithmNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetCipherAlgorithmNotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_string algorithm = "AES/CBC/NoPadding";
     Status status = drmPlugin->setCipherAlgorithm(session, algorithm);
@@ -726,7 +600,7 @@
 /**
  * Setting an empty algorithm should return BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetCipherEmptyAlgorithm) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetCipherEmptyAlgorithm) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_string algorithm;
     Status status = drmPlugin->setCipherAlgorithm(session, algorithm);
@@ -737,7 +611,7 @@
 /**
  * Setting a cipher algorithm with no session returns BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetCipherAlgorithmNoSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetCipherAlgorithmNoSession) {
     SessionId session;
     hidl_string algorithm = "AES/CBC/NoPadding";
     Status status = drmPlugin->setCipherAlgorithm(session, algorithm);
@@ -747,7 +621,7 @@
 /**
  * Clearkey doesn't support setting mac algorithms, verify it
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMacAlgorithmNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMacAlgorithmNotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_string algorithm = "HmacSHA256";
     Status status = drmPlugin->setMacAlgorithm(session, algorithm);
@@ -758,7 +632,7 @@
 /**
  * Setting an empty algorithm should return BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMacEmptyAlgorithm) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMacEmptyAlgorithm) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_string algorithm;
     Status status = drmPlugin->setMacAlgorithm(session, algorithm);
@@ -769,7 +643,7 @@
 /**
  * Setting a mac algorithm with no session should return BAD_VALUE
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMacAlgorithmNoSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMacAlgorithmNoSession) {
     SessionId session;
     hidl_string algorithm = "HmacSHA256";
     Status status = drmPlugin->setMacAlgorithm(session, algorithm);
@@ -786,7 +660,7 @@
  *
  * Clearkey doesn't support generic encrypt/decrypt/sign/verify.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericEncryptNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericEncryptNotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
 
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keyId = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1};
@@ -801,7 +675,7 @@
     closeSession(session);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericDecryptNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericDecryptNotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keyId = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1};
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> input = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
@@ -815,7 +689,7 @@
     closeSession(session);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericSignNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericSignNotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
 
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keyId = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1};
@@ -829,7 +703,7 @@
     closeSession(session);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericVerifyNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericVerifyNotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
 
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keyId = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1};
@@ -844,7 +718,7 @@
     closeSession(session);
 }
 
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericSignRSANotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, GenericSignRSANotSupported) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     hidl_string algorithm = "RSASSA-PSS-SHA1";
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> message = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
@@ -867,14 +741,14 @@
  * Clearkey doesn't support secure decoder and is expected to
  * return false.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RequiresSecureDecoder) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RequiresSecureDecoder) {
     EXPECT_FALSE(cryptoPlugin->requiresSecureDecoderComponent("cenc"));
 }
 
 /**
  * Verify that requiresSecureDecoderComponent handles empty mimetype
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RequiresSecureDecoderEmptyMimeType) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, RequiresSecureDecoderEmptyMimeType) {
     EXPECT_FALSE(cryptoPlugin->requiresSecureDecoderComponent(""));
 }
 
@@ -882,7 +756,7 @@
  * Exercise the NotifyResolution API. There is no observable result,
  * just call the method for coverage.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, NotifyResolution) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, NotifyResolution) {
     cryptoPlugin->notifyResolution(1920, 1080);
 }
 
@@ -919,7 +793,7 @@
  * Exercise the setMediaDrmSession method. setMediaDrmSession
  * is used to associate a drm session with a crypto session.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMediaDrmSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMediaDrmSession) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     EXPECT_TRUE(cryptoPlugin->setMediaDrmSession(sessionId).isOk());
     closeSession(sessionId);
@@ -928,7 +802,7 @@
 /**
  * setMediaDrmSession with a closed session id
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMediaDrmSessionClosedSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMediaDrmSessionClosedSession) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     closeSession(sessionId);
     Status status = cryptoPlugin->setMediaDrmSession(sessionId);
@@ -940,7 +814,7 @@
  * empty session clears the previously set session and should
  * return OK.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMediaDrmSessionEmptySession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, SetMediaDrmSessionEmptySession) {
     SessionId sessionId;
     EXPECT_TRUE(cryptoPlugin->setMediaDrmSession(sessionId).isOk());
 }
@@ -949,23 +823,6 @@
  * Decrypt tests
  */
 
-class DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest : public DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest {
-   public:
-    void fillRandom(const sp<IMemory>& memory);
-    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> toHidlArray(const vector<uint8_t>& vec) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(16u, vec.size());
-        return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&vec[0]);
-    }
-    uint32_t decrypt(Mode mode, uint8_t* iv, const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples,
-            const Pattern& pattern, Status status);
-    void aes_ctr_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
-            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
-    void aes_cbc_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
-            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
-    void decryptWithInvalidKeys(hidl_vec<uint8_t>& invalidResponse,
-            vector<uint8_t>& iv, const Pattern& noPattern, const vector<SubSample>& subSamples);
-};
-
 void DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest::fillRandom(const sp<IMemory>& memory) {
     random_device rd;
     mt19937 rand(rd());
@@ -1109,7 +966,7 @@
 /**
  * Test query key status
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, TestQueryKeyStatus) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, TestQueryKeyStatus) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     auto res = drmPlugin->queryKeyStatus(
         sessionId, [&](Status status, KeyedVector /* info */) { EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status); });
@@ -1121,7 +978,7 @@
 /**
  * Positive decrypt test.  "Decrypt" a single clear segment
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, ClearSegmentTest) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, ClearSegmentTest) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const uint32_t kByteCount = 256;
@@ -1143,7 +1000,7 @@
  * Positive decrypt test.  Decrypt a single segment using AES_CTR.
  * Verify data matches.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, EncryptedAesCtrSegmentTest) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, EncryptedAesCtrSegmentTest) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const uint32_t kClearBytes = 512;
@@ -1165,7 +1022,7 @@
 /**
  * Negative decrypt test. Decrypt without loading keys.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, EncryptedAesCtrSegmentTestNoKeys) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, EncryptedAesCtrSegmentTestNoKeys) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const vector<SubSample> subSamples = {
@@ -1211,7 +1068,7 @@
 /**
  * Negative decrypt test. Decrypt with invalid key.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, DecryptWithEmptyKey) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, DecryptWithEmptyKey) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const uint32_t kClearBytes = 512;
@@ -1248,7 +1105,7 @@
 /**
  * Negative decrypt test. Decrypt with a key exceeds AES_BLOCK_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, DecryptWithKeyTooLong) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, DecryptWithKeyTooLong) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const uint32_t kClearBytes = 512;
@@ -1275,3 +1132,9 @@
     memcpy(invalidResponse.data(), keyTooLongResponse.c_str(), kKeyTooLongResponseSize);
     decryptWithInvalidKeys(invalidResponse, iv, noPattern, subSamples);
 }
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V1_0
+}  // namespace drm
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd2538b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "drm_hal_vendor_test@1.0"
+
+#include "vendor_modules.h"
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_vendor_test.h"
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h"
+
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoFactory;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::IDrmFactory;
+
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::vts::DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::vts::DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::vts::DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest;
+
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::vts::DrmHalVendorFactoryTest;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::vts::DrmHalVendorPluginTest;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::vts::DrmHalVendorDecryptTest;
+
+/**
+ * Instantiate the set of test cases for each vendor module
+ */
+
+static const std::vector<DrmHalTestParam> kAllInstances = [] {
+    std::vector<std::string> drmInstances =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDrmFactory::descriptor);
+    std::vector<std::string> cryptoInstances =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ICryptoFactory::descriptor);
+    std::set<std::string> allInstances;
+    allInstances.insert(drmInstances.begin(), drmInstances.end());
+    allInstances.insert(cryptoInstances.begin(), cryptoInstances.end());
+
+    std::vector<DrmHalTestParam> allInstanceUuidCombos;
+    auto noUUID = [](std::string s) { return DrmHalTestParam(s); };
+    std::transform(allInstances.begin(), allInstances.end(),
+            std::back_inserter(allInstanceUuidCombos), noUUID);
+    return allInstanceUuidCombos;
+}();
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(DrmHalVendorFactoryTestCases, DrmHalVendorFactoryTest,
+                        testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                        drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(DrmHalVendorPluginTestCases, DrmHalVendorPluginTest,
+                        testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                        drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(DrmHalVendorDecryptTestCases, DrmHalVendorDecryptTest,
+                        testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                        drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest, testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                         drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest, testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                         drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest, testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                         drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString);
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..a8b5ade
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+include/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
index 20a2ca4..5c6c98b 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
@@ -16,163 +16,46 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "drm_hal_vendor_test@1.0"
 
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPluginListener.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/types.h>
-#include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
-#include <log/log.h>
-#include <memory>
 #include <openssl/aes.h>
 #include <random>
 
 #include "drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h"
 #include "vendor_modules.h"
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::BufferType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::DestinationBuffer;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::EventType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoFactory;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoPlugin;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::IDrmFactory;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::IDrmPlugin;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::IDrmPluginListener;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyedVector;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyRequestType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyStatus;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyStatusType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyValue;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Mode;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Pattern;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStop;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStopId;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SessionId;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SharedBuffer;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Status;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SubSample;
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_vendor_test.h"
 
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_memory;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
-using ::android::hardware::Return;
-using ::android::hardware::Void;
-using ::android::hidl::allocator::V1_0::IAllocator;
-using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
-using ::android::sp;
-
-using std::string;
-using std::unique_ptr;
 using std::random_device;
-using std::map;
 using std::mt19937;
-using std::vector;
-
-using ContentConfiguration = ::DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1::ContentConfiguration;
-using Key = ::DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1::ContentConfiguration::Key;
-using VtsTestBase = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase;
-
-#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
-#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
-
-#define RETURN_IF_SKIPPED \
-    if (!vendorModule->isInstalled()) { \
-        std::cout << "[  SKIPPED ] This drm scheme not supported." << \
-                " library:" << GetParam() << " service-name:" << \
-                vendorModule->getServiceName() << std::endl; \
-        return; \
-    }
 
 static const uint8_t kInvalidUUID[16] = {
         0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40, 0x50, 0x60, 0x70, 0x80,
         0x10, 0x20, 0x30, 0x40, 0x50, 0x60, 0x70, 0x80,
 };
 
-static drm_vts::VendorModules* gVendorModules = nullptr;
-
-// Test environment for drm
-class DrmHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static DrmHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static DrmHidlEnvironment* instance = new DrmHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
+static drm_vts::VendorModules* gVendorModules = [] {
+#if defined(__LP64__)
+    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/64/lib";
+#else
+    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/32/lib";
+#endif
+    auto modules = new drm_vts::VendorModules(kModulePath);
+    if (modules->getPathList().size() == 0) {
+        std::cerr << "WARNING: No vendor modules found in " << kModulePath <<
+                ", all vendor tests will be skipped" << std::endl;
     }
+    return modules;
+}();
 
-    void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<ICryptoFactory>();
-        registerTestService<IDrmFactory>();
-        setServiceCombMode(::testing::HalServiceCombMode::NO_COMBINATION);
-    }
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace drm {
+namespace V1_0 {
+namespace vts {
 
-   private:
-    DrmHidlEnvironment() {}
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(DrmHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class DrmHalVendorFactoryTest : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
-   public:
-    DrmHalVendorFactoryTest()
-        : vendorModule(static_cast<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1*>(
-                        gVendorModules->getModule(GetParam()))),
-          contentConfigurations(vendorModule->getContentConfigurations()) {}
-
-    virtual ~DrmHalVendorFactoryTest() {}
-
-    virtual void SetUp() {
-        const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
-                ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
-        ALOGD("Running test %s.%s from vendor module %s",
-              test_info->test_case_name(), test_info->name(),
-              GetParam().c_str());
-
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, vendorModule.get());
-
-        // First try the binderized service name provided by the vendor module.
-        // If that fails, which it can on non-binderized devices, try the default
-        // service.
-        string name = vendorModule->getServiceName();
-        drmFactory = VtsTestBase::getService<IDrmFactory>(name);
-        if (drmFactory == nullptr) {
-            drmFactory = VtsTestBase::getService<IDrmFactory>();
-        }
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmFactory.get());
-
-        // Do the same for the crypto factory
-        cryptoFactory = VtsTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>(name);
-        if (cryptoFactory == nullptr) {
-            cryptoFactory = VtsTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>();
-        }
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cryptoFactory.get());
-
-        // If drm scheme not installed skip subsequent tests
-        if (!drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getVendorUUID())) {
-            vendorModule->setInstalled(false);
-            return;
-        }
-    }
-
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-   protected:
-    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> getVendorUUID() {
-        vector<uint8_t> uuid = vendorModule->getUUID();
-        return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&uuid[0]);
-    }
-
-    sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory;
-    sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory;
-    unique_ptr<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1> vendorModule;
-    const vector<ContentConfiguration> contentConfigurations;
-};
+DrmHalVendorFactoryTest::DrmHalVendorFactoryTest()
+     : vendorModule(static_cast<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1*>(
+             gVendorModules->getModuleByName(GetParam().instance_))) {} // getModuleByName
 
 TEST_P(DrmHalVendorFactoryTest, ValidateConfigurations) {
     const char* kVendorStr = "Vendor module ";
@@ -220,8 +103,8 @@
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalVendorFactoryTest, PluginConfigUUIDSupported) {
     RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
-    EXPECT_TRUE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getVendorUUID()));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getVendorUUID()));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getUUID()));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getUUID()));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -257,7 +140,7 @@
     RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
     auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
-            getVendorUUID(), packageName,
+            getUUID(), packageName,
             [&](Status status, const sp<IDrmPlugin>& plugin) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
                 EXPECT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
@@ -272,7 +155,7 @@
     RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
     auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
-            getVendorUUID(), initVec,
+            getUUID(), initVec,
             [&](Status status, const sp<ICryptoPlugin>& plugin) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
                 EXPECT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
@@ -310,50 +193,6 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-class DrmHalVendorPluginTest : public DrmHalVendorFactoryTest {
-   public:
-    virtual ~DrmHalVendorPluginTest() {}
-    virtual void SetUp() override {
-        // Create factories
-        DrmHalVendorFactoryTest::SetUp();
-        RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
-
-        hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
-        auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
-                getVendorUUID(), packageName,
-                [this](Status status, const sp<IDrmPlugin>& plugin) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
-                    drmPlugin = plugin;
-                });
-        ASSERT_OK(res);
-
-        hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
-        res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
-                getVendorUUID(), initVec,
-                [this](Status status, const sp<ICryptoPlugin>& plugin) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
-                    cryptoPlugin = plugin;
-                });
-        ASSERT_OK(res);
-    }
-
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-    SessionId openSession();
-    void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
-    sp<IMemory> getDecryptMemory(size_t size, size_t index);
-    KeyedVector toHidlKeyedVector(const map<string, string>& params);
-    hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId,
-                               const ContentConfiguration& configuration,
-                               const KeyType& type);
-
-   protected:
-    sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
-    sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
-};
-
 /**
  *  DrmPlugin tests
  */
@@ -1218,7 +1057,7 @@
 
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 
-    sp<IMemory> mappedMemory = mapMemory(hidlMemory);
+    sp<IMemory> mappedMemory = android::hardware::mapMemory(hidlMemory);
     EXPECT_NE(nullptr, mappedMemory.get());
     res = cryptoPlugin->setSharedBufferBase(hidlMemory, index);
     EXPECT_OK(res);
@@ -1262,29 +1101,6 @@
  * Decrypt tests
  */
 
-class DrmHalVendorDecryptTest : public DrmHalVendorPluginTest {
-   public:
-    DrmHalVendorDecryptTest() = default;
-    virtual ~DrmHalVendorDecryptTest() {}
-
-   protected:
-    void fillRandom(const sp<IMemory>& memory);
-    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> toHidlArray(const vector<uint8_t>& vec) {
-        EXPECT_EQ(vec.size(), 16u);
-        return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&vec[0]);
-    }
-    hidl_vec<KeyValue> queryKeyStatus(SessionId sessionId);
-    void removeKeys(SessionId sessionId);
-    uint32_t decrypt(Mode mode, bool isSecure,
-            const hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>& keyId, uint8_t* iv,
-            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const Pattern& pattern,
-            const vector<uint8_t>& key, Status expectedStatus);
-    void aes_ctr_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
-            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
-    void aes_cbc_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
-            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
-};
-
 void DrmHalVendorDecryptTest::fillRandom(const sp<IMemory>& memory) {
     random_device rd;
     mt19937 rand(rd());
@@ -1591,38 +1407,8 @@
     }
 }
 
-
-/**
- * Instantiate the set of test cases for each vendor module
- */
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        DrmHalVendorFactoryTestCases, DrmHalVendorFactoryTest,
-        testing::ValuesIn(gVendorModules->getPathList()));
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        DrmHalVendorPluginTestCases, DrmHalVendorPluginTest,
-        testing::ValuesIn(gVendorModules->getPathList()));
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        DrmHalVendorDecryptTestCases, DrmHalVendorDecryptTest,
-        testing::ValuesIn(gVendorModules->getPathList()));
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-#if defined(__LP64__)
-    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/64/lib";
-#else
-    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/32/lib";
-#endif
-    gVendorModules = new drm_vts::VendorModules(kModulePath);
-    if (gVendorModules->getPathList().size() == 0) {
-        std::cerr << "WARNING: No vendor modules found in " << kModulePath <<
-                ", all vendor tests will be skipped" << std::endl;
-    }
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(DrmHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    DrmHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V1_0
+}  // namespace drm
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca707b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef DRM_HAL_CLEARKEY_TEST_H
+#define DRM_HAL_CLEARKEY_TEST_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoFactory.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmFactory.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include "drm_vts_helper.h"
+
+using ::android::hidl::allocator::V1_0::IAllocator;
+using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
+
+using ::drm_vts::DrmHalTestParam;
+using ::drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString;
+
+using std::string;
+using std::map;
+using std::vector;
+
+/**
+ * These clearkey tests use white box knowledge of the legacy clearkey
+ * plugin to verify that the HIDL HAL services and interfaces are working.
+ * It is not intended to verify any vendor's HAL implementation. If you
+ * are looking for vendor HAL tests, see drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
+ */
+#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace drm {
+namespace V1_0 {
+namespace vts {
+
+class DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<DrmHalTestParam> {
+  public:
+    void SetUp() override {
+        const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
+                ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
+        ALOGD("Running test %s.%s", test_info->test_case_name(),
+              test_info->name());
+
+        const std::string instanceName = GetParam().instance_;
+        drmFactory = IDrmFactory::getService(instanceName);
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmFactory.get());
+        cryptoFactory = ICryptoFactory::getService(instanceName);
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cryptoFactory.get());
+
+        const bool drmClearKey = drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kClearKeyUUID);
+        const bool cryptoClearKey = cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kClearKeyUUID);
+        EXPECT_EQ(drmClearKey, cryptoClearKey);
+        const bool supportsClearKey = drmClearKey && cryptoClearKey;
+
+        const bool drmCommonPsshBox = drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kCommonPsshBoxUUID);
+        const bool cryptoCommonPsshBox = cryptoFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kCommonPsshBoxUUID);
+        EXPECT_EQ(drmCommonPsshBox, cryptoCommonPsshBox);
+        const bool supportsCommonPsshBox = drmCommonPsshBox && cryptoCommonPsshBox;
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(supportsClearKey, supportsCommonPsshBox);
+        correspondsToThisTest = supportsClearKey && supportsCommonPsshBox;
+
+        if (instanceName == "clearkey") {
+            EXPECT_TRUE(correspondsToThisTest);
+
+            // TODO(b/147449315)
+            // Only the clearkey plugged into the "default" instance supports
+            // this test. Currently the "clearkey" instance fails some tests
+            // here.
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "Clearkey tests don't work with 'clearkey' instance yet.";
+        }
+
+        if (!correspondsToThisTest) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "Cannot test clearkey features on non-clearkey DRM modules";
+        }
+    }
+
+   protected:
+    static constexpr uint8_t kCommonPsshBoxUUID[16] = {
+        0x10, 0x77, 0xEF, 0xEC, 0xC0, 0xB2, 0x4D, 0x02,
+        0xAC, 0xE3, 0x3C, 0x1E, 0x52, 0xE2, 0xFB, 0x4B};
+
+    // To be used in mpd to specify drm scheme for players
+    static constexpr uint8_t kClearKeyUUID[16] = {
+        0xE2, 0x71, 0x9D, 0x58, 0xA9, 0x85, 0xB3, 0xC9,
+        0x78, 0x1A, 0xB0, 0x30, 0xAF, 0x78, 0xD3, 0x0E};
+
+    sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory;
+    sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory;
+
+    bool correspondsToThisTest;
+};
+
+class DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest : public DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest {
+   public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        // Create factories
+        DrmHalClearkeyFactoryTest::SetUp();
+
+        if (!correspondsToThisTest) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "Cannot test clearkey features on non-clearkey DRM modules";
+        }
+
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmFactory.get());
+        hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
+        auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
+                getUUID(), packageName,
+                [this](Status status, const sp<IDrmPlugin>& plugin) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
+                    drmPlugin = plugin;
+                });
+        ASSERT_OK(res);
+
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
+        res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
+                getUUID(), initVec,
+                [this](Status status, const sp<ICryptoPlugin>& plugin) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
+                    cryptoPlugin = plugin;
+                });
+        ASSERT_OK(res);
+    }
+
+    SessionId openSession();
+    void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId, const KeyType& type);
+    sp<IMemory> getDecryptMemory(size_t size, size_t index);
+
+   protected:
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> getUUID() {
+        if (GetParamUUID() == hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>()) {
+            return kClearKeyUUID;
+        }
+        return GetParamUUID();
+    }
+
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> GetParamUUID() {
+        return GetParam().scheme_;
+    }
+
+    sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
+    sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
+};
+
+class DrmHalClearkeyDecryptTest : public DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest {
+   public:
+     void SetUp() override {
+         DrmHalClearkeyPluginTest::SetUp();
+
+         if (!correspondsToThisTest) {
+             GTEST_SKIP() << "Cannot test clearkey features on non-clearkey DRM modules";
+         }
+     }
+    void fillRandom(const sp<IMemory>& memory);
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> toHidlArray(const vector<uint8_t>& vec) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(16u, vec.size());
+        return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&vec[0]);
+    }
+    uint32_t decrypt(Mode mode, uint8_t* iv, const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples,
+            const Pattern& pattern, Status status);
+    void aes_ctr_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
+            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
+    void aes_cbc_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
+            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
+    void decryptWithInvalidKeys(hidl_vec<uint8_t>& invalidResponse,
+            vector<uint8_t>& iv, const Pattern& noPattern, const vector<SubSample>& subSamples);
+};
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V1_0
+}  // namespace drm
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // DRM_HAL_CLEARKEY_TEST_H
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_vendor_test.h b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_vendor_test.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..468d335
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.0/vts/drm_hal_vendor_test.h
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef DRM_HAL_VENDOR_TEST_H
+#define DRM_HAL_VENDOR_TEST_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoFactory.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmFactory.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPluginListener.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <set>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h"
+#include "drm_vts_helper.h"
+#include "vendor_modules.h"
+#include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
+
+using ::android::hidl::allocator::V1_0::IAllocator;
+using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
+
+using ::drm_vts::DrmHalTestParam;
+using ::drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString;
+
+using std::string;
+using std::unique_ptr;
+using std::map;
+using std::vector;
+
+using ContentConfiguration = ::DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1::ContentConfiguration;
+using Key = ::DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1::ContentConfiguration::Key;
+
+#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+
+#define RETURN_IF_SKIPPED                                                                  \
+    if (vendorModule == nullptr || !vendorModule->isInstalled()) {                         \
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "This drm scheme not supported."                                   \
+                     << " library:" << GetParam() << " service-name:"                      \
+                     << (vendorModule == nullptr ? "N/A" : vendorModule->getServiceName()) \
+                     << std::endl;                                                         \
+        return;                                                                            \
+    }
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace drm {
+namespace V1_0 {
+namespace vts {
+
+class DrmHalVendorFactoryTest : public testing::TestWithParam<DrmHalTestParam> {
+   public:
+     DrmHalVendorFactoryTest();
+     virtual ~DrmHalVendorFactoryTest() {}
+
+     virtual void SetUp() {
+         const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
+                 ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
+         ALOGD("Running test %s.%s from vendor module %s", test_info->test_case_name(),
+               test_info->name(), GetParam().instance_.c_str());
+
+         const std::string instance = GetParam().instance_;
+         if (instance == "widevine") {
+             ASSERT_NE(nullptr, vendorModule.get());
+         }
+
+         if (vendorModule == nullptr) {
+             GTEST_SKIP() << "No vendor module available";
+         } else {
+             ASSERT_EQ(instance, vendorModule->getServiceName());
+             contentConfigurations = vendorModule->getContentConfigurations();
+         }
+
+         drmFactory = IDrmFactory::getService(instance);
+         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmFactory.get());
+         cryptoFactory = ICryptoFactory::getService(instance);
+         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cryptoFactory.get());
+
+         // If drm scheme not installed skip subsequent tests
+         if (!drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getUUID())) {
+             // no GTEST_SKIP since only some tests require the module
+             vendorModule->setInstalled(false);
+             hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> noUUID;
+             ASSERT_EQ(GetParamUUID(), noUUID) << "param uuid unsupported";
+         }
+     }
+
+   protected:
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> getUUID() {
+        if (GetParamUUID() == hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>()) {
+            return getVendorUUID();
+        }
+        return GetParamUUID();
+    }
+
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> getVendorUUID() {
+        if (vendorModule == nullptr) return {};
+        vector<uint8_t> uuid = vendorModule->getUUID();
+        return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&uuid[0]);
+    }
+
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> GetParamUUID() {
+        return GetParam().scheme_;
+    }
+
+    sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory;
+    sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory;
+    unique_ptr<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1> vendorModule;
+    vector<ContentConfiguration> contentConfigurations;
+};
+
+class DrmHalVendorPluginTest : public DrmHalVendorFactoryTest {
+   public:
+    virtual ~DrmHalVendorPluginTest() {}
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        // Create factories
+        DrmHalVendorFactoryTest::SetUp();
+        RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
+
+        hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
+        auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
+                getVendorUUID(), packageName,
+                [this](Status status, const sp<IDrmPlugin>& plugin) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
+                    drmPlugin = plugin;
+                });
+        ASSERT_OK(res);
+
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
+        res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
+                getVendorUUID(), initVec,
+                [this](Status status, const sp<ICryptoPlugin>& plugin) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
+                    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, plugin.get());
+                    cryptoPlugin = plugin;
+                });
+        ASSERT_OK(res);
+    }
+
+    virtual void TearDown() override {}
+
+    SessionId openSession();
+    void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
+    sp<IMemory> getDecryptMemory(size_t size, size_t index);
+    KeyedVector toHidlKeyedVector(const map<string, string>& params);
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId,
+                               const ContentConfiguration& configuration,
+                               const KeyType& type);
+
+   protected:
+    sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
+    sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
+};
+
+class DrmHalVendorDecryptTest : public DrmHalVendorPluginTest {
+   public:
+    DrmHalVendorDecryptTest() = default;
+    virtual ~DrmHalVendorDecryptTest() {}
+
+   protected:
+    void fillRandom(const sp<IMemory>& memory);
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> toHidlArray(const vector<uint8_t>& vec) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(vec.size(), 16u);
+        return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&vec[0]);
+    }
+    hidl_vec<KeyValue> queryKeyStatus(SessionId sessionId);
+    void removeKeys(SessionId sessionId);
+    uint32_t decrypt(Mode mode, bool isSecure,
+            const hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>& keyId, uint8_t* iv,
+            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const Pattern& pattern,
+            const vector<uint8_t>& key, Status expectedStatus);
+    void aes_ctr_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
+            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
+    void aes_cbc_decrypt(uint8_t* dest, uint8_t* src, uint8_t* iv,
+            const hidl_vec<SubSample>& subSamples, const vector<uint8_t>& key);
+};
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V1_0
+}  // namespace drm
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // DRM_HAL_VENDOR_TEST_H
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h
similarity index 100%
rename from drm/1.0/vts/functional/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h
rename to drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/drm_vts_helper.h b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/drm_vts_helper.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f02af9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/drm_vts_helper.h
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef DRM_VTS_HELPER_H
+#define DRM_VTS_HELPER_H
+
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+
+#include <array>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <map>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace drm_vts {
+
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
+
+struct DrmHalTestParam {
+    const std::string instance_;
+    const hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> scheme_{};
+    DrmHalTestParam(const std::string& instance) : instance_(instance) {}
+    DrmHalTestParam(const std::string& instance, const hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>& scheme)
+        : instance_(instance), scheme_(scheme) {}
+};
+
+inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& stream, const DrmHalTestParam& val) {
+      stream << val.instance_ << ", " << android::hardware::toString(val.scheme_);
+      return stream;
+}
+
+inline std::string PrintParamInstanceToString(
+        const testing::TestParamInfo<DrmHalTestParam>& info) {
+    // test names need to be unique -> index prefix
+    std::string name = std::to_string(info.index) + "/" + info.param.instance_;
+    return android::hardware::Sanitize(name);
+};
+
+}  // namespace drm_vts
+
+#endif  // DRM_VTS_HELPER_H
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.h b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/vendor_modules.h
similarity index 93%
rename from drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.h
rename to drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/vendor_modules.h
index 8330b0a..3f6fa15 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.h
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/include/vendor_modules.h
@@ -51,6 +51,11 @@
      */
     std::vector<std::string> getPathList() const {return mPathList;}
 
+    /**
+     * Retrieve a DrmHalVTSVendorModule given a service name.
+     */
+    DrmHalVTSVendorModule* getModuleByName(const std::string& name);
+
    private:
     std::vector<std::string> mPathList;
     std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<SharedLibrary>> mOpenLibraries;
diff --git a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp
index 98430f5..53927bd 100644
--- a/drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.0/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <utils/String8.h>
 #include <SharedLibrary.h>
 
+#include "drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h"
 #include "vendor_modules.h"
 
 using std::string;
@@ -69,4 +70,15 @@
     ModuleFactory moduleFactory = reinterpret_cast<ModuleFactory>(symbol);
     return (*moduleFactory)();
 }
+
+DrmHalVTSVendorModule* VendorModules::getModuleByName(const string& name) {
+    for (const auto &path : mPathList) {
+        auto module = getModule(path);
+        if (module->getServiceName() == name) {
+            return module;
+        }
+
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
 };
diff --git a/drm/1.1/vts/OWNERS b/drm/1.1/vts/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecb421c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.1/vts/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+edwinwong@google.com
+fredgc@google.com
+jtinker@google.com
+kylealexander@google.com
+rfrias@google.com
+robertshih@google.com
diff --git a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 47b02bf..e08d760 100644
--- a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -14,21 +14,59 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //
 
-cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalDrmV1_1TargetTest",
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "android.hardware.drm@1.1-vts",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
-    srcs: [
-        "drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp"
+    include_dirs: [
+        "hardware/interfaces/drm/1.0/vts/functional",
     ],
-    static_libs: [
+    local_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
         "android.hardware.drm@1.1",
-        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
         "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
         "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
         "libhidlmemory",
         "libnativehelper",
-        "libssl",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libdrmvtshelper",
+    ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.1",
+        "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
+        "libhidlmemory",
+        "libnativehelper",
+    ],
+    export_static_lib_headers: [
+        "libdrmvtshelper",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalDrmV1_1TargetTest",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "drm_hal_test_main.cpp",
+    ],
+    whole_static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.1-vts"
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.1",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp
index 6be30d3..fba9733 100644
--- a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_clearkey_test.cpp
@@ -16,256 +16,22 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "drm_hal_clearkey_test@1.1"
 
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/ICryptoFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/IDrmFactory.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/IDrmPlugin.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/types.h>
-#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/types.h>
-#include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
-#include <android/hidl/manager/1.2/IServiceManager.h>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
-#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
-#include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
-#include <memory>
-#include <openssl/aes.h>
-#include <random>
+#include <vector>
 
-#include "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h"
-#include "VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h"
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.1/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h"
 
-namespace drm = ::android::hardware::drm;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::BufferType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::DestinationBuffer;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoPlugin;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyedVector;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyValue;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Mode;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Pattern;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStop;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStopId;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SessionId;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SharedBuffer;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Status;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SubSample;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SubSample;
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace drm {
+namespace V1_1 {
+namespace vts {
 
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::DrmMetricGroup;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::HdcpLevel;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::ICryptoFactory;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::IDrmFactory;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::IDrmPlugin;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::KeyRequestType;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::SecureStopRelease;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::SecurityLevel;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::SecurityLevel;
-
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_memory;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
-using ::android::hardware::Return;
-using ::android::hidl::allocator::V1_0::IAllocator;
-using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
-using ::android::sp;
-
-using std::string;
-using std::unique_ptr;
-using std::random_device;
-using std::map;
-using std::mt19937;
-using std::vector;
-
-/**
- * These clearkey tests use white box knowledge of the legacy clearkey
- * plugin to verify that the HIDL HAL services and interfaces are working.
- * It is not intended to verify any vendor's HAL implementation. If you
- * are looking for vendor HAL tests, see drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
- */
-#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
-#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
-
-// To be used in mpd to specify drm scheme for players
-static const uint8_t kClearKeyUUID[16] = {
+const uint8_t kClearKeyUUID[16] = {
     0xE2, 0x71, 0x9D, 0x58, 0xA9, 0x85, 0xB3, 0xC9,
-    0x78, 0x1A, 0xB0, 0x30, 0xAF, 0x78, 0xD3, 0x0E};
-
-// Test environment for drm
-class DrmHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static DrmHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static DrmHidlEnvironment* instance = new DrmHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void HidlSetUp() override { ALOGI("SetUp DrmHidlEnvironment"); }
-
-    virtual void HidlTearDown() override { ALOGI("TearDown DrmHidlEnvironment"); }
-
-    void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<ICryptoFactory>();
-        registerTestService<IDrmFactory>();
-        setServiceCombMode(::testing::HalServiceCombMode::NO_COMBINATION);
-    }
-
-   private:
-    DrmHidlEnvironment() {}
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(DrmHidlEnvironment);
+    0x78, 0x1A, 0xB0, 0x30, 0xAF, 0x78, 0xD3, 0x0E
 };
 
-
-class DrmHalClearkeyTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-public:
-    virtual void SetUp() override {
-        const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
-                ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
-
-        ALOGD("DrmHalClearkeyTest: Running test %s.%s", test_info->test_case_name(),
-                test_info->name());
-
-        auto manager = android::hardware::defaultServiceManager1_2();
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, manager.get());
-        manager->listManifestByInterface(IDrmFactory::descriptor,
-                [&](const hidl_vec<hidl_string> &registered) {
-                    for (const auto &instance : registered) {
-                        sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory =
-                                ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IDrmFactory>(instance);
-                        drmPlugin = createDrmPlugin(drmFactory);
-                        if (drmPlugin != nullptr) {
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            );
-
-        manager->listManifestByInterface(ICryptoFactory::descriptor,
-                [&](const hidl_vec<hidl_string> &registered) {
-                    for (const auto &instance : registered) {
-                        sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory =
-                                ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>(instance);
-                        cryptoPlugin = createCryptoPlugin(cryptoFactory);
-                        if (cryptoPlugin != nullptr) {
-                            break;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-            );
-
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmPlugin.get()) << "Can't find clearkey drm@1.1 plugin";
-        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cryptoPlugin.get()) << "Can't find clearkey crypto@1.1 plugin";
-    }
-
-
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-    SessionId openSession();
-    SessionId openSession(SecurityLevel level);
-    void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
-    hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId, const KeyType& type);
-
-  private:
-    sp<IDrmPlugin> createDrmPlugin(sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory) {
-        if (drmFactory == nullptr) {
-            return nullptr;
-        }
-        sp<IDrmPlugin> plugin = nullptr;
-        auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
-                kClearKeyUUID, "",
-                        [&](Status status, const sp<drm::V1_0::IDrmPlugin>& pluginV1_0) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    plugin = IDrmPlugin::castFrom(pluginV1_0);
-                });
-
-        if (!res.isOk()) {
-            ALOGE("createDrmPlugin remote call failed");
-        }
-        return plugin;
-    }
-
-    sp<ICryptoPlugin> createCryptoPlugin(sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory) {
-        if (cryptoFactory == nullptr) {
-            return nullptr;
-        }
-        sp<ICryptoPlugin> plugin = nullptr;
-        hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
-        auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
-                kClearKeyUUID, initVec,
-                        [&](Status status, const sp<drm::V1_0::ICryptoPlugin>& pluginV1_0) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                    plugin = pluginV1_0;
-                });
-        if (!res.isOk()) {
-            ALOGE("createCryptoPlugin remote call failed");
-        }
-        return plugin;
-    }
-
-protected:
- template <typename CT>
- bool ValueEquals(DrmMetricGroup::ValueType type, const std::string& expected, const CT& actual) {
-     return type == DrmMetricGroup::ValueType::STRING_TYPE && expected == actual.stringValue;
- }
-
- template <typename CT>
- bool ValueEquals(DrmMetricGroup::ValueType type, const int64_t expected, const CT& actual) {
-     return type == DrmMetricGroup::ValueType::INT64_TYPE && expected == actual.int64Value;
- }
-
- template <typename CT>
- bool ValueEquals(DrmMetricGroup::ValueType type, const double expected, const CT& actual) {
-     return type == DrmMetricGroup::ValueType::DOUBLE_TYPE && expected == actual.doubleValue;
- }
-
- template <typename AT, typename VT>
- bool ValidateMetricAttributeAndValue(const DrmMetricGroup::Metric& metric,
-                                      const std::string& attributeName, const AT& attributeValue,
-                                      const std::string& componentName, const VT& componentValue) {
-     bool validAttribute = false;
-     bool validComponent = false;
-     for (const DrmMetricGroup::Attribute& attribute : metric.attributes) {
-         if (attribute.name == attributeName &&
-             ValueEquals(attribute.type, attributeValue, attribute)) {
-             validAttribute = true;
-         }
-     }
-     for (const DrmMetricGroup::Value& value : metric.values) {
-         if (value.componentName == componentName &&
-             ValueEquals(value.type, componentValue, value)) {
-             validComponent = true;
-         }
-     }
-     return validAttribute && validComponent;
- }
-
- template <typename AT, typename VT>
- bool ValidateMetricAttributeAndValue(const hidl_vec<DrmMetricGroup>& metricGroups,
-                                      const std::string& metricName,
-                                      const std::string& attributeName, const AT& attributeValue,
-                                      const std::string& componentName, const VT& componentValue) {
-     bool foundMetric = false;
-     for (const auto& group : metricGroups) {
-         for (const auto& metric : group.metrics) {
-             if (metric.name == metricName) {
-                 foundMetric = foundMetric || ValidateMetricAttributeAndValue(
-                                                  metric, attributeName, attributeValue,
-                                                  componentName, componentValue);
-             }
-         }
-     }
-     return foundMetric;
- }
-
- sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
- sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
-};
-
-
 /**
  * Helper method to open a session and verify that a non-empty
  * session ID is returned
@@ -371,7 +137,7 @@
 /**
  * Test openSession negative case: security level higher than supported
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, OpenSessionBadLevel) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, OpenSessionBadLevel) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->openSession_1_1(SecurityLevel::HW_SECURE_ALL,
             [&](Status status, const SessionId& /* id */) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(Status::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE, status);
@@ -382,7 +148,7 @@
 /**
  * Test getKeyRequest_1_1 via loadKeys
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequest) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequest) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     loadKeys(sessionId);
     closeSession(sessionId);
@@ -391,7 +157,7 @@
 /**
  * A get key request should fail if no sessionId is provided
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequestNoSession) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequestNoSession) {
     SessionId invalidSessionId;
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initData;
     hidl_string mimeType = "video/mp4";
@@ -409,7 +175,7 @@
  * Test that the plugin returns the expected error code in
  * this case.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequestOfflineKeyTypeNotSupported) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequestOfflineKeyTypeNotSupported) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initData;
     hidl_string mimeType = "video/mp4";
@@ -429,7 +195,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that the plugin returns valid connected and max HDCP levels
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetHdcpLevels) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetHdcpLevels) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getHdcpLevels(
             [&](Status status, const HdcpLevel &connectedLevel,
                 const HdcpLevel &maxLevel) {
@@ -448,7 +214,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that the plugin returns default open and max session counts
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetDefaultSessionCounts) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetDefaultSessionCounts) {
     auto res = drmPlugin->getNumberOfSessions(
             [&](Status status, uint32_t currentSessions,
                     uint32_t maxSessions) {
@@ -464,7 +230,7 @@
  * Test that the plugin returns valid open and max session counts
  * after a session is opened.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetOpenSessionCounts) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetOpenSessionCounts) {
     uint32_t initialSessions = 0;
     auto res = drmPlugin->getNumberOfSessions(
             [&](Status status, uint32_t currentSessions,
@@ -505,7 +271,7 @@
  * Test that the plugin returns the same security level
  * by default as when it is requested explicitly
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetDefaultSecurityLevel) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetDefaultSecurityLevel) {
     SessionId session = openSession();
     SecurityLevel defaultLevel;
     auto res = drmPlugin->getSecurityLevel(session,
@@ -530,7 +296,7 @@
  * Test that the plugin returns the lowest security level
  * when it is requested
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecurityLevel) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecurityLevel) {
     SessionId session = openSession(SecurityLevel::SW_SECURE_CRYPTO);
     auto res = drmPlugin->getSecurityLevel(session,
             [&](Status status, SecurityLevel level) {
@@ -545,7 +311,7 @@
  * Test that the plugin returns the documented error
  * when requesting the security level for an invalid sessionId
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecurityLevelInvalidSessionId) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecurityLevelInvalidSessionId) {
     SessionId session;
     auto res = drmPlugin->getSecurityLevel(session,
             [&](Status status, SecurityLevel /*level*/) {
@@ -557,7 +323,7 @@
 /**
  * Test metrics are set appropriately for open and close operations.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetMetricsOpenClose) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetMetricsOpenClose) {
     SessionId sessionId = openSession();
     // The first close should be successful.
     closeSession(sessionId);
@@ -589,7 +355,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that there are no secure stop ids after clearing them
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopIdsCleared) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopIdsCleared) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -604,7 +370,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that there are secure stop ids after loading keys once
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopIdsOnce) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopIdsOnce) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -639,7 +405,7 @@
  * Test that the clearkey plugin reports no secure stops when
  * there are none.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetNoSecureStops) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetNoSecureStops) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -654,7 +420,7 @@
 /**
  * Test get/remove of one secure stop
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetOneSecureStopAndRemoveIt) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetOneSecureStopAndRemoveIt) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -688,7 +454,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that there are no secure stops after clearing them
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopsCleared) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopsCleared) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -703,7 +469,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that there are secure stops after loading keys once
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopsOnce) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetSecureStopsOnce) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -738,7 +504,7 @@
  * Test that releasing a secure stop with empty
  * release message fails with the documented error
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, ReleaseEmptySecureStop) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, ReleaseEmptySecureStop) {
     SecureStopRelease emptyRelease = {.opaqueData = hidl_vec<uint8_t>()};
     Status status = drmPlugin->releaseSecureStops(emptyRelease);
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::BAD_VALUE, status);
@@ -763,8 +529,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that releasing one secure stop works
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, ReleaseOneSecureStop) {
-
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, ReleaseOneSecureStop) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -792,12 +557,11 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-
 /**
  * Test that removing a secure stop with an empty ID returns
  * documented error
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, RemoveEmptySecureStopId) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, RemoveEmptySecureStopId) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> emptyId;
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeSecureStop(emptyId);
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
@@ -808,7 +572,7 @@
  * Test that removing a secure stop after it has already
  * been removed fails with the documented error code.
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, RemoveRemovedSecureStopId) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, RemoveRemovedSecureStopId) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -835,7 +599,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that removing a secure stop by id works
  */
-TEST_F(DrmHalClearkeyTest, RemoveSecureStopById) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, RemoveSecureStopById) {
     auto stat = drmPlugin->removeAllSecureStops();
     EXPECT_OK(stat);
 
@@ -863,12 +627,8 @@
     EXPECT_OK(res);
 }
 
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(DrmHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    DrmHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V1_1
+}  // namespace drm
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6965bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <set>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.1/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h"
+
+using android::hardware::drm::V1_1::ICryptoFactory;
+using android::hardware::drm::V1_1::IDrmFactory;
+using android::hardware::drm::V1_1::vts::DrmHalClearkeyTest;
+using android::hardware::drm::V1_1::vts::kClearKeyUUID;
+
+static const std::vector<DrmHalTestParam> kAllInstances = [] {
+    std::vector<std::string> drmInstances =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDrmFactory::descriptor);
+    std::vector<std::string> cryptoInstances =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ICryptoFactory::descriptor);
+    std::set<std::string> allInstances;
+    allInstances.insert(drmInstances.begin(), drmInstances.end());
+    allInstances.insert(cryptoInstances.begin(), cryptoInstances.end());
+
+    std::vector<DrmHalTestParam> allInstancesWithClearKeyUuid;
+    std::transform(allInstances.begin(), allInstances.end(),
+            std::back_inserter(allInstancesWithClearKeyUuid),
+            [](std::string s) { return DrmHalTestParam(s, kClearKeyUUID); });
+    return allInstancesWithClearKeyUuid;
+}();
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, DrmHalClearkeyTest, testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                         PrintParamInstanceToString);
diff --git a/drm/1.1/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.1/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.1/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e21a2c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.1/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.1/vts/drm_hal_clearkey_test.h
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef V1_1_DRM_HAL_CLEARKEY_TEST_H
+#define V1_1_DRM_HAL_CLEARKEY_TEST_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/ICryptoPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/IDrmPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/ICryptoFactory.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/IDrmFactory.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/IDrmPlugin.h>
+#include <android/hardware/drm/1.1/types.h>
+#include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
+#include <android/hidl/manager/1.2/IServiceManager.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "drm_vts_helper.h"
+
+namespace drm = ::android::hardware::drm;
+
+using ::android::hidl::allocator::V1_0::IAllocator;
+using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
+
+using drm_vts::DrmHalTestParam;
+using drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString;
+
+/**
+ * These clearkey tests use white box knowledge of the legacy clearkey
+ * plugin to verify that the HIDL HAL services and interfaces are working.
+ * It is not intended to verify any vendor's HAL implementation. If you
+ * are looking for vendor HAL tests, see drm_hal_vendor_test.cpp
+ */
+#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace drm {
+namespace V1_1 {
+namespace vts {
+
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::ICryptoPlugin;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyedVector;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyType;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Mode;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Pattern;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStop;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SecureStopId;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SessionId;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Status;
+
+// To be used in mpd to specify drm scheme for players
+extern const uint8_t kClearKeyUUID[16];
+
+class DrmHalClearkeyTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<DrmHalTestParam> {
+  public:
+    void SetUp() override {
+        const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
+                ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->current_test_info();
+
+        ALOGD("DrmHalClearkeyTest: Running test %s.%s", test_info->test_case_name(),
+                test_info->name());
+
+        const std::string instance = GetParam().instance_;
+
+        sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory = IDrmFactory::getService(instance);
+        if (!drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kClearKeyUUID)) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << instance << " does not support clearkey";
+        }
+        drmPlugin = createDrmPlugin(drmFactory);
+        sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory = ICryptoFactory::getService(instance);
+        cryptoPlugin = createCryptoPlugin(cryptoFactory);
+
+        if (drmPlugin == nullptr || cryptoPlugin == nullptr) {
+            if (instance == "clearkey") {
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmPlugin.get()) << "Can't get clearkey drm@1.1 plugin";
+                ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cryptoPlugin.get()) << "Can't get clearkey crypto@1.1 plugin";
+            }
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "Instance does not support clearkey";
+        }
+    }
+
+    SessionId openSession();
+    SessionId openSession(SecurityLevel level);
+    void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId, const KeyType& type);
+
+  private:
+    sp<IDrmPlugin> createDrmPlugin(sp<IDrmFactory> drmFactory) {
+        if (drmFactory == nullptr) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        sp<IDrmPlugin> plugin = nullptr;
+        auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(GetParam().scheme_, "",
+                [&](Status status, const sp<drm::V1_0::IDrmPlugin>& pluginV1_0) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK == status, pluginV1_0 != nullptr);
+                    plugin = IDrmPlugin::castFrom(pluginV1_0);
+                });
+
+        if (!res.isOk()) {
+            ALOGE("createDrmPlugin remote call failed");
+        }
+        return plugin;
+    }
+
+    sp<ICryptoPlugin> createCryptoPlugin(sp<ICryptoFactory> cryptoFactory) {
+        if (cryptoFactory == nullptr) {
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        sp<ICryptoPlugin> plugin = nullptr;
+        hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
+        auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
+                GetParam().scheme_, initVec,
+                [&](Status status, const sp<drm::V1_0::ICryptoPlugin>& pluginV1_0) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK == status, pluginV1_0 != nullptr);
+                    plugin = pluginV1_0;
+                });
+        if (!res.isOk()) {
+            ALOGE("createCryptoPlugin remote call failed");
+        }
+        return plugin;
+    }
+
+protected:
+ template <typename CT>
+ bool ValueEquals(DrmMetricGroup::ValueType type, const std::string& expected, const CT& actual) {
+     return type == DrmMetricGroup::ValueType::STRING_TYPE && expected == actual.stringValue;
+ }
+
+ template <typename CT>
+ bool ValueEquals(DrmMetricGroup::ValueType type, const int64_t expected, const CT& actual) {
+     return type == DrmMetricGroup::ValueType::INT64_TYPE && expected == actual.int64Value;
+ }
+
+ template <typename CT>
+ bool ValueEquals(DrmMetricGroup::ValueType type, const double expected, const CT& actual) {
+     return type == DrmMetricGroup::ValueType::DOUBLE_TYPE && expected == actual.doubleValue;
+ }
+
+ template <typename AT, typename VT>
+ bool ValidateMetricAttributeAndValue(const DrmMetricGroup::Metric& metric,
+                                      const std::string& attributeName, const AT& attributeValue,
+                                      const std::string& componentName, const VT& componentValue) {
+     bool validAttribute = false;
+     bool validComponent = false;
+     for (const DrmMetricGroup::Attribute& attribute : metric.attributes) {
+         if (attribute.name == attributeName &&
+             ValueEquals(attribute.type, attributeValue, attribute)) {
+             validAttribute = true;
+         }
+     }
+     for (const DrmMetricGroup::Value& value : metric.values) {
+         if (value.componentName == componentName &&
+             ValueEquals(value.type, componentValue, value)) {
+             validComponent = true;
+         }
+     }
+     return validAttribute && validComponent;
+ }
+
+ template <typename AT, typename VT>
+ bool ValidateMetricAttributeAndValue(const hidl_vec<DrmMetricGroup>& metricGroups,
+                                      const std::string& metricName,
+                                      const std::string& attributeName, const AT& attributeValue,
+                                      const std::string& componentName, const VT& componentValue) {
+     bool foundMetric = false;
+     for (const auto& group : metricGroups) {
+         for (const auto& metric : group.metrics) {
+             if (metric.name == metricName) {
+                 foundMetric = foundMetric || ValidateMetricAttributeAndValue(
+                                                  metric, attributeName, attributeValue,
+                                                  componentName, componentValue);
+             }
+         }
+     }
+     return foundMetric;
+ }
+
+ sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
+ sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
+};
+
+}  // namespace vts
+}  // namespace V1_1
+}  // namespace drm
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // V1_1_DRM_HAL_CLEARKEY_TEST_H
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/OWNERS b/drm/1.2/vts/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecb421c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+edwinwong@google.com
+fredgc@google.com
+jtinker@google.com
+kylealexander@google.com
+rfrias@google.com
+robertshih@google.com
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 95883bf..ecc7d6c 100644
--- a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -14,27 +14,64 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //
 
-cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalDrmV1_2TargetTest",
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "android.hardware.drm@1.2-vts",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    local_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
     srcs: [
         "drm_hal_clearkey_module.cpp",
         "drm_hal_common.cpp",
         "drm_hal_test.cpp",
-        "vendor_modules.cpp",
     ],
-    include_dirs: ["hardware/interfaces/drm/1.0/vts/functional"],
-    static_libs: [
+    shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
         "android.hardware.drm@1.1",
         "android.hardware.drm@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
         "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
         "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
         "libhidlmemory",
         "libnativehelper",
-        "libssl",
-        "libcrypto_static",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
+        "libcrypto_static",
+        "libdrmvtshelper",
+    ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.2",
+    ],
+    export_static_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalDrmV1_2TargetTest",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "drm_hal_test_main.cpp",
+    ],
+    whole_static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.2-vts",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.2",
+        "android.hidl.allocator@1.0",
+        "libhidlmemory",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.drm@1.0-helper",
+        "libcrypto_static",
+        "libdrmvtshelper",
+    ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.cpp b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.cpp
index bfffbe8..d5e453c 100644
--- a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.cpp
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include "vendor_modules.h"
 #define LOG_TAG "drm_hal_common@1.2"
 
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@
 #include <random>
 
 #include "drm_hal_clearkey_module.h"
-#include "drm_hal_common.h"
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.2/vts/drm_hal_common.h"
 
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::BufferType;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::DestinationBuffer;
@@ -81,16 +82,19 @@
     return Void();
 }
 
+static DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1* getModuleForInstance(const std::string& instance) {
+    if (instance == "clearkey" || instance == "default") {
+        return new DrmHalVTSClearkeyModule();
+    }
+
+    return static_cast<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1*>(DrmHalTest::gVendorModules->getModuleByName(instance));
+}
+
 /**
  * DrmHalTest
  */
 
-DrmHalTest::DrmHalTest()
-    : vendorModule(GetParam() == "clearkey"
-            ? new DrmHalVTSClearkeyModule()
-            : static_cast<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1*>(gVendorModules->getModule(GetParam()))),
-      contentConfigurations(vendorModule->getContentConfigurations()) {
-}
+DrmHalTest::DrmHalTest() : vendorModule(getModuleForInstance(GetParamService())) {}
 
 void DrmHalTest::SetUp() {
     const ::testing::TestInfo* const test_info =
@@ -98,29 +102,34 @@
 
     ALOGD("Running test %s.%s from (vendor) module %s",
           test_info->test_case_name(), test_info->name(),
-          GetParam().c_str());
+          GetParamService().c_str());
 
-    string name = vendorModule->getServiceName();
-    drmFactory = VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IDrmFactory>(name);
-    if (drmFactory == nullptr) {
-        drmFactory = VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IDrmFactory>();
-    }
-    if (drmFactory != nullptr) {
-        drmPlugin = createDrmPlugin();
+    const string instance = GetParamService();
+
+    drmFactory = IDrmFactory::getService(instance);
+    ASSERT_NE(drmFactory, nullptr);
+    drmPlugin = createDrmPlugin();
+
+    cryptoFactory = ICryptoFactory::getService(instance);
+    ASSERT_NE(cryptoFactory, nullptr);
+    cryptoPlugin = createCryptoPlugin();
+
+    if (!vendorModule) {
+        ASSERT_NE(instance, "widevine") << "Widevine requires vendor module.";
+        ASSERT_NE(instance, "clearkey") << "Clearkey requires vendor module.";
+        GTEST_SKIP() << "No vendor module installed";
     }
 
-    cryptoFactory = VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>(name);
-    if (cryptoFactory == nullptr) {
-        cryptoFactory = VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ICryptoFactory>();
-    }
-    if (cryptoFactory != nullptr) {
-        cryptoPlugin = createCryptoPlugin();
-    }
+    ASSERT_EQ(instance, vendorModule->getServiceName());
+    contentConfigurations = vendorModule->getContentConfigurations();
 
     // If drm scheme not installed skip subsequent tests
-    if (!drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getVendorUUID())) {
-        vendorModule->setInstalled(false);
-        return;
+    if (!drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(getUUID())) {
+        if (GetParamUUID() == hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>()) {
+            GTEST_SKIP() << "vendor module drm scheme not supported";
+        } else {
+            FAIL() << "param scheme must be supported: " << android::hardware::toString(GetParamUUID());
+        }
     }
 
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, drmPlugin.get()) << "Can't find " << vendorModule->getServiceName() <<  " drm@1.2 plugin";
@@ -134,12 +143,12 @@
     }
     sp<IDrmPlugin> plugin = nullptr;
     hidl_string packageName("android.hardware.drm.test");
-    auto res = drmFactory->createPlugin(
-            getVendorUUID(), packageName,
-                    [&](StatusV1_0 status, const sp<IDrmPluginV1_0>& pluginV1_0) {
-                EXPECT_EQ(StatusV1_0::OK, status);
-                plugin = IDrmPlugin::castFrom(pluginV1_0);
-            });
+    auto res =
+            drmFactory->createPlugin(getUUID(), packageName,
+                                     [&](StatusV1_0 status, const sp<IDrmPluginV1_0>& pluginV1_0) {
+                                         EXPECT_EQ(StatusV1_0::OK == status, pluginV1_0 != nullptr);
+                                         plugin = IDrmPlugin::castFrom(pluginV1_0);
+                                     });
 
     if (!res.isOk()) {
         ALOGE("createDrmPlugin remote call failed");
@@ -154,9 +163,9 @@
     sp<ICryptoPlugin> plugin = nullptr;
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> initVec;
     auto res = cryptoFactory->createPlugin(
-            getVendorUUID(), initVec,
-                    [&](StatusV1_0 status, const sp<ICryptoPluginV1_0>& pluginV1_0) {
-                EXPECT_EQ(StatusV1_0::OK, status);
+            getUUID(), initVec,
+            [&](StatusV1_0 status, const sp<ICryptoPluginV1_0>& pluginV1_0) {
+                EXPECT_EQ(StatusV1_0::OK == status, pluginV1_0 != nullptr);
                 plugin = ICryptoPlugin::castFrom(pluginV1_0);
             });
     if (!res.isOk()) {
@@ -165,11 +174,63 @@
     return plugin;
 }
 
+hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> DrmHalTest::getUUID() {
+    if (GetParamUUID() == hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>()) {
+        return getVendorUUID();
+    }
+    return GetParamUUID();
+}
+
 hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> DrmHalTest::getVendorUUID() {
+    if (vendorModule == nullptr) return {};
     vector<uint8_t> uuid = vendorModule->getUUID();
     return hidl_array<uint8_t, 16>(&uuid[0]);
 }
 
+void DrmHalTest::provision() {
+    hidl_string certificateType;
+    hidl_string certificateAuthority;
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> provisionRequest;
+    hidl_string defaultUrl;
+    auto res = drmPlugin->getProvisionRequest_1_2(
+            certificateType, certificateAuthority,
+            [&](StatusV1_2 status, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& request,
+                const hidl_string& url) {
+                if (status == StatusV1_2::OK) {
+                    EXPECT_NE(request.size(), 0u);
+                    provisionRequest = request;
+                    defaultUrl = url;
+                } else if (status == StatusV1_2::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(0u, request.size());
+                }
+            });
+    EXPECT_OK(res);
+
+    if (provisionRequest.size() > 0) {
+        vector<uint8_t> response = vendorModule->handleProvisioningRequest(
+                provisionRequest, defaultUrl);
+        ASSERT_NE(0u, response.size());
+
+        auto res = drmPlugin->provideProvisionResponse(
+                response, [&](StatusV1_0 status, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&,
+                              const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(StatusV1_0::OK, status);
+                });
+        EXPECT_OK(res);
+    }
+}
+
+SessionId DrmHalTest::openSession(SecurityLevel level, StatusV1_0 *err) {
+    SessionId sessionId;
+    auto res = drmPlugin->openSession_1_1(level,
+        [&](StatusV1_0 status, const hidl_vec<unsigned char> &id) {
+            *err = status;
+            sessionId = id;
+    });
+    EXPECT_OK(res);
+    return sessionId;
+}
+
 /**
  * Helper method to open a session and verify that a non-empty
  * session ID is returned
@@ -459,7 +520,7 @@
 /**
  * Helper method to test decryption with invalid keys is returned
  */
-void DrmHalClearkeyTest::decryptWithInvalidKeys(
+void DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2::decryptWithInvalidKeys(
         hidl_vec<uint8_t>& invalidResponse,
         vector<uint8_t>& iv,
         const Pattern& noPattern,
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test.cpp b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test.cpp
index 37ecc25..0dfff26 100644
--- a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test.cpp
@@ -18,10 +18,12 @@
 
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <openssl/aes.h>
+#include <vector>
 
-#include "drm_hal_common.h"
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.2/vts/drm_hal_common.h"
 
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Status;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::KeyRequestType;
@@ -32,13 +34,13 @@
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::KeyStatusType;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::OfflineLicenseState;
 
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHalClearkeyTest;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHalPluginListener;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHalTest;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHidlEnvironment;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::kCallbackLostState;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::kCallbackKeysChange;
 
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 
 static const char* const kVideoMp4 = "video/mp4";
@@ -47,12 +49,13 @@
 static const char* const kDrmErrorInvalidState = "invalidState";
 static const char* const kDrmErrorResourceContention = "resourceContention";
 static const SecurityLevel kSwSecureCrypto = SecurityLevel::SW_SECURE_CRYPTO;
+static const SecurityLevel kHwSecureAll = SecurityLevel::HW_SECURE_ALL;
 
 /**
  * Ensure drm factory supports module UUID Scheme
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, VendorUuidSupported) {
-    auto res = drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(getVendorUUID(), kVideoMp4, kSwSecureCrypto);
+    auto res = drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(getUUID(), kVideoMp4, kSwSecureCrypto);
     ALOGI("kVideoMp4 = %s res %d", kVideoMp4, (bool)res);
     EXPECT_TRUE(res);
 }
@@ -80,7 +83,7 @@
  * Ensure drm factory doesn't support an invalid mime type
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, BadMimeNotSupported) {
-    EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(getVendorUUID(), kBadMime, kSwSecureCrypto));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(getUUID(), kBadMime, kSwSecureCrypto));
 }
 
 /**
@@ -96,36 +99,17 @@
  * that is delivered back to the HAL.
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, DoProvisioning) {
-    RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
-    hidl_string certificateType;
-    hidl_string certificateAuthority;
-    hidl_vec<uint8_t> provisionRequest;
-    hidl_string defaultUrl;
-    auto res = drmPlugin->getProvisionRequest_1_2(
-            certificateType, certificateAuthority,
-            [&](StatusV1_2 status, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& request,
-                const hidl_string& url) {
-                if (status == StatusV1_2::OK) {
-                    EXPECT_NE(request.size(), 0u);
-                    provisionRequest = request;
-                    defaultUrl = url;
-                } else if (status == StatusV1_2::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(0u, request.size());
-                }
-            });
-    EXPECT_OK(res);
-
-    if (provisionRequest.size() > 0) {
-        vector<uint8_t> response = vendorModule->handleProvisioningRequest(
-                provisionRequest, defaultUrl);
-        ASSERT_NE(0u, response.size());
-
-        auto res = drmPlugin->provideProvisionResponse(
-                response, [&](Status status, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&,
-                              const hidl_vec<uint8_t>&) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
-                });
-        EXPECT_OK(res);
+    for (auto level : {kHwSecureAll, kSwSecureCrypto}) {
+        StatusV1_0 err = StatusV1_0::OK;
+        auto sid = openSession(level, &err);
+        if (err == StatusV1_0::OK) {
+            closeSession(sid);
+        } else if (err == StatusV1_0::ERROR_DRM_CANNOT_HANDLE) {
+            continue;
+        } else {
+            EXPECT_EQ(StatusV1_0::ERROR_DRM_NOT_PROVISIONED, err);
+            provision();
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -282,7 +266,6 @@
  * the listener gets them.
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, ListenerKeysChange) {
-    RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     sp<DrmHalPluginListener> listener = new DrmHalPluginListener();
     auto res = drmPlugin->setListener(listener);
     EXPECT_OK(res);
@@ -314,7 +297,6 @@
  * Positive decrypt test.  "Decrypt" a single clear segment
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, ClearSegmentTest) {
-    RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     for (const auto& config : contentConfigurations) {
         for (const auto& key : config.keys) {
             const size_t kSegmentSize = 1024;
@@ -342,7 +324,6 @@
  * Verify data matches.
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, EncryptedAesCtrSegmentTest) {
-    RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     for (const auto& config : contentConfigurations) {
         for (const auto& key : config.keys) {
             const size_t kSegmentSize = 1024;
@@ -369,7 +350,6 @@
  * Negative decrypt test.  Decrypted frame too large to fit in output buffer
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, ErrorFrameTooLarge) {
-    RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     for (const auto& config : contentConfigurations) {
         for (const auto& key : config.keys) {
             const size_t kSegmentSize = 1024;
@@ -395,7 +375,6 @@
  * Negative decrypt test. Decrypt without loading keys.
  */
 TEST_P(DrmHalTest, EncryptedAesCtrSegmentTestNoKeys) {
-    RETURN_IF_SKIPPED;
     for (const auto& config : contentConfigurations) {
         for (const auto& key : config.keys) {
             vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
@@ -420,15 +399,14 @@
 /**
  * Ensure clearkey drm factory doesn't support security level higher than supported
  */
-TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, BadLevelNotSupported) {
-    const SecurityLevel kHwSecureAll = SecurityLevel::HW_SECURE_ALL;
-    EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(getVendorUUID(), kVideoMp4, kHwSecureAll));
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, BadLevelNotSupported) {
+    EXPECT_FALSE(drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported_1_2(getUUID(), kVideoMp4, kHwSecureAll));
 }
 
 /**
  * Test resource contention during attempt to generate key request
  */
-TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, GetKeyRequestResourceContention) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, GetKeyRequestResourceContention) {
     Status status = drmPlugin->setPropertyString(kDrmErrorTestKey, kDrmErrorResourceContention);
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, status);
     auto sessionId = openSession();
@@ -449,7 +427,7 @@
 /**
  * Test clearkey plugin offline key with mock error
  */
-TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, OfflineLicenseInvalidState) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, OfflineLicenseInvalidState) {
     auto sessionId = openSession();
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> keySetId = loadKeys(sessionId, KeyType::OFFLINE);
     Status status = drmPlugin->setPropertyString(kDrmErrorTestKey, kDrmErrorInvalidState);
@@ -470,7 +448,7 @@
 /**
  * Test SessionLostState is triggered on error
  */
-TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, SessionLostState) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, SessionLostState) {
     sp<DrmHalPluginListener> listener = new DrmHalPluginListener();
     auto res = drmPlugin->setListener(listener);
     EXPECT_OK(res);
@@ -490,7 +468,7 @@
 /**
  * Negative decrypt test. Decrypt with invalid key.
  */
-TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, DecryptWithEmptyKey) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, DecryptWithEmptyKey) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const uint32_t kClearBytes = 512;
@@ -527,7 +505,7 @@
 /**
  * Negative decrypt test. Decrypt with a key exceeds AES_BLOCK_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTest, DecryptWithKeyTooLong) {
+TEST_P(DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, DecryptWithKeyTooLong) {
     vector<uint8_t> iv(AES_BLOCK_SIZE, 0);
     const Pattern noPattern = {0, 0};
     const uint32_t kClearBytes = 512;
@@ -554,38 +532,3 @@
     memcpy(invalidResponse.data(), keyTooLongResponse.c_str(), kKeyTooLongResponseSize);
     decryptWithInvalidKeys(invalidResponse, iv, noPattern, subSamples);
 }
-
-/**
- * Instantiate the set of test cases for each vendor module
- */
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        DrmHalTestClearkey, DrmHalTest,
-        testing::Values("clearkey"));
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        DrmHalTestClearkeyExtended, DrmHalClearkeyTest,
-        testing::Values("clearkey"));
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
-        DrmHalTestVendor, DrmHalTest,
-        testing::ValuesIn(DrmHalTest::gVendorModules->getPathList()));
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-#if defined(__LP64__)
-    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/64/lib";
-#else
-    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/32/lib";
-#endif
-    DrmHalTest::gVendorModules = new drm_vts::VendorModules(kModulePath);
-    if (DrmHalTest::gVendorModules->getPathList().size() == 0) {
-        std::cerr << "WARNING: No vendor modules found in " << kModulePath <<
-                ", all vendor tests will be skipped" << std::endl;
-    }
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(DrmHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    DrmHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea6e63d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_test_main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Instantiate the set of test cases for each vendor module
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "drm_hal_test@1.2"
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "android/hardware/drm/1.2/vts/drm_hal_common.h"
+
+using android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHalTest;
+using android::hardware::drm::V1_2::vts::DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2;
+using drm_vts::DrmHalTestParam;
+using drm_vts::PrintParamInstanceToString;
+
+static const std::vector<DrmHalTestParam> kAllInstances = [] {
+    using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::ICryptoFactory;
+    using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::IDrmFactory;
+
+    std::vector<std::string> drmInstances =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDrmFactory::descriptor);
+    std::vector<std::string> cryptoInstances =
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ICryptoFactory::descriptor);
+    std::set<std::string> allInstances;
+    allInstances.insert(drmInstances.begin(), drmInstances.end());
+    allInstances.insert(cryptoInstances.begin(), cryptoInstances.end());
+
+    std::vector<DrmHalTestParam> allInstanceUuidCombos;
+    auto noUUID = [](std::string s) { return DrmHalTestParam(s); };
+    std::transform(allInstances.begin(), allInstances.end(),
+            std::back_inserter(allInstanceUuidCombos), noUUID);
+    return allInstanceUuidCombos;
+}();
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, DrmHalTest, testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                         PrintParamInstanceToString);
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2, testing::ValuesIn(kAllInstances),
+                         PrintParamInstanceToString);
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+#if defined(__LP64__)
+    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/64/lib";
+#else
+    const char* kModulePath = "/data/local/tmp/32/lib";
+#endif
+    DrmHalTest::gVendorModules = new drm_vts::VendorModules(kModulePath);
+    if (DrmHalTest::gVendorModules->getPathList().size() == 0) {
+        std::cerr << "WARNING: No vendor modules found in " << kModulePath <<
+                ", all vendor tests will be skipped" << std::endl;
+    }
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
+    return status;
+}
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.h b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.2/vts/drm_hal_common.h
similarity index 81%
rename from drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.h
rename to drm/1.2/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.2/vts/drm_hal_common.h
index e348664..6fee6f4 100644
--- a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/drm_hal_common.h
+++ b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/include/android/hardware/drm/1.2/vts/drm_hal_common.h
@@ -23,29 +23,33 @@
 #include <android/hardware/drm/1.2/IDrmPlugin.h>
 #include <android/hardware/drm/1.2/IDrmPluginListener.h>
 #include <android/hardware/drm/1.2/types.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
 
+#include <array>
 #include <chrono>
+# include <iostream>
 #include <map>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "drm_hal_vendor_module_api.h"
+#include "drm_vts_helper.h"
 #include "vendor_modules.h"
 #include "VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h"
-#include "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h"
 
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::EventType;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyedVector;
-using KeyStatusV1_0 = ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyStatus;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyType;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Mode;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Pattern;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SessionId;
 using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::SubSample;
+using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::SecurityLevel;
 
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_1::ICryptoFactory;
-
+using KeyStatusV1_0 = ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::KeyStatus;
+using StatusV1_0 = ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::Status;
 using StatusV1_2 = ::android::hardware::drm::V1_2::Status;
 
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
@@ -56,50 +60,24 @@
 using ::android::hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-using ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase;
+using drm_vts::DrmHalTestParam;
 
+using std::array;
 using std::map;
+using std::pair;
 using std::string;
 using std::unique_ptr;
 using std::vector;
 
 #define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
 
-#define RETURN_IF_SKIPPED \
-    if (!vendorModule->isInstalled()) { \
-        std::cout << "[  SKIPPED ] This drm scheme not supported." << \
-                " library:" << GetParam() << " service-name:" << \
-                vendorModule->getServiceName() << std::endl; \
-        return; \
-    }
-
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace drm {
 namespace V1_2 {
 namespace vts {
 
-class DrmHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static DrmHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static DrmHidlEnvironment* instance = new DrmHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<ICryptoFactory>();
-        registerTestService<IDrmFactory>();
-        setServiceCombMode(::testing::HalServiceCombMode::NO_COMBINATION);
-    }
-
-   private:
-    DrmHidlEnvironment() {}
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(DrmHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class DrmHalTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+class DrmHalTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<DrmHalTestParam> {
    public:
     static drm_vts::VendorModules* gVendorModules;
     DrmHalTest();
@@ -107,7 +85,12 @@
     virtual void TearDown() override {}
 
    protected:
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> getUUID();
     hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> getVendorUUID();
+    hidl_array<uint8_t, 16> GetParamUUID() { return GetParam().scheme_; }
+    string GetParamService() { return GetParam().instance_; }
+    void provision();
+    SessionId openSession(SecurityLevel level, StatusV1_0* err);
     SessionId openSession();
     void closeSession(const SessionId& sessionId);
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> loadKeys(const SessionId& sessionId,
@@ -142,17 +125,25 @@
     sp<IDrmPlugin> drmPlugin;
     sp<ICryptoPlugin> cryptoPlugin;
     unique_ptr<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1> vendorModule;
-    const vector<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1::ContentConfiguration> contentConfigurations;
+    vector<DrmHalVTSVendorModule_V1::ContentConfiguration> contentConfigurations;
 
-   private:
+  private:
     sp<IDrmPlugin> createDrmPlugin();
     sp<ICryptoPlugin> createCryptoPlugin();
 
 };
 
-class DrmHalClearkeyTest : public DrmHalTest {
+class DrmHalClearkeyTestV1_2 : public DrmHalTest {
    public:
-    virtual void SetUp() override { DrmHalTest::SetUp(); }
+     virtual void SetUp() override {
+         DrmHalTest::SetUp();
+         const uint8_t kClearKeyUUID[16] = {
+             0xE2, 0x71, 0x9D, 0x58, 0xA9, 0x85, 0xB3, 0xC9,
+             0x78, 0x1A, 0xB0, 0x30, 0xAF, 0x78, 0xD3, 0x0E};
+         if (!drmFactory->isCryptoSchemeSupported(kClearKeyUUID)) {
+             GTEST_SKIP() << "ClearKey not supported by " << GetParamService();
+         }
+     }
     virtual void TearDown() override {}
     void decryptWithInvalidKeys(hidl_vec<uint8_t>& invalidResponse,
             vector<uint8_t>& iv, const Pattern& noPattern, const vector<SubSample>& subSamples);
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index efcb90a..0000000
--- a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/vendor_modules.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,72 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#define LOG_TAG "drm-vts-vendor-modules"
-
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <dlfcn.h>
-#include <log/log.h>
-#include <memory>
-#include <utils/String8.h>
-#include <SharedLibrary.h>
-
-#include "vendor_modules.h"
-
-using std::string;
-using std::vector;
-using std::unique_ptr;
-using ::android::String8;
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::helper::SharedLibrary;
-
-namespace drm_vts {
-void VendorModules::scanModules(const std::string &directory) {
-    DIR* dir = opendir(directory.c_str());
-    if (dir == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("Unable to open drm VTS vendor directory %s", directory.c_str());
-    } else {
-        struct dirent* entry;
-        while ((entry = readdir(dir))) {
-            ALOGD("checking file %s", entry->d_name);
-            string fullpath = directory + "/" + entry->d_name;
-            if (endsWith(fullpath, ".so")) {
-                mPathList.push_back(fullpath);
-            }
-        }
-        closedir(dir);
-    }
-}
-
-DrmHalVTSVendorModule* VendorModules::getModule(const string& path) {
-    if (mOpenLibraries.find(path) == mOpenLibraries.end()) {
-        auto library = std::make_unique<SharedLibrary>(String8(path.c_str()));
-        if (!library) {
-            ALOGE("failed to map shared library %s", path.c_str());
-            return NULL;
-        }
-        mOpenLibraries[path] = std::move(library);
-    }
-    const unique_ptr<SharedLibrary>& library = mOpenLibraries[path];
-    void* symbol = library->lookup("vendorModuleFactory");
-    if (symbol == NULL) {
-        ALOGE("getVendorModule failed to lookup 'vendorModuleFactory' in %s: "
-              "%s", path.c_str(), library->lastError());
-        return NULL;
-    }
-    typedef DrmHalVTSVendorModule* (*ModuleFactory)();
-    ModuleFactory moduleFactory = reinterpret_cast<ModuleFactory>(symbol);
-    return (*moduleFactory)();
-}
-};
diff --git a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/vendor_modules.h b/drm/1.2/vts/functional/vendor_modules.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 9b730ad..0000000
--- a/drm/1.2/vts/functional/vendor_modules.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#ifndef VENDOR_MODULES_H
-#define VENDOR_MODULES_H
-
-#include <map>
-#include <vector>
-#include <string>
-
-#include <SharedLibrary.h>
-
-using ::android::hardware::drm::V1_0::helper::SharedLibrary;
-
-class DrmHalVTSVendorModule;
-
-namespace drm_vts {
-class VendorModules {
-   public:
-    /**
-     * Initialize with a file system path where the shared libraries
-     * are to be found.
-     */
-    explicit VendorModules(const std::string& dir) {
-        scanModules(dir);
-    }
-    ~VendorModules() {}
-
-    /**
-     * Retrieve a DrmHalVTSVendorModule given its full path.  The
-     * getAPIVersion method can be used to determine the versioned
-     * subclass type.
-     */
-    DrmHalVTSVendorModule* getModule(const std::string& path);
-
-    /**
-     * Return the list of paths to available vendor modules.
-     */
-    std::vector<std::string> getPathList() const {return mPathList;}
-
-   private:
-    std::vector<std::string> mPathList;
-    std::map<std::string, std::unique_ptr<SharedLibrary>> mOpenLibraries;
-
-    /**
-     * Scan the list of paths to available vendor modules.
-     */
-    void scanModules(const std::string& dir);
-
-    inline bool endsWith(const std::string& str, const std::string& suffix) const {
-        if (suffix.size() > str.size()) return false;
-        return std::equal(suffix.rbegin(), suffix.rend(), str.rbegin());
-    }
-
-    VendorModules(const VendorModules&) = delete;
-    void operator=(const VendorModules&) = delete;
-};
-};
-
-#endif  // VENDOR_MODULES_H
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/dumpstate/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 96b13c5..343d4c9 100644
--- a/dumpstate/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/dumpstate/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(1, read(fds[0], &buff, 1)) << "dumped nothing";
 
     native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
 }
 
 // Positive test: make sure dumpstateBoard() doesn't crash with two FDs.
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Status should be ok: " << status.description();
 
     native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
 }
 
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/Android.bp b/dumpstate/1.1/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2aa8c82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
+
+hidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1",
+    root: "android.hardware",
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
+    srcs: [
+        "types.hal",
+        "IDumpstateDevice.hal",
+    ],
+    interfaces: [
+        "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+    ],
+    gen_java: true,
+}
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/IDumpstateDevice.hal b/dumpstate/1.1/IDumpstateDevice.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..502c460
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/IDumpstateDevice.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1;
+
+import @1.0::IDumpstateDevice;
+
+interface IDumpstateDevice extends @1.0::IDumpstateDevice {
+    /**
+     * Extension of dumpstateBoard which also accepts a mode parameter to limit dumped data.
+     *
+     * For an example of when this is relevant, consider a bug report being generated with
+     * DumpstateMode::CONNECTIVITY - there is no reason to include camera or USB logs in this type
+     * of report.
+     *
+     * The 1.0 version of #dumpstateBoard(handle) should just delegate to this new method and pass
+     * DumpstateMode::DEFAULT and a timeout of 30,000ms (30 seconds).
+     *
+     * This method may still be called by the dumpstate routine even if getDeviceLoggingEnabled
+     * returns false. In this case, it must return DumpstateStatus::DEVICE_LOGGING_NOT_ENABLED.
+     *
+     * @param h A native handle with one or two valid file descriptors. The first FD is for text
+     *     output, the second (if present) is for binary output.
+     * @param mode A mode value to restrict dumped content.
+     * @param timeoutMillis An approximate "budget" for how much time this call has been allotted.
+     *     If execution runs longer than this, the IDumpstateDevice service may be killed and only
+     *     partial information will be included in the report.
+     * @return status A DumpstateStatus value indicating the final result.
+     */
+    dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle h, DumpstateMode mode, uint64_t timeoutMillis)
+        generates (DumpstateStatus status);
+
+    /**
+     * Turns device vendor logging on or off.
+     *
+     * The setting should be persistent across reboots. Underlying implementations may need to start
+     * vendor logging daemons, set system properties, or change logging masks, for example. Given
+     * that many vendor logs contain significant amounts of private information and may come with
+     * memory/storage/battery impacts, calling this method on a user build should only be done after
+     * user consent has been obtained, e.g. from a toggle in developer settings.
+     *
+     * Even if device logging has been disabled, dumpstateBoard may still be called by the dumpstate
+     * routine. In this case, it must return DumpstateStatus::DEVICE_LOGGING_NOT_ENABLED.
+     *
+     * @param enable Whether to enable or disable device vendor logging.
+     */
+    setDeviceLoggingEnabled(bool enable);
+
+    /**
+     * Queries the current state of device logging. Primarily for UI and informative purposes.
+     *
+     * Even if device logging has been disabled, dumpstateBoard may still be called by the dumpstate
+     * routine. In this case, it must return DumpstateStatus::DEVICE_LOGGING_NOT_ENABLED.
+     *
+     * @return enabled Whether or not vendor logging is currently enabled.
+     */
+    getDeviceLoggingEnabled() generates (bool enabled);
+};
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/types.hal b/dumpstate/1.1/types.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5cbade
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/types.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1;
+
+/**
+ * Constants that define the type of bug report being taken to restrict content appropriately.
+ */
+enum DumpstateMode : uint32_t {
+    /**
+     * Takes a bug report without user interference.
+     */
+    FULL = 0,
+    /**
+     * Interactive bug report, i.e. triggered by the user.
+     */
+    INTERACTIVE = 1,
+    /**
+     * Remote bug report triggered by DevicePolicyManager, for example.
+     */
+    REMOTE = 2,
+    /**
+     * Bug report triggered on a wear device.
+     */
+    WEAR = 3,
+    /**
+     * Bug report limited to only connectivity info (cellular, wifi, and networking). Sometimes
+     * called "telephony" in legacy contexts.
+     *
+     * All reported information MUST directly relate to connectivity debugging or customer support
+     * and MUST NOT contain unrelated private information. This information MUST NOT identify
+     * user-installed packages (UIDs are OK, package names are not), and MUST NOT contain logs of
+     * user application traffic.
+     */
+    CONNECTIVITY = 4,
+    /**
+     * Bug report limited to only wifi info.
+     */
+    WIFI = 5,
+    /**
+     * Default mode, essentially analogous to calling @1.0::IDumpstateDevice.dumpstateBoard(handle).
+     * This mode MUST be supported if the dumpstate HAL is implemented.
+     */
+    DEFAULT = 6,
+};
+
+/**
+ * A simple return enum for use with dumpstateBoard_1_1.
+ */
+enum DumpstateStatus : uint32_t {
+    OK = 0,
+    /**
+     * Returned for cases where the device doesn't support the given DumpstateMode (e.g. a phone
+     * trying to use DumpstateMode::WEAR).
+     */
+    UNSUPPORTED_MODE = 1,
+    /**
+     * Returned for cases where an IllegalArgumentException is typically appropriate, e.g. missing
+     * file descriptors.
+     */
+    ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT = 2,
+    /**
+     * Returned when device logging is not enabled.
+     */
+    DEVICE_LOGGING_NOT_ENABLED = 3,
+};
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
similarity index 67%
copy from vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
copy to dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 202a824..5267706 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //
-// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -15,19 +15,15 @@
 //
 
 cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest",
+    name: "VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
-    srcs: ["VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest.cpp"],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.3",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.4",
+        "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.dumpstate@1.1",
     ],
     test_suites: [
         "general-tests",
         "vts-core",
     ],
 }
-
diff --git a/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest.cpp b/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..089b039
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dumpstate/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalDumpstateV1_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,322 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "dumpstate_1_1_hidl_hal_test"
+
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <functional>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <android/hardware/dumpstate/1.1/IDumpstateDevice.h>
+#include <android/hardware/dumpstate/1.1/types.h>
+#include <cutils/native_handle.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+namespace {
+
+using ::android::sp;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::DumpstateMode;
+using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::DumpstateStatus;
+using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::IDumpstateDevice;
+using ::android::hardware::dumpstate::V1_1::toString;
+
+class DumpstateHidl1_1Test : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
+    virtual void SetUp() override { GetService(); }
+
+    void GetService() {
+        dumpstate = IDumpstateDevice::getService(GetParam());
+        ASSERT_NE(dumpstate, nullptr) << "Could not get HIDL instance";
+    }
+
+    void ToggleDeviceLogging(bool enable) {
+        Return<void> status = dumpstate->setDeviceLoggingEnabled(enable);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Status should be ok: " << status.description();
+
+        if (!dumpstate->ping().isOk()) {
+            ALOGW("IDumpstateDevice service appears to have exited lazily, attempting to get "
+                  "again");
+            GetService();
+        }
+
+        Return<bool> logging_enabled = dumpstate->getDeviceLoggingEnabled();
+        ASSERT_TRUE(logging_enabled.isOk())
+                << "Status should be ok: " << logging_enabled.description();
+        ASSERT_EQ(logging_enabled, enable)
+                << "Device logging should now be " << (enable ? "enabled" : "disabled");
+
+        if (!dumpstate->ping().isOk()) {
+            ALOGW("IDumpstateDevice service appears to have exited lazily, attempting to get "
+                  "again");
+            GetService();
+        }
+    }
+
+    void EnableDeviceLogging() { ToggleDeviceLogging(true); }
+
+    void DisableDeviceLogging() { ToggleDeviceLogging(false); }
+
+    sp<IDumpstateDevice> dumpstate;
+};
+
+#define TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, mode) \
+    TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, name##_##mode) { body(DumpstateMode::mode); }
+
+// We use a macro to define individual test cases instead of hidl_enum_range<> because some HAL
+// implementations are lazy and may call exit() at the end of dumpstateBoard(), which would cause
+// DEAD_OBJECT errors after the first iteration. Separate cases re-get the service each time as part
+// of SetUp(), and also provide better separation of concerns when specific modes are problematic.
+#define TEST_FOR_ALL_DUMPSTATE_MODES(name, body)       \
+    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, FULL);         \
+    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, INTERACTIVE);  \
+    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, REMOTE);       \
+    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, WEAR);         \
+    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, CONNECTIVITY); \
+    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, WIFI);         \
+    TEST_FOR_DUMPSTATE_MODE(name, body, DEFAULT);
+
+constexpr uint64_t kDefaultTimeoutMillis = 30 * 1000;  // 30 seconds
+
+// Will only execute additional_assertions when status == expected.
+void AssertStatusForMode(const DumpstateMode mode, const Return<DumpstateStatus>& status,
+                         const DumpstateStatus expected,
+                         std::function<void()> additional_assertions = nullptr) {
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Status should be ok and return a more specific DumpstateStatus: "
+                               << status.description();
+    if (mode == DumpstateMode::DEFAULT) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(expected, status) << "Required mode (DumpstateMode::" << toString(mode)
+                                    << "): status should be DumpstateStatus::" << toString(expected)
+                                    << ", but got DumpstateStatus::" << toString(status);
+    } else {
+        // The rest of the modes are optional to support, but they MUST return either the expected
+        // value or UNSUPPORTED_MODE.
+        ASSERT_TRUE(status == expected || status == DumpstateStatus::UNSUPPORTED_MODE)
+                << "Optional mode (DumpstateMode::" << toString(mode)
+                << "): status should be DumpstateStatus::" << toString(expected)
+                << " or DumpstateStatus::UNSUPPORTED_MODE, but got DumpstateStatus::"
+                << toString(status);
+    }
+    if (status == expected && additional_assertions != nullptr) {
+        additional_assertions();
+    }
+}
+
+// Negative test: make sure dumpstateBoard() doesn't crash when passed a null pointer.
+TEST_FOR_ALL_DUMPSTATE_MODES(TestNullHandle, [this](DumpstateMode mode) {
+    EnableDeviceLogging();
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(nullptr, mode, kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    AssertStatusForMode(mode, status, DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+});
+
+// Negative test: make sure dumpstateBoard() ignores a handle with no FD.
+TEST_FOR_ALL_DUMPSTATE_MODES(TestHandleWithNoFd, [this](DumpstateMode mode) {
+    EnableDeviceLogging();
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(0, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, mode, kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    AssertStatusForMode(mode, status, DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+});
+
+// Positive test: make sure dumpstateBoard() writes something to the FD.
+TEST_FOR_ALL_DUMPSTATE_MODES(TestOk, [this](DumpstateMode mode) {
+    EnableDeviceLogging();
+
+    // Index 0 corresponds to the read end of the pipe; 1 to the write end.
+    int fds[2];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+    handle->data[0] = fds[1];
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, mode, kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    AssertStatusForMode(mode, status, DumpstateStatus::OK, [&fds]() {
+        // Check that at least one byte was written.
+        char buff;
+        ASSERT_EQ(1, read(fds[0], &buff, 1)) << "Dumped nothing";
+    });
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+});
+
+// Positive test: make sure dumpstateBoard() doesn't crash with two FDs.
+TEST_FOR_ALL_DUMPSTATE_MODES(TestHandleWithTwoFds, [this](DumpstateMode mode) {
+    EnableDeviceLogging();
+
+    int fds1[2];
+    int fds2[2];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds1, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds2, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(2, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+    handle->data[0] = fds1[1];
+    handle->data[1] = fds2[1];
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, mode, kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    AssertStatusForMode(mode, status, DumpstateStatus::OK, [&fds1, &fds2]() {
+        // Check that at least one byte was written to one of the FDs.
+        char buff;
+        size_t read1 = read(fds1[0], &buff, 1);
+        size_t read2 = read(fds2[0], &buff, 1);
+        // Sometimes read returns -1, so we can't just add them together and expect >= 1.
+        ASSERT_TRUE(read1 == 1 || read2 == 1) << "Dumped nothing";
+    });
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+});
+
+// Make sure dumpstateBoard_1_1 actually validates its arguments.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, TestInvalidModeArgument_Negative) {
+    EnableDeviceLogging();
+
+    int fds[2];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+    handle->data[0] = fds[1];
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status = dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(
+            handle, static_cast<DumpstateMode>(-100), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Status should be ok and return a more specific DumpstateStatus: "
+                               << status.description();
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT)
+            << "Should return DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT for invalid mode param";
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+}
+
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, TestInvalidModeArgument_Undefined) {
+    EnableDeviceLogging();
+
+    int fds[2];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+    handle->data[0] = fds[1];
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status = dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(
+            handle, static_cast<DumpstateMode>(9001), kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Status should be ok and return a more specific DumpstateStatus: "
+                               << status.description();
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT)
+            << "Should return DumpstateStatus::ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT for invalid mode param";
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+}
+
+// Positive test: make sure dumpstateBoard() from 1.0 doesn't fail.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, Test1_0MethodOk) {
+    EnableDeviceLogging();
+
+    int fds[2];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+    handle->data[0] = fds[1];
+
+    Return<void> status = dumpstate->dumpstateBoard(handle);
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << "Status should be ok: " << status.description();
+
+    // Check that at least one byte was written.
+    char buff;
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, read(fds[0], &buff, 1)) << "Dumped nothing";
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+}
+
+// Make sure disabling device logging behaves correctly.
+TEST_FOR_ALL_DUMPSTATE_MODES(TestDeviceLoggingDisabled, [this](DumpstateMode mode) {
+    DisableDeviceLogging();
+
+    // Index 0 corresponds to the read end of the pipe; 1 to the write end.
+    int fds[2];
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe2(fds, O_NONBLOCK)) << errno;
+
+    native_handle_t* handle = native_handle_create(1, 0);
+    ASSERT_NE(handle, nullptr) << "Could not create native_handle";
+    handle->data[0] = fds[1];
+
+    Return<DumpstateStatus> status =
+            dumpstate->dumpstateBoard_1_1(handle, mode, kDefaultTimeoutMillis);
+
+    AssertStatusForMode(mode, status, DumpstateStatus::DEVICE_LOGGING_NOT_ENABLED, [&fds]() {
+        // Check that nothing was written. Could return 0 or -1.
+        char buff;
+        ASSERT_NE(1, read(fds[0], &buff, 1)) << "Dumped something when device logging is disabled";
+    });
+
+    native_handle_close(handle);
+    native_handle_delete(handle);
+});
+
+// Double-enable is perfectly valid, but the second call shouldn't do anything.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, TestRepeatedEnable) {
+    EnableDeviceLogging();
+    EnableDeviceLogging();
+}
+
+// Double-disable is perfectly valid, but the second call shouldn't do anything.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, TestRepeatedDisable) {
+    DisableDeviceLogging();
+    DisableDeviceLogging();
+}
+
+// Toggling in short order is perfectly valid.
+TEST_P(DumpstateHidl1_1Test, TestRepeatedToggle) {
+    EnableDeviceLogging();
+    DisableDeviceLogging();
+    EnableDeviceLogging();
+    DisableDeviceLogging();
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, DumpstateHidl1_1Test,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDumpstateDevice::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+}  // namespace
diff --git a/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index f55e5d2..a115285 100644
--- a/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: ["android.hardware.gatekeeper@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 715e9fc..afc737c 100644
--- a/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/gatekeeper/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGatekeeperV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -24,7 +24,10 @@
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hardware/hw_auth_token.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <android/log.h>
 #include <android/hardware/gatekeeper/1.0/IGatekeeper.h>
@@ -32,9 +35,6 @@
 
 #include <log/log.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
-
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
 using ::android::hardware::gatekeeper::V1_0::IGatekeeper;
@@ -78,22 +78,8 @@
   return auth_token;
 }
 
-// Test environment for Gatekeeper HIDL HAL.
-class GatekeeperHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
- public:
-  // get the test environment singleton
-  static GatekeeperHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-    static GatekeeperHidlEnvironment* instance = new GatekeeperHidlEnvironment;
-    return instance;
-  }
-
-  virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IGatekeeper>(); }
- private:
-  GatekeeperHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Gatekeeper HIDL HAL.
-class GatekeeperHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class GatekeeperHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
  protected:
   void setUid(uint32_t uid) { uid_ = uid; }
 
@@ -204,8 +190,7 @@
   GatekeeperHidlTest() : uid_(0) {}
   virtual void SetUp() override {
     GatekeeperResponse rsp;
-    gatekeeper_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IGatekeeper>(
-        GatekeeperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IGatekeeper>());
+    gatekeeper_ = IGatekeeper::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, gatekeeper_.get());
     doDeleteAllUsers(rsp);
   }
@@ -219,7 +204,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure we can enroll new password
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, EnrollSuccess) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, EnrollSuccess) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
   GatekeeperResponse rsp;
   ALOGI("Testing Enroll (expected success)");
@@ -231,7 +216,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure we can not enroll empty password
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, EnrollNoPassword) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, EnrollNoPassword) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
   GatekeeperResponse rsp;
   ALOGI("Testing Enroll (expected failure)");
@@ -242,7 +227,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure we can successfully verify previously enrolled password
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, VerifySuccess) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, VerifySuccess) {
   GatekeeperResponse enrollRsp;
   GatekeeperResponse verifyRsp;
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
@@ -258,7 +243,7 @@
  * Ensure we can securely update password (keep the same
  * secure user_id) if we prove we know old password
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, TrustedReenroll) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, TrustedReenroll) {
   GatekeeperResponse enrollRsp;
   GatekeeperRequest reenrollReq;
   GatekeeperResponse reenrollRsp;
@@ -297,7 +282,7 @@
  * Ensure we can update password (and get new
  * secure user_id) if we don't know old password
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, UntrustedReenroll) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, UntrustedReenroll) {
   GatekeeperResponse enrollRsp;
   GatekeeperResponse reenrollRsp;
   GatekeeperResponse verifyRsp;
@@ -327,7 +312,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure we dont get successful verify with invalid data
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, VerifyNoData) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, VerifyNoData) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> passwordHandle;
   GatekeeperResponse verifyRsp;
@@ -341,7 +326,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure we can not verify password after we enrolled it and then deleted user
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, DeleteUserTest) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, DeleteUserTest) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
   GatekeeperResponse enrollRsp;
   GatekeeperResponse verifyRsp;
@@ -368,7 +353,7 @@
 /**
  * Ensure we can not delete a user that does not exist
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, DeleteInvalidUserTest) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, DeleteInvalidUserTest) {
   hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
   GatekeeperResponse enrollRsp;
   GatekeeperResponse verifyRsp;
@@ -400,7 +385,7 @@
  * Ensure we can not verify passwords after we enrolled them and then deleted
  * all users
  */
-TEST_F(GatekeeperHidlTest, DeleteAllUsersTest) {
+TEST_P(GatekeeperHidlTest, DeleteAllUsersTest) {
   struct UserData {
     uint32_t userId;
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> password;
@@ -448,11 +433,7 @@
   ALOGI("Testing deleteAllUsers done: rsp=%" PRIi32, delAllRsp.code);
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-  ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(GatekeeperHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-  GatekeeperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-  int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-  ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-  return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, GatekeeperHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IGatekeeper::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.cpp b/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.cpp
index f3b376e..e6e3c85 100644
--- a/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.cpp
@@ -177,6 +177,42 @@
     return hasGnssHalVersion_1_1 && !hasGnssHalVersion_2_0;
 }
 
+GnssConstellationType GnssHalTest::startLocationAndGetNonGpsConstellation() {
+    const int kLocationsToAwait = 3;
+
+    StartAndCheckLocations(kLocationsToAwait);
+
+    // Tolerate 1 less sv status to handle edge cases in reporting.
+    EXPECT_GE((int)list_gnss_sv_status_.size() + 1, kLocationsToAwait);
+    ALOGD("Observed %d GnssSvStatus, while awaiting %d Locations (%d received)",
+          (int)list_gnss_sv_status_.size(), kLocationsToAwait, location_called_count_);
+
+    // Find first non-GPS constellation
+    GnssConstellationType constellation_to_blacklist = GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN;
+    for (const auto& gnss_sv_status : list_gnss_sv_status_) {
+        for (uint32_t iSv = 0; iSv < gnss_sv_status.numSvs; iSv++) {
+            const auto& gnss_sv = gnss_sv_status.gnssSvList[iSv];
+            if ((gnss_sv.svFlag & IGnssCallback::GnssSvFlags::USED_IN_FIX) &&
+                (gnss_sv.constellation != GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN) &&
+                (gnss_sv.constellation != GnssConstellationType::GPS)) {
+                // found a non-GPS constellation
+                constellation_to_blacklist = gnss_sv.constellation;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (constellation_to_blacklist != GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (constellation_to_blacklist == GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN) {
+        ALOGI("No non-GPS constellations found, constellation blacklist test less effective.");
+        // Proceed functionally to return something.
+        constellation_to_blacklist = GnssConstellationType::GLONASS;
+    }
+    return constellation_to_blacklist;
+}
+
 void GnssHalTest::notify() {
     std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx_);
     notify_count_++;
diff --git a/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.h b/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.h
index 84a9f84..09ebadc 100644
--- a/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.h
+++ b/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test.h
@@ -31,9 +31,10 @@
 
 using android::hardware::gnss::V1_0::GnssLocation;
 
+using android::hardware::gnss::V1_0::GnssConstellationType;
+using android::hardware::gnss::V1_0::GnssLocationFlags;
 using android::hardware::gnss::V1_1::IGnss;
 using android::hardware::gnss::V1_1::IGnssCallback;
-using android::hardware::gnss::V1_0::GnssLocationFlags;
 
 using android::sp;
 
@@ -151,6 +152,16 @@
      */
     bool IsGnssHalVersion_1_1() const;
 
+    /*
+     * startLocationAndGetNonGpsConstellation:
+     * 1. Start location
+     * 2. Find and return first non-GPS constellation
+     *
+     * Note that location is not stopped in this method. The client should call
+     * StopAndClearLocations() after the call.
+     */
+    GnssConstellationType startLocationAndGetNonGpsConstellation();
+
     sp<IGnss> gnss_hal_;         // GNSS HAL to call into
     sp<IGnssCallback> gnss_cb_;  // Primary callback interface
 
diff --git a/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test_cases.cpp b/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test_cases.cpp
index ee236ba..503e419 100644
--- a/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test_cases.cpp
+++ b/gnss/1.1/vts/functional/gnss_hal_test_cases.cpp
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * BlacklistConstellation:
+ * BlacklistConstellationWithLocationOff:
  *
  * 1) Turns on location, waits for 3 locations, ensuring they are valid, and checks corresponding
  * GnssStatus for any non-GPS constellations.
@@ -339,44 +339,19 @@
  * GnssStatus does not use any constellation but GPS.
  * 4a & b) Clean up by turning off location, and send in empty blacklist.
  */
-TEST_F(GnssHalTest, BlacklistConstellation) {
+TEST_F(GnssHalTest, BlacklistConstellationWithLocationOff) {
     if (!IsGnssHalVersion_1_1()) {
         ALOGI("Test BlacklistConstellation skipped. GNSS HAL version is greater than 1.1.");
         return;
     }
 
     const int kLocationsToAwait = 3;
-
-    StartAndCheckLocations(kLocationsToAwait);
-
-    // Tolerate 1 less sv status to handle edge cases in reporting.
-    EXPECT_GE((int)list_gnss_sv_status_.size() + 1, kLocationsToAwait);
-    ALOGD("Observed %d GnssSvStatus, while awaiting %d Locations (%d received)",
-          (int)list_gnss_sv_status_.size(), kLocationsToAwait, location_called_count_);
-
     // Find first non-GPS constellation to blacklist
-    GnssConstellationType constellation_to_blacklist = GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN;
-    for (const auto& gnss_sv_status : list_gnss_sv_status_) {
-        for (uint32_t iSv = 0; iSv < gnss_sv_status.numSvs; iSv++) {
-            const auto& gnss_sv = gnss_sv_status.gnssSvList[iSv];
-            if ((gnss_sv.svFlag & IGnssCallback::GnssSvFlags::USED_IN_FIX) &&
-                (gnss_sv.constellation != GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN) &&
-                (gnss_sv.constellation != GnssConstellationType::GPS)) {
-                // found a non-GPS constellation
-                constellation_to_blacklist = gnss_sv.constellation;
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-        if (constellation_to_blacklist != GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN) {
-            break;
-        }
-    }
+    GnssConstellationType constellation_to_blacklist = startLocationAndGetNonGpsConstellation();
 
-    if (constellation_to_blacklist == GnssConstellationType::UNKNOWN) {
-        ALOGI("No non-GPS constellations found, constellation blacklist test less effective.");
-        // Proceed functionally to blacklist something.
-        constellation_to_blacklist = GnssConstellationType::GLONASS;
-    }
+    // Turns off location
+    StopAndClearLocations();
+
     IGnssConfiguration::BlacklistedSource source_to_blacklist;
     source_to_blacklist.constellation = constellation_to_blacklist;
     source_to_blacklist.svid = 0;  // documented wildcard for all satellites in this constellation
@@ -421,6 +396,71 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * BlacklistConstellationWithLocationOn:
+ *
+ * 1) Turns on location, waits for 3 locations, ensuring they are valid, and checks corresponding
+ * GnssStatus for any non-GPS constellations.
+ * 2a & b) Blacklist first non-GPS constellations, and turns off location.
+ * 3) Restart location, wait for 3 locations, ensuring they are valid, and checks corresponding
+ * GnssStatus does not use any constellation but GPS.
+ * 4a & b) Clean up by turning off location, and send in empty blacklist.
+ */
+TEST_F(GnssHalTest, BlacklistConstellationWithLocationOn) {
+    if (!IsGnssHalVersion_1_1()) {
+        ALOGI("Test BlacklistConstellation skipped. GNSS HAL version is greater than 1.1.");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    const int kLocationsToAwait = 3;
+    GnssConstellationType constellation_to_blacklist = startLocationAndGetNonGpsConstellation();
+
+    IGnssConfiguration::BlacklistedSource source_to_blacklist;
+    source_to_blacklist.constellation = constellation_to_blacklist;
+    source_to_blacklist.svid = 0;  // documented wildcard for all satellites in this constellation
+
+    auto gnss_configuration_hal_return = gnss_hal_->getExtensionGnssConfiguration_1_1();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(gnss_configuration_hal_return.isOk());
+    sp<IGnssConfiguration> gnss_configuration_hal = gnss_configuration_hal_return;
+    ASSERT_NE(gnss_configuration_hal, nullptr);
+
+    hidl_vec<IGnssConfiguration::BlacklistedSource> sources;
+    sources.resize(1);
+    sources[0] = source_to_blacklist;
+
+    auto result = gnss_configuration_hal->setBlacklist(sources);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+
+    // Turns off location
+    StopAndClearLocations();
+
+    // retry and ensure constellation not used
+    list_gnss_sv_status_.clear();
+
+    location_called_count_ = 0;
+    StartAndCheckLocations(kLocationsToAwait);
+
+    // Tolerate 1 less sv status to handle edge cases in reporting.
+    EXPECT_GE((int)list_gnss_sv_status_.size() + 1, kLocationsToAwait);
+    ALOGD("Observed %d GnssSvStatus, while awaiting %d Locations", (int)list_gnss_sv_status_.size(),
+          kLocationsToAwait);
+    for (const auto& gnss_sv_status : list_gnss_sv_status_) {
+        for (uint32_t iSv = 0; iSv < gnss_sv_status.numSvs; iSv++) {
+            const auto& gnss_sv = gnss_sv_status.gnssSvList[iSv];
+            EXPECT_FALSE((gnss_sv.constellation == source_to_blacklist.constellation) &&
+                         (gnss_sv.svFlag & IGnssCallback::GnssSvFlags::USED_IN_FIX));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // clean up
+    StopAndClearLocations();
+    sources.resize(0);
+    result = gnss_configuration_hal->setBlacklist(sources);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(result.isOk());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(result);
+}
+
+/*
  * InjectBestLocation
  *
  * Ensure successfully injecting a location.
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hwc2on1adapter/HWC2On1Adapter.cpp b/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hwc2on1adapter/HWC2On1Adapter.cpp
index 5a75ae1..3702171 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hwc2on1adapter/HWC2On1Adapter.cpp
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.1/utils/hwc2on1adapter/HWC2On1Adapter.cpp
@@ -2590,13 +2590,6 @@
 
     std::unique_lock<std::recursive_timed_mutex> lock(mStateMutex);
 
-    // If the HWC2-side callback hasn't been registered yet, buffer this until
-    // it is registered
-    if (mCallbacks.count(Callback::Hotplug) == 0) {
-        mPendingHotplugs.emplace_back(hwc1DisplayId, connected);
-        return;
-    }
-
     hwc2_display_t displayId = UINT64_MAX;
     if (mHwc1DisplayMap.count(hwc1DisplayId) == 0) {
         if (connected == 0) {
@@ -2625,6 +2618,13 @@
         mDisplays.erase(displayId);
     }
 
+    // If the HWC2-side callback hasn't been registered yet, buffer this until
+    // it is registered
+    if (mCallbacks.count(Callback::Hotplug) == 0) {
+        mPendingHotplugs.emplace_back(hwc1DisplayId, connected);
+        return;
+    }
+
     const auto& callbackInfo = mCallbacks[Callback::Hotplug];
 
     // Call back without the state lock held
diff --git a/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/command-buffer/include/composer-command-buffer/2.3/ComposerCommandBuffer.h b/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/command-buffer/include/composer-command-buffer/2.3/ComposerCommandBuffer.h
index 11863fa..e1a870e 100644
--- a/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/command-buffer/include/composer-command-buffer/2.3/ComposerCommandBuffer.h
+++ b/graphics/composer/2.3/utils/command-buffer/include/composer-command-buffer/2.3/ComposerCommandBuffer.h
@@ -79,6 +79,7 @@
 
     void setLayerPerFrameMetadataBlobs(
         const hidl_vec<IComposerClient::PerFrameMetadataBlob>& metadata) {
+        // in units of uint32_t's
         size_t commandLength = 0;
 
         if (metadata.size() > std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) {
@@ -86,12 +87,12 @@
             return;
         }
 
-        // number of blobs
-        commandLength += metadata.size();
+        // space for numElements
+        commandLength += 1;
 
         for (auto metadataBlob : metadata) {
-            commandLength += sizeof(int32_t);  // key of metadata blob
-            commandLength += 1;                // size information of metadata blob
+            commandLength += 1;  // key of metadata blob
+            commandLength += 1;  // size information of metadata blob
 
             // metadata content size
             size_t metadataSize = metadataBlob.blob.size() / sizeof(uint32_t);
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp b/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
index d08ac56..d4e4dde 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #include <mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace graphics {
@@ -30,10 +28,10 @@
 }
 
 void Gralloc::init(const std::string& allocatorServiceName, const std::string& mapperServiceName) {
-    mAllocator = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IAllocator>(allocatorServiceName);
+    mAllocator = IAllocator::getService(allocatorServiceName);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mAllocator.get()) << "failed to get allocator service";
 
-    mMapper = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IMapper>(mapperServiceName);
+    mMapper = IMapper::getService(mapperServiceName);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mMapper.get()) << "failed to get mapper service";
     ASSERT_FALSE(mMapper->isRemote()) << "mapper is not in passthrough mode";
 }
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h b/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h
index 6c2c9a6..fc8a102 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/allocator/2.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.0/IMapper.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <utils/StrongPointer.h>
 
 namespace android {
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 853c2a3..a055b61 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-vts",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_0TargetTest.cpp
index 5ec0af2..b079a4b 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,8 +20,10 @@
 #include <thread>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <mapper-vts/2.0/MapperVts.h>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -35,28 +37,12 @@
 using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::BufferUsage;
 using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::PixelFormat;
 
-// Test environment for graphics.mapper.
-class GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment* instance = new GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<IAllocator>();
-        registerTestService<IMapper>();
-    }
-};
-
-class GraphicsMapperHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class GraphicsMapperHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
+  protected:
     void SetUp() override {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-            mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(
-                GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IAllocator>(),
-                GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IMapper>()));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(std::get<0>(GetParam()),
+                                                                     std::get<1>(GetParam())));
 
         mDummyDescriptorInfo.width = 64;
         mDummyDescriptorInfo.height = 64;
@@ -75,14 +61,14 @@
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::dumpDebugInfo by calling it.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorDumpDebugInfo) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorDumpDebugInfo) {
     mGralloc->dumpDebugInfo();
 }
 
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::allocate with valid buffer descriptors.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocate) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocate) {
     BufferDescriptor descriptor;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(descriptor = mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 
@@ -105,7 +91,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::allocate with invalid buffer descriptors.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNegative) {
     // this assumes any valid descriptor is non-empty
     BufferDescriptor descriptor;
     mGralloc->getAllocator()->allocate(descriptor, 1,
@@ -117,7 +103,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::allocate does not leak.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNoLeak) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNoLeak) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 1024;
     info.height = 1024;
@@ -131,7 +117,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that IAllocator::allocate is thread-safe.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateThreaded) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateThreaded) {
     BufferDescriptor descriptor;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(descriptor = mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 
@@ -161,14 +147,14 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::createDescriptor with valid descriptor info.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorBasic) {
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 }
 
 /**
  * Test IMapper::createDescriptor with invalid descriptor info.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorNegative) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 0;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->createDescriptor(info, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
@@ -179,7 +165,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer with allocated buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferBasic) {
     const native_handle_t* bufferHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(bufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, true));
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc->freeBuffer(bufferHandle));
@@ -188,7 +174,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer with cloned buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferClone) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferClone) {
     const native_handle_t* clonedBufferHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(clonedBufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, false));
 
@@ -206,7 +192,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer cross mapper instances.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferSingleton) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferSingleton) {
     const native_handle_t* rawHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(rawHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, false));
 
@@ -218,10 +204,8 @@
 
     // free the imported handle with another mapper
     std::unique_ptr<Gralloc> anotherGralloc;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-        anotherGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(
-            GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IAllocator>(),
-            GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IMapper>()));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(anotherGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(std::get<0>(GetParam()),
+                                                                       std::get<1>(GetParam())));
     Error error = mGralloc->getMapper()->freeBuffer(importedHandle);
     ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, error);
 
@@ -231,7 +215,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer do not leak.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferNoLeak) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferNoLeak) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 1024;
     info.height = 1024;
@@ -245,7 +229,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportBufferNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportBufferNegative) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->importBuffer(invalidHandle, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
         EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, tmpError)
@@ -263,7 +247,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::freeBuffer with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, FreeBufferNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, FreeBufferNegative) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     Error error = mGralloc->getMapper()->freeBuffer(invalidHandle);
     EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, error) << "freeBuffer with nullptr did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
@@ -286,7 +270,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::lock and IMapper::unlock.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockUnlockBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockUnlockBasic) {
     const auto& info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
 
     const native_handle_t* bufferHandle;
@@ -332,7 +316,7 @@
  * Test IMapper::lockYCbCr.  This locks a YV12 buffer, and makes sure we can
  * write to and read from it.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockYCbCrBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockYCbCrBasic) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.format = PixelFormat::YV12;
 
@@ -391,7 +375,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::unlock with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, UnlockNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, UnlockNegative) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->unlock(invalidHandle, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
         EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, tmpError)
@@ -426,6 +410,14 @@
 #endif
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+        PerInstance, GraphicsMapperHidlTest,
+        testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(
+                        android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IAllocator::descriptor)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IMapper::descriptor))),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace vts
 }  // namespace V2_0
@@ -433,13 +425,3 @@
 }  // namespace graphics
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    using android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::vts::GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment;
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/Android.bp b/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/Android.bp
index ca02aad..abbe50a 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/Android.bp
@@ -16,14 +16,13 @@
 
 cc_library_static {
     name: "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1-vts",
-    defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
+    defaults: ["hidl_defaults", "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["MapperVts.cpp"],
     cflags: [
         "-O0",
         "-g",
     ],
     static_libs: [
-        "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase",
         "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-vts",
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp b/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
index 36f9cbb..239de74 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.1/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #include <mapper-vts/2.1/MapperVts.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace graphics {
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index afd8e7f..bb76c74 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0-vts",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1-vts",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_1TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_1TargetTest.cpp
index 5e7cf93..1185945 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "VtsHalGraphicsMapperV2_1TargetTest"
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.1/IMapper.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <mapper-vts/2.1/MapperVts.h>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -34,28 +36,12 @@
 using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_1::PixelFormat;
 using V2_0::Error;
 
-// Test environment for graphics.mapper.
-class GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment* instance = new GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<IAllocator>();
-        registerTestService<IMapper>();
-    }
-};
-
-class GraphicsMapperHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class GraphicsMapperHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
+  protected:
     void SetUp() override {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-            mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(
-                GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IAllocator>(),
-                GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IMapper>()));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(std::get<0>(GetParam()),
+                                                                     std::get<1>(GetParam())));
 
         mDummyDescriptorInfo.width = 64;
         mDummyDescriptorInfo.height = 64;
@@ -74,7 +60,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that IMapper::validateBufferSize works.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ValidateBufferSizeBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ValidateBufferSizeBasic) {
     const native_handle_t* bufferHandle;
     uint32_t stride;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(bufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, true, &stride));
@@ -87,7 +73,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::validateBufferSize with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ValidateBufferSizeBadBuffer) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ValidateBufferSizeBadBuffer) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     Error ret = mGralloc->getMapper()->validateBufferSize(invalidHandle, mDummyDescriptorInfo,
                                                           mDummyDescriptorInfo.width);
@@ -114,7 +100,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::validateBufferSize with invalid descriptor and/or stride.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ValidateBufferSizeBadValue) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ValidateBufferSizeBadValue) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 1024;
     info.height = 1024;
@@ -161,7 +147,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::getTransportSize.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, GetTransportSizeBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, GetTransportSizeBasic) {
     const native_handle_t* bufferHandle;
     uint32_t numFds;
     uint32_t numInts;
@@ -173,7 +159,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::getTransportSize with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, GetTransportSizeBadBuffer) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, GetTransportSizeBadBuffer) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->getTransportSize(
         invalidHandle, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&, const auto&) {
@@ -203,14 +189,14 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::createDescriptor with valid descriptor info.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptor_2_1Basic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptor_2_1Basic) {
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 }
 
 /**
  * Test IMapper::createDescriptor with invalid descriptor info.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptor_2_1Negative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptor_2_1Negative) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 0;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->createDescriptor_2_1(info, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
@@ -218,22 +204,18 @@
     });
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+        PerInstance, GraphicsMapperHidlTest,
+        testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(
+                        android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IAllocator::descriptor)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IMapper::descriptor))),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace vts
 }  // namespace V2_1
 }  // namespace mapper
 }  // namespace graphics
 }  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    using android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_1::vts::GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment;
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-
-    return status;
-}
+}  // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp b/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
index c94e8db..de886a9 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/MapperVts.cpp
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #include <mapper-vts/3.0/MapperVts.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
 namespace android {
 namespace hardware {
 namespace graphics {
@@ -35,19 +33,19 @@
 }
 
 void Gralloc::init(const std::string& allocatorServiceName, const std::string& mapperServiceName) {
-    mAllocator = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IAllocator>(allocatorServiceName);
+    mAllocator = IAllocator::getService(allocatorServiceName);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mAllocator.get()) << "failed to get allocator service";
 
-    mMapper = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IMapper>(mapperServiceName);
+    mMapper = IMapper::getService(mapperServiceName);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mMapper.get()) << "failed to get mapper service";
     ASSERT_FALSE(mMapper->isRemote()) << "mapper is not in passthrough mode";
 }
 
 void Gralloc::initNoErr(const std::string& allocatorServiceName,
                         const std::string& mapperServiceName) {
-    mAllocator = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IAllocator>(allocatorServiceName);
+    mAllocator = IAllocator::getService(allocatorServiceName);
 
-    mMapper = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IMapper>(mapperServiceName);
+    mMapper = IMapper::getService(mapperServiceName);
     if (mMapper.get()) {
         ASSERT_FALSE(mMapper->isRemote()) << "mapper is not in passthrough mode";
     }
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/3.0/MapperVts.h b/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/3.0/MapperVts.h
index 1141a88..b2fbebb1 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/3.0/MapperVts.h
+++ b/graphics/mapper/3.0/utils/vts/include/mapper-vts/3.0/MapperVts.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/allocator/3.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/3.0/IMapper.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <utils/StrongPointer.h>
 
 namespace android {
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 77075a5..f01670e 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -26,5 +26,5 @@
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0-vts",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV3_0TargetTest.cpp b/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV3_0TargetTest.cpp
index ff73ecf..92b5994 100644
--- a/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV3_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/graphics/mapper/3.0/vts/functional/VtsHalGraphicsMapperV3_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,8 +20,10 @@
 #include <thread>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <mapper-vts/3.0/MapperVts.h>
 
 namespace android {
@@ -35,28 +37,12 @@
 using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_2::BufferUsage;
 using android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_2::PixelFormat;
 
-// Test environment for graphics.mapper.
-class GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment* instance = new GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<IAllocator>();
-        registerTestService<IMapper>();
-    }
-};
-
-class GraphicsMapperHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class GraphicsMapperHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
+  protected:
     void SetUp() override {
-        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-            mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(
-                GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IAllocator>(),
-                GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IMapper>()));
+        ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(std::get<0>(GetParam()),
+                                                                     std::get<1>(GetParam())));
 
         mDummyDescriptorInfo.width = 64;
         mDummyDescriptorInfo.height = 64;
@@ -75,14 +61,14 @@
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::dumpDebugInfo by calling it.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorDumpDebugInfo) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorDumpDebugInfo) {
     mGralloc->dumpDebugInfo();
 }
 
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::allocate with valid buffer descriptors.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocate) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocate) {
     BufferDescriptor descriptor;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(descriptor = mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 
@@ -105,7 +91,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::allocate with invalid buffer descriptors.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNegative) {
     // this assumes any valid descriptor is non-empty
     BufferDescriptor descriptor;
     mGralloc->getAllocator()->allocate(descriptor, 1,
@@ -117,7 +103,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IAllocator::allocate does not leak.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNoLeak) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateNoLeak) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 1024;
     info.height = 1024;
@@ -131,7 +117,7 @@
 /**
  * Test that IAllocator::allocate is thread-safe.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateThreaded) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, AllocatorAllocateThreaded) {
     BufferDescriptor descriptor;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(descriptor = mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 
@@ -161,14 +147,14 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::createDescriptor with valid descriptor info.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorBasic) {
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc->createDescriptor(mDummyDescriptorInfo));
 }
 
 /**
  * Test IMapper::createDescriptor with invalid descriptor info.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, CreateDescriptorNegative) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 0;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->createDescriptor(info, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
@@ -179,7 +165,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer with allocated buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferBasic) {
     const native_handle_t* bufferHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(bufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, true));
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(mGralloc->freeBuffer(bufferHandle));
@@ -188,7 +174,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer with cloned buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferClone) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferClone) {
     const native_handle_t* clonedBufferHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(clonedBufferHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, false));
 
@@ -206,7 +192,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer cross mapper instances.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferSingleton) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferSingleton) {
     const native_handle_t* rawHandle;
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(rawHandle = mGralloc->allocate(mDummyDescriptorInfo, false));
 
@@ -218,10 +204,8 @@
 
     // free the imported handle with another mapper
     std::unique_ptr<Gralloc> anotherGralloc;
-    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-        anotherGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(
-            GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IAllocator>(),
-            GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IMapper>()));
+    ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(anotherGralloc = std::make_unique<Gralloc>(std::get<0>(GetParam()),
+                                                                       std::get<1>(GetParam())));
     Error error = mGralloc->getMapper()->freeBuffer(importedHandle);
     ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, error);
 
@@ -231,7 +215,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer and IMapper::freeBuffer do not leak.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferNoLeak) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportFreeBufferNoLeak) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.width = 1024;
     info.height = 1024;
@@ -245,7 +229,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::importBuffer with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportBufferNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, ImportBufferNegative) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->importBuffer(invalidHandle, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
         EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, tmpError)
@@ -263,7 +247,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::freeBuffer with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, FreeBufferNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, FreeBufferNegative) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     Error error = mGralloc->getMapper()->freeBuffer(invalidHandle);
     EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, error) << "freeBuffer with nullptr did not fail with BAD_BUFFER";
@@ -286,7 +270,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::lock and IMapper::unlock.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockUnlockBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockUnlockBasic) {
     const auto& info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
 
     const native_handle_t* bufferHandle;
@@ -346,7 +330,7 @@
  * Test IMapper::lockYCbCr.  This locks a YV12 buffer, and makes sure we can
  * write to and read from it.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockYCbCrBasic) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, LockYCbCrBasic) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.format = PixelFormat::YV12;
 
@@ -405,7 +389,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::unlock with invalid buffers.
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, UnlockNegative) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, UnlockNegative) {
     native_handle_t* invalidHandle = nullptr;
     mGralloc->getMapper()->unlock(invalidHandle, [&](const auto& tmpError, const auto&) {
         EXPECT_EQ(Error::BAD_BUFFER, tmpError)
@@ -443,7 +427,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::isSupported with required format RGBA_8888
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, IsSupportedRGBA8888) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, IsSupportedRGBA8888) {
     const auto& info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     bool supported = false;
 
@@ -454,7 +438,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::isSupported with required format YV12
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, IsSupportedYV12) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, IsSupportedYV12) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.format = PixelFormat::YV12;
     bool supported = false;
@@ -466,7 +450,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IMapper::isSupported with optional format Y16
  */
-TEST_F(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, IsSupportedY16) {
+TEST_P(GraphicsMapperHidlTest, IsSupportedY16) {
     auto info = mDummyDescriptorInfo;
     info.format = PixelFormat::Y16;
     bool supported = false;
@@ -474,6 +458,14 @@
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(supported = mGralloc->isSupported(info));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+        PerInstance, GraphicsMapperHidlTest,
+        testing::Combine(
+                testing::ValuesIn(
+                        android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IAllocator::descriptor)),
+                testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IMapper::descriptor))),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
 }  // namespace
 }  // namespace vts
 }  // namespace V3_0
@@ -481,13 +473,3 @@
 }  // namespace graphics
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    using android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::vts::GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment;
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    GraphicsMapperHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
diff --git a/health/1.0/default/Android.bp b/health/1.0/default/Android.bp
index 049e393..7581335 100644
--- a/health/1.0/default/Android.bp
+++ b/health/1.0/default/Android.bp
@@ -18,3 +18,55 @@
 
