Add Fps class

Add a class to wrap a fps value. This is useful because across
the code we
 - convert between vsyncPeriod and fps
 - compare with tolerance (this ensures we use consistent tolerance)
 - consistent toString method

Bug: 159590486
Test: presubmit
Change-Id: Iebb77a33a2f822056642aa61bd6fac6514aa656d
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/Fps.h b/services/surfaceflinger/Fps.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38a9af0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/Fps.h
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2020 The Android Open Source Project
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cmath>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <string>
+
+#include <android-base/stringprintf.h>
+#include <utils/Timers.h>
+
+namespace android {
+
+// Value which represents "frames per second". This class is a wrapper around
+// float, providing some useful utilities, such as comparisons with tolerance
+// and converting between period duruation and frequency.
+class Fps {
+public:
+    static constexpr Fps fromPeriodNsecs(nsecs_t period) { return Fps(1e9f / period, period); }
+
+    Fps() = default;
+    explicit constexpr Fps(float fps)
+          : fps(fps), period(fps == 0.0f ? 0 : static_cast<nsecs_t>(1e9f / fps)) {}
+
+    constexpr float getValue() const { return fps; }
+
+    constexpr nsecs_t getPeriodNsecs() const { return period; }
+
+    bool equalsWithMargin(const Fps& other) const { return std::abs(fps - other.fps) < kMargin; }
+
+    // DO NOT use for std::sort. Instead use comparesLess().
+    bool lessThanWithMargin(const Fps& other) const { return fps + kMargin < other.fps; }
+
+    bool greaterThanWithMargin(const Fps& other) const { return fps > other.fps + kMargin; }
+
+    bool lessThanOrEqualWithMargin(const Fps& other) const { return !greaterThanWithMargin(other); }
+
+    bool greaterThanOrEqualWithMargin(const Fps& other) const { return !lessThanWithMargin(other); }
+
+    bool isValid() const { return fps > 0.0f; }
+
+    int getIntValue() const { return static_cast<int>(std::round(fps)); }
+
+    // Use this comparator for sorting. Using a comparator with margins can
+    // cause std::sort to crash.
+    inline static bool comparesLess(const Fps& left, const Fps& right) {
+        return left.fps < right.fps;
+    }
+
+    // Compares two FPS with margin.
+    // Transitivity is not guaranteed, i.e. a==b and b==c doesn't imply a==c.
+    // DO NOT use with hash maps. Instead use EqualsInBuckets.
+    struct EqualsWithMargin {
+        bool operator()(const Fps& left, const Fps& right) const {
+            return left.equalsWithMargin(right);
+        }
+    };
+
+    // Equals comparator which can be used with hash maps.
+    // It's guaranteed that if two elements are equal, then their hashes are equal.
+    struct EqualsInBuckets {
+        bool operator()(const Fps& left, const Fps& right) const {
+            return left.getBucket() == right.getBucket();
+        }
+    };
+
+    inline friend std::string to_string(const Fps& fps) {
+        return base::StringPrintf("%.2ffps", fps.fps);
+    }
+
+    inline friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Fps& fps) {
+        return os << to_string(fps);
+    }
+
+private:
+    friend std::hash<android::Fps>;
+
+    constexpr Fps(float fps, nsecs_t period) : fps(fps), period(period) {}
+
+    float getBucket() const { return std::round(fps / kMargin); }
+
+    static constexpr float kMargin = 0.001f;
+    float fps = 0;
+    nsecs_t period = 0;
+};
+
+static_assert(std::is_trivially_copyable_v<Fps>);
+
+} // namespace android
+
+namespace std {
+template <>
+struct hash<android::Fps> {
+    std::size_t operator()(const android::Fps& fps) const {
+        return std::hash<float>()(fps.getBucket());
+    }
+};
+} // namespace std
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