diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/mock/LayerFE.h b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/mock/LayerFE.h
index 16aebef..ee0c53d 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/mock/LayerFE.h
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/include/compositionengine/mock/LayerFE.h
@@ -26,8 +26,18 @@
 // Defines the interface used by the CompositionEngine to make requests
 // of the front-end layer.
 class LayerFE : public compositionengine::LayerFE {
-public:
+private:
+    // Making the constructor private as this class implements RefBase,
+    // and constructing it with a different way than sp<LayerFE>::make() causes
+    // a memory leak of the shared state.
     LayerFE();
+
+    // friends class to allow instantiation via sp<LayerFE>::make() and
+    // sp<StrictMock<LayerFE>>::make()
+    friend class sp<LayerFE>;
+    friend class testing::StrictMock<LayerFE>;
+
+public:
     virtual ~LayerFE();
 
     MOCK_CONST_METHOD0(getCompositionState, const LayerFECompositionState*());
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/CompositionEngineTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/CompositionEngineTest.cpp
index 325361b..de9de01 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/CompositionEngineTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/CompositionEngineTest.cpp
@@ -203,9 +203,9 @@
  */
 
 struct CompositionTestPreComposition : public CompositionEngineTest {
-    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> mLayer1FE{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
-    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> mLayer2FE{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
-    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> mLayer3FE{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> mLayer1FE = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> mLayer2FE = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> mLayer3FE = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
 };
 
 TEST_F(CompositionTestPreComposition, preCompositionSetsFrameTimestamp) {
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/DisplayTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/DisplayTest.cpp
index 7dd4c21..b27e30c 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/DisplayTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/DisplayTest.cpp
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
         EXPECT_CALL(*outputLayer, getHwcLayer()).WillRepeatedly(Return(&hwc2Layer));
     }
 
-    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFE = new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>();
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layerFE = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
     StrictMock<mock::OutputLayer>* outputLayer = new StrictMock<mock::OutputLayer>();
     StrictMock<HWC2::mock::Layer> hwc2Layer;
 };
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
         EXPECT_CALL(*outputLayer, getHwcLayer()).WillRepeatedly(Return(nullptr));
     }
 
-    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFE = new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>();
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layerFE = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
     StrictMock<mock::OutputLayer>* outputLayer = new StrictMock<mock::OutputLayer>();
 };
 
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@
 using DisplayCreateOutputLayerTest = FullDisplayImplTestCommon;
 
 TEST_F(DisplayCreateOutputLayerTest, setsHwcLayer) {
-    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFE = new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>();
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layerFE = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
     auto hwcLayer = std::make_shared<StrictMock<HWC2::mock::Layer>>();
 
     EXPECT_CALL(mHwComposer, createLayer(HalDisplayId(DEFAULT_DISPLAY_ID)))
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputLayerTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputLayerTest.cpp
index 132ac02..f67bf06 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputLayerTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputLayerTest.cpp
@@ -109,8 +109,8 @@
     }
 
     compositionengine::mock::Output mOutput;
-    sp<compositionengine::mock::LayerFE> mLayerFE{
-            new StrictMock<compositionengine::mock::LayerFE>()};
+    sp<StrictMock<compositionengine::mock::LayerFE>> mLayerFE =
+            sp<StrictMock<compositionengine::mock::LayerFE>>::make();
     OutputLayer mOutputLayer{mOutput, mLayerFE};
 
     LayerFECompositionState mLayerFEState;
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputTest.cpp
index b13e13c..6e6552f 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/OutputTest.cpp
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@
     }
 
     mock::OutputLayer* outputLayer = {new StrictMock<mock::OutputLayer>};
-    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layerFE = new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>();
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layerFE = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFEState;
     impl::OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerState;
 };
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@
     }
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayer;
-    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layerFE = new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>();
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layerFE = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFEState;
     impl::OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerState;
 };
@@ -722,9 +722,9 @@
 using OutputSetReleasedLayersTest = OutputTest;
 
 TEST_F(OutputSetReleasedLayersTest, setReleasedLayersTakesGivenLayers) {
-    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layer1FE{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
-    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layer2FE{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
-    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layer3FE{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layer1FE = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layer2FE = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layer3FE = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
 
     Output::ReleasedLayers layers;
     layers.push_back(layer1FE);
@@ -1209,7 +1209,7 @@
 
         StrictMock<mock::OutputLayer> outputLayer;
         impl::OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerState;
-        sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layerFE{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
+        sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> layerFE = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
     };
 
     OutputCollectVisibleLayersTest() {
@@ -2957,9 +2957,9 @@
     EXPECT_CALL(mOutput, getOutputLayerCount()).WillOnce(Return(0u));
 