 }
 
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "android.hardware.health@1.0-impl-helper",
+    vendor: true,
+    srcs: ["Health.cpp"],
+
+    header_libs: [
+        "libbase_headers",
+        "libhealthd_headers",
+    ],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libcutils",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "liblog",
+        "libutils",
+        "android.hardware.health@1.0",
+    ],
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.health@1.0-convert",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_library_shared {
+    name: "android.hardware.health@1.0-impl",
+    vendor: true,
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.health@1.0-impl-helper",
+        "android.hardware.health@1.0-convert",
+        "libhealthd.default",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.health@1.0-service",
+    vendor: true,
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    init_rc: ["android.hardware.health@1.0-service.rc"],
+    srcs: ["HealthService.cpp"],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "liblog",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libdl",
+        "libbase",
+        "libutils",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "android.hardware.health@1.0",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/health/1.0/default/Android.mk b/health/1.0/default/Android.mk
deleted file mode 100644
index bbf37af..0000000
--- a/health/1.0/default/Android.mk
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-LOCAL_PATH := $(call my-dir)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_MODULE := android.hardware.health@1.0-impl
-LOCAL_PROPRIETARY_MODULE := true
-LOCAL_MODULE_RELATIVE_PATH := hw
-LOCAL_C_INCLUDES := system/core/base/include
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
-    Health.cpp \
-
-LOCAL_HEADER_LIBRARIES := libhealthd_headers
-
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \
-    libcutils \
-    libhidlbase \
-    liblog \
-    libutils \
-    android.hardware.health@1.0 \
-
-LOCAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := android.hardware.health@1.0-convert
-
-LOCAL_HAL_STATIC_LIBRARIES := libhealthd
-
-include $(BUILD_SHARED_LIBRARY)
-
-include $(CLEAR_VARS)
-LOCAL_PROPRIETARY_MODULE := true
-LOCAL_MODULE_RELATIVE_PATH := hw
-LOCAL_MODULE := android.hardware.health@1.0-service
-LOCAL_INIT_RC := android.hardware.health@1.0-service.rc
-LOCAL_SRC_FILES := \
-    HealthService.cpp \
-
-LOCAL_SHARED_LIBRARIES := \
-    liblog \
-    libcutils \
-    libdl \
-    libbase \
-    libutils \
-    libhidlbase \
-    android.hardware.health@1.0 \
-
-include $(BUILD_EXECUTABLE)
-
-include $(call first-makefiles-under,$(LOCAL_PATH))
diff --git a/health/1.0/default/README.md b/health/1.0/default/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ded7de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/health/1.0/default/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# Implement the 2.1 HAL instead!
+
+It is strongly recommended that you implement the 2.1 HAL directly. See
+`hardware/interfaces/health/2.1/README.md` for more details.
+
+# Implement Health 1.0 HAL
+
+1. Install common binderized service. The binderized service `dlopen()`s
+   passthrough implementations on the device, so there is no need to write
+   your own.
+
+    ```mk
+    # Install default binderized implementation to vendor.
+    PRODUCT_PACKAGES += android.hardware.health@1.0-service
+    ```
+
+1. Add proper VINTF manifest entry to your device manifest. Example:
+
+    ```xml
+    <hal format="hidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.health</name>
+        <transport>hwbinder</transport>
+        <version>1.0</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IHealth</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+    ```
+
+1. Install the proper passthrough implemetation.
+
+    1. If you want to use the default implementation (with default `libhealthd`),
+       add the following to `device.mk`:
+
+        ```mk
+        PRODUCT_PACKAGES += \
+            android.hardware.health@1.0-impl
+        ```
+
+    1. Otherwise, if you have a customized `libhealthd.<board>`:
+
+        1. Define your passthrough implementation. Example (replace `<device>`
+           and `<board>` accordingly):
+
+            ```bp
+            cc_library_shared {
+                name: "android.hardware.health@1.0-impl-<device>",
+                vendor: true,
+                relative_install_path: "hw",
+
+                static_libs: [
+                    "android.hardware.health@1.0-impl-helper",
+                    "android.hardware.health@1.0-convert",
+                    "libhealthd.<board>",
+                ],
+            }
+            ```
+
+        1. Add to `device.mk`.
+
+            ```
+            PRODUCT_PACKAGES += android.hardware.health@1.0-impl-<device>
+            ```
+
+        1. Define appropriate SELinux permissions.
diff --git a/health/2.0/default/healthd_common_adapter.cpp b/health/2.0/default/healthd_common_adapter.cpp
index 8fc689d..0b5d869 100644
--- a/health/2.0/default/healthd_common_adapter.cpp
+++ b/health/2.0/default/healthd_common_adapter.cpp
@@ -49,11 +49,14 @@
 static std::unique_ptr<HealthLoopAdapter> health_loop;
 
 int healthd_register_event(int fd, void (*handler)(uint32_t), EventWakeup wakeup) {
+    if (!health_loop) return -1;
+
     auto wrapped_handler = [handler](auto*, uint32_t epevents) { handler(epevents); };
     return health_loop->RegisterEvent(fd, wrapped_handler, wakeup);
 }
 
 void healthd_battery_update_internal(bool charger_online) {
+    if (!health_loop) return;
     health_loop->AdjustWakealarmPeriods(charger_online);
 }
 
diff --git a/health/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/health/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index b090548..43571ef 100644
--- a/health/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/health/2.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -23,5 +23,5 @@
         "android.hardware.health@1.0",
         "android.hardware.health@2.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/health/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/health/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_0TargetTest.cpp
index 6e13a98..352a990 100644
--- a/health/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/health/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,17 +20,18 @@
 #include <set>
 #include <string>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/hardware/health/2.0/IHealth.h>
 #include <android/hardware/health/2.0/types.h>
 #include <gflags/gflags.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 
 using ::testing::AssertionFailure;
 using ::testing::AssertionResult;
 using ::testing::AssertionSuccess;
-using ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase;
-using ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase;
 
 DEFINE_bool(force, false, "Force test healthd even when the default instance is present.");
 
@@ -74,30 +75,13 @@
 
 using V1_0::BatteryStatus;
 
-// Test environment for graphics.composer
-class HealthHidlEnvironment : public VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static HealthHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static HealthHidlEnvironment* instance = new HealthHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IHealth>(); }
-
-   private:
-    HealthHidlEnvironment() {}
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(HealthHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class HealthHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class HealthHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
    public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        std::string serviceName = HealthHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IHealth>();
+        std::string serviceName = GetParam();
 
         if (serviceName == "backup" && !FLAGS_force &&
-            ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IHealth>() != nullptr) {
+            IHealth::getService() != nullptr) {
             LOG(INFO) << "Skipping tests on healthd because the default instance is present. "
                       << "Use --force if you really want to test healthd.";
             GTEST_SKIP();
@@ -105,7 +89,7 @@
 
         LOG(INFO) << "get service with name:" << serviceName;
         ASSERT_FALSE(serviceName.empty());
-        mHealth = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IHealth>(serviceName);
+        mHealth = IHealth::getService(serviceName);
         ASSERT_NE(mHealth, nullptr);
     }
 
@@ -156,7 +140,7 @@
  * Test whether callbacks work. Tested functions are IHealth::registerCallback,
  * unregisterCallback, and update.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, Callbacks) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, Callbacks) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     using namespace std::chrono_literals;
     sp<Callback> firstCallback = new Callback();
@@ -193,7 +177,7 @@
     ASSERT_ALL_OK(mHealth->unregisterCallback(secondCallback));
 }
 
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, UnregisterNonExistentCallback) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, UnregisterNonExistentCallback) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     sp<Callback> callback = new Callback();
     auto ret = mHealth->unregisterCallback(callback);
@@ -278,7 +262,7 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getChargeCounter() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getChargeCounter) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getChargeCounter) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getChargeCounter([](auto result, auto value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, std::to_string(value), value > 0);
@@ -288,7 +272,7 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getCurrentNow() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getCurrentNow) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getCurrentNow) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getCurrentNow([](auto result, auto value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, std::to_string(value), value != INT32_MIN);
@@ -298,7 +282,7 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getCurrentAverage() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getCurrentAverage) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getCurrentAverage) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getCurrentAverage([](auto result, auto value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, std::to_string(value), value != INT32_MIN);
@@ -308,7 +292,7 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getCapacity() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getCapacity) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getCapacity) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getCapacity([](auto result, auto value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, std::to_string(value), 0 <= value && value <= 100);
@@ -318,7 +302,7 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getEnergyCounter() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getEnergyCounter) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getEnergyCounter) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getEnergyCounter([](auto result, auto value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, std::to_string(value), value != INT64_MIN);
@@ -328,19 +312,17 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getChargeStatus() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getChargeStatus) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getChargeStatus) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getChargeStatus([](auto result, auto value) {
-        EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(
-            result, toString(value),
-            value != BatteryStatus::UNKNOWN && verifyEnum<BatteryStatus>(value));
+        EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, toString(value), verifyEnum<BatteryStatus>(value));
     }));
 }
 
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getStorageInfo() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getStorageInfo) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getStorageInfo) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getStorageInfo([](auto result, auto& value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, toString(value), verifyStorageInfo(value));
@@ -350,7 +332,7 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getDiskStats() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getDiskStats) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getDiskStats) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getDiskStats([](auto result, auto& value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, toString(value), true);
@@ -360,25 +342,24 @@
 /*
  * Tests the values returned by getHealthInfo() from interface IHealth.
  */
-TEST_F(HealthHidlTest, getHealthInfo) {
+TEST_P(HealthHidlTest, getHealthInfo) {
     SKIP_IF_SKIPPED();
     EXPECT_OK(mHealth->getHealthInfo([](auto result, auto& value) {
         EXPECT_VALID_OR_UNSUPPORTED_PROP(result, toString(value), verifyHealthInfo(value));
     }));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, HealthHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IHealth::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
 }  // namespace V2_0
 }  // namespace health
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    using ::android::hardware::health::V2_0::HealthHidlEnvironment;
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(HealthHidlEnvironment::Instance());
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    HealthHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
     gflags::ParseCommandLineFlags(&argc, &argv, true /* remove flags */);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
 }
diff --git a/health/2.1/README.md b/health/2.1/README.md
index 5a19d7b..8390570 100644
--- a/health/2.1/README.md
+++ b/health/2.1/README.md
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@
         ```mk
         # Install default passthrough implementation to vendor.
         PRODUCT_PACKAGES += android.hardware.health@2.1-impl
+
+        # For non-A/B devices, install default passthrough implementation to recovery.
+        PRODUCT_PACKAGES += android.hardware.health@2.1-impl.recovery
         ```
 
         You are done. Otherwise, go to the next step.
@@ -42,6 +45,8 @@
               implementation, See
               [Upgrading from Health HAL 2.0](#update-from-2-0).
 
+        1. [Install the implementation](#install).
+
         1. [Update necessary SELinux permissions](#selinux).
 
         1. [Fix `/charger` symlink](#charger-symlink).
@@ -95,6 +100,18 @@
   `HealthImpl::getHealthInfo` or `HealthImpl::getHealthInfo_2_1` because they call
   `getDiskStats` and `getStorageInfo` to retrieve storage information.
 
+# Install the implementation {#install}
+
+In `device.mk`:
+
+```mk
+# Install the passthrough implementation to vendor.
+PRODUCT_PACKAGES += android.hardware.health@2.1-impl-<device>
+
+# For non-A/B devices, also install the passthrough implementation to recovery.
+PRODUCT_PACKAGES += android.hardware.health@2.1-impl-<device>.recovery
+```
+
 # Update necessary SELinux permissions {#selinux}
 
 For example (replace `<device>` with the device name):
diff --git a/health/2.1/default/android.hardware.health@2.1-service.rc b/health/2.1/default/android.hardware.health@2.1-service.rc
index 917f1c2..b6d9e3b 100644
--- a/health/2.1/default/android.hardware.health@2.1-service.rc
+++ b/health/2.1/default/android.hardware.health@2.1-service.rc
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 service health-hal-2-1 /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.health@2.1-service
-    class hal
+    class hal charger
     user system
     group system
     capabilities WAKE_ALARM
diff --git a/health/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/health/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 5aa873a..17472fa 100644
--- a/health/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/health/2.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -25,5 +25,8 @@
         "android.hardware.health@2.0",
         "android.hardware.health@2.1",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/health/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_1TargetTest.cpp b/health/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_1TargetTest.cpp
index da9f5bb..e75b299 100644
--- a/health/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/health/2.1/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthV2_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -233,9 +233,13 @@
         EXPECT_TRUE(IsEnum(value.batteryCapacityLevel)) << " BatteryCapacityLevel";
         EXPECT_GE(value.batteryChargeTimeToFullNowSeconds, 0);
 
-        EXPECT_GE(value.batteryFullCapacityUah, 0) << "batteryFullCapacityUah is unknown";
-        EXPECT_GE(value.batteryFullCapacityUah, legacy.batteryFullCharge * 0.50);
-        EXPECT_LE(value.batteryFullCapacityUah, legacy.batteryFullCharge * 1.20);
+        EXPECT_GE(value.batteryFullCapacityUah, 0)
+                << "batteryFullCapacityUah should not be negative";
+
+        if (value.batteryFullCapacityUah > 0) {
+            EXPECT_GE(value.batteryFullCapacityUah, legacy.batteryFullCharge * 0.50);
+            EXPECT_LE(value.batteryFullCapacityUah, legacy.batteryFullCharge * 1.20);
+        }
     })));
 }
 
diff --git a/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index a30cdde..4c703c5 100644
--- a/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libhidlbase",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
+    test_config: "VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest.config",
 }
-
diff --git a/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest.config b/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest.config
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0cd1c11
--- /dev/null
+++ b/health/storage/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest.config
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalHealthStorageV1_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="3m" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/health/utils/libhealthloop/utils.cpp b/health/utils/libhealthloop/utils.cpp
index b0d153f..ebfd8d8 100644
--- a/health/utils/libhealthloop/utils.cpp
+++ b/health/utils/libhealthloop/utils.cpp
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@
             .batteryChargeCounterPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
             .batteryFullChargePath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
             .batteryCycleCountPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
+            .batteryCapacityLevelPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
+            .batteryChargeTimeToFullNowPath = String8(String8::kEmptyString),
             .energyCounter = NULL,
             .boot_min_cap = 0,
             .screen_on = NULL,
diff --git a/identity/1.0/Android.bp b/identity/1.0/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e0a6332
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
+
+hidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.identity@1.0",
+    root: "android.hardware",
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
+    srcs: [
+        "types.hal",
+        "IIdentityCredential.hal",
+        "IIdentityCredentialStore.hal",
+        "IWritableIdentityCredential.hal",
+    ],
+    interfaces: [
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
+        "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+    ],
+    gen_java: false,
+}
diff --git a/identity/1.0/IIdentityCredential.hal b/identity/1.0/IIdentityCredential.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75f6e18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/IIdentityCredential.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,343 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.identity@1.0;
+
+import android.hardware.keymaster@4.0::HardwareAuthToken;
+
+interface IIdentityCredential {
+    /**
+     * Delete a credential.
+     *
+     * This method returns a COSE_Sign1 data structure signed by CredentialKey
+     * with payload set to the ProofOfDeletion CBOR below:
+     *
+     *     ProofOfDeletion = [
+     *          "ProofOfDeletion",            ; tstr
+     *          tstr,                         ; DocType
+     *          bool                          ; true if this is a test credential, should
+     *                                        ; always be false.
+     *     ]
+     *
+     * After this method has been called, the persistent storage used for credentialData should
+     * be deleted.
+     *
+     * @return proofOfDeletionSignature is a COSE_Sign1 signature described above.
+     */
+    deleteCredential()
+        generates(Result result, vec<uint8_t> proofOfDeletionSignature);
+
+    /**
+     * Creates an ephemeral EC key pair, for use in establishing a seceure session with a reader.
+     * This method returns the private key so the caller can perform an ECDH key agreement operation
+     * with the reader.  The reason for generating the key pair in the secure environment is so that
+     * the secure environment knows what public key to expect to find in the session transcript.
+     *
+     * This method may only be called once per instance. If called more than once, FAILED
+     * will be returned.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success or FAILED if an error occurred.
+     *
+     * @return keyPair contains the unencrypted key-pair in PKCS#8 format.
+     */
+    createEphemeralKeyPair() generates (Result result, vec<uint8_t> keyPair);
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the public part of the reader's ephemeral key pair.
+     *
+     * This method may only be called once per instance. If called more than once, FAILED
+     * will be returned.
+     *
+     * @param publicKey contains the reader's ephemeral public key, in uncompressed form.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success or FAILED if an error occurred.
+     */
+    setReaderEphemeralPublicKey(vec<uint8_t> publicKey) generates (Result result);
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a challenge value to be used for proving successful user authentication. This
+     * is included in the authToken passed to the startRetrieval() method.
+     *
+     * This method may only be called once per instance. If called more than once, FAILED
+     * will be returned.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success or FAILED if an error occurred.
+     *
+     * @return challenge on success, is a non-zero number.
+     */
+    createAuthChallenge() generates (Result result, uint64_t challenge);
+
+    /**
+     * Start an entry retrieval process.
+     *
+     * This method be called after createEphemeralKeyPair(), setReaderEphemeralPublicKey(),
+     * createAuthChallenge() and before startRetrieveEntry(). This method call is followed by
+     * multiple calls of startRetrieveEntryValue(), retrieveEntryValue(), and finally
+     * finishRetrieval().This whole process is called a "credential presentation".
+     *
+     * It is permissible to perform multiple credential presentations using the same instance (e.g.
+     * startRetrieval(), then multiple calls of startRetrieveEntryValue(), retrieveEntryValue(),
+     * then finally finishRetrieval()) but if this is done, the sessionTranscript parameter
+     * must be identical for each startRetrieval() invocation. If this is not the case, this call
+     * fails with the SESSION_TRANSCRIPT_MISMATCH error.
+     *
+     * If the provided authToken is not valid this method fails with INVALID_AUTH_TOKEN.
+     *
+     * Each of the provided accessControlProfiles is checked in this call. If they are not
+     * all valid, the call fails with INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * For the itemsRequest parameter, the content can be defined in the way appropriate for
+     * the credential, but there are three requirements that must be met to work with this HAL:
+     *
+     *  1. The content must be a CBOR-encoded structure.
+     *  2. The CBOR structure must be a map.
+     *  3. The map must contain a tstr key "nameSpaces" whose value contains a map, as described in
+     *     the example below.
+     *
+     * If these requirements are not met the startRetrieval() call fails with
+     * INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE.
+     *
+     * Here's an example of ItemsRequest CBOR which conforms to this requirement:
+     *
+     *   ItemsRequest = {
+     *     ? "docType" : DocType,
+     *       "nameSpaces" : NameSpaces,
+     *     ? "requestInfo" : {* tstr => any}   ; Additional info the reader wants to provide
+     *   }
+     *
+     *   DocType = tstr
+     *
+     *   NameSpaces = {
+     *     + NameSpace => DataElements    ; Requested data elements for each NameSpace
+     *   }
+     *
+     *   NameSpace = tstr
+     *
+     *   DataElements = {
+     *     + DataElement => IntentToRetain
+     *   }
+     *
+     *   DataElement = tstr
+     *   IntentToRetain = bool
+     *
+     * For the readerSignature parameter, this can either be empty or if non-empty it
+     * must be a COSE_Sign1 structure with an ECDSA signature over the content of the
+     * CBOR conforming to the following CDDL:
+     *
+     *     ReaderAuthentication = [
+     *       "ReaderAuthentication",
+     *       SessionTranscript,
+     *       ItemsRequestBytes
+     *     ]
+     *
+     *     SessionTranscript = [
+     *       DeviceEngagementBytes,
+     *       EReaderKeyBytes
+     *     ]
+     *
+     *     DeviceEngagementBytes = #6.24(bstr .cbor DeviceEngagement)
+     *     EReaderKeyBytes = #6.24(bstr .cbor EReaderKey.Pub)
+     *     ItemsRequestBytes = #6.24(bstr .cbor ItemsRequest)
+     *
+     * The public key corresponding to the key used to made signature, can be found in the
+     * 'x5chain' unprotected header element of the COSE_Sign1 structure (as as described
+     * in 'draft-ietf-cose-x509-04'). There will be at least one certificate in said element
+     * and there may be more (and if so, each certificate must be signed by its successor).
+     * This is checked and if the check fails the call fails with READER_SIGNATURE_CHECK_FAILED.
+     *
+     * The SessionTranscript CBOR is conveyed in the sessionTranscript parameter. It
+     * is permissible for this to be empty in which case the readerSignature parameter
+     * must also be empty. If this is not the case, the call fails with FAILED.
+     *
+     * If the SessionTranscript CBOR is not empty, the X and Y coordinates of the public
+     * part of the key-pair previously generated by createEphemeralKeyPair() must appear
+     * somewhere in the bytes of DeviceEngagement structure. Both X and Y should be in
+     * uncompressed form. If this is not satisfied, the call fails with
+     * EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND.
+     *
+     * @param accessControlProfiles
+     *   Access control profiles that are required to retrieve the entries that are going to be
+     *   requested with IIdentityCredential.retrieveEntryValue(). See above.
+     *
+     * @param authToken
+     *   The authentication token that proves the user was authenticated, as required
+     *   by one or more of the provided accessControlProfiles. See above.
+     *
+     * @param itemsRequest
+     *   If non-empty, contains request data that is signed by the reader. See above.
+     *
+     * @param sessionTranscript
+     *   Either empty or the CBOR of the SessionTranscript. See above.
+     *
+     * @param readerSignature
+     *   readerSignature is either empty or contains a CBOR_Sign1 structure. See above.
+     *
+     * @param requestCounts
+     *   requestCounts specifies the number of data items that are going to be requested, per
+     *   namespace.  The number of elements in the vector must be the number of namespaces for which
+     *   data items will be requested in retrieveEntryValue() calls, and the values of the elments
+     *   must be the number of items from each namespace, in order, that will be requested in
+     *   retrieveEntryValue() calls.
+     *   Note that it's the caller's responsibility to ensure that the counts correspond to the
+     *   retrieveEntryValue() calls that will be made, and that every retrieveEntryValue() call
+     *   will succeed (i.e. that the access control profile checks will succeed).  This means that
+     *   it's the responsibility of the caller to determine which access control checks will fail
+     *   and remove the corresponding requests from the counts.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success. If an error occurs one of the values described above
+     *   will be returned.
+     */
+    startRetrieval(vec<SecureAccessControlProfile> accessControlProfiles,
+                   HardwareAuthToken authToken,
+                   vec<uint8_t> itemsRequest,
+                   vec<uint8_t> sessionTranscript,
+                   vec<uint8_t> readerSignature,
+                   vec<uint16_t> requestCounts) generates(Result result);
+
+    /**
+     * Starts retrieving an entry, subject to access control requirements.  Entries must be
+     * retrieved in namespace groups as specified in the requestCounts parameter.
+     *
+     * If the requestData parameter as passed to startRetrieval() was non-empty
+     * this method must only be called with entries specified in that field. If this
+     * requirement is not met, the call fails with NOT_IN_REQUEST_MESSAGE.
+     *
+     * If nameSpace or name is empty this call fails with INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * Each access control profile for the entry is checked. If user authentication
+     * is required and the supplied auth token doesn't provide it the call fails
+     * with USER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED. If reader authentication is required and
+     * a suitable reader certificate chain isn't presented, the call fails with
+     * READER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED.
+     *
+     * It is permissible to keep retrieving values if an access control check fails.
+     *
+     * @param nameSpace is the namespace of the element, e.g. "org.iso.18013"
+     *
+     * @param name is the name of the element.
+     *
+     * @param entrySize is the size of the entry value, if it's a text string or a byte string.
+     *     It must be zero if the entry value is an integer or boolean. If this requirement
+     *     is not met the call fails with INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param accessControlProfileIds specifies the set of access control profiles that can
+     *     authorize access to the provisioned element. If an identifier of a profile
+     *     is given and this profile wasn't passed to startRetrieval() this call fails
+     *     with INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success. Otherwise one of INVALID_DATA, FAILED,
+     *     USER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED, READER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED.
+     */
+    startRetrieveEntryValue(string nameSpace, string name, uint32_t entrySize,
+                            vec<uint16_t> accessControlProfileIds)
+        generates (Result result);
+
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves an entry value, or part of one, if the entry value is larger than gcmChunkSize.
+     * May only be called after startRetrieveEntry().
+     *
+     * If the passed in data is not authentic, can't be decrypted, is of the wrong size, or can't
+     * be decoded, this call fails with INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param encryptedContent contains the encrypted and MACed content.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success, INVALID_DATA, or FAILED if an error occurred.
+     *
+     * @return content is the entry value as CBOR, or part of the entry value in the case the
+     *    content exceeds gcmChunkSize in length.
+     */
+    retrieveEntryValue(vec<uint8_t> encryptedContent)
+        generates (Result result, vec<uint8_t> content);
+
+
+    /**
+     * End retrieval of data, optionally returning a message authentication code over the
+     * returned data.
+     *
+     * If signingKeyBlob or the sessionTranscript parameter passed to startRetrieval() is
+     * empty then the returned MAC will be empty.
+     *
+     * @param signingKeyBlob is either empty or a signingKeyBlob (see generateSigningKeyPair(),
+     *    below) containing the signing key to use to sign the data retrieved. If this
+     *    is not in the right format the call fails with INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success, INVALID_DATA or FAILED if an error occurred.
+     *
+     * @return mac is empty if signingKeyBlob or the sessionTranscript passed to
+     *    startRetrieval() is empty. Otherwise it is a COSE_Mac0 with empty payload
+     *    and the detached content is set to DeviceAuthentication as defined below.
+     *    The key used for the MAC operation is EMacKey and is derived as follows:
+     *
+     *     KDF(ECDH(SDeviceKey.Priv, EReaderKey.Pub))
+     *
+     *    where SDeviceKey.Priv is the key identified by signingKeyBlob. The KDF
+     *    and ECDH functions shall be the same as the ciphersuite selected and
+     *    passed to IIdentityStore.getCredential(). The EMacKey shall be derived
+     *    using a salt of 0x00.
+     *
+     *        DeviceAuthentication = [
+     *            "DeviceAuthentication",
+     *            SessionTranscript,
+     *            DocType,
+     *            DeviceNameSpaceBytes,
+     *        ]
+     *
+     *        DocType = tstr
+     *
+     *        SessionTranscript = [
+     *            DeviceEngagementBytes,
+     *            EReaderKeyBytes
+     *        ]
+     *
+     *        DeviceEngagementBytes = #6.24(bstr .cbor DeviceEngagement)
+     *        EReaderKeyBytes = #6.24(bstr .cbor EReaderKey.Pub)
+     *        DeviceNameSpacesBytes = #6.24(bstr .cbor DeviceNameSpaces)
+     *
+     *    where
+     *
+     *        DeviceNameSpaces = {
+     *            * NameSpace => DeviceSignedItems
+     *        }
+     *        DeviceSignedItems = {
+     *            + DataItemName => DataItemValue
+     *        }
+     *
+     *        Namespace = tstr
+     *        DataItemName = tstr
+     *        DataItemValue = any
+     *
+     *
+     * @return deviceNameSpaces the bytes of DeviceNameSpaces.
+     */
+    finishRetrieval(vec<uint8_t> signingKeyBlob)
+        generates(Result result, vec<uint8_t> mac, vec<uint8_t> deviceNameSpaces);
+
+
+    /**
+     * Generate a key pair to be used for signing session data and retrieved data items.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success or FAILED if an error occurred.
+     *
+     * @return signingKeyBlob contains an encrypted copy of the newly-generated private signing key.
+     *
+     * @return signingKeyCertificate contains an X.509 certificate for the new signing key, signed
+     *     by the credential key.
+     */
+    generateSigningKeyPair()
+        generates(Result result, vec<uint8_t> signingKeyBlob,
+                  vec<uint8_t> signingKeyCertificate);
+};
diff --git a/identity/1.0/IIdentityCredentialStore.hal b/identity/1.0/IIdentityCredentialStore.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..118ca6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/IIdentityCredentialStore.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,185 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.identity@1.0;
+
+import IWritableIdentityCredential;
+import IIdentityCredential;
+
+/**
+ * IIdentityCredentialStore provides an interface to a secure store for user identity documents.
+ * This HAL is deliberately fairly general and abstract.  To the extent possible, specification of
+ * the message formats and semantics of communication with credential verification devices and
+ * issuing authorities (IAs) is out of scope for this HAL.  It provides the interface with secure
+ * storage but a credential-specific Android application will be required to implement the
+ * presentation and verification protocols and processes appropriate for the specific credential
+ * type.
+ *
+ * The design of this HAL makes few assumptions about the underlying secure hardware.  In particular
+ * it does not assume that the secure hardware has any storage beyond that needed for a persistent,
+ * hardware-bound AES-128 key.  However, its design allows the use of secure hardware that does have
+ * storage, specifically to enable "direct access".  Most often credentials will be accessed through
+ * this HAL and through the Android layers above it but that requires that the Android device be
+ * powered up and fully functional.  It is desirable to allow identity credential usage when the
+ * Android device's battery is too low to boot the Android operating system, so direct access to the
+ * secure hardware via NFC may allow data retrieval, if the secure hardware chooses to implement it.
+ * Definition of how data is retrieved in low power mode is explicitly out of scope for this HAL
+ * specification; it's up to the relevant identity credential standards to define.
+ *
+ * The 'default' HAL instance is explicitly not for direct access and the 'direct_access' HAL
+ * instance - if available - is for direct access. Applications are expected to provision their
+ * credential to both instances (and the contents may differ), not just one of them.
+ *
+ * Multiple credentials can be created.  Each credential comprises:
+ *
+ * - A document type, which is a UTF-8 string of at most 256 bytes.
+ *
+ * - A set of namespaces, which serve to disambiguate value names.  Namespaces are UTF-8 strings of
+ *   up to 256 bytes in length (most should be much shorter).  It is recommended that namespaces be
+ *   structured as reverse domain names so that IANA effectively serves as the namespace registrar.
+ *
+ * - For each namespase, a set of name/value pairs, each with an associated set of access control
+ *   profile IDs.  Names are UTF-8 strings of up to 256 bytes in length (most should be much
+ *   shorter).  Values stored must be encoed as valid CBOR (https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7049) and
+ *   the encoeded size is is limited to at most 512 KiB.
+ *
+ * - A set of access control profiles, each with a profile ID and a specification of the
+ *   conditions which satisfy the profile's requirements.
+ *
+ * - An asymmetric key pair which is used to authenticate the credential to the IA, called the
+ *   CredentialKey. This key is attested to by the secure hardware using Android Keystore
+ *   attestation (https://source.android.com/security/keystore/attestation). See
+ *   getAttestationCertificate() in the IWritableIdentityCredential for more information.
+ *
+ * - A set of zero or more named reader authentication public keys, which are used to authenticate
+ *   an authorized reader to the credential.
+ *
+ * - A set of named signing keys, which are used to sign collections of values and session
+ *   transcripts.
+ *
+ * Cryptographic notation:
+ *
+ * Throughout this HAL, cryptographic operations are specified in detail.  To avoid repeating the
+ * definition of the notation, it's specified here.  It is assumed that the reader is familiar with
+ * standard cryptographic algorithms and constructs.
+ *
+ *     AES-GCM-ENC(K, N, D, A) represents AES-GCM encryption with key 'K', nonce 'N', additional
+ *         authenticated data 'A' and data 'D'.  The nonce is usually specified as 'R', meaning 12
+ *         random bytes.  The nonce is always 12 bytes and is prepended to the ciphertext. The GCM
+ *         tag is 16 bytes, appended to the ciphertext.  AES-GCM-DEC with the same argument notation
+ *         represents the corresponding decryption operation.
+ *
+ *    ECDSA(K, D) represents ECDSA signing of data 'D' with key 'K'.
+ *
+ *    || represents concatenation
+ *
+ *    {} represents an empty input; 0 bytes of data.
+ *
+ *    HBK represents a device-unique, hardware-bound AES-128 key which exists only in secure
+ *        hardware, except for "test" credential stores (see createCredential(), below).  For test
+ *        stores, an all-zero value is used in place of the HBK.
+ *
+ * Data encoding notation:
+ *
+ * Various fields need to be encoded as precisely-specified byte arrays.  Where existing standards
+ * define appropriate encodings, those are used.  For example, X.509 certificates.  Where new
+ * encodings are needed, CBOR is used.  CBOR maps are described in CDDL notation
+ * (https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-cbor-cddl-06).
+ */
+interface IIdentityCredentialStore {
+
+    /**
+     * Returns information about hardware.
+     *
+     * The isDirectAccess output parameter indicates whether this credential store
+     * implementation is for direct access. Credentials provisioned in credential
+     * stores with this set to true, should use reader authentication on all data elements.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success, FAILED if an error occurred.
+     *
+     * @return credentialStoreName the name of the credential store implementation.
+     *
+     * @return credentialStoreAuthorName the name of the credential store author.
+     *
+     * @return dataChunkSize the maximum size of data chunks.
+     *
+     * @return isDirectAccess whether the provisioned credential is available through
+     *     direct access.
+     *
+     * @return supportedDocTypes if empty, then any document type is supported, otherwise
+     *     only the document types returned are supported.
+     */
+    getHardwareInformation()
+        generates(Result result,
+                  string credentialStoreName,
+                  string credentialStoreAuthorName,
+                  uint32_t dataChunkSize,
+                  bool isDirectAccess,
+                  vec<string> supportedDocTypes);
+
+    /**
+     * createCredential creates a new Credential.  When a Credential is created, two cryptographic
+     * keys are created: StorageKey, an AES key used to secure the externalized Credential
+     * contents, and CredentialKeyPair, an EC key pair used to authenticate the store to the IA.  In
+     * addition, all of the Credential data content is imported and a certificate for the
+     * CredentialKeyPair and a signature produced with the CredentialKeyPair are created.  These
+     * latter values may be checked by an issuing authority to verify that the data was imported
+     * into secure hardware and that it was imported unmodified.
+     *
+     * @param docType is an optional name (may be an empty string) that identifies the type of
+     *     credential being created, e.g. "org.iso.18013-5.2019.mdl" (the doc type of the ISO
+     *     driving license standard).
+     *
+     * @param testCredential indicates if this is a test store.  Test credentials must use an
+     *     all-zeros hardware-bound key (HBK) and must set the test bit in the
+     *     personalizationReceipt (see finishAddingEntries(), in IWritableIdentityCredential).
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success, FAILED if an error occurred.
+     *
+     * @return writableCredential is an IWritableIdentityCredential HIDL interface that provides
+     *     operations to provision a credential.
+     */
+    createCredential(string docType, bool testCredential)
+        generates(Result result, IWritableIdentityCredential writableCredential);
+
+    /**
+     * getCredential retrieves an IIdentityCredential HIDL interface which allows use of a stored
+     * Credential.
+     *
+     * The cipher suite used to communicate with the remote verifier must also be specified. Currently
+     * only a single cipher-suite is supported and the details of this are as follow:
+     *
+     *  - ECDHE with HKDF-SHA-256 for key agreement.
+     *  - AES-256 with GCM block mode for authenticated encryption (nonces are incremented by one
+     *    for every message).
+     *  - ECDSA with SHA-256 for signing (used for signing session transcripts to defeat
+     *    man-in-the-middle attacks), signing keys are not ephemeral.
+     *
+     * Support for other cipher suites may be added in a future version of this HAL.
+     *
+     * @param credentialData is a CBOR-encoded structure containing metadata about the credential
+     *     and an encrypted byte array that contains data used to secure the credential.  See the
+     *     return argument of the same name in finishAddingEntries(), in IWritableIdentityCredential.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success or INVALID_DATA if the passed in credentialData
+     *     cannot be decoded or decrypted.
+     *
+     * @return credential is an IIdentityCredential HIDL interface that provides operations on the
+     *     Credential.
+     */
+    getCredential(vec<uint8_t> credentialData)
+        generates (Result result, IIdentityCredential credential);
+};
diff --git a/identity/1.0/IWritableIdentityCredential.hal b/identity/1.0/IWritableIdentityCredential.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f26f763
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/IWritableIdentityCredential.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.identity@1.0;
+
+/**
+ * IWritableIdentityCredential is used to personalize a new identity credential.  Credentials cannot
+ * be updated or modified after creation; any changes require deletion and re-creation.
+ */
+interface IWritableIdentityCredential {
+    /**
+     * Gets the certificate chain for credentialKey which can be used to prove the hardware
+     * characteristics to an issuing authority.  Must not be called more than once.
+     *
+     * The certificate chain must be generated using Keymaster Attestation
+     * (see https://source.android.com/security/keystore/attestation) with the
+     * following additional requirements:
+     *
+     *  - The attestationVersion field in the attestation extension must be at least 3.
+     *
+     *  - The attestationSecurityLevel field must be set to either Software (0),
+     *    TrustedEnvironment (1), or StrongBox (2) depending on how attestation is
+     *    implemented. Only the default AOSP implementation of this HAL may use
+     *    value 0 (additionally, this implementation must not be used on production
+     *    devices).
+     *
+     *  - The keymasterVersion field in the attestation extension must be set to (10*major + minor)
+     *    where major and minor are the Identity Credential interface major and minor versions.
+     *    Specifically for this version of the interface (1.0) this value is 10.
+     *
+     *  - The keymasterSecurityLevel field in the attestation extension must be set to
+     *    either Software (0), TrustedEnvironment (1), or StrongBox (2) depending on how
+     *    the Trusted Application backing the HAL implementation is implemented. Only
+     *    the default AOSP implementation of this HAL may use value 0 (additionally, this
+     *    implementation must not be used on production devices)
+     *
+     *  - The attestationChallenge field must be set to the passed-in challenge.
+     *
+     *  - The uniqueId field must be empty.
+     *
+     *  - The softwareEnforced field in the attestation extension must include
+     *    Tag::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID which must be set to the bytes of the passed-in
+     *    attestationApplicationId.
+     *
+     *  - The teeEnforced field in the attestation extension must include
+     *    Tag::IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_KEY. This tag indicates that the key is an Identity
+     *    Credential key (which can only sign/MAC very specific messages) and not an Android
+     *    Keystore key (which can be used to sign/MAC anything).
+     *
+     * Additional authorizations may be needed in the softwareEnforced and teeEnforced
+     * fields - the above is not an exhaustive list.
+     *
+     * @param attestationApplicationId is the DER encoded value to be stored
+     *     in Tag::ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID. This schema is described in
+     *     https://developer.android.com/training/articles/security-key-attestation#certificate_schema_attestationid
+     *
+     * @param attestationChallenge a challenge set by the issuer to ensure freshness.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success, FAILED if an error occurred.
+     *
+     * @return certificateChain is the X.509 certificate chain for the credentialKey
+     */
+    getAttestationCertificate(vec<uint8_t> attestationApplicationId,
+                              vec<uint8_t> attestationChallenge)
+        generates(Result result, vec<vec<uint8_t>> certificateChain);
+
+    /**
+     * Start the personalization process.
+     *
+     * startPersonalization must not be called more than once.
+     *
+     * @param accessControlProfileCount specifies the number of access control profiles that will be
+     *     provisioned with addAccessControlProfile().
+     *
+     * @param entryCounts specifies the number of data entries that will be provisioned with
+     *     beginAddEntry() and addEntry(). Each item in the array specifies how many entries
+     *     will be added for each name space.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success, FAILED if an error occurred.
+     *
+     */
+    startPersonalization(uint16_t accessControlProfileCount, vec<uint16_t> entryCounts)
+        generates(Result result);
+
+    /**
+     * Add an access control profile, which defines the requirements or retrieval of one or more
+     * entries.  If both readerCertificate and userAuthenticationRequired are empty/false,
+     * associated entries are open access, requiring no authentication to read (though the caller
+     * is free to require other authentication above this HAL).
+     *
+     * This method must be called exactly as many times as specified in the startPersonalization()
+     * accessControlProfileCount parameter. If this is requirement is not met, the method fails
+     * with INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param id a numeric identifier that must be unique within the context of a Credential and may
+     *     be used to reference the profile. If this is not satisfied the call fails with
+     *     INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param readerCertificate if non-empty, specifies a X.509 certificate (or chain of certificates)
+     *     that must be used to authenticate requests (see the readerSignature parameter in
+     *     IIdentityCredential.startRetrieval).
+     *
+     * @param userAuthenticationRequired if true, specifies that the user is required to
+     *     authenticate to allow requests.  Required authentication freshness is specified by
+     *     timeout below.
+     *
+     * @param timeoutMillis specifies the amount of time, in milliseconds, for which a user
+     *     authentication (see userAuthenticationRequired above) is valid, if
+     *     userAuthenticationRequired is true. If the timout is zero then authentication is
+     *     required for each reader session. If userAuthenticationRequired is false, the timeout
+     *     must be zero. If this requirement is not met the call fails with INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param secureUserId must be non-zero if userAuthenticationRequired is true. It is not
+     *     related to any Android user ID or UID, but is created in the Gatekeeper application
+     *     in the secure environment. If this requirement is not met the call fails with
+     *     INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success, INVALID_DATA or FAILED if an error occurred.
+     *
+     * @return secureAccessControlProfile is a structure with the passed-in data and MAC created
+     *     with storageKey for authenticating the data at a later point in time.
+     */
+    addAccessControlProfile(uint16_t id, vec<uint8_t> readerCertificate,
+                            bool userAuthenticationRequired, uint64_t timeoutMillis,
+                            uint64_t secureUserId)
+        generates(Result result, SecureAccessControlProfile secureAccessControlProfile);
+
+    /**
+     * Begins the process of adding an entry to the credential.  All access control profiles must be
+     * added before calling this method.  Entries must be added in namespace "groups", meaning all
+     * entries of one namespace must be added before adding entries from another namespace.
+     *
+     * This method must be called exactly as many times as the sum of the items in the entryCounts
+     * parameter specified in the startPersonalization(), and must be followed by one or more calls
+     * to addEntryValue(). If this requirement is not met the method fails with INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param accessControlProfileIds specifies the set of access control profiles that can
+     *     authorize access to the provisioned element.
+     *
+     * @param nameSpace is the namespace of the element, e.g. "org.iso.18013"
+     *
+     * @param name is the name of the element.
+     *
+     * @param entrySize is the size of the entry value. If this requirement
+     *     is not met this method fails with INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success, INVALID_DATA or FAILED if an error occurred.
+     */
+    beginAddEntry(vec<uint16_t> accessControlProfileIds, string nameSpace,
+                  string name, uint32_t entrySize)
+        generates(Result result);
+
+    /**
+     * Continues the process of adding an entry, providing a value or part of a value.
+     *
+     * In the common case, this method will be called only once per entry added.  In the case of
+     * values that are larger than the secure environment's GCM chunk size
+     * (see IIdentityCredentialStore.getHardwareInformation()), the caller must provide the
+     * value in chunks.  All chunks must be exactly gcmChunkSize except the last and the sum of all
+     * chunk sizes must equal the value of the beginAddEntry() entrySize argument. If this
+     * requirement is not met the call fails with INVALID_DATA.
+     *
+     * @param content is the entry value, encoded as CBOR. In the case the content exceeds gcmChunkSize,
+     *     this may be partial content up to gcmChunkSize bytes long.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success, INVALID_DATA or FAILED if an error occurred.
+     *
+     * @return encryptedContent contains the encrypted and MACed content.  For directly-available
+     *     credentials the contents are implementation-defined but must not exceed 32 bytes in
+     *     length.
+     *
+     *     For other credentials, encryptedContent contains:
+     *
+     *         AES-GCM-ENC(storageKey, R, Data, AdditionalData)
+     *
+     *     where:
+     *
+     *         Data = any   ; value
+     *
+     *         AdditionalData = {
+     *             "Namespace" : tstr,
+     *             "Name" : tstr,
+     *             "AccessControlProfileIds" : [ + uint ],
+     *         }
+     */
+    addEntryValue(vec<uint8_t> content)
+        generates(Result result, vec<uint8_t> encryptedContent);
+
+    /**
+     * Finishes adding entries and returns a signature that an issuing authority may use to validate
+     * that all data was provisioned correctly.
+     *
+     * After this method is called, the IWritableIdentityCredential is no longer usable.
+     *
+     * @return result is OK on success or FAILED if an error occurred.
+     *
+     * @return credentialData is a CBOR-encoded structure (in CDDL notation):
+     *
+     *         CredentialData = [
+     *              tstr,   ; docType, an optional name that identifies the type of credential
+     *              bool,   ; testCredential, indicates if this is a test credential
+     *              bstr    ; an opaque byte vector with encrypted data, see below
+     *         ]
+     *
+     *     The last element is an opaque byte vector which contains encrypted copies of the
+     *     secrets used to secure the new credential's data and to authenticate the credential to
+     *     the issuing authority.  It contains:
+     *
+     *         AES-GCM-ENC(HBK, R, CredentialKeys, docType)
+     *
+     *     where HBK is a unique hardware-bound key that has never existed outside of the secure
+     *     environment (except it's all zeroes if testCredential is True) and CredentialKeys is
+     *     the CBOR-encoded structure (in CDDL notation):
+     *
+     *         CredentialKeys = [
+     *              bstr,   ; storageKey, a 128-bit AES key
+     *              bstr    ; credentialPrivKey, the private key for credentialKey
+     *         ]
+     *
+     * @return proofOfProvisioningSignature proves to the IA that the credential was imported into the
+     *     secure hardware without alteration or error.  When the final addEntry() call is made
+     *     (when the number of provisioned entries equals the sum of the items in
+     *     startPersonalization() entryCounts parameter), it a COSE_Sign1 structure
+     *     signed by CredentialKey with payload set to the ProofOfProvisioning CBOR below:
+     *
+     *          ProofOfProvisioning = [
+     *              "ProofOfProvisioning",
+     *              tstr,                         ; DocType
+     *              [ * AccessControlProfile ],
+     *              ProvisionedData,
+     *              bool                          ; true if this is a test credential, should
+     *                                            ; always be false.
+     *          ]
+     *
+     *          AccessControlProfile = {
+     *              "id" : uint,
+     *              ? "readerCertificate" : bstr,
+     *              ? (
+     *                  "userAuthenticationRequired" : bool,
+     *                  "timeoutMillis" : uint,
+     *              )
+     *          }
+     *
+     *          ProvisionedData = {
+     *              * Namespace => [ + Entry ]
+     *          },
+     *
+     *          Namespace = tstr
+     *
+     *          Entry = {
+     *              "name" : tstr,
+     *              "value" : any,
+     *              "accessControlProfiles" : [ * uint ],
+     *          }
+     */
+    finishAddingEntries()
+        generates(Result result, vec<uint8_t> credentialData,
+                  vec<uint8_t> proofOfProvisioningSignature);
+};
diff --git a/identity/1.0/default/Android.bp b/identity/1.0/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2b2966
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.identity@1.0-service.example",
+    init_rc: ["android.hardware.identity@1.0-service.example.rc"],
+    vendor: true,
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Wextra",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "service.cpp",
+        "IdentityCredential.cpp",
+        "IdentityCredentialStore.cpp",
+        "WritableIdentityCredential.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.identity@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.identity-support-lib",
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
+        "libcppbor",
+        "libcrypto",
+        "libbase",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "liblog",
+        "libutils",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/identity/1.0/default/IdentityCredential.cpp b/identity/1.0/default/IdentityCredential.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b0a5e56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/default/IdentityCredential.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,773 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "IdentityCredential"
+
+#include "IdentityCredential.h"
+#include "IdentityCredentialStore.h"
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <cppbor.h>
+#include <cppbor_parse.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+namespace implementation {
+
+using ::android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::Timestamp;
+using ::std::optional;
+
+Return<void> IdentityCredential::deleteCredential(deleteCredential_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    cppbor::Array array = {"ProofOfDeletion", docType_, testCredential_};
+    vector<uint8_t> proofOfDeletion = array.encode();
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> proofOfDeletionSignature =
+            support::coseSignEcDsa(credentialPrivKey_,
+                                   proofOfDeletion,  // payload
+                                   {},               // additionalData
+                                   {});              // certificateChain
+    if (!proofOfDeletionSignature) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error signing data"), {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), proofOfDeletionSignature.value());
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> IdentityCredential::createEphemeralKeyPair(createEphemeralKeyPair_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    if (!keyPair) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error creating ephemeral key pair"), {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    // Stash public key of this key-pair for later check in startRetrieval().
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> publicKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    if (!publicKey) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED,
+                                 "Error getting public part of ephemeral key pair"),
+                 {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+    ephemeralPublicKey_ = publicKey.value();
+
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), keyPair.value());
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> IdentityCredential::setReaderEphemeralPublicKey(
+        const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& publicKey, setReaderEphemeralPublicKey_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    readerPublicKey_ = publicKey;
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK());
+    return Void();
+}
+
+ResultCode IdentityCredential::initialize() {
+    auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(credentialData_);
+    if (item == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "CredentialData is not valid CBOR: " << message;
+        return ResultCode::INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+
+    const cppbor::Array* arrayItem = item->asArray();
+    if (arrayItem == nullptr || arrayItem->size() != 3) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "CredentialData is not an array with three elements";
+        return ResultCode::INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+
+    const cppbor::Tstr* docTypeItem = (*arrayItem)[0]->asTstr();
+    const cppbor::Bool* testCredentialItem =
+            ((*arrayItem)[1]->asSimple() != nullptr ? ((*arrayItem)[1]->asSimple()->asBool())
+                                                    : nullptr);
+    const cppbor::Bstr* encryptedCredentialKeysItem = (*arrayItem)[2]->asBstr();
+    if (docTypeItem == nullptr || testCredentialItem == nullptr ||
+        encryptedCredentialKeysItem == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "CredentialData unexpected item types";
+        return ResultCode::INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+
+    docType_ = docTypeItem->value();
+    testCredential_ = testCredentialItem->value();
+
+    vector<uint8_t> hardwareBoundKey;
+    if (testCredential_) {
+        hardwareBoundKey = support::getTestHardwareBoundKey();
+    } else {
+        hardwareBoundKey = support::getHardwareBoundKey();
+    }
+
+    const vector<uint8_t>& encryptedCredentialKeys = encryptedCredentialKeysItem->value();
+    const vector<uint8_t> docTypeVec(docType_.begin(), docType_.end());
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> decryptedCredentialKeys =
+            support::decryptAes128Gcm(hardwareBoundKey, encryptedCredentialKeys, docTypeVec);
+    if (!decryptedCredentialKeys) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error decrypting CredentialKeys";
+        return ResultCode::INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+
+    auto [dckItem, dckPos, dckMessage] = cppbor::parse(decryptedCredentialKeys.value());
+    if (dckItem == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Decrypted CredentialKeys is not valid CBOR: " << dckMessage;
+        return ResultCode::INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+    const cppbor::Array* dckArrayItem = dckItem->asArray();
+    if (dckArrayItem == nullptr || dckArrayItem->size() != 2) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Decrypted CredentialKeys is not an array with two elements";
+        return ResultCode::INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+    const cppbor::Bstr* storageKeyItem = (*dckArrayItem)[0]->asBstr();
+    const cppbor::Bstr* credentialPrivKeyItem = (*dckArrayItem)[1]->asBstr();
+    if (storageKeyItem == nullptr || credentialPrivKeyItem == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "CredentialKeys unexpected item types";
+        return ResultCode::INVALID_DATA;
+    }
+    storageKey_ = storageKeyItem->value();
+    credentialPrivKey_ = credentialPrivKeyItem->value();
+
+    return ResultCode::OK;
+}
+
+Return<void> IdentityCredential::createAuthChallenge(createAuthChallenge_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    uint64_t challenge = 0;
+    while (challenge == 0) {
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> bytes = support::getRandom(8);
+        if (!bytes) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error getting random data for challenge"),
+                     0);
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        challenge = 0;
+        for (size_t n = 0; n < bytes.value().size(); n++) {
+            challenge |= ((bytes.value())[n] << (n * 8));
+        }
+    }
+
+    authChallenge_ = challenge;
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), challenge);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+// TODO: this could be a lot faster if we did all the splitting and pubkey extraction
+// ahead of time.
+bool checkReaderAuthentication(const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile,
+                               const vector<uint8_t>& readerCertificateChain) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> acpPubKey =
+            support::certificateChainGetTopMostKey(profile.readerCertificate);
+    if (!acpPubKey) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error extracting public key from readerCertificate in profile";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> certificatesInChain =
+            support::certificateChainSplit(readerCertificateChain);
+    if (!certificatesInChain) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error splitting readerCertificateChain";
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (const vector<uint8_t>& certInChain : certificatesInChain.value()) {
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> certPubKey = support::certificateChainGetTopMostKey(certInChain);
+        if (!certPubKey) {
+            LOG(ERROR)
+                    << "Error extracting public key from certificate in chain presented by reader";
+            return false;
+        }
+        if (acpPubKey.value() == certPubKey.value()) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+Timestamp clockGetTime() {
+    struct timespec time;
+    clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &time);
+    return time.tv_sec * 1000 + time.tv_nsec / 1000000;
+}
+
+bool checkUserAuthentication(const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile,
+                             const HardwareAuthToken& authToken, uint64_t authChallenge) {
+    if (profile.secureUserId != authToken.userId) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "secureUserId in profile (" << profile.secureUserId
+                   << ") differs from userId in authToken (" << authToken.userId << ")";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (profile.timeoutMillis == 0) {
+        if (authToken.challenge == 0) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "No challenge in authToken";
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        if (authToken.challenge != authChallenge) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Challenge in authToken doesn't match the challenge we created";
+            return false;
+        }
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    // Note that the Epoch for timestamps in HardwareAuthToken is at the
+    // discretion of the vendor:
+    //
+    //   "[...] since some starting point (generally the most recent device
+    //    boot) which all of the applications within one secure environment
+    //    must agree upon."
+    //
+    // Therefore, if this software implementation is used on a device which isn't
+    // the emulator then the assumption that the epoch is the same as used in
+    // clockGetTime above will not hold. This is OK as this software
+    // implementation should never be used on a real device.
+    //
+    Timestamp now = clockGetTime();
+    if (authToken.timestamp > now) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Timestamp in authToken (" << authToken.timestamp
+                   << ") is in the future (now: " << now << ")";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (now > authToken.timestamp + profile.timeoutMillis) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Deadline for authToken (" << authToken.timestamp << " + "
+                   << profile.timeoutMillis << " = "
+                   << (authToken.timestamp + profile.timeoutMillis)
+                   << ") is in the past (now: " << now << ")";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+Return<void> IdentityCredential::startRetrieval(
+        const hidl_vec<SecureAccessControlProfile>& accessControlProfiles,
+        const HardwareAuthToken& authToken, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& itemsRequest,
+        const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& sessionTranscript, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& readerSignature,
+        const hidl_vec<uint16_t>& requestCounts, startRetrieval_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    if (sessionTranscript.size() > 0) {
+        auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(sessionTranscript);
+        if (item == nullptr) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                     "SessionTranscript contains invalid CBOR"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+        sessionTranscriptItem_ = std::move(item);
+    }
+    if (numStartRetrievalCalls_ > 0) {
+        if (sessionTranscript_ != vector<uint8_t>(sessionTranscript)) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(
+                    ResultCode::SESSION_TRANSCRIPT_MISMATCH,
+                    "Passed-in SessionTranscript doesn't match previously used SessionTranscript"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+    }
+    sessionTranscript_ = sessionTranscript;
+
+    // If there is a signature, validate that it was made with the top-most key in the
+    // certificate chain embedded in the COSE_Sign1 structure.
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerCertificateChain;
+    if (readerSignature.size() > 0) {
+        readerCertificateChain = support::coseSignGetX5Chain(readerSignature);
+        if (!readerCertificateChain) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::READER_SIGNATURE_CHECK_FAILED,
+                                     "Unable to get reader certificate chain from COSE_Sign1"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        if (!support::certificateChainValidate(readerCertificateChain.value())) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::READER_SIGNATURE_CHECK_FAILED,
+                                     "Error validating reader certificate chain"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerPublicKey =
+                support::certificateChainGetTopMostKey(readerCertificateChain.value());
+        if (!readerPublicKey) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::READER_SIGNATURE_CHECK_FAILED,
+                                     "Unable to get public key from reader certificate chain"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        const vector<uint8_t>& itemsRequestBytes = itemsRequest;
+        vector<uint8_t> dataThatWasSigned = cppbor::Array()
+                                                    .add("ReaderAuthentication")
+                                                    .add(sessionTranscriptItem_->clone())
+                                                    .add(cppbor::Semantic(24, itemsRequestBytes))
+                                                    .encode();
+        if (!support::coseCheckEcDsaSignature(readerSignature,
+                                              dataThatWasSigned,  // detached content
+                                              readerPublicKey.value())) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::READER_SIGNATURE_CHECK_FAILED,
+                                     "readerSignature check failed"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Here's where we would validate the passed-in |authToken| to assure ourselves
+    // that it comes from the e.g. biometric hardware and wasn't made up by an attacker.
+    //
+    // However this involves calculating the MAC. However this requires access
+    // to the key needed to a pre-shared key which we don't have...
+    //
+
+    // To prevent replay-attacks, we check that the public part of the ephemeral
+    // key we previously created, is present in the DeviceEngagement part of
+    // SessionTranscript as a COSE_Key, in uncompressed form.
+    //
+    // We do this by just searching for the X and Y coordinates.
+    if (sessionTranscript.size() > 0) {
+        const cppbor::Array* array = sessionTranscriptItem_->asArray();
+        if (array == nullptr || array->size() != 2) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                                     "SessionTranscript is not an array with two items"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+        const cppbor::Semantic* taggedEncodedDE = (*array)[0]->asSemantic();
+        if (taggedEncodedDE == nullptr || taggedEncodedDE->value() != 24) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                                     "First item in SessionTranscript array is not a "
+                                     "semantic with value 24"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+        const cppbor::Bstr* encodedDE = (taggedEncodedDE->child())->asBstr();
+        if (encodedDE == nullptr) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                                     "Child of semantic in first item in SessionTranscript "
+                                     "array is not a bstr"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+        const vector<uint8_t>& bytesDE = encodedDE->value();
+
+        auto [getXYSuccess, ePubX, ePubY] = support::ecPublicKeyGetXandY(ephemeralPublicKey_);
+        if (!getXYSuccess) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                                     "Error extracting X and Y from ePub"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+        if (sessionTranscript.size() > 0 &&
+            !(memmem(bytesDE.data(), bytesDE.size(), ePubX.data(), ePubX.size()) != nullptr &&
+              memmem(bytesDE.data(), bytesDE.size(), ePubY.data(), ePubY.size()) != nullptr)) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND,
+                                     "Did not find ephemeral public key's X and Y coordinates in "
+                                     "SessionTranscript (make sure leading zeroes are not used)"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // itemsRequest: If non-empty, contains request data that may be signed by the
+    // reader.  The content can be defined in the way appropriate for the
+    // credential, but there are three requirements that must be met to work with
+    // this HAL:
+    if (itemsRequest.size() > 0) {
+        // 1. The content must be a CBOR-encoded structure.
+        auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(itemsRequest);
+        if (item == nullptr) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                                     "Error decoding CBOR in itemsRequest: %s", message.c_str()));
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        // 2. The CBOR structure must be a map.
+        const cppbor::Map* map = item->asMap();
+        if (map == nullptr) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                                     "itemsRequest is not a CBOR map"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        // 3. The map must contain a key "nameSpaces" whose value contains a map, as described in
+        //    the example below.
+        //
+        //   NameSpaces = {
+        //     + NameSpace => DataElements ; Requested data elements for each NameSpace
+        //   }
+        //
+        //   NameSpace = tstr
+        //
+        //   DataElements = {
+        //     + DataElement => IntentToRetain
+        //   }
+        //
+        //   DataElement = tstr
+        //   IntentToRetain = bool
+        //
+        // Here's an example of an |itemsRequest| CBOR value satisfying above requirements 1.
+        // through 3.:
+        //
+        //    {
+        //        'docType' : 'org.iso.18013-5.2019',
+        //        'nameSpaces' : {
+        //            'org.iso.18013-5.2019' : {
+        //                'Last name' : false,
+        //                'Birth date' : false,
+        //                'First name' : false,
+        //                'Home address' : true
+        //            },
+        //            'org.aamva.iso.18013-5.2019' : {
+        //                'Real Id' : false
+        //            }
+        //        }
+        //    }
+        //
+        const cppbor::Map* nsMap = nullptr;
+        for (size_t n = 0; n < map->size(); n++) {
+            const auto& [keyItem, valueItem] = (*map)[n];
+            if (keyItem->type() == cppbor::TSTR && keyItem->asTstr()->value() == "nameSpaces" &&
+                valueItem->type() == cppbor::MAP) {
+                nsMap = valueItem->asMap();
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if (nsMap == nullptr) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                                     "No nameSpaces map in top-most map"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        for (size_t n = 0; n < nsMap->size(); n++) {
+            auto [nsKeyItem, nsValueItem] = (*nsMap)[n];
+            const cppbor::Tstr* nsKey = nsKeyItem->asTstr();
+            const cppbor::Map* nsInnerMap = nsValueItem->asMap();
+            if (nsKey == nullptr || nsInnerMap == nullptr) {
+                _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                                         "Type mismatch in nameSpaces map"));
+                return Void();
+            }
+            string requestedNamespace = nsKey->value();
+            vector<string> requestedKeys;
+            for (size_t m = 0; m < nsInnerMap->size(); m++) {
+                const auto& [innerMapKeyItem, innerMapValueItem] = (*nsInnerMap)[m];
+                const cppbor::Tstr* nameItem = innerMapKeyItem->asTstr();
+                const cppbor::Simple* simple = innerMapValueItem->asSimple();
+                const cppbor::Bool* intentToRetainItem =
+                        (simple != nullptr) ? simple->asBool() : nullptr;
+                if (nameItem == nullptr || intentToRetainItem == nullptr) {
+                    _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                                             "Type mismatch in value in nameSpaces map"));
+                    return Void();
+                }
+                requestedKeys.push_back(nameItem->value());
+            }
+            requestedNameSpacesAndNames_[requestedNamespace] = requestedKeys;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Finally, validate all the access control profiles in the requestData.
+    bool haveAuthToken = (authToken.mac.size() > 0);
+    for (const auto& profile : accessControlProfiles) {
+        if (!support::secureAccessControlProfileCheckMac(profile, storageKey_)) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                     "Error checking MAC for profile with id %d", int(profile.id)));
+            return Void();
+        }
+        ResultCode accessControlCheck = ResultCode::OK;
+        if (profile.userAuthenticationRequired) {
+            if (!haveAuthToken || !checkUserAuthentication(profile, authToken, authChallenge_)) {
+                accessControlCheck = ResultCode::USER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED;
+            }
+        } else if (profile.readerCertificate.size() > 0) {
+            if (!readerCertificateChain ||
+                !checkReaderAuthentication(profile, readerCertificateChain.value())) {
+                accessControlCheck = ResultCode::READER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED;
+            }
+        }
+        profileIdToAccessCheckResult_[profile.id] = accessControlCheck;
+    }
+
+    deviceNameSpacesMap_ = cppbor::Map();
+    currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_ = cppbor::Map();
+
+    requestCountsRemaining_ = requestCounts;
+    currentNameSpace_ = "";
+
+    itemsRequest_ = itemsRequest;
+
+    numStartRetrievalCalls_ += 1;
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK());
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> IdentityCredential::startRetrieveEntryValue(
+        const hidl_string& nameSpace, const hidl_string& name, uint32_t entrySize,
+        const hidl_vec<uint16_t>& accessControlProfileIds, startRetrieveEntryValue_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    if (name.empty()) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA, "Name cannot be empty"));
+        return Void();
+    }
+    if (nameSpace.empty()) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA, "Name space cannot be empty"));
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    if (requestCountsRemaining_.size() == 0) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                 "No more name spaces left to go through"));
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    if (currentNameSpace_ == "") {
+        // First call.
+        currentNameSpace_ = nameSpace;
+    }
+
+    if (nameSpace == currentNameSpace_) {
+        // Same namespace.
+        if (requestCountsRemaining_[0] == 0) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                     "No more entries to be retrieved in current name space"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+        requestCountsRemaining_[0] -= 1;
+    } else {
+        // New namespace.
+        if (requestCountsRemaining_[0] != 0) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                     "Moved to new name space but %d entries need to be retrieved "
+                                     "in current name space",
+                                     int(requestCountsRemaining_[0])));
+            return Void();
+        }
+        if (currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_.size() > 0) {
+            deviceNameSpacesMap_.add(currentNameSpace_,
+                                     std::move(currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_));
+        }
+        currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_ = cppbor::Map();
+
+        requestCountsRemaining_.erase(requestCountsRemaining_.begin());
+        currentNameSpace_ = nameSpace;
+    }
+
+    // It's permissible to have an empty itemsRequest... but if non-empty you can
+    // only request what was specified in said itemsRequest. Enforce that.
+    if (itemsRequest_.size() > 0) {
+        const auto& it = requestedNameSpacesAndNames_.find(nameSpace);
+        if (it == requestedNameSpacesAndNames_.end()) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::NOT_IN_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                                     "Name space '%s' was not requested in startRetrieval",
+                                     nameSpace.c_str()));
+            return Void();
+        }
+        const auto& dataItemNames = it->second;
+        if (std::find(dataItemNames.begin(), dataItemNames.end(), name) == dataItemNames.end()) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(
+                    ResultCode::NOT_IN_REQUEST_MESSAGE,
+                    "Data item name '%s' in name space '%s' was not requested in startRetrieval",
+                    name.c_str(), nameSpace.c_str()));
+            return Void();
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Enforce access control.
+    //
+    // Access is granted if at least one of the profiles grants access.
+    //
+    // If an item is configured without any profiles, access is denied.
+    //
+    ResultCode accessControl = ResultCode::NO_ACCESS_CONTROL_PROFILES;
+    for (auto id : accessControlProfileIds) {
+        auto search = profileIdToAccessCheckResult_.find(id);
+        if (search == profileIdToAccessCheckResult_.end()) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                     "Requested entry with unvalidated profile id %d", (int(id))));
+            return Void();
+        }
+        ResultCode accessControlForProfile = search->second;
+        if (accessControlForProfile == ResultCode::OK) {
+            accessControl = ResultCode::OK;
+            break;
+        }
+        accessControl = accessControlForProfile;
+    }
+    if (accessControl != ResultCode::OK) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(accessControl, "Access control check failed"));
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    entryAdditionalData_ =
+            support::entryCreateAdditionalData(nameSpace, name, accessControlProfileIds);
+
+    currentName_ = name;
+    entryRemainingBytes_ = entrySize;
+    entryValue_.resize(0);
+
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK());
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> IdentityCredential::retrieveEntryValue(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& encryptedContent,
+                                                    retrieveEntryValue_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> content =
+            support::decryptAes128Gcm(storageKey_, encryptedContent, entryAdditionalData_);
+    if (!content) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA, "Error decrypting data"), {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    size_t chunkSize = content.value().size();
+
+    if (chunkSize > entryRemainingBytes_) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Retrieved chunk of size " << chunkSize
+                   << " is bigger than remaining space of size " << entryRemainingBytes_;
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                 "Retrieved chunk of size %zd is bigger than remaining space "
+                                 "of size %zd",
+                                 chunkSize, entryRemainingBytes_),
+                 {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    entryRemainingBytes_ -= chunkSize;
+    if (entryRemainingBytes_ > 0) {
+        if (chunkSize != IdentityCredentialStore::kGcmChunkSize) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                     "Retrieved non-final chunk of size %zd but expected "
+                                     "kGcmChunkSize which is %zd",
+                                     chunkSize, IdentityCredentialStore::kGcmChunkSize),
+                     {});
+            return Void();
+        }
+    }
+
+    entryValue_.insert(entryValue_.end(), content.value().begin(), content.value().end());
+
+    if (entryRemainingBytes_ == 0) {
+        auto [entryValueItem, _, message] = cppbor::parse(entryValue_);
+        if (entryValueItem == nullptr) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA, "Retrieved data invalid CBOR"), {});
+            return Void();
+        }
+        currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_.add(currentName_, std::move(entryValueItem));
+    }
+
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), content.value());
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> IdentityCredential::finishRetrieval(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& signingKeyBlob,
+                                                 finishRetrieval_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    if (currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_.size() > 0) {
+        deviceNameSpacesMap_.add(currentNameSpace_,
+                                 std::move(currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_));
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> encodedDeviceNameSpaces = deviceNameSpacesMap_.encode();
+
+    // If there's no signing key or no sessionTranscript or no reader ephemeral
+    // public key, we return the empty MAC.
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> mac;
+    if (signingKeyBlob.size() > 0 && sessionTranscript_.size() > 0 && readerPublicKey_.size() > 0) {
+        cppbor::Array array;
+        array.add("DeviceAuthentication");
+        array.add(sessionTranscriptItem_->clone());
+        array.add(docType_);
+        array.add(cppbor::Semantic(24, encodedDeviceNameSpaces));
+        vector<uint8_t> encodedDeviceAuthentication = array.encode();
+
+        vector<uint8_t> docTypeAsBlob(docType_.begin(), docType_.end());
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> signingKey =
+                support::decryptAes128Gcm(storageKey_, signingKeyBlob, docTypeAsBlob);
+        if (!signingKey) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA, "Error decrypting signingKeyBlob"),
+                     {}, {});
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> sharedSecret =
+                support::ecdh(readerPublicKey_, signingKey.value());
+        if (!sharedSecret) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error doing ECDH"), {}, {});
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        vector<uint8_t> salt = {0x00};
+        vector<uint8_t> info = {};
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> derivedKey = support::hkdf(sharedSecret.value(), salt, info, 32);
+        if (!derivedKey) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error deriving key from shared secret"),
+                     {}, {});
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        mac = support::coseMac0(derivedKey.value(), {},        // payload
+                                encodedDeviceAuthentication);  // additionalData
+        if (!mac) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error MACing data"), {}, {});
+            return Void();
+        }
+    }
+
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), mac.value_or(vector<uint8_t>({})), encodedDeviceNameSpaces);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> IdentityCredential::generateSigningKeyPair(generateSigningKeyPair_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    string serialDecimal = "0";  // TODO: set serial to something unique
+    string issuer = "Android Open Source Project";
+    string subject = "Android IdentityCredential Reference Implementation";
+    time_t validityNotBefore = time(nullptr);
+    time_t validityNotAfter = validityNotBefore + 365 * 24 * 3600;
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signingKeyPKCS8 = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    if (!signingKeyPKCS8) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error creating signingKey"), {}, {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signingPublicKey =
+            support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(signingKeyPKCS8.value());
+    if (!signingPublicKey) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error getting public part of signingKey"), {},
+                 {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signingKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(signingKeyPKCS8.value());
+    if (!signingKey) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error getting private part of signingKey"),
+                 {}, {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> certificate = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+            signingPublicKey.value(), credentialPrivKey_, serialDecimal, issuer, subject,
+            validityNotBefore, validityNotAfter);
+    if (!certificate) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error creating signingKey"), {}, {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> nonce = support::getRandom(12);
+    if (!nonce) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error getting random"), {}, {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> docTypeAsBlob(docType_.begin(), docType_.end());
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> encryptedSigningKey = support::encryptAes128Gcm(
+            storageKey_, nonce.value(), signingKey.value(), docTypeAsBlob);
+    if (!encryptedSigningKey) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error encrypting signingKey"), {}, {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), encryptedSigningKey.value(), certificate.value());
+    return Void();
+}
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/identity/1.0/default/IdentityCredential.h b/identity/1.0/default/IdentityCredential.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb8787b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/default/IdentityCredential.h
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_IDENTITYCREDENTIAL_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_IDENTITYCREDENTIAL_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/1.0/IIdentityCredential.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <map>
+#include <set>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <cppbor/cppbor.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+namespace implementation {
+
+using ::std::map;
+using ::std::string;
+using ::std::vector;
+
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::Void;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::IIdentityCredential;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::Result;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::ResultCode;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::SecureAccessControlProfile;
+using ::android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::HardwareAuthToken;
+
+using MapStringToVectorOfStrings = map<string, vector<string>>;
+
+class IdentityCredential : public IIdentityCredential {
+  public:
+    IdentityCredential(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& credentialData)
+        : credentialData_(credentialData), numStartRetrievalCalls_(0), authChallenge_(0) {}
+
+    // Parses and decrypts credentialData_, return false on failure. Must be
+    // called right after construction.
+    ResultCode initialize();
+
+    // Methods from ::android::hardware::identity::IIdentityCredential follow.
+
+    Return<void> deleteCredential(deleteCredential_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+    Return<void> createEphemeralKeyPair(createEphemeralKeyPair_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
+    Return<void> setReaderEphemeralPublicKey(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& publicKey,
+                                             setReaderEphemeralPublicKey_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
+    Return<void> createAuthChallenge(createAuthChallenge_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
+    Return<void> startRetrieval(const hidl_vec<SecureAccessControlProfile>& accessControlProfiles,
+                                const HardwareAuthToken& authToken,
+                                const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& itemsRequest,
+                                const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& sessionTranscript,
+                                const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& readerSignature,
+                                const hidl_vec<uint16_t>& requestCounts,
+                                startRetrieval_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+    Return<void> startRetrieveEntryValue(const hidl_string& nameSpace, const hidl_string& name,
+                                         uint32_t entrySize,
+                                         const hidl_vec<uint16_t>& accessControlProfileIds,
+                                         startRetrieveEntryValue_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+    Return<void> retrieveEntryValue(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& encryptedContent,
+                                    retrieveEntryValue_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+    Return<void> finishRetrieval(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& signingKeyBlob,
+                                 finishRetrieval_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
+    Return<void> generateSigningKeyPair(generateSigningKeyPair_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
+  private:
+    // Set by constructor
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialData_;
+    int numStartRetrievalCalls_;
+
+    // Set by initialize()
+    string docType_;
+    bool testCredential_;
+    vector<uint8_t> storageKey_;
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialPrivKey_;
+
+    // Set by createEphemeralKeyPair()
+    vector<uint8_t> ephemeralPublicKey_;
+
+    // Set by setReaderEphemeralPublicKey()
+    vector<uint8_t> readerPublicKey_;
+
+    // Set by createAuthChallenge()
+    uint64_t authChallenge_;
+
+    // Set at startRetrieval() time.
+    map<uint16_t, ResultCode> profileIdToAccessCheckResult_;
+    vector<uint8_t> sessionTranscript_;
+    std::unique_ptr<cppbor::Item> sessionTranscriptItem_;
+    vector<uint8_t> itemsRequest_;
+    vector<uint16_t> requestCountsRemaining_;
+    MapStringToVectorOfStrings requestedNameSpacesAndNames_;
+    cppbor::Map deviceNameSpacesMap_;
+    cppbor::Map currentNameSpaceDeviceNameSpacesMap_;
+
+    // Set at startRetrieveEntryValue() time.
+    string currentNameSpace_;
+    string currentName_;
+    size_t entryRemainingBytes_;
+    vector<uint8_t> entryValue_;
+    vector<uint8_t> entryAdditionalData_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_IDENTITYCREDENTIAL_H
diff --git a/identity/1.0/default/IdentityCredentialStore.cpp b/identity/1.0/default/IdentityCredentialStore.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9eb1e70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/default/IdentityCredentialStore.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "IdentityCredentialStore"
+
+#include "IdentityCredentialStore.h"
+#include "IdentityCredential.h"
+#include "WritableIdentityCredential.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+namespace implementation {
+
+// Methods from ::android::hardware::identity::IIdentityCredentialStore follow.
+
+Return<void> IdentityCredentialStore::getHardwareInformation(getHardwareInformation_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), "IdentityCredential Reference Implementation", "Google",
+             kGcmChunkSize, false /* isDirectAccess */, {} /* supportedDocTypes */);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> IdentityCredentialStore::createCredential(const hidl_string& docType,
+                                                       bool testCredential,
+                                                       createCredential_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    auto writable_credential = new WritableIdentityCredential(docType, testCredential);
+    if (!writable_credential->initialize()) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED,
+                                 "Error initializing WritableIdentityCredential"),
+                 writable_credential);
+        return Void();
+    }
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), writable_credential);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> IdentityCredentialStore::getCredential(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& credentialData,
+                                                    getCredential_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    auto credential = new IdentityCredential(credentialData);
+    // We only support CIPHERSUITE_ECDHE_HKDF_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA256 right now.
+    auto ret = credential->initialize();
+    if (ret != ResultCode::OK) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ret, "Error initializing IdentityCredential"), credential);
+        return Void();
+    }
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), credential);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/identity/1.0/default/IdentityCredentialStore.h b/identity/1.0/default/IdentityCredentialStore.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad75360
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/default/IdentityCredentialStore.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_IDENTITYCREDENTIALSTORE_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_IDENTITYCREDENTIALSTORE_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/1.0/IIdentityCredentialStore.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+namespace implementation {
+
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::Void;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::IIdentityCredentialStore;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::Result;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::ResultCode;
+
+class IdentityCredentialStore : public IIdentityCredentialStore {
+  public:
+    IdentityCredentialStore() {}
+
+    // The GCM chunk size used by this implementation is 64 KiB.
+    static constexpr size_t kGcmChunkSize = 64 * 1024;
+
+    // Methods from ::android::hardware::identity::IIdentityCredentialStore follow.
+    Return<void> getHardwareInformation(getHardwareInformation_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+    Return<void> createCredential(const hidl_string& docType, bool testCredential,
+                                  createCredential_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+    Return<void> getCredential(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& credentialData,
+                               getCredential_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_IDENTITYCREDENTIALSTORE_H
diff --git a/identity/1.0/default/OWNERS b/identity/1.0/default/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6969910
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/default/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+swillden@google.com
+zeuthen@google.com
diff --git a/identity/1.0/default/WritableIdentityCredential.cpp b/identity/1.0/default/WritableIdentityCredential.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c39f85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/default/WritableIdentityCredential.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,440 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "WritableIdentityCredential"
+
+#include "WritableIdentityCredential.h"
+#include "IdentityCredentialStore.h"
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <cppbor/cppbor.h>
+#include <cppbor/cppbor_parse.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+namespace implementation {
+
+using ::std::optional;
+
+// Writes CBOR-encoded structure to |credentialKeys| containing |storageKey| and
+// |credentialPrivKey|.
+static bool generateCredentialKeys(const vector<uint8_t>& storageKey,
+                                   const vector<uint8_t>& credentialPrivKey,
+                                   vector<uint8_t>& credentialKeys) {
+    if (storageKey.size() != 16) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Size of storageKey is not 16";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    cppbor::Array array;
+    array.add(cppbor::Bstr(storageKey));
+    array.add(cppbor::Bstr(credentialPrivKey));
+    credentialKeys = array.encode();
+    return true;
+}
+
+// Writes CBOR-encoded structure to |credentialData| containing |docType|,
+// |testCredential| and |credentialKeys|. The latter element will be stored in
+// encrypted form, using |hardwareBoundKey| as the encryption key.
+bool generateCredentialData(const vector<uint8_t>& hardwareBoundKey, const string& docType,
+                            bool testCredential, const vector<uint8_t>& credentialKeys,
+                            vector<uint8_t>& credentialData) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> nonce = support::getRandom(12);
+    if (!nonce) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting random";
+        return false;
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> docTypeAsVec(docType.begin(), docType.end());
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> credentialBlob = support::encryptAes128Gcm(
+            hardwareBoundKey, nonce.value(), credentialKeys, docTypeAsVec);
+    if (!credentialBlob) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error encrypting CredentialKeys blob";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    cppbor::Array array;
+    array.add(docType);
+    array.add(testCredential);
+    array.add(cppbor::Bstr(credentialBlob.value()));
+    credentialData = array.encode();
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool WritableIdentityCredential::initialize() {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    if (!keyPair) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating credentialKey";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    if (!pubKey) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting public part of credentialKey";
+        return false;
+    }
+    credentialPubKey_ = pubKey.value();
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    if (!privKey) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting private part of credentialKey";
+        return false;
+    }
+    credentialPrivKey_ = privKey.value();
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> random = support::getRandom(16);
+    if (!random) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating storageKey";
+        return false;
+    }
+    storageKey_ = random.value();
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+// TODO: use |attestationApplicationId| and |attestationChallenge| and also
+//       ensure the returned certificate chain satisfy the requirements listed in
+//       the docs for IWritableIdentityCredential::getAttestationCertificate()
+//
+Return<void> WritableIdentityCredential::getAttestationCertificate(
+        const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& /* attestationApplicationId */,
+        const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& /* attestationChallenge */,
+        getAttestationCertificate_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    // For now, we dynamically generate an attestion key on each and every
+    // request and use that to sign CredentialKey. In a real implementation this
+    // would look very differently.
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> attestationKeyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    if (!attestationKeyPair) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error creating attestationKey"), {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> attestationPubKey =
+            support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(attestationKeyPair.value());
+    if (!attestationPubKey) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error getting public part of attestationKey"),
+                 {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> attestationPrivKey =
+            support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(attestationKeyPair.value());
+    if (!attestationPrivKey) {
+        _hidl_cb(
+                support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error getting private part of attestationKey"),
+                {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    string serialDecimal;
+    string issuer;
+    string subject;
+    time_t validityNotBefore = time(nullptr);
+    time_t validityNotAfter = validityNotBefore + 365 * 24 * 3600;
+
+    // First create a certificate for |credentialPubKey| which is signed by
+    // |attestationPrivKey|.
+    //
+    serialDecimal = "0";  // TODO: set serial to |attestationChallenge|
+    issuer = "Android Open Source Project";
+    subject = "Android IdentityCredential CredentialKey";
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> credentialPubKeyCertificate = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+            credentialPubKey_, attestationPrivKey.value(), serialDecimal, issuer, subject,
+            validityNotBefore, validityNotAfter);
+    if (!credentialPubKeyCertificate) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED,
+                                 "Error creating certificate for credentialPubKey"),
+                 {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    // This is followed by a certificate for |attestationPubKey| self-signed by
+    // |attestationPrivKey|.
+    serialDecimal = "0";  // TODO: set serial
+    issuer = "Android Open Source Project";
+    subject = "Android IdentityCredential AttestationKey";
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> attestationKeyCertificate = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+            attestationPubKey.value(), attestationPrivKey.value(), serialDecimal, issuer, subject,
+            validityNotBefore, validityNotAfter);
+    if (!attestationKeyCertificate) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED,
+                                 "Error creating certificate for attestationPubKey"),
+                 {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    // Concatenate the certificates to form the chain.
+    vector<uint8_t> certificateChain;
+    certificateChain.insert(certificateChain.end(), credentialPubKeyCertificate.value().begin(),
+                            credentialPubKeyCertificate.value().end());
+    certificateChain.insert(certificateChain.end(), attestationKeyCertificate.value().begin(),
+                            attestationKeyCertificate.value().end());
+
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> splitCertChain =
+            support::certificateChainSplit(certificateChain);
+    if (!splitCertChain) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error splitting certificate chain"), {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+    hidl_vec<hidl_vec<uint8_t>> ret;
+    ret.resize(splitCertChain.value().size());
+    std::copy(splitCertChain.value().begin(), splitCertChain.value().end(), ret.begin());
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), ret);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> WritableIdentityCredential::startPersonalization(uint16_t accessControlProfileCount,
+                                                              const hidl_vec<uint16_t>& entryCounts,
+                                                              startPersonalization_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    numAccessControlProfileRemaining_ = accessControlProfileCount;
+    remainingEntryCounts_ = entryCounts;
+    entryNameSpace_ = "";
+
+    signedDataAccessControlProfiles_ = cppbor::Array();
+    signedDataNamespaces_ = cppbor::Map();
+    signedDataCurrentNamespace_ = cppbor::Array();
+
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK());
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> WritableIdentityCredential::addAccessControlProfile(
+        uint16_t id, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& readerCertificate, bool userAuthenticationRequired,
+        uint64_t timeoutMillis, uint64_t secureUserId, addAccessControlProfile_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    SecureAccessControlProfile profile;
+
+    if (numAccessControlProfileRemaining_ == 0) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                 "numAccessControlProfileRemaining_ is 0 and expected non-zero"),
+                 profile);
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    // Spec requires if |userAuthenticationRequired| is false, then |timeoutMillis| must also
+    // be zero.
+    if (!userAuthenticationRequired && timeoutMillis != 0) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                 "userAuthenticationRequired is false but timeout is non-zero"),
+                 profile);
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    profile.id = id;
+    profile.readerCertificate = readerCertificate;
+    profile.userAuthenticationRequired = userAuthenticationRequired;
+    profile.timeoutMillis = timeoutMillis;
+    profile.secureUserId = secureUserId;
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> mac =
+            support::secureAccessControlProfileCalcMac(profile, storageKey_);
+    if (!mac) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error calculating MAC for profile"), profile);
+        return Void();
+    }
+    profile.mac = mac.value();
+
+    cppbor::Map profileMap;
+    profileMap.add("id", profile.id);
+    if (profile.readerCertificate.size() > 0) {
+        profileMap.add("readerCertificate", cppbor::Bstr(profile.readerCertificate));
+    }
+    if (profile.userAuthenticationRequired) {
+        profileMap.add("userAuthenticationRequired", profile.userAuthenticationRequired);
+        profileMap.add("timeoutMillis", profile.timeoutMillis);
+    }
+    signedDataAccessControlProfiles_.add(std::move(profileMap));
+
+    numAccessControlProfileRemaining_--;
+
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), profile);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> WritableIdentityCredential::beginAddEntry(
+        const hidl_vec<uint16_t>& accessControlProfileIds, const hidl_string& nameSpace,
+        const hidl_string& name, uint32_t entrySize, beginAddEntry_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    if (numAccessControlProfileRemaining_ != 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "numAccessControlProfileRemaining_ is " << numAccessControlProfileRemaining_
+                   << " and expected zero";
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                 "numAccessControlProfileRemaining_ is %zd and expected zero",
+                                 numAccessControlProfileRemaining_));
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    if (remainingEntryCounts_.size() == 0) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA, "No more namespaces to add to"));
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    // Handle initial beginEntry() call.
+    if (entryNameSpace_ == "") {
+        entryNameSpace_ = nameSpace;
+    }
+
+    // If the namespace changed...
+    if (nameSpace != entryNameSpace_) {
+        // Then check that all entries in the previous namespace have been added..
+        if (remainingEntryCounts_[0] != 0) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                     "New namespace but %d entries remain to be added",
+                                     int(remainingEntryCounts_[0])));
+            return Void();
+        }
+        remainingEntryCounts_.erase(remainingEntryCounts_.begin());
+
+        if (signedDataCurrentNamespace_.size() > 0) {
+            signedDataNamespaces_.add(entryNameSpace_, std::move(signedDataCurrentNamespace_));
+            signedDataCurrentNamespace_ = cppbor::Array();
+        }
+    } else {
+        // Same namespace...
+        if (remainingEntryCounts_[0] == 0) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                     "Same namespace but no entries remain to be added"));
+            return Void();
+        }
+        remainingEntryCounts_[0] -= 1;
+    }
+
+    entryAdditionalData_ =
+            support::entryCreateAdditionalData(nameSpace, name, accessControlProfileIds);
+
+    entryRemainingBytes_ = entrySize;
+    entryNameSpace_ = nameSpace;
+    entryName_ = name;
+    entryAccessControlProfileIds_ = accessControlProfileIds;
+    entryBytes_.resize(0);
+    // LOG(INFO) << "name=" << name << " entrySize=" << entrySize;
+
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK());
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> WritableIdentityCredential::addEntryValue(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& content,
+                                                       addEntryValue_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    size_t contentSize = content.size();
+
+    if (contentSize > IdentityCredentialStore::kGcmChunkSize) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(
+                         ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                         "Passed in chunk of size %zd is bigger than kGcmChunkSize which is %zd",
+                         contentSize, IdentityCredentialStore::kGcmChunkSize),
+                 {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+    if (contentSize > entryRemainingBytes_) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                 "Passed in chunk of size %zd is bigger than remaining space "
+                                 "of size %zd",
+                                 contentSize, entryRemainingBytes_),
+                 {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    entryBytes_.insert(entryBytes_.end(), content.begin(), content.end());
+    entryRemainingBytes_ -= contentSize;
+    if (entryRemainingBytes_ > 0) {
+        if (contentSize != IdentityCredentialStore::kGcmChunkSize) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA,
+                                     "Retrieved non-final chunk of size %zd but expected "
+                                     "kGcmChunkSize which is %zd",
+                                     contentSize, IdentityCredentialStore::kGcmChunkSize),
+                     {});
+            return Void();
+        }
+    }
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> nonce = support::getRandom(12);
+    if (!nonce) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error getting nonce"), {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> encryptedContent =
+            support::encryptAes128Gcm(storageKey_, nonce.value(), content, entryAdditionalData_);
+    if (!encryptedContent) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error encrypting content"), {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    if (entryRemainingBytes_ == 0) {
+        // TODO: ideally do do this without parsing the data (but still validate data is valid
+        // CBOR).
+        auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(entryBytes_);
+        if (item == nullptr) {
+            _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::INVALID_DATA, "Data is not valid CBOR"), {});
+            return Void();
+        }
+        cppbor::Map entryMap;
+        entryMap.add("name", entryName_);
+        entryMap.add("value", std::move(item));
+        cppbor::Array profileIdArray;
+        for (auto id : entryAccessControlProfileIds_) {
+            profileIdArray.add(id);
+        }
+        entryMap.add("accessControlProfiles", std::move(profileIdArray));
+        signedDataCurrentNamespace_.add(std::move(entryMap));
+    }
+
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), encryptedContent.value());
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> WritableIdentityCredential::finishAddingEntries(finishAddingEntries_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    if (signedDataCurrentNamespace_.size() > 0) {
+        signedDataNamespaces_.add(entryNameSpace_, std::move(signedDataCurrentNamespace_));
+    }
+    cppbor::Array popArray;
+    popArray.add("ProofOfProvisioning")
+            .add(docType_)
+            .add(std::move(signedDataAccessControlProfiles_))
+            .add(std::move(signedDataNamespaces_))
+            .add(testCredential_);
+    vector<uint8_t> encodedCbor = popArray.encode();
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signature = support::coseSignEcDsa(credentialPrivKey_,
+                                                                 encodedCbor,  // payload
+                                                                 {},           // additionalData
+                                                                 {});          // certificateChain
+    if (!signature) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error signing data"), {}, {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialKeys;
+    if (!generateCredentialKeys(storageKey_, credentialPrivKey_, credentialKeys)) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error generating CredentialKeys"), {}, {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialData;
+    if (!generateCredentialData(testCredential_ ? support::getTestHardwareBoundKey()
+                                                : support::getHardwareBoundKey(),
+                                docType_, testCredential_, credentialKeys, credentialData)) {
+        _hidl_cb(support::result(ResultCode::FAILED, "Error generating CredentialData"), {}, {});
+        return Void();
+    }
+
+    _hidl_cb(support::resultOK(), credentialData, signature.value());
+    return Void();
+}
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/identity/1.0/default/WritableIdentityCredential.h b/identity/1.0/default/WritableIdentityCredential.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1deb16
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/default/WritableIdentityCredential.h
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_WRITABLEIDENTITYCREDENTIAL_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_WRITABLEIDENTITYCREDENTIAL_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/1.0/IWritableIdentityCredential.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <cppbor.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+namespace implementation {
+
+using ::std::string;
+using ::std::vector;
+
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::Void;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::IWritableIdentityCredential;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::Result;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::ResultCode;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::SecureAccessControlProfile;
+
+class WritableIdentityCredential : public IWritableIdentityCredential {
+  public:
+    WritableIdentityCredential(const hidl_string& docType, bool testCredential)
+        : docType_(docType), testCredential_(testCredential) {}
+
+    // Creates the Credential Key. Returns false on failure. Must be called
+    // right after construction.
+    bool initialize();
+
+    // Methods from ::android::hardware::identity::IWritableIdentityCredential
+    // follow.
+    Return<void> getAttestationCertificate(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& attestationApplicationId,
+                                           const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& attestationChallenge,
+                                           getAttestationCertificate_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
+    Return<void> startPersonalization(uint16_t accessControlProfileCount,
+                                      const hidl_vec<uint16_t>& entryCounts,
+                                      startPersonalization_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
+    Return<void> addAccessControlProfile(uint16_t id, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& readerCertificate,
+                                         bool userAuthenticationRequired, uint64_t timeoutMillis,
+                                         uint64_t secureUserId,
+                                         addAccessControlProfile_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
+    Return<void> beginAddEntry(const hidl_vec<uint16_t>& accessControlProfileIds,
+                               const hidl_string& nameSpace, const hidl_string& name,
+                               uint32_t entrySize, beginAddEntry_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
+    Return<void> addEntryValue(const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& content,
+                               addEntryValue_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
+    Return<void> finishAddingEntries(finishAddingEntries_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
+  private:
+    string docType_;
+    bool testCredential_;
+
+    // These are set in initialize().
+    vector<uint8_t> storageKey_;
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialPrivKey_;
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialPubKey_;
+
+    // These fields are initialized during startPersonalization()
+    size_t numAccessControlProfileRemaining_;
+    vector<uint16_t> remainingEntryCounts_;
+    cppbor::Array signedDataAccessControlProfiles_;
+    cppbor::Map signedDataNamespaces_;
+    cppbor::Array signedDataCurrentNamespace_;
+
+    // These fields are initialized during beginAddEntry()
+    size_t entryRemainingBytes_;
+    vector<uint8_t> entryAdditionalData_;
+    string entryNameSpace_;
+    string entryName_;
+    vector<uint16_t> entryAccessControlProfileIds_;
+    vector<uint8_t> entryBytes_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_IDENTITY_WRITABLEIDENTITYCREDENTIAL_H
diff --git a/identity/1.0/default/android.hardware.identity@1.0-service.example.rc b/identity/1.0/default/android.hardware.identity@1.0-service.example.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1eb7319
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/default/android.hardware.identity@1.0-service.example.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+service vendor.identity-1-0 /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.identity@1.0-service.example
+    class hal
+    user nobody
diff --git a/identity/1.0/default/service.cpp b/identity/1.0/default/service.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..839e803
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/default/service.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "android.hardware.identity@1.0-service"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
+
+#include "IdentityCredentialStore.h"
+
+using android::hardware::joinRpcThreadpool;
+using android::hardware::identity::implementation::IdentityCredentialStore;
+
+int main(int /* argc */, char* argv[]) {
+    ::android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool(1, true /*willJoinThreadpool*/);
+
+    ::android::base::InitLogging(argv, &android::base::StderrLogger);
+
+    auto identity_store = new IdentityCredentialStore();
+    auto status = identity_store->registerAsService();
+    if (status != android::OK) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Could not register service for IdentityCredentialStore 1.0 (" << status
+                   << ")";
+    }
+    joinRpcThreadpool();
+    return -1;  // Should never get here.
+}
diff --git a/identity/1.0/types.hal b/identity/1.0/types.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5aedfea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/types.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2018 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.identity@1.0;
+
+/**
+ * The ResultCode enumeration is used to convey the status of an operation.
+ */
+enum ResultCode : int32_t {
+    /**
+     * Success.
+     */
+    OK = 0,
+
+    /**
+     * The operation failed. This is used as a generic catch-all for errors that don't belong
+     * in other categories, including memory/resource allocation failures and I/O errors.
+     */
+    FAILED = 1,
+
+    /**
+     * The passed data was invalid. This is a generic catch all for errors that don't belong
+     * in other categories related to parameter validation.
+     */
+    INVALID_DATA = 2,
+
+    /**
+     * The authToken parameter passed to IIdentityCredential.startRetrieval() is not valid.
+     */
+    INVALID_AUTH_TOKEN = 3,
+
+    /**
+     * The itemsRequest parameter passed to IIdentityCredential.startRetrieval() does not meet
+     * the requirements described in the documentation for that method.
+     */
+    INVALID_ITEMS_REQUEST_MESSAGE = 4,
+
+    /**
+     * The readerSignature parameter in IIdentityCredential.startRetrieval() is invalid,
+     * doesn't contain an embedded certificate chain, or the signature failed to
+     * validate.
+     */
+    READER_SIGNATURE_CHECK_FAILED = 5,
+
+    /**
+     * The sessionTranscript passed to startRetrieval() did not contain the ephmeral public
+     * key returned by createEphemeralPublicKey().
+     */
+    EPHEMERAL_PUBLIC_KEY_NOT_FOUND = 6,
+
+    /**
+     * An access condition related to user authentication was not satisfied.
+     */
+    USER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED = 7,
+
+    /**
+     * An access condition related to reader authentication was not satisfied.
+     */
+    READER_AUTHENTICATION_FAILED = 8,
+
+    /**
+    * The request data element has no access control profiles associated so it cannot be accessed.
+    */
+    NO_ACCESS_CONTROL_PROFILES = 9,
+
+    /**
+     * The requested data element is not in the provided non-empty itemsRequest message.
+     */
+    NOT_IN_REQUEST_MESSAGE = 10,
+
+    /**
+     * The passed-in sessionTranscript doesn't match the previously passed-in sessionTranscript.
+     */
+    SESSION_TRANSCRIPT_MISMATCH = 11,
+};
+
+/**
+ * A result has a ResultCode and corresponding textual message.
+ */
+struct Result {
+    /**
+     * The result code.
+     *
+     * Implementations must not use values not defined in the ResultCode enumeration.
+     */
+    ResultCode code;
+
+    /**
+     * A human-readable message in English conveying more detail about a failure.
+     *
+     * If code is ResultCode::OK this field must be set to the empty string.
+     */
+    string message;
+};
+
+struct SecureAccessControlProfile {
+    /**
+     * id is a numeric identifier that must be unique within the context of a Credential and may be
+     * used to reference the profile.
+     */
+    uint16_t id;
+
+    /**
+     * readerCertificate, if non-empty, specifies a single X.509 certificate (not a chain
+     * of certificates) that must be used to authenticate requests. For details about how
+     * this is done, see the readerSignature paremter of IIdentityCredential.startRetrieval.
+     */
+    vec<uint8_t> readerCertificate;
+
+    /**
+     * if true, the user is required to authenticate to allow requests.  Required authentication
+     * fressness is specified by timeout below.
+     *
+     */
+    bool userAuthenticationRequired;
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout specifies the amount of time, in milliseconds, for which a user authentication (see
+     * above) is valid, if userAuthenticationRequired is set to true.  If userAuthenticationRequired
+     * is true and timout is zero then authentication is required for each reader session.
+     *
+     * If userAuthenticationRequired is false, timeout must be zero.
+     */
+    uint64_t timeoutMillis;
+
+    /**
+     * secureUserId must be non-zero if userAuthenticationRequired is true.
+     * It is not related to any Android user ID or UID, but is created in the
+     * Gatekeeper application in the secure environment.
+     */
+    uint64_t secureUserId;
+
+    /**
+     * The mac is used to authenticate the access control profile.  It contains:
+     *
+     *      AES-GCM-ENC(storageKey, R, {}, AccessControlProfile)
+     *
+     *  where AccessControlProfile is the CBOR map:
+     *
+     *      AccessControlProfile = {
+     *          "id": uint,
+     *          ? "readerCertificate" : bstr,
+     *          ? (
+     *              "userAuthenticationRequired" : bool,
+     *              "timeoutMillis" : uint,
+     *              "secureUserId" : uint
+     *          )
+     *      }
+     */
+    vec<uint8_t> mac;
+};
diff --git a/identity/1.0/vts/OWNERS b/identity/1.0/vts/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6969910
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/vts/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+swillden@google.com
+zeuthen@google.com
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/identity/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
similarity index 70%
rename from vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
rename to identity/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 202a824..03b49de 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/identity/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -15,19 +15,22 @@
 //
 
 cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest",
+    name: "VtsHalIdentityCredentialTargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
-    srcs: ["VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest.cpp"],
+    srcs: [
+        "VtsHalIdentityCredentialTargetTest.cpp",
+    ],
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.3",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.4",
+        "android.hardware.identity@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.identity-support-lib",
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
+        "libcppbor",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libcrypto",
     ],
     test_suites: [
         "general-tests",
         "vts-core",
     ],
 }
-
diff --git a/identity/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalIdentityCredentialTargetTest.cpp b/identity/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalIdentityCredentialTargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88b06df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalIdentityCredentialTargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,532 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "IdentityCredentialHidlHalTest"
+
+#include <map>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/hardware/identity/1.0/IIdentityCredentialStore.h>
+#include <android/hardware/identity/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <cppbor.h>
+#include <cppbor_parse.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+
+using std::map;
+using std::optional;
+using std::string;
+using std::vector;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+namespace test {
+
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::IIdentityCredential;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::IIdentityCredentialStore;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::IWritableIdentityCredential;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::Result;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::ResultCode;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::SecureAccessControlProfile;
+using ::android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::HardwareAuthToken;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Test Data.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+struct TestEntryData {
+    TestEntryData(string nameSpace, string name, vector<uint16_t> profileIds)
+        : nameSpace(nameSpace), name(name), profileIds(profileIds) {}
+
+    TestEntryData(string nameSpace, string name, const string& value, vector<uint16_t> profileIds)
+        : TestEntryData(nameSpace, name, profileIds) {
+        valueCbor = cppbor::Tstr(((const char*)value.data())).encode();
+    }
+    TestEntryData(string nameSpace, string name, const vector<uint8_t>& value,
+                  vector<uint16_t> profileIds)
+        : TestEntryData(nameSpace, name, profileIds) {
+        valueCbor = cppbor::Bstr(value).encode();
+    }
+    TestEntryData(string nameSpace, string name, bool value, vector<uint16_t> profileIds)
+        : TestEntryData(nameSpace, name, profileIds) {
+        valueCbor = cppbor::Bool(value).encode();
+    }
+    TestEntryData(string nameSpace, string name, int64_t value, vector<uint16_t> profileIds)
+        : TestEntryData(nameSpace, name, profileIds) {
+        if (value >= 0) {
+            valueCbor = cppbor::Uint(value).encode();
+        } else {
+            valueCbor = cppbor::Nint(-value).encode();
+        }
+    }
+
+    string nameSpace;
+    string name;
+    vector<uint8_t> valueCbor;
+    vector<uint16_t> profileIds;
+};
+
+struct TestProfile {
+    uint16_t id;
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> readerCertificate;
+    bool userAuthenticationRequired;
+    uint64_t timeoutMillis;
+};
+
+/************************************
+ *   TEST DATA FOR AUTHENTICATION
+ ************************************/
+// Test authentication token for user authentication
+
+class IdentityCredentialStoreHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        string serviceName = GetParam();
+        ASSERT_FALSE(serviceName.empty());
+        credentialStore_ = IIdentityCredentialStore::getService(serviceName);
+        ASSERT_NE(credentialStore_, nullptr);
+
+        credentialStore_->getHardwareInformation(
+                [&](const Result& result, const hidl_string& credentialStoreName,
+                    const hidl_string& credentialStoreAuthorName, uint32_t chunkSize,
+                    bool /* isDirectAccess */,
+                    const hidl_vec<hidl_string> /* supportedDocTypes */) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+                    ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+                    ASSERT_GT(credentialStoreName.size(), 0u);
+                    ASSERT_GT(credentialStoreAuthorName.size(), 0u);
+                    ASSERT_GE(chunkSize, 256u);  // Chunk sizes < APDU buffer won't be supported
+                    dataChunkSize_ = chunkSize;
+                });
+    }
+    virtual void TearDown() override {}
+
+    uint32_t dataChunkSize_ = 0;
+
+    sp<IIdentityCredentialStore> credentialStore_;
+};
+
+TEST_P(IdentityCredentialStoreHidlTest, HardwareConfiguration) {
+    credentialStore_->getHardwareInformation(
+            [&](const Result& result, const hidl_string& credentialStoreName,
+                const hidl_string& credentialStoreAuthorName, uint32_t chunkSize,
+                bool /* isDirectAccess */, const hidl_vec<hidl_string> /* supportedDocTypes */) {
+                EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+                ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+                ASSERT_GT(credentialStoreName.size(), 0u);
+                ASSERT_GT(credentialStoreAuthorName.size(), 0u);
+                ASSERT_GE(chunkSize, 256u);  // Chunk sizes < APDU buffer won't be supported
+            });
+}
+
+TEST_P(IdentityCredentialStoreHidlTest, createAndRetrieveCredential) {
+    // First, generate a key-pair for the reader since its public key will be
+    // part of the request data.
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerKeyPKCS8 = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(readerKeyPKCS8);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerPublicKey =
+            support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(readerKeyPKCS8.value());
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(readerKeyPKCS8.value());
+    string serialDecimal = "1234";
+    string issuer = "Android Open Source Project";
+    string subject = "Android IdentityCredential VTS Test";
+    time_t validityNotBefore = time(nullptr);
+    time_t validityNotAfter = validityNotBefore + 365 * 24 * 3600;
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerCertificate = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+            readerPublicKey.value(), readerKey.value(), serialDecimal, issuer, subject,
+            validityNotBefore, validityNotAfter);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(readerCertificate);
+
+    // Make the portrait image really big (just shy of 256 KiB) to ensure that
+    // the chunking code gets exercised.
+    vector<uint8_t> portraitImage;
+    portraitImage.resize(256 * 1024 - 10);
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < portraitImage.size(); n++) {
+        portraitImage[n] = (uint8_t)n;
+    }
+
+    // Access control profiles:
+    const vector<TestProfile> testProfiles = {// Profile 0 (reader authentication)
+                                              {0, readerCertificate.value(), false, 0},
+                                              // Profile 1 (no authentication)
+                                              {1, {}, false, 0}};
+
+    HardwareAuthToken authToken = {};
+
+    // Here's the actual test data:
+    const vector<TestEntryData> testEntries = {
+            {"PersonalData", "Last name", string("Turing"), vector<uint16_t>{0, 1}},
+            {"PersonalData", "Birth date", string("19120623"), vector<uint16_t>{0, 1}},
+            {"PersonalData", "First name", string("Alan"), vector<uint16_t>{0, 1}},
+            {"PersonalData", "Home address", string("Maida Vale, London, England"),
+             vector<uint16_t>{0}},
+            {"Image", "Portrait image", portraitImage, vector<uint16_t>{0, 1}},
+    };
+    const vector<uint16_t> testEntriesEntryCounts = {static_cast<uint16_t>(testEntries.size() - 1),
+                                                     1u};
+
+    string cborPretty;
+    sp<IWritableIdentityCredential> writableCredential;
+
+    hidl_vec<uint8_t> empty{0};
+
+    string docType = "org.iso.18013-5.2019.mdl";
+    bool testCredential = true;
+    Result result;
+    credentialStore_->createCredential(
+            docType, testCredential,
+            [&](const Result& _result, const sp<IWritableIdentityCredential>& _writableCredential) {
+                result = _result;
+                writableCredential = _writableCredential;
+            });
+    EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+    ASSERT_NE(writableCredential, nullptr);
+
+    string challenge = "attestationChallenge";
+    // TODO: set it to something random and check it's in the cert chain
+    vector<uint8_t> attestationApplicationId = {};
+    vector<uint8_t> attestationChallenge(challenge.begin(), challenge.end());
+    vector<uint8_t> attestationCertificate;
+    writableCredential->getAttestationCertificate(
+            attestationApplicationId, attestationChallenge,
+            [&](const Result& _result, const hidl_vec<hidl_vec<uint8_t>>& _splitCertChain) {
+                result = _result;
+                vector<vector<uint8_t>> splitCerts;
+                std::copy(_splitCertChain.begin(), _splitCertChain.end(),
+                          std::back_inserter(splitCerts));
+                attestationCertificate = support::certificateChainJoin(splitCerts);
+            });
+    EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+
+    writableCredential->startPersonalization(testProfiles.size(), testEntriesEntryCounts,
+                                             [&](const Result& _result) { result = _result; });
+    EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+
+    vector<SecureAccessControlProfile> returnedSecureProfiles;
+    for (const auto& testProfile : testProfiles) {
+        SecureAccessControlProfile profile;
+        writableCredential->addAccessControlProfile(
+                testProfile.id, testProfile.readerCertificate,
+                testProfile.userAuthenticationRequired, testProfile.timeoutMillis,
+                0,  // secureUserId
+                [&](const Result& _result, const SecureAccessControlProfile& _profile) {
+                    result = _result;
+                    profile = _profile;
+                });
+        EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+        ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+        ASSERT_EQ(testProfile.id, profile.id);
+        ASSERT_EQ(testProfile.readerCertificate, profile.readerCertificate);
+        ASSERT_EQ(testProfile.userAuthenticationRequired, profile.userAuthenticationRequired);
+        ASSERT_EQ(testProfile.timeoutMillis, profile.timeoutMillis);
+        ASSERT_EQ(support::kAesGcmTagSize + support::kAesGcmIvSize, profile.mac.size());
+        returnedSecureProfiles.push_back(profile);
+    }
+
+    // Uses TestEntryData* pointer as key and values are the encrypted blobs. This
+    // is a little hacky but it works well enough.
+    map<const TestEntryData*, vector<vector<uint8_t>>> encryptedBlobs;
+
+    for (const auto& entry : testEntries) {
+        vector<vector<uint8_t>> chunks = support::chunkVector(entry.valueCbor, dataChunkSize_);
+
+        writableCredential->beginAddEntry(entry.profileIds, entry.nameSpace, entry.name,
+                                          entry.valueCbor.size(),
+                                          [&](const Result& _result) { result = _result; });
+        EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+        ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+
+        vector<vector<uint8_t>> encryptedChunks;
+        for (const auto& chunk : chunks) {
+            writableCredential->addEntryValue(
+                    chunk, [&](const Result& result, hidl_vec<uint8_t> encryptedContent) {
+                        EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+                        ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+                        ASSERT_GT(encryptedContent.size(), 0u);
+                        encryptedChunks.push_back(encryptedContent);
+                    });
+        }
+        encryptedBlobs[&entry] = encryptedChunks;
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> credentialData;
+    vector<uint8_t> proofOfProvisioningSignature;
+    writableCredential->finishAddingEntries(
+            [&](const Result& _result, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& _credentialData,
+                const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& _proofOfProvisioningSignature) {
+                result = _result;
+                credentialData = _credentialData;
+                proofOfProvisioningSignature = _proofOfProvisioningSignature;
+            });
+    EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> proofOfProvisioning =
+            support::coseSignGetPayload(proofOfProvisioningSignature);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(proofOfProvisioning);
+    cborPretty = support::cborPrettyPrint(proofOfProvisioning.value(), 32, {"readerCertificate"});
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  'ProofOfProvisioning',\n"
+            "  'org.iso.18013-5.2019.mdl',\n"
+            "  [\n"
+            "    {\n"
+            "      'id' : 0,\n"
+            "      'readerCertificate' : <not printed>,\n"
+            "    },\n"
+            "    {\n"
+            "      'id' : 1,\n"
+            "    },\n"
+            "  ],\n"
+            "  {\n"
+            "    'PersonalData' : [\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        'name' : 'Last name',\n"
+            "        'value' : 'Turing',\n"
+            "        'accessControlProfiles' : [0, 1, ],\n"
+            "      },\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        'name' : 'Birth date',\n"
+            "        'value' : '19120623',\n"
+            "        'accessControlProfiles' : [0, 1, ],\n"
+            "      },\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        'name' : 'First name',\n"
+            "        'value' : 'Alan',\n"
+            "        'accessControlProfiles' : [0, 1, ],\n"
+            "      },\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        'name' : 'Home address',\n"
+            "        'value' : 'Maida Vale, London, England',\n"
+            "        'accessControlProfiles' : [0, ],\n"
+            "      },\n"
+            "    ],\n"
+            "    'Image' : [\n"
+            "      {\n"
+            "        'name' : 'Portrait image',\n"
+            "        'value' : <bstr size=262134 sha1=941e372f654d86c32d88fae9e41b706afbfd02bb>,\n"
+            "        'accessControlProfiles' : [0, 1, ],\n"
+            "      },\n"
+            "    ],\n"
+            "  },\n"
+            "  true,\n"
+            "]",
+            cborPretty);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> credentialPubKey =
+            support::certificateChainGetTopMostKey(attestationCertificate);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(credentialPubKey);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(support::coseCheckEcDsaSignature(proofOfProvisioningSignature,
+                                                 {},  // Additional data
+                                                 credentialPubKey.value()));
+    writableCredential = nullptr;
+
+    // Now that the credential has been provisioned, read it back and check the
+    // correct data is returned.
+    sp<IIdentityCredential> credential;
+    credentialStore_->getCredential(
+            credentialData, [&](const Result& _result, const sp<IIdentityCredential>& _credential) {
+                result = _result;
+                credential = _credential;
+            });
+    EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+    ASSERT_NE(credential, nullptr);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerEphemeralKeyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(readerEphemeralKeyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerEphemeralPublicKey =
+            support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(readerEphemeralKeyPair.value());
+    credential->setReaderEphemeralPublicKey(readerEphemeralPublicKey.value(),
+                                            [&](const Result& _result) { result = _result; });
+    EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+
+    vector<uint8_t> ephemeralKeyPair;
+    credential->createEphemeralKeyPair(
+            [&](const Result& _result, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& _ephemeralKeyPair) {
+                result = _result;
+                ephemeralKeyPair = _ephemeralKeyPair;
+            });
+    EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> ephemeralPublicKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(ephemeralKeyPair);
+
+    // Calculate requestData field and sign it with the reader key.
+    auto [getXYSuccess, ephX, ephY] = support::ecPublicKeyGetXandY(ephemeralPublicKey.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(getXYSuccess);
+    cppbor::Map deviceEngagement = cppbor::Map().add("ephX", ephX).add("ephY", ephY);
+    vector<uint8_t> deviceEngagementBytes = deviceEngagement.encode();
+    vector<uint8_t> eReaderPubBytes = cppbor::Tstr("ignored").encode();
+    cppbor::Array sessionTranscript = cppbor::Array()
+                                              .add(cppbor::Semantic(24, deviceEngagementBytes))
+                                              .add(cppbor::Semantic(24, eReaderPubBytes));
+    vector<uint8_t> sessionTranscriptBytes = sessionTranscript.encode();
+
+    vector<uint8_t> itemsRequestBytes =
+            cppbor::Map("nameSpaces",
+                        cppbor::Map()
+                                .add("PersonalData", cppbor::Map()
+                                                             .add("Last name", false)
+                                                             .add("Birth date", false)
+                                                             .add("First name", false)
+                                                             .add("Home address", true))
+                                .add("Image", cppbor::Map().add("Portrait image", false)))
+                    .encode();
+    cborPretty = support::cborPrettyPrint(itemsRequestBytes, 32, {"EphemeralPublicKey"});
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "{\n"
+            "  'nameSpaces' : {\n"
+            "    'PersonalData' : {\n"
+            "      'Last name' : false,\n"
+            "      'Birth date' : false,\n"
+            "      'First name' : false,\n"
+            "      'Home address' : true,\n"
+            "    },\n"
+            "    'Image' : {\n"
+            "      'Portrait image' : false,\n"
+            "    },\n"
+            "  },\n"
+            "}",
+            cborPretty);
+    vector<uint8_t> dataToSign = cppbor::Array()
+                                         .add("ReaderAuthentication")
+                                         .add(sessionTranscript.clone())
+                                         .add(cppbor::Semantic(24, itemsRequestBytes))
+                                         .encode();
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerSignature =
+            support::coseSignEcDsa(readerKey.value(), {},  // content
+                                   dataToSign,             // detached content
+                                   readerCertificate.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(readerSignature);
+
+    credential->startRetrieval(returnedSecureProfiles, authToken, itemsRequestBytes,
+                               sessionTranscriptBytes, readerSignature.value(),
+                               testEntriesEntryCounts,
+                               [&](const Result& _result) { result = _result; });
+    EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+
+    for (const auto& entry : testEntries) {
+        credential->startRetrieveEntryValue(entry.nameSpace, entry.name, entry.valueCbor.size(),
+                                            entry.profileIds,
+                                            [&](const Result& _result) { result = _result; });
+        EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+        ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+
+        auto it = encryptedBlobs.find(&entry);
+        ASSERT_NE(it, encryptedBlobs.end());
+        const vector<vector<uint8_t>>& encryptedChunks = it->second;
+
+        vector<uint8_t> content;
+        for (const auto& encryptedChunk : encryptedChunks) {
+            vector<uint8_t> chunk;
+            credential->retrieveEntryValue(
+                    encryptedChunk, [&](const Result& _result, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& _chunk) {
+                        result = _result;
+                        chunk = _chunk;
+                    });
+            EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+            ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+            content.insert(content.end(), chunk.begin(), chunk.end());
+        }
+        EXPECT_EQ(content, entry.valueCbor);
+    }
+
+    // Generate the key that will be used to sign AuthenticatedData.
+    vector<uint8_t> signingKeyBlob;
+    vector<uint8_t> signingKeyCertificate;
+    credential->generateSigningKeyPair([&](const Result& _result,
+                                           const hidl_vec<uint8_t> _signingKeyBlob,
+                                           const hidl_vec<uint8_t> _signingKeyCertificate) {
+        result = _result;
+        signingKeyBlob = _signingKeyBlob;
+        signingKeyCertificate = _signingKeyCertificate;
+    });
+    EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+
+    vector<uint8_t> mac;
+    vector<uint8_t> deviceNameSpacesBytes;
+    credential->finishRetrieval(signingKeyBlob,
+                                [&](const Result& _result, const hidl_vec<uint8_t> _mac,
+                                    const hidl_vec<uint8_t> _deviceNameSpacesBytes) {
+                                    result = _result;
+                                    mac = _mac;
+                                    deviceNameSpacesBytes = _deviceNameSpacesBytes;
+                                });
+    EXPECT_EQ("", result.message);
+    ASSERT_EQ(ResultCode::OK, result.code);
+    cborPretty = support::cborPrettyPrint(deviceNameSpacesBytes, 32, {});
+    ASSERT_EQ(
+            "{\n"
+            "  'PersonalData' : {\n"
+            "    'Last name' : 'Turing',\n"
+            "    'Birth date' : '19120623',\n"
+            "    'First name' : 'Alan',\n"
+            "    'Home address' : 'Maida Vale, London, England',\n"
+            "  },\n"
+            "  'Image' : {\n"
+            "    'Portrait image' : <bstr size=262134 "
+            "sha1=941e372f654d86c32d88fae9e41b706afbfd02bb>,\n"
+            "  },\n"
+            "}",
+            cborPretty);
+    // The data that is MACed is ["DeviceAuthentication", sessionTranscriptBytes, docType,
+    // deviceNameSpacesBytes] so build up that structure
+    cppbor::Array deviceAuthentication;
+    deviceAuthentication.add("DeviceAuthentication");
+    deviceAuthentication.add(sessionTranscript.clone());
+    deviceAuthentication.add(docType);
+    deviceAuthentication.add(cppbor::Semantic(24, deviceNameSpacesBytes));
+    vector<uint8_t> encodedDeviceAuthentication = deviceAuthentication.encode();
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signingPublicKey =
+            support::certificateChainGetTopMostKey(signingKeyCertificate);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(signingPublicKey);
+
+    // Derive the key used for MACing.
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> readerEphemeralPrivateKey =
+            support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(readerEphemeralKeyPair.value());
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> sharedSecret =
+            support::ecdh(signingPublicKey.value(), readerEphemeralPrivateKey.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(sharedSecret);
+    vector<uint8_t> salt = {0x00};
+    vector<uint8_t> info = {};
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> derivedKey = support::hkdf(sharedSecret.value(), salt, info, 32);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(derivedKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> calculatedMac =
+            support::coseMac0(derivedKey.value(), {},        // payload
+                              encodedDeviceAuthentication);  // detached content
+    ASSERT_TRUE(calculatedMac);
+    EXPECT_EQ(mac, calculatedMac);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, IdentityCredentialStoreHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 IIdentityCredentialStore::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+}  // namespace test
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/identity/support/Android.bp b/identity/support/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38dc10b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "android.hardware.identity-support-lib",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "src/IdentityCredentialSupport.cpp",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        "include",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.identity@1.0",
+        "libcrypto",
+        "libbase",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "libhardware",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libcppbor",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "android.hardware.identity-support-lib-test",
+    srcs: [
+        "tests/IdentityCredentialSupportTest.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.identity-support-lib",
+        "android.hardware.identity@1.0",
+        "libcrypto",
+        "libbase",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "libhardware",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libcppbor",
+        "libgmock",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+}
+
+// --
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "libcppbor",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    host_supported: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "src/cppbor.cpp",
+        "src/cppbor_parse.cpp",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: [
+        "include/cppbor",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+    ],
+}
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "cppbor_test",
+    srcs: [
+        "tests/cppbor_test.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libcppbor",
+        "libbase",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libgmock",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+}
+
+cc_test_host {
+    name: "cppbor_host_test",
+    srcs: [
+        "tests/cppbor_test.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libcppbor",
+        "libbase",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libgmock",
+    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+}
diff --git a/identity/support/include/android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h b/identity/support/include/android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..485571a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/include/android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h
@@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef IDENTITY_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_UTILS_H_
+#define IDENTITY_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_UTILS_H_
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
+#include <tuple>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/1.0/types.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+namespace support {
+
+using ::std::optional;
+using ::std::string;
+using ::std::tuple;
+using ::std::vector;
+
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::Result;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::ResultCode;
+using ::android::hardware::identity::V1_0::SecureAccessControlProfile;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Miscellaneous utilities.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Dumps the data in |data| to stderr. The written data will be of the following
+// form for the call hexdump("signature", data) where |data| is of size 71:
+//
+//   signature: dumping 71 bytes
+//   0000  30 45 02 21 00 ac c6 12 60 56 a2 e9 ee 16 be 14  0E.!....`V......
+//   0010  69 7f c4 00 95 8c e8 55 1f 22 de 34 0b 08 8a 3b  i......U.".4...;
+//   0020  a0 56 54 05 07 02 20 58 77 d9 8c f9 eb 41 df fd  .VT... Xw....A..
+//   0030  c1 a3 14 e0 bf b0 a2 c5 0c b6 85 8c 4a 0d f9 2b  ............J..+
+//   0040  b7 8f d2 1d 9b 11 ac                             .......
+//
+// This should only be used for debugging.
+void hexdump(const string& name, const vector<uint8_t>& data);
+
+string encodeHex(const string& str);
+
+string encodeHex(const vector<uint8_t>& data);
+
+string encodeHex(const uint8_t* data, size_t dataLen);
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> decodeHex(const string& hexEncoded);
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CBOR utilities.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Returns pretty-printed CBOR for |value|.
+//
+// Only valid CBOR should be passed to this function.
+//
+// If a byte-string is larger than |maxBStrSize| its contents will not be
+// printed, instead the value of the form "<bstr size=1099016
+// sha1=ef549cca331f73dfae2090e6a37c04c23f84b07b>" will be printed. Pass zero
+// for |maxBStrSize| to disable this.
+//
+// The |mapKeysToNotPrint| parameter specifies the name of map values
+// to not print. This is useful for unit tests.
+string cborPrettyPrint(const vector<uint8_t>& encodedCbor, size_t maxBStrSize = 32,
+                       const vector<string>& mapKeysToNotPrint = {});
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Crypto functionality / abstraction.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+constexpr size_t kAesGcmIvSize = 12;
+constexpr size_t kAesGcmTagSize = 16;
+constexpr size_t kAes128GcmKeySize = 16;
+
+// Returns |numBytes| bytes of random data.
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> getRandom(size_t numBytes);
+
+// Calculates the SHA-256 of |data|.
+vector<uint8_t> sha256(const vector<uint8_t>& data);
+
+// Decrypts |encryptedData| using |key| and |additionalAuthenticatedData|,
+// returns resulting plaintext. The format of |encryptedData| must
+// be as specified in the encryptAes128Gcm() function.
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> decryptAes128Gcm(const vector<uint8_t>& key,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& encryptedData,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& additionalAuthenticatedData);
+
+// Encrypts |data| with |key| and |additionalAuthenticatedData| using |nonce|,
+// returns the resulting (nonce || ciphertext || tag).
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> encryptAes128Gcm(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& nonce,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& additionalAuthenticatedData);
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// EC crypto functionality / abstraction (only supports P-256).
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Creates an 256-bit EC key using the NID_X9_62_prime256v1 curve, returns the
+// PKCS#8 encoded key-pair.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> createEcKeyPair();
+
+// For an EC key |keyPair| encoded in PKCS#8 format, extracts the public key in
+// uncompressed point form.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(const vector<uint8_t>& keyPair);
+
+// For an EC key |keyPair| encoded in PKCS#8 format, extracts the private key as
+// an EC uncompressed key.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(const vector<uint8_t>& keyPair);
+
+// For an EC key |keyPair| encoded in PKCS#8 format, creates a PKCS#12 structure
+// with the key-pair (not using a password to encrypt the data). The public key
+// in the created structure is included as a certificate, using the given fields
+// |serialDecimal|, |issuer|, |subject|, |validityNotBefore|, and
+// |validityNotAfter|.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecKeyPairGetPkcs12(const vector<uint8_t>& keyPair, const string& name,
+                                             const string& serialDecimal, const string& issuer,
+                                             const string& subject, time_t validityNotBefore,
+                                             time_t validityNotAfter);
+
+// Signs |data| with |key| (which must be in the format returned by
+// ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey()). Signature is returned and will be in DER format.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> signEcDsa(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data);
+
+// Calculates the HMAC with SHA-256 for |data| using |key|. The calculated HMAC
+// is returned and will be 32 bytes.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> hmacSha256(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data);
+
+// Checks that |signature| (in DER format) is a valid signature of |digest|,
+// made with |publicKey| (which must be in the format returned by
+// ecKeyPairGetPublicKey()).
+//
+bool checkEcDsaSignature(const vector<uint8_t>& digest, const vector<uint8_t>& signature,
+                         const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey);
+
+// Extracts the public-key from the top-most certificate in |certificateChain|
+// (which should be a concatenated chain of DER-encoded X.509 certificates).
+//
+// The returned public key will be in the same format as returned by
+// ecKeyPairGetPublicKey().
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> certificateChainGetTopMostKey(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain);
+
+// Generates a X.509 certificate for |publicKey| (which must be in the format
+// returned by ecKeyPairGetPublicKey()).
+//
+// The certificate is signed by |signingKey| (which must be in the format
+// returned by ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey())
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+        const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey, const vector<uint8_t>& signingKey,
+        const string& serialDecimal, const string& issuer, const string& subject,
+        time_t validityNotBefore, time_t validityNotAfter);
+
+// Performs Elliptic-curve Diffie-Helman using |publicKey| (which must be in the
+// format returned by ecKeyPairGetPublicKey()) and |privateKey| (which must be
+// in the format returned by ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey()).
+//
+// On success, the computed shared secret is returned.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecdh(const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey, const vector<uint8_t>& privateKey);
+
+// Key derivation function using SHA-256, conforming to RFC 5869.
+//
+// On success, the derived key is returned.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> hkdf(const vector<uint8_t>& sharedSecret, const vector<uint8_t>& salt,
+                               const vector<uint8_t>& info, size_t size);
+
+// Returns the X and Y coordinates from |publicKey| (which must be in the format
+// returned by ecKeyPairGetPublicKey()).
+//
+// Success is indicated by the first value in the returned tuple. If successful,
+// the returned coordinates will be in uncompressed form.
+//
+tuple<bool, vector<uint8_t>, vector<uint8_t>> ecPublicKeyGetXandY(const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey);
+
+// Concatenates all certificates into |certificateChain| together into a
+// single bytestring.
+//
+// This is the reverse operation of certificateChainSplit().
+vector<uint8_t> certificateChainJoin(const vector<vector<uint8_t>>& certificateChain);
+
+// Splits all the certificates in a single bytestring into individual
+// certificates.
+//
+// Returns nothing if |certificateChain| contains invalid data.
+//
+// This is the reverse operation of certificateChainJoin().
+optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> certificateChainSplit(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain);
+
+// Validates that the certificate chain is valid. In particular, checks that each
+// certificate in the chain is signed by the public key in the following certificate.
+//
+// Returns false if |certificateChain| failed validation or if each certificate
+// is not signed by its successor.
+//
+bool certificateChainValidate(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain);
+
+// Signs |data| and |detachedContent| with |key| (which must be in the format
+// returned by ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey()).
+//
+// On success, the Signature is returned and will be in COSE_Sign1 format.
+//
+// If |certificateChain| is non-empty it's included in the 'x5chain'
+// protected header element (as as described in'draft-ietf-cose-x509-04').
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSignEcDsa(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                        const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent,
+                                        const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain);
+
+// Checks that |signatureCoseSign1| (in COSE_Sign1 format) is a valid signature
+// made with |public_key| (which must be in the format returned by
+// ecKeyPairGetPublicKey()) where |detachedContent| is the detached content.
+//
+bool coseCheckEcDsaSignature(const vector<uint8_t>& signatureCoseSign1,
+                             const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent,
+                             const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey);
+
+// Extracts the payload from a COSE_Sign1.
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSignGetPayload(const vector<uint8_t>& signatureCoseSign1);
+
+// Extracts the X.509 certificate chain, if present. Returns the data as a
+// concatenated chain of DER-encoded X.509 certificates
+//
+// Returns nothing if there is no 'x5chain' element or an error occurs.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSignGetX5Chain(const vector<uint8_t>& signatureCoseSign1);
+
+// MACs |data| and |detachedContent| with |key| (which can be any sequence of
+// bytes).
+//
+// If successful, the MAC is returned and will be in COSE_Mac0 format.
+//
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseMac0(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                   const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent);
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Platform abstraction.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Returns the hardware-bound AES-128 key.
+const vector<uint8_t>& getHardwareBoundKey();
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Utility functions specific to IdentityCredential.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// Returns a reference to a Result with code OK and empty message.
+const Result& resultOK();
+
+// Returns a new Result with the given code and message.
+Result result(ResultCode code, const char* format, ...) __attribute__((format(printf, 2, 3)));
+
+// Splits the given bytestring into chunks. If the given vector is smaller or equal to
+// |maxChunkSize| a vector with |content| as the only element is returned. Otherwise
+// |content| is split into N vectors each of size |maxChunkSize| except the final element
+// may be smaller than |maxChunkSize|.
+vector<vector<uint8_t>> chunkVector(const vector<uint8_t>& content, size_t maxChunkSize);
+
+// Calculates the MAC for |profile| using |storageKey|.
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> secureAccessControlProfileCalcMac(
+        const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile, const vector<uint8_t>& storageKey);
+
+// Checks authenticity of the MAC in |profile| using |storageKey|.
+bool secureAccessControlProfileCheckMac(const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile,
+                                        const vector<uint8_t>& storageKey);
+
+// Returns the testing AES-128 key where all bits are set to 0.
+const vector<uint8_t>& getTestHardwareBoundKey();
+
+// Creates the AdditionalData CBOR used in the addEntryValue() HIDL method.
+vector<uint8_t> entryCreateAdditionalData(const string& nameSpace, const string& name,
+                                          const vector<uint16_t> accessControlProfileIds);
+
+}  // namespace support
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // IDENTITY_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_UTILS_H_
diff --git a/identity/support/include/cppbor/README.md b/identity/support/include/cppbor/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..723bfcf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/include/cppbor/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+CppBor: A Modern C++ CBOR Parser and Generator
+==============================================
+
+CppBor provides a natural and easy-to-use syntax for constructing and
+parsing CBOR messages.  It does not (yet) support all features of
+CBOR, nor (yet) support validation against CDDL schemata, though both
+are planned.  CBOR features that aren't supported include:
+
+* Indefinite length values
+* Semantic tagging
+* Floating point
+
+CppBor requires C++-17.
+
+## CBOR representation
+
+CppBor represents CBOR data items as instances of the `Item` class or,
+more precisely, as instances of subclasses of `Item`, since `Item` is a
+pure interface.  The subclasses of `Item` correspond almost one-to-one
+with CBOR major types, and are named to match the CDDL names to which
+they correspond.  They are:
+
+* `Uint` corresponds to major type 0, and can hold unsigned integers
+  up through (2^64 - 1).
+* `Nint` corresponds to major type 1.  It can only hold values from -1
+  to -(2^63 - 1), since it's internal representation is an int64_t.
+  This can be fixed, but it seems unlikely that applications will need
+  the omitted range from -(2^63) to (2^64 - 1), since it's
+  inconvenient to represent them in many programming languages.
+* `Int` is an abstract base of `Uint` and `Nint` that facilitates
+  working with all signed integers representable with int64_t.
+* `Bstr` corresponds to major type 2, a byte string.
+* `Tstr` corresponds to major type 3, a text string.
+* `Array` corresponds to major type 4, an Array.  It holds a
+  variable-length array of `Item`s.
+* `Map` corresponds to major type 5, a Map.  It holds a
+  variable-length array of pairs of `Item`s.
+* `Simple` corresponds to major type 7.  It's an abstract class since
+  items require more specific type.
+* `Bool` is the only currently-implemented subclass of `Simple`.
+
+Note that major type 6, semantic tag, is not yet implemented.
+
+In practice, users of CppBor will rarely use most of these classes
+when generating CBOR encodings.  This is because CppBor provides
+straightforward conversions from the obvious normal C++ types.
+Specifically, the following conversions are provided in appropriate
+contexts:
+
+* Signed and unsigned integers convert to `Uint` or `Nint`, as
+  appropriate.
+* `std::string`, `std::string_view`, `const char*` and
+  `std::pair<char iterator, char iterator>` convert to `Tstr`.
+* `std::vector<uint8_t>`, `std::pair<uint8_t iterator, uint8_t
+  iterator>` and `std::pair<uint8_t*, size_t>` convert to `Bstr`.
+* `bool` converts to `Bool`.
+
+## CBOR generation
+
+### Complete tree generation
+
+The set of `encode` methods in `Item` provide the interface for
+producing encoded CBOR.  The basic process for "complete tree"
+generation (as opposed to "incremental" generation, which is discussed
+below) is to construct an `Item` which models the data to be encoded,
+and then call one of the `encode` methods, whichever is convenient for
+the encoding destination.  A trivial example:
+
+```
+cppbor::Uint val(0);
+std::vector<uint8_t> encoding = val.encode();
+```
+
+    It's relatively rare that single values are encoded as above.  More often, the
+    "root" data item will be an `Array` or `Map` which contains a more complex structure.For example
+    :
+
+``` using cppbor::Map;
+using cppbor::Array;
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> vec =  // ...
+    Map val("key1", Array(Map("key_a", 99 "key_b", vec), "foo"), "key2", true);
+std::vector<uint8_t> encoding = val.encode();
+```
+
+This creates a map with two entries, with `Tstr` keys "Outer1" and
+"Outer2", respectively.  The "Outer1" entry has as its value an
+`Array` containing a `Map` and a `Tstr`.  The "Outer2" entry has a
+`Bool` value.
+
+This example demonstrates how automatic conversion of C++ types to
+CppBor `Item` subclass instances is done.  Where the caller provides a
+C++ or C string, a `Tstr` entry is added.  Where the caller provides
+an integer literal or variable, a `Uint` or `Nint` is added, depending
+on whether the value is positive or negative.
+
+As an alternative, a more fluent-style API is provided for building up
+structures.  For example:
+
+```
+using cppbor::Map;
+using cppbor::Array;
+
+std::vector<uint8_t> vec =  // ...
+    Map val();
+val.add("key1", Array().add(Map().add("key_a", 99).add("key_b", vec)).add("foo")).add("key2", true);
+std::vector<uint8_t> encoding = val.encode();
+```
+
+    An advantage of this interface over the constructor -
+    based creation approach above is that it need not be done all at once
+        .The `add` methods return a reference to the object added to to allow calls to be chained,
+    but chaining is not necessary; calls can be made
+sequentially, as the data to add is available.
+
+#### `encode` methods
+
+There are several variations of `Item::encode`, all of which
+accomplish the same task but output the encoded data in different
+ways, and with somewhat different performance characteristics.  The
+provided options are:
+
+* `bool encode(uint8\_t** pos, const uint8\_t* end)` encodes into the
+  buffer referenced by the range [`*pos`, end).  `*pos` is moved.  If
+  the encoding runs out of buffer space before finishing, the method
+  returns false.  This is the most efficient way to encode, into an
+  already-allocated buffer.
+* `void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback)` calls `encodeCallback`
+  for each encoded byte.  It's the responsibility of the implementor
+  of the callback to behave safely in the event that the output buffer
+  (if applicable) is exhausted.  This is less efficient than the prior
+  method because it imposes an additional function call for each byte.
+* `template </*...*/> void encode(OutputIterator i)`
+  encodes into the provided iterator.  SFINAE ensures that the
+  template doesn't match for non-iterators.  The implementation
+  actually uses the callback-based method, plus has whatever overhead
+  the iterator adds.
+* `std::vector<uint8_t> encode()` creates a new std::vector, reserves
+  sufficient capacity to hold the encoding, and inserts the encoded
+  bytes with a std::pushback_iterator and the previous method.
+* `std::string toString()` does the same as the previous method, but
+  returns a string instead of a vector.
+
+### Incremental generation
+
+Incremental generation requires deeper understanding of CBOR, because
+the library can't do as much to ensure that the output is valid.  The
+basic tool for intcremental generation is the `encodeHeader`
+function.  There are two variations, one which writes into a buffer,
+and one which uses a callback.  Both simply write out the bytes of a
+header.  To construct the same map as in the above examples,
+incrementally, one might write:
+
+```
+using namespace cppbor;  // For example brevity
+
+std::vector encoding;
+auto iter = std::back_inserter(result);
+encodeHeader(MAP, 2 /* # of map entries */, iter);
+std::string s = "key1";
+encodeHeader(TSTR, s.size(), iter);
+std::copy(s.begin(), s.end(), iter);
+encodeHeader(ARRAY, 2 /* # of array entries */, iter);
+Map().add("key_a", 99).add("key_b", vec).encode(iter)
+s = "foo";
+encodeHeader(TSTR, foo.size(), iter);
+std::copy(s.begin(), s.end(), iter);
+s = "key2";
+encodeHeader(TSTR, foo.size(), iter);
+std::copy(s.begin(), s.end(), iter);
+encodeHeader(SIMPLE, TRUE, iter);
+```
+
+As the above example demonstrates, the styles can be mixed -- Note the
+creation and encoding of the inner Map using the fluent style.
+
+## Parsing
+
+CppBor also supports parsing of encoded CBOR data, with the same
+feature set as encoding.  There are two basic approaches to parsing,
+"full" and "stream"
+
+### Full parsing
+
+Full parsing means completely parsing a (possibly-compound) data
+item from a byte buffer.  The `parse` functions that do not take a
+`ParseClient` pointer do this.  They return a `ParseResult` which is a
+tuple of three values:
+
+* std::unique_ptr<Item> that points to the parsed item, or is nullptr
+  if there was a parse error.
+* const uint8_t* that points to the byte after the end of the decoded
+  item, or to the first unparseable byte in the event of an error.
+* std::string that is empty on success or contains an error message if
+  a parse error occurred.
+
+Assuming a successful parse, you can then use `Item::type()` to
+discover the type of the parsed item (e.g. MAP), and then use the
+appropriate `Item::as*()` method (e.g. `Item::asMap()`) to get a
+pointer to an interface which allows you to retrieve specific values.
+
+### Stream parsing
+
+Stream parsing is more complex, but more flexible.  To use
+StreamParsing, you must create your own subclass of `ParseClient` and
+call one of the `parse` functions that accepts it.  See the
+`ParseClient` methods docstrings for details.
+
+One unusual feature of stream parsing is that the `ParseClient`
+callback methods not only provide the parsed Item, but also pointers
+to the portion of the buffer that encode that Item.  This is useful
+if, for example, you want to find an element inside of a structure,
+and then copy the encoding of that sub-structure, without bothering to
+parse the rest.
+
+The full parser is implemented with the stream parser.
diff --git a/identity/support/include/cppbor/cppbor.h b/identity/support/include/cppbor/cppbor.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a755db1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/include/cppbor/cppbor.h
@@ -0,0 +1,827 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <functional>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <memory>
+#include <numeric>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace cppbor {
+
+enum MajorType : uint8_t {
+    UINT = 0 << 5,
+    NINT = 1 << 5,
+    BSTR = 2 << 5,
+    TSTR = 3 << 5,
+    ARRAY = 4 << 5,
+    MAP = 5 << 5,
+    SEMANTIC = 6 << 5,
+    SIMPLE = 7 << 5,
+};
+
+enum SimpleType {
+    BOOLEAN,
+    NULL_T,  // Only two supported, as yet.
+};
+
+enum SpecialAddlInfoValues : uint8_t {
+    FALSE = 20,
+    TRUE = 21,
+    NULL_V = 22,
+    ONE_BYTE_LENGTH = 24,
+    TWO_BYTE_LENGTH = 25,
+    FOUR_BYTE_LENGTH = 26,
+    EIGHT_BYTE_LENGTH = 27,
+};
+
+class Item;
+class Uint;
+class Nint;
+class Int;
+class Tstr;
+class Bstr;
+class Simple;
+class Bool;
+class Array;
+class Map;
+class Null;
+class Semantic;
+
+/**
+ * Returns the size of a CBOR header that contains the additional info value addlInfo.
+ */
+size_t headerSize(uint64_t addlInfo);
+
+/**
+ * Encodes a CBOR header with the specified type and additional info into the range [pos, end).
+ * Returns a pointer to one past the last byte written, or nullptr if there isn't sufficient space
+ * to write the header.
+ */
+uint8_t* encodeHeader(MajorType type, uint64_t addlInfo, uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end);
+
+using EncodeCallback = std::function<void(uint8_t)>;
+
+/**
+ * Encodes a CBOR header with the specified type and additional info, passing each byte in turn to
+ * encodeCallback.
+ */
+void encodeHeader(MajorType type, uint64_t addlInfo, EncodeCallback encodeCallback);
+
+/**
+ * Encodes a CBOR header with the specified type and additional info, writing each byte to the
+ * provided OutputIterator.
+ */
+template <typename OutputIterator,
+          typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_base_of_v<
+                  std::output_iterator_tag,
+                  typename std::iterator_traits<OutputIterator>::iterator_category>>>
+void encodeHeader(MajorType type, uint64_t addlInfo, OutputIterator iter) {
+    return encodeHeader(type, addlInfo, [&](uint8_t v) { *iter++ = v; });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Item represents a CBOR-encodeable data item.  Item is an abstract interface with a set of virtual
+ * methods that allow encoding of the item or conversion to the appropriate derived type.
+ */
+class Item {
+  public:
+    virtual ~Item() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the CBOR type of the item.
+     */
+    virtual MajorType type() const = 0;
+
+    // These methods safely downcast an Item to the appropriate subclass.
+    virtual const Int* asInt() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Uint* asUint() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Nint* asNint() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Tstr* asTstr() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Bstr* asBstr() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Simple* asSimple() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Map* asMap() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Array* asArray() const { return nullptr; }
+    virtual const Semantic* asSemantic() const { return nullptr; }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns true if this is a "compound" item, i.e. one that contains one or more other items.
+     */
+    virtual bool isCompound() const { return false; }
+
+    bool operator==(const Item& other) const&;
+    bool operator!=(const Item& other) const& { return !(*this == other); }
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the number of bytes required to encode this Item into CBOR.  Note that if this is a
+     * complex Item, calling this method will require walking the whole tree.
+     */
+    virtual size_t encodedSize() const = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the Item into buffer referenced by range [*pos, end).  Returns a pointer to one past
+     * the last position written.  Returns nullptr if there isn't enough space to encode.
+     */
+    virtual uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the Item by passing each encoded byte to encodeCallback.
+     */
+    virtual void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Clones the Item
+     */
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the Item into the provided OutputIterator.
+     */
+    template <typename OutputIterator,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<OutputIterator>::iterator_category>
+    void encode(OutputIterator i) const {
+        return encode([&](uint8_t v) { *i++ = v; });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the Item into a new std::vector<uint8_t>.
+     */
+    std::vector<uint8_t> encode() const {
+        std::vector<uint8_t> retval;
+        retval.reserve(encodedSize());
+        encode(std::back_inserter(retval));
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes the Item into a new std::string.
+     */
+    std::string toString() const {
+        std::string retval;
+        retval.reserve(encodedSize());
+        encode([&](uint8_t v) { retval.push_back(v); });
+        return retval;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes only the header of the Item.
+     */
+    inline uint8_t* encodeHeader(uint64_t addlInfo, uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const {
+        return ::cppbor::encodeHeader(type(), addlInfo, pos, end);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Encodes only the header of the Item.
+     */
+    inline void encodeHeader(uint64_t addlInfo, EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const {
+        ::cppbor::encodeHeader(type(), addlInfo, encodeCallback);
+    }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Int is an abstraction that allows Uint and Nint objects to be manipulated without caring about
+ * the sign.
+ */
+class Int : public Item {
+  public:
+    bool operator==(const Int& other) const& { return value() == other.value(); }
+
+    virtual int64_t value() const = 0;
+
+    const Int* asInt() const override { return this; }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Uint is a concrete Item that implements CBOR major type 0.
+ */
+class Uint : public Int {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = UINT;
+
+    explicit Uint(uint64_t v) : mValue(v) {}
+
+    bool operator==(const Uint& other) const& { return mValue == other.mValue; }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Uint* asUint() const override { return this; }
+
+    size_t encodedSize() const override { return headerSize(mValue); }
+
+    int64_t value() const override { return mValue; }
+    uint64_t unsignedValue() const { return mValue; }
+
+    using Item::encode;
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override {
+        return encodeHeader(mValue, pos, end);
+    }
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override {
+        encodeHeader(mValue, encodeCallback);
+    }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Uint>(mValue); }
+
+  private:
+    uint64_t mValue;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Nint is a concrete Item that implements CBOR major type 1.
+
+ * Note that it is incapable of expressing the full range of major type 1 values, becaue it can only
+ * express values that fall into the range [std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min(), -1].  It cannot
+ * express values in the range [std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min() - 1,
+ * -std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()].
+ */
+class Nint : public Int {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = NINT;
+
+    explicit Nint(int64_t v);
+
+    bool operator==(const Nint& other) const& { return mValue == other.mValue; }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Nint* asNint() const override { return this; }
+    size_t encodedSize() const override { return headerSize(addlInfo()); }
+
+    int64_t value() const override { return mValue; }
+
+    using Item::encode;
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override {
+        return encodeHeader(addlInfo(), pos, end);
+    }
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override {
+        encodeHeader(addlInfo(), encodeCallback);
+    }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Nint>(mValue); }
+
+  private:
+    uint64_t addlInfo() const { return -1ll - mValue; }
+
+    int64_t mValue;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Bstr is a concrete Item that implements major type 2.
+ */
+class Bstr : public Item {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = BSTR;
+
+    // Construct from a vector
+    explicit Bstr(std::vector<uint8_t> v) : mValue(std::move(v)) {}
+
+    // Construct from a string
+    explicit Bstr(const std::string& v)
+        : mValue(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(v.data()),
+                 reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(v.data()) + v.size()) {}
+
+    // Construct from a pointer/size pair
+    explicit Bstr(const std::pair<const uint8_t*, size_t>& buf)
+        : mValue(buf.first, buf.first + buf.second) {}
+
+    // Construct from a pair of iterators
+    template <typename I1, typename I2,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I1>::iterator_category,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I2>::iterator_category>
+    explicit Bstr(const std::pair<I1, I2>& pair) : mValue(pair.first, pair.second) {}
+
+    // Construct from an iterator range.
+    template <typename I1, typename I2,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I1>::iterator_category,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I2>::iterator_category>
+    Bstr(I1 begin, I2 end) : mValue(begin, end) {}
+
+    bool operator==(const Bstr& other) const& { return mValue == other.mValue; }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Bstr* asBstr() const override { return this; }
+    size_t encodedSize() const override { return headerSize(mValue.size()) + mValue.size(); }
+    using Item::encode;
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override;
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override {
+        encodeHeader(mValue.size(), encodeCallback);
+        encodeValue(encodeCallback);
+    }
+
+    const std::vector<uint8_t>& value() const { return mValue; }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Bstr>(mValue); }
+
+  private:
+    void encodeValue(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const;
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> mValue;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Bstr is a concrete Item that implements major type 3.
+ */
+class Tstr : public Item {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = TSTR;
+
+    // Construct from a string
+    explicit Tstr(std::string v) : mValue(std::move(v)) {}
+
+    // Construct from a string_view
+    explicit Tstr(const std::string_view& v) : mValue(v) {}
+
+    // Construct from a C string
+    explicit Tstr(const char* v) : mValue(std::string(v)) {}
+
+    // Construct from a pair of iterators
+    template <typename I1, typename I2,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I1>::iterator_category,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I2>::iterator_category>
+    explicit Tstr(const std::pair<I1, I2>& pair) : mValue(pair.first, pair.second) {}
+
+    // Construct from an iterator range
+    template <typename I1, typename I2,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I1>::iterator_category,
+              typename = typename std::iterator_traits<I2>::iterator_category>
+    Tstr(I1 begin, I2 end) : mValue(begin, end) {}
+
+    bool operator==(const Tstr& other) const& { return mValue == other.mValue; }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Tstr* asTstr() const override { return this; }
+    size_t encodedSize() const override { return headerSize(mValue.size()) + mValue.size(); }
+    using Item::encode;
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override;
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override {
+        encodeHeader(mValue.size(), encodeCallback);
+        encodeValue(encodeCallback);
+    }
+
+    const std::string& value() const { return mValue; }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Tstr>(mValue); }
+
+  private:
+    void encodeValue(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const;
+
+    std::string mValue;
+};
+
+/**
+ * CompoundItem is an abstract Item that provides common functionality for Items that contain other
+ * items, i.e. Arrays (CBOR type 4) and Maps (CBOR type 5).
+ */
+class CompoundItem : public Item {
+  public:
+    bool operator==(const CompoundItem& other) const&;
+
+    virtual size_t size() const { return mEntries.size(); }
+
+    bool isCompound() const override { return true; }
+
+    size_t encodedSize() const override {
+        return std::accumulate(mEntries.begin(), mEntries.end(), headerSize(size()),
+                               [](size_t sum, auto& entry) { return sum + entry->encodedSize(); });
+    }
+
+    using Item::encode;  // Make base versions visible.
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override;
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override;
+
+    virtual uint64_t addlInfo() const = 0;
+
+  protected:
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<Item>> mEntries;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Array is a concrete Item that implements CBOR major type 4.
+ *
+ * Note that Arrays are not copyable.  This is because copying them is expensive and making them
+ * move-only ensures that they're never copied accidentally.  If you actually want to copy an Array,
+ * use the clone() method.
+ */
+class Array : public CompoundItem {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = ARRAY;
+
+    Array() = default;
+    Array(const Array& other) = delete;
+    Array(Array&&) = default;
+    Array& operator=(const Array&) = delete;
+    Array& operator=(Array&&) = default;
+
+    /**
+     * Construct an Array from a variable number of arguments of different types.  See
+     * details::makeItem below for details on what types may be provided.  In general, this accepts
+     * all of the types you'd expect and doest the things you'd expect (integral values are addes as
+     * Uint or Nint, std::string and char* are added as Tstr, bools are added as Bool, etc.).
+     */
+    template <typename... Args, typename Enable>
+    Array(Args&&... args);
+
+    /**
+     * Append a single element to the Array, of any compatible type.
+     */
+    template <typename T>
+    Array& add(T&& v) &;
+    template <typename T>
+    Array&& add(T&& v) &&;
+
+    const std::unique_ptr<Item>& operator[](size_t index) const { return mEntries[index]; }
+    std::unique_ptr<Item>& operator[](size_t index) { return mEntries[index]; }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Array* asArray() const override { return this; }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override;
+
+    uint64_t addlInfo() const override { return size(); }
+};
+
+/*
+ * Map is a concrete Item that implements CBOR major type 5.
+ *
+ * Note that Maps are not copyable.  This is because copying them is expensive and making them
+ * move-only ensures that they're never copied accidentally.  If you actually want to copy a
+ * Map, use the clone() method.
+ */
+class Map : public CompoundItem {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = MAP;
+
+    Map() = default;
+    Map(const Map& other) = delete;
+    Map(Map&&) = default;
+    Map& operator=(const Map& other) = delete;
+    Map& operator=(Map&&) = default;
+
+    /**
+     * Construct a Map from a variable number of arguments of different types.  An even number of
+     * arguments must be provided (this is verified statically). See details::makeItem below for
+     * details on what types may be provided.  In general, this accepts all of the types you'd
+     * expect and doest the things you'd expect (integral values are addes as Uint or Nint,
+     * std::string and char* are added as Tstr, bools are added as Bool, etc.).
+     */
+    template <typename... Args, typename Enable>
+    Map(Args&&... args);
+
+    /**
+     * Append a key/value pair to the Map, of any compatible types.
+     */
+    template <typename Key, typename Value>
+    Map& add(Key&& key, Value&& value) &;
+    template <typename Key, typename Value>
+    Map&& add(Key&& key, Value&& value) &&;
+
+    size_t size() const override {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return mEntries.size() / 2;
+    }
+
+    template <typename Key, typename Enable>
+    std::pair<std::unique_ptr<Item>&, bool> get(Key key);
+
+    std::pair<const std::unique_ptr<Item>&, const std::unique_ptr<Item>&> operator[](
+            size_t index) const {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return {mEntries[index * 2], mEntries[index * 2 + 1]};
+    }
+
+    std::pair<std::unique_ptr<Item>&, std::unique_ptr<Item>&> operator[](size_t index) {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return {mEntries[index * 2], mEntries[index * 2 + 1]};
+    }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Map* asMap() const override { return this; }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override;
+
+    uint64_t addlInfo() const override { return size(); }
+
+  private:
+    void assertInvariant() const;
+};
+
+class Semantic : public CompoundItem {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = SEMANTIC;
+
+    template <typename T>
+    explicit Semantic(uint64_t value, T&& child);
+
+    Semantic(const Semantic& other) = delete;
+    Semantic(Semantic&&) = default;
+    Semantic& operator=(const Semantic& other) = delete;
+    Semantic& operator=(Semantic&&) = default;
+
+    size_t size() const override {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    size_t encodedSize() const override {
+        return std::accumulate(mEntries.begin(), mEntries.end(), headerSize(mValue),
+                               [](size_t sum, auto& entry) { return sum + entry->encodedSize(); });
+    }
+
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+    const Semantic* asSemantic() const override { return this; }
+
+    const std::unique_ptr<Item>& child() const {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return mEntries[0];
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<Item>& child() {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return mEntries[0];
+    }
+
+    uint64_t value() const { return mValue; }
+
+    uint64_t addlInfo() const override { return value(); }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override {
+        assertInvariant();
+        return std::make_unique<Semantic>(mValue, mEntries[0]->clone());
+    }
+
+  protected:
+    Semantic() = default;
+    Semantic(uint64_t value) : mValue(value) {}
+    uint64_t mValue;
+
+  private:
+    void assertInvariant() const;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Simple is abstract Item that implements CBOR major type 7.  It is intended to be subclassed to
+ * create concrete Simple types.  At present only Bool is provided.
+ */
+class Simple : public Item {
+  public:
+    static constexpr MajorType kMajorType = SIMPLE;
+
+    bool operator==(const Simple& other) const&;
+
+    virtual SimpleType simpleType() const = 0;
+    MajorType type() const override { return kMajorType; }
+
+    const Simple* asSimple() const override { return this; }
+
+    virtual const Bool* asBool() const { return nullptr; };
+    virtual const Null* asNull() const { return nullptr; };
+};
+
+/**
+ * Bool is a concrete type that implements CBOR major type 7, with additional item values for TRUE
+ * and FALSE.
+ */
+class Bool : public Simple {
+  public:
+    static constexpr SimpleType kSimpleType = BOOLEAN;
+
+    explicit Bool(bool v) : mValue(v) {}
+
+    bool operator==(const Bool& other) const& { return mValue == other.mValue; }
+
+    SimpleType simpleType() const override { return kSimpleType; }
+    const Bool* asBool() const override { return this; }
+
+    size_t encodedSize() const override { return 1; }
+
+    using Item::encode;
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override {
+        return encodeHeader(mValue ? TRUE : FALSE, pos, end);
+    }
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override {
+        encodeHeader(mValue ? TRUE : FALSE, encodeCallback);
+    }
+
+    bool value() const { return mValue; }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Bool>(mValue); }
+
+  private:
+    bool mValue;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Null is a concrete type that implements CBOR major type 7, with additional item value for NULL
+ */
+class Null : public Simple {
+  public:
+    static constexpr SimpleType kSimpleType = NULL_T;
+
+    explicit Null() {}
+
+    SimpleType simpleType() const override { return kSimpleType; }
+    const Null* asNull() const override { return this; }
+
+    size_t encodedSize() const override { return 1; }
+
+    using Item::encode;
+    uint8_t* encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const override {
+        return encodeHeader(NULL_V, pos, end);
+    }
+    void encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const override {
+        encodeHeader(NULL_V, encodeCallback);
+    }
+
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Item> clone() const override { return std::make_unique<Null>(); }
+};
+
+template <typename T>
+std::unique_ptr<T> downcastItem(std::unique_ptr<Item>&& v) {
+    static_assert(std::is_base_of_v<Item, T> && !std::is_abstract_v<T>,
+                  "returned type is not an Item or is an abstract class");
+    if (v && T::kMajorType == v->type()) {
+        if constexpr (std::is_base_of_v<Simple, T>) {
+            if (T::kSimpleType != v->asSimple()->simpleType()) {
+                return nullptr;
+            }
+        }
+        return std::unique_ptr<T>(static_cast<T*>(v.release()));
+    } else {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Details. Mostly you shouldn't have to look below, except perhaps at the docstring for makeItem.
+ */
+namespace details {
+
+template <typename T, typename V, typename Enable = void>
+struct is_iterator_pair_over : public std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename I1, typename I2, typename V>
+struct is_iterator_pair_over<
+        std::pair<I1, I2>, V,
+        typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_same_v<V, typename std::iterator_traits<I1>::value_type>>>
+    : public std::true_type {};
+
+template <typename T, typename V, typename Enable = void>
+struct is_unique_ptr_of_subclass_of_v : public std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T, typename P>
+struct is_unique_ptr_of_subclass_of_v<T, std::unique_ptr<P>,
+                                      typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_base_of_v<T, P>>>
+    : public std::true_type {};
+
+/* check if type is one of std::string (1), std::string_view (2), null-terminated char* (3) or pair
+ *     of iterators (4)*/
+template <typename T, typename Enable = void>
+struct is_text_type_v : public std::false_type {};
+
+template <typename T>
+struct is_text_type_v<
+        T, typename std::enable_if_t<
+                   /* case 1 */  //
+                   std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<T>>, std::string>
+                   /* case 2 */  //
+                   || std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<T>>, std::string_view>
+                   /* case 3 */                                                 //
+                   || std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::decay_t<T>>, char*>  //
+                   || std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::decay_t<T>>, const char*>
+                   /* case 4 */
+                   || details::is_iterator_pair_over<T, char>::value>> : public std::true_type {};
+
+/**
+ * Construct a unique_ptr<Item> from many argument types. Accepts:
+ *
+ * (a) booleans;
+ * (b) integers, all sizes and signs;
+ * (c) text strings, as defined by is_text_type_v above;
+ * (d) byte strings, as std::vector<uint8_t>(d1), pair of iterators (d2) or pair<uint8_t*, size_T>
+ *     (d3); and
+ * (e) Item subclass instances, including Array and Map.  Items may be provided by naked pointer
+ *     (e1), unique_ptr (e2), reference (e3) or value (e3).  If provided by reference or value, will
+ *     be moved if possible.  If provided by pointer, ownership is taken.
+ * (f) null pointer;
+ */
+template <typename T>
+std::unique_ptr<Item> makeItem(T v) {
+    Item* p = nullptr;
+    if constexpr (/* case a */ std::is_same_v<T, bool>) {
+        p = new Bool(v);
+    } else if constexpr (/* case b */ std::is_integral_v<T>) {  // b
+        if (v < 0) {
+            p = new Nint(v);
+        } else {
+            p = new Uint(static_cast<uint64_t>(v));
+        }
+    } else if constexpr (/* case c */  //
+                         details::is_text_type_v<T>::value) {
+        p = new Tstr(v);
+    } else if constexpr (/* case d1 */  //
+                         std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<T>>,
+                                        std::vector<uint8_t>>
+                         /* case d2 */  //
+                         || details::is_iterator_pair_over<T, uint8_t>::value
+                         /* case d3 */  //
+                         || std::is_same_v<std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<T>>,
+                                           std::pair<uint8_t*, size_t>>) {
+        p = new Bstr(v);
+    } else if constexpr (/* case e1 */  //
+                         std::is_pointer_v<T> &&
+                         std::is_base_of_v<Item, std::remove_pointer_t<T>>) {
+        p = v;
+    } else if constexpr (/* case e2 */  //
+                         details::is_unique_ptr_of_subclass_of_v<Item, T>::value) {
+        p = v.release();
+    } else if constexpr (/* case e3 */  //
+                         std::is_base_of_v<Item, T>) {
+        p = new T(std::move(v));
+    } else if constexpr (/* case f */ std::is_null_pointer_v<T>) {
+        p = new Null();
+    } else {
+        // It's odd that this can't be static_assert(false), since it shouldn't be evaluated if one
+        // of the above ifs matches.  But static_assert(false) always triggers.
+        static_assert(std::is_same_v<T, bool>, "makeItem called with unsupported type");
+    }
+    return std::unique_ptr<Item>(p);
+}
+
+}  // namespace details
+
+template <typename... Args,
+          /* Prevent use as copy ctor */ typename = std::enable_if_t<
+                  (sizeof...(Args)) != 1 ||
+                  !(std::is_same_v<Array, std::remove_cv_t<std::remove_reference_t<Args>>> || ...)>>
+Array::Array(Args&&... args) {
+    mEntries.reserve(sizeof...(args));
+    (mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<Args>(args))), ...);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+Array& Array::add(T&& v) & {
+    mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<T>(v)));
+    return *this;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+Array&& Array::add(T&& v) && {
+    mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<T>(v)));
+    return std::move(*this);
+}
+
+template <typename... Args,
+          /* Prevent use as copy ctor */ typename = std::enable_if_t<(sizeof...(Args)) != 1>>
+Map::Map(Args&&... args) {
+    static_assert((sizeof...(Args)) % 2 == 0, "Map must have an even number of entries");
+    mEntries.reserve(sizeof...(args));
+    (mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<Args>(args))), ...);
+}
+
+template <typename Key, typename Value>
+Map& Map::add(Key&& key, Value&& value) & {
+    mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<Key>(key)));
+    mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<Value>(value)));
+    return *this;
+}
+
+template <typename Key, typename Value>
+Map&& Map::add(Key&& key, Value&& value) && {
+    this->add(std::forward<Key>(key), std::forward<Value>(value));
+    return std::move(*this);
+}
+
+template <typename Key, typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_integral_v<Key> ||
+                                                    details::is_text_type_v<Key>::value>>
+std::pair<std::unique_ptr<Item>&, bool> Map::get(Key key) {
+    assertInvariant();
+    auto keyItem = details::makeItem(key);
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mEntries.size(); i += 2) {
+        if (*keyItem == *mEntries[i]) {
+            return {mEntries[i + 1], true};
+        }
+    }
+    return {keyItem, false};
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+Semantic::Semantic(uint64_t value, T&& child) : mValue(value) {
+    mEntries.reserve(1);
+    mEntries.push_back(details::makeItem(std::forward<T>(child)));
+}
+
+}  // namespace cppbor
diff --git a/identity/support/include/cppbor/cppbor_parse.h b/identity/support/include/cppbor/cppbor_parse.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..66cd5a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/include/cppbor/cppbor_parse.h
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "cppbor.h"
+
+namespace cppbor {
+
+using ParseResult = std::tuple<std::unique_ptr<Item> /* result */, const uint8_t* /* newPos */,
+                               std::string /* errMsg */>;
+
+/**
+ * Parse the first CBOR data item (possibly compound) from the range [begin, end).
+ *
+ * Returns a tuple of Item pointer, buffer pointer and error message.  If parsing is successful, the
+ * Item pointer is non-null, the buffer pointer points to the first byte after the
+ * successfully-parsed item and the error message string is empty.  If parsing fails, the Item
+ * pointer is null, the buffer pointer points to the first byte that was unparseable (the first byte
+ * of a data item header that is malformed in some way, e.g. an invalid value, or a length that is
+ * too large for the remining buffer, etc.) and the string contains an error message describing the
+ * problem encountered.
+ */
+ParseResult parse(const uint8_t* begin, const uint8_t* end);
+
+/**
+ * Parse the first CBOR data item (possibly compound) from the byte vector.
+ *
+ * Returns a tuple of Item pointer, buffer pointer and error message.  If parsing is successful, the
+ * Item pointer is non-null, the buffer pointer points to the first byte after the
+ * successfully-parsed item and the error message string is empty.  If parsing fails, the Item
+ * pointer is null, the buffer pointer points to the first byte that was unparseable (the first byte
+ * of a data item header that is malformed in some way, e.g. an invalid value, or a length that is
+ * too large for the remining buffer, etc.) and the string contains an error message describing the
+ * problem encountered.
+ */
+inline ParseResult parse(const std::vector<uint8_t>& encoding) {
+    return parse(encoding.data(), encoding.data() + encoding.size());
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parse the first CBOR data item (possibly compound) from the range [begin, begin + size).
+ *
+ * Returns a tuple of Item pointer, buffer pointer and error message.  If parsing is successful, the
+ * Item pointer is non-null, the buffer pointer points to the first byte after the
+ * successfully-parsed item and the error message string is empty.  If parsing fails, the Item
+ * pointer is null, the buffer pointer points to the first byte that was unparseable (the first byte
+ * of a data item header that is malformed in some way, e.g. an invalid value, or a length that is
+ * too large for the remining buffer, etc.) and the string contains an error message describing the
+ * problem encountered.
+ */
+inline ParseResult parse(const uint8_t* begin, size_t size) {
+    return parse(begin, begin + size);
+}
+
+class ParseClient;
+
+/**
+ * Parse the CBOR data in the range [begin, end) in streaming fashion, calling methods on the
+ * provided ParseClient when elements are found.
+ */
+void parse(const uint8_t* begin, const uint8_t* end, ParseClient* parseClient);
+
+/**
+ * Parse the CBOR data in the vector in streaming fashion, calling methods on the
+ * provided ParseClient when elements are found.
+ */
+inline void parse(const std::vector<uint8_t>& encoding, ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    return parse(encoding.data(), encoding.data() + encoding.size(), parseClient);
+}
+
+/**
+ * A pure interface that callers of the streaming parse functions must implement.
+ */
+class ParseClient {
+  public:
+    virtual ~ParseClient() {}
+
+    /**
+     * Called when an item is found.  The Item pointer points to the found item; use type() and
+     * the appropriate as*() method to examine the value.  hdrBegin points to the first byte of the
+     * header, valueBegin points to the first byte of the value and end points one past the end of
+     * the item.  In the case of header-only items, such as integers, and compound items (ARRAY,
+     * MAP or SEMANTIC) whose end has not yet been found, valueBegin and end are equal and point to
+     * the byte past the header.
+     *
+     * Note that for compound types (ARRAY, MAP, and SEMANTIC), the Item will have no content.  For
+     * Map and Array items, the size() method will return a correct value, but the index operators
+     * are unsafe, and the object cannot be safely compared with another Array/Map.
+     *
+     * The method returns a ParseClient*.  In most cases "return this;" will be the right answer,
+     * but a different ParseClient may be returned, which the parser will begin using. If the method
+     * returns nullptr, parsing will be aborted immediately.
+     */
+    virtual ParseClient* item(std::unique_ptr<Item>& item, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                              const uint8_t* valueBegin, const uint8_t* end) = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Called when the end of a compound item (MAP or ARRAY) is found.  The item argument will be
+     * the same one passed to the item() call -- and may be empty if item() moved its value out.
+     * hdrBegin, valueBegin and end point to the beginning of the item header, the beginning of the
