diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle/current/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/SubscribeOptions.aidl b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle/current/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/SubscribeOptions.aidl
index 91e7c14..1b1696b 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle/current/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/SubscribeOptions.aidl
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle/current/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/SubscribeOptions.aidl
@@ -37,4 +37,6 @@
   int propId;
   int[] areaIds;
   float sampleRate;
+  float resolution = 0.0f;
+  boolean enableVariableUpdateRate;
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle/current/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaConfig.aidl b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle/current/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaConfig.aidl
index 3322769..08d4ee4 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle/current/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaConfig.aidl
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.automotive.vehicle/current/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaConfig.aidl
@@ -43,4 +43,5 @@
   float maxFloatValue;
   @nullable long[] supportedEnumValues;
   android.hardware.automotive.vehicle.VehiclePropertyAccess access = android.hardware.automotive.vehicle.VehiclePropertyAccess.NONE;
+  boolean supportVariableUpdateRate;
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/SubscribeOptions.aidl b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/SubscribeOptions.aidl
index e68f7e3..69f6190 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/SubscribeOptions.aidl
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/SubscribeOptions.aidl
@@ -39,4 +39,29 @@
      * This value indicates how many updates per second client wants to receive.
      */
     float sampleRate;
+
+    /**
+     * Requested resolution of property updates.
+     *
+     * This value indicates the resolution at which continuous property updates should be sent to
+     * the platform. For example, if resolution is 0.01, the subscribed property value should be
+     * rounded to two decimal places. If the incoming resolution value is not an integer multiple of
+     * 10, VHAL should return a StatusCode::INVALID_ARG.
+     */
+    float resolution = 0.0f;
+
+    /**
+     * Whether to enable variable update rate.
+     *
+     * This only applies for continuous property. If variable update rate is
+     * enabled, for each given areaId, if VHAL supports variable update rate for
+     * the [propId, areaId], VHAL must ignore duplicate property value events
+     * and only sends changed value events (a.k.a treat continuous as an
+     * on-change property).
+     *
+     * If VHAL does not support variable update rate for the [propId, areaId],
+     * indicated by 'supportVariableUpdateRate' in 'VehicleAreaConfig', or if
+     * this property is not a continuous property, this option must be ignored.
+     */
+    boolean enableVariableUpdateRate;
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaConfig.aidl b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaConfig.aidl
index 9fd9bda..08863b2 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaConfig.aidl
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaConfig.aidl
@@ -70,4 +70,31 @@
      * well.
      */
     VehiclePropertyAccess access = VehiclePropertyAccess.NONE;
+
+    /**
+     * Whether variable update rate is supported.
+     *
+     * This applies for continuous property only.
+     *
+     * It is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED to support variable update rate for all non-heartbeat continuous
+     * properties for better performance.
+     *
+     * If variable update rate is supported and 'enableVariableUpdateRate' is true in subscribe
+     * options, VHAL must only sends property update event when the property's value changes
+     * (a.k.a treat continuous as an on-change property).
+     *
+     * E.g. if the client is subscribing at 5hz at time 0. If the property's value is 0 initially
+     * and becomes 1 after 1 second.
+
+     * If variable update rate is not enabled, VHAL clients will receive 5 property change events
+     * with value 0 and 5 events with value 1 after 2 seconds.
+     *
+     * If variable update rate is enabled, VHAL clients will receive 1 property change event
+     * with value 1 at time 1s. VHAL may/may not send a property event for the initial value (e.g.
+     * a property change event with value 0 at time 0s). VHAL client must not rely on the first
+     * property event, and must use getValues to fetch the initial value. In fact, car service is
+     * using getValues to fetch the initial value, convert it to a property event and deliver to
+     * car service clients.
+     */
+    boolean supportVariableUpdateRate;
 }
diff --git a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/proto/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaConfig.proto b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/proto/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaConfig.proto
index 04b7dd4..8093658 100644
--- a/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/proto/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaConfig.proto
+++ b/automotive/vehicle/aidl/impl/proto/android/hardware/automotive/vehicle/VehicleAreaConfig.proto
@@ -44,4 +44,5 @@
      */
     repeated int64 supported_enum_values = 8;
     int32 access = 9;
+    bool support_variable_update_rate = 10;
 };
diff --git a/cas/aidl/default/Android.bp b/cas/aidl/default/Android.bp
index 34ecbf2..06e167c 100644
--- a/cas/aidl/default/Android.bp
+++ b/cas/aidl/default/Android.bp
@@ -80,7 +80,8 @@
 
 cc_fuzz {
     name: "android.hardware.cas-service_fuzzer",
-    vendor: true,
+    // TODO(b/307611931): avoid fuzzing on vendor until hermiticity issue is fixed
+    // vendor: true,
 
     defaults: ["service_fuzzer_defaults"],
     srcs: ["fuzzer.cpp"],
diff --git a/media/c2/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.media.c2/current/android/hardware/media/c2/IComponent.aidl b/media/c2/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.media.c2/current/android/hardware/media/c2/IComponent.aidl
index c7d8a97..7d58340 100644
--- a/media/c2/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.media.c2/current/android/hardware/media/c2/IComponent.aidl
+++ b/media/c2/aidl/aidl_api/android.hardware.media.c2/current/android/hardware/media/c2/IComponent.aidl
@@ -49,8 +49,12 @@
     long blockPoolId;
     android.hardware.media.c2.IConfigurable configurable;
   }
+  parcelable C2AidlGbAllocator {
+    android.hardware.media.c2.IGraphicBufferAllocator igba;
+    ParcelFileDescriptor waitableFd;
+  }
   union BlockPoolAllocator {
     int allocatorId;
-    android.hardware.media.c2.IGraphicBufferAllocator igba;
+    android.hardware.media.c2.IComponent.C2AidlGbAllocator allocator;
   }
 }
diff --git a/media/c2/aidl/android/hardware/media/c2/IComponent.aidl b/media/c2/aidl/android/hardware/media/c2/IComponent.aidl
index a7d94b1..fc923ab 100644
--- a/media/c2/aidl/android/hardware/media/c2/IComponent.aidl
+++ b/media/c2/aidl/android/hardware/media/c2/IComponent.aidl
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 import android.hardware.media.c2.IConfigurable;
 import android.hardware.media.c2.IGraphicBufferAllocator;
 import android.hardware.media.c2.WorkBundle;
+import android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor;
+
 
 /**
  * Interface for an AIDL Codec2 component.
@@ -46,6 +48,18 @@
     }
 
     /**
+     * C2AIDL allocator interface along with a waitable fd.
+     *
+     * The interface is used from a specific type of C2BlockPool to allocate
+     * graphic blocks. the waitable fd is used to create a specific type of
+     * C2Fence which can be used for waiting until to allocate is not blocked.
+     */
+    parcelable C2AidlGbAllocator {
+        IGraphicBufferAllocator igba;
+        ParcelFileDescriptor waitableFd;
+    }
+
+    /**
      * Allocator for C2BlockPool.
      *
      * C2BlockPool will use a C2Allocator which is specified by an id.
@@ -53,7 +67,7 @@
      */
     union BlockPoolAllocator {
         int allocatorId;
-        IGraphicBufferAllocator igba;
+        C2AidlGbAllocator allocator;
     }
 
     /**