     // Load up the released layers with some mock instances
-    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> releasedLayer1{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
-    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> releasedLayer2{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
-    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> releasedLayer3{new StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>()};
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> releasedLayer1 = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> releasedLayer2 = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
+    sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>> releasedLayer3 = sp<StrictMock<mock::LayerFE>>::make();
     Output::ReleasedLayers layers;
     layers.push_back(releasedLayer1);
     layers.push_back(releasedLayer2);
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/planner/LayerStateTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/planner/LayerStateTest.cpp
index 84b3fc5..0b1c262 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/planner/LayerStateTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/planner/LayerStateTest.cpp
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
         EXPECT_EQ(fields, rhs.getDifferingFields(lhs));
     }
 
-    mock::LayerFE mLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> mLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     mock::OutputLayer mOutputLayer;
     std::unique_ptr<LayerState> mLayerState;
 };
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
 TEST_F(LayerStateTest, getOutputLayer) {
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(&mOutputLayer, mLayerState->getOutputLayer());
@@ -124,14 +124,14 @@
 TEST_F(LayerStateTest, updateOutputLayer) {
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(&mOutputLayer, mLayerState->getOutputLayer());
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(&newOutputLayer, mLayerState->getOutputLayer());
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@
 TEST_F(LayerStateTest, getId) {
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(sSequenceId, mLayerState->getId());
@@ -149,13 +149,13 @@
 TEST_F(LayerStateTest, updateId) {
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState, sSequenceIdTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(sSequenceIdTwo, mLayerState->getId());
@@ -165,12 +165,12 @@
 TEST_F(LayerStateTest, compareId) {
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState, sSequenceIdTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
 TEST_F(LayerStateTest, getName) {
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(sDebugName, mLayerState->getName());
@@ -194,13 +194,13 @@
 TEST_F(LayerStateTest, updateName) {
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState, sSequenceId, sDebugNameTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(sDebugNameTwo, mLayerState->getName());
@@ -210,12 +210,12 @@
 TEST_F(LayerStateTest, compareName) {
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState, sSequenceId, sDebugNameTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.displayFrame = sRectOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(sRectOne, mLayerState->getDisplayFrame());
@@ -241,15 +241,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.displayFrame = sRectOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     outputLayerCompositionStateTwo.displayFrame = sRectTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(sRectTwo, mLayerState->getDisplayFrame());
@@ -260,14 +260,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.displayFrame = sRectOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     outputLayerCompositionStateTwo.displayFrame = sRectTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.compositionType = Composition::DEVICE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Composition::DEVICE, mLayerState->getCompositionType());
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@
     outputLayerCompositionState.forceClientComposition = true;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.compositionType = Composition::DEVICE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Composition::CLIENT, mLayerState->getCompositionType());
@@ -303,15 +303,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.compositionType = Composition::DEVICE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.compositionType = Composition::SOLID_COLOR;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Composition::SOLID_COLOR, mLayerState->getCompositionType());
@@ -322,14 +322,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.compositionType = Composition::DEVICE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.compositionType = Composition::SOLID_COLOR;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -345,15 +345,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.buffer = new GraphicBuffer();
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.buffer = new GraphicBuffer();
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::Buffer), updates);
@@ -363,14 +363,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.buffer = new GraphicBuffer();
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.buffer = new GraphicBuffer();
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -386,15 +386,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.sourceCrop = sFloatRectOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     outputLayerCompositionStateTwo.sourceCrop = sFloatRectTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::SourceCrop), updates);
@@ -404,14 +404,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.sourceCrop = sFloatRectOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     outputLayerCompositionStateTwo.sourceCrop = sFloatRectTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -425,15 +425,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.bufferTransform = Hwc2::Transform::FLIP_H;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     outputLayerCompositionStateTwo.bufferTransform = Hwc2::Transform::FLIP_V;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::BufferTransform), updates);
@@ -443,14 +443,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.bufferTransform = Hwc2::Transform::FLIP_H;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     outputLayerCompositionStateTwo.bufferTransform = Hwc2::Transform::FLIP_V;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -465,15 +465,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.blendMode = hal::BlendMode::COVERAGE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.blendMode = hal::BlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::BlendMode), updates);
@@ -483,14 +483,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.blendMode = hal::BlendMode::COVERAGE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.blendMode = hal::BlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -504,15 +504,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.alpha = sAlphaOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.alpha = sAlphaTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::Alpha), updates);
@@ -522,14 +522,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.alpha = sAlphaOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.alpha = sAlphaTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -543,15 +543,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.metadata[sMetadataKeyOne] = sMetadataValueOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.metadata[sMetadataKeyTwo] = sMetadataValueTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::LayerMetadata), updates);