+     * first contained value, and one past the end of the last contained value, respectively.
+     *
+     * Note that the Item will have no content.
+     *
+     * As with item(), itemEnd() can change the ParseClient by returning a different one, or end the
+     * parsing by returning nullptr;
+     */
+    virtual ParseClient* itemEnd(std::unique_ptr<Item>& item, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                 const uint8_t* valueBegin, const uint8_t* end) = 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Called when parsing encounters an error.  position is set to the first unparsed byte (one
+     * past the last successfully-parsed byte) and errorMessage contains an message explaining what
+     * sort of error occurred.
+     */
+    virtual void error(const uint8_t* position, const std::string& errorMessage) = 0;
+};
+
+}  // namespace cppbor
diff --git a/identity/support/src/IdentityCredentialSupport.cpp b/identity/support/src/IdentityCredentialSupport.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d93a4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/src/IdentityCredentialSupport.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1815 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "IdentityCredentialSupport"
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 199309L
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <time.h>
+#include <iomanip>
+
+#include <openssl/aes.h>
+#include <openssl/bn.h>
+#include <openssl/crypto.h>
+#include <openssl/ec.h>
+#include <openssl/err.h>
+#include <openssl/evp.h>
+#include <openssl/hkdf.h>
+#include <openssl/hmac.h>
+#include <openssl/objects.h>
+#include <openssl/pem.h>
+#include <openssl/pkcs12.h>
+#include <openssl/rand.h>
+#include <openssl/x509.h>
+#include <openssl/x509_vfy.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+
+#include <cppbor.h>
+#include <cppbor_parse.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+namespace support {
+
+using ::std::pair;
+using ::std::unique_ptr;
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Miscellaneous utilities.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+void hexdump(const string& name, const vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+    fprintf(stderr, "%s: dumping %zd bytes\n", name.c_str(), data.size());
+    size_t n, m, o;
+    for (n = 0; n < data.size(); n += 16) {
+        fprintf(stderr, "%04zx  ", n);
+        for (m = 0; m < 16 && n + m < data.size(); m++) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "%02x ", data[n + m]);
+        }
+        for (o = m; o < 16; o++) {
+            fprintf(stderr, "   ");
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, " ");
+        for (m = 0; m < 16 && n + m < data.size(); m++) {
+            int c = data[n + m];
+            fprintf(stderr, "%c", isprint(c) ? c : '.');
+        }
+        fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+    }
+    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
+}
+
+string encodeHex(const uint8_t* data, size_t dataLen) {
+    static const char hexDigits[16] = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7',
+                                       '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'};
+
+    string ret;
+    ret.resize(dataLen * 2);
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < dataLen; n++) {
+        uint8_t byte = data[n];
+        ret[n * 2 + 0] = hexDigits[byte >> 4];
+        ret[n * 2 + 1] = hexDigits[byte & 0x0f];
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+string encodeHex(const string& str) {
+    return encodeHex(reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(str.data()), str.size());
+}
+
+string encodeHex(const vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+    return encodeHex(data.data(), data.size());
+}
+
+// Returns -1 on error, otherwise an integer in the range 0 through 15, both inclusive.
+int parseHexDigit(char hexDigit) {
+    if (hexDigit >= '0' && hexDigit <= '9') {
+        return int(hexDigit) - '0';
+    } else if (hexDigit >= 'a' && hexDigit <= 'f') {
+        return int(hexDigit) - 'a' + 10;
+    } else if (hexDigit >= 'A' && hexDigit <= 'F') {
+        return int(hexDigit) - 'A' + 10;
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> decodeHex(const string& hexEncoded) {
+    vector<uint8_t> out;
+    size_t hexSize = hexEncoded.size();
+    if ((hexSize & 1) != 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Size of data cannot be odd";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    out.resize(hexSize / 2);
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < hexSize / 2; n++) {
+        int upperNibble = parseHexDigit(hexEncoded[n * 2]);
+        int lowerNibble = parseHexDigit(hexEncoded[n * 2 + 1]);
+        if (upperNibble == -1 || lowerNibble == -1) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid hex digit at position " << n;
+            return {};
+        }
+        out[n] = (upperNibble << 4) + lowerNibble;
+    }
+
+    return out;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CBOR utilities.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+static bool cborAreAllElementsNonCompound(const cppbor::CompoundItem* compoundItem) {
+    if (compoundItem->type() == cppbor::ARRAY) {
+        const cppbor::Array* array = compoundItem->asArray();
+        for (size_t n = 0; n < array->size(); n++) {
+            const cppbor::Item* entry = (*array)[n].get();
+            switch (entry->type()) {
+                case cppbor::ARRAY:
+                case cppbor::MAP:
+                    return false;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        const cppbor::Map* map = compoundItem->asMap();
+        for (size_t n = 0; n < map->size(); n++) {
+            auto [keyEntry, valueEntry] = (*map)[n];
+            switch (keyEntry->type()) {
+                case cppbor::ARRAY:
+                case cppbor::MAP:
+                    return false;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+            switch (valueEntry->type()) {
+                case cppbor::ARRAY:
+                case cppbor::MAP:
+                    return false;
+                default:
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+static bool cborPrettyPrintInternal(const cppbor::Item* item, string& out, size_t indent,
+                                    size_t maxBStrSize, const vector<string>& mapKeysToNotPrint) {
+    char buf[80];
+
+    string indentString(indent, ' ');
+
+    switch (item->type()) {
+        case cppbor::UINT:
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%" PRIu64, item->asUint()->unsignedValue());
+            out.append(buf);
+            break;
+
+        case cppbor::NINT:
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%" PRId64, item->asNint()->value());
+            out.append(buf);
+            break;
+
+        case cppbor::BSTR: {
+            const cppbor::Bstr* bstr = item->asBstr();
+            const vector<uint8_t>& value = bstr->value();
+            if (value.size() > maxBStrSize) {
+                unsigned char digest[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH];
+                SHA_CTX ctx;
+                SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+                SHA1_Update(&ctx, value.data(), value.size());
+                SHA1_Final(digest, &ctx);
+                char buf2[SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH * 2 + 1];
+                for (size_t n = 0; n < SHA_DIGEST_LENGTH; n++) {
+                    snprintf(buf2 + n * 2, 3, "%02x", digest[n]);
+                }
+                snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "<bstr size=%zd sha1=%s>", value.size(), buf2);
+                out.append(buf);
+            } else {
+                out.append("{");
+                for (size_t n = 0; n < value.size(); n++) {
+                    if (n > 0) {
+                        out.append(", ");
+                    }
+                    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "0x%02x", value[n]);
+                    out.append(buf);
+                }
+                out.append("}");
+            }
+        } break;
+
+        case cppbor::TSTR:
+            out.append("'");
+            {
+                // TODO: escape "'" characters
+                out.append(item->asTstr()->value().c_str());
+            }
+            out.append("'");
+            break;
+
+        case cppbor::ARRAY: {
+            const cppbor::Array* array = item->asArray();
+            if (array->size() == 0) {
+                out.append("[]");
+            } else if (cborAreAllElementsNonCompound(array)) {
+                out.append("[");
+                for (size_t n = 0; n < array->size(); n++) {
+                    if (!cborPrettyPrintInternal((*array)[n].get(), out, indent + 2, maxBStrSize,
+                                                 mapKeysToNotPrint)) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    out.append(", ");
+                }
+                out.append("]");
+            } else {
+                out.append("[\n" + indentString);
+                for (size_t n = 0; n < array->size(); n++) {
+                    out.append("  ");
+                    if (!cborPrettyPrintInternal((*array)[n].get(), out, indent + 2, maxBStrSize,
+                                                 mapKeysToNotPrint)) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    out.append(",\n" + indentString);
+                }
+                out.append("]");
+            }
+        } break;
+
+        case cppbor::MAP: {
+            const cppbor::Map* map = item->asMap();
+
+            if (map->size() == 0) {
+                out.append("{}");
+            } else {
+                out.append("{\n" + indentString);
+                for (size_t n = 0; n < map->size(); n++) {
+                    out.append("  ");
+
+                    auto [map_key, map_value] = (*map)[n];
+
+                    if (!cborPrettyPrintInternal(map_key.get(), out, indent + 2, maxBStrSize,
+                                                 mapKeysToNotPrint)) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                    out.append(" : ");
+                    if (map_key->type() == cppbor::TSTR &&
+                        std::find(mapKeysToNotPrint.begin(), mapKeysToNotPrint.end(),
+                                  map_key->asTstr()->value()) != mapKeysToNotPrint.end()) {
+                        out.append("<not printed>");
+                    } else {
+                        if (!cborPrettyPrintInternal(map_value.get(), out, indent + 2, maxBStrSize,
+                                                     mapKeysToNotPrint)) {
+                            return false;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    out.append(",\n" + indentString);
+                }
+                out.append("}");
+            }
+        } break;
+
+        case cppbor::SEMANTIC: {
+            const cppbor::Semantic* semantic = item->asSemantic();
+            snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "tag %" PRIu64 " ", semantic->value());
+            out.append(buf);
+            cborPrettyPrintInternal(semantic->child().get(), out, indent, maxBStrSize,
+                                    mapKeysToNotPrint);
+        } break;
+
+        case cppbor::SIMPLE:
+            const cppbor::Bool* asBool = item->asSimple()->asBool();
+            const cppbor::Null* asNull = item->asSimple()->asNull();
+            if (asBool != nullptr) {
+                out.append(asBool->value() ? "true" : "false");
+            } else if (asNull != nullptr) {
+                out.append("null");
+            } else {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Only boolean/null is implemented for SIMPLE";
+                return false;
+            }
+            break;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+string cborPrettyPrint(const vector<uint8_t>& encodedCbor, size_t maxBStrSize,
+                       const vector<string>& mapKeysToNotPrint) {
+    auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(encodedCbor);
+    if (item == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Data to pretty print is not valid CBOR: " << message;
+        return "";
+    }
+
+    string out;
+    cborPrettyPrintInternal(item.get(), out, 0, maxBStrSize, mapKeysToNotPrint);
+    return out;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Crypto functionality / abstraction.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+struct EVP_CIPHER_CTX_Deleter {
+    void operator()(EVP_CIPHER_CTX* ctx) const {
+        if (ctx != nullptr) {
+            EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+using EvpCipherCtxPtr = unique_ptr<EVP_CIPHER_CTX, EVP_CIPHER_CTX_Deleter>;
+
+// bool getRandom(size_t numBytes, vector<uint8_t>& output) {
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> getRandom(size_t numBytes) {
+    vector<uint8_t> output;
+    output.resize(numBytes);
+    if (RAND_bytes(output.data(), numBytes) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "RAND_bytes: failed getting " << numBytes << " random";
+        return {};
+    }
+    return output;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> decryptAes128Gcm(const vector<uint8_t>& key,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& encryptedData,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& additionalAuthenticatedData) {
+    int cipherTextSize = int(encryptedData.size()) - kAesGcmIvSize - kAesGcmTagSize;
+    if (cipherTextSize < 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "encryptedData too small";
+        return {};
+    }
+    unsigned char* nonce = (unsigned char*)encryptedData.data();
+    unsigned char* cipherText = nonce + kAesGcmIvSize;
+    unsigned char* tag = cipherText + cipherTextSize;
+
+    vector<uint8_t> plainText;
+    plainText.resize(cipherTextSize);
+
+    auto ctx = EvpCipherCtxPtr(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new());
+    if (ctx.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx.get(), EVP_aes_128_gcm(), NULL, NULL, NULL) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptInit_ex: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx.get(), EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_IVLEN, kAesGcmIvSize, NULL) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl: failed setting nonce length";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_DecryptInit_ex(ctx.get(), NULL, NULL, (unsigned char*)key.data(), nonce) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptInit_ex: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int numWritten;
+    if (additionalAuthenticatedData.size() > 0) {
+        if (EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx.get(), NULL, &numWritten,
+                              (unsigned char*)additionalAuthenticatedData.data(),
+                              additionalAuthenticatedData.size()) != 1) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptUpdate: failed for additionalAuthenticatedData";
+            return {};
+        }
+        if ((size_t)numWritten != additionalAuthenticatedData.size()) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptUpdate: Unexpected outl=" << numWritten << " (expected "
+                       << additionalAuthenticatedData.size() << ") for additionalAuthenticatedData";
+            return {};
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_DecryptUpdate(ctx.get(), (unsigned char*)plainText.data(), &numWritten, cipherText,
+                          cipherTextSize) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptUpdate: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (numWritten != cipherTextSize) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptUpdate: Unexpected outl=" << numWritten << " (expected "
+                   << cipherTextSize << ")";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (!EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx.get(), EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_TAG, kAesGcmTagSize, tag)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl: failed setting expected tag";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int ret = EVP_DecryptFinal_ex(ctx.get(), (unsigned char*)plainText.data() + numWritten,
+                                  &numWritten);
+    if (ret != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptFinal_ex: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (numWritten != 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_DecryptFinal_ex: Unexpected non-zero outl=" << numWritten;
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    return plainText;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> encryptAes128Gcm(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& nonce,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                           const vector<uint8_t>& additionalAuthenticatedData) {
+    if (key.size() != kAes128GcmKeySize) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "key is not kAes128GcmKeySize bytes";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (nonce.size() != kAesGcmIvSize) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "nonce is not kAesGcmIvSize bytes";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // The result is the nonce (kAesGcmIvSize bytes), the ciphertext, and
+    // finally the tag (kAesGcmTagSize bytes).
+    vector<uint8_t> encryptedData;
+    encryptedData.resize(data.size() + kAesGcmIvSize + kAesGcmTagSize);
+    unsigned char* noncePtr = (unsigned char*)encryptedData.data();
+    unsigned char* cipherText = noncePtr + kAesGcmIvSize;
+    unsigned char* tag = cipherText + data.size();
+    memcpy(noncePtr, nonce.data(), kAesGcmIvSize);
+
+    auto ctx = EvpCipherCtxPtr(EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new());
+    if (ctx.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx.get(), EVP_aes_128_gcm(), NULL, NULL, NULL) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptInit_ex: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx.get(), EVP_CTRL_GCM_SET_IVLEN, kAesGcmIvSize, NULL) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl: failed setting nonce length";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_EncryptInit_ex(ctx.get(), NULL, NULL, (unsigned char*)key.data(),
+                           (unsigned char*)nonce.data()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptInit_ex: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int numWritten;
+    if (additionalAuthenticatedData.size() > 0) {
+        if (EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx.get(), NULL, &numWritten,
+                              (unsigned char*)additionalAuthenticatedData.data(),
+                              additionalAuthenticatedData.size()) != 1) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptUpdate: failed for additionalAuthenticatedData";
+            return {};
+        }
+        if ((size_t)numWritten != additionalAuthenticatedData.size()) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptUpdate: Unexpected outl=" << numWritten << " (expected "
+                       << additionalAuthenticatedData.size() << ") for additionalAuthenticatedData";
+            return {};
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (data.size() > 0) {
+        if (EVP_EncryptUpdate(ctx.get(), cipherText, &numWritten, (unsigned char*)data.data(),
+                              data.size()) != 1) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptUpdate: failed";
+            return {};
+        }
+        if ((size_t)numWritten != data.size()) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptUpdate: Unexpected outl=" << numWritten << " (expected "
+                       << data.size() << ")";
+            return {};
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_EncryptFinal_ex(ctx.get(), cipherText + numWritten, &numWritten) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptFinal_ex: failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (numWritten != 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_EncryptFinal_ex: Unexpected non-zero outl=" << numWritten;
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl(ctx.get(), EVP_CTRL_GCM_GET_TAG, kAesGcmTagSize, tag) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "EVP_CIPHER_CTX_ctrl: failed getting tag";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    return encryptedData;
+}
+
+struct EC_KEY_Deleter {
+    void operator()(EC_KEY* key) const {
+        if (key != nullptr) {
+            EC_KEY_free(key);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using EC_KEY_Ptr = unique_ptr<EC_KEY, EC_KEY_Deleter>;
+
+struct EVP_PKEY_Deleter {
+    void operator()(EVP_PKEY* key) const {
+        if (key != nullptr) {
+            EVP_PKEY_free(key);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using EVP_PKEY_Ptr = unique_ptr<EVP_PKEY, EVP_PKEY_Deleter>;
+
+struct EVP_PKEY_CTX_Deleter {
+    void operator()(EVP_PKEY_CTX* ctx) const {
+        if (ctx != nullptr) {
+            EVP_PKEY_CTX_free(ctx);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using EVP_PKEY_CTX_Ptr = unique_ptr<EVP_PKEY_CTX, EVP_PKEY_CTX_Deleter>;
+
+struct EC_GROUP_Deleter {
+    void operator()(EC_GROUP* group) const {
+        if (group != nullptr) {
+            EC_GROUP_free(group);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using EC_GROUP_Ptr = unique_ptr<EC_GROUP, EC_GROUP_Deleter>;
+
+struct EC_POINT_Deleter {
+    void operator()(EC_POINT* point) const {
+        if (point != nullptr) {
+            EC_POINT_free(point);
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+using EC_POINT_Ptr = unique_ptr<EC_POINT, EC_POINT_Deleter>;
+
+struct ECDSA_SIG_Deleter {
+    void operator()(ECDSA_SIG* sig) const {
+        if (sig != nullptr) {
+            ECDSA_SIG_free(sig);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using ECDSA_SIG_Ptr = unique_ptr<ECDSA_SIG, ECDSA_SIG_Deleter>;
+
+struct X509_Deleter {
+    void operator()(X509* x509) const {
+        if (x509 != nullptr) {
+            X509_free(x509);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using X509_Ptr = unique_ptr<X509, X509_Deleter>;
+
+struct PKCS12_Deleter {
+    void operator()(PKCS12* pkcs12) const {
+        if (pkcs12 != nullptr) {
+            PKCS12_free(pkcs12);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using PKCS12_Ptr = unique_ptr<PKCS12, PKCS12_Deleter>;
+
+struct BIGNUM_Deleter {
+    void operator()(BIGNUM* bignum) const {
+        if (bignum != nullptr) {
+            BN_free(bignum);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using BIGNUM_Ptr = unique_ptr<BIGNUM, BIGNUM_Deleter>;
+
+struct ASN1_INTEGER_Deleter {
+    void operator()(ASN1_INTEGER* value) const {
+        if (value != nullptr) {
+            ASN1_INTEGER_free(value);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using ASN1_INTEGER_Ptr = unique_ptr<ASN1_INTEGER, ASN1_INTEGER_Deleter>;
+
+struct ASN1_TIME_Deleter {
+    void operator()(ASN1_TIME* value) const {
+        if (value != nullptr) {
+            ASN1_TIME_free(value);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using ASN1_TIME_Ptr = unique_ptr<ASN1_TIME, ASN1_TIME_Deleter>;
+
+struct X509_NAME_Deleter {
+    void operator()(X509_NAME* value) const {
+        if (value != nullptr) {
+            X509_NAME_free(value);
+        }
+    }
+};
+using X509_NAME_Ptr = unique_ptr<X509_NAME, X509_NAME_Deleter>;
+
+vector<uint8_t> certificateChainJoin(const vector<vector<uint8_t>>& certificateChain) {
+    vector<uint8_t> ret;
+    for (const vector<uint8_t>& certificate : certificateChain) {
+        ret.insert(ret.end(), certificate.begin(), certificate.end());
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> certificateChainSplit(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain) {
+    const unsigned char* pStart = (unsigned char*)certificateChain.data();
+    const unsigned char* p = pStart;
+    const unsigned char* pEnd = p + certificateChain.size();
+    vector<vector<uint8_t>> certificates;
+    while (p < pEnd) {
+        size_t begin = p - pStart;
+        auto x509 = X509_Ptr(d2i_X509(nullptr, &p, pEnd - p));
+        size_t next = p - pStart;
+        if (x509 == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing X509 certificate";
+            return {};
+        }
+        vector<uint8_t> cert =
+                vector<uint8_t>(certificateChain.begin() + begin, certificateChain.begin() + next);
+        certificates.push_back(std::move(cert));
+    }
+    return certificates;
+}
+
+static bool parseX509Certificates(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain,
+                                  vector<X509_Ptr>& parsedCertificates) {
+    const unsigned char* p = (unsigned char*)certificateChain.data();
+    const unsigned char* pEnd = p + certificateChain.size();
+    parsedCertificates.resize(0);
+    while (p < pEnd) {
+        auto x509 = X509_Ptr(d2i_X509(nullptr, &p, pEnd - p));
+        if (x509 == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing X509 certificate";
+            return false;
+        }
+        parsedCertificates.push_back(std::move(x509));
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// TODO: Right now the only check we perform is to check that each certificate
+//       is signed by its successor. We should - but currently don't - also check
+//       things like valid dates etc.
+//
+//       It would be nice to use X509_verify_cert() instead of doing our own thing.
+//
+bool certificateChainValidate(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain) {
+    vector<X509_Ptr> certs;
+
+    if (!parseX509Certificates(certificateChain, certs)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing X509 certificates";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (certs.size() == 1) {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    for (size_t n = 1; n < certs.size(); n++) {
+        const X509_Ptr& keyCert = certs[n - 1];
+        const X509_Ptr& signingCert = certs[n];
+        EVP_PKEY_Ptr signingPubkey(X509_get_pubkey(signingCert.get()));
+        if (X509_verify(keyCert.get(), signingPubkey.get()) != 1) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Error validating cert at index " << n - 1
+                       << " is signed by its successor";
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool checkEcDsaSignature(const vector<uint8_t>& digest, const vector<uint8_t>& signature,
+                         const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey) {
+    const unsigned char* p = (unsigned char*)signature.data();
+    auto sig = ECDSA_SIG_Ptr(d2i_ECDSA_SIG(nullptr, &p, signature.size()));
+    if (sig.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error decoding DER encoded signature";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    auto group = EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    auto point = EC_POINT_Ptr(EC_POINT_new(group.get()));
+    if (EC_POINT_oct2point(group.get(), point.get(), publicKey.data(), publicKey.size(), nullptr) !=
+        1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error decoding publicKey";
+        return false;
+    }
+    auto ecKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new());
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    if (ecKey.get() == nullptr || pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Memory allocation failed";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (EC_KEY_set_group(ecKey.get(), group.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting group";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(ecKey.get(), point.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting point";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey.get(), ecKey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting key";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int rc = ECDSA_do_verify(digest.data(), digest.size(), sig.get(), ecKey.get());
+    if (rc != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error verifying signature (rc=" << rc << ")";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> sha256(const vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+    vector<uint8_t> ret;
+    ret.resize(SHA256_DIGEST_LENGTH);
+    SHA256_CTX ctx;
+    SHA256_Init(&ctx);
+    SHA256_Update(&ctx, data.data(), data.size());
+    SHA256_Final((unsigned char*)ret.data(), &ctx);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> signEcDsa(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+    auto bn = BIGNUM_Ptr(BN_bin2bn(key.data(), key.size(), nullptr));
+    if (bn.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating BIGNUM";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ec_key = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    if (EC_KEY_set_private_key(ec_key.get(), bn.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting private key from BIGNUM";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto digest = sha256(data);
+    ECDSA_SIG* sig = ECDSA_do_sign(digest.data(), digest.size(), ec_key.get());
+    if (sig == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error signing digest";
+        return {};
+    }
+    size_t len = i2d_ECDSA_SIG(sig, nullptr);
+    vector<uint8_t> signature;
+    signature.resize(len);
+    unsigned char* p = (unsigned char*)signature.data();
+    i2d_ECDSA_SIG(sig, &p);
+    ECDSA_SIG_free(sig);
+    return signature;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> hmacSha256(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+    HMAC_CTX ctx;
+    HMAC_CTX_init(&ctx);
+    if (HMAC_Init_ex(&ctx, key.data(), key.size(), EVP_sha256(), nullptr /* impl */) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error initializing HMAC_CTX";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (HMAC_Update(&ctx, data.data(), data.size()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error updating HMAC_CTX";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> hmac;
+    hmac.resize(32);
+    unsigned int size = 0;
+    if (HMAC_Final(&ctx, hmac.data(), &size) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error finalizing HMAC_CTX";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (size != 32) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Expected 32 bytes from HMAC_Final, got " << size;
+        return {};
+    }
+    return hmac;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> createEcKeyPair() {
+    auto ec_key = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new());
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    auto group = EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    if (ec_key.get() == nullptr || pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Memory allocation failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EC_KEY_set_group(ec_key.get(), group.get()) != 1 ||
+        EC_KEY_generate_key(ec_key.get()) != 1 || EC_KEY_check_key(ec_key.get()) < 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generating key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey.get(), ec_key.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int size = i2d_PrivateKey(pkey.get(), nullptr);
+    if (size == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generating public key encoding";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> keyPair;
+    keyPair.resize(size);
+    unsigned char* p = keyPair.data();
+    i2d_PrivateKey(pkey.get(), &p);
+    return keyPair;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(const vector<uint8_t>& keyPair) {
+    const unsigned char* p = (const unsigned char*)keyPair.data();
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(d2i_PrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, nullptr, &p, keyPair.size()));
+    if (pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing keyPair";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ecKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pkey.get()));
+    if (ecKey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed getting EC key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ecGroup = EC_KEY_get0_group(ecKey.get());
+    auto ecPoint = EC_KEY_get0_public_key(ecKey.get());
+    int size = EC_POINT_point2oct(ecGroup, ecPoint, POINT_CONVERSION_UNCOMPRESSED, nullptr, 0,
+                                  nullptr);
+    if (size == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generating public key encoding";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> publicKey;
+    publicKey.resize(size);
+    EC_POINT_point2oct(ecGroup, ecPoint, POINT_CONVERSION_UNCOMPRESSED, publicKey.data(),
+                       publicKey.size(), nullptr);
+    return publicKey;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(const vector<uint8_t>& keyPair) {
+    const unsigned char* p = (const unsigned char*)keyPair.data();
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(d2i_PrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, nullptr, &p, keyPair.size()));
+    if (pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing keyPair";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ecKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pkey.get()));
+    if (ecKey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed getting EC key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    const BIGNUM* bignum = EC_KEY_get0_private_key(ecKey.get());
+    if (bignum == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error getting bignum from private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> privateKey;
+    privateKey.resize(BN_num_bytes(bignum));
+    BN_bn2bin(bignum, privateKey.data());
+    return privateKey;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecKeyPairGetPkcs12(const vector<uint8_t>& keyPair, const string& name,
+                                             const string& serialDecimal, const string& issuer,
+                                             const string& subject, time_t validityNotBefore,
+                                             time_t validityNotAfter) {
+    const unsigned char* p = (const unsigned char*)keyPair.data();
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(d2i_PrivateKey(EVP_PKEY_EC, nullptr, &p, keyPair.size()));
+    if (pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing keyPair";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto x509 = X509_Ptr(X509_new());
+    if (!x509.get()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating X509 certificate";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (!X509_set_version(x509.get(), 2 /* version 3, but zero-based */)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting version to 3";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (X509_set_pubkey(x509.get(), pkey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting public key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    BIGNUM* bignumSerial = nullptr;
+    if (BN_dec2bn(&bignumSerial, serialDecimal.c_str()) == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing serial";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto bignumSerialPtr = BIGNUM_Ptr(bignumSerial);
+    auto asnSerial = ASN1_INTEGER_Ptr(BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(bignumSerial, nullptr));
+    if (X509_set_serialNumber(x509.get(), asnSerial.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting serial";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto x509Issuer = X509_NAME_Ptr(X509_NAME_new());
+    if (x509Issuer.get() == nullptr ||
+        X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(x509Issuer.get(), "CN", MBSTRING_ASC,
+                                   (const uint8_t*)issuer.c_str(), issuer.size(), -1 /* loc */,
+                                   0 /* set */) != 1 ||
+        X509_set_issuer_name(x509.get(), x509Issuer.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting issuer";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto x509Subject = X509_NAME_Ptr(X509_NAME_new());
+    if (x509Subject.get() == nullptr ||
+        X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(x509Subject.get(), "CN", MBSTRING_ASC,
+                                   (const uint8_t*)subject.c_str(), subject.size(), -1 /* loc */,
+                                   0 /* set */) != 1 ||
+        X509_set_subject_name(x509.get(), x509Subject.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting subject";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto asnNotBefore = ASN1_TIME_Ptr(ASN1_TIME_set(nullptr, validityNotBefore));
+    if (asnNotBefore.get() == nullptr || X509_set_notBefore(x509.get(), asnNotBefore.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting notBefore";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto asnNotAfter = ASN1_TIME_Ptr(ASN1_TIME_set(nullptr, validityNotAfter));
+    if (asnNotAfter.get() == nullptr || X509_set_notAfter(x509.get(), asnNotAfter.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting notAfter";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (X509_sign(x509.get(), pkey.get(), EVP_sha256()) == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error signing X509 certificate";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    // Ideally we wouldn't encrypt it (we're only using this function for
+    // sending a key-pair over binder to the Android app) but BoringSSL does not
+    // support this: from pkcs8_x509.c in BoringSSL: "In OpenSSL, -1 here means
+    // to use no encryption, which we do not currently support."
+    //
+    // Passing nullptr as |pass|, though, means "no password". So we'll do that.
+    // Compare with the receiving side - CredstoreIdentityCredential.java - where
+    // an empty char[] is passed as the password.
+    //
+    auto pkcs12 = PKCS12_Ptr(PKCS12_create(nullptr, name.c_str(), pkey.get(), x509.get(),
+                                           nullptr,  // ca
+                                           0,        // nid_key
+                                           0,        // nid_cert
+                                           0,        // iter,
+                                           0,        // mac_iter,
+                                           0));      // keytype
+    if (pkcs12.get() == nullptr) {
+        char buf[128];
+        long errCode = ERR_get_error();
+        ERR_error_string_n(errCode, buf, sizeof buf);
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating PKCS12, code " << errCode << ": " << buf;
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    unsigned char* buffer = nullptr;
+    int length = i2d_PKCS12(pkcs12.get(), &buffer);
+    if (length < 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error encoding PKCS12";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> pkcs12Bytes;
+    pkcs12Bytes.resize(length);
+    memcpy(pkcs12Bytes.data(), buffer, length);
+    OPENSSL_free(buffer);
+
+    return pkcs12Bytes;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+        const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey, const vector<uint8_t>& signingKey,
+        const string& serialDecimal, const string& issuer, const string& subject,
+        time_t validityNotBefore, time_t validityNotAfter) {
+    auto group = EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    auto point = EC_POINT_Ptr(EC_POINT_new(group.get()));
+    if (EC_POINT_oct2point(group.get(), point.get(), publicKey.data(), publicKey.size(), nullptr) !=
+        1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error decoding publicKey";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto ecKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new());
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    if (ecKey.get() == nullptr || pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Memory allocation failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (EC_KEY_set_group(ecKey.get(), group.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting group";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(ecKey.get(), point.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting point";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey.get(), ecKey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto bn = BIGNUM_Ptr(BN_bin2bn(signingKey.data(), signingKey.size(), nullptr));
+    if (bn.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating BIGNUM for private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto privEcKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    if (EC_KEY_set_private_key(privEcKey.get(), bn.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting private key from BIGNUM";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto privPkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(privPkey.get(), privEcKey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto x509 = X509_Ptr(X509_new());
+    if (!x509.get()) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating X509 certificate";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (!X509_set_version(x509.get(), 2 /* version 3, but zero-based */)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting version to 3";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (X509_set_pubkey(x509.get(), pkey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting public key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    BIGNUM* bignumSerial = nullptr;
+    if (BN_dec2bn(&bignumSerial, serialDecimal.c_str()) == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing serial";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto bignumSerialPtr = BIGNUM_Ptr(bignumSerial);
+    auto asnSerial = ASN1_INTEGER_Ptr(BN_to_ASN1_INTEGER(bignumSerial, nullptr));
+    if (X509_set_serialNumber(x509.get(), asnSerial.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting serial";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto x509Issuer = X509_NAME_Ptr(X509_NAME_new());
+    if (x509Issuer.get() == nullptr ||
+        X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(x509Issuer.get(), "CN", MBSTRING_ASC,
+                                   (const uint8_t*)issuer.c_str(), issuer.size(), -1 /* loc */,
+                                   0 /* set */) != 1 ||
+        X509_set_issuer_name(x509.get(), x509Issuer.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting issuer";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto x509Subject = X509_NAME_Ptr(X509_NAME_new());
+    if (x509Subject.get() == nullptr ||
+        X509_NAME_add_entry_by_txt(x509Subject.get(), "CN", MBSTRING_ASC,
+                                   (const uint8_t*)subject.c_str(), subject.size(), -1 /* loc */,
+                                   0 /* set */) != 1 ||
+        X509_set_subject_name(x509.get(), x509Subject.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting subject";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto asnNotBefore = ASN1_TIME_Ptr(ASN1_TIME_set(nullptr, validityNotBefore));
+    if (asnNotBefore.get() == nullptr || X509_set_notBefore(x509.get(), asnNotBefore.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting notBefore";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto asnNotAfter = ASN1_TIME_Ptr(ASN1_TIME_set(nullptr, validityNotAfter));
+    if (asnNotAfter.get() == nullptr || X509_set_notAfter(x509.get(), asnNotAfter.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting notAfter";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (X509_sign(x509.get(), privPkey.get(), EVP_sha256()) == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error signing X509 certificate";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    unsigned char* buffer = nullptr;
+    int length = i2d_X509(x509.get(), &buffer);
+    if (length < 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error DER encoding X509 certificate";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> certificate;
+    certificate.resize(length);
+    memcpy(certificate.data(), buffer, length);
+    OPENSSL_free(buffer);
+    return certificate;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> ecdh(const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey,
+                               const vector<uint8_t>& privateKey) {
+    auto group = EC_GROUP_Ptr(EC_GROUP_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    auto point = EC_POINT_Ptr(EC_POINT_new(group.get()));
+    if (EC_POINT_oct2point(group.get(), point.get(), publicKey.data(), publicKey.size(), nullptr) !=
+        1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error decoding publicKey";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto ecKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new());
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    if (ecKey.get() == nullptr || pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Memory allocation failed";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (EC_KEY_set_group(ecKey.get(), group.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting group";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (EC_KEY_set_public_key(ecKey.get(), point.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting point";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(pkey.get(), ecKey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto bn = BIGNUM_Ptr(BN_bin2bn(privateKey.data(), privateKey.size(), nullptr));
+    if (bn.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating BIGNUM for private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto privEcKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EC_KEY_new_by_curve_name(NID_X9_62_prime256v1));
+    if (EC_KEY_set_private_key(privEcKey.get(), bn.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting private key from BIGNUM";
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto privPkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_new());
+    if (EVP_PKEY_set1_EC_KEY(privPkey.get(), privEcKey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting private key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ctx = EVP_PKEY_CTX_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_CTX_new(privPkey.get(), NULL));
+    if (ctx.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating context";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_PKEY_derive_init(ctx.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error initializing context";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    if (EVP_PKEY_derive_set_peer(ctx.get(), pkey.get()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error setting peer";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    /* Determine buffer length for shared secret */
+    size_t secretLen = 0;
+    if (EVP_PKEY_derive(ctx.get(), NULL, &secretLen) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error determing length of shared secret";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> sharedSecret;
+    sharedSecret.resize(secretLen);
+
+    if (EVP_PKEY_derive(ctx.get(), sharedSecret.data(), &secretLen) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error deriving shared secret";
+        return {};
+    }
+    return sharedSecret;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> hkdf(const vector<uint8_t>& sharedSecret, const vector<uint8_t>& salt,
+                               const vector<uint8_t>& info, size_t size) {
+    vector<uint8_t> derivedKey;
+    derivedKey.resize(size);
+    if (HKDF(derivedKey.data(), derivedKey.size(), EVP_sha256(), sharedSecret.data(),
+             sharedSecret.size(), salt.data(), salt.size(), info.data(), info.size()) != 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error deriving key";
+        return {};
+    }
+    return derivedKey;
+}
+
+void removeLeadingZeroes(vector<uint8_t>& vec) {
+    while (vec.size() >= 1 && vec[0] == 0x00) {
+        vec.erase(vec.begin());
+    }
+}
+
+tuple<bool, vector<uint8_t>, vector<uint8_t>> ecPublicKeyGetXandY(
+        const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey) {
+    if (publicKey.size() != 65 || publicKey[0] != 0x04) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "publicKey is not in the expected format";
+        return std::make_tuple(false, vector<uint8_t>(), vector<uint8_t>());
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> x, y;
+    x.resize(32);
+    y.resize(32);
+    memcpy(x.data(), publicKey.data() + 1, 32);
+    memcpy(y.data(), publicKey.data() + 33, 32);
+
+    removeLeadingZeroes(x);
+    removeLeadingZeroes(y);
+
+    return std::make_tuple(true, x, y);
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> certificateChainGetTopMostKey(const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain) {
+    vector<X509_Ptr> certs;
+    if (!parseX509Certificates(certificateChain, certs)) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (certs.size() < 1) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "No certificates in chain";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    int algoId = OBJ_obj2nid(certs[0]->cert_info->key->algor->algorithm);
+    if (algoId != NID_X9_62_id_ecPublicKey) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Expected NID_X9_62_id_ecPublicKey, got " << OBJ_nid2ln(algoId);
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto pkey = EVP_PKEY_Ptr(X509_get_pubkey(certs[0].get()));
+    if (pkey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "No public key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ecKey = EC_KEY_Ptr(EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pkey.get()));
+    if (ecKey.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Failed getting EC key";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    auto ecGroup = EC_KEY_get0_group(ecKey.get());
+    auto ecPoint = EC_KEY_get0_public_key(ecKey.get());
+    int size = EC_POINT_point2oct(ecGroup, ecPoint, POINT_CONVERSION_UNCOMPRESSED, nullptr, 0,
+                                  nullptr);
+    if (size == 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error generating public key encoding";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> publicKey;
+    publicKey.resize(size);
+    EC_POINT_point2oct(ecGroup, ecPoint, POINT_CONVERSION_UNCOMPRESSED, publicKey.data(),
+                       publicKey.size(), nullptr);
+    return publicKey;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// COSE Utility Functions
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+vector<uint8_t> coseBuildToBeSigned(const vector<uint8_t>& encodedProtectedHeaders,
+                                    const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                    const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent) {
+    cppbor::Array sigStructure;
+    sigStructure.add("Signature1");
+    sigStructure.add(encodedProtectedHeaders);
+
+    // We currently don't support Externally Supplied Data (RFC 8152 section 4.3)
+    // so external_aad is the empty bstr
+    vector<uint8_t> emptyExternalAad;
+    sigStructure.add(emptyExternalAad);
+
+    // Next field is the payload, independently of how it's transported (RFC
+    // 8152 section 4.4). Since our API specifies only one of |data| and
+    // |detachedContent| can be non-empty, it's simply just the non-empty one.
+    if (data.size() > 0) {
+        sigStructure.add(data);
+    } else {
+        sigStructure.add(detachedContent);
+    }
+    return sigStructure.encode();
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> coseEncodeHeaders(const cppbor::Map& protectedHeaders) {
+    if (protectedHeaders.size() == 0) {
+        cppbor::Bstr emptyBstr(vector<uint8_t>({}));
+        return emptyBstr.encode();
+    }
+    return protectedHeaders.encode();
+}
+
+// From https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc8152
+const int COSE_LABEL_ALG = 1;
+const int COSE_LABEL_X5CHAIN = 33;  // temporary identifier
+
+// From "COSE Algorithms" registry
+const int COSE_ALG_ECDSA_256 = -7;
+const int COSE_ALG_HMAC_256_256 = 5;
+
+bool ecdsaSignatureCoseToDer(const vector<uint8_t>& ecdsaCoseSignature,
+                             vector<uint8_t>& ecdsaDerSignature) {
+    if (ecdsaCoseSignature.size() != 64) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "COSE signature length is " << ecdsaCoseSignature.size() << ", expected 64";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    auto rBn = BIGNUM_Ptr(BN_bin2bn(ecdsaCoseSignature.data(), 32, nullptr));
+    if (rBn.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating BIGNUM for r";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    auto sBn = BIGNUM_Ptr(BN_bin2bn(ecdsaCoseSignature.data() + 32, 32, nullptr));
+    if (sBn.get() == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error creating BIGNUM for s";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    ECDSA_SIG sig;
+    sig.r = rBn.get();
+    sig.s = sBn.get();
+
+    size_t len = i2d_ECDSA_SIG(&sig, nullptr);
+    ecdsaDerSignature.resize(len);
+    unsigned char* p = (unsigned char*)ecdsaDerSignature.data();
+    i2d_ECDSA_SIG(&sig, &p);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ecdsaSignatureDerToCose(const vector<uint8_t>& ecdsaDerSignature,
+                             vector<uint8_t>& ecdsaCoseSignature) {
+    ECDSA_SIG* sig;
+    const unsigned char* p = ecdsaDerSignature.data();
+    sig = d2i_ECDSA_SIG(nullptr, &p, ecdsaDerSignature.size());
+    if (sig == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error decoding DER signature";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    ecdsaCoseSignature.clear();
+    ecdsaCoseSignature.resize(64);
+    if (BN_bn2binpad(sig->r, ecdsaCoseSignature.data(), 32) != 32) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error encoding r";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (BN_bn2binpad(sig->s, ecdsaCoseSignature.data() + 32, 32) != 32) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error encoding s";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSignEcDsa(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                        const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent,
+                                        const vector<uint8_t>& certificateChain) {
+    cppbor::Map unprotectedHeaders;
+    cppbor::Map protectedHeaders;
+
+    if (data.size() > 0 && detachedContent.size() > 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "data and detachedContent cannot both be non-empty";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    protectedHeaders.add(COSE_LABEL_ALG, COSE_ALG_ECDSA_256);
+
+    if (certificateChain.size() != 0) {
+        optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> certs = support::certificateChainSplit(certificateChain);
+        if (!certs) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Error splitting certificate chain";
+            return {};
+        }
+        if (certs.value().size() == 1) {
+            unprotectedHeaders.add(COSE_LABEL_X5CHAIN, certs.value()[0]);
+        } else {
+            cppbor::Array certArray;
+            for (const vector<uint8_t>& cert : certs.value()) {
+                certArray.add(cert);
+            }
+            unprotectedHeaders.add(COSE_LABEL_X5CHAIN, std::move(certArray));
+        }
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> encodedProtectedHeaders = coseEncodeHeaders(protectedHeaders);
+    vector<uint8_t> toBeSigned =
+            coseBuildToBeSigned(encodedProtectedHeaders, data, detachedContent);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> derSignature = signEcDsa(key, toBeSigned);
+    if (!derSignature) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error signing toBeSigned data";
+        return {};
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> coseSignature;
+    if (!ecdsaSignatureDerToCose(derSignature.value(), coseSignature)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error converting ECDSA signature from DER to COSE format";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    cppbor::Array coseSign1;
+    coseSign1.add(encodedProtectedHeaders);
+    coseSign1.add(std::move(unprotectedHeaders));
+    if (data.size() == 0) {
+        cppbor::Null nullValue;
+        coseSign1.add(std::move(nullValue));
+    } else {
+        coseSign1.add(data);
+    }
+    coseSign1.add(coseSignature);
+    vector<uint8_t> signatureCoseSign1;
+    signatureCoseSign1 = coseSign1.encode();
+    return signatureCoseSign1;
+}
+
+bool coseCheckEcDsaSignature(const vector<uint8_t>& signatureCoseSign1,
+                             const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent,
+                             const vector<uint8_t>& publicKey) {
+    auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(signatureCoseSign1);
+    if (item == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Passed-in COSE_Sign1 is not valid CBOR: " << message;
+        return false;
+    }
+    const cppbor::Array* array = item->asArray();
+    if (array == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for COSE_Sign1 is not an array";
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (array->size() != 4) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for COSE_Sign1 is not an array of size 4";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const cppbor::Bstr* encodedProtectedHeadersBstr = (*array)[0]->asBstr();
+    ;
+    if (encodedProtectedHeadersBstr == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for encodedProtectedHeaders is not a bstr";
+        return false;
+    }
+    const vector<uint8_t> encodedProtectedHeaders = encodedProtectedHeadersBstr->value();
+
+    const cppbor::Map* unprotectedHeaders = (*array)[1]->asMap();
+    if (unprotectedHeaders == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for unprotectedHeaders is not a map";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> data;
+    const cppbor::Simple* payloadAsSimple = (*array)[2]->asSimple();
+    if (payloadAsSimple != nullptr) {
+        if (payloadAsSimple->asNull() == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Value for payload is not null or a bstr";
+            return false;
+        }
+    } else {
+        const cppbor::Bstr* payloadAsBstr = (*array)[2]->asBstr();
+        if (payloadAsBstr == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Value for payload is not null or a bstr";
+            return false;
+        }
+        data = payloadAsBstr->value();  // TODO: avoid copy
+    }
+
+    if (data.size() > 0 && detachedContent.size() > 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "data and detachedContent cannot both be non-empty";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const cppbor::Bstr* signatureBstr = (*array)[3]->asBstr();
+    if (signatureBstr == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for signature is a bstr";
+        return false;
+    }
+    const vector<uint8_t>& coseSignature = signatureBstr->value();
+
+    vector<uint8_t> derSignature;
+    if (!ecdsaSignatureCoseToDer(coseSignature, derSignature)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error converting ECDSA signature from COSE to DER format";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> toBeSigned =
+            coseBuildToBeSigned(encodedProtectedHeaders, data, detachedContent);
+    if (!checkEcDsaSignature(support::sha256(toBeSigned), derSignature, publicKey)) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Signature check failed";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSignGetPayload(const vector<uint8_t>& signatureCoseSign1) {
+    auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(signatureCoseSign1);
+    if (item == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Passed-in COSE_Sign1 is not valid CBOR: " << message;
+        return {};
+    }
+    const cppbor::Array* array = item->asArray();
+    if (array == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for COSE_Sign1 is not an array";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (array->size() != 4) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for COSE_Sign1 is not an array of size 4";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    vector<uint8_t> data;
+    const cppbor::Simple* payloadAsSimple = (*array)[2]->asSimple();
+    if (payloadAsSimple != nullptr) {
+        if (payloadAsSimple->asNull() == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Value for payload is not null or a bstr";
+            return {};
+        }
+        // payload is null, so |data| should be empty (as it is)
+    } else {
+        const cppbor::Bstr* payloadAsBstr = (*array)[2]->asBstr();
+        if (payloadAsBstr == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Value for payload is not null or a bstr";
+            return {};
+        }
+        // Copy payload into |data|
+        data = payloadAsBstr->value();
+    }
+
+    return data;
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSignGetX5Chain(const vector<uint8_t>& signatureCoseSign1) {
+    auto [item, _, message] = cppbor::parse(signatureCoseSign1);
+    if (item == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Passed-in COSE_Sign1 is not valid CBOR: " << message;
+        return {};
+    }
+    const cppbor::Array* array = item->asArray();
+    if (array == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for COSE_Sign1 is not an array";
+        return {};
+    }
+    if (array->size() != 4) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for COSE_Sign1 is not an array of size 4";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    const cppbor::Map* unprotectedHeaders = (*array)[1]->asMap();
+    if (unprotectedHeaders == nullptr) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Value for unprotectedHeaders is not a map";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < unprotectedHeaders->size(); n++) {
+        auto [keyItem, valueItem] = (*unprotectedHeaders)[n];
+        const cppbor::Int* number = keyItem->asInt();
+        if (number == nullptr) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Key item in top-level map is not a number";
+            return {};
+        }
+        int label = number->value();
+        if (label == COSE_LABEL_X5CHAIN) {
+            const cppbor::Bstr* bstr = valueItem->asBstr();
+            if (bstr != nullptr) {
+                return bstr->value();
+            }
+            const cppbor::Array* array = valueItem->asArray();
+            if (array != nullptr) {
+                vector<uint8_t> certs;
+                for (size_t m = 0; m < array->size(); m++) {
+                    const cppbor::Bstr* bstr = ((*array)[m])->asBstr();
+                    if (bstr == nullptr) {
+                        LOG(ERROR) << "Item in x5chain array is not a bstr";
+                        return {};
+                    }
+                    const vector<uint8_t>& certValue = bstr->value();
+                    certs.insert(certs.end(), certValue.begin(), certValue.end());
+                }
+                return certs;
+            }
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Value for x5chain label is not a bstr or array";
+            return {};
+        }
+    }
+    LOG(ERROR) << "Did not find x5chain label in unprotected headers";
+    return {};
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> coseBuildToBeMACed(const vector<uint8_t>& encodedProtectedHeaders,
+                                   const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                   const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent) {
+    cppbor::Array macStructure;
+    macStructure.add("MAC0");
+    macStructure.add(encodedProtectedHeaders);
+
+    // We currently don't support Externally Supplied Data (RFC 8152 section 4.3)
+    // so external_aad is the empty bstr
+    vector<uint8_t> emptyExternalAad;
+    macStructure.add(emptyExternalAad);
+
+    // Next field is the payload, independently of how it's transported (RFC
+    // 8152 section 4.4). Since our API specifies only one of |data| and
+    // |detachedContent| can be non-empty, it's simply just the non-empty one.
+    if (data.size() > 0) {
+        macStructure.add(data);
+    } else {
+        macStructure.add(detachedContent);
+    }
+
+    return macStructure.encode();
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseMac0(const vector<uint8_t>& key, const vector<uint8_t>& data,
+                                   const vector<uint8_t>& detachedContent) {
+    cppbor::Map unprotectedHeaders;
+    cppbor::Map protectedHeaders;
+
+    if (data.size() > 0 && detachedContent.size() > 0) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "data and detachedContent cannot both be non-empty";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    protectedHeaders.add(COSE_LABEL_ALG, COSE_ALG_HMAC_256_256);
+
+    vector<uint8_t> encodedProtectedHeaders = coseEncodeHeaders(protectedHeaders);
+    vector<uint8_t> toBeMACed = coseBuildToBeMACed(encodedProtectedHeaders, data, detachedContent);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> mac = hmacSha256(key, toBeMACed);
+    if (!mac) {
+        LOG(ERROR) << "Error MACing toBeMACed data";
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    cppbor::Array array;
+    array.add(encodedProtectedHeaders);
+    array.add(std::move(unprotectedHeaders));
+    if (data.size() == 0) {
+        cppbor::Null nullValue;
+        array.add(std::move(nullValue));
+    } else {
+        array.add(data);
+    }
+    array.add(mac.value());
+    return array.encode();
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Platform abstraction.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// This is not a very random HBK but that's OK because this is the SW
+// implementation where it can't be kept secret.
+vector<uint8_t> hardwareBoundKey = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15};
+
+const vector<uint8_t>& getHardwareBoundKey() {
+    return hardwareBoundKey;
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Utility functions specific to IdentityCredential.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Result okResult{ResultCode::OK, ""};
+
+const Result& resultOK() {
+    return okResult;
+}
+
+Result result(ResultCode code, const char* format, ...) {
+    va_list ap;
+    va_start(ap, format);
+    string str;
+    android::base::StringAppendV(&str, format, ap);
+    va_end(ap);
+    return Result{code, str};
+}
+
+vector<vector<uint8_t>> chunkVector(const vector<uint8_t>& content, size_t maxChunkSize) {
+    vector<vector<uint8_t>> ret;
+
+    size_t contentSize = content.size();
+    if (contentSize <= maxChunkSize) {
+        ret.push_back(content);
+        return ret;
+    }
+
+    size_t numChunks = (contentSize + maxChunkSize - 1) / maxChunkSize;
+
+    size_t pos = 0;
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < numChunks; n++) {
+        size_t size = contentSize - pos;
+        if (size > maxChunkSize) {
+            size = maxChunkSize;
+        }
+        auto begin = content.begin() + pos;
+        auto end = content.begin() + pos + size;
+        ret.emplace_back(vector<uint8_t>(begin, end));
+        pos += maxChunkSize;
+    }
+
+    return ret;
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> secureAccessControlProfileEncodeCbor(const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile) {
+    cppbor::Map map;
+    map.add("id", profile.id);
+
+    if (profile.readerCertificate.size() > 0) {
+        map.add("readerCertificate", cppbor::Bstr(profile.readerCertificate));
+    }
+
+    if (profile.userAuthenticationRequired) {
+        map.add("userAuthenticationRequired", profile.userAuthenticationRequired);
+        map.add("timeoutMillis", profile.timeoutMillis);
+        map.add("secureUserId", profile.secureUserId);
+    }
+
+    return map.encode();
+}
+
+optional<vector<uint8_t>> secureAccessControlProfileCalcMac(
+        const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile, const vector<uint8_t>& storageKey) {
+    vector<uint8_t> cborData = secureAccessControlProfileEncodeCbor(profile);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> nonce = getRandom(12);
+    if (!nonce) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> macO = encryptAes128Gcm(storageKey, nonce.value(), {}, cborData);
+    if (!macO) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    return macO.value();
+}
+
+bool secureAccessControlProfileCheckMac(const SecureAccessControlProfile& profile,
+                                        const vector<uint8_t>& storageKey) {
+    vector<uint8_t> cborData = secureAccessControlProfileEncodeCbor(profile);
+
+    if (profile.mac.size() < kAesGcmIvSize) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    vector<uint8_t> nonce =
+            vector<uint8_t>(profile.mac.begin(), profile.mac.begin() + kAesGcmIvSize);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> mac = encryptAes128Gcm(storageKey, nonce, {}, cborData);
+    if (!mac) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (mac.value() != vector<uint8_t>(profile.mac)) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> testHardwareBoundKey = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+const vector<uint8_t>& getTestHardwareBoundKey() {
+    return testHardwareBoundKey;
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> entryCreateAdditionalData(const string& nameSpace, const string& name,
+                                          const vector<uint16_t> accessControlProfileIds) {
+    cppbor::Map map;
+    map.add("Namespace", nameSpace);
+    map.add("Name", name);
+
+    cppbor::Array acpIds;
+    for (auto id : accessControlProfileIds) {
+        acpIds.add(id);
+    }
+    map.add("AccessControlProfileIds", std::move(acpIds));
+    return map.encode();
+}
+
+}  // namespace support
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/identity/support/src/cppbor.cpp b/identity/support/src/cppbor.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d289985
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/src/cppbor.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "cppbor.h"
+#include "cppbor_parse.h"
+
+#define LOG_TAG "CppBor"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+namespace cppbor {
+
+namespace {
+
+template <typename T, typename Iterator, typename = std::enable_if<std::is_unsigned<T>::value>>
+Iterator writeBigEndian(T value, Iterator pos) {
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(value); ++i) {
+        *pos++ = static_cast<uint8_t>(value >> (8 * (sizeof(value) - 1)));
+        value = static_cast<T>(value << 8);
+    }
+    return pos;
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename = std::enable_if<std::is_unsigned<T>::value>>
+void writeBigEndian(T value, std::function<void(uint8_t)>& cb) {
+    for (unsigned i = 0; i < sizeof(value); ++i) {
+        cb(static_cast<uint8_t>(value >> (8 * (sizeof(value) - 1))));
+        value = static_cast<T>(value << 8);
+    }
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+size_t headerSize(uint64_t addlInfo) {
+    if (addlInfo < ONE_BYTE_LENGTH) return 1;
+    if (addlInfo <= std::numeric_limits<uint8_t>::max()) return 2;
+    if (addlInfo <= std::numeric_limits<uint16_t>::max()) return 3;
+    if (addlInfo <= std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max()) return 5;
+    return 9;
+}
+
+uint8_t* encodeHeader(MajorType type, uint64_t addlInfo, uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) {
+    size_t sz = headerSize(addlInfo);
+    if (end - pos < static_cast<ssize_t>(sz)) return nullptr;
+    switch (sz) {
+        case 1:
+            *pos++ = type | static_cast<uint8_t>(addlInfo);
+            return pos;
+        case 2:
+            *pos++ = type | ONE_BYTE_LENGTH;
+            *pos++ = static_cast<uint8_t>(addlInfo);
+            return pos;
+        case 3:
+            *pos++ = type | TWO_BYTE_LENGTH;
+            return writeBigEndian(static_cast<uint16_t>(addlInfo), pos);
+        case 5:
+            *pos++ = type | FOUR_BYTE_LENGTH;
+            return writeBigEndian(static_cast<uint32_t>(addlInfo), pos);
+        case 9:
+            *pos++ = type | EIGHT_BYTE_LENGTH;
+            return writeBigEndian(addlInfo, pos);
+        default:
+            CHECK(false);  // Impossible to get here.
+            return nullptr;
+    }
+}
+
+void encodeHeader(MajorType type, uint64_t addlInfo, EncodeCallback encodeCallback) {
+    size_t sz = headerSize(addlInfo);
+    switch (sz) {
+        case 1:
+            encodeCallback(type | static_cast<uint8_t>(addlInfo));
+            break;
+        case 2:
+            encodeCallback(type | ONE_BYTE_LENGTH);
+            encodeCallback(static_cast<uint8_t>(addlInfo));
+            break;
+        case 3:
+            encodeCallback(type | TWO_BYTE_LENGTH);
+            writeBigEndian(static_cast<uint16_t>(addlInfo), encodeCallback);
+            break;
+        case 5:
+            encodeCallback(type | FOUR_BYTE_LENGTH);
+            writeBigEndian(static_cast<uint32_t>(addlInfo), encodeCallback);
+            break;
+        case 9:
+            encodeCallback(type | EIGHT_BYTE_LENGTH);
+            writeBigEndian(addlInfo, encodeCallback);
+            break;
+        default:
+            CHECK(false);  // Impossible to get here.
+    }
+}
+
+bool Item::operator==(const Item& other) const& {
+    if (type() != other.type()) return false;
+    switch (type()) {
+        case UINT:
+            return *asUint() == *(other.asUint());
+        case NINT:
+            return *asNint() == *(other.asNint());
+        case BSTR:
+            return *asBstr() == *(other.asBstr());
+        case TSTR:
+            return *asTstr() == *(other.asTstr());
+        case ARRAY:
+            return *asArray() == *(other.asArray());
+        case MAP:
+            return *asMap() == *(other.asMap());
+        case SIMPLE:
+            return *asSimple() == *(other.asSimple());
+        case SEMANTIC:
+            return *asSemantic() == *(other.asSemantic());
+        default:
+            CHECK(false);  // Impossible to get here.
+            return false;
+    }
+}
+
+Nint::Nint(int64_t v) : mValue(v) {
+    CHECK(v < 0) << "Only negative values allowed";
+}
+
+bool Simple::operator==(const Simple& other) const& {
+    if (simpleType() != other.simpleType()) return false;
+
+    switch (simpleType()) {
+        case BOOLEAN:
+            return *asBool() == *(other.asBool());
+        case NULL_T:
+            return true;
+        default:
+            CHECK(false);  // Impossible to get here.
+            return false;
+    }
+}
+
+uint8_t* Bstr::encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const {
+    pos = encodeHeader(mValue.size(), pos, end);
+    if (!pos || end - pos < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(mValue.size())) return nullptr;
+    return std::copy(mValue.begin(), mValue.end(), pos);
+}
+
+void Bstr::encodeValue(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const {
+    for (auto c : mValue) {
+        encodeCallback(c);
+    }
+}
+
+uint8_t* Tstr::encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const {
+    pos = encodeHeader(mValue.size(), pos, end);
+    if (!pos || end - pos < static_cast<ptrdiff_t>(mValue.size())) return nullptr;
+    return std::copy(mValue.begin(), mValue.end(), pos);
+}
+
+void Tstr::encodeValue(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const {
+    for (auto c : mValue) {
+        encodeCallback(static_cast<uint8_t>(c));
+    }
+}
+
+bool CompoundItem::operator==(const CompoundItem& other) const& {
+    return type() == other.type()             //
+           && addlInfo() == other.addlInfo()  //
+           // Can't use vector::operator== because the contents are pointers.  std::equal lets us
+           // provide a predicate that does the dereferencing.
+           && std::equal(mEntries.begin(), mEntries.end(), other.mEntries.begin(),
+                         [](auto& a, auto& b) -> bool { return *a == *b; });
+}
+
+uint8_t* CompoundItem::encode(uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end) const {
+    pos = encodeHeader(addlInfo(), pos, end);
+    if (!pos) return nullptr;
+    for (auto& entry : mEntries) {
+        pos = entry->encode(pos, end);
+        if (!pos) return nullptr;
+    }
+    return pos;
+}
+
+void CompoundItem::encode(EncodeCallback encodeCallback) const {
+    encodeHeader(addlInfo(), encodeCallback);
+    for (auto& entry : mEntries) {
+        entry->encode(encodeCallback);
+    }
+}
+
+void Map::assertInvariant() const {
+    CHECK(mEntries.size() % 2 == 0);
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<Item> Map::clone() const {
+    assertInvariant();
+    auto res = std::make_unique<Map>();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mEntries.size(); i += 2) {
+        res->add(mEntries[i]->clone(), mEntries[i + 1]->clone());
+    }
+    return res;
+}
+
+std::unique_ptr<Item> Array::clone() const {
+    auto res = std::make_unique<Array>();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < mEntries.size(); i++) {
+        res->add(mEntries[i]->clone());
+    }
+    return res;
+}
+
+void Semantic::assertInvariant() const {
+    CHECK(mEntries.size() == 1);
+}
+
+}  // namespace cppbor
diff --git a/identity/support/src/cppbor_parse.cpp b/identity/support/src/cppbor_parse.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c9ebb8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/src/cppbor_parse.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "cppbor_parse.h"
+
+#include <sstream>
+#include <stack>
+
+#define LOG_TAG "CppBor"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+namespace cppbor {
+
+namespace {
+
+std::string insufficientLengthString(size_t bytesNeeded, size_t bytesAvail,
+                                     const std::string& type) {
+    std::stringstream errStream;
+    errStream << "Need " << bytesNeeded << " byte(s) for " << type << ", have " << bytesAvail
+              << ".";
+    return errStream.str();
+}
+
+template <typename T, typename = std::enable_if_t<std::is_unsigned_v<T>>>
+std::tuple<bool, uint64_t, const uint8_t*> parseLength(const uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end,
+                                                       ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    if (pos + sizeof(T) > end) {
+        parseClient->error(pos - 1, insufficientLengthString(sizeof(T), end - pos, "length field"));
+        return {false, 0, pos};
+    }
+
+    const uint8_t* intEnd = pos + sizeof(T);
+    T result = 0;
+    do {
+        result = static_cast<T>((result << 8) | *pos++);
+    } while (pos < intEnd);
+    return {true, result, pos};
+}
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> parseRecursively(const uint8_t* begin, const uint8_t* end,
+                                                          ParseClient* parseClient);
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleUint(uint64_t value, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                                    const uint8_t* hdrEnd,
+                                                    ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> item = std::make_unique<Uint>(value);
+    return {hdrEnd,
+            parseClient->item(item, hdrBegin, hdrEnd /* valueBegin */, hdrEnd /* itemEnd */)};
+}
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleNint(uint64_t value, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                                    const uint8_t* hdrEnd,
+                                                    ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    if (value > std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max()) {
+        parseClient->error(hdrBegin, "NINT values that don't fit in int64_t are not supported.");
+        return {hdrBegin, nullptr /* end parsing */};
+    }
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> item = std::make_unique<Nint>(-1 - static_cast<uint64_t>(value));
+    return {hdrEnd,
+            parseClient->item(item, hdrBegin, hdrEnd /* valueBegin */, hdrEnd /* itemEnd */)};
+}
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleBool(uint64_t value, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                                    const uint8_t* hdrEnd,
+                                                    ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> item = std::make_unique<Bool>(value == TRUE);
+    return {hdrEnd,
+            parseClient->item(item, hdrBegin, hdrEnd /* valueBegin */, hdrEnd /* itemEnd */)};
+}
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleNull(const uint8_t* hdrBegin, const uint8_t* hdrEnd,
+                                                    ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> item = std::make_unique<Null>();
+    return {hdrEnd,
+            parseClient->item(item, hdrBegin, hdrEnd /* valueBegin */, hdrEnd /* itemEnd */)};
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleString(uint64_t length, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                                      const uint8_t* valueBegin, const uint8_t* end,
+                                                      const std::string& errLabel,
+                                                      ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    if (end - valueBegin < static_cast<ssize_t>(length)) {
+        parseClient->error(hdrBegin, insufficientLengthString(length, end - valueBegin, errLabel));
+        return {hdrBegin, nullptr /* end parsing */};
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> item = std::make_unique<T>(valueBegin, valueBegin + length);
+    return {valueBegin + length,
+            parseClient->item(item, hdrBegin, valueBegin, valueBegin + length)};
+}
+
+class IncompleteItem {
+  public:
+    virtual ~IncompleteItem() {}
+    virtual void add(std::unique_ptr<Item> item) = 0;
+};
+
+class IncompleteArray : public Array, public IncompleteItem {
+  public:
+    IncompleteArray(size_t size) : mSize(size) {}
+
+    // We return the "complete" size, rather than the actual size.
+    size_t size() const override { return mSize; }
+
+    void add(std::unique_ptr<Item> item) override {
+        mEntries.reserve(mSize);
+        mEntries.push_back(std::move(item));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    size_t mSize;
+};
+
+class IncompleteMap : public Map, public IncompleteItem {
+  public:
+    IncompleteMap(size_t size) : mSize(size) {}
+
+    // We return the "complete" size, rather than the actual size.
+    size_t size() const override { return mSize; }
+
+    void add(std::unique_ptr<Item> item) override {
+        mEntries.reserve(mSize * 2);
+        mEntries.push_back(std::move(item));
+    }
+
+  private:
+    size_t mSize;
+};
+
+class IncompleteSemantic : public Semantic, public IncompleteItem {
+  public:
+    IncompleteSemantic(uint64_t value) : Semantic(value) {}
+
+    // We return the "complete" size, rather than the actual size.
+    size_t size() const override { return 1; }
+
+    void add(std::unique_ptr<Item> item) override {
+        mEntries.reserve(1);
+        mEntries.push_back(std::move(item));
+    }
+};
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleEntries(size_t entryCount, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                                       const uint8_t* pos, const uint8_t* end,
+                                                       const std::string& typeName,
+                                                       ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    while (entryCount > 0) {
+        --entryCount;
+        if (pos == end) {
+            parseClient->error(hdrBegin, "Not enough entries for " + typeName + ".");
+            return {hdrBegin, nullptr /* end parsing */};
+        }
+        std::tie(pos, parseClient) = parseRecursively(pos, end, parseClient);
+        if (!parseClient) return {hdrBegin, nullptr};
+    }
+    return {pos, parseClient};
+}
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> handleCompound(
+        std::unique_ptr<Item> item, uint64_t entryCount, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+        const uint8_t* valueBegin, const uint8_t* end, const std::string& typeName,
+        ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    parseClient =
+            parseClient->item(item, hdrBegin, valueBegin, valueBegin /* don't know the end yet */);
+    if (!parseClient) return {hdrBegin, nullptr};
+
+    const uint8_t* pos;
+    std::tie(pos, parseClient) =
+            handleEntries(entryCount, hdrBegin, valueBegin, end, typeName, parseClient);
+    if (!parseClient) return {hdrBegin, nullptr};
+
+    return {pos, parseClient->itemEnd(item, hdrBegin, valueBegin, pos)};
+}
+
+std::tuple<const uint8_t*, ParseClient*> parseRecursively(const uint8_t* begin, const uint8_t* end,
+                                                          ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    const uint8_t* pos = begin;
+
+    MajorType type = static_cast<MajorType>(*pos & 0xE0);
+    uint8_t tagInt = *pos & 0x1F;
+    ++pos;
+
+    bool success = true;
+    uint64_t addlData;
+    if (tagInt < ONE_BYTE_LENGTH || tagInt > EIGHT_BYTE_LENGTH) {
+        addlData = tagInt;
+    } else {
+        switch (tagInt) {
+            case ONE_BYTE_LENGTH:
+                std::tie(success, addlData, pos) = parseLength<uint8_t>(pos, end, parseClient);
+                break;
+
+            case TWO_BYTE_LENGTH:
+                std::tie(success, addlData, pos) = parseLength<uint16_t>(pos, end, parseClient);
+                break;
+
+            case FOUR_BYTE_LENGTH:
+                std::tie(success, addlData, pos) = parseLength<uint32_t>(pos, end, parseClient);
+                break;
+
+            case EIGHT_BYTE_LENGTH:
+                std::tie(success, addlData, pos) = parseLength<uint64_t>(pos, end, parseClient);
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                CHECK(false);  //  It's impossible to get here
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!success) return {begin, nullptr};
+
+    switch (type) {
+        case UINT:
+            return handleUint(addlData, begin, pos, parseClient);
+
+        case NINT:
+            return handleNint(addlData, begin, pos, parseClient);
+
+        case BSTR:
+            return handleString<Bstr>(addlData, begin, pos, end, "byte string", parseClient);
+
+        case TSTR:
+            return handleString<Tstr>(addlData, begin, pos, end, "text string", parseClient);
+
+        case ARRAY:
+            return handleCompound(std::make_unique<IncompleteArray>(addlData), addlData, begin, pos,
+                                  end, "array", parseClient);
+
+        case MAP:
+            return handleCompound(std::make_unique<IncompleteMap>(addlData), addlData * 2, begin,
+                                  pos, end, "map", parseClient);
+
+        case SEMANTIC:
+            return handleCompound(std::make_unique<IncompleteSemantic>(addlData), 1, begin, pos,
+                                  end, "semantic", parseClient);
+
+        case SIMPLE:
+            switch (addlData) {
+                case TRUE:
+                case FALSE:
+                    return handleBool(addlData, begin, pos, parseClient);
+                case NULL_V:
+                    return handleNull(begin, pos, parseClient);
+            }
+    }
+    CHECK(false);  // Impossible to get here.
+    return {};
+}
+
+class FullParseClient : public ParseClient {
+  public:
+    virtual ParseClient* item(std::unique_ptr<Item>& item, const uint8_t*, const uint8_t*,
+                              const uint8_t* end) override {
+        if (mParentStack.empty() && !item->isCompound()) {
+            // This is the first and only item.
+            mTheItem = std::move(item);
+            mPosition = end;
+            return nullptr;  //  We're done.
+        }
+
+        if (item->isCompound()) {
+            // Starting a new compound data item, i.e. a new parent.  Save it on the parent stack.
+            // It's safe to save a raw pointer because the unique_ptr is guaranteed to stay in
+            // existence until the corresponding itemEnd() call.
+            assert(dynamic_cast<CompoundItem*>(item.get()));
+            mParentStack.push(static_cast<CompoundItem*>(item.get()));
+            return this;
+        } else {
+            appendToLastParent(std::move(item));
+            return this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    virtual ParseClient* itemEnd(std::unique_ptr<Item>& item, const uint8_t*, const uint8_t*,
+                                 const uint8_t* end) override {
+        CHECK(item->isCompound() && item.get() == mParentStack.top());
+        mParentStack.pop();
+
+        if (mParentStack.empty()) {
+            mTheItem = std::move(item);
+            mPosition = end;
+            return nullptr;  // We're done
+        } else {
+            appendToLastParent(std::move(item));
+            return this;
+        }
+    }
+
+    virtual void error(const uint8_t* position, const std::string& errorMessage) override {
+        mPosition = position;
+        mErrorMessage = errorMessage;
+    }
+
+    std::tuple<std::unique_ptr<Item> /* result */, const uint8_t* /* newPos */,
+               std::string /* errMsg */>
+    parseResult() {
+        std::unique_ptr<Item> p = std::move(mTheItem);
+        return {std::move(p), mPosition, std::move(mErrorMessage)};
+    }
+
+  private:
+    void appendToLastParent(std::unique_ptr<Item> item) {
+        auto parent = mParentStack.top();
+        assert(dynamic_cast<IncompleteItem*>(parent));
+        if (parent->type() == ARRAY) {
+            static_cast<IncompleteArray*>(parent)->add(std::move(item));
+        } else if (parent->type() == MAP) {
+            static_cast<IncompleteMap*>(parent)->add(std::move(item));
+        } else if (parent->type() == SEMANTIC) {
+            static_cast<IncompleteSemantic*>(parent)->add(std::move(item));
+        } else {
+            CHECK(false);  // Impossible to get here.
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> mTheItem;
+    std::stack<CompoundItem*> mParentStack;
+    const uint8_t* mPosition = nullptr;
+    std::string mErrorMessage;
+};
+
+}  // anonymous namespace
+
+void parse(const uint8_t* begin, const uint8_t* end, ParseClient* parseClient) {
+    parseRecursively(begin, end, parseClient);
+}
+
+std::tuple<std::unique_ptr<Item> /* result */, const uint8_t* /* newPos */,
+           std::string /* errMsg */>
+parse(const uint8_t* begin, const uint8_t* end) {
+    FullParseClient parseClient;
+    parse(begin, end, &parseClient);
+    return parseClient.parseResult();
+}
+
+}  // namespace cppbor
diff --git a/identity/support/tests/IdentityCredentialSupportTest.cpp b/identity/support/tests/IdentityCredentialSupportTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c356549
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/tests/IdentityCredentialSupportTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,446 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/identity/support/IdentityCredentialSupport.h>
+
+#include <cppbor.h>
+#include <cppbor_parse.h>
+
+using std::optional;
+using std::string;
+using std::vector;
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace identity {
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, encodeHex) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("", support::encodeHex(vector<uint8_t>({})));
+    EXPECT_EQ("01", support::encodeHex(vector<uint8_t>({1})));
+    EXPECT_EQ("000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f10",
+              support::encodeHex(
+                      vector<uint8_t>({0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16})));
+    EXPECT_EQ("0102ffe060", support::encodeHex(vector<uint8_t>({1, 2, 255, 224, 96})));
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, decodeHex) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(vector<uint8_t>({}), support::decodeHex(""));
+    EXPECT_EQ(vector<uint8_t>({1}), support::decodeHex("01"));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(vector<uint8_t>({0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16}),
+              support::decodeHex("000102030405060708090a0b0c0d0e0f10"));
+
+    EXPECT_FALSE(support::decodeHex("0g"));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(support::decodeHex("0"));
+    EXPECT_FALSE(support::decodeHex("012"));
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CborPrettyPrint) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("'Some text'", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Tstr("Some text").encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("''", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Tstr("").encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("{0x01, 0x00, 0x02, 0xf0, 0xff, 0x40}",
+              support::cborPrettyPrint(
+                      cppbor::Bstr(vector<uint8_t>({1, 0, 2, 240, 255, 64})).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("{}", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Bstr(vector<uint8_t>()).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("true", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Bool(true).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("false", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Bool(false).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("42", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Uint(42).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("9223372036854775807",  // 0x7fff ffff ffff ffff
+              support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Uint(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max()).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("-42", support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Nint(-42).encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("-9223372036854775808",  // -0x8000 0000 0000 0000
+              support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Nint(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min()).encode()));
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CborPrettyPrintCompound) {
+    cppbor::Array array = cppbor::Array("foo", "bar", "baz");
+    EXPECT_EQ("['foo', 'bar', 'baz', ]", support::cborPrettyPrint(array.encode()));
+
+    cppbor::Map map = cppbor::Map().add("foo", 42).add("bar", 43).add("baz", 44);
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "{\n"
+            "  'foo' : 42,\n"
+            "  'bar' : 43,\n"
+            "  'baz' : 44,\n"
+            "}",
+            support::cborPrettyPrint(map.encode()));
+
+    cppbor::Array array2 = cppbor::Array(cppbor::Tstr("Some text"), cppbor::Nint(-42));
+    EXPECT_EQ("['Some text', -42, ]", support::cborPrettyPrint(array2.encode()));
+
+    cppbor::Map map2 = cppbor::Map().add(42, "foo").add(43, "bar").add(44, "baz");
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "{\n"
+            "  42 : 'foo',\n"
+            "  43 : 'bar',\n"
+            "  44 : 'baz',\n"
+            "}",
+            support::cborPrettyPrint(map2.encode()));
+
+    cppbor::Array deeplyNestedArrays =
+            cppbor::Array(cppbor::Array(cppbor::Array("a", "b", "c")),
+                          cppbor::Array(cppbor::Array("d", "e", cppbor::Array("f", "g"))));
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  ['a', 'b', 'c', ],\n"
+            "  [\n    'd',\n"
+            "    'e',\n"
+            "    ['f', 'g', ],\n"
+            "  ],\n"
+            "]",
+            support::cborPrettyPrint(deeplyNestedArrays.encode()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {0x0a, 0x0b},\n"
+            "  'foo',\n"
+            "  42,\n"
+            "  ['foo', 'bar', 'baz', ],\n"
+            "  {\n"
+            "    'foo' : 42,\n"
+            "    'bar' : 43,\n"
+            "    'baz' : 44,\n"
+            "  },\n"
+            "  {\n"
+            "    'deep1' : ['Some text', -42, ],\n"
+            "    'deep2' : {\n"
+            "      42 : 'foo',\n"
+            "      43 : 'bar',\n"
+            "      44 : 'baz',\n"
+            "    },\n"
+            "  },\n"
+            "]",
+            support::cborPrettyPrint(cppbor::Array(cppbor::Bstr(vector<uint8_t>{10, 11}),
+                                                   cppbor::Tstr("foo"), cppbor::Uint(42),
+                                                   std::move(array), std::move(map),
+                                                   (cppbor::Map()
+                                                            .add("deep1", std::move(array2))
+                                                            .add("deep2", std::move(map2))))
+                                             .encode()));
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, Signatures) {
+    vector<uint8_t> data = {1, 2, 3};
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(keyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(privKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pubKey);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> signature = support::signEcDsa(privKey.value(), data);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+            support::checkEcDsaSignature(support::sha256(data), signature.value(), pubKey.value()));
+
+    // Manipulate the signature, check that verification fails.
+    vector<uint8_t> modifiedSignature = signature.value();
+    modifiedSignature[0] ^= 0xff;
+    ASSERT_FALSE(
+            support::checkEcDsaSignature(support::sha256(data), modifiedSignature, pubKey.value()));
+
+    // Manipulate the data being checked, check that verification fails.
+    vector<uint8_t> modifiedDigest = support::sha256(data);
+    modifiedDigest[0] ^= 0xff;
+    ASSERT_FALSE(support::checkEcDsaSignature(modifiedDigest, signature.value(), pubKey.value()));
+}
+
+string replaceLine(const string& str, ssize_t lineNumber, const string& replacement) {
+    vector<string> lines;
+    std::istringstream f(str);
+    string s;
+    while (std::getline(f, s, '\n')) {
+        lines.push_back(s);
+    }
+
+    size_t numLines = lines.size();
+    if (lineNumber < 0) {
+        lineNumber = numLines - (-lineNumber);
+    }
+
+    string ret;
+    size_t n = 0;
+    for (const string& line : lines) {
+        if (n == lineNumber) {
+            ret += replacement + "\n";
+        } else {
+            ret += line + "\n";
+        }
+        n++;
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CoseSignatures) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(keyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(privKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pubKey);
+
+    vector<uint8_t> data = {1, 2, 3};
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSign1 = support::coseSignEcDsa(
+            privKey.value(), data, {} /* detachedContent */, {} /* x5chain */);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(support::coseCheckEcDsaSignature(coseSign1.value(), {} /* detachedContent */,
+                                                 pubKey.value()));
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> payload = support::coseSignGetPayload(coseSign1.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(payload);
+    ASSERT_EQ(data, payload.value());
+
+    // Finally, check that |coseSign1| are the bytes of a valid COSE_Sign1 message
+    string out = support::cborPrettyPrint(coseSign1.value());
+    out = replaceLine(out, -2, "  [] // Signature Removed");
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {0xa1, 0x01, 0x26},\n"  // Bytes of {1:-7} 1 is 'alg' label and -7 is "ECDSA 256"
+            "  {},\n"
+            "  {0x01, 0x02, 0x03},\n"
+            "  [] // Signature Removed\n"
+            "]\n",
+            out);
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CoseSignaturesAdditionalData) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(keyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(privKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pubKey);
+
+    vector<uint8_t> detachedContent = {1, 2, 3};
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSign1 = support::coseSignEcDsa(privKey.value(), {} /* data */,
+                                                                 detachedContent, {} /* x5chain */);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+            support::coseCheckEcDsaSignature(coseSign1.value(), detachedContent, pubKey.value()));
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> payload = support::coseSignGetPayload(coseSign1.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(payload);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, payload.value().size());
+
+    // Finally, check that |coseSign1| are the bytes of a valid COSE_Sign1 message
+    string out = support::cborPrettyPrint(coseSign1.value());
+    out = replaceLine(out, -2, "  [] // Signature Removed");
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {0xa1, 0x01, 0x26},\n"  // Bytes of {1:-7} 1 is 'alg' label and -7 is "ECDSA 256"
+            "  {},\n"
+            "  null,\n"
+            "  [] // Signature Removed\n"
+            "]\n",
+            out);
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> generateCertChain(size_t numCerts) {
+    vector<vector<uint8_t>> certs;
+
+    for (size_t n = 0; n < numCerts; n++) {
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+
+        optional<vector<uint8_t>> cert = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+                pubKey.value(), privKey.value(), "0001", "someIssuer", "someSubject", 0, 0);
+        certs.push_back(cert.value());
+    }
+    return support::certificateChainJoin(certs);
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CoseSignaturesX5ChainWithSingleCert) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(keyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(privKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pubKey);
+
+    vector<uint8_t> certChain = generateCertChain(1);
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> splitCerts = support::certificateChainSplit(certChain);
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, splitCerts.value().size());
+
+    vector<uint8_t> detachedContent = {1, 2, 3};
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSign1 =
+            support::coseSignEcDsa(privKey.value(), {} /* data */, detachedContent, certChain);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+            support::coseCheckEcDsaSignature(coseSign1.value(), detachedContent, pubKey.value()));
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> payload = support::coseSignGetPayload(coseSign1.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(payload);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, payload.value().size());
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> certsRecovered = support::coseSignGetX5Chain(coseSign1.value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(certsRecovered.value(), certChain);
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CoseSignaturesX5ChainWithMultipleCerts) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(keyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(privKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pubKey);
+
+    vector<uint8_t> certChain = generateCertChain(5);
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> splitCerts = support::certificateChainSplit(certChain);
+    ASSERT_EQ(5, splitCerts.value().size());
+
+    vector<uint8_t> detachedContent = {1, 2, 3};
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> coseSign1 =
+            support::coseSignEcDsa(privKey.value(), {} /* data */, detachedContent, certChain);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(
+            support::coseCheckEcDsaSignature(coseSign1.value(), detachedContent, pubKey.value()));
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> payload = support::coseSignGetPayload(coseSign1.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(payload);
+    ASSERT_EQ(0, payload.value().size());
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> certsRecovered = support::coseSignGetX5Chain(coseSign1.value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(certsRecovered.value(), certChain);
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CertificateChain) {
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> keyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(keyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> privKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(privKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> pubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(pubKey);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> cert = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+            pubKey.value(), privKey.value(), "0001", "someIssuer", "someSubject", 0, 0);
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> extractedPubKey =
+            support::certificateChainGetTopMostKey(cert.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(extractedPubKey);
+    ASSERT_EQ(pubKey.value(), extractedPubKey.value());
+
+    // We expect to the chain returned by ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate() to only have a
+    // single element
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> splitCerts = support::certificateChainSplit(cert.value());
+    ASSERT_EQ(1, splitCerts.value().size());
+    ASSERT_EQ(splitCerts.value()[0], cert.value());
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> otherKeyPair = support::createEcKeyPair();
+    ASSERT_TRUE(otherKeyPair);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> otherPrivKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPrivateKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(otherPrivKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> otherPubKey = support::ecKeyPairGetPublicKey(keyPair.value());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(otherPubKey);
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> otherCert = support::ecPublicKeyGenerateCertificate(
+            otherPubKey.value(), privKey.value(), "0001", "someIssuer", "someSubject", 0, 0);
+
+    // Now both cert and otherCert are two distinct certificates. Let's make a
+    // chain and check that certificateChainSplit() works as expected.
+    ASSERT_NE(cert.value(), otherCert.value());
+    const vector<vector<uint8_t>> certs2 = {cert.value(), otherCert.value()};
+    vector<uint8_t> certs2combined = support::certificateChainJoin(certs2);
+    ASSERT_EQ(certs2combined.size(), cert.value().size() + otherCert.value().size());
+    optional<vector<vector<uint8_t>>> splitCerts2 = support::certificateChainSplit(certs2combined);
+    ASSERT_EQ(certs2, splitCerts2.value());
+}
+
+vector<uint8_t> strToVec(const string& str) {
+    vector<uint8_t> ret;
+    size_t size = str.size();
+    ret.resize(size);
+    memcpy(ret.data(), str.data(), size);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+// Test vector from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, hmacSha256) {
+    vector<uint8_t> key = strToVec("key");
+    vector<uint8_t> data = strToVec("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog");
+
+    vector<uint8_t> expected =
+            support::decodeHex("f7bc83f430538424b13298e6aa6fb143ef4d59a14946175997479dbc2d1a3cd8")
+                    .value();
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> hmac = support::hmacSha256(key, data);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(hmac);
+    ASSERT_EQ(expected, hmac.value());
+}
+
+// See also CoseMac0 test in UtilUnitTest.java inside cts/tests/tests/identity/
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CoseMac0) {
+    vector<uint8_t> key;
+    key.resize(32);
+    vector<uint8_t> data = {0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13};
+    vector<uint8_t> detachedContent = {};
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> mac = support::coseMac0(key, data, detachedContent);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mac);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {0xa1, 0x01, 0x05},\n"
+            "  {},\n"
+            "  {0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13},\n"
+            "  {0x6c, 0xec, 0xb5, 0x6a, 0xc9, 0x5c, 0xae, 0x3b, 0x41, 0x13, 0xde, 0xa4, 0xd8, "
+            "0x86, 0x5c, 0x28, 0x2c, 0xd5, 0xa5, 0x13, 0xff, 0x3b, 0xd1, 0xde, 0x70, 0x5e, 0xbb, "
+            "0xe2, 0x2d, 0x42, 0xbe, 0x53},\n"
+            "]",
+            support::cborPrettyPrint(mac.value()));
+}
+
+TEST(IdentityCredentialSupport, CoseMac0DetachedContent) {
+    vector<uint8_t> key;
+    key.resize(32);
+    vector<uint8_t> data = {};
+    vector<uint8_t> detachedContent = {0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13};
+
+    optional<vector<uint8_t>> mac = support::coseMac0(key, data, detachedContent);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(mac);
+
+    // Same HMAC as in CoseMac0 test, only difference is that payload is null.
+    EXPECT_EQ(
+            "[\n"
+            "  {0xa1, 0x01, 0x05},\n"
+            "  {},\n"
+            "  null,\n"
+            "  {0x6c, 0xec, 0xb5, 0x6a, 0xc9, 0x5c, 0xae, 0x3b, 0x41, 0x13, 0xde, 0xa4, 0xd8, "
+            "0x86, 0x5c, 0x28, 0x2c, 0xd5, 0xa5, 0x13, 0xff, 0x3b, 0xd1, 0xde, 0x70, 0x5e, 0xbb, "
+            "0xe2, 0x2d, 0x42, 0xbe, 0x53},\n"
+            "]",
+            support::cborPrettyPrint(mac.value()));
+}
+
+}  // namespace identity
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/identity/support/tests/cppbor_test.cpp b/identity/support/tests/cppbor_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3eb5598
--- /dev/null
+++ b/identity/support/tests/cppbor_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,1013 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <sstream>
+
+#include <gmock/gmock.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+#include "cppbor.h"
+#include "cppbor_parse.h"
+
+using namespace cppbor;
+using namespace std;
+
+using ::testing::_;
+using ::testing::AllOf;
+using ::testing::ByRef;
+using ::testing::InSequence;
+using ::testing::IsNull;
+using ::testing::NotNull;
+using ::testing::Return;
+using ::testing::Truly;
+using ::testing::Unused;
+
+string hexDump(const string& str) {
+    stringstream s;
+    for (auto c : str) {
+        s << setfill('0') << setw(2) << hex << (static_cast<unsigned>(c) & 0xff);
+    }
+    return s.str();
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueTest, UnsignedValueSizes) {
+    // Check that unsigned integers encode to correct lengths, and that encodedSize() is correct.
+    vector<pair<uint64_t /* value */, size_t /* expected encoded size */>> testCases{
+            {0, 1},
+            {1, 1},
+            {23, 1},
+            {24, 2},
+            {255, 2},
+            {256, 3},
+            {65535, 3},
+            {65536, 5},
+            {4294967295, 5},
+            {4294967296, 9},
+            {std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(), 9},
+    };
+    for (auto& testCase : testCases) {
+        Uint val(testCase.first);
+        EXPECT_EQ(testCase.second, val.encodedSize()) << "Wrong size for value " << testCase.first;
+        EXPECT_EQ(val.encodedSize(), val.toString().size())
+                << "encodedSize and encoding disagree for value " << testCase.first;
+    }
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueTest, UnsignedValueEncodings) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, Uint(0u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x01"s, Uint(1u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x0a"s, Uint(10u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x17"s, Uint(23u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x18\x18"s, Uint(24u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x18\x19"s, Uint(25u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x18\x64"s, Uint(100u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x19\x03\xe8"s, Uint(1000u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x1a\x00\x0f\x42\x40"s, Uint(1000000u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x1b\x00\x00\x00\xe8\xd4\xa5\x10\x00"s, Uint(1000000000000u).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x1B\x7f\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff"s,
+              Uint(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::max()).toString());
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueTest, NegativeValueEncodings) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x20"s, Nint(-1).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x28"s, Nint(-9).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x29"s, Nint(-10).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x36"s, Nint(-23).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x37"s, Nint(-24).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x38\x18"s, Nint(-25).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x38\x62"s, Nint(-99).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x38\x63"s, Nint(-100).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x39\x03\xe6"s, Nint(-999).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x39\x03\xe7"s, Nint(-1000).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x3a\x00\x0f\x42\x3F"s, Nint(-1000000).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x3b\x00\x00\x00\xe8\xd4\xa5\x0f\xff"s, Nint(-1000000000000).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x3B\x7f\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff"s,
+              Nint(std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min()).toString());
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueDeathTest, NegativeValueEncodings) {
+    EXPECT_DEATH(Nint(0), "");
+    EXPECT_DEATH(Nint(1), "");
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueTest, BooleanEncodings) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xf4"s, Bool(false).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xf5"s, Bool(true).toString());
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueTest, ByteStringEncodings) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x40", Bstr("").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x41\x61", Bstr("a").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x41\x41", Bstr("A").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x44\x49\x45\x54\x46", Bstr("IETF").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x42\x22\x5c", Bstr("\"\\").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x42\xc3\xbc", Bstr("\xc3\xbc").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\xe6\xb0\xb4", Bstr("\xe6\xb0\xb4").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x44\xf0\x90\x85\x91", Bstr("\xf0\x90\x85\x91").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x44\x01\x02\x03\x04", Bstr("\x01\x02\x03\x04").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x44\x40\x40\x40\x40", Bstr("@@@@").toString());
+}
+
+TEST(SimpleValueTest, TextStringEncodings) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x60"s, Tstr("").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x61\x61"s, Tstr("a").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x61\x41"s, Tstr("A").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x64\x49\x45\x54\x46"s, Tstr("IETF").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x62\x22\x5c"s, Tstr("\"\\").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x62\xc3\xbc"s, Tstr("\xc3\xbc").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x63\xe6\xb0\xb4"s, Tstr("\xe6\xb0\xb4").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x64\xf0\x90\x85\x91"s, Tstr("\xf0\x90\x85\x91").toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x64\x01\x02\x03\x04"s, Tstr("\x01\x02\x03\x04").toString());
+}
+
+TEST(IsIteratorPairOverTest, All) {
+    EXPECT_TRUE((
+            details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<string::iterator, string::iterator>, char>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<string::const_iterator, string::iterator>,
+                                                char>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<string::iterator, string::const_iterator>,
+                                                char>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<char*, char*>, char>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<const char*, char*>, char>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<char*, const char*>, char>::value));
+    EXPECT_FALSE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<string::iterator, string::iterator>,
+                                                 uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_FALSE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<char*, char*>, uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<
+                 pair<vector<uint8_t>::iterator, vector<uint8_t>::iterator>, uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<
+                 pair<vector<uint8_t>::const_iterator, vector<uint8_t>::iterator>,
+                 uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<
+                 pair<vector<uint8_t>::iterator, vector<uint8_t>::const_iterator>,
+                 uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<uint8_t*, uint8_t*>, uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<const uint8_t*, uint8_t*>, uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_TRUE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<uint8_t*, const uint8_t*>, uint8_t>::value));
+    EXPECT_FALSE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<
+                  pair<vector<uint8_t>::iterator, vector<uint8_t>::iterator>, char>::value));
+    EXPECT_FALSE((details::is_iterator_pair_over<pair<uint8_t*, const uint8_t*>, char>::value));
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, Boolean) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xf4"s, details::makeItem(false)->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, Integers) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<uint8_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<uint16_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<uint32_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<uint64_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int8_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int16_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int32_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int64_t>(0))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x20"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int8_t>(-1))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x20"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int16_t>(-1))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x20"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int32_t>(-1))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x20"s, details::makeItem(static_cast<int64_t>(-1))->toString());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x1b\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff"s,
+              details::makeItem(static_cast<uint64_t>(std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()))
+                      ->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, StdStrings) {
+    string s1("hello");
+    const string s2("hello");
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(s1)->toString());  // copy of string
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s,
+              details::makeItem(s2)->toString());  // copy of const string
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s,
+              details::makeItem(std::move(s1))->toString());  // move string
+    EXPECT_EQ(0U, s1.size());                                 // Prove string was moved, not copied.
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, StdStringViews) {
+    string_view s1("hello");
+    const string_view s2("hello");
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(s1)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(s2)->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, CStrings) {
+    char s1[] = "hello";
+    const char s2[] = "hello";
+    const char* s3 = "hello";
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(s1)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(s2)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(s3)->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, StringIteratorPairs) {
+    // Use iterators from string to prove that "real" iterators work
+    string s1 = "hello"s;
+    pair<string::iterator, string::iterator> p1 = make_pair(s1.begin(), s1.end());
+
+    const pair<string::iterator, string::iterator> p2 = p1;
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(p1)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(p2)->toString());
+
+    // Use char*s  as iterators
+    const char* s2 = "hello";
+    pair p3 = make_pair(s2, s2 + 5);
+    const pair p4 = p3;
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(p3)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(p4)->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, ByteStrings) {
+    vector<uint8_t> v1 = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02};
+    const vector<uint8_t> v2 = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02};
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(v1)->toString());  // copy of vector
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(v2)->toString());  // copy of const vector
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(std::move(v1))->toString());  // move vector
+    EXPECT_EQ(0U, v1.size());  // Prove vector was moved, not copied.
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, ByteStringIteratorPairs) {
+    using vec = vector<uint8_t>;
+    using iter = vec::iterator;
+    vec v1 = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02};
+    pair<iter, iter> p1 = make_pair(v1.begin(), v1.end());
+    const pair<iter, iter> p2 = make_pair(v1.begin(), v1.end());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(p1)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(p2)->toString());
+
+    // Use uint8_t*s as iterators
+    uint8_t v2[] = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02};
+    uint8_t* v3 = v2;
+    pair<uint8_t*, uint8_t*> p3 = make_pair(v2, v2 + 3);
+    const pair<uint8_t*, uint8_t*> p4 = make_pair(v2, v2 + 3);
+    pair<uint8_t*, uint8_t*> p5 = make_pair(v3, v3 + 3);
+    const pair<uint8_t*, uint8_t*> p6 = make_pair(v3, v3 + 3);
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(p3)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(p4)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(p5)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(p6)->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, ByteStringBuffers) {
+    uint8_t v1[] = {0x00, 0x01, 0x02};
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s, details::makeItem(make_pair(v1, 3))->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, ItemPointer) {
+    Uint* p1 = new Uint(0);
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(p1)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x60"s, details::makeItem(new Tstr(string()))->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(MakeEntryTest, ItemReference) {
+    Tstr str("hello"s);
+    Tstr& strRef = str;
+    const Tstr& strConstRef = str;
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(str)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(strRef)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(strConstRef)->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x65\x68\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"s, details::makeItem(std::move(str))->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x60"s, details::makeItem(str)->toString());  // Prove that it moved
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x00"s, details::makeItem(Uint(0))->toString());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x43\x00\x01\x02"s,
+              details::makeItem(Bstr(vector<uint8_t>{0x00, 0x01, 0x02}))->toString());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x80"s, details::makeItem(Array())->toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xa0"s, details::makeItem(Map())->toString());
+}
+
+TEST(CompoundValueTest, ArrayOfInts) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x80"s, Array().toString());
+    Array(Uint(0)).toString();
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x81\x00"s, Array(Uint(0U)).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x82\x00\x01"s, Array(Uint(0), Uint(1)).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x83\x00\x01\x38\x62"s, Array(Uint(0), Uint(1), Nint(-99)).toString());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x81\x00"s, Array(0).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x82\x00\x01"s, Array(0, 1).toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x83\x00\x01\x38\x62"s, Array(0, 1, -99).toString());
+}
+
+TEST(CompoundValueTest, MapOfInts) {
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xA0"s, Map().toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xA1\x00\x01"s, Map(Uint(0), Uint(1)).toString());
+    // Maps with an odd number of arguments will fail to compile.  Uncomment the next lines to test.
+    // EXPECT_EQ("\xA1\x00"s, Map(Int(0)).toString());
+    // EXPECT_EQ("\xA1\x00\x01\x02"s, Map(Int(0), Int(1), Int(2)).toString());
+}
+
+TEST(CompoundValueTest, MixedArray) {
+    vector<uint8_t> vec = {3, 2, 1};
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x84\x01\x20\x43\x03\x02\x01\x65\x68\x65\x6C\x6C\x6F"s,
+              Array(Uint(1), Nint(-1), Bstr(vec), Tstr("hello")).toString());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\x84\x01\x20\x43\x03\x02\x01\x65\x68\x65\x6C\x6C\x6F"s,
+              Array(1, -1, vec, "hello").toString());
+}
+
+TEST(CompoundValueTest, MixedMap) {
+    vector<uint8_t> vec = {3, 2, 1};
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xA2\x01\x20\x43\x03\x02\x01\x65\x68\x65\x6C\x6C\x6F"s,
+              Map(Uint(1), Nint(-1), Bstr(vec), Tstr("hello")).toString());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("\xA2\x01\x20\x43\x03\x02\x01\x65\x68\x65\x6C\x6C\x6F"s,
+              Map(1, -1, vec, "hello").toString());
+}
+
+TEST(CompoundValueTest, NestedStructures) {
+    vector<uint8_t> vec = {3, 2, 1};
+
+    string expectedEncoding =
+            "\xA2\x66\x4F\x75\x74\x65\x72\x31\x82\xA2\x66\x49\x6E\x6E\x65\x72\x31\x18\x63\x66\x49"
+            "\x6E"
+            "\x6E\x65\x72\x32\x43\x03\x02\x01\x63\x66\x6F\x6F\x66\x4F\x75\x74\x65\x72\x32\x0A"s;
+
+    // Do it with explicitly-created Items
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedEncoding,
+              Map(Tstr("Outer1"),
+                  Array(  //
+                          Map(Tstr("Inner1"), Uint(99), Tstr("Inner2"), Bstr(vec)), Tstr("foo")),
+                  Tstr("Outer2"),  //
+                  Uint(10))
+                      .toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ(3U, vec.size());
+
+    // Now just use convertible types
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedEncoding, Map("Outer1",
+                                    Array(Map("Inner1", 99,  //
+                                              "Inner2", vec),
+                                          "foo"),
+                                    "Outer2", 10)
+                                        .toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ(3U, vec.size());
+
+    // Finally, do it with the .add() method.  This is slightly less efficient, but has the
+    // advantage you can build a structure up incrementally, or somewhat fluently if you like.
+    // First, fluently.
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedEncoding, Map().add("Outer1", Array().add(Map()  //
+                                                                        .add("Inner1", 99)
+                                                                        .add("Inner2", vec))
+                                                            .add("foo"))
+                                        .add("Outer2", 10)
+                                        .toString());
+    EXPECT_EQ(3U, vec.size());
+
+    // Next, more incrementally
+    Array arr;
+    arr.add(Map()  //
+                    .add("Inner1", 99)
+                    .add("Inner2", vec))
+            .add("foo");
+    EXPECT_EQ(3U, vec.size());
+
+    Map m;
+    m.add("Outer1", std::move(arr));  // Moving is necessary; Map and Array cannot be copied.
+    m.add("Outer2", 10);
+    auto s = m.toString();
+    EXPECT_EQ(expectedEncoding, s);
+}
+
+TEST(EncodingMethodsTest, AllVariants) {
+    Map map;
+    map.add("key1", Array().add(Map()  //
+                                        .add("key_a", 9999999)
+                                        .add("key_b", std::vector<uint8_t>{0x01, 0x02, 0x03})
+                                        .add("key_c", std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max())
+                                        .add("key_d", std::numeric_limits<int16_t>::min()))
+                            .add("foo"))
+            .add("key2", true);
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buf;
+    buf.resize(map.encodedSize());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(buf.data() + buf.size(), map.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(buf, map.encode());
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buf2;
+    map.encode(std::back_inserter(buf2));
+    EXPECT_EQ(buf, buf2);
+
+    auto iter = buf.begin();
+    map.encode([&](uint8_t c) { EXPECT_EQ(c, *iter++); });
+}
+
+TEST(EncodingMethodsTest, UintWithTooShortBuf) {
+    Uint val(100000);
+    vector<uint8_t> buf(val.encodedSize() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, val.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+}
+
+TEST(EncodingMethodsTest, TstrWithTooShortBuf) {
+    Tstr val("01234567890123456789012345"s);
+    vector<uint8_t> buf(1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, val.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+
+    buf.resize(val.encodedSize() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, val.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+}
+
+TEST(EncodingMethodsTest, BstrWithTooShortBuf) {
+    Bstr val("01234567890123456789012345"s);
+    vector<uint8_t> buf(1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, val.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+
+    buf.resize(val.encodedSize() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, val.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+}
+
+TEST(EncodingMethodsTest, ArrayWithTooShortBuf) {
+    Array val("a", 5, -100);
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buf(val.encodedSize() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, val.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+}
+
+TEST(EncodingMethodsTest, MapWithTooShortBuf) {
+    Map map;
+    map.add("key1", Array().add(Map()  //
+                                        .add("key_a", 99)
+                                        .add("key_b", std::vector<uint8_t>{0x01, 0x02, 0x03}))
+                            .add("foo"))
+            .add("key2", true);
+
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buf(map.encodedSize() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, map.encode(buf.data(), buf.data() + buf.size()));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Uint) {
+    Uint val(99);
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Uint(99));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(98));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(false));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Nint) {
+    Nint val(-1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Nint(-1));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-4));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(false));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Tstr) {
+    Tstr val("99");
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Tstr("99"));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-4));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("98"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(false));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Bstr) {
+    Bstr val("99");
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Bstr("99"));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-4));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("98"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(false));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Bool) {
+    Bool val(false);
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Bool(false));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-4));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("98"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(true));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Array) {
+    Array val(99, 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Array(99, 1));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-4));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("98"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(true));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 2));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(98, 1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 1, 2));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1));
+}
+
+TEST(EqualityTest, Map) {
+    Map val(99, 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(val, Map(99, 1));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Uint(99));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Nint(-4));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Tstr("99"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bstr("98"));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Bool(true));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Array(99, 1));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 2));
+    EXPECT_NE(val, Map(99, 1, 99, 2));
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Uint) {
+    unique_ptr<Item> item = details::makeItem(10);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(UINT, item->type());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(10, item->asInt()->value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(10, item->asUint()->value());
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Nint) {
+    unique_ptr<Item> item = details::makeItem(-10);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(NINT, item->type());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(-10, item->asInt()->value());
+    EXPECT_EQ(-10, item->asNint()->value());
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Tstr) {
+    unique_ptr<Item> item = details::makeItem("hello");
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(TSTR, item->type());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ("hello"s, item->asTstr()->value());
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Bstr) {
+    vector<uint8_t> vec{0x23, 0x24, 0x22};
+    unique_ptr<Item> item = details::makeItem(vec);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(BSTR, item->type());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(vec, item->asBstr()->value());
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Bool) {
+    unique_ptr<Item> item = details::makeItem(false);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(SIMPLE, item->type());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(BOOLEAN, item->asSimple()->simpleType());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asSimple()->asBool());
+
+    EXPECT_FALSE(item->asSimple()->asBool()->value());
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Map) {
+    unique_ptr<Item> item(new Map);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(MAP, item->type());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(0U, item->asMap()->size());
+}
+
+TEST(ConvertTest, Array) {
+    unique_ptr<Item> item(new Array);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(ARRAY, item->type());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asInt());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asUint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asNint());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asTstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asBstr());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asSimple());
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item->asMap());
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, item->asArray());
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(0U, item->asArray()->size());
+}
+
+class MockParseClient : public ParseClient {
+  public:
+    MOCK_METHOD4(item, ParseClient*(std::unique_ptr<Item>& item, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                    const uint8_t* valueBegin, const uint8_t* end));
+    MOCK_METHOD4(itemEnd, ParseClient*(std::unique_ptr<Item>& item, const uint8_t* hdrBegin,
+                                       const uint8_t* valueBegin, const uint8_t* end));
+    MOCK_METHOD2(error, void(const uint8_t* position, const std::string& errorMessage));
+};
+
+MATCHER_P(IsType, value, std::string("Type ") + (negation ? "doesn't match" : "matches")) {
+    return arg->type() == value;
+}
+
+MATCHER_P(MatchesItem, value, "") {
+    return arg && *arg == value;
+}
+
+MATCHER_P(IsArrayOfSize, value, "") {
+    return arg->type() == ARRAY && arg->asArray()->size() == value;
+}
+
+MATCHER_P(IsMapOfSize, value, "") {
+    return arg->type() == MAP && arg->asMap()->size() == value;
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Uint) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Uint val(100);
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(val), encBegin, encEnd, encEnd)).WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _)).Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Nint) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Nint val(-10);
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(val), encBegin, encEnd, encEnd)).WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _)).Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Bool) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Bool val(true);
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(val), encBegin, encEnd, encEnd)).WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _)).Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Tstr) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Tstr val("Hello");
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(val), encBegin, encBegin + 1, encEnd)).WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _)).Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Bstr) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Bstr val("Hello");
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(val), encBegin, encBegin + 1, encEnd)).WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _)).Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Array) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Array val("Hello", 4, Array(-9, "Goodbye"), std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+    ASSERT_NE(val[2]->asArray(), nullptr);
+    const Array& interior = *(val[2]->asArray());
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    {
+        InSequence s;
+        const uint8_t* pos = encBegin;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(IsArrayOfSize(val.size()), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*val[0])), pos, pos + 1, pos + 6))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        pos += 6;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*val[1])), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        const uint8_t* innerArrayBegin = pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(IsArrayOfSize(interior.size()), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*interior[0])), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*interior[1])), pos, pos + 1, pos + 8))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        pos += 8;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(IsArrayOfSize(interior.size()), innerArrayBegin,
+                                 innerArrayBegin + 1, pos))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*val[3])), pos, pos + 9, pos + 9))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(IsArrayOfSize(val.size()), encBegin, encBegin + 1, encEnd))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+    }
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _))  //
+            .Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Map) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    Map val("Hello", 4, Array(-9, "Goodbye"), std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+    ASSERT_NE(val[1].first->asArray(), nullptr);
+    const Array& interior = *(val[1].first->asArray());
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    uint8_t* encBegin = encoded.data();
+    uint8_t* encEnd = encoded.data() + encoded.size();
+
+    {
+        InSequence s;
+        const uint8_t* pos = encBegin;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(_, pos, pos + 1, pos + 1)).WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*val[0].first)), pos, pos + 1, pos + 6))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        pos += 6;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*val[0].second)), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        const uint8_t* innerArrayBegin = pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(IsArrayOfSize(interior.size()), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*interior[0])), pos, pos + 1, pos + 1))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        ++pos;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*interior[1])), pos, pos + 1, pos + 8))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        pos += 8;
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(IsArrayOfSize(interior.size()), innerArrayBegin,
+                                 innerArrayBegin + 1, pos))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(MatchesItem(ByRef(*val[1].second)), pos, pos + 9, pos + 9))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+        EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(IsMapOfSize(val.size()), encBegin, encBegin + 1, encEnd))
+                .WillOnce(Return(&mpc));
+    }
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(_, _))  //
+            .Times(0);
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(StreamParseTest, Semantic) {
+    MockParseClient mpc;
+
+    vector<uint8_t> encoded;
+    auto iter = back_inserter(encoded);
+    encodeHeader(SEMANTIC, 0, iter);
+    Uint(999).encode(iter);
+
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, item(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, itemEnd(_, _, _, _)).Times(0);
+    EXPECT_CALL(mpc, error(encoded.data(), "Semantic tags not supported"));
+
+    parse(encoded.data(), encoded.data() + encoded.size(), &mpc);
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Uint) {
+    Uint val(10);
+
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(val.encode());
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(val));
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Nint) {
+    Nint val(-10);
+
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(val.encode());
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(val));
+
+    vector<uint8_t> minNint = {0x3B, 0x7F, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF};
+
+    std::tie(item, pos, message) = parse(minNint);
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, NotNull());
+    EXPECT_EQ(item->asNint()->value(), std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min());
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, NintOutOfRange) {
+    vector<uint8_t> outOfRangeNint = {0x3B, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF};
+
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(outOfRangeNint);
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, IsNull());
+    EXPECT_EQ(pos, outOfRangeNint.data());
+    EXPECT_EQ(message, "NINT values that don't fit in int64_t are not supported.");
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Tstr) {
+    Tstr val("Hello");
+
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(val.encode());
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(val));
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Bstr) {
+    Bstr val("\x00\x01\0x02"s);
+
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(val.encode());
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(val));
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Array) {
+    Array val("hello", -4, 3);
+
+    auto encoded = val.encode();
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(encoded);
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(ByRef(val)));
+    EXPECT_EQ(pos, encoded.data() + encoded.size());
+    EXPECT_EQ("", message);
+
+    // We've already checked it all, but walk it just for fun.
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, item->asArray());
+    const Array& arr = *(item->asArray());
+    ASSERT_EQ(arr[0]->type(), TSTR);
+    EXPECT_EQ(arr[0]->asTstr()->value(), "hello");
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Map) {
+    Map val("hello", -4, 3, Bstr("hi"));
+
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(val.encode());
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(ByRef(val)));
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, Complex) {
+    vector<uint8_t> vec = {0x01, 0x02, 0x08, 0x03};
+    Map val("Outer1",
+            Array(Map("Inner1", 99,  //
+                      "Inner2", vec),
+                  "foo"),
+            "Outer2", 10);
+
+    std::unique_ptr<Item> item;
+    const uint8_t* pos;
+    std::string message;
+    std::tie(item, pos, message) = parse(val.encode());
+    EXPECT_THAT(item, MatchesItem(ByRef(val)));
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, IncompleteUint) {
+    Uint val(1000);
+
+    auto encoding = val.encode();
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(encoding.data(), encoding.size() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoding.data(), pos);
+    EXPECT_EQ("Need 2 byte(s) for length field, have 1.", message);
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, IncompleteString) {
+    Tstr val("hello");
+
+    auto encoding = val.encode();
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(encoding.data(), encoding.size() - 2);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoding.data(), pos);
+    EXPECT_EQ("Need 5 byte(s) for text string, have 3.", message);
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, ArrayWithInsufficientEntries) {
+    Array val(1, 2, 3, 4);
+
+    auto encoding = val.encode();
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(encoding.data(), encoding.size() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoding.data(), pos);
+    EXPECT_EQ("Not enough entries for array.", message);
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, ArrayWithTruncatedEntry) {
+    Array val(1, 2, 3, 400000);
+
+    auto encoding = val.encode();
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(encoding.data(), encoding.size() - 1);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoding.data() + encoding.size() - 5, pos);
+    EXPECT_EQ("Need 4 byte(s) for length field, have 3.", message);
+}
+
+TEST(FullParserTest, MapWithTruncatedEntry) {
+    Map val(1, 2, 300000, 4);
+
+    auto encoding = val.encode();
+    auto [item, pos, message] = parse(encoding.data(), encoding.size() - 2);
+    EXPECT_EQ(nullptr, item.get());
+    EXPECT_EQ(encoding.data() + 3, pos);
+    EXPECT_EQ("Need 4 byte(s) for length field, have 3.", message);
+}
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 69aa56d..36a6861 100644
--- a/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -29,5 +29,5 @@
         "libcrypto_static",
         "libsoftkeymasterdevice",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71e41fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalKeymasterV3_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalKeymasterV3_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalKeymasterV3_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalKeymasterV3_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="900000"/>
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index ccb5622..ae32764 100644
--- a/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/3.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -25,17 +25,15 @@
 
 #include <android/hardware/keymaster/3.0/IKeymasterDevice.h>
 #include <android/hardware/keymaster/3.0/types.h>
-
 #include <cutils/properties.h>
-
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <keymaster/keymaster_configuration.h>
 
 #include "authorization_set.h"
 #include "key_param_output.h"
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
-
 #include "attestation_record.h"
 #include "openssl_utils.h"
 
@@ -413,33 +411,19 @@
 
 }  // namespace
 
-// Test environment for Keymaster HIDL HAL.
-class KeymasterHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static KeymasterHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static KeymasterHidlEnvironment* instance = new KeymasterHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IKeymasterDevice>(); }
-   private:
-    KeymasterHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
-class KeymasterHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class KeymasterHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
     void TearDown() override {
         if (key_blob_.size()) {
             CheckedDeleteKey();
         }
         AbortIfNeeded();
+
+        keymaster_.clear();
     }
 
-    // SetUpTestCase runs only once per test case, not once per test.
-    static void SetUpTestCase() {
-        keymaster_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IKeymasterDevice>(
-            KeymasterHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IKeymasterDevice>());
+    void SetUp() override {
+        keymaster_ = IKeymasterDevice::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(keymaster_, nullptr);
 
         ASSERT_TRUE(
@@ -461,11 +445,9 @@
         os_patch_level_ = ::keymaster::GetOsPatchlevel();
     }
 
-    static void TearDownTestCase() { keymaster_.clear(); }
-
-    static IKeymasterDevice& keymaster() { return *keymaster_; }
-    static uint32_t os_version() { return os_version_; }
-    static uint32_t os_patch_level() { return os_patch_level_; }
+    IKeymasterDevice& keymaster() { return *keymaster_; }
+    uint32_t os_version() { return os_version_; }
+    uint32_t os_patch_level() { return os_patch_level_; }
 
     AuthorizationSet UserAuths() { return AuthorizationSetBuilder().Authorization(TAG_USER_ID, 7); }
 
@@ -929,134 +911,121 @@
         }
     }
 
-    static bool IsSecure() { return is_secure_; }
-    static bool SupportsEc() { return supports_ec_; }
-    static bool SupportsSymmetric() { return supports_symmetric_; }
-    static bool SupportsAllDigests() { return supports_all_digests_; }
-    static bool SupportsAttestation() { return supports_attestation_; }
+    bool IsSecure() { return is_secure_; }
+    bool SupportsEc() { return supports_ec_; }
+    bool SupportsSymmetric() { return supports_symmetric_; }
+    bool SupportsAllDigests() { return supports_all_digests_; }
+    bool SupportsAttestation() { return supports_attestation_; }
 
-    static bool Km2Profile() {
+    bool Km2Profile() {
         return SupportsAttestation() && SupportsAllDigests() && SupportsSymmetric() &&
                SupportsEc() && IsSecure();
     }
 
-    static bool Km1Profile() {
+    bool Km1Profile() {
         return !SupportsAttestation() && SupportsSymmetric() && SupportsEc() && IsSecure();
     }
 
-    static bool Km0Profile() {
+    bool Km0Profile() {
         return !SupportsAttestation() && !SupportsAllDigests() && !SupportsSymmetric() &&
                IsSecure();
     }
 
-    static bool SwOnlyProfile() {
+    bool SwOnlyProfile() {
         return !SupportsAttestation() && !SupportsAllDigests() && !SupportsSymmetric() &&
                !SupportsEc() && !IsSecure();
     }
 
+    bool verify_attestation_record(const string& challenge, const string& app_id,
+                                   AuthorizationSet expected_sw_enforced,
+                                   AuthorizationSet expected_tee_enforced,
+                                   const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& attestation_cert) {
+        X509_Ptr cert(parse_cert_blob(attestation_cert));
+        EXPECT_TRUE(!!cert.get());
+        if (!cert.get()) return false;
+
+        ASN1_OCTET_STRING* attest_rec = get_attestation_record(cert.get());
+        EXPECT_TRUE(!!attest_rec);
+        if (!attest_rec) return false;
+
+        AuthorizationSet att_sw_enforced;
+        AuthorizationSet att_tee_enforced;
+        uint32_t att_attestation_version;
+        uint32_t att_keymaster_version;
+        SecurityLevel att_attestation_security_level;
+        SecurityLevel att_keymaster_security_level;
+        HidlBuf att_challenge;
+        HidlBuf att_unique_id;
+        HidlBuf att_app_id;
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+                  parse_attestation_record(attest_rec->data,                 //
+                                           attest_rec->length,               //
+                                           &att_attestation_version,         //
+                                           &att_attestation_security_level,  //
+                                           &att_keymaster_version,           //
+                                           &att_keymaster_security_level,    //
+                                           &att_challenge,                   //
+                                           &att_sw_enforced,                 //
+                                           &att_tee_enforced,                //
+                                           &att_unique_id));
+
+        EXPECT_TRUE(att_attestation_version == 1 || att_attestation_version == 2);
+
+        expected_sw_enforced.push_back(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, HidlBuf(app_id));
+
+        if (!IsSecure()) {
+            // SW is KM3
+            EXPECT_EQ(att_keymaster_version, 3U);
+        }
+
+        if (SupportsSymmetric()) {
+            EXPECT_GE(att_keymaster_version, 1U);
+        }
+
+        if (SupportsAttestation()) {
+            EXPECT_GE(att_keymaster_version, 2U);
+        }
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(IsSecure() ? SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT : SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE,
+                  att_keymaster_security_level);
+        EXPECT_EQ(SupportsAttestation() ? SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT
+                                        : SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE,
+                  att_attestation_security_level);
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(challenge.length(), att_challenge.size());
+        EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp(challenge.data(), att_challenge.data(), challenge.length()));
+
+        att_sw_enforced.Sort();
+        expected_sw_enforced.Sort();
+        EXPECT_EQ(filter_tags(expected_sw_enforced), filter_tags(att_sw_enforced))
+                << "(Possibly b/38394619)";
+
+        att_tee_enforced.Sort();
+        expected_tee_enforced.Sort();
+        EXPECT_EQ(filter_tags(expected_tee_enforced), filter_tags(att_tee_enforced))
+                << "(Possibly b/38394619)";
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
     HidlBuf key_blob_;
     KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics_;
     OperationHandle op_handle_ = kOpHandleSentinel;
 
   private:
-    static sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster_;
-    static uint32_t os_version_;
-    static uint32_t os_patch_level_;
+    sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster_;
+    uint32_t os_version_;
+    uint32_t os_patch_level_;
 
-    static bool is_secure_;
-    static bool supports_ec_;
-    static bool supports_symmetric_;
-    static bool supports_attestation_;
-    static bool supports_all_digests_;
-    static hidl_string name_;
-    static hidl_string author_;
+    bool is_secure_;
+    bool supports_ec_;
+    bool supports_symmetric_;
+    bool supports_attestation_;
+    bool supports_all_digests_;
+    hidl_string name_;
+    hidl_string author_;
 };
 
-bool verify_attestation_record(const string& challenge, const string& app_id,
-                               AuthorizationSet expected_sw_enforced,
-                               AuthorizationSet expected_tee_enforced,
-                               const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& attestation_cert) {
-    X509_Ptr cert(parse_cert_blob(attestation_cert));
-    EXPECT_TRUE(!!cert.get());
-    if (!cert.get()) return false;
-
-    ASN1_OCTET_STRING* attest_rec = get_attestation_record(cert.get());
-    EXPECT_TRUE(!!attest_rec);
-    if (!attest_rec) return false;
-
-    AuthorizationSet att_sw_enforced;
-    AuthorizationSet att_tee_enforced;
-    uint32_t att_attestation_version;
-    uint32_t att_keymaster_version;
-    SecurityLevel att_attestation_security_level;
-    SecurityLevel att_keymaster_security_level;
-    HidlBuf att_challenge;
-    HidlBuf att_unique_id;
-    HidlBuf att_app_id;
-    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
-              parse_attestation_record(attest_rec->data,                 //
-                                       attest_rec->length,               //
-                                       &att_attestation_version,         //
-                                       &att_attestation_security_level,  //
-                                       &att_keymaster_version,           //
-                                       &att_keymaster_security_level,    //
-                                       &att_challenge,                   //
-                                       &att_sw_enforced,                 //
-                                       &att_tee_enforced,                //
-                                       &att_unique_id));
-
-    EXPECT_TRUE(att_attestation_version == 1 || att_attestation_version == 2);
-
-    expected_sw_enforced.push_back(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID,
-                                   HidlBuf(app_id));
-
-    if (!KeymasterHidlTest::IsSecure()) {
-        // SW is KM3
-        EXPECT_EQ(att_keymaster_version, 3U);
-    }
-
-    if (KeymasterHidlTest::SupportsSymmetric()) {
-        EXPECT_GE(att_keymaster_version, 1U);
-    }
-
-    if (KeymasterHidlTest::SupportsAttestation()) {
-        EXPECT_GE(att_keymaster_version, 2U);
-    }
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(KeymasterHidlTest::IsSecure() ? SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT
-                                            : SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE,
-              att_keymaster_security_level);
-    EXPECT_EQ(KeymasterHidlTest::SupportsAttestation() ? SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT
-                                                       : SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE,
-              att_attestation_security_level);
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(challenge.length(), att_challenge.size());
-    EXPECT_EQ(0, memcmp(challenge.data(), att_challenge.data(), challenge.length()));
-
-    att_sw_enforced.Sort();
-    expected_sw_enforced.Sort();
-    EXPECT_EQ(filter_tags(expected_sw_enforced), filter_tags(att_sw_enforced))
-        << "(Possibly b/38394619)";
-
-    att_tee_enforced.Sort();
-    expected_tee_enforced.Sort();
-    EXPECT_EQ(filter_tags(expected_tee_enforced), filter_tags(att_tee_enforced))
-        << "(Possibly b/38394619)";
-
-    return true;
-}
-
-sp<IKeymasterDevice> KeymasterHidlTest::keymaster_;
-uint32_t KeymasterHidlTest::os_version_;
-uint32_t KeymasterHidlTest::os_patch_level_;
-bool KeymasterHidlTest::is_secure_;
-bool KeymasterHidlTest::supports_ec_;
-bool KeymasterHidlTest::supports_symmetric_;
-bool KeymasterHidlTest::supports_all_digests_;
-bool KeymasterHidlTest::supports_attestation_;
-hidl_string KeymasterHidlTest::name_;
-hidl_string KeymasterHidlTest::author_;
-
 typedef KeymasterHidlTest KeymasterVersionTest;
 
 /*
@@ -1065,7 +1034,7 @@
  * Queries keymaster to find the set of features it supports. Fails if the combination doesn't
  * correspond to any well-defined keymaster version.
  */
-TEST_F(KeymasterVersionTest, SensibleFeatures) {
+TEST_P(KeymasterVersionTest, SensibleFeatures) {
     EXPECT_TRUE(Km2Profile() || Km1Profile() || Km0Profile() || SwOnlyProfile())
         << "Keymaster feature set doesn't fit any reasonable profile.  Reported features:"
         << "SupportsAttestation [" << SupportsAttestation() << "], "
@@ -1124,7 +1093,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster can generate all required RSA key sizes, and that the resulting keys have
  * correct characteristics.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, Rsa) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, Rsa) {
     for (auto key_size : {1024, 2048, 3072, 4096}) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
@@ -1158,7 +1127,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that failing to specify a key size for RSA key generation returns UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, RsaNoDefaultSize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, RsaNoDefaultSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::RSA)
@@ -1172,7 +1141,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster can generate all required EC key sizes, and that the resulting keys have
  * correct characteristics.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, Ecdsa) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, Ecdsa) {
     for (auto key_size : {224, 256, 384, 521}) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
@@ -1203,7 +1172,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that failing to specify a key size for EC key generation returns UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaDefaultSize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaDefaultSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC)
@@ -1217,7 +1186,7 @@
  * Verifies that failing to specify an invalid key size for EC key generation returns
  * UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaInvalidSize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaInvalidSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder().EcdsaSigningKey(190).Digest(Digest::NONE)));
 }
@@ -1228,7 +1197,7 @@
  * Verifies that specifying mismatched key size and curve for EC key generation returns
  * INVALID_ARGUMENT.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaMismatchKeySize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaMismatchKeySize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .EcdsaSigningKey(224)
@@ -1237,7 +1206,7 @@
         << "(Possibly b/36233343)";
 }
 
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidSizes) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidSizes) {
     size_t valid_sizes[] = {224, 256, 384, 521};
     for (size_t size : valid_sizes) {
         EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
@@ -1252,7 +1221,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster supports all required EC curves.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidCurves) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidCurves) {
     EcCurve curves[] = {EcCurve::P_224, EcCurve::P_256, EcCurve::P_384, EcCurve::P_521};
     for (auto curve : curves) {
         EXPECT_EQ(
@@ -1269,7 +1238,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster supports all required digests, and that the resulting keys have correct
  * characteristics.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, Hmac) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, Hmac) {
     for (auto digest : {Digest::MD5, Digest::SHA1, Digest::SHA_2_224, Digest::SHA_2_256,
                         Digest::SHA_2_384, Digest::SHA_2_512}) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
@@ -1318,7 +1287,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster supports all key sizes, and rejects all invalid key sizes.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckKeySizes) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckKeySizes) {
     for (size_t key_size = 0; key_size <= 512; ++key_size) {
         if (key_size < 64 || key_size % 8 != 0) {
             // To keep this test from being very slow, we only test a random fraction of non-byte
@@ -1349,7 +1318,7 @@
  * test is probabilistic in order to keep the runtime down, but any failure prints out the specific
  * MAC length that failed, so reproducing a failed run will be easy.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckMinMacLengths) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckMinMacLengths) {
     for (size_t min_mac_length = 0; min_mac_length <= 256; ++min_mac_length) {
         if (min_mac_length < 64 || min_mac_length % 8 != 0) {
             // To keep this test from being very long, we only test a random fraction of non-byte
@@ -1379,7 +1348,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects HMAC key generation with multiple specified digest algorithms.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacMultipleDigests) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacMultipleDigests) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_DIGEST,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .HmacKey(128)
@@ -1393,7 +1362,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects HMAC key generation with no digest or Digest::NONE
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacDigestNone) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacDigestNone) {
     ASSERT_EQ(
         ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_DIGEST,
         GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder().HmacKey(128).Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)));
@@ -1413,7 +1382,7 @@
  * Verifies that getKeyCharacteristics functions, and that generated and retrieved key
  * characteristics match.
  */
-TEST_F(GetKeyCharacteristicsTest, SimpleRsa) {
+TEST_P(GetKeyCharacteristicsTest, SimpleRsa) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1438,7 +1407,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1454,7 +1423,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA-PSS signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha256Success) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha256Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -1472,7 +1441,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects signature operations that specify a padding mode when the key
  * supports only unpadded operations.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPaddingNoneDoesNotAllowOther) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPaddingNoneDoesNotAllowOther) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1492,7 +1461,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that digested RSA-PKCS1 signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Sha256Success) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Sha256Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -1509,7 +1478,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that undigested RSA-PKCS1 signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestSuccess) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1527,7 +1496,7 @@
  * Verifies that undigested RSA-PKCS1 signature operations fail with the correct error code when
  * given a too-long message.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestTooLong) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestTooLong) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1555,7 +1524,7 @@
  * uses SHA512, which has a digest_size == 512, so the message size is 1040 bits, too large for a
  * 1024-bit key.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha512TooSmallKey) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha512TooSmallKey) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_512)
@@ -1574,7 +1543,7 @@
  * Verifies that raw RSA signature operations fail with the correct error code when
  * given a too-long message.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1608,7 +1577,7 @@
  * Verifies that operations can be aborted correctly.  Uses an RSA signing operation for the test,
  * but the behavior should be algorithm and purpose-independent.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaAbort) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaAbort) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1633,7 +1602,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA operations fail with the correct error (but key gen succeeds) when used with a
  * padding mode inappropriate for RSA.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaUnsupportedPadding) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaUnsupportedPadding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1650,7 +1619,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA PSS operations fail when no digest is used.  PSS requires a digest.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoDigest) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoDigest) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1670,7 +1639,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA operations fail when no padding mode is specified.  PaddingMode::NONE is
  * supported in some cases (as validated in other tests), but a mode must be specified.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPadding) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPadding) {
     // Padding must be specified
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaKey(1024, 3)
@@ -1686,7 +1655,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA signatures succeed with a message shorter than the key size.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaTooShortMessage) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaTooShortMessage) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -1707,7 +1676,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA encryption keys cannot be used to sign.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignWithEncryptionKey) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignWithEncryptionKey) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -1724,7 +1693,7 @@
  * Verifies that attempting a raw signature of a message which is the same length as the key, but
  * numerically larger than the public modulus, fails with the correct error.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignTooLargeMessage) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignTooLargeMessage) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -1746,7 +1715,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that ECDSA operations succeed with all possible key sizes and hashes.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllSizesAndHashes) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllSizesAndHashes) {
     for (auto key_size : {224, 256, 384, 521}) {
         for (auto digest : {
                  Digest::SHA1, Digest::SHA_2_224, Digest::SHA_2_256, Digest::SHA_2_384,
@@ -1773,7 +1742,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that ECDSA operations succeed with all possible curves.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllCurves) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllCurves) {
     for (auto curve : {EcCurve::P_224, EcCurve::P_256, EcCurve::P_384, EcCurve::P_521}) {
         ErrorCode error = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                           .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1795,7 +1764,7 @@
  * work because ECDSA actually only signs the leftmost L_n bits of the message, however large it may
  * be.  Not using digesting is a bad idea, but in some cases digesting is done by the framework.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaNoDigestHugeData) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaNoDigestHugeData) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(224)
@@ -1809,7 +1778,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempts to use AES keys to sign fail in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, AesEcbSign) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, AesEcbSign) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .SigningKey()
@@ -1832,7 +1801,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that HMAC works with all digests.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacAllDigests) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacAllDigests) {
     for (auto digest : {Digest::SHA1, Digest::SHA_2_224, Digest::SHA_2_256, Digest::SHA_2_384,
                         Digest::SHA_2_512}) {
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
@@ -1855,7 +1824,7 @@
  * Verifies that HMAC fails in the correct way when asked to generate a MAC larger than the digest
  * size.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooLargeMacLength) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooLargeMacLength) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -1876,7 +1845,7 @@
  * Verifies that HMAC fails in the correct way when asked to generate a MAC smaller than the
  * specified minimum MAC length.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooSmallMacLength) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooSmallMacLength) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -1896,7 +1865,7 @@
  *
  * Validates against the test vectors from RFC 4231 test case 3.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase3) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase3) {
     string key(20, 0xaa);
     string message(50, 0xdd);
     uint8_t sha_224_expected[] = {
@@ -1933,7 +1902,7 @@
  *
  * Validates against the test vectors from RFC 4231 test case 5.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase5) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase5) {
     string key(20, 0x0c);
     string message = "Test With Truncation";
 
@@ -1965,7 +1934,7 @@
  *
  * Validates against the test vectors from RFC 4231 test case 6.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase6) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase6) {
     string key(131, 0xaa);
     string message = "Test Using Larger Than Block-Size Key - Hash Key First";
 
@@ -2003,7 +1972,7 @@
  *
  * Validates against the test vectors from RFC 4231 test case 7.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase7) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase7) {
     string key(131, 0xaa);
     string message = "This is a test using a larger than block-size key and a larger than "
                      "block-size data. The key needs to be hashed before being used by the HMAC "
@@ -2045,7 +2014,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that a simple RSA signature/verification sequence succeeds.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2063,7 +2032,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies RSA signature/verification for all padding modes and digests.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaAllPaddingsAndDigests) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaAllPaddingsAndDigests) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -2159,7 +2128,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies ECDSA signature/verification for all digests and curves.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, EcdsaAllDigestsAndCurves) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, EcdsaAllDigestsAndCurves) {
     auto digests = {
         Digest::NONE,      Digest::SHA1,      Digest::SHA_2_224,
         Digest::SHA_2_256, Digest::SHA_2_384, Digest::SHA_2_512,
@@ -2242,7 +2211,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies HMAC signing and verification, but that a signing key cannot be used to verify.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, HmacSigningKeyCannotVerify) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, HmacSigningKeyCannotVerify) {
     string key_material = "HelloThisIsAKey";
 
     HidlBuf signing_key, verification_key;
@@ -2290,7 +2259,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to export RSA keys in PKCS#8 format fails with the correct error.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, RsaUnsupportedKeyFormat) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, RsaUnsupportedKeyFormat) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -2305,7 +2274,7 @@
  * Verifies that attempting to export RSA keys from corrupted key blobs fails.  This is essentially
  * a poor-man's key blob fuzzer.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, RsaCorruptedKeyBlob) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, RsaCorruptedKeyBlob) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2328,7 +2297,7 @@
  * Verifies that attempting to export ECDSA keys from corrupted key blobs fails.  This is
  * essentially a poor-man's key blob fuzzer.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, EcCorruptedKeyBlob) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, EcCorruptedKeyBlob) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
@@ -2349,7 +2318,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to export AES keys fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, AesKeyUnexportable) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, AesKeyUnexportable) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2368,7 +2337,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an RSA key pair works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, RsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                            .RsaSigningKey(1024, 65537)
@@ -2395,7 +2364,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an RSA key pair with a size that doesn't match the key fails in the
  * correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, RsaKeySizeMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaKeySizeMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .RsaSigningKey(2048 /* Doesn't match key */, 65537)
@@ -2410,7 +2379,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an RSA key pair with a public exponent that doesn't match the key fails
  * in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, RsaPublicExponentMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaPublicExponentMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3 /* Doesn't match key */)
@@ -2424,7 +2393,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-256 key pair works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                            .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
@@ -2450,7 +2419,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-521 key pair works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, Ecdsa521Success) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, Ecdsa521Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                            .EcdsaSigningKey(521)
@@ -2477,7 +2446,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an ECDSA key pair with a size that doesn't match the key fails in the
  * correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSizeMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSizeMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .EcdsaSigningKey(224 /* Doesn't match key */)
@@ -2491,7 +2460,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an ECDSA key pair with a curve that doesn't match the key fails in the
  * correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaCurveMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaCurveMismatch) {
     if (SupportsSymmetric() && !SupportsAttestation()) {
         // KM1 hardware doesn't know about curves
         return;
@@ -2510,7 +2479,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an AES key works.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, AesSuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, AesSuccess) {
     string key = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -2537,7 +2506,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an HMAC key works.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, HmacKeySuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, HmacKeySuccess) {
     string key = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -2563,7 +2532,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2586,7 +2555,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption of short messages works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingShortMessage) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingShortMessage) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2615,7 +2584,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption of too-long messages fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2635,7 +2604,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption of too-large (numerically) messages fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLarge) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLarge) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2677,7 +2646,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations work, with all digests.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepSuccess) {
     auto digests = {Digest::MD5,       Digest::SHA1,      Digest::SHA_2_224,
                     Digest::SHA_2_256, Digest::SHA_2_384, Digest::SHA_2_512};
 
@@ -2729,7 +2698,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations fail in the correct way when asked to operate
  * without a digest.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepInvalidDigest) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepInvalidDigest) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2747,7 +2716,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations fail in the correct way when asked to decrypt with a
  * different digest than was used to encrypt.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepDecryptWithWrongDigest) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepDecryptWithWrongDigest) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2773,7 +2742,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations fail in the correct way when asked to encrypt a
  * too-large message.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepTooLarge) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepTooLarge) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2796,7 +2765,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA PKCS encryption/decrypts works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Success) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2835,7 +2804,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA PKCS encryption fails in the correct way when the mssage is too large.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1TooLarge) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1TooLarge) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(1024, 3)
@@ -2855,7 +2824,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to use ECDSA keys to encrypt fails in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, EcdsaEncrypt) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, EcdsaEncrypt) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(224)
@@ -2872,7 +2841,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to use HMAC keys to encrypt fails in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, HmacEncrypt) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, HmacEncrypt) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -2894,7 +2863,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES ECB mode works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2923,7 +2892,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES encryption fails in the correct way when an unauthorized mode is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesWrongMode) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesWrongMode) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2943,7 +2912,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES encryption fails in the correct way when provided an input that is not a
  * multiple of the block size and no padding is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbNoPaddingWrongInputSize) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbNoPaddingWrongInputSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2964,7 +2933,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES PKCS7 padding works for any message length.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7Padding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7Padding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2989,7 +2958,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES enryption fails in the correct way when an unauthorized padding mode is
  * specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbWrongPadding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbWrongPadding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3010,7 +2979,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES decryption fails in the correct way when the padding is corrupted.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3041,7 +3010,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES CTR mode works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3088,7 +3057,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES works, all modes, when provided data in various size increments.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesIncremental) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesIncremental) {
     auto block_modes = {
         BlockMode::ECB, BlockMode::CBC, BlockMode::CTR, BlockMode::GCM,
     };
@@ -3226,7 +3195,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies AES CTR implementation against SP800-38A test vectors.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrSp80038aTestVector) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrSp80038aTestVector) {
     for (size_t i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
         const AesCtrSp80038aTestVector& test(kAesCtrSp80038aTestVectors[i]);
         const string key = hex2str(test.key);
@@ -3242,7 +3211,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects use of CTR mode with PKCS7 padding in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrIncompatiblePaddingMode) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrIncompatiblePaddingMode) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3257,7 +3226,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster fails correctly when the user supplies an incorrect-size nonce.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrInvalidCallerNonce) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrInvalidCallerNonce) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3289,7 +3258,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster fails correctly when the user supplies an incorrect-size nonce.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCbcRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCbcRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3322,7 +3291,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES caller-provided nonces work correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonce) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonce) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3371,7 +3340,7 @@
  * Verifies that caller-provided nonces are not permitted when not specified in the key
  * authorizations.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonceProhibited) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonceProhibited) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3406,7 +3375,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3454,7 +3423,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when a too-short tag length is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTag) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTag) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3475,7 +3444,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when a too-short tag is provided to decryption.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTagOnDecrypt) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTagOnDecrypt) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3518,7 +3487,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when the decryption key is incorrect.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptKey) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptKey) {
     const uint8_t nonce_bytes[] = {
         0xb7, 0x94, 0x37, 0xae, 0x08, 0xff, 0x35, 0x5d, 0x7d, 0x8a, 0x4d, 0x0f,
     };
@@ -3570,7 +3539,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works when provided additional authenticated data, but no data to
  * encrypt.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadNoData) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadNoData) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3616,7 +3585,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works when provided additional authenticated data in multiple chunks.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmMultiPartAad) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmMultiPartAad) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3675,7 +3644,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when given AAD after data to encipher.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadOutOfOrder) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadOutOfOrder) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3724,7 +3693,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM decryption fails correctly when additional authenticated date is wrong.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmBadAad) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmBadAad) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3768,7 +3737,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM decryption fails correctly when the nonce is incorrect.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmWrongNonce) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmWrongNonce) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3812,7 +3781,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM decryption fails correctly when the tag is wrong.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptTag) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptTag) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3862,7 +3831,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the max uses per boot tag works correctly with AES keys.
  */
-TEST_F(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitAes) {
+TEST_P(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitAes) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3887,7 +3856,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the max uses per boot tag works correctly with RSA keys.
  */
-TEST_F(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitRsa) {
+TEST_P(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitRsa) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -3914,7 +3883,7 @@
  * Verifies that the addRngEntropy method doesn't blow up.  There's no way to test that entropy is
  * actually added.
  */
-TEST_F(AddEntropyTest, AddEntropy) {
+TEST_P(AddEntropyTest, AddEntropy) {
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, keymaster().addRngEntropy(HidlBuf("foo")));
 }
 
@@ -3923,7 +3892,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the addRngEntropy method doesn't blow up when given an empty buffer.
  */
-TEST_F(AddEntropyTest, AddEmptyEntropy) {
+TEST_P(AddEntropyTest, AddEmptyEntropy) {
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, keymaster().addRngEntropy(HidlBuf()));
 }
 
@@ -3932,7 +3901,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the addRngEntropy method doesn't blow up when given a largish amount of data.
  */
-TEST_F(AddEntropyTest, AddLargeEntropy) {
+TEST_P(AddEntropyTest, AddLargeEntropy) {
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, keymaster().addRngEntropy(HidlBuf(string(2 * 1024, 'a'))));
 }
 
@@ -3943,7 +3912,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to RSA keys works and generates the expected output.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, RsaAttestation) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, RsaAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -3971,7 +3940,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to RSA requires app ID.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, RsaAttestationRequiresAppId) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, RsaAttestationRequiresAppId) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -3992,7 +3961,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to EC keys works and generates the expected output.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, EcAttestation) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, EcAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
@@ -4020,7 +3989,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to EC keys requires app ID
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, EcAttestationRequiresAttestationAppId) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, EcAttestationRequiresAttestationAppId) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -4040,7 +4009,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to AES keys fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, AesAttestation) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, AesAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -4063,7 +4032,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to HMAC keys fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, HmacAttestation) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, HmacAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -4090,7 +4059,7 @@
  * This test checks that if rollback protection is implemented, DeleteKey invalidates a formerly
  * valid key blob.
  */
-TEST_F(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteKey) {
+TEST_P(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteKey) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -4135,7 +4104,7 @@
  *
  * This test checks that the HAL excepts invalid key blobs.
  */
-TEST_F(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteInvalidKey) {
+TEST_P(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteInvalidKey) {
     // Generate key just to check if rollback protection is implemented
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -4172,7 +4141,7 @@
  * been provisioned. Use this test only on dedicated testing devices that have no valuable
  * credentials stored in Keystore/Keymaster.
  */
-TEST_F(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteAllKeys) {
+TEST_P(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteAllKeys) {
     if (!arm_deleteAllKeys) return;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3)
@@ -4207,6 +4176,45 @@
     key_blob_ = HidlBuf();
 }
 
+static const auto kKeymasterDeviceChoices =
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IKeymasterDevice::descriptor));
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, NewKeyGenerationTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, KeymasterVersionTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, GetKeyCharacteristicsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, SigningOperationsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, VerificationOperationsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, ExportKeyTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, ImportKeyTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, EncryptionOperationsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, MaxOperationsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, AddEntropyTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, AttestationTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, KeyDeletionTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
 }  // namespace test
 }  // namespace V3_0
 }  // namespace keymaster
@@ -4214,10 +4222,7 @@
 }  // namespace android
 
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    using android::hardware::keymaster::V3_0::test::KeymasterHidlEnvironment;
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(KeymasterHidlEnvironment::Instance());
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    KeymasterHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
     for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
         if (argv[i][0] == '-') {
             if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--arm_deleteAllKeys") {
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/support/OWNERS b/keymaster/4.0/support/OWNERS
index 335660d..a9efe66 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/support/OWNERS
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/support/OWNERS
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 jdanis@google.com
 swillden@google.com
+jbires@google.com
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 0401362..5649f20 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -29,5 +29,5 @@
         "libkeymaster4support",
         "libsoftkeymasterdevice",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dcf7129
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalKeymasterV4_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalKeymasterV4_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalKeymasterV4_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalKeymasterV4_0TargetTest" />
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="900000"/>
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/HmacKeySharingTest.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/HmacKeySharingTest.cpp
index f159796..c228ef7 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/HmacKeySharingTest.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/HmacKeySharingTest.cpp
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
     }
 };
 
-TEST_F(HmacKeySharingTest, GetParameters) {
+TEST_P(HmacKeySharingTest, GetParameters) {
     auto result1 = getHmacSharingParameters(keymaster());
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, result1.error);
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@
         << "A given keymaster should always return the same nonce until restart.";
 }
 
-TEST_F(HmacKeySharingTest, ComputeSharedHmac) {
+TEST_P(HmacKeySharingTest, ComputeSharedHmac) {
     auto params = getHmacSharingParameters(all_keymasters());
     ASSERT_EQ(all_keymasters().size(), params.size())
         << "One or more keymasters failed to provide parameters.";
@@ -143,8 +143,8 @@
 template <class F>
 class final_action {
    public:
-    explicit final_action(F f) : f_(move(f)) {}
-    ~final_action() { f_(); }
+     explicit final_action(F f) : f_(std::move(f)) {}
+     ~final_action() { f_(); }
 
    private:
     F f_;
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
     return final_action<F>(f);
 }
 
-TEST_F(HmacKeySharingTest, ComputeSharedHmacCorruptNonce) {
+TEST_P(HmacKeySharingTest, ComputeSharedHmacCorruptNonce) {
     // Important: The execution of this test gets the keymaster implementations on the device out of
     // sync with respect to the HMAC key.  Granted that VTS tests aren't run on in-use production
     // devices, this still has the potential to cause confusion.  To mitigate that, we always
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(HmacKeySharingTest, ComputeSharedHmacCorruptSeed) {
+TEST_P(HmacKeySharingTest, ComputeSharedHmacCorruptSeed) {
     // Important: The execution of this test gets the keymaster implementations on the device out of
     // sync with respect to the HMAC key.  Granted that VTS tests aren't run on in-use production
     // devices, this still has the potential to cause confusion.  To mitigate that, we always
@@ -236,6 +236,11 @@
     }
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, HmacKeySharingTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IKeymasterDevice::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
 }  // namespace test
 }  // namespace V4_0
 }  // namespace keymaster
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.cpp
index 4838e7e..7241984 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.cpp
@@ -41,18 +41,9 @@
 
 namespace test {
 
-sp<IKeymasterDevice> KeymasterHidlTest::keymaster_;
-std::vector<sp<IKeymasterDevice>> KeymasterHidlTest::all_keymasters_;
-uint32_t KeymasterHidlTest::os_version_;
-uint32_t KeymasterHidlTest::os_patch_level_;
-SecurityLevel KeymasterHidlTest::securityLevel_;
-hidl_string KeymasterHidlTest::name_;
-hidl_string KeymasterHidlTest::author_;
-string KeymasterHidlTest::service_name_;
-
 void KeymasterHidlTest::InitializeKeymaster() {
-    service_name_ = KeymasterHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IKeymasterDevice>();
-    keymaster_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IKeymasterDevice>(service_name_);
+    service_name_ = GetParam();
+    keymaster_ = IKeymasterDevice::getService(service_name_);
     ASSERT_NE(keymaster_, nullptr);
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(keymaster_
@@ -65,8 +56,7 @@
                     .isOk());
 }
 
-void KeymasterHidlTest::SetUpTestCase() {
-
+void KeymasterHidlTest::SetUp() {
     InitializeKeymaster();
 
     os_version_ = ::keymaster::GetOsVersion();
@@ -79,8 +69,7 @@
         IKeymasterDevice::descriptor, [&](const hidl_vec<hidl_string>& names) {
             for (auto& name : names) {
                 if (name == service_name_) continue;
-                auto keymaster =
-                    ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IKeymasterDevice>(name);
+                auto keymaster = IKeymasterDevice::getService(name);
                 ASSERT_NE(keymaster, nullptr);
                 all_keymasters_.push_back(keymaster);
             }
@@ -212,22 +201,6 @@
     CheckedDeleteKey(&key_blob_);
 }
 
-void KeymasterHidlTest::CheckCreationDateTime(
-        const AuthorizationSet& sw_enforced,
-        std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> creation) {
-    for (int i = 0; i < sw_enforced.size(); i++) {
-        if (sw_enforced[i].tag == TAG_CREATION_DATETIME) {
-            std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> now =
-                    std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-            std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> reported_time{
-                    std::chrono::milliseconds(sw_enforced[i].f.dateTime)};
-            // The test is flaky for EC keys, so a buffer time of 120 seconds will be added.
-            EXPECT_LE(creation - 120s, reported_time);
-            EXPECT_LE(reported_time, now + 1s);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 void KeymasterHidlTest::CheckGetCharacteristics(const HidlBuf& key_blob, const HidlBuf& client_id,
                                                 const HidlBuf& app_data,
                                                 KeyCharacteristics* key_characteristics) {
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.h b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.h
index b09da45..4bd8b26 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.h
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/KeymasterHidlTest.h
@@ -14,14 +14,13 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_VTS_FUNCTIONAL_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST_H_
-#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_VTS_FUNCTIONAL_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST_H_
+#pragma once
 
 #include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.0/IKeymasterDevice.h>
 #include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.0/types.h>
-
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <keymaster/keymaster_configuration.h>
 
 #include <keymasterV4_0/authorization_set.h>
@@ -69,43 +68,24 @@
 
 constexpr uint64_t kOpHandleSentinel = 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF;
 
-class KeymasterHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static KeymasterHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static KeymasterHidlEnvironment* instance = new KeymasterHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IKeymasterDevice>(); }
-
-   private:
-    KeymasterHidlEnvironment(){};
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(KeymasterHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class KeymasterHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
+class KeymasterHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    void SetUp();
     void TearDown() override {
         if (key_blob_.size()) {
             CheckedDeleteKey();
         }
         AbortIfNeeded();
-    }
-
-    // SetUpTestCase runs only once per test case, not once per test.
-    static void SetUpTestCase();
-    static void InitializeKeymaster();
-    static void TearDownTestCase() {
         keymaster_.clear();
         all_keymasters_.clear();
     }
 
-    static IKeymasterDevice& keymaster() { return *keymaster_; }
-    static const std::vector<sp<IKeymasterDevice>>& all_keymasters() { return all_keymasters_; }
-    static uint32_t os_version() { return os_version_; }
-    static uint32_t os_patch_level() { return os_patch_level_; }
+    void InitializeKeymaster();
+
+    IKeymasterDevice& keymaster() { return *keymaster_; }
+    const std::vector<sp<IKeymasterDevice>>& all_keymasters() { return all_keymasters_; }
+    uint32_t os_version() { return os_version_; }
+    uint32_t os_patch_level() { return os_patch_level_; }
 
     ErrorCode GenerateKey(const AuthorizationSet& key_desc, HidlBuf* key_blob,
                           KeyCharacteristics* key_characteristics);
@@ -133,9 +113,6 @@
     void CheckedDeleteKey(HidlBuf* key_blob, bool keep_key_blob = false);
     void CheckedDeleteKey();
 
-    static void CheckCreationDateTime(const AuthorizationSet& sw_enforced,
-                                      std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> creation);
-
     void CheckGetCharacteristics(const HidlBuf& key_blob, const HidlBuf& client_id,
                                  const HidlBuf& app_data, KeyCharacteristics* key_characteristics);
     ErrorCode GetCharacteristics(const HidlBuf& key_blob, const HidlBuf& client_id,
@@ -216,8 +193,8 @@
 
     std::pair<ErrorCode, HidlBuf> UpgradeKey(const HidlBuf& key_blob);
 
-    static bool IsSecure() { return securityLevel_ != SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE; }
-    static SecurityLevel SecLevel() { return securityLevel_; }
+    bool IsSecure() { return securityLevel_ != SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE; }
+    SecurityLevel SecLevel() { return securityLevel_; }
 
     std::vector<uint32_t> ValidKeySizes(Algorithm algorithm);
     std::vector<uint32_t> InvalidKeySizes(Algorithm algorithm);
@@ -233,15 +210,15 @@
     OperationHandle op_handle_ = kOpHandleSentinel;
 
    private:
-    static sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster_;
-    static std::vector<sp<IKeymasterDevice>> all_keymasters_;
-    static uint32_t os_version_;
-    static uint32_t os_patch_level_;
+     sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster_;
+     std::vector<sp<IKeymasterDevice>> all_keymasters_;
+     uint32_t os_version_;
+     uint32_t os_patch_level_;
 
-    static SecurityLevel securityLevel_;
-    static hidl_string name_;
-    static hidl_string author_;
-    static string service_name_;
+     SecurityLevel securityLevel_;
+     hidl_string name_;
+     hidl_string author_;
+     string service_name_;
 };
 
 }  // namespace test
@@ -249,5 +226,3 @@
 }  // namespace keymaster
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
-
-#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_40_VTS_FUNCTIONAL_KEYMASTER_HIDL_TEST_H_
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/VerificationTokenTest.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/VerificationTokenTest.cpp
index de28683..693f4ae 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/VerificationTokenTest.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/VerificationTokenTest.cpp
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
  * thing we really can test is that tokens can be created by TEE keymasters, and that the
  * timestamps increase as expected.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationTokenTest, TestCreation) {
+TEST_P(VerificationTokenTest, TestCreation) {
     auto result1 = verifyAuthorization(
         1 /* operation handle */, AuthorizationSet() /* paramtersToVerify */, HardwareAuthToken());
     ASSERT_TRUE(result1.callSuccessful);
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
  * stamp is included in the mac but on failure we know that it is not. Other than in the test
  * case above we call verifyAuthorization with the exact same set of parameters.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationTokenTest, MacChangesOnChangingTimestamp) {
+TEST_P(VerificationTokenTest, MacChangesOnChangingTimestamp) {
     auto result1 =
             verifyAuthorization(0 /* operation handle */,
                                 AuthorizationSet() /* paramtersToVerify */, HardwareAuthToken());
@@ -185,6 +185,11 @@
               memcmp(result1.token.mac.data(), result2.token.mac.data(), result1.token.mac.size()));
 }
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, VerificationTokenTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IKeymasterDevice::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
 }  // namespace test
 }  // namespace V4_0
 }  // namespace keymaster
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index a7cbb36..66132ad 100644
--- a/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/functional/keymaster_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -320,8 +320,7 @@
 bool verify_attestation_record(const string& challenge, const string& app_id,
                                AuthorizationSet expected_sw_enforced,
                                AuthorizationSet expected_hw_enforced, SecurityLevel security_level,
-                               const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& attestation_cert,
-                               std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> creation_time) {
+                               const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& attestation_cert) {
     X509_Ptr cert(parse_cert_blob(attestation_cert));
     EXPECT_TRUE(!!cert.get());
     if (!cert.get()) return false;
@@ -405,8 +404,6 @@
     EXPECT_FALSE(expected_hw_enforced.Contains(TAG_TRUSTED_USER_PRESENCE_REQUIRED));
     EXPECT_FALSE(att_hw_enforced.Contains(TAG_TRUSTED_USER_PRESENCE_REQUIRED));
 
-    KeymasterHidlTest::CheckCreationDateTime(att_sw_enforced, creation_time);
-
     if (att_hw_enforced.Contains(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC)) {
         // For ECDSA keys, either an EC_CURVE or a KEY_SIZE can be specified, but one must be.
         EXPECT_TRUE(att_hw_enforced.Contains(TAG_EC_CURVE) ||
@@ -423,27 +420,33 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, error);
 
     if (avb_verification_enabled()) {
-        property_get("ro.boot.vbmeta.digest", property_value, "nogood");
-        EXPECT_NE(strcmp(property_value, "nogood"), 0);
+        EXPECT_NE(property_get("ro.boot.vbmeta.digest", property_value, ""), 0);
         string prop_string(property_value);
         EXPECT_EQ(prop_string.size(), 64);
         EXPECT_EQ(prop_string, bin2hex(verified_boot_hash));
 
-        property_get("ro.boot.vbmeta.device_state", property_value, "nogood");
-        EXPECT_NE(strcmp(property_value, "nogood"), 0);
+        EXPECT_NE(property_get("ro.boot.vbmeta.device_state", property_value, ""), 0);
         if (!strcmp(property_value, "unlocked")) {
             EXPECT_FALSE(device_locked);
         } else {
             EXPECT_TRUE(device_locked);
         }
+
+        // Check that the expected result from VBMeta matches the build type. Only a user build
+        // should have AVB reporting the device is locked.
+        EXPECT_NE(property_get("ro.build.type", property_value, ""), 0);
+        if (!strcmp(property_value, "user")) {
+            EXPECT_TRUE(device_locked);
+        } else {
+            EXPECT_FALSE(device_locked);
+        }
     }
 
     // Verified boot key should be all 0's if the boot state is not verified or self signed
     std::string empty_boot_key(32, '\0');
     std::string verified_boot_key_str((const char*)verified_boot_key.data(),
                                       verified_boot_key.size());
-    property_get("ro.boot.verifiedbootstate", property_value, "nogood");
-    EXPECT_NE(property_value, "nogood");
+    EXPECT_NE(property_get("ro.boot.verifiedbootstate", property_value, ""), 0);
     if (!strcmp(property_value, "green")) {
         EXPECT_EQ(verified_boot_state, KM_VERIFIED_BOOT_VERIFIED);
         EXPECT_NE(0, memcmp(verified_boot_key.data(), empty_boot_key.data(),
@@ -522,14 +525,14 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster can generate all required RSA key sizes, and that the resulting keys have
  * correct characteristics.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, Rsa) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, Rsa) {
     for (auto key_size : ValidKeySizes(Algorithm::RSA)) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                                 .RsaSigningKey(key_size, 3)
-                                                 .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                                 .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE),
+                                                     .RsaSigningKey(key_size, 65537)
+                                                     .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                                                     .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE),
                                              &key_blob, &key_characteristics));
 
         ASSERT_GT(key_blob.size(), 0U);
@@ -546,44 +549,27 @@
         EXPECT_TRUE(crypto_params.Contains(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::RSA));
         EXPECT_TRUE(crypto_params.Contains(TAG_KEY_SIZE, key_size))
             << "Key size " << key_size << "missing";
-        EXPECT_TRUE(crypto_params.Contains(TAG_RSA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, 3U));
+        EXPECT_TRUE(crypto_params.Contains(TAG_RSA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, 65537U));
 
         CheckedDeleteKey(&key_blob);
     }
 }
 
 /*
- * NewKeyGenerationTest.RsaCheckCreationDateTime
- *
- * Verifies that creation date time is correct.
- */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, RsaCheckCreationDateTime) {
-    KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
-    auto creation_time = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                                 .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                                 .RsaSigningKey(2048, 3)
-                                                 .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                                 .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)));
-    GetCharacteristics(key_blob_, &key_characteristics);
-    AuthorizationSet sw_enforced = key_characteristics.softwareEnforced;
-    CheckCreationDateTime(sw_enforced, creation_time);
-}
-
-/*
  * NewKeyGenerationTest.NoInvalidRsaSizes
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster cannot generate any RSA key sizes that are designated as invalid.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, NoInvalidRsaSizes) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, NoInvalidRsaSizes) {
     for (auto key_size : InvalidKeySizes(Algorithm::RSA)) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
-        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                                                   .RsaSigningKey(key_size, 3)
-                                                                   .Digest(Digest::NONE)
-                                                                   .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE),
-                                                               &key_blob, &key_characteristics));
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
+                  GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                      .RsaSigningKey(key_size, 65537)
+                                      .Digest(Digest::NONE)
+                                      .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE),
+                              &key_blob, &key_characteristics));
     }
 }
 
@@ -592,7 +578,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that failing to specify a key size for RSA key generation returns UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, RsaNoDefaultSize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, RsaNoDefaultSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::RSA)
@@ -606,7 +592,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster can generate all required EC key sizes, and that the resulting keys have
  * correct characteristics.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, Ecdsa) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, Ecdsa) {
     for (auto key_size : ValidKeySizes(Algorithm::EC)) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
@@ -634,28 +620,11 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * NewKeyGenerationTest.EcCheckCreationDateTime
- *
- * Verifies that creation date time is correct.
- */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcCheckCreationDateTime) {
-    KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
-    auto creation_time = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                                 .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                                 .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
-                                                 .Digest(Digest::NONE)));
-    GetCharacteristics(key_blob_, &key_characteristics);
-    AuthorizationSet sw_enforced = key_characteristics.softwareEnforced;
-    CheckCreationDateTime(sw_enforced, creation_time);
-}
-
-/*
  * NewKeyGenerationTest.EcdsaDefaultSize
  *
  * Verifies that failing to specify a key size for EC key generation returns UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaDefaultSize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaDefaultSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, Algorithm::EC)
@@ -668,7 +637,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that specifying an invalid key size for EC key generation returns UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaInvalidSize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaInvalidSize) {
     for (auto key_size : InvalidKeySizes(Algorithm::EC)) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
@@ -688,7 +657,7 @@
  * Verifies that specifying mismatched key size and curve for EC key generation returns
  * INVALID_ARGUMENT.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaMismatchKeySize) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaMismatchKeySize) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
 
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT,
@@ -703,7 +672,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster supports all required EC key sizes.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidSizes) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidSizes) {
     auto valid_sizes = ValidKeySizes(Algorithm::EC);
     for (size_t size : valid_sizes) {
         EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
@@ -719,7 +688,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster does not support any curve designated as unsupported.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidCurves) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, EcdsaAllValidCurves) {
     Digest digest;
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) {
         digest = Digest::SHA_2_256;
@@ -742,7 +711,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster supports all required digests, and that the resulting keys have correct
  * characteristics.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, Hmac) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, Hmac) {
     for (auto digest : ValidDigests(false /* withNone */, true /* withMD5 */)) {
         HidlBuf key_blob;
         KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
@@ -778,7 +747,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster supports all key sizes, and rejects all invalid key sizes.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckKeySizes) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckKeySizes) {
     for (size_t key_size = 0; key_size <= 512; ++key_size) {
         if (key_size < 64 || key_size % 8 != 0) {
             // To keep this test from being very slow, we only test a random fraction of non-byte
@@ -811,7 +780,7 @@
  * test is probabilistic in order to keep the runtime down, but any failure prints out the specific
  * MAC length that failed, so reproducing a failed run will be easy.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckMinMacLengths) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacCheckMinMacLengths) {
     for (size_t min_mac_length = 0; min_mac_length <= 256; ++min_mac_length) {
         if (min_mac_length < 64 || min_mac_length % 8 != 0) {
             // To keep this test from being very long, we only test a random fraction of non-byte
@@ -843,7 +812,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects HMAC key generation with multiple specified digest algorithms.
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacMultipleDigests) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacMultipleDigests) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
 
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_DIGEST,
@@ -859,7 +828,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects HMAC key generation with no digest or Digest::NONE
  */
-TEST_F(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacDigestNone) {
+TEST_P(NewKeyGenerationTest, HmacDigestNone) {
     ASSERT_EQ(
         ErrorCode::UNSUPPORTED_DIGEST,
         GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder().HmacKey(128).Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)));
@@ -878,7 +847,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -894,7 +863,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that getting RSA key characteristics requires the correct app ID/data.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaGetKeyCharacteristicsRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaGetKeyCharacteristicsRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
     HidlBuf key_blob;
     KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
@@ -915,7 +884,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that using an RSA key requires the correct app ID/data.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaUseRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaUseRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                   .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -957,7 +926,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA-PSS signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha256Success) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha256Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -975,7 +944,7 @@
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects signature operations that specify a padding mode when the key
  * supports only unpadded operations.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPaddingNoneDoesNotAllowOther) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPaddingNoneDoesNotAllowOther) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -997,7 +966,7 @@
  * TRUSTED_CONFIRMATION_REQUIRED and no valid confirmation token
  * presented.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, NoUserConfirmation) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, NoUserConfirmation) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 65537)
@@ -1019,7 +988,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that digested RSA-PKCS1 signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Sha256Success) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Sha256Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -1036,7 +1005,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that undigested RSA-PKCS1 signature operations succeed.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestSuccess) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1054,7 +1023,7 @@
  * Verifies that undigested RSA-PKCS1 signature operations fail with the correct error code when
  * given a too-long message.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestTooLong) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1NoDigestTooLong) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1082,7 +1051,7 @@
  * uses SHA512, which has a digest_size == 512, so the message size is 1040 bits, too large for a
  * 1024-bit key.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha512TooSmallKey) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaPssSha512TooSmallKey) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(1024, 65537)
@@ -1101,7 +1070,7 @@
  * Verifies that raw RSA signature operations fail with the correct error code when
  * given a too-long message.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1135,7 +1104,7 @@
  * Verifies that operations can be aborted correctly.  Uses an RSA signing operation for the test,
  * but the behavior should be algorithm and purpose-independent.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaAbort) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaAbort) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1160,7 +1129,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA operations fail with the correct error (but key gen succeeds) when used with a
  * padding mode inappropriate for RSA.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaUnsupportedPadding) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaUnsupportedPadding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1177,7 +1146,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA PSS operations fail when no digest is used.  PSS requires a digest.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoDigest) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoDigest) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1197,7 +1166,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA operations fail when no padding mode is specified.  PaddingMode::NONE is
  * supported in some cases (as validated in other tests), but a mode must be specified.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPadding) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaNoPadding) {
     // Padding must be specified
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1213,7 +1182,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA signatures succeed with a message shorter than the key size.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaTooShortMessage) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaTooShortMessage) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1234,7 +1203,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA encryption keys cannot be used to sign.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignWithEncryptionKey) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignWithEncryptionKey) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1251,7 +1220,7 @@
  * Verifies that attempting a raw signature of a message which is the same length as the key, but
  * numerically larger than the public modulus, fails with the correct error.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignTooLargeMessage) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, RsaSignTooLargeMessage) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1273,7 +1242,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that ECDSA operations succeed with all possible key sizes and hashes.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllSizesAndHashes) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllSizesAndHashes) {
     for (auto key_size : ValidKeySizes(Algorithm::EC)) {
         for (auto digest : ValidDigests(false /* withNone */, false /* withMD5 */)) {
             ErrorCode error = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
@@ -1297,7 +1266,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that ECDSA operations succeed with all possible curves.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllCurves) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaAllCurves) {
     for (auto curve : ValidCurves()) {
         ErrorCode error = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                           .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1319,7 +1288,7 @@
  * work because ECDSA actually only signs the leftmost L_n bits of the message, however large it may
  * be.  Not using digesting is a bad idea, but in some cases digesting is done by the framework.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaNoDigestHugeData) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcdsaNoDigestHugeData) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
@@ -1333,7 +1302,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that getting EC key characteristics requires the correct app ID/data.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcGetKeyCharacteristicsRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcGetKeyCharacteristicsRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
     HidlBuf key_blob;
     KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
@@ -1353,7 +1322,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that using an EC key requires the correct app ID/data.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, EcUseRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, EcUseRequiresCorrectAppIdAppData) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
               GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                   .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1390,7 +1359,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempts to use AES keys to sign fail in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, AesEcbSign) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, AesEcbSign) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .SigningKey()
@@ -1409,7 +1378,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that HMAC works with all digests.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacAllDigests) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacAllDigests) {
     for (auto digest : ValidDigests(false /* withNone */, false /* withMD5 */)) {
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                                  .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -1431,7 +1400,7 @@
  * Verifies that HMAC fails in the correct way when asked to generate a MAC larger than the digest
  * size.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooLargeMacLength) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooLargeMacLength) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -1452,7 +1421,7 @@
  * Verifies that HMAC fails in the correct way when asked to generate a MAC smaller than the
  * specified minimum MAC length.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooSmallMacLength) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacSha256TooSmallMacLength) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -1472,7 +1441,7 @@
  *
  * Validates against the test vectors from RFC 4231 test case 3.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase3) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase3) {
     string key(20, 0xaa);
     string message(50, 0xdd);
     uint8_t sha_224_expected[] = {
@@ -1511,7 +1480,7 @@
  *
  * Validates against the test vectors from RFC 4231 test case 5.
  */
-TEST_F(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase5) {
+TEST_P(SigningOperationsTest, HmacRfc4231TestCase5) {
     string key(20, 0x0c);
     string message = "Test With Truncation";
 
@@ -1547,7 +1516,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that a simple RSA signature/verification sequence succeeds.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1565,7 +1534,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies RSA signature/verification for all padding modes and digests.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaAllPaddingsAndDigests) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, RsaAllPaddingsAndDigests) {
     auto authorizations = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                               .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                               .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1659,7 +1628,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies ECDSA signature/verification for all digests and curves.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, EcdsaAllDigestsAndCurves) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, EcdsaAllDigestsAndCurves) {
     auto digests = ValidDigests(true /* withNone */, false /* withMD5 */);
 
     string message = "1234567890";
@@ -1739,7 +1708,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies HMAC signing and verification, but that a signing key cannot be used to verify.
  */
-TEST_F(VerificationOperationsTest, HmacSigningKeyCannotVerify) {
+TEST_P(VerificationOperationsTest, HmacSigningKeyCannotVerify) {
     string key_material = "HelloThisIsAKey";
 
     HidlBuf signing_key, verification_key;
@@ -1787,7 +1756,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to export RSA keys in PKCS#8 format fails with the correct error.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, RsaUnsupportedKeyFormat) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, RsaUnsupportedKeyFormat) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                              .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -1802,7 +1771,7 @@
  * Verifies that attempting to export RSA keys from corrupted key blobs fails.  This is essentially
  * a poor-man's key blob fuzzer.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, RsaCorruptedKeyBlob) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, RsaCorruptedKeyBlob) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -1825,7 +1794,7 @@
  * Verifies that attempting to export ECDSA keys from corrupted key blobs fails.  This is
  * essentially a poor-man's key blob fuzzer.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, EcCorruptedKeyBlob) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, EcCorruptedKeyBlob) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
@@ -1846,7 +1815,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to export AES keys fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(ExportKeyTest, AesKeyUnexportable) {
+TEST_P(ExportKeyTest, AesKeyUnexportable) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -1894,7 +1863,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an RSA key pair works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, RsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                            .RsaSigningKey(1024, 65537)
@@ -1921,7 +1890,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an RSA key pair with a size that doesn't match the key fails in the
  * correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, RsaKeySizeMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaKeySizeMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .RsaSigningKey(2048 /* Doesn't match key */, 65537)
@@ -1936,7 +1905,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an RSA key pair with a public exponent that doesn't match the key fails
  * in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, RsaPublicExponentMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, RsaPublicExponentMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .RsaSigningKey(1024, 3 /* Doesn't match key */)
@@ -1950,7 +1919,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-256 key pair works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                            .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
@@ -1975,7 +1944,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-256 key pair encoded using RFC5915 works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaP256RFC5915Success) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaP256RFC5915Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                                .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                                .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
@@ -2000,7 +1969,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-256 key pair encoded using SEC1 works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaP256SEC1Success) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaP256SEC1Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                                .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                                .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
@@ -2025,7 +1994,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an ECDSA P-521 key pair works correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, Ecdsa521Success) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, Ecdsa521Success) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -2051,7 +2020,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an ECDSA key pair with a size that doesn't match the key fails in the
  * correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSizeMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaSizeMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .EcdsaSigningKey(224 /* Doesn't match key */)
@@ -2065,7 +2034,7 @@
  * Verifies that importing an ECDSA key pair with a curve that doesn't match the key fails in the
  * correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaCurveMismatch) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, EcdsaCurveMismatch) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::IMPORT_PARAMETER_MISMATCH,
               ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                             .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_224 /* Doesn't match key */)
@@ -2078,7 +2047,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an AES key works.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, AesSuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, AesSuccess) {
     string key = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -2105,7 +2074,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that importing and using an HMAC key works.
  */
-TEST_F(ImportKeyTest, HmacKeySuccess) {
+TEST_P(ImportKeyTest, HmacKeySuccess) {
     string key = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, ImportKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                            .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -2180,7 +2149,7 @@
 
 class ImportWrappedKeyTest : public KeymasterHidlTest {};
 
-TEST_F(ImportWrappedKeyTest, Success) {
+TEST_P(ImportWrappedKeyTest, Success) {
     auto wrapping_key_desc = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                  .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
                                  .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -2201,7 +2170,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(message, plaintext);
 }
 
-TEST_F(ImportWrappedKeyTest, SuccessMasked) {
+TEST_P(ImportWrappedKeyTest, SuccessMasked) {
     auto wrapping_key_desc = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                  .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
                                  .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -2216,7 +2185,7 @@
                       .Padding(PaddingMode::RSA_OAEP)));
 }
 
-TEST_F(ImportWrappedKeyTest, WrongMask) {
+TEST_P(ImportWrappedKeyTest, WrongMask) {
     auto wrapping_key_desc = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                  .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
                                  .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -2231,7 +2200,7 @@
                       .Padding(PaddingMode::RSA_OAEP)));
 }
 
-TEST_F(ImportWrappedKeyTest, WrongPurpose) {
+TEST_P(ImportWrappedKeyTest, WrongPurpose) {
     auto wrapping_key_desc = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                  .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
                                  .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)
@@ -2252,7 +2221,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2275,7 +2244,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption of short messages works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingShortMessage) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingShortMessage) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2304,7 +2273,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption of too-long messages fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLong) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2324,7 +2293,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that raw RSA encryption of too-large (numerically) messages fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLarge) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaNoPaddingTooLarge) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2366,7 +2335,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations work, with all digests.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepSuccess) {
     auto digests = ValidDigests(false /* withNone */, true /* withMD5 */);
 
     size_t key_size = 2048;  // Need largish key for SHA-512 test.
@@ -2417,7 +2386,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations fail in the correct way when asked to operate
  * without a digest.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepInvalidDigest) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepInvalidDigest) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2435,7 +2404,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations fail in the correct way when asked to decrypt with a
  * different digest than was used to encrypt.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepDecryptWithWrongDigest) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepDecryptWithWrongDigest) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
 
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
@@ -2463,7 +2432,7 @@
  * Verifies that RSA-OAEP encryption operations fail in the correct way when asked to encrypt a
  * too-large message.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepTooLarge) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaOaepTooLarge) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2486,7 +2455,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA PKCS encryption/decrypts works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Success) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1Success) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2525,7 +2494,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that RSA PKCS encryption fails in the correct way when the mssage is too large.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1TooLarge) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, RsaPkcs1TooLarge) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -2545,7 +2514,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to use ECDSA keys to encrypt fails in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, EcdsaEncrypt) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, EcdsaEncrypt) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(256)
@@ -2560,7 +2529,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attempting to use HMAC keys to encrypt fails in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, HmacEncrypt) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, HmacEncrypt) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -2580,7 +2549,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES ECB mode works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2609,7 +2578,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES encryption fails in the correct way when an unauthorized mode is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesWrongMode) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesWrongMode) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2628,7 +2597,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES encryption fails in the correct way when an unauthorized purpose is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesWrongPurpose) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesWrongPurpose) {
     auto err = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                    .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                    .AesKey(128)
@@ -2638,8 +2607,10 @@
                                    .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE));
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, err) << "Got " << err;
 
-    err = Begin(KeyPurpose::DECRYPT,
-                AuthorizationSetBuilder().BlockMode(BlockMode::GCM).Padding(PaddingMode::NONE));
+    err = Begin(KeyPurpose::DECRYPT, AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                             .BlockMode(BlockMode::GCM)
+                                             .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
+                                             .Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, 128));
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INCOMPATIBLE_PURPOSE, err) << "Got " << err;
 
     CheckedDeleteKey();
@@ -2652,8 +2623,10 @@
                                                  .Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)
                                                  .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)));
 
-    err = Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT,
-                AuthorizationSetBuilder().BlockMode(BlockMode::GCM).Padding(PaddingMode::NONE));
+    err = Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                             .BlockMode(BlockMode::GCM)
+                                             .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
+                                             .Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, 128));
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INCOMPATIBLE_PURPOSE, err) << "Got " << err;
 }
 
@@ -2663,7 +2636,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES encryption fails in the correct way when provided an input that is not a
  * multiple of the block size and no padding is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbNoPaddingWrongInputSize) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbNoPaddingWrongInputSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2684,7 +2657,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES PKCS7 padding works for any message length.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7Padding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7Padding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2709,7 +2682,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES enryption fails in the correct way when an unauthorized padding mode is
  * specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbWrongPadding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbWrongPadding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2730,7 +2703,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES decryption fails in the correct way when the padding is corrupted.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesEcbPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2761,7 +2734,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES CTR mode works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2808,7 +2781,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES works, all modes, when provided data in various size increments.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesIncremental) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesIncremental) {
     auto block_modes = {
         BlockMode::ECB, BlockMode::CBC, BlockMode::CTR, BlockMode::GCM,
     };
@@ -2947,7 +2920,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies AES CTR implementation against SP800-38A test vectors.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrSp80038aTestVector) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrSp80038aTestVector) {
     std::vector<uint32_t> InvalidSizes = InvalidKeySizes(Algorithm::AES);
     for (size_t i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
         const AesCtrSp80038aTestVector& test(kAesCtrSp80038aTestVectors[i]);
@@ -2967,7 +2940,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster rejects use of CTR mode with PKCS7 padding in the correct way.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrIncompatiblePaddingMode) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrIncompatiblePaddingMode) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -2982,7 +2955,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster fails correctly when the user supplies an incorrect-size nonce.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrInvalidCallerNonce) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCtrInvalidCallerNonce) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3014,7 +2987,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keymaster fails correctly when the user supplies an incorrect-size nonce.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCbcRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCbcRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3047,7 +3020,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES caller-provided nonces work correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonce) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonce) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3096,7 +3069,7 @@
  * Verifies that caller-provided nonces are not permitted when not specified in the key
  * authorizations.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonceProhibited) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesCallerNonceProhibited) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3131,7 +3104,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3182,7 +3155,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works, even when there's a long delay
  * between operations.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmRoundTripWithDelaySuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmRoundTripWithDelaySuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3235,7 +3208,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that encrypting the same data with different nonces produces different outputs.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmDifferentNonces) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmDifferentNonces) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                                  .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                                  .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3267,7 +3240,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when a too-short tag length is specified.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTag) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTag) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3288,7 +3261,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when a too-short tag is provided to decryption.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTagOnDecrypt) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmTooShortTagOnDecrypt) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3331,7 +3304,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when the decryption key is incorrect.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptKey) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptKey) {
     const uint8_t nonce_bytes[] = {
         0xb7, 0x94, 0x37, 0xae, 0x08, 0xff, 0x35, 0x5d, 0x7d, 0x8a, 0x4d, 0x0f,
     };
@@ -3383,7 +3356,7 @@
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works when provided additional authenticated data, but no data to
  * encrypt.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadNoData) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadNoData) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3428,7 +3401,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode works when provided additional authenticated data in multiple chunks.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmMultiPartAad) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmMultiPartAad) {
     const size_t tag_bits = 128;
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
@@ -3489,7 +3462,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM mode fails correctly when given AAD after data to encipher.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadOutOfOrder) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmAadOutOfOrder) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3537,7 +3510,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM decryption fails correctly when additional authenticated date is wrong.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmBadAad) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmBadAad) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3581,7 +3554,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM decryption fails correctly when the nonce is incorrect.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmWrongNonce) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmWrongNonce) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3625,7 +3598,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that AES GCM decryption fails correctly when the tag is wrong.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptTag) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, AesGcmCorruptTag) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -3673,7 +3646,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that 3DES is basically functional.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbRoundTripSuccess) {
     auto auths = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                      .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                      .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
@@ -3702,7 +3675,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that CBC keys reject ECB usage.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbNotAuthorized) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbNotAuthorized) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -3718,7 +3691,7 @@
  *
  * Tests ECB mode with PKCS#7 padding, various message sizes.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbPkcs7Padding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbPkcs7Padding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
@@ -3741,7 +3714,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that keys configured for no padding reject PKCS7 padding
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbNoPaddingKeyWithPkcs7Padding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbNoPaddingKeyWithPkcs7Padding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
@@ -3759,7 +3732,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that corrupted padding is detected.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesEcbPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
@@ -3875,7 +3848,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that NIST (plus a few extra) test vectors produce the correct results.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesTestVector) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesTestVector) {
     constexpr size_t num_tests = sizeof(kTripleDesTestVectors) / sizeof(TripleDesTestVector);
     for (auto* test = kTripleDesTestVectors; test < kTripleDesTestVectors + num_tests; ++test) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(test->name);
@@ -3890,7 +3863,7 @@
  *
  * Validates CBC mode functionality.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcRoundTripSuccess) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcRoundTripSuccess) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -3919,7 +3892,7 @@
  *
  * Validates that 3DES keys can allow caller-specified IVs, and use them correctly.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCallerIv) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCallerIv) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -3954,7 +3927,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that 3DES keys without TAG_CALLER_NONCE do not allow caller-specified IVS.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCallerNonceProhibited) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCallerNonceProhibited) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -3986,7 +3959,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that 3DES ECB-only keys do not allow CBC usage.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcNotAuthorized) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcNotAuthorized) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
@@ -4004,7 +3977,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that unpadded CBC operations reject inputs that are not a multiple of block size.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcNoPaddingWrongInputSize) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcNoPaddingWrongInputSize) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -4026,7 +3999,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that PKCS7 padding works correctly in CBC mode.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcPkcs7Padding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcPkcs7Padding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -4049,7 +4022,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that a key that requires PKCS7 padding cannot be used in unpadded mode.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcNoPaddingKeyWithPkcs7Padding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcNoPaddingKeyWithPkcs7Padding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -4069,7 +4042,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that corrupted PKCS7 padding is rejected during decryption.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcPkcs7PaddingCorrupted) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -4100,7 +4073,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that 3DES CBC works with many different input sizes.
  */
-TEST_F(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcIncrementalNoPadding) {
+TEST_P(EncryptionOperationsTest, TripleDesCbcIncrementalNoPadding) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .TripleDesEncryptionKey(168)
                                              .BlockMode(BlockMode::CBC)
@@ -4145,7 +4118,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the max uses per boot tag works correctly with AES keys.
  */
-TEST_F(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitAes) {
+TEST_P(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitAes) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
 
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
@@ -4172,7 +4145,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the max uses per boot tag works correctly with RSA keys.
  */
-TEST_F(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitRsa) {
+TEST_P(MaxOperationsTest, TestLimitRsa) {
     if (SecLevel() == SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX) return;
 
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
@@ -4201,7 +4174,7 @@
  * Verifies that the addRngEntropy method doesn't blow up.  There's no way to test that entropy is
  * actually added.
  */
-TEST_F(AddEntropyTest, AddEntropy) {
+TEST_P(AddEntropyTest, AddEntropy) {
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, keymaster().addRngEntropy(HidlBuf("foo")));
 }
 
@@ -4210,7 +4183,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the addRngEntropy method doesn't blow up when given an empty buffer.
  */
-TEST_F(AddEntropyTest, AddEmptyEntropy) {
+TEST_P(AddEntropyTest, AddEmptyEntropy) {
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, keymaster().addRngEntropy(HidlBuf()));
 }
 
@@ -4219,7 +4192,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that the addRngEntropy method doesn't blow up when given a largish amount of data.
  */
-TEST_F(AddEntropyTest, AddLargeEntropy) {
+TEST_P(AddEntropyTest, AddLargeEntropy) {
     EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, keymaster().addRngEntropy(HidlBuf(string(2 * 1024, 'a'))));
 }
 
@@ -4230,8 +4203,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to RSA keys works and generates the expected output.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, RsaAttestation) {
-    auto creation_time = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, RsaAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -4256,7 +4228,7 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record("challenge", "foo",                     //
                                           key_characteristics_.softwareEnforced,  //
                                           key_characteristics_.hardwareEnforced,  //
-                                          SecLevel(), cert_chain[0], creation_time));
+                                          SecLevel(), cert_chain[0]));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4264,7 +4236,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to RSA requires app ID.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, RsaAttestationRequiresAppId) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, RsaAttestationRequiresAppId) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -4284,8 +4256,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to EC keys works and generates the expected output.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, EcAttestation) {
-    auto creation_time = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, EcAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
@@ -4307,7 +4278,7 @@
     EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record("challenge", "foo",                     //
                                           key_characteristics_.softwareEnforced,  //
                                           key_characteristics_.hardwareEnforced,  //
-                                          SecLevel(), cert_chain[0], creation_time));
+                                          SecLevel(), cert_chain[0]));
 }
 
 /*
@@ -4315,7 +4286,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to EC keys requires app ID
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, EcAttestationRequiresAttestationAppId) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, EcAttestationRequiresAttestationAppId) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
@@ -4337,33 +4308,36 @@
  * byte. Proper DER encoding specifies that for lengths greather than 127, one byte should be used
  * to specify how many following bytes will be used to encode the length.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, AttestationApplicationIDLengthProperlyEncoded) {
-    auto creation_time = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                                 .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
-                                                 .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
-                                                 .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)));
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, AttestationApplicationIDLengthProperlyEncoded) {
+    std::vector<uint32_t> app_id_lengths{143, 258};
+    for (uint32_t length : app_id_lengths) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                                     .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                                     .EcdsaSigningKey(EcCurve::P_256)
+                                                     .Digest(Digest::SHA_2_256)));
 
-    hidl_vec<hidl_vec<uint8_t>> cert_chain;
-    const string app_id(143, 'a');
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
-              AttestKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
-                                .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE, HidlBuf("challenge"))
-                                .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, HidlBuf(app_id)),
-                        &cert_chain));
-    EXPECT_GE(cert_chain.size(), 2U);
+        hidl_vec<hidl_vec<uint8_t>> cert_chain;
+        const string app_id(length, 'a');
+        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK,
+                  AttestKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                    .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE, HidlBuf("challenge"))
+                                    .Authorization(TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID, HidlBuf(app_id)),
+                            &cert_chain));
+        EXPECT_GE(cert_chain.size(), 2U);
 
-    EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record("challenge", app_id,                    //
-                                          key_characteristics_.softwareEnforced,  //
-                                          key_characteristics_.hardwareEnforced,  //
-                                          SecLevel(), cert_chain[0], creation_time));
+        EXPECT_TRUE(verify_attestation_record("challenge", app_id,                    //
+                                              key_characteristics_.softwareEnforced,  //
+                                              key_characteristics_.hardwareEnforced,  //
+                                              SecLevel(), cert_chain[0]));
+        CheckedDeleteKey();
+    }
 }
 /*
  * AttestationTest.AesAttestation
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to AES keys fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, AesAttestation) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, AesAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
@@ -4383,7 +4357,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that attesting to HMAC keys fails in the expected way.
  */
-TEST_F(AttestationTest, HmacAttestation) {
+TEST_P(AttestationTest, HmacAttestation) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .HmacKey(128)
@@ -4407,7 +4381,7 @@
  * This test checks that if rollback protection is implemented, DeleteKey invalidates a formerly
  * valid key blob.
  */
-TEST_F(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteKey) {
+TEST_P(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteKey) {
     auto error = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                      .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
                                      .Digest(Digest::NONE)
@@ -4439,7 +4413,7 @@
  *
  * This test checks that the HAL excepts invalid key blobs..
  */
-TEST_F(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteInvalidKey) {
+TEST_P(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteInvalidKey) {
     // Generate key just to check if rollback protection is implemented
     auto error = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                      .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -4475,7 +4449,7 @@
  * been provisioned. Use this test only on dedicated testing devices that have no valuable
  * credentials stored in Keystore/Keymaster.
  */
-TEST_F(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteAllKeys) {
+TEST_P(KeyDeletionTest, DeleteAllKeys) {
     if (!arm_deleteAllKeys) return;
     auto error = GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                      .RsaSigningKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -4511,7 +4485,7 @@
  *
  * Verifies that calling upgrade key on an up-to-date key works (i.e. does nothing).
  */
-TEST_F(UpgradeKeyTest, UpgradeKey) {
+TEST_P(UpgradeKeyTest, UpgradeKey) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .AesEncryptionKey(128)
                                              .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)
@@ -4523,7 +4497,6 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(result, std::make_pair(ErrorCode::OK, HidlBuf()));
 }
 
-
 using ClearOperationsTest = KeymasterHidlTest;
 
 /*
@@ -4534,7 +4507,7 @@
  * that aborting the operations clears the operations.
  *
  */
-TEST_F(ClearOperationsTest, TooManyOperations) {
+TEST_P(ClearOperationsTest, TooManyOperations) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -4566,8 +4539,7 @@
  * Verifies that the service is restarted after death and the ongoing
  * operations are cleared.
  */
-TEST_F(ClearOperationsTest, ServiceDeath) {
-
+TEST_P(ClearOperationsTest, ServiceDeath) {
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
                                              .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
                                              .RsaEncryptionKey(2048, 65537)
@@ -4600,6 +4572,96 @@
     }
 }
 
+typedef KeymasterHidlTest TransportLimitTest;
+
+/*
+ * TransportLimitTest.LargeFinishInput
+ *
+ * Verifies that passing large input data to finish either succeeds or fails as expected.
+ */
+TEST_P(TransportLimitTest, LargeFinishInput) {
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, GenerateKey(AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                                 .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                                 .AesEncryptionKey(128)
+                                                 .BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB)
+                                                 .Padding(PaddingMode::NONE)));
+
+    for (int msg_size = 10 /*1KB*/; msg_size <= 17 /*128KB*/; msg_size++) {
+        auto cipher_params =
+                AuthorizationSetBuilder().BlockMode(BlockMode::ECB).Padding(PaddingMode::NONE);
+
+        AuthorizationSet out_params;
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, cipher_params, &out_params));
+
+        string plain_message = std::string(1 << msg_size, 'x');
+        string encrypted_message;
+        auto rc = Finish(plain_message, &encrypted_message);
+
+        if (rc == ErrorCode::OK) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(plain_message.size(), encrypted_message.size())
+                    << "Encrypt finish returned OK, but did not consume all of the given input";
+        } else {
+            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH, rc)
+                    << "Encrypt finish failed in an unexpected way when given a large input";
+            continue;
+        }
+        cipher_params.push_back(out_params);
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::OK, Begin(KeyPurpose::DECRYPT, cipher_params));
+
+        string decrypted_message;
+        rc = Finish(encrypted_message, &decrypted_message);
+
+        if (rc == ErrorCode::OK) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(plain_message.size(), decrypted_message.size())
+                    << "Decrypt finish returned OK, did not consume all of the given input";
+        } else {
+            EXPECT_EQ(ErrorCode::INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH, rc)
+                    << "Encrypt finish failed in an unexpected way when given a large input";
+        }
+    }
+
+    CheckedDeleteKey();
+}
+
+static const auto kKeymasterDeviceChoices =
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IKeymasterDevice::descriptor));
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, NewKeyGenerationTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, ImportKeyTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, ImportWrappedKeyTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, SigningOperationsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, VerificationOperationsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, ExportKeyTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, EncryptionOperationsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, MaxOperationsTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, AddEntropyTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, AttestationTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, KeyDeletionTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, TransportLimitTest, kKeymasterDeviceChoices,
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
 
 }  // namespace test
 }  // namespace V4_0
@@ -4607,12 +4669,8 @@
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
 
-using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::test::KeymasterHidlEnvironment;
-
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(KeymasterHidlEnvironment::Instance());
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    KeymasterHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
     for (int i = 1; i < argc; ++i) {
         if (argv[i][0] == '-') {
             if (std::string(argv[i]) == "--arm_deleteAllKeys") {
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/Android.bp
similarity index 65%
copy from vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
copy to keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/Android.bp
index 202a824..9434bc9 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/Android.bp
@@ -14,20 +14,16 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //
 
-cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest",
+cc_benchmark {
+    name: "keymaster_benchmark",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
-    srcs: ["VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest.cpp"],
-    static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.3",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.4",
+    srcs: [
+        "Benchmark.cpp",
     ],
-    test_suites: [
-        "general-tests",
-        "vts-core",
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
+        "libkeymaster4support",
+        "libsoftkeymasterdevice",
+        "libchrome"
     ],
 }
-
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/Benchmark.cpp b/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/Benchmark.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96ef5bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/Benchmark.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,717 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "keymaster_benchmark"
+
+#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.0/IKeymasterDevice.h>
+#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.0/types.h>
+#include <keymaster/keymaster_configuration.h>
+#include <keymasterV4_0/authorization_set.h>
+
+#include <android/hidl/manager/1.0/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+#include <iostream>
+
+#include <log/log.h>
+#include <utils/StrongPointer.h>
+
+#include <benchmark/benchmark.h>
+#include <hidl/Status.h>
+
+#include <base/command_line.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace keymaster {
+namespace V4_0 {
+namespace test {
+
+// libutils:
+using android::OK;
+using android::sp;
+using android::status_t;
+
+// libhidl:
+using android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using android::hardware::Return;
+using android::hardware::Void;
+
+// IKeymaster:
+using android::IServiceManager;
+using android::hardware::hidl_string;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::AuthorizationSet;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::AuthorizationSetBuilder;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::BlockMode;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::ErrorCode;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::IKeymasterDevice;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::KeyCharacteristics;
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::SecurityLevel;
+
+// Standard library:
+using std::cerr;
+using std::cout;
+using std::endl;
+using std::optional;
+using std::string;
+using std::unique_ptr;
+using std::vector;
+
+class HidlBuf : public hidl_vec<uint8_t> {
+    typedef hidl_vec<uint8_t> super;
+
+  public:
+    HidlBuf() {}
+    HidlBuf(const super& other) : super(other) {}
+    HidlBuf(super&& other) : super(std::move(other)) {}
+    explicit HidlBuf(const std::string& other) : HidlBuf() { *this = other; }
+
+    HidlBuf& operator=(const super& other) {
+        super::operator=(other);
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    HidlBuf& operator=(super&& other) {
+        super::operator=(std::move(other));
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    HidlBuf& operator=(const string& other) {
+        resize(other.size());
+        std::copy(other.begin(), other.end(), begin());
+        return *this;
+    }
+
+    string to_string() const { return string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(data()), size()); }
+};
+
+#define SMALL_MESSAGE_SIZE 64
+#define MEDIUM_MESSAGE_SIZE 1024
+#define LARGE_MESSAGE_SIZE 131072
+
+class KeymasterWrapper {
+  private:
+    sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster_;
+    SecurityLevel securityLevel_;
+    hidl_string name_;
+    hidl_string author_;
+    HidlBuf key_blob_;
+    KeyCharacteristics key_characteristics_;
+    ErrorCode error_;
+    string key_transform_;
+    string keymaster_name_;
+    uint32_t os_version_;
+    uint32_t os_patch_level_;
+    std::vector<string> message_cache_;
+
+    bool GenerateKey(const AuthorizationSet& authSet) {
+        return (keymaster_
+                        ->generateKey(
+                                authSet.hidl_data(),
+                                [&](ErrorCode hidl_error, const hidl_vec<uint8_t>& hidl_key_blob,
+                                    const KeyCharacteristics& hidl_key_characteristics) {
+                                    error_ = hidl_error;
+                                    key_blob_ = hidl_key_blob;
+                                    key_characteristics_ = std::move(hidl_key_characteristics);
+                                })
+                        .isOk() &&
+                error_ == ErrorCode::OK);
+    }
+
+    bool GenerateKey(Algorithm algorithm, int keySize, Digest digest = Digest::NONE,
+                     PaddingMode padding = PaddingMode::NONE, optional<BlockMode> blockMode = {}) {
+        AuthorizationSetBuilder authSet = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::DECRYPT)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::SIGN)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_PURPOSE, KeyPurpose::VERIFY)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_KEY_SIZE, keySize)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_ALGORITHM, algorithm)
+                                                  .Digest(digest)
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH, 128)
+                                                  .Padding(padding);
+        if (blockMode) {
+            authSet.BlockMode(*blockMode);
+        }
+        if (algorithm == Algorithm::RSA) {
+            authSet.Authorization(TAG_RSA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, 65537U);
+        }
+        return GenerateKey(authSet);
+    }
+
+    KeymasterWrapper(const sp<IKeymasterDevice> keymaster) {
+        os_version_ = ::keymaster::GetOsVersion();
+        os_patch_level_ = ::keymaster::GetOsPatchlevel();
+        keymaster_ = keymaster;
+        keymaster_->getHardwareInfo([&](SecurityLevel securityLevel, const hidl_string& name,
+                                        const hidl_string& author) {
+            securityLevel_ = securityLevel;
+            name_ = name;
+            author_ = author;
+        });
+
+        message_cache_.push_back(string(SMALL_MESSAGE_SIZE, 'x'));
+        message_cache_.push_back(string(MEDIUM_MESSAGE_SIZE, 'x'));
+        message_cache_.push_back(string(LARGE_MESSAGE_SIZE, 'x'));
+    }
+
+  public:
+    static KeymasterWrapper* newInstance(const std::string& keymaster_name) {
+        auto keymaster = IKeymasterDevice::getService(keymaster_name);
+        if (!keymaster) {
+            std::cerr << "Error: unable to find keymaster service named " << keymaster_name
+                      << std::endl;
+            return nullptr;
+        }
+        return new KeymasterWrapper(keymaster);
+    }
+
+    bool GenerateKey(string transform, int keySize, bool sign = false) {
+        if (transform == key_transform_) {
+            return true;
+        } else if (key_transform_ != "") {
+            // Deleting old key first
+            if (!DeleteKey()) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        optional<Algorithm> algorithm = getAlgorithm(transform);
+        if (!algorithm) {
+            cerr << "Error: invalid algorithm " << transform << endl;
+            return false;
+        }
+        key_transform_ = transform;
+        return GenerateKey(*algorithm, keySize, getDigest(transform), getPadding(transform, sign),
+                           getBlockMode(transform));
+    }
+
+    bool DeleteKey() {
+        key_blob_ = HidlBuf();
+        key_transform_ = "";
+        return keymaster_->deleteKey(key_blob_).isOk();
+    }
+
+    AuthorizationSet getOperationParams(string transform, bool sign = false) {
+        AuthorizationSetBuilder builder = AuthorizationSetBuilder()
+                                                  .Padding(getPadding(transform, sign))
+                                                  .Authorization(TAG_MAC_LENGTH, 128)
+                                                  .Digest(getDigest(transform));
+        optional<BlockMode> blockMode = getBlockMode(transform);
+        if (blockMode) {
+            builder.BlockMode(*blockMode);
+        }
+        return std::move(builder);
+    }
+
+    optional<OperationHandle> EncryptBegin(AuthorizationSet& in_params,
+                                           AuthorizationSet* out_params = new AuthorizationSet) {
+        return Begin(KeyPurpose::ENCRYPT, in_params, out_params);
+    }
+
+    optional<OperationHandle> DecryptBegin(AuthorizationSet& in_params,
+                                           AuthorizationSet* out_params = new AuthorizationSet) {
+        return Begin(KeyPurpose::DECRYPT, in_params, out_params);
+    }
+
+    optional<OperationHandle> SignBegin(AuthorizationSet& in_params,
+                                        AuthorizationSet* out_params = new AuthorizationSet) {
+        return Begin(KeyPurpose::SIGN, in_params, out_params);
+    }
+
+    optional<OperationHandle> VerifyBegin(AuthorizationSet& in_params,
+                                          AuthorizationSet* out_params = new AuthorizationSet) {
+        return Begin(KeyPurpose::VERIFY, in_params, out_params);
+    }
+
+    optional<OperationHandle> Begin(KeyPurpose operation, const AuthorizationSet& in_params,
+                                    AuthorizationSet* out_params) {
+        OperationHandle op_handle;
+        if (!keymaster_
+                     ->begin(operation, key_blob_, in_params.hidl_data(), HardwareAuthToken(),
+                             [&](ErrorCode hidl_error,
+                                 const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& hidl_out_params,
+                                 uint64_t hidl_op_handle) {
+                                 error_ = hidl_error;
+                                 out_params->push_back(AuthorizationSet(hidl_out_params));
+                                 op_handle = hidl_op_handle;
+                             })
+                     .isOk() ||
+            error_ != ErrorCode::OK) {
+            keymaster_->abort(op_handle);
+            return {};
+        }
+        return op_handle;
+    }
+
+    optional<string> ProcessMessage(const OperationHandle& op_handle, const string& message,
+                                    const AuthorizationSet& in_params,
+                                    AuthorizationSet* out_params = new AuthorizationSet,
+                                    const string& signature = "") {
+        static const int HIDL_BUFFER_LIMIT = 1 << 14;  // 16KB
+
+        string output;
+        size_t input_consumed = 0;
+        while (message.length() - input_consumed > 0) {
+            if (!keymaster_
+                         ->update(op_handle, in_params.hidl_data(),
+                                  HidlBuf(message.substr(input_consumed, HIDL_BUFFER_LIMIT)),
+                                  HardwareAuthToken(), VerificationToken(),
+                                  [&](ErrorCode hidl_error, uint32_t hidl_input_consumed,
+                                      const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& hidl_out_params,
+                                      const HidlBuf& hidl_output) {
+                                      error_ = hidl_error;
+                                      out_params->push_back(AuthorizationSet(hidl_out_params));
+                                      output.append(hidl_output.to_string());
+                                      input_consumed += hidl_input_consumed;
+                                  })
+                         .isOk() ||
+                error_ != ErrorCode::OK) {
+                keymaster_->abort(op_handle);
+                return {};
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (!keymaster_
+                     ->finish(op_handle, in_params.hidl_data(),
+                              HidlBuf(message.substr(input_consumed)), HidlBuf(signature),
+                              HardwareAuthToken(), VerificationToken(),
+                              [&](ErrorCode hidl_error,
+                                  const hidl_vec<KeyParameter>& hidl_out_params,
+                                  const HidlBuf& hidl_output) {
+                                  error_ = hidl_error;
+                                  out_params->push_back(AuthorizationSet(hidl_out_params));
+                                  output.append(hidl_output.to_string());
+                              })
+                     .isOk() ||
+            error_ != ErrorCode::OK) {
+            keymaster_->abort(op_handle);
+            return {};
+        }
+
+        return output;
+    }
+
+    int getError() { return static_cast<int>(error_); }
+
+    const string getHardwareName() { return name_; }
+
+    SecurityLevel getSecurityLevel() { return securityLevel_; }
+
+    const string& GenerateMessage(int size) {
+        for (const string& message : message_cache_) {
+            if (message.size() == size) {
+                return message;
+            }
+        }
+        string message = string(size, 'x');
+        message_cache_.push_back(message);
+        return std::move(message);
+    }
+
+    optional<BlockMode> getBlockMode(string transform) {
+        if (transform.find("/ECB") != string::npos) {
+            return BlockMode::ECB;
+        } else if (transform.find("/CBC") != string::npos) {
+            return BlockMode::CBC;
+        } else if (transform.find("/CTR") != string::npos) {
+            return BlockMode::CTR;
+        } else if (transform.find("/GCM") != string::npos) {
+            return BlockMode::GCM;
+        }
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    PaddingMode getPadding(string transform, bool sign) {
+        if (transform.find("/PKCS7") != string::npos) {
+            return PaddingMode::PKCS7;
+        } else if (transform.find("/PSS") != string::npos) {
+            return PaddingMode::RSA_PSS;
+        } else if (transform.find("/OAEP") != string::npos) {
+            return PaddingMode::RSA_OAEP;
+        } else if (transform.find("/PKCS1") != string::npos) {
+            return sign ? PaddingMode::RSA_PKCS1_1_5_SIGN : PaddingMode::RSA_PKCS1_1_5_ENCRYPT;
+        } else if (sign && transform.find("RSA") != string::npos) {
+            // RSA defaults to PKCS1 for sign
+            return PaddingMode::RSA_PKCS1_1_5_SIGN;
+        }
+        return PaddingMode::NONE;
+    }
+
+    optional<Algorithm> getAlgorithm(string transform) {
+        if (transform.find("AES") != string::npos) {
+            return Algorithm::AES;
+        } else if (transform.find("Hmac") != string::npos) {
+            return Algorithm::HMAC;
+        } else if (transform.find("DESede") != string::npos) {
+            return Algorithm::TRIPLE_DES;
+        } else if (transform.find("RSA") != string::npos) {
+            return Algorithm::RSA;
+        } else if (transform.find("EC") != string::npos) {
+            return Algorithm::EC;
+        }
+        cerr << "Can't find algorithm for " << transform << endl;
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    Digest getDigest(string transform) {
+        if (transform.find("MD5") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::MD5;
+        } else if (transform.find("SHA1") != string::npos ||
+                   transform.find("SHA-1") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::SHA1;
+        } else if (transform.find("SHA224") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::SHA_2_224;
+        } else if (transform.find("SHA256") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::SHA_2_256;
+        } else if (transform.find("SHA384") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::SHA_2_384;
+        } else if (transform.find("SHA512") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::SHA_2_512;
+        } else if (transform.find("RSA") != string::npos &&
+                   transform.find("OAEP") != string::npos) {
+            return Digest::SHA1;
+        }
+        return Digest::NONE;
+    }
+};
+
+KeymasterWrapper* keymaster;
+
+static void settings(benchmark::internal::Benchmark* benchmark) {
+    benchmark->Unit(benchmark::kMillisecond);
+}
+
+static void addDefaultLabel(benchmark::State& state) {
+    string secLevel;
+    switch (keymaster->getSecurityLevel()) {
+        case SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX:
+            secLevel = "STRONGBOX";
+            break;
+        case SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE:
+            secLevel = "SOFTWARE";
+            break;
+        case SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT:
+            secLevel = "TEE";
+            break;
+    }
+    state.SetLabel("hardware_name:" + keymaster->getHardwareName() + " sec_level:" + secLevel);
+}
+
+// clang-format off
+#define BENCHMARK_KM(func, transform, keySize) \
+    BENCHMARK_CAPTURE(func, transform/keySize, #transform "/" #keySize, keySize)->Apply(settings);
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_MSG(func, transform, keySize, msgSize)                                      \
+    BENCHMARK_CAPTURE(func, transform/keySize/msgSize, #transform "/" #keySize "/" #msgSize, \
+                      keySize, msgSize)                                                          \
+            ->Apply(settings);
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_ALL_MSGS(func, transform, keySize)             \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_MSG(func, transform, keySize, SMALL_MESSAGE_SIZE)  \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_MSG(func, transform, keySize, MEDIUM_MESSAGE_SIZE) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_MSG(func, transform, keySize, LARGE_MESSAGE_SIZE)
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER(transform, keySize, msgSize)   \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_MSG(encrypt, transform, keySize, msgSize) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_MSG(decrypt, transform, keySize, msgSize)
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(transform, keySize) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_ALL_MSGS(encrypt, transform, keySize)   \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_ALL_MSGS(decrypt, transform, keySize)
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, keySize) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_ALL_MSGS(sign, transform, keySize)         \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_ALL_MSGS(verify, transform, keySize)
+// clang-format on
+
+/*
+ * ============= KeyGen TESTS ==================
+ */
+static void keygen(benchmark::State& state, string transform, int keySize) {
+    addDefaultLabel(state);
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        keymaster->GenerateKey(transform, keySize);
+        state.PauseTiming();
+        keymaster->DeleteKey();
+        state.ResumeTiming();
+    }
+}
+
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, AES, 128);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, AES, 256);
+
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, RSA, 2048);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, RSA, 3072);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, RSA, 4096);
+
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, EC, 224);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, EC, 256);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, EC, 384);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, EC, 521);
+
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, DESede, 168);
+
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 64);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 128);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 256);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 512);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 1024);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 2048);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 4096);
+BENCHMARK_KM(keygen, Hmac, 8192);
+
+/*
+ * ============= SIGNATURE TESTS ==================
+ */
+
+static void sign(benchmark::State& state, string transform, int keySize, int msgSize) {
+    addDefaultLabel(state);
+    if (!keymaster->GenerateKey(transform, keySize, true)) {
+        state.SkipWithError(
+                ("Key generation error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    auto params = keymaster->getOperationParams(transform, true);
+    string message = keymaster->GenerateMessage(msgSize);
+
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        state.PauseTiming();
+        auto opHandle = keymaster->SignBegin(params);
+        if (!opHandle) {
+            state.SkipWithError(
+                    ("Error beginning sign, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            return;
+        }
+        state.ResumeTiming();
+        if (!keymaster->ProcessMessage(*opHandle, message, params)) {
+            state.SkipWithError(("Sign error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void verify(benchmark::State& state, string transform, int keySize, int msgSize) {
+    addDefaultLabel(state);
+    if (!keymaster->GenerateKey(transform, keySize, true)) {
+        state.SkipWithError(
+                ("Key generation error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    AuthorizationSet out_params;
+    AuthorizationSet in_params = keymaster->getOperationParams(transform, true);
+    string message = keymaster->GenerateMessage(msgSize);
+    auto opHandle = keymaster->SignBegin(in_params, &out_params);
+    if (!opHandle) {
+        state.SkipWithError(
+                ("Error beginning sign, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    optional<string> signature =
+            keymaster->ProcessMessage(*opHandle, message, in_params, &out_params);
+    if (!signature) {
+        state.SkipWithError(("Sign error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    in_params.push_back(out_params);
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        state.PauseTiming();
+        opHandle = keymaster->VerifyBegin(in_params);
+        if (!opHandle) {
+            state.SkipWithError(
+                    ("Verify begin error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            return;
+        }
+        state.ResumeTiming();
+        if (!keymaster->ProcessMessage(*opHandle, message, in_params, &out_params, *signature)) {
+            state.SkipWithError(("Verify error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// clang-format off
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(transform) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 64)      \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 128)     \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 256)     \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 512)     \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 1024)    \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 2024)    \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 4096)    \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 8192)
+
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(HmacSHA1)
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(HmacSHA256)
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(HmacSHA224)
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(HmacSHA256)
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(HmacSHA384)
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_HMAC_KEYS(HmacSHA512)
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(transform) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 224)      \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 256)      \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 384)      \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 521)
+
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(NONEwithECDSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(SHA1withECDSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(SHA224withECDSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(SHA256withECDSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(SHA384withECDSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_ECDSA_KEYS(SHA512withECDSA);
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(transform) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 2048)   \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 3072)   \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_MSGS(transform, 4096)
+
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(MD5withRSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA1withRSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA224withRSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA384withRSA);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA512withRSA);
+
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(MD5withRSA/PSS);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA1withRSA/PSS);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA224withRSA/PSS);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA384withRSA/PSS);
+BENCHMARK_KM_SIGNATURE_ALL_RSA_KEYS(SHA512withRSA/PSS);
+// clang-format on
+
+/*
+ * ============= CIPHER TESTS ==================
+ */
+
+static void encrypt(benchmark::State& state, string transform, int keySize, int msgSize) {
+    addDefaultLabel(state);
+    if (!keymaster->GenerateKey(transform, keySize)) {
+        state.SkipWithError(
+                ("Key generation error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    auto params = keymaster->getOperationParams(transform);
+    string message = keymaster->GenerateMessage(msgSize);
+
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        state.PauseTiming();
+        auto opHandle = keymaster->EncryptBegin(params);
+        if (!opHandle) {
+            state.SkipWithError(
+                    ("Encryption begin error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            return;
+        }
+        state.ResumeTiming();
+        if (!keymaster->ProcessMessage(*opHandle, message, params)) {
+            state.SkipWithError(
+                    ("Encryption error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void decrypt(benchmark::State& state, string transform, int keySize, int msgSize) {
+    addDefaultLabel(state);
+    if (!keymaster->GenerateKey(transform, keySize)) {
+        state.SkipWithError(
+                ("Key generation error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    AuthorizationSet out_params;
+    AuthorizationSet in_params = keymaster->getOperationParams(transform);
+    string message = keymaster->GenerateMessage(msgSize);
+    auto opHandle = keymaster->EncryptBegin(in_params, &out_params);
+    if (!opHandle) {
+        state.SkipWithError(
+                ("Encryption begin error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    auto encryptedMessage = keymaster->ProcessMessage(*opHandle, message, in_params, &out_params);
+    if (!encryptedMessage) {
+        state.SkipWithError(("Encryption error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+        return;
+    }
+    in_params.push_back(out_params);
+    for (auto _ : state) {
+        state.PauseTiming();
+        opHandle = keymaster->DecryptBegin(in_params);
+        if (!opHandle) {
+            state.SkipWithError(
+                    ("Decryption begin error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            return;
+        }
+        state.ResumeTiming();
+        if (!keymaster->ProcessMessage(*opHandle, *encryptedMessage, in_params)) {
+            state.SkipWithError(
+                    ("Decryption error, " + std::to_string(keymaster->getError())).c_str());
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// clang-format off
+// AES
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(transform) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(transform, 128)    \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(transform, 256)
+
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(AES/CBC/NoPadding);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(AES/CBC/PKCS7Padding);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(AES/CTR/NoPadding);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(AES/ECB/NoPadding);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(AES/ECB/PKCS7Padding);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_AES_KEYS(AES/GCM/NoPadding);
+
+// Triple DES
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(DESede/CBC/NoPadding, 168);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(DESede/CBC/PKCS7Padding, 168);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(DESede/ECB/NoPadding, 168);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_MSGS(DESede/ECB/PKCS7Padding, 168);
+
+#define BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_RSA_KEYS(transform, msgSize) \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER(transform, 2048, msgSize)            \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER(transform, 3072, msgSize)            \
+    BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER(transform, 4096, msgSize)
+
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_RSA_KEYS(RSA/ECB/NoPadding, SMALL_MESSAGE_SIZE);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_RSA_KEYS(RSA/ECB/PKCS1Padding, SMALL_MESSAGE_SIZE);
+BENCHMARK_KM_CIPHER_ALL_RSA_KEYS(RSA/ECB/OAEPPadding, SMALL_MESSAGE_SIZE);
+// clang-format on
+
+}  // namespace test
+}  // namespace V4_0
+}  // namespace keymaster
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::benchmark::Initialize(&argc, argv);
+    base::CommandLine::Init(argc, argv);
+    base::CommandLine* command_line = base::CommandLine::ForCurrentProcess();
+    auto service_name = command_line->GetSwitchValueASCII("service_name");
+    if (service_name.empty()) {
+        service_name = "default";
+    }
+    android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::test::keymaster =
+            android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::test::KeymasterWrapper::newInstance(service_name);
+    if (!android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::test::keymaster) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+    ::benchmark::RunSpecifiedBenchmarks();
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/README b/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57d984a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.0/vts/performance/README
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Keymaster Benchmark
+
+The Keymaster Benchmark is a standalone tool for measuring the performance of keymaster implementations.
+
+## Building
+
+Build:
+`m  keymaster_benchmark`
+
+Transfer to device/emulator:
+`adb sync data`
+
+The benchmark executable should will be located at `data/benchmarktest/keymaster_benchmark/keymaster_benchmark` on the device.
+
+## Usage
+
+Keymaster Benchmark is built on [Google microbenchmark library](https://github.com/google/benchmark).
+All of the commandline arguments provided by the microbenchmark library are valid, such as `--benchmark_filter=<regex>` or `benchmark_out_format={json|console|csv}`.
+In addition to the command line arguments provided by microbenchmark, `--service_name=<service_name>` is provided allow specification of the keymaster service name, e.g. specify `--service_name=strongbox` to benchmark strongbox.
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.1/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b505d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
+
+hidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.keymaster@4.1",
+    root: "android.hardware",
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
+    srcs: [
+        "types.hal",
+        "IKeymasterDevice.hal",
+        "IOperation.hal",
+    ],
+    interfaces: [
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@3.0",
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
+        "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+    ],
+    gen_java: false,
+}
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/IKeymasterDevice.hal b/keymaster/4.1/IKeymasterDevice.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1456abe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/IKeymasterDevice.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.keymaster@4.1;
+
+import @4.0::ErrorCode;
+import @4.0::HardwareAuthToken;
+import @4.0::IKeymasterDevice;
+import @4.0::KeyParameter;
+import @4.0::KeyPurpose;
+import @4.0::OperationHandle;
+import @4.0::VerificationToken;
+
+import IOperation;
+
+/**
+ * @4.1::IKeymasterDevice is a minor extension to @4.0::IKeymasterDevice.  It adds support for
+ *
+ * - Partial hardware enforcment of UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED keys;
+ * - Device-unique attestaion;
+ * - Early boot only keys;
+ * - Better cleanup of operations when clients die without completing or aborting them.
+ *
+ * @4.1::IKeymasterDevice::attestKey() must produce attestations with keymasterVersion 41.  An
+ * oversight in the original numbering left no room for minor versions, so starting with 4.1 the
+ * versions will be numbered as major_version * 10 + minor version.  The addition of new attestable
+ * tags changes the attestation format again, slightly, so the attestationVersion must be 4.
+ */
+interface IKeymasterDevice extends @4.0::IKeymasterDevice {
+    /**
+     * Called by client to notify the IKeymasterDevice that the device is now locked, and keys with
+     * the UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED tag should no longer be usable.  When this function is called,
+     * the IKeymasterDevice should note the current timestamp, and attempts to use
+     * UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED keys must be rejected with Error::DEVICE_LOCKED until an
+     * authentication token with a later timestamp is presented.  If the `passwordOnly' argument is
+     * set to true the sufficiently-recent authentication token must indicate that the user
+     * authenticated with a password, not a biometric.
+     *
+     * Note that the IKeymasterDevice UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED semantics are slightly different from
+     * the UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED semantics enforced by keystore.  Keystore handles device locking
+     * on a per-user basis.  Because auth tokens do not contain an Android user ID, it's not
+     * possible to replicate the keystore enformcement logic in IKeymasterDevice.  So from the
+     * IKeymasterDevice perspective, any user unlock unlocks all UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED keys.
+     * Keystore will continue enforcing the per-user device locking.
+     *
+     * @param passwordOnly specifies whether the device must be unlocked with a password, rather
+     * than a biometric, before UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED keys can be used.
+     *
+     * @param verificationToken is used by StrongBox implementations of IKeymasterDevice.  It
+     * provides the StrongBox IKeymasterDevice with a fresh, MACed timestamp which it can use as the
+     * device-lock time, for future comparison against auth tokens when operations using
+     * UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED keys are attempted.  Unless the auth token timestamp is newer than
+     * the timestamp in the verificationToken, the device is still considered to be locked.
+     * Crucially, if a StrongBox IKeymasterDevice receives a deviceLocked() call with a verification
+     * token timestamp that is less than the timestamp in the last deviceLocked() call, it must
+     * ignore the new timestamp.  TEE IKeymasterDevice implementations will receive an empty
+     * verificationToken (zero values and empty vectors) and should use their own clock as the
+     * device-lock time.
+     */
+    deviceLocked(bool passwordOnly, VerificationToken verificationToken) generates (ErrorCode error);
+
+    /**
+     * Called by client to notify the IKeymasterDevice that the device has left the early boot
+     * state, and that keys with the EARLY_BOOT_ONLY tag may no longer be used.  All attempts to use
+     * an EARLY_BOOT_ONLY key after this method is called must fail with Error::INVALID_KEY_BLOB.
+     */
+    earlyBootEnded() generates (ErrorCode error);
+
+    /**
+     * Begins a cryptographic operation.  beginOp() is a variation on begin().  beginOp() has
+     * identical functionality to begin, but instead of an OperationHandle it returns an IOperation
+     * object.  An IKeymasterDevice HAL service must call linkToDeath() on the Operation before
+     * returning it, and the provided hidl_death_recipient, if called, must abort() the operation.
+     * This is to ensure that in the event a client crashes while an operation is in progress, the
+     * operation slot is freed and available for use by other clients.
+     *
+     * @4.1::IKeymasterDevices must implement both beginOp() and begin().
+     */
+    beginOp(KeyPurpose purpose, vec<uint8_t> keyBlob, vec<KeyParameter> inParams,
+        HardwareAuthToken authToken)
+        generates (ErrorCode error, vec<KeyParameter> outParam, IOperation operation);
+};
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/IOperation.hal b/keymaster/4.1/IOperation.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7103e9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/IOperation.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.keymaster@4.1;
+
+import @4.0::ErrorCode;
+import @4.0::OperationHandle;
+
+/**
+ * IOperation represents an in-progress IKeymasterDevice operation.  It is returned by
+ * IKeymasterDevice.beginOp().
+ */
+interface IOperation {
+    /**
+     * Returns the operation handle to be used as an authentication challenge.
+     */
+    getOperationChallenge() generates (ErrorCode error, OperationHandle operation);
+};
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/default/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.1/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b06878b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.keymaster@4.1-service",
+    defaults: ["hidl_defaults"],
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    vendor: true,
+    init_rc: ["android.hardware.keymaster@4.1-service.rc"],
+    srcs: ["service.cpp"],
+
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.1",
+        "libbase",
+        "libcutils",
+        "libhardware",
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "libkeymaster4",
+        "libkeymaster41",
+        "liblog",
+        "libutils",
+    ],
+
+}
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/default/OWNERS b/keymaster/4.1/default/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..335660d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/default/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+jdanis@google.com
+swillden@google.com
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/default/android.hardware.keymaster@4.1-service.rc b/keymaster/4.1/default/android.hardware.keymaster@4.1-service.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..740b3c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/default/android.hardware.keymaster@4.1-service.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+service vendor.keymaster-4-1 /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.keymaster@4.1-service
+    interface android.hardware.keymaster@4.0::IKeymasterDevice default
+    interface android.hardware.keymaster@4.1::IKeymasterDevice default
+    class early_hal
+    user system
+    group system drmrpc
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/default/service.cpp b/keymaster/4.1/default/service.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d79a291
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/default/service.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+** Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project
+**
+** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+** You may obtain a copy of the License at
+**
+**     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+**
+** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+** limitations under the License.
+*/
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.1/IKeymasterDevice.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
+
+#include <AndroidKeymaster41Device.h>
+
+using android::hardware::keymaster::V4_0::SecurityLevel;
+
+int main() {
+    ::android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool(1, true /* willJoinThreadpool */);
+    auto keymaster = ::keymaster::V4_1::CreateKeymasterDevice(SecurityLevel::SOFTWARE);
+    auto status = keymaster->registerAsService();
+    if (status != android::OK) {
+        LOG(FATAL) << "Could not register service for Keymaster 4.1 (" << status << ")";
+    }
+
+    android::hardware::joinRpcThreadpool();
+    return -1;  // Should never get here.
+}
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.1/support/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34b6108
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_library {
+    name: "libkeymaster4_1support",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    cflags: [
+        "-Wall",
+        "-Wextra",
+        "-Werror",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@3.0",
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.1",
+        "libkeymaster4support",
+    ]
+}
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/OWNERS b/keymaster/4.1/support/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a9efe66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+jdanis@google.com
+swillden@google.com
+jbires@google.com
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/authorization_set.h b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/authorization_set.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..afc0eaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/authorization_set.h
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_V4_1_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_AUTHORIZATION_SET_H_
+#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_V4_1_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_AUTHORIZATION_SET_H_
+
+#include <keymasterV4_0/authorization_set.h>
+
+#include <keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h>
+
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1 {
+
+using V4_0::AuthorizationSet;
+using V4_0::AuthorizationSetBuilder;
+using V4_0::KeyParameter;
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1
+
+#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_V4_1_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_AUTHORIZATION_SET_H_
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ffe8e1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/support/include/keymasterV4_1/keymaster_tags.h
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_V4_1_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_KEYMASTER_TAGS_H_
+#define HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_V4_1_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_KEYMASTER_TAGS_H_
+
+#include <android/hardware/keymaster/4.1/types.h>
+
+#include <keymasterV4_0/keymaster_tags.h>
+
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1 {
+
+using V4_0::BlockMode;
+using V4_0::Digest;
+using V4_0::EcCurve;
+using V4_0::ErrorCode;
+using V4_0::HardwareAuthToken;
+using V4_0::KeyParameter;
+using V4_0::PaddingMode;
+using V4_0::TagType;
+using V4_0::VerificationToken;
+
+using V4_0::TypedTag;
+
+using V4_0::TAG_ACTIVE_DATETIME;
+using V4_0::TAG_ALGORITHM;
+using V4_0::TAG_ALLOW_WHILE_ON_BODY;
+using V4_0::TAG_APPLICATION_DATA;
+using V4_0::TAG_APPLICATION_ID;
+using V4_0::TAG_ASSOCIATED_DATA;
+using V4_0::TAG_ATTESTATION_APPLICATION_ID;
+using V4_0::TAG_ATTESTATION_CHALLENGE;
+using V4_0::TAG_AUTH_TIMEOUT;
+using V4_0::TAG_BLOB_USAGE_REQUIREMENTS;
+using V4_0::TAG_BLOCK_MODE;
+using V4_0::TAG_BOOT_PATCHLEVEL;
+using V4_0::TAG_BOOTLOADER_ONLY;
+using V4_0::TAG_CALLER_NONCE;
+using V4_0::TAG_CONFIRMATION_TOKEN;
+using V4_0::TAG_CREATION_DATETIME;
+using V4_0::TAG_DIGEST;
+using V4_0::TAG_EC_CURVE;
+using V4_0::TAG_HARDWARE_TYPE;
+using V4_0::TAG_INCLUDE_UNIQUE_ID;
+using V4_0::TAG_INVALID;
+using V4_0::TAG_KEY_SIZE;
+using V4_0::TAG_MAC_LENGTH;
+using V4_0::TAG_MAX_USES_PER_BOOT;
+using V4_0::TAG_MIN_MAC_LENGTH;
+using V4_0::TAG_MIN_SECONDS_BETWEEN_OPS;
+using V4_0::TAG_NO_AUTH_REQUIRED;
+using V4_0::TAG_NONCE;
+using V4_0::TAG_ORIGIN;
+using V4_0::TAG_ORIGINATION_EXPIRE_DATETIME;
+using V4_0::TAG_OS_PATCHLEVEL;
+using V4_0::TAG_OS_VERSION;
+using V4_0::TAG_PADDING;
+using V4_0::TAG_PURPOSE;
+using V4_0::TAG_RESET_SINCE_ID_ROTATION;
+using V4_0::TAG_ROLLBACK_RESISTANCE;
+using V4_0::TAG_ROOT_OF_TRUST;
+using V4_0::TAG_RSA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT;
+using V4_0::TAG_TRUSTED_CONFIRMATION_REQUIRED;
+using V4_0::TAG_TRUSTED_USER_PRESENCE_REQUIRED;
+using V4_0::TAG_UNIQUE_ID;
+using V4_0::TAG_UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED;
+using V4_0::TAG_USAGE_EXPIRE_DATETIME;
+using V4_0::TAG_USER_AUTH_TYPE;
+using V4_0::TAG_USER_ID;
+using V4_0::TAG_USER_SECURE_ID;
+using V4_0::TAG_VENDOR_PATCHLEVEL;
+
+#define DECLARE_KM_4_1_TYPED_TAG(name)                                                   \
+    typedef typename V4_0::Tag2TypedTag<(static_cast<V4_0::Tag>(V4_1::Tag::name))>::type \
+            TAG_##name##_t;                                                              \
+    static TAG_##name##_t TAG_##name;
+
+DECLARE_KM_4_1_TYPED_TAG(EARLY_BOOT_ONLY);
+DECLARE_KM_4_1_TYPED_TAG(DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION);
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1
+
+#endif  // HARDWARE_INTERFACES_KEYMASTER_V4_1_SUPPORT_INCLUDE_KEYMASTER_TAGS_H_
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/types.hal b/keymaster/4.1/types.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e8b30e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/types.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.keymaster@4.1;
+
+import @4.0::ErrorCode;
+import @4.0::Tag;
+import @4.0::TagType;
+
+enum Tag : @4.0::Tag {
+    /**
+     * Keys tagged with EARLY_BOOT_ONLY may only be used, or created, during early boot, until
+     * IKeymasterDevice::earlyBootEnded() is called.
+     */
+    EARLY_BOOT_ONLY = TagType:BOOL | 305,
+
+    /**
+     * DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION is an argument to IKeymasterDevice::attestKey().  It indicates that
+     * attestation using a device-unique key is requested, rather than a batch key.  When a
+     * device-unique key is used, only the attestation certificate is returned; no additional
+     * chained certificates are provided.  It's up to the caller to recognize the device-unique
+     * signing key.  Only SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX IKeymasterDevices may support device-unique
+     * attestations.  SecurityLevel::TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT IKeymasterDevices must return
+     * ErrorCode::INVALID_ARGUMENT if they receive DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION.
+     * SecurityLevel::STRONGBOX IKeymasterDevices need not support DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION, and
+     * return ErrorCode::CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS if they do not support it.
+     *
+     * IKeymasterDevice implementations that support device-unique attestation MUST add the
+     * DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION tag to device-unique attestations.
+     */
+    DEVICE_UNIQUE_ATTESTATION = TagType:BOOL | 720,
+
+    /**
+     * IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_KEY is never used by IKeymasterDevice, is not a valid argument to key
+     * generation or any operation, is never returned by any method and is never used in a key
+     * attestation.  It is used in attestations produced by the IIdentityCredential HAL when that
+     * HAL attests to Credential Keys.  IIdentityCredential produces Keymaster-style attestations.
+     */
+    IDENTITY_CREDENTIAL_KEY = TagType:BOOL | 721,
+};
+
+enum ErrorCode : @4.0::ErrorCode {
+    EARLY_BOOT_ENDED = -73,
+    ATTESTATION_KEYS_NOT_PROVISIONED = -74,
+    ATTESTATION_IDS_NOT_PROVISIONED = -75,
+};
diff --git a/keymaster/4.1/vts/OWNERS b/keymaster/4.1/vts/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..335660d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/vts/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+jdanis@google.com
+swillden@google.com
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
similarity index 66%
copy from vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
copy to keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 202a824..f5a0c9c 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -15,19 +15,16 @@
 //
 
 cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest",
+    name: "VtsHalKeymasterV4_1TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
-    srcs: ["VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest.cpp"],
+    srcs: [
+        "EarlyBootKeyTest.cpp",
+    ],
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.3",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.4",
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.0",
+        "android.hardware.keymaster@4.1",
+        "libkeymaster4support",
+        "libkeymaster4_1support",
     ],
-    test_suites: [
-        "general-tests",
-        "vts-core",
-    ],
+    test_suites: ["vts-core"],
 }
-
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/EarlyBootKeyTest.cpp
similarity index 80%
rename from vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
rename to keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/EarlyBootKeyTest.cpp
index 76281bc..4a19010 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
+++ b/keymaster/4.1/vts/functional/EarlyBootKeyTest.cpp
@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package android.hardware.vibrator@1.4;
+namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::test {
 
-interface IVibratorCallback {
-    oneway onComplete();
-};
+// TODO(swillden): Put tests here.
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::keymaster::V4_1::test
diff --git a/light/aidl/Android.bp b/light/aidl/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..916a857
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+aidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.light",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "android/hardware/light/*.aidl",
+    ],
+    stability: "vintf",
+    backend: {
+        java: {
+            platform_apis: true,
+        },
+        ndk: {
+            vndk: {
+                enabled: true,
+            },
+        },
+    },
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/BrightnessMode.aidl b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/BrightnessMode.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc29699
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/BrightnessMode.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.hardware.light;
+
+@VintfStability
+enum BrightnessMode {
+    /**
+     * Light brightness is managed by a user setting.
+     */
+    USER = 0,
+
+    /**
+     * Light brightness is managed by a light sensor. This is typically used
+     * to control the display backlight, but not limited to it. HALs and
+     * hardware implementations are free to support sensor for other lights or
+     * none whatsoever.
+     */
+    SENSOR = 1,
+
+    /**
+     * Use a low-persistence mode for display backlights, where the pixel
+     * color transition times are lowered.
+     *
+     * When set, the device driver must switch to a mode optimized for low display
+     * persistence that is intended to be used when the device is being treated as a
+     * head mounted display (HMD). The actual display brightness in this mode is
+     * implementation dependent, and any value set for color in LightState may be
+     * overridden by the HAL implementation.
+     *
+     * For an optimal HMD viewing experience, the display must meet the following
+     * criteria in this mode:
+     * - Gray-to-Gray, White-to-Black, and Black-to-White switching time must be ≤ 3 ms.
+     * - The display must support low-persistence with ≤ 3.5 ms persistence.
+     *   Persistence is defined as the amount of time for which a pixel is
+     *   emitting light for a single frame.
+     * - Any "smart panel" or other frame buffering options that increase display
+     *   latency are disabled.
+     * - Display brightness is set so that the display is still visible to the user
+     *   under normal indoor lighting.
+     * - The display must update at 60 Hz at least, but higher refresh rates are
+     *   recommended for low latency.
+     *
+     */
+    LOW_PERSISTENCE = 2,
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/FlashMode.aidl b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/FlashMode.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00c6b6a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/FlashMode.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.hardware.light;
+
+@VintfStability
+enum FlashMode {
+    /**
+     * Keep the light steady on or off.
+     */
+    NONE = 0,
+    /**
+     * Flash the light at specified rate, potentially using a software-based
+     * implementation.
+     */
+    TIMED = 1,
+    /**
+     * Flash the light using hardware flashing support. This may or may not
+     * support a user-defined flashing rate or other features.
+     */
+    HARDWARE = 2,
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/HwLight.aidl b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/HwLight.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43fdb4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/HwLight.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.light;
+
+import android.hardware.light.LightType;
+
+/**
+ * A description of a single light. Multiple lights can map to the same physical
+ * LED. Separate physical LEDs are always represented by separate instances.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+parcelable HwLight {
+    /**
+     * Integer ID used for controlling this light
+     */
+    int id;
+
+    /**
+     * For a group of lights of the same logical type, sorting by ordinal should
+     * be give their physical order. No other meaning is carried by it.
+     */
+    int ordinal;
+
+    /**
+     * Logical type use of this light.
+     */
+    LightType type;
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/HwLightState.aidl b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/HwLightState.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..24d3250
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/HwLightState.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.light;
+
+import android.hardware.light.BrightnessMode;
+import android.hardware.light.FlashMode;
+
+/**
+ * The parameters that can be set for a given light.
+ *
+ * Not all lights must support all parameters. If you
+ * can do something backward-compatible, do it.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+parcelable HwLightState {
+    /**
+     * The color of the LED in ARGB.
+     *
+     * The implementation of this in the HAL and hardware is a best-effort one.
+     *   - If a light can only do red or green and blue is requested, green
+     *     should be shown.
+     *   - If only a brightness ramp is supported, then this formula applies:
+     *      unsigned char brightness = ((77*((color>>16)&0x00ff))
+     *              + (150*((color>>8)&0x00ff)) + (29*(color&0x00ff))) >> 8;
+     *   - If only on and off are supported, 0 is off, anything else is on.
+     *
+     * The high byte should be ignored. Callers should set it to 0xff (which
+     * would correspond to 255 alpha).
+     */
+    int color;
+
+    /**
+     * To flash the light at a given rate, set flashMode to FLASH_TIMED.
+     */
+    FlashMode flashMode;
+
+    /**
+     * flashOnMs should be set to the number of milliseconds to turn the
+     * light on, before it's turned off.
+     */
+    int flashOnMs;
+
+    /**
+     * flashOfMs should be set to the number of milliseconds to turn the
+     * light off, before it's turned back on.
+     */
+    int flashOffMs;
+
+    BrightnessMode brightnessMode;
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/ILights.aidl b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/ILights.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2253f73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/ILights.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.light;
+
+import android.hardware.light.HwLightState;
+import android.hardware.light.HwLight;
+
+/**
+ * Allows controlling logical lights/indicators, mapped to LEDs in a
+ * hardware-specific manner by the HAL implementation.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+interface ILights {
+    /**
+     * Set light identified by id to the provided state.
+     *
+     * If control over an invalid light is requested, this method exists with
+     * EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION. Control over supported lights is done on a
+     * device-specific best-effort basis and unsupported sub-features will not
+     * be reported.
+     *
+     * @param id ID of logical light to set as returned by getLights()
+     * @param state describes what the light should look like.
+     */
+    void setLightState(in int id, in HwLightState state);
+
+    /**
+     * Discover what lights are supported by the HAL implementation.
+     *
+     * @return List of available lights
+     */
+    HwLight[] getLights();
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/LightType.aidl b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/LightType.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a7f656
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/android/hardware/light/LightType.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.hardware.light;
+
+/**
+ * These light IDs correspond to logical lights, not physical.
+ * So for example, if your INDICATOR light is in line with your
+ * BUTTONS, it might make sense to also light the INDICATOR
+ * light to a reasonable color when the BUTTONS are lit.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+enum LightType {
+    BACKLIGHT = 0,
+    KEYBOARD = 1,
+    BUTTONS = 2,
+    BATTERY = 3,
+    NOTIFICATIONS = 4,
+    ATTENTION = 5,
+    BLUETOOTH = 6,
+    WIFI = 7,
+    MICROPHONE = 8,
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/default/Android.bp b/light/aidl/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae3f463
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.lights-service.example",
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    init_rc: ["lights-default.rc"],
+    vintf_fragments: ["lights-default.xml"],
+    vendor: true,
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "android.hardware.light-ndk_platform",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "Lights.cpp",
+        "main.cpp",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/light/aidl/default/Lights.cpp b/light/aidl/default/Lights.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74747d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/default/Lights.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "Lights.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+namespace aidl {
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace light {
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Lights::setLightState(int id, const HwLightState& state) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Lights setting state for id=" << id << " to color " << std::hex << state.color;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Lights::getLights(std::vector<HwLight>* /*lights*/) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Lights reporting supported lights";
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+}  // namespace light
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/light/aidl/default/Lights.h b/light/aidl/default/Lights.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8cba5a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/default/Lights.h
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/light/BnLights.h>
+
+namespace aidl {
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace light {
+
+// Default implementation that reports no supported lights.
+class Lights : public BnLights {
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setLightState(int id, const HwLightState& state) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getLights(std::vector<HwLight>* types) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace light
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/light/aidl/default/lights-default.rc b/light/aidl/default/lights-default.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..687ec97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/default/lights-default.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+service vendor.light-default /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.lights-service.example
+    class hal
+    user nobody
+    group nobody
+    shutdown critical
diff --git a/light/aidl/default/lights-default.xml b/light/aidl/default/lights-default.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db604d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/default/lights-default.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<manifest version="1.0" type="device">
+    <hal format="aidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.light</name>
+        <fqname>ILights/default</fqname>
+    </hal>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/light/aidl/default/main.cpp b/light/aidl/default/main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a860bf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/default/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "Lights.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+
+using ::aidl::android::hardware::light::Lights;
+
+int main() {
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(0);
+    std::shared_ptr<Lights> lights = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<Lights>();
+
+    const std::string instance = std::string() + Lights::descriptor + "/default";
+    binder_status_t status = AServiceManager_addService(lights->asBinder().get(), instance.c_str());
+    CHECK(status == STATUS_OK);
+
+    ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;  // should not reached
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/light/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
similarity index 60%
copy from vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
copy to light/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 202a824..3dd8cf6 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/light/aidl/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 //
-// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -15,19 +15,21 @@
 //
 
 cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
-    srcs: ["VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest.cpp"],
+    name: "VtsHalLightTargetTest",
+    defaults: [
+        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
+        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "VtsHalLightTargetTest.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder",
+    ],
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.3",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.4",
+        "android.hardware.light-cpp",
     ],
     test_suites: [
-        "general-tests",
         "vts-core",
     ],
 }
-
diff --git a/light/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalLightTargetTest.cpp b/light/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalLightTargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c26278
--- /dev/null
+++ b/light/aidl/vts/functional/VtsHalLightTargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "light_aidl_hal_test"
+
+#include <aidl/Gtest.h>
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/hardware/light/ILights.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <set>
+
+using android::ProcessState;
+using android::sp;
+using android::String16;
+using android::binder::Status;
+using android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using android::hardware::Return;
+using android::hardware::Void;
+using android::hardware::light::BrightnessMode;
+using android::hardware::light::FlashMode;
+using android::hardware::light::HwLight;
+using android::hardware::light::HwLightState;
+using android::hardware::light::ILights;
+using android::hardware::light::LightType;
+
+#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+#define EXPECT_OK(ret) EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+
+const std::set<LightType> kAllTypes{android::enum_range<LightType>().begin(),
+                                    android::enum_range<LightType>().end()};
+
+class LightsAidl : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        lights = android::waitForDeclaredService<ILights>(String16(GetParam().c_str()));
+        ASSERT_NE(lights, nullptr);
+        ASSERT_TRUE(lights->getLights(&supportedLights).isOk());
+    }
+
+    sp<ILights> lights;
+    std::vector<HwLight> supportedLights;
+
+    virtual void TearDown() override {
+        for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+            HwLightState off;
+            off.color = 0x00000000;
+            off.flashMode = FlashMode::NONE;
+            off.brightnessMode = BrightnessMode::USER;
+            EXPECT_TRUE(lights->setLightState(light.id, off).isOk());
+        }
+
+        // must leave the device in a useable condition
+        for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+            if (light.type == LightType::BACKLIGHT) {
+                HwLightState backlightOn;
+                backlightOn.color = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+                backlightOn.flashMode = FlashMode::TIMED;
+                backlightOn.brightnessMode = BrightnessMode::USER;
+                EXPECT_TRUE(lights->setLightState(light.id, backlightOn).isOk());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+/**
+ * Ensure all reported lights actually work.
+ */
+TEST_P(LightsAidl, TestSupported) {
+    HwLightState whiteFlashing;
+    whiteFlashing.color = 0xFFFFFFFF;
+    whiteFlashing.flashMode = FlashMode::TIMED;
+    whiteFlashing.flashOnMs = 100;
+    whiteFlashing.flashOffMs = 50;
+    whiteFlashing.brightnessMode = BrightnessMode::USER;
+    for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(lights->setLightState(light.id, whiteFlashing).isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure all reported lights have one of the supported types.
+ */
+TEST_P(LightsAidl, TestSupportedLightTypes) {
+    for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(kAllTypes.find(light.type) != kAllTypes.end());
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure all lights have a unique id.
+ */
+TEST_P(LightsAidl, TestUniqueIds) {
+    std::set<int> ids;
+    for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ids.find(light.id) == ids.end());
+        ids.insert(light.id);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure all lights have a unique ordinal for a given type.
+ */
+TEST_P(LightsAidl, TestUniqueOrdinalsForType) {
+    std::map<int, std::set<int>> ordinalsByType;
+    for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+        auto& ordinals = ordinalsByType[(int)light.type];
+        EXPECT_TRUE(ordinals.find(light.ordinal) == ordinals.end());
+        ordinals.insert(light.ordinal);
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION is returned if LOW_PERSISTENCE is not supported.
+ */
+TEST_P(LightsAidl, TestLowPersistence) {
+    HwLightState lowPersistence;
+    lowPersistence.color = 0xFF123456;
+    lowPersistence.flashMode = FlashMode::TIMED;
+    lowPersistence.flashOnMs = 100;
+    lowPersistence.flashOffMs = 50;
+    lowPersistence.brightnessMode = BrightnessMode::LOW_PERSISTENCE;
+    for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+        Status status = lights->setLightState(light.id, lowPersistence);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk() || Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION == status.exceptionCode());
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Ensure EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION is returns for an invalid light id.
+ */
+TEST_P(LightsAidl, TestInvalidLightIdUnsupported) {
+    int maxId = INT_MIN;
+    for (const HwLight& light : supportedLights) {
+        maxId = std::max(maxId, light.id);
+    }
+
+    Status status = lights->setLightState(maxId + 1, HwLightState());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(status.exceptionCode() == Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Lights, LightsAidl,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(ILights::descriptor)),
+                         android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    ProcessState::self()->setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(1);
+    ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool();
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/light/utils/Android.bp b/light/utils/Android.bp
index 4c287e4..e901129 100644
--- a/light/utils/Android.bp
+++ b/light/utils/Android.bp
@@ -23,7 +23,11 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.light@2.0",
         "libbase",
+        "libbinder",
         "libhidlbase",
         "libutils",
     ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.light-cpp",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/light/utils/main.cpp b/light/utils/main.cpp
index b834132..b9b6489 100644
--- a/light/utils/main.cpp
+++ b/light/utils/main.cpp
@@ -19,34 +19,23 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/hardware/light/2.0/ILight.h>
+#include <android/hardware/light/ILights.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+
+using android::sp;
+using android::waitForVintfService;
+using android::binder::Status;
+using android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+
+namespace V2_0 = android::hardware::light::V2_0;
+namespace aidl = android::hardware::light;
 
 void error(const std::string& msg) {
     LOG(ERROR) << msg;
     std::cerr << msg << std::endl;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
-    using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
-    using ::android::hardware::light::V2_0::Brightness;
-    using ::android::hardware::light::V2_0::Flash;
-    using ::android::hardware::light::V2_0::ILight;
-    using ::android::hardware::light::V2_0::LightState;
-    using ::android::hardware::light::V2_0::Status;
-    using ::android::hardware::light::V2_0::Type;
-    using ::android::sp;
-
-    sp<ILight> service = ILight::getService();
-    if (service == nullptr) {
-        error("Could not retrieve light service.");
-        return -1;
-    }
-
-    static LightState off = {
-            .color = 0u,
-            .flashMode = Flash::NONE,
-            .brightnessMode = Brightness::USER,
-    };
-
+int parseArgs(int argc, char* argv[], unsigned int* color) {
     if (argc > 2) {
         error("Usage: blank_screen [color]");
         return -1;
@@ -54,25 +43,78 @@
 
     if (argc > 1) {
         char* col_ptr;
-        unsigned int col_new;
 
-        col_new = strtoul(argv[1], &col_ptr, 0);
+        *color = strtoul(argv[1], &col_ptr, 0);
         if (*col_ptr != '\0') {
             error("Failed to convert " + std::string(argv[1]) + " to number");
             return -1;
         }
-        off.color = col_new;
+
+        return 0;
     }
 
-    service->getSupportedTypes([&](const hidl_vec<Type>& types) {
-        for (Type type : types) {
-            Status ret = service->setLight(type, off);
-            if (ret != Status::SUCCESS) {
-                error("Failed to shut off screen for type " +
+    *color = 0u;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void setToColorAidl(sp<aidl::ILights> hal, unsigned int color) {
+    static aidl::HwLightState off;
+    off.color = color;
+    off.flashMode = aidl::FlashMode::NONE;
+    off.brightnessMode = aidl::BrightnessMode::USER;
+
+    std::vector<aidl::HwLight> lights;
+    Status status = hal->getLights(&lights);
+    if (!status.isOk()) {
+        error("Failed to list lights");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for (auto light : lights) {
+        Status setStatus = hal->setLightState(light.id, off);
+        if (!setStatus.isOk()) {
+            error("Failed to shut off light id " + std::to_string(light.id));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void setToColorHidl(sp<V2_0::ILight> hal, unsigned int color) {
+    static V2_0::LightState off = {
+            .color = color,
+            .flashMode = V2_0::Flash::NONE,
+            .brightnessMode = V2_0::Brightness::USER,
+    };
+
+    hal->getSupportedTypes([&](const hidl_vec<V2_0::Type>& types) {
+        for (auto type : types) {
+            V2_0::Status ret = hal->setLight(type, off);
+            if (ret != V2_0::Status::SUCCESS) {
+                error("Failed to shut off light for type " +
                       std::to_string(static_cast<int>(type)));
             }
         }
     });
+}
 
-    return 0;
+int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+    unsigned int inputColor;
+    int result = parseArgs(argc, argv, &inputColor);
+    if (result != 0) {
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    auto aidlHal = waitForVintfService<aidl::ILights>();
+    if (aidlHal != nullptr) {
+        setToColorAidl(aidlHal, inputColor);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    sp<V2_0::ILight> hidlHal = V2_0::ILight::getService();
+    if (hidlHal != nullptr) {
+        setToColorHidl(hidlHal, inputColor);
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    error("Could not retrieve light service.");
+    return -1;
 }
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/README.md b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/README.md
index acffc42..274b30d 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/README.md
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/README.md
@@ -18,17 +18,17 @@
 
 usage:
 
-VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetAudioDecTest -I default -C <comp name> -R audio_decoder.<comp class> -P /sdcard/media/
+VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetAudioDecTest -I default -C <comp name> -R audio_decoder.<comp class> -P /data/local/tmp/media/
 
-VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetAudioEncTest -I default -C <comp name> -R audio_encoder.<comp class> -P /sdcard/media/
+VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetAudioEncTest -I default -C <comp name> -R audio_encoder.<comp class> -P /data/local/tmp/media/
 
 #### video :
 This folder includes test fixtures associated with testing video encoder and decoder components such as simple encoding of a raw clip or decoding of an elementary stream, end of stream test, timestamp deviations test, flush test and so on. These tests are aimed towards testing the plugin that connects the component to the omx core.
 
 usage:
 
-VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetVideoDecTest -I default -C <comp name> -R video_decoder.<comp class> -P /sdcard/media/
+VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetVideoDecTest -I default -C <comp name> -R video_decoder.<comp class> -P /data/local/tmp/media/
 
-VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetVideoEncTest -I default -C <comp name> -R video_encoder.<comp class> -P /sdcard/media/
+VtsHalMediaOmxV1\_0TargetVideoEncTest -I default -C <comp name> -R video_encoder.<comp class> -P /data/local/tmp/media/
 
-While tesing audio/video encoder, decoder components, test fixtures require input files. These input are files are present in the folder 'res'. Before running the tests all the files in 'res' have to be placed in '/media/sdcard/' or a path of your choice and this path needs to be provided as an argument to the test application
\ No newline at end of file
+While tesing audio/video encoder, decoder components, test fixtures require input files. These input are files are present in the folder 'res'. Before running the tests all the files in 'res' have to be placed in '/data/local/tmp/media' or a path of your choice and this path needs to be provided as an argument to the test application
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/Android.bp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/Android.bp
index cdc52fb..5a79e55 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/Android.bp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/Android.bp
@@ -29,6 +29,21 @@
         "android.hidl.memory@1.0",
         "android.hardware.media.omx@1.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@3.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
+    ],
+    export_static_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@3.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
     ],
 }
 
@@ -40,7 +55,12 @@
     static_libs: [
         "VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0CommonUtil",
         "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.allocator@3.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.2",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.bufferqueue@1.0",
         "android.hardware.graphics.common@1.0",
         "android.hardware.media.omx@1.0",
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.cpp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.cpp
index f299e36..8d4c022 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.cpp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.cpp
@@ -22,8 +22,11 @@
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/allocator/2.0/IAllocator.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/allocator/3.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.0/IMapper.h>
 #include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/3.0/IMapper.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/3.0/types.h>
 #include <android/hardware/media/omx/1.0/IOmx.h>
 #include <android/hardware/media/omx/1.0/IOmxNode.h>
 #include <android/hardware/media/omx/1.0/IOmxObserver.h>
@@ -31,7 +34,9 @@
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMapper.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
-#include <cutils/atomic.h>
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <variant>
 
 using ::android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::BufferUsage;
 using ::android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::PixelFormat;
@@ -195,67 +200,104 @@
                             BufferInfo* buffer, uint32_t nFrameWidth,
                             uint32_t nFrameHeight, int32_t* nStride,
                             int format) {
-    android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
-    sp<android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V2_0::IAllocator> allocator =
-        android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V2_0::IAllocator::getService();
-    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, allocator.get());
+    struct AllocatorV2 : public GrallocV2 {
+        sp<IAllocator> mAllocator;
+        sp<IMapper> mMapper;
+        AllocatorV2(sp<IAllocator>&& allocator, sp<IMapper>&& mapper)
+              : mAllocator{std::move(allocator)}, mMapper{std::move(mapper)} {}
+        AllocatorV2() = default;
+    };
+    struct AllocatorV3 : public GrallocV3 {
+        sp<IAllocator> mAllocator;
+        sp<IMapper> mMapper;
+        AllocatorV3(sp<IAllocator>&& allocator, sp<IMapper>&& mapper)
+              : mAllocator{std::move(allocator)}, mMapper{std::move(mapper)} {}
+        AllocatorV3() = default;
+    };
+    std::variant<AllocatorV2, AllocatorV3> grallocVar;
 
-    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper> mapper =
-        android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::getService();
-    ASSERT_NE(mapper.get(), nullptr);
+    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper> mapper2{};
+    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::IMapper> mapper3{};
+    sp<android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V2_0::IAllocator> allocator2{};
+    sp<android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V3_0::IAllocator> allocator3 =
+        android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V3_0::IAllocator::getService();
+    if (allocator3) {
+        mapper3 =
+            android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::IMapper::getService();
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, mapper3.get());
+        grallocVar.emplace<AllocatorV3>(std::move(allocator3), std::move(mapper3));
+    } else {
+        allocator2 =
+            android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V2_0::IAllocator::getService();
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, allocator2.get());
+        mapper2 =
+            android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::getService();
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, allocator2.get());
+        grallocVar.emplace<AllocatorV2>(std::move(allocator2), std::move(mapper2));
+    }
 
-    android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo
-        descriptorInfo;
-    uint32_t usage;
-
-    descriptorInfo.width = nFrameWidth;
-    descriptorInfo.height = nFrameHeight;
-    descriptorInfo.layerCount = 1;
-    descriptorInfo.format = static_cast<PixelFormat>(format);
-    descriptorInfo.usage = static_cast<uint64_t>(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN);
-    omxNode->getGraphicBufferUsage(
+    android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status{};
+    uint64_t usage{};
+    ASSERT_TRUE(omxNode->getGraphicBufferUsage(
         portIndex,
         [&status, &usage](android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status _s,
                           uint32_t _n1) {
             status = _s;
             usage = _n1;
-        });
-    if (status == android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK) {
-        descriptorInfo.usage |= usage;
-    }
+        }).isOk());
+    ASSERT_EQ(status, android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status::OK);
 
-    ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint32_t> descriptor;
-    android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error error;
-    mapper->createDescriptor(
-        descriptorInfo, [&error, &descriptor](
-                            android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _s,
-                            ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint32_t> _n1) {
-            error = _s;
-            descriptor = _n1;
-        });
-    ASSERT_EQ(error, android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
+    static std::atomic_int32_t bufferIdCounter{0};
 
-    static volatile int32_t nextId = 0;
-    uint64_t id = static_cast<uint64_t>(getpid()) << 32;
-    allocator->allocate(
-        descriptor, 1,
-        [&](android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _s, uint32_t _n1,
-            const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<
-                ::android::hardware::hidl_handle>& _n2) {
-            ASSERT_EQ(android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE,
-                      _s);
-            *nStride = _n1;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.nativeHandle = _n2[0];
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.width = nFrameWidth;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.height = nFrameHeight;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.stride = _n1;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.format = descriptorInfo.format;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.usage = descriptorInfo.usage;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.layerCount =
-                descriptorInfo.layerCount;
-            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.id =
-                id | static_cast<uint32_t>(android_atomic_inc(&nextId));
-        });
+    std::visit([buffer, nFrameWidth, nFrameHeight, format, usage, nStride](auto&& gralloc) {
+            using Gralloc = std::remove_reference_t<decltype(gralloc)>;
+            using Descriptor = typename Gralloc::Descriptor;
+            using DescriptorInfo = typename Gralloc::DescriptorInfo;
+            using Error = typename Gralloc::Error;
+            using Format = typename Gralloc::Format;
+            using Usage = typename Gralloc::Usage;
+
+            Error error{};
+            Descriptor descriptor{};
+
+            DescriptorInfo descriptorInfo{};
+            descriptorInfo.width = nFrameWidth;
+            descriptorInfo.height = nFrameHeight;
+            descriptorInfo.layerCount = 1;
+            descriptorInfo.format = static_cast<Format>(format);
+            descriptorInfo.usage = usage | Usage(BufferUsage::CPU_READ_OFTEN);
+
+            gralloc.mMapper->createDescriptor(descriptorInfo,
+                    [&error, &descriptor](
+                        Error _s,
+                        const Descriptor& _n1) {
+                    error = _s;
+                    descriptor = _n1;
+                });
+            ASSERT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+
+            gralloc.mAllocator->allocate(
+                descriptor, 1,
+                [&](Error _s, uint32_t _n1,
+                    const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<
+                        ::android::hardware::hidl_handle>& _n2) {
+                    ASSERT_EQ(Error::NONE, _s);
+                    *nStride = _n1;
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.nativeHandle = _n2[0];
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.width = nFrameWidth;
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.height = nFrameHeight;
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.stride = _n1;
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.format =
+                        static_cast<PixelFormat>(descriptorInfo.format);
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.usage =
+                        static_cast<uint32_t>(descriptorInfo.usage);
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.layerCount =
+                        descriptorInfo.layerCount;
+                    buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.id =
+                        (static_cast<uint64_t>(getpid()) << 32) |
+                        bufferIdCounter.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+                });
+        }, grallocVar);
 }
 
 // allocate buffers needed on a component port
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.h b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.h
index 1575ba2..ac077a3 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.h
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/common/media_hidl_test_common.h
@@ -22,6 +22,16 @@
 #endif
 
 #include <getopt.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/allocator/2.0/IAllocator.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/allocator/3.0/IAllocator.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/common/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/common/1.1/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/common/1.2/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.0/IMapper.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/2.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/3.0/IMapper.h>
+#include <android/hardware/graphics/mapper/3.0/types.h>
 #include <media/stagefright/foundation/ALooper.h>
 #include <utils/Condition.h>
 #include <utils/List.h>
@@ -288,6 +298,36 @@
 /*
  * common functions declarations
  */
+struct GrallocV2 {
+    using Format = android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::PixelFormat;
+    using Usage = android::hardware::hidl_bitfield<
+            android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_0::BufferUsage>;
+
+    using IAllocator = android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V2_0::IAllocator;
+
+    using IMapper = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper;
+    using Error = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error;
+    using Descriptor = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::BufferDescriptor;
+    using YCbCrLayout = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::YCbCrLayout;
+    using DescriptorInfo = IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo;
+    using Rect = IMapper::Rect;
+};
+
+struct GrallocV3 {
+    using Format = android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_2::PixelFormat;
+    using Usage = android::hardware::hidl_bitfield<
+            android::hardware::graphics::common::V1_2::BufferUsage>;
+
+    using IAllocator = android::hardware::graphics::allocator::V3_0::IAllocator;
+
+    using IMapper = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::IMapper;
+    using Error = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::Error;
+    using Descriptor = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::BufferDescriptor;
+    using YCbCrLayout = android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::YCbCrLayout;
+    using DescriptorInfo = IMapper::BufferDescriptorInfo;
+    using Rect = IMapper::Rect;
+};
+
 Return<android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status> setRole(
     sp<IOmxNode> omxNode, const char* role);
 
@@ -368,7 +408,7 @@
    public:
     virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IOmx>(); }
 
-    ComponentTestEnvironment() : res("/sdcard/media/") {}
+    ComponentTestEnvironment() : res("/data/local/tmp/media/") {}
 
     void setComponent(const char* _component) { component = _component; }
 
diff --git a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.cpp b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.cpp
index a740a80..2280cee 100644
--- a/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.cpp
+++ b/media/omx/1.0/vts/functional/video/VtsHalMediaOmxV1_0TargetVideoEncTest.cpp
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@
 #include <media_video_hidl_test_common.h>
 #include <system/window.h>
 #include <fstream>
+#include <variant>
 
 static ComponentTestEnvironment* gEnv = nullptr;
 
@@ -364,6 +365,61 @@
     return Void();
 };
 
+// Variant of mappers
+struct MapperV2 : public GrallocV2 {
+    sp<IMapper> mMapper;
+    MapperV2(sp<IMapper>&& mapper): mMapper{std::move(mapper)} {}
+    MapperV2() = default;
+    android::hardware::Return<void> lock(
+            void* buffer,
+            Usage usage,
+            const Rect& rect,
+            const android::hardware::hidl_handle& handle,
+            Error* error,
+            void** data) {
+        return mMapper->lock(buffer, usage, rect, handle,
+                             [error, data](Error e, void* d) {
+                                *error = e;
+                                *data = d;
+                             });
+    }
+};
+struct MapperV3 : public GrallocV3 {
+    sp<IMapper> mMapper;
+    MapperV3(sp<IMapper>&& mapper): mMapper{std::move(mapper)} {}
+    MapperV3() = default;
+    android::hardware::Return<void> lock(
+            void* buffer,
+            Usage usage,
+            const Rect& rect,
+            const android::hardware::hidl_handle& handle,
+            Error* error,
+            void** data) {
+        return mMapper->lock(buffer, usage, rect, handle,
+                             [error, data](Error e, void* d, int32_t, int32_t) {
+                                *error = e;
+                                *data = d;
+                             });
+    }
+};
+using MapperVar = std::variant<MapperV2, MapperV3>;
+// Initializes the MapperVar by trying services of different versions.
+bool initialize(MapperVar& mapperVar) {
+    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::IMapper> mapper3 =
+        android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V3_0::IMapper::getService();
+    if (mapper3) {
+        mapperVar.emplace<MapperV3>(std::move(mapper3));
+        return true;
+    }
+    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper> mapper2 =
+        android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::getService();
+    if (mapper2) {
+        mapperVar.emplace<MapperV2>(std::move(mapper2));
+        return true;
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
 // request VOP refresh
 void requestIDR(sp<IOmxNode> omxNode, OMX_U32 portIndex) {
     android::hardware::media::omx::V1_0::Status status;
@@ -574,150 +630,166 @@
 
 int colorFormatConversion(BufferInfo* buffer, void* buff, PixelFormat format,
                           std::ifstream& eleStream) {
-    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper> mapper =
-        android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::getService();
-    EXPECT_NE(mapper.get(), nullptr);
-    if (mapper.get() == nullptr) return 1;
-
-    android::hardware::hidl_handle fence;
-    android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::Rect rect;
-    android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::YCbCrLayout ycbcrLayout;
-    android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error error;
-    rect.left = 0;
-    rect.top = 0;
-    rect.width = buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.width;
-    rect.height = buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.height;
-
-    if (format == PixelFormat::YV12 || format == PixelFormat::YCRCB_420_SP ||
-        format == PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888) {
-        mapper->lockYCbCr(
-            buff, buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.usage, rect, fence,
-            [&](android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _e,
-                android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::YCbCrLayout _n1) {
-                error = _e;
-                ycbcrLayout = _n1;
-            });
-        EXPECT_EQ(error,
-                  android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
-        if (error != android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE)
-            return 1;
-
-        int size = ((rect.width * rect.height * 3) >> 1);
-        char* img = new char[size];
-        if (img == nullptr) return 1;
-        eleStream.read(img, size);
-        if (eleStream.gcount() != size) {
-            delete[] img;
-            return 1;
-        }
-
-        char* imgTmp = img;
-        char* ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(ycbcrLayout.y);
-        for (size_t y = rect.height; y > 0; --y) {
-            memcpy(ipBuffer, imgTmp, rect.width);
-            ipBuffer += ycbcrLayout.yStride;
-            imgTmp += rect.width;
-        }
-
-        if (format == PixelFormat::YV12)
-            EXPECT_EQ(ycbcrLayout.chromaStep, 1U);
-        else if (format == PixelFormat::YCRCB_420_SP)
-            EXPECT_EQ(ycbcrLayout.chromaStep, 2U);
-
-        ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(ycbcrLayout.cb);
-        for (size_t y = rect.height >> 1; y > 0; --y) {
-            for (int32_t x = 0; x < (rect.width >> 1); ++x) {
-                ipBuffer[ycbcrLayout.chromaStep * x] = *imgTmp++;
-            }
-            ipBuffer += ycbcrLayout.cStride;
-        }
-        ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(ycbcrLayout.cr);
-        for (size_t y = rect.height >> 1; y > 0; --y) {
-            for (int32_t x = 0; x < (rect.width >> 1); ++x) {
-                ipBuffer[ycbcrLayout.chromaStep * x] = *imgTmp++;
-            }
-            ipBuffer += ycbcrLayout.cStride;
-        }
-
-        delete[] img;
-
-        mapper->unlock(buff,
-                       [&](android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _e,
-                           android::hardware::hidl_handle _n1) {
-                           error = _e;
-                           fence = _n1;
-                       });
-        EXPECT_EQ(error,
-                  android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
-        if (error != android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE)
-            return 1;
-    } else {
-        void* data;
-        mapper->lock(buff, buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.usage, rect, fence,
-                     [&](android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _e,
-                         void* _n1) {
-                         error = _e;
-                         data = _n1;
-                     });
-        EXPECT_EQ(error,
-                  android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
-        if (error != android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE)
-            return 1;
-
-        if (format == PixelFormat::BGRA_8888) {
-            char* ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(data);
-            for (size_t y = rect.height; y > 0; --y) {
-                eleStream.read(ipBuffer, rect.width * 4);
-                if (eleStream.gcount() != rect.width * 4) return 1;
-                ipBuffer += buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.stride * 4;
-            }
-        } else {
-            EXPECT_TRUE(false) << "un expected pixel format";
-            return 1;
-        }
-
-        mapper->unlock(buff,
-                       [&](android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _e,
-                           android::hardware::hidl_handle _n1) {
-                           error = _e;
-                           fence = _n1;
-                       });
-        EXPECT_EQ(error,
-                  android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
-        if (error != android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE)
-            return 1;
+    MapperVar mapperVar;
+    if (!initialize(mapperVar)) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(false) << "failed to obtain mapper service";
+        return 1;
     }
 
-    return 0;
+    return std::visit([buffer, buff, format, &eleStream](auto&& mapper) -> int {
+            using Gralloc = std::remove_reference_t<decltype(mapper)>;
+            using Error = typename Gralloc::Error;
+            using Rect = typename Gralloc::Rect;
+            using Usage = typename Gralloc::Usage;
+            using YCbCrLayout = typename Gralloc::YCbCrLayout;
+
+            android::hardware::hidl_handle fence;
+            Rect rect;
+            YCbCrLayout ycbcrLayout;
+            Error error;
+            rect.left = 0;
+            rect.top = 0;
+            rect.width = buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.width;
+            rect.height = buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.height;
+
+            if (format == PixelFormat::YV12 || format == PixelFormat::YCRCB_420_SP ||
+                format == PixelFormat::YCBCR_420_888) {
+                mapper.mMapper->lockYCbCr(
+                        buff,
+                        static_cast<Usage>(
+                            buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.usage),
+                        rect,
+                        fence,
+                        [&](Error _e,
+                            const YCbCrLayout& _n1) {
+                            error = _e;
+                            ycbcrLayout = _n1;
+                        });
+                EXPECT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+                if (error != Error::NONE)
+                    return 1;
+
+                int size = ((rect.width * rect.height * 3) >> 1);
+                char* img = new char[size];
+                if (img == nullptr) return 1;
+                eleStream.read(img, size);
+                if (eleStream.gcount() != size) {
+                    delete[] img;
+                    return 1;
+                }
+
+                char* imgTmp = img;
+                char* ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(ycbcrLayout.y);
+                for (size_t y = rect.height; y > 0; --y) {
+                    memcpy(ipBuffer, imgTmp, rect.width);
+                    ipBuffer += ycbcrLayout.yStride;
+                    imgTmp += rect.width;
+                }
+
+                if (format == PixelFormat::YV12)
+                    EXPECT_EQ(ycbcrLayout.chromaStep, 1U);
+                else if (format == PixelFormat::YCRCB_420_SP)
+                    EXPECT_EQ(ycbcrLayout.chromaStep, 2U);
+
+                ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(ycbcrLayout.cb);
+                for (size_t y = rect.height >> 1; y > 0; --y) {
+                    for (int32_t x = 0; x < (rect.width >> 1); ++x) {
+                        ipBuffer[ycbcrLayout.chromaStep * x] = *imgTmp++;
+                    }
+                    ipBuffer += ycbcrLayout.cStride;
+                }
+                ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(ycbcrLayout.cr);
+                for (size_t y = rect.height >> 1; y > 0; --y) {
+                    for (int32_t x = 0; x < (rect.width >> 1); ++x) {
+                        ipBuffer[ycbcrLayout.chromaStep * x] = *imgTmp++;
+                    }
+                    ipBuffer += ycbcrLayout.cStride;
+                }
+
+                delete[] img;
+
+                mapper.mMapper->unlock(buff,
+                               [&](Error _e,
+                                   const android::hardware::hidl_handle& _n1) {
+                                   error = _e;
+                                   fence = _n1;
+                               });
+                EXPECT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+                if (error != Error::NONE)
+                    return 1;
+            } else {
+                void* data;
+                mapper.lock(
+                        buff,
+                        buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.usage,
+                        rect,
+                        fence,
+                        &error,
+                        &data);
+                EXPECT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+                if (error != Error::NONE)
+                    return 1;
+
+                if (format == PixelFormat::BGRA_8888) {
+                    char* ipBuffer = static_cast<char*>(data);
+                    for (size_t y = rect.height; y > 0; --y) {
+                        eleStream.read(ipBuffer, rect.width * 4);
+                        if (eleStream.gcount() != rect.width * 4) return 1;
+                        ipBuffer += buffer->omxBuffer.attr.anwBuffer.stride * 4;
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    EXPECT_TRUE(false) << "un expected pixel format";
+                    return 1;
+                }
+
+                mapper.mMapper->unlock(
+                        buff,
+                        [&](Error _e, const android::hardware::hidl_handle& _n1) {
+                            error = _e;
+                            fence = _n1;
+                        });
+                EXPECT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+                if (error != Error::NONE)
+                    return 1;
+            }
+
+            return 0;
+        }, mapperVar);
 }
 
 int fillGraphicBuffer(BufferInfo* buffer, PixelFormat format,
                       std::ifstream& eleStream) {
-    sp<android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper> mapper =
-        android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::IMapper::getService();
-    EXPECT_NE(mapper.get(), nullptr);
-    if (mapper.get() == nullptr) return 1;
-
-    void* buff = nullptr;
-    android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error error;
-    mapper->importBuffer(
-        buffer->omxBuffer.nativeHandle,
-        [&](android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error _e, void* _n1) {
-            error = _e;
-            buff = _n1;
-        });
-    EXPECT_EQ(error, android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
-    if (error != android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE)
+    MapperVar mapperVar;
+    if (!initialize(mapperVar)) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(false) << "failed to obtain mapper service";
         return 1;
+    }
 
-    if (colorFormatConversion(buffer, buff, format, eleStream)) return 1;
+    return std::visit([buffer, format, &eleStream](auto&& mapper) -> int {
+            using Gralloc = std::remove_reference_t<decltype(mapper)>;
+            using Error = typename Gralloc::Error;
 
-    error = mapper->freeBuffer(buff);
-    EXPECT_EQ(error, android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE);
-    if (error != android::hardware::graphics::mapper::V2_0::Error::NONE)
-        return 1;
+            void* buff = nullptr;
+            Error error;
+            mapper.mMapper->importBuffer(
+                buffer->omxBuffer.nativeHandle,
+                [&](Error _e, void* _n1) {
+                    error = _e;
+                    buff = _n1;
+                });
+            EXPECT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+            if (error != Error::NONE)
+                return 1;
 
-    return 0;
+            if (colorFormatConversion(buffer, buff, format, eleStream)) return 1;
+
+            error = mapper.mMapper->freeBuffer(buff);
+            EXPECT_EQ(error, Error::NONE);
+            if (error != Error::NONE)
+                return 1;
+
+            return 0;
+        }, mapperVar);
 }
 
 int dispatchGraphicBuffer(sp<IOmxNode> omxNode,
diff --git a/memtrack/1.0/default/Memtrack.cpp b/memtrack/1.0/default/Memtrack.cpp
index 33a6906..0bbf83d 100644
--- a/memtrack/1.0/default/Memtrack.cpp
+++ b/memtrack/1.0/default/Memtrack.cpp
@@ -34,9 +34,7 @@
         mModule->init(mModule);
 }
 
-Memtrack::~Memtrack() {
-    delete(mModule);
-}
+Memtrack::~Memtrack() {}
 
 Return<void> Memtrack::getMemory(int32_t pid, MemtrackType type,
         getMemory_cb _hidl_cb)  {
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/types.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.0/types.hal
index ba9d068..1175a30 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/types.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/types.hal
@@ -261,8 +261,8 @@
      *      filter.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     *      the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
@@ -290,7 +290,8 @@
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
      *      the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
@@ -355,8 +356,8 @@
      *      specifying the filter.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     *      the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
@@ -384,8 +385,8 @@
      *      specifying the filter.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     *      the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
@@ -492,8 +493,6 @@
      *
      * Supported value tensor {@link OperandType}:
      * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
-     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
      *
      * Supported value tensor rank: from 2
      *
@@ -556,10 +555,10 @@
      *      of output nodes.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [num_units], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the bias should
-     *      also be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}. For input tensor
-     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, the bias should be
-     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0 and
-     *      bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      also be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
      *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
      *      invoke on the result.
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index ba9fb45..03af671 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -14,13 +14,30 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //
 
+cc_defaults {
+    name: "neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    arch: {
+        x86: {
+            cflags: [ "-D_Float16=__fp16",
+                      "-Xclang", "-fnative-half-type",
+                      "-Xclang", "-fallow-half-arguments-and-returns" ],
+        },
+        x86_64: {
+            cflags: [ "-D_Float16=__fp16",
+                      "-Xclang", "-fnative-half-type",
+                      "-Xclang", "-fallow-half-arguments-and-returns" ],
+        },
+    },
+}
+
 cc_library_static {
     name: "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_0_utils",
     srcs: [
         "Callbacks.cpp",
         "Utils.cpp",
     ],
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     shared_libs: [
         "libfmq",
@@ -42,7 +59,7 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalNeuralnetworksV1_0TargetTest",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "BasicTests.cpp",
         "TestAssertions.cpp",
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.1/types.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.1/types.hal
index 3d78fb6..da7ba78 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.1/types.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.1/types.hal
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
      * Outputs:
      * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
      *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
-     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be same as input0.
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
      */
     MEAN = 31,
 
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 69e1761..9ba1925 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalNeuralnetworksV1_1TargetTest",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "BasicTests.cpp",
         "TestAssertions.cpp",
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/types.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.2/types.hal
index 837ced5..e867120 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/types.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/types.hal
@@ -375,8 +375,8 @@
      *      must be set to 0.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
@@ -425,7 +425,8 @@
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
      *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
@@ -523,8 +524,8 @@
      *      must be set to 3.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
@@ -569,8 +570,8 @@
      *      specifying the filter.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
@@ -705,8 +706,8 @@
      *
      * Supported value tensor {@link OperandType}:
      * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
-     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
-     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
      *
      * Supported value tensor rank: from 2
      *
@@ -772,10 +773,10 @@
      *      of output nodes.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [num_units], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the bias should
-     *      also be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}. For input tensor
-     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, the bias should be
-     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0 and
-     *      bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      also be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
      *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
      *      invoke on the result.
@@ -1954,7 +1955,7 @@
      * Outputs:
      * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
      *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
-     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be same as input0.
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
      */
     MEAN = @1.1::OperationType:MEAN,
 
@@ -2448,15 +2449,17 @@
      *       then clipping is disabled.
      *       If all the input tensors have type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
      *       this scalar must be of the type {@link OperandType::FLOAT32},
-     *       otherwise if all the input tensors have the type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16},
-     *       this scalar must be of type {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *       otherwise if all the input tensors have the type
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, this scalar must be
+     *       of type {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
      * * 50: The clipping threshold for the output from the
      *       projection layer, such that values are bound within
      *       [-proj_clip, proj_clip]. If set to 0.0 then clipping is disabled.
      *       If all the input tensors have type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
      *       this scalar must be of the type {@link OperandType::FLOAT32},
-     *       otherwise if all the input tensors have the type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16},
-     *       this scalar must be of type {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *       otherwise if all the input tensors have the type
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, this scalar must be
+     *       of type {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
      * * 51: merge_outputs
      *       An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar specifying if the outputs
      *       from forward and backward cells should be merged.
@@ -2657,7 +2660,8 @@
      *      order of the boxes corresponds with input0. For input0 of type
      *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, this tensor should be of
      *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, with zeroPoint of 0 and
-     *      scale of 0.125. Zero num_rois is supported for this tensor.
+     *      scale of 0.125.
+     *      Zero num_rois is supported for this tensor.
      * * 2: A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
      *      [num_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes with
      *      the same batch index are grouped together.
@@ -2684,6 +2688,7 @@
      *      [num_output_rois], specifying the score of each output box. The boxes
      *      are grouped by batches, but the sequential order in each batch is not
      *      guaranteed. For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      guaranteed. For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
      *      the scale and zero point must be the same as input0.
      * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input1, with shape
      *      [num_output_rois, 4], specifying the coordinates of each
@@ -2701,7 +2706,7 @@
     BOX_WITH_NMS_LIMIT = 44,
 
     /**
-     * Casts a tensor to a new type.
+     * Casts a tensor to a type.
      *
      * This operation ignores the scale and zeroPoint of quanized tensors,
      * e.g. it treats a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} input
@@ -3139,8 +3144,8 @@
      *      {@link SymmPerChannelQuantParams}) must be set to 0.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
-     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale. For filter tensor
      *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}, the bias
@@ -3179,7 +3184,8 @@
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
      *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same
-     *      type. For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
      *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
      *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale. For filter tensor
      *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}, the bias
@@ -3659,21 +3665,24 @@
      * Outputs:
      * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
      *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
-     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be diffent from the input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     *      the scales and zeroPoint can be different from input0 scale and zeroPoint.
      */
     PRELU = 71,
 
     /**
      * Quantizes the input tensor.
      *
-     * The formula is:
+     * The formula for {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} output tensor is:
      *
      *     output = max(0, min(255, round(input / scale) + zeroPoint)
      *
-     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * Supported input tensor {@link OperandType}:
      * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
      * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
      *
+     * Supported output tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *
      * Supported tensor rank: from 1
      *
      * Inputs:
@@ -4124,7 +4133,6 @@
      * * 0: A tensor of the same type and shape as input1 and input2.
      *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
      *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
-     *
      */
     SELECT = 84,
 
@@ -4324,15 +4332,15 @@
      *      dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim) must be set to 0.
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
-     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias should be of the
-     *      same type. For input tensor of type
-     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, the bias should be
-     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0 and
-     *      bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale. For filter tensor of
-     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}, the bias
-     *      must be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of
-     *      0 and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal
-     *      to bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the
+     *      same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias must be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
      *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
      * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
@@ -4362,14 +4370,14 @@
      * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
      *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
      *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias should be of the
-     *      same type. For input tensor of type
-     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, the bias should be
-     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0 and
-     *      bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale. For filter tensor of
-     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}, the bias
-     *      must be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of
-     *      0 and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal
-     *      to bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     *      same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias must be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
      * * 3: An {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, specifying the output
      *      tensor shape.
      * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
index bdca0e9..31a1a81 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
 
 cc_library_static {
     name: "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_2Callbacks",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
     srcs: [
         "Callbacks.cpp",
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalNeuralnetworksV1_2TargetTest",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "BasicTests.cpp",
         "CompilationCachingTests.cpp",
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
index aacb385..599fd1d 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
@@ -29,13 +29,14 @@
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
 
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <numeric>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "1.0/Utils.h"
 #include "1.2/Callbacks.h"
@@ -58,8 +59,20 @@
 using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
 using HidlToken = hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
 
+namespace {
+
+enum class Executor { ASYNC, SYNC, BURST };
+
 enum class OutputType { FULLY_SPECIFIED, UNSPECIFIED, INSUFFICIENT };
 
+struct TestConfig {
+    Executor executor;
+    MeasureTiming measureTiming;
+    OutputType outputType;
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
 Model createModel(const TestModel& testModel) {
     // Model operands.
     hidl_vec<Operand> operands(testModel.operands.size());
@@ -194,31 +207,31 @@
     return android::nn::ExecutionBurstController::create(preparedModel,
                                                          std::chrono::microseconds{0});
 }
-enum class Executor { ASYNC, SYNC, BURST };
 
 void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const TestModel& testModel,
-                           Executor executor, MeasureTiming measure, OutputType outputType) {
+                           const TestConfig& testConfig) {
     // If output0 does not have size larger than one byte, we can not test with insufficient buffer.
-    if (outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT && !isOutputSizeGreaterThanOne(testModel, 0)) {
+    if (testConfig.outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT &&
+        !isOutputSizeGreaterThanOne(testModel, 0)) {
         return;
     }
 
     Request request = createRequest(testModel);
-    if (outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT) {
+    if (testConfig.outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT) {
         makeOutputInsufficientSize(/*outputIndex=*/0, &request);
     }
 
     ErrorStatus executionStatus;
     hidl_vec<OutputShape> outputShapes;
     Timing timing;
-    switch (executor) {
+    switch (testConfig.executor) {
         case Executor::ASYNC: {
             SCOPED_TRACE("asynchronous");
 
             // launch execution
             sp<ExecutionCallback> executionCallback = new ExecutionCallback();
-            Return<ErrorStatus> executionLaunchStatus =
-                    ExecutePreparedModel(preparedModel, request, measure, executionCallback);
+            Return<ErrorStatus> executionLaunchStatus = ExecutePreparedModel(
+                    preparedModel, request, testConfig.measureTiming, executionCallback);
             ASSERT_TRUE(executionLaunchStatus.isOk());
             EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(executionLaunchStatus));
 
@@ -234,8 +247,8 @@
             SCOPED_TRACE("synchronous");
 
             // execute
-            Return<ErrorStatus> executionReturnStatus =
-                    ExecutePreparedModel(preparedModel, request, measure, &outputShapes, &timing);
+            Return<ErrorStatus> executionReturnStatus = ExecutePreparedModel(
+                    preparedModel, request, testConfig.measureTiming, &outputShapes, &timing);
             ASSERT_TRUE(executionReturnStatus.isOk());
             executionStatus = static_cast<ErrorStatus>(executionReturnStatus);
 
@@ -258,14 +271,14 @@
             // execute burst
             int n;
             std::tie(n, outputShapes, timing, std::ignore) =
-                    controller->compute(request, measure, keys);
-            executionStatus = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(n);
+                    controller->compute(request, testConfig.measureTiming, keys);
+            executionStatus = nn::convertToV1_0(nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(n));
 
             break;
         }
     }
 
-    if (outputType != OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED &&
+    if (testConfig.outputType != OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED &&
         executionStatus == ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE) {
         LOG(INFO) << "NN VTS: Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
                      "execute model that it does not support.";
@@ -274,7 +287,7 @@
                   << std::endl;
         GTEST_SKIP();
     }
-    if (measure == MeasureTiming::NO) {
+    if (testConfig.measureTiming == MeasureTiming::NO) {
         EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeOnDevice);
         EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeInDriver);
     } else {
@@ -283,7 +296,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    switch (outputType) {
+    switch (testConfig.outputType) {
         case OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED:
             // If the model output operands are fully specified, outputShapes must be either
             // either empty, or have the same number of elements as the number of outputs.
@@ -321,44 +334,29 @@
 
 void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const TestModel& testModel,
                            bool testDynamicOutputShape) {
+    std::vector<OutputType> outputTypesList;
+    std::vector<MeasureTiming> measureTimingList;
+    std::vector<Executor> executorList;
+
     if (testDynamicOutputShape) {
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
+        outputTypesList = {OutputType::UNSPECIFIED, OutputType::INSUFFICIENT};
+        measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+        executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::BURST};
     } else {
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
+        outputTypesList = {OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED};
+        measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+        executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::BURST};
+    }
+
+    for (const OutputType outputType : outputTypesList) {
+        for (const MeasureTiming measureTiming : measureTimingList) {
+            for (const Executor executor : executorList) {
+                const TestConfig testConfig = {.executor = executor,
+                                               .measureTiming = measureTiming,
+                                               .outputType = outputType};
+                EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, testConfig);
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
index 416744f..ec9629b 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
@@ -296,7 +296,8 @@
     // collect serialized result by running regular burst
     const auto [nRegular, outputShapesRegular, timingRegular, fallbackRegular] =
             controllerRegular->compute(request, MeasureTiming::NO, keys);
-    const ErrorStatus statusRegular = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nRegular);
+    const ErrorStatus statusRegular =
+            nn::convertToV1_0(nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nRegular));
     EXPECT_FALSE(fallbackRegular);
 
     // skip test if regular burst output isn't useful for testing a failure
@@ -312,7 +313,7 @@
     // large enough to return the serialized result
     const auto [nSmall, outputShapesSmall, timingSmall, fallbackSmall] =
             controllerSmall->compute(request, MeasureTiming::NO, keys);
-    const ErrorStatus statusSmall = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nSmall);
+    const ErrorStatus statusSmall = nn::convertToV1_0(nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nSmall));
     EXPECT_NE(ErrorStatus::NONE, statusSmall);
     EXPECT_EQ(0u, outputShapesSmall.size());
     EXPECT_TRUE(badTiming(timingSmall));
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
index 2d83b81..7b5ff9b 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.2/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
 
         // execute and verify
         const auto [n, outputShapes, timing, fallback] = burst->compute(request, measure, keys);
-        const ErrorStatus status = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(n);
+        const ErrorStatus status = nn::convertToV1_0(nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(n));
         EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, status);
         EXPECT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), 0);
         EXPECT_TRUE(badTiming(timing));
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/Android.bp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/Android.bp
index 0615ec6..7b02cc5 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/Android.bp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/Android.bp
@@ -8,7 +8,12 @@
     },
     srcs: [
         "types.hal",
+        "IBuffer.hal",
         "IDevice.hal",
+        "IExecutionCallback.hal",
+        "IFencedExecutionCallback.hal",
+        "IPreparedModel.hal",
+        "IPreparedModelCallback.hal",
     ],
     interfaces: [
         "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0",
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IBuffer.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IBuffer.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dfc57fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IBuffer.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
+
+import ErrorStatus;
+
+/**
+ * This interface represents a device memory buffer.
+ */
+interface IBuffer {
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the content of this buffer to a shared memory region.
+     *
+     * The IBuffer object must have been initialized before the call to IBuffer::copyTo.
+     * For more information on the state of the IBuffer object, refer to IDevice::allocate.
+     *
+     * @param dst The destination shared memory region.
+     * @return status Error status of the call, must be:
+     *     - NONE if successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if the IBuffer object is uninitialized, or there is an unspecified
+     *       error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if provided memory is invalid
+     */
+    copyTo(memory dst) generates (ErrorStatus status);
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the content of this buffer from a shared memory region.
+     *
+     * @param src The source shared memory region.
+     * @param dimensions Updated dimensional information. If the dimensions of the IBuffer object
+     *     are not fully specified, then the dimensions must be fully specified here. If the
+     *     dimensions of the IBuffer object are fully specified, then the dimensions may be empty
+     *     here. If dimensions.size() > 0, then all dimensions must be specified here, and any
+     *     dimension that was specified in the IBuffer object must have the same value here.
+     * @return status Error status of the call, must be:
+     *     - NONE if successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if provided memory is invalid, or if the dimensions is invalid
+     */
+    copyFrom(memory src, vec<uint32_t> dimensions) generates (ErrorStatus status);
+};
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IDevice.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IDevice.hal
index ee36fb4..4931539 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IDevice.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IDevice.hal
@@ -16,13 +16,21 @@
 
 package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
 
-import @1.0::ErrorStatus;
 import @1.1::ExecutionPreference;
 import @1.2::Constant;
 import @1.2::DeviceType;
 import @1.2::Extension;
 import @1.2::IDevice;
-import @1.2::IPreparedModelCallback;
+import BufferDesc;
+import BufferRole;
+import Capabilities;
+import ErrorStatus;
+import Model;
+import OptionalTimePoint;
+import Priority;
+import IBuffer;
+import IPreparedModel;
+import IPreparedModelCallback;
 
 /**
  * This interface represents a device driver.
@@ -40,11 +48,29 @@
     getCapabilities_1_3() generates (ErrorStatus status, Capabilities capabilities);
 
     /**
+     * Returns whether the device is able to complete or abort a task within a
+     * specified duration.
+     *
+     * @return prepareModelDeadline 'true' if the device supports completing or
+     *     aborting model preparation by the deadline when the deadline is supplied,
+     *     'false' otherwise.
+     * @return executionDeadline 'true' if the device supports completing or
+     *     aborting an execution by the deadline when the deadline is supplied,
+     *     'false' otherwise.
+     */
+    supportsDeadlines() generates (bool prepareModelDeadline, bool executionDeadline);
+
+    /**
      * Gets the supported operations in a model.
      *
-     * getSupportedOperations indicates which operations of a model are fully
-     * supported by the vendor driver. If an operation may not be supported for
-     * any reason, getSupportedOperations must return false for that operation.
+     * getSupportedOperations indicates which operations of the top-level
+     * subgraph are fully supported by the vendor driver. If an operation may
+     * not be supported for any reason, getSupportedOperations must return
+     * false for that operation.
+     *
+     * The {@link OperationType::IF} and {@link OperationType::WHILE}
+     * operations may only be fully supported if the vendor driver fully
+     * supports all operations in the referenced subgraphs.
      *
      * @param model A model whose operations--and their corresponding operands--
      *     are to be verified by the driver.
@@ -107,6 +133,22 @@
      * the callback object must be invoked with the appropriate ErrorStatus
      * value and nullptr for the IPreparedModel.
      *
+     * The model is prepared with a priority. This priority is relative to other
+     * prepared models owned by the same client. Higher priority executions may
+     * use more compute resources than lower priority executions, and may
+     * preempt or starve lower priority executions.
+     *
+     * prepareModel_1_3 can be called with an optional deadline. If the model
+     * is not able to be prepared before the provided deadline, the model
+     * preparation must be aborted, and either {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT} or {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT} must be returned. The error due
+     * to an abort must be sent the same way as other errors, described above.
+     * If the service reports that it does not support preparation deadlines via
+     * IDevice::supportsDeadlines, and prepareModel_1_3 is called with a
+     * deadline, then the argument is invalid, and {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT} must be returned.
+     *
      * Optionally, the driver may save the prepared model to cache during the
      * asynchronous preparation. Any error that occurs when saving to cache must
      * not affect the status of preparing the model. Even if the input arguments
@@ -128,24 +170,29 @@
      * @param model The model to be prepared for execution.
      * @param preference Indicates the intended execution behavior of a prepared
      *     model.
+     * @param priority The priority of the prepared model relative to other
+     *     prepared models owned by the client.
+     * @param deadline The time by which the model must be prepared. If the
+     *     model cannot be prepared by the deadline, the preparation must be
+     *     aborted.
      * @param modelCache A vector of handles with each entry holding exactly one
      *     cache file descriptor for the security-sensitive cache. The length of
      *     the vector must either be 0 indicating that caching information is
      *     not provided, or match the numModelCache returned from
      *     getNumberOfCacheFilesNeeded. The cache handles will be provided in
      *     the same order when retrieving the preparedModel from cache files
-     *     with prepareModelFromCache.
+     *     with prepareModelFromCache_1_3.
      * @param dataCache A vector of handles with each entry holding exactly one
      *     cache file descriptor for the constants' cache. The length of the
      *     vector must either be 0 indicating that caching information is not
      *     provided, or match the numDataCache returned from
      *     getNumberOfCacheFilesNeeded. The cache handles will be provided in
      *     the same order when retrieving the preparedModel from cache files
-     *     with prepareModelFromCache.
+     *     with prepareModelFromCache_1_3.
      * @param token A caching token of length Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN
      *     identifying the prepared model. The same token will be provided when
      *     retrieving the prepared model from the cache files with
-     *     prepareModelFromCache.  Tokens should be chosen to have a low rate of
+     *     prepareModelFromCache_1_3.  Tokens should be chosen to have a low rate of
      *     collision for a particular application. The driver cannot detect a
      *     collision; a collision will result in a failed execution or in a
      *     successful execution that produces incorrect output values. If both
@@ -162,10 +209,168 @@
      *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
      *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments related to preparing
      *       the model is invalid
+     *     - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the deadline for preparing a model cannot be
+     *       met
+     *     - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the driver
      */
     prepareModel_1_3(Model model, ExecutionPreference preference,
+                     Priority priority, OptionalTimePoint deadline,
                      vec<handle> modelCache, vec<handle> dataCache,
                      uint8_t[Constant:BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN] token,
                      IPreparedModelCallback callback)
         generates (ErrorStatus status);
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a prepared model from cache files for execution.
+     *
+     * prepareModelFromCache_1_3 is used to retrieve a prepared model directly from
+     * cache files to avoid slow model compilation time. There are
+     * two types of cache file handles provided to the driver: model cache
+     * and data cache. For more information on the two types of cache handles,
+     * refer to getNumberOfCacheFilesNeeded.
+     *
+     * The file descriptors must be opened with read and write permission. A file may
+     * have any size, and the corresponding file descriptor may have any offset. The
+     * driver must truncate a file to zero size before writing to that file. The file
+     * descriptors may be closed by the client once the asynchronous preparation has
+     * finished. The driver must dup a file descriptor if it wants to get access to
+     * the cache file later.
+     *
+     * The model is prepared asynchronously with respect to the caller. The
+     * prepareModelFromCache_1_3 function must verify the inputs to the
+     * prepareModelFromCache_1_3 function are correct, and that the security-sensitive
+     * cache has not been modified since it was last written by the driver.
+     * If there is an error, or if compilation caching is not supported, or if the
+     * security-sensitive cache has been modified, prepareModelFromCache_1_3 must
+     * immediately invoke the callback with the appropriate ErrorStatus value and
+     * nullptr for the IPreparedModel, then return with the same ErrorStatus. If
+     * the inputs to the prepareModelFromCache_1_3 function are valid, the security-sensitive
+     * cache is not modified, and there is no error, prepareModelFromCache_1_3 must launch an
+     * asynchronous task to prepare the model in the background, and immediately return
+     * from prepareModelFromCache_1_3 with ErrorStatus::NONE. If the asynchronous task
+     * fails to launch, prepareModelFromCache_1_3 must immediately invoke the callback
+     * with ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE and nullptr for the IPreparedModel, then
+     * return with ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE.
+     *
+     * When the asynchronous task has finished preparing the model, it must
+     * immediately invoke the callback function provided as an input to
+     * prepareModelFromCache_1_3. If the model was prepared successfully, the
+     * callback object must be invoked with an error status of ErrorStatus::NONE
+     * and the produced IPreparedModel object. If an error occurred preparing
+     * the model, the callback object must be invoked with the appropriate
+     * ErrorStatus value and nullptr for the IPreparedModel.
+     *
+     * prepareModelFromCache_1_3 can be called with an optional deadline. If the
+     * model is not able to prepared before the provided deadline, the model
+     * preparation must be aborted, and either {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT}
+     * or {@link ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT} must be returned. The
+     * error due to an abort must be sent the same way as other errors,
+     * described above. If the service reports that it does not support
+     * preparation deadlines via IDevice::supportsDeadlines, and
+     * prepareModelFromCache_1_3 is called with a deadline, then the argument is
+     * invalid, and {@link ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT} must be returned.
+     *
+     * The only information that may be unknown to the model at this stage is
+     * the shape of the tensors, which may only be known at execution time. As
+     * such, some driver services may return partially prepared models, where
+     * the prepared model may only be finished when it is paired with a set of
+     * inputs to the model. Note that the same prepared model object may be
+     * used with different shapes of inputs on different (possibly concurrent)
+     * executions.
+     *
+     * @param deadline The time by which the model must be prepared. If the
+     *     model cannot be prepared by the deadline, the preparation must be
+     *     aborted.
+     * @param modelCache A vector of handles with each entry holding exactly one
+     *     cache file descriptor for the security-sensitive cache. The length of
+     *     the vector must match the numModelCache returned from getNumberOfCacheFilesNeeded.
+     *     The cache handles will be provided in the same order as with prepareModel_1_3.
+     * @param dataCache A vector of handles with each entry holding exactly one
+     *     cache file descriptor for the constants' cache. The length of the vector
+     *     must match the numDataCache returned from getNumberOfCacheFilesNeeded.
+     *     The cache handles will be provided in the same order as with prepareModel_1_3.
+     * @param token A caching token of length Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN
+     *     identifying the prepared model. It is the same token provided when saving
+     *     the cache files with prepareModel_1_3. Tokens should be chosen
+     *     to have a low rate of collision for a particular application. The driver
+     *     cannot detect a collision; a collision will result in a failed execution
+     *     or in a successful execution that produces incorrect output values.
+     * @param callback A callback object used to return the error status of
+     *     preparing the model for execution and the prepared model if
+     *     successful, nullptr otherwise. The callback object's notify function
+     *     must be called exactly once, even if the model could not be prepared.
+     * @return status Error status of launching a task which prepares the model
+     *     in the background; must be:
+     *     - NONE if preparation task is successfully launched
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if caching is not supported or if there is an
+     *       unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments is invalid
+     *     - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the deadline for preparing a model cannot be
+     *       met
+     *     - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the driver
+     */
+    prepareModelFromCache_1_3(OptionalTimePoint deadline,
+                              vec<handle> modelCache, vec<handle> dataCache,
+                              uint8_t[Constant:BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN] token,
+                              IPreparedModelCallback callback)
+            generates (ErrorStatus status);
+
+    /**
+     * Allocates a driver-managed buffer with the properties specified by the buffer descriptor
+     * as well as the input and output roles.
+     *
+     * The allocate function must verify its inputs are correct. If there is an error, or if a
+     * certain role or property is not supported by the driver, the allocate
+     * function must return with an appropriate ErrorStatus, a nullptr as the IBuffer, and 0 as the
+     * buffer token. If the allocation is successful, this method must return with ErrorStatus::NONE
+     * and the produced IBuffer with a positive token identifying the allocated buffer. A successful
+     * allocation must accommodate all of the specified roles and buffer properties.
+     *
+     * The buffer is allocated to an uninitialized state. An uninitialized buffer may only be used
+     * in ways that are specified by outputRoles. A buffer is initialized after it is used as an
+     * output in a successful execution, or after a successful invocation of IBuffer::copyFrom on
+     * the buffer. An initialized buffer may be used according to all roles specified in inputRoles
+     * and outputRoles. A buffer will return to the uninitialized state if it is used as an output
+     * in a failed execution, or after a failed invocation of IBuffer::copyFrom on the buffer.
+     *
+     * The dimensions of the buffer can be deduced from the buffer descriptor as well as the
+     * dimensions of the corresponding model operands of the input and output roles. The dimensions
+     * or rank of the buffer may be unknown at this stage. As such, some driver services may only
+     * create a placeholder and defer the actual allocation until execution time. Note that the
+     * same buffer may be used for different shapes of outputs on different executions. When the
+     * buffer is used as an input, the input shape must be the same as the output shape from the
+     * last execution using this buffer as an output.
+     *
+     * The driver must apply proper validatation upon every usage of the buffer, and must fail the
+     * execution immediately if the usage is illegal.
+     *
+     * @param desc A buffer descriptor specifying the properties of the buffer to allocate.
+     * @param preparedModels A vector of IPreparedModel objects. Must only contain IPreparedModel
+     *     objects from the same IDevice as this method is being invoked on.
+     * @param inputRoles A vector of roles with each specifying an input to a prepared model.
+     * @param outputRoles A vector of roles with each specifying an output to a prepared model.
+     *     Each role specified in inputRoles and outputRoles must be unique. The corresponding
+     *     model operands of the roles must have the same OperandType, scale, zero point, and
+     *     ExtraParams. The dimensions of the operands and the dimensions specified in the buffer
+     *     descriptor must be compatible with each other. Two dimensions are incompatible if there
+     *     is at least one axis that is fully specified in both but has different values.
+     * @return status Error status of the buffer allocation. Must be:
+     *     - NONE if successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if a certain buffer property or a certain role is not supported,
+     *       or if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments is invalid
+     * @return buffer The allocated IBuffer object. If the buffer was unable to be allocated
+     *     due to an error, nullptr must be returned.
+     * @return token A positive token identifying the allocated buffer. The same token will be
+     *     provided when referencing the buffer as one of the memory pools in the request of an
+     *     execution. The token must not collide with the tokens of other IBuffer objects that are
+     *     currently alive in the same driver service. If the buffer was unable to be allocated
+     *     due to an error, the token must be 0.
+     */
+    allocate(BufferDesc desc, vec<IPreparedModel> preparedModels, vec<BufferRole> inputRoles,
+             vec<BufferRole> outputRoles)
+            generates (ErrorStatus status, IBuffer buffer, int32_t token);
 };
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IExecutionCallback.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IExecutionCallback.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..439428a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IExecutionCallback.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
+
+import @1.2::IExecutionCallback;
+import @1.2::OutputShape;
+import @1.2::Timing;
+
+/**
+ * IExecutionCallback must be used to return the error status result from an
+ * execution asynchronously launched from IPreparedModel::execute*.
+ */
+interface IExecutionCallback extends @1.2::IExecutionCallback {
+
+    /**
+     * There are three notify methods declared for the IExecutionCallback
+     * interface: notify_1_3, notify_1_2, and notify. One of the three notify
+     * methods must be invoked immediately after the asynchronous task has
+     * finished performing the execution. One of the notify methods must be
+     * provided with the ErrorStatus from the execution. If the asynchronous
+     * task is not launched, one of the notify methods must be invoked with the
+     * appropriate error.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
+     *               (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself
+     *               (if the launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *               - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *               - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *               - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an
+     *                 unspecified error
+     *               - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output
+     *                 operand buffer is not large enough to store the
+     *                 corresponding output
+     *               - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to
+     *                 prepareModel is invalid
+     *               - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the deadline could not be met
+     *               - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the driver
+     * @param outputShapes A list of shape information of model output operands.
+     *                     The index into "outputShapes" corresponds with to index
+     *                     of the output operand in the Request outputs vector.
+     *                     outputShapes must be empty unless the status is either
+     *                     NONE or OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+     * @param timing Duration of execution. Unless MeasureTiming::YES was passed when
+     *               launching the execution and status is NONE, all times must
+     *               be reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may choose to report
+     *               any time as UINT64_MAX, indicating that particular measurement is
+     *               not available.
+     */
+  oneway notify_1_3(ErrorStatus status, vec<OutputShape> outputShapes, Timing timing);
+};
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IFencedExecutionCallback.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IFencedExecutionCallback.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6030809
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IFencedExecutionCallback.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
+
+import @1.2::Timing;
+import ErrorStatus;
+
+/**
+ * IFencedExecutionCallback can be used to query the error status result
+ * and duration information from an IPreparedModel::executeFenced call.
+ */
+interface IFencedExecutionCallback {
+
+    /**
+     * The getExecutionInfo method is used by the clients to query error status
+     * result and duration information. The method must only be called after the actual
+     * evaluation has finished or resulted in an runtime error, as indicated by the status
+     * of the sync fence returned by the IPreparedModel::executeFenced call, otherwise
+     * GENERAL_FAILURE must be returned.
+     *
+     * @return status Error status returned from the asynchronously dispatched execution
+     *                must be:
+     *                - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *                - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *                - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an
+     *                  unspecified error
+     *                - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the deadline for executing a model
+     *                  cannot be met
+     *                - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the
+     *                  driver
+     * @return timingLaunched The duration starts when executeFenced is called and ends when
+     *                        executeFenced signals the returned syncFence.
+     *                        Unless MeasureTiming::YES was passed when
+     *                        launching the execution and status is NONE, all times
+     *                        must be reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may choose to
+     *                        report any time as UINT64_MAX, indicating that particular
+     *                        measurement is not available.
+     * @return timingFenced The duration starts when all waitFor sync fences have been signaled
+     *                      and ends when executeFenced signals the returned syncFence.
+     *                      Unless MeasureTiming::YES was passed when
+     *                      launching the execution and status is NONE, all times
+     *                      must be reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may choose to
+     *                      report any time as UINT64_MAX, indicating that particular
+     *                      measurement is not available.
+     */
+    getExecutionInfo() generates (ErrorStatus status, Timing timingLaunched, Timing timingFenced);
+};
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModel.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModel.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d645de7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModel.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
+
+import @1.2::IPreparedModel;
+import @1.2::MeasureTiming;
+import @1.2::OutputShape;
+import @1.2::Timing;
+import ErrorStatus;
+import OptionalTimeoutDuration;
+import OptionalTimePoint;
+import Request;
+import IExecutionCallback;
+import IFencedExecutionCallback;
+
+/**
+ * IPreparedModel describes a model that has been prepared for execution and
+ * is used to launch executions.
+ */
+interface IPreparedModel extends @1.2::IPreparedModel {
+    /**
+     * Launches an asynchronous execution on a prepared model.
+     *
+     * The execution is performed asynchronously with respect to the caller.
+     * execute_1_3 must verify the inputs to the function are correct, and the usages
+     * of memory pools allocated by IDevice::allocate are valid. If there is
+     * an error, execute_1_3 must immediately invoke the callback with the
+     * appropriate ErrorStatus value, then return with the same ErrorStatus. If
+     * the inputs to the function are valid and there is no error, execute_1_3 must
+     * launch an asynchronous task to perform the execution in the background,
+     * and immediately return with ErrorStatus::NONE. If the asynchronous task
+     * fails to launch, execute_1_3 must immediately invoke the callback with
+     * ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE, then return with
+     * ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE.
+     *
+     * When the asynchronous task has finished its execution, it must
+     * immediately invoke the callback object provided as an input to the
+     * execute_1_3 function. This callback must be provided with the ErrorStatus of
+     * the execution.
+     *
+     * If the launch is successful, the caller must not change the content of
+     * any data object referenced by 'request' (described by the
+     * {@link @1.0::DataLocation} of a {@link @1.0::RequestArgument}) until the
+     * asynchronous task has invoked the callback object. The asynchronous task
+     * must not change the content of any of the data objects corresponding to
+     * 'request' inputs.
+     *
+     * If the prepared model was prepared from a model wherein all tensor
+     * operands have fully specified dimensions, and the inputs to the function
+     * are valid, then:
+     * - the execution should launch successfully (ErrorStatus::NONE): There
+     *   must be no failure unless the device itself is in a bad state.
+     * - if at execution time every operation's input operands have legal
+     *   values, the execution should complete successfully (ErrorStatus::NONE):
+     *   There must be no failure unless the device itself is in a bad state.
+     *
+     * execute_1_3 can be called with an optional deadline. If the execution
+     * is not able to be completed before the provided deadline, the execution
+     * must be aborted, and either {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT} or {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT} must be returned. The error due
+     * to an abort must be sent the same way as other errors, described above.
+     * If the service reports that it does not support execution deadlines via
+     * IDevice::supportsDeadlines, and execute_1_3 is called with a deadline,
+     * then the argument is invalid, and {@link ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT}
+     * must be returned.
+     *
+     * Any number of calls to the execute* and executeSynchronously* functions,
+     * in any combination, may be made concurrently, even on the same
+     * IPreparedModel object.
+     *
+     * @param request The input and output information on which the prepared
+     *                model is to be executed.
+     * @param measure Specifies whether or not to measure duration of the execution.
+     *                The duration runs from the time the driver sees the call
+     *                to the execute_1_3 function to the time the driver invokes
+     *                the callback.
+     * @param deadline The time by which the execution must complete. If the
+     *                 execution cannot be finished by the deadline, the
+     *                 execution must be aborted.
+     * @param callback A callback object used to return the error status of
+     *                 the execution, shape information of model output operands, and
+     *                 duration of execution. The callback object's notify function must
+     *                 be called exactly once, even if the execution was
+     *                 unsuccessful.
+     * @return status Error status of the call, must be:
+     *                - NONE if task is successfully launched
+     *                - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *                - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *                - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if provided output buffer is
+     *                  not large enough to store the resultant values
+     *                - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments is
+     *                  invalid
+     *                - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the deadline for executing a model
+     *                  cannot be met
+     *                - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the
+     *                  driver
+     */
+    execute_1_3(Request request, MeasureTiming measure, OptionalTimePoint deadline,
+                IExecutionCallback callback)
+        generates (ErrorStatus status);
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a synchronous execution on a prepared model.
+     *
+     * The execution is performed synchronously with respect to the caller.
+     * executeSynchronously_1_3 must verify the inputs to the function are
+     * correct, and the usages of memory pools allocated by IDevice::allocate
+     * are valid. If there is an error, executeSynchronously_1_3 must immediately
+     * return with the appropriate ErrorStatus value. If the inputs to the
+     * function are valid and there is no error, executeSynchronously_1_3 must
+     * perform the execution, and must not return until the execution is
+     * complete.
+     *
+     * The caller must not change the content of any data object referenced by
+     * 'request' (described by the {@link @1.0::DataLocation} of a
+     * {@link @1.0::RequestArgument}) until executeSynchronously_1_3
+     * returns. executeSynchronously_1_3 must not change the content of any of the
+     * data objects corresponding to 'request' inputs.
+     *
+     * If the prepared model was prepared from a model wherein all tensor
+     * operands have fully specified dimensions, and the inputs to the function
+     * are valid, and at execution time every operation's input operands have
+     * legal values, then the execution should complete successfully
+     * (ErrorStatus::NONE): There must be no failure unless the device itself is
+     * in a bad state.
+     *
+     * executeSynchronously_1_3 can be called with an optional deadline. If the
+     * execution is not able to be completed before the provided deadline, the
+     * execution must be aborted, and either {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT} or {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT} must be returned. The error due
+     * to an abort must be sent the same way as other errors, described above.
+     * If the service reports that it does not support execution deadlines via
+     * IDevice::supportsDeadlines, and executeSynchronously_1_3 is called with a
+     * deadline, then the argument is invalid, and
+     * {@link ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT} must be returned.
+     *
+     * Any number of calls to the execute* and executeSynchronously* functions,
+     * in any combination, may be made concurrently, even on the same
+     * IPreparedModel object.
+     *
+     * @param request The input and output information on which the prepared
+     *                model is to be executed.
+     * @param measure Specifies whether or not to measure duration of the execution.
+     *                The duration runs from the time the driver sees the call
+     *                to the executeSynchronously_1_3 function to the time the driver
+     *                returns from the function.
+     * @param deadline The time by which the execution must complete. If the
+     *                 execution cannot be finished by the deadline, the
+     *                 execution must be aborted.
+     * @return status Error status of the execution, must be:
+     *                - NONE if execution is performed successfully
+     *                - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *                - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *                - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output
+     *                  operand buffer is not large enough to store the
+     *                  corresponding output
+     *                - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments is
+     *                  invalid
+     *                - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the deadline for executing a model
+     *                  cannot be met
+     *                - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the
+     *                  driver
+     * @return outputShapes A list of shape information of model output operands.
+     *                      The index into "outputShapes" corresponds to the index
+     *                      of the output operand in the Request outputs vector.
+     *                      outputShapes must be empty unless the status is either
+     *                      NONE or OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+     * @return timing Duration of execution. Unless measure is YES and status is
+     *                NONE, all times must be reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may
+     *                choose to report any time as UINT64_MAX, indicating that
+     *                measurement is not available.
+     */
+    executeSynchronously_1_3(Request request, MeasureTiming measure,
+                             OptionalTimePoint deadline)
+                  generates (ErrorStatus status, vec<OutputShape> outputShapes,
+                             Timing timing);
+
+    /**
+     * Launch a fenced asynchronous execution on a prepared model.
+     *
+     * The execution is performed asynchronously with respect to the caller.
+     * executeFenced must verify the inputs to the function are correct, and the usages
+     * of memory pools allocated by IDevice::allocate are valid. If there is an error,
+     * executeFenced must immediately return with the corresponding ErrorStatus, an empty
+     * handle for syncFence, and nullptr for callback. If the inputs to the function
+     * are valid and there is no error, executeFenced must dispatch an asynchronous task
+     * to perform the execution in the background, and immediately return with
+     * ErrorStatus::NONE, a sync fence that will be signaled once the execution is completed,
+     * and a callback that can be used by the client to query the duration and runtime error
+     * status. If the task has finished before the call returns, an empty handle may be returned
+     * for syncFence. The execution must wait for all the sync fences (if any) in waitFor
+     * to be signaled before starting the actual execution.
+     *
+     * When the asynchronous task has finished its execution, it must
+     * immediately signal the syncFence returned from the executeFenced call. After
+     * the syncFence is signaled, the task must not modify the content of
+     * any data object referenced by 'request' (described by the
+     * {@link @1.0::DataLocation} of a {@link @1.0::RequestArgument}).
+     *
+     * executeFenced can be called with an optional deadline and an optional duration.
+     * If the execution is not able to be completed before the provided deadline or
+     * within the timeout duration (measured from when all sync fences in waitFor are
+     * signaled), whichever comes earlier, the execution must be aborted, and either
+     * {@link ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT} or {@link
+     * ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT} must be returned. The error due
+     * to an abort must be sent the same way as other errors, described above.
+     * If the service reports that it does not support execution deadlines via
+     * IDevice::supportsDeadlines, and executeFenced is called with a
+     * deadline or duration, then the argument is invalid, and
+     * {@link ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT} must be returned.
+     *
+     * If any of the sync fences in waitFor changes to error status after the executeFenced
+     * call succeeds, or the execution is aborted because it cannot finish before the deadline
+     * has been reached or the duration has elapsed, the driver must immediately set the returned
+     * syncFence to error status.
+     *
+     * Any number of calls to the executeFenced, execute* and executeSynchronously*
+     * functions, in any combination, may be made concurrently, even on the same
+     * IPreparedModel object.
+     *
+     * @param request The input and output information on which the prepared
+     *                model is to be executed. The outputs in the request must have
+     *                fully specified dimensions.
+     * @param waitFor A vector of sync fence file descriptors.
+     *                Execution must not start until all sync fences have been signaled.
+     * @param measure Specifies whether or not to measure duration of the execution.
+     * @param deadline The time by which the execution must complete. If the
+     *                 execution cannot be finished by the deadline, the
+     *                 execution must be aborted.
+     * @param duration The length of time within which the execution must
+     *                 complete after all sync fences in waitFor are signaled. If the
+     *                 execution cannot be finished within the duration, the execution
+     *                 must be aborted.
+     * @return status Error status of the call, must be:
+     *                - NONE if task is successfully launched
+     *                - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *                - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *                - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments is invalid, including
+     *                                   fences in error states.
+     *                - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the deadline for executing a model
+     *                  cannot be met
+     *                - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the
+     *                  driver
+     * @return syncFence The sync fence that will be signaled when the task is completed.
+     *                   The sync fence will be set to error if a critical error,
+     *                   e.g. hardware failure or kernel panic, occurs when doing execution.
+     * @return callback The IFencedExecutionCallback can be used to query information like duration
+     *                  and error status when the execution is completed.
+     */
+    executeFenced(Request request, vec<handle> waitFor, MeasureTiming measure,
+                  OptionalTimePoint deadline, OptionalTimeoutDuration duration)
+        generates (ErrorStatus status, handle syncFence, IFencedExecutionCallback callback);
+};
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModelCallback.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModelCallback.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11ebbf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModelCallback.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
+
+import @1.2::IPreparedModelCallback;
+import IPreparedModel;
+
+/**
+ * IPreparedModelCallback must be used to return a prepared model produced by an
+ * asynchronous task launched from IDevice::prepareModel.
+ */
+interface IPreparedModelCallback extends @1.2::IPreparedModelCallback {
+
+    /**
+     * There are three notify methods declared for the IPreparedModelCallback
+     * interface: notify_1_3, notify_1_2, and notify. One of the three
+     * notify methods must be invoked immediately after the asynchronous
+     * task holding this callback has finished preparing the model. If the model was
+     * successfully prepared, one of the notify methods must be invoked with
+     * ErrorStatus::NONE and the prepared model. If the model was not able to be
+     * successfully prepared, one of the notify methods must be invoked with the
+     * appropriate ErrorStatus and nullptr as the IPreparedModel. If the asynchronous
+     * task holding this callback fails to launch or if the model provided to
+     * IDevice::prepareModel is invalid, one of the notify methods must be invoked
+     * with the appropriate error as well as nullptr for the IPreparedModel.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from the asynchronous model
+     *               preparation task; must be:
+     *               - NONE if the asynchronous task successfully prepared the
+     *                 model
+     *               - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *               - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an
+     *                 unspecified error
+     *               - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to
+     *                 prepareModel is invalid
+     *               - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the deadline for executing a model
+     *                 cannot be met
+     *               - RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_* if the task was aborted by the
+     *                 driver
+     * @param preparedModel A model that has been asynchronously prepared for
+     *                      execution. If the model was unable to be prepared
+     *                      due to an error, nullptr must be passed in place of
+     *                      the IPreparedModel object.
+     */
+    oneway notify_1_3(ErrorStatus status, IPreparedModel preparedModel);
+};
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.hal
index 86ab287..ed577e4 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.hal
@@ -17,8 +17,11 @@
 package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
 
 import @1.0::DataLocation;
-import @1.0::OperandLifeTime;
+import @1.0::ErrorStatus;
 import @1.0::PerformanceInfo;
+import @1.0::RequestArgument;
+import @1.2::Model.ExtensionNameAndPrefix;
+import @1.2::Model.ExtensionTypeEncoding;
 import @1.2::OperandType;
 import @1.2::OperationType;
 import @1.2::SymmPerChannelQuantParams;
@@ -39,6 +42,13 @@
      */
     TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED = 14,
 
+    /**
+     * A reference to a subgraph.
+     *
+     * Must have the lifetime {@link OperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH}.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH = 15,
+
     /*
      * DEPRECATED. Since HAL version 1.2, extensions are the preferred
      * alternative to OEM operation and data types.
@@ -67,12 +77,5052 @@
 enum OperandTypeRange : uint32_t {
     BASE_MIN        = 0,
     FUNDAMENTAL_MIN = 0,
-    FUNDAMENTAL_MAX = 14,
+    FUNDAMENTAL_MAX = 15,
     OEM_MIN         = 10000,
     OEM_MAX         = 10001,
     BASE_MAX        = 0xFFFF,
 };
 
+/**
+ * Operation types.
+ *
+ * The type of an operation in a model.
+ */
+enum OperationType : int32_t {
+
+    /**
+     * Adds two tensors, element-wise.
+     *
+     * Takes two input tensors of identical {@link OperandType} and compatible
+     * dimensions. The output is the sum of both input tensors, optionally
+     * modified by an activation function.
+     *
+     * Two dimensions are compatible when:
+     *     1. they are equal, or
+     *     2. one of them is 1
+     *
+     * The size of the output is the maximum size along each dimension of the
+     * input operands. It starts with the trailing dimensions, and works its
+     * way forward.
+     *
+     * Example:
+     *
+     *     input1.dimension = {4, 1, 2}
+     *     input2.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 1}
+     *     output.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 2}
+     *
+     * Since HAL version 1.2, generic zero-sized input tensor is supported. Zero
+     * dimension is only compatible with 0 or 1. The size of the output
+     * dimension is zero if either of corresponding input dimension is zero.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType}, and compatible dimensions
+     *      as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scales and zeroPoint can be different from input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor,
+     *      the {@link FusedActivationFunc} must be "NONE".
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The sum, a tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    ADD = @1.2::OperationType:ADD,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a 2-D average pooling operation.
+     *
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, i, j, channel] =
+     *         sum_{di, dj}(
+     *             input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj, channel]
+     *         ) / sum(1)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      width.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      height.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 10: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *       Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *       Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      width.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      height.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 7: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    AVERAGE_POOL_2D = @1.2::OperationType:AVERAGE_POOL_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * Concatenates the input tensors along the given dimension.
+     *
+     * The input tensors must have identical {@link OperandType} and the same
+     * dimensions except the dimension along the concatenation axis.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *   (full support since HAL version 1.2, see the input section)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0 ~ n-1: The list of n input tensors, of shape
+     *            [D0, D1, ..., Daxis(i), ..., Dm].
+     *            Before HAL version 1.2, all input tensors of
+     *            {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *            must have the same scale and zeroPoint as the output tensor.
+     *            Input tensors of
+     *            {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *            are allowed to have different scale and zeroPoint.
+     *            Since HAL version 1.2, zero-sized tensors are supported.
+     * * n: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the
+     *      concatenation axis.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output, a tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as the input
+     *      tensors. The output shape is [D0, D1, ..., sum(Daxis(i)), ..., Dm].
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, for a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint values can be different from
+     *      input tensors. Before HAL version 1.2 they have to be the same as for the input tensors.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint values can be different from input tensors.
+     */
+    CONCATENATION = @1.2::OperationType:CONCATENATION,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a 2-D convolution operation.
+     *
+     * The CONV_2D op sweeps a 2-D filter that can mix channels together over a
+     * batch of images, applying the filter to each window of each image of the
+     * appropriate size.
+     *
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, i, j, channel] =
+     *         sum_{di, dj, k} (
+     *             input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj, k] *
+     *             filter[channel, di, dj, k]
+     *         ) + bias[channel]
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType} configurations:
+     * * 32 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * Quantized:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * Available since HAL version 1.2:
+     * * 16 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * Quantized with symmetric per channel quantization for the filter:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Available since HAL version 1.3:
+     * * Quantized signed (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * * Quantized signed with filter symmetric per channel quantization (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_in], specifying the
+     *      filter.
+     *      For tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}
+     *      the channel dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim)
+     *      must be set to 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 10: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 11: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for width. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on width dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 12 (dilation factor for height) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 12: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for height. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on height dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 11 (dilation factor for width) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_in], specifying the
+     *      filter.
+     *      For tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}
+     *      the channel dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim)
+     *      must be set to 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same
+     *      type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 7: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 8: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for width. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on width dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 9 (dilation factor for height) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 9: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for height. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on height dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 8 (dilation factor for width) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth_out].
+     *      Before HAL version 1.2, for output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the following condition must be satisfied: output_scale > input_scale * filter_scale
+     */
+    CONV_2D = @1.2::OperationType:CONV_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a depthwise 2-D convolution operation.
+     *
+     * Given an input tensor of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in] and a
+     * filter tensor of shape [1, filter_height, filter_width, depth_out]
+     * containing depth_out convolutional filters of depth 1, DEPTHWISE_CONV
+     * applies a different filter to each input channel (expanding from 1
+     * channel to channel_multiplier channels for each), then concatenates the
+     * results together.
+     *
+     * The output has depth_out = depth_in * depth_multiplier channels.
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, i, j, k * channel_multiplier + q] =
+     *         sum_{di, dj} (
+     *             input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj, k] *
+     *             filter[1, di, dj, k * channel_multiplier + q]
+     *         ) + bias[k * channel_multiplier + q]
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType} configurations:
+     * * 32 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * Quantized:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * Available since HAL version 1.2:
+     * * 16 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * Quantized with symmetric per channel quantization for the filter:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Available since HAL version 1.3:
+     * * Quantized signed (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * * Quantized signed with filter symmetric per channel quantization (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape [1, filter_height, filter_width, depth_out],
+     *      specifying the filter.
+     *      For tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}
+     *      the channel dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim)
+     *      must be set to 3.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the depthwise
+     *      multiplier.
+     * * 10: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *       {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *       invoke on the result.
+     * * 11: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *       Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *       Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 12: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for width. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on width dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 13 (dilation factor for height) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 13: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for height. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on height dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 12 (dilation factor for width) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape [1, filter_height, filter_width, depth_out],
+     *      specifying the filter.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the depthwise
+     *      multiplier.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 8: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 9: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for width. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on width dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 10 (dilation factor for height) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     * * 10: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dilation
+     *      factor for height. Defaults to 1. If set to k > 1, there will be k-1 skipped
+     *      cells between each filter element on height dimension. If this input is set,
+     *      input 9 (dilation factor for width) must be specified as well.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth_out]. Before HAL version 1.2, for
+     *      output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the following condition must be satisfied:
+     *      output_scale > input_scale * filter_scale
+     */
+    DEPTHWISE_CONV_2D = @1.2::OperationType:DEPTHWISE_CONV_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * Rearranges data from depth into blocks of spatial data.
+     *
+     * More specifically, this op outputs a copy of the input tensor where
+     * values from the depth dimension are moved in spatial blocks to the height
+     * and width dimensions. The value block_size indicates the input block size
+     * and how the data is moved.
+     *
+     * Chunks of data of size block_size * block_size from depth are rearranged
+     * into non-overlapping blocks of size block_size x block_size.
+     *
+     * The width of the output tensor is input_depth * block_size, whereas the
+     * height is input_height * block_size. The depth of the input tensor must
+     * be divisible by block_size * block_size
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the block_size.
+     *      block_size must be >=1 and block_size * block_size must be a divisor
+     *      of the input depth.
+     * * 2: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape [batch, height*block_size,
+     *      width*block_size, depth/(block_size*block_size)].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    DEPTH_TO_SPACE = @1.2::OperationType:DEPTH_TO_SPACE,
+
+    /**
+     * Dequantizes the input tensor.
+     *
+     * The formula is:
+     *
+     *     output = (input - zeroPoint) * scale.
+     *
+     * Supported input tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported output tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor with the same shape as input0.
+     */
+    DEQUANTIZE = @1.2::OperationType:DEQUANTIZE,
+
+    /**
+     * Looks up sub-tensors in the input tensor.
+     *
+     * This operator takes for input a tensor of values (Values) and
+     * a one-dimensional tensor of selection indices (Lookups).
+     * The output tensor is the concatenation of sub-tensors of Values as
+     * selected by Lookups.
+     *
+     * Think of Values as being sliced along its first dimension:
+     * The entries in Lookups select which slices are concatenated together
+     * to create the output tensor.
+     *
+     * For example, if Values has shape of [40, 200, 300] and
+     * Lookups has shape of [3], all three values found in Lookups are
+     * expected to be between 0 and 39. The resulting tensor must
+     * have shape of [3, 200, 300].
+     *
+     * If a value in Lookups is out of bounds, the operation must fail
+     * and an error must be reported.
+     *
+     * Supported value tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported value tensor rank: from 2
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: Lookups. A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}.
+     *      The values are indices into the first dimension of Values.
+     * * 1: Values. An n-D tensor, where n >= 2, from which sub-tensors are
+     *      extracted.
+     *
+     * Output:
+     * * 0: A n-D tensor with the same rank and shape as the Values
+     *      tensor, except for the first dimension which has the same size
+     *      as Lookups' only dimension.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input1.
+     */
+    EMBEDDING_LOOKUP = @1.2::OperationType:EMBEDDING_LOOKUP,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes element-wise floor() on the input tensor.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor, of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions as
+     *      the input tensor.
+     */
+    FLOOR = @1.2::OperationType:FLOOR,
+
+    /**
+     * Denotes a fully (densely) connected layer, which connects all elements
+     * in the input tensor with each element in the output tensor.
+     *
+     * This layer implements the operation:
+     *
+     *     outputs = activation(inputs * weights’ + bias)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of at least rank 2, specifying the input. If rank is
+     *      greater than 2, then it gets flattened to a 2-D Tensor. The
+     *      (flattened) 2-D Tensor is reshaped (if necessary) to
+     *      [batch_size, input_size], where "input_size" corresponds to the
+     *      number of inputs to the layer, matching the second dimension of
+     *      weights, and "batch_size" is calculated by dividing the number of
+     *      elements by "input_size".
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batch_size is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A 2-D tensor, specifying the weights, of shape
+     *      [num_units, input_size], where "num_units" corresponds to the number
+     *      of output nodes.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [num_units], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the bias should
+     *      also be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor, of shape [batch_size, num_units]. Before HAL version 1.2, for
+     *      output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, the following
+     *      condition must be satisfied: output_scale > input_scale * filter_scale.
+     */
+    FULLY_CONNECTED = @1.2::OperationType:FULLY_CONNECTED,
+
+    /**
+     * Looks up sub-tensors in the input tensor using a key-value map.
+     *
+     * This operator takes for input a tensor of values (Values),
+     * a one-dimensional tensor of selection values (Lookups) and
+     * a one-dimensional tensor that maps these values to Values
+     * indexes. The output tensor is the concatenation of sub-tensors of
+     * Values as selected by Lookups via Keys.
+     *
+     * Think of Values as being sliced along its outer-most dimension.
+     * The output is a concatenation of selected slices, with one slice
+     * for each entry of Lookups. The slice selected is the one at the
+     * same index as the Maps entry that matches the value in Lookups.
+     *
+     * For a hit, the corresponding sub-tensor of Values is included
+     * in the Output tensor. For a miss, the corresponding sub-tensor in
+     * Output must have zero values.
+     *
+     * For example, if Values has shape of [40, 200, 300],
+     * Keys should have a shape of [40]. If Lookups tensor has shape
+     * of [3], three slices are being concatenated, so the resulting tensor
+     * must have the shape of [3, 200, 300]. If the first entry in Lookups
+     * has the value 123456, that value must be located in Keys tensor.
+     * If the sixth entry of Keys contains 123456, the sixth slice of Values
+     * must be selected. If no entry in Keys has 123456, a slice of zeroes
+     * must be concatenated.
+     *
+     * Supported value tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *
+     * Supported value tensor rank: from 2
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: Lookups. A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor with
+     *      shape [ k ].
+     * * 1: Keys. A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor with shape
+     *      [ n ]; Keys and Values pair represent a map, i.e., the ith element
+     *      in Keys (Keys[i]) is the key to select the ith sub-tensor in Values
+     *      (Values[i]), where 0 <= i <= n-1. Keys tensor *MUST* be sorted in
+     *      ascending order.
+     * * 2: Values. A tensor with shape of [ n, … ]; i.e., the first dimension
+     *      must be n.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: Output. A tensor with shape [ k …].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input2.
+     * * 1: Hits. A boolean tensor with shape [ k ] indicates whether the lookup
+     *      hits (True) or not (False).
+     *      Stored as {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} with offset 0
+     *      and scale 1.0f.
+     *      A non-zero byte represents True, a hit. A zero indicates otherwise.
+     */
+    HASHTABLE_LOOKUP = @1.2::OperationType:HASHTABLE_LOOKUP,
+
+    /**
+     * Applies L2 normalization along the depth dimension.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[batch, row, col, channel] =
+     *         input[batch, row, col, channel] /
+     *         sqrt(sum_{c} pow(input[batch, row, col, c], 2))
+     *
+     * For input tensor with rank less than 4, independently normalizes each
+     * 1-D slice along dimension dim.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     * Tensors with rank less than 4 are only supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be normalized.
+     * * 1: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, default to -1,
+     *      specifying the dimension normalization would be performed on.
+     *      Negative index is used to specify axis from the end (e.g. -1 for
+     *      the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and same shape as input0.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 128 and the zeroPoint must be 128.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 128 and the zeroPoint must be 0.
+     */
+    L2_NORMALIZATION = @1.2::OperationType:L2_NORMALIZATION,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs an 2-D L2 pooling operation.
+     *
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, i, j, c] =
+     *         sqrt(sum_{di, dj} pow(input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj, c], 2) /
+     *              sum(1))
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      width.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      height.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 10: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *       Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *       Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      width.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      height.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 7: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth].
+     */
+    L2_POOL_2D = @1.2::OperationType:L2_POOL_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * Applies Local Response Normalization along the depth dimension.
+     *
+     * The 4-D input tensor is treated as a 3-D array of 1-D vectors (along the
+     * last dimension), and each vector is normalized independently. Within a
+     * given vector, each component is divided by the weighted, squared sum of
+     * inputs within depth_radius.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     sqr_sum[a, b, c, d] = sum(
+     *         pow(input[a, b, c, d - depth_radius : d + depth_radius + 1], 2))
+     *     output = input / pow((bias + alpha * sqr_sum), beta)
+     *
+     * For input tensor with rank less than 4, independently normalizes each
+     * 1-D slice along specified dimension.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     * Tensors with rank less than 4 are only supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the radius of
+     *      the normalization window.
+     * * 2: A scalar, specifying the bias, must not be zero.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias
+     *      value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the bias
+     *      value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 3: A scalar, specifying the scale factor, alpha.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the
+     *      alpha value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the
+     *      alpha value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 4: A scalar, specifying the exponent, beta.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the beta
+     *      value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the beta
+     *      value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 5: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, default to -1,
+     *      specifying the dimension normalization would be performed on.
+     *      Negative index is used to specify axis from the end (e.g. -1 for
+     *      the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    LOCAL_RESPONSE_NORMALIZATION = @1.2::OperationType:LOCAL_RESPONSE_NORMALIZATION,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes sigmoid activation on the input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output = 1 / (1 + exp(-input))
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 256 and the zeroPoint must be 0.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 256 and the zeroPoint must be -128.
+     */
+    LOGISTIC = @1.2::OperationType:LOGISTIC,
+
+    /**
+     * Projects an input to a bit vector via locality senstive hashing.
+     *
+     * Supported input tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *
+     * Supported input tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: Hash functions. Dim.size == 2, DataType: Float.
+     *      Tensor[0].Dim[0]: Number of hash functions.
+     *      Tensor[0].Dim[1]: Number of projected output bits generated by each
+     *      hash function.
+     *      If the projection type is Sparse:
+     *      Tensor[0].Dim[1] + ceil(log2(Tensor[0].Dim[0])) <= 32
+     *
+     * * 1: Input. Dim.size >= 1, no restriction on DataType.
+     * * 2: Weight. Optional. Dim.size == 1, DataType: Float.
+     *      If not set, each input element is considered to have the same weight
+     *      of 1.0.
+     *      Tensor[1].Dim[0] == Tensor[2].Dim[0]
+     * * 3: Type:
+     *        Sparse:
+     *          Value LSHProjectionType_SPARSE(=3) (since HAL version 1.2).
+     *          Computed bit vector is considered to be sparse.
+     *          Each output element is an int32 made up of multiple bits
+     *          computed from hash functions.
+     *
+     *          NOTE: To avoid collisions across hash functions, an offset value
+     *          of k * (1 << Tensor[0].Dim[1]) will be added to each signature,
+     *          where k is the index of the hash function.
+     *
+     *          Value LSHProjectionType_SPARSE_DEPRECATED(=1).
+     *          Legacy behavior that does not include the offset value.
+     *
+     *        Dense:
+     *          Value LSHProjectionType_DENSE(=2).
+     *          Computed bit vector is considered to be dense. Each output
+     *          element represents a bit and can take the value of either
+     *          0 or 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: If the projection type is Sparse:
+     *      Output.Dim == { Tensor[0].Dim[0] }
+     *      A tensor of int32 that represents hash signatures.
+     *
+     *      If the projection type is Dense:
+     *      Output.Dim == { Tensor[0].Dim[0] * Tensor[0].Dim[1] }
+     *      A flattened tensor that represents projected bit vectors.
+     * The offset value for sparse projections was added in HAL version 1.2.
+     */
+    LSH_PROJECTION = @1.2::OperationType:LSH_PROJECTION,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a single time step in a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) layer
+     *
+     * The LSTM operation is described by the following equations.
+     *
+     * \f{eqnarray*}{
+     * i_t =& \sigma(W_{xi}x_t+W_{hi}h_{t-1}+W_{ci}C_{t-1}+b_i) & \\
+     * f_t =& \sigma(W_{xf}x_t+W_{hf}h_{t-1}+W_{cf}C_{t-1}+b_f) & \\
+     * C_t =& clip(f_t \odot C_{t-1} + i_t \odot
+     *        g(W_{xc}x_t+W_{hc}h_{t-1}+b_c),\ t_{cell}) & \\
+     * o_t =& \sigma(W_{xo}x_t+W_{ho}h_{t-1}+W_{co}C_t+b_o) & \\
+     *      & & \\
+     *      & clip(W_{proj}(o_t \odot g(C_t))+b_{proj},\ t_{proj})
+     *      & if\ there\ is\ a\ projection; \\
+     * h_t =& & \\
+     *      & o_t \odot g(C_t) & otherwise. \\
+     * \f}
+     * Where:
+     * * \f$x_t\f$ is the input,
+     * * \f$i_t\f$ is the input gate,
+     * * \f$f_t\f$ is the forget gate,
+     * * \f$C_t\f$ is the cell state,
+     * * \f$o_t\f$ is the output,
+     * * \f$h_t\f$ is the output state,
+     * * \f$\sigma\f$ is the logistic sigmoid function,
+     * * \f$g\f$ is the cell input and cell output activation function, usually
+     *   \f$tahn\f$,
+     * * \f$W_{xi}\f$ is the input-to-input weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{hi}\f$ is the recurrent to input weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{ci}\f$ is the cell-to-input weight matrix,
+     * * \f$b_i\f$ is the input gate bias,
+     * * \f$W_{xf}\f$ is the input-to-forget weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{hf}\f$ is the recurrent-to-forget weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{cf}\f$ is the cell-to-forget weight matrix,
+     * * \f$b_f\f$ is the forget gate bias,
+     * * \f$W_{xc}\f$ is the input-to-cell weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{hc}\f$ is the recurrent-to-cell weight matrix,
+     * * \f$b_c\f$ is the cell bias,
+     * * \f$W_{xo}\f$ is the input-to-output weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{ho}\f$ is the recurrent-to-output weight matrix,
+     * * \f$W_{co}\f$ is the cell-to-output weight matrix,
+     * * \f$b_o\f$ is the output gate bias,
+     * * \f$W_{proj}\f$ is the projection weight matrix,
+     * * \f$b_{proj}\f$ is the projection bias,
+     * * \f$t_{cell}\f$ is the threshold for clipping the cell state, and
+     * * \f$t_{proj}\f$ is the threshold for clipping the projected output.
+     * * \f$\odot\f$ is the
+     *   <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadamard_product_(matrices)">
+     *   Hadamard product</a> that takes two matrices and produces another
+     *   matrix, each element of which is the product of the corresponding
+     *   elements of the input matrices.
+     *
+     * Since HAL version 1.2 LSTM supports layer normalization.
+     * In case layer normalization is used, the inputs to internal activation
+     * functions (sigmoid and \f$g\f$) are normalized, rescaled and recentered
+     * following an approach from section 3.1 from
+     * https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.06450.pdf
+     *
+     * The operation has the following independently optional inputs:
+     * * The cell-to-input weights (\f$W_{ci}\f$), cell-to-forget weights
+     *   (\f$W_{cf}\f$) and cell-to-output weights (\f$W_{co}\f$) either all
+     *   have values or neither of them have values (i.e., all set to null). If
+     *   they have values, the peephole optimization is used.
+     * * The input-to-input weights (\f$W_{xi}\f$), recurrent-to-input weights
+     *   (\f$W_{hi}\f$) and input gate bias (\f$b_i\f$) either all have values,
+     *   or none of them have values. If they have no values, coupling of input
+     *   and forget gates (CIFG) is used, in which case the input gate
+     *   (\f$i_t\f$) is calculated using the following equation instead.
+     *   \f{eqnarray*}{
+     *   i_t = 1 - f_t
+     *   \f}
+     *   In case peephole optimization is used and CIFG is not used
+     *   cell-to-input (\f$W_{ci}\f$) weights must be present. Otherwise, the
+     *   cell-to-input weights must have no value.
+     * * The projection weights (\f$W_{proj}\f$) is required only for the
+     *   recurrent projection layer, and should otherwise have no value.
+     * * The projection bias (\f$b_{proj}\f$) may (but not required to) have a
+     *   value if the recurrent projection layer exists, and should otherwise
+     *   have no value.
+     * * (HAL version 1.2 or later) The four layer normalization weights either all have
+     *   values or none of them have values. Additionally, if CIFG is used,
+     *   input layer normalization weights tensor is omitted and the other layer
+     *   normalization weights either all have values or none of them have
+     *   values. Layer normalization is used when the values of all the layer
+     *   normalization weights are present.
+     *
+     * References:
+     *
+     * The default non-peephole non-CIFG implementation is based on:
+     * http://www.bioinf.jku.at/publications/older/2604.pdf
+     * S. Hochreiter and J. Schmidhuber. "Long Short-Term Memory". Neural
+     * Computation, 9(8):1735-1780, 1997.
+     *
+     * The peephole implementation and projection layer is based on:
+     * https://research.google.com/pubs/archive/43905.pdf
+     * Hasim Sak, Andrew Senior, and Francoise Beaufays. "Long short-term memory
+     * recurrent neural network architectures for large scale acoustic
+     * modeling." INTERSPEECH, 2014.
+     * (However, the concept of peephole optimization was introduced in work
+     * prior to this paper.)
+     *
+     * The coupling of input and forget gate (CIFG) is based on:
+     * http://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.04069.pdf
+     * Greff et al. "LSTM: A Search Space Odyssey"
+     *
+     * The layer normalization is based on:
+     * https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.06450.pdf
+     * Jimmy Ba et al. "Layer Normalization"
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * All input and output tensors must be of the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: The input (\f$x_t\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, input_size], where “batch_size”
+     *      corresponds to the batching dimension, and “input_size” is the size
+     *      of the input.
+     * * 1: The input-to-input weights (\f$W_{xi}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size], where “num_units”
+     *      corresponds to the number of cell units.
+     * * 2: The input-to-forget weights (\f$W_{xf}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size].
+     * * 3: The input-to-cell weights (\f$W_{xc}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size].
+     * * 4: The input-to-output weights (\f$W_{xo}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size].
+     * * 5: The recurrent-to-input weights (\f$W_{hi}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size], where “output_size”
+     *      corresponds to either the number of cell units (i.e., “num_units”),
+     *      or the second dimension of the “projection_weights”, if defined.
+     * * 6: The recurrent-to-forget weights (\f$W_{hf}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size].
+     * * 7: The recurrent-to-cell weights (\f$W_{hc}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size].
+     * * 8: The recurrent-to-output weights (\f$W_{ho}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size].
+     * * 9: The cell-to-input weights (\f$W_{ci}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 10:The cell-to-forget weights (\f$W_{cf}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 11:The cell-to-output weights (\f$W_{co}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 12:The input gate bias (\f$b_i\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 13:The forget gate bias (\f$b_f\f$).
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 14:The cell bias (\f$b_c\f$).
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 15:The output gate bias (\f$b_o\f$).
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 16:The projection weights (\f$W_{proj}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [output_size, num_units].
+     * * 17:The projection bias (\f$b_{proj}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [output_size].
+     * * 18:The output state (in) (\f$h_{t-1}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, output_size].
+     * * 19:The cell state (in) (\f$C_{t-1}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units].
+     * * 20:The activation function (\f$g\f$).
+     *      A value indicating the activation function:
+     *      <ul>
+     *      <li>0: None;
+     *      <li>1: Relu;
+     *      <li>3: Relu6;
+     *      <li>4: Tanh;
+     *      <li>6: Sigmoid.
+     *      </ul>
+     * * 21:The clipping threshold (\f$t_{cell}\f$) for the cell state, such
+     *      that values are bound within [-cell_clip, cell_clip]. If set to 0.0
+     *      then clipping is disabled.
+     *      Until HAL version 1.2 this scalar must be of type {@link
+     *      OperandType::FLOAT32}. Since HAL version 1.2, if all the input
+     *      tensors have type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, this
+     *      scalar must be of the type {@link OperandType::FLOAT32},
+     *      otherwise if all the input tensors have the type {@link
+     *      OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, this scalar must be of type {@link
+     *      OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     * * 22:The clipping threshold (\f$t_{proj}\f$) for the output from the
+     *      projection layer, such that values are bound within
+     *      [-proj_clip, proj_clip]. If set to 0.0 then clipping is disabled.
+     *      Until HAL version 1.2 this scalar must be of type {@link
+     *      OperandType::FLOAT32}. Since HAL version 1.2, if all the input
+     *      tensors have type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, this
+     *      scalar must be of the type {@link OperandType::FLOAT32},
+     *      otherwise if all the input tensors have the type {@link
+     *      OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, this scalar must be of type {@link
+     *      OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     * Since HAL version 1.2 there are additional inputs to this op:
+     * * 23:The input layer normalization weights.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at input gate.
+     * * 24:The forget layer normalization weights.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at forget gate.
+     * * 25:The cell layer normalization weights.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at cell gate.
+     * * 26:The output layer normalization weights.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at output gate.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The scratch buffer.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units * 3] with CIFG, or
+     *      [batch_size, num_units * 4] without CIFG.
+     * * 1: The output state (out) (\f$h_t\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, output_size].
+     * * 2: The cell state (out) (\f$C_t\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units].
+     * * 3: The output (\f$o_t\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, output_size]. This is effectively
+     *      the same as the current “output state (out)” value.
+     */
+    LSTM = @1.2::OperationType:LSTM,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs an 2-D max pooling operation.
+     *
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, i, j, channel] =
+     *         max_{di, dj} (
+     *             input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj, channel]
+     *         )
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      width.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      height.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 10: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *       Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *       Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      width.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the filter
+     *      height.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 7: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    MAX_POOL_2D = @1.2::OperationType:MAX_POOL_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * Multiplies two tensors, element-wise.
+     *
+     * Takes two input tensors of identical {@link OperandType} and compatible
+     * dimensions. The output is the product of both input tensors, optionally
+     * modified by an activation function.
+     *
+     * Two dimensions are compatible when:
+     *     1. they are equal, or
+     *     2. one of them is 1
+     *
+     * The size of the resulting output is the maximum size along each dimension
+     * of the input operands. It starts with the trailing dimensions, and works
+     * its way forward.
+     *
+     * Since HAL version 1.2, generic zero-sized input tensor is supported. Zero
+     * dimension is only compatible with 0 or 1. The size of the output
+     * dimension is zero if either of corresponding input dimension is zero.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType}, and compatible dimensions
+     *      as input0.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor,
+     *      the {@link FusedActivationFunc} must be "NONE".
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The product, a tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the following condition must be satisfied:
+     *      output_scale > input1_scale * input2_scale.
+     */
+    MUL = @1.2::OperationType:MUL,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes rectified linear activation on the input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output = max(0, input)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    RELU = @1.2::OperationType:RELU,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes rectified linear 1 activation on the input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output = min(1.f, max(-1.f, input))
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of the same shape as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    RELU1 = @1.2::OperationType:RELU1,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes rectified linear 6 activation on the input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output = min(6, max(0, input))
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    RELU6 = @1.2::OperationType:RELU6,
+
+    /**
+     * Reshapes a tensor.
+     *
+     * Given tensor, this operation returns a tensor that has the same values as
+     * tensor, but with a newly specified shape.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the tensor to be reshaped.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, defining the
+     *      shape of the output tensor. The number of elements implied by shape
+     *      must be the same as the number of elements in the input tensor.
+     *
+     *      If one component of shape is the special value -1, the size of that
+     *      dimension is computed so that the total size remains constant. In
+     *      particular, a shape of [-1] flattens into 1-D. At most one component
+     *      of shape can be -1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor, of shape specified by the input shape.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    RESHAPE = @1.2::OperationType:RESHAPE,
+
+    /**
+     * Resizes images to given size using the bilinear interpretation.
+     *
+     * Resized images must be distorted if their output aspect ratio is not the
+     * same as input aspect ratio. The corner pixels of output may not be the
+     * same as corner pixels of input.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Both resizing by shape and resizing by scale are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (resizing by shape):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      width of the output tensor.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      height of the output tensor.
+     * * 3: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs (resizing by scale, since HAL version 1.2):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input. Zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying width_scale, the scaling factor of the width
+     *      dimension from the input tensor to the output tensor. The output
+     *      width is calculated as new_width = floor(width * width_scale).
+     *      The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if input0 is
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} otherwise.
+     * * 2: A scalar, specifying height_scale, the scaling factor of the height
+     *      dimension from the input tensor to the output tensor. The output
+     *      height is calculated as new_height = floor(height * height_scale).
+     *      The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if input0 is
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} otherwise.
+     * * 3: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, new_height, new_width, depth].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    RESIZE_BILINEAR = @1.2::OperationType:RESIZE_BILINEAR,
+
+    /**
+     * A basic recurrent neural network layer.
+     *
+     * This layer implements the operation:
+     * outputs = state = activation(inputs * input_weights +
+     *                              state * recurrent_weights + bias)
+     *
+     * Where:
+     * * “input_weights” is a weight matrix that multiplies the inputs;
+     * * “recurrent_weights” is a weight matrix that multiplies the current
+     *    “state” which itself is the output from the previous time step
+     *    computation;
+     * * “bias” is a bias vector (added to each output vector in the batch);
+     * * “activation” is the function passed as the “fused_activation_function”
+     *   argument (if not “NONE”).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * The input tensors must all be the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: input.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, input_size], where “batch_size”
+     *      corresponds to the batching dimension, and “input_size” is the size
+     *      of the input.
+     * * 1: weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size], where “num_units”
+     *      corresponds to the number of units.
+     * * 2: recurrent_weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, num_units], with columns
+     *      corresponding to the weights from each unit.
+     * * 3: bias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 4: hidden state (in).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units].
+     * * 5: fused_activation_function.
+     *      An optional {@link FusedActivationFunc} value indicating the
+     *      activation function. If “NONE” is specified then it results in a
+     *      linear activation.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: hidden state (out).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units].
+     *
+     * * 1: output.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units]. This is effectively
+     *      the same as the current state value.
+     */
+    RNN = @1.2::OperationType:RNN,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the softmax activation on the input tensor element-wise, per
+     * batch, by normalizing the input vector so the maximum coefficient is
+     * zero.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output[batch, i] =
+     *         exp((input[batch, i] - max(input[batch, :])) * beta) /
+     *         sum_{k}{exp((input[batch, k] - max(input[batch, :])) * beta)}
+     *
+     * For input tensor with rank other than 2, the activation will be applied
+     * independently on each 1-D slice along specified dimension.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     * Tensors with rank other than 2 or 4 are only supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D or 4-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be reshaped.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying the positive scaling factor for the exponent,
+     *      beta. If input0 is of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}, the scalar
+     *      must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     *      If input0 is of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, then the
+     *      scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     * * 2: An optional {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, default to -1,
+     *      specifying the dimension the activation would be performed on.
+     *      Negative index is used to specify axis from the end (e.g. -1 for
+     *      the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 256 and the zeroPoint must be 0.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 256 and the zeroPoint must be -128.
+     */
+    SOFTMAX = @1.2::OperationType:SOFTMAX,
+
+    /**
+     * Rearranges blocks of spatial data, into depth.
+     *
+     * More specifically, this op outputs a copy of the input tensor where
+     * values from the height and width dimensions are moved to the depth
+     * dimension. The value block_size indicates the input block size and how
+     * the data is moved.
+     *
+     * Chunks of data of size block_size * block_size from depth are rearranged
+     * into non-overlapping blocks of size block_size x block_size.
+     *
+     * The depth of the output tensor is input_depth * block_size * block_size.
+     * The input tensor's height and width must be divisible by block_size.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the block_size.
+     *      block_size must be >=1 and block_size must be a divisor of both the
+     *      input height and width.
+     * * 2: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height/block_size,
+     *      width/block_size, depth_in*block_size*block_size].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    SPACE_TO_DEPTH = @1.2::OperationType:SPACE_TO_DEPTH,
+
+    /**
+     * SVDF op is a kind of stateful layer derived from the notion that a
+     * densely connected layer that's processing a sequence of input frames can
+     * be approximated by using a singular value decomposition of each of its
+     * nodes. The implementation is based on:
+     *
+     * https://research.google.com/pubs/archive/43813.pdf
+     *
+     * P. Nakkiran, R. Alvarez, R. Prabhavalkar, C. Parada.
+     * “Compressing Deep Neural Networks using a Rank-Constrained Topology”.
+     * INTERSPEECH, 2015.
+     *
+     * It processes the incoming input using a 2-stage filtering mechanism:
+     * * stage 1 performs filtering on the "features" dimension, whose outputs
+     *   get pushed into a memory of fixed-size memory_size.
+     * * stage 2 performs filtering on the "time" dimension of the memory_size
+     *   memoized outputs of stage 1.
+     *
+     * Specifically, for rank 1, this layer implements the operation:
+     *
+     *     memory = push(conv1d(inputs, weights_feature, feature_dim,
+     *                          "PADDING_VALID"));
+     *     outputs = activation(memory * weights_time + bias);
+     *
+     * Where:
+     * * “weights_feature” is a weights matrix that processes the inputs (by
+     *   convolving the input with every “feature filter”), and whose outputs
+     *   get pushed, stacked in order, into the fixed-size “memory” (the oldest
+     *   entry gets dropped);
+     * * “weights_time” is a weights matrix that processes the “memory” (by a
+     *   batched matrix multiplication on the num_units);
+     * * “bias” is an optional bias vector (added to each output vector in the
+     *   batch); and
+     * * “activation” is the function passed as the “fused_activation_function”
+     *   argument (if not “NONE”).
+     *
+     * Each rank adds a dimension to the weights matrices by means of stacking
+     * the filters.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * All input tensors must be the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: input.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, input_size], where “batch_size”
+     *      corresponds to the batching dimension, and “input_size” is the size
+     *      of the input.
+     * * 1: weights_feature.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size], where “num_units”
+     *      corresponds to the number of units.
+     * * 2: weights_time.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, memory_size], where “memory_size”
+     *      corresponds to the fixed-size of the memory.
+     * * 3: bias.
+     *      An optional 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 4: state (in).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, (memory_size - 1) * num_units * rank].
+     * * 5: rank.
+     *      The rank of the SVD approximation.
+     * * 6: fused_activation_function.
+     *      An optional {@link FusedActivationFunc} value indicating the
+     *      activation function. If “NONE” is specified then it results in a
+     *      linear activation.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: state (out).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as the inputs, with shape
+     *      [batch_size, (memory_size - 1) * num_units * rank].
+     * * 1: output.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as the inputs, with shape
+     *      [batch_size, num_units].
+     */
+    SVDF = @1.2::OperationType:SVDF,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes hyperbolic tangent of input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output = tanh(input)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 128 and the zeroPoint must be 128.
+     *      For {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the scale must be 1.f / 128 and the zeroPoint must be 0.
+     */
+    TANH = @1.2::OperationType:TANH,
+
+    /**
+     * BatchToSpace for N-dimensional tensors.
+     *
+     * This operation reshapes the batch dimension (dimension 0) into M + 1
+     * dimensions of shape block_shape + [batch], interleaves these blocks back
+     * into the grid defined by the spatial dimensions [1, ..., M], to obtain a
+     * result with the same rank as the input.
+     *
+     * This is the reverse of SpaceToBatch.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be reshaped
+     * * 1: A 1-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, the block
+     *      sizes for each spatial dimension of the input tensor. All values
+     *      must be >= 1.
+     * * 2: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since API level 29.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    BATCH_TO_SPACE_ND = @1.2::OperationType:BATCH_TO_SPACE_ND,
+
+    /**
+     * Element-wise division of two tensors.
+     *
+     * Takes two input tensors of identical {@link OperandType} and compatible
+     * dimensions. The output is the result of dividing the first input tensor
+     * by the second, optionally modified by an activation function.
+     *
+     * For inputs of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, performs
+     * "floor division" ("//" in Python). For example,
+     *     5 // 2 = 2
+     *    -5 // 2 = -3
+     *
+     * Two dimensions are compatible when:
+     *     1. they are equal, or
+     *     2. one of them is 1
+     *
+     * The size of the output is the maximum size along each dimension of the
+     * input operands. It starts with the trailing dimensions, and works its way
+     * forward.
+     *
+     * Example:
+     *     input1.dimension =    {4, 1, 2}
+     *     input2.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 1}
+     *     output.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 2}
+     *
+     * Since HAL version 1.2, generic zero-sized input tensor is supported. Zero
+     * dimension is only compatible with 0 or 1. The size of the output
+     * dimension is zero if either of corresponding input dimension is zero.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the first input.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType}, and compatible dimensions
+     *      as input0.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor,
+     *      the {@link FusedActivationFunc} must be "NONE".
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     */
+    DIV = @1.2::OperationType:DIV,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the mean of elements across dimensions of a tensor.
+     *
+     * Reduces the input tensor along the given dimensions to reduce. Unless
+     * keep_dims is true, the rank of the tensor is reduced by 1 for each entry
+     * in axis. If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are retained with
+     * length 1.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A 1-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Must be in the range
+     *      [-rank(input_tensor), rank(input_tensor)).
+     *
+     *      NOTE: When the operation was introduced, the documentation
+     *      incorrectly stated that if dimensions were empty, the operation
+     *      would reduce across all dimensions. This behavior was never
+     *      implemented.
+     *
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, keep_dims. If positive,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    MEAN = @1.2::OperationType:MEAN,
+
+    /**
+     * Pads a tensor.
+     *
+     * This operation pads a tensor according to the specified paddings.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *   (full support since HAL version 1.2, see the output section)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be padded.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, the paddings
+     *      for each spatial dimension of the input tensor. The shape of the
+     *      tensor must be {rank(input0), 2}.
+     *      padding[i, 0] specifies the number of elements to be padded in the
+     *      front of dimension i.
+     *      padding[i, 1] specifies the number of elements to be padded after the
+     *      end of dimension i.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0. The
+     *      output tensor has the same rank as input0, and each
+     *      dimension of the output tensor has the same size as the
+     *      corresponding dimension of the input tensor plus the size
+     *      of the padding:
+     *          output0.dimension[i] =
+     *              padding[i, 0] + input0.dimension[i] + padding[i, 1]
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     *
+     *      NOTE: Before HAL version 1.2, the pad value for
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} is undefined.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, the pad value is always the logical zero.
+     */
+    PAD = @1.2::OperationType:PAD,
+
+    /**
+     * SpaceToBatch for N-Dimensional tensors.
+     *
+     * This operation divides "spatial" dimensions [1, ..., M] of the input into
+     * a grid of blocks of shape block_shape, and interleaves these blocks with
+     * the "batch" dimension (0) such that in the output, the spatial dimensions
+     * [1, ..., M] correspond to the position within the grid, and the batch
+     * dimension combines both the position within a spatial block and the
+     * original batch position. Prior to division into blocks, the spatial
+     * dimensions of the input are optionally zero padded according to paddings.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *   (full support since HAL version 1.2, see the output section)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     * NCHW is supported since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A 1-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, the block
+     *      sizes for each spatial dimension of the input tensor. All values
+     *      must be >= 1.
+     * * 2: A 2-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, the paddings
+     *      for each spatial dimension of the input tensor. All values must be
+     *      >= 0. The shape of the tensor must be {M, 2}, where M is the number
+     *      of spatial dimensions.
+     *      padding[i, 0] specifies the number of element to be padded in the
+     *      front of dimension i.
+     *      padding[i, 1] specifies the number of element to be padded after the
+     *      end of dimension i.
+     * * 3: An optional {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *      Available since HAL version 1.2.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     *
+     *      NOTE: Before HAL version 1.2, the pad value for
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} is undefined.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, the pad value is always the logical zero.
+     */
+    SPACE_TO_BATCH_ND = @1.2::OperationType:SPACE_TO_BATCH_ND,
+
+    /**
+     * Removes dimensions of size 1 from the shape of a tensor.
+     *
+     * Given a tensor input, this operation returns a tensor of the same
+     * {@link OperandType} with all dimensions of size 1 removed. If you don't
+     * want to remove all size 1 dimensions, you can remove specific size 1
+     * dimensions by specifying the axes (input1).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, the tensor to be squeezed.
+     * * 1: An optional 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The
+     *      dimensions to squeeze. If specified only squeezes the dimensions
+     *      listed. Otherwise, squeezes all dimensions. The dimension index
+     *      starts at 0. An error must be reported if squeezing a dimension that
+     *      is not 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0. Contains the
+     *      same data as input, but has one or more dimensions of size 1
+     *      removed.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    SQUEEZE = @1.2::OperationType:SQUEEZE,
+
+    /**
+     * Extracts a strided slice of a tensor.
+     *
+     * Roughly speaking, this op extracts a slice of size (end - begin) / stride
+     * from the given input tensor. Starting at the location specified by begin
+     * the slice continues by adding stride to the index until all dimensions
+     * are not less than end. Note that a stride can be negative, which causes a
+     * reverse slice.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be sliced.
+     * * 1: begin, a 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The
+     *      starts of the dimensions of the input tensor to be sliced. The
+     *      length must be of rank(input0).
+     * * 2: end, a 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The
+     *      ends of the dimensions of the input tensor to be sliced. The length
+     *      must be of rank(input0).
+     * * 3: strides, a 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The
+     *      strides of the dimensions of the input tensor to be sliced. The
+     *      length must be of rank(input0). The entries must be non-zero.
+     * * 4: begin_mask, an {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar. If the ith bit
+     *      of begin_mask is set, begin[i] is ignored and the fullest possible
+     *      range in that dimension is used instead.
+     * * 5: end_mask, an {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar. If the ith bit of
+     *      end_mask is set, end[i] is ignored and the fullest possible range in
+     *      that dimension is used instead.
+     * * 6: shrink_axis_mask, an {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar. If the
+     *      ith bit of shrink_axis_mask is set, the ith dimension specification
+     *      shrinks the dimensionality by 1, taking on the value at index
+     *      begin[i]. In this case, the ith specification must define a
+     *      slice of size 1, e.g. begin[i] = x, end[i] = x + 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0 and rank (n - k),
+     *      where k is the number of bits set in shrink_axis_mask.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    STRIDED_SLICE = @1.2::OperationType:STRIDED_SLICE,
+
+    /**
+     * Element-wise subtraction of two tensors.
+     *
+     * Takes two input tensors of identical {@link OperandType} and compatible
+     * dimensions. The output is the result of subtracting the second input
+     * tensor from the first one, optionally modified by an activation function.
+     *
+     * Two dimensions are compatible when:
+     *     1. they are equal, or
+     *     2. one of them is 1
+     *
+     * The size of the output is the maximum size along each dimension of the
+     * input operands. It starts with the trailing dimensions, and works its way
+     * forward.
+     *
+     * Example:
+     *     input1.dimension =    {4, 1, 2}
+     *     input2.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 1}
+     *     output.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 2}
+     *
+     * Since HAL version 1.2, generic zero-sized input tensor is supported. Zero
+     * dimension is only compatible with 0 or 1. The size of the output
+     * dimension is zero if either of corresponding input dimension is zero.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the first input.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType}, and compatible dimensions
+     *      as input0.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor,
+     *      the {@link FusedActivationFunc} must be "NONE".
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    SUB = @1.2::OperationType:SUB,
+
+    /**
+     * Transposes the input tensor, permuting the dimensions according to the
+     * perm tensor.
+     *
+     * The returned tensor's dimension i corresponds to the input dimension
+     * perm[i]. If perm is not given, it is set to (n-1...0), where n is the
+     * rank of the input tensor. Hence by default, this operation performs a
+     * regular matrix transpose on 2-D input Tensors.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} (since HAL version 1.2)
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be transposed.
+     *      Since HAL version 1.2, this tensor may be zero-sized.
+     * * 1: An optional 1-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      the permutation of the dimensions of the input tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    TRANSPOSE = @1.2::OperationType:TRANSPOSE,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the absolute value of a tensor, element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    ABS = @1.2::OperationType:ABS,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the index of the largest element along an axis.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor specifying the input. Must be non-empty.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the axis to
+     *      reduce across. Negative index is used to specify axis from the
+     *      end (e.g. -1 for the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An (n - 1)-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor.
+     */
+    // There is no underscore in ARG_MAX to avoid name conflict with
+    // the macro defined in libc/kernel/uapi/linux/limits.h.
+    ARGMAX = @1.2::OperationType:ARGMAX,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the index of the smallest element along an axis.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor specifying the input. Must be non-empty.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the axis to
+     *      reduce across. Negative index is used to specify axis from the
+     *      end (e.g. -1 for the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An (n - 1)-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor.
+     */
+    ARGMIN = @1.2::OperationType:ARGMIN,  // See ARGMAX for naming discussion.
+
+    /**
+     * Transform axis-aligned bounding box proposals using bounding box deltas.
+     *
+     * Given the positions of bounding box proposals and the corresponding
+     * bounding box deltas for each class, return the refined bounding box
+     * regions. The resulting bounding boxes are cliped against the edges of
+     * the image.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_rois, 4], specifying the locations of the
+     *      bounding box proposals, each line with format [x1, y1, x2, y2].
+     *      For tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM},
+     *      the zeroPoint must be 0 and the scale must be 0.125. Zero num_rois
+     *      is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_rois, num_classes * 4], specifying the
+     *      bounding box delta for each region of interest and each class. The
+     *      bounding box deltas are organized in the following order
+     *      [dx, dy, dw, dh], where dx and dy is the relative correction factor
+     *      for the center position of the bounding box with respect to the width
+     *      and height, dw and dh is the log-scale relative correction factor
+     *      for the width and height. For input0 of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, this tensor should be
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}. Zero num_rois is
+     *      supported for this tensor.
+     * * 2: An 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes with
+     *      the same batch index are grouped together. Zero num_rois is
+     *      supported for this tensor.
+     * * 3: A 2-D Tensor of shape [batches, 2], specifying the information of
+     *      each image in the batch, each line with format
+     *      [image_height, image_width].
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0, with shape
+     *      [num_rois, num_classes * 4], specifying the coordinates of each
+     *      output bounding box for each class, with format [x1, y1, x2, y2].
+     *      For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, the
+     *      scale must be 0.125 and the zero point must be 0.
+     */
+    AXIS_ALIGNED_BBOX_TRANSFORM = @1.2::OperationType:AXIS_ALIGNED_BBOX_TRANSFORM,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a forward LSTM on the input followed by a backward LSTM.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 3, either time-major or batch-major.
+     *
+     * All input and output tensors must be of the same type.
+     *
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: The input.
+     *      A 3-D tensor of shape:
+     *        If time-major: [max_time, batch_size, input_size]
+     *        If batch-major: [batch_size, max_time, input_size]
+     *      where "max_time" is the number of timesteps (sequence length),
+     *      "batch_size" corresponds to the batching dimension, and
+     *      "input_size" is the size of the input.
+     * * 1: The forward input-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, input_size], where “fw_num_units”
+     *      corresponds to the number of forward cell units.
+     * * 2: The forward input-to-forget weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 3: The forward input-to-cell weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 4: The forward input-to-output weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 5: The forward recurrent-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, fw_output_size], where “fw_output_size”
+     *      corresponds to either the number of cell units (i.e., fw_num_units),
+     *      or the second dimension of the “fw_projection_weights”, if defined.
+     * * 6: The forward recurrent-to-forget weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, fw_output_size].
+     * * 7: The forward recurrent-to-cell weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, fw_output_size].
+     * * 8: The forward recurrent-to-output weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, fw_output_size].
+     * * 9: The forward cell-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 10: The forward cell-to-forget weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 11: The forward cell-to-output weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 12: The forward input gate bias. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 13: The forward forget gate bias.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 14: The forward cell gate bias.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 15: The forward output gate bias.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units].
+     * * 16: The forward projection weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_output_size, fw_num_units].
+     * * 17: The forward projection bias. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_output_size].
+     * * 18: The backward input-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, input_size], where “bw_num_units”
+     *       corresponds to the number of backward cell units.
+     * * 19: The backward input-to-forget weights.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 20: The backward input-to-cell weights.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 21: The backward input-to-output weights.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 22: The backward recurrent-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, bw_output_size], where “bw_output_size”
+     *       corresponds to either the number of cell units (i.e., “bw_num_units”),
+     *       or the second dimension of the “bw_projection_weights”, if defined.
+     * * 23: The backward recurrent-to-forget weights.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, bw_output_size].
+     * * 24: The backward recurrent-to-cell weights.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, bw_output_size].
+     * * 25: The backward recurrent-to-output weights.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, bw_output_size].
+     * * 26: The backward cell-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 27: The backward cell-to-forget weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 28: The backward cell-to-output weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 29: The backward input gate bias. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 30: The backward forget gate bias.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 31: The backward cell gate bias.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 32: The backward output gate bias.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units].
+     * * 33: The backward projection weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_output_size, bw_num_units].
+     * * 34: The backward projection bias. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_output_size].
+     * * 35: The forward input activation state.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, bw_output_size].
+     * * 36: The forward input cell state.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, bw_num_units].
+     * * 37: The backward input activation state.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, bw_output_size].
+     * * 38: The backward input cell state.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, bw_num_units].
+     * * 39: The auxiliary input. Optional.
+     *       A 3-D tensor of shape [max_time, batch_size, input_size], where “batch_size”
+     *       corresponds to the batching dimension, and “input_size” is the size
+     *       of the input.
+     * * 40: The forward auxiliary input-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 41: The forward auxiliary input-to-forget weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 42: The forward auxiliary input-to-cell weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 43: The forward auxiliary input-to-output weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 44: The backward auxiliary input-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 45: The backward auxiliary input-to-forget weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 46: The backward auxiliary input-to-cell weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 47: The backward auxiliary input-to-output weights. Optional.
+     *       A 2-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units, input_size].
+     * * 48: The activation function.
+     *       A value indicating the activation function:
+     *       <ul>
+     *       <li>0: None;
+     *       <li>1: Relu;
+     *       <li>3: Relu6;
+     *       <li>4: Tanh;
+     *       <li>6: Sigmoid.
+     *       </ul>
+     * * 49: The clipping threshold for the cell state, such
+     *       that values are bound within [-cell_clip, cell_clip]. If set to 0.0
+     *       then clipping is disabled.
+     *       If all the input tensors have type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
+     *       this scalar must be of the type {@link OperandType::FLOAT32},
+     *       otherwise if all the input tensors have the type
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, this scalar must be
+     *       of type {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     * * 50: The clipping threshold for the output from the
+     *       projection layer, such that values are bound within
+     *       [-proj_clip, proj_clip]. If set to 0.0 then clipping is disabled.
+     *       If all the input tensors have type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
+     *       this scalar must be of the type {@link OperandType::FLOAT32},
+     *       otherwise if all the input tensors have the type
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, this scalar must be
+     *       of type {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     * * 51: merge_outputs
+     *       An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar specifying if the outputs
+     *       from forward and backward cells should be merged.
+     * * 52: time_major
+     *       An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar specifying the shape format
+     *       of input and output tensors.
+     * * 53: The forward input layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at input gate.
+     * * 54: The forward forget layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at forget gate.
+     * * 55: The forward cell layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at cell gate.
+     * * 56: The forward output layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [fw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at output gate.
+     * * 57: The backward input layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at input gate.
+     * * 58: The backward forget layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at forget gate.
+     * * 59: The backward cell layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at cell gate.
+     * * 60: The backward output layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *       A 1-D tensor of shape [bw_num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *       to activation at output gate.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The forward output.
+     *      A 3-D tensor of shape:
+     *        If time-major and not merge_outputs:
+     *          [max_time, batch_size, fw_output_size]
+     *        If time-major and merge_outputs:
+     *          [max_time, batch_size, fw_output_size + bw_output_size]
+     *        If batch-major and not merge_outputs:
+     *          [batch_size, max_time, fw_output_size]
+     *        If batch-major and merge_outputs:
+     *          [batch_size, max_time, fw_output_size + bw_output_size]
+     * * 1: The backward output.  Unused if merge_outputs is true.
+     *      A 3-D tensor of shape:
+     *        If time-major: [max_time, batch_size, bw_output_size]
+     *        If batch-major: [batch_size, max_time, bw_output_size]
+     */
+    BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM = @1.2::OperationType:BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM,
+
+    /**
+     * A recurrent neural network layer that applies a basic RNN cell to a
+     * sequence of inputs in forward and backward directions.
+     *
+     * This Op unrolls the input along the sequence dimension, and implements
+     * the following operation for each element in the sequence s =
+     * 1...sequence_length:
+     *   fw_outputs[s] = fw_state = activation(inputs[s] * fw_input_weights’ +
+     *          fw_state * fw_recurrent_weights’ + fw_bias)
+     *
+     * And for each element in sequence t = sequence_length : 1
+     *   bw_outputs[t] = bw_state = activation(inputs[t] * bw_input_weights’ +
+     *          bw_state * bw_recurrent_weights’ + bw_bias)
+     *
+     * Where:
+     * * “{fw,bw}_input_weights” is a weight matrix that multiplies the inputs;
+     * * “{fw,bw}_recurrent_weights” is a weight matrix that multiplies the
+     *    current “state” which itself is the output from the previous time step
+     *    computation;
+     * * “{fw,bw}_bias” is a bias vector (added to each output vector in the
+     *    batch);
+     * * “activation” is the function passed as the “fused_activation_function”
+     *   argument (if not “NONE”).
+     *
+     * The op also supports an auxiliary input. Regular cell feeds one input
+     * into the two RNN cells in the following way:
+     *
+     *       INPUT  (INPUT_REVERSED)
+     *         |         |
+     *    ---------------------
+     *    | FW_RNN     BW_RNN |
+     *    ---------------------
+     *         |         |
+     *      FW_OUT     BW_OUT
+     *
+     * An op with an auxiliary input takes two inputs and feeds them into the
+     * RNN cells in the following way:
+     *
+     *       AUX_INPUT   (AUX_INPUT_REVERSED)
+     *           |             |
+     *     INPUT | (INPUT_R'D.)|
+     *       |   |       |     |
+     *    -----------------------
+     *    |  \  /        \    / |
+     *    | FW_RNN       BW_RNN |
+     *    -----------------------
+     *         |           |
+     *      FW_OUT      BW_OUT
+     *
+     * While stacking this op on top of itself, this allows to connect both
+     * forward and backward outputs from previous cell to the next cell's
+     * inputs.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * The input tensors must all be the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: input.
+     *      A 3-D tensor. The shape is defined by the input 6 (timeMajor). If
+     *      it is set to true, then the input has a shape [maxTime, batchSize,
+     *      inputSize], otherwise the input has a shape [batchSize, maxTime,
+     *      inputSize].
+     * * 1: fwWeights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fwNumUnits, inputSize].
+     * * 2: fwRecurrentWeights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fwNumUnits, fwNumUnits].
+     * * 3: fwBias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [fwNumUnits].
+     * * 4: fwHiddenState.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batchSize, fwNumUnits]. Specifies a hidden
+     *      state input for the first time step of the computation.
+     * * 5: bwWeights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [bwNumUnits, inputSize].
+     * * 6: bwRecurrentWeights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [bwNumUnits, bwNumUnits].
+     * * 7: bwBias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [bwNumUnits].
+     * * 8: bwHiddenState
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batchSize, bwNumUnits]. Specifies a hidden
+     *      state input for the first time step of the computation.
+     * * 9: auxInput.
+     *      A 3-D tensor. The shape is the same as of the input 0.
+     * * 10:fwAuxWeights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [fwNumUnits, inputSize].
+     * * 11:bwAuxWeights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [bwNumUnits, inputSize].
+     * * 12:fusedActivationFunction.
+     *      A {@link FusedActivationFunc} value indicating the activation function. If
+     *      “NONE” is specified then it results in a linear activation.
+     * * 13:timeMajor
+     *      An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar specifying the shape format
+     *      of input and output tensors.
+     * * 14:mergeOutputs
+     *      An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar specifying if the outputs
+     *      from forward and backward cells are separate (if set to false) or
+     *      concatenated (if set to true).
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: fwOutput.
+     *      A 3-D tensor. The first two dimensions of the shape are defined by
+     *      the input 6 (timeMajor) and the third dimension is defined by the
+     *      input 14 (mergeOutputs). If timeMajor is set to true, then the first
+     *      two dimensions are [maxTime, batchSize], otherwise they are set to
+     *      [batchSize, maxTime]. If mergeOutputs is set to true, then the third
+     *      dimension is equal to (fwNumUnits + bwNumUnits), otherwise it is set
+     *      to fwNumUnits.
+     * * 1: bwOutput.
+     *      A 3-D tensor. If the input 14 (mergeOutputs) is set to true, then
+     *      this tensor is not produced. The shape is defined by the input 6
+     *      (timeMajor). If it is set to true, then the shape is set to
+     *      [maxTime, batchSize, bwNumUnits], otherwise the shape is set to
+     *      [batchSize, maxTime, bwNumUnits].
+     */
+    BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN = @1.2::OperationType:BIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN,
+
+    /**
+     * Greedily selects a subset of bounding boxes in descending order of score.
+     *
+     * This op applies NMS algorithm to each class. In each loop of execution,
+     * the box with maximum score gets selected and removed from the pending set.
+     * The scores of the rest of boxes are lowered according to the
+     * intersection-over-union (IOU) overlapping with the previously selected
+     * boxes and a specified NMS kernel method. Any boxes with score less
+     * than a threshold are removed from the pending set.
+     *
+     * Three NMS kernels are supported:
+     * * Hard:     score_new = score_old * (1 if IoU < threshold else 0)
+     * * Linear:   score_new = score_old * (1 if IoU < threshold else 1 - IoU)
+     * * Gaussian: score_new = score_old * exp(- IoU^2 / sigma)
+     *
+     * Axis-aligned bounding boxes are represented by its upper-left corner
+     * coordinate (x1,y1) and lower-right corner coordinate (x2,y2). A valid
+     * bounding box should satisfy x1 <= x2 and y1 <= y2.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_rois, num_classes], specifying the score
+     *      of each bounding box proposal. The boxes are grouped by batches in the
+     *      first dimension. Zero num_rois is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor specifying the bounding boxes of shape
+     *      [num_rois, num_classes * 4], organized in the order [x1, y1, x2, y2].
+     *      The boxes are grouped by batches in the first dimension. The sequential
+     *      order of the boxes corresponds with input0. For input0 of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, this tensor should be of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, with zeroPoint of 0 and
+     *      scale of 0.125.
+     *      For input0 of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      this tensor should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM},
+     *      with zeroPoint of -128 and scale of 0.125.
+     *      Zero num_rois is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 2: A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes with
+     *      the same batch index are grouped together.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, score_threshold. Boxes
+     *      with scores lower than the threshold are filtered before sending
+     *      to the NMS algorithm.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the maximum
+     *      number of selected bounding boxes for each image. Set to a negative
+     *      value for unlimited number of output bounding boxes.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the NMS
+     *      kernel method, options are 0:hard, 1:linear, 2:gaussian.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the IoU
+     *      threshold in hard and linear NMS kernel. This field is ignored if
+     *      gaussian kernel is selected.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the sigma in
+     *      gaussian NMS kernel. This field is ignored if gaussian kernel is
+     *      not selected.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, nms_score_threshold.
+     *      Boxes with scores lower than the threshold are dropped during the
+     *      score updating phase in soft NMS.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A 1-D Tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0, with shape
+     *      [num_output_rois], specifying the score of each output box. The boxes
+     *      are grouped by batches, but the sequential order in each batch is not
+     *      guaranteed. For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      guaranteed. For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      or {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the scale and zero point must be the same as input0.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input1, with shape
+     *      [num_output_rois, 4], specifying the coordinates of each
+     *      output bounding box with the same format as input1. The sequential
+     *      order of the boxes corresponds with output0. For type of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, the scale must be
+     *      0.125 and the zero point must be 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_output_rois], specifying the class of each output box. The
+     *      sequential order of the boxes corresponds with output0.
+     * * 3: A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_output_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes
+     *      with the same batch index are grouped together.
+     */
+    BOX_WITH_NMS_LIMIT = @1.2::OperationType:BOX_WITH_NMS_LIMIT,
+
+    /**
+     * Casts a tensor to a type.
+     *
+     * This operation ignores the scale and zeroPoint of quanized tensors,
+     * e.g. it treats a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} input
+     * as a tensor of uint8 values.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * Since HAL version 1.3, casting tensors of the following
+     * {@link OperandType} to the same {@link OperandType} is supported:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor with the same shape as input0.
+     */
+    CAST = @1.2::OperationType:CAST,
+
+    /**
+     * Shuffle the channels of the input tensor.
+     *
+     * Given an input tensor and a integer value of num_groups, CHANNEL_SHUFFLE
+     * divide the channel dimension into num_groups groups, and reorganize the
+     * channels by grouping channels with the same index in each group.
+     *
+     * Along the channel dimension, the output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output_channel[k * num_groups + g] = input_channel[g * group_size + k]
+     *
+     * where group_size = num_channels / num_groups
+     *
+     * The number of channels must be divisible by num_groups.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be shuffled.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
+     *      groups.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the dimension
+     *      channel shuffle would be performed on. Negative index is used to
+     *      specify axis from the end (e.g. -1 for the last axis). Must be in
+     *      the range [-n, n).
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and same shape as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    CHANNEL_SHUFFLE = @1.2::OperationType:CHANNEL_SHUFFLE,
+
+    /**
+     * Apply postprocessing steps to bounding box detections.
+     *
+     * Bounding box detections are generated by applying transformation on a set
+     * of predefined anchors with the bounding box deltas from bounding box
+     * regression. A final step of hard NMS is applied to limit the number of
+     * returned boxes.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 3-D Tensor of shape [batches, num_anchors, num_classes], specifying
+     *      the score of each anchor with each class. Class 0 for each
+     *      [batches, num_anchors, 0] is background and will be ignored.
+     * * 1: A 3-D Tensor of shape [batches, num_anchors, length_box_encoding], with
+     *      the first four values in length_box_encoding specifying the bounding
+     *      box deltas. The box deltas are encoded in the order of [dy, dx, dh, dw],
+     *      where dy and dx is the linear-scale relative correction factor for the
+     *      center position of the bounding box with respect to the width and height,
+     *      dh and dw is the log-scale relative correction factor for the width and
+     *      height. All the entries in length_box_encoding beyond the first four
+     *      values are ignored in this operation.
+     * * 2: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_anchors, 4], specifying the shape of each
+     *      predefined anchor, with format [ctr_y, ctr_x, h, w], where ctr_y and
+     *      ctr_x are the center position of the box, and h and w are the height
+     *      and the width.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the scaling
+     *      factor for dy in bounding box deltas.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the scaling
+     *      factor for dx in bounding box deltas.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the scaling
+     *      factor for dh in bounding box deltas.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the scaling
+     *      factor for dw in bounding box deltas.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to use regular
+     *      multi-class NMS algorithm that do NMS separately for each class,
+     *      set to false for a faster algorithm that only do one single NMS
+     *      using the highest class score..
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, max_num_detections, specifying
+     *      the maximum number of boxes for the output. Boxes with the lowest
+     *      scores are discarded to meet the limit.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, only used when input7 is
+     *      set to false, specifying the maximum number of classes per detection.
+     * * 10: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, only used when input7 is
+     *       set to true, specifying the maximum number of detections when
+     *       applying NMS algorithm for each single class.
+     * * 11: A scalar, score_threshold. Boxes with scores lower than the
+     *       threshold are filtered before sending to the NMS algorithm. The
+     *       scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if input0 is of
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *       {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} if input0 is of
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     * * 12: A scalar, specifying the IoU threshold for hard NMS. The scalar
+     *       must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if input0 is of
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *       {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} if input0 is of
+     *       {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     * * 13: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to include
+     *       background class in the list of label map for the output, set
+     *       to false to not include the background. When the background
+     *       class is included, it has label 0 and the output classes start
+     *       at 1 in the label map, otherwise, the output classes start at 0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0, with shape
+     *      [batches, max_num_detections], specifying the score of each output
+     *      detections.
+     * * 1: A 3-D tensor of shape [batches, max_num_detections, 4], specifying the
+     *      coordinates of each output bounding box, with format
+     *      [y1, x1, y2, x2].
+     * * 2: A 2-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, max_num_detections], specifying the class label for each
+     *      output detection.
+     * * 3: An 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape [batches],
+     *      specifying the number of valid output detections for each batch.
+     */
+    DETECTION_POSTPROCESSING = @1.2::OperationType:DETECTION_POSTPROCESSING,
+
+    /**
+     * For input tensors x and y, computes x == y elementwise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions compatible
+     *      with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    EQUAL = @1.2::OperationType:EQUAL,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes exponential of x element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    EXP = @1.2::OperationType:EXP,
+
+    /**
+     * Inserts a dimension of 1 into a tensor's shape.
+     *
+     * Given a tensor input, this operation inserts a dimension of 1 at the
+     * given dimension index of input's shape. The dimension index starts at
+     * zero; if you specify a negative dimension index, it is counted backward
+     * from the end.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the dimension
+     *      index to expand. Must be in the range [-(n + 1), (n + 1)).
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An (n + 1)-D tensor with the same {@link OperandType} and data as
+     *      input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    EXPAND_DIMS = @1.2::OperationType:EXPAND_DIMS,
+
+    /**
+     * Gathers values along an axis.
+     *
+     * Produces an output tensor with shape
+     *     input0.dimension[:axis] + indices.dimension + input0.dimension[axis + 1:]
+     * where:
+     *     # Vector indices (output is rank(input0)).
+     *     output[a_0, ..., a_n, i, b_0, ..., b_n] =
+     *       input0[a_0, ..., a_n, indices[i], b_0, ..., b_n]
+     *
+     *     # Higher rank indices (output is rank(input0) + rank(indices) - 1).
+     *     output[a_0, ..., a_n, i, ..., j, b_0, ... b_n] =
+     *       input0[a_0, ..., a_n, indices[i, ..., j], b_0, ..., b_n]
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor from which to gather values.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the axis.
+     *      Negative index is used to specify axis from the end
+     *      (e.g. -1 for the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: A k-D tensor {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} of indices.
+     *      The values must be in the bounds of the corresponding dimensions
+     *      of input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An (n + k - 1)-D tensor with the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    GATHER = @1.2::OperationType:GATHER,
+
+    /**
+     * Generate aixs-aligned bounding box proposals.
+     *
+     * Bounding box proposals are generated by applying transformation on a set
+     * of predefined anchors with the bounding box deltas from bounding box
+     * regression. A final step of hard NMS is applied to limit the number of
+     * returned boxes.
+     *
+     * Axis-aligned bounding boxes are represented by its upper-left corner
+     * coordinate (x1,y1) and lower-right corner coordinate (x2,y2). A valid
+     * bounding box should satisfy x1 <= x2 and y1 <= y2.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D Tensor specifying the score of each anchor at each
+     *      location. With "NHWC" data layout, the tensor shape is
+     *      [batches, height, width, num_anchors]. With "NCHW" data layout,
+     *      the tensor shape is [batches, num_anchors, height, width].
+     * * 1: A 4-D Tensor specifying the bounding box deltas. With "NHWC" data
+     *      layout, the tensor shape is [batches, height, width, num_anchors * 4].
+     *      With "NCHW" data layout, the tensor shape is
+     *      [batches, num_anchors * 4, height, width]. The box deltas are encoded
+     *      in the order of [dx, dy, dw, dh], where dx and dy is the linear-scale
+     *      relative correction factor for the center position of the bounding box
+     *      with respect to the width and height, dw and dh is the log-scale
+     *      relative correction factor for the width and height. The last
+     *      dimensions is the channel dimension.
+     * * 2: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_anchors, 4], specifying the shape of each
+     *      predefined anchor, with format [x1, y1, x2, y2]. For input0 of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}, this tensor should be of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}, with scale of 0.125.
+     * * 3: A 2-D Tensor of shape [batches, 2], specifying the size of
+     *      each image in the batch, with format [image_height, image_width].
+     *      For input0 of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}, this
+     *      tensor should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}, with
+     *      scale of 0.125.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the ratio
+     *      from the height of original image to the height of feature map.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the ratio
+     *      from the width of original image to the width of feature map.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the maximum
+     *      number of boxes before going into the hard NMS algorithm. Boxes
+     *      with the lowest scores are discarded to meet the limit. Set to
+     *      a non-positive value for unlimited number.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the maximum
+     *      number of boxes returning from the hard NMS algorithm. Boxes
+     *      with the lowest scores are discarded to meet the limit. Set to
+     *      a non-positive value for unlimited number.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the IoU
+     *      threshold for hard NMS.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, min_size. Boxes with
+     *      height or width lower than the absolute threshold are filtered out.
+     * * 10: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *       NCHW data layout for input0 and input1. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0, of shape
+     *      [num_output_rois], specifying the score of each output box.
+     *      The boxes are grouped by batches, but the sequential order in
+     *      each batch is not guaranteed. For type of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}, the scale and zero
+     *      point must be the same as input0.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input3, of shape
+     *      [num_output_rois, 4], specifying the coordinates of each output
+     *      bounding box for each class, with format [x1, y1, x2, y2].
+     *      The sequential order of the boxes corresponds with output0.
+     *      For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, the
+     *      scale must be 0.125 and the zero point must be 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_output_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes
+     *      with the same batch index are grouped together.
+     */
+    GENERATE_PROPOSALS = @1.2::OperationType:GENERATE_PROPOSALS,
+
+    /**
+     * For input tensors x and y, computes x > y elementwise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions compatible
+     *      with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    GREATER = @1.2::OperationType:GREATER,
+    /**
+     * For input tensors x and y, computes x >= y elementwise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions compatible
+     *      with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    GREATER_EQUAL = @1.2::OperationType:GREATER_EQUAL,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs a grouped 2-D convolution operation.
+     *
+     * Given an input tensor of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in] and a
+     * filter tensor of shape [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_group]
+     * containing depth_out convolutional filters of depth depth_group, GROUPED_CONV
+     * applies a group of different filters to each input channel group, then
+     * concatenates the results together.
+     *
+     * Specifically, the input channels are divided into num_groups groups, each with
+     * depth depth_group, i.e. depth_in = num_groups * depth_group. The convolutional
+     * filters are also divided into num_groups groups, i.e. depth_out is divisible
+     * by num_groups. GROUPED_CONV applies each group of filters to the corresponding
+     * input channel group, and the result are concatenated together.
+     *
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, i, j, g * channel_multiplier + q] =
+     *         sum_{di, dj, dk} (
+     *             input[b, strides[1] * i + di, strides[2] * j + dj,
+     *                   g * depth_group + dk] *
+     *             filter[g * channel_multiplier + q, di, dj, dk]
+     *         ) + bias[channel]
+     *
+     * where channel_multiplier = depth_out / num_groups
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType} configurations:
+     * * 16 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * 32 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * Quantized:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * * Quantized signed (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * * Quantized with symmetric per channel quantization for the filter:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * * Quantized signed with filter symmetric per channel quantization (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input, where depth_in = num_groups * depth_group.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_group], specifying
+     *      the filter, where depth_out must be divisible by num_groups.  For
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}
+     *      the channel dimension (channelDim at
+     *      {@link SymmPerChannelQuantParams}) must be set to 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale. For filter tensor
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}, the bias
+     *      should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of
+     *      0 and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
+            groups.
+     * * 10: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *       {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *       invoke on the result.
+     * * 11: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *       NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input, where depth_in = num_groups * depth_group.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_group], specifying
+     *      the filter, where depth_out must be divisible by num_groups.  For
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}
+     *      the channel dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim)
+     *      must be set to 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale. For filter tensor
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}, the bias
+     *      should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of
+     *      0 and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
+     *      groups.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *      NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth_out].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    GROUPED_CONV_2D = @1.2::OperationType:GROUPED_CONV_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * Localize the maximum keypoints from heatmaps.
+     *
+     * This operation approximates the accurate maximum keypoint scores and
+     * indices after bicubic upscaling by using Taylor expansion up to the
+     * quadratic term.
+     *
+     * The bounding box is represented by its upper-left corner coordinate
+     * (x1,y1) and lower-right corner coordinate (x2,y2) in the original image.
+     * A valid bounding box should satisfy x1 <= x2 and y1 <= y2.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D Tensor of shape
+     *      [num_boxes, heatmap_size, heatmap_size, num_keypoints],
+     *      specifying the heatmaps, the height and width of heatmaps should
+     *      be the same, and must be greater than or equal to 2.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_boxes, 4], specifying the bounding boxes,
+     *      each with format [x1, y1, x2, y2]. For input0 of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}, this tensor should
+     *      be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, with zeroPoint
+     *      of 0 and scale of 0.125.
+     *      For input0 of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}, this tensor
+     *      should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, with
+     *      zeroPoint of -128 and scale of 0.125.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *      NCHW data layout for input0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0, with shape
+     *      [num_boxes, num_keypoints], specifying score of the keypoints.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input1, with shape
+     *      [num_boxes, num_keypoints, 2], specifying the location of
+     *      the keypoints, the second dimension is organized as
+     *      [keypoint_x, keypoint_y].
+     *      For type of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}, the
+     *      scale must be 0.125 and the zero point must be 0.
+     */
+    HEATMAP_MAX_KEYPOINT = @1.2::OperationType:HEATMAP_MAX_KEYPOINT,
+
+    /**
+     * Applies instance normalization to the input tensor.
+     *
+     * The values in the output tensor are computed as:
+     *
+     *     output[b, h, w, c] =
+     *         (input[b, h, w, c] - mean[b, c]) * gamma /
+     *         sqrt(var[b, c] + epsilon) + beta
+     *
+     * Where the mean and variance are computed across the spatial dimensions:
+     *
+     *     mean[b, c] =
+     *         sum_{h, w}(input[b, h, w, c]) / sum(1)
+     *
+     *     var[b, c] =
+     *         sum_{h, w}(pow(input[b, h, w, c] - mean[b, c], 2)) / sum(1)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be normalized.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying gamma, the scale applied to the normalized
+     *      tensor. The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if
+     *      input0 is of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} if input0 is of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     * * 2: A scalar, specifying beta, the offset applied to the normalized
+     *      tensor. The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if
+     *      input0 is of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} if input0 is of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     * * 3: A scalar, specifying epsilon, the small value added to variance to
+     *      avoid dividing by zero. The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if
+     *      input0 is of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} if input0 is of
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *      NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and same shape as input0.
+     */
+    INSTANCE_NORMALIZATION = @1.2::OperationType:INSTANCE_NORMALIZATION,
+
+    /**
+     * For input tensors x and y, computes x < y elementwise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions compatible
+     *      with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    LESS = @1.2::OperationType:LESS,
+
+    /**
+     * For input tensors x and y, computes x <= y elementwise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions compatible
+     *      with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    LESS_EQUAL = @1.2::OperationType:LESS_EQUAL,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes natural logarithm of x element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    LOG = @1.2::OperationType:LOG,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the truth value of x AND y element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     * * 1: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8} and dimensions
+     *      compatible with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    LOGICAL_AND = @1.2::OperationType:LOGICAL_AND,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the truth value of NOT x element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    LOGICAL_NOT = @1.2::OperationType:LOGICAL_NOT,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the truth value of x OR y element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     * * 1: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8} and dimensions
+     *      compatible with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    LOGICAL_OR = @1.2::OperationType:LOGICAL_OR,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the log softmax activations given logits.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using this formula:
+     *
+     *     output = logits * beta - log(reduce_sum(exp(logits * beta), axis))
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor specifying the input logits.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying the positive scaling factor for the exponent,
+     *      beta.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the beta
+     *      value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the beta
+     *      value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the axis to
+     *      reduce across. Negative index is used to specify axis from the
+     *      end (e.g. -1 for the last axis). Must be in the range [-n, n).
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and shape as
+     *      input0.
+     */
+    LOG_SOFTMAX = @1.2::OperationType:LOG_SOFTMAX,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the element-wise maximum of two tensors.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and compatible dimensions
+     *      with input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scales and zeroPoint can be different from input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    MAXIMUM = @1.2::OperationType:MAXIMUM,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the element-wise minimum of two tensors.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and compatible dimensions
+     *      with input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scales and zeroPoint can be different from input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    MINIMUM = @1.2::OperationType:MINIMUM,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes numerical negative value element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    NEG = @1.2::OperationType:NEG,
+
+    /**
+     * For input tensors x and y, computes x != y elementwise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * This operation supports broadcasting.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and dimensions compatible
+     *      with input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}.
+     */
+    NOT_EQUAL = @1.2::OperationType:NOT_EQUAL,
+
+    /**
+     * Pads a tensor with the given constant value according to the specified
+     * paddings.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor, specifying the tensor to be padded.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, the paddings
+     *      for each spatial dimension of the input tensor. The shape of the
+     *      tensor must be {rank(input0), 2}.
+     *      padding[i, 0] specifies the number of elements to be padded in the
+     *      front of dimension i.
+     *      padding[i, 1] specifies the number of elements to be padded after
+     *      the end of dimension i.
+     * * 2: An scalar specifying the value to use for padding input0.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the
+     *      pad value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}, the
+     *      pad value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the pad value must be of {@link OperandType::INT32}. The
+     *      scale and zeroPoint are assumed to be the same as in input0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0. The
+     *      output tensor has the same rank as input0, and each
+     *      dimension of the output tensor has the same size as the
+     *      corresponding dimension of the input tensor plus the size
+     *      of the padding:
+     *          output0.dimension[i] =
+     *              padding[i, 0] + input0.dimension[i] + padding[i, 1]
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    PAD_V2 = @1.2::OperationType:PAD_V2,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes the power of one value to another.
+     *
+     * Given a tensor base and a tensor exponent, this operation computes
+     * base^exponent elementwise.
+     *
+     * This operations supports broadcasting. The size of the output is the
+     * maximum size along each dimension of the input operands. It starts with
+     * the trailing dimensions, and works its way forward.
+     *
+     * For example:
+     *     base.dimension     =    {4, 1, 2}
+     *     exponent.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 1}
+     *     output.dimension   = {5, 4, 3, 2}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor specifying the base.
+     * * 1: A tensor specifying the exponent.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An output tensor.
+     */
+    POW = @1.2::OperationType:POW,
+
+    /**
+     * Parametric Rectified Linear Unit.
+     *
+     * It follows: f(x) = alpha * x for x < 0, f(x) = x for x >= 0, where alpha
+     * is a learned array with the same {@link OperandType} and compatible
+     * dimensions as input x.
+     *
+     * Two dimensions are compatible when:
+     *     1. they are equal, or
+     *     2. one of them is 1
+     *
+     * The size of the output is the maximum size along each dimension of the
+     * input operands. It starts with the trailing dimensions, and works its way
+     * forward.
+     *
+     * Example:
+     *     input.dimension  =    {4, 1, 2}
+     *     alpha.dimension  = {5, 4, 3, 1}
+     *     output.dimension = {5, 4, 3, 2}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType}, and compatible dimensions
+     *      as input0, specifying the alpha.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scales and zeroPoint can be different from input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    PRELU = @1.2::OperationType:PRELU,
+
+    /**
+     * Quantizes the input tensor.
+     *
+     * The formula for {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} output tensor is:
+     *
+     *     output = max(0, min(255, round(input / scale) + zeroPoint)
+     *
+     * The formula for {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} output
+     * tensor is:
+     *
+     *     output = max(-128, min(127, round(input / scale) + zeroPoint)
+     *
+     * Supported input tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported output tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, may be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0, but with
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} or.
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}.
+     */
+    QUANTIZE = @1.2::OperationType:QUANTIZE,
+
+    /**
+     * A version of quantized LSTM, using 16 bit quantization for internal
+     * state.
+     *
+     * There is no projection layer, so cell state size is equal to the output
+     * size.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [numBatches, inputSize] specifying the input to the LSTM
+     *      cell. Tensor is quantized with a fixed quantization range of
+     *      [-1, 127/128] (scale = 1/128, zeroPoint = 128).
+     * * 1: The input-to-input weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, inputSize] specifying input-to-input part of
+     *      weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 2: The input-to-forget weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, inputSize] specifying input-to-forget part of
+     *      weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 3: The input-to-cell weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, inputSize] specifying input-to-cell part of
+     *      weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 4: The input-to-output weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, inputSize] specifying input-to-output part of
+     *      weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 5: The recurrent-to-input weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, outputSize] specifying recurrent-to-input part
+     *      of weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 6: The recurrent-to-forget weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, outputSize] specifying recurrent-to-forget
+     *      part of weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 7: The recurrent-to-cell weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, outputSize] specifying recurrent-to-cell part
+     *      of weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 8: The recurrent-to-output weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [outputSize, outputSize] specifying recurrent-to-output
+     *      part of weights for fully-connected layer inside the LSTM cell.
+     *      Quantization zero point and scale must be the same across all the
+     *      weights.
+     * * 9: The input gate bias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} and shape
+     *      [outputSize] specifying the bias for the fully-connected layer
+     *      inside the LSTM cell. Bias is quantized with scale being a product
+     *      of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     * * 10:The forget gate bias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} and shape
+     *      [outputSize] specifying the bias for the fully-connected layer
+     *      inside the LSTM cell. Bias is quantized with scale being a product
+     *      of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     * * 11:The cell bias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} and shape
+     *      [outputSize] specifying the bias for the fully-connected layer
+     *      inside the LSTM cell. Bias is quantized with scale being a product
+     *      of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     * * 12:The output gate bias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} and shape
+     *      [outputSize] specifying the bias for the fully-connected layer
+     *      inside the LSTM cell. Bias is quantized with scale being a product
+     *      of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     * * 13: A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       and shape [numBatches, outputSize] specifying the cell state from the
+     *       previous time step of the LSTM cell. It is quantized using a
+     *       quantization range of [-2^4, 2^4 * 32767/32768] (scale = 2^4 /
+     *       32768, zeroPoint = 0).
+     * * 14: A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *       and shape [numBathes, outputSize] specifying the output of the LSTM
+     *       cell from previous time-step. Tensor is quantized with a fixed
+     *       quantization range of [-1, 127/128] (scale = 1/128, zeroPoint =
+     *       128).
+     *
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *      and shape [numBatches, outputSize] which contains a cell state from
+     *      the current time step. Tensor is quantized using a quantization
+     *      range of [-2^4, 2^4 * 32767/32768] (scale = 2^4 / 32768, zeroPoint =
+     *      0).
+     * * 1: A 2-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and shape [numBathes, outputSize] which contains the output value.
+     *      Tensor is quantized with a fixed quantization range of [-1, 127/128]
+     *      (scale = 1/128, zeroPoint = 128).
+     */
+    QUANTIZED_16BIT_LSTM = @1.2::OperationType:QUANTIZED_16BIT_LSTM,
+
+    /**
+     * Draws samples from a multinomial distribution.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D tensor with shape [batches, classes], specifying the
+     *      unnormalized log-probabilities for all classes.
+     * * 1: A scalar {@link OperandType::INT32}, specifying the number of
+     *      independent samples to draw for each row slice.
+     * * 2: A 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor with shape [2],
+     *      specifying seeds used to initialize the random distribution.
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A 2-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor with shape
+     *      [batches, samples], containing the drawn samples.
+     */
+    RANDOM_MULTINOMIAL = @1.2::OperationType:RANDOM_MULTINOMIAL,
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces a tensor by computing the "logical and" of elements along given
+     * dimensions.
+     *
+     * If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are
+     * retained with length 1. Otherwise, the rank of the tensor is reduced by
+     * 1 for each entry in dimensions.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Dimension values must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, keep_dims. If true,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     */
+    REDUCE_ALL = @1.2::OperationType:REDUCE_ALL,
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces a tensor by computing the "logical or" of elements along given
+     * dimensions.
+     *
+     * If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are
+     * retained with length 1. Otherwise, the rank of the tensor is reduced by
+     * 1 for each entry in dimensions.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Dimension values must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, keep_dims. If true,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     */
+    REDUCE_ANY = @1.2::OperationType:REDUCE_ANY,
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces a tensor by computing the maximum of elements along given
+     * dimensions.
+     *
+     * If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are
+     * retained with length 1. Otherwise, the rank of the tensor is reduced by
+     * 1 for each entry in dimensions.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Dimension values must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, keep_dims. If true,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    REDUCE_MAX = @1.2::OperationType:REDUCE_MAX,
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces a tensor by computing the minimum of elements along given
+     * dimensions.
+     *
+     * If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are
+     * retained with length 1. Otherwise, the rank of the tensor is reduced by
+     * 1 for each entry in dimensions.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Dimension values must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, keep_dims. If true,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    REDUCE_MIN = @1.2::OperationType:REDUCE_MIN,
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces a tensor by multiplying elements along given dimensions.
+     *
+     * If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are
+     * retained with length 1. Otherwise, the rank of the tensor is reduced by
+     * 1 for each entry in dimensions.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Dimension values must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, keep_dims. If true,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     */
+    REDUCE_PROD = @1.2::OperationType:REDUCE_PROD,
+
+    /**
+     * Reduces a tensor by summing elements along given dimensions.
+     *
+     * If keep_dims is true, the reduced dimensions are
+     * retained with length 1. Otherwise, the rank of the tensor is reduced by
+     * 1 for each entry in dimensions.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: up to 4
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}. The dimensions
+     *      to reduce. Dimension values must be in the range [-n, n).
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, keep_dims. If true,
+     *      retains reduced dimensions with length 1.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0.
+     */
+    REDUCE_SUM = @1.2::OperationType:REDUCE_SUM,
+
+    /**
+     * Select and scale the feature map of each region of interest to a unified
+     * output size by average pooling sampling points from bilinear interpolation.
+     *
+     * The region of interest is represented by its upper-left corner coordinate
+     * (x1,y1) and lower-right corner coordinate (x2,y2) in the original image.
+     * A spatial scaling factor is applied to map into feature map coordinate.
+     * A valid region of interest should satisfy x1 <= x2 and y1 <= y2.
+     *
+     * No rounding is applied in this operation. The sampling points are unified
+     * distributed in the pooling bin and their values are calculated by bilinear
+     * interpolation.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, specifying the feature map.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_rois, 4], specifying the locations of
+     *      the regions of interest, each line with format [x1, y1, x2, y2].
+     *      For input0 of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM},
+     *      this tensor should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and scale of 0.125. Zero num_rois is
+     *      supported for this tensor.
+     * * 2: An 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes with
+     *      the same batch index are grouped together. Zero num_rois is
+     *      supported for this tensor.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      height of the output tensor.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      width of the output tensor.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the ratio
+     *      from the height of original image to the height of feature map.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the ratio
+     *      from the width of original image to the width of feature map.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
+     *      sampling points in height dimension used to compute the output.
+     *      Set to 0 for adaptive value of ceil(roi_height/out_height).
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
+     *      sampling points in width dimension used to compute the output.
+     *      Set to 0 for adaptive value of ceil(roi_width/out_width).
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *      NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0. The output
+     *      shape is [num_rois, out_height, out_width, depth].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from the input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    ROI_ALIGN = @1.2::OperationType:ROI_ALIGN,
+
+    /**
+     * Select and scale the feature map of each region of interest to a unified
+     * output size by max-pooling.
+     *
+     * The region of interest is represented by its upper-left corner coordinate
+     * (x1,y1) and lower-right corner coordinate (x2,y2) in the original image.
+     * A spatial scaling factor is applied to map into feature map coordinate.
+     * A valid region of interest should satisfy x1 <= x2 and y1 <= y2.
+     *
+     * Rounding is applied in this operation to ensure integer boundary for
+     * regions of interest and pooling bins.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, specifying the feature map.
+     * * 1: A 2-D Tensor of shape [num_rois, 4], specifying the locations of
+     *      the regions of interest, each line with format [x1, y1, x2, y2].
+     *      For input0 of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      this tensor should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and scale of 0.125.
+     * * 2: An 1-D {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, of shape
+     *      [num_rois], specifying the batch index of each box. Boxes with
+     *      the same batch index are grouped together.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      height of the output tensor.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      width of the output tensor.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the ratio
+     *      from the height of original image to the height of feature map.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} scalar, specifying the ratio
+     *      from the width of original image to the width of feature map.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *      NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same {@link OperandType} as input0. The output
+     *      shape is [num_rois, out_height, out_width, depth].
+     *      For input0 of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    ROI_POOLING = @1.2::OperationType:ROI_POOLING,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes reciprocal of square root of x element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    RSQRT = @1.2::OperationType:RSQRT,
+
+    /**
+     * Using a tensor of booleans c and input tensors x and y select values
+     * elementwise from both input tensors:
+     *
+     * O[i] = C[i] ? x[i] : y[i].
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8} acting as a
+     *      mask that chooses, based on the value at each element, whether the
+     *      corresponding element in the output should be taken from input1 (if
+     *      true) or input2 (if false).
+     * * 1: An input tensor of the same shape as input0.
+     * * 2: An input tensor of the same shape and type as input1.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scales and zeroPoint can be different from input1 scale and zeroPoint.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor of the same type and shape as input1 and input2.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    SELECT = @1.2::OperationType:SELECT,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes sin of x element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    SIN = @1.2::OperationType:SIN,
+
+    /**
+     * Extracts a slice of specified size from the input tensor starting at a
+     * specified location.
+     *
+     * The starting location is specified as a 1-D tensor containing offsets
+     * for each dimension. The size is specified as a 1-D tensor containing
+     * either size of a slice along corresponding dimension or -1. In the latter
+     * case, all the remaining elements in dimension are included in the slice.
+     *
+     * A sum of begin offset and a size of a slice must not exceed size of a
+     * corresponding dimension.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor to take slice from, may be zero-sized.
+     * * 1: A 1-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} specifying
+     *      the beginning indices of the slice in each dimension.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} specifying
+     *      the size of the slice in each dimension.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor of the same type as the input containing the slice.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      its scale and zeroPoint has to be same as the input0 scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    SLICE = @1.2::OperationType:SLICE,
+
+    /**
+     * Splits a tensor along a given axis into num_splits subtensors.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor to split.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the axis along
+     *      which to split.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar indicating the number of
+     *      splits along given axis. Must evenly divide axis size.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0 ~ (num_splits - 1): Resulting subtensors.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    SPLIT = @1.2::OperationType:SPLIT,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes square root of x element-wise.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape as input0.
+     */
+    SQRT = @1.2::OperationType:SQRT,
+
+    /**
+     * Constructs a tensor by tiling a given tensor.
+     *
+     * This operation creates a new tensor by replicating `input` `multiples`
+     * times. The output tensor's i-th dimension has `input.dims(i) * multiples[i]`
+     * elements, and the values of `input` are replicated `multiples[i]` times
+     * along the i-th dimension.
+     * For example, tiling `[a b c d]` by `[2]` produces `[a b c d a b c d]`.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: input, an n-D tensor specifying the input.
+     * * 1: multiples, a 1-D tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}.
+     *      The length of multiples must be n.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A tiled tensor of the same {@link OperandType} and rank as `input`.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    TILE = @1.2::OperationType:TILE,
+
+    /**
+     * Finds values and indices of the k largest entries for the last dimension.
+     *
+     * Resulting values in each dimensions are sorted in descending order. If
+     * two values are equal, the one with larger index appears first.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: from 1
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: input, an n-D tensor specifying the input.
+     * * 1: k, an {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the number of
+     *      top elements to look for along the last dimension.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: An n-D tensor of the same type as the input, containing the k
+     *      largest elements along each last dimensional slice.
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     * * 1: An n-D tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *      containing the indices of values within the last dimension of input.
+     */
+    TOPK_V2 = @1.2::OperationType:TOPK_V2,
+
+    /**
+     * Performs the transpose of 2-D convolution operation.
+     *
+     * This operation is sometimes called "deconvolution" after Deconvolutional
+     * Networks, but is actually the transpose (gradient) of
+     * {@link OperandType::CONV_2D} rather than an actual deconvolution.
+     *
+     * The output dimensions are functions of the filter dimensions, stride, and
+     * padding.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType} configurations:
+     * * 16 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * 32 bit floating point:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} for input, filter, output, and bias.
+     *
+     * * Quantized:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * * Quantized with symmetric per channel quantization for the filter:
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Available since HAL version 1.3:
+     * * Quantized signed (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, filter, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (with scale set to
+     * * * input.scale * filter.scale).
+     *
+     * * Quantized signed with filter symmetric per channel quantization (since HAL version 1.3):
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} for input, and output.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} for filter.
+     * * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} for bias (scale set to 0.0,
+     * * * each value scaling is separate and equal to input.scale * filter.scales[channel]).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Both explicit padding and implicit padding are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (explicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_in], specifying the
+     *      filter. For tensor of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} the channel
+     *      dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim) must be set to 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias must be of the
+     *      same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias must be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the left, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the right, in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the top, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the padding on
+     *      the bottom, in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 9: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 10: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *       NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Inputs (implicit padding):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth_in],
+     *      specifying the input.
+     * * 1: A 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [depth_out, filter_height, filter_width, depth_in], specifying the
+     *      filter. For tensor of type
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL} the channel
+     *      dimension (SymmPerChannelQuantParams::channelDim) must be set to 0.
+     * * 2: A 1-D tensor, of shape [depth_out], specifying the bias. For input
+     *      tensor of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32} or
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}, the bias should be of the
+     *      same type.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     *      and {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED},
+     *      the bias should be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      with zeroPoint of 0 and bias_scale == input_scale * filter_scale.
+     *      For filter tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL},
+     *      the bias must be of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}, with zeroPoint of 0
+     *      and bias_scale of 0. The actual scale of each value 'i' is equal to
+     *      bias_scale[i] = input_scale * filter_scale[i].
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32} tensor, specifying the output
+     *      tensor shape.
+     * * 4: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the implicit
+     *      padding scheme, has to be one of the
+     *      following values: {0 (NONE), 1 (SAME), 2 (VALID)}.
+     * * 5: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘width’ dimension.
+     * * 6: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the stride when
+     *      walking through input in the ‘height’ dimension.
+     * * 7: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, and has to be one of the
+     *      {@link FusedActivationFunc} values. Specifies the activation to
+     *      invoke on the result.
+     * * 8: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, set to true to specify
+     *      NCHW data layout for input0 and output0. Set to false for NHWC.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, out_height, out_width, depth_out].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint can be different from inputs' scale and zeroPoint.
+     */
+    TRANSPOSE_CONV_2D = @1.2::OperationType:TRANSPOSE_CONV_2D,
+
+    /**
+     * A recurrent neural network specified by an LSTM cell.
+     *
+     * Performs (fully) dynamic unrolling of input.
+     *
+     * This Op unrolls the input along the time dimension, and implements the
+     * following operation for each element in the sequence
+     * s = 1...sequence_length:
+     *   outputs[s] = projection(state = activation(LSTMOp(inputs[s])))
+     *
+     * Where LSTMOp is the LSTM op as in {@link OperandType::LSTM},
+     * the "projection" is an optional projection layer from state and output
+     * and the “activation” is the function passed as the
+     * “fused_activation_function” argument (if not “NONE”).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 3, either time-major or batch-major.
+     *
+     * All input and output tensors must be of the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: The input (\f$x_t\f$).
+     *      A 3-D tensor of shape:
+     *        If time-major: [max_time, batch_size, input_size]
+     *        If batch-major: [batch_size, max_time, input_size]
+     *      where “max_time” is the number of timesteps (sequence length),
+     *      “batch_size” corresponds to the batching dimension, and
+     *      “input_size” is the size of the input.
+     * * 1: The input-to-input weights (\f$W_{xi}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size], where “num_units”
+     *      corresponds to the number of cell units.
+     * * 2: The input-to-forget weights (\f$W_{xf}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size].
+     * * 3: The input-to-cell weights (\f$W_{xc}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size].
+     * * 4: The input-to-output weights (\f$W_{xo}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, input_size].
+     * * 5: The recurrent-to-input weights (\f$W_{hi}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size], where “output_size”
+     *      corresponds to either the number of cell units (i.e., “num_units”),
+     *      or the second dimension of the “projection_weights”, if defined.
+     * * 6: The recurrent-to-forget weights (\f$W_{hf}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size].
+     * * 7: The recurrent-to-cell weights (\f$W_{hc}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size].
+     * * 8: The recurrent-to-output weights (\f$W_{ho}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [num_units, output_size].
+     * * 9: The cell-to-input weights (\f$W_{ci}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 10:The cell-to-forget weights (\f$W_{cf}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 11:The cell-to-output weights (\f$W_{co}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 12:The input gate bias (\f$b_i\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 13:The forget gate bias (\f$b_f\f$).
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 14:The cell bias (\f$b_c\f$).
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 15:The output gate bias (\f$b_o\f$).
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units].
+     * * 16:The projection weights (\f$W_{proj}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [output_size, num_units].
+     * * 17:The projection bias (\f$b_{proj}\f$). Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [output_size].
+     * * 18:The output state (in) (\f$h_{t-1}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, output_size].
+     * * 19:The cell state (in) (\f$C_{t-1}\f$).
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batch_size, num_units].
+     * * 20:The activation function (\f$g\f$).
+     *      A value indicating the activation function:
+     *      <ul>
+     *      <li>0: None;
+     *      <li>1: Relu;
+     *      <li>3: Relu6;
+     *      <li>4: Tanh;
+     *      <li>6: Sigmoid.
+     *      </ul>
+     * * 21:The clipping threshold (\f$t_{cell}\f$) for the cell state, such
+     *      that values are bound within [-cell_clip, cell_clip]. If set to 0.0
+     *      then clipping is disabled.
+     * * 22:The clipping threshold (\f$t_{proj}\f$) for the output from the
+     *      projection layer, such that values are bound within
+     *      [-proj_clip, proj_clip]. If set to 0.0 then clipping is disabled.
+     * * 23:Time-major if true, batch-major if false.
+     * * 24:The input layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at input gate.
+     * * 25:The forget layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at forget gate.
+     * * 26:The cell layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at cell gate.
+     * * 27:The output layer normalization weights. Optional.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [num_units]. Used to rescale normalized inputs
+     *      to activation at output gate.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output (\f$o_t\f$).
+     *      A 3-D tensor of shape:
+     *        If time-major: [max_time, batch_size, output_size]
+     *        If batch-major: [batch_size, max_time, output_size]
+     */
+    UNIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM = @1.2::OperationType:UNIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_LSTM,
+
+    /**
+     * A recurrent neural network layer that applies a basic RNN cell to a
+     * sequence of inputs.
+     *
+     * This layer unrolls the input along the sequence dimension, and implements
+     * the following operation
+     * for each element in the sequence s = 1...sequence_length:
+     *   outputs[s] = state = activation(inputs[s] * input_weights’ + state *
+     *   recurrent_weights’ + bias)
+     *
+     * Where:
+     * * “input_weights” is a weight matrix that multiplies the inputs;
+     * * “recurrent_weights” is a weight matrix that multiplies the current
+     *    “state” which itself is the output from the previous time step
+     *    computation;
+     * * “bias” is a bias vector (added to each output vector in the batch);
+     * * “activation” is the function passed as the “fused_activation_function”
+     *   argument (if not “NONE”).
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * The input tensors must all be the same type.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: input.
+     *      A 3-D tensor. The shape is defined by the input 6 (timeMajor). If
+     *      it is set to 1, then the input has a shape [maxTime, batchSize,
+     *      inputSize], otherwise the input has a shape [batchSize, maxTime,
+     *      inputSize].
+     * * 1: weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [numUnits, inputSize].
+     * * 2: recurrent_weights.
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [numUnits, numUnits].
+     * * 3: bias.
+     *      A 1-D tensor of shape [numUnits].
+     * * 4: hidden state
+     *      A 2-D tensor of shape [batchSize, numUnits]. Specifies a hidden
+     *      state input for the first time step of the computation.
+     * * 5: fusedActivationFunction.
+     *      A {@link FusedActivationFunc} value indicating the activation function. If
+     *      “NONE” is specified then it results in a linear activation.
+     * * 6: timeMajor
+     *      An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar specifying the shape format
+     *      of input and output tensors. Must be set to either 0 or 1.
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: output.
+     *      A 3-D tensor. The shape is defined by the input 6 (timeMajor). If
+     *      it is set to 1, then the output has a shape [maxTime, batchSize,
+     *      numUnits], otherwise the output has a shape [batchSize, maxTime,
+     *      numUnits].
+     */
+    UNIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN = @1.2::OperationType:UNIDIRECTIONAL_SEQUENCE_RNN,
+
+    /**
+     * Resizes images to given size using the nearest neighbor interpretation.
+     *
+     * Resized images must be distorted if their output aspect ratio is not the
+     * same as input aspect ratio. The corner pixels of output may not be the
+     * same as corner pixels of input.
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} (since HAL version 1.3)
+     *
+     * Supported tensor rank: 4, with "NHWC" or "NCHW" data layout.
+     * With the default data layout NHWC, the data is stored in the order of:
+     * [batch, height, width, channels]. Alternatively, the data layout could
+     * be NCHW, the data storage order of: [batch, channels, height, width].
+     *
+     * Both resizing by shape and resizing by scale are supported.
+     *
+     * Inputs (resizing by shape):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input. Zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      width of the output tensor.
+     * * 2: An {@link OperandType::INT32} scalar, specifying the output
+     *      height of the output tensor.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *
+     * Inputs (resizing by scale):
+     * * 0: A 4-D tensor, of shape [batches, height, width, depth], specifying
+     *      the input. Zero batches is supported for this tensor.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying width_scale, the scaling factor of the width
+     *      dimension from the input tensor to the output tensor. The output
+     *      width is calculated as new_width = floor(width * width_scale).
+     *      The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if input0 is
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} otherwise.
+     * * 2: A scalar, specifying height_scale, the scaling factor of the height
+     *      dimension from the input tensor to the output tensor. The output
+     *      height is calculated as new_height = floor(height * height_scale).
+     *      The scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16} if input0 is
+     *      of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16} and of
+     *      {@link OperandType::FLOAT32} otherwise.
+     * * 3: An {@link OperandType::BOOL} scalar, default to false.
+     *      Set to true to specify NCHW data layout for input0 and output0.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output 4-D tensor, of shape
+     *      [batches, new_height, new_width, depth].
+     *      For a {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM} and
+     *      {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED} tensor,
+     *      the scale and zeroPoint must be the same as input0.
+     */
+    RESIZE_NEAREST_NEIGHBOR = @1.2::OperationType:RESIZE_NEAREST_NEIGHBOR,
+
+    /**
+     * Quantized version of {@link OperationType::LSTM}.
+     *
+     * The input and the output use asymmetric quantized types, while the rest
+     * use symmetric ones.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: The input to the LSTM cell.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *      Shape: [batchSize, inputSize]
+     * * 1: The input-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, inputSize]
+     * * 2: The input-to-forget weights.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, inputSize]
+     * * 3: The input-to-cell weights.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, inputSize]
+     * * 4: The input-to-output weights.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, inputSize]
+     * * 5: The recurrent-to-input weights. Optional.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, outputSize]
+     * * 6: The recurrent-to-forget weights.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, outputSize]
+     * * 7: The recurrent-to-cell weights.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, outputSize]
+     * * 8: The recurrent-to-output weights.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits, outputSize]
+     * * 9: The cell-to-input weights (for peephole). Optional.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 10: The cell-to-forget weights (for peephole). Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 11: The cell-to-output weights (for peephole). Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 12: The input gate bias. Quantized with scale being the
+     *       product of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     *       Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 13: The forget gate bias. Quantized with scale being the
+     *       product of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 14: The cell bias. Quantized with scale being the
+     *       product of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 15: The output gate bias. Quantized with scale being the
+     *       product of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 16: The projection weights. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [outputSize, numUnits]
+     * * 17: The projection bias. Quantized with scale being the
+     *       product of input and weights scales and zeroPoint equal to 0.
+     *       Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *       Shape: [outputSize]
+     * * 18: The output from the previous time step.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *       Shape: [batchSize, outputSize]
+     * * 19: The cell state from the previous time step.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [batchSize, numUnits]
+     * * 20: The input layer normalization weights. Used to rescale
+     *       normalized inputs to activation at input gate. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 21: The forget layer normalization weights. Used to
+     *       rescale normalized inputs to activation at forget gate. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 22: The cell layer normalization weights. Used to rescale
+     *       normalized inputs to activation at cell gate. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 23: The output layer normalization weights. Used to
+     *       rescale normalized inputs to activation at output gate. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *       Shape: [numUnits]
+     * * 24: The cell clip. If provided the cell state is clipped
+     *       by this value prior to the cell output activation. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 25: The projection clip. If provided and projection is enabled,
+     *       this is used for clipping the projected values. Optional.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 26: The scale of the intermediate result of matmul,
+     *       i.e. input to layer normalization, at input gate.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 27: The scale of the intermediate result of matmul,
+     *       i.e. input to layer normalization, at forget gate.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 28: The scale of the intermediate result of matmul,
+     *       i.e. input to layer normalization, at cell gate.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 29: The scale of the intermediate result of matmul,
+     *       i.e. input to layer normalization, at output gate.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     * * 30: The zero point of the hidden state, i.e. input to
+     *       projection.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::INT32}.
+     * * 31: The scale of the hidden state, i.e. input to
+     *       projection.
+     *       Type: {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output state (out).
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *      Shape: [batchSize, outputSize]
+     * * 1: The cell state (out).
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     *      Shape: [batchSize, numUnits]
+     * * 2: The output. This is effectively the same as the current
+     *      "output state (out)" value.
+     *      Type: {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *      Shape: [batchSize, outputSize]
+     */
+    QUANTIZED_LSTM = 95,
+
+    /**
+     * Executes one of the two referenced subgraphs as determined by a boolean
+     * value.
+     *
+     * The inputs and outputs of the two referenced subgraphs must agree with the
+     * signature of this operation. That is, if the operation has (3 + n) inputs
+     * and m outputs, both subgraphs must have n inputs and m outputs with the same
+     * types as the corresponding operation inputs and outputs.
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A value of type {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8} and shape [1]
+     *      that determines which of the two referenced subgraphs to execute.
+     * * 1: A {@link OperandType::SUBGRAPH} reference to the subgraph to be
+     *      executed if the condition is true.
+     * * 2: A {@link OperandType::SUBGRAPH} reference to the subgraph to be
+     *      executed if the condition is false.
+     * * 3 ~ (n + 2): Inputs to be passed to the subgraph selected for execution.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0 ~ (m - 1): Outputs produced by the selected subgraph.
+     */
+    IF = 96,
+
+    /**
+     * Executes the body subgraph until the condition subgraph outputs false.
+     *
+     * The inputs to this operation are the condition subgraph, the body subgraph,
+     * and operand values for the first iteration of the loop. The values are
+     * implicitly split into three groups of input-output, state-only, and
+     * input-only values, as described below.
+     *
+     * The outputs of this operation are the final values of input-output
+     * operands.
+     *
+     * Both the condition and body subgraph receive (m + k + n) inputs.
+     * * The first m (m >= 1) inputs are input-output operands. For the first
+     *   iteration, these are initialized from the corresponding inputs of the
+     *   WHILE operation. In subsequent iterations, their values come from the
+     *   corresponding outputs of the body subgraph produced during the previous
+     *   iteration.
+     * * The next k (k >= 0) inputs are state-only operands. They are similar to
+     *   the input-output operands, except that their values are no longer
+     *   available after the loop terminates.
+     * * The last n (n >= 0) inputs are input-only operands. Their values come
+     *   from the corresponding inputs of the WHILE operation.
+     *
+     * The body subgraph produces (m + k) outputs.
+     * * The first m outputs are input-output operands. They become the outputs
+     *   of the WHILE operation when a termination condition is reached.
+     * * The last k outputs are state-only operands. Their values are no longer
+     *   available after the loop terminates.
+     *
+     * The numbers m, k, and n are inferred by the driver as follows:
+     *     m = (WHILE operation output count)
+     *     k = (body subgraph output count) - m
+     *     n = (body subgraph input count) - m - k
+     *
+     * The pseudo-code below illustrates the flow of a WHILE operation with
+     * inputs condition, body, initial_input_output, initial_state, input_only
+     * (m = 1, k = 1, n = 1):
+     *
+     *     input_output = initial_input_output
+     *     state = initial_state
+     *     while condition(input_output, state, input_only):
+     *         input_output, state = body(input_output, state, input_only)
+     *     return input_output
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A {@link OperandType::SUBGRAPH} reference to the condition
+     *      subgraph. The subgraph must have (m + k + n) inputs with
+     *      the same types as the corresponding inputs of the WHILE operation
+     *      and exactly one output of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     *      and shape [1].
+     * * 1: A {@link OperandType::SUBGRAPH} reference to the body subgraph.
+     *      The subgraph must have (m + k + n) inputs and (m + k) outputs with
+     *      the same types as the corresponding inputs and outputs of the WHILE
+     *      operation.
+     * * (m inputs): Initial values for input-output operands.
+     * * (k inputs): Initial values for state-only operands.
+     * * (n inputs): Values for input-only operands.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0 ~ (m - 1): Outputs produced by the loop.
+     */
+    WHILE = 97,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes exponential linear activation on the input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using the following formula:
+     *
+     *     ELU(x) = max(0, x) + min(0, alpha * (exp(x) - 1))
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input. May be zero-sized.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying the alpha parameter.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16},
+     *      the alpha value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For input tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
+     *      the alpha value must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape and type as input0.
+     */
+    ELU = 98,
+
+    /**
+     * Computes hard-swish activation on the input tensor element-wise.
+     *
+     * Hard swish activation is introduced in
+     * https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.02244.pdf
+     *
+     * The output is calculated using the following formula:
+     *
+     *     h-swish(x) = x * max(0, min(6, (x + 3))) / 6
+
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A tensor, specifying the input. May be zero-sized.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor of same shape and type as input0.
+     *      Scale and zero point of this tensor may be different from the input
+     *      tensor's parameters.
+     */
+    HARD_SWISH = 99,
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a tensor filled with a scalar value.
+     *
+     * Supported output tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: A 1-D tensor, specifying the desired output tensor shape.
+     * * 1: A scalar, specifying the value to fill the output tensors with.
+     *      For output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16},
+     *      the scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT16}.
+     *      For output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32},
+     *      the scalar must be of {@link OperandType::FLOAT32}.
+     *      For output tensor of {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32},
+     *      the scalar must be of {@link OperandType::INT32}.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: The output tensor.
+     */
+    FILL = 100,
+
+    /**
+     * Returns the rank of a tensor.
+     *
+     * The rank of a tensor is the number of dimensions in it. Also known as
+     * "order", "degree", "ndims".
+     *
+     * Supported tensor {@link OperandType}:
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_INT32}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM}
+     * * {@link OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED}
+     *
+     * Inputs:
+     * * 0: The input tensor.
+     *
+     * Outputs:
+     * * 0: A scalar of {@link OperandType::INT32}, specifying the rank
+     *      of the input tensor.
+     */
+    RANK = 101,
+
+    /**
+     * DEPRECATED. Since NNAPI 1.2, extensions are the preferred alternative to
+     * OEM operation and data types.
+     *
+     * This operation is OEM specific. It should only be used for OEM
+     * applications.
+     */
+    OEM_OPERATION = @1.2::OperationType:OEM_OPERATION,
+    /* ADDING A NEW FUNDAMENTAL OPERATION REQUIRES UPDATING THE VALUE OF
+     * OperationTypeRange::FUNDAMENTAL_MAX.
+     */
+    /* ADDING A NEW OEM OPERATION REQUIRES UPDATING THE VALUE OF
+     * OperationTypeRange::OEM_MAX.
+     */
+};
+
+/**
+ * The range of values in the OperationType enum.
+ */
+enum OperationTypeRange : uint32_t {
+    BASE_MIN        = 0,
+    FUNDAMENTAL_MIN = 0,
+    FUNDAMENTAL_MAX = 101,
+    OEM_MIN         = 10000,
+    OEM_MAX         = 10000,
+    BASE_MAX        = 0xFFFF,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Priority given to a prepared model for execution.
+ */
+enum Priority : int32_t {
+    LOW,
+    MEDIUM,
+    HIGH,
+};
+
 
 /**
  * The capabilities of a driver.
@@ -109,6 +5159,85 @@
 };
 
 /**
+ * Describes one operation of the model's graph.
+ */
+struct Operation {
+    /**
+     * The operation type.
+     *
+     * Besides the values listed in {@link OperationType}, any value above
+     * {@link OperationTypeRange::BASE_MAX} is possible and should be interpreted
+     * as an extension type according to {@link Model::extensionNameToPrefix}.
+     */
+    OperationType type;
+
+    /**
+     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the inputs of the
+     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> inputs;
+
+    /**
+     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the outputs of the
+     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> outputs;
+};
+
+/**
+ * How an operand is used.
+ */
+enum OperandLifeTime : int32_t {
+    /**
+     * The operand is internal to the model. It's created by an operation and
+     * consumed by other operations. It must be an output operand of
+     * exactly one operation.
+     */
+    TEMPORARY_VARIABLE,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is an input of a subgraph. It must not be an output
+     * operand of any operation.
+     *
+     * An operand can't be both input and output of a subgraph.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH_INPUT,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is an output of a subgraph. It must be an output
+     * operand of exactly one operation.
+     *
+     * An operand can't be both input and output of a subgraph.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is a constant found in Model.operandValues. It must
+     * not be an output operand of any operation.
+     */
+    CONSTANT_COPY,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is a constant that was specified via a Memory
+     * object. It must not be an output operand of any operation.
+     */
+    CONSTANT_REFERENCE,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand does not have a value. This is valid only for optional
+     * arguments of operations.
+     */
+    NO_VALUE,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is a reference to a subgraph. It must be an input to one
+     * or more {@link OperationType::IF} or {@link OperationType::WHILE}
+     * operations.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH,
+};
+
+/**
  * Describes one operand of the model's graph.
  */
 struct Operand {
@@ -144,7 +5273,7 @@
      *     . The operand has lifetime CONSTANT_COPY or
      *       CONSTANT_REFERENCE.
      *
-     *     . The operand has lifetime MODEL_INPUT. Fully
+     *     . The operand has lifetime SUBGRAPH_INPUT. Fully
      *       specified dimensions must either be present in the
      *       Operand or they must be provided in the corresponding
      *       RequestArgument.
@@ -192,8 +5321,8 @@
 
     /**
      * Where to find the data for this operand.
-     * If the lifetime is TEMPORARY_VARIABLE, MODEL_INPUT, MODEL_OUTPUT, or
-     * NO_VALUE:
+     * If the lifetime is TEMPORARY_VARIABLE, SUBGRAPH_INPUT, SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT,
+     * or NO_VALUE:
      * - All the fields must be 0.
      * If the lifetime is CONSTANT_COPY:
      * - location.poolIndex is 0.
@@ -203,6 +5332,11 @@
      * - location.poolIndex is set.
      * - location.offset is the offset in bytes into the specified pool.
      * - location.length is set.
+     * If the lifetime is SUBGRAPH:
+     * - location.poolIndex is 0.
+     * - location.offset is the index of the referenced subgraph in
+     *   {@link Model::referenced}.
+     * - location.length is 0.
      */
     DataLocation location;
 
@@ -233,28 +5367,6 @@
 };
 
 /**
- * Describes one operation of the model's graph.
- */
-struct Operation {
-    /**
-     * The operation type.
-     */
-    OperationType type;
-
-    /**
-     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the inputs of the
-     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
-     */
-    vec<uint32_t> inputs;
-
-    /**
-     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the outputs of the
-     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
-     */
-    vec<uint32_t> outputs;
-};
-
-/**
  * A Neural Network Model.
  *
  * This includes not only the execution graph, but also constant data such as
@@ -263,32 +5375,19 @@
  */
 struct Model {
     /**
-     * All operands included in the model.
+     * The top-level subgraph.
      */
-    vec<Operand> operands;
+    Subgraph main;
 
     /**
-     * All operations included in the model.
+     * Referenced subgraphs.
      *
-     * The operations are sorted into execution order. Every operand
-     * with lifetime MODEL_OUTPUT or TEMPORARY_VARIABLE must be
-     * written before it is read.
-     */
-    vec<Operation> operations;
-
-    /**
-     * Input indexes of the model. There must be at least one.
+     * Each subgraph is referenced by the main subgraph or at least one other
+     * referenced subgraph.
      *
-     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
+     * There must be no reference cycles.
      */
-    vec<uint32_t> inputIndexes;
-
-    /**
-     * Output indexes of the model. There must be at least one.
-     *
-     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
-     */
-    vec<uint32_t> outputIndexes;
+    vec<Subgraph> referenced;
 
     /**
      * A byte buffer containing operand data that were copied into the model.
@@ -322,9 +5421,9 @@
      * {@link OperandTypeRange::BASE_MAX} or
      * {@link OperationTypeRange::BASE_MAX} respectively should be interpreted
      * as an extension operand. The low
-     * {@link Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::LOW_BITS_TYPE} bits of the value
-     * correspond to the type ID within the extension and the high
-     * {@link Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::HIGH_BITS_PREFIX} bits encode
+     * {@link @1.2::Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::LOW_BITS_TYPE} bits of the
+     * value correspond to the type ID within the extension and the high
+     * {@link @1.2::Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::HIGH_BITS_PREFIX} bits encode
      * the "prefix", which maps uniquely to the extension name.
      *
      * For example, if a model contains an operation whose value is
@@ -337,37 +5436,186 @@
      * prefix corresponding to each extension name and at most one extension
      * name corresponding to each prefix.
      */
-    vec<ExtensionNameAndPrefix> extensionNameToPrefix;
+    vec<@1.2::Model.ExtensionNameAndPrefix> extensionNameToPrefix;
+};
+
+/**
+ * An excerpt of the execution graph.
+ */
+struct Subgraph {
+    /**
+     * All operands included in the subgraph.
+     */
+    vec<Operand> operands;
 
     /**
-     * A correspondence between an extension name and a prefix of operand and
-     * operation type values.
+     * All operations included in the subgraph.
+     *
+     * The operations are sorted into execution order. Every operand
+     * with lifetime SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT or TEMPORARY_VARIABLE must be
+     * written before it is read.
      */
-    struct ExtensionNameAndPrefix {
+    vec<Operation> operations;
+
+    /**
+     * Input indexes of the subgraph. There must be at least one.
+     *
+     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> inputIndexes;
+
+    /**
+     * Output indexes of the subgraph. There must be at least one.
+     *
+     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> outputIndexes;
+};
+
+/**
+ * A buffer descriptor. Describes the properties of a buffer.
+ */
+struct BufferDesc {
+    /**
+     * Dimensions of the buffer. May have unknown dimensions or rank. A buffer with some number
+     * of unspecified dimensions is represented by setting each unspecified dimension to 0. A
+     * buffer with unspecified rank is represented by providing an empty dimensions vector.
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> dimensions;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Describes a role of an input or output to a prepared model.
+ */
+struct BufferRole {
+    /**
+     * The index of the IPreparedModel within the "preparedModel" argument passed in
+     * IDevice::allocate.
+     */
+    uint32_t modelIndex;
+
+    /**
+     * The index of the input or output operand.
+     */
+    uint32_t ioIndex;
+
+    /**
+     * A floating-point value within the range (0.0, 1.0]. Describes how likely the
+     * buffer is to be used in the specified role. This is provided as a hint to
+     * optimize the case when multiple roles prefer different buffer locations or data
+     * layouts.
+     */
+    float frequency;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Inputs to be sent to and outputs to be retrieved from a prepared model.
+ *
+ * A Request serves two primary tasks:
+ * 1) Provides the input and output data to be used when executing the model.
+ * 2) Specifies any updates to the input operand metadata that were left
+ *    unspecified at model preparation time.
+ *
+ * An output must not overlap with any other output, with an input, or
+ * with an operand of lifetime CONSTANT_REFERENCE.
+ */
+struct Request {
+    /**
+     * Input data and information to be used in the execution of a prepared
+     * model.
+     *
+     * The index of the input corresponds to the index in Model.inputIndexes.
+     *   E.g., input[i] corresponds to Model.inputIndexes[i].
+     */
+    vec<RequestArgument> inputs;
+
+    /**
+     * Output data and information to be used in the execution of a prepared
+     * model.
+     *
+     * The index of the output corresponds to the index in Model.outputIndexes.
+     *   E.g., output[i] corresponds to Model.outputIndexes[i].
+     */
+    vec<RequestArgument> outputs;
+
+    /**
+     * A memory pool.
+     */
+    safe_union MemoryPool {
         /**
-         * The extension name.
-         *
-         * See {@link Extension::name} for the format specification.
+         * Specifies a client-managed shared memory pool.
          */
-        string name;
+        memory hidlMemory;
 
         /**
-         * The unique extension identifier within the model.
-         *
-         * See {@link Model::extensionNameToPrefix}.
+         * Specifies a driver-managed buffer. It is the token returned from IDevice::allocate,
+         * and is specific to the IDevice object.
          */
-        uint16_t prefix;
+        int32_t token;
     };
 
     /**
-     * Numeric values of extension operand and operation types have the
-     * following structure:
-     * - 16 high bits represent the "prefix", which corresponds uniquely to the
-     *   extension name.
-     * - 16 low bits represent the type ID within the extension.
+     * A collection of memory pools containing operand data for both the
+     * inputs and the outputs to a model.
      */
-    enum ExtensionTypeEncoding : uint8_t {
-        HIGH_BITS_PREFIX = 16,
-        LOW_BITS_TYPE = 16,
-    };
+    vec<MemoryPool> pools;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Optional time point of the steady clock (as from std::chrono::steady_clock)
+ * measured in nanoseconds.
+ */
+safe_union OptionalTimePoint {
+    /** No time point provided. */
+    Monostate none;
+
+    /**
+     * Time point of the steady clock (as from std::chrono::steady_clock)
+     * measured in nanoseconds.
+     */
+    uint64_t nanoseconds;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Optional timeout duration measured in nanoseconds.
+ */
+safe_union OptionalTimeoutDuration {
+    /** No time point provided. */
+    Monostate none;
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout duration measured in nanoseconds.
+     */
+    uint64_t nanoseconds;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Return status of a function.
+ */
+enum ErrorStatus : @1.0::ErrorStatus {
+    /**
+     * Failure because a deadline could not be met for a task, but future
+     * deadlines may still be met for the same task after a short delay.
+     */
+    MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Failure because a deadline could not be met for a task, and future
+     * deadlines will likely also not be met for the same task even after a
+     * short delay.
+     */
+    MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Failure because of a resource limitation within the driver, but future
+     * calls for the same task may still succeed after a short delay.
+     */
+    RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_TRANSIENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Failure because of a resource limitation within the driver, and future
+     * calls for the same task will likely also fail even after a short
+     * delay.
+     */
+    RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_PERSISTENT,
 };
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.t b/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.t
index d41cfd2..d4351ec 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.t
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.t
@@ -19,8 +19,11 @@
 package android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3;
 
 import @1.0::DataLocation;
-import @1.0::OperandLifeTime;
+import @1.0::ErrorStatus;
 import @1.0::PerformanceInfo;
+import @1.0::RequestArgument;
+import @1.2::Model.ExtensionNameAndPrefix;
+import @1.2::Model.ExtensionTypeEncoding;
 import @1.2::OperandType;
 import @1.2::OperationType;
 import @1.2::SymmPerChannelQuantParams;
@@ -44,6 +47,58 @@
     BASE_MAX        = 0xFFFF,
 };
 
+/**
+ * Operation types.
+ *
+ * The type of an operation in a model.
+ */
+enum OperationType : int32_t {
+
+%insert Operation_1.0
+
+%insert Operation_1.1
+
+%insert Operation_1.2
+
+%insert Operation_1.3
+
+    /**
+     * DEPRECATED. Since NNAPI 1.2, extensions are the preferred alternative to
+     * OEM operation and data types.
+     *
+     * This operation is OEM specific. It should only be used for OEM
+     * applications.
+     */
+    OEM_OPERATION = @1.2::OperationType:OEM_OPERATION,
+    /* ADDING A NEW FUNDAMENTAL OPERATION REQUIRES UPDATING THE VALUE OF
+     * OperationTypeRange::FUNDAMENTAL_MAX.
+     */
+    /* ADDING A NEW OEM OPERATION REQUIRES UPDATING THE VALUE OF
+     * OperationTypeRange::OEM_MAX.
+     */
+};
+
+/**
+ * The range of values in the OperationType enum.
+ */
+enum OperationTypeRange : uint32_t {
+    BASE_MIN        = 0,
+    FUNDAMENTAL_MIN = 0,
+%insert Operation_1.3_MAX
+    OEM_MIN         = 10000,
+    OEM_MAX         = 10000,
+    BASE_MAX        = 0xFFFF,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Priority given to a prepared model for execution.
+ */
+enum Priority : int32_t {
+    LOW,
+    MEDIUM,
+    HIGH,
+};
+
 
 /**
  * The capabilities of a driver.
@@ -80,6 +135,85 @@
 };
 
 /**
+ * Describes one operation of the model's graph.
+ */
+struct Operation {
+    /**
+     * The operation type.
+     *
+     * Besides the values listed in {@link OperationType}, any value above
+     * {@link OperationTypeRange::BASE_MAX} is possible and should be interpreted
+     * as an extension type according to {@link Model::extensionNameToPrefix}.
+     */
+    OperationType type;
+
+    /**
+     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the inputs of the
+     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> inputs;
+
+    /**
+     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the outputs of the
+     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> outputs;
+};
+
+/**
+ * How an operand is used.
+ */
+enum OperandLifeTime : int32_t {
+    /**
+     * The operand is internal to the model. It's created by an operation and
+     * consumed by other operations. It must be an output operand of
+     * exactly one operation.
+     */
+    TEMPORARY_VARIABLE,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is an input of a subgraph. It must not be an output
+     * operand of any operation.
+     *
+     * An operand can't be both input and output of a subgraph.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH_INPUT,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is an output of a subgraph. It must be an output
+     * operand of exactly one operation.
+     *
+     * An operand can't be both input and output of a subgraph.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is a constant found in Model.operandValues. It must
+     * not be an output operand of any operation.
+     */
+    CONSTANT_COPY,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is a constant that was specified via a Memory
+     * object. It must not be an output operand of any operation.
+     */
+    CONSTANT_REFERENCE,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand does not have a value. This is valid only for optional
+     * arguments of operations.
+     */
+    NO_VALUE,
+
+    /**
+     * The operand is a reference to a subgraph. It must be an input to one
+     * or more {@link OperationType::IF} or {@link OperationType::WHILE}
+     * operations.
+     */
+    SUBGRAPH,
+};
+
+/**
  * Describes one operand of the model's graph.
  */
 struct Operand {
@@ -115,7 +249,7 @@
      *     . The operand has lifetime CONSTANT_COPY or
      *       CONSTANT_REFERENCE.
      *
-     *     . The operand has lifetime MODEL_INPUT. Fully
+     *     . The operand has lifetime SUBGRAPH_INPUT. Fully
      *       specified dimensions must either be present in the
      *       Operand or they must be provided in the corresponding
      *       RequestArgument.
@@ -163,8 +297,8 @@
 
     /**
      * Where to find the data for this operand.
-     * If the lifetime is TEMPORARY_VARIABLE, MODEL_INPUT, MODEL_OUTPUT, or
-     * NO_VALUE:
+     * If the lifetime is TEMPORARY_VARIABLE, SUBGRAPH_INPUT, SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT,
+     * or NO_VALUE:
      * - All the fields must be 0.
      * If the lifetime is CONSTANT_COPY:
      * - location.poolIndex is 0.
@@ -174,6 +308,11 @@
      * - location.poolIndex is set.
      * - location.offset is the offset in bytes into the specified pool.
      * - location.length is set.
+     * If the lifetime is SUBGRAPH:
+     * - location.poolIndex is 0.
+     * - location.offset is the index of the referenced subgraph in
+     *   {@link Model::referenced}.
+     * - location.length is 0.
      */
     DataLocation location;
 
@@ -204,28 +343,6 @@
 };
 
 /**
- * Describes one operation of the model's graph.
- */
-struct Operation {
-    /**
-     * The operation type.
-     */
-    OperationType type;
-
-    /**
-     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the inputs of the
-     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
-     */
-    vec<uint32_t> inputs;
-
-    /**
-     * Describes the table that contains the indexes of the outputs of the
-     * operation. The offset is the index in the operandIndexes table.
-     */
-    vec<uint32_t> outputs;
-};
-
-/**
  * A Neural Network Model.
  *
  * This includes not only the execution graph, but also constant data such as
@@ -234,32 +351,19 @@
  */
 struct Model {
     /**
-     * All operands included in the model.
+     * The top-level subgraph.
      */
-    vec<Operand> operands;
+    Subgraph main;
 
     /**
-     * All operations included in the model.
+     * Referenced subgraphs.
      *
-     * The operations are sorted into execution order. Every operand
-     * with lifetime MODEL_OUTPUT or TEMPORARY_VARIABLE must be
-     * written before it is read.
-     */
-    vec<Operation> operations;
-
-    /**
-     * Input indexes of the model. There must be at least one.
+     * Each subgraph is referenced by the main subgraph or at least one other
+     * referenced subgraph.
      *
-     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
+     * There must be no reference cycles.
      */
-    vec<uint32_t> inputIndexes;
-
-    /**
-     * Output indexes of the model. There must be at least one.
-     *
-     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
-     */
-    vec<uint32_t> outputIndexes;
+    vec<Subgraph> referenced;
 
     /**
      * A byte buffer containing operand data that were copied into the model.
@@ -293,9 +397,9 @@
      * {@link OperandTypeRange::BASE_MAX} or
      * {@link OperationTypeRange::BASE_MAX} respectively should be interpreted
      * as an extension operand. The low
-     * {@link Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::LOW_BITS_TYPE} bits of the value
-     * correspond to the type ID within the extension and the high
-     * {@link Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::HIGH_BITS_PREFIX} bits encode
+     * {@link @1.2::Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::LOW_BITS_TYPE} bits of the
+     * value correspond to the type ID within the extension and the high
+     * {@link @1.2::Model::ExtensionTypeEncoding::HIGH_BITS_PREFIX} bits encode
      * the "prefix", which maps uniquely to the extension name.
      *
      * For example, if a model contains an operation whose value is
@@ -308,37 +412,186 @@
      * prefix corresponding to each extension name and at most one extension
      * name corresponding to each prefix.
      */
-    vec<ExtensionNameAndPrefix> extensionNameToPrefix;
+    vec<@1.2::Model.ExtensionNameAndPrefix> extensionNameToPrefix;
+};
+
+/**
+ * An excerpt of the execution graph.
+ */
+struct Subgraph {
+    /**
+     * All operands included in the subgraph.
+     */
+    vec<Operand> operands;
 
     /**
-     * A correspondence between an extension name and a prefix of operand and
-     * operation type values.
+     * All operations included in the subgraph.
+     *
+     * The operations are sorted into execution order. Every operand
+     * with lifetime SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT or TEMPORARY_VARIABLE must be
+     * written before it is read.
      */
-    struct ExtensionNameAndPrefix {
+    vec<Operation> operations;
+
+    /**
+     * Input indexes of the subgraph. There must be at least one.
+     *
+     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> inputIndexes;
+
+    /**
+     * Output indexes of the subgraph. There must be at least one.
+     *
+     * Each value corresponds to the index of the operand in "operands".
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> outputIndexes;
+};
+
+/**
+ * A buffer descriptor. Describes the properties of a buffer.
+ */
+struct BufferDesc {
+    /**
+     * Dimensions of the buffer. May have unknown dimensions or rank. A buffer with some number
+     * of unspecified dimensions is represented by setting each unspecified dimension to 0. A
+     * buffer with unspecified rank is represented by providing an empty dimensions vector.
+     */
+    vec<uint32_t> dimensions;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Describes a role of an input or output to a prepared model.
+ */
+struct BufferRole {
+    /**
+     * The index of the IPreparedModel within the "preparedModel" argument passed in
+     * IDevice::allocate.
+     */
+    uint32_t modelIndex;
+
+    /**
+     * The index of the input or output operand.
+     */
+    uint32_t ioIndex;
+
+    /**
+     * A floating-point value within the range (0.0, 1.0]. Describes how likely the
+     * buffer is to be used in the specified role. This is provided as a hint to
+     * optimize the case when multiple roles prefer different buffer locations or data
+     * layouts.
+     */
+    float frequency;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Inputs to be sent to and outputs to be retrieved from a prepared model.
+ *
+ * A Request serves two primary tasks:
+ * 1) Provides the input and output data to be used when executing the model.
+ * 2) Specifies any updates to the input operand metadata that were left
+ *    unspecified at model preparation time.
+ *
+ * An output must not overlap with any other output, with an input, or
+ * with an operand of lifetime CONSTANT_REFERENCE.
+ */
+struct Request {
+    /**
+     * Input data and information to be used in the execution of a prepared
+     * model.
+     *
+     * The index of the input corresponds to the index in Model.inputIndexes.
+     *   E.g., input[i] corresponds to Model.inputIndexes[i].
+     */
+    vec<RequestArgument> inputs;
+
+    /**
+     * Output data and information to be used in the execution of a prepared
+     * model.
+     *
+     * The index of the output corresponds to the index in Model.outputIndexes.
+     *   E.g., output[i] corresponds to Model.outputIndexes[i].
+     */
+    vec<RequestArgument> outputs;
+
+    /**
+     * A memory pool.
+     */
+    safe_union MemoryPool {
         /**
-         * The extension name.
-         *
-         * See {@link Extension::name} for the format specification.
+         * Specifies a client-managed shared memory pool.
          */
-        string name;
+        memory hidlMemory;
 
         /**
-         * The unique extension identifier within the model.
-         *
-         * See {@link Model::extensionNameToPrefix}.
+         * Specifies a driver-managed buffer. It is the token returned from IDevice::allocate,
+         * and is specific to the IDevice object.
          */
-        uint16_t prefix;
+        int32_t token;
     };
 
     /**
-     * Numeric values of extension operand and operation types have the
-     * following structure:
-     * - 16 high bits represent the "prefix", which corresponds uniquely to the
-     *   extension name.
-     * - 16 low bits represent the type ID within the extension.
+     * A collection of memory pools containing operand data for both the
+     * inputs and the outputs to a model.
      */
-    enum ExtensionTypeEncoding : uint8_t {
-        HIGH_BITS_PREFIX = 16,
-        LOW_BITS_TYPE = 16,
-    };
+    vec<MemoryPool> pools;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Optional time point of the steady clock (as from std::chrono::steady_clock)
+ * measured in nanoseconds.
+ */
+safe_union OptionalTimePoint {
+    /** No time point provided. */
+    Monostate none;
+
+    /**
+     * Time point of the steady clock (as from std::chrono::steady_clock)
+     * measured in nanoseconds.
+     */
+    uint64_t nanoseconds;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Optional timeout duration measured in nanoseconds.
+ */
+safe_union OptionalTimeoutDuration {
+    /** No time point provided. */
+    Monostate none;
+
+    /**
+     * Timeout duration measured in nanoseconds.
+     */
+    uint64_t nanoseconds;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Return status of a function.
+ */
+enum ErrorStatus : @1.0::ErrorStatus {
+    /**
+     * Failure because a deadline could not be met for a task, but future
+     * deadlines may still be met for the same task after a short delay.
+     */
+    MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Failure because a deadline could not be met for a task, and future
+     * deadlines will likely also not be met for the same task even after a
+     * short delay.
+     */
+    MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Failure because of a resource limitation within the driver, but future
+     * calls for the same task may still succeed after a short delay.
+     */
+    RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_TRANSIENT,
+
+    /**
+     * Failure because of a resource limitation within the driver, and future
+     * calls for the same task will likely also fail even after a short
+     * delay.
+     */
+    RESOURCE_EXHAUSTED_PERSISTENT,
 };
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 0f2720e..f936267 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -14,13 +14,33 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 //
 
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_3_utils",
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    srcs: [
+        "Callbacks.cpp",
+        "Utils.cpp",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.3",
+    ],
+    header_libs: [
+        "libbase_headers",
+    ],
+}
+
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalNeuralnetworksV1_3TargetTest",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    defaults: ["neuralnetworks_vts_functional_defaults"],
     srcs: [
         "BasicTests.cpp",
         "CompilationCachingTests.cpp",
         "GeneratedTestHarness.cpp",
+        "QualityOfServiceTests.cpp",
         "TestAssertions.cpp",
         "ValidateBurst.cpp",
         "ValidateModel.cpp",
@@ -32,6 +52,9 @@
         "libnativewindow",
     ],
     static_libs: [
+        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_0_utils",
+        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_2Callbacks",
+        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_3_utils",
         "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.0",
         "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.1",
         "android.hardware.neuralnetworks@1.2",
@@ -42,8 +65,7 @@
         "libhidlmemory",
         "libneuralnetworks_generated_test_harness",
         "libneuralnetworks_utils",
-        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_0_utils",
-        "VtsHalNeuralNetworksV1_2Callbacks",
+        "libsync",
     ],
     whole_static_libs: [
         "neuralnetworks_generated_V1_0_example",
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/BasicTests.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/BasicTests.cpp
index b64dc2f..891850c 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/BasicTests.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/BasicTests.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
 
 using V1_0::DeviceStatus;
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
 using V1_0::PerformanceInfo;
 using V1_2::Constant;
 using V1_2::DeviceType;
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5768e37
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Callbacks.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "Callbacks"
+
+#include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <limits>
+
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::implementation {
+
+using V1_2::OutputShape;
+using V1_2::Timing;
+
+constexpr Timing kNoTiming = {.timeOnDevice = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max(),
+                              .timeInDriver = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()};
+
+// PreparedModelCallback methods begin here
+
+Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notifyInternal(ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                                   const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> hold(mMutex);
+
+        // quick-return if object has already been notified
+        if (mNotified) {
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        // store results and mark as notified
+        mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
+        mPreparedModel = preparedModel;
+        mNotified = true;
+    }
+
+    mCondition.notify_all();
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notify(V1_0::ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                           const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
+    return notifyInternal(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(errorStatus), preparedModel);
+}
+
+Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2(V1_0::ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                               const sp<V1_2::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
+    return notifyInternal(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(errorStatus), preparedModel);
+}
+
+Return<void> PreparedModelCallback::notify_1_3(V1_3::ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                               const sp<V1_3::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) {
+    return notifyInternal(errorStatus, preparedModel);
+}
+
+void PreparedModelCallback::wait() const {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+    mCondition.wait(lock, [this] { return mNotified; });
+}
+
+ErrorStatus PreparedModelCallback::getStatus() const {
+    wait();
+    return mErrorStatus;
+}
+
+sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> PreparedModelCallback::getPreparedModel() const {
+    wait();
+    return mPreparedModel;
+}
+
+// ExecutionCallback methods begin here
+
+Return<void> ExecutionCallback::notify(V1_0::ErrorStatus errorStatus) {
+    return notifyInternal(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(errorStatus), {}, kNoTiming);
+}
+
+Return<void> ExecutionCallback::notify_1_2(V1_0::ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                           const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes,
+                                           const Timing& timing) {
+    return notifyInternal(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(errorStatus), outputShapes, timing);
+}
+
+Return<void> ExecutionCallback::notify_1_3(V1_3::ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                           const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes,
+                                           const Timing& timing) {
+    return notifyInternal(errorStatus, outputShapes, timing);
+}
+
+void ExecutionCallback::wait() const {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mMutex);
+    mCondition.wait(lock, [this] { return mNotified; });
+}
+
+ErrorStatus ExecutionCallback::getStatus() const {
+    wait();
+    return mErrorStatus;
+}
+
+const std::vector<OutputShape>& ExecutionCallback::getOutputShapes() const {
+    wait();
+    return mOutputShapes;
+}
+
+Timing ExecutionCallback::getTiming() const {
+    wait();
+    return mTiming;
+}
+
+Return<void> ExecutionCallback::notifyInternal(ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                               hidl_vec<OutputShape> outputShapes, Timing timing) {
+    // check results
+    if (errorStatus == ErrorStatus::OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE) {
+        // outputShapes must not be empty if OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+        if (outputShapes.size() == 0) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Notifid with empty output shape vector when OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE";
+            errorStatus = ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+            outputShapes = {};
+            timing = kNoTiming;
+        }
+    } else if (errorStatus != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+        // outputShapes must be empty if errorStatus is neither NONE nor OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+        if (outputShapes.size() != 0) {
+            LOG(ERROR) << "Notified with non-empty output shape vector when error status is "
+                          "neither NONE nor OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE";
+            errorStatus = ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+            outputShapes = {};
+            timing = kNoTiming;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // store results
+    {
+        std::lock_guard<std::mutex> hold(mMutex);
+
+        // quick-return if object has already been notified
+        if (mNotified) {
+            return Void();
+        }
+
+        mErrorStatus = errorStatus;
+        mOutputShapes = std::move(outputShapes);
+        mTiming = timing;
+        mNotified = true;
+    }
+    mCondition.notify_all();
+    return Void();
+}
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::implementation
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp
index 0ac4738..0bd24da 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/CompilationCachingTests.cpp
@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@
 #include <random>
 #include <thread>
 
-#include "1.2/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
 #include "MemoryUtils.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
@@ -48,12 +49,10 @@
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
 
 using namespace test_helper;
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
+using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
 using V1_2::Constant;
-using V1_2::IPreparedModel;
 using V1_2::OperationType;
-using V1_2::implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 
 namespace float32_model {
 
@@ -231,7 +230,7 @@
         ASSERT_NE(kDevice.get(), nullptr);
 
         // Create cache directory. The cache directory and a temporary cache file is always created
-        // to test the behavior of prepareModelFromCache, even when caching is not supported.
+        // to test the behavior of prepareModelFromCache_1_3, even when caching is not supported.
         char cacheDirTemp[] = "/data/local/tmp/TestCompilationCachingXXXXXX";
         char* cacheDir = mkdtemp(cacheDirTemp);
         ASSERT_NE(cacheDir, nullptr);
@@ -239,8 +238,8 @@
         mCacheDir.push_back('/');
 
         Return<void> ret = kDevice->getNumberOfCacheFilesNeeded(
-                [this](ErrorStatus status, uint32_t numModelCache, uint32_t numDataCache) {
-                    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
+                [this](V1_0::ErrorStatus status, uint32_t numModelCache, uint32_t numDataCache) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(V1_0::ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
                     mNumModelCache = numModelCache;
                     mNumDataCache = numDataCache;
                 });
@@ -309,7 +308,7 @@
                 model,
                 [&fullySupportsModel, &model](ErrorStatus status, const hidl_vec<bool>& supported) {
                     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
-                    ASSERT_EQ(supported.size(), model.operations.size());
+                    ASSERT_EQ(supported.size(), model.main.operations.size());
                     fullySupportsModel = std::all_of(supported.begin(), supported.end(),
                                                      [](bool valid) { return valid; });
                 });
@@ -325,9 +324,9 @@
         // Launch prepare model.
         sp<PreparedModelCallback> preparedModelCallback = new PreparedModelCallback();
         hidl_array<uint8_t, sizeof(mToken)> cacheToken(mToken);
-        Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus =
-                kDevice->prepareModel_1_3(model, ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER,
-                                          modelCache, dataCache, cacheToken, preparedModelCallback);
+        Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus = kDevice->prepareModel_1_3(
+                model, ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER, kDefaultPriority, {}, modelCache,
+                dataCache, cacheToken, preparedModelCallback);
         ASSERT_TRUE(prepareLaunchStatus.isOk());
         ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(prepareLaunchStatus), ErrorStatus::NONE);
 
@@ -370,8 +369,8 @@
         // Launch prepare model from cache.
         sp<PreparedModelCallback> preparedModelCallback = new PreparedModelCallback();
         hidl_array<uint8_t, sizeof(mToken)> cacheToken(mToken);
-        Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus = kDevice->prepareModelFromCache(
-                modelCache, dataCache, cacheToken, preparedModelCallback);
+        Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus = kDevice->prepareModelFromCache_1_3(
+                {}, modelCache, dataCache, cacheToken, preparedModelCallback);
         ASSERT_TRUE(prepareLaunchStatus.isOk());
         if (static_cast<ErrorStatus>(prepareLaunchStatus) != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
             *preparedModel = nullptr;
@@ -457,8 +456,7 @@
     }
 
     // Execute and verify results.
-    EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                          /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+    EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
 }
 
 TEST_P(CompilationCachingTest, CacheSavingAndRetrievalNonZeroOffset) {
@@ -520,8 +518,7 @@
     }
 
     // Execute and verify results.
-    EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                          /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+    EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
 }
 
 TEST_P(CompilationCachingTest, SaveToCacheInvalidNumCache) {
@@ -542,8 +539,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -567,8 +563,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -591,8 +586,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -616,8 +610,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -728,8 +721,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -753,8 +745,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -777,8 +768,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -802,8 +792,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -915,8 +904,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -938,8 +926,7 @@
         saveModelToCache(model, modelCache, dataCache, &preparedModel);
         ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
         // Execute and verify results.
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel,
-                              /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+        EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
         // Check if prepareModelFromCache fails.
         preparedModel = nullptr;
         ErrorStatus status;
@@ -1083,8 +1070,8 @@
                 ASSERT_EQ(preparedModel, nullptr);
             } else {
                 ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
-                EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModelAdd,
-                                      /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+                EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModelAdd,
+                                      /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -1145,8 +1132,8 @@
                 ASSERT_EQ(preparedModel, nullptr);
             } else {
                 ASSERT_NE(preparedModel, nullptr);
-                EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModelAdd,
-                                      /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+                EvaluatePreparedModel(kDevice, preparedModel, testModelAdd,
+                                      /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
index 8a7ed24..8ea0b7e 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.cpp
@@ -29,19 +29,25 @@
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/types.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IDevice.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IFencedExecutionCallback.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModel.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.h>
 #include <android/hidl/allocator/1.0/IAllocator.h>
 #include <android/hidl/memory/1.0/IMemory.h>
+#include <android/sync.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidlmemory/mapping.h>
 
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <numeric>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "1.0/Utils.h"
-#include "1.2/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
 #include "ExecutionBurstController.h"
 #include "MemoryUtils.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
@@ -52,24 +58,145 @@
 
 using namespace test_helper;
 using hidl::memory::V1_0::IMemory;
+using implementation::ExecutionCallback;
+using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 using V1_0::DataLocation;
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
-using V1_0::OperandLifeTime;
-using V1_0::Request;
+using V1_0::RequestArgument;
 using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
 using V1_2::Constant;
-using V1_2::IPreparedModel;
 using V1_2::MeasureTiming;
-using V1_2::OperationType;
 using V1_2::OutputShape;
 using V1_2::SymmPerChannelQuantParams;
 using V1_2::Timing;
-using V1_2::implementation::ExecutionCallback;
-using V1_2::implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 using HidlToken = hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
 
+namespace {
+
+enum class Executor { ASYNC, SYNC, BURST, FENCED };
+
 enum class OutputType { FULLY_SPECIFIED, UNSPECIFIED, INSUFFICIENT };
 
+enum class MemoryType { SHARED, DEVICE };
+
+enum class IOType { INPUT, OUTPUT };
+
+static void waitForSyncFence(int syncFd) {
+    constexpr int kInfiniteTimeout = -1;
+    ASSERT_GT(syncFd, 0);
+    int r = sync_wait(syncFd, kInfiniteTimeout);
+    ASSERT_GE(r, 0);
+}
+
+struct TestConfig {
+    Executor executor;
+    MeasureTiming measureTiming;
+    OutputType outputType;
+    MemoryType memoryType;
+    // `reportSkipping` indicates if a test should print an info message in case
+    // it is skipped. The field is set to true by default and is set to false in
+    // quantization coupling tests to suppress skipping a test
+    bool reportSkipping;
+    TestConfig(Executor executor, MeasureTiming measureTiming, OutputType outputType,
+               MemoryType memoryType)
+        : executor(executor),
+          measureTiming(measureTiming),
+          outputType(outputType),
+          memoryType(memoryType),
+          reportSkipping(true) {}
+    TestConfig(Executor executor, MeasureTiming measureTiming, OutputType outputType,
+               MemoryType memoryType, bool reportSkipping)
+        : executor(executor),
+          measureTiming(measureTiming),
+          outputType(outputType),
+          memoryType(memoryType),
+          reportSkipping(reportSkipping) {}
+};
+
+class DeviceMemoryAllocator {
+  public:
+    DeviceMemoryAllocator(const sp<IDevice>& device, const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                          const TestModel& testModel)
+        : kDevice(device), kPreparedModel(preparedModel), kTestModel(testModel) {}
+
+    // Allocate device memory for a target input/output operand.
+    // Return {IBuffer object, token} if successful.
+    // Return {nullptr, 0} if device memory is not supported.
+    template <IOType ioType>
+    std::pair<sp<IBuffer>, int32_t> allocate(uint32_t index) {
+        std::pair<sp<IBuffer>, int32_t> buffer;
+        allocateInternal<ioType>(index, &buffer);
+        return buffer;
+    }
+
+  private:
+    template <IOType ioType>
+    void allocateInternal(uint32_t index, std::pair<sp<IBuffer>, int32_t>* result) {
+        ASSERT_NE(result, nullptr);
+
+        // Prepare arguments.
+        BufferRole role = {.modelIndex = 0, .ioIndex = index, .frequency = 1.0f};
+        hidl_vec<BufferRole> inputRoles, outputRoles;
+        if constexpr (ioType == IOType::INPUT) {
+            inputRoles = {role};
+        } else {
+            outputRoles = {role};
+        }
+
+        // Allocate device memory.
+        ErrorStatus status;
+        sp<IBuffer> buffer;
+        int32_t token;
+        const auto ret = kDevice->allocate(
+                {}, {kPreparedModel}, inputRoles, outputRoles,
+                [&status, &buffer, &token](ErrorStatus error, const sp<IBuffer>& buf, int32_t tok) {
+                    status = error;
+                    buffer = buf;
+                    token = tok;
+                });
+
+        // Check allocation results.
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+        if (status == ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+            ASSERT_NE(buffer, nullptr);
+            ASSERT_GT(token, 0);
+        } else {
+            ASSERT_EQ(status, ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE);
+            ASSERT_EQ(buffer, nullptr);
+            ASSERT_EQ(token, 0);
+        }
+
+        // Initialize input data from TestBuffer.
+        if constexpr (ioType == IOType::INPUT) {
+            if (buffer != nullptr) {
+                // TestBuffer -> Shared memory.
+                const auto& testBuffer = kTestModel.operands[kTestModel.inputIndexes[index]].data;
+                ASSERT_GT(testBuffer.size(), 0);
+                hidl_memory tmp = nn::allocateSharedMemory(testBuffer.size());
+                sp<IMemory> inputMemory = mapMemory(tmp);
+                ASSERT_NE(inputMemory.get(), nullptr);
+                uint8_t* inputPtr =
+                        static_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(inputMemory->getPointer()));
+                ASSERT_NE(inputPtr, nullptr);
+                const uint8_t* begin = testBuffer.get<uint8_t>();
+                const uint8_t* end = begin + testBuffer.size();
+                std::copy(begin, end, inputPtr);
+
+                // Shared memory -> IBuffer.
+                auto ret = buffer->copyFrom(tmp, {});
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+                ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(ret), ErrorStatus::NONE);
+            }
+        }
+        *result = {std::move(buffer), token};
+    }
+
+    const sp<IDevice> kDevice;
+    const sp<IPreparedModel> kPreparedModel;
+    const TestModel& kTestModel;
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
 Model createModel(const TestModel& testModel) {
     // Model operands.
     hidl_vec<Operand> operands(testModel.operands.size());
@@ -149,10 +276,10 @@
         }
     }
 
-    return {.operands = std::move(operands),
-            .operations = std::move(operations),
-            .inputIndexes = testModel.inputIndexes,
-            .outputIndexes = testModel.outputIndexes,
+    return {.main = {.operands = std::move(operands),
+                     .operations = std::move(operations),
+                     .inputIndexes = testModel.inputIndexes,
+                     .outputIndexes = testModel.outputIndexes},
             .operandValues = std::move(operandValues),
             .pools = std::move(pools),
             .relaxComputationFloat32toFloat16 = testModel.isRelaxed};
@@ -170,24 +297,179 @@
 }
 
 static void makeOutputDimensionsUnspecified(Model* model) {
-    for (auto i : model->outputIndexes) {
-        auto& dims = model->operands[i].dimensions;
+    for (auto i : model->main.outputIndexes) {
+        auto& dims = model->main.operands[i].dimensions;
         std::fill(dims.begin(), dims.end(), 0);
     }
 }
 
+constexpr uint32_t kInputPoolIndex = 0;
+constexpr uint32_t kOutputPoolIndex = 1;
+constexpr uint32_t kDeviceMemoryBeginIndex = 2;
+
+static std::pair<Request, std::vector<sp<IBuffer>>> createRequest(
+        const sp<IDevice>& device, const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+        const TestModel& testModel, bool preferDeviceMemory) {
+    // Memory pools are organized as:
+    // - 0: Input shared memory pool
+    // - 1: Output shared memory pool
+    // - [2, 2+i): Input device memories
+    // - [2+i, 2+i+o): Output device memories
+    DeviceMemoryAllocator allocator(device, preparedModel, testModel);
+    std::vector<sp<IBuffer>> buffers;
+    std::vector<int32_t> tokens;
+
+    // Model inputs.
+    hidl_vec<RequestArgument> inputs(testModel.inputIndexes.size());
+    size_t inputSize = 0;
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.inputIndexes.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.operands[testModel.inputIndexes[i]];
+        if (op.data.size() == 0) {
+            // Omitted input.
+            inputs[i] = {.hasNoValue = true};
+            continue;
+        } else if (preferDeviceMemory) {
+            SCOPED_TRACE("Input index = " + std::to_string(i));
+            auto [buffer, token] = allocator.allocate<IOType::INPUT>(i);
+            if (buffer != nullptr) {
+                DataLocation loc = {.poolIndex = static_cast<uint32_t>(buffers.size() +
+                                                                       kDeviceMemoryBeginIndex)};
+                buffers.push_back(std::move(buffer));
+                tokens.push_back(token);
+                inputs[i] = {.hasNoValue = false, .location = loc, .dimensions = {}};
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Reserve shared memory for input.
+        DataLocation loc = {.poolIndex = kInputPoolIndex,
+                            .offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(inputSize),
+                            .length = static_cast<uint32_t>(op.data.size())};
+        inputSize += op.data.alignedSize();
+        inputs[i] = {.hasNoValue = false, .location = loc, .dimensions = {}};
+    }
+
+    // Model outputs.
+    hidl_vec<RequestArgument> outputs(testModel.outputIndexes.size());
+    size_t outputSize = 0;
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.outputIndexes.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& op = testModel.operands[testModel.outputIndexes[i]];
+        if (preferDeviceMemory) {
+            SCOPED_TRACE("Output index = " + std::to_string(i));
+            auto [buffer, token] = allocator.allocate<IOType::OUTPUT>(i);
+            if (buffer != nullptr) {
+                DataLocation loc = {.poolIndex = static_cast<uint32_t>(buffers.size() +
+                                                                       kDeviceMemoryBeginIndex)};
+                buffers.push_back(std::move(buffer));
+                tokens.push_back(token);
+                outputs[i] = {.hasNoValue = false, .location = loc, .dimensions = {}};
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // In the case of zero-sized output, we should at least provide a one-byte buffer.
+        // This is because zero-sized tensors are only supported internally to the driver, or
+        // reported in output shapes. It is illegal for the client to pre-specify a zero-sized
+        // tensor as model output. Otherwise, we will have two semantic conflicts:
+        // - "Zero dimension" conflicts with "unspecified dimension".
+        // - "Omitted operand buffer" conflicts with "zero-sized operand buffer".
+        size_t bufferSize = std::max<size_t>(op.data.size(), 1);
+
+        // Reserve shared memory for output.
+        DataLocation loc = {.poolIndex = kOutputPoolIndex,
+                            .offset = static_cast<uint32_t>(outputSize),
+                            .length = static_cast<uint32_t>(bufferSize)};
+        outputSize += op.data.size() == 0 ? TestBuffer::kAlignment : op.data.alignedSize();
+        outputs[i] = {.hasNoValue = false, .location = loc, .dimensions = {}};
+    }
+
+    // Memory pools.
+    hidl_vec<Request::MemoryPool> pools(kDeviceMemoryBeginIndex + buffers.size());
+    pools[kInputPoolIndex].hidlMemory(nn::allocateSharedMemory(std::max<size_t>(inputSize, 1)));
+    pools[kOutputPoolIndex].hidlMemory(nn::allocateSharedMemory(std::max<size_t>(outputSize, 1)));
+    CHECK_NE(pools[kInputPoolIndex].hidlMemory().size(), 0u);
+    CHECK_NE(pools[kOutputPoolIndex].hidlMemory().size(), 0u);
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < buffers.size(); i++) {
+        pools[kDeviceMemoryBeginIndex + i].token(tokens[i]);
+    }
+
+    // Copy input data to the input shared memory pool.
+    sp<IMemory> inputMemory = mapMemory(pools[kInputPoolIndex].hidlMemory());
+    CHECK(inputMemory.get() != nullptr);
+    uint8_t* inputPtr = static_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(inputMemory->getPointer()));
+    CHECK(inputPtr != nullptr);
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < testModel.inputIndexes.size(); i++) {
+        if (!inputs[i].hasNoValue && inputs[i].location.poolIndex == kInputPoolIndex) {
+            const auto& op = testModel.operands[testModel.inputIndexes[i]];
+            const uint8_t* begin = op.data.get<uint8_t>();
+            const uint8_t* end = begin + op.data.size();
+            std::copy(begin, end, inputPtr + inputs[i].location.offset);
+        }
+    }
+
+    Request request = {
+            .inputs = std::move(inputs), .outputs = std::move(outputs), .pools = std::move(pools)};
+    return {std::move(request), std::move(buffers)};
+}
+
+// Get a TestBuffer with data copied from an IBuffer object.
+static void getBuffer(const sp<IBuffer>& buffer, size_t size, TestBuffer* testBuffer) {
+    // IBuffer -> Shared memory.
+    hidl_memory tmp = nn::allocateSharedMemory(size);
+    const auto ret = buffer->copyTo(tmp);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<ErrorStatus>(ret), ErrorStatus::NONE);
+
+    // Shared memory -> TestBuffer.
+    sp<IMemory> outputMemory = mapMemory(tmp);
+    ASSERT_NE(outputMemory.get(), nullptr);
+    uint8_t* outputPtr = static_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(outputMemory->getPointer()));
+    ASSERT_NE(outputPtr, nullptr);
+    ASSERT_NE(testBuffer, nullptr);
+    *testBuffer = TestBuffer(size, outputPtr);
+}
+
+static std::vector<TestBuffer> getOutputBuffers(const TestModel& testModel, const Request& request,
+                                                const std::vector<sp<IBuffer>>& buffers) {
+    sp<IMemory> outputMemory = mapMemory(request.pools[kOutputPoolIndex].hidlMemory());
+    CHECK(outputMemory.get() != nullptr);
+    uint8_t* outputPtr = static_cast<uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(outputMemory->getPointer()));
+    CHECK(outputPtr != nullptr);
+
+    // Copy out output results.
+    std::vector<TestBuffer> outputBuffers;
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < request.outputs.size(); i++) {
+        const auto& outputLoc = request.outputs[i].location;
+        if (outputLoc.poolIndex == kOutputPoolIndex) {
+            outputBuffers.emplace_back(outputLoc.length, outputPtr + outputLoc.offset);
+        } else {
+            const auto& op = testModel.operands[testModel.outputIndexes[i]];
+            if (op.data.size() == 0) {
+                outputBuffers.emplace_back();
+            } else {
+                SCOPED_TRACE("Output index = " + std::to_string(i));
+                const uint32_t bufferIndex = outputLoc.poolIndex - kDeviceMemoryBeginIndex;
+                TestBuffer buffer;
+                getBuffer(buffers[bufferIndex], op.data.size(), &buffer);
+                outputBuffers.push_back(std::move(buffer));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return outputBuffers;
+}
+
 static Return<ErrorStatus> ExecutePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
                                                 const Request& request, MeasureTiming measure,
                                                 sp<ExecutionCallback>& callback) {
-    return preparedModel->execute_1_2(request, measure, callback);
+    return preparedModel->execute_1_3(request, measure, {}, callback);
 }
 static Return<ErrorStatus> ExecutePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
                                                 const Request& request, MeasureTiming measure,
                                                 hidl_vec<OutputShape>* outputShapes,
                                                 Timing* timing) {
     ErrorStatus result;
-    Return<void> ret = preparedModel->executeSynchronously(
-            request, measure,
+    Return<void> ret = preparedModel->executeSynchronously_1_3(
+            request, measure, {},
             [&result, outputShapes, timing](ErrorStatus error, const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& shapes,
                                             const Timing& time) {
                 result = error;
@@ -204,31 +486,41 @@
     return android::nn::ExecutionBurstController::create(preparedModel,
                                                          std::chrono::microseconds{0});
 }
-enum class Executor { ASYNC, SYNC, BURST };
 
-void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const TestModel& testModel,
-                           Executor executor, MeasureTiming measure, OutputType outputType) {
+void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                           const TestModel& testModel, const TestConfig& testConfig,
+                           bool* skipped = nullptr) {
+    if (skipped != nullptr) {
+        *skipped = false;
+    }
     // If output0 does not have size larger than one byte, we can not test with insufficient buffer.
-    if (outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT && !isOutputSizeGreaterThanOne(testModel, 0)) {
+    if (testConfig.outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT &&
+        !isOutputSizeGreaterThanOne(testModel, 0)) {
         return;
     }
 
-    Request request = createRequest(testModel);
-    if (outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT) {
+    auto [request, buffers] =
+            createRequest(device, preparedModel, testModel,
+                          /*preferDeviceMemory=*/testConfig.memoryType == MemoryType::DEVICE);
+    // Skip if testing memory domain but no device memory has been allocated.
+    if (testConfig.memoryType == MemoryType::DEVICE && buffers.empty()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    if (testConfig.outputType == OutputType::INSUFFICIENT) {
         makeOutputInsufficientSize(/*outputIndex=*/0, &request);
     }
 
     ErrorStatus executionStatus;
     hidl_vec<OutputShape> outputShapes;
     Timing timing;
-    switch (executor) {
+    switch (testConfig.executor) {
         case Executor::ASYNC: {
             SCOPED_TRACE("asynchronous");
 
             // launch execution
             sp<ExecutionCallback> executionCallback = new ExecutionCallback();
-            Return<ErrorStatus> executionLaunchStatus =
-                    ExecutePreparedModel(preparedModel, request, measure, executionCallback);
+            Return<ErrorStatus> executionLaunchStatus = ExecutePreparedModel(
+                    preparedModel, request, testConfig.measureTiming, executionCallback);
             ASSERT_TRUE(executionLaunchStatus.isOk());
             EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(executionLaunchStatus));
 
@@ -244,39 +536,86 @@
             SCOPED_TRACE("synchronous");
 
             // execute
-            Return<ErrorStatus> executionReturnStatus =
-                    ExecutePreparedModel(preparedModel, request, measure, &outputShapes, &timing);
+            Return<ErrorStatus> executionReturnStatus = ExecutePreparedModel(
+                    preparedModel, request, testConfig.measureTiming, &outputShapes, &timing);
             ASSERT_TRUE(executionReturnStatus.isOk());
             executionStatus = static_cast<ErrorStatus>(executionReturnStatus);
 
             break;
         }
         case Executor::BURST: {
+            // TODO(butlermichael): Check if we need to test burst in V1_3 if the interface remains
+            //                      V1_2.
             SCOPED_TRACE("burst");
 
+            // check compliance
+            ASSERT_TRUE(nn::compliantWithV1_0(request));
+            V1_0::Request request10 = nn::convertToV1_0(request);
+
             // create burst
             const std::shared_ptr<::android::nn::ExecutionBurstController> controller =
                     CreateBurst(preparedModel);
             ASSERT_NE(nullptr, controller.get());
 
             // create memory keys
-            std::vector<intptr_t> keys(request.pools.size());
+            std::vector<intptr_t> keys(request10.pools.size());
             for (size_t i = 0; i < keys.size(); ++i) {
-                keys[i] = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(&request.pools[i]);
+                keys[i] = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(&request10.pools[i]);
             }
 
             // execute burst
             int n;
             std::tie(n, outputShapes, timing, std::ignore) =
-                    controller->compute(request, measure, keys);
+                    controller->compute(request10, testConfig.measureTiming, keys);
             executionStatus = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(n);
 
             break;
         }
+        case Executor::FENCED: {
+            SCOPED_TRACE("fenced");
+            ErrorStatus result;
+            hidl_handle syncFenceHandle;
+            sp<IFencedExecutionCallback> fencedCallback;
+            Return<void> ret = preparedModel->executeFenced(
+                    request, {}, testConfig.measureTiming, {}, {},
+                    [&result, &syncFenceHandle, &fencedCallback](
+                            ErrorStatus error, const hidl_handle& handle,
+                            const sp<IFencedExecutionCallback>& callback) {
+                        result = error;
+                        syncFenceHandle = handle;
+                        fencedCallback = callback;
+                    });
+            ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            if (result != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+                ASSERT_EQ(syncFenceHandle.getNativeHandle(), nullptr);
+                ASSERT_EQ(fencedCallback, nullptr);
+                executionStatus = ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+            } else if (syncFenceHandle.getNativeHandle()) {
+                waitForSyncFence(syncFenceHandle.getNativeHandle()->data[0]);
+            }
+            if (result == ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+                ASSERT_NE(fencedCallback, nullptr);
+                Return<void> ret = fencedCallback->getExecutionInfo(
+                        [&executionStatus, &timing](ErrorStatus error, Timing t, Timing) {
+                            executionStatus = error;
+                            timing = t;
+                        });
+                ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+            }
+            break;
+        }
     }
 
-    if (outputType != OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED &&
+    // The driver is allowed to reject executeFenced, and if they do, we should skip.
+    if ((testConfig.outputType != OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED ||
+         testConfig.executor == Executor::FENCED) &&
         executionStatus == ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE) {
+        if (skipped != nullptr) {
+            *skipped = true;
+        }
+        if (!testConfig.reportSkipping) {
+            return;
+        }
         LOG(INFO) << "NN VTS: Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
                      "execute model that it does not support.";
         std::cout << "[          ]   Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
@@ -284,7 +623,7 @@
                   << std::endl;
         GTEST_SKIP();
     }
-    if (measure == MeasureTiming::NO) {
+    if (testConfig.measureTiming == MeasureTiming::NO) {
         EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeOnDevice);
         EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeInDriver);
     } else {
@@ -293,7 +632,7 @@
         }
     }
 
-    switch (outputType) {
+    switch (testConfig.outputType) {
         case OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED:
             // If the model output operands are fully specified, outputShapes must be either
             // either empty, or have the same number of elements as the number of outputs.
@@ -323,71 +662,146 @@
     }
 
     // Retrieve execution results.
-    const std::vector<TestBuffer> outputs = getOutputBuffers(request);
+    const std::vector<TestBuffer> outputs = getOutputBuffers(testModel, request, buffers);
 
     // We want "close-enough" results.
     checkResults(testModel, outputs);
 }
 
-void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const TestModel& testModel,
-                           bool testDynamicOutputShape) {
-    if (testDynamicOutputShape) {
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::UNSPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::INSUFFICIENT);
-    } else {
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::NO,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::ASYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::SYNC, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
-        EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, Executor::BURST, MeasureTiming::YES,
-                              OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED);
+void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                           const TestModel& testModel, TestKind testKind) {
+    std::vector<OutputType> outputTypesList;
+    std::vector<MeasureTiming> measureTimingList;
+    std::vector<Executor> executorList;
+    MemoryType memoryType = MemoryType::SHARED;
+
+    switch (testKind) {
+        case TestKind::GENERAL: {
+            outputTypesList = {OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED};
+            measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+            executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::BURST};
+        } break;
+        case TestKind::DYNAMIC_SHAPE: {
+            outputTypesList = {OutputType::UNSPECIFIED, OutputType::INSUFFICIENT};
+            measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+            executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::BURST};
+        } break;
+        case TestKind::MEMORY_DOMAIN: {
+            outputTypesList = {OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED};
+            measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO};
+            executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC};
+            memoryType = MemoryType::DEVICE;
+        } break;
+        case TestKind::FENCED_COMPUTE: {
+            outputTypesList = {OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED};
+            measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+            executorList = {Executor::FENCED};
+        } break;
+        case TestKind::QUANTIZATION_COUPLING: {
+            LOG(FATAL) << "Wrong TestKind for EvaluatePreparedModel";
+            return;
+        } break;
+    }
+
+    for (const OutputType outputType : outputTypesList) {
+        for (const MeasureTiming measureTiming : measureTimingList) {
+            for (const Executor executor : executorList) {
+                const TestConfig testConfig(executor, measureTiming, outputType, memoryType);
+                EvaluatePreparedModel(device, preparedModel, testModel, testConfig);
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
-void Execute(const sp<IDevice>& device, const TestModel& testModel, bool testDynamicOutputShape) {
+void EvaluatePreparedCoupledModels(const sp<IDevice>& device,
+                                   const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                                   const TestModel& testModel,
+                                   const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedCoupledModel,
+                                   const TestModel& coupledModel) {
+    const std::vector<OutputType> outputTypesList = {OutputType::FULLY_SPECIFIED};
+    const std::vector<MeasureTiming> measureTimingList = {MeasureTiming::NO, MeasureTiming::YES};
+    const std::vector<Executor> executorList = {Executor::ASYNC, Executor::SYNC, Executor::BURST,
+                                                Executor::FENCED};
+
+    for (const OutputType outputType : outputTypesList) {
+        for (const MeasureTiming measureTiming : measureTimingList) {
+            for (const Executor executor : executorList) {
+                const TestConfig testConfig(executor, measureTiming, outputType, MemoryType::SHARED,
+                                            /*reportSkipping=*/false);
+                bool baseSkipped = false;
+                EvaluatePreparedModel(device, preparedModel, testModel, testConfig, &baseSkipped);
+                bool coupledSkipped = false;
+                EvaluatePreparedModel(device, preparedCoupledModel, coupledModel, testConfig,
+                                      &coupledSkipped);
+                ASSERT_EQ(baseSkipped, coupledSkipped);
+                if (baseSkipped) {
+                    LOG(INFO) << "NN VTS: Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
+                                 "execute model that it does not support.";
+                    std::cout << "[          ]   Early termination of test because vendor service "
+                                 "cannot "
+                                 "execute model that it does not support."
+                              << std::endl;
+                    GTEST_SKIP();
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void Execute(const sp<IDevice>& device, const TestModel& testModel, TestKind testKind) {
     Model model = createModel(testModel);
-    if (testDynamicOutputShape) {
+    if (testKind == TestKind::DYNAMIC_SHAPE) {
         makeOutputDimensionsUnspecified(&model);
     }
 
     sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel;
-    createPreparedModel(device, model, &preparedModel);
-    if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
-
-    EvaluatePreparedModel(preparedModel, testModel, testDynamicOutputShape);
+    switch (testKind) {
+        case TestKind::GENERAL:
+        case TestKind::DYNAMIC_SHAPE:
+        case TestKind::MEMORY_DOMAIN:
+        case TestKind::FENCED_COMPUTE: {
+            createPreparedModel(device, model, &preparedModel);
+            if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+            EvaluatePreparedModel(device, preparedModel, testModel, testKind);
+        } break;
+        case TestKind::QUANTIZATION_COUPLING: {
+            ASSERT_TRUE(testModel.hasQuant8CoupledOperands());
+            createPreparedModel(device, model, &preparedModel,
+                                /*reportSkipping*/ false);
+            TestModel signedQuantizedModel = convertQuant8AsymmOperandsToSigned(testModel);
+            sp<IPreparedModel> preparedCoupledModel;
+            createPreparedModel(device, createModel(signedQuantizedModel), &preparedCoupledModel,
+                                /*reportSkipping*/ false);
+            // If we couldn't prepare a model with unsigned quantization, we must
+            // fail to prepare a model with signed quantization as well.
+            if (preparedModel == nullptr) {
+                ASSERT_EQ(preparedCoupledModel, nullptr);
+                // If we failed to prepare both of the models, we can safely skip
+                // the test.
+                LOG(INFO) << "NN VTS: Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
+                             "prepare model that it does not support.";
+                std::cout
+                        << "[          ]   Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
+                           "prepare model that it does not support."
+                        << std::endl;
+                GTEST_SKIP();
+            }
+            ASSERT_NE(preparedCoupledModel, nullptr);
+            EvaluatePreparedCoupledModels(device, preparedModel, testModel, preparedCoupledModel,
+                                          signedQuantizedModel);
+        } break;
+    }
 }
 
 void GeneratedTestBase::SetUp() {
     testing::TestWithParam<GeneratedTestParam>::SetUp();
     ASSERT_NE(kDevice, nullptr);
+
+    const Return<void> ret =
+            kDevice->supportsDeadlines([this](bool prepareModelDeadline, bool executionDeadline) {
+                mSupportsDeadlines = {prepareModelDeadline, executionDeadline};
+            });
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
 std::vector<NamedModel> getNamedModels(const FilterFn& filter) {
@@ -405,18 +819,50 @@
 // Tag for the dynamic output shape tests
 class DynamicOutputShapeTest : public GeneratedTest {};
 
+// Tag for the memory domain tests
+class MemoryDomainTest : public GeneratedTest {};
+
+// Tag for the fenced compute tests
+class FencedComputeTest : public GeneratedTest {};
+
+// Tag for the dynamic output shape tests
+class QuantizationCouplingTest : public GeneratedTest {};
+
 TEST_P(GeneratedTest, Test) {
-    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/false);
+    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::GENERAL);
 }
 
 TEST_P(DynamicOutputShapeTest, Test) {
-    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, /*testDynamicOutputShape=*/true);
+    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::DYNAMIC_SHAPE);
+}
+
+TEST_P(MemoryDomainTest, Test) {
+    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::MEMORY_DOMAIN);
+}
+
+TEST_P(FencedComputeTest, Test) {
+    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::FENCED_COMPUTE);
+}
+
+TEST_P(QuantizationCouplingTest, Test) {
+    Execute(kDevice, kTestModel, /*testKind=*/TestKind::QUANTIZATION_COUPLING);
 }
 
 INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(GeneratedTest,
                            [](const TestModel& testModel) { return !testModel.expectFailure; });
 
-INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(DynamicOutputShapeTest,
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(DynamicOutputShapeTest, [](const TestModel& testModel) {
+    return !testModel.expectFailure && !testModel.hasScalarOutputs();
+});
+
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(MemoryDomainTest,
                            [](const TestModel& testModel) { return !testModel.expectFailure; });
 
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(FencedComputeTest,
+                           [](const TestModel& testModel) { return !testModel.expectFailure; });
+
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(QuantizationCouplingTest, [](const TestModel& testModel) {
+    return testModel.hasQuant8CoupledOperands() && testModel.operations.size() == 1;
+});
+
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
index b9277cf..e597fac 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/GeneratedTestHarness.h
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_GENERATED_TEST_HARNESS_H
 #define ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_GENERATED_TEST_HARNESS_H
 
-#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/IPreparedModel.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IDevice.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModel.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.h>
 #include <functional>
 #include <vector>
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@
     void SetUp() override;
     const sp<IDevice> kDevice = getData(std::get<NamedDevice>(GetParam()));
     const test_helper::TestModel& kTestModel = *getData(std::get<NamedModel>(GetParam()));
+    std::pair<bool, bool> mSupportsDeadlines;
 };
 
 using FilterFn = std::function<bool(const test_helper::TestModel&)>;
@@ -55,11 +56,25 @@
 
 Model createModel(const test_helper::TestModel& testModel);
 
-void PrepareModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model,
-                  sp<V1_2::IPreparedModel>* preparedModel);
+void PrepareModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model, sp<IPreparedModel>* preparedModel);
 
-void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<V1_2::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
-                           const test_helper::TestModel& testModel, bool testDynamicOutputShape);
+enum class TestKind {
+    // Runs a test model and compares the results to a golden data
+    GENERAL,
+    // Same as GENERAL but sets dimensions for the output tensors to zeros
+    DYNAMIC_SHAPE,
+    // Same as GENERAL but use device memories for inputs and outputs
+    MEMORY_DOMAIN,
+    // Same as GENERAL but use executeFenced for exeuction
+    FENCED_COMPUTE,
+    // Tests if quantized model with TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM produces the same result
+    // (OK/SKIPPED/FAILED) as the model with all such tensors converted to
+    // TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED.
+    QUANTIZATION_COUPLING
+};
+
+void EvaluatePreparedModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                           const test_helper::TestModel& testModel, TestKind testKind);
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
 
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/QualityOfServiceTests.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/QualityOfServiceTests.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..62ffcda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/QualityOfServiceTests.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,299 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "1.0/Utils.h"
+#include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
+#include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
+
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
+
+using implementation::ExecutionCallback;
+using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
+using test_helper::TestBuffer;
+using test_helper::TestModel;
+using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
+using V1_2::MeasureTiming;
+using V1_2::OutputShape;
+using V1_2::Timing;
+
+using HidlToken =
+        hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(V1_2::Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
+
+enum class DeadlineBoundType { NOW, UNLIMITED };
+constexpr std::array<DeadlineBoundType, 2> deadlineBounds = {DeadlineBoundType::NOW,
+                                                             DeadlineBoundType::UNLIMITED};
+std::string toString(DeadlineBoundType type) {
+    switch (type) {
+        case DeadlineBoundType::NOW:
+            return "NOW";
+        case DeadlineBoundType::UNLIMITED:
+            return "UNLIMITED";
+    }
+    LOG(FATAL) << "Unrecognized DeadlineBoundType: " << static_cast<int>(type);
+    return {};
+}
+
+using Results = std::tuple<ErrorStatus, hidl_vec<OutputShape>, Timing>;
+using MaybeResults = std::optional<Results>;
+
+using ExecutionFunction =
+        std::function<MaybeResults(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request,
+                                   DeadlineBoundType deadlineBound)>;
+
+static OptionalTimePoint makeOptionalTimePoint(DeadlineBoundType deadlineBoundType) {
+    OptionalTimePoint deadline;
+    switch (deadlineBoundType) {
+        case DeadlineBoundType::NOW: {
+            const auto currentTime = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+            const auto currentTimeInNanoseconds =
+                    std::chrono::time_point_cast<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(currentTime);
+            const uint64_t nanosecondsSinceEpoch =
+                    currentTimeInNanoseconds.time_since_epoch().count();
+            deadline.nanoseconds(nanosecondsSinceEpoch);
+        } break;
+        case DeadlineBoundType::UNLIMITED: {
+            uint64_t unlimited = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max();
+            deadline.nanoseconds(unlimited);
+        } break;
+    }
+    return deadline;
+}
+
+void runPrepareModelTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model, Priority priority,
+                         std::optional<DeadlineBoundType> deadlineBound) {
+    OptionalTimePoint deadline;
+    if (deadlineBound.has_value()) {
+        deadline = makeOptionalTimePoint(deadlineBound.value());
+    }
+
+    // see if service can handle model
+    bool fullySupportsModel = false;
+    const Return<void> supportedCall = device->getSupportedOperations_1_3(
+            model, [&fullySupportsModel](ErrorStatus status, const hidl_vec<bool>& supported) {
+                ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
+                ASSERT_NE(0ul, supported.size());
+                fullySupportsModel = std::all_of(supported.begin(), supported.end(),
+                                                 [](bool valid) { return valid; });
+            });
+    ASSERT_TRUE(supportedCall.isOk());
+
+    // launch prepare model
+    const sp<PreparedModelCallback> preparedModelCallback = new PreparedModelCallback();
+    const Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus = device->prepareModel_1_3(
+            model, ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER, priority, deadline,
+            hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), HidlToken(), preparedModelCallback);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(prepareLaunchStatus.isOk());
+    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(prepareLaunchStatus));
+
+    // retrieve prepared model
+    preparedModelCallback->wait();
+    const ErrorStatus prepareReturnStatus = preparedModelCallback->getStatus();
+    const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> preparedModelV1_0 = preparedModelCallback->getPreparedModel();
+    const sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel =
+            IPreparedModel::castFrom(preparedModelV1_0).withDefault(nullptr);
+
+    // The getSupportedOperations_1_3 call returns a list of operations that are
+    // guaranteed not to fail if prepareModel_1_3 is called, and
+    // 'fullySupportsModel' is true i.f.f. the entire model is guaranteed.
+    // If a driver has any doubt that it can prepare an operation, it must
+    // return false. So here, if a driver isn't sure if it can support an
+    // operation, but reports that it successfully prepared the model, the test
+    // can continue.
+    if (!fullySupportsModel && prepareReturnStatus != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
+        ASSERT_EQ(nullptr, preparedModel.get());
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // verify return status
+    if (!deadlineBound.has_value()) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, prepareReturnStatus);
+    } else {
+        switch (deadlineBound.value()) {
+            case DeadlineBoundType::NOW:
+                // If the execution was launched with a deadline of NOW, the
+                // deadline has already passed when the driver would launch the
+                // execution. In this case, the driver must return
+                // MISSED_DEADLINE_*.
+                EXPECT_TRUE(prepareReturnStatus == ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT ||
+                            prepareReturnStatus == ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT);
+                break;
+            case DeadlineBoundType::UNLIMITED:
+                // If an unlimited deadline is supplied, we expect the execution to
+                // proceed normally. In this case, check it normally by breaking out
+                // of the switch statement.
+                EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, prepareReturnStatus);
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    ASSERT_EQ(prepareReturnStatus == ErrorStatus::NONE, preparedModel.get() != nullptr);
+}
+
+void runPrepareModelTests(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model,
+                          bool supportsPrepareModelDeadline) {
+    // test priority
+    for (auto priority : hidl_enum_range<Priority>{}) {
+        SCOPED_TRACE("priority: " + toString(priority));
+        if (priority == kDefaultPriority) continue;
+        runPrepareModelTest(device, model, priority, {});
+    }
+
+    // test deadline
+    if (supportsPrepareModelDeadline) {
+        for (auto deadlineBound : deadlineBounds) {
+            SCOPED_TRACE("deadlineBound: " + toString(deadlineBound));
+            runPrepareModelTest(device, model, kDefaultPriority, deadlineBound);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static MaybeResults executeAsynchronously(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                                          const Request& request, DeadlineBoundType deadlineBound) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE("asynchronous");
+    const MeasureTiming measure = MeasureTiming::NO;
+    const OptionalTimePoint deadline = makeOptionalTimePoint(deadlineBound);
+
+    // launch execution
+    const sp<ExecutionCallback> callback = new ExecutionCallback();
+    Return<ErrorStatus> ret = preparedModel->execute_1_3(request, measure, deadline, callback);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, ret.withDefault(ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE));
+    if (!ret.isOk() || ret != ErrorStatus::NONE) return std::nullopt;
+
+    // retrieve execution results
+    callback->wait();
+    const ErrorStatus status = callback->getStatus();
+    hidl_vec<OutputShape> outputShapes = callback->getOutputShapes();
+    const Timing timing = callback->getTiming();
+
+    // return results
+    return Results{status, std::move(outputShapes), timing};
+}
+
+static MaybeResults executeSynchronously(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel,
+                                         const Request& request, DeadlineBoundType deadlineBound) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE("synchronous");
+    const MeasureTiming measure = MeasureTiming::NO;
+    const OptionalTimePoint deadline = makeOptionalTimePoint(deadlineBound);
+
+    // configure results callback
+    MaybeResults results;
+    const auto cb = [&results](const auto&... args) { *results = {args...}; };
+
+    // run execution
+    const Return<void> ret =
+            preparedModel->executeSynchronously_1_3(request, measure, deadline, cb);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    if (!ret.isOk()) return std::nullopt;
+
+    // return results
+    return results;
+}
+
+void runExecutionTest(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const TestModel& testModel,
+                      const Request& request, bool synchronous, DeadlineBoundType deadlineBound) {
+    const ExecutionFunction execute = synchronous ? executeSynchronously : executeAsynchronously;
+
+    // Perform execution and unpack results.
+    const auto results = execute(preparedModel, request, deadlineBound);
+    if (!results.has_value()) return;
+    const auto& [status, outputShapes, timing] = results.value();
+
+    // Verify no timing information was returned
+    EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeOnDevice);
+    EXPECT_EQ(UINT64_MAX, timing.timeInDriver);
+
+    // Validate deadline information if applicable.
+    switch (deadlineBound) {
+        case DeadlineBoundType::NOW:
+            // If the execution was launched with a deadline of NOW, the
+            // deadline has already passed when the driver would launch the
+            // execution. In this case, the driver must return
+            // MISSED_DEADLINE_*.
+            ASSERT_TRUE(status == ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_TRANSIENT ||
+                        status == ErrorStatus::MISSED_DEADLINE_PERSISTENT);
+            return;
+        case DeadlineBoundType::UNLIMITED:
+            // If an unlimited deadline is supplied, we expect the execution to
+            // proceed normally. In this case, check it normally by breaking out
+            // of the switch statement.
+            ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
+            break;
+    }
+
+    // If the model output operands are fully specified, outputShapes must be either
+    // either empty, or have the same number of elements as the number of outputs.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(outputShapes.size() == 0 || outputShapes.size() == testModel.outputIndexes.size());
+
+    // Go through all outputs, check returned output shapes.
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < outputShapes.size(); i++) {
+        EXPECT_TRUE(outputShapes[i].isSufficient);
+        const auto& expect = testModel.operands[testModel.outputIndexes[i]].dimensions;
+        const std::vector<uint32_t> actual = outputShapes[i].dimensions;
+        EXPECT_EQ(expect, actual);
+    }
+
+    // Retrieve execution results.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(nn::compliantWithV1_0(request));
+    const V1_0::Request request10 = nn::convertToV1_0(request);
+    const std::vector<TestBuffer> outputs = getOutputBuffers(request10);
+
+    // We want "close-enough" results.
+    checkResults(testModel, outputs);
+}
+
+void runExecutionTests(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const TestModel& testModel,
+                       const Request& request) {
+    for (bool synchronous : {false, true}) {
+        for (auto deadlineBound : deadlineBounds) {
+            runExecutionTest(preparedModel, testModel, request, synchronous, deadlineBound);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void runTests(const sp<IDevice>& device, const TestModel& testModel,
+              std::pair<bool, bool> supportsDeadlines) {
+    // setup
+    const auto [supportsPrepareModelDeadline, supportsExecutionDeadline] = supportsDeadlines;
+    if (!supportsPrepareModelDeadline && !supportsExecutionDeadline) return;
+    const Model model = createModel(testModel);
+
+    // run prepare model tests
+    runPrepareModelTests(device, model, supportsPrepareModelDeadline);
+
+    if (supportsExecutionDeadline) {
+        // prepare model
+        sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel;
+        createPreparedModel(device, model, &preparedModel);
+        if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
+
+        // run execution tests
+        const Request request = nn::convertToV1_3(createRequest(testModel));
+        runExecutionTests(preparedModel, testModel, request);
+    }
+}
+
+class DeadlineTest : public GeneratedTestBase {};
+
+TEST_P(DeadlineTest, Test) {
+    runTests(kDevice, kTestModel, mSupportsDeadlines);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(DeadlineTest,
+                           [](const TestModel& testModel) { return !testModel.expectFailure; });
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/TestAssertions.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/TestAssertions.cpp
index 7361078..a7569e6 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/TestAssertions.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/TestAssertions.cpp
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@
 #define CHECK_TEST_ENUM(EnumType, enumValue) \
     static_assert(static_cast<EnumType>(Test##EnumType::enumValue) == EnumType::enumValue)
 
-using V1_2::OperationType;
-
 CHECK_TEST_ENUM(OperandType, FLOAT32);
 CHECK_TEST_ENUM(OperandType, INT32);
 CHECK_TEST_ENUM(OperandType, UINT32);
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Utils.cpp
similarity index 69%
copy from vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
copy to neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Utils.cpp
index 76281bc..23e2af8 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/Utils.cpp
@@ -14,8 +14,14 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package android.hardware.vibrator@1.4;
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
 
-interface IVibratorCallback {
-    oneway onComplete();
-};
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3 {
+
+::std::ostream& operator<<(::std::ostream& os, ErrorStatus errorStatus) {
+    return os << toString(errorStatus);
+}
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
index 2c97294..6ff9dfd 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateBurst.cpp
@@ -34,13 +34,11 @@
 using nn::ExecutionBurstController;
 using nn::RequestChannelSender;
 using nn::ResultChannelReceiver;
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
 using V1_0::Request;
 using V1_2::FmqRequestDatum;
 using V1_2::FmqResultDatum;
 using V1_2::IBurstCallback;
 using V1_2::IBurstContext;
-using V1_2::IPreparedModel;
 using V1_2::MeasureTiming;
 using V1_2::Timing;
 using ExecutionBurstCallback = ExecutionBurstController::ExecutionBurstCallback;
@@ -81,16 +79,17 @@
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, fmqResultDescriptor);
 
     // configure burst
-    ErrorStatus errorStatus;
+    V1_0::ErrorStatus errorStatus;
     sp<IBurstContext> burstContext;
     const Return<void> ret = preparedModel->configureExecutionBurst(
             callback, *fmqRequestDescriptor, *fmqResultDescriptor,
-            [&errorStatus, &burstContext](ErrorStatus status, const sp<IBurstContext>& context) {
+            [&errorStatus, &burstContext](V1_0::ErrorStatus status,
+                                          const sp<IBurstContext>& context) {
                 errorStatus = status;
                 burstContext = context;
             });
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, errorStatus);
+    ASSERT_EQ(V1_0::ErrorStatus::NONE, errorStatus);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, burstContext.get());
 
     // return values
@@ -145,7 +144,7 @@
     auto results = receiver->getBlocking();
     ASSERT_TRUE(results.has_value());
     const auto [status, outputShapes, timing] = std::move(*results);
-    EXPECT_NE(ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
+    EXPECT_NE(V1_0::ErrorStatus::NONE, status);
     EXPECT_EQ(0u, outputShapes.size());
     EXPECT_TRUE(badTiming(timing));
 }
@@ -303,14 +302,15 @@
     // collect serialized result by running regular burst
     const auto [nRegular, outputShapesRegular, timingRegular, fallbackRegular] =
             controllerRegular->compute(request, MeasureTiming::NO, keys);
-    const ErrorStatus statusRegular = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nRegular);
+    const V1_0::ErrorStatus statusRegular =
+            nn::convertToV1_0(nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nRegular));
     EXPECT_FALSE(fallbackRegular);
 
     // skip test if regular burst output isn't useful for testing a failure
     // caused by having too small of a length for the result FMQ
     const std::vector<FmqResultDatum> serialized =
             android::nn::serialize(statusRegular, outputShapesRegular, timingRegular);
-    if (statusRegular != ErrorStatus::NONE ||
+    if (statusRegular != V1_0::ErrorStatus::NONE ||
         serialized.size() <= kExecutionBurstChannelSmallLength) {
         return;
     }
@@ -319,8 +319,9 @@
     // large enough to return the serialized result
     const auto [nSmall, outputShapesSmall, timingSmall, fallbackSmall] =
             controllerSmall->compute(request, MeasureTiming::NO, keys);
-    const ErrorStatus statusSmall = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nSmall);
-    EXPECT_NE(ErrorStatus::NONE, statusSmall);
+    const V1_0::ErrorStatus statusSmall =
+            nn::convertToV1_0(nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(nSmall));
+    EXPECT_NE(V1_0::ErrorStatus::NONE, statusSmall);
     EXPECT_EQ(0u, outputShapesSmall.size());
     EXPECT_TRUE(badTiming(timingSmall));
     EXPECT_FALSE(fallbackSmall);
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
index 44b32a9..1245432 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateModel.cpp
@@ -17,20 +17,16 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "neuralnetworks_hidl_hal_test"
 
 #include "1.0/Utils.h"
-#include "1.2/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
 #include "VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h"
 
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
 
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
-using V1_0::OperandLifeTime;
+using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
-using V1_2::IPreparedModel;
-using V1_2::OperationType;
-using V1_2::OperationTypeRange;
 using V1_2::SymmPerChannelQuantParams;
-using V1_2::implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 using HidlToken =
         hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(V1_2::Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
 
@@ -48,20 +44,26 @@
 }
 
 static void validatePrepareModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message,
-                                 const Model& model, ExecutionPreference preference) {
+                                 const Model& model, ExecutionPreference preference,
+                                 bool testDeadline) {
     SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [prepareModel_1_3]");
 
+    OptionalTimePoint deadline;
+    if (testDeadline) {
+        deadline.nanoseconds(std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+    }
+
     sp<PreparedModelCallback> preparedModelCallback = new PreparedModelCallback();
-    Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus =
-            device->prepareModel_1_3(model, preference, hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(),
-                                     hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), HidlToken(), preparedModelCallback);
+    Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus = device->prepareModel_1_3(
+            model, preference, kDefaultPriority, deadline, hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(),
+            hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), HidlToken(), preparedModelCallback);
     ASSERT_TRUE(prepareLaunchStatus.isOk());
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(prepareLaunchStatus));
 
     preparedModelCallback->wait();
     ErrorStatus prepareReturnStatus = preparedModelCallback->getStatus();
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, prepareReturnStatus);
-    sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel = getPreparedModel_1_2(preparedModelCallback);
+    sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel = getPreparedModel_1_3(preparedModelCallback);
     ASSERT_EQ(nullptr, preparedModel.get());
 }
 
@@ -77,31 +79,32 @@
 // to the model does not leave this function.
 static void validate(const sp<IDevice>& device, const std::string& message, Model model,
                      const std::function<void(Model*)>& mutation,
-                     ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER) {
+                     ExecutionPreference preference = ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER,
+                     bool testDeadline = false) {
     mutation(&model);
-    if (validExecutionPreference(preference)) {
+    if (validExecutionPreference(preference) && !testDeadline) {
         validateGetSupportedOperations(device, message, model);
     }
-    validatePrepareModel(device, message, model, preference);
+    validatePrepareModel(device, message, model, preference, testDeadline);
 }
 
 static uint32_t addOperand(Model* model) {
-    return hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operands,
+    return hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.operands,
                               {
                                       .type = OperandType::INT32,
                                       .dimensions = {},
                                       .numberOfConsumers = 0,
                                       .scale = 0.0f,
                                       .zeroPoint = 0,
-                                      .lifetime = OperandLifeTime::MODEL_INPUT,
+                                      .lifetime = OperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_INPUT,
                                       .location = {.poolIndex = 0, .offset = 0, .length = 0},
                               });
 }
 
 static uint32_t addOperand(Model* model, OperandLifeTime lifetime) {
     uint32_t index = addOperand(model);
-    model->operands[index].numberOfConsumers = 1;
-    model->operands[index].lifetime = lifetime;
+    model->main.operands[index].numberOfConsumers = 1;
+    model->main.operands[index].lifetime = lifetime;
     return index;
 }
 
@@ -115,13 +118,13 @@
 };
 
 static void mutateOperandTypeTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
+    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.main.operands.size(); ++operand) {
         for (uint32_t invalidOperandType : invalidOperandTypes) {
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandTypeTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperandType);
             validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                model->operands[operand].type = static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
+                model->main.operands[operand].type = static_cast<OperandType>(invalidOperandType);
             });
         }
     }
@@ -153,15 +156,15 @@
 }
 
 static void mutateOperandRankTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
-        const uint32_t invalidRank = getInvalidRank(model.operands[operand].type);
+    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.main.operands.size(); ++operand) {
+        const uint32_t invalidRank = getInvalidRank(model.main.operands[operand].type);
         if (invalidRank == 0) {
             continue;
         }
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandRankTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has rank of " + std::to_string(invalidRank);
         validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidRank](Model* model) {
-            model->operands[operand].dimensions = std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
+            model->main.operands[operand].dimensions = std::vector<uint32_t>(invalidRank, 0);
         });
     }
 }
@@ -193,12 +196,12 @@
 }
 
 static void mutateOperandScaleTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
-        const float invalidScale = getInvalidScale(model.operands[operand].type);
+    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.main.operands.size(); ++operand) {
+        const float invalidScale = getInvalidScale(model.main.operands[operand].type);
         const std::string message = "mutateOperandScaleTest: operand " + std::to_string(operand) +
                                     " has scale of " + std::to_string(invalidScale);
         validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidScale](Model* model) {
-            model->operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
+            model->main.operands[operand].scale = invalidScale;
         });
     }
 }
@@ -232,15 +235,15 @@
 }
 
 static void mutateOperandZeroPointTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
+    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.main.operands.size(); ++operand) {
         const std::vector<int32_t> invalidZeroPoints =
-                getInvalidZeroPoints(model.operands[operand].type);
+                getInvalidZeroPoints(model.main.operands[operand].type);
         for (int32_t invalidZeroPoint : invalidZeroPoints) {
             const std::string message = "mutateOperandZeroPointTest: operand " +
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " has zero point of " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidZeroPoint);
             validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidZeroPoint](Model* model) {
-                model->operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
+                model->main.operands[operand].zeroPoint = invalidZeroPoint;
             });
         }
     }
@@ -313,11 +316,11 @@
 
 static bool mutateOperationOperandTypeSkip(size_t operand, OperandType type, const Model& model) {
     // Do not test OEM types
-    if (type == model.operands[operand].type || type == OperandType::OEM ||
+    if (type == model.main.operands[operand].type || type == OperandType::OEM ||
         type == OperandType::TENSOR_OEM_BYTE) {
         return true;
     }
-    for (const Operation& operation : model.operations) {
+    for (const Operation& operation : model.main.operations) {
         // Skip mutateOperationOperandTypeTest for the following operations.
         // - LSH_PROJECTION's second argument is allowed to have any type.
         // - ARGMIN and ARGMAX's first argument can be any of
@@ -325,13 +328,16 @@
         // - CAST's argument can be any of TENSOR_(FLOAT16|FLOAT32|INT32|QUANT8_ASYMM).
         // - RANDOM_MULTINOMIAL's argument can be either TENSOR_FLOAT16 or TENSOR_FLOAT32.
         // - DEQUANTIZE input can be any of
-        // TENSOR_(QUANT8_ASYMM|QUANT8_SYMM|QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL), output can
-        // be of either TENSOR_FLOAT16 or TENSOR_FLOAT32.
+        // TENSOR_(QUANT8_ASYMM|QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED|QUANT8_SYMM|QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL),
+        // output can be of either TENSOR_FLOAT16 or TENSOR_FLOAT32.
         // - QUANTIZE input can be either TENSOR_FLOAT16 or TENSOR_FLOAT32
         // - CONV_2D filter type (arg 1) can be QUANT8_ASYMM or QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL
         // - DEPTHWISE_CONV_2D filter type (arg 1) can be QUANT8_ASYMM or QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL
         // - GROUPED_CONV_2D filter type (arg 1) can be QUANT8_ASYMM or QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL
         // - TRANSPOSE_CONV_2D filter type (arg 1) can be QUANT8_ASYMM or QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL
+        // - AXIS_ALIGNED_BBOX_TRANSFORM bounding boxes (arg 1) can be of
+        //     TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM or TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED.
+        // - RANK's input can have any TENSOR_* type.
         switch (operation.type) {
             case OperationType::LSH_PROJECTION: {
                 if (operand == operation.inputs[1]) {
@@ -342,11 +348,22 @@
             case OperationType::ARGMAX:
             case OperationType::ARGMIN: {
                 if (type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16 || type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32 ||
-                    type == OperandType::TENSOR_INT32 || type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM) {
+                    type == OperandType::TENSOR_INT32 || type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM ||
+                    type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED) {
                     return true;
                 }
             } break;
-            case OperationType::QUANTIZE:
+            case OperationType::QUANTIZE: {
+                if (operand == operation.inputs[0] &&
+                    (type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16 || type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+                if (operand == operation.outputs[0] &&
+                    (type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            } break;
             case OperationType::RANDOM_MULTINOMIAL: {
                 if (operand == operation.inputs[0] &&
                     (type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16 || type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32)) {
@@ -356,6 +373,7 @@
             case OperationType::DEQUANTIZE: {
                 if (operand == operation.inputs[0] &&
                     (type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED ||
                      type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM ||
                      type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL)) {
                     return true;
@@ -375,6 +393,27 @@
                     return true;
                 }
             } break;
+            case OperationType::AXIS_ALIGNED_BBOX_TRANSFORM: {
+                if (operand == operation.inputs[1] &&
+                    (type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            } break;
+            case OperationType::RANK: {
+                if (operand == operation.inputs[0] &&
+                    (type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT16 || type == OperandType::TENSOR_FLOAT32 ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_INT32 ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_SYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_BOOL8 ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM_PER_CHANNEL ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT16_ASYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_SYMM ||
+                     type == OperandType::TENSOR_QUANT8_ASYMM_SIGNED)) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            } break;
             default:
                 break;
         }
@@ -383,7 +422,7 @@
 }
 
 static void mutateOperationOperandTypeTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
+    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.main.operands.size(); ++operand) {
         for (OperandType invalidOperandType : hidl_enum_range<OperandType>{}) {
             if (mutateOperationOperandTypeSkip(operand, invalidOperandType, model)) {
                 continue;
@@ -392,7 +431,7 @@
                                         std::to_string(operand) + " set to type " +
                                         toString(invalidOperandType);
             validate(device, message, model, [operand, invalidOperandType](Model* model) {
-                mutateOperand(&model->operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
+                mutateOperand(&model->main.operands[operand], invalidOperandType);
             });
         }
     }
@@ -407,13 +446,13 @@
 };
 
 static void mutateOperationTypeTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         for (uint32_t invalidOperationType : invalidOperationTypes) {
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationTypeTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " set to value " +
                                         std::to_string(invalidOperationType);
             validate(device, message, model, [operation, invalidOperationType](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].type =
+                model->main.operations[operation].type =
                         static_cast<OperationType>(invalidOperationType);
             });
         }
@@ -423,14 +462,14 @@
 ///////////////////////// VALIDATE MODEL OPERATION INPUT OPERAND INDEX /////////////////////////
 
 static void mutateOperationInputOperandIndexTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
-        const uint32_t invalidOperand = model.operands.size();
-        for (size_t input = 0; input < model.operations[operation].inputs.size(); ++input) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+        const uint32_t invalidOperand = model.main.operands.size();
+        for (size_t input = 0; input < model.main.operations[operation].inputs.size(); ++input) {
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationInputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
             validate(device, message, model, [operation, input, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
+                model->main.operations[operation].inputs[input] = invalidOperand;
             });
         }
     }
@@ -439,14 +478,15 @@
 ///////////////////////// VALIDATE MODEL OPERATION OUTPUT OPERAND INDEX /////////////////////////
 
 static void mutateOperationOutputOperandIndexTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
-        const uint32_t invalidOperand = model.operands.size();
-        for (size_t output = 0; output < model.operations[operation].outputs.size(); ++output) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+        const uint32_t invalidOperand = model.main.operands.size();
+        for (size_t output = 0; output < model.main.operations[operation].outputs.size();
+             ++output) {
             const std::string message = "mutateOperationOutputOperandIndexTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + " output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
             validate(device, message, model, [operation, output, invalidOperand](Model* model) {
-                model->operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
+                model->main.operations[operation].outputs[output] = invalidOperand;
             });
         }
     }
@@ -467,17 +507,17 @@
 }
 
 static void removeOperand(Model* model, uint32_t index) {
-    hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operands, index);
-    for (Operation& operation : model->operations) {
+    hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->main.operands, index);
+    for (Operation& operation : model->main.operations) {
         removeValueAndDecrementGreaterValues(&operation.inputs, index);
         removeValueAndDecrementGreaterValues(&operation.outputs, index);
     }
-    removeValueAndDecrementGreaterValues(&model->inputIndexes, index);
-    removeValueAndDecrementGreaterValues(&model->outputIndexes, index);
+    removeValueAndDecrementGreaterValues(&model->main.inputIndexes, index);
+    removeValueAndDecrementGreaterValues(&model->main.outputIndexes, index);
 }
 
 static bool removeOperandSkip(size_t operand, const Model& model) {
-    for (const Operation& operation : model.operations) {
+    for (const Operation& operation : model.main.operations) {
         // Skip removeOperandTest for the following operations.
         // - SPLIT's outputs are not checked during prepareModel.
         if (operation.type == OperationType::SPLIT) {
@@ -502,7 +542,7 @@
 }
 
 static void removeOperandTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.operands.size(); ++operand) {
+    for (size_t operand = 0; operand < model.main.operands.size(); ++operand) {
         if (removeOperandSkip(operand, model)) {
             continue;
         }
@@ -515,14 +555,14 @@
 ///////////////////////// REMOVE OPERATION /////////////////////////
 
 static void removeOperation(Model* model, uint32_t index) {
-    for (uint32_t operand : model->operations[index].inputs) {
-        model->operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
+    for (uint32_t operand : model->main.operations[index].inputs) {
+        model->main.operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
     }
-    hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations, index);
+    hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->main.operations, index);
 }
 
 static void removeOperationTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message = "removeOperationTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
         validate(device, message, model,
                  [operation](Model* model) { removeOperation(model, operation); });
@@ -597,9 +637,9 @@
 }
 
 static void removeOperationInputTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
-        for (size_t input = 0; input < model.operations[operation].inputs.size(); ++input) {
-            const Operation& op = model.operations[operation];
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+        for (size_t input = 0; input < model.main.operations[operation].inputs.size(); ++input) {
+            const Operation& op = model.main.operations[operation];
             if (removeOperationInputSkip(op, input)) {
                 continue;
             }
@@ -607,9 +647,9 @@
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", input " +
                                         std::to_string(input);
             validate(device, message, model, [operation, input](Model* model) {
-                uint32_t operand = model->operations[operation].inputs[input];
-                model->operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].inputs, input);
+                uint32_t operand = model->main.operations[operation].inputs[input];
+                model->main.operands[operand].numberOfConsumers--;
+                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->main.operations[operation].inputs, input);
             });
         }
     }
@@ -618,13 +658,14 @@
 ///////////////////////// REMOVE OPERATION OUTPUT /////////////////////////
 
 static void removeOperationOutputTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
-        for (size_t output = 0; output < model.operations[operation].outputs.size(); ++output) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+        for (size_t output = 0; output < model.main.operations[operation].outputs.size();
+             ++output) {
             const std::string message = "removeOperationOutputTest: operation " +
                                         std::to_string(operation) + ", output " +
                                         std::to_string(output);
             validate(device, message, model, [operation, output](Model* model) {
-                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->operations[operation].outputs, output);
+                hidl_vec_removeAt(&model->main.operations[operation].outputs, output);
             });
         }
     }
@@ -651,15 +692,15 @@
 }
 
 static void addOperationInputTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
-        if (addOperationInputSkip(model.operations[operation])) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+        if (addOperationInputSkip(model.main.operations[operation])) {
             continue;
         }
         const std::string message = "addOperationInputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
         validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
-            uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::MODEL_INPUT);
-            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operations[operation].inputs, index);
-            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->inputIndexes, index);
+            uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_INPUT);
+            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.operations[operation].inputs, index);
+            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.inputIndexes, index);
         });
     }
 }
@@ -667,13 +708,13 @@
 ///////////////////////// ADD OPERATION OUTPUT /////////////////////////
 
 static void addOperationOutputTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
-    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.operations.size(); ++operation) {
+    for (size_t operation = 0; operation < model.main.operations.size(); ++operation) {
         const std::string message =
                 "addOperationOutputTest: operation " + std::to_string(operation);
         validate(device, message, model, [operation](Model* model) {
-            uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::MODEL_OUTPUT);
-            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->operations[operation].outputs, index);
-            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->outputIndexes, index);
+            uint32_t index = addOperand(model, OperandLifeTime::SUBGRAPH_OUTPUT);
+            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.operations[operation].outputs, index);
+            hidl_vec_push_back(&model->main.outputIndexes, index);
         });
     }
 }
@@ -695,9 +736,19 @@
     }
 }
 
+///////////////////////// DEADLINE /////////////////////////
+
+static void deadlineTest(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
+    const std::string message = "deadlineTest: deadline not supported";
+    const auto noop = [](Model*) {};
+    validate(device, message, model, noop, ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER,
+             /*testDeadline=*/true);
+}
+
 ////////////////////////// ENTRY POINT //////////////////////////////
 
-void validateModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model) {
+void validateModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model,
+                   bool prepareModelDeadlineSupported) {
     mutateOperandTypeTest(device, model);
     mutateOperandRankTest(device, model);
     mutateOperandScaleTest(device, model);
@@ -713,6 +764,9 @@
     addOperationInputTest(device, model);
     addOperationOutputTest(device, model);
     mutateExecutionPreferenceTest(device, model);
+    if (!prepareModelDeadlineSupported) {
+        deadlineTest(device, model);
+    }
 }
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
index c00512c..2fd9b64 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/ValidateRequest.cpp
@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
 
 #define LOG_TAG "neuralnetworks_hidl_hal_test"
 
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IFencedExecutionCallback.h>
 #include <chrono>
+
 #include "1.0/Utils.h"
-#include "1.2/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
 #include "ExecutionBurstController.h"
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
@@ -27,13 +29,10 @@
 
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
 
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
-using V1_0::Request;
-using V1_2::IPreparedModel;
+using implementation::ExecutionCallback;
 using V1_2::MeasureTiming;
 using V1_2::OutputShape;
 using V1_2::Timing;
-using V1_2::implementation::ExecutionCallback;
 
 ///////////////////////// UTILITY FUNCTIONS /////////////////////////
 
@@ -46,7 +45,8 @@
 // that use the request. Note that the request here is passed by value, and any
 // mutation to the request does not leave this function.
 static void validate(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const std::string& message,
-                     Request request, const std::function<void(Request*)>& mutation) {
+                     Request request, const std::function<void(Request*)>& mutation,
+                     bool testDeadline = false) {
     mutation(&request);
 
     // We'd like to test both with timing requested and without timing
@@ -59,13 +59,18 @@
     };
     MeasureTiming measure = (hash & 1) ? MeasureTiming::YES : MeasureTiming::NO;
 
+    OptionalTimePoint deadline;
+    if (testDeadline) {
+        deadline.nanoseconds(std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max());
+    }
+
     // asynchronous
     {
-        SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [execute_1_2]");
+        SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [execute_1_3]");
 
         sp<ExecutionCallback> executionCallback = new ExecutionCallback();
         Return<ErrorStatus> executeLaunchStatus =
-                preparedModel->execute_1_2(request, measure, executionCallback);
+                preparedModel->execute_1_3(request, measure, deadline, executionCallback);
         ASSERT_TRUE(executeLaunchStatus.isOk());
         ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(executeLaunchStatus));
 
@@ -80,10 +85,10 @@
 
     // synchronous
     {
-        SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [executeSynchronously]");
+        SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [executeSynchronously_1_3]");
 
-        Return<void> executeStatus = preparedModel->executeSynchronously(
-                request, measure,
+        Return<void> executeStatus = preparedModel->executeSynchronously_1_3(
+                request, measure, deadline,
                 [](ErrorStatus error, const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes,
                    const Timing& timing) {
                     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, error);
@@ -94,9 +99,13 @@
     }
 
     // burst
-    {
+    // TODO(butlermichael): Check if we need to test burst in V1_3 if the interface remains V1_2.
+    if (!testDeadline) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [burst]");
 
+        ASSERT_TRUE(nn::compliantWithV1_0(request));
+        V1_0::Request request10 = nn::convertToV1_0(request);
+
         // create burst
         std::shared_ptr<::android::nn::ExecutionBurstController> burst =
                 android::nn::ExecutionBurstController::create(preparedModel,
@@ -104,13 +113,13 @@
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, burst.get());
 
         // create memory keys
-        std::vector<intptr_t> keys(request.pools.size());
+        std::vector<intptr_t> keys(request10.pools.size());
         for (size_t i = 0; i < keys.size(); ++i) {
-            keys[i] = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(&request.pools[i]);
+            keys[i] = reinterpret_cast<intptr_t>(&request10.pools[i]);
         }
 
         // execute and verify
-        const auto [n, outputShapes, timing, fallback] = burst->compute(request, measure, keys);
+        const auto [n, outputShapes, timing, fallback] = burst->compute(request10, measure, keys);
         const ErrorStatus status = nn::convertResultCodeToErrorStatus(n);
         EXPECT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, status);
         EXPECT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), 0);
@@ -118,7 +127,7 @@
         EXPECT_FALSE(fallback);
 
         // additional burst testing
-        if (request.pools.size() > 0) {
+        if (request10.pools.size() > 0) {
             // valid free
             burst->freeMemory(keys.front());
 
@@ -129,6 +138,22 @@
             burst->freeMemory(keys.front());
         }
     }
+
+    // dispatch
+    {
+        SCOPED_TRACE(message + " [executeFenced]");
+        Return<void> ret = preparedModel->executeFenced(
+                request, {}, MeasureTiming::NO, {}, {},
+                [](ErrorStatus error, const hidl_handle& handle,
+                   const sp<IFencedExecutionCallback>& callback) {
+                    if (error != ErrorStatus::DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE) {
+                        ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, error);
+                    }
+                    ASSERT_EQ(handle.getNativeHandle(), nullptr);
+                    ASSERT_EQ(callback, nullptr);
+                });
+        ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
+    }
 }
 
 ///////////////////////// REMOVE INPUT ////////////////////////////////////
@@ -151,17 +176,29 @@
     }
 }
 
+///////////////////////// DEADLINE ////////////////////////////////////
+
+static void deadlineTest(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request) {
+    const std::string message = "deadlineTest: deadline not supported";
+    const auto noop = [](Request*) {};
+    validate(preparedModel, message, request, noop, /*testDeadline=*/true);
+}
+
 ///////////////////////////// ENTRY POINT //////////////////////////////////
 
-void validateRequest(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request) {
+void validateRequest(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request,
+                     bool executionDeadlineSupported) {
     removeInputTest(preparedModel, request);
     removeOutputTest(preparedModel, request);
+    if (!executionDeadlineSupported) {
+        deadlineTest(preparedModel, request);
+    }
 }
 
 void validateRequestFailure(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request) {
-    SCOPED_TRACE("Expecting request to fail [executeSynchronously]");
-    Return<void> executeStatus = preparedModel->executeSynchronously(
-            request, MeasureTiming::NO,
+    SCOPED_TRACE("Expecting request to fail [executeSynchronously_1_3]");
+    Return<void> executeStatus = preparedModel->executeSynchronously_1_3(
+            request, MeasureTiming::NO, {},
             [](ErrorStatus error, const hidl_vec<OutputShape>& outputShapes, const Timing& timing) {
                 ASSERT_NE(ErrorStatus::NONE, error);
                 EXPECT_EQ(outputShapes.size(), 0);
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
index 4f0e150..896ace6 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.cpp
@@ -21,24 +21,23 @@
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <string>
 #include <utility>
-#include "1.0/Callbacks.h"
 #include "1.0/Utils.h"
+#include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Utils.h"
 #include "GeneratedTestHarness.h"
 #include "TestHarness.h"
+#include "Utils.h"
 
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
 
 using HidlToken =
         hidl_array<uint8_t, static_cast<uint32_t>(V1_2::Constant::BYTE_SIZE_OF_CACHE_TOKEN)>;
-using V1_0::ErrorStatus;
-using V1_0::Request;
+using implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 using V1_1::ExecutionPreference;
-using V1_2::IPreparedModel;
-using V1_2::implementation::PreparedModelCallback;
 
 // internal helper function
 void createPreparedModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model,
-                         sp<IPreparedModel>* preparedModel) {
+                         sp<IPreparedModel>* preparedModel, bool reportSkipping) {
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, preparedModel);
     *preparedModel = nullptr;
 
@@ -56,15 +55,15 @@
     // launch prepare model
     const sp<PreparedModelCallback> preparedModelCallback = new PreparedModelCallback();
     const Return<ErrorStatus> prepareLaunchStatus = device->prepareModel_1_3(
-            model, ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER, hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(),
-            hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), HidlToken(), preparedModelCallback);
+            model, ExecutionPreference::FAST_SINGLE_ANSWER, kDefaultPriority, {},
+            hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), hidl_vec<hidl_handle>(), HidlToken(), preparedModelCallback);
     ASSERT_TRUE(prepareLaunchStatus.isOk());
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, static_cast<ErrorStatus>(prepareLaunchStatus));
 
     // retrieve prepared model
     preparedModelCallback->wait();
     const ErrorStatus prepareReturnStatus = preparedModelCallback->getStatus();
-    *preparedModel = getPreparedModel_1_2(preparedModelCallback);
+    *preparedModel = getPreparedModel_1_3(preparedModelCallback);
 
     // The getSupportedOperations_1_3 call returns a list of operations that are
     // guaranteed not to fail if prepareModel_1_3 is called, and
@@ -75,6 +74,9 @@
     // can continue.
     if (!fullySupportsModel && prepareReturnStatus != ErrorStatus::NONE) {
         ASSERT_EQ(nullptr, preparedModel->get());
+        if (!reportSkipping) {
+            return;
+        }
         LOG(INFO) << "NN VTS: Early termination of test because vendor service cannot prepare "
                      "model that it does not support.";
         std::cout << "[          ]   Early termination of test because vendor service cannot "
@@ -82,6 +84,7 @@
                   << std::endl;
         GTEST_SKIP();
     }
+
     ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::NONE, prepareReturnStatus);
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, preparedModel->get());
 }
@@ -120,30 +123,58 @@
 INSTANTIATE_DEVICE_TEST(NeuralnetworksHidlTest);
 
 // Forward declaration from ValidateModel.cpp
-void validateModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model);
+void validateModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model,
+                   bool prepareModelDeadlineSupported);
 // Forward declaration from ValidateRequest.cpp
-void validateRequest(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const V1_0::Request& request);
+void validateRequest(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request,
+                     bool executionDeadlineSupported);
 // Forward declaration from ValidateRequest.cpp
-void validateRequestFailure(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const V1_0::Request& request);
+void validateRequestFailure(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request);
 // Forward declaration from ValidateBurst.cpp
 void validateBurst(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const V1_0::Request& request);
 
-void validateEverything(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model, const Request& request) {
-    validateModel(device, model);
+// Validate sync_fence handles for dispatch with valid input
+void validateExecuteFenced(const sp<IPreparedModel>& preparedModel, const Request& request) {
+    SCOPED_TRACE("Expecting request to fail [executeFenced]");
+    Return<void> ret_null = preparedModel->executeFenced(
+            request, {hidl_handle(nullptr)}, V1_2::MeasureTiming::NO, {}, {},
+            [](ErrorStatus error, const hidl_handle& handle,
+               const sp<IFencedExecutionCallback>& callback) {
+                // TODO: fix this once sample driver impl is merged.
+                if (error != ErrorStatus::DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE) {
+                    ASSERT_EQ(ErrorStatus::INVALID_ARGUMENT, error);
+                }
+                ASSERT_EQ(handle.getNativeHandle(), nullptr);
+                ASSERT_EQ(callback, nullptr);
+            });
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ret_null.isOk());
+}
+
+void validateEverything(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model, const Request& request,
+                        std::pair<bool, bool> supportsDeadlines) {
+    const auto [prepareModelDeadlineSupported, executionDeadlineSupported] = supportsDeadlines;
+    validateModel(device, model, prepareModelDeadlineSupported);
 
     // Create IPreparedModel.
     sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel;
     createPreparedModel(device, model, &preparedModel);
     if (preparedModel == nullptr) return;
 
-    validateRequest(preparedModel, request);
-    validateBurst(preparedModel, request);
+    validateRequest(preparedModel, request, executionDeadlineSupported);
+    validateExecuteFenced(preparedModel, request);
+
+    // TODO(butlermichael): Check if we need to test burst in V1_3 if the interface remains V1_2.
+    ASSERT_TRUE(nn::compliantWithV1_0(request));
+    V1_0::Request request10 = nn::convertToV1_0(request);
+    validateBurst(preparedModel, request10);
 }
 
-void validateFailure(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model, const Request& request) {
+void validateFailure(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model, const Request& request,
+                     std::pair<bool, bool> supportsDeadlines) {
+    const bool prepareModelDeadlineSupported = supportsDeadlines.first;
     // TODO: Should this always succeed?
     //       What if the invalid input is part of the model (i.e., a parameter).
-    validateModel(device, model);
+    validateModel(device, model, prepareModelDeadlineSupported);
 
     // Create IPreparedModel.
     sp<IPreparedModel> preparedModel;
@@ -155,17 +186,17 @@
 
 TEST_P(ValidationTest, Test) {
     const Model model = createModel(kTestModel);
-    const Request request = createRequest(kTestModel);
+    const Request request = nn::convertToV1_3(createRequest(kTestModel));
     if (kTestModel.expectFailure) {
-        validateFailure(kDevice, model, request);
+        validateFailure(kDevice, model, request, mSupportsDeadlines);
     } else {
-        validateEverything(kDevice, model, request);
+        validateEverything(kDevice, model, request, mSupportsDeadlines);
     }
 }
 
 INSTANTIATE_GENERATED_TEST(ValidationTest, [](const test_helper::TestModel&) { return true; });
 
-sp<IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel_1_2(const sp<PreparedModelCallback>& callback) {
+sp<IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel_1_3(const sp<PreparedModelCallback>& callback) {
     sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> preparedModelV1_0 = callback->getPreparedModel();
     return IPreparedModel::castFrom(preparedModelV1_0).withDefault(nullptr);
 }
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h
index fc654ce..4e51052 100644
--- a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalNeuralnetworks.h
@@ -17,12 +17,12 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_VTS_HAL_NEURALNETWORKS_H
 #define ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_VTS_HAL_NEURALNETWORKS_H
 
-#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/IPreparedModel.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IDevice.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModel.h>
 #include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include "1.0/Utils.h"
-#include "1.2/Callbacks.h"
+#include "1.3/Callbacks.h"
 
 namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional {
 
@@ -47,11 +47,10 @@
 // Create an IPreparedModel object. If the model cannot be prepared,
 // "preparedModel" will be nullptr instead.
 void createPreparedModel(const sp<IDevice>& device, const Model& model,
-                         sp<V1_2::IPreparedModel>* preparedModel);
+                         sp<IPreparedModel>* preparedModel, bool reportSkipping = true);
 
 // Utility function to get PreparedModel from callback and downcast to V1_2.
-sp<V1_2::IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel_1_2(
-        const sp<V1_2::implementation::PreparedModelCallback>& callback);
+sp<IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel_1_3(const sp<implementation::PreparedModelCallback>& callback);
 
 }  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::vts::functional
 
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Callbacks.h b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Callbacks.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e9dec2d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Callbacks.h
@@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_CALLBACKS_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_CALLBACKS_H
+
+#include <android-base/thread_annotations.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.0/IExecutionCallback.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.0/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/IExecutionCallback.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.2/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IExecutionCallback.h>
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/IPreparedModelCallback.h>
+#include <hidl/Status.h>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <mutex>
+
+/*
+ * The Callback classes are used internally by the NeuralNetworks runtime to
+ * synchronize between different threads. An asynchronous task is launched
+ * paired with a callback object. When a client thread requires the output being
+ * generated by the asynchronous task, the client thread can wait for the result
+ * and be blocked until it has completed. Any wait may safely be called
+ * concurrently, even on the same callback object. When the asynchronous task
+ * has finished its workload, it must immediately call "notify*". If the
+ * asynchronous task has failed to launch, the function that tried to launch the
+ * asynchronous task must immediately call "notify*". This "notify*" call
+ * awakens any client threads waiting on the callback object.
+ *
+ * These classes exist to enable synchronization across HIDL. When
+ * synchronization is only required in the same process, consider using
+ * std::future, std::mutex, std::condition_variable, or std::experimental::latch
+ * instead.
+ */
+
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::implementation {
+
+/**
+ * The PreparedModelCallback class is used to receive the error status of
+ * preparing a model as well as the prepared model from a task executing
+ * asynchronously with respect to the runtime. If a calling thread calls wait
+ * or get* on a PreparedModelCallback object and the corresponding asynchronous
+ * task has not finished preparing the model, the calling thread will block
+ * until the asynchronous task has called notify*.
+ *
+ * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of the
+ * first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls are
+ * discarded.
+ *
+ * This callback object is passed as an argument to IDevice::prepareModel*.
+ */
+class PreparedModelCallback : public IPreparedModelCallback {
+  public:
+    /**
+     * IPreparedModelCallback::notify marks the callback object with the return
+     * status of the asynchronous model preparation along with the prepared
+     * model, and allows all prior and future wait calls on the
+     * PreparedModelCallback object to proceed.
+     *
+     * One of IPreparedModelCallback::notify, IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2,
+     * or IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_3 must be called on a given
+     * PreparedModelCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from asynchronously preparing the
+     *     model; will be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
+     * @param preparedModel Returned model that has been prepared for execution,
+     *     nullptr if the model was unable to be prepared.
+     */
+    Return<void> notify(V1_0::ErrorStatus status,
+                        const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) override;
+
+    /**
+     * IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2 marks the callback object with the
+     * return status of the asynchronous model preparation along with the
+     * prepared model, and allows all prior and future wait calls on the
+     * PreparedModelCallback object to proceed.
+     *
+     * One of IPreparedModelCallback::notify, IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2,
+     * or IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_3 must be called on a given
+     * PreparedModelCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from asynchronously preparing the
+     *     model; will be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
+     * @param preparedModel Returned model that has been prepared for execution,
+     *     nullptr if the model was unable to be prepared.
+     */
+    Return<void> notify_1_2(V1_0::ErrorStatus status,
+                            const sp<V1_2::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) override;
+
+    /**
+     * IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_3 marks the callback object with the
+     * return status of the asynchronous model preparation along with the
+     * prepared model, and allows all prior and future wait calls on the
+     * PreparedModelCallback object to proceed.
+     *
+     * One of IPreparedModelCallback::notify, IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_2,
+     * or IPreparedModelCallback::notify_1_3 must be called on a given
+     * PreparedModelCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from asynchronously preparing the
+     *     model; will be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
+     * @param preparedModel Returned model that has been prepared for execution,
+     *     nullptr if the model was unable to be prepared.
+     */
+    Return<void> notify_1_3(V1_3::ErrorStatus status,
+                            const sp<V1_3::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel) override;
+
+    /**
+     * PreparedModelCallback::wait blocks until notify* has been called on the
+     * callback object.
+     */
+    void wait() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the error status returned from the asynchronous task launched
+     * by IDevice::prepareModel*. If IDevice::prepareModel* has not finished
+     * asynchronously preparing the model, this call will block until the
+     * asynchronous task notifies the object.
+     *
+     * @return status Error status returned from asynchronously preparing the
+     *     model; will be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous preparation was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input model is invalid
+     */
+    ErrorStatus getStatus() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the model that has been prepared for execution from the
+     * asynchronous task launched by IDevice::prepareModel*. If
+     * IDevice::prepareModel* has not finished asynchronously preparing the
+     * model, this call will block until the asynchronous task notifies the
+     * object.
+     *
+     * @return preparedModel Returned model that has been prepared for
+     *     execution, nullptr if the model was unable to be prepared.
+     */
+    sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> getPreparedModel() const;
+
+  private:
+    Return<void> notifyInternal(ErrorStatus status, const sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel>& preparedModel);
+
+    mutable std::mutex mMutex;
+    mutable std::condition_variable mCondition;
+    bool mNotified GUARDED_BY(mMutex) = false;
+    ErrorStatus mErrorStatus = ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+    sp<V1_0::IPreparedModel> mPreparedModel;
+};
+
+/**
+ * The ExecutionCallback class is used to receive the results of the execution
+ * from a task executing asynchronously with respect to the runtime. If a
+ * calling thread calls wait or get* on a ExecutionCallback object and the
+ * corresponding asynchronous task has not finished the execution, the calling
+ * thread will block until the asynchronous task has either called one of the
+ * notify* methods.
+ *
+ * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of the
+ * first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls are
+ * discarded.
+ *
+ * This callback object is passed as an argument to IPreparedModel::execute*.
+ */
+class ExecutionCallback : public IExecutionCallback {
+  public:
+    /**
+     * IExecutionCallback::notify marks the callback object with the return
+     * status of the asynchronous execution that held this callback and enables
+     * all prior and future wait calls on the ExecutionCallback object to
+     * proceed.
+     *
+     * One of the IExecutionCallback::notify* methods must be called on a given
+     * ExecutionCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if there is an unspecified error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if provided output buffer is not large
+     *         enough to store the resultant values
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if the input request is invalid
+     */
+    Return<void> notify(V1_0::ErrorStatus status) override;
+
+    /**
+     * IExecutionCallback::notify_1_2 marks the callback object with the results
+     * (error status, dynamic output shapes, and timing information) of the
+     * asynchronous execution that held this callback and enables all prior and
+     * future wait calls on the ExecutionCallback object to proceed.
+     *
+     * One of the IExecutionCallback::notify* methods must be called on a given
+     * ExecutionCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an unspecified
+     *         error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output operand buffer is
+     *         not large enough to store the corresponding output
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to prepareModel is
+     *         invalid
+     * @param outputShapes A list of shape information of model output operands.
+     *     The index into "outputShapes" corresponds to the index of the output
+     *     operand in the Request outputs vector. outputShapes must be empty
+     *     unless the status is either NONE or OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+     * @param Timing Duration of execution. Unless MeasureTiming::YES was passed
+     *     when launching the execution and status is NONE, all times must be
+     *     reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may choose to report any time as
+     *     UINT64_MAX, indicating that particular measurement is not available.
+     */
+    Return<void> notify_1_2(V1_0::ErrorStatus status,
+                            const hidl_vec<V1_2::OutputShape>& outputShapes,
+                            const V1_2::Timing& timing) override;
+
+    /**
+     * IExecutionCallback::notify_1_3 marks the callback object with the results
+     * (error status, dynamic output shapes, and timing information) of the
+     * asynchronous execution that held this callback and enables all prior and
+     * future wait calls on the ExecutionCallback object to proceed.
+     *
+     * One of the IExecutionCallback::notify* methods must be called on a given
+     * ExecutionCallback object.
+     *
+     * If the callback object is notified more than once, only the results of
+     * the first call to notify* are used, and the results from subsequent calls
+     * are discarded.
+     *
+     * @param status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an unspecified
+     *         error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output operand buffer is
+     *         not large enough to store the corresponding output
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to prepareModel is
+     *         invalid
+     *     - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the deadline was not met
+     * @param outputShapes A list of shape information of model output operands.
+     *     The index into "outputShapes" corresponds to the index of the output
+     *     operand in the Request outputs vector. outputShapes must be empty
+     *     unless the status is either NONE or OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE.
+     * @param Timing Duration of execution. Unless MeasureTiming::YES was passed
+     *     when launching the execution and status is NONE, all times must be
+     *     reported as UINT64_MAX. A driver may choose to report any time as
+     *     UINT64_MAX, indicating that particular measurement is not available.
+     */
+    Return<void> notify_1_3(V1_3::ErrorStatus status,
+                            const hidl_vec<V1_2::OutputShape>& outputShapes,
+                            const V1_2::Timing& timing) override;
+
+    /**
+     * ExecutionCallback::wait blocks until notify* has been called on the
+     * callback object.
+     */
+    void wait() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the error status returned from the asynchronous task launched
+     * by one of the IPreparedModel::execute* methods. If
+     * IPreparedModel::execute* (but not IPreparedModel::executeSynchronously*)
+     * has not finished asynchronously executing, this call will block until the
+     * asynchronous task notifies the object.
+     *
+     * @return status Error status returned from launching the asynchronous task
+     *     (if the launch fails) or from the asynchronous task itself (if the
+     *     launch succeeds). Must be:
+     *     - NONE if the asynchronous execution was successful
+     *     - DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE if driver is offline or busy
+     *     - GENERAL_FAILURE if the asynchronous task resulted in an unspecified
+     *         error
+     *     - OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE if at least one output operand buffer is
+     *         not large enough to store the corresponding output
+     *     - INVALID_ARGUMENT if one of the input arguments to prepareModel is
+     *         invalid
+     *     - MISSED_DEADLINE_* if the deadline could not be met
+     */
+    V1_3::ErrorStatus getStatus() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the error status returned from the asynchronous task launched
+     * by one of the IPreparedModel::execute* methods. If
+     * IPreparedModel::execute* (but not IPreparedModel::executeSynchronously*)
+     * has not finished asynchronously executing, this call will block until the
+     * asynchronous task notifies the object.
+     *
+     * If the asynchronous task was launched by IPreparedModel::execute, an
+     * empty vector will be returned.
+     *
+     * @return outputShapes A list of shape information of model output
+     *     operands. The index into "outputShapes" corresponds to the index of
+     *     the output operand in the Request outputs vector. outputShapes must
+     *     be empty unless the status is either NONE or
+     *     OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE. outputShaps may be empty if the status is
+     *     NONE and all model output operands are fully-specified at execution
+     *     time. outputShapes must have the same number of elements as the
+     *     number of model output operands if the status is
+     *     OUTPUT_INSUFFICIENT_SIZE, or if the status is NONE and the model has
+     *     at least one output operand that is not fully-specified.
+     */
+    const std::vector<V1_2::OutputShape>& getOutputShapes() const;
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieves the error status returned from the asynchronous task launched
+     * by one of the IPreparedModel::execute* methods. If
+     * IPreparedModel::execute* (but not IPreparedModel::executeSynchronously*)
+     * has not finished asynchronously executing, this call will block until the
+     * asynchronous task notifies the object.
+     *
+     * If the asynchronous task was launched by IPreparedModel::execute, every
+     * time must be UINT64_MAX.
+     *
+     * @return timing Duration of the execution. Every time must be UINT64_MAX
+     *     unless the status is NONE.
+     */
+    V1_2::Timing getTiming() const;
+
+  private:
+    /*
+     * ExecutionCallback::notifyInternal stores the results of the execution
+     * (status, output shapes, and timing information) in the ExecutionCallback
+     * object before any call to wait or get* return. It then enables all prior
+     * and future wait calls on the ExecutionCallback object to proceed.
+     */
+    Return<void> notifyInternal(V1_3::ErrorStatus errorStatus,
+                                hidl_vec<V1_2::OutputShape> outputShapes, V1_2::Timing timing);
+
+    // members
+    mutable std::mutex mMutex;
+    mutable std::condition_variable mCondition;
+    bool mNotified GUARDED_BY(mMutex) = false;
+    V1_3::ErrorStatus mErrorStatus = V1_3::ErrorStatus::GENERAL_FAILURE;
+    std::vector<V1_2::OutputShape> mOutputShapes = {};
+    V1_2::Timing mTiming = {};
+};
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3::implementation
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_CALLBACKS_H
diff --git a/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Utils.h b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Utils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3661b66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/neuralnetworks/1.3/vts/functional/include/1.3/Utils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_UTILS_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_UTILS_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/neuralnetworks/1.3/types.h>
+#include <iosfwd>
+
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks {
+
+inline constexpr V1_3::Priority kDefaultPriority = V1_3::Priority::MEDIUM;
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks
+
+namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3 {
+
+// pretty-print values for error messages
+::std::ostream& operator<<(::std::ostream& os, ErrorStatus errorStatus);
+
+}  // namespace android::hardware::neuralnetworks::V1_3
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_NEURALNETWORKS_V1_3_UTILS_H
diff --git a/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 28d6bf6..90de347 100644
--- a/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalOemLockV1_0TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: ["android.hardware.oemlock@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalOemLockV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalOemLockV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 05462a8..bafe87d 100644
--- a/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalOemLockV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/oemlock/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalOemLockV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 #include <android/hardware/oemlock/1.0/IOemLock.h>
-
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::oemlock::V1_0::IOemLock;
 using ::android::hardware::oemlock::V1_0::OemLockStatus;
@@ -25,22 +25,9 @@
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-// Test environment for OemLock HIDL HAL.
-class OemLockHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static OemLockHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static OemLockHidlEnvironment* instance = new OemLockHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IOemLock>(); }
-};
-
-struct OemLockHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+struct OemLockHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        oemlock = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IOemLock>(
-            OemLockHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IOemLock>());
+        oemlock = IOemLock::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(oemlock, nullptr);
     }
 
@@ -52,7 +39,7 @@
 /*
  * Check the name can be retrieved
  */
-TEST_F(OemLockHidlTest, GetName) {
+TEST_P(OemLockHidlTest, GetName) {
     std::string name;
     OemLockStatus status;
 
@@ -72,7 +59,7 @@
 /*
  * Check the unlock allowed by device state can be queried
  */
-TEST_F(OemLockHidlTest, QueryUnlockAllowedByDevice) {
+TEST_P(OemLockHidlTest, QueryUnlockAllowedByDevice) {
     bool allowed;
     OemLockStatus status;
 
@@ -92,7 +79,7 @@
 /*
  * Check unlock allowed by device state can be toggled
  */
-TEST_F(OemLockHidlTest, AllowedByDeviceCanBeToggled) {
+TEST_P(OemLockHidlTest, AllowedByDeviceCanBeToggled) {
     bool allowed;
     OemLockStatus status;
 
@@ -129,7 +116,7 @@
 /*
  * Check the unlock allowed by device state can be queried
  */
-TEST_F(OemLockHidlTest, QueryUnlockAllowedByCarrier) {
+TEST_P(OemLockHidlTest, QueryUnlockAllowedByCarrier) {
     bool allowed;
     OemLockStatus status;
 
@@ -153,7 +140,7 @@
  * is a valid implementation so the test will pass. If there is no signature
  * required, the test will toggle the value.
  */
-TEST_F(OemLockHidlTest, CarrierUnlock) {
+TEST_P(OemLockHidlTest, CarrierUnlock) {
     const hidl_vec<uint8_t> noSignature = {};
     bool allowed;
     OemLockStatus status;
@@ -201,11 +188,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(allowed, originallyAllowed);
 };
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(OemLockHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    OemLockHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, OemLockHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOemLock::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/power/aidl/Android.bp b/power/aidl/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a6cf94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+aidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.power",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "android/hardware/power/*.aidl",
+    ],
+    stability: "vintf",
+    backend: {
+        java: {
+            platform_apis: true,
+        },
+        ndk: {
+            vndk: {
+                enabled: true,
+            },
+        },
+    },
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/Boost.aidl b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/Boost.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..162a36a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/Boost.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.power;
+
+@VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum Boost {
+    /**
+     * This boost is set when user interacting with the device, for example,
+     * touchscreen events are incoming. CPU and GPU load may be expected soon,
+     * and it may be appropriate to raise speeds of CPU, memory bus etc.
+     * Note that this is different from INTERACTIVE mode, which only indicates
+     * that such interaction *may* occur, not that it is actively occurring.
+     */
+    INTERACTION,
+
+    /**
+     * Below hints are currently not sent in Android framework but OEM might choose to
+     * implement for power/perf optimizations.
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * This boost indicates that the device is interacting with ML accelerator.
+     */
+    ML_ACC,
+
+    /**
+     * This boost indicates that the device is setting up audio stream.
+     */
+    AUDIO_LAUNCH,
+
+    /**
+     * This boost indicates that camera is being launched.
+     */
+    CAMERA_LAUNCH,
+
+    /**
+     * This boost indicates that camera shot is being taken.
+     */
+    CAMERA_SHOT,
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/IPower.aidl b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/IPower.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9fb3fc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/IPower.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.power;
+
+import android.hardware.power.Boost;
+import android.hardware.power.Mode;
+
+@VintfStability
+interface IPower {
+    /**
+     * setMode() is called to enable/disable specific hint mode, which
+     * may result in adjustment of power/performance parameters of the
+     * cpufreq governor and other controls on device side.
+     *
+     * A particular platform may choose to ignore any mode hint.
+     *
+     * @param type Mode which is to be enable/disable.
+     * @param enabled true to enable, false to disable the mode.
+     */
+    oneway void setMode(in Mode type, in boolean enabled);
+
+    /**
+     * isModeSupported() is called to query if the given mode hint is
+     * supported by vendor.
+     *
+     * @return true if the hint passed is supported on this platform.
+     *         If false, setting the mode will have no effect.
+     * @param type Mode to be queried
+     */
+    boolean isModeSupported(in Mode type);
+
+   /**
+     * setBoost() indicates the device may need to boost some resources, as the
+     * the load is likely to increase before the kernel governors can react.
+     * Depending on the boost, it may be appropriate to raise the frequencies of
+     * CPU, GPU, memory subsystem, or stop CPU from going into deep sleep state.
+     * A particular platform may choose to ignore this hint.
+     *
+     * @param type Boost type which is to be set with a timeout.
+     * @param durationMs The expected duration of the user's interaction, if
+     *        known, or 0 if the expected duration is unknown.
+     *        a negative value indicates canceling previous boost.
+     *        A given platform can choose to boost some time based on durationMs,
+     *        and may also pick an appropriate timeout for 0 case.
+     */
+    oneway void setBoost(in Boost type, in int durationMs);
+
+    /**
+     * isBoostSupported() is called to query if the given boost hint is
+     * supported by vendor. When returns false, set the boost will have
+     * no effect on the platform.
+     *
+     * @return true if the hint passed is supported on this platform.
+     *         If false, setting the boost will have no effect.
+     * @param type Boost to be queried
+     */
+    boolean isBoostSupported(in Boost type);
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/Mode.aidl b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/Mode.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bb5b98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/android/hardware/power/Mode.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.power;
+
+@VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum Mode {
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates that the device is to allow wake up when the
+     * screen is tapped twice.
+     */
+    DOUBLE_TAP_TO_WAKE,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indidates Low power mode is activated or not. Low power
+     * mode is intended to save battery at the cost of performance.
+     */
+    LOW_POWER,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indidates Sustained Performance mode is activated or not.
+     * Sustained performance mode is intended to provide a consistent level of
+     * performance for a prolonged amount of time.
+     */
+    SUSTAINED_PERFORMANCE,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indidates VR Mode is activated or not. VR mode is intended
+     * to provide minimum guarantee for performance for the amount of time the
+     * device can sustain it.
+     */
+    VR,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates that an application has been launched.
+     */
+    LAUNCH,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates that the device is about to enter a period of
+     * expensive rendering.
+     */
+    EXPENSIVE_RENDERING,
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates that the device is about entering/leaving
+     * interactive state. (that is, the system is awake and ready for
+     * interaction, often with UI devices such as display and touchscreen
+     * enabled) or non-interactive state (the
+     * system appears asleep, display usually turned off). The
+     * non-interactive state may be entered after a period of
+     * inactivity in order to conserve battery power during
+     * such inactive periods.
+     *
+     * Typical actions are to turn on or off devices and adjust
+     * cpufreq parameters. This function may also call the
+     * appropriate interfaces to allow the kernel to suspend the
+     * system to low-power sleep state when entering non-interactive
+     * state, and to disallow low-power suspend when the system is in
+     * interactive state. When low-power suspend state is allowed, the
+     * kernel may suspend the system whenever no wakelocks are held.
+     */
+    INTERACTIVE,
+
+
+    /**
+     * Below hints are currently not sent in Android framework but OEM might choose to
+     * implement for power/perf optimizations.
+     */
+
+    /**
+     * This mode indicates that low latency audio is active.
+     */
+    AUDIO_STREAMING_LOW_LATENCY,
+
+    /**
+     * This hint indicates that camera secure stream is being started.
+     */
+    CAMERA_STREAMING_SECURE,
+
+    /**
+     * This hint indicates that camera low resolution stream is being started.
+     */
+    CAMERA_STREAMING_LOW,
+
+    /**
+     * This hint indicates that camera mid resolution stream is being started.
+     */
+    CAMERA_STREAMING_MID,
+
+    /**
+     * This hint indicates that camera high resolution stream is being started.
+     */
+    CAMERA_STREAMING_HIGH,
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/Android.bp b/power/aidl/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07cd368
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.power-service.example",
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    init_rc: ["power-default.rc"],
+    vintf_fragments: ["power-default.xml"],
+    vendor: true,
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "android.hardware.power-ndk_platform",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "main.cpp",
+        "Power.cpp",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/Power.cpp b/power/aidl/default/Power.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8610de3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/default/Power.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "Power.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+namespace aidl {
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace power {
+namespace impl {
+namespace example {
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Power::setMode(Mode type, bool enabled) {
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Power setMode: " << static_cast<int32_t>(type) << " to: " << enabled;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Power::isModeSupported(Mode type, bool* _aidl_return) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Power isModeSupported: " << static_cast<int32_t>(type);
+    *_aidl_return = false;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Power::setBoost(Boost type, int32_t durationMs) {
+    LOG(VERBOSE) << "Power setBoost: " << static_cast<int32_t>(type)
+                 << ", duration: " << durationMs;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Power::isBoostSupported(Boost type, bool* _aidl_return) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Power isBoostSupported: " << static_cast<int32_t>(type);
+    *_aidl_return = false;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+}  // namespace example
+}  // namespace impl
+}  // namespace power
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/Power.h b/power/aidl/default/Power.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7645aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/default/Power.h
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/power/BnPower.h>
+
+namespace aidl {
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace power {
+namespace impl {
+namespace example {
+
+class Power : public BnPower {
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setMode(Mode type, bool enabled) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus isModeSupported(Mode type, bool* _aidl_return) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setBoost(Boost type, int32_t durationMs) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus isBoostSupported(Boost type, bool* _aidl_return) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace example
+}  // namespace impl
+}  // namespace power
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+}  // namespace aidl
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/main.cpp b/power/aidl/default/main.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..964bd96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/default/main.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "Power.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::power::impl::example::Power;
+
+int main() {
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(0);
+    std::shared_ptr<Power> vib = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<Power>();
+
+    const std::string instance = std::string() + Power::descriptor + "/default";
+    binder_status_t status = AServiceManager_addService(vib->asBinder().get(), instance.c_str());
+    CHECK(status == STATUS_OK);
+
+    ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;  // should not reach
+}
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/power-default.rc b/power/aidl/default/power-default.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9efbc85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/default/power-default.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+service vendor.power-default /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.power-service.example
+    class hal
+    user nobody
+    group system
diff --git a/power/aidl/default/power-default.xml b/power/aidl/default/power-default.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..caf6ea2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/default/power-default.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<manifest version="1.0" type="device">
+    <hal format="aidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.power</name>
+        <fqname>IPower/default</fqname>
+    </hal>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/power/aidl/vts/Android.bp
similarity index 60%
copy from vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
copy to power/aidl/vts/Android.bp
index 202a824..7726fd8 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/power/aidl/vts/Android.bp
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-//
-// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+// Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
 //
 // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 // you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -12,22 +11,21 @@
 // WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
-//
 
 cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest",
-    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
-    srcs: ["VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest.cpp"],
+    name: "VtsHalPowerTargetTest",
+    defaults: [
+        "VtsHalTargetTestDefaults",
+        "use_libaidlvintf_gtest_helper_static",
+    ],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp"],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder",
+    ],
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.3",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.4",
+        "android.hardware.power-cpp",
     ],
     test_suites: [
-        "general-tests",
         "vts-core",
     ],
 }
-
diff --git a/power/aidl/vts/VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp b/power/aidl/vts/VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0e0858
--- /dev/null
+++ b/power/aidl/vts/VtsHalPowerTargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+#include <aidl/Gtest.h>
+#include <aidl/Vintf.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/power/Boost.h>
+#include <android/hardware/power/IPower.h>
+#include <android/hardware/power/Mode.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
+
+#include <future>
+
+using android::ProcessState;
+using android::sp;
+using android::String16;
+using android::binder::Status;
+using android::hardware::power::Boost;
+using android::hardware::power::IPower;
+using android::hardware::power::Mode;
+
+const std::vector<Boost> kBoosts{android::enum_range<Boost>().begin(),
+                                 android::enum_range<Boost>().end()};
+
+const std::vector<Mode> kModes{android::enum_range<Mode>().begin(),
+                               android::enum_range<Mode>().end()};
+
+const std::vector<Boost> kInvalidBoosts = {
+        static_cast<Boost>(static_cast<int32_t>(kBoosts.front()) - 1),
+        static_cast<Boost>(static_cast<int32_t>(kBoosts.back()) + 1),
+};
+
+const std::vector<Mode> kInvalidModes = {
+        static_cast<Mode>(static_cast<int32_t>(kModes.front()) - 1),
+        static_cast<Mode>(static_cast<int32_t>(kModes.back()) + 1),
+};
+
+class PowerAidl : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        power = android::waitForDeclaredService<IPower>(String16(GetParam().c_str()));
+        ASSERT_NE(power, nullptr);
+    }
+
+    sp<IPower> power;
+};
+
+TEST_P(PowerAidl, setMode) {
+    for (const auto& mode : kModes) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setMode(mode, true).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setMode(mode, false).isOk());
+    }
+    for (const auto& mode : kInvalidModes) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setMode(mode, true).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setMode(mode, false).isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(PowerAidl, isModeSupported) {
+    for (const auto& mode : kModes) {
+        bool supported;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->isModeSupported(mode, &supported).isOk());
+    }
+    for (const auto& mode : kInvalidModes) {
+        bool supported;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->isModeSupported(mode, &supported).isOk());
+        // Should return false for values outsides enum
+        ASSERT_FALSE(supported);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(PowerAidl, setBoost) {
+    for (const auto& boost : kBoosts) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setBoost(boost, 0).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setBoost(boost, 1000).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setBoost(boost, -1).isOk());
+    }
+    for (const auto& boost : kInvalidBoosts) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setBoost(boost, 0).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setBoost(boost, 1000).isOk());
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->setBoost(boost, -1).isOk());
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(PowerAidl, isBoostSupported) {
+    for (const auto& boost : kBoosts) {
+        bool supported;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->isBoostSupported(boost, &supported).isOk());
+    }
+    for (const auto& boost : kInvalidBoosts) {
+        bool supported;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(power->isBoostSupported(boost, &supported).isOk());
+        // Should return false for values outsides enum
+        ASSERT_FALSE(supported);
+    }
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Power, PowerAidl,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IPower::descriptor)),
+                         android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    ProcessState::self()->setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(1);
+    ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool();
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 9dec2f2..2351d90 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.radio@1.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_config: "vts_hal_radio_target_test.xml",
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -47,7 +48,8 @@
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.radio@1.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_config: "vts_hal_sap_target_test.xml",
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
 
 cc_library_static {
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index d53c062..9d61b52 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,12 +14,18 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h>
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, RadioHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::IRadio::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
 
     // setup seed for rand function
     int seedSrand = time(NULL);
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 859e6fb..b80b971 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,12 +14,18 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <sap_hidl_hal_utils.h>
 
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, SapHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::ISap::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
+
 int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(SapHidlEnvironment::Instance());
     ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    SapHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
 
     // setup seed for rand function
     int seedSrand = time(NULL);
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_cell_broadcast.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_cell_broadcast.cpp
index 2c1eb60..125ea0c 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_cell_broadcast.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_cell_broadcast.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setGsmBroadcastConfig() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setGsmBroadcastConfig) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setGsmBroadcastConfig) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create GsmBroadcastSmsConfigInfo #1
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getGsmBroadcastConfig() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getGsmBroadcastConfig) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getGsmBroadcastConfig) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getGsmBroadcastConfig(serial);
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCdmaBroadcastConfig() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaBroadcastConfig) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaBroadcastConfig) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     CdmaBroadcastSmsConfigInfo cbSmsConfig;
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCdmaBroadcastConfig() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCdmaBroadcastConfig) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCdmaBroadcastConfig) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCdmaBroadcastConfig(serial);
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCdmaBroadcastActivation() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaBroadcastActivation) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaBroadcastActivation) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool activate = false;
 
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setGsmBroadcastActivation() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setGsmBroadcastActivation) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setGsmBroadcastActivation) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool activate = false;
 
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_data.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_data.cpp
index eaef3ed..d937d74 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_data.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_data.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getDataRegistrationState() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getDataRegistrationState) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getDataRegistrationState) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getDataRegistrationState(serial);
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setupDataCall() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setupDataCall) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setupDataCall) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioTechnology radioTechnology = RadioTechnology::LTE;
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.deactivateDataCall() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, deactivateDataCall) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, deactivateDataCall) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int cid = 1;
     bool reasonRadioShutDown = false;
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getDataCallList() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getDataCallList) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getDataCallList) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getDataCallList(serial);
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setInitialAttachApn() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setInitialAttachApn) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setInitialAttachApn) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     DataProfileInfo dataProfileInfo;
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setDataAllowed() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setDataAllowed) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setDataAllowed) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool allow = true;
 
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setDataProfile() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setDataProfile) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setDataProfile) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a dataProfileInfo
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_icc.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_icc.cpp
index 2670d96..60cb2fe 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_icc.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_icc.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getIccCardStatus() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getIccCardStatus) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getIccCardStatus) {
     EXPECT_LE(cardStatus.applications.size(), (unsigned int)RadioConst::CARD_MAX_APPS);
     EXPECT_LT(cardStatus.gsmUmtsSubscriptionAppIndex, (int)RadioConst::CARD_MAX_APPS);
     EXPECT_LT(cardStatus.cdmaSubscriptionAppIndex, (int)RadioConst::CARD_MAX_APPS);
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.supplyIccPinForApp() for the response returned
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPinForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPinForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong password and check PASSWORD_INCORRECT returned for 3GPP and
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.supplyIccPukForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPukForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPukForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong password and check PASSWORD_INCORRECT returned for 3GPP and
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.supplyIccPin2ForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPin2ForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPin2ForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong password and check PASSWORD_INCORRECT returned for 3GPP and
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.supplyIccPuk2ForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPuk2ForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, supplyIccPuk2ForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong password and check PASSWORD_INCORRECT returned for 3GPP and
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.changeIccPinForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, changeIccPinForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, changeIccPinForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong password and check PASSWORD_INCORRECT returned for 3GPP and
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.changeIccPin2ForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, changeIccPin2ForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, changeIccPin2ForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong password and check PASSWORD_INCORRECT returned for 3GPP and
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getImsiForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getImsiForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getImsiForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Check success returned while getting imsi for 3GPP and 3GPP2 apps only
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.iccIOForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, iccIOForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, iccIOForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     for (int i = 0; i < (int)cardStatus.applications.size(); i++) {
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.iccTransmitApduBasicChannel() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, iccTransmitApduBasicChannel) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, iccTransmitApduBasicChannel) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     SimApdu msg;
     memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.iccOpenLogicalChannel() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, iccOpenLogicalChannel) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, iccOpenLogicalChannel) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int p2 = 0x04;
     // Specified in ISO 7816-4 clause 7.1.1 0x04 means that FCP template is requested.
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.iccCloseLogicalChannel() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, iccCloseLogicalChannel) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, iccCloseLogicalChannel) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     // Try closing invalid channel and check INVALID_ARGUMENTS returned as error
     radio->iccCloseLogicalChannel(serial, 0);
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.iccTransmitApduLogicalChannel() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, iccTransmitApduLogicalChannel) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, iccTransmitApduLogicalChannel) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     SimApdu msg;
     memset(&msg, 0, sizeof(msg));
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.requestIccSimAuthentication() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, requestIccSimAuthentication) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, requestIccSimAuthentication) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Pass wrong challenge string and check RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.supplyNetworkDepersonalization() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, supplyNetworkDepersonalization) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, supplyNetworkDepersonalization) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->supplyNetworkDepersonalization(serial, hidl_string("test"));
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_ims.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_ims.cpp
index 4331c06..e253dcf 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_ims.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_ims.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getClir() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getClir) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getClir) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getClir(serial);
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setClir() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setClir) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setClir) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int32_t status = 1;
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getFacilityLockForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getFacilityLockForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getFacilityLockForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     std::string facility = "";
     std::string password = "";
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setFacilityLockForApp() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setFacilityLockForApp) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setFacilityLockForApp) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     std::string facility = "";
     bool lockState = false;
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setBarringPassword() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setBarringPassword) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setBarringPassword) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     std::string facility = "";
     std::string oldPassword = "";
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getClip() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getClip) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getClip) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getClip(serial);
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSuppServiceNotifications() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setSuppServiceNotifications) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setSuppServiceNotifications) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool enable = false;
 
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.requestIsimAuthentication() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, requestIsimAuthentication) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, requestIsimAuthentication) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     std::string challenge = "";
 
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getImsRegistrationState() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getImsRegistrationState) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getImsRegistrationState) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getImsRegistrationState(serial);
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp
index 3499762..d04cb36 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_misc.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getSignalStrength() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getSignalStrength) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getSignalStrength) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getSignalStrength(serial);
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getVoiceRegistrationState() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getVoiceRegistrationState) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getVoiceRegistrationState) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getVoiceRegistrationState(serial);
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getOperator() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getOperator) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getOperator) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getOperator(serial);
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setRadioPower() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setRadioPower) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setRadioPower) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setRadioPower(serial, 1);
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getNetworkSelectionMode() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getNetworkSelectionMode) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getNetworkSelectionMode) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getNetworkSelectionMode(serial);
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setNetworkSelectionModeAutomatic() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setNetworkSelectionModeAutomatic) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setNetworkSelectionModeAutomatic) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setNetworkSelectionModeAutomatic(serial);
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setNetworkSelectionModeManual() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setNetworkSelectionModeManual) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setNetworkSelectionModeManual) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setNetworkSelectionModeManual(serial, "123456");
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getAvailableNetworks() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getAvailableNetworks) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getAvailableNetworks) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getAvailableNetworks(serial);
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getBasebandVersion() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getBasebandVersion) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getBasebandVersion) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getBasebandVersion(serial);
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setBandMode() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setBandMode) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setBandMode) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setBandMode(serial, RadioBandMode::BAND_MODE_USA);
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getAvailableBandModes() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getAvailableBandModes) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getAvailableBandModes) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getAvailableBandModes(serial);
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setPreferredNetworkType() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setPreferredNetworkType) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setPreferredNetworkType) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setPreferredNetworkType(serial, PreferredNetworkType::GSM_ONLY);
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getPreferredNetworkType() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getPreferredNetworkType) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getPreferredNetworkType) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getPreferredNetworkType(serial);
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getNeighboringCids() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getNeighboringCids) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getNeighboringCids) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getNeighboringCids(serial);
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setLocationUpdates() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setLocationUpdates) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setLocationUpdates) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setLocationUpdates(serial, true);
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCdmaRoamingPreference() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaRoamingPreference) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaRoamingPreference) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setCdmaRoamingPreference(serial, CdmaRoamingType::HOME_NETWORK);
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCdmaRoamingPreference() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCdmaRoamingPreference) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCdmaRoamingPreference) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCdmaRoamingPreference(serial);
@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getTTYMode() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getTTYMode) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getTTYMode) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getTTYMode(serial);
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setTTYMode() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setTTYMode) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setTTYMode) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setTTYMode(serial, TtyMode::OFF);
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setPreferredVoicePrivacy() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setPreferredVoicePrivacy) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setPreferredVoicePrivacy) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setPreferredVoicePrivacy(serial, true);
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getPreferredVoicePrivacy() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getPreferredVoicePrivacy) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getPreferredVoicePrivacy) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getPreferredVoicePrivacy(serial);
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCDMASubscription() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCDMASubscription) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCDMASubscription) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCDMASubscription(serial);
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getDeviceIdentity() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getDeviceIdentity) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getDeviceIdentity) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getDeviceIdentity(serial);
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.exitEmergencyCallbackMode() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, exitEmergencyCallbackMode) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, exitEmergencyCallbackMode) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->exitEmergencyCallbackMode(serial);
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCdmaSubscriptionSource() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCdmaSubscriptionSource) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCdmaSubscriptionSource) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCdmaSubscriptionSource(serial);
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCdmaSubscriptionSource() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaSubscriptionSource) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCdmaSubscriptionSource) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setCdmaSubscriptionSource(serial, CdmaSubscriptionSource::RUIM_SIM);
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getVoiceRadioTechnology() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getVoiceRadioTechnology) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getVoiceRadioTechnology) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getVoiceRadioTechnology(serial);
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCellInfoList() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCellInfoList) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCellInfoList) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCellInfoList(serial);
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCellInfoListRate() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCellInfoListRate) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCellInfoListRate) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // TODO(sanketpadawe): RIL crashes with value of rate = 10
@@ -520,7 +520,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.nvReadItem() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, nvReadItem) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, nvReadItem) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->nvReadItem(serial, NvItem::LTE_BAND_ENABLE_25);
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.nvWriteItem() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, nvWriteItem) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, nvWriteItem) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     NvWriteItem item;
     memset(&item, 0, sizeof(item));
@@ -557,7 +557,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.nvWriteCdmaPrl() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, nvWriteCdmaPrl) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, nvWriteCdmaPrl) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     std::vector<uint8_t> prl = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
 
@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.nvResetConfig() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, nvResetConfig) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, nvResetConfig) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->nvResetConfig(serial, ResetNvType::ERASE);
@@ -592,7 +592,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setUiccSubscription() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setUiccSubscription) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setUiccSubscription) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     SelectUiccSub item;
     memset(&item, 0, sizeof(item));
@@ -614,7 +614,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getHardwareConfig() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getHardwareConfig) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getHardwareConfig) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getHardwareConfig(serial);
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.requestShutdown() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, requestShutdown) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, requestShutdown) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->requestShutdown(serial);
@@ -648,7 +648,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getRadioCapability() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getRadioCapability) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getRadioCapability) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getRadioCapability(serial);
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setRadioCapability() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setRadioCapability) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setRadioCapability) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     RadioCapability rc;
     memset(&rc, 0, sizeof(rc));
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startLceService() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, startLceService) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, startLceService) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->startLceService(serial, 5, true);
@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.stopLceService() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, stopLceService) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, stopLceService) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->stopLceService(serial);
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.pullLceData() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, pullLceData) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, pullLceData) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->pullLceData(serial);
@@ -741,7 +741,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getModemActivityInfo() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getModemActivityInfo) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getModemActivityInfo) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getModemActivityInfo(serial);
@@ -758,7 +758,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setAllowedCarriers() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setAllowedCarriers) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setAllowedCarriers) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     CarrierRestrictions carriers;
     memset(&carriers, 0, sizeof(carriers));
@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getAllowedCarriers() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getAllowedCarriers) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getAllowedCarriers) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getAllowedCarriers(serial);
@@ -852,7 +852,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendDeviceState() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendDeviceState) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendDeviceState) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->sendDeviceState(serial, DeviceStateType::POWER_SAVE_MODE, true);
@@ -871,7 +871,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setIndicationFilter() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setIndicationFilter) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setIndicationFilter) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setIndicationFilter(serial, 1);
@@ -890,7 +890,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSimCardPower() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setSimCardPower) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setSimCardPower) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setSimCardPower(serial, true);
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_sms.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_sms.cpp
index 9e41429..58c3bbd 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_sms.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_sms.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendSms() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendSms) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendSms) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     GsmSmsMessage msg;
     msg.smscPdu = "";
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendSMSExpectMore() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendSMSExpectMore) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendSMSExpectMore) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     GsmSmsMessage msg;
     msg.smscPdu = "";
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.acknowledgeLastIncomingGsmSms() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, acknowledgeLastIncomingGsmSms) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, acknowledgeLastIncomingGsmSms) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool success = true;
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.acknowledgeIncomingGsmSmsWithPdu() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, acknowledgeIncomingGsmSmsWithPdu) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, acknowledgeIncomingGsmSmsWithPdu) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool success = true;
     std::string ackPdu = "";
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendCdmaSms() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendCdmaSms) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendCdmaSms) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a CdmaSmsAddress
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.acknowledgeLastIncomingCdmaSms() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, acknowledgeLastIncomingCdmaSms) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, acknowledgeLastIncomingCdmaSms) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a CdmaSmsAck
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendImsSms() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendImsSms) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendImsSms) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a CdmaSmsAddress
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getSmscAddress() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getSmscAddress) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getSmscAddress) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getSmscAddress(serial);
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSmscAddress() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setSmscAddress) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setSmscAddress) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     hidl_string address = hidl_string("smscAddress");
 
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.writeSmsToSim() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, writeSmsToSim) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, writeSmsToSim) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     SmsWriteArgs smsWriteArgs;
     smsWriteArgs.status = SmsWriteArgsStatus::REC_UNREAD;
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.deleteSmsOnSim() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, deleteSmsOnSim) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, deleteSmsOnSim) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int index = 1;
 
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.writeSmsToRuim() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, writeSmsToRuim) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, writeSmsToRuim) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a CdmaSmsAddress
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.deleteSmsOnRuim() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, deleteSmsOnRuim) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, deleteSmsOnRuim) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int index = 1;
 
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.reportSmsMemoryStatus() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, reportSmsMemoryStatus) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, reportSmsMemoryStatus) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool available = true;
 
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_stk.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_stk.cpp
index a3b5029..1170111 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_stk.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_stk.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendEnvelope() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendEnvelope) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendEnvelope) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Test with sending empty string
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendTerminalResponseToSim() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendTerminalResponseToSim) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendTerminalResponseToSim) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Test with sending empty string
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.handleStkCallSetupRequestFromSim() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, handleStkCallSetupRequestFromSim) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, handleStkCallSetupRequestFromSim) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool accept = false;
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.reportStkServiceIsRunning() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, reportStkServiceIsRunning) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, reportStkServiceIsRunning) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->reportStkServiceIsRunning(serial);
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
  * Test IRadio.sendEnvelopeWithStatus() for the response returned with empty
  * string.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendEnvelopeWithStatus) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendEnvelopeWithStatus) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Test with sending empty string
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index 96719d6..3c833c0 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,13 +17,10 @@
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h>
 
 void RadioHidlTest::SetUp() {
-    radio = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IRadio>(
-        RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IRadio>(hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+    radio = IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     if (radio == NULL) {
         sleep(60);
-        radio = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IRadio>(
-                hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+        radio = IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     }
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radio.get());
 
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h
index 23bc434..8a551f7 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_0.h
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -26,6 +24,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/IRadioIndication.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/IRadioResponse.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
@@ -515,23 +514,9 @@
                             const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& reason);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
-class RadioHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RadioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RadioHidlEnvironment* instance = new RadioHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IRadio>(); }
-
-   private:
-    RadioHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Radio HIDL.
-class RadioHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class RadioHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
     std::mutex mtx;
     std::condition_variable cv;
     int count;
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_voice.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_voice.cpp
index 1fce470..a192a33 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_voice.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_voice.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCurrentCalls() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCurrentCalls) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCurrentCalls) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCurrentCalls(serial);
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.dial() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, dial) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, dial) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Dial dialInfo;
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.hangup() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, hangup) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, hangup) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->hangup(serial, 1);
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.hangupWaitingOrBackground() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, hangupWaitingOrBackground) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, hangupWaitingOrBackground) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->hangupWaitingOrBackground(serial);
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.hangupForegroundResumeBackground() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, hangupForegroundResumeBackground) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, hangupForegroundResumeBackground) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->hangupForegroundResumeBackground(serial);
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.switchWaitingOrHoldingAndActive() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, switchWaitingOrHoldingAndActive) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, switchWaitingOrHoldingAndActive) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->switchWaitingOrHoldingAndActive(serial);
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.conference() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, conference) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, conference) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->conference(serial);
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.rejectCall() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, rejectCall) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, rejectCall) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->rejectCall(serial);
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getLastCallFailCause() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getLastCallFailCause) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getLastCallFailCause) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getLastCallFailCause(serial);
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendUssd() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendUssd) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendUssd) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     radio->sendUssd(serial, hidl_string("test"));
     EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.cancelPendingUssd() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, cancelPendingUssd) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, cancelPendingUssd) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->cancelPendingUssd(serial);
@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCallForwardStatus() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCallForwardStatus) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCallForwardStatus) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     CallForwardInfo callInfo;
     memset(&callInfo, 0, sizeof(callInfo));
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCallForward() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCallForward) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCallForward) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     CallForwardInfo callInfo;
     memset(&callInfo, 0, sizeof(callInfo));
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCallWaiting() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getCallWaiting) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getCallWaiting) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getCallWaiting(serial, 1);
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCallWaiting() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setCallWaiting) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setCallWaiting) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setCallWaiting(serial, true, 1);
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.acceptCall() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, acceptCall) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, acceptCall) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->acceptCall(serial);
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.separateConnection() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, separateConnection) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, separateConnection) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->separateConnection(serial, 1);
@@ -344,7 +344,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.explicitCallTransfer() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, explicitCallTransfer) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, explicitCallTransfer) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->explicitCallTransfer(serial);
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendCDMAFeatureCode() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendCDMAFeatureCode) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendCDMAFeatureCode) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->sendCDMAFeatureCode(serial, hidl_string());
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendDtmf() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendDtmf) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendDtmf) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->sendDtmf(serial, "1");
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startDtmf() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, startDtmf) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, startDtmf) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->startDtmf(serial, "1");
@@ -422,7 +422,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.stopDtmf() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, stopDtmf) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, stopDtmf) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->stopDtmf(serial);
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setMute() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, setMute) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, setMute) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->setMute(serial, true);
@@ -459,7 +459,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getMute() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, getMute) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, getMute) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->getMute(serial);
@@ -475,7 +475,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.sendBurstDtmf() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest, sendBurstDtmf) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest, sendBurstDtmf) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio->sendBurstDtmf(serial, "1", 0, 0);
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index 1d79ff6..6bd2c88 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 /*
  * Test ISap.connectReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, connectReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, connectReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int32_t maxMsgSize = 100;
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.disconnectReq() for the response returned
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, disconnectReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, disconnectReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     sap->disconnectReq(token);
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.apduReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, apduReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, apduReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     SapApduType sapApduType = SapApduType::APDU;
     android::hardware::hidl_vec<uint8_t> command = {};
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.transferAtrReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, transferAtrReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, transferAtrReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     sap->transferAtrReq(token);
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.powerReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, powerReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, powerReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     bool state = true;
 
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.resetSimReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, resetSimReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, resetSimReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     sap->resetSimReq(token);
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.transferCardReaderStatusReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, transferCardReaderStatusReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, transferCardReaderStatusReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     sap->transferCardReaderStatusReq(token);
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setTransferProtocolReq() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(SapHidlTest, setTransferProtocolReq) {
+TEST_P(SapHidlTest, setTransferProtocolReq) {
     token = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     SapTransferProtocol sapTransferProtocol = SapTransferProtocol::T0;
 
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index 65b344b..fe10587 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,8 +17,7 @@
 #include <sap_hidl_hal_utils.h>
 
 void SapHidlTest::SetUp() {
-    sap = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ISap>(
-        SapHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<ISap>(hidl_string(SAP_SERVICE_NAME)));
+    sap = ISap::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(sap, nullptr);
 
     sapCb = new SapCallback(*this);
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_utils.h b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_utils.h
index f432932..2fc9ae3 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_utils.h
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/sap_hidl_hal_utils.h
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -25,6 +23,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/ISap.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/ISapCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
@@ -80,23 +79,9 @@
     Return<void> transferProtocolResponse(int32_t token, SapResultCode resultCode);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Sap HIDL HAL.
-class SapHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static SapHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static SapHidlEnvironment* instance = new SapHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<ISap>(); }
-
-   private:
-    SapHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Sap HIDL.
-class SapHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   private:
+class SapHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  private:
     std::mutex mtx;
     std::condition_variable cv;
     int count;
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_hal_radio_target_test.xml b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_hal_radio_target_test.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e4a1cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_hal_radio_target_test.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_hal_sap_target_test.xml b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_hal_sap_target_test.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..457d700
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_hal_sap_target_test.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalSapV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.h b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.h
index 826f0de..05b47c9 100644
--- a/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.h
+++ b/radio/1.0/vts/functional/vts_test_util.h
@@ -16,9 +16,8 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::RadioError;
 using ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::SapResultCode;
diff --git a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 5695c6b..58aa67e 100644
--- a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -30,5 +30,5 @@
     header_libs: [
         "radio.util.header@1.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5badadd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest.cpp
index 83564ee..98dbf62 100644
--- a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,13 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_1.h>
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, RadioHidlTest_v1_1,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 ::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index 33347c5..02dcbab 100644
--- a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -20,10 +20,13 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSimCardPower() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, setSimCardPower_1_1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, setSimCardPower_1_1) {
     /* Record the sim card state for the testing environment */
     CardState cardStateForTest = cardStatus.cardState;
 
+#if 0
+    /* This test has to be removed for Japan Model.
+     * After "setSimCardPower power down", Japan model can not "setSimCardPower power up" */
     /* Test setSimCardPower power down */
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     radio_v1_1->setSimCardPower_1_1(serial, CardPowerState::POWER_DOWN);
@@ -46,6 +49,7 @@
         }
         EXPECT_EQ(CardState::ABSENT, cardStatus.cardState);
     }
+#endif
 
     /* Test setSimCardPower power up */
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
@@ -81,7 +85,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, startNetworkScan) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, startNetworkScan) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     NetworkScanRequest request;
@@ -115,7 +119,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     NetworkScanRequest request;
@@ -139,7 +143,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.stopNetworkScan() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, stopNetworkScan) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, stopNetworkScan) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio_v1_1->stopNetworkScan(serial);
@@ -158,7 +162,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setCarrierInfoForImsiEncryption() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, setCarrierInfoForImsiEncryption) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, setCarrierInfoForImsiEncryption) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     ImsiEncryptionInfo imsiInfo;
     imsiInfo.mcc = "310";
@@ -181,7 +185,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startKeepalive() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, startKeepalive) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, startKeepalive) {
     std::vector<KeepaliveRequest> requests = {
         {
             // Invalid IPv4 source address
@@ -279,7 +283,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.stopKeepalive() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, stopKeepalive) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_1, stopKeepalive) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio_v1_1->stopKeepalive(serial, 0xBAD);
diff --git a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index 2f657b4..020168e 100644
--- a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,18 +17,10 @@
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_1.h>
 
 void RadioHidlTest_v1_1::SetUp() {
-    radio_v1_1 =
-        ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio>(
-                    hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+    radio_v1_1 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     if (radio_v1_1 == NULL) {
         sleep(60);
-        radio_v1_1 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio>(
-                    hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+        radio_v1_1 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     }
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radio_v1_1.get());
 
diff --git a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_1.h b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_1.h
index 925f4fc..b81ee13 100644
--- a/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_1.h
+++ b/radio/1.1/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_1.h
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -26,6 +25,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.1/IRadioIndication.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.1/IRadioResponse.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.1/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
@@ -535,25 +535,9 @@
                             const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& reason);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
-class RadioHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RadioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RadioHidlEnvironment* instance = new RadioHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_1::IRadio>();
-    }
-
-   private:
-    RadioHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Radio HIDL.
-class RadioHidlTest_v1_1 : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class RadioHidlTest_v1_1 : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
     std::mutex mtx;
     std::condition_variable cv;
     int count;
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
index c5838a8..f7189a8 100644
--- a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -34,5 +34,5 @@
         "android.hardware.radio.config@1.1",
     ],
     header_libs: ["radio.util.header@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d92248
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest.cpp
index c1a2f3d..400e394 100644
--- a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_2TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,13 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_2.h>
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, RadioHidlTest_v1_2,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index a98f22a..7464307 100644
--- a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     if (radioConfig != NULL && DDS_LOGICAL_SLOT_INDEX != logicalSlotId) {
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid specifier.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {.type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid interval (lower boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid interval (upper boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid max search time (lower boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid max search time (upper boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid periodicity (lower boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid periodicity (upper boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -301,7 +301,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with valid periodicity
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with valid periodicity and plmns
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setIndicationFilter_1_2()
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setIndicationFilter_1_2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setIndicationFilter_1_2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setIndicationFilter_1_2(
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria() with invalid hysteresisDb
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_invalidHysteresisDb) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_invalidHysteresisDb) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria(
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria() with empty parameters
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_EmptyParams) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_EmptyParams) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria(
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria() for GERAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Geran) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Geran) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria(
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria() for UTRAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Utran) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Utran) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria(
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria() for EUTRAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Eutran) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Eutran) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria(
@@ -483,7 +483,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria() for CDMA2000
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Cdma2000) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_Cdma2000) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria(
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria() invalid hysteresisDlKbps
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_invalidHysteresisDlKbps) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_invalidHysteresisDlKbps) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria(
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria() invalid hysteresisUlKbps
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_invalidHysteresisUlKbps) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_invalidHysteresisUlKbps) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria(
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria() empty params
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_emptyParams) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_emptyParams) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria(
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria() GERAN
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_Geran) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria_Geran) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->setLinkCapacityReportingCriteria(
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setupDataCall_1_2() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setupDataCall_1_2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, setupDataCall_1_2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::AccessNetwork accessNetwork =
@@ -655,7 +655,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.deactivateDataCall_1_2() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, deactivateDataCall_1_2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, deactivateDataCall_1_2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     int cid = 1;
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::DataRequestReason reason =
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getCellInfoList() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getCellInfoList_1_2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getCellInfoList_1_2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->getCellInfoList(serial);
@@ -704,7 +704,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getVoiceRegistrationState() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getVoiceRegistrationState) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getVoiceRegistrationState) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->getVoiceRegistrationState(serial);
@@ -722,7 +722,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getDataRegistrationState() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getDataRegistrationState) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getDataRegistrationState) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->getDataRegistrationState(serial);
@@ -797,7 +797,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getAvailableBandModes() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getAvailableBandModes) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_2, getAvailableBandModes) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_2->getAvailableBandModes(serial);
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index 21caddb..4845c7f 100644
--- a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,18 +17,10 @@
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_2.h>
 
 void RadioHidlTest_v1_2::SetUp() {
-    radio_v1_2 =
-        ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio>(
-                    hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+    radio_v1_2 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     if (radio_v1_2 == NULL) {
         sleep(60);
-        radio_v1_2 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio>(
-                    hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+        radio_v1_2 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     }
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radio_v1_2.get());
 
@@ -51,8 +43,7 @@
     /* Enforce Vts Testing with Sim Status Present only. */
     EXPECT_EQ(CardState::PRESENT, cardStatus.base.cardState);
 
-    radioConfig = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-            ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig>();
+    radioConfig = ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig::getService();
 
     /* Enforce Vts tesing with RadioConfig for network scan excemption. */
     // Some devices can only perform network scan on logical modem that currently used for packet
diff --git a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_2.h b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_2.h
index 2db1cac..479340c 100644
--- a/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_2.h
+++ b/radio/1.2/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_2.h
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -30,6 +29,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.2/IRadioIndication.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.2/IRadioResponse.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.2/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
@@ -631,25 +631,9 @@
                             const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& reason);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
-class RadioHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RadioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RadioHidlEnvironment* instance = new RadioHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::IRadio>();
-    }
-
-   private:
-    RadioHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Radio HIDL.
-class RadioHidlTest_v1_2 : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class RadioHidlTest_v1_2 : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
     std::mutex mtx_;
     std::condition_variable cv_;
     int count_;
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 67aff6e..2301732 100644
--- a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -32,5 +32,5 @@
         "android.hardware.radio@1.0",
     ],
     header_libs: ["radio.util.header@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c910047
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest.cpp
index 7d2623e..2622bbc 100644
--- a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,13 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_3.h>
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, RadioHidlTest_v1_3,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 ::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index 813dd13..4e48141 100644
--- a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.enableMddem() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_3, enableModem) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_3, enableModem) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     bool responseToggle = radioRsp_v1_3->enableModemResponseToggle;
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getModemStackStatus() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_3, getModemStackStatus) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_3, getModemStackStatus) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_3->getModemStackStatus(serial);
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@
  *
  * This test is excluded from manifest, due to non-implementation in Q. Tracked by b/130254624.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_3, setSystemSelectionChannels) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_3, setSystemSelectionChannels) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index a876b1a..4581350 100644
--- a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,18 +17,10 @@
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_3.h>
 
 void RadioHidlTest_v1_3::SetUp() {
-    radio_v1_3 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                    ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio>(
-                            hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+    radio_v1_3 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     if (radio_v1_3 == NULL) {
         sleep(60);
-        radio_v1_3 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-                ::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio>(
-                RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                        ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio>(
-                                hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+        radio_v1_3 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     }
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radio_v1_3.get());
 
diff --git a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_3.h b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_3.h
index 1d03a99..893eac5 100644
--- a/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_3.h
+++ b/radio/1.3/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_3.h
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -609,25 +608,9 @@
                             const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& reason);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
-class RadioHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RadioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RadioHidlEnvironment* instance = new RadioHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_3::IRadio>();
-    }
-
-   private:
-    RadioHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Radio HIDL.
-class RadioHidlTest_v1_3 : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class RadioHidlTest_v1_3 : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
     std::mutex mtx_;
     std::condition_variable cv_;
     int count_;
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 6827132..8284404 100644
--- a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -35,5 +35,5 @@
         "android.hardware.radio.config@1.1",
     ],
     header_libs: ["radio.util.header@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"]
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"]
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c910047
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.MultiSimPreparer" />
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalRadioV1_3TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_4TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_4TargetTest.cpp
index d6330e6..23ec011 100644
--- a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_4TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_4TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,13 +14,12 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_4.h>
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, RadioHidlTest_v1_4,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index a4953d7..95136bb 100644
--- a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.emergencyDial() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, emergencyDial) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, emergencyDial) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::Dial dialInfo;
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.emergencyDial() with specified service and its response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, emergencyDial_withServices) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, emergencyDial_withServices) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::Dial dialInfo;
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.emergencyDial() with known emergency call routing and its response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, emergencyDial_withEmergencyRouting) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, emergencyDial_withEmergencyRouting) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::Dial dialInfo;
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     Return<void> res = radio_v1_4->getPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap(serial);
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_4->rspInfo.error);
 }
 
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     ::android::hardware::hidl_bitfield<::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::RadioAccessFamily>
             network_type_bitmap{};
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
  * REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED will be disallowed for all tests. Modems have "GSM" rat scan need to
  * support scanning requests combined with some parameters.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid specifier.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::NetworkScanRequest request = {.type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid interval (lower boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid interval (upper boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid max search time (lower boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -355,7 +355,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid max search time (upper boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid periodicity (lower boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -427,7 +427,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with invalid periodicity (upper boundary).
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -463,7 +463,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with valid periodicity
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan() with valid periodicity and plmns
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {.radioAccessNetwork = RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getSignalStrength_1_4() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getSignalStrength_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getSignalStrength_1_4) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio_v1_4->getSignalStrength_1_4(serial);
@@ -562,7 +562,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.setupDataCall_1_4() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setupDataCall_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setupDataCall_1_4) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::AccessNetwork accessNetwork =
@@ -617,7 +617,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getAllowedCarriers_1_4() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getAllowedCarriers_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getAllowedCarriers_1_4) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     radio_v1_4->getAllowedCarriers_1_4(serial);
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@
 /**
  * Test IRadio.setAllowedCarriers_1_4() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setAllowedCarriers_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setAllowedCarriers_1_4) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
     CarrierRestrictionsWithPriority carrierRestrictions;
     memset(&carrierRestrictions, 0, sizeof(carrierRestrictions));
@@ -727,7 +727,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setDataProfile_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setDataProfile_1_4) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a dataProfileInfo
@@ -770,7 +770,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setInitialAttachApn_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, setInitialAttachApn_1_4) {
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
     // Create a dataProfileInfo
@@ -812,7 +812,7 @@
 /*
  * Test IRadio.getDataRegistrationStateResponse_1_4() for the response returned.
  */
-TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getDataRegistrationState_1_4) {
+TEST_P(RadioHidlTest_v1_4, getDataRegistrationState_1_4) {
     int rat;
     serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
 
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index f27749b..15a0b24 100644
--- a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -17,18 +17,11 @@
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_4.h>
 
 void RadioHidlTest_v1_4::SetUp() {
-    radio_v1_4 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio>(
-            RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                    ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio>(
-                            hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+    radio_v1_4 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
+
     if (radio_v1_4 == NULL) {
         sleep(60);
-        radio_v1_4 = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-                ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio>(
-                RadioHidlEnvironment::Instance()
-                        ->getServiceName<::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio>(
-                                hidl_string(RADIO_SERVICE_NAME)));
+        radio_v1_4 = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio::getService(GetParam());
     }
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radio_v1_4.get());
 
@@ -48,8 +41,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_4->rspInfo.error);
 
     sp<::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig> radioConfig =
-            ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-                    ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig>();
+            ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig::getService();
 
     /* Enforce Vts tesing with RadioConfig is existed. */
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radioConfig.get());
diff --git a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_4.h b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_4.h
index b07f9c3..31b7e13 100644
--- a/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_4.h
+++ b/radio/1.4/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_4.h
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 #include <chrono>
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -28,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.4/IRadioIndication.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.4/IRadioResponse.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.4/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
@@ -705,25 +705,9 @@
                             const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& reason);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
-class RadioHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RadioHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RadioHidlEnvironment* instance = new RadioHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::IRadio>();
-    }
-
-   private:
-    RadioHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Radio HIDL.
-class RadioHidlTest_v1_4 : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   protected:
+class RadioHidlTest_v1_4 : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
     std::mutex mtx_;
     std::condition_variable cv_;
     int count_;
diff --git a/radio/1.5/Android.bp b/radio/1.5/Android.bp
index de9ec6e..06a2a6e 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.5/Android.bp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
         "android.hardware.radio@1.3",
         "android.hardware.radio@1.4",
         "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+        "android.hidl.safe_union@1.0",
     ],
     gen_java: true,
 }
diff --git a/radio/1.5/IRadio.hal b/radio/1.5/IRadio.hal
index de20dd0..2ec92e5 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/IRadio.hal
+++ b/radio/1.5/IRadio.hal
@@ -16,7 +16,18 @@
 
 package android.hardware.radio@1.5;
 
+import @1.0::CdmaSmsMessage;
+import @1.2::DataRequestReason;
 import @1.4::IRadio;
+import @1.5::AccessNetwork;
+import @1.5::DataProfileInfo;
+import @1.5::IndicationFilter;
+import @1.5::LinkAddress;
+import @1.5::NetworkScanRequest;
+import @1.5::PersoSubstate;
+import @1.5::RadioAccessNetworks;
+import @1.5::RadioAccessSpecifier;
+import @1.5::SignalThresholdInfo;
 
 /**
  * This interface is used by telephony and telecom to talk to cellular radio.
@@ -27,4 +38,270 @@
  * setResponseFunctions must work with @1.5::IRadioResponse and @1.5::IRadioIndication.
  */
 interface IRadio extends @1.4::IRadio {
+    /**
+     * Sets the signal strength reporting criteria.
+     *
+     * The resulting reporting rules are the AND of all the supplied criteria. For each RAN
+     * The hysteresisDb and thresholds apply to only the following measured quantities:
+     * -GERAN    - RSSI
+     * -CDMA2000 - RSSI
+     * -UTRAN    - RSCP
+     * -EUTRAN   - RSRP/RSRQ/RSSNR
+     * -NGRAN    - SSRSRP/SSRSRQ/SSSINR
+     *
+     * Note: Reporting criteria must be individually set for each RAN. For each RAN, if none of
+     * reporting criteria of any measurement is set enabled
+     * (see @1.5::SignalThresholdInfo.isEnabled), the reporting criteria for this RAN is
+     * implementation-defined. For each RAN, if any of reporting criteria of any measure is set
+     * enabled, the reporting criteria of the other measures in this RAN are set disabled
+     * (see @1.5::SignalThresholdInfo.isEnabled) until they are set enabled.
+     *
+     * Response callback is
+     * IRadioResponse.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteriaResponse_1_5()
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param signalThresholdInfo Signal threshold info including the threshold values,
+     *                            hysteresisDb, hysteresisMs and isEnabled.
+     *                            See @1.5::SignalThresholdInfo for details.
+     * @param accessNetwork The type of network for which to apply these thresholds.
+     */
+    oneway setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(int32_t serial,
+            SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo, AccessNetwork accessNetwork);
+
+    /**
+     * Enable or disable UiccApplications on the SIM. If disabled:
+     *  - Modem will not register on any network.
+     *  - SIM must be PRESENT, and the IccId of the SIM must still be accessible.
+     *  - The corresponding modem stack is still functional, e.g. able to make emergency calls or
+     *    do network scan.
+     * By default if this API is not called, the uiccApplications must be enabled automatically.
+     * It must work for both single SIM and DSDS cases for UX consistency.
+     * The preference is per SIM, and must be remembered over power cycle, modem reboot, or SIM
+     * insertion / unplug.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param enable true if to enable uiccApplications, false to disable.
+
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.enableUiccApplicationsResponse()
+     */
+    oneway enableUiccApplications(int32_t serial, bool enable);
+
+    /**
+     * Whether uiccApplications are enabled, or disabled.
+     *
+     * By default uiccApplications must be enabled, unless enableUiccApplications() with enable
+     * being false is called.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.areUiccApplicationsEnabledResponse()
+     */
+    oneway areUiccApplicationsEnabled(int32_t serial);
+
+    /**
+     * Specify which bands modem's background scan must act on.
+     * If specifyChannels is true, it only scans bands specified in specifiers.
+     * If specifyChannels is false, it scans all bands.
+     *
+     * For example, CBRS is only on LTE band 48. By specifying this band,
+     * modem saves more power.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param specifyChannels whether to scan bands defined in specifiers.
+     * @param specifiers which bands to scan. Only used if specifyChannels is true.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.setSystemSelectionChannelsResponse()
+     */
+    oneway setSystemSelectionChannels_1_5(int32_t serial, bool specifyChannels,
+            vec<RadioAccessSpecifier> specifiers);
+
+    /**
+     * Starts a network scan.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param request Defines the radio networks/bands/channels which need to be scanned.
+     *
+     * Same API as @1.4::IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_4, except using the
+     * 1.5 NetworkScanRequest as the input param.
+     */
+    oneway startNetworkScan_1_5(int32_t serial, NetworkScanRequest request);
+
+    /**
+     * Setup a packet data connection. If DataCallResponse.status returns DataCallFailCause:NONE,
+     * the data connection must be added to data calls and a unsolDataCallListChanged() must be
+     * sent. The call remains until removed by subsequent unsolDataCallIstChanged(). It may be
+     * lost due to many factors, including deactivateDataCall() being issued, the radio powered
+     * off, reception lost or even transient factors like congestion. This data call list is
+     * returned by getDataCallList() and dataCallListChanged().
+     *
+     * The Radio is expected to:
+     *   - Create one data call context.
+     *   - Create and configure a dedicated interface for the context.
+     *   - The interface must be point to point.
+     *   - The interface is configured with one or more addresses and is capable of sending and
+     *     receiving packets. The prefix length of the addresses must be /32 for IPv4 and /128
+     *     for IPv6.
+     *   - Must not modify routing configuration related to this interface; routing management is
+     *     exclusively within the purview of the Android OS.
+     *   - Support simultaneous data call contexts up to DataRegStateResult.maxDataCalls specified
+     *     in the response of getDataRegistrationState.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param accessNetwork The access network to setup the data call. If the data connection cannot
+     *     be established on the specified access network, the setup request must be failed.
+     * @param dataProfileInfo Data profile info.
+     * @param roamingAllowed Indicates whether or not data roaming is allowed by the user.
+     * @param reason The request reason. Must be DataRequestReason.NORMAL or
+     *     DataRequestReason.HANDOVER.
+     * @param addresses If the reason is DataRequestReason.HANDOVER, this indicates the list of link
+     *     addresses of the existing data connection. This parameter must be ignored unless reason
+     *     is DataRequestReason.HANDOVER.
+     * @param dnses If the reason is DataRequestReason.HANDOVER, this indicates the list of DNS
+     *     addresses of the existing data connection. The format is defined in RFC-4291 section
+     *     2.2. For example, "192.0.1.3" or "2001:db8::1". This parameter must be ignored unless
+     *     reason is DataRequestReason.HANDOVER.
+     *
+     * Response function is IRadioResponse.setupDataCallResponse_1_5()
+     *
+     * Note this API is the same as the 1.4 version except using the
+     * 1.5 AccessNetwork, DataProfileInto, and LinkAddress as the input param.
+     */
+    oneway setupDataCall_1_5(int32_t serial, AccessNetwork accessNetwork,
+            DataProfileInfo dataProfileInfo, bool roamingAllowed,
+            DataRequestReason reason, vec<LinkAddress> addresses, vec<string> dnses);
+
+    /**
+     * Set an APN to initial attach network.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param dataProfileInfo data profile containing APN settings
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.setInitialAttachApnResponse_1_5()
+     *
+     * Note this API is the same as the 1.4 version except using the 1.5 DataProfileInfo
+     * as the input param.
+     */
+    oneway setInitialAttachApn_1_5(int32_t serial, DataProfileInfo dataProfileInfo);
+
+    /**
+     * Send data profiles of the current carrier to the modem.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param profiles Array of DataProfileInfo to set.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.setDataProfileResponse_1_5()
+     *
+     * Note this API is the same as the 1.4 version except using the 1.5 DataProfileInfo
+     * as the input param.
+     */
+    oneway setDataProfile_1_5(int32_t serial, vec<DataProfileInfo> profiles);
+
+    /**
+     * Toggle radio on and off (for "airplane" mode)
+     * If the radio is turned off/on the radio modem subsystem
+     * is expected return to an initialized state. For instance,
+     * any voice and data calls must be terminated and all associated
+     * lists emptied.
+     *
+     * When setting radio power on to exit from airplane mode to place an emergency call on this
+     * logical modem, powerOn, forEmergencyCall and preferredForEmergencyCall must be true. In
+     * this case, this modem is optimized to scan only emergency call bands, until:
+     * 1) Emergency call is completed; or
+     * 2) Another setRadioPower_1_5 is issued with forEmergencyCall being false or
+     * preferredForEmergencyCall being false; or
+     * 3) Timeout after a long period of time.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param powerOn To turn on radio -> on = true, to turn off radio -> on = false.
+     * @param forEmergencyCall To indication to radio if this request is due to emergency call.
+     *      No effect if powerOn is false.
+     * @param preferredForEmergencyCall indicate whether the following emergency call will be sent
+     *      on this modem or not. No effect if forEmergencyCall is false, or powerOn is false.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioConfigResponse. setRadioPowerResponse_1_5.
+     */
+    oneway setRadioPower_1_5(int32_t serial, bool powerOn, bool forEmergencyCall,
+            bool preferredForEmergencyCall);
+
+    /**
+     * Sets the indication filter.
+     *
+     * Prevents the reporting of specified unsolicited indications from the radio. This is used
+     * for power saving in instances when those indications are not needed. If unset, defaults to
+     * @1.5::IndicationFilter:ALL.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param indicationFilter 32-bit bitmap of IndicationFilter. Bits set to 1 indicate the
+     *     indications are enabled. See @1.5::IndicationFilter for the definition of each bit.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.setIndicationFilterResponse()
+     */
+    oneway setIndicationFilter_1_5(int32_t serial, bitfield<IndicationFilter> indicationFilter);
+
+    /**
+     * Get all the barring info for the current camped cell applicable to the current user.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.getBarringInfoResponse()
+     */
+    oneway getBarringInfo(int32_t serial);
+
+    /**
+     * Request current voice registration state.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     *
+     * Response function is IRadioResponse.getVoiceRegistrationStateResponse_1_5()
+     */
+    oneway getVoiceRegistrationState_1_5(int32_t serial);
+
+    /**
+     * Request current data registration state.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     *
+     * Response function is IRadioResponse.getDataRegistrationStateResponse_1_5()
+     */
+    oneway getDataRegistrationState_1_5(int32_t serial);
+
+    /*
+     * Manually select a specified network.
+     * This request must not respond until the new operator is selected and registered.
+     * Per TS 23.122, the RAN is just the initial suggested value.
+     * If registration fails, the RAN is not available afterwards, or the RAN is not within
+     * the network types specified by IRadio::setPreferredNetworkTypeBitmap, then the modem
+     * will need to select the next best RAN for network registration.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param operatorNumeric String specifying MCCMNC of network to select (eg "310170").
+     * @param ran Initial suggested radio access network type. If value is UNKNOWN, the modem
+     *     will select the next best RAN for network registration.
+     *
+     * Response function is IRadioResponse.setNetworkSelectionModeManualResponse_1_5()
+     */
+    oneway setNetworkSelectionModeManual_1_5(int32_t serial, string operatorNumeric,
+            RadioAccessNetworks ran);
+
+    /**
+     * Send an SMS message. Identical to sendCdmaSms,
+     * except that more messages are expected to be sent soon.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param sms Cdma Sms to be sent described by CdmaSmsMessage in types.hal
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.sendCdmaSMSExpectMoreResponse()
+     */
+    oneway sendCdmaSmsExpectMore(int32_t serial, CdmaSmsMessage sms);
+
+    /**
+     * Requests that deactivates one category of the device personalization.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     * @param persoType SIM personalization type.
+     * @param controlKey depersonalization code corresponding to persoType
+     *
+     * Response function is IRadioResponse.supplySimDepersonalizationResponse()
+     */
+    oneway supplySimDepersonalization(int32_t serial, PersoSubstate persoType, string controlKey);
 };
diff --git a/radio/1.5/IRadioIndication.hal b/radio/1.5/IRadioIndication.hal
index d488404..c40b473 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/IRadioIndication.hal
+++ b/radio/1.5/IRadioIndication.hal
@@ -23,4 +23,76 @@
  * Interface declaring unsolicited radio indications.
  */
 interface IRadioIndication extends @1.4::IRadioIndication {
+    /**
+     * Report change of whether uiccApplications are enabled, or disabled.
+     *
+     * @param type Type of radio indication
+     * @param enabled whether uiccApplications are enabled, or disabled
+     */
+    oneway uiccApplicationsEnablementChanged(RadioIndicationType type, bool enabled);
+
+    /**
+     * Report that Registration or a Location/Routing/Tracking Area update has failed.
+     *
+     * <p>Indicate whenever a registration procedure, including a location, routing, or tracking
+     * area update fails. This includes procedures that do not necessarily result in a change of
+     * the modem's registration status. If the modem's registration status changes, that is
+     * reflected in the onNetworkStateChanged() and subsequent get{Voice/Data}RegistrationState().
+     *
+     * @param cellIdentity the CellIdentity, which must include the globally unique identifier for
+     *        the cell (for example, all components of the CGI or ECGI).
+     * @param chosenPlmn a 5 or 6 digit alphanumeric PLMN (MCC|MNC) among those broadcast by the
+     *        cell that was chosen for the failed registration attempt.
+     * @param domain Domain::CS, Domain::PS, or both in case of a combined procedure.
+     * @param causeCode the primary failure cause code of the procedure.
+     *        For GSM/UMTS (MM), values are in TS 24.008 Sec 10.5.95
+     *        For GSM/UMTS (GMM), values are in TS 24.008 Sec 10.5.147
+     *        For LTE (EMM), cause codes are TS 24.301 Sec 9.9.3.9
+     *        For NR (5GMM), cause codes are TS 24.501 Sec 9.11.3.2
+     *        MAX_INT if this value is unused.
+     * @param additionalCauseCode the cause code of any secondary/combined procedure if appropriate.
+     *        For UMTS, if a combined attach succeeds for PS only, then the GMM cause code shall be
+     *        included as an additionalCauseCode.
+     *        For LTE (ESM), cause codes are in TS 24.301 9.9.4.4
+     *        MAX_INT if this value is unused.
+     */
+    oneway registrationFailed(
+            RadioIndicationType type, CellIdentity cellIdentity, string chosenPlmn,
+            bitfield<Domain> domain, int32_t causeCode, int32_t additionalCauseCode);
+
+    /**
+     * Indicate barring information for the user’s access category / access class and PLMN.
+     *
+     * <p>Provide information about the barring status of the cell for the user. The information
+     * provided should describe all barring configurations that are applicable to the current user,
+     * even if the user is not currently barred (due to conditional barring). This informs Android
+     * of likely future (statistical) barring for specific services.
+     *
+     * <p>This indication should be sent whenever the cell’s barring config changes for the current
+     * user, or if the user’s conditional barring status changes due to re-evaluation of the
+     * barring conditions. Barring status will likely change when the device camps for service,
+     * when PLMN selection is completed, when the device attempts to access a conditionally barred
+     * service, and when the System Information including barring info for a camped cell is updated.
+     */
+    oneway barringInfoChanged(
+            RadioIndicationType type, CellIdentity cellIdentity, vec<BarringInfo> barringInfos);
+
+    /**
+     * Report all of the current cell information known to the radio.
+     *
+     * This indication is updated from IRadioIndication@1.4 to report the @1.5 version of
+     * CellInfo.
+     *
+     * @param type Type of radio indication
+     * @param records Current cell information
+     */
+    oneway cellInfoList_1_5(RadioIndicationType type, vec<CellInfo> records);
+
+    /**
+     * Incremental network scan results.
+     *
+     * This indication is updated from IRadioIndication@1.4 to report the @1.5 version of
+     * CellInfo.
+     */
+    oneway networkScanResult_1_5(RadioIndicationType type, NetworkScanResult result);
 };
diff --git a/radio/1.5/IRadioResponse.hal b/radio/1.5/IRadioResponse.hal
index d4c4f76..aa8b526 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/IRadioResponse.hal
+++ b/radio/1.5/IRadioResponse.hal
@@ -17,10 +17,277 @@
 package android.hardware.radio@1.5;
 
 import @1.0::RadioResponseInfo;
+import @1.0::SendSmsResult;
 import @1.4::IRadioResponse;
+import @1.5::BarringInfo;
+import @1.5::CellInfo;
+import @1.5::PersoSubstate;
+import @1.5::RegStateResult;
+import @1.5::SetupDataCallResult;
 
 /**
  * Interface declaring response functions to solicited radio requests.
  */
 interface IRadioResponse extends @1.4::IRadioResponse {
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     */
+    oneway setSignalStrengthReportingCriteriaResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:SIM_ABSENT
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:BUSY
+     */
+    oneway enableUiccApplicationsResponse(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param enabled whether Uicc applications are enabled.
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:SIM_ABSENT
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     */
+    oneway areUiccApplicationsEnabledResponse(RadioResponseInfo info, bool enabled);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     */
+    oneway setSystemSelectionChannelsResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:DEVICE_IN_USE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     */
+    oneway startNetworkScanResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param dcResponse SetupDataCallResult defined in types.hal
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE must be returned on both success and failure of setup with the
+     *              DataCallResponse.status containing the actual status
+     *              For all other errors the DataCallResponse is ignored.
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:OP_NOT_ALLOWED_BEFORE_REG_TO_NW
+     *   RadioError:OP_NOT_ALLOWED_DURING_VOICE_CALL
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:SIM_ABSENT
+     */
+    oneway setupDataCallResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info, SetupDataCallResult dcResponse);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:SUBSCRIPTION_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:NO_MEMORY
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:SYSTEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:NOT_PROVISIONED
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:CANCELLED
+     */
+    oneway setInitialAttachApnResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:SUBSCRIPTION_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:NO_MEMORY
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:CANCELLED
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     *   RadioError:SIM_ABSENT
+     */
+    oneway setDataProfileResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     */
+    oneway setRadioPowerResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:SYSTEM_ERR
+     */
+    oneway setIndicationFilterResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param barringInfos a vector of barring info for all barring service types
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
+     */
+    oneway getBarringInfoResponse(RadioResponseInfo info, vec<BarringInfo> barringInfos);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param voiceRegResponse Current Voice registration response as defined by RegStateResult
+     *        in types.hal
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     */
+    oneway getVoiceRegistrationStateResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info,
+            RegStateResult voiceRegResponse);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param dataRegResponse Current Data registration response as defined by RegStateResult in
+     *        types.hal
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:NOT_PROVISIONED
+     */
+    oneway getDataRegistrationStateResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info,
+            RegStateResult dataRegResponse);
+
+    /**
+     * This is identitcal to getCellInfoListResponse_1_4 but uses an updated version of CellInfo.
+     *
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param cellInfo List of current cell information known to radio
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     */
+    oneway getCellInfoListResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info, vec<CellInfo> cellInfo);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:ILLEGAL_SIM_OR_ME
+     *   RadioError:OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_STATE
+     *   RadioError:NO_MEMORY
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:SYSTEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:CANCELLED
+     *
+     * Returns RadioError:ILLEGAL_SIM_OR_ME when the failure is permanent and
+     * no retries needed, such as illegal SIM or ME.
+     */
+    oneway setNetworkSelectionModeManualResponse_1_5(RadioResponseInfo info);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param sms Response to sms sent as defined by SendSmsResult in types.hal
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:SMS_SEND_FAIL_RETRY
+     *   RadioError:NETWORK_REJECT
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_STATE
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:NO_MEMORY
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_RATE_LIMITED
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_SMS_FORMAT
+     *   RadioError:SYSTEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:FDN_CHECK_FAILURE
+     *   RadioError:ENCODING_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_SMSC_ADDRESS
+     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:NETWORK_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_MODEM_STATE
+     *   RadioError:NETWORK_NOT_READY
+     *   RadioError:OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:CANCELLED
+     *   RadioError:SIM_ABSENT
+     */
+    oneway sendCdmaSmsExpectMoreResponse(RadioResponseInfo info, SendSmsResult sms);
+
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct contatining response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param persoType SIM Personalisation type
+     * @param remainingRetries postiive values indicates number of retries remaining,
+     * must be equal to -1 if number of retries is infinite.
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     *   RadioError:PASSWORD_INCORRECT (code is invalid)
+     *   RadioError:NO_MEMORY
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_SIM_STATE
+     *   RadioError:INTERNAL_ERR
+     *   RadioError:SYSTEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:MODEM_ERR
+     *   RadioError:INVALID_ARGUMENTS
+     *   RadioError:NO_RESOURCES
+     *   RadioError:REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED
+     */
+    oneway supplySimDepersonalizationResponse(RadioResponseInfo info,
+        PersoSubstate persoType, int32_t remainingRetries);
 };
diff --git a/radio/1.5/types.hal b/radio/1.5/types.hal
index a639a8d..a086833 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/types.hal
+++ b/radio/1.5/types.hal
@@ -15,3 +15,1030 @@
  */
 
 package android.hardware.radio@1.5;
+
+import @1.0::ApnAuthType;
+import @1.0::DataProfileId;
+import @1.0::DataProfileInfoType;
+import @1.0::GsmSignalStrength;
+import @1.0::LteSignalStrength;
+import @1.0::PersoSubstate;
+import @1.0::RadioError;
+import @1.0::RegState;
+import @1.0::TimeStampType;
+import @1.1::EutranBands;
+import @1.1::GeranBands;
+import @1.1::RadioAccessNetworks;
+import @1.1::ScanStatus;
+import @1.1::ScanType;
+import @1.1::UtranBands;
+import @1.2::CellConnectionStatus;
+import @1.2::CellIdentityCdma;
+import @1.2::CellIdentityGsm;
+import @1.2::CellIdentityWcdma;
+import @1.2::CellIdentityTdscdma;
+import @1.2::CellIdentityLte;
+import @1.2::CellInfoCdma;
+import @1.2::IndicationFilter;
+import @1.2::TdscdmaSignalStrength;
+import @1.2::WcdmaSignalStrength;
+import @1.4::AccessNetwork;
+import @1.4::ApnTypes;
+import @1.4::CellIdentityNr;
+import @1.4::DataCallFailCause;
+import @1.4::DataConnActiveStatus;
+import @1.4::LteVopsInfo;
+import @1.4::NrIndicators;
+import @1.4::NrSignalStrength;
+import @1.4::PdpProtocolType;
+import @1.4::RadioAccessFamily;
+import @1.4::RadioTechnology;
+
+import android.hidl.safe_union@1.0::Monostate;
+
+/**
+ * Defining signal strength type.
+ */
+enum SignalMeasurementType : int32_t {
+    /**
+     * Received Signal Strength Indication.
+     * Range: -113 dBm and -51 dBm
+     * Used RAN: GERAN, CDMA2000
+     * Reference: 3GPP TS 27.007 section 8.5.
+     */
+    RSSI = 1,
+    /**
+     * Received Signal Code Power.
+     * Range: -120 dBm to -25 dBm;
+     * Used RAN: UTRAN
+     * Reference: 3GPP TS 25.123, section 9.1.1.1
+     */
+    RSCP = 2,
+    /**
+     * Reference Signal Received Power.
+     * Range: -140 dBm to -44 dBm;
+     * Used RAN: EUTRAN
+     * Reference: 3GPP TS 36.133 9.1.4
+     */
+    RSRP = 3,
+    /**
+     * Reference Signal Received Quality
+     * Range: -34 dB to 3 dB;
+     * Used RAN: EUTRAN
+     * Reference: 3GPP TS 36.133 v12.6.0 section 9.1.7
+     */
+    RSRQ = 4,
+    /**
+     * Reference Signal Signal to Noise Ratio
+     * Range: -20 dB to 30 dB;
+     * Used RAN: EUTRAN
+     * Note: this field is optional; how to support it can be decided by the
+     * corresponding vendor. Though the response code is not enforced,
+     * vendor's implementation must ensure this interface not crashing.
+     */
+    RSSNR = 5,
+    /**
+     * 5G SS reference signal received power.
+     * Range: -140 dBm to -44 dBm.
+     * Used RAN: NGRAN
+     * Reference: 3GPP TS 38.215.
+     */
+    SSRSRP = 6,
+    /**
+     * 5G SS reference signal received quality.
+     * Range: -20 dB to -3 dB.
+     * Used RAN: NGRAN
+     * Reference: 3GPP TS 38.215.
+     */
+    SSRSRQ = 7,
+    /**
+     * 5G SS signal-to-noise and interference ratio.
+     * Range: -23 dB to 40 dB
+     * Used RAN: NGRAN
+     * Reference: 3GPP TS 38.215 section 5.1.*, 3GPP TS 38.133 section 10.1.16.1.
+     */
+    SSSINR = 8,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Contains the threshold values of each signal measurement type.
+ */
+struct SignalThresholdInfo {
+    /** Signal Measurement Type */
+    SignalMeasurementType signalMeasurement;
+
+    /** A hysteresis time in milliseconds to prevent flapping. A value of 0 disables hysteresis. */
+    int32_t hysteresisMs;
+
+    /**
+     * An interval in dB defining the required magnitude change between reports.
+     * hysteresisDb must be smaller than the smallest threshold delta.
+     * An interval value of 0 disables hysteresis.
+     */
+    int32_t hysteresisDb;
+
+    /**
+     * List of threshold values.
+     * Range and unit must reference specific @1.5::SignalMeasurementType.
+     * The threshold values for which to apply criteria.
+     * A vector size of 0 disables the use of thresholds for reporting.
+     */
+    vec<int32_t> thresholds;
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates whether the reporting criteria of the corresponding measurement is enabled
+     * (isEnabled==true) or disabled (isEnabled==false).
+     *
+     * If enabled, modem must trigger the report based on the criteria.
+     * If disabled, modem must not trigger the report based on the criteria.
+     */
+    bool isEnabled;
+};
+
+enum AccessNetwork : @1.4::AccessNetwork {
+    /**
+     *  Next-Generation Radio Access Network (NGRAN)
+     */
+    NGRAN = 6,
+};
+
+enum RadioAccessNetworks : @1.1::RadioAccessNetworks {
+    UNKNOWN = 0,
+    /** Next Generation Radio Access Network */
+    NGRAN = 4,
+    /** CDMA 2000 Network */
+    CDMA2000 = 5,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Overwritten from @1.1::RadioAccessSpecifier to add NGRAN and NgranBands.
+ */
+struct RadioAccessSpecifier {
+    /**
+     * The type of network to scan.
+     */
+    RadioAccessNetworks radioAccessNetwork;
+
+    /**
+     * The frequency bands to scan.
+     * Maximum length of the vector is 8.
+     */
+    safe_union Bands {
+        /** Valid only if radioAccessNetwork = GERAN. */
+        vec<GeranBands> geranBands;
+        /** Valid only if radioAccessNetwork = UTRAN. */
+        vec<UtranBands> utranBands;
+        /** Valid only if radioAccessNetwork = EUTRAN. */
+        vec<EutranBands> eutranBands;
+        /** Valid only if radioAccessNetwork = NGRAN. */
+        vec<NgranBands> ngranBands;
+    } bands;
+
+    /**
+     * The radio channels to scan as defined in 3GPP TS 25.101 and 36.101.
+     * Maximum length of the vector is 32.
+     */
+    vec<int32_t> channels;
+};
+
+enum NgranBands : int32_t {
+    /** 3GPP TS 38.101-1, Table 5.2-1: FR1 bands */
+    BAND_1 = 1,
+    BAND_2 = 2,
+    BAND_3 = 3,
+    BAND_5 = 5,
+    BAND_7 = 7,
+    BAND_8 = 8,
+    BAND_12 = 12,
+    BAND_14 = 14,
+    BAND_18 = 18,
+    BAND_20 = 20,
+    BAND_25 = 25,
+    BAND_28 = 28,
+    BAND_29 = 29,
+    BAND_30 = 30,
+    BAND_34 = 34,
+    BAND_38 = 38,
+    BAND_39 = 39,
+    BAND_40 = 40,
+    BAND_41 = 41,
+    BAND_48 = 48,
+    BAND_50 = 50,
+    BAND_51 = 51,
+    BAND_65 = 65,
+    BAND_66 = 66,
+    BAND_70 = 70,
+    BAND_71 = 71,
+    BAND_74 = 74,
+    BAND_75 = 75,
+    BAND_76 = 76,
+    BAND_77 = 77,
+    BAND_78 = 78,
+    BAND_79 = 79,
+    BAND_80 = 80,
+    BAND_81 = 81,
+    BAND_82 = 82,
+    BAND_83 = 83,
+    BAND_84 = 84,
+    BAND_86 = 86,
+    BAND_90 = 90,
+    /** 3GPP TS 38.101-2, Table 5.2-1: FR2 bands */
+    BAND_257 = 257,
+    BAND_258 = 258,
+    BAND_260 = 260,
+    BAND_261 = 261,
+};
+
+enum UtranBands : @1.1::UtranBands {
+    /** TD-SCDMA bands. 3GPP TS 25.102, Table 5.2: Frequency bands */
+    BAND_A = 101,
+    BAND_B = 102,
+    BAND_C = 103,
+    BAND_D = 104,
+    BAND_E = 105,
+    BAND_F = 106,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Overwritten from @1.2::NetworkScanRequest to update RadioAccessSpecifier to 1.5 version.
+ */
+struct NetworkScanRequest {
+    ScanType type;
+
+    /**
+     * Time interval in seconds between the completion of one scan and the start of
+     * a subsequent scan.
+     * Implementations may ignore this field unless the 'type' is 'PERIODIC'.
+     * Range: ScanIntervalRange:MIN to ScanIntervalRange:MAX
+     */
+    int32_t interval;
+
+    /**
+     * Networks with bands/channels to scan
+     * Maximum length of the vector is RadioConst:RADIO_ACCESS_SPECIFIER_MAX_SIZE
+     */
+    vec<RadioAccessSpecifier> specifiers;
+
+    /**
+     * Maximum duration of the periodic search (in seconds).
+     * If the search lasts maxSearchTime, it must be terminated.
+     * Range: MaxSearchTimeRange:MIN to MaxSearchTimeRange:MAX
+     */
+    int32_t maxSearchTime;
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates whether the modem must report incremental results of the network scan
+     * to the client.
+     * FALSE – Incremental results must not be reported.
+     * TRUE  – Incremental must be reported.
+     */
+    bool incrementalResults;
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates the periodicity with which the modem must report incremental results to
+     * the client (in seconds).
+     * Implementations may ignore this value if the incremental results are not requested.
+     * This value must be less than or equal to maxSearchTime.
+     * Range: IncrementalResultsPeriodicityRange:MIN to IncrementalResultsPeriodicityRange:MAX
+     */
+    int32_t incrementalResultsPeriodicity;
+
+    /**
+     * Describes the List of PLMN ids (MCC-MNC)
+     * If any PLMN of this list is found, search must end at that point and results with all
+     * PLMN found until that point should be sent as response.
+     * If the list is not sent, search to be completed until end and all PLMNs found to be
+     * reported.
+     */
+    vec<string> mccMncs;
+};
+
+enum ApnTypes : @1.4::ApnTypes {
+    /**
+     * APN type for XCAP
+     * NOTE: Due to the addition of this new value, the value ALL defined in
+     * 1.0::ApnTypes is deprecated and should not be used.
+     */
+    XCAP = 1 << 11,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Overwritten from @1.4::DataProfileInfo to update ApnTypes to 1.5 version and replace mtu with
+ * mtuV4 and mtuV6. In the future, this must be extended instead of overwritten.
+ */
+struct DataProfileInfo {
+    /** ID of the data profile. */
+    DataProfileId profileId;
+
+    /** The APN name. */
+    string apn;
+
+    /** PDP_type values. */
+    PdpProtocolType protocol;
+
+    /** PDP_type values used on roaming network. */
+    PdpProtocolType roamingProtocol;
+
+    /** APN authentication type. */
+    ApnAuthType authType;
+
+    /** The username for APN, or empty string. */
+    string user;
+
+    /** The password for APN, or empty string. */
+    string password;
+
+    /** Data profile technology type. */
+    DataProfileInfoType type;
+
+    /** The period in seconds to limit the maximum connections. */
+    int32_t maxConnsTime;
+
+    /** The maximum connections during maxConnsTime. */
+    int32_t maxConns;
+
+    /**
+     * The required wait time in seconds after a successful UE initiated disconnect of a given PDN
+     * connection before the device can send a new PDN connection request for that given PDN.
+     */
+    int32_t waitTime;
+
+    /** True to enable the profile, false to disable. */
+    bool enabled;
+
+    /** Supported APN types bitmap. See ApnTypes for the value of each bit. */
+    bitfield<ApnTypes> supportedApnTypesBitmap;
+
+    /** The bearer bitmap. See RadioAccessFamily for the value of each bit. */
+    bitfield<RadioAccessFamily> bearerBitmap;
+
+    /** Maximum transmission unit (MTU) size in bytes for IPv4. */
+    int32_t mtuV4;
+
+    /** Maximum transmission unit (MTU) size in bytes for IPv6. */
+    int32_t mtuV6;
+
+    /**
+     * True if this data profile was used to bring up the last default (i.e internet) data
+     * connection successfully.
+     */
+    bool preferred;
+
+    /**
+     * If true, modem must persist this data profile and profileId must not be
+     * set to DataProfileId.INVALID. If the same data profile exists, this data profile must
+     * overwrite it.
+     */
+    bool persistent;
+};
+
+/**
+ * The properties of the link address. This enum reflects the definition in
+ * if_addr.h in Linux kernel.
+ */
+enum AddressProperty : int32_t {
+    NONE = 0,
+
+    /** Indicates this address is deprecated */
+    DEPRECATED = 0x20,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Describes a data link address for mobile data connection.
+ */
+struct LinkAddress {
+    /**
+     * The format is IP address with optional "/"
+     * prefix length (The format is defined in RFC-4291 section 2.3). For example, "192.0.1.3",
+     * "192.0.1.11/16", or "2001:db8::1/64". Typically one IPv4 or one IPv6 or one of each. If
+     * the prefix length is absent, then the addresses are assumed to be point to point with
+     * IPv4 with prefix length 32 or IPv6 with prefix length 128.
+     */
+    string address;
+
+    /**
+     * The properties of the link address
+     */
+    bitfield<AddressProperty> properties;
+
+    /**
+     * The time, as reported by SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), when this link address will be or
+     * was deprecated. -1 indicates this information is not available. At the time existing
+     * connections can still use this address until it expires, but new connections should use the
+     * new address. LONG_MAX(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) indicates this link address will never be
+     * deprecated.
+     */
+    uint64_t deprecationTime;
+
+    /**
+     * The time, as reported by SystemClock.elapsedRealtime(), when this link address will expire
+     * and be removed from the interface. -1 indicates this information is not available.
+     * LONG_MAX(0x7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF) indicates this link address will never expire.
+     */
+    uint64_t expirationTime;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Overwritten from @1.4::SetupDataCallResult in order to update the addresses to 1.5 version.
+ * In 1.5 the type of addresses changes to vector of LinkAddress, and mtu is replaced by
+ * mtuV4 and mtuV6.
+ */
+struct SetupDataCallResult {
+    /** Data call fail cause. DataCallFailCause.NONE if no error. */
+    DataCallFailCause cause;
+
+    /**
+     * If status != DataCallFailCause.NONE, this field indicates the suggested retry back-off timer
+     * value RIL wants to override the one pre-configured in FW. The unit is milliseconds.
+     * The value < 0 means no value is suggested.
+     * The value 0 means retry must be done ASAP.
+     * The value of INT_MAX(0x7fffffff) means no retry.
+     */
+    int32_t suggestedRetryTime;
+
+    /** Context ID, uniquely identifies this call. */
+    int32_t cid;
+
+    /** Data connection active status. */
+    DataConnActiveStatus active;
+
+    /**
+     * PDP_type values. If cause is DataCallFailCause.ONLY_SINGLE_BEARER_ALLOWED, this is the type
+     * supported such as "IP" or "IPV6".
+     */
+    PdpProtocolType type;
+
+    /** The network interface name. */
+    string ifname;
+
+    /**
+     * List of link address.
+     */
+    vec<LinkAddress> addresses;
+
+    /**
+     * List of DNS server addresses, e.g., "192.0.1.3" or "192.0.1.11 2001:db8::1". Empty if no dns
+     * server addresses returned.
+     */
+    vec<string> dnses;
+
+    /**
+     * List of default gateway addresses, e.g., "192.0.1.3" or "192.0.1.11 2001:db8::1".
+     * When empty, the addresses represent point to point connections.
+     */
+    vec<string> gateways;
+
+    /**
+     * List of P-CSCF(Proxy Call State Control Function) addresses via PCO(Protocol Configuration
+     * Option), e.g., "2001:db8::1 2001:db8::2 2001:db8::3". Empty if not IMS client.
+     */
+    vec<string> pcscf;
+
+    /**
+     * MTU received from network for IPv4.
+     * Value <= 0 means network has either not sent a value or sent an invalid value.
+     */
+    int32_t mtuV4;
+
+    /**
+     * MTU received from network for IPv6.
+     * Value <= 0 means network has either not sent a value or sent an invalid value.
+     */
+    int32_t mtuV6;
+};
+
+enum Domain : int32_t {
+    /** Circuit-switched */
+    CS = 1 << 0,
+
+    /** Packet-switched */
+    PS = 1 << 1,
+};
+
+struct ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo {
+    /**
+     * Indicates whether the cell is restricted to only CSG members. A cell not broadcasting the
+     * CSG Indication but reporting CSG information is considered a Hybrid Cell.
+     * Refer to the "csg-Indication" field in 3GPP TS 36.331 section 6.2.2
+     * SystemInformationBlockType1.
+     * Also refer to "CSG Indicator" in 3GPP TS 25.331 section 10.2.48.8.1 and TS 25.304.
+     */
+    bool csgIndication;
+
+    /**
+     * The human-readable name of the closed subscriber group operating this cell.
+     * Refer to "hnb-Name" in TS 36.331 section 6.2.2 SystemInformationBlockType9.
+     * Also refer to "HNB Name" in 3GPP TS25.331 section 10.2.48.8.23 and TS 23.003 section 4.8.
+     */
+    string homeNodebName;
+
+    /**
+     * The identity of the closed subscriber group that the cell belongs to.
+     * Refer to "CSG-Identity" in TS 36.336 section 6.3.4.
+     * Also refer to "CSG Identity" in 3GPP TS 25.331 section 10.3.2.8 and TS 23.003 section 4.7.
+     */
+    int32_t csgIdentity;
+};
+
+safe_union OptionalCsgInfo {
+    /**
+     * If no CSG info is provided by the cell, then this structure shall be present.
+     */
+    Monostate noinit;
+
+    /**
+     * If CSG info is provided by the cell, this structure shall be present.
+     */
+    ClosedSubscriberGroupInfo csgInfo;
+};
+
+struct CellIdentityGsm {
+    /**
+     * The fields "mcc" and "mnc" must contain the PLMN-ID of the primary PLMN of this cell.
+     */
+    @1.2::CellIdentityGsm base;
+
+    /** Additional PLMN-IDs beyond the primary PLMN broadcast for this cell */
+    vec<string> additionalPlmns;
+};
+
+struct CellIdentityWcdma {
+    /**
+     * The fields "mcc" and "mnc" must contain the PLMN-ID of the primary PLMN of this cell.
+     */
+    @1.2::CellIdentityWcdma base;
+
+    /** Additional PLMN-IDs beyond the primary PLMN broadcast for this cell */
+    vec<string> additionalPlmns;
+
+    /** Information about any closed subscriber group ID for this cell */
+    OptionalCsgInfo optionalCsgInfo;
+};
+
+struct CellIdentityTdscdma {
+    /**
+     * The fields "mcc" and "mnc" must contain the PLMN-ID of the primary PLMN of this cell.
+     */
+    @1.2::CellIdentityTdscdma base;
+
+    /** Additional PLMN-IDs beyond the primary PLMN broadcast for this cell */
+    vec<string> additionalPlmns;
+
+    /** Information about any closed subscriber group ID for this cell */
+    OptionalCsgInfo optionalCsgInfo;
+};
+
+struct CellIdentityLte {
+    /**
+     * The fields "mcc" and "mnc" must contain the PLMN-ID of the primary PLMN of this cell.
+     */
+    @1.2::CellIdentityLte base;
+
+    /** Additional PLMN-IDs beyond the primary PLMN broadcast for this cell */
+    vec<string> additionalPlmns;
+
+    /** Information about any closed subscriber group ID for this cell */
+    OptionalCsgInfo optionalCsgInfo;
+
+    /** Bands used by the cell. */
+    vec<EutranBands> bands;
+};
+
+/**
+ * The CellIdentity structure should be reported once for each element of the PLMN-IdentityInfoList
+ * broadcast in SIB1 CellAccessRelatedInfo as per 3GPP TS 38.331 Section 6.3.2.
+ */
+struct CellIdentityNr {
+    /**
+     * The fields "mcc" and "mnc" must contain the PLMN-ID of the primary PLMN of this cell.
+     */
+    @1.4::CellIdentityNr base;
+
+    /** Additional PLMN-IDs beyond the primary PLMN broadcast for this cell */
+    vec<string> additionalPlmns;
+
+    /** Bands used by the cell. */
+    vec<NgranBands> bands;
+};
+
+struct CellInfoGsm {
+    CellIdentityGsm cellIdentityGsm;
+    GsmSignalStrength signalStrengthGsm;
+};
+
+struct CellInfoWcdma {
+    CellIdentityWcdma cellIdentityWcdma;
+    WcdmaSignalStrength signalStrengthWcdma;
+};
+
+struct CellInfoTdscdma {
+    CellIdentityTdscdma cellIdentityTdscdma;
+    TdscdmaSignalStrength signalStrengthTdscdma;
+};
+
+struct CellInfoLte {
+    CellIdentityLte cellIdentityLte;
+    LteSignalStrength signalStrengthLte;
+};
+
+struct CellInfoNr {
+    CellIdentityNr cellIdentityNr;
+    NrSignalStrength signalStrengthNr;
+};
+
+struct CellInfo {
+    /**
+     * True if this cell is registered false if not registered.
+     */
+    bool registered;
+    /**
+     * Type of time stamp represented by timeStamp.
+     */
+    TimeStampType timeStampType;
+    /**
+     * Time in nanos as returned by ril_nano_time.
+     */
+    uint64_t timeStamp;
+    /**
+     * Connection status for the cell.
+     */
+    CellConnectionStatus connectionStatus;
+
+    safe_union CellInfoRatSpecificInfo {
+        /**
+         * 3gpp CellInfo types.
+         */
+        CellInfoGsm gsm;
+        CellInfoWcdma wcdma;
+        CellInfoTdscdma tdscdma;
+        CellInfoLte lte;
+        CellInfoNr nr;
+
+        /**
+         * 3gpp2 CellInfo types;
+         */
+        CellInfoCdma cdma;
+    } ratSpecificInfo;
+};
+
+/** A union representing the CellIdentity of a single cell. */
+safe_union CellIdentity {
+    Monostate noinit;
+
+    CellIdentityGsm gsm;
+    CellIdentityWcdma wcdma;
+    CellIdentityTdscdma tdscdma;
+    CellIdentityCdma cdma;
+    CellIdentityLte lte;
+    CellIdentityNr nr;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Combined list of barring services for UTRAN, EUTRAN, and NGRAN.
+ *
+ * Barring information is defined in:
+ * -UTRAN - 3gpp 25.331 Sec 10.2.48.8.6.
+ * -EUTRAN - 3gpp 36.331 Sec 6.3.1 SystemInformationBlockType2
+ * -NGRAN - 3gpp 38.331 Sec 6.3.2 UAC-BarringInfo and 22.261 Sec 6.22.2.[2-3]
+ */
+enum BarringServiceType : int32_t {
+    /** Applicable to UTRAN */
+    /** Barring for all CS services, including registration */
+    CS_SERVICE,
+    /** Barring for all PS services, including registration */
+    PS_SERVICE,
+    /** Barring for mobile-originated circuit-switched voice calls */
+    CS_VOICE,
+
+    /** Applicable to EUTRAN, NGRAN */
+    /** Barring for mobile-originated signalling for any purpose */
+    MO_SIGNALLING,
+    /** Barring for mobile-originated internet or other interactive data */
+    MO_DATA,
+    /** Barring for circuit-switched fallback calling */
+    CS_FALLBACK,
+    /** Barring for IMS voice calling */
+    MMTEL_VOICE,
+    /** Barring for IMS video calling */
+    MMTEL_VIDEO,
+
+    /** Applicable to UTRAN, EUTRAN, NGRAN */
+    /** Barring for emergency services, either CS or emergency MMTEL */
+    EMERGENCY,
+    /** Barring for short message services */
+    SMS,
+
+    /** Operator-specific barring codes; applicable to NGRAN */
+    OPERATOR_1 = 1001,
+    OPERATOR_2 = 1002,
+    OPERATOR_3 = 1003,
+    OPERATOR_4 = 1004,
+    OPERATOR_5 = 1005,
+    OPERATOR_6 = 1006,
+    OPERATOR_7 = 1007,
+    OPERATOR_8 = 1008,
+    OPERATOR_9 = 1009,
+    OPERATOR_10 = 1010,
+    OPERATOR_11 = 1011,
+    OPERATOR_12 = 1012,
+    OPERATOR_13 = 1013,
+    OPERATOR_14 = 1014,
+    OPERATOR_15 = 1015,
+    OPERATOR_16 = 1016,
+    OPERATOR_17 = 1017,
+    OPERATOR_18 = 1018,
+    OPERATOR_19 = 1019,
+    OPERATOR_20 = 1020,
+    OPERATOR_21 = 1021,
+    OPERATOR_22 = 1022,
+    OPERATOR_23 = 1023,
+    OPERATOR_24 = 1024,
+    OPERATOR_25 = 1025,
+    OPERATOR_26 = 1026,
+    OPERATOR_27 = 1027,
+    OPERATOR_28 = 1028,
+    OPERATOR_29 = 1029,
+    OPERATOR_30 = 1030,
+    OPERATOR_31 = 1031,
+    OPERATOR_32 = 1032,
+};
+
+enum BarringType : int32_t {
+    /** Device is not barred for the given service */
+    NONE,
+    /** Device may be barred based on time and probability factors */
+    CONDITIONAL,
+    /* Device is unconditionally barred */
+    UNCONDITIONAL,
+};
+
+struct ConditionalBarringInfo {
+    /** The barring factor as a percentage 0-100 */
+    int32_t barringFactor;
+
+    /** The number of seconds between re-evaluations of barring */
+    int32_t barringTimeSeconds;
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates whether barring is currently being applied.
+     *
+     * <p>True if the UE applies barring to a conditionally barred
+     * service based on the conditional barring parameters.
+     *
+     * <p>False if the service is conditionally barred but barring
+     * is not currently applied, which could be due to either the
+     * barring criteria not having been evaluated (if the UE has not
+     * attempted to use the service) or due to the criteria being
+     * evaluated and the UE being permitted to use the service
+     * despite conditional barring.
+     */
+    bool isBarred;
+};
+
+safe_union BarringTypeSpecificInfo {
+    /** Barring type is either none or unconditional */
+    Monostate noinit;
+
+    /** Must be included if barring is conditional */
+    ConditionalBarringInfo conditionalBarringInfo;
+};
+
+struct BarringInfo {
+    /** Barring service */
+    BarringServiceType service;
+
+    /** The type of barring applied to the service */
+    BarringType type;
+
+    /** Type-specific barring info if applicable */
+    BarringTypeSpecificInfo typeSpecificInfo;
+};
+
+enum IndicationFilter : @1.2::IndicationFilter {
+    /** Control the unsolicited sending of registration failure reports via onRegistrationFailed */
+    REGISTRATION_FAILURE = 1 << 5,
+    /** Control the unsolicited sending of barring info updates via onBarringInfo */
+    BARRING_INFO = 1 << 6,
+};
+
+/**
+ * Call fail causes for Circuit-switched service enumerated in 3GPP TS 24.008, 10.5.3.6 and
+ * 10.5.147. Additional detail is available in 3GPP TS 24.008 Annex G.
+ */
+enum RegistrationFailCause : int32_t {
+    /** 0 - None */
+    NONE = 0,
+    /** 2 - IMSI unknown in HLR */
+    IMSI_UNKNOWN_IN_HLR = 2,
+    /** 3 - Illegal MS */
+    ILLEGAL_MS = 3,
+    /** 4 - Illegal ME */
+    IMSI_UNKNOWN_IN_VLR = 4,
+    /** 5 - PLMN not allowed */
+    IMEI_NOT_ACCEPTED = 5,
+    /** 6 - Location area not allowed */
+    ILLEGAL_ME = 6,
+    /** 7 - Roaming not allowed */
+    GPRS_SERVICES_NOT_ALLOWED = 7,
+    /** 8 - No Suitable Cells in this Location Area */
+    GPRS_AND_NON_GPRS_SERVICES_NOT_ALLOWED = 8,
+    /** 9 - Network failure */
+    MS_IDENTITY_CANNOT_BE_DERIVED_BY_NETWORK = 9,
+    /** 10 - Persistent location update reject */
+    IMPLICITLY_DETACHED = 10,
+    /** 11 - PLMN not allowed */
+    PLMN_NOT_ALLOWED = 11,
+    /** 12 - Location area not allowed */
+    LOCATION_AREA_NOT_ALLOWED = 12,
+    /** 13 - Roaming not allowed in this Location Area */
+    ROAMING_NOT_ALLOWED = 13,
+    /** 14 - GPRS Services not allowed in this PLMN */
+    GPRS_SERVICES_NOT_ALLOWED_IN_PLMN = 14,
+    /** 15 - No Suitable Cells in this Location Area */
+    NO_SUITABLE_CELLS = 15,
+    /** 16 - MSC temporarily not reachable */
+    MSC_TEMPORARILY_NOT_REACHABLE = 15,
+    /** 17 - Network Failure */
+    NETWORK_FAILURE = 17,
+    /** 20 - MAC Failure */
+    MAC_FAILURE = 20,
+    /** 21 - Sync Failure */
+    SYNC_FAILURE = 21,
+    /** 22 - Congestion */
+    CONGESTION = 22,
+    /** 23 - GSM Authentication unacceptable */
+    GSM_AUTHENTICATION_UNACCEPTABLE = 23,
+    /** 25 - Not Authorized for this CSG */
+    NOT_AUTHORIZED_FOR_THIS_CSG = 25,
+    /** 28 SMS provided via GPRS in this routing area */
+    SMS_PROVIDED_BY_GPRS_IN_ROUTING_AREA,
+    /** 32 - Service option not supported */
+    SERVICE_OPTION_NOT_SUPPORTED = 32,
+    /** 33 - Requested service option not subscribed */
+    SERVICE_OPTION_NOT_SUBSCRIBED = 33,
+    /** 34 - Service option temporarily out of order */
+    SERVICE_OPTION_TEMPORARILY_OUT_OF_ORDER = 34,
+    /** 38 - Call cannot be identified */
+    CALL_CANNOT_BE_IDENTIFIED = 38,
+    /** 40 No PDP context activated */
+    NO_PDP_CONTEXT_ACTIVATED = 40,
+    /** 48-63 - Retry upon entry into a new cell */
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_1 = 48,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_2 = 49,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_3 = 50,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_4 = 51,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_5 = 52,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_6 = 53,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_7 = 54,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_8 = 55,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_9 = 56,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_10 = 57,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_11 = 58,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_12 = 59,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_13 = 60,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_14 = 61,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_15 = 62,
+    RETRY_UPON_ENTRY_INTO_NEW_CELL_16 = 63,
+    /** 95 - Semantically incorrect message */
+    SEMANTICALLY_INCORRECT_MESSAGE = 95,
+    /** 96 - Invalid mandatory information */
+    INVALID_MANDATORY_INFORMATION = 96,
+    /** 97 - Message type non-existent or not implemented */
+    MESSAGE_TYPE_NON_EXISTENT_OR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED = 97,
+    /** 98 - Message type not compatible with protocol state */
+    MESSAGE_TYPE_NOT_COMPATIBLE_WITH_PROTOCOL_STATE = 98,
+    /** 99 - Information element non-existent or not implemented */
+    INFORMATION_ELEMENT_NON_EXISTENT_OR_NOT_IMPLEMENTED = 99,
+    /** 100 - Conditional IE error */
+    CONDITIONAL_IE_ERROR = 100,
+    /** 101 - Message not compatible with protocol state */
+    MESSAGE_NOT_COMPATIBLE_WITH_PROTOCOL_STATE = 101,
+    /** 111 - Protocol error, unspecified */
+    PROTOCOL_ERROR_UNSPECIFIED = 111,
+};
+
+enum PrlIndicator : int32_t {
+    NOT_REGISTERED = -1,
+    NOT_IN_PRL = 0,
+    IN_PRL = 1,
+};
+
+struct RegStateResult {
+    /**
+     * Registration state
+     *
+     * If the RAT is indicated as a GERAN, UTRAN, or CDMA2000 technology, this value reports
+     * registration in the Circuit-switched domain.
+     * If the RAT is indicated as an EUTRAN, NGRAN, or another technology that does not support
+     * circuit-switched services, this value reports registration in the Packet-switched domain.
+     */
+    RegState regState;
+
+    /**
+     * Indicates the available voice radio technology, valid values as
+     * defined by RadioTechnology.
+     */
+    RadioTechnology rat;
+
+    /**
+     * Cause code reported by the network in case registration fails. This will be a mobility
+     * management cause code defined for MM, GMM, MME or equivalent as appropriate for the RAT.
+     */
+    RegistrationFailCause reasonForDenial;
+
+    /** CellIdentity */
+    CellIdentity cellIdentity;
+
+    /**
+     * The most-recent PLMN-ID upon which the UE registered (or attempted to register if a failure
+     * is reported in the reasonForDenial field). This PLMN shall be in standard format consisting
+     * of a 3 digit MCC concatenated with a 2 or 3 digit MNC.
+     */
+    string registeredPlmn;
+
+    /**
+     * Access-technology-specific registration information, such as for CDMA2000.
+     */
+    safe_union AccessTechnologySpecificInfo {
+        Monostate noinit;
+
+        struct Cdma2000RegistrationInfo {
+            /**
+             * Concurrent services support indicator. if registered on a CDMA system.
+             * false - Concurrent services not supported,
+             * true - Concurrent services supported
+             */
+            bool cssSupported;
+
+            /**
+             * TSB-58 Roaming Indicator if registered on a CDMA or EVDO system or -1 if not.
+             * Valid values are 0-255.
+             */
+            int32_t roamingIndicator;
+
+            /**
+             * Indicates whether the current system is in the PRL if registered on a CDMA or EVDO
+             * system or -1 if not. 0=not in the PRL, 1=in the PRL.
+             */
+            PrlIndicator systemIsInPrl;
+
+            /**
+             * Default Roaming Indicator from the PRL if registered on a CDMA or EVDO system or -1
+             * if not.
+             * Valid values are 0-255.
+             */
+            int32_t defaultRoamingIndicator;
+        } cdmaInfo;
+
+        struct EutranRegistrationInfo {
+            /**
+             * Network capabilities for voice over PS services. This info is valid only on LTE
+             * network and must be present when device is camped on LTE. VopsInfo must be empty when
+             * device is camped only on 2G/3G.
+             */
+            LteVopsInfo lteVopsInfo;
+
+            /**
+             * The parameters of NR 5G Non-Standalone. This value is only valid on E-UTRAN,
+             * otherwise must be empty.
+             */
+            NrIndicators nrIndicators;
+        } eutranInfo;
+    } accessTechnologySpecificInfo;
+};
+
+/** Overwritten from @1.4::NetworkScanResult in order to update the CellInfo to 1.5 version. */
+struct NetworkScanResult {
+    /**
+     * The status of the scan.
+     */
+    ScanStatus status;
+
+    /**
+     * The error code of the incremental result.
+     */
+    RadioError error;
+
+    /**
+     * List of network information as CellInfo.
+     */
+    vec<CellInfo> networkInfos;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Additional personalization categories in addition to those specified in 3GPP TS 22.022 and
+ * 3GPP2 C.S0068-0.
+ */
+enum PersoSubstate : @1.0::PersoSubstate {
+    SIM_SPN,
+    SIM_SPN_PUK,
+    /** Equivalent Home PLMN */
+    SIM_SP_EHPLMN,
+    SIM_SP_EHPLMN_PUK,
+    SIM_ICCID,
+    SIM_ICCID_PUK,
+    SIM_IMPI,
+    SIM_IMPI_PUK,
+    /** Network subset service provider */
+    SIM_NS_SP,
+    SIM_NS_SP_PUK,
+};
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 85c4f99..182985e 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
         "android.hardware.radio@1.0",
         "android.hardware.radio.config@1.0",
         "android.hardware.radio.config@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.radio.config@1.3",
     ],
     header_libs: ["radio.util.header@1.0"],
     test_suites: ["general-tests"]
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_5TargetTest.cpp b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_5TargetTest.cpp
index b72febd..5f11d19 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_5TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioV1_5TargetTest.cpp
@@ -23,4 +23,4 @@
     int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
     LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
     return status;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
index b86fa5f..40ae75a 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -17,3 +17,1055 @@
 #include <radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_5.h>
 
 #define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() with invalid hysteresisDb
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_invalidHysteresisDb) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::RSSI;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 10;  // hysteresisDb too large given threshold list deltas
+    signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-109, -103, -97, -89};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::GERAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_invalidHysteresisDb, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() with empty thresholds
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_EmptyThresholds) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::RSSI;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 0;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 0;
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::GERAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_EmptyParams, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for GERAN
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Geran) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::RSSI;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
+    signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-109, -103, -97, -89};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::GERAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Geran, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for UTRAN
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Utran) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::RSCP;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
+    signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-110, -97, -73, -49, -25};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::UTRAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Utran, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for EUTRAN
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Eutran_RSRP) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::RSRP;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
+    signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-128, -108, -88, -68};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::EUTRAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Eutran, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for EUTRAN
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Eutran_RSRQ) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::RSRQ;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
+    signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-27, -20, -13, -6};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::EUTRAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Eutran, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for EUTRAN
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Eutran_RSSNR) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::RSSNR;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
+    signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-10, 0, 10, 20};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::EUTRAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for CDMA2000
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Cdma2000) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::RSSI;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
+    signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-105, -90, -75, -65};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::CDMA2000);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Cdma2000, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for NGRAN_SSRSRP
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_NGRAN_SSRSRP) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::SSRSRP;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 0;
+    signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-105, -90, -75, -65};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::NGRAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_NGRAN_SSRSRP, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for NGRAN_SSRSRQ
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_NGRAN_SSRSRQ) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::SSRSRQ;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 0;
+    signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-15, -10, -5, -4};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::NGRAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_NGRAN_SSRSRQ, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for EUTRAN
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_Disable_RSSNR) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::RSSNR;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 2;
+    signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-10, 0, 10, 20};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = false;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::EUTRAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5() for NGRAN_SSSINR
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_NGRAN_SSSINR) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SignalThresholdInfo signalThresholdInfo;
+    signalThresholdInfo.signalMeasurement = SignalMeasurementType::SSSINR;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisMs = 5000;
+    signalThresholdInfo.hysteresisDb = 0;
+    signalThresholdInfo.thresholds = {-10, 3, 16, 18};
+    signalThresholdInfo.isEnabled = true;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5(
+            serial, signalThresholdInfo, ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::NGRAN);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    ALOGI("setSignalStrengthReportingCriteria_1_5_NGRAN_SSSINR, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::NONE}));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.enableUiccApplications() for the response returned.
+ * For SIM ABSENT case.
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, togglingUiccApplicationsSimAbsent) {
+    // This test case only test SIM ABSENT case.
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState != CardState::ABSENT) return;
+
+    // Disable Uicc applications.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->enableUiccApplications(serial, false);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    // As SIM is absent, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT should be thrown.
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+
+    // Query Uicc application enablement.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->areUiccApplicationsEnabled(serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    // As SIM is absent, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT should be thrown.
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.enableUiccApplications() for the response returned.
+ * For SIM PRESENT case.
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, togglingUiccApplicationsSimPresent) {
+    // This test case only test SIM ABSENT case.
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState != CardState::PRESENT) return;
+
+    // Disable Uicc applications.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->enableUiccApplications(serial, false);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    // As SIM is present, there shouldn't be error.
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+
+    // Query Uicc application enablement.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->areUiccApplicationsEnabled(serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    // As SIM is present, there shouldn't be error.
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+    ASSERT_FALSE(radioRsp_v1_5->areUiccApplicationsEnabled);
+
+    // Enable Uicc applications.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->enableUiccApplications(serial, true);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    // As SIM is present, there shouldn't be error.
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+
+    // Query Uicc application enablement.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->areUiccApplicationsEnabled(serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    // As SIM is present, there shouldn't be error.
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+    ASSERT_TRUE(radioRsp_v1_5->areUiccApplicationsEnabled);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.areUiccApplicationsEnabled() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, areUiccApplicationsEnabled) {
+    // Disable Uicc applications.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->areUiccApplicationsEnabled(serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    // If SIM is absent, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT should be thrown. Otherwise there shouldn't be any
+    // error.
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setSystemSelectionChannels_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setSystemSelectionChannels_1_5) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSystemSelectionChannels_1_5(serial, true, {specifier});
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("setSystemSelectionChannels, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+            radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE, RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR}));
+
+    if (radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error == RadioError::NONE) {
+        serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+        Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setSystemSelectionChannels_1_5(serial, false, {specifier});
+        ASSERT_OK(res);
+        EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+        EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+        EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+        ALOGI("setSystemSelectionChannels, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+              toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+        EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 60,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan, rspInfo.error = %s\n", toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error, {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        // OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED should not be allowed; however, some vendors do
+        // not support the required manual GSM search functionality. This is
+        // tracked in b/112206766. Modems have "GSM" rat scan need to
+        // support scanning requests combined with some parameters.
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid specifier.
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {.type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+                                                                    .interval = 60};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidArgument, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid interval (lower boundary).
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 4,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 60,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval1, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid interval (upper boundary).
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 301,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 60,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidInterval2, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid max search time (lower boundary).
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 59,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime1, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid max search time (upper boundary).
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 3601,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 1};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidMaxSearchTime2, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid periodicity (lower boundary).
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 600,
+            .incrementalResults = true,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 0};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity1, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with invalid periodicity (upper boundary).
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 600,
+            .incrementalResults = true,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 11};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_InvalidPeriodicity2, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+                radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with valid periodicity
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 360,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 10};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_GoodRequest1, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS,
+                                      RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.startNetworkScan_1_5() with valid periodicity and plmns
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier::Bands rasBands;
+    rasBands.geranBands() = {GeranBands::BAND_450, GeranBands::BAND_480};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessSpecifier specifier = {
+            .radioAccessNetwork = ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN,
+            .bands = rasBands,
+            .channels = {1, 2}};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanRequest request = {
+            .type = ScanType::ONE_SHOT,
+            .interval = 60,
+            .specifiers = {specifier},
+            .maxSearchTime = 360,
+            .incrementalResults = false,
+            .incrementalResultsPeriodicity = 10,
+            .mccMncs = {"310410"}};
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->startNetworkScan_1_5(serial, request);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("startNetworkScan_GoodRequest2, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS,
+                                      RadioError::REQUEST_NOT_SUPPORTED}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setupDataCall_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setupDataCall_1_5) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork accessNetwork =
+            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::AccessNetwork::EUTRAN;
+
+    android::hardware::radio::V1_5::DataProfileInfo dataProfileInfo;
+    memset(&dataProfileInfo, 0, sizeof(dataProfileInfo));
+    dataProfileInfo.profileId = DataProfileId::DEFAULT;
+    dataProfileInfo.apn = hidl_string("internet");
+    dataProfileInfo.protocol = PdpProtocolType::IP;
+    dataProfileInfo.roamingProtocol = PdpProtocolType::IP;
+    dataProfileInfo.authType = ApnAuthType::NO_PAP_NO_CHAP;
+    dataProfileInfo.user = hidl_string("username");
+    dataProfileInfo.password = hidl_string("password");
+    dataProfileInfo.type = DataProfileInfoType::THREE_GPP;
+    dataProfileInfo.maxConnsTime = 300;
+    dataProfileInfo.maxConns = 20;
+    dataProfileInfo.waitTime = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.enabled = true;
+    dataProfileInfo.supportedApnTypesBitmap = 320;
+    dataProfileInfo.bearerBitmap = 161543;
+    dataProfileInfo.mtuV4 = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.mtuV6 = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.preferred = true;
+    dataProfileInfo.persistent = false;
+
+    bool roamingAllowed = false;
+
+    std::vector<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::LinkAddress> addresses = {};
+    std::vector<hidl_string> dnses = {};
+
+    ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::DataRequestReason reason =
+            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_2::DataRequestReason::NORMAL;
+
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setupDataCall_1_5(serial, accessNetwork, dataProfileInfo,
+                                                     roamingAllowed, reason, addresses, dnses);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,
+                                      RadioError::OP_NOT_ALLOWED_BEFORE_REG_TO_NW}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,
+                                      RadioError::OP_NOT_ALLOWED_BEFORE_REG_TO_NW}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setInitialAttachApn_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setInitialAttachApn_1_5) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    // Create a dataProfileInfo
+    android::hardware::radio::V1_5::DataProfileInfo dataProfileInfo;
+    memset(&dataProfileInfo, 0, sizeof(dataProfileInfo));
+    dataProfileInfo.profileId = DataProfileId::DEFAULT;
+    dataProfileInfo.apn = hidl_string("internet");
+    dataProfileInfo.protocol = PdpProtocolType::IPV4V6;
+    dataProfileInfo.roamingProtocol = PdpProtocolType::IPV4V6;
+    dataProfileInfo.authType = ApnAuthType::NO_PAP_NO_CHAP;
+    dataProfileInfo.user = hidl_string("username");
+    dataProfileInfo.password = hidl_string("password");
+    dataProfileInfo.type = DataProfileInfoType::THREE_GPP;
+    dataProfileInfo.maxConnsTime = 300;
+    dataProfileInfo.maxConns = 20;
+    dataProfileInfo.waitTime = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.enabled = true;
+    dataProfileInfo.supportedApnTypesBitmap = 320;
+    dataProfileInfo.bearerBitmap = 161543;
+    dataProfileInfo.mtuV4 = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.mtuV6 = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.preferred = true;
+    dataProfileInfo.persistent = false;
+
+    radio_v1_5->setInitialAttachApn_1_5(serial, dataProfileInfo);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setDataProfile_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setDataProfile_1_5) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    // Create a dataProfileInfo
+    android::hardware::radio::V1_5::DataProfileInfo dataProfileInfo;
+    memset(&dataProfileInfo, 0, sizeof(dataProfileInfo));
+    dataProfileInfo.profileId = DataProfileId::DEFAULT;
+    dataProfileInfo.apn = hidl_string("internet");
+    dataProfileInfo.protocol = PdpProtocolType::IPV4V6;
+    dataProfileInfo.roamingProtocol = PdpProtocolType::IPV4V6;
+    dataProfileInfo.authType = ApnAuthType::NO_PAP_NO_CHAP;
+    dataProfileInfo.user = hidl_string("username");
+    dataProfileInfo.password = hidl_string("password");
+    dataProfileInfo.type = DataProfileInfoType::THREE_GPP;
+    dataProfileInfo.maxConnsTime = 300;
+    dataProfileInfo.maxConns = 20;
+    dataProfileInfo.waitTime = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.enabled = true;
+    dataProfileInfo.supportedApnTypesBitmap = 320;
+    dataProfileInfo.bearerBitmap = 161543;
+    dataProfileInfo.mtuV4 = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.mtuV6 = 0;
+    dataProfileInfo.preferred = true;
+    dataProfileInfo.persistent = true;
+
+    // Create a dataProfileInfoList
+    android::hardware::hidl_vec<android::hardware::radio::V1_5::DataProfileInfo>
+            dataProfileInfoList = {dataProfileInfo};
+
+    radio_v1_5->setDataProfile_1_5(serial, dataProfileInfoList);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::SIM_ABSENT, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE}));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE}));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setRadioPower_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setRadioPower_1_5_emergencyCall_cancelled) {
+    // Set radio power to off.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->setRadioPower_1_5(serial, false, false, false);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+
+    // Set radio power to on with forEmergencyCall being true. This should put modem to only scan
+    // emergency call bands.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->setRadioPower_1_5(serial, true, true, true);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+
+    // Set radio power to on with forEmergencyCall being false. This should put modem in regular
+    // operation modem.
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    radio_v1_5->setRadioPower_1_5(serial, true, false, false);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.setNetworkSelectionModeManual_1_5() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, setNetworkSelectionModeManual_1_5) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    // can't camp on nonexistent MCCMNC, so we expect this to fail.
+    Return<void> res = radio_v1_5->setNetworkSelectionModeManual_1_5(
+            serial, "123456", android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RadioAccessNetworks::GERAN);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::ILLEGAL_SIM_OR_ME,
+                                      RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE},
+                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+    } else if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::PRESENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+                                     {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE,
+                                      RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE},
+                                     CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadio.sendCdmaSmsExpectMore() for the response returned.
+ */
+TEST_F(RadioHidlTest_v1_5, sendCdmaSmsExpectMore) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+
+    // Create a CdmaSmsAddress
+    CdmaSmsAddress cdmaSmsAddress;
+    cdmaSmsAddress.digitMode = CdmaSmsDigitMode::FOUR_BIT;
+    cdmaSmsAddress.numberMode = CdmaSmsNumberMode::NOT_DATA_NETWORK;
+    cdmaSmsAddress.numberType = CdmaSmsNumberType::UNKNOWN;
+    cdmaSmsAddress.numberPlan = CdmaSmsNumberPlan::UNKNOWN;
+    cdmaSmsAddress.digits = (std::vector<uint8_t>){11, 1, 6, 5, 10, 7, 7, 2, 10, 3, 10, 3};
+
+    // Create a CdmaSmsSubAddress
+    CdmaSmsSubaddress cdmaSmsSubaddress;
+    cdmaSmsSubaddress.subaddressType = CdmaSmsSubaddressType::NSAP;
+    cdmaSmsSubaddress.odd = false;
+    cdmaSmsSubaddress.digits = (std::vector<uint8_t>){};
+
+    // Create a CdmaSmsMessage
+    android::hardware::radio::V1_0::CdmaSmsMessage cdmaSmsMessage;
+    cdmaSmsMessage.teleserviceId = 4098;
+    cdmaSmsMessage.isServicePresent = false;
+    cdmaSmsMessage.serviceCategory = 0;
+    cdmaSmsMessage.address = cdmaSmsAddress;
+    cdmaSmsMessage.subAddress = cdmaSmsSubaddress;
+    cdmaSmsMessage.bearerData =
+        (std::vector<uint8_t>){15, 0, 3, 32, 3, 16, 1, 8, 16, 53, 76, 68, 6, 51, 106, 0};
+
+    radio_v1_5->sendCdmaSmsExpectMore(serial, cdmaSmsMessage);
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
+
+    if (cardStatus.base.base.cardState == CardState::ABSENT) {
+        ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+            radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error,
+            {RadioError::INVALID_ARGUMENTS, RadioError::INVALID_STATE, RadioError::SIM_ABSENT},
+            CHECK_GENERAL_ERROR));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
index a5d236d..c29ebf9 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.serial);
     EXPECT_EQ(RadioError::NONE, radioRsp_v1_5->rspInfo.error);
 
-    sp<::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig> radioConfig =
+    sp<::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_3::IRadioConfig> radioConfig =
             ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<
-                    ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig>();
+                    ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_3::IRadioConfig>();
 
     /* Enforce Vts tesing with RadioConfig is existed. */
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radioConfig.get());
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_5.h b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_5.h
index 799702b..ce7b1ab 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_5.h
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_hidl_hal_utils_v1_5.h
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include <condition_variable>
 #include <mutex>
 
-#include <android/hardware/radio/config/1.1/IRadioConfig.h>
+#include <android/hardware/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfig.h>
 
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.5/IRadio.h>
 #include <android/hardware/radio/1.5/IRadioIndication.h>
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 class RadioHidlTest_v1_5;
 extern ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::CardStatus cardStatus;
 
-/* Callback class for radio respons v1_5 */
+/* Callback class for radio response v1_5 */
 class RadioResponse_v1_5 : public ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::IRadioResponse {
   protected:
     RadioHidlTest_v1_5& parent_v1_5;
@@ -80,6 +80,12 @@
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::CarrierRestrictionsWithPriority carrierRestrictionsResp;
     ::android::hardware::radio::V1_4::SimLockMultiSimPolicy multiSimPolicyResp;
 
+    // Whether toggling uicc applications operation is supported.
+    bool canToggleUiccApplicationsEnablement;
+
+    // Whether Uicc applications are enabled or not.
+    bool areUiccApplicationsEnabled;
+
     RadioResponse_v1_5(RadioHidlTest_v1_5& parent_v1_5);
     virtual ~RadioResponse_v1_5() = default;
 
@@ -521,6 +527,59 @@
     Return<void> getAllowedCarriersResponse_1_4(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
                                                 const CarrierRestrictionsWithPriority& carriers,
                                                 SimLockMultiSimPolicy multiSimPolicy);
+
+    /* 1.5 Api */
+    Return<void> setSignalStrengthReportingCriteriaResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> enableUiccApplicationsResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> areUiccApplicationsEnabledResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info, bool enabled);
+
+    Return<void> canToggleUiccApplicationsEnablementResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                                             bool canToggle);
+
+    Return<void> setSystemSelectionChannelsResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> startNetworkScanResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> setupDataCallResponse_1_5(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SetupDataCallResult& dcResponse);
+
+    Return<void> setInitialAttachApnResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> setDataProfileResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> setRadioPowerResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> setIndicationFilterResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> getBarringInfoResponse(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::BarringInfo>&
+                    barringInfos);
+
+    Return<void> getVoiceRegistrationStateResponse_1_5(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RegStateResult& regResponse);
+
+    Return<void> getDataRegistrationStateResponse_1_5(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RegStateResult& regResponse);
+
+    Return<void> getCellInfoListResponse_1_5(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellInfo>&
+                    cellInfo);
+
+    Return<void> setNetworkSelectionModeManualResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> sendCdmaSmsExpectMoreResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                               const SendSmsResult& sms);
+
+    Return<void> supplySimDepersonalizationResponse(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::PersoSubstate persoType, int32_t remainingRetries);
 };
 
 /* Callback class for radio indication */
@@ -532,6 +591,18 @@
     RadioIndication_v1_5(RadioHidlTest_v1_5& parent_v1_5);
     virtual ~RadioIndication_v1_5() = default;
 
+    /* 1.5 Api */
+    Return<void> uiccApplicationsEnablementChanged(RadioIndicationType type, bool enabled);
+
+    Return<void> networkScanResult_1_5(
+            RadioIndicationType type,
+            const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanResult& result);
+
+    Return<void> cellInfoList_1_5(
+            RadioIndicationType type,
+            const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellInfo>&
+                    records);
+
     /* 1.4 Api */
     Return<void> currentEmergencyNumberList(
             RadioIndicationType type,
@@ -706,6 +777,19 @@
 
     Return<void> modemReset(RadioIndicationType type,
                             const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& reason);
+
+    Return<void> registrationFailed(
+            RadioIndicationType type,
+            const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity& cellIdentity,
+            const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& chosenPlmn,
+            ::android::hardware::hidl_bitfield<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::Domain> domain,
+            int32_t causeCode, int32_t additionalCauseCode);
+
+    Return<void> barringInfoChanged(
+            RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+            const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity& /*cellIdentity*/,
+            const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::BarringInfo>&
+            /*barringInfos*/);
 };
 
 // Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_indication.cpp b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_indication.cpp
index b63b745..d448a22 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_indication.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_indication.cpp
@@ -328,3 +328,38 @@
                                               const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& /*reason*/) {
     return Void();
 }
+
+Return<void> RadioIndication_v1_5::uiccApplicationsEnablementChanged(RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+                                                                     bool /*enabled*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioIndication_v1_5::registrationFailed(
+        RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity& /*cellIdentity*/,
+        const ::android::hardware::hidl_string& /*chosenPlmn*/,
+        ::android::hardware::hidl_bitfield<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::Domain> /*domain*/,
+        int32_t /*causeCode*/, int32_t /*additionalCauseCode*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioIndication_v1_5::barringInfoChanged(
+        RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellIdentity& /*cellIdentity*/,
+        const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::BarringInfo>&
+        /*barringInfos*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioIndication_v1_5::networkScanResult_1_5(
+        RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::NetworkScanResult& /*result*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioIndication_v1_5::cellInfoList_1_5(
+        RadioIndicationType /*type*/,
+        const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<
+                ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellInfo>& /*records*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
diff --git a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_response.cpp b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_response.cpp
index 1e5cc47..26401eb 100644
--- a/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_response.cpp
+++ b/radio/1.5/vts/functional/radio_response.cpp
@@ -885,3 +885,129 @@
     parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
     return Void();
 }
+
+/* 1.5 Apis */
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setSignalStrengthReportingCriteriaResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::enableUiccApplicationsResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::areUiccApplicationsEnabledResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                                                    bool enabled) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    areUiccApplicationsEnabled = enabled;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::canToggleUiccApplicationsEnablementResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info, bool canToggle) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    canToggleUiccApplicationsEnablement = canToggle;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setSystemSelectionChannelsResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::startNetworkScanResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setupDataCallResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+        const android::hardware::radio::V1_5::SetupDataCallResult& /* dcResponse */) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setInitialAttachApnResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setDataProfileResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setRadioPowerResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setIndicationFilterResponse_1_5(const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::getBarringInfoResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+        const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::BarringInfo>&
+        /*barringInfos*/) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::getVoiceRegistrationStateResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RegStateResult& /*regResponse*/) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::getDataRegistrationStateResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+        const ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::RegStateResult& /*regResponse*/) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::getCellInfoListResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /*info*/,
+        const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<
+                ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::CellInfo>& /*cellInfo*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::setNetworkSelectionModeManualResponse_1_5(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    parent_v1_5.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::sendCdmaSmsExpectMoreResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& /*info*/,
+                                                               const SendSmsResult& /*sms*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioResponse_v1_5::supplySimDepersonalizationResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /*info*/,
+        ::android::hardware::radio::V1_5::PersoSubstate /*persoType*/,
+        int32_t /*remainingRetries*/) {
+    return Void();
+}
diff --git a/radio/config/1.0/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h b/radio/config/1.0/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h
index 6bc1b65..2722afe 100644
--- a/radio/config/1.0/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h
+++ b/radio/config/1.0/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
diff --git a/radio/config/1.1/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h b/radio/config/1.1/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h
index e9951dc..4cdeb06 100644
--- a/radio/config/1.1/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h
+++ b/radio/config/1.1/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
diff --git a/radio/config/1.2/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h b/radio/config/1.2/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h
index e9cbcbd..ba3f02e 100644
--- a/radio/config/1.2/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h
+++ b/radio/config/1.2/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
 #include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 
 #include "vts_test_util.h"
 
@@ -98,20 +99,6 @@
             const ::android::hardware::hidl_vec<SimSlotStatus>& slotStatus);
 };
 
-// Test environment for Radio HIDL HAL.
-class RadioConfigHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-  public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RadioConfigHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RadioConfigHidlEnvironment* instance = new RadioConfigHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IRadioConfig>(); }
-
-  private:
-    RadioConfigHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
 // The main test class for Radio config HIDL.
 class RadioConfigHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   protected:
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/Android.bp b/radio/config/1.3/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7360270
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
+
+hidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.radio.config@1.3",
+    root: "android.hardware",
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
+    srcs: [
+        "types.hal",
+        "IRadioConfig.hal",
+        "IRadioConfigIndication.hal",
+        "IRadioConfigResponse.hal",
+    ],
+    interfaces: [
+        "android.hardware.radio.config@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.radio.config@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.radio.config@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.radio@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.radio@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.radio@1.4",
+        "android.hardware.radio@1.5",
+        "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+    ],
+    gen_java: true,
+}
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfig.hal b/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfig.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d01f54b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfig.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.radio.config@1.3;
+
+import @1.1::IRadioConfig;
+
+/**
+ * This interface is used by telephony and telecom to talk to cellular radio for the purpose of
+ * radio configuration, and it is not associated with any specific modem or slot.
+ * All the functions have minimum one parameter:
+ * serial: which corresponds to serial no. of request. Serial numbers must only be memorized for the
+ * duration of a method call. If clients provide colliding serials (including passing the same
+ * serial to different methods), multiple responses (one for each method call) must still be served.
+ */
+interface IRadioConfig extends @1.1::IRadioConfig {
+    /**
+     * Request current phone capability.
+     *
+     * @param serial Serial number of request.
+     *
+     * Response callback is IRadioResponse.getPhoneCapabilityResponse_1_3() which
+     * will return <@1.3::PhoneCapability>.
+     */
+    oneway getPhoneCapability_1_3(int32_t serial);
+};
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal b/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfigIndication.hal
similarity index 73%
copy from vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
copy to radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfigIndication.hal
index 76281bc..9ef496c 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfigIndication.hal
@@ -14,8 +14,13 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package android.hardware.vibrator@1.4;
+package android.hardware.radio.config@1.3;
 
-interface IVibratorCallback {
-    oneway onComplete();
+import @1.2::IRadioConfigIndication;
+
+/**
+ * Interface declaring unsolicited radio config indications.
+ */
+interface IRadioConfigIndication extends @1.2::IRadioConfigIndication {
+
 };
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfigResponse.hal b/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfigResponse.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e13aa1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfigResponse.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.radio.config@1.3;
+
+import android.hardware.radio@1.0::RadioResponseInfo;
+import @1.2::IRadioConfigResponse;
+import @1.3::PhoneCapability;
+
+/**
+ * Interface declaring response functions to solicited radio config requests.
+ */
+interface IRadioConfigResponse extends @1.2::IRadioConfigResponse {
+    /**
+     * @param info Response info struct containing response type, serial no. and error
+     * @param phoneCapability <@1.3::PhoneCapability> it defines modem's capability for example
+     *        how many logical modems it has, how many data connections it supports.
+     *
+     * Valid errors returned:
+     *   RadioError:NONE
+     *   RadioError:RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE
+     */
+    oneway getPhoneCapabilityResponse_1_3(RadioResponseInfo info, PhoneCapability phoneCapability);
+};
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/default/Android.bp b/radio/config/1.3/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..163c5c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.radio.config@1.3-service",
+    init_rc: ["android.hardware.radio.config@1.3-service.rc"],
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    vintf_fragments: ["radio-config-default.xml"],
+    vendor: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "RadioConfig.cpp",
+        "RadioConfigIndication.cpp",
+        "RadioConfigResponse.cpp",
+        "service.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libhidlbase",
+        "liblog",
+        "libutils",
+        "android.hardware.radio.config@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.radio.config@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.radio.config@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.radio.config@1.3",
+        "android.hardware.radio@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.radio@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.radio@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.radio@1.3",
+        "android.hardware.radio@1.4",
+        "android.hardware.radio@1.5",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfig.cpp b/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfig.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01e98f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfig.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.1 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.1
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "RadioConfig.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace radio {
+namespace config {
+namespace V1_3 {
+namespace implementation {
+
+using namespace ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0;
+
+// Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_0::IRadioConfig follow.
+Return<void> RadioConfig::setResponseFunctions(
+        const sp<V1_0::IRadioConfigResponse>& radioConfigResponse,
+        const sp<V1_0::IRadioConfigIndication>& radioConfigIndication) {
+    mRadioConfigResponse = radioConfigResponse;
+    mRadioConfigIndication = radioConfigIndication;
+
+    mRadioConfigResponseV1_3 =
+            V1_3::IRadioConfigResponse::castFrom(mRadioConfigResponse).withDefault(nullptr);
+    mRadioConfigIndicationV1_3 =
+            V1_3::IRadioConfigIndication::castFrom(mRadioConfigIndication).withDefault(nullptr);
+    if (mRadioConfigResponseV1_3 == nullptr || mRadioConfigIndicationV1_3 == nullptr) {
+        mRadioConfigResponseV1_3 = nullptr;
+        mRadioConfigIndicationV1_3 = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    mRadioConfigResponseV1_2 =
+            V1_2::IRadioConfigResponse::castFrom(mRadioConfigResponse).withDefault(nullptr);
+    mRadioConfigIndicationV1_2 =
+            V1_2::IRadioConfigIndication::castFrom(mRadioConfigIndication).withDefault(nullptr);
+    if (mRadioConfigResponseV1_2 == nullptr || mRadioConfigIndicationV1_2 == nullptr) {
+        mRadioConfigResponseV1_2 = nullptr;
+        mRadioConfigIndicationV1_2 = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    mRadioConfigResponseV1_1 =
+            V1_1::IRadioConfigResponse::castFrom(mRadioConfigResponse).withDefault(nullptr);
+    mRadioConfigIndicationV1_1 =
+            V1_1::IRadioConfigIndication::castFrom(mRadioConfigIndication).withDefault(nullptr);
+    if (mRadioConfigResponseV1_1 == nullptr || mRadioConfigIndicationV1_1 == nullptr) {
+        mRadioConfigResponseV1_1 = nullptr;
+        mRadioConfigIndicationV1_1 = nullptr;
+    }
+
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfig::getSimSlotsStatus(int32_t /* serial */) {
+    hidl_vec<V1_0::SimSlotStatus> slotStatus;
+    RadioResponseInfo info;
+    mRadioConfigResponse->getSimSlotsStatusResponse(info, slotStatus);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfig::setSimSlotsMapping(int32_t /* serial */,
+                                             const hidl_vec<uint32_t>& /* slotMap */) {
+    RadioResponseInfo info;
+    mRadioConfigResponse->setSimSlotsMappingResponse(info);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+// Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig follow.
+Return<void> RadioConfig::getPhoneCapability(int32_t /* serial */) {
+    V1_1::PhoneCapability phoneCapability;
+    RadioResponseInfo info;
+    mRadioConfigResponseV1_1->getPhoneCapabilityResponse(info, phoneCapability);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfig::setPreferredDataModem(int32_t /* serial */, uint8_t /* modemId */) {
+    RadioResponseInfo info;
+    mRadioConfigResponseV1_1->setPreferredDataModemResponse(info);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfig::setModemsConfig(int32_t /* serial */,
+                                          const V1_1::ModemsConfig& /* modemsConfig */) {
+    RadioResponseInfo info;
+    mRadioConfigResponseV1_1->setModemsConfigResponse(info);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfig::getModemsConfig(int32_t /* serial */) {
+    V1_1::ModemsConfig modemsConfig;
+    RadioResponseInfo info;
+    mRadioConfigResponseV1_1->getModemsConfigResponse(info, modemsConfig);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+// Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_3::IRadioConfig follow.
+Return<void> RadioConfig::getPhoneCapability_1_3(int32_t /* serial */) {
+    V1_3::PhoneCapability phoneCapability;
+    RadioResponseInfo info;
+    mRadioConfigResponseV1_3->getPhoneCapabilityResponse_1_3(info, phoneCapability);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace V1_3
+}  // namespace config
+}  // namespace radio
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfig.h b/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfig.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57ff368
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfig.h
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.1 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.1
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_CONFIG_V1_3_RADIOCONFIG_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_CONFIG_V1_3_RADIOCONFIG_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfig.h>
+#include <android/hardware/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfigIndication.h>
+#include <android/hardware/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfigResponse.h>
+#include <hidl/MQDescriptor.h>
+#include <hidl/Status.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace radio {
+namespace config {
+namespace V1_3 {
+namespace implementation {
+
+using namespace ::android::hardware::radio::config;
+
+using ::android::sp;
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_memory;
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::Void;
+
+struct RadioConfig : public V1_3::IRadioConfig {
+    sp<V1_0::IRadioConfigResponse> mRadioConfigResponse;
+    sp<V1_0::IRadioConfigIndication> mRadioConfigIndication;
+    sp<V1_1::IRadioConfigResponse> mRadioConfigResponseV1_1;
+    sp<V1_1::IRadioConfigIndication> mRadioConfigIndicationV1_1;
+    sp<V1_2::IRadioConfigResponse> mRadioConfigResponseV1_2;
+    sp<V1_2::IRadioConfigIndication> mRadioConfigIndicationV1_2;
+    sp<V1_3::IRadioConfigResponse> mRadioConfigResponseV1_3;
+    sp<V1_3::IRadioConfigIndication> mRadioConfigIndicationV1_3;
+
+    // Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_0::IRadioConfig follow.
+    Return<void> setResponseFunctions(
+            const sp<V1_0::IRadioConfigResponse>& radioConfigResponse,
+            const sp<V1_0::IRadioConfigIndication>& radioConfigIndication);
+    Return<void> getSimSlotsStatus(int32_t serial);
+    Return<void> setSimSlotsMapping(int32_t serial, const hidl_vec<uint32_t>& slotMap);
+
+    // Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfig follow.
+    Return<void> getPhoneCapability(int32_t serial);
+    Return<void> setPreferredDataModem(int32_t serial, uint8_t modemId);
+    Return<void> setModemsConfig(int32_t serial, const V1_1::ModemsConfig& modemsConfig);
+    Return<void> getModemsConfig(int32_t serial);
+
+    // Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_3::IRadioConfig follow.
+    Return<void> getPhoneCapability_1_3(int32_t serial);
+};
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace V1_3
+}  // namespace config
+}  // namespace radio
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_CONFIG_V1_3_RADIOCONFIG_H
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfigIndication.cpp b/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfigIndication.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..608fa1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfigIndication.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.1 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.1
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "RadioConfigIndication.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace radio {
+namespace config {
+namespace V1_3 {
+namespace implementation {
+
+// Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_0::IRadioConfigIndication follow.
+Return<void> RadioConfigIndication::simSlotsStatusChanged(
+        RadioIndicationType /* type */, const hidl_vec<V1_0::SimSlotStatus>& /* slotStatus */) {
+    // TODO implement
+    return Void();
+}
+
+// Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_2::IRadioConfigIndication follow.
+Return<void> RadioConfigIndication::simSlotsStatusChanged_1_2(
+        RadioIndicationType /* type */, const hidl_vec<V1_2::SimSlotStatus>& /* slotStatus */) {
+    // TODO implement
+    return Void();
+}
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace V1_3
+}  // namespace config
+}  // namespace radio
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfigIndication.h b/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfigIndication.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c92446c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfigIndication.h
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.1 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.1
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_CONFIG_V1_3_RADIOCONFIGINDICATION_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_CONFIG_V1_3_RADIOCONFIGINDICATION_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfigIndication.h>
+#include <hidl/MQDescriptor.h>
+#include <hidl/Status.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace radio {
+namespace config {
+namespace V1_3 {
+namespace implementation {
+
+using namespace ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0;
+using namespace ::android::hardware::radio::config;
+
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::Void;
+
+struct RadioConfigIndication : public IRadioConfigIndication {
+    // Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_0::IRadioConfigIndication follow.
+    Return<void> simSlotsStatusChanged(RadioIndicationType type,
+                                       const hidl_vec<V1_0::SimSlotStatus>& slotStatus) override;
+
+    // Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_2::IRadioConfigIndication follow.
+    Return<void> simSlotsStatusChanged_1_2(
+            RadioIndicationType type, const hidl_vec<V1_2::SimSlotStatus>& slotStatus) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace V1_3
+}  // namespace config
+}  // namespace radio
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_CONFIG_V1_3_RADIOCONFIGINDICATION_H
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfigResponse.cpp b/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfigResponse.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d48a13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfigResponse.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.1 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.1
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "RadioConfigResponse.h"
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace radio {
+namespace config {
+namespace V1_3 {
+namespace implementation {
+
+// Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_0::IRadioConfigResponse follow.
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::getSimSlotsStatusResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */,
+        const hidl_vec<V1_0::SimSlotStatus>& /* slotStatus */) {
+    // TODO implement
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::setSimSlotsMappingResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */) {
+    // TODO implement
+    return Void();
+}
+
+// Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfigResponse follow.
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::getPhoneCapabilityResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */, const V1_1::PhoneCapability& /* phoneCapability */) {
+    // TODO implement
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::setPreferredDataModemResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */) {
+    // TODO implement
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::setModemsConfigResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */) {
+    // TODO implement
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::getModemsConfigResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */, const V1_1::ModemsConfig& /* modemsConfig */) {
+    // TODO implement
+    return Void();
+}
+
+// Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_2::IRadioConfigResponse follow.
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::getSimSlotsStatusResponse_1_2(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */,
+        const hidl_vec<V1_2::SimSlotStatus>& /* slotStatus */) {
+    // TODO implement
+    return Void();
+}
+
+// Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_3::IRadioConfigResponse follow.
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::getPhoneCapabilityResponse_1_3(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */, const V1_3::PhoneCapability& /* phoneCapability */) {
+    // TODO implement
+    return Void();
+}
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace V1_3
+}  // namespace config
+}  // namespace radio
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfigResponse.h b/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfigResponse.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc169bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/default/RadioConfigResponse.h
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.1 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.1
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#ifndef ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_CONFIG_V1_3_RADIOCONFIGRESPONSE_H
+#define ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_CONFIG_V1_3_RADIOCONFIGRESPONSE_H
+
+#include <android/hardware/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfigResponse.h>
+#include <hidl/MQDescriptor.h>
+#include <hidl/Status.h>
+
+namespace android {
+namespace hardware {
+namespace radio {
+namespace config {
+namespace V1_3 {
+namespace implementation {
+
+using namespace ::android::hardware::radio::config;
+
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+
+using ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::RadioResponseInfo;
+
+struct RadioConfigResponse : public IRadioConfigResponse {
+    // Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_0::IRadioConfigResponse follow.
+    Return<void> getSimSlotsStatusResponse(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const hidl_vec<V1_0::SimSlotStatus>& slotStatus) override;
+    Return<void> setSimSlotsMappingResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info) override;
+
+    // Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_1::IRadioConfigResponse follow.
+    Return<void> getPhoneCapabilityResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                            const V1_1::PhoneCapability& phoneCapability) override;
+    Return<void> setPreferredDataModemResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info) override;
+    Return<void> setModemsConfigResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info) override;
+    Return<void> getModemsConfigResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                         const V1_1::ModemsConfig& modemsConfig) override;
+
+    // Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_2::IRadioConfigResponse follow.
+    Return<void> getSimSlotsStatusResponse_1_2(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+            const hidl_vec<V1_2::SimSlotStatus>& slotStatus) override;
+
+    // Methods from ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_3::IRadioConfigResponse follow.
+    Return<void> getPhoneCapabilityResponse_1_3(
+            const RadioResponseInfo& info, const V1_3::PhoneCapability& phoneCapability) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace implementation
+}  // namespace V1_3
+}  // namespace config
+}  // namespace radio
+}  // namespace hardware
+}  // namespace android
+
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_RADIO_CONFIG_V1_3_RADIOCONFIGRESPONSE_H
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/default/android.hardware.radio.config@1.3-service.rc b/radio/config/1.3/default/android.hardware.radio.config@1.3-service.rc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6df9b52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/default/android.hardware.radio.config@1.3-service.rc
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+service vendor.radio-config-hal-1-3 /vendor/bin/hw/android.hardware.radio.config@1.3-service
+    interface android.hardware.radio.config@1.0::IRadioConfig default
+    interface android.hardware.radio.config@1.1::IRadioConfig default
+    interface android.hardware.radio.config@1.3::IRadioConfig default
+    class hal
+    user system
+    group system
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/default/radio-config-default.xml b/radio/config/1.3/default/radio-config-default.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..72f363e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/default/radio-config-default.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!--
+/*
+** Copyright 2019, The Android Open Source Project.
+**
+** Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+** you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+** You may obtain a copy of the License at
+**
+**     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+**
+** Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+** distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+** WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+** See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+** limitations under the License.
+*/
+-->
+<manifest version="1.0" type="device">
+    <hal format="hidl">
+        <name>android.hardware.radio.config</name>
+        <transport>hwbinder</transport>
+        <version>1.3</version>
+        <interface>
+            <name>IRadioConfig</name>
+            <instance>default</instance>
+        </interface>
+    </hal>
+</manifest>
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/default/service.cpp b/radio/config/1.3/default/service.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1e6736
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/default/service.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.1 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.1
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#define LOG_TAG "android.hardware.radio.config@1.3-service"
+
+#include <android/hardware/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfig.h>
+#include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
+
+#include "RadioConfig.h"
+
+using android::OK;
+using android::sp;
+using android::status_t;
+using android::hardware::configureRpcThreadpool;
+using android::hardware::joinRpcThreadpool;
+using android::hardware::radio::config::V1_3::IRadioConfig;
+using android::hardware::radio::config::V1_3::implementation::RadioConfig;
+
+int main() {
+    configureRpcThreadpool(1, true);
+    sp<IRadioConfig> radioConfig = new RadioConfig;
+    const status_t status = radioConfig->registerAsService();
+    ALOGW_IF(status != OK, "Could not register IRadioConfig 1.3");
+    ALOGD("Default service is ready.");
+
+    joinRpcThreadpool();
+    return 1;
+}
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/types.hal b/radio/config/1.3/types.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aef0ff8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/types.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.radio.config@1.3;
+
+import android.hardware.radio@1.1::GeranBands;
+import android.hardware.radio@1.1::EutranBands;
+import android.hardware.radio@1.4::RadioAccessFamily;
+import android.hardware.radio@1.5::NgranBands;
+import android.hardware.radio@1.5::UtranBands;
+
+/** Type for the SIM slot. */
+enum SlotType : int32_t {
+    /** Slot type for UICC/pSIM (physical SIM). */
+    UICC       = 1,
+    /** Slot type for iUICC/iSIM (integrated SIM). */
+    IUICC      = 2,
+    /** Slot type for eUICC/eSIM (embedded SIM). */
+    EUICC      = 3,
+    /** Slot type for soft SIM (no physical SIM). */
+    SOFT_SIM   = 4,
+};
+
+/** A field in PhoneCapability that holds information about the SIM slot. */
+struct SimSlotCapability {
+    /** Corresponds to physicalSlotId in Radio@1.2::CardStatus. */
+    uint32_t physicalSlotId;
+
+    /** Type of slot. */
+    SlotType slotType;
+};
+
+/** Bitmask of features that can be supported by a single modem. */
+enum ModemFeatures : int32_t {
+    /** 3GPP2 capability. */
+    THREE_GPP2_REG            = 1 << 0,
+    /** 3GPP capability. */
+    THREE_GPP_REG             = 1 << 1,
+    /** CDMA 2000 with EHRPD capability. */
+    CDMA2000_EHRPD            = 1 << 2,
+    /** GSM/EDGE capability. */
+    GERAN                     = 1 << 3,
+    /** UMTS capability. */
+    UTRAN                     = 1 << 4,
+    /** LTE capability. */
+    EUTRAN                    = 1 << 5,
+    /** 5G capability. */
+    NGRAN                     = 1 << 6,
+    /** 5G dual connectivity capability. */
+    EN_DC                     = 1 << 7,
+    /** VoLTE capability (IMS registered). */
+    PS_VOICE_REG              = 1 << 8,
+    /** CS voice call capability. */
+    CS_VOICE_SESSION          = 1 << 9,
+    /** Internet connection capability. */
+    INTERACTIVE_DATA_SESSION  = 1 << 10,
+    /** Dedicated bearer capability. */
+    DEDICATED_BEARER          = 1 << 11,
+    /** Network scanning capability. */
+    NETWORK_SCAN              = 1 << 12,
+    /** CDMA capability for SIM associated with modem. */
+    CSIM_APP                  = 1 << 13,
+};
+
+struct ConcurrentModemFeatures {
+    /**
+     * A vector of concurrently supportable modem features across all modems.
+     * Each entry in the vector is a bitfield of ModemFeatures that can be used
+     * concurrently with the other ModemFeatures in that list.
+     * Each bitfield must be the full set of features for a single modem.
+     *
+     * On a Dual-SIM device, each entry will be a vector of length 2.
+     * The examples below depict the modemFeatures for four Dual-SIM setups:
+     * 1. Only one modem can PS attach (IMS registered).
+     *    {
+     *        (GERAN_REG | UTRAN_REG | EUTRAN_REG | PS_VOICE_REG |
+     *            CS_VOICE_SESSION | INTERACTIVE_DATA_SESSION | DEDICATED_BEARER),
+     *        (GERAN_REG | UTRAN_REG)
+     *    }
+     *    or
+     *    {
+     *        (GERAN_REG | UTRAN_REG | EUTRAN_REG | PS_VOICE_REG |
+     *            INTERACTIVE_DATA_SESSION),
+     *        (GERAN_REG | UTRAN_REG | CS_VOICE_SESSION)
+     *    }
+     * 2. Both modems can PS attach (dual VoLTE).
+     *    {
+     *        (GERAN_REG | UTRAN_REG | EUTRAN_REG | PS_VOICE_REG |
+     *            CS_VOICE_SESSION | INTERACTIVE_DATA_SESSION | DEDICATED_BEARER),
+     *        (GERAN_REG | UTRAN_REG | EUTRAN_REG | PS_VOICE_REG)
+     *    }
+     * 3. Both modems can maintain an Internet connection, but they share
+     *    one RF hardware.
+     *    {
+     *        (GERAN_REG | UTRAN_REG | EUTRAN_REG | PS_VOICE_REG |
+     *            CS_VOICE_SESSION | INTERACTIVE_DATA_SESSION | DEDICATED_BEARER),
+     *        (GERAN_REG | UTRAN_REG | EUTRAN_REG | PS_VOICE_REG |
+     *            INTERACTIVE_DATA_SESSION)
+     *    }
+     * 4. Both modems can maintain an Internet connection, and they have
+     *    their own RF hardware.
+     *    {
+     *        (GERAN_REG | UTRAN_REG | EUTRAN_REG | PS_VOICE_REG |
+     *            CS_VOICE_SESSION | INTERACTIVE_DATA_SESSION | DEDICATED_BEARER),
+     *        (GERAN_REG | UTRAN_REG | EUTRAN_REG | PS_VOICE_REG |
+     *            INTERACTIVE_DATA_SESSION | DEDICATED_BEARER)
+     *    }
+     */
+    vec<bitfield<ModemFeatures>> modemFeatures;
+};
+
+/**
+ * Overwritten from @1.1::PhoneCapability to add new capabilities and deprecate
+ * maxActiveData, maxActiveInternetData, isInternetLingeringSupported, logicalModemList.
+ * Replaces RadioConfig@1.1::ModemInfo and should replace Radio@1.4::RadioCapabilities
+ * in the next major version upgrade. In the future, this should be extended instead of overwritten.
+ */
+struct PhoneCapability {
+    /**
+     * 3GPP UE category for UTRAN downlink direction.
+     * 25.306 Table 5.1a
+     */
+    uint8_t utranUeCategoryDl;
+    /**
+     * 3GPP UE category for UTRAN uplink direction.
+     * 25.306 Table 5.1g
+     */
+    uint8_t utranUeCategoryUl;
+    /**
+     * 3GPP UE category for EUTRAN downlink direction.
+     * 25.306 Table 4.1a
+     */
+    uint8_t eutranUeCategoryDl;
+    /**
+     * 3GPP UE category for EUTRAN uplink direction.
+     * 25.306 Table 4.1a-2
+     */
+    uint8_t eutranUeCategoryUl;
+
+    /**
+     * Length of grace period for switching between logical modems, in milliseconds.
+     * Used only when the number of logical modems is greater than the number of
+     * Internet connections the device can support, otherwise must be 0.
+     */
+    uint64_t psDataConnectionLingerTimeMillis;
+
+    vec<GeranBands> geranBands;
+    vec<UtranBands> utranBands;
+    vec<EutranBands> eutranBands;
+    vec<NgranBands> ngranBands;
+
+    /**
+     * 32-bit bitmap of supported Radio@1.4::RadioAccessFamily types.
+     * Note that RadioAccessFamily is actually the radio access technologies, so it should be
+     * renamed in the next major version upgrade.
+     */
+    bitfield<RadioAccessFamily> supportedRats;
+
+    /**
+     * List of unique logical modem UUIDs from Radio@1.4::RadioCapabilities.
+     * A UUID is typically "com.xxxx.lmX" where X is the logical modem ID.
+     * Must be equal to the number of logical modems in the device.
+     * Radio@1.2::RadioConst::MAX_UUID_LENGTH is the max length of each UUID.
+     */
+    vec<string> logicalModemUuids;
+
+    /**
+     * List of SIM slot capabilities. The order of physical slot IDs must correspond to
+     * the order of modems in logicalModemUuids.
+     */
+    vec<SimSlotCapability> simSlotCapabilities;
+
+    /**
+     * A vector of all sets of concurrently supportable modem feature sets. The order of modems
+     * in modemFeatures must correspond to the order of modems in logicalModemUuids.
+     * Each entry in concurrentFeatureSupport is independent of others in the list
+     * and represents a set of concurrently supportable features across all modems.
+     * Each entry in ConcurrentModemFeatures::modemFeatures is a bitfield of
+     * concurrently supported ModemFeatures for one modem.
+     */
+    vec<ConcurrentModemFeatures> concurrentFeatureSupport;
+};
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp b/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b28faf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+//
+// Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "VtsHalRadioConfigV1_3TargetTest",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
+    srcs: [
+        "radio_config_hidl_hal_api.cpp",
+        "radio_config_hidl_hal_test.cpp",
+        "radio_config_response.cpp",
+        "VtsHalRadioConfigV1_3TargetTest.cpp",
+    ],
+    static_libs: [
+        "RadioVtsTestUtilBase",
+        "android.hardware.radio.config@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.radio.config@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.radio.config@1.2",
+        "android.hardware.radio.config@1.3",
+    ],
+    header_libs: ["radio.util.header@1.0"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal b/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioConfigV1_3TargetTest.cpp
similarity index 65%
copy from vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
copy to radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioConfigV1_3TargetTest.cpp
index 76281bc..3bacacf 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/VtsHalRadioConfigV1_3TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,8 +14,10 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package android.hardware.vibrator@1.4;
+#include <radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h>
 
-interface IVibratorCallback {
-    oneway onComplete();
-};
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, RadioConfigHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                ::android::hardware::radio::config::V1_3::IRadioConfig::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_api.cpp b/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_api.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f90023
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_api.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h>
+
+#define ASSERT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk())
+
+/*
+ * Test IRadioConfig.getPhoneCapability_1_3()
+ */
+TEST_P(RadioConfigHidlTest, getPhoneCapability_1_3) {
+    serial = GetRandomSerialNumber();
+    Return<void> res = radioConfig->getPhoneCapability_1_3(serial);
+    ASSERT_OK(res);
+    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
+    EXPECT_EQ(RadioResponseType::SOLICITED, radioConfigRsp->rspInfo.type);
+    EXPECT_EQ(serial, radioConfigRsp->rspInfo.serial);
+    ALOGI("getPhoneCapability_1_3, rspInfo.error = %s\n",
+          toString(radioConfigRsp->rspInfo.error).c_str());
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(CheckAnyOfErrors(
+            radioConfigRsp->rspInfo.error,
+            {RadioError::NONE, RadioError::RADIO_NOT_AVAILABLE, RadioError::INTERNAL_ERR}));
+
+    if (radioConfigRsp->rspInfo.error == RadioError ::NONE) {
+        int numModems = radioConfigRsp->phoneCap_1_3.logicalModemUuids.size();
+        EXPECT_GE(numModems, 0);
+        // length of simSlotCapabilities should be equal to length of logicalModemUuids.
+        EXPECT_EQ(numModems, radioConfigRsp->phoneCap_1_3.simSlotCapabilities.size());
+        // length of modemFeatures in each ConcurrentModemFeatures should be
+        // equal to length of logicalModemUuids.
+        for (V1_3::ConcurrentModemFeatures cmf :
+             radioConfigRsp->phoneCap_1_3.concurrentFeatureSupport) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(numModems, cmf.modemFeatures.size());
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_test.cpp b/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_test.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd48b25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_test.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h>
+
+void RadioConfigHidlTest::SetUp() {
+    radioConfig = V1_3::IRadioConfig::getService(GetParam());
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radioConfig.get());
+
+    radioConfigRsp = new (std::nothrow) RadioConfigResponse(*this);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, radioConfigRsp.get());
+
+    count_ = 0;
+
+    radioConfig->setResponseFunctions(radioConfigRsp, nullptr);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Notify that the response message is received.
+ */
+void RadioConfigHidlTest::notify(int receivedSerial) {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx_);
+    if (serial == receivedSerial) {
+        count_++;
+        cv_.notify_one();
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Wait till the response message is notified or till TIMEOUT_PERIOD.
+ */
+std::cv_status RadioConfigHidlTest::wait() {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx_);
+
+    std::cv_status status = std::cv_status::no_timeout;
+    auto now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
+    while (count_ == 0) {
+        status = cv_.wait_until(lock, now + std::chrono::seconds(TIMEOUT_PERIOD));
+        if (status == std::cv_status::timeout) {
+            return status;
+        }
+    }
+    count_--;
+    return status;
+}
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h b/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b21c7c0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <mutex>
+
+#include <android/hardware/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfig.h>
+#include <android/hardware/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfigIndication.h>
+#include <android/hardware/radio/config/1.3/IRadioConfigResponse.h>
+#include <android/hardware/radio/config/1.3/types.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
+
+#include "vts_test_util.h"
+
+using namespace ::android::hardware::radio::config;
+
+using ::android::sp;
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::Void;
+
+using ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::RadioIndicationType;
+using ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::RadioResponseInfo;
+using ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::RadioResponseType;
+
+#define TIMEOUT_PERIOD 75
+
+class RadioConfigHidlTest;
+
+/* Callback class for radio config response */
+class RadioConfigResponse : public V1_3::IRadioConfigResponse {
+  protected:
+    RadioConfigHidlTest& parent;
+
+  public:
+    RadioResponseInfo rspInfo;
+    V1_1::PhoneCapability phoneCap_1_1;
+    V1_3::PhoneCapability phoneCap_1_3;
+
+    RadioConfigResponse(RadioConfigHidlTest& parent);
+    virtual ~RadioConfigResponse() = default;
+
+    /* 1.0 Api */
+    Return<void> getSimSlotsStatusResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                           const hidl_vec<V1_0::SimSlotStatus>& slotStatus);
+
+    Return<void> setSimSlotsMappingResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    /* 1.1 Api */
+    Return<void> getPhoneCapabilityResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                            const V1_1::PhoneCapability& phoneCapability);
+
+    Return<void> setPreferredDataModemResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    Return<void> getModemsConfigResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                         const V1_1::ModemsConfig& mConfig);
+
+    Return<void> setModemsConfigResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& info);
+
+    /* 1.2 Api */
+    Return<void> getSimSlotsStatusResponse_1_2(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                               const hidl_vec<V1_2::SimSlotStatus>& slotStatus);
+
+    /* 1.3 Api */
+    Return<void> getPhoneCapabilityResponse_1_3(const RadioResponseInfo& info,
+                                                const V1_3::PhoneCapability& phoneCapability);
+};
+
+/* Callback class for radio config indication */
+class RadioConfigIndication : public V1_3::IRadioConfigIndication {
+  protected:
+    RadioConfigHidlTest& parent;
+
+  public:
+    RadioConfigIndication(RadioConfigHidlTest& parent);
+    virtual ~RadioConfigIndication() = default;
+
+    /* 1.2 Api */
+    Return<void> simSlotsStatusChanged_1_2(RadioIndicationType type,
+                                           const hidl_vec<V1_2::SimSlotStatus>& slotStatus);
+};
+
+// The main test class for Radio config HIDL.
+class RadioConfigHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  protected:
+    std::mutex mtx_;
+    std::condition_variable cv_;
+    int count_;
+
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override;
+
+    /* Used as a mechanism to inform the test about data/event callback */
+    void notify(int receivedSerial);
+
+    /* Test code calls this function to wait for response */
+    std::cv_status wait();
+
+    void updateSimCardStatus();
+
+    /* Serial number for radio request */
+    int serial;
+
+    /* radio config service handle */
+    sp<V1_3::IRadioConfig> radioConfig;
+
+    /* radio config response handle */
+    sp<RadioConfigResponse> radioConfigRsp;
+};
diff --git a/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/radio_config_response.cpp b/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/radio_config_response.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22098d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/radio/config/1.3/vts/functional/radio_config_response.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <radio_config_hidl_hal_utils.h>
+
+using namespace ::android::hardware::radio::config;
+
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+
+using ::android::hardware::radio::V1_0::RadioResponseInfo;
+
+RadioConfigResponse::RadioConfigResponse(RadioConfigHidlTest& parent) : parent(parent) {}
+
+/* 1.0 Apis */
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::getSimSlotsStatusResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */,
+        const hidl_vec<V1_0::SimSlotStatus>& /* slotStatus */) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::setSimSlotsMappingResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+/* 1.1 Apis */
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::getPhoneCapabilityResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info, const V1_1::PhoneCapability& phoneCapability) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    phoneCap_1_1 = phoneCapability;
+    parent.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::setPreferredDataModemResponse(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::getModemsConfigResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */,
+                                                          const V1_1::ModemsConfig& /* mConfig */) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::setModemsConfigResponse(const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+/* 1.2 Apis */
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::getSimSlotsStatusResponse_1_2(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& /* info */,
+        const hidl_vec<V1_2::SimSlotStatus>& /* slotStatus */) {
+    return Void();
+}
+
+/* 1.3 Apis */
+Return<void> RadioConfigResponse::getPhoneCapabilityResponse_1_3(
+        const RadioResponseInfo& info, const V1_3::PhoneCapability& phoneCapability) {
+    rspInfo = info;
+    phoneCap_1_3 = phoneCapability;
+    parent.notify(info.serial);
+    return Void();
+}
diff --git a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 87e62f1..e3716e0 100644
--- a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -28,5 +28,5 @@
         "android.hardware.renderscript@1.0",
         "libnativewindow",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsCopyTests.cpp b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsCopyTests.cpp
index f47253f..3040cbf 100644
--- a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsCopyTests.cpp
+++ b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsCopyTests.cpp
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, Simple1DCopyTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, Simple1DCopyTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, Simple2DCopyTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, Simple2DCopyTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, Simple3DCopyTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, Simple3DCopyTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleBitmapTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleBitmapTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, AllocationCopy2DRangeTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, AllocationCopy2DRangeTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, AllocationCopy3DRangeTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, AllocationCopy3DRangeTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleAdapterTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleAdapterTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleMipmapTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleMipmapTest) {
     // uint8_t
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::UNSIGNED_8, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@
  *
  * Expect: dataIn & dataOut are the same.
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleCubemapTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, SimpleCubemapTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@
  * typeCreate, allocationCreateTyped, allocationElementWrite,
  * allocationElementRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ComplexElementTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ComplexElementTest) {
     Element element1 = context->elementCreate(DataType::UNSIGNED_8, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element1);
 
diff --git a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 0636cf9..5e5776c 100644
--- a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -18,8 +18,7 @@
 
 // The main test class for RENDERSCRIPT HIDL HAL.
 void RenderscriptHidlTest::SetUp() {
-    device = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IDevice>(
-        RenderscriptHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IDevice>());
+    device = IDevice::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(nullptr, device.get());
 
     uint32_t version = 0;
@@ -35,11 +34,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(RenderscriptHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    RenderscriptHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, RenderscriptHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IDevice::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.h b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.h
index e11ab92..b7dbed4 100644
--- a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.h
+++ b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalRenderscriptV1_0TargetTest.h
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#ifndef VTS_HAL_RENDERSCRIPT_V1_0_TARGET_TESTS_H
-#define VTS_HAL_RENDERSCRIPT_V1_0_TARGET_TESTS_H
+#pragma once
 
 #define LOG_TAG "renderscript_hidl_hal_test"
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
@@ -24,9 +23,9 @@
 #include <android/hardware/renderscript/1.0/IDevice.h>
 #include <android/hardware/renderscript/1.0/types.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::renderscript::V1_0::Allocation;
 using ::android::hardware::renderscript::V1_0::AllocationAdapter;
@@ -89,8 +88,8 @@
 extern const int bitCodeLength;
 
 // The main test class for RENDERSCRIPT HIDL HAL.
-class RenderscriptHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-public:
+class RenderscriptHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
     virtual void SetUp() override;
     virtual void TearDown() override;
 
@@ -99,17 +98,3 @@
 private:
     sp<IDevice>    device;
 };
-
-// Test environment for RENDERSCRIPT HIDL HAL.
-class RenderscriptHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static RenderscriptHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static RenderscriptHidlEnvironment* instance = new RenderscriptHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IDevice>(); }
-};
-
-#endif // VTS_HAL_RENDERSCRIPT_V1_0_TARGET_TESTS_H
diff --git a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsMiscellaneousTests.cpp b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsMiscellaneousTests.cpp
index 278dbf3..c66ddea 100644
--- a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsMiscellaneousTests.cpp
+++ b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsMiscellaneousTests.cpp
@@ -25,14 +25,14 @@
  *
  * Calls: getService<IDevice>, contextCreate, contextDestroy
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ContextCreateAndDestroy) {}
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ContextCreateAndDestroy) {}
 
 /*
  * Create an Element and verify the return value is valid.
  *
  * Calls: elementCreate
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ElementCreate) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ElementCreate) {
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     EXPECT_NE(Element(0), element);
 }
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
  *
  * Calls: elementCreate, typeCreate, allocationCreateTyped, allocationGetType
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ElementTypeAllocationCreate) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ElementTypeAllocationCreate) {
     // Element create test
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@
  * Calls: elementCreate, typeCreate, elementGetNativeMetadata,
  * typeGetNativeMetadata
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, MetadataTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, MetadataTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
  * Calls: elementCreate, typeCreate, allocationCreateTyped,
  * allocationGetPointer, allocationResize1D
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ResizeTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ResizeTest) {
     // float1
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::FLOAT_32, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@
  * allocationGetNativeWindow, allocationSetNativeWindow, allocationIoSend,
  * allocationIoReceive, allocation2DRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, NativeWindowIoTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, NativeWindowIoTest) {
     // uint8x4
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::UNSIGNED_8, DataKind::USER, false, 4);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@
  * allocation2DWrite, allocation2DRead, allocationIoSend,
  * allocationIoReceive
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, BufferQueueTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, BufferQueueTest) {
     // uint8x4
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::UNSIGNED_8, DataKind::USER, false, 4);
     ASSERT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@
  * Calls: contextInitToClient, contextSendMessage, contextPeekMessage,
  * contextGetMessage, contextDeinitToClient, contextLog
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ContextMessageTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ContextMessageTest) {
     context->contextInitToClient();
 
     const char * message = "correct";
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@
  * Calls: contextSetPriority, contextSetCacheDir, elementCreate, assignName,
  * contextFinish, getName, objDestroy, samplerCreate
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, MiscellaneousTests) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, MiscellaneousTests) {
     context->contextSetPriority(ThreadPriorities::NORMAL);
     context->contextSetCacheDir("/data/local/tmp/temp/");
 
diff --git a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsScriptTests.cpp b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsScriptTests.cpp
index 8d24cfa..9607267 100644
--- a/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsScriptTests.cpp
+++ b/renderscript/1.0/vts/functional/VtsScriptTests.cpp
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
  *
  * Calls: elementCreate, scriptIntrinsicCreate, scriptSetTimeZone
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, IntrinsicTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, IntrinsicTest) {
     // uint8
     Element element = context->elementCreate(DataType::UNSIGNED_8, DataKind::USER, false, 1);
     EXPECT_NE(Element(0), element);
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
  * scriptSetVarF, scriptSetVarD, elementCreate, typeCreate,
  * allocationCreateTyped, scriptSetVarObj, scriptSetVarV, scriptSetVarVE
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptVarTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptVarTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@
  *
  * Calls: scriptCCreate, scriptInvoke, scriptGetVarV, scriptInvokeV
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptInvokeTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptInvokeTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@
  * Calls: scriptCCreate, elementCreate, typeCreate, allocationCreateTyped,
  * allocation1DWrite, scriptForEach, allocationRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptForEachTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptForEachTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@
  * Calls: scriptCCreate, elementCreate, typeCreate, allocationCreateTyped,
  * allocation1DWrite, scriptReduce, contextFinish, allocationRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptReduceTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptReduceTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
  * allocation1DWrite, scriptBindAllocation, scriptSetVarV, scriptBindAllocation,
  * allocationRead, scriptInvokeV, allocationRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptBindTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptBindTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@
  * scriptGroupCreate, scriptGroupSetInput, scriptGroupSetOutput,
  * scriptGroupExecute, contextFinish, allocation2DRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptGroupTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptGroupTest) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> dataIn(256 * 256 * 4, 128), dataOut(256 * 256 * 4, 0),
         zeros(256 * 256 * 4, 0);
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> _dataIn, _dataOut;
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@
  * invokeClosureCreate, closureCreate, closureSetGlobal, scriptGroup2Create,
  * scriptGroupExecute, allocationRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptGroup2Test) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptGroup2Test) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@
  * allocation1DWrite, scriptKernelIDCreate, closureCreate, closureSetArg,
  * scriptGroup2Create, scriptGroupExecute, allocationRead
  */
-TEST_F(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptGroup2KernelTest) {
+TEST_P(RenderscriptHidlTest, ScriptGroup2KernelTest) {
     hidl_vec<uint8_t> bitcode;
     bitcode.setToExternal((uint8_t*)bitCode, bitCodeLength);
     Script script = context->scriptCCreate("struct_test", "/data/local/tmp/", bitcode);
diff --git a/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 2b2b73e..6dbd027 100644
--- a/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -21,5 +21,5 @@
     static_libs: [
         "android.hardware.secure_element@1.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 671923a..93ffd05 100644
--- a/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/secure_element/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,10 +20,11 @@
 #include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.0/ISecureElement.h>
 #include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.0/ISecureElementHalCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 
 using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_0::ISecureElement;
 using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_0::ISecureElementHalCallback;
@@ -32,7 +33,6 @@
 using ::android::hardware::Return;
 using ::android::hardware::Void;
 using ::android::sp;
-using ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase;
 
 #define DATA_APDU \
     { 0x00, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 }
@@ -63,30 +63,11 @@
     };
 };
 
-class SecureElementHidlEnvironment : public VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static SecureElementHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static SecureElementHidlEnvironment* instance = new SecureElementHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<ISecureElement>(); }
-
-   private:
-    SecureElementHidlEnvironment() {}
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(SecureElementHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class SecureElementHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
+class SecureElementHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        std::string serviceName =
-            SecureElementHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<ISecureElement>("eSE1");
-        LOG(INFO) << "get service with name:" << serviceName;
-        ASSERT_FALSE(serviceName.empty());
-        se_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ISecureElement>(serviceName);
+        LOG(INFO) << "get service with name:" << GetParam();
+        se_ = ISecureElement::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(se_, nullptr);
 
         se_cb_ = new SecureElementHalCallback();
@@ -105,7 +86,7 @@
  * isCardPresent:
  * Expects the card to be present
  */
-TEST_F(SecureElementHidlTest, isCardPresent) {
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, isCardPresent) {
     EXPECT_TRUE(se_->isCardPresent());
 }
 
@@ -113,7 +94,7 @@
  * transmit:
  * Check status word in the response
  */
-TEST_F(SecureElementHidlTest, transmit) {
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, transmit) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> aid = ANDROID_TEST_AID;
     SecureElementStatus statusReturned;
     LogicalChannelResponse response;
@@ -153,7 +134,7 @@
  * If the secure element allows opening of basic channel:
  *  open channel, check the length of selectResponse and close the channel
  */
-TEST_F(SecureElementHidlTest, openBasicChannel) {
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, openBasicChannel) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> aid = ANDROID_TEST_AID;
     SecureElementStatus statusReturned;
     std::vector<uint8_t> response;
@@ -179,7 +160,7 @@
 /*
  * GetATR
  */
-TEST_F(SecureElementHidlTest, getAtr) {
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, getAtr) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> atr;
     se_->getAtr([&atr](std::vector<uint8_t> atrReturned) {
         atr.resize(atrReturned.size());
@@ -200,7 +181,7 @@
  * Check status
  * Close Channel
  */
-TEST_F(SecureElementHidlTest, openCloseLogicalChannel) {
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, openCloseLogicalChannel) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> aid = ANDROID_TEST_AID;
     SecureElementStatus statusReturned;
     LogicalChannelResponse response;
@@ -223,10 +204,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(SecureElementStatus::SUCCESS, se_->closeChannel(response.channelNumber));
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(SecureElementHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    SecureElementHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, SecureElementHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ISecureElement::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 51410bd..a2c39dc 100644
--- a/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -22,5 +22,5 @@
         "android.hardware.secure_element@1.0",
         "android.hardware.secure_element@1.1",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_1TargetTest.cpp b/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_1TargetTest.cpp
index f8765ca..66fc47c 100644
--- a/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/secure_element/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -22,10 +22,11 @@
 #include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.0/types.h>
 #include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.1/ISecureElement.h>
 #include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.1/ISecureElementHalCallback.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
@@ -33,7 +34,6 @@
 using ::android::hardware::Void;
 using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_1::ISecureElement;
 using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_1::ISecureElementHalCallback;
-using ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase;
 
 constexpr char kCallbackNameOnStateChange[] = "onStateChange";
 
@@ -60,30 +60,11 @@
     Return<void> onStateChange(__attribute__((unused)) bool state) override { return Void(); }
 };
 
-class SecureElementHidlEnvironment : public VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static SecureElementHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static SecureElementHidlEnvironment* instance = new SecureElementHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<ISecureElement>(); }
-
-   private:
-    SecureElementHidlEnvironment() {}
-
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(SecureElementHidlEnvironment);
-};
-
-class SecureElementHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
+class SecureElementHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        std::string serviceName =
-                SecureElementHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<ISecureElement>("eSE1");
-        LOG(INFO) << "get service with name:" << serviceName;
-        ASSERT_FALSE(serviceName.empty());
-        se_ = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ISecureElement>(serviceName);
+        LOG(INFO) << "get service with name:" << GetParam();
+        se_ = ISecureElement::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(se_, nullptr);
 
         se_cb_ = new SecureElementHalCallback();
@@ -103,14 +84,11 @@
  * isCardPresent:
  * Expects the card to be present
  */
-TEST_F(SecureElementHidlTest, isCardPresent) {
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, isCardPresent) {
     EXPECT_TRUE(se_->isCardPresent());
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(SecureElementHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    SecureElementHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, SecureElementHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ISecureElement::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/secure_element/1.2/Android.bp b/secure_element/1.2/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e134771
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/1.2/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
+
+hidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.secure_element@1.2",
+    root: "android.hardware",
+    vndk: {
+        enabled: true,
+    },
+    srcs: [
+        "ISecureElement.hal",
+    ],
+    interfaces: [
+        "android.hardware.secure_element@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.secure_element@1.1",
+        "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+    ],
+    gen_java: true,
+}
diff --git a/secure_element/1.2/ISecureElement.hal b/secure_element/1.2/ISecureElement.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16cc577
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/1.2/ISecureElement.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.secure_element@1.2;
+
+import @1.1::ISecureElementHalCallback;
+import @1.1::ISecureElement;
+import @1.0::SecureElementStatus;
+
+interface ISecureElement extends @1.1::ISecureElement {
+    /**
+     * Reset the Secure Element.
+     *
+     * HAL should trigger reset to the secure element. It could hardware power cycle or
+     * a soft reset depends on hardware design.
+     * HAL service must send onStateChange() with connected equal to true
+     * after resetting and all the re-initialization has been successfully completed.
+     *
+     * @return SecureElementStatus::SUCCESS on success and SecureElementStatus::FAILED on error.
+     */
+    reset() generates (SecureElementStatus status);
+};
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp b/secure_element/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
similarity index 65%
copy from vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
copy to secure_element/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 202a824..a173210 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/secure_element/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -15,19 +15,13 @@
 //
 
 cc_test {
-    name: "VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest",
+    name: "VtsHalSecureElementV1_2TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
-    srcs: ["VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest.cpp"],
+    srcs: ["VtsHalSecureElementV1_2TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: [
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.3",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.4",
+        "android.hardware.secure_element@1.0",
+        "android.hardware.secure_element@1.1",
+        "android.hardware.secure_element@1.2",
     ],
-    test_suites: [
-        "general-tests",
-        "vts-core",
-    ],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
-
diff --git a/secure_element/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_2TargetTest.cpp b/secure_element/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_2TargetTest.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..98e4502
--- /dev/null
+++ b/secure_element/1.2/vts/functional/VtsHalSecureElementV1_2TargetTest.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <string>
+
+#define LOG_TAG "secure_element_hidl_hal_test"
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+
+#include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.0/types.h>
+#include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.1/ISecureElementHalCallback.h>
+#include <android/hardware/secure_element/1.2/ISecureElement.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
+
+#include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
+
+using ::android::sp;
+using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
+using ::android::hardware::Return;
+using ::android::hardware::Void;
+using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_0::SecureElementStatus;
+using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_1::ISecureElementHalCallback;
+using ::android::hardware::secure_element::V1_2::ISecureElement;
+
+constexpr char kCallbackNameOnStateChange[] = "onStateChange";
+
+class SecureElementCallbackArgs {
+  public:
+    bool state_;
+    hidl_string reason_;
+};
+
+class SecureElementHalCallback
+    : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase<SecureElementCallbackArgs>,
+      public ISecureElementHalCallback {
+  public:
+    virtual ~SecureElementHalCallback() = default;
+
+    Return<void> onStateChange_1_1(bool state, const hidl_string& reason) override {
+        SecureElementCallbackArgs args;
+        args.state_ = state;
+        args.reason_ = reason;
+        NotifyFromCallback(kCallbackNameOnStateChange, args);
+        return Void();
+    };
+
+    Return<void> onStateChange(__attribute__((unused)) bool state) override { return Void(); }
+};
+
+class SecureElementHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        LOG(INFO) << "get service with name:" << GetParam();
+        se_ = ISecureElement::getService(GetParam());
+        ASSERT_NE(se_, nullptr);
+
+        se_cb_ = new SecureElementHalCallback();
+        ASSERT_NE(se_cb_, nullptr);
+        se_->init_1_1(se_cb_);
+        auto res = se_cb_->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameOnStateChange);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(res.no_timeout);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(res.args->state_);
+        EXPECT_NE(res.args->reason_, "");
+    }
+
+    sp<ISecureElement> se_;
+    sp<SecureElementHalCallback> se_cb_;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Reset:
+ * Calls reset()
+ * Checks status
+ * Check onStateChange is received with connected state set to true
+ */
+TEST_P(SecureElementHidlTest, Reset) {
+    EXPECT_EQ(SecureElementStatus::SUCCESS, se_->reset());
+
+    auto res = se_cb_->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameOnStateChange);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(res.no_timeout);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(res.args->state_);
+}
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, SecureElementHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ISecureElement::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 7bb992b..1167fd4 100644
--- a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -31,6 +31,6 @@
         "android.hardware.sensors@1.0",
         "VtsHalSensorsTargetTestUtils",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
 
diff --git a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb0d64c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="900000" />
+        <option name="runtime-hint" value="300000"/>
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.cpp b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.cpp
index 00207b1..1e5e886 100644
--- a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.cpp
+++ b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.cpp
@@ -35,8 +35,7 @@
         // this do ... while is for easy error handling
         do {
             step = "getService()";
-            sensors = ISensors::getService(
-                SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0::Instance()->getServiceName<ISensors>());
+            sensors = ISensors::getService(mServiceName);
             if (sensors == nullptr) {
                 break;
             }
diff --git a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.h b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.h
index 0a9e59f..29bfa50 100644
--- a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.h
+++ b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0.h
@@ -32,23 +32,14 @@
 class SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0 : public SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase {
    public:
     using Event = ::android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::Event;
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0* Instance() {
-        static SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0* instance = new SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0();
-        return instance;
-    }
+    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0(const std::string& service_name)
+        : SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase(service_name) {}
 
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::ISensors>();
-    }
-
-   private:
+  private:
     friend SensorsHidlTest;
     // sensors hidl service
     sp<android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::ISensors> sensors;
 
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0() {}
-
     bool resetHal() override;
     void startPollingThread() override;
     static void pollingThread(SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0* env, std::atomic_bool& stop);
diff --git a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 5453ef6..2cad54d 100644
--- a/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/sensors/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/1.0/ISensors.h>
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/1.0/types.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <utils/SystemClock.h>
 
@@ -33,7 +35,17 @@
 // The main test class for SENSORS HIDL HAL.
 
 class SensorsHidlTest : public SensorsHidlTestBase {
-   protected:
+  public:
+    virtual void SetUp() override {
+        mEnvironment = new SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0(GetParam());
+        mEnvironment->HidlSetUp();
+        // Ensure that we have a valid environment before performing tests
+        ASSERT_NE(S(), nullptr);
+    }
+
+    virtual void TearDown() override { mEnvironment->HidlTearDown(); }
+
+  protected:
     SensorInfo defaultSensorByType(SensorType type) override;
     std::vector<SensorInfo> getSensorsList();
     // implementation wrapper
@@ -66,11 +78,13 @@
         return S()->configDirectReport(sensorHandle, channelHandle, rate, _hidl_cb);
     }
 
-    inline sp<ISensors>& S() { return SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0::Instance()->sensors; }
+    inline sp<ISensors>& S() { return mEnvironment->sensors; }
 
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase* getEnvironment() override {
-        return SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0::Instance();
-    }
+    SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase* getEnvironment() override { return mEnvironment; }
+
+  private:
+    // Test environment for sensors HAL.
+    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0* mEnvironment;
 };
 
 Return<Result> SensorsHidlTest::activate(int32_t sensorHandle, bool enabled) {
@@ -133,55 +147,52 @@
 }
 
 // Test if sensor list returned is valid
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, SensorListValid) {
-  S()->getSensorsList(
-      [&] (const auto &list) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, SensorListValid) {
+    S()->getSensorsList([&](const auto& list) {
         const size_t count = list.size();
         for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
-          const auto &s = list[i];
-          SCOPED_TRACE(::testing::Message() << i << "/" << count << ": "
-                       << " handle=0x" << std::hex << std::setw(8) << std::setfill('0')
-                       << s.sensorHandle << std::dec
-                       << " type=" << static_cast<int>(s.type)
-                       << " name=" << s.name);
+            const auto& s = list[i];
+            SCOPED_TRACE(::testing::Message()
+                         << i << "/" << count << ": "
+                         << " handle=0x" << std::hex << std::setw(8) << std::setfill('0')
+                         << s.sensorHandle << std::dec << " type=" << static_cast<int>(s.type)
+                         << " name=" << s.name);
 
-          // Test non-empty type string
-          EXPECT_FALSE(s.typeAsString.empty());
+            // Test non-empty type string
+            EXPECT_FALSE(s.typeAsString.empty());
 
-          // Test defined type matches defined string type
-          EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertTypeMatchStringType(s.type, s.typeAsString));
+            // Test defined type matches defined string type
+            EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertTypeMatchStringType(s.type, s.typeAsString));
 
-          // Test if all sensor has name and vendor
-          EXPECT_FALSE(s.name.empty());
-          EXPECT_FALSE(s.vendor.empty());
+            // Test if all sensor has name and vendor
+            EXPECT_FALSE(s.name.empty());
+            EXPECT_FALSE(s.vendor.empty());
 
-          // Test power > 0, maxRange > 0
-          EXPECT_LE(0, s.power);
-          EXPECT_LT(0, s.maxRange);
+            // Test power > 0, maxRange > 0
+            EXPECT_LE(0, s.power);
+            EXPECT_LT(0, s.maxRange);
 
-          // Info type, should have no sensor
-          EXPECT_FALSE(
-              s.type == SensorType::ADDITIONAL_INFO
-              || s.type == SensorType::META_DATA);
+            // Info type, should have no sensor
+            EXPECT_FALSE(s.type == SensorType::ADDITIONAL_INFO || s.type == SensorType::META_DATA);
 
-          // Test fifoMax >= fifoReserved
-          EXPECT_GE(s.fifoMaxEventCount, s.fifoReservedEventCount)
-              << "max=" << s.fifoMaxEventCount << " reserved=" << s.fifoReservedEventCount;
+            // Test fifoMax >= fifoReserved
+            EXPECT_GE(s.fifoMaxEventCount, s.fifoReservedEventCount)
+                    << "max=" << s.fifoMaxEventCount << " reserved=" << s.fifoReservedEventCount;
 
-          // Test Reporting mode valid
-          EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertTypeMatchReportMode(s.type, extractReportMode(s.flags)));
+            // Test Reporting mode valid
+            EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(assertTypeMatchReportMode(s.type, extractReportMode(s.flags)));
 
-          // Test min max are in the right order
-          EXPECT_LE(s.minDelay, s.maxDelay);
-          // Test min/max delay matches reporting mode
-          EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
-              assertDelayMatchReportMode(s.minDelay, s.maxDelay, extractReportMode(s.flags)));
+            // Test min max are in the right order
+            EXPECT_LE(s.minDelay, s.maxDelay);
+            // Test min/max delay matches reporting mode
+            EXPECT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(
+                    assertDelayMatchReportMode(s.minDelay, s.maxDelay, extractReportMode(s.flags)));
         }
-      });
+    });
 }
 
 // Test if sensor list returned is valid
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, SetOperationMode) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, SetOperationMode) {
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensorList = getSensorsList();
 
     bool needOperationModeSupport =
@@ -199,7 +210,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test if sensor list returned is valid
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, InjectSensorEventData) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, InjectSensorEventData) {
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensorList = getSensorsList();
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensorSupportInjection;
 
@@ -244,224 +255,202 @@
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do UI speed accelerometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do normal speed accelerometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do game speed accelerometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationFast) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationFast) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do UI speed gyroscope streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationSlow) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationSlow) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do normal speed gyroscope streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationNormal) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationNormal) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do game speed gyroscope streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationFast) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationFast) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do UI speed magnetometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do normal speed magnetometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do game speed magnetometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationFast) {
-  testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD,
-                         std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
-                         std::chrono::seconds(5),
-                         NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationFast) {
+    testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
+                           std::chrono::seconds(5), NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do accelerometer sampling rate switch properly when sensor is active
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
-  testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER);
-  testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, false /*fastToSlow*/);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
+    testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER);
+    testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, false /*fastToSlow*/);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do gyroscope sampling rate switch properly when sensor is active
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
-  testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE);
-  testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, false /*fastToSlow*/);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
+    testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE);
+    testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, false /*fastToSlow*/);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do magnetometer sampling rate switch properly when sensor is active
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
-  testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD);
-  testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, false /*fastToSlow*/);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
+    testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD);
+    testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, false /*fastToSlow*/);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do accelerometer batching properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerBatchingOperation) {
-  testBatchingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerBatchingOperation) {
+    testBatchingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do gyroscope batching properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeBatchingOperation) {
-  testBatchingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeBatchingOperation) {
+    testBatchingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do magnetometer batching properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerBatchingOperation) {
-  testBatchingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerBatchingOperation) {
+    testBatchingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for accel sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
-                            sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
+                              sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for accel sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
-                            sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
+                              sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for accel sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
-                            sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM,
+                              RateLevel::VERY_FAST, sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for gyro sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
-                            sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
+                              sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for gyro sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
-                            sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
+                              sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for gyro sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
-                            sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
+                              sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for mag sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
-                            NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
+                              NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for mag sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
-                            NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
+                              NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for mag sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(
-      SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::VERY_FAST, NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM,
+                              RateLevel::VERY_FAST, NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for accel sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
-                            sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
+                              sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for accel sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
-                            sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
+                              sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for accel sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
-                            sAccelNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC,
+                              RateLevel::VERY_FAST, sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for gyro sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
-                            sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
+                              sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for gyro sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
-                            sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
+                              sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for gyro sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
-                            sGyroNormChecker);
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
+                              sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for mag sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
-                            NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
+                              NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for mag sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
-                            NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
+                              NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for mag sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
-  testDirectReportOperation(
-      SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::VERY_FAST, NullChecker());
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+    testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC,
+                              RateLevel::VERY_FAST, NullChecker());
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV1_0::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, SensorsHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ISensors::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
 // vim: set ts=2 sw=2
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/multihal/Android.bp b/sensors/2.0/multihal/Android.bp
index c13eaf2..24c475c 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/multihal/Android.bp
+++ b/sensors/2.0/multihal/Android.bp
@@ -43,10 +43,10 @@
     srcs: [
         "service.cpp",
         "HalProxy.cpp",
-        "ScopedWakelock.cpp",
     ],
     init_rc: ["android.hardware.sensors@2.0-service-multihal.rc"],
     vintf_fragments: ["android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal.xml"],
+    shared_libs: ["android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock"],
 }
 
 cc_library_headers {
@@ -55,19 +55,40 @@
     export_include_dirs: ["include"],
 }
 
+cc_library_shared {
+    name: "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock",
+    defaults: [
+        "hidl_defaults",
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal-defaults",
+    ],
+    srcs: [
+        "ScopedWakelock.cpp",
+    ],
+    vendor_available: true,
+    export_header_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal.header",
+    ],
+}
+
 // The below targets should only be used for testing.
 cc_test_library {
     name: "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-HalProxy",
-    defaults: ["android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal-defaults"],
+    defaults: [
+        "hidl_defaults",
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal-defaults",
+    ],
     vendor_available: true,
     srcs: [
         "HalProxy.cpp",
-        "ScopedWakelock.cpp",
     ],
     export_header_lib_headers: [
         "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal.header",
     ],
+    export_shared_lib_headers: [
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock",
+    ],
     shared_libs: [
         "libutils",
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/multihal/HalProxy.cpp b/sensors/2.0/multihal/HalProxy.cpp
index 03ff605..ac6f17a 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/multihal/HalProxy.cpp
+++ b/sensors/2.0/multihal/HalProxy.cpp
@@ -290,6 +290,8 @@
     stream << "  Wakelock ref count: " << mWakelockRefCount << std::endl;
     stream << "  # of events on pending write writes queue: " << mSizePendingWriteEventsQueue
            << std::endl;
+    stream << " Most events seen on pending write events queue: "
+           << mMostEventsObservedPendingWriteEventsQueue << std::endl;
     if (!mPendingWriteEventsQueue.empty()) {
         stream << "  Size of events list on front of pending writes queue: "
                << mPendingWriteEventsQueue.front().first.size() << std::endl;
@@ -486,15 +488,14 @@
                 }
             }
             lock.lock();
+            mSizePendingWriteEventsQueue -= numToWrite;
             if (pendingWriteEvents.size() > eventQueueSize) {
                 // TODO(b/143302327): Check if this erase operation is too inefficient. It will copy
                 // all the events ahead of it down to fill gap off array at front after the erase.
                 pendingWriteEvents.erase(pendingWriteEvents.begin(),
                                          pendingWriteEvents.begin() + eventQueueSize);
-                mSizePendingWriteEventsQueue -= eventQueueSize;
             } else {
                 mPendingWriteEventsQueue.pop();
-                mSizePendingWriteEventsQueue -= pendingWriteEvents.size();
             }
         }
     }
@@ -572,6 +573,8 @@
         std::vector<Event> eventsLeft(events.begin() + numToWrite, events.end());
         mPendingWriteEventsQueue.push({eventsLeft, numWakeupEvents});
         mSizePendingWriteEventsQueue += numLeft;
+        mMostEventsObservedPendingWriteEventsQueue =
+                std::max(mMostEventsObservedPendingWriteEventsQueue, mSizePendingWriteEventsQueue);
         mEventQueueWriteCV.notify_one();
     }
 }
@@ -652,12 +655,12 @@
     if (numWakeupEvents > 0) {
         ALOG_ASSERT(wakelock.isLocked(),
                     "Wakeup events posted while wakelock unlocked for subhal"
-                    " w/ index %zu.",
+                    " w/ index %" PRId32 ".",
                     mSubHalIndex);
     } else {
         ALOG_ASSERT(!wakelock.isLocked(),
                     "No Wakeup events posted but wakelock locked for subhal"
-                    " w/ index %zu.",
+                    " w/ index %" PRId32 ".",
                     mSubHalIndex);
     }
     mHalProxy->postEventsToMessageQueue(processedEvents, numWakeupEvents, std::move(wakelock));
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/multihal/android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal.xml b/sensors/2.0/multihal/android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal.xml
index a771100..1acc8e6 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/multihal/android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal.xml
+++ b/sensors/2.0/multihal/android.hardware.sensors@2.0-multihal.xml
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
         <version>2.0</version>
         <interface>
             <name>ISensors</name>
-            <instance>multihal</instance>
+            <instance>default</instance>
         </interface>
     </hal>
 </manifest>
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/multihal/include/HalProxy.h b/sensors/2.0/multihal/include/HalProxy.h
index ce28e67..978f7cf 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/multihal/include/HalProxy.h
+++ b/sensors/2.0/multihal/include/HalProxy.h
@@ -200,6 +200,9 @@
      */
     std::queue<std::pair<std::vector<Event>, size_t>> mPendingWriteEventsQueue;
 
+    //! The most events observed on the pending write events queue for debug purposes.
+    size_t mMostEventsObservedPendingWriteEventsQueue = 0;
+
     //! The max number of events allowed in the pending write events queue
     static constexpr size_t kMaxSizePendingWriteEventsQueue = 100000;
 
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/multihal/tests/Android.bp b/sensors/2.0/multihal/tests/Android.bp
index e7f9499..a9feaf7 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/multihal/tests/Android.bp
+++ b/sensors/2.0/multihal/tests/Android.bp
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.sensors@1.0",
         "android.hardware.sensors@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock",
         "libcutils",
         "libfmq",
         "libhardware",
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@
         "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-HalProxy",
     ],
     cflags: [
-        "-DLOG_TAG=\"FakeSubHal\""
+        "-DLOG_TAG=\"FakeSubHal\"",
     ],
 }
 
@@ -83,6 +84,7 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "android.hardware.sensors@1.0",
         "android.hardware.sensors@2.0",
+        "android.hardware.sensors@2.0-ScopedWakelock",
         "libbase",
         "libcutils",
         "libfmq",
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b710ed0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/AndroidTest.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<!-- Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+
+     Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+     you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+     You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+     Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+     distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+     WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+     See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+     limitations under the License.
+-->
+<configuration description="Runs VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest.">
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct" />
+    <option name="test-suite-tag" value="apct-native" />
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RootTargetPreparer">
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.RunCommandTargetPreparer">
+        <option name="run-command" value="stop"/>
+        <option name="teardown-command" value="start"/>
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <target_preparer class="com.android.tradefed.targetprep.PushFilePreparer">
+        <option name="cleanup" value="true" />
+        <option name="push" value="VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest->/data/local/tmp/VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest" />
+    </target_preparer>
+
+    <test class="com.android.tradefed.testtype.GTest" >
+        <option name="native-test-timeout" value="900000" />
+        <option name="runtime-hint" value="300000"/>
+        <option name="native-test-device-path" value="/data/local/tmp" />
+        <option name="module-name" value="VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest" />
+    </test>
+</configuration>
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.cpp b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.cpp
index 03fcc17..2071c5a 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.cpp
+++ b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.cpp
@@ -58,8 +58,7 @@
 bool SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::resetHal() {
     bool succeed = false;
     do {
-        mSensors = ISensors::getService(
-            SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::Instance()->getServiceName<ISensors>());
+        mSensors = ISensors::getService(mServiceName);
         if (mSensors == nullptr) {
             break;
         }
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.h b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.h
index b0dbd90..819cdd4 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.h
+++ b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0.h
@@ -42,22 +42,12 @@
 class SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0 : public SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase {
    public:
     using Event = ::android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::Event;
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0* Instance() {
-        static SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0* instance = new SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0();
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<android::hardware::sensors::V2_0::ISensors>();
-    }
-
     virtual void HidlTearDown() override;
 
    protected:
     friend SensorsHidlTest;
-
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0() : mEventQueueFlag(nullptr) {}
+    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0(const std::string& service_name)
+        : SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase(service_name), mEventQueueFlag(nullptr) {}
 
     /**
      * Resets the HAL with new FMQs and a new Event Flag
diff --git a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest.cpp b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest.cpp
index 8364ba9..540529d 100644
--- a/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/sensors/2.0/vts/functional/VtsHalSensorsV2_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
 
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/2.0/ISensors.h>
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/2.0/types.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <utils/SystemClock.h>
 
@@ -120,10 +122,14 @@
 class SensorsHidlTest : public SensorsHidlTestBase {
   public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
+        mEnvironment = new SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0(GetParam());
+        mEnvironment->HidlSetUp();
         // Ensure that we have a valid environment before performing tests
         ASSERT_NE(getSensors(), nullptr);
     }
 
+    virtual void TearDown() override { mEnvironment->HidlTearDown(); }
+
   protected:
     SensorInfo defaultSensorByType(SensorType type) override;
     std::vector<SensorInfo> getSensorsList();
@@ -160,12 +166,10 @@
     }
 
     inline sp<::android::hardware::sensors::V2_0::ISensors>& getSensors() {
-        return SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::Instance()->mSensors;
+        return mEnvironment->mSensors;
     }
 
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase* getEnvironment() override {
-        return SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::Instance();
-    }
+    SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase* getEnvironment() override { return mEnvironment; }
 
     // Test helpers
     void runSingleFlushTest(const std::vector<SensorInfo>& sensors, bool activateSensor,
@@ -191,6 +195,10 @@
     void checkRateLevel(const SensorInfo& sensor, int32_t directChannelHandle, RateLevel rateLevel);
     void queryDirectChannelSupport(SharedMemType memType, bool* supportsSharedMemType,
                                    bool* supportsAnyDirectChannel);
+
+  private:
+    // Test environment for sensors HAL.
+    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0* mEnvironment;
 };
 
 Return<Result> SensorsHidlTest::activate(int32_t sensorHandle, bool enabled) {
@@ -295,13 +303,13 @@
     // Find a sensor handle that does not exist in the sensor list
     int32_t maxHandle = 0;
     for (const SensorInfo& sensor : getSensorsList()) {
-        maxHandle = max(maxHandle, sensor.sensorHandle);
+        maxHandle = std::max(maxHandle, sensor.sensorHandle);
     }
     return maxHandle + 1;
 }
 
 // Test if sensor list returned is valid
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, SensorListValid) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, SensorListValid) {
     getSensors()->getSensorsList([&](const auto& list) {
         const size_t count = list.size();
         for (size_t i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
@@ -346,7 +354,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that SetOperationMode returns the expected value
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, SetOperationMode) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, SetOperationMode) {
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensors = getInjectEventSensors();
     if (getInjectEventSensors().size() > 0) {
         ASSERT_EQ(Result::OK, getSensors()->setOperationMode(OperationMode::NORMAL));
@@ -358,7 +366,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that an injected event is written back to the Event FMQ
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, InjectSensorEventData) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, InjectSensorEventData) {
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensors = getInjectEventSensors();
     if (sensors.size() == 0) {
         return;
@@ -414,196 +422,196 @@
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do UI speed accelerometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do normal speed accelerometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do game speed accelerometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerStreamingOperationFast) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do UI speed gyroscope streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationSlow) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationSlow) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do normal speed gyroscope streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationNormal) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do game speed gyroscope streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeStreamingOperationFast) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do UI speed magnetometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationSlow) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, std::chrono::milliseconds(200),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do normal speed magnetometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationNormal) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, std::chrono::milliseconds(20),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do game speed magnetometer streaming properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerStreamingOperationFast) {
     testStreamingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, std::chrono::milliseconds(5),
                            std::chrono::seconds(5), NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do accelerometer sampling rate switch properly when sensor is active
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
     testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER);
     testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, false /*fastToSlow*/);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do gyroscope sampling rate switch properly when sensor is active
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
     testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE);
     testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, false /*fastToSlow*/);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do magnetometer sampling rate switch properly when sensor is active
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerSamplingPeriodHotSwitchOperation) {
     testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD);
     testSamplingRateHotSwitchOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, false /*fastToSlow*/);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do accelerometer batching properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerBatchingOperation) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerBatchingOperation) {
     testBatchingOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do gyroscope batching properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeBatchingOperation) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeBatchingOperation) {
     testBatchingOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE);
 }
 
 // Test if sensor hal can do magnetometer batching properly
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerBatchingOperation) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerBatchingOperation) {
     testBatchingOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for accel sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
                               sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for accel sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
                               sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for accel sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::ASHMEM,
                               RateLevel::VERY_FAST, sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for gyro sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
                               sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for gyro sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
                               sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for gyro sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
                               sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for mag sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationNormal) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::NORMAL,
                               NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for mag sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM, RateLevel::FAST,
                               NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with ashmem for mag sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerAshmemDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::ASHMEM,
                               RateLevel::VERY_FAST, NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for accel sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
                               sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for accel sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
                               sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for accel sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, AccelerometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::ACCELEROMETER, SharedMemType::GRALLOC,
                               RateLevel::VERY_FAST, sAccelNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for gyro sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
                               sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for gyro sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
                               sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for gyro sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, GyroscopeGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::GYROSCOPE, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::VERY_FAST,
                               sGyroNormChecker);
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for mag sensor at normal rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationNormal) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::NORMAL,
                               NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for mag sensor at fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC, RateLevel::FAST,
                               NullChecker());
 }
 
 // Test sensor event direct report with gralloc for mag sensor at very fast rate
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, MagnetometerGrallocDirectReportOperationVeryFast) {
     testDirectReportOperation(SensorType::MAGNETIC_FIELD, SharedMemType::GRALLOC,
                               RateLevel::VERY_FAST, NullChecker());
 }
@@ -619,9 +627,13 @@
 
 // Test that if initialize is called twice, then the HAL writes events to the FMQs from the second
 // call to the function.
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, CallInitializeTwice) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, CallInitializeTwice) {
     // Create a helper class so that a second environment is able to be instantiated
-    class SensorsHidlEnvironmentTest : public SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0 {};
+    class SensorsHidlEnvironmentTest : public SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0 {
+      public:
+        SensorsHidlEnvironmentTest(const std::string& service_name)
+            : SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0(service_name) {}
+    };
 
     if (getSensorsList().size() == 0) {
         // No sensors
@@ -633,7 +645,7 @@
 
     // Create a new environment that calls initialize()
     std::unique_ptr<SensorsHidlEnvironmentTest> newEnv =
-        std::make_unique<SensorsHidlEnvironmentTest>();
+            std::make_unique<SensorsHidlEnvironmentTest>(GetParam());
     newEnv->HidlSetUp();
     if (HasFatalFailure()) {
         return;  // Exit early if setting up the new environment failed
@@ -662,7 +674,7 @@
     activateAllSensors(false);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, CleanupConnectionsOnInitialize) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, CleanupConnectionsOnInitialize) {
     activateAllSensors(true);
 
     // Verify that events are received
@@ -731,7 +743,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, FlushSensor) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, FlushSensor) {
     // Find a sensor that is not a one-shot sensor
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensors = getNonOneShotSensors();
     if (sensors.size() == 0) {
@@ -743,7 +755,7 @@
     runFlushTest(sensors, true /* activateSensor */, kFlushes, kFlushes, Result::OK);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, FlushOneShotSensor) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, FlushOneShotSensor) {
     // Find a sensor that is a one-shot sensor
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensors = getOneShotSensors();
     if (sensors.size() == 0) {
@@ -754,7 +766,7 @@
                        Result::BAD_VALUE);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, FlushInactiveSensor) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, FlushInactiveSensor) {
     // Attempt to find a non-one shot sensor, then a one-shot sensor if necessary
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensors = getNonOneShotSensors();
     if (sensors.size() == 0) {
@@ -768,7 +780,7 @@
                        Result::BAD_VALUE);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, FlushNonexistentSensor) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, FlushNonexistentSensor) {
     SensorInfo sensor;
     std::vector<SensorInfo> sensors = getNonOneShotSensors();
     if (sensors.size() == 0) {
@@ -783,7 +795,7 @@
                        0 /* expectedFlushCount */, Result::BAD_VALUE);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, Batch) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, Batch) {
     if (getSensorsList().size() == 0) {
         return;
     }
@@ -815,7 +827,7 @@
               Result::BAD_VALUE);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, Activate) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, Activate) {
     if (getSensorsList().size() == 0) {
         return;
     }
@@ -841,7 +853,7 @@
     ASSERT_EQ(activate(invalidHandle, false), Result::BAD_VALUE);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, NoStaleEvents) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, NoStaleEvents) {
     constexpr milliseconds kFiveHundredMs(500);
     constexpr milliseconds kOneSecond(1000);
 
@@ -1021,11 +1033,11 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, DirectChannelAshmem) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, DirectChannelAshmem) {
     verifyDirectChannel(SharedMemType::ASHMEM);
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, DirectChannelGralloc) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, DirectChannelGralloc) {
     verifyDirectChannel(SharedMemType::GRALLOC);
 }
 
@@ -1064,7 +1076,7 @@
     return found;
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, ConfigureDirectChannelWithInvalidHandle) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, ConfigureDirectChannelWithInvalidHandle) {
     SensorInfo sensor;
     SharedMemType memType;
     RateLevel rate;
@@ -1078,7 +1090,7 @@
     });
 }
 
-TEST_F(SensorsHidlTest, CleanupDirectConnectionOnInitialize) {
+TEST_P(SensorsHidlTest, CleanupDirectConnectionOnInitialize) {
     constexpr size_t kNumEvents = 1;
     constexpr size_t kMemSize = kNumEvents * kEventSize;
 
@@ -1124,12 +1136,8 @@
     mDirectChannelHandles = handles;
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentV2_0::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(PerInstance, SensorsHidlTest,
+                         testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+                                 android::hardware::sensors::V2_0::ISensors::descriptor)),
+                         android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
 // vim: set ts=2 sw=2
diff --git a/sensors/common/vts/utils/Android.bp b/sensors/common/vts/utils/Android.bp
index 02dc608..bb4d329 100644
--- a/sensors/common/vts/utils/Android.bp
+++ b/sensors/common/vts/utils/Android.bp
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 cc_library_static {
     name: "VtsHalSensorsTargetTestUtils",
+    defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     cflags: ["-DLOG_TAG=\"sensors_hidl_hal_test\""],
     srcs: [
         "GrallocWrapper.cpp",
@@ -36,6 +37,5 @@
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@2.1",
         "android.hardware.graphics.mapper@3.0",
         "android.hardware.sensors@1.0",
-        "VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase.h b/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase.h
index 6499fba..dbc9392 100644
--- a/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase.h
+++ b/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase.h
@@ -17,9 +17,8 @@
 #ifndef ANDROID_SENSORS_HIDL_ENVIRONMENT_BASE_H
 #define ANDROID_SENSORS_HIDL_ENVIRONMENT_BASE_H
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
-
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include <atomic>
 #include <memory>
@@ -33,11 +32,11 @@
     virtual void onEvent(const ::android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::Event& event) = 0;
 };
 
-class SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
+class SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase {
+  public:
     using Event = ::android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::Event;
-    virtual void HidlSetUp() override;
-    virtual void HidlTearDown() override;
+    virtual void HidlSetUp();
+    virtual void HidlTearDown();
 
     // Get and clear all events collected so far (like "cat" shell command).
     // If output is nullptr, it clears all collected events.
@@ -50,22 +49,27 @@
     void unregisterCallback();
 
    protected:
-    SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase() : mCollectionEnabled(false), mCallback(nullptr) {}
+     SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase(const std::string& service_name)
+         : mCollectionEnabled(false), mCallback(nullptr) {
+         mServiceName = service_name;
+     }
+     virtual ~SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase(){};
 
-    void addEvent(const Event& ev);
+     void addEvent(const Event& ev);
 
-    virtual void startPollingThread() = 0;
-    virtual bool resetHal() = 0;
+     virtual void startPollingThread() = 0;
+     virtual bool resetHal() = 0;
 
-    bool mCollectionEnabled;
-    std::atomic_bool mStopThread;
-    std::thread mPollThread;
-    std::vector<Event> mEvents;
-    std::mutex mEventsMutex;
+     std::string mServiceName;
+     bool mCollectionEnabled;
+     std::atomic_bool mStopThread;
+     std::thread mPollThread;
+     std::vector<Event> mEvents;
+     std::mutex mEventsMutex;
 
-    IEventCallback* mCallback;
+     IEventCallback* mCallback;
 
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase);
+     GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase);
 };
 
 #endif  // ANDROID_SENSORS_HIDL_ENVIRONMENT_BASE_H
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlTestBase.h b/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlTestBase.h
index 6fd9a2b..54e899b 100644
--- a/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlTestBase.h
+++ b/sensors/common/vts/utils/include/sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlTestBase.h
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@
 #include "sensors-vts-utils/SensorEventsChecker.h"
 #include "sensors-vts-utils/SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase.h"
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/1.0/ISensors.h>
 #include <android/hardware/sensors/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
 
 #include <unordered_set>
 #include <vector>
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@
 using ::android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::SharedMemInfo;
 using ::android::hardware::sensors::V1_0::SharedMemType;
 
-class SensorsHidlTestBase : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
-   public:
+class SensorsHidlTestBase : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
+  public:
     virtual SensorsHidlEnvironmentBase* getEnvironment() = 0;
     virtual void SetUp() override {}
 
@@ -129,4 +129,4 @@
     std::unordered_set<int32_t> mDirectChannelHandles;
 };
 
-#endif  // ANDROID_SENSORS_HIDL_TEST_BASE_H
\ No newline at end of file
+#endif  // ANDROID_SENSORS_HIDL_TEST_BASE_H
diff --git a/soundtrigger/2.1/Android.bp b/soundtrigger/2.1/Android.bp
index 68e425b..30173cb 100644
--- a/soundtrigger/2.1/Android.bp
+++ b/soundtrigger/2.1/Android.bp
@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@
         "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.0",
         "android.hidl.base@1.0",
     ],
-    gen_java: false,
+    gen_java: true,
 }
diff --git a/soundtrigger/2.2/Android.bp b/soundtrigger/2.2/Android.bp
index 43898c7..7556aa4 100644
--- a/soundtrigger/2.2/Android.bp
+++ b/soundtrigger/2.2/Android.bp
@@ -15,5 +15,5 @@
         "android.hardware.soundtrigger@2.1",
         "android.hidl.base@1.0",
     ],
-    gen_java: false,
+    gen_java: true,
 }
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42e0a92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+aidl_interface {
+    // This is an example test interface showing how to add functionality
+    // with setExtension/getExtension
+    name: "test-android.hardware.vibrator-ext",
+    vendor_available: true,
+    srcs: [
+        // Using android.hardware as the package because this is in
+        // hardware/interfaces. For custom interfaces, normally you
+        // would use a different package.
+        "android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/Directionality.aidl",
+        "android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/ICustomVibrator.aidl",
+        "android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/VendorEffect.aidl",
+    ],
+
+    // This is agreeing to keep the interface stable.
+    stability: "vintf",
+
+    // This happens to use types from a core interface, so we import it, but
+    // this won't always be needed.
+    imports: [
+        "android.hardware.vibrator",
+    ],
+
+    backend: {
+        java: {
+            enabled: false,
+        },
+    },
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/Directionality.aidl
similarity index 60%
copy from vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
copy to tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/Directionality.aidl
index 76281bc..72bfd66 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/Directionality.aidl
@@ -13,9 +13,18 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
+package android.hardware.tests.extension.vibrator;
 
-package android.hardware.vibrator@1.4;
-
-interface IVibratorCallback {
-    oneway onComplete();
-};
+/**
+ * Can add custom enums. If these need to be extended further, new values can
+ * simply be added.
+ */
+@Backing(type="int")
+@VintfStability
+enum Directionality {
+    NONE,
+    /** vibrations should be transverse wrt primary screen */
+    TRANSVERSE,
+    /** vibrations should be longitudinal wrt primary screen */
+    LONGITUDINAL,
+}
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/ICustomVibrator.aidl b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/ICustomVibrator.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0b21f46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/ICustomVibrator.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package android.hardware.tests.extension.vibrator;
+
+// it's fine to use types from other interfaces
+import android.hardware.vibrator.IVibratorCallback;
+import android.hardware.tests.extension.vibrator.Directionality;
+import android.hardware.tests.extension.vibrator.VendorEffect;
+
+/**
+ * This is an example of an AIDL interface extension. Notice that it does not
+ * inherit from any other extension. Instead, it will be tagged onto that
+ * extension at runtime.
+ */
+@VintfStability
+interface ICustomVibrator {
+    /**
+     * Avoid conflicting with vendor properties. Giving this as an example
+     * because the core vibrator interface uses capabilities. In reality,
+     * since this is only one capability, it's probably not needed to construct
+     * a bitfield.
+     *
+     * This is for longitudinal/transverse waves, see setDirectionality.
+     */
+    const int CAP_VENDOR_DIRECTIONALITY = 1 << 0;
+
+    /**
+     * Any new methods can be added, this returns CAP_VENDOR_*.
+     */
+    int getVendorCapabilities();
+
+    /**
+     * Arbitrary new functionality can be added.
+     */
+    void setDirectionality(Directionality directionality);
+
+    /**
+     * Perform a custom vendor effect. Note, this is a separate effect enum to
+     * avoid conflicting with core types.
+     */
+    int perform(VendorEffect effect, IVibratorCallback callback);
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/VendorEffect.aidl
similarity index 74%
copy from vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
copy to tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/VendorEffect.aidl
index 76281bc..968532c 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/VendorEffect.aidl
@@ -13,9 +13,14 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
+package android.hardware.tests.extension.vibrator;
 
-package android.hardware.vibrator@1.4;
-
-interface IVibratorCallback {
-    oneway onComplete();
-};
+/**
+ * Extending enum separately to avoid conflicts w/ upstream.
+ */
+@Backing(type="int")
+@VintfStability
+enum VendorEffect {
+    CRACKLE,
+    WIGGLE,
+}
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/Android.bp b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c707dbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// This example client is written as a test, but it is executing from a system
+// context. All this code would look the same if it was running in system
+// server for example.
+
+cc_test {
+    name: "test-android.hardware.vibrator-ext-client",
+    srcs: [
+        // system code has the option to use the unstable C++ libbinder API
+        // or the NDK one. For maximum code portability, using the ndk client
+        // makes the most sense, but both are provided here as an example.
+        "test-cpp-client.cpp",
+        "test-ndk-client.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbinder",
+        "libutils",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-cpp",
+        "test-android.hardware.vibrator-ext-cpp",
+
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-ndk_platform",
+        "test-android.hardware.vibrator-ext-ndk_platform",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/test-cpp-client.cpp b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/test-cpp-client.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..015a345
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/test-cpp-client.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/ICustomVibrator.h>
+#include <android/hardware/vibrator/IVibrator.h>
+#include <binder/IInterface.h>
+#include <binder/IServiceManager.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+using android::checked_interface_cast;
+using android::IBinder;
+using android::IInterface;
+using android::OK;
+using android::sp;
+using android::waitForVintfService;
+using android::hardware::tests::extension::vibrator::Directionality;
+using android::hardware::tests::extension::vibrator::ICustomVibrator;
+using android::hardware::vibrator::IVibrator;
+
+TEST(Cpp, CallRootMethod) {
+    sp<IVibrator> vib = waitForVintfService<IVibrator>();
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, vib.get());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(vib->off().isOk());
+}
+
+TEST(Cpp, CallExtMethod) {
+    // normally you would want to cache this
+    sp<IVibrator> vib = waitForVintfService<IVibrator>();
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, vib.get());
+
+    // getting the extension
+    sp<IBinder> ext;
+    ASSERT_EQ(OK, IInterface::asBinder(vib)->getExtension(&ext));
+    sp<ICustomVibrator> cvib = checked_interface_cast<ICustomVibrator>(ext);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cvib.get());
+
+    // calling extension method
+    ASSERT_TRUE(cvib->setDirectionality(Directionality::TRANSVERSE).isOk());
+}
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/test-ndk-client.cpp b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/test-ndk-client.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c846495
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/client/test-ndk-client.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/ICustomVibrator.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/IVibrator.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::tests::extension::vibrator::Directionality;
+using aidl::android::hardware::tests::extension::vibrator::ICustomVibrator;
+using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::IVibrator;
+using ndk::SpAIBinder;
+
+static const std::string kInstance = std::string() + IVibrator::descriptor + "/default";
+
+TEST(Ndk, CallRootMethod) {
+    SpAIBinder vibBinder = SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_getService(kInstance.c_str()));
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, vibBinder.get());
+    std::shared_ptr<IVibrator> vib = IVibrator::fromBinder(vibBinder);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, vib.get());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(vib->off().isOk());
+}
+
+TEST(Ndk, CallExtMethod) {
+    // normally you would want to cache this
+    //
+    SpAIBinder vibBinder = SpAIBinder(AServiceManager_getService(kInstance.c_str()));
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, vibBinder.get());
+    std::shared_ptr<IVibrator> vib = IVibrator::fromBinder(vibBinder);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, vib.get());
+
+    // getting the extension
+    SpAIBinder cvibBinder;
+    ASSERT_EQ(STATUS_OK, AIBinder_getExtension(vibBinder.get(), cvibBinder.getR()));
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cvibBinder.get());
+    std::shared_ptr<ICustomVibrator> cvib = ICustomVibrator::fromBinder(cvibBinder);
+    ASSERT_NE(nullptr, cvib.get());
+
+    // calling extension method
+    ASSERT_TRUE(cvib->setDirectionality(Directionality::TRANSVERSE).isOk());
+}
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7c8fe1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+cc_binary {
+    name: "android.hardware.tests.extension.vibrator-service.example",
+    relative_install_path: "hw",
+    // normally you implement a service directly, but we are using an implementation
+    // from a library to attach our extension to.
+    static_libs: [
+        "libvibratorexampleimpl",
+    ],
+
+    // need to add this in the manifest and to init as well to use, see
+    // android.hardware.vibrator-service.example. This binary is being tested
+    // by running it manually as root.
+
+    vendor: true,
+    srcs: [
+        "service.cpp",
+        "CustomVibrator.cpp",
+    ],
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-ndk_platform",
+        "test-android.hardware.vibrator-ext-ndk_platform",
+    ],
+}
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/CustomVibrator.cpp b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/CustomVibrator.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2f3dfcb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/CustomVibrator.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "CustomVibrator.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <thread>
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::tests::extension::vibrator {
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus CustomVibrator::getVendorCapabilities(int32_t* _aidl_return) {
+    *_aidl_return = ICustomVibrator::CAP_VENDOR_DIRECTIONALITY;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus CustomVibrator::setDirectionality(Directionality directionality) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Custom vibrator set directionality";
+    // do something cool in hardware
+    (void)directionality;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus CustomVibrator::perform(VendorEffect effect,
+                                           const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& callback,
+                                           int32_t* _aidl_return) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Custom vibrator perform";
+
+    if (effect != VendorEffect::CRACKLE && effect != VendorEffect::WIGGLE) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION));
+    }
+
+    constexpr size_t kEffectMillis = 100;
+
+    if (callback != nullptr) {
+        std::thread([=] {
+            LOG(INFO) << "Starting vendor perform on another thread";
+            usleep(kEffectMillis * 1000);
+            LOG(INFO) << "Notifying vendor perform complete";
+            callback->onComplete();
+        }).detach();
+    }
+
+    *_aidl_return = kEffectMillis;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::tests::extension::vibrator
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/CustomVibrator.h b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/CustomVibrator.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6dc5743
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/CustomVibrator.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/tests/extension/vibrator/BnCustomVibrator.h>
+#include <aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/IVibratorCallback.h>
+
+namespace aidl::android::hardware::tests::extension::vibrator {
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::IVibratorCallback;
+
+class CustomVibrator : public BnCustomVibrator {
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getVendorCapabilities(int32_t* _aidl_return) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setDirectionality(Directionality directionality) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus perform(VendorEffect effect,
+                               const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& callback,
+                               int32_t* _aidl_return) override;
+};
+
+}  // namespace aidl::android::hardware::tests::extension::vibrator
diff --git a/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/service.cpp b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/service.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..16290df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/extension/vibrator/aidl/default/service.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include <vibrator-impl/Vibrator.h>
+#include "CustomVibrator.h"
+
+#include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <android/binder_manager.h>
+#include <android/binder_process.h>
+
+using aidl::android::hardware::tests::extension::vibrator::CustomVibrator;
+using aidl::android::hardware::vibrator::Vibrator;
+
+int main() {
+    // these are threads in addition to the one we are joining below, so this
+    // service will have a single thread
+    ABinderProcess_setThreadPoolMaxThreadCount(0);
+
+    // making the core service
+    std::shared_ptr<Vibrator> vib = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<Vibrator>();
+    ndk::SpAIBinder vibBinder = vib->asBinder();
+
+    // making the extension service
+    std::shared_ptr<CustomVibrator> cvib = ndk::SharedRefBase::make<CustomVibrator>();
+
+    // need to attach the extension to the same binder we will be registering
+    CHECK(STATUS_OK == AIBinder_setExtension(vibBinder.get(), cvib->asBinder().get()));
+
+    const std::string instance = std::string() + Vibrator::descriptor + "/default";
+    CHECK(STATUS_OK == AServiceManager_addService(vibBinder.get(), instance.c_str()));
+
+    ABinderProcess_joinThreadPool();
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;  // should not reach
+}
diff --git a/tests/memory/1.0/Android.bp b/tests/memory/1.0/Android.bp
index 29f6be7..6612e31 100644
--- a/tests/memory/1.0/Android.bp
+++ b/tests/memory/1.0/Android.bp
@@ -11,5 +11,5 @@
         "android.hidl.memory.block@1.0",
         "android.hidl.memory.token@1.0",
     ],
-    gen_java: false,
+    gen_java: true,
 }
diff --git a/tests/memory/2.0/.hidl_for_test b/tests/memory/2.0/.hidl_for_test
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/memory/2.0/.hidl_for_test
diff --git a/tests/memory/2.0/Android.bp b/tests/memory/2.0/Android.bp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d24bd21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/memory/2.0/Android.bp
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
+
+hidl_interface {
+    name: "android.hardware.tests.memory@2.0",
+    root: "android.hardware",
+    srcs: [
+        "types.hal",
+        "IMemoryInterface.hal",
+    ],
+    interfaces: [
+        "android.hidl.base@1.0",
+    ],
+    gen_java: true,
+}
diff --git a/tests/memory/2.0/IMemoryInterface.hal b/tests/memory/2.0/IMemoryInterface.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c824bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/memory/2.0/IMemoryInterface.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package android.hardware.tests.memory@2.0;
+
+interface IMemoryInterface {
+    // Flips all the bits in the given memory buffer.
+    bitwiseNot(memory mem);
+    // Returns a read-only buffer of size 8, containing the bytes 0..7.
+    getTestMem() generates(memory mem);
+    // Given two memory regions of the same size, returns two memory fields of
+    // equal size, the first contains the byte-wise sum and the other the byte-
+    // wise difference.
+    getSumDiff(TwoMemory in) generates(TwoMemory out);
+};
diff --git a/tests/memory/2.0/types.hal b/tests/memory/2.0/types.hal
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9ec357b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/memory/2.0/types.hal
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+package android.hardware.tests.memory@2.0;
+
+struct TwoMemory {
+    memory mem1;
+    memory mem2;
+};
diff --git a/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index e8e1414..4af59b6 100644
--- a/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -20,5 +20,5 @@
         "android.hardware.tetheroffload.config@1.0",
         "android.hardware.tetheroffload.control@1.0",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTetheroffloadControlV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTetheroffloadControlV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 03b6406..b422b2f 100644
--- a/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTetheroffloadControlV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/tetheroffload/control/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTetheroffloadControlV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -17,15 +17,17 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "VtsOffloadControlV1_0TargetTest"
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
 #include <android/hardware/tetheroffload/config/1.0/IOffloadConfig.h>
 #include <android/hardware/tetheroffload/control/1.0/IOffloadControl.h>
 #include <android/hardware/tetheroffload/control/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <linux/netfilter/nfnetlink.h>
 #include <linux/netlink.h>
+#include <log/log.h>
 #include <net/if.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
@@ -110,24 +112,8 @@
     NatTimeoutUpdate last_params;
 };
 
-// Test environment for OffloadControl HIDL HAL.
-class OffloadControlHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static OffloadControlHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static OffloadControlHidlEnvironment* instance = new OffloadControlHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<IOffloadConfig>();
-        registerTestService<IOffloadControl>();
-    }
-   private:
-    OffloadControlHidlEnvironment() {}
-};
-
-class OffloadControlHidlTestBase : public testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class OffloadControlHidlTestBase
+    : public testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
    public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
         setupConfigHal();
@@ -144,8 +130,7 @@
     // The IOffloadConfig HAL is tested more thoroughly elsewhere. He we just
     // setup everything correctly and verify basic readiness.
     void setupConfigHal() {
-        config = testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IOffloadConfig>(
-            OffloadControlHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IOffloadConfig>());
+        config = IOffloadConfig::getService(std::get<0>(GetParam()));
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, config.get()) << "Could not get HIDL instance";
 
         unique_fd fd1(conntrackSocket(NF_NETLINK_CONNTRACK_NEW | NF_NETLINK_CONNTRACK_DESTROY));
@@ -173,8 +158,7 @@
     }
 
     void prepareControlHal() {
-        control = testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IOffloadControl>(
-            OffloadControlHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IOffloadControl>());
+        control = IOffloadControl::getService(std::get<1>(GetParam()));
         ASSERT_NE(nullptr, control.get()) << "Could not get HIDL instance";
 
         control_cb = new TetheringOffloadCallback();
@@ -240,7 +224,7 @@
 };
 
 // Call initOffload() multiple times. Check that non-first initOffload() calls return false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AdditionalInitsWithoutStopReturnFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AdditionalInitsWithoutStopReturnFalse) {
     initOffload(true);
     initOffload(false);
     initOffload(false);
@@ -248,7 +232,7 @@
 }
 
 // Check that calling stopOffload() without first having called initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, MultipleStopsWithoutInitReturnFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, MultipleStopsWithoutInitReturnFalse) {
     stopOffload(ExpectBoolean::False);
     stopOffload(ExpectBoolean::False);
     stopOffload(ExpectBoolean::False);
@@ -267,7 +251,7 @@
 }
 
 // Check that calling stopOffload() after a complete init/stop cycle returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AdditionalStopsWithInitReturnFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AdditionalStopsWithInitReturnFalse) {
     initOffload(true);
     // Call setUpstreamParameters() so that "offload" can be reasonably said
     // to be both requested and operational.
@@ -289,7 +273,7 @@
 }
 
 // Check that calling setLocalPrefixes() without first having called initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, SetLocalPrefixesWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, SetLocalPrefixesWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const vector<hidl_string> prefixes{hidl_string("2001:db8::/64")};
     const Return<void> ret = control->setLocalPrefixes(prefixes, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -297,14 +281,14 @@
 
 // Check that calling getForwardedStats() without first having called initOffload()
 // returns zero bytes statistics.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, GetForwardedStatsWithoutInitReturnsZeroValues) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, GetForwardedStatsWithoutInitReturnsZeroValues) {
     const hidl_string upstream(TEST_IFACE);
     const Return<void> ret = control->getForwardedStats(upstream, ASSERT_ZERO_BYTES_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
 // Check that calling setDataLimit() without first having called initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, SetDataLimitWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, SetDataLimitWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const hidl_string upstream(TEST_IFACE);
     const uint64_t limit = 5000ULL;
     const Return<void> ret = control->setDataLimit(upstream, limit, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -313,7 +297,7 @@
 
 // Check that calling setUpstreamParameters() without first having called initOffload()
 // returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, SetUpstreamParametersWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, SetUpstreamParametersWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr("192.0.2.0/24");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("192.0.2.1");
@@ -325,7 +309,7 @@
 
 // Check that calling addDownstream() with an IPv4 prefix without first having called
 // initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AddIPv4DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AddIPv4DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string prefix("192.0.2.0/24");
     const Return<void> ret = control->addDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -334,7 +318,7 @@
 
 // Check that calling addDownstream() with an IPv6 prefix without first having called
 // initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AddIPv6DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, AddIPv6DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string prefix("2001:db8::/64");
     const Return<void> ret = control->addDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -343,7 +327,7 @@
 
 // Check that calling removeDownstream() with an IPv4 prefix without first having called
 // initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, RemoveIPv4DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, RemoveIPv4DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string prefix("192.0.2.0/24");
     const Return<void> ret = control->removeDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -352,7 +336,7 @@
 
 // Check that calling removeDownstream() with an IPv6 prefix without first having called
 // initOffload() returns false.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, RemoveIPv6DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTestBase, RemoveIPv6DownstreamWithoutInitReturnsFalse) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string prefix("2001:db8::/64");
     const Return<void> ret = control->removeDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -379,21 +363,21 @@
  */
 
 // Test setLocalPrefixes() accepts an IPv4 address.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesIPv4AddressOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesIPv4AddressOk) {
     const vector<hidl_string> prefixes{hidl_string("192.0.2.1")};
     const Return<void> ret = control->setLocalPrefixes(prefixes, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
 // Test setLocalPrefixes() accepts an IPv6 address.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesIPv6AddressOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesIPv6AddressOk) {
     const vector<hidl_string> prefixes{hidl_string("fe80::1")};
     const Return<void> ret = control->setLocalPrefixes(prefixes, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
 // Test setLocalPrefixes() accepts both IPv4 and IPv6 prefixes.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesIPv4v6PrefixesOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesIPv4v6PrefixesOk) {
     const vector<hidl_string> prefixes{hidl_string("192.0.2.0/24"), hidl_string("fe80::/64")};
     const Return<void> ret = control->setLocalPrefixes(prefixes, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -402,14 +386,14 @@
 // Test that setLocalPrefixes() fails given empty input. There is always
 // a non-empty set of local prefixes; when all networking interfaces are down
 // we still apply {127.0.0.0/8, ::1/128, fe80::/64} here.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesEmptyFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesEmptyFails) {
     const vector<hidl_string> prefixes{};
     const Return<void> ret = control->setLocalPrefixes(prefixes, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
 }
 
 // Test setLocalPrefixes() fails on incorrectly formed input strings.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesInvalidFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetLocalPrefixesInvalidFails) {
     const vector<hidl_string> prefixes{hidl_string("192.0.2.0/24"), hidl_string("invalid")};
     const Return<void> ret = control->setLocalPrefixes(prefixes, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -420,7 +404,7 @@
  */
 
 // Test that getForwardedStats() for a non-existent upstream yields zero bytes statistics.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, GetForwardedStatsInvalidUpstreamIface) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, GetForwardedStatsInvalidUpstreamIface) {
     const hidl_string upstream("invalid");
     const Return<void> ret = control->getForwardedStats(upstream, ASSERT_ZERO_BYTES_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -428,7 +412,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, GetForwardedStatsDummyIface) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, GetForwardedStatsDummyIface) {
     const hidl_string upstream(TEST_IFACE);
     const Return<void> ret = control->getForwardedStats(upstream, ASSERT_ZERO_BYTES_CALLBACK);
     EXPECT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
@@ -439,7 +423,7 @@
  */
 
 // Test that setDataLimit() for an empty interface name fails.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetDataLimitEmptyUpstreamIfaceFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetDataLimitEmptyUpstreamIfaceFails) {
     const hidl_string upstream("");
     const uint64_t limit = 5000ULL;
     const Return<void> ret = control->setDataLimit(upstream, limit, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -448,7 +432,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetDataLimitNonZeroOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetDataLimitNonZeroOk) {
     const hidl_string upstream(TEST_IFACE);
     const uint64_t limit = 5000ULL;
     const Return<void> ret = control->setDataLimit(upstream, limit, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
@@ -457,7 +441,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetDataLimitZeroOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetDataLimitZeroOk) {
     const hidl_string upstream(TEST_IFACE);
     const uint64_t limit = 0ULL;
     const Return<void> ret = control->setDataLimit(upstream, limit, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
@@ -470,7 +454,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersIPv6OnlyOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersIPv6OnlyOk) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr("");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("");
@@ -482,7 +466,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersAlternateIPv6OnlyOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersAlternateIPv6OnlyOk) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr;
     const hidl_string v4Gw;
@@ -494,7 +478,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersIPv4OnlyOk) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersIPv4OnlyOk) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr("192.0.2.2");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("192.0.2.1");
@@ -506,7 +490,7 @@
 
 // TEST_IFACE is presumed to exist on the device and be up. No packets
 // are ever actually caused to be forwarded.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersIPv4v6Ok) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersIPv4v6Ok) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr("192.0.2.2");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("192.0.2.1");
@@ -517,7 +501,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that setUpstreamParameters() fails when all parameters are empty.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersEmptyFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersEmptyFails) {
     const hidl_string iface("");
     const hidl_string v4Addr("");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("");
@@ -528,7 +512,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that setUpstreamParameters() fails when given empty or non-existent interface names.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersBogusIfaceFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersBogusIfaceFails) {
     const hidl_string v4Addr("192.0.2.2");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("192.0.2.1");
     const vector<hidl_string> v6Gws{hidl_string("fe80::db8:1")};
@@ -542,7 +526,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that setUpstreamParameters() fails when given unparseable IPv4 addresses.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersInvalidIPv4AddrFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersInvalidIPv4AddrFails) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Gw("192.0.2.1");
     const vector<hidl_string> v6Gws{hidl_string("fe80::db8:1")};
@@ -556,7 +540,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that setUpstreamParameters() fails when given unparseable IPv4 gateways.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersInvalidIPv4GatewayFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersInvalidIPv4GatewayFails) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr("192.0.2.2");
     const vector<hidl_string> v6Gws{hidl_string("fe80::db8:1")};
@@ -570,7 +554,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test that setUpstreamParameters() fails when given unparseable IPv6 gateways.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersBadIPv6GatewaysFail) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, SetUpstreamParametersBadIPv6GatewaysFail) {
     const hidl_string iface(TEST_IFACE);
     const hidl_string v4Addr("192.0.2.2");
     const hidl_string v4Gw("192.0.2.1");
@@ -588,7 +572,7 @@
  */
 
 // Test addDownstream() works given an IPv4 prefix.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamIPv4) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamIPv4) {
     const hidl_string iface("dummy0");
     const hidl_string prefix("192.0.2.0/24");
     const Return<void> ret = control->addDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
@@ -596,7 +580,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test addDownstream() works given an IPv6 prefix.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamIPv6) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamIPv6) {
     const hidl_string iface("dummy0");
     const hidl_string prefix("2001:db8::/64");
     const Return<void> ret = control->addDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_TRUE_CALLBACK);
@@ -604,7 +588,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test addDownstream() fails given all empty parameters.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamEmptyFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamEmptyFails) {
     const hidl_string iface("");
     const hidl_string prefix("");
     const Return<void> ret = control->addDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -612,7 +596,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test addDownstream() fails given empty or non-existent interface names.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamInvalidIfaceFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamInvalidIfaceFails) {
     const hidl_string prefix("192.0.2.0/24");
     for (const auto& bogus : {"", "invalid"}) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(StringPrintf("iface='%s'", bogus));
@@ -623,7 +607,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test addDownstream() fails given unparseable prefix arguments.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamBogusPrefixFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, AddDownstreamBogusPrefixFails) {
     const hidl_string iface("dummy0");
     for (const auto& bogus : {"", "192.0.2/24", "2001:db8/64"}) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(StringPrintf("prefix='%s'", bogus));
@@ -638,7 +622,7 @@
  */
 
 // Test removeDownstream() works given an IPv4 prefix.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamIPv4) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamIPv4) {
     const hidl_string iface("dummy0");
     const hidl_string prefix("192.0.2.0/24");
     // First add the downstream, otherwise removeDownstream logic can reasonably
@@ -650,7 +634,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test removeDownstream() works given an IPv6 prefix.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamIPv6) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamIPv6) {
     const hidl_string iface("dummy0");
     const hidl_string prefix("2001:db8::/64");
     // First add the downstream, otherwise removeDownstream logic can reasonably
@@ -662,7 +646,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test removeDownstream() fails given all empty parameters.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamEmptyFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamEmptyFails) {
     const hidl_string iface("");
     const hidl_string prefix("");
     const Return<void> ret = control->removeDownstream(iface, prefix, ASSERT_FALSE_CALLBACK);
@@ -670,7 +654,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test removeDownstream() fails given empty or non-existent interface names.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamBogusIfaceFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamBogusIfaceFails) {
     const hidl_string prefix("192.0.2.0/24");
     for (const auto& bogus : {"", "invalid"}) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(StringPrintf("iface='%s'", bogus));
@@ -681,7 +665,7 @@
 }
 
 // Test removeDownstream() fails given unparseable prefix arguments.
-TEST_F(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamBogusPrefixFails) {
+TEST_P(OffloadControlHidlTest, RemoveDownstreamBogusPrefixFails) {
     const hidl_string iface("dummy0");
     for (const auto& bogus : {"", "192.0.2/24", "2001:db8/64"}) {
         SCOPED_TRACE(StringPrintf("prefix='%s'", bogus));
@@ -691,11 +675,21 @@
     }
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(OffloadControlHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    OffloadControlHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGE("Test result with status=%d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+    PerInstance, OffloadControlHidlTestBase,
+    testing::Combine(
+        testing::ValuesIn(
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOffloadConfig::descriptor)),
+        testing::ValuesIn(
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOffloadControl::descriptor))),
+    android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+    PerInstance, OffloadControlHidlTest,
+    testing::Combine(
+        testing::ValuesIn(
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOffloadConfig::descriptor)),
+        testing::ValuesIn(
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IOffloadControl::descriptor))),
+    android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
+
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/IDemux.hal b/tv/tuner/1.0/IDemux.hal
index 9e799b4..16fc392 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/IDemux.hal
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/IDemux.hal
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 /**
  * Demultiplexer(Demux) takes a single multiplexed input and splits it into
  * one or more output.
- *
  */
 interface IDemux {
     /**
@@ -134,4 +133,30 @@
      */
     openDvr(DvrType type, uint32_t bufferSize, IDvrCallback cb)
         generates (Result result, IDvr dvr);
+
+    /**
+     * Connect Conditional Access Modules (CAM) through Common Interface (CI)
+     *
+     * It is used by the client to connect CI-CAM. The demux uses the output
+     * from the frontend as the input by default, and must change to use the
+     * output from CI-CAM as the input after this call take place.
+     *
+     * @param ciCamId specify CI-CAM Id to connect.
+     * @return result Result status of the operation.
+     *         SUCCESS if successful,
+     *         UNKNOWN_ERROR if failed for other reasons.
+     */
+    connectCiCam(uint32_t ciCamId) generates (Result result);
+
+    /**
+     * Disconnect Conditional Access Modules (CAM)
+     *
+     * It is used by the client to disconnect CI-CAM. The demux will use the
+     * output from the frontend as the input after this call take place.
+     *
+     * @return result Result status of the operation.
+     *         SUCCESS if successful,
+     *         UNKNOWN_ERROR if failed for other reasons.
+     */
+    disconnectCiCam() generates (Result result);
 };
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/IFilter.hal b/tv/tuner/1.0/IFilter.hal
index deaf3d4..567971f 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/IFilter.hal
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/IFilter.hal
@@ -104,15 +104,31 @@
      *
      * It is used by the client to ask the hardware resource id for the filter.
      *
-     * @param filterId the hardware resource Id for the filter.
      * @return result Result status of the operation.
      *         SUCCESS if successful,
      *         INVALID_STATE if failed for wrong state.
      *         UNKNOWN_ERROR if failed for other reasons.
+     * @return filterId the hardware resource Id for the filter.
      */
     getId() generates (Result result, uint32_t filterId);
 
     /**
+     * Release the handle reported by the HAL for AV memory.
+     *
+     * It is used by the client to notify the HAL that the AV handle won't be
+     * used any more in client side, so that the HAL can mark the memory
+     * presented by file descripor in the handle as released.
+     *
+     * @param avMemory A handle associated to the memory for audio or video.
+     * @param avDataId An Id provides additional information for AV data.
+     * @return result Result status of the operation.
+     *         SUCCESS if successful,
+     *         INVALID_ARGUMENT if failed for wrong parameter.
+     *         UNKNOWN_ERROR if failed for other reasons.
+     */
+    releaseAvHandle(handle avMemory, uint64_t avDataId) generates (Result result);
+
+    /**
      * Set the filter's data source.
      *
      * A filter uses demux as data source by default. If the data was packetized
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/ITuner.hal b/tv/tuner/1.0/ITuner.hal
index 2712c13..ba183f1 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/ITuner.hal
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/ITuner.hal
@@ -123,4 +123,21 @@
      * @return lnb the newly created Lnb interface.
      */
     openLnbById(LnbId lnbId) generates (Result result, ILnb lnb);
+
+    /**
+     * Create a new instance of Lnb given a LNB name.
+     *
+     * It is used by the client to create a LNB instance for external device.
+     *
+     * @param lnbName the name for an external LNB to be opened. The app
+     *        provides the name. Frammework doesn't depend on the name, instead
+     *        use lnbId return from this call.
+     * @return result Result status of the operation.
+     *         SUCCESS if successful,
+     *         UNAVAILABLE if no resource.
+     *         UNKNOWN_ERROR if creation failed for other reasons.
+     * @return lnbId the id of the LNB to be opened.
+     * @return lnb the newly created Lnb interface.
+     */
+    openLnbByName(string lnbName) generates (Result result, LnbId lnbId, ILnb lnb);
 };
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.cpp
index c5921f7..43c4e3a 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.cpp
@@ -51,7 +51,8 @@
     mFrontendSourceFile = mFrontend->getSourceFile();
 
     mTunerService->setFrontendAsDemuxSource(frontendId, mDemuxId);
-    return startBroadcastInputLoop();
+
+    return startFrontendInputLoop();
 }
 
 Return<void> Demux::openFilter(const DemuxFilterType& type, uint32_t bufferSize,
@@ -136,29 +137,44 @@
         return Void();
     }
 
-    sp<Dvr> dvr = new Dvr(type, bufferSize, cb, this);
+    mDvr = new Dvr(type, bufferSize, cb, this);
 
-    if (!dvr->createDvrMQ()) {
-        _hidl_cb(Result::UNKNOWN_ERROR, dvr);
+    if (!mDvr->createDvrMQ()) {
+        _hidl_cb(Result::UNKNOWN_ERROR, mDvr);
         return Void();
     }
 
-    _hidl_cb(Result::SUCCESS, dvr);
+    _hidl_cb(Result::SUCCESS, mDvr);
     return Void();
 }
 
+Return<Result> Demux::connectCiCam(uint32_t ciCamId) {
+    ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
+
+    mCiCamId = ciCamId;
+
+    return Result::SUCCESS;
+}
+
+Return<Result> Demux::disconnectCiCam() {
+    ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
+
+    return Result::SUCCESS;
+}
+
 Result Demux::removeFilter(uint32_t filterId) {
     ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
 
     // resetFilterRecords(filterId);
     mUsedFilterIds.erase(filterId);
+    mRecordFilterIds.erase(filterId);
     mUnusedFilterIds.insert(filterId);
     mFilters.erase(filterId);
 
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
-void Demux::startTsFilter(vector<uint8_t> data) {
+void Demux::startBroadcastTsFilter(vector<uint8_t> data) {
     set<uint32_t>::iterator it;
     for (it = mUsedFilterIds.begin(); it != mUsedFilterIds.end(); it++) {
         uint16_t pid = ((data[1] & 0x1f) << 8) | ((data[2] & 0xff));
@@ -171,7 +187,17 @@
     }
 }
 
-bool Demux::startFilterDispatcher() {
+void Demux::sendFrontendInputToRecord(vector<uint8_t> data) {
+    set<uint32_t>::iterator it;
+    for (it = mRecordFilterIds.begin(); it != mRecordFilterIds.end(); it++) {
+        if (DEBUG_FILTER) {
+            ALOGW("update record filter output");
+        }
+        mFilters[*it]->updateRecordOutput(data);
+    }
+}
+
+bool Demux::startBroadcastFilterDispatcher() {
     set<uint32_t>::iterator it;
 
     // Handle the output data per filter type
@@ -184,6 +210,18 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+bool Demux::startRecordFilterDispatcher() {
+    set<uint32_t>::iterator it;
+
+    for (it = mRecordFilterIds.begin(); it != mRecordFilterIds.end(); it++) {
+        if (mFilters[*it]->startRecordFilterHandler() != Result::SUCCESS) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
 Result Demux::startFilterHandler(uint32_t filterId) {
     return mFilters[filterId]->startFilterHandler();
 }
@@ -196,22 +234,22 @@
     return mFilters[filterId]->getTpid();
 }
 
-Result Demux::startBroadcastInputLoop() {
-    pthread_create(&mBroadcastInputThread, NULL, __threadLoopBroadcast, this);
-    pthread_setname_np(mBroadcastInputThread, "broadcast_input_thread");
+Result Demux::startFrontendInputLoop() {
+    pthread_create(&mFrontendInputThread, NULL, __threadLoopFrontend, this);
+    pthread_setname_np(mFrontendInputThread, "frontend_input_thread");
 
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
-void* Demux::__threadLoopBroadcast(void* user) {
+void* Demux::__threadLoopFrontend(void* user) {
     Demux* const self = static_cast<Demux*>(user);
-    self->broadcastInputThreadLoop();
+    self->frontendInputThreadLoop();
     return 0;
 }
 
-void Demux::broadcastInputThreadLoop() {
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mBroadcastInputThreadLock);
-    mBroadcastInputThreadRunning = true;
+void Demux::frontendInputThreadLoop() {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mFrontendInputThreadLock);
+    mFrontendInputThreadRunning = true;
     mKeepFetchingDataFromFrontend = true;
 
     // open the stream and get its length
@@ -220,20 +258,20 @@
     int packetSize = 188;
     int writePacketAmount = 6;
     char* buffer = new char[packetSize];
-    ALOGW("[Demux] broadcast input thread loop start %s", mFrontendSourceFile.c_str());
+    ALOGW("[Demux] Frontend input thread loop start %s", mFrontendSourceFile.c_str());
     if (!inputData.is_open()) {
-        mBroadcastInputThreadRunning = false;
+        mFrontendInputThreadRunning = false;
         ALOGW("[Demux] Error %s", strerror(errno));
     }
 
-    while (mBroadcastInputThreadRunning) {
+    while (mFrontendInputThreadRunning) {
         // move the stream pointer for packet size * 6 every read until the end
         while (mKeepFetchingDataFromFrontend) {
             for (int i = 0; i < writePacketAmount; i++) {
                 inputData.read(buffer, packetSize);
                 if (!inputData) {
                     mKeepFetchingDataFromFrontend = false;
-                    mBroadcastInputThreadRunning = false;
+                    mFrontendInputThreadRunning = false;
                     break;
                 }
                 // filter and dispatch filter output
@@ -242,23 +280,61 @@
                 for (int index = 0; index < byteBuffer.size(); index++) {
                     byteBuffer[index] = static_cast<uint8_t>(buffer[index]);
                 }
-                startTsFilter(byteBuffer);
+                if (mIsRecording) {
+                    // Feed the data into the Dvr recording input
+                    sendFrontendInputToRecord(byteBuffer);
+                } else {
+                    // Feed the data into the broadcast demux filter
+                    startBroadcastTsFilter(byteBuffer);
+                }
             }
-            startFilterDispatcher();
+            if (mIsRecording) {
+                // Dispatch the data into the broadcasting filters.
+                startRecordFilterDispatcher();
+            } else {
+                // Dispatch the data into the broadcasting filters.
+                startBroadcastFilterDispatcher();
+            }
             usleep(100);
         }
     }
 
-    ALOGW("[Demux] Broadcast Input thread end.");
+    ALOGW("[Demux] Frontend Input thread end.");
     delete[] buffer;
     inputData.close();
 }
 
-void Demux::stopBroadcastInput() {
+void Demux::stopFrontendInput() {
     ALOGD("[Demux] stop frontend on demux");
     mKeepFetchingDataFromFrontend = false;
-    mBroadcastInputThreadRunning = false;
-    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mBroadcastInputThreadLock);
+    mFrontendInputThreadRunning = false;
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mFrontendInputThreadLock);
+}
+
+void Demux::setIsRecording(bool isRecording) {
+    mIsRecording = isRecording;
+}
+
+bool Demux::attachRecordFilter(int filterId) {
+    if (mFilters[filterId] == nullptr || mDvr == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    mRecordFilterIds.insert(filterId);
+    mFilters[filterId]->attachFilterToRecord(mDvr);
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool Demux::detachRecordFilter(int filterId) {
+    if (mFilters[filterId] == nullptr || mDvr == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    mRecordFilterIds.erase(filterId);
+    mFilters[filterId]->detachFilterFromRecord();
+
+    return true;
 }
 
 }  // namespace implementation
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.h b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.h
index a9756cc..1405d0c 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Demux.h
@@ -76,12 +76,19 @@
     virtual Return<void> openDvr(DvrType type, uint32_t bufferSize, const sp<IDvrCallback>& cb,
                                  openDvr_cb _hidl_cb) override;
 
+    virtual Return<Result> connectCiCam(uint32_t ciCamId) override;
+
+    virtual Return<Result> disconnectCiCam() override;
+
     // Functions interacts with Tuner Service
-    void stopBroadcastInput();
+    void stopFrontendInput();
     Result removeFilter(uint32_t filterId);
+    bool attachRecordFilter(int filterId);
+    bool detachRecordFilter(int filterId);
     Result startFilterHandler(uint32_t filterId);
     void updateFilterOutput(uint16_t filterId, vector<uint8_t> data);
     uint16_t getFilterTpid(uint32_t filterId);
+    void setIsRecording(bool isRecording);
 
   private:
     // Tuner service
@@ -97,9 +104,9 @@
         uint32_t filterId;
     };
 
-    Result startBroadcastInputLoop();
-    static void* __threadLoopBroadcast(void* user);
-    void broadcastInputThreadLoop();
+    Result startFrontendInputLoop();
+    static void* __threadLoopFrontend(void* user);
+    void frontendInputThreadLoop();
 
     /**
      * To create a FilterMQ with the the next available Filter ID.
@@ -113,11 +120,16 @@
     /**
      * A dispatcher to read and dispatch input data to all the started filters.
      * Each filter handler handles the data filtering/output writing/filterEvent updating.
+     * Note that recording filters are not included.
      */
-    bool startFilterDispatcher();
-    void startTsFilter(vector<uint8_t> data);
+    bool startBroadcastFilterDispatcher();
+    void startBroadcastTsFilter(vector<uint8_t> data);
+
+    void sendFrontendInputToRecord(vector<uint8_t> data);
+    bool startRecordFilterDispatcher();
 
     uint32_t mDemuxId;
+    uint32_t mCiCamId;
     /**
      * Record the last used filter id. Initial value is -1.
      * Filter Id starts with 0.
@@ -136,26 +148,40 @@
      */
     set<uint32_t> mUnusedFilterIds;
     /**
+     * Record all the attached record filter Ids.
+     * Any removed filter id should be removed from this set.
+     */
+    set<uint32_t> mRecordFilterIds;
+    /**
      * A list of created FilterMQ ptrs.
      * The array number is the filter ID.
      */
     std::map<uint32_t, sp<Filter>> mFilters;
 
+    /**
+     * Local reference to the opened DVR object.
+     */
+    sp<Dvr> mDvr;
+
     // Thread handlers
-    pthread_t mBroadcastInputThread;
+    pthread_t mFrontendInputThread;
     /**
      * If a specific filter's writing loop is still running
      */
-    bool mBroadcastInputThreadRunning;
+    bool mFrontendInputThreadRunning;
     bool mKeepFetchingDataFromFrontend;
     /**
+     * If the dvr recording is running.
+     */
+    bool mIsRecording = false;
+    /**
      * Lock to protect writes to the FMQs
      */
     std::mutex mWriteLock;
     /**
      * Lock to protect writes to the input status
      */
-    std::mutex mBroadcastInputThreadLock;
+    std::mutex mFrontendInputThreadLock;
 
     // temp handle single PES filter
     // TODO handle mulptiple Pes filters
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.cpp
index eb38f90..3088a9d 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.cpp
@@ -70,7 +70,14 @@
         return status;
     }
 
+    // check if the attached filter is a record filter
+
     mFilters[filterId] = filter;
+    mIsRecordFilterAttached = true;
+    if (!mDemux->attachRecordFilter(filterId)) {
+        return Result::INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+    }
+    mDemux->setIsRecording(mIsRecordStarted | mIsRecordFilterAttached);
 
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
@@ -95,6 +102,15 @@
     it = mFilters.find(filterId);
     if (it != mFilters.end()) {
         mFilters.erase(filterId);
+        if (!mDemux->detachRecordFilter(filterId)) {
+            return Result::INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // If all the filters are detached, record can't be started
+    if (mFilters.empty()) {
+        mIsRecordFilterAttached = false;
+        mDemux->setIsRecording(mIsRecordStarted | mIsRecordFilterAttached);
     }
 
     return Result::SUCCESS;
@@ -115,8 +131,9 @@
         pthread_create(&mDvrThread, NULL, __threadLoopPlayback, this);
         pthread_setname_np(mDvrThread, "playback_waiting_loop");
     } else if (mType == DvrType::RECORD) {
-        /*pthread_create(&mInputThread, NULL, __threadLoopInput, this);
-        pthread_setname_np(mInputThread, "playback_waiting_loop");*/
+        mRecordStatus = RecordStatus::DATA_READY;
+        mIsRecordStarted = true;
+        mDemux->setIsRecording(mIsRecordStarted | mIsRecordFilterAttached);
     }
 
     // TODO start another thread to send filter status callback to the framework
@@ -131,12 +148,17 @@
 
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mDvrThreadLock);
 
+    mIsRecordStarted = false;
+    mDemux->setIsRecording(mIsRecordStarted | mIsRecordFilterAttached);
+
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
 Return<Result> Dvr::flush() {
     ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
 
+    mRecordStatus = RecordStatus::DATA_READY;
+
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
@@ -272,6 +294,45 @@
     return true;
 }
 
+bool Dvr::writeRecordFMQ(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mWriteLock);
+    ALOGW("[Dvr] write record FMQ");
+    if (mDvrMQ->write(data.data(), data.size())) {
+        mDvrEventFlag->wake(static_cast<uint32_t>(DemuxQueueNotifyBits::DATA_READY));
+        maySendRecordStatusCallback();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    maySendRecordStatusCallback();
+    return false;
+}
+
+void Dvr::maySendRecordStatusCallback() {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mRecordStatusLock);
+    int availableToRead = mDvrMQ->availableToRead();
+    int availableToWrite = mDvrMQ->availableToWrite();
+
+    RecordStatus newStatus = checkRecordStatusChange(availableToWrite, availableToRead,
+                                                     mDvrSettings.record().highThreshold,
+                                                     mDvrSettings.record().lowThreshold);
+    if (mRecordStatus != newStatus) {
+        mCallback->onRecordStatus(newStatus);
+        mRecordStatus = newStatus;
+    }
+}
+
+RecordStatus Dvr::checkRecordStatusChange(uint32_t availableToWrite, uint32_t availableToRead,
+                                          uint32_t highThreshold, uint32_t lowThreshold) {
+    if (availableToWrite == 0) {
+        return DemuxFilterStatus::OVERFLOW;
+    } else if (availableToRead > highThreshold) {
+        return DemuxFilterStatus::HIGH_WATER;
+    } else if (availableToRead < lowThreshold) {
+        return DemuxFilterStatus::LOW_WATER;
+    }
+    return mRecordStatus;
+}
+
 }  // namespace implementation
 }  // namespace V1_0
 }  // namespace tuner
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.h b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.h
index fbb778c..f39d8db 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Dvr.h
@@ -79,6 +79,8 @@
      * Return false is any of the above processes fails.
      */
     bool createDvrMQ();
+    void sendBroadcastInputToDvrRecord(vector<uint8_t> byteBuffer);
+    bool writeRecordFMQ(const std::vector<uint8_t>& data);
 
   private:
     // Demux service
@@ -95,6 +97,8 @@
     void maySendRecordStatusCallback();
     PlaybackStatus checkPlaybackStatusChange(uint32_t availableToWrite, uint32_t availableToRead,
                                              uint32_t highThreshold, uint32_t lowThreshold);
+    RecordStatus checkRecordStatusChange(uint32_t availableToWrite, uint32_t availableToRead,
+                                         uint32_t highThreshold, uint32_t lowThreshold);
     /**
      * A dispatcher to read and dispatch input data to all the started filters.
      * Each filter handler handles the data filtering/output writing/filterEvent updating.
@@ -103,9 +107,9 @@
     void startTpidFilter(vector<uint8_t> data);
     bool startFilterDispatcher();
     static void* __threadLoopPlayback(void* user);
-    static void* __threadLoopBroadcast(void* user);
+    static void* __threadLoopRecord(void* user);
     void playbackThreadLoop();
-    void broadcastInputThreadLoop();
+    void recordThreadLoop();
 
     unique_ptr<DvrMQ> mDvrMQ;
     EventFlag* mDvrEventFlag;
@@ -121,6 +125,7 @@
 
     // FMQ status local records
     PlaybackStatus mPlaybackStatus;
+    RecordStatus mRecordStatus;
     /**
      * If a specific filter's writing loop is still running
      */
@@ -135,10 +140,16 @@
      * Lock to protect writes to the input status
      */
     std::mutex mPlaybackStatusLock;
+    std::mutex mRecordStatusLock;
     std::mutex mBroadcastInputThreadLock;
     std::mutex mDvrThreadLock;
 
     const bool DEBUG_DVR = false;
+
+    // Booleans to check if recording is running.
+    // Recording is ready when both of the following are set to true.
+    bool mIsRecordStarted = false;
+    bool mIsRecordFilterAttached = false;
 };
 
 }  // namespace implementation
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.cpp
index 3d8a977..54d0952 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.cpp
@@ -120,6 +120,12 @@
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
+Return<Result> Filter::releaseAvHandle(const hidl_handle& /*avMemory*/, uint64_t /*avDataId*/) {
+    ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
+
+    return Result::SUCCESS;
+}
+
 Return<Result> Filter::close() {
     ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
 
@@ -259,10 +265,16 @@
 
 void Filter::updateFilterOutput(vector<uint8_t> data) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mFilterOutputLock);
-    ALOGD("[Filter] handler output updated");
+    ALOGD("[Filter] filter output updated");
     mFilterOutput.insert(mFilterOutput.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
 }
 
+void Filter::updateRecordOutput(vector<uint8_t> data) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mRecordFilterOutputLock);
+    ALOGD("[Filter] record filter output updated");
+    mRecordFilterOutput.insert(mRecordFilterOutput.end(), data.begin(), data.end());
+}
+
 Result Filter::startFilterHandler() {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mFilterOutputLock);
     switch (mType.mainType) {
@@ -286,8 +298,10 @@
                 case DemuxTsFilterType::PCR:
                     startPcrFilterHandler();
                     break;
-                case DemuxTsFilterType::RECORD:
-                    startRecordFilterHandler();
+                case DemuxTsFilterType::TEMI:
+                    startTemiFilterHandler();
+                    break;
+                default:
                     break;
             }
             break;
@@ -333,12 +347,16 @@
         if (mPesSizeLeft == 0) {
             uint32_t prefix = (mFilterOutput[i + 4] << 16) | (mFilterOutput[i + 5] << 8) |
                               mFilterOutput[i + 6];
-            ALOGD("[Filter] prefix %d", prefix);
+            if (DEBUG_FILTER) {
+                ALOGD("[Filter] prefix %d", prefix);
+            }
             if (prefix == 0x000001) {
                 // TODO handle mulptiple Pes filters
                 mPesSizeLeft = (mFilterOutput[i + 8] << 8) | mFilterOutput[i + 9];
                 mPesSizeLeft += 6;
-                ALOGD("[Filter] pes data length %d", mPesSizeLeft);
+                if (DEBUG_FILTER) {
+                    ALOGD("[Filter] pes data length %d", mPesSizeLeft);
+                }
             } else {
                 continue;
             }
@@ -351,7 +369,9 @@
         mPesOutput.insert(mPesOutput.end(), first, last);
         // size does not match then continue
         mPesSizeLeft -= endPoint;
-        ALOGD("[Filter] pes data left %d", mPesSizeLeft);
+        if (DEBUG_FILTER) {
+            ALOGD("[Filter] pes data left %d", mPesSizeLeft);
+        }
         if (mPesSizeLeft > 0) {
             continue;
         }
@@ -368,7 +388,9 @@
                 .streamId = mPesOutput[3],
                 .dataLength = static_cast<uint16_t>(mPesOutput.size()),
         };
-        ALOGD("[Filter] assembled pes data length %d", pesEvent.dataLength);
+        if (DEBUG_FILTER) {
+            ALOGD("[Filter] assembled pes data length %d", pesEvent.dataLength);
+        }
 
         int size = mFilterEvent.events.size();
         mFilterEvent.events.resize(size + 1);
@@ -404,13 +426,23 @@
 }
 
 Result Filter::startRecordFilterHandler() {
-    DemuxFilterTsRecordEvent tsRecordEvent;
+    /*DemuxFilterTsRecordEvent tsRecordEvent;
     tsRecordEvent.pid.tPid(0);
     tsRecordEvent.indexMask.tsIndexMask(0x01);
     mFilterEvent.events.resize(1);
     mFilterEvent.events[0].tsRecord(tsRecordEvent);
+*/
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mRecordFilterOutputLock);
+    if (mRecordFilterOutput.empty()) {
+        return Result::SUCCESS;
+    }
 
-    mFilterOutput.clear();
+    if (mDvr == nullptr || !mDvr->writeRecordFMQ(mRecordFilterOutput)) {
+        ALOGD("[Filter] dvr fails to write into record FMQ.");
+        return Result::UNKNOWN_ERROR;
+    }
+
+    mRecordFilterOutput.clear();
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
@@ -419,6 +451,11 @@
     return Result::SUCCESS;
 }
 
+Result Filter::startTemiFilterHandler() {
+    // TODO handle starting TEMI filter
+    return Result::SUCCESS;
+}
+
 bool Filter::writeSectionsAndCreateEvent(vector<uint8_t> data) {
     // TODO check how many sections has been read
     ALOGD("[Filter] section hander");
@@ -448,9 +485,17 @@
     return false;
 }
 
+void Filter::attachFilterToRecord(const sp<Dvr> dvr) {
+    mDvr = dvr;
+}
+
+void Filter::detachFilterFromRecord() {
+    mDvr = nullptr;
+}
+
 }  // namespace implementation
 }  // namespace V1_0
 }  // namespace tuner
 }  // namespace tv
 }  // namespace hardware
-}  // namespace android
\ No newline at end of file
+}  // namespace android
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.h b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.h
index 21d4297..0dc992a 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Filter.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 #include <math.h>
 #include <set>
 #include "Demux.h"
+#include "Dvr.h"
 #include "Frontend.h"
 
 using namespace std;
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@
 using FilterMQ = MessageQueue<uint8_t, kSynchronizedReadWrite>;
 
 class Demux;
+class Dvr;
 
 class Filter : public IFilter {
   public:
@@ -68,6 +70,8 @@
 
     virtual Return<Result> flush() override;
 
+    virtual Return<Result> releaseAvHandle(const hidl_handle& avMemory, uint64_t avDataId) override;
+
     virtual Return<Result> close() override;
 
     /**
@@ -78,11 +82,17 @@
     bool createFilterMQ();
     uint16_t getTpid();
     void updateFilterOutput(vector<uint8_t> data);
+    void updateRecordOutput(vector<uint8_t> data);
     Result startFilterHandler();
+    Result startRecordFilterHandler();
+    void attachFilterToRecord(const sp<Dvr> dvr);
+    void detachFilterFromRecord();
 
   private:
     // Tuner service
     sp<Demux> mDemux;
+    // Dvr reference once the filter is attached to any
+    sp<Dvr> mDvr = nullptr;
     /**
      * Filter callbacks used on filter events or FMQ status
      */
@@ -97,6 +107,7 @@
     sp<IFilter> mDataSource;
     bool mIsDataSourceDemux = true;
     vector<uint8_t> mFilterOutput;
+    vector<uint8_t> mRecordFilterOutput;
     unique_ptr<FilterMQ> mFilterMQ;
     EventFlag* mFilterEventFlag;
     DemuxFilterEvent mFilterEvent;
@@ -118,6 +129,8 @@
      */
     const uint16_t SECTION_WRITE_COUNT = 10;
 
+    bool DEBUG_FILTER = false;
+
     /**
      * Filter handlers to handle the data filtering.
      * They are also responsible to write the filtered output into the filter FMQ
@@ -127,8 +140,8 @@
     Result startPesFilterHandler();
     Result startTsFilterHandler();
     Result startMediaFilterHandler();
-    Result startRecordFilterHandler();
     Result startPcrFilterHandler();
+    Result startTemiFilterHandler();
     Result startFilterLoop();
 
     void deleteEventFlag();
@@ -162,6 +175,7 @@
     std::mutex mFilterStatusLock;
     std::mutex mFilterThreadLock;
     std::mutex mFilterOutputLock;
+    std::mutex mRecordFilterOutputLock;
 
     // temp handle single PES filter
     // TODO handle mulptiple Pes filters
@@ -176,4 +190,4 @@
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
 
-#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_TV_TUNER_V1_0_FILTER_H_
\ No newline at end of file
+#endif  // ANDROID_HARDWARE_TV_TUNER_V1_0_FILTER_H_
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.cpp
index f86b28d..c6017f0 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.cpp
@@ -139,6 +139,15 @@
     return mFrontends[frontendId];
 }
 
+Return<void> Tuner::openLnbByName(const hidl_string& /*lnbName*/, openLnbByName_cb _hidl_cb) {
+    ALOGV("%s", __FUNCTION__);
+
+    sp<ILnb> lnb = new Lnb();
+
+    _hidl_cb(Result::SUCCESS, 1234, lnb);
+    return Void();
+}
+
 void Tuner::setFrontendAsDemuxSource(uint32_t frontendId, uint32_t demuxId) {
     mFrontendToDemux[frontendId] = demuxId;
 }
@@ -148,7 +157,7 @@
     uint32_t demuxId;
     if (it != mFrontendToDemux.end()) {
         demuxId = it->second;
-        mDemuxes[demuxId]->stopBroadcastInput();
+        mDemuxes[demuxId]->stopFrontendInput();
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.h b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.h
index 96da257..7a8a919 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.h
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/Tuner.h
@@ -55,6 +55,9 @@
 
     virtual Return<void> openLnbById(LnbId lnbId, openLnbById_cb _hidl_cb) override;
 
+    virtual Return<void> openLnbByName(const hidl_string& lnbName,
+                                       openLnbByName_cb _hidl_cb) override;
+
     sp<Frontend> getFrontendById(uint32_t frontendId);
 
     void setFrontendAsDemuxSource(uint32_t frontendId, uint32_t demuxId);
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/service.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/service.cpp
index 581d269..0858d8f 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/default/service.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/default/service.cpp
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
 #define LOG_TAG "android.hardware.tv.tuner@1.0-service"
 #endif
 
-#include <binder/ProcessState.h>
 #include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
 #include <hidl/LegacySupport.h>
 
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/types.hal b/tv/tuner/1.0/types.hal
index a0cf0d9..891ecf6 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/types.hal
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/types.hal
@@ -537,6 +537,16 @@
 };
 
 /**
+ *   VCM mode in DVBS.
+ */
+@export
+enum FrontendDvbsVcmMode : uint32_t {
+    UNDEFINED,
+    AUTO,
+    MANUAL,
+};
+
+/**
  *  Signal Settings for an DVBS Frontend.
  */
 struct FrontendDvbsSettings {
@@ -561,6 +571,8 @@
     uint32_t inputStreamId;
 
     FrontendDvbsStandard standard;
+
+    FrontendDvbsVcmMode vcmMode;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -773,6 +785,7 @@
 /**
  *   Physical Layer Pipe (PLP) Mode for DVBT.
  */
+@export
 enum FrontendDvbtPlpMode : uint32_t {
     UNDEFINED,
     AUTO,
@@ -960,7 +973,7 @@
     /**
      * hardware is able to detect and set Modulation automatically
      */
-    AUTO = 1 << 5,
+    AUTO = 1 << 0,
     MOD_BPSK = 1 << 1,
     MOD_QPSK = 1 << 2,
     MOD_8PSK = 1 << 3,
@@ -1105,7 +1118,7 @@
 
     bitfield<FrontendIsdbtBandwidth> bandwidthCap;
 
-    bitfield<FrontendIsdbtModulation> constellationCap;
+    bitfield<FrontendIsdbtModulation> modulationCap;
 
     bitfield<FrontendIsdbtCoderate> coderateCap;
 
@@ -1118,9 +1131,14 @@
 @export
 enum FrontendAnalogType : uint32_t {
     UNDEFINED = 0,
-    PAL = 1 << 0,
-    SECAM = 1 << 1,
-    NTSC = 1 << 2,
+    AUTO = 1 << 0,
+    PAL = 1 << 1,
+    PAL_M = 1 << 2,
+    PAL_N = 1 << 3,
+    PAL_60 = 1 << 4,
+    NTSC = 1 << 5,
+    NTSC_443 = 1 << 6,
+    SECAM = 1 << 7,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -1129,23 +1147,24 @@
 @export
 enum FrontendAnalogSifStandard : uint32_t {
     UNDEFINED = 0,
-    BG = 1 << 0,
-    BG_A2 = 1 << 1,
-    BG_NICAM = 1 << 2,
-    I = 1 << 3,
-    DK = 1 << 4,
-    DK1 = 1 << 5,
-    DK2 = 1 << 6,
-    DK3 = 1 << 7,
-    DK_NICAM = 1 << 8,
-    L = 1 << 9,
-    M = 1 << 10,
-    M_BTSC = 1 << 11,
-    M_A2 = 1 << 12,
-    M_EIA_J = 1 << 13,
-    I_NICAM = 1 << 14,
-    L_NICAM = 1 << 15,
-    L_PRIME = 1 << 16,
+    AUTO = 1 << 0,
+    BG = 1 << 1,
+    BG_A2 = 1 << 2,
+    BG_NICAM = 1 << 3,
+    I = 1 << 4,
+    DK = 1 << 5,
+    DK1_A2 = 1 << 6,
+    DK2_A2 = 1 << 7,
+    DK3_A2 = 1 << 8,
+    DK_NICAM = 1 << 9,
+    L = 1 << 10,
+    M = 1 << 11,
+    M_BTSC = 1 << 12,
+    M_A2 = 1 << 13,
+    M_EIAJ = 1 << 14,
+    I_NICAM = 1 << 15,
+    L_NICAM = 1 << 16,
+    L_PRIME = 1 << 17,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -1197,6 +1216,7 @@
 /**
  *  Scan type for Frontend.
  */
+@export
 enum FrontendScanType : uint32_t {
     SCAN_UNDEFINED = 0,
     SCAN_AUTO = 1 << 0,
@@ -1206,6 +1226,7 @@
 /**
  *  Scan Message Type for Frontend.
  */
+@export
 enum FrontendScanMessageType : uint32_t {
     /**
      * Scan locked the signal.
@@ -1228,6 +1249,11 @@
      */
     SYMBOL_RATE,
     /**
+     * Locked HIERARCHY for DVBT2 frontend.
+     */
+    HIERARCHY,
+    ANALOG_TYPE,
+    /**
      * Locked Plp Ids for DVBT2 frontend.
      */
     PLP_IDS,
@@ -1272,14 +1298,18 @@
     uint8_t progressPercent;
 
     /**
-     * Signal frequency in Hertz
+     * Signal frequencies in Hertz
      */
-    uint32_t frequency;
+    vec<uint32_t> frequencies;
 
     /**
      * Symbols per second
      */
-    uint32_t symbolRate;
+    vec<uint32_t> symbolRates;
+
+    FrontendDvbtHierarchy hierarchy;
+
+    FrontendAnalogType analogType;
 
     vec<uint8_t> plpIds;
 
@@ -1287,10 +1317,12 @@
 
     vec<uint16_t> inputStreamIds;
 
-    safe_union standard {
+    safe_union Standard {
         FrontendDvbsStandard sStd;
 
         FrontendDvbtStandard tStd;
+
+        FrontendAnalogSifStandard sifStd;
     } std;
 
     /**
@@ -1759,6 +1791,12 @@
      * buffer of the record.
      */
     RECORD,
+    /**
+     * A filter to filter out Timed External Media Information (TEMI) according
+     * to ISO/IEC 13818-1:2013/ DAM 6 from input stream, and send TEMI event to
+     * client through onFilterEvent.
+     */
+    TEMI,
 };
 
 /**
@@ -2014,19 +2052,15 @@
 };
 
 /**
- * Index type to be used in the filter for record
+ * Start Code Index type to be used in the filter for record
  */
 @export
-enum DemuxRecordIndexType : uint32_t {
+enum DemuxRecordScIndexType : uint32_t {
     /**
-     * Don't use index
+     * Don't use SC index
      */
     NONE,
     /**
-     * Use TS index
-     */
-    TS,
-    /**
      * Use Start Code index
      */
     SC,
@@ -2040,15 +2074,16 @@
  *  Filter Settings for Record data.
  */
 struct DemuxFilterRecordSettings {
-    DemuxRecordIndexType indexType;
+    bitfield<DemuxTsIndex> tsIndexMask;
 
-    safe_union IndexMask {
-        bitfield<DemuxTsIndex> tsIndexMask;
+    DemuxRecordScIndexType scIndexType;
 
-        bitfield<DemuxScIndex> scIndexMask;
+    safe_union ScIndexMask {
 
-        bitfield<DemuxScHevcIndex> scHevcIndexMask;
-    } indexMask;
+        bitfield<DemuxScIndex> sc;
+
+        bitfield<DemuxScHevcIndex> scHevc;
+    } scIndexMask;
 };
 
 /**
@@ -2170,7 +2205,8 @@
 
     safe_union FilterSettings {
         /**
-         * Not additional parameters. it's used by PCR, TS subtype filters.
+         * Not additional parameters. it's used by PCR, TS, TEMI subtype
+         * filters.
          */
         Monostate noinit;
 
@@ -2223,8 +2259,6 @@
 
         DemuxFilterSectionSettings section;
 
-        DemuxFilterPesDataSettings pesData;
-
         /**
          * true if the data from IP subtype go to next filter directly
          */
@@ -2241,7 +2275,7 @@
     /**
      * true if the filtered data is commpressed ip packet
      */
-    bool bIsCompressedIpPacket;
+    bool isCompressedIpPacket;
 
     safe_union FilterSettings {
         /**
@@ -2394,6 +2428,12 @@
     uint32_t dataLength;
 
     /**
+     *  The offset in the memory block which is shared among multiple
+     *  MediaEvents.
+     */
+    uint32_t offset;
+
+    /**
      * A handle associated to the memory where audio or video data stays.
      */
     handle avMemory;
@@ -2404,6 +2444,12 @@
     bool isSecureMemory;
 
     /**
+     * An Id is used by HAL to provide additional information for AV data.
+     * For secure audio, it's the audio handle used by Audio Track.
+     */
+    uint64_t avDataId;
+
+    /**
      * MPU sequence number of filtered data (only for MMTP)
      */
     uint32_t mpuSequenceNumber;
@@ -2443,16 +2489,17 @@
 struct DemuxFilterTsRecordEvent {
     DemuxPid pid;
 
+    bitfield<DemuxTsIndex> tsIndexMask;
+
     /**
      * Indexes of record output
      */
-    safe_union IndexMask {
-        bitfield<DemuxTsIndex> tsIndexMask;
+    safe_union ScIndexMask {
 
-        bitfield<DemuxScIndex> scIndexMask;
+        bitfield<DemuxScIndex> sc;
 
-        bitfield<DemuxScHevcIndex> scHevcIndexMask;
-    } indexMask;
+        bitfield<DemuxScHevcIndex> scHevc;
+    } scIndexMask;
 
     /**
      * Byte number from beginning of the filter's output
@@ -2461,6 +2508,27 @@
 };
 
 /**
+ *  Filter Event for Timed External Media Information (TEMI) data.
+ */
+struct DemuxFilterTemiEvent {
+    /**
+     * Presentation Time Stamp for audio or video frame. It based on 90KHz has
+     * the same format as PTS (Presentation Time Stamp) in ISO/IEC 13818-1.
+     */
+    uint64_t pts;
+
+    /**
+     * TEMI Descriptor Tag
+     */
+    uint8_t descrTag;
+
+    /**
+     * TEMI Descriptor
+     */
+    vec<uint8_t> descrData;
+};
+
+/**
  *  Filter Event for MMTP Record data.
  */
 struct DemuxFilterMmtpRecordEvent {
@@ -2521,6 +2589,8 @@
         DemuxFilterDownloadEvent download;
 
         DemuxFilterIpPayloadEvent ipPayload;
+
+        DemuxFilterTemiEvent temi;
     };
 
     /**
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 7d6b990..3637708 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -30,5 +30,10 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libbinder",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
+
+    require_root: true,
 }
diff --git a/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index c666226..820c58c 100644
--- a/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/tv/tuner/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalTvTunerV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -31,8 +31,11 @@
 #include <android/hardware/tv/tuner/1.0/types.h>
 #include <binder/MemoryDealer.h>
 #include <fmq/MessageQueue.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
 #include <hidl/HidlSupport.h>
 #include <hidl/HidlTransportSupport.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <hidl/Status.h>
 #include <hidlmemory/FrameworkUtils.h>
 #include <utils/Condition.h>
@@ -65,6 +68,7 @@
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterMainType;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterPesDataSettings;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterPesEvent;
+using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterRecordSettings;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterSectionEvent;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterSectionSettings;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::DemuxFilterSettings;
@@ -95,6 +99,7 @@
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::ITuner;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::PlaybackSettings;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::PlaybackStatus;
+using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::RecordSettings;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::RecordStatus;
 using android::hardware::tv::tuner::V1_0::Result;
 
@@ -159,6 +164,7 @@
     RECORD,
     MMTPRECORD,
     DOWNLOAD,
+    TEMI,
 };
 
 struct PlaybackConf {
@@ -378,7 +384,20 @@
 
 class DvrCallback : public IDvrCallback {
   public:
-    virtual Return<void> onRecordStatus(RecordStatus /*status*/) override { return Void(); }
+    virtual Return<void> onRecordStatus(DemuxFilterStatus status) override {
+        ALOGW("[vts] record status %hhu", status);
+        switch (status) {
+            case DemuxFilterStatus::DATA_READY:
+                break;
+            case DemuxFilterStatus::LOW_WATER:
+                break;
+            case DemuxFilterStatus::HIGH_WATER:
+            case DemuxFilterStatus::OVERFLOW:
+                ALOGW("[vts] record overflow. Flushing");
+                break;
+        }
+        return Void();
+    }
 
     virtual Return<void> onPlaybackStatus(PlaybackStatus status) override {
         // android::Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mMsgLock);
@@ -400,10 +419,17 @@
 
     void testFilterDataOutput();
     void stopPlaybackThread();
+    void testRecordOutput();
+    void stopRecordThread();
 
     void startPlaybackInputThread(PlaybackConf playbackConf, MQDesc& playbackMQDescriptor);
+    void startRecordOutputThread(RecordSettings recordSetting, MQDesc& recordMQDescriptor);
     static void* __threadLoopPlayback(void* threadArgs);
+    static void* __threadLoopRecord(void* threadArgs);
     void playbackThreadLoop(PlaybackConf* playbackConf, bool* keepWritingPlaybackFMQ);
+    void recordThreadLoop(RecordSettings* recordSetting, bool* keepWritingPlaybackFMQ);
+
+    bool readRecordFMQ();
 
   private:
     struct PlaybackThreadArgs {
@@ -411,22 +437,31 @@
         PlaybackConf* playbackConf;
         bool* keepWritingPlaybackFMQ;
     };
+    struct RecordThreadArgs {
+        DvrCallback* user;
+        RecordSettings* recordSetting;
+        bool* keepReadingRecordFMQ;
+    };
     uint16_t mDataLength = 0;
     std::vector<uint8_t> mDataOutputBuffer;
 
     std::map<uint32_t, std::unique_ptr<FilterMQ>> mFilterIdToMQ;
     std::unique_ptr<FilterMQ> mPlaybackMQ;
+    std::unique_ptr<FilterMQ> mRecordMQ;
     std::map<uint32_t, EventFlag*> mFilterIdToMQEventFlag;
     std::map<uint32_t, DemuxFilterEvent> mFilterIdToEvent;
-    EventFlag* mPlaybackMQEventFlag;
 
     android::Mutex mMsgLock;
     android::Mutex mPlaybackThreadLock;
+    android::Mutex mRecordThreadLock;
     android::Condition mMsgCondition;
 
     bool mKeepWritingPlaybackFMQ = true;
+    bool mKeepReadingRecordFMQ = true;
     bool mPlaybackThreadRunning;
+    bool mRecordThreadRunning;
     pthread_t mPlaybackThread;
+    pthread_t mRecordThread;
 
     int mPidFilterOutputCount = 0;
 };
@@ -515,23 +550,96 @@
     inputData.close();
 }
 
-// Test environment for Tuner HIDL HAL.
-class TunerHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-  public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static TunerHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static TunerHidlEnvironment* instance = new TunerHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
+void DvrCallback::testRecordOutput() {
+    android::Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mMsgLock);
+    while (mDataOutputBuffer.empty()) {
+        if (-ETIMEDOUT == mMsgCondition.waitRelative(mMsgLock, WAIT_TIMEOUT)) {
+            EXPECT_TRUE(false) << "record output matching pid does not output within timeout";
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    stopRecordThread();
+    ALOGW("[vts] record pass and stop");
+}
+
+void DvrCallback::startRecordOutputThread(RecordSettings recordSetting,
+                                          MQDesc& recordMQDescriptor) {
+    mRecordMQ = std::make_unique<FilterMQ>(recordMQDescriptor, true /* resetPointers */);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(mRecordMQ);
+    struct RecordThreadArgs* threadArgs =
+            (struct RecordThreadArgs*)malloc(sizeof(struct RecordThreadArgs));
+    threadArgs->user = this;
+    threadArgs->recordSetting = &recordSetting;
+    threadArgs->keepReadingRecordFMQ = &mKeepReadingRecordFMQ;
+
+    pthread_create(&mRecordThread, NULL, __threadLoopRecord, (void*)threadArgs);
+    pthread_setname_np(mRecordThread, "test_record_input_loop");
+}
+
+void* DvrCallback::__threadLoopRecord(void* threadArgs) {
+    DvrCallback* const self =
+            static_cast<DvrCallback*>(((struct RecordThreadArgs*)threadArgs)->user);
+    self->recordThreadLoop(((struct RecordThreadArgs*)threadArgs)->recordSetting,
+                           ((struct RecordThreadArgs*)threadArgs)->keepReadingRecordFMQ);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+void DvrCallback::recordThreadLoop(RecordSettings* /*recordSetting*/, bool* keepReadingRecordFMQ) {
+    ALOGD("[vts] DvrCallback record threadLoop start.");
+    android::Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mRecordThreadLock);
+    mRecordThreadRunning = true;
+
+    // Create the EventFlag that is used to signal the HAL impl that data have been
+    // read from the Record FMQ
+    EventFlag* recordMQEventFlag;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(EventFlag::createEventFlag(mRecordMQ->getEventFlagWord(), &recordMQEventFlag) ==
+                android::OK);
+
+    while (mRecordThreadRunning) {
+        while (*keepReadingRecordFMQ) {
+            uint32_t efState = 0;
+            android::status_t status = recordMQEventFlag->wait(
+                    static_cast<uint32_t>(DemuxQueueNotifyBits::DATA_READY), &efState, WAIT_TIMEOUT,
+                    true /* retry on spurious wake */);
+            if (status != android::OK) {
+                ALOGD("[vts] wait for data ready on the record FMQ");
+                continue;
+            }
+            // Our current implementation filter the data and write it into the filter FMQ
+            // immediately after the DATA_READY from the VTS/framework
+            if (!readRecordFMQ()) {
+                ALOGD("[vts] record data failed to be filtered. Ending thread");
+                mRecordThreadRunning = false;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<ITuner>(); }
-};
+    mRecordThreadRunning = false;
+    ALOGD("[vts] record thread ended.");
+}
 
-class TunerHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+bool DvrCallback::readRecordFMQ() {
+    android::Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mMsgLock);
+    bool result = false;
+    mDataOutputBuffer.clear();
+    mDataOutputBuffer.resize(mRecordMQ->availableToRead());
+    result = mRecordMQ->read(mDataOutputBuffer.data(), mRecordMQ->availableToRead());
+    EXPECT_TRUE(result) << "can't read from Record MQ";
+    mMsgCondition.signal();
+    return result;
+}
+
+void DvrCallback::stopRecordThread() {
+    mKeepReadingRecordFMQ = false;
+    mRecordThreadRunning = false;
+    android::Mutex::Autolock autoLock(mRecordThreadLock);
+}
+
+class TunerHidlTest : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
   public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        mService = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ITuner>(
-                TunerHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<ITuner>());
+        mService = ITuner::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(mService, nullptr);
     }
 
@@ -554,6 +662,7 @@
     sp<DvrCallback> mDvrCallback;
     MQDesc mFilterMQDescriptor;
     MQDesc mPlaybackMQDescriptor;
+    MQDesc mRecordMQDescriptor;
     vector<uint32_t> mUsedFilterIds;
 
     uint32_t mDemuxId;
@@ -571,6 +680,8 @@
                                                        FrontendSettings settings);
     ::testing::AssertionResult getPlaybackMQDescriptor();
     ::testing::AssertionResult addPlaybackToDemux(PlaybackSettings setting);
+    ::testing::AssertionResult getRecordMQDescriptor();
+    ::testing::AssertionResult addRecordToDemux(RecordSettings setting);
     ::testing::AssertionResult addFilterToDemux(DemuxFilterType type, DemuxFilterSettings setting);
     ::testing::AssertionResult getFilterMQDescriptor();
     ::testing::AssertionResult closeDemux();
@@ -580,6 +691,9 @@
     ::testing::AssertionResult playbackDataFlowTest(vector<FilterConf> filterConf,
                                                     PlaybackConf playbackConf,
                                                     vector<string> goldenOutputFiles);
+    ::testing::AssertionResult recordDataFlowTest(vector<FilterConf> filterConf,
+                                                  RecordSettings recordSetting,
+                                                  vector<string> goldenOutputFiles);
     ::testing::AssertionResult broadcastDataFlowTest(vector<FilterConf> filterConf,
                                                      vector<string> goldenOutputFiles);
 };
@@ -765,6 +879,49 @@
     return ::testing::AssertionResult(status == Result::SUCCESS);
 }
 
+::testing::AssertionResult TunerHidlTest::addRecordToDemux(RecordSettings setting) {
+    Result status;
+
+    if (!mDemux && createDemux() == ::testing::AssertionFailure()) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+
+    // Create dvr callback
+    mDvrCallback = new DvrCallback();
+
+    // Add playback input to the local demux
+    mDemux->openDvr(DvrType::RECORD, FMQ_SIZE_1M, mDvrCallback,
+                    [&](Result result, const sp<IDvr>& dvr) {
+                        mDvr = dvr;
+                        status = result;
+                    });
+
+    if (status != Result::SUCCESS) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+
+    DvrSettings dvrSetting;
+    dvrSetting.record(setting);
+    status = mDvr->configure(dvrSetting);
+
+    return ::testing::AssertionResult(status == Result::SUCCESS);
+}
+
+::testing::AssertionResult TunerHidlTest::getRecordMQDescriptor() {
+    Result status;
+
+    if ((!mDemux && createDemux() == ::testing::AssertionFailure()) || !mDvr) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+
+    mDvr->getQueueDesc([&](Result result, const MQDesc& dvrMQDesc) {
+        mRecordMQDescriptor = dvrMQDesc;
+        status = result;
+    });
+
+    return ::testing::AssertionResult(status == Result::SUCCESS);
+}
+
 ::testing::AssertionResult TunerHidlTest::addFilterToDemux(DemuxFilterType type,
                                                            DemuxFilterSettings setting) {
     Result status;
@@ -821,6 +978,9 @@
                 case DemuxTsFilterType::RECORD:
                     eventType = FilterEventType::RECORD;
                     break;
+                case DemuxTsFilterType::TEMI:
+                    eventType = FilterEventType::TEMI;
+                    break;
             }
             break;
         case DemuxFilterMainType::MMTP:
@@ -993,10 +1153,86 @@
     return closeDemux();
 }
 
+::testing::AssertionResult TunerHidlTest::recordDataFlowTest(vector<FilterConf> filterConf,
+                                                             RecordSettings recordSetting,
+                                                             vector<string> /*goldenOutputFiles*/) {
+    Result status;
+    hidl_vec<FrontendId> feIds;
+
+    mService->getFrontendIds([&](Result result, const hidl_vec<FrontendId>& frontendIds) {
+        status = result;
+        feIds = frontendIds;
+    });
+
+    if (feIds.size() == 0) {
+        ALOGW("[   WARN   ] Frontend isn't available");
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+
+    FrontendDvbtSettings dvbt{
+            .frequency = 1000,
+    };
+    FrontendSettings settings;
+    settings.dvbt(dvbt);
+
+    int filterIdsSize;
+    // Filter Configuration Module
+    for (int i = 0; i < filterConf.size(); i++) {
+        if (addFilterToDemux(filterConf[i].type, filterConf[i].setting) ==
+                    ::testing::AssertionFailure() ||
+            // TODO use a map to save the FMQs/EvenFlags and pass to callback
+            getFilterMQDescriptor() == ::testing::AssertionFailure()) {
+            return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+        }
+        filterIdsSize = mUsedFilterIds.size();
+        mUsedFilterIds.resize(filterIdsSize + 1);
+        mUsedFilterIds[filterIdsSize] = mFilterId;
+        mFilters[mFilterId] = mFilter;
+    }
+
+    // Record Config Module
+    if (addRecordToDemux(recordSetting) == ::testing::AssertionFailure() ||
+        getRecordMQDescriptor() == ::testing::AssertionFailure()) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i <= filterIdsSize; i++) {
+        if (mDvr->attachFilter(mFilters[mUsedFilterIds[i]]) != Result::SUCCESS) {
+            return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+        }
+    }
+
+    mDvrCallback->startRecordOutputThread(recordSetting, mRecordMQDescriptor);
+    status = mDvr->start();
+    if (status != Result::SUCCESS) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+
+    if (createDemuxWithFrontend(feIds[0], settings) != ::testing::AssertionSuccess()) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+
+    // Data Verify Module
+    mDvrCallback->testRecordOutput();
+
+    // Clean Up Module
+    for (int i = 0; i <= filterIdsSize; i++) {
+        if (mFilters[mUsedFilterIds[i]]->stop() != Result::SUCCESS) {
+            return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+        }
+    }
+    if (mFrontend->stopTune() != Result::SUCCESS) {
+        return ::testing::AssertionFailure();
+    }
+    mUsedFilterIds.clear();
+    mFilterCallbacks.clear();
+    mFilters.clear();
+    return closeDemux();
+}
+
 /*
  * API STATUS TESTS
  */
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CreateFrontend) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CreateFrontend) {
     Result status;
     hidl_vec<FrontendId> feIds;
 
@@ -1016,7 +1252,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, TuneFrontend) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, TuneFrontend) {
     Result status;
     hidl_vec<FrontendId> feIds;
 
@@ -1036,7 +1272,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, StopTuneFrontend) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, StopTuneFrontend) {
     Result status;
     hidl_vec<FrontendId> feIds;
 
@@ -1056,7 +1292,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CloseFrontend) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CloseFrontend) {
     Result status;
     hidl_vec<FrontendId> feIds;
 
@@ -1076,7 +1312,7 @@
     }
 }
 
-/*TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CreateDemuxWithFrontend) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CreateDemuxWithFrontend) {
     Result status;
     hidl_vec<FrontendId> feIds;
 
@@ -1101,32 +1337,34 @@
         ASSERT_TRUE(createDemuxWithFrontend(feIds[i], settings));
         mFrontend->stopTune();
     }
-}*/
+}
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CreateDemux) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CreateDemux) {
     description("Create Demux");
     ASSERT_TRUE(createDemux());
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CloseDemux) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CloseDemux) {
     description("Close Demux");
     ASSERT_TRUE(closeDemux());
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CreateDescrambler) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CreateDescrambler) {
     description("Create Descrambler");
     ASSERT_TRUE(createDescrambler());
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, CloseDescrambler) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, CloseDescrambler) {
     description("Close Descrambler");
     ASSERT_TRUE(closeDescrambler());
 }
 
 /*
  * DATA FLOW TESTS
+ *
+ * TODO: re-enable the tests after finalizing the testing stream.
  */
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, PlaybackDataFlowWithSectionFilterTest) {
+/*TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, PlaybackDataFlowWithSectionFilterTest) {
     description("Feed ts data from playback and configure pes filter to get output");
 
     // todo modulize the filter conf parser
@@ -1169,7 +1407,7 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(playbackDataFlowTest(filterConf, playbackConf, goldenOutputFiles));
 }
 
-TEST_F(TunerHidlTest, BroadcastDataFlowWithPesFilterTest) {
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, BroadcastDataFlowWithPesFilterTest) {
     description("Feed ts data from frontend and test with PES filter");
 
     // todo modulize the filter conf parser
@@ -1199,13 +1437,47 @@
     ASSERT_TRUE(broadcastDataFlowTest(filterConf, goldenOutputFiles));
 }
 
+TEST_P(TunerHidlTest, RecordDataFlowWithTsRecordFilterTest) {
+    description("Feed ts data from frontend to recording and test with ts record filter");
+
+    // todo modulize the filter conf parser
+    vector<FilterConf> filterConf;
+    filterConf.resize(1);
+
+    DemuxFilterSettings filterSetting;
+    DemuxTsFilterSettings tsFilterSetting{
+            .tpid = 119,
+    };
+    DemuxFilterRecordSettings recordFilterSetting;
+    tsFilterSetting.filterSettings.record(recordFilterSetting);
+    filterSetting.ts(tsFilterSetting);
+
+    DemuxFilterType type{
+            .mainType = DemuxFilterMainType::TS,
+    };
+    type.subType.tsFilterType(DemuxTsFilterType::RECORD);
+    FilterConf recordFilterConf{
+            .type = type,
+            .setting = filterSetting,
+    };
+    filterConf[0] = recordFilterConf;
+
+    RecordSettings recordSetting{
+            .statusMask = 0xf,
+            .lowThreshold = 0x1000,
+            .highThreshold = 0x07fff,
+            .dataFormat = DataFormat::TS,
+            .packetSize = 188,
+    };
+
+    vector<string> goldenOutputFiles;
+
+    ASSERT_TRUE(recordDataFlowTest(filterConf, recordSetting, goldenOutputFiles));
+}*/
+
 }  // namespace
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(TunerHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    TunerHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, TunerHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(ITuner::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/usb/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/usb/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 683ee17..1a3b56b 100644
--- a/usb/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/usb/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,5 +19,5 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["VtsHalUsbV1_0TargetTest.cpp"],
     static_libs: ["android.hardware.usb@1.0"],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
diff --git a/usb/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/usb/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index ee7ef1b..bba75c8 100644
--- a/usb/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/usb/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -20,9 +20,10 @@
 #include <android/hardware/usb/1.0/IUsb.h>
 #include <android/hardware/usb/1.0/IUsbCallback.h>
 #include <android/hardware/usb/1.0/types.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <chrono>
@@ -49,20 +50,8 @@
 using ::android::hardware::Void;
 using ::android::sp;
 
-// Test environment for Usb HIDL HAL.
-class UsbHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
- public:
-  // get the test environment singleton
-  static UsbHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-    static UsbHidlEnvironment* instance = new UsbHidlEnvironment;
-    return instance;
-  }
-
-  virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IUsb>(); }
-};
-
 // The main test class for the USB hidl HAL
-class UsbHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class UsbHidlTest : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
  public:
   // Callback class for the USB HIDL hal.
   // Usb Hal will call this object upon role switch or port query.
@@ -109,8 +98,7 @@
 
   virtual void SetUp() override {
     ALOGI("Setup");
-    usb = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IUsb>(
-        UsbHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IUsb>());
+    usb = IUsb::getService(GetParam());
     ASSERT_NE(usb, nullptr);
 
     usb_cb_2 = new UsbCallback(*this, 2);
@@ -182,7 +170,7 @@
  * Callback oject is created and registered.
  * Check to see if the hidl transaction succeeded.
  */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, setCallback) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, setCallback) {
   usb_cb_1 = new UsbCallback(*this, 1);
   ASSERT_NE(usb_cb_1, nullptr);
   Return<void> ret = usb->setCallback(usb_cb_1);
@@ -193,7 +181,7 @@
  * Check to see if querying type-c
  * port status succeeds.
  */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, queryPortStatus) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, queryPortStatus) {
   Return<void> ret = usb->queryPortStatus();
   ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
   EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
@@ -206,7 +194,7 @@
  * This test case tried to switch the port with empty
  * name which is expected to fail.
  */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, switchEmptyPort) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, switchEmptyPort) {
   struct PortRole role;
   role.type = PortRoleType::DATA_ROLE;
 
@@ -218,52 +206,6 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * Test switching the mode of usb port.
- * Test case queries the usb ports present in device.
- * If there is atleast one usb port, a mode switch
- * to DFP is attempted for the port.
- * The callback parametes are checked to see if the mode
- * switch was successfull. Upon success, Status::SUCCESS
- * is expected to be returned.
- */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, switchModetoDFP) {
-  struct PortRole role;
-  role.type = PortRoleType::MODE;
-  role.role = static_cast<uint32_t>(PortMode::DFP);
-
-  Return<void> ret = usb->queryPortStatus();
-  ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-  EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, wait());
-  EXPECT_EQ(2, usb_last_cookie);
-
-  if (!usb_last_port_status.portName.empty()) {
-    hidl_string portBeingSwitched = usb_last_port_status.portName;
-    ALOGI("mode portname:%s", portBeingSwitched.c_str());
-    usb_role_switch_done = false;
-    Return<void> ret = usb->switchRole(portBeingSwitched.c_str(), role);
-    ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
-
-    std::cv_status waitStatus = wait();
-    while (waitStatus == std::cv_status::no_timeout &&
-           usb_role_switch_done == false)
-      waitStatus = wait();
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(std::cv_status::no_timeout, waitStatus);
-    EXPECT_EQ(2, usb_last_cookie);
-
-    EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<uint32_t>(PortRoleType::MODE),
-              static_cast<uint32_t>(usb_last_port_role.type));
-    if (usb_last_status == Status::SUCCESS) {
-      EXPECT_EQ(static_cast<uint32_t>(PortMode::DFP),
-                static_cast<uint32_t>(usb_last_port_role.role));
-    } else {
-      EXPECT_NE(static_cast<uint32_t>(PortMode::UFP),
-                static_cast<uint32_t>(usb_last_port_role.role));
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-/*
  * Test switching the power role of usb port.
  * Test case queries the usb ports present in device.
  * If there is atleast one usb port, a power role switch
@@ -273,7 +215,7 @@
  * is expected to be returned.
  */
 
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, switchPowerRole) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, switchPowerRole) {
   struct PortRole role;
   role.type = PortRoleType::POWER_ROLE;
   role.role = static_cast<uint32_t>(PortPowerRole::SOURCE);
@@ -319,7 +261,7 @@
  * switch was successfull. Upon success, Status::SUCCESS
  * is expected to be returned.
  */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, switchDataRole) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, switchDataRole) {
   struct PortRole role;
   role.type = PortRoleType::DATA_ROLE;
   role.role = static_cast<uint32_t>(PortDataRole::HOST);
@@ -356,11 +298,7 @@
   }
 }
 
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-  ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(UsbHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-  UsbHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-  int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-  ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-  return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, UsbHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IUsb::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/usb/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/usb/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 1f0972f..32c470b 100644
--- a/usb/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/usb/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -22,6 +22,6 @@
         "android.hardware.usb@1.0",
         "android.hardware.usb@1.1",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: ["general-tests", "vts-core"],
 }
 
diff --git a/usb/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_1TargetTest.cpp b/usb/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_1TargetTest.cpp
index caf9c69..d4b2ffd 100644
--- a/usb/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_1TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/usb/1.1/vts/functional/VtsHalUsbV1_1TargetTest.cpp
@@ -23,8 +23,9 @@
 #include <android/hardware/usb/1.1/types.h>
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetCallbackBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 #include <log/log.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <chrono>
@@ -114,25 +115,12 @@
     };
 };
 
-// Test environment for Usb HIDL HAL.
-class UsbHidlEnvironment : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static UsbHidlEnvironment* Instance() {
-        static UsbHidlEnvironment* instance = new UsbHidlEnvironment;
-        return instance;
-    }
-
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override { registerTestService<IUsb>(); }
-};
-
 // The main test class for the USB hidl HAL
-class UsbHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class UsbHidlTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
    public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
         ALOGI(__FUNCTION__);
-        usb = ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<IUsb>(
-            UsbHidlEnvironment::Instance()->getServiceName<IUsb>());
+        usb = IUsb::getService(GetParam());
         ASSERT_NE(usb, nullptr);
 
         usb_cb_2 = new UsbCallback(2);
@@ -158,7 +146,7 @@
  * Callback oject is created and registered.
  * Check to see if the hidl transaction succeeded.
  */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, setCallback) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, setCallback) {
     usb_cb_1 = new UsbCallback(1);
     ASSERT_NE(usb_cb_1, nullptr);
     Return<void> ret = usb->setCallback(usb_cb_1);
@@ -171,7 +159,7 @@
  * HAL service should call notifyPortStatusChange_1_1
  * instead of notifyPortStatusChange of V1_0 interface
  */
-TEST_F(UsbHidlTest, queryPortStatus) {
+TEST_P(UsbHidlTest, queryPortStatus) {
     Return<void> ret = usb->queryPortStatus();
     ASSERT_TRUE(ret.isOk());
     auto res = usb_cb_2->WaitForCallback(kCallbackNameNotifyPortStatusChange_1_1);
@@ -181,12 +169,7 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(PortMode::NONE, res.args->usb_last_port_status.status.supportedModes);
     EXPECT_EQ(Status::SUCCESS, res.args->usb_last_status);
 }
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(UsbHidlEnvironment::Instance());
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    UsbHidlEnvironment::Instance()->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-    ALOGI("Test result = %d", status);
-    return status;
-}
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
+        PerInstance, UsbHidlTest,
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IUsb::descriptor)),
+        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/Android.bp b/vibrator/1.4/Android.bp
deleted file mode 100644
index acfc795..0000000
--- a/vibrator/1.4/Android.bp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-// This file is autogenerated by hidl-gen -Landroidbp.
-
-hidl_interface {
-    name: "android.hardware.vibrator@1.4",
-    root: "android.hardware",
-    srcs: [
-        "types.hal",
-        "IVibrator.hal",
-        "IVibratorCallback.hal",
-    ],
-    interfaces: [
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.0",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.1",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.2",
-        "android.hardware.vibrator@1.3",
-        "android.hidl.base@1.0",
-    ],
-    gen_java: true,
-}
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/IVibrator.hal b/vibrator/1.4/IVibrator.hal
deleted file mode 100644
index 913abe3..0000000
--- a/vibrator/1.4/IVibrator.hal
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,57 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package android.hardware.vibrator@1.4;
-
-import @1.0::EffectStrength;
-import @1.3::Effect;
-import @1.0::Status;
-import @1.3::IVibrator;
-import IVibratorCallback;
-
-interface IVibrator extends @1.3::IVibrator {
-    /**
-     * Determine capabilities of the vibrator HAL.
-     */
-    getCapabilities() generates (bitfield<Capabilities> capabilities);
-
-    /**
-     * Turn on vibrator
-     *
-     * This function must only be called after the previous timeout has expired or
-     * was canceled (through off()).
-     * @param timeoutMs number of milliseconds to vibrate.
-     * @param callback A callback used to inform Frameworks of state change, if supported.
-     * @return vibratorOnRet whether vibrator command was successful or not.
-     */
-    on_1_4(uint32_t timeoutMs, IVibratorCallback callback) generates (Status vibratorOnRet);
-
-    /**
-     * Fire off a predefined haptic event.
-     *
-     * @param effect The type of haptic event to trigger.
-     * @param strength The intensity of haptic event to trigger.
-     * @param callback A callback used to inform Frameworks of state change, if supported.
-     * @return status Whether the effect was successfully performed or not. Must
-     *     return Status::UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION if the effect is not supported.
-     * @return lengthMs The length of time the event is expected to take in
-     *     milliseconds. This doesn't need to be perfectly accurate, but should be a reasonable
-     *     approximation. Should be a positive, non-zero value if the returned status is Status::OK,
-     *     and set to 0 otherwise.
-     */
-    perform_1_4(Effect effect, EffectStrength strength, IVibratorCallback callback)
-        generates (Status status, uint32_t lengthMs);
-};
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/types.hal b/vibrator/1.4/types.hal
deleted file mode 100644
index acc49b1..0000000
--- a/vibrator/1.4/types.hal
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-package android.hardware.vibrator@1.4;
-
-enum Capabilities : uint32_t {
-    ON_COMPLETION_CALLBACK = 1 << 0,
-    PERFORM_COMPLETION_CALLBACK = 1 << 1,
-};
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest.cpp b/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest.cpp
deleted file mode 100644
index 1b6abe9..0000000
--- a/vibrator/1.4/vts/functional/VtsHalVibratorV1_4TargetTest.cpp
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,203 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
- *
- * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
- * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
- * You may obtain a copy of the License at
- *
- *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
- *
- * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- * limitations under the License.
- */
-
-#define LOG_TAG "vibrator_hidl_hal_test"
-
-#include <android-base/logging.h>
-#include <android/hardware/vibrator/1.0/types.h>
-#include <android/hardware/vibrator/1.4/IVibrator.h>
-#include <gtest/gtest.h>
-#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
-#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
-
-#include <getopt.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include <future>
-
-using ::android::sp;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_bitfield;
-using ::android::hardware::hidl_enum_range;
-using ::android::hardware::Return;
-using ::android::hardware::Void;
-using ::android::hardware::vibrator::V1_0::EffectStrength;
-using ::android::hardware::vibrator::V1_0::Status;
-using ::android::hardware::vibrator::V1_3::Effect;
-using ::android::hardware::vibrator::V1_4::Capabilities;
-using ::android::hardware::vibrator::V1_4::IVibrator;
-using ::android::hardware::vibrator::V1_4::IVibratorCallback;
-
-static uint32_t sCompletionLimitMs = UINT32_MAX;
-
-#define EXPECT_OK(ret) ASSERT_TRUE((ret).isOk())
-
-class CompletionCallback : public IVibratorCallback {
-  public:
-    CompletionCallback(std::function<void()> callback) : mCallback(callback) {}
-    Return<void> onComplete() override {
-        mCallback();
-        return Void();
-    }
-
-  private:
-    std::function<void()> mCallback;
-};
-
-class VibratorHidlTest_1_4 : public testing::TestWithParam<std::string> {
-  public:
-    virtual void SetUp() override {
-        vibrator = IVibrator::getService(GetParam());
-        ASSERT_NE(vibrator, nullptr);
-        capabilities = vibrator->getCapabilities();
-    }
-
-    virtual void TearDown() override {}
-
-    sp<IVibrator> vibrator;
-    hidl_bitfield<Capabilities> capabilities;
-};
-
-TEST_P(VibratorHidlTest_1_4, OnWithCallback) {
-    if (capabilities & Capabilities::ON_COMPLETION_CALLBACK) {
-        std::promise<void> completionPromise;
-        std::future<void> completionFuture{completionPromise.get_future()};
-        sp<CompletionCallback> callback =
-                new CompletionCallback([&completionPromise] { completionPromise.set_value(); });
-        uint32_t duration = 250;
-        std::chrono::milliseconds timeout{duration * 2};
-        EXPECT_EQ(Status::OK, vibrator->on_1_4(duration, callback));
-        EXPECT_EQ(completionFuture.wait_for(timeout), std::future_status::ready);
-        vibrator->off();
-    }
-}
-
-static void validatePerformEffectUnsupportedOperation(Status status, uint32_t lengthMs) {
-    ASSERT_EQ(Status::UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION, status);
-    ASSERT_EQ(static_cast<uint32_t>(0), lengthMs)
-            << "Effects that return UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION must have a duration of zero";
-}
-
-static void validatePerformEffect(Status status, uint32_t lengthMs) {
-    ASSERT_TRUE(status == Status::OK || status == Status::UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
-    if (status == Status::OK) {
-        ASSERT_LT(static_cast<uint32_t>(0), lengthMs)
-                << "Effects that return OK must return a positive duration";
-    } else {
-        validatePerformEffectUnsupportedOperation(status, lengthMs);
-    }
-}
-
-/*
- * Test to make sure effects within the valid range return are either supported and return OK with
- * a valid duration, or are unsupported and return UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION with a duration of 0.
- */
-TEST_P(VibratorHidlTest_1_4, PerformEffect_1_4) {
-    Status performStatus;
-    uint32_t performLength;
-    auto validateWrapper = [&](Status status, uint32_t lengthMs) {
-        performStatus = status;
-        performLength = lengthMs;
-        validatePerformEffect(status, lengthMs);
-    };
-    for (const auto& effect : hidl_enum_range<Effect>()) {
-        for (const auto& strength : hidl_enum_range<EffectStrength>()) {
-            std::promise<void> completionPromise;
-            std::future<void> completionFuture{completionPromise.get_future()};
-            sp<CompletionCallback> callback =
-                    new CompletionCallback([&completionPromise] { completionPromise.set_value(); });
-            EXPECT_OK(vibrator->perform_1_4(effect, strength, callback, validateWrapper));
-            if (performStatus == Status::OK && performLength < sCompletionLimitMs &&
-                (capabilities & Capabilities::PERFORM_COMPLETION_CALLBACK)) {
-                std::chrono::milliseconds timeout{performLength * 2};
-                EXPECT_EQ(completionFuture.wait_for(timeout), std::future_status::ready);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/*
- * Test to make sure effect values above the valid range are rejected.
- */
-TEST_P(VibratorHidlTest_1_4, PerformEffect_1_4_BadEffects_AboveValidRange) {
-    Effect effect = *std::prev(hidl_enum_range<Effect>().end());
-    Effect badEffect = static_cast<Effect>(static_cast<int32_t>(effect) + 1);
-    EXPECT_OK(vibrator->perform_1_4(badEffect, EffectStrength::LIGHT, nullptr,
-                                    validatePerformEffectUnsupportedOperation));
-}
-
-/*
- * Test to make sure effect values below the valid range are rejected.
- */
-TEST_P(VibratorHidlTest_1_4, PerformEffect_1_4_BadEffects_BelowValidRange) {
-    Effect effect = *hidl_enum_range<Effect>().begin();
-    Effect badEffect = static_cast<Effect>(static_cast<int32_t>(effect) - 1);
-    EXPECT_OK(vibrator->perform_1_4(badEffect, EffectStrength::LIGHT, nullptr,
-                                    validatePerformEffectUnsupportedOperation));
-}
-
-/*
- * Test to make sure strength values above the valid range are rejected.
- */
-TEST_P(VibratorHidlTest_1_4, PerformEffect_1_4_BadStrength_AboveValidRange) {
-    EffectStrength strength = *std::prev(hidl_enum_range<EffectStrength>().end());
-    EffectStrength badStrength = static_cast<EffectStrength>(static_cast<int32_t>(strength) + 1);
-    EXPECT_OK(vibrator->perform_1_4(Effect::THUD, badStrength, nullptr,
-                                    validatePerformEffectUnsupportedOperation));
-}
-
-/*
- * Test to make sure strength values below the valid range are rejected.
- */
-TEST_P(VibratorHidlTest_1_4, PerformEffect_1_4_BadStrength_BelowValidRange) {
-    EffectStrength strength = *hidl_enum_range<EffectStrength>().begin();
-    EffectStrength badStrength = static_cast<EffectStrength>(static_cast<int32_t>(strength) - 1);
-    EXPECT_OK(vibrator->perform_1_4(Effect::THUD, badStrength, nullptr,
-                                    validatePerformEffectUnsupportedOperation));
-}
-
-INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(
-        PerInstance, VibratorHidlTest_1_4,
-        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IVibrator::descriptor)),
-        android::hardware::PrintInstanceNameToString);
-
-enum {
-    OPTION_COMPLETION_LIMIT_MS,
-};
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    struct option options[] = {
-            {"completion-limit-ms", required_argument, 0, OPTION_COMPLETION_LIMIT_MS}, {}};
-
-    printf("Running main() from %s\n", __FILE__);
-    testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-
-    while (true) {
-        int opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, "", options, nullptr);
-        if (opt == -1) {
-            break;
-        }
-        switch (opt) {
-            case OPTION_COMPLETION_LIMIT_MS:
-                std::istringstream(optarg) >> sCompletionLimitMs;
-                break;
-            default:
-                printf("Unrecognized option\n");
-                return -EINVAL;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-}
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp b/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
index 18468ef..ae7f434 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/Android.bp
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 aidl_interface {
-    name: "vintf-vibrator",
+    name: "android.hardware.vibrator",
     vendor_available: true,
     srcs: [
         "android/hardware/vibrator/*.aidl",
@@ -7,8 +7,12 @@
     stability: "vintf",
     backend: {
         java: {
-            enabled: false,
+            platform_apis: true,
+        },
+        ndk: {
+            vndk: {
+                enabled: true,
+            },
         },
     },
 }
-
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/TEST_MAPPING b/vibrator/aidl/TEST_MAPPING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ae32e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/TEST_MAPPING
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+  "presubmit": [
+    {
+      "name": "VtsHalVibratorTargetTest"
+    }
+  ]
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal b/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/CompositeEffect.aidl
similarity index 67%
copy from vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
copy to vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/CompositeEffect.aidl
index 76281bc..84556b5 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/CompositeEffect.aidl
@@ -14,8 +14,15 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package android.hardware.vibrator@1.4;
+package android.hardware.vibrator;
 
-interface IVibratorCallback {
-    oneway onComplete();
-};
+import android.hardware.vibrator.CompositePrimitive;
+
+@VintfStability
+parcelable CompositeEffect {
+    /* Period of silence preceding primitive. */
+    int delayMs;
+    CompositePrimitive primitive;
+    /* 0.0 (exclusive) - 1.0 (inclusive) */
+    float scale;
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/CompositePrimitive.aidl b/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/CompositePrimitive.aidl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0fdfa5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/CompositePrimitive.aidl
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package android.hardware.vibrator;
+
+@VintfStability
+@Backing(type="int")
+enum CompositePrimitive {
+    /**
+     * No haptic effect. Used to generate extended delays between primitives.
+     */
+    NOOP,
+    /**
+     * This effect should produce a sharp, crisp click sensation.
+     */
+    CLICK,
+    /**
+     * A haptic effect that simulates downwards movement with gravity. Often
+     * followed by extra energy of hitting and reverberation to augment
+     * physicality.
+     */
+    THUD,
+    /**
+     * A haptic effect that simulates spinning momentum.
+     */
+    SPIN,
+    /**
+     * A haptic effect that simulates quick upward movement against gravity.
+     */
+    QUICK_RISE,
+    /**
+     * A haptic effect that simulates slow upward movement against gravity.
+     */
+    SLOW_RISE,
+    /**
+     * A haptic effect that simulates quick downwards movement with gravity.
+     */
+    QUICK_FALL,
+    /**
+     * This very short effect should produce a light crisp sensation intended
+     * to be used repetitively for dynamic feedback.
+     */
+    LIGHT_TICK,
+}
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/IVibrator.aidl b/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/IVibrator.aidl
index 8c4fd05..06a8bf5 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/IVibrator.aidl
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/android/hardware/vibrator/IVibrator.aidl
@@ -19,6 +19,8 @@
 import android.hardware.vibrator.IVibratorCallback;
 import android.hardware.vibrator.Effect;
 import android.hardware.vibrator.EffectStrength;
+import android.hardware.vibrator.CompositeEffect;
+import android.hardware.vibrator.CompositePrimitive;
 
 @VintfStability
 interface IVibrator {
@@ -42,6 +44,14 @@
      * Whether setAmplitude is supported (when external control is enabled)
      */
     const int CAP_EXTERNAL_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL = 1 << 4;
+    /**
+     * Whether compose is supported.
+     */
+    const int CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS = 1 << 5;
+    /**
+     * Whether alwaysOnEnable/alwaysOnDisable is supported.
+     */
+    const int CAP_ALWAYS_ON_CONTROL = 1 << 6;
 
     /**
      * Determine capabilities of the vibrator HAL (CAP_* mask)
@@ -107,11 +117,10 @@
      * CAP_EXTERNAL_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL.
      *
      * @param amplitude The unitless force setting. Note that this number must
-     *                  be between 1 and 255, inclusive. If the motor does not
-     *                  have exactly 255 steps, it must do it's best to map it
-     *                  onto the number of steps it does have.
+     *                  be between 0.0 (exclusive) and 1.0 (inclusive). It must
+     *                  do it's best to map it onto the number of steps it does have.
      */
-    void setAmplitude(in int amplitude);
+    void setAmplitude(in float amplitude);
 
     /**
      * Enables/disables control override of vibrator to audio.
@@ -128,4 +137,82 @@
      * @param enabled Whether external control should be enabled or disabled.
      */
     void setExternalControl(in boolean enabled);
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieve composition delay limit.
+     *
+     * Support is reflected in getCapabilities (CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS).
+     *
+     * @return Maximum delay for a single CompositeEffect[] entry.
+     */
+    int getCompositionDelayMax();
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieve composition size limit.
+     *
+     * Support is reflected in getCapabilities (CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS).
+     *
+     * @return Maximum number of entries in CompositeEffect[].
+     * @param maxDelayMs Maximum delay for a single CompositeEffect[] entry.
+     */
+    int getCompositionSizeMax();
+
+    /**
+     * List of supported effect primitive.
+     *
+     * Return the effect primitives which are supported by the compose API.
+     * Implementations are expected to support all primitives of the interface
+     * version that they implement.
+     */
+    CompositePrimitive[] getSupportedPrimitives();
+
+    /**
+     * Retrieve effect primitive's duration in milliseconds.
+     *
+     * Support is reflected in getCapabilities (CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS).
+     *
+     * @return Best effort estimation of effect primitive's duration.
+     * @param primitive Effect primitive being queried.
+     */
+    int getPrimitiveDuration(CompositePrimitive primitive);
+
+    /**
+     * Fire off a string of effect primitives, combined to perform richer effects.
+     *
+     * Support is reflected in getCapabilities (CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS).
+     *
+     * Doing this operation while the vibrator is already on is undefined behavior. Clients should
+     * explicitly call off. IVibratorCallback.onComplete() support is required for this API.
+     *
+     * @param composite Array of composition parameters.
+     */
+    void compose(in CompositeEffect[] composite, in IVibratorCallback callback);
+
+    /**
+     * List of supported always-on effects.
+     *
+     * Return the effects which are supported by the alwaysOnEnable (an effect
+     * is expected to be supported at every strength level.
+     */
+    Effect[] getSupportedAlwaysOnEffects();
+
+    /**
+     * Enable an always-on haptic source, assigning a specific effect. An
+     * always-on haptic source is a source that can be triggered externally
+     * once enabled and assigned an effect to play. This may not be supported
+     * and this support is reflected in getCapabilities (CAP_ALWAYS_ON_CONTROL).
+     *
+     * @param id The device-specific always-on source ID to enable.
+     * @param effect The type of haptic event to trigger.
+     * @param strength The intensity of haptic event to trigger.
+     */
+    void alwaysOnEnable(in int id, in Effect effect, in EffectStrength strength);
+
+    /**
+     * Disable an always-on haptic source. This may not be supported and this
+     * support is reflected in getCapabilities (CAP_ALWAYS_ON_CONTROL).
+     *
+     * @param id The device-specific always-on source ID to disable.
+     */
+    void alwaysOnDisable(in int id);
 }
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp b/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
index f399887..9e6d9cf 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -1,3 +1,19 @@
+cc_library_static {
+    name: "libvibratorexampleimpl",
+    vendor: true,
+    shared_libs: [
+        "libbase",
+        "libbinder_ndk",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-ndk_platform",
+    ],
+    export_include_dirs: ["include"],
+    srcs: ["Vibrator.cpp"],
+    visibility: [
+        ":__subpackages__",
+        "//hardware/interfaces/tests/extension/vibrator:__subpackages__",
+    ],
+}
+
 cc_binary {
     name: "android.hardware.vibrator-service.example",
     relative_install_path: "hw",
@@ -7,7 +23,10 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libbase",
         "libbinder_ndk",
-        "vintf-vibrator-ndk_platform",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-ndk_platform",
     ],
-    srcs: ["main.cpp", "Vibrator.cpp"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "libvibratorexampleimpl",
+    ],
+    srcs: ["main.cpp"],
 }
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.cpp b/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.cpp
index 18be1a6..9236b95 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.cpp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include "Vibrator.h"
+#include "vibrator-impl/Vibrator.h"
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <thread>
@@ -24,11 +24,15 @@
 namespace hardware {
 namespace vibrator {
 
+static constexpr int32_t kComposeDelayMaxMs = 1000;
+static constexpr int32_t kComposeSizeMax = 256;
+
 ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getCapabilities(int32_t* _aidl_return) {
     LOG(INFO) << "Vibrator reporting capabilities";
     *_aidl_return = IVibrator::CAP_ON_CALLBACK | IVibrator::CAP_PERFORM_CALLBACK |
                     IVibrator::CAP_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL | IVibrator::CAP_EXTERNAL_CONTROL |
-                    IVibrator::CAP_EXTERNAL_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL;
+                    IVibrator::CAP_EXTERNAL_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL | IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS |
+                    IVibrator::CAP_ALWAYS_ON_CONTROL;
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
@@ -45,7 +49,9 @@
             LOG(INFO) << "Starting on on another thread";
             usleep(timeoutMs * 1000);
             LOG(INFO) << "Notifying on complete";
-            callback->onComplete();
+            if (!callback->onComplete().isOk()) {
+                LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to call onComplete";
+            }
         }).detach();
     }
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
@@ -84,9 +90,9 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
-ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::setAmplitude(int32_t amplitude) {
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::setAmplitude(float amplitude) {
     LOG(INFO) << "Vibrator set amplitude: " << amplitude;
-    if (amplitude <= 0 || amplitude > 255) {
+    if (amplitude <= 0.0f || amplitude > 1.0f) {
         return ndk::ScopedAStatus(AStatus_fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT));
     }
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
@@ -97,6 +103,99 @@
     return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
 }
 
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getCompositionDelayMax(int32_t* maxDelayMs) {
+    *maxDelayMs = kComposeDelayMaxMs;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getCompositionSizeMax(int32_t* maxSize) {
+    *maxSize = kComposeSizeMax;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getSupportedPrimitives(std::vector<CompositePrimitive>* supported) {
+    *supported = {
+            CompositePrimitive::NOOP,       CompositePrimitive::CLICK,
+            CompositePrimitive::THUD,       CompositePrimitive::SPIN,
+            CompositePrimitive::QUICK_RISE, CompositePrimitive::SLOW_RISE,
+            CompositePrimitive::QUICK_FALL, CompositePrimitive::LIGHT_TICK,
+    };
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getPrimitiveDuration(CompositePrimitive primitive,
+                                                  int32_t* durationMs) {
+    if (primitive != CompositePrimitive::NOOP) {
+        *durationMs = 100;
+    } else {
+        *durationMs = 0;
+    }
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::compose(const std::vector<CompositeEffect>& composite,
+                                     const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& callback) {
+    if (composite.size() > kComposeSizeMax) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+    }
+
+    std::vector<CompositePrimitive> supported;
+    getSupportedPrimitives(&supported);
+
+    for (auto& e : composite) {
+        if (e.delayMs > kComposeDelayMaxMs) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+        if (e.scale <= 0.0f || e.scale > 1.0f) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT);
+        }
+        if (std::find(supported.begin(), supported.end(), e.primitive) == supported.end()) {
+            return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+        }
+    }
+
+    std::thread([=] {
+        LOG(INFO) << "Starting compose on another thread";
+
+        for (auto& e : composite) {
+            if (e.delayMs) {
+                usleep(e.delayMs * 1000);
+            }
+            LOG(INFO) << "triggering primitive " << static_cast<int>(e.primitive) << " @ scale "
+                      << e.scale;
+        }
+
+        if (callback != nullptr) {
+            LOG(INFO) << "Notifying perform complete";
+            callback->onComplete();
+        }
+    }).detach();
+
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::getSupportedAlwaysOnEffects(std::vector<Effect>* _aidl_return) {
+    return getSupportedEffects(_aidl_return);
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::alwaysOnEnable(int32_t id, Effect effect, EffectStrength strength) {
+    std::vector<Effect> effects;
+    getSupportedAlwaysOnEffects(&effects);
+
+    if (std::find(effects.begin(), effects.end(), effect) == effects.end()) {
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::fromExceptionCode(EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION);
+    } else {
+        LOG(INFO) << "Enabling always-on ID " << id << " with " << toString(effect) << "/"
+                  << toString(strength);
+        return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+    }
+}
+
+ndk::ScopedAStatus Vibrator::alwaysOnDisable(int32_t id) {
+    LOG(INFO) << "Disabling always-on ID " << id;
+    return ndk::ScopedAStatus::ok();
+}
+
 }  // namespace vibrator
 }  // namespace hardware
 }  // namespace android
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.h b/vibrator/aidl/default/include/vibrator-impl/Vibrator.h
similarity index 63%
rename from vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.h
rename to vibrator/aidl/default/include/vibrator-impl/Vibrator.h
index 14e7292..c3f3616 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/default/Vibrator.h
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/include/vibrator-impl/Vibrator.h
@@ -32,8 +32,18 @@
                                const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& callback,
                                int32_t* _aidl_return) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus getSupportedEffects(std::vector<Effect>* _aidl_return) override;
-    ndk::ScopedAStatus setAmplitude(int32_t amplitude) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus setAmplitude(float amplitude) override;
     ndk::ScopedAStatus setExternalControl(bool enabled) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getCompositionDelayMax(int32_t* maxDelayMs);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getCompositionSizeMax(int32_t* maxSize);
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getSupportedPrimitives(std::vector<CompositePrimitive>* supported) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getPrimitiveDuration(CompositePrimitive primitive,
+                                            int32_t* durationMs) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus compose(const std::vector<CompositeEffect>& composite,
+                               const std::shared_ptr<IVibratorCallback>& callback) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus getSupportedAlwaysOnEffects(std::vector<Effect>* _aidl_return) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus alwaysOnEnable(int32_t id, Effect effect, EffectStrength strength) override;
+    ndk::ScopedAStatus alwaysOnDisable(int32_t id) override;
 };
 
 }  // namespace vibrator
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/default/main.cpp b/vibrator/aidl/default/main.cpp
index d1619ff..ebb0905 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/default/main.cpp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/default/main.cpp
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include "Vibrator.h"
+#include "vibrator-impl/Vibrator.h"
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android/binder_manager.h>
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/vts/Android.bp b/vibrator/aidl/vts/Android.bp
index 20d53c7..d1e135e 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/vts/Android.bp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/vts/Android.bp
@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@
         "libbinder",
     ],
     static_libs: [
-        "vintf-vibrator-cpp",
+        "android.hardware.vibrator-cpp",
     ],
     test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
         "vts-core",
     ],
 }
diff --git a/vibrator/aidl/vts/VtsHalVibratorTargetTest.cpp b/vibrator/aidl/vts/VtsHalVibratorTargetTest.cpp
index b6aa9e2..411fe7a 100644
--- a/vibrator/aidl/vts/VtsHalVibratorTargetTest.cpp
+++ b/vibrator/aidl/vts/VtsHalVibratorTargetTest.cpp
@@ -28,22 +28,16 @@
 using android::String16;
 using android::binder::Status;
 using android::hardware::vibrator::BnVibratorCallback;
+using android::hardware::vibrator::CompositeEffect;
+using android::hardware::vibrator::CompositePrimitive;
 using android::hardware::vibrator::Effect;
 using android::hardware::vibrator::EffectStrength;
 using android::hardware::vibrator::IVibrator;
 
-// TODO(b/143992652): autogenerate
-const std::vector<Effect> kEffects = {
-        Effect::CLICK,       Effect::DOUBLE_CLICK, Effect::TICK,        Effect::THUD,
-        Effect::POP,         Effect::HEAVY_CLICK,  Effect::RINGTONE_1,  Effect::RINGTONE_2,
-        Effect::RINGTONE_3,  Effect::RINGTONE_4,   Effect::RINGTONE_5,  Effect::RINGTONE_6,
-        Effect::RINGTONE_7,  Effect::RINGTONE_8,   Effect::RINGTONE_9,  Effect::RINGTONE_10,
-        Effect::RINGTONE_11, Effect::RINGTONE_12,  Effect::RINGTONE_13, Effect::RINGTONE_14,
-        Effect::RINGTONE_15, Effect::TEXTURE_TICK};
-
-// TODO(b/143992652): autogenerate
-const std::vector<EffectStrength> kEffectStrengths = {EffectStrength::LIGHT, EffectStrength::MEDIUM,
-                                                      EffectStrength::STRONG};
+const std::vector<Effect> kEffects{android::enum_range<Effect>().begin(),
+                                   android::enum_range<Effect>().end()};
+const std::vector<EffectStrength> kEffectStrengths{android::enum_range<EffectStrength>().begin(),
+                                                   android::enum_range<EffectStrength>().end()};
 
 const std::vector<Effect> kInvalidEffects = {
         static_cast<Effect>(static_cast<int32_t>(kEffects.front()) - 1),
@@ -55,6 +49,15 @@
         static_cast<EffectStrength>(static_cast<int8_t>(kEffectStrengths.back()) + 1),
 };
 
+const std::vector<CompositePrimitive> kCompositePrimitives{
+        android::enum_range<CompositePrimitive>().begin(),
+        android::enum_range<CompositePrimitive>().end()};
+
+const std::vector<CompositePrimitive> kInvalidPrimitives = {
+        static_cast<CompositePrimitive>(static_cast<int32_t>(kCompositePrimitives.front()) - 1),
+        static_cast<CompositePrimitive>(static_cast<int32_t>(kCompositePrimitives.back()) + 1),
+};
+
 class CompletionCallback : public BnVibratorCallback {
   public:
     CompletionCallback(const std::function<void()>& callback) : mCallback(callback) {}
@@ -119,13 +122,12 @@
             Status status = vibrator->perform(effect, strength, nullptr /*callback*/, &lengthMs);
 
             if (isEffectSupported) {
-                EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk())
-                        << static_cast<int>(effect) << " " << static_cast<int>(strength);
+                EXPECT_TRUE(status.isOk()) << toString(effect) << " " << toString(strength);
                 EXPECT_GT(lengthMs, 0);
                 usleep(lengthMs * 1000);
             } else {
                 EXPECT_EQ(status.exceptionCode(), Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)
-                        << static_cast<int>(effect) << " " << static_cast<int>(strength);
+                        << toString(effect) << " " << toString(strength);
                 EXPECT_EQ(lengthMs, 0);
             }
         }
@@ -186,7 +188,7 @@
             int32_t lengthMs;
             Status status = vibrator->perform(effect, strength, nullptr /*callback*/, &lengthMs);
             EXPECT_EQ(status.exceptionCode(), Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)
-                    << static_cast<int>(effect) << " " << static_cast<int>(strength);
+                    << toString(effect) << " " << toString(strength);
         }
     }
     for (Effect effect : kEffects) {
@@ -194,18 +196,18 @@
             int32_t lengthMs;
             Status status = vibrator->perform(effect, strength, nullptr /*callback*/, &lengthMs);
             EXPECT_EQ(status.exceptionCode(), Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION)
-                    << static_cast<int>(effect) << " " << static_cast<int>(strength);
+                    << toString(effect) << " " << toString(strength);
         }
     }
 }
 
 TEST_P(VibratorAidl, ChangeVibrationAmplitude) {
     if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL) {
-        EXPECT_TRUE(vibrator->setAmplitude(1).isOk());
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->setAmplitude(0.1f).exceptionCode());
         EXPECT_TRUE(vibrator->on(2000, nullptr /*callback*/).isOk());
-        EXPECT_TRUE(vibrator->setAmplitude(128).isOk());
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->setAmplitude(0.5f).exceptionCode());
         sleep(1);
-        EXPECT_TRUE(vibrator->setAmplitude(255).isOk());
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->setAmplitude(1.0f).exceptionCode());
         sleep(1);
     }
 }
@@ -214,7 +216,7 @@
     if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_AMPLITUDE_CONTROL) {
         EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, vibrator->setAmplitude(-1).exceptionCode());
         EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, vibrator->setAmplitude(0).exceptionCode());
-        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, vibrator->setAmplitude(256).exceptionCode());
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT, vibrator->setAmplitude(1.1).exceptionCode());
     }
 }
 
@@ -240,7 +242,7 @@
     if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_EXTERNAL_CONTROL) {
         EXPECT_TRUE(vibrator->setExternalControl(true).isOk());
 
-        Status amplitudeStatus = vibrator->setAmplitude(128);
+        Status amplitudeStatus = vibrator->setAmplitude(0.5);
         if (supportsExternalAmplitudeControl) {
             EXPECT_TRUE(amplitudeStatus.isOk());
         } else {
@@ -259,6 +261,175 @@
     }
 }
 
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, GetSupportedPrimitives) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        std::vector<CompositePrimitive> supported;
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->getSupportedPrimitives(&supported).exceptionCode());
+
+        std::sort(supported.begin(), supported.end());
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(kCompositePrimitives, supported);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, GetPrimitiveDuration) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        int32_t duration;
+
+        for (auto primitive : kCompositePrimitives) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE,
+                      vibrator->getPrimitiveDuration(primitive, &duration).exceptionCode());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, ComposeValidPrimitives) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        int32_t maxDelay, maxSize;
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->getCompositionDelayMax(&maxDelay).exceptionCode());
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->getCompositionSizeMax(&maxSize).exceptionCode());
+
+        std::vector<CompositeEffect> composite;
+
+        for (auto primitive : kCompositePrimitives) {
+            CompositeEffect effect;
+
+            effect.delayMs = std::rand() % (maxDelay + 1);
+            effect.primitive = primitive;
+            effect.scale = static_cast<float>(std::rand()) / RAND_MAX ?: 1.0f;
+            composite.emplace_back(effect);
+
+            if (composite.size() == maxSize) {
+                EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+                composite.clear();
+                vibrator->off();
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (composite.size() != 0) {
+            EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+            vibrator->off();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, ComposeUnsupportedPrimitives) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        for (auto primitive : kInvalidPrimitives) {
+            std::vector<CompositeEffect> composite(1);
+
+            for (auto& effect : composite) {
+                effect.delayMs = 0;
+                effect.primitive = primitive;
+                effect.scale = 1.0f;
+            }
+            EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION,
+                      vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+            vibrator->off();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, CompseDelayBoundary) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        int32_t maxDelay;
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->getCompositionDelayMax(&maxDelay).exceptionCode());
+
+        std::vector<CompositeEffect> composite(1);
+        CompositeEffect effect;
+
+        effect.delayMs = 1;
+        effect.primitive = CompositePrimitive::CLICK;
+        effect.scale = 1.0f;
+
+        std::fill(composite.begin(), composite.end(), effect);
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+
+        effect.delayMs = maxDelay + 1;
+
+        std::fill(composite.begin(), composite.end(), effect);
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
+                  vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+        vibrator->off();
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, CompseSizeBoundary) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        int32_t maxSize;
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->getCompositionSizeMax(&maxSize).exceptionCode());
+
+        std::vector<CompositeEffect> composite(maxSize);
+        CompositeEffect effect;
+
+        effect.delayMs = 1;
+        effect.primitive = CompositePrimitive::CLICK;
+        effect.scale = 1.0f;
+
+        std::fill(composite.begin(), composite.end(), effect);
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+
+        composite.emplace_back(effect);
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT,
+                  vibrator->compose(composite, nullptr).exceptionCode());
+        vibrator->off();
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, ComposeCallback) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_COMPOSE_EFFECTS) {
+        std::promise<void> completionPromise;
+        std::future<void> completionFuture{completionPromise.get_future()};
+        sp<CompletionCallback> callback =
+                new CompletionCallback([&completionPromise] { completionPromise.set_value(); });
+        CompositePrimitive primitive = CompositePrimitive::CLICK;
+        CompositeEffect effect;
+        std::vector<CompositeEffect> composite;
+        int32_t duration;
+
+        effect.delayMs = 0;
+        effect.primitive = primitive;
+        effect.scale = 1.0f;
+        composite.emplace_back(effect);
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE,
+                  vibrator->getPrimitiveDuration(primitive, &duration).exceptionCode());
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->compose(composite, callback).exceptionCode());
+        EXPECT_EQ(completionFuture.wait_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(duration * 2)),
+                  std::future_status::ready);
+    }
+}
+
+TEST_P(VibratorAidl, AlwaysOn) {
+    if (capabilities & IVibrator::CAP_ALWAYS_ON_CONTROL) {
+        std::vector<Effect> supported;
+        ASSERT_TRUE(vibrator->getSupportedAlwaysOnEffects(&supported).isOk());
+
+        for (Effect effect : kEffects) {
+            bool isEffectSupported =
+                    std::find(supported.begin(), supported.end(), effect) != supported.end();
+
+            for (EffectStrength strength : kEffectStrengths) {
+                Status status = vibrator->alwaysOnEnable(0, effect, strength);
+
+                if (isEffectSupported) {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, status.exceptionCode())
+                            << toString(effect) << " " << toString(strength);
+                } else {
+                    EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION, status.exceptionCode())
+                            << toString(effect) << " " << toString(strength);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        EXPECT_EQ(Status::EX_NONE, vibrator->alwaysOnDisable(0).exceptionCode());
+    }
+}
+
 INSTANTIATE_TEST_SUITE_P(Vibrator, VibratorAidl,
                          testing::ValuesIn(android::getAidlHalInstanceNames(IVibrator::descriptor)),
                          android::PrintInstanceNameToString);
diff --git a/wifi/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/wifi/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 397ad17..95bb59c 100644
--- a/wifi/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/wifi/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -28,7 +28,10 @@
     shared_libs: [
         "libnativehelper",
     ],
-    static_libs: ["android.hardware.wifi@1.0"],
+    static_libs: [
+        "android.hardware.wifi@1.0",
+        "libwifi-system-iface"
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
@@ -48,6 +51,7 @@
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.1",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.2",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.3",
+        "libwifi-system-iface"
     ],
     test_suites: ["general-tests"],
 }
@@ -62,6 +66,7 @@
     static_libs: [
         "VtsHalWifiV1_0TargetTestUtil",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.0",
+        "libwifi-system-iface"
     ],
     test_suites: ["general-tests"],
 }
diff --git a/wifi/1.0/vts/functional/wifi_hidl_test_utils.cpp b/wifi/1.0/vts/functional/wifi_hidl_test_utils.cpp
index f89f7b4..d584d4b 100644
--- a/wifi/1.0/vts/functional/wifi_hidl_test_utils.cpp
+++ b/wifi/1.0/vts/functional/wifi_hidl_test_utils.cpp
@@ -18,12 +18,15 @@
 
 #include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
 
+#include <wifi_system/interface_tool.h>
+
 #include "wifi_hidl_call_util.h"
 #include "wifi_hidl_test_utils.h"
 
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IWifi;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IWifiApIface;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IWifiChip;
+using ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IWifiIface;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IWifiNanIface;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IWifiP2pIface;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IWifiRttController;
@@ -36,6 +39,7 @@
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_string;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using ::android::wifi_system::InterfaceTool;
 
 extern WifiHidlEnvironment* gEnv;
 
@@ -131,6 +135,16 @@
     return status_and_chip.second;
 }
 
+void setIfaceUp(const sp<IWifiIface>& iface) {
+    // Set the iface up before retrurning the object.
+    const auto& status_and_name = HIDL_INVOKE(iface, getName);
+    if (status_and_name.first.code == WifiStatusCode::SUCCESS) {
+        const auto& iface_name = status_and_name.second;
+        InterfaceTool iface_tool;
+        iface_tool.SetUpState(iface_name.c_str(), true);
+    }
+}
+
 sp<IWifiApIface> getWifiApIface(const std::string& instance_name) {
     sp<IWifiChip> wifi_chip = getWifiChip(instance_name);
     if (!wifi_chip.get()) {
@@ -143,6 +157,7 @@
     if (status_and_iface.first.code != WifiStatusCode::SUCCESS) {
         return nullptr;
     }
+    setIfaceUp(status_and_iface.second);
     return status_and_iface.second;
 }
 
@@ -158,6 +173,7 @@
     if (status_and_iface.first.code != WifiStatusCode::SUCCESS) {
         return nullptr;
     }
+    setIfaceUp(status_and_iface.second);
     return status_and_iface.second;
 }
 
@@ -173,6 +189,7 @@
     if (status_and_iface.first.code != WifiStatusCode::SUCCESS) {
         return nullptr;
     }
+    setIfaceUp(status_and_iface.second);
     return status_and_iface.second;
 }
 
@@ -188,6 +205,7 @@
     if (status_and_iface.first.code != WifiStatusCode::SUCCESS) {
         return nullptr;
     }
+    setIfaceUp(status_and_iface.second);
     return status_and_iface.second;
 }
 
@@ -196,7 +214,7 @@
     if (!wifi_chip.get()) {
         return nullptr;
     }
-    sp<IWifiStaIface> wifi_sta_iface = getWifiStaIface();
+    sp<IWifiStaIface> wifi_sta_iface = getWifiStaIface(instance_name);
     if (!wifi_sta_iface.get()) {
         return nullptr;
     }
diff --git a/wifi/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp b/wifi/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 6662314..6d7635d 100644
--- a/wifi/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/wifi/1.1/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.1",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.2",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.3",
+        "libwifi-system-iface"
     ],
     test_suites: ["general-tests"],
 }
diff --git a/wifi/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp b/wifi/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
index b2956ce..97853d0 100644
--- a/wifi/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/wifi/1.2/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.1",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.2",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.3",
+        "libwifi-system-iface"
     ],
     test_suites: ["general-tests"],
 }
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.0",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.1",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.2",
+        "libwifi-system-iface"
     ],
     test_suites: ["general-tests"],
 }
diff --git a/wifi/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp b/wifi/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
index 53c8f08..9ffda8b 100644
--- a/wifi/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/wifi/1.3/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -28,5 +28,6 @@
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.1",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.2",
         "android.hardware.wifi@1.3",
+        "libwifi-system-iface"
     ],
 }
diff --git a/wifi/hostapd/1.0/vts/functional/hostapd_hidl_call_util.h b/wifi/hostapd/1.0/vts/functional/hostapd_hidl_call_util.h
index 2f71ccb..ec7ebee 100644
--- a/wifi/hostapd/1.0/vts/functional/hostapd_hidl_call_util.h
+++ b/wifi/hostapd/1.0/vts/functional/hostapd_hidl_call_util.h
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
 namespace {
 namespace detail {
 template <typename>
diff --git a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
index ba79738..332ee4a 100644
--- a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/Android.bp
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: ["supplicant_hidl_test_utils.cpp"],
     export_include_dirs: [
-        "."
+        ".",
     ],
     static_libs: [
         "VtsHalWifiV1_0TargetTestUtil",
@@ -51,14 +51,17 @@
         "libwifi-system",
         "libwifi-system-iface",
     ],
-    test_suites: ["general-tests"],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
 
 cc_test {
     name: "VtsHalWifiSupplicantP2pV1_0TargetTest",
     defaults: ["VtsHalTargetTestDefaults"],
     srcs: [
-        "VtsHalWifiSupplicantV1_0TargetTest.cpp",
+        "VtsHalWifiSupplicantP2pV1_0TargetTest.cpp",
         "supplicant_p2p_iface_hidl_test.cpp",
     ],
     static_libs: [
@@ -71,4 +74,8 @@
         "libwifi-system",
         "libwifi-system-iface",
     ],
+    test_suites: [
+        "general-tests",
+        "vts-core",
+    ],
 }
diff --git a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalWifiSupplicantP2pV1_0TargetTest.cpp
similarity index 60%
copy from vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
copy to wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalWifiSupplicantP2pV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 76281bc..a132707 100644
--- a/vibrator/1.4/IVibratorCallback.hal
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalWifiSupplicantP2pV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,8 +14,17 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-package android.hardware.vibrator@1.4;
+#include <VtsCoreUtil.h>
+#include "supplicant_hidl_test_utils.h"
 
-interface IVibratorCallback {
-    oneway onComplete();
-};
+// TODO(b/143892896): Remove this line after wifi_hidl_test_utils.cpp is
+// updated.
+WifiSupplicantHidlEnvironment* gEnv = nullptr;
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+    if (!::testing::deviceSupportsFeature("android.hardware.wifi.direct"))
+        return 0;
+
+    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+    return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}
diff --git a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalWifiSupplicantV1_0TargetTest.cpp b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalWifiSupplicantV1_0TargetTest.cpp
index 6ca0546..f582cc1 100644
--- a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalWifiSupplicantV1_0TargetTest.cpp
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/VtsHalWifiSupplicantV1_0TargetTest.cpp
@@ -14,40 +14,8 @@
  * limitations under the License.
  */
 
-#include <android-base/logging.h>
-
 #include "supplicant_hidl_test_utils.h"
-#include "wifi_hidl_test_utils.h"
 
-class WifiSupplicantHidlEnvironment_1_0 : public WifiSupplicantHidlEnvironment {
-   public:
-    // get the test environment singleton
-    static WifiSupplicantHidlEnvironment_1_0* Instance() {
-        static WifiSupplicantHidlEnvironment_1_0* instance =
-            new WifiSupplicantHidlEnvironment_1_0;
-        return instance;
-    }
-    virtual void registerTestServices() override {
-        registerTestService<::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IWifi>();
-        registerTestService<
-            ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicant>();
-    }
-
-   private:
-    WifiSupplicantHidlEnvironment_1_0() {}
-};
-
-WifiSupplicantHidlEnvironment* gEnv =
-    WifiSupplicantHidlEnvironment_1_0::Instance();
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(gEnv);
-    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
-    gEnv->init(&argc, argv);
-    int status = gEnv->initFromOptions(argc, argv);
-    if (status == 0) {
-        int status = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
-        LOG(INFO) << "Test result = " << status;
-    }
-    return status;
-}
+// TODO(b/143892896): Remove this file after wifi_hidl_test_utils.cpp is
+// updated.
+WifiSupplicantHidlEnvironment* gEnv = nullptr;
diff --git a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_call_util.h b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_call_util.h
index 1c0fcec..3fa6f9d 100644
--- a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_call_util.h
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_call_util.h
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <utility>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
 namespace {
 namespace detail {
 template <typename>
diff --git a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_test.cpp b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_test.cpp
index 436b88b..4f25465 100644
--- a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_test.cpp
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_test.cpp
@@ -16,35 +16,47 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
+#include <VtsCoreUtil.h>
+#include <android/hardware/wifi/1.0/IWifi.h>
 #include <android/hardware/wifi/supplicant/1.0/ISupplicant.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include "supplicant_hidl_test_utils.h"
 
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_vec;
+using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::IfaceType;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicant;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicantIface;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::SupplicantStatus;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::SupplicantStatusCode;
-using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::IfaceType;
+using ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IWifi;
 
-extern WifiSupplicantHidlEnvironment* gEnv;
-
-class SupplicantHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class SupplicantHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
    public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService();
-        supplicant_ = getSupplicant();
+        wifi_instance_name_ = std::get<0>(GetParam());
+        supplicant_instance_name_ = std::get<1>(GetParam());
+        stopSupplicant(wifi_instance_name_);
+        startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService(wifi_instance_name_,
+                                             supplicant_instance_name_);
+        isP2pOn_ =
+            testing::deviceSupportsFeature("android.hardware.wifi.direct");
+        supplicant_ = getSupplicant(supplicant_instance_name_, isP2pOn_);
         ASSERT_NE(supplicant_.get(), nullptr);
     }
 
-    virtual void TearDown() override { stopSupplicant(); }
+    virtual void TearDown() override { stopSupplicant(wifi_instance_name_); }
 
    protected:
     // ISupplicant object used for all tests in this fixture.
     sp<ISupplicant> supplicant_;
+    bool isP2pOn_ = false;
+    std::string wifi_instance_name_;
+    std::string supplicant_instance_name_;
 };
 
 /*
@@ -52,16 +64,19 @@
  * Ensures that an instance of the ISupplicant proxy object is
  * successfully created.
  */
-TEST(SupplicantHidlTestNoFixture, Create) {
-    startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService();
-    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, getSupplicant().get());
-    stopSupplicant();
+TEST_P(SupplicantHidlTest, Create) {
+    // Stop the proxy object created in setup.
+    stopSupplicant(wifi_instance_name_);
+    startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService(wifi_instance_name_,
+                                         supplicant_instance_name_);
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr,
+              getSupplicant(supplicant_instance_name_, isP2pOn_).get());
 }
 
 /*
  * ListInterfaces
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantHidlTest, ListInterfaces) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantHidlTest, ListInterfaces) {
     std::vector<ISupplicant::IfaceInfo> ifaces;
     supplicant_->listInterfaces(
         [&](const SupplicantStatus& status,
@@ -74,7 +89,7 @@
               std::find_if(ifaces.begin(), ifaces.end(), [](const auto& iface) {
                   return iface.type == IfaceType::STA;
               }));
-    if (gEnv->isP2pOn) {
+    if (isP2pOn_) {
         EXPECT_NE(
             ifaces.end(),
             std::find_if(ifaces.begin(), ifaces.end(), [](const auto& iface) {
@@ -86,7 +101,7 @@
 /*
  * GetInterface
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantHidlTest, GetInterface) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantHidlTest, GetInterface) {
     std::vector<ISupplicant::IfaceInfo> ifaces;
     supplicant_->listInterfaces(
         [&](const SupplicantStatus& status,
@@ -107,7 +122,7 @@
 /*
  * SetDebugParams
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantHidlTest, SetDebugParams) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantHidlTest, SetDebugParams) {
     bool show_timestamp = true;
     bool show_keys = true;
     ISupplicant::DebugLevel level = ISupplicant::DebugLevel::EXCESSIVE;
@@ -124,7 +139,7 @@
 /*
  * GetDebugLevel
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantHidlTest, GetDebugLevel) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantHidlTest, GetDebugLevel) {
     bool show_timestamp = true;
     bool show_keys = true;
     ISupplicant::DebugLevel level = ISupplicant::DebugLevel::EXCESSIVE;
@@ -142,7 +157,7 @@
 /*
  * IsDebugShowTimestampEnabled
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantHidlTest, IsDebugShowTimestampEnabled) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantHidlTest, IsDebugShowTimestampEnabled) {
     bool show_timestamp = true;
     bool show_keys = true;
     ISupplicant::DebugLevel level = ISupplicant::DebugLevel::EXCESSIVE;
@@ -160,7 +175,7 @@
 /*
  * IsDebugShowKeysEnabled
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantHidlTest, IsDebugShowKeysEnabled) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantHidlTest, IsDebugShowKeysEnabled) {
     bool show_timestamp = true;
     bool show_keys = true;
     ISupplicant::DebugLevel level = ISupplicant::DebugLevel::EXCESSIVE;
@@ -178,15 +193,24 @@
 /*
  * SetConcurrenyPriority
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantHidlTest, SetConcurrencyPriority) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantHidlTest, SetConcurrencyPriority) {
     supplicant_->setConcurrencyPriority(
         IfaceType::STA, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
         });
-    if (gEnv->isP2pOn) {
+    if (isP2pOn_) {
         supplicant_->setConcurrencyPriority(
             IfaceType::P2P, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
                 EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
             });
     }
 }
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+    PerInstance, SupplicantHidlTest,
+    testing::Combine(
+        testing::ValuesIn(
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IWifi::descriptor)),
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+            ISupplicant::descriptor))),
+    android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_test_utils.cpp b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_test_utils.cpp
index 7bd04dc..d47e42f 100644
--- a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_test_utils.cpp
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_test_utils.cpp
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@
 
 // Helper function to initialize the driver and firmware to STA mode
 // using the vendor HAL HIDL interface.
-void initilializeDriverAndFirmware() {
-    sp<IWifiChip> wifi_chip = getWifiChip();
+void initilializeDriverAndFirmware(const std::string& wifi_instance_name) {
+    sp<IWifiChip> wifi_chip = getWifiChip(wifi_instance_name);
     ChipModeId mode_id;
     EXPECT_TRUE(configureChipToSupportIfaceType(
         wifi_chip, ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IfaceType::STA, &mode_id));
@@ -65,7 +65,9 @@
 
 // Helper function to deinitialize the driver and firmware
 // using the vendor HAL HIDL interface.
-void deInitilializeDriverAndFirmware() { stopWifi(); }
+void deInitilializeDriverAndFirmware(const std::string& wifi_instance_name) {
+    stopWifi(wifi_instance_name);
+}
 
 // Helper function to find any iface of the desired type exposed.
 bool findIfaceOfType(sp<ISupplicant> supplicant, IfaceType desired_type,
@@ -154,28 +156,38 @@
     std::condition_variable condition_;
 };
 
-void stopSupplicant() {
+void stopSupplicant() { stopSupplicant(""); }
+
+void stopSupplicant(const std::string& wifi_instance_name) {
     SupplicantManager supplicant_manager;
 
     ASSERT_TRUE(supplicant_manager.StopSupplicant());
-    deInitilializeDriverAndFirmware();
+    deInitilializeDriverAndFirmware(wifi_instance_name);
     ASSERT_FALSE(supplicant_manager.IsSupplicantRunning());
 }
 
+// TODO(b/143892896): Remove old APIs after all supplicant tests are updated.
 void startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService() {
-    initilializeDriverAndFirmware();
+    startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService("",
+                                         gEnv->getServiceName<ISupplicant>());
+}
+
+void startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService(
+    const std::string& wifi_instance_name,
+    const std::string& supplicant_instance_name) {
+    initilializeDriverAndFirmware(wifi_instance_name);
 
     android::sp<ServiceNotificationListener> notification_listener =
         new ServiceNotificationListener();
-    string service_name = gEnv->getServiceName<ISupplicant>();
     ASSERT_TRUE(notification_listener->registerForHidlServiceNotifications(
-        service_name));
+        supplicant_instance_name));
 
     SupplicantManager supplicant_manager;
     ASSERT_TRUE(supplicant_manager.StartSupplicant());
     ASSERT_TRUE(supplicant_manager.IsSupplicantRunning());
 
-    ASSERT_TRUE(notification_listener->waitForHidlService(500, service_name));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(notification_listener->waitForHidlService(
+        500, supplicant_instance_name));
 }
 
 bool is_1_1(const sp<ISupplicant>& supplicant) {
@@ -218,6 +230,7 @@
         });
 }
 
+// TODO(b/143892896): Remove old APIs after all supplicant tests are updated.
 sp<ISupplicant> getSupplicant() {
     sp<ISupplicant> supplicant =
         ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase::getService<ISupplicant>(
@@ -232,8 +245,28 @@
     return supplicant;
 }
 
+sp<ISupplicant> getSupplicant(const std::string& supplicant_instance_name,
+                              bool isP2pOn) {
+    sp<ISupplicant> supplicant =
+        ISupplicant::getService(supplicant_instance_name);
+    // For 1.1 supplicant, we need to add interfaces at initialization.
+    if (is_1_1(supplicant)) {
+        addSupplicantStaIface_1_1(supplicant);
+        if (isP2pOn) {
+            addSupplicantP2pIface_1_1(supplicant);
+        }
+    }
+    return supplicant;
+}
+
+// TODO(b/143892896): Remove old APIs after all supplicant tests are updated.
 sp<ISupplicantStaIface> getSupplicantStaIface() {
     sp<ISupplicant> supplicant = getSupplicant();
+    return getSupplicantStaIface(supplicant);
+}
+
+sp<ISupplicantStaIface> getSupplicantStaIface(
+    const sp<ISupplicant>& supplicant) {
     if (!supplicant.get()) {
         return nullptr;
     }
@@ -257,8 +290,14 @@
     return sta_iface;
 }
 
+// TODO(b/143892896): Remove old APIs after all supplicant tests are updated.
 sp<ISupplicantStaNetwork> createSupplicantStaNetwork() {
-    sp<ISupplicantStaIface> sta_iface = getSupplicantStaIface();
+    return createSupplicantStaNetwork(getSupplicant());
+}
+
+sp<ISupplicantStaNetwork> createSupplicantStaNetwork(
+    const sp<ISupplicant>& supplicant) {
+    sp<ISupplicantStaIface> sta_iface = getSupplicantStaIface(supplicant);
     if (!sta_iface.get()) {
         return nullptr;
     }
@@ -278,8 +317,13 @@
     return sta_network;
 }
 
+// TODO(b/143892896): Remove old APIs after all supplicant tests are updated.
 sp<ISupplicantP2pIface> getSupplicantP2pIface() {
-    sp<ISupplicant> supplicant = getSupplicant();
+    return getSupplicantP2pIface(getSupplicant());
+}
+
+sp<ISupplicantP2pIface> getSupplicantP2pIface(
+    const sp<ISupplicant>& supplicant) {
     if (!supplicant.get()) {
         return nullptr;
     }
@@ -303,8 +347,12 @@
     return p2p_iface;
 }
 
+// TODO(b/143892896): Remove old APIs after all supplicant tests are updated.
 bool turnOnExcessiveLogging() {
-    sp<ISupplicant> supplicant = getSupplicant();
+    return turnOnExcessiveLogging(getSupplicant());
+}
+
+bool turnOnExcessiveLogging(const sp<ISupplicant>& supplicant) {
     if (!supplicant.get()) {
         return false;
     }
diff --git a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_test_utils.h b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_test_utils.h
index 21a1ae6..40ad695 100644
--- a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_test_utils.h
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_hidl_test_utils.h
@@ -25,21 +25,47 @@
 
 #include <getopt.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestEnvBase.h>
+#include "wifi_hidl_test_utils.h"
 
 // Used to stop the android wifi framework before every test.
 void stopWifiFramework();
+void stopWifiFramework(const std::string& wifi_instance_name);
 void startWifiFramework();
+void startWifiFramework(const std::string& wifi_instance_name);
+
 void stopSupplicant();
+void stopSupplicant(const std::string& wifi_instance_name);
 // Used to configure the chip, driver and start wpa_supplicant before every
 // test.
-void startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService();
+void startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService(
+    const std::string& wifi_instance_name,
+    const std::string& supplicant_instance_name);
 
 // Helper functions to obtain references to the various HIDL interface objects.
 // Note: We only have a single instance of each of these objects currently.
 // These helper functions should be modified to return vectors if we support
 // multiple instances.
 android::sp<android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicant>
+getSupplicant(const std::string& supplicant_instance_name, bool isP2pOn);
+android::sp<android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicantStaIface>
+getSupplicantStaIface(
+    const android::sp<android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicant>&
+        supplicant);
+android::sp<android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicantStaNetwork>
+createSupplicantStaNetwork(
+    const android::sp<android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicant>&
+        supplicant);
+android::sp<android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicantP2pIface>
+getSupplicantP2pIface(
+    const android::sp<android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicant>&
+        supplicant);
+bool turnOnExcessiveLogging(
+    const android::sp<android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicant>&
+        supplicant);
+
+// TODO(b/143892896): Remove old APIs after all supplicant tests are updated.
+void startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService();
+android::sp<android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicant>
 getSupplicant();
 android::sp<android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicantStaIface>
 getSupplicantStaIface();
diff --git a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_p2p_iface_hidl_test.cpp b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_p2p_iface_hidl_test.cpp
index 0181f7b..8d6f38d 100644
--- a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_p2p_iface_hidl_test.cpp
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_p2p_iface_hidl_test.cpp
@@ -15,9 +15,12 @@
  */
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
+#include <VtsCoreUtil.h>
+#include <android/hardware/wifi/1.0/IWifi.h>
 #include <android/hardware/wifi/supplicant/1.0/ISupplicantP2pIface.h>
 
 #include "supplicant_hidl_call_util.h"
@@ -30,11 +33,13 @@
 using ::android::hardware::Return;
 using ::android::hardware::Void;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::IfaceType;
+using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicant;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicantP2pIface;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicantP2pIfaceCallback;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::SupplicantNetworkId;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::SupplicantStatus;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::SupplicantStatusCode;
+using ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IWifi;
 
 namespace {
 constexpr uint8_t kTestSsidPostfix[] = {'t', 'e', 's', 't'};
@@ -66,26 +71,38 @@
 constexpr SupplicantNetworkId kTestNetworkId = 5;
 }  // namespace
 
-class SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
    public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(turnOnExcessiveLogging());
-        p2p_iface_ = getSupplicantP2pIface();
+        wifi_instance_name_ = std::get<0>(GetParam());
+        supplicant_instance_name_ = std::get<1>(GetParam());
+        stopSupplicant(wifi_instance_name_);
+        startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService(wifi_instance_name_,
+                                             supplicant_instance_name_);
+        isP2pOn_ =
+            testing::deviceSupportsFeature("android.hardware.wifi.direct");
+        supplicant_ = getSupplicant(supplicant_instance_name_, isP2pOn_);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(turnOnExcessiveLogging(supplicant_));
+        p2p_iface_ = getSupplicantP2pIface(supplicant_);
         ASSERT_NE(p2p_iface_.get(), nullptr);
 
         memcpy(mac_addr_.data(), kTestMacAddr, mac_addr_.size());
         memcpy(peer_mac_addr_.data(), kTestPeerMacAddr, peer_mac_addr_.size());
     }
 
-    virtual void TearDown() override { stopSupplicant(); }
+    virtual void TearDown() override { stopSupplicant(wifi_instance_name_); }
 
    protected:
+    bool isP2pOn_ = false;
+    sp<ISupplicant> supplicant_;
     // ISupplicantP2pIface object used for all tests in this fixture.
     sp<ISupplicantP2pIface> p2p_iface_;
     // MAC address to use for various tests.
     std::array<uint8_t, 6> mac_addr_;
     std::array<uint8_t, 6> peer_mac_addr_;
+    std::string wifi_instance_name_;
+    std::string supplicant_instance_name_;
 };
 
 class IfaceCallback : public ISupplicantP2pIfaceCallback {
@@ -177,16 +194,20 @@
  * Ensures that an instance of the ISupplicantP2pIface proxy object is
  * successfully created.
  */
-TEST(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTestNoFixture, Create) {
-    startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService();
-    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, getSupplicantP2pIface().get());
-    stopSupplicant();
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Create) {
+    stopSupplicant(wifi_instance_name_);
+    startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService(wifi_instance_name_,
+                                         supplicant_instance_name_);
+    sp<ISupplicantP2pIface> p2p_iface = getSupplicantP2pIface(
+        getSupplicant(supplicant_instance_name_, isP2pOn_));
+
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, p2p_iface.get());
 }
 
 /*
  * RegisterCallback
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, RegisterCallback) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, RegisterCallback) {
     p2p_iface_->registerCallback(
         new IfaceCallback(), [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -196,7 +217,7 @@
 /*
  * GetName
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, GetName) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, GetName) {
     const auto& status_and_interface_name = HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, getName);
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               status_and_interface_name.first.code);
@@ -206,7 +227,7 @@
 /*
  * GetType
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, GetType) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, GetType) {
     const auto& status_and_interface_type = HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, getType);
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               status_and_interface_type.first.code);
@@ -216,7 +237,7 @@
 /*
  * GetDeviceAddress
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, GetDeviceAddress) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, GetDeviceAddress) {
     p2p_iface_->getDeviceAddress(
         [](const SupplicantStatus& status,
            const hidl_array<uint8_t, 6>& /* mac_addr */) {
@@ -227,7 +248,7 @@
 /*
  * SetSsidPostfix
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetSsidPostfix) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetSsidPostfix) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> ssid(kTestSsidPostfix,
                               kTestSsidPostfix + sizeof(kTestSsidPostfix));
     p2p_iface_->setSsidPostfix(ssid, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
@@ -238,7 +259,7 @@
 /*
  * Find
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Find) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Find) {
     p2p_iface_->find(kTestFindTimeout, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -247,7 +268,7 @@
 /*
  * StopFind
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, StopFind) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, StopFind) {
     p2p_iface_->find(kTestFindTimeout, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -260,7 +281,7 @@
 /*
  * Flush
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Flush) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Flush) {
     p2p_iface_->flush([](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -269,7 +290,7 @@
 /*
  * Connect
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Connect) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Connect) {
     p2p_iface_->connect(
         mac_addr_, ISupplicantP2pIface::WpsProvisionMethod::PBC,
         kTestConnectPin, false, false, kTestConnectGoIntent,
@@ -282,7 +303,7 @@
 /*
  * CancelConnect
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, CancelConnect) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, CancelConnect) {
     p2p_iface_->connect(
         mac_addr_, ISupplicantP2pIface::WpsProvisionMethod::PBC,
         kTestConnectPin, false, false, kTestConnectGoIntent,
@@ -299,7 +320,7 @@
 /*
  * ProvisionDiscovery
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, ProvisionDiscovery) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, ProvisionDiscovery) {
     p2p_iface_->provisionDiscovery(
         mac_addr_, ISupplicantP2pIface::WpsProvisionMethod::PBC,
         [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
@@ -311,7 +332,7 @@
 /*
  * AddGroup
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, AddGroup) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, AddGroup) {
     p2p_iface_->addGroup(false, kTestNetworkId,
                          [](const SupplicantStatus& /* status */) {
                              // TODO: Figure out the initialization sequence for
@@ -324,7 +345,7 @@
 /*
  * RemoveGroup
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, RemoveGroup) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, RemoveGroup) {
     // This is not going to work with fake values.
     EXPECT_NE(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, removeGroup, kTestGroupIfName).code);
@@ -333,7 +354,7 @@
 /*
  * Reject
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Reject) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Reject) {
     p2p_iface_->reject(mac_addr_, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         // This is not going to work with fake values.
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::FAILURE_UNKNOWN, status.code);
@@ -343,7 +364,7 @@
 /*
  * Invite
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Invite) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Invite) {
     p2p_iface_->invite(kTestGroupIfName, mac_addr_, peer_mac_addr_,
                        [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
                            // This is not going to work with fake values.
@@ -355,7 +376,7 @@
 /*
  * Reinvoke
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Reinvoke) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, Reinvoke) {
     p2p_iface_->reinvoke(
         kTestNetworkId, mac_addr_, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             // This is not going to work with fake values.
@@ -367,7 +388,7 @@
 /*
  * ConfigureExtListen
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, ConfigureExtListen) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, ConfigureExtListen) {
     p2p_iface_->configureExtListen(kTestExtListenPeriod, kTestExtListenInterval,
                                    [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
                                        EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
@@ -378,7 +399,7 @@
 /*
  * SetListenChannel
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetListenChannel) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetListenChannel) {
     p2p_iface_->setListenChannel(
         kTestChannel, kTestOperatingClass, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -388,7 +409,7 @@
 /*
  * SetDisallowedFrequencies
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetDisallowedFrequencies) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetDisallowedFrequencies) {
     std::vector<ISupplicantP2pIface::FreqRange> ranges = {
         {kTestFreqRange[0], kTestFreqRange[1]}};
     p2p_iface_->setDisallowedFrequencies(
@@ -400,7 +421,7 @@
 /*
  * GetSsid
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, GetSsid) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, GetSsid) {
     std::array<uint8_t, 6> mac_addr;
     memcpy(mac_addr.data(), kTestMacAddr, mac_addr.size());
     p2p_iface_->getSsid(mac_addr, [](const SupplicantStatus& status,
@@ -413,7 +434,7 @@
 /*
  * GetGroupCapability
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, GetGroupCapability) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, GetGroupCapability) {
     std::array<uint8_t, 6> mac_addr;
     memcpy(mac_addr.data(), kTestMacAddr, mac_addr.size());
     p2p_iface_->getGroupCapability(
@@ -426,7 +447,7 @@
 /*
  * FlushServices
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, FlushServices) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, FlushServices) {
     p2p_iface_->flushServices([](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -435,7 +456,7 @@
 /*
  * SetMiracastMode
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetMiracastMode) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetMiracastMode) {
     p2p_iface_->setMiracastMode(ISupplicantP2pIface::MiracastMode::DISABLED,
                                 [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
                                     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
@@ -456,7 +477,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGroupIdle
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetGroupIdle) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetGroupIdle) {
     // This is not going to work with fake values.
     EXPECT_NE(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, setGroupIdle, kTestGroupIfName,
@@ -467,7 +488,7 @@
 /*
  * SetPowerSave
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetPowerSave) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetPowerSave) {
     // This is not going to work with fake values.
     EXPECT_NE(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
@@ -481,7 +502,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsDeviceName
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsDeviceName) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsDeviceName) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, setWpsDeviceName, kTestWpsDeviceName).code);
@@ -490,7 +511,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsDeviceType
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsDeviceType) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsDeviceType) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, setWpsDeviceType, kTestWpsDeviceType).code);
@@ -499,7 +520,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsManufacturer
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsManufacturer) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsManufacturer) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, setWpsManufacturer, kTestWpsManufacturer).code);
@@ -508,7 +529,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsModelName
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsModelName) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsModelName) {
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, setWpsModelName, kTestWpsModelName).code);
 }
@@ -516,7 +537,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsModelNumber
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsModelNumber) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsModelNumber) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, setWpsModelNumber, kTestWpsModelNumber).code);
@@ -525,7 +546,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsSerialNumber
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsSerialNumber) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsSerialNumber) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, setWpsSerialNumber, kTestWpsSerialNumber).code);
@@ -534,7 +555,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsConfigMethods
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsConfigMethods) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsConfigMethods) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, setWpsConfigMethods, kTestWpsConfigMethods)
@@ -548,7 +569,7 @@
  * This also tests that removeBonjourSerive() returns error when there is no
  * existing bonjour service with the same query data.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, AddAndRemoveBonjourService) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, AddAndRemoveBonjourService) {
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(
                   p2p_iface_, addBonjourService,
@@ -584,7 +605,7 @@
  * This also tests that removeUpnpService() returns error when there is no
  * exsiting upnp service with the same service name.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, AddAndRemoveUpnpService) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, AddAndRemoveUpnpService) {
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, addUpnpService, 0 /* version */,
                           kTestUpnpServiceName)
@@ -604,7 +625,7 @@
 /*
  * EnableWfd
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, EnableWfd) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, EnableWfd) {
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, enableWfd, true).code);
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
@@ -614,8 +635,17 @@
 /*
  * SetWfdDeviceInfo
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWfdDeviceInfo) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest, SetWfdDeviceInfo) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(p2p_iface_, setWfdDeviceInfo, kTestWfdDeviceInfo).code);
 }
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+    PerInstance, SupplicantP2pIfaceHidlTest,
+    testing::Combine(
+        testing::ValuesIn(
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IWifi::descriptor)),
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+            ISupplicant::descriptor))),
+    android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_sta_iface_hidl_test.cpp b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_sta_iface_hidl_test.cpp
index ec102d5..089b3cd 100644
--- a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_sta_iface_hidl_test.cpp
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_sta_iface_hidl_test.cpp
@@ -15,9 +15,12 @@
  */
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
+#include <VtsCoreUtil.h>
+#include <android/hardware/wifi/1.0/IWifi.h>
 #include <android/hardware/wifi/supplicant/1.0/ISupplicantStaIface.h>
 
 #include "supplicant_hidl_call_util.h"
@@ -30,12 +33,14 @@
 using ::android::hardware::Return;
 using ::android::hardware::Void;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::IfaceType;
+using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicant;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicantStaIface;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicantStaIfaceCallback;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicantStaNetwork;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::SupplicantNetworkId;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::SupplicantStatus;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::SupplicantStatusCode;
+using ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IWifi;
 
 namespace {
 constexpr uint8_t kTestMacAddr[] = {0x56, 0x67, 0x67, 0xf4, 0x56, 0x92};
@@ -61,24 +66,36 @@
 constexpr uint16_t kTestWpsConfigMethods = 0xffff;
 }  // namespace
 
-class SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
    public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(turnOnExcessiveLogging());
-        sta_iface_ = getSupplicantStaIface();
+        wifi_instance_name_ = std::get<0>(GetParam());
+        supplicant_instance_name_ = std::get<1>(GetParam());
+        stopSupplicant(wifi_instance_name_);
+        startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService(wifi_instance_name_,
+                                             supplicant_instance_name_);
+        isP2pOn_ =
+            testing::deviceSupportsFeature("android.hardware.wifi.direct");
+        supplicant_ = getSupplicant(supplicant_instance_name_, isP2pOn_);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(turnOnExcessiveLogging(supplicant_));
+        sta_iface_ = getSupplicantStaIface(supplicant_);
         ASSERT_NE(sta_iface_.get(), nullptr);
 
         memcpy(mac_addr_.data(), kTestMacAddr, mac_addr_.size());
     }
 
-    virtual void TearDown() override { stopSupplicant(); }
+    virtual void TearDown() override { stopSupplicant(wifi_instance_name_); }
 
    protected:
+    bool isP2pOn_ = false;
+    sp<ISupplicant> supplicant_;
     // ISupplicantStaIface object used for all tests in this fixture.
     sp<ISupplicantStaIface> sta_iface_;
     // MAC address to use for various tests.
     std::array<uint8_t, 6> mac_addr_;
+    std::string wifi_instance_name_;
+    std::string supplicant_instance_name_;
 };
 
 class IfaceCallback : public ISupplicantStaIfaceCallback {
@@ -159,16 +176,19 @@
  * Ensures that an instance of the ISupplicantStaIface proxy object is
  * successfully created.
  */
-TEST(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTestNoFixture, Create) {
-    startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService();
-    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, getSupplicantStaIface().get());
-    stopSupplicant();
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, Create) {
+    stopSupplicant(wifi_instance_name_);
+    startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService(wifi_instance_name_,
+                                         supplicant_instance_name_);
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, getSupplicantStaIface(
+                           getSupplicant(supplicant_instance_name_, isP2pOn_))
+                           .get());
 }
 
 /*
  * RegisterCallback
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, RegisterCallback) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, RegisterCallback) {
     sta_iface_->registerCallback(
         new IfaceCallback(), [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -178,7 +198,7 @@
 /*
  * GetName
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, GetName) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, GetName) {
     const auto& status_and_interface_name = HIDL_INVOKE(sta_iface_, getName);
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               status_and_interface_name.first.code);
@@ -188,7 +208,7 @@
 /*
  * GetType
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, GetType) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, GetType) {
     const auto& status_and_interface_type = HIDL_INVOKE(sta_iface_, getType);
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               status_and_interface_type.first.code);
@@ -198,14 +218,15 @@
 /*
  * listNetworks.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, listNetworks) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, listNetworks) {
     sta_iface_->listNetworks([](const SupplicantStatus& status,
                                 const hidl_vec<SupplicantNetworkId>& ids) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
         EXPECT_EQ(0u, ids.size());
     });
 
-    sp<ISupplicantStaNetwork> sta_network = createSupplicantStaNetwork();
+    sp<ISupplicantStaNetwork> sta_network =
+        createSupplicantStaNetwork(supplicant_);
     EXPECT_NE(nullptr, sta_network.get());
 
     sta_iface_->listNetworks([](const SupplicantStatus& status,
@@ -218,7 +239,7 @@
 /*
  * Reassociate.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, Reassociate) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, Reassociate) {
     sta_iface_->reassociate([](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -227,7 +248,7 @@
 /*
  * Reconnect.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, Reconnect) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, Reconnect) {
     sta_iface_->reconnect([](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::FAILURE_IFACE_NOT_DISCONNECTED,
                   status.code);
@@ -237,7 +258,7 @@
 /*
  * Disconnect.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, Disconnect) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, Disconnect) {
     sta_iface_->disconnect([](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -246,7 +267,7 @@
 /*
  * SetPowerSave.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetPowerSave) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetPowerSave) {
     sta_iface_->setPowerSave(true, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -258,7 +279,7 @@
 /*
  * InitiateTdlsDiscover.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, InitiateTdlsDiscover) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, InitiateTdlsDiscover) {
     sta_iface_->initiateTdlsDiscover(
         mac_addr_, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -268,7 +289,7 @@
 /*
  * InitiateTdlsSetup.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, InitiateTdlsSetup) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, InitiateTdlsSetup) {
     sta_iface_->initiateTdlsSetup(
         mac_addr_, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -278,7 +299,7 @@
 /*
  * InitiateTdlsTeardown.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, InitiateTdlsTeardown) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, InitiateTdlsTeardown) {
     sta_iface_->initiateTdlsTeardown(
         mac_addr_, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -288,7 +309,7 @@
 /*
  * InitiateAnqpQuery.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, InitiateAnqpQuery) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, InitiateAnqpQuery) {
     std::vector<ISupplicantStaIface::AnqpInfoId> anqp_ids(
         kTestAnqpInfoIds, kTestAnqpInfoIds + sizeof(kTestAnqpInfoIds));
     std::vector<ISupplicantStaIface::Hs20AnqpSubtypes> hs_types(
@@ -304,7 +325,7 @@
 /*
  * InitiateHs20IconQuery.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, InitiateHs20IconQuery) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, InitiateHs20IconQuery) {
     sta_iface_->initiateHs20IconQuery(
         mac_addr_, kTestHs20IconFile, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             // These requests will fail unless the BSSID mentioned is actually
@@ -316,7 +337,7 @@
 /*
  * GetMacAddress.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, GetMacAddress) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, GetMacAddress) {
     sta_iface_->getMacAddress([](const SupplicantStatus& status,
                                  const hidl_array<uint8_t, 6>& mac_addr) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -328,7 +349,7 @@
 /*
  * StartRxFilter.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, StartRxFilter) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, StartRxFilter) {
     sta_iface_->startRxFilter([](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -337,7 +358,7 @@
 /*
  * StopRxFilter.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, StopRxFilter) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, StopRxFilter) {
     sta_iface_->stopRxFilter([](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -346,7 +367,7 @@
 /*
  * AddRxFilter.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, AddRxFilter) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, AddRxFilter) {
     sta_iface_->addRxFilter(ISupplicantStaIface::RxFilterType::V4_MULTICAST,
                             [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
                                 EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
@@ -362,7 +383,7 @@
 /*
  * RemoveRxFilter.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, RemoveRxFilter) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, RemoveRxFilter) {
     sta_iface_->removeRxFilter(ISupplicantStaIface::RxFilterType::V4_MULTICAST,
                                [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
                                    EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
@@ -378,7 +399,7 @@
 /*
  * SetBtCoexistenceMode.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetBtCoexistenceMode) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetBtCoexistenceMode) {
     sta_iface_->setBtCoexistenceMode(
         ISupplicantStaIface::BtCoexistenceMode::ENABLED,
         [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
@@ -399,7 +420,7 @@
 /*
  * SetBtCoexistenceScanModeEnabled.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetBtCoexistenceScanModeEnabled) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetBtCoexistenceScanModeEnabled) {
     sta_iface_->setBtCoexistenceScanModeEnabled(
         true, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -413,7 +434,7 @@
 /*
  * SetSuspendModeEnabled.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetSuspendModeEnabled) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetSuspendModeEnabled) {
     sta_iface_->setSuspendModeEnabled(true, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -426,7 +447,7 @@
 /*
  * SetCountryCode.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetCountryCode) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetCountryCode) {
     sta_iface_->setCountryCode(
         kTestCountryCode, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -436,7 +457,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsDeviceName
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsDeviceName) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsDeviceName) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(sta_iface_, setWpsDeviceName, kTestWpsDeviceName).code);
@@ -445,7 +466,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsDeviceType
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsDeviceType) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsDeviceType) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(sta_iface_, setWpsDeviceType, kTestWpsDeviceType).code);
@@ -454,7 +475,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsManufacturer
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsManufacturer) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsManufacturer) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(sta_iface_, setWpsManufacturer, kTestWpsManufacturer).code);
@@ -463,7 +484,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsModelName
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsModelName) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsModelName) {
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(sta_iface_, setWpsModelName, kTestWpsModelName).code);
 }
@@ -471,7 +492,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsModelNumber
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsModelNumber) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsModelNumber) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(sta_iface_, setWpsModelNumber, kTestWpsModelNumber).code);
@@ -480,7 +501,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsSerialNumber
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsSerialNumber) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsSerialNumber) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(sta_iface_, setWpsSerialNumber, kTestWpsSerialNumber).code);
@@ -489,7 +510,7 @@
 /*
  * SetWpsConfigMethods
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsConfigMethods) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetWpsConfigMethods) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(sta_iface_, setWpsConfigMethods, kTestWpsConfigMethods)
@@ -499,7 +520,7 @@
 /*
  * SetExternalSim
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetExternalSim) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, SetExternalSim) {
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(sta_iface_, setExternalSim, true).code);
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
@@ -509,7 +530,7 @@
 /*
  * AddExtRadioWork
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, AddExtRadioWork) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, AddExtRadioWork) {
     const auto& status_and_radio_work_id =
         HIDL_INVOKE(sta_iface_, addExtRadioWork, kTestRadioWorkName,
                     kTestRadioWorkFrequency, kTestRadioWorkTimeout);
@@ -524,9 +545,18 @@
 /*
  * RemoveExtRadioWork
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, RemoveExtRadioWork) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest, RemoveExtRadioWork) {
     // This fails because there is no on going radio work with kTestRadioWorkId.
     EXPECT_NE(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(sta_iface_, removeExtRadioWork, kTestRadioWorkId).code);
 }
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+    PerInstance, SupplicantStaIfaceHidlTest,
+    testing::Combine(
+        testing::ValuesIn(
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IWifi::descriptor)),
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+            ISupplicant::descriptor))),
+    android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_sta_network_hidl_test.cpp b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_sta_network_hidl_test.cpp
index 832dd41..52f77a1 100644
--- a/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_sta_network_hidl_test.cpp
+++ b/wifi/supplicant/1.0/vts/functional/supplicant_sta_network_hidl_test.cpp
@@ -16,14 +16,16 @@
 
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 
-#include <VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase.h>
-
+#include <VtsCoreUtil.h>
+#include <android/hardware/wifi/1.0/IWifi.h>
 #include <android/hardware/wifi/supplicant/1.0/ISupplicantStaNetwork.h>
-
-#include <android/hardware/wifi/supplicant/1.0/ISupplicantStaNetwork.h>
+#include <gtest/gtest.h>
+#include <hidl/GtestPrinter.h>
+#include <hidl/ServiceManagement.h>
 
 #include "supplicant_hidl_call_util.h"
 #include "supplicant_hidl_test_utils.h"
+#include "wifi_hidl_test_utils.h"
 
 using ::android::sp;
 using ::android::hardware::hidl_array;
@@ -32,12 +34,14 @@
 using ::android::hardware::Return;
 using ::android::hardware::Void;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::IfaceType;
+using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicant;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicantStaIface;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::ISupplicantStaNetwork;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::
     ISupplicantStaNetworkCallback;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::SupplicantStatus;
 using ::android::hardware::wifi::supplicant::V1_0::SupplicantStatusCode;
+using ::android::hardware::wifi::V1_0::IWifi;
 
 namespace {
 constexpr char kTestSsidStr[] = "TestSsid1234";
@@ -74,37 +78,50 @@
      ISupplicantStaNetwork::PairwiseCipherMask::TKIP);
 }  // namespace
 
-class SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest : public ::testing::VtsHalHidlTargetTestBase {
+class SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest
+    : public ::testing::TestWithParam<std::tuple<std::string, std::string>> {
    public:
     virtual void SetUp() override {
-        startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService();
-        EXPECT_TRUE(turnOnExcessiveLogging());
-        sta_network_ = createSupplicantStaNetwork();
+        wifi_instance_name_ = std::get<0>(GetParam());
+        supplicant_instance_name_ = std::get<1>(GetParam());
+        stopSupplicant(wifi_instance_name_);
+        startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService(wifi_instance_name_,
+                                             supplicant_instance_name_);
+        isP2pOn_ =
+            testing::deviceSupportsFeature("android.hardware.wifi.direct");
+        supplicant_ = getSupplicant(supplicant_instance_name_, isP2pOn_);
+        EXPECT_TRUE(turnOnExcessiveLogging(supplicant_));
+        sta_network_ = createSupplicantStaNetwork(supplicant_);
         ASSERT_NE(sta_network_.get(), nullptr);
 
         ssid_.assign(kTestSsidStr, kTestSsidStr + strlen(kTestSsidStr));
     }
 
-    virtual void TearDown() override { stopSupplicant(); }
+    virtual void TearDown() override { stopSupplicant(wifi_instance_name_); }
 
    protected:
     void removeNetwork() {
-      sp<ISupplicantStaIface> sta_iface = getSupplicantStaIface();
-      ASSERT_NE(nullptr, sta_iface.get());
-      uint32_t net_id;
-      sta_network_->getId([&](const SupplicantStatus& status, int network_id) {
-              ASSERT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
-              net_id = network_id;
-          });
-      sta_iface->removeNetwork(net_id, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
-              ASSERT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
-          });
+        sp<ISupplicantStaIface> sta_iface = getSupplicantStaIface(supplicant_);
+        ASSERT_NE(nullptr, sta_iface.get());
+        uint32_t net_id;
+        sta_network_->getId(
+            [&](const SupplicantStatus& status, int network_id) {
+                ASSERT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
+                net_id = network_id;
+            });
+        sta_iface->removeNetwork(net_id, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
+            ASSERT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
+        });
     }
 
+    bool isP2pOn_ = false;
+    sp<ISupplicant> supplicant_;
     // ISupplicantStaNetwork object used for all tests in this fixture.
     sp<ISupplicantStaNetwork> sta_network_;
     // SSID to use for various tests.
     std::vector<uint8_t> ssid_;
+    std::string wifi_instance_name_;
+    std::string supplicant_instance_name_;
 };
 
 class NetworkCallback : public ISupplicantStaNetworkCallback {
@@ -126,16 +143,20 @@
  * Ensures that an instance of the ISupplicantStaNetwork proxy object is
  * successfully created.
  */
-TEST(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTestNoFixture, Create) {
-    startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService();
-    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, createSupplicantStaNetwork().get());
-    stopSupplicant();
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, Create) {
+    stopSupplicant(wifi_instance_name_);
+    startSupplicantAndWaitForHidlService(wifi_instance_name_,
+                                         supplicant_instance_name_);
+    sp<ISupplicant> supplicant =
+        getSupplicant(supplicant_instance_name_, isP2pOn_);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(turnOnExcessiveLogging(supplicant));
+    EXPECT_NE(nullptr, createSupplicantStaNetwork(supplicant).get());
 }
 
 /*
  * RegisterCallback
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, RegisterCallback) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, RegisterCallback) {
     sta_network_->registerCallback(
         new NetworkCallback(), [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -145,7 +166,7 @@
 /*
  * GetInterfaceName
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, GetInterfaceName) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, GetInterfaceName) {
     const auto& status_and_interface_name =
         HIDL_INVOKE(sta_network_, getInterfaceName);
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
@@ -156,7 +177,7 @@
 /*
  * GetType
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, GetType) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, GetType) {
     const auto& status_and_interface_type = HIDL_INVOKE(sta_network_, getType);
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               status_and_interface_type.first.code);
@@ -167,7 +188,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetSsid
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetSsid) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetSsid) {
     sta_network_->setSsid(ssid_, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -181,7 +202,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetBssid
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetBssid) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetBssid) {
     std::array<uint8_t, 6> set_bssid;
     memcpy(set_bssid.data(), kTestBssid, set_bssid.size());
     sta_network_->setBssid(set_bssid, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
@@ -199,7 +220,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetKeyMgmt
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetKeyMgmt) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetKeyMgmt) {
     sta_network_->setKeyMgmt(kTestKeyMgmt, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -213,7 +234,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetProto
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetProto) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetProto) {
     sta_network_->setProto(kTestProto, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -226,7 +247,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetKeyAuthAlg
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetAuthAlg) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetAuthAlg) {
     sta_network_->setAuthAlg(kTestAuthAlg, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
         EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
     });
@@ -240,7 +261,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetGroupCipher
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetGroupCipher) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetGroupCipher) {
     sta_network_->setGroupCipher(
         kTestGroupCipher, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -255,7 +276,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetPairwiseCipher
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetPairwiseCipher) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetPairwiseCipher) {
     sta_network_->setPairwiseCipher(
         kTestPairwiseCipher, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -270,7 +291,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetPskPassphrase
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetPskPassphrase) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetPskPassphrase) {
     sta_network_->setPskPassphrase(
         kTestPskPassphrase, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -285,7 +306,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetPsk
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetPsk) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetPsk) {
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(sta_network_, setPsk, kTestPsk).code);
     const auto& status_and_psk = HIDL_INVOKE(sta_network_, getPsk);
@@ -297,7 +318,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetWepKeys
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetWepTxKeyIdx) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetWepTxKeyIdx) {
     sta_network_->setWepTxKeyIdx(
         kTestWepTxKeyIdx, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -312,7 +333,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetWepKeys
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetWepKeys) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetWepKeys) {
     for (uint32_t i = 0;
          i < static_cast<uint32_t>(
                  ISupplicantStaNetwork::ParamSizeLimits::WEP_KEYS_MAX_NUM);
@@ -334,7 +355,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetScanSsid
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetScanSsid) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetScanSsid) {
     sta_network_->setScanSsid(
         true, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -349,7 +370,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetRequirePmf
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetRequirePmf) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetRequirePmf) {
     sta_network_->setRequirePmf(
         true, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -364,7 +385,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetIdStr
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetIdStr) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetIdStr) {
     sta_network_->setIdStr(
         kTestIdStr, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -376,11 +397,10 @@
         });
 }
 
-
 /*
  * SetGetEapMethod
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapMethod) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapMethod) {
     ISupplicantStaNetwork::EapMethod set_eap_method =
         ISupplicantStaNetwork::EapMethod::PEAP;
     sta_network_->setEapMethod(
@@ -398,7 +418,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapPhase2Method
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapPhase2Method) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapPhase2Method) {
     ISupplicantStaNetwork::EapMethod set_eap_method =
         ISupplicantStaNetwork::EapMethod::PEAP;
     sta_network_->setEapMethod(
@@ -422,7 +442,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapIdentity
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapIdentity) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapIdentity) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> set_identity(kTestIdentity, kTestIdentity + sizeof(kTestIdentity));
     sta_network_->setEapIdentity(
         set_identity, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
@@ -438,7 +458,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapAnonymousIdentity
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapAnonymousIdentity) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapAnonymousIdentity) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> set_identity(kTestIdentity, kTestIdentity + sizeof(kTestIdentity));
     sta_network_->setEapAnonymousIdentity(
         set_identity, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
@@ -454,7 +474,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapPassword
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapPassword) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapPassword) {
     std::vector<uint8_t> set_eap_passwd(
         kTestEapPasswdStr, kTestEapPasswdStr + strlen(kTestEapPasswdStr));
     sta_network_->setEapPassword(
@@ -471,7 +491,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapCACert
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapCACert) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapCACert) {
     sta_network_->setEapCACert(
         kTestEapCert, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -486,7 +506,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapCAPath
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapCAPath) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapCAPath) {
     sta_network_->setEapCAPath(
         kTestEapCert, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -501,7 +521,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapClientCert
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapClientCert) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapClientCert) {
     sta_network_->setEapClientCert(
         kTestEapCert, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -516,7 +536,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapPrivateKeyId
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapPrivateKeyId) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapPrivateKeyId) {
     sta_network_->setEapPrivateKeyId(
         kTestEapPrivateKeyId, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -531,7 +551,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapAltSubjectMatch
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapAltSubjectMatch) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapAltSubjectMatch) {
     sta_network_->setEapAltSubjectMatch(
         kTestEapMatch, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -546,7 +566,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapSubjectMatch
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapSubjectMatch) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapSubjectMatch) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(sta_network_, setEapSubjectMatch, kTestEapMatch).code);
@@ -561,7 +581,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapDomainSuffixMatch
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapDomainSuffixMatch) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapDomainSuffixMatch) {
     sta_network_->setEapDomainSuffixMatch(
         kTestEapMatch, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -576,7 +596,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapEngine
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapEngine) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapEngine) {
     sta_network_->setEapEngine(
         true, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -591,7 +611,7 @@
 /*
  * SetGetEapEngineID
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapEngineID) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetGetEapEngineID) {
     sta_network_->setEapEngineID(
         kTestEapEngineID, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
             EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status.code);
@@ -606,7 +626,7 @@
 /*
  * Enable
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, Enable) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, Enable) {
     // wpa_supplicant doesn't perform any connection initiation
     // unless atleast the Ssid and Ket mgmt params are set.
     sta_network_->setSsid(ssid_, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
@@ -633,7 +653,7 @@
 /*
  * Disable
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, Disable) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, Disable) {
     // wpa_supplicant doesn't perform any connection initiation
     // unless atleast the Ssid and Ket mgmt params are set.
     sta_network_->setSsid(ssid_, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
@@ -656,7 +676,7 @@
 /*
  * Select.
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, Select) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, Select) {
     // wpa_supplicant doesn't perform any connection initiation
     // unless atleast the Ssid and Ket mgmt params are set.
     sta_network_->setSsid(ssid_, [](const SupplicantStatus& status) {
@@ -679,7 +699,7 @@
 /*
  * SendNetworkEapSimGsmAuthResponse
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SendNetworkEapSimGsmAuthResponse) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SendNetworkEapSimGsmAuthResponse) {
     std::vector<ISupplicantStaNetwork::NetworkResponseEapSimGsmAuthParams>
         params;
     ISupplicantStaNetwork::NetworkResponseEapSimGsmAuthParams param;
@@ -695,7 +715,7 @@
 /*
  * SendNetworkEapSimGsmAuthFailure
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SendNetworkEapSimGsmAuthFailure) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SendNetworkEapSimGsmAuthFailure) {
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(sta_network_, sendNetworkEapSimGsmAuthFailure).code);
 }
@@ -703,7 +723,7 @@
 /*
  * SendNetworkEapSimUmtsAuthResponse
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SendNetworkEapSimUmtsAuthResponse) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SendNetworkEapSimUmtsAuthResponse) {
     ISupplicantStaNetwork::NetworkResponseEapSimUmtsAuthParams params;
     params.res = std::vector<uint8_t>(kTestRes, kTestRes + sizeof(kTestRes));
     memcpy(params.ik.data(), kTestIk, params.ik.size());
@@ -717,7 +737,7 @@
 /*
  * SendNetworkEapSimUmtsAuthFailure
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SendNetworkEapSimUmtsAuthFailure) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SendNetworkEapSimUmtsAuthFailure) {
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(sta_network_, sendNetworkEapSimUmtsAuthFailure).code);
 }
@@ -725,7 +745,7 @@
 /*
  * SendNetworkEapSimUmtsAutsResponse
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SendNetworkEapSimUmtsAutsResponse) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SendNetworkEapSimUmtsAutsResponse) {
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(sta_network_, sendNetworkEapSimUmtsAutsResponse,
                           kTestAutParam)
@@ -735,7 +755,7 @@
 /*
  * SendNetworkEapIdentityResponse
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SendNetworkEapIdentityResponse) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SendNetworkEapIdentityResponse) {
     sta_network_->sendNetworkEapIdentityResponse(
         std::vector<uint8_t>(kTestIdentity,
                              kTestIdentity + sizeof(kTestIdentity)),
@@ -747,7 +767,7 @@
 /*
  * SetUpdateIdentifier
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetUpdateIdentifier) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetUpdateIdentifier) {
     EXPECT_EQ(
         SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
         HIDL_INVOKE(sta_network_, setUpdateIdentifier, kTestUpdateIdentifier)
@@ -757,7 +777,7 @@
 /*
  * SetProactiveKeyCaching
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetProactiveKeyCaching) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, SetProactiveKeyCaching) {
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(sta_network_, setProactiveKeyCaching, true).code);
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
@@ -767,7 +787,7 @@
 /*
  * GetWpsNfcConfigurationToken
  */
-TEST_F(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, GetWpsNfcConfigurationToken) {
+TEST_P(SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest, GetWpsNfcConfigurationToken) {
     ASSERT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
               HIDL_INVOKE(sta_network_, setSsid, ssid_).code);
     ASSERT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS,
@@ -780,3 +800,12 @@
     EXPECT_EQ(SupplicantStatusCode::SUCCESS, status_and_token.first.code);
     EXPECT_FALSE(0 == status_and_token.second.size());
 }
+
+INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(
+    PerInstance, SupplicantStaNetworkHidlTest,
+    testing::Combine(
+        testing::ValuesIn(
+            android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(IWifi::descriptor)),
+        testing::ValuesIn(android::hardware::getAllHalInstanceNames(
+            ISupplicant::descriptor))),
+    android::hardware::PrintInstanceTupleNameToString<>);
\ No newline at end of file