@@ -561,14 +561,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.metadata[sMetadataKeyOne] = sMetadataValueOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.metadata[sMetadataKeyTwo] = sMetadataValueTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -582,7 +582,7 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.visibleRegion = sRegionOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_TRUE(mLayerState->getVisibleRegion().hasSameRects(sRegionOne));
@@ -592,15 +592,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.visibleRegion = sRegionOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     outputLayerCompositionStateTwo.visibleRegion = sRegionTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::VisibleRegion), updates);
@@ -610,14 +610,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.visibleRegion = sRegionOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     outputLayerCompositionStateTwo.visibleRegion = sRegionTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -631,15 +631,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.dataspace = ui::Dataspace::SRGB;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     outputLayerCompositionStateTwo.dataspace = ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::Dataspace), updates);
@@ -649,14 +649,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.dataspace = ui::Dataspace::SRGB;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     outputLayerCompositionStateTwo.dataspace = ui::Dataspace::DISPLAY_P3;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -674,19 +674,19 @@
                               AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN |
                                       AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_WRITE_OFTEN,
                               "buffer1");
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.buffer =
             new GraphicBuffer(1, 1, PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBX_8888,
                               AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN |
                                       AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_WRITE_OFTEN,
                               "buffer2");
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::Buffer) |
@@ -702,18 +702,18 @@
                               AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN |
                                       AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_WRITE_OFTEN,
                               "buffer1");
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.buffer =
             new GraphicBuffer(1, 1, PIXEL_FORMAT_RGBX_8888,
                               AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_READ_OFTEN |
                                       AHARDWAREBUFFER_USAGE_CPU_WRITE_OFTEN,
                               "buffer2");
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -729,16 +729,16 @@
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.colorTransformIsIdentity = true;
     layerFECompositionState.colorTransform = mat4();
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.colorTransformIsIdentity = false;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.colorTransform = sMat4One;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::ColorTransform), updates);
@@ -749,15 +749,15 @@
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.colorTransformIsIdentity = true;
     layerFECompositionState.colorTransform = mat4();
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.colorTransformIsIdentity = false;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.colorTransform = sMat4One;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -771,15 +771,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.sidebandStream = NativeHandle::create(sFakeSidebandStreamOne, false);
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.sidebandStream = NativeHandle::create(sFakeSidebandStreamTwo, false);
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::SidebandStream), updates);
@@ -789,14 +789,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.sidebandStream = NativeHandle::create(sFakeSidebandStreamOne, false);
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.sidebandStream = NativeHandle::create(sFakeSidebandStreamTwo, false);
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -810,15 +810,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.color = sHalf4One;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.color = sHalf4Two;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::SolidColor), updates);
@@ -828,14 +828,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.color = sHalf4One;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.color = sHalf4Two;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -849,15 +849,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.backgroundBlurRadius = sBgBlurRadiusOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.backgroundBlurRadius = sBgBlurRadiusTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::BackgroundBlurRadius), updates);
@@ -867,14 +867,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.backgroundBlurRadius = sBgBlurRadiusOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.backgroundBlurRadius = sBgBlurRadiusTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -889,15 +889,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.blurRegions.push_back(sBlurRegionOne);
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.blurRegions.push_back(sBlurRegionTwo);
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     Flags<LayerStateField> updates = mLayerState->update(&newOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_EQ(Flags<LayerStateField>(LayerStateField::BlurRegions), updates);
@@ -907,14 +907,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.blurRegions.push_back(sBlurRegionOne);
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.blurRegions.push_back(sBlurRegionTwo);
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -927,7 +927,7 @@
 TEST_F(LayerStateTest, hasBlurBehind_noBlur_returnsFalse) {
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_FALSE(mLayerState->hasBlurBehind());
@@ -937,7 +937,7 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.backgroundBlurRadius = sBgBlurRadiusOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_TRUE(mLayerState->hasBlurBehind());
@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.blurRegions.push_back(sBlurRegionOne);
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     EXPECT_TRUE(mLayerState->hasBlurBehind());
@@ -956,7 +956,7 @@
 TEST_F(LayerStateTest, dumpDoesNotCrash) {
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     std::string dump;
@@ -967,7 +967,7 @@
 TEST_F(LayerStateTest, framesSinceBufferUpdate) {
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
@@ -982,14 +982,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.displayFrame = sRectOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     outputLayerCompositionStateTwo.displayFrame = sRectTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -1001,14 +1001,14 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     outputLayerCompositionState.displayFrame = sRectOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     outputLayerCompositionStateTwo.displayFrame = sRectTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
@@ -1020,15 +1020,15 @@
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionState;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionState;
     layerFECompositionState.buffer = new GraphicBuffer();
-    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(mOutputLayer, *mLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionState);
     mLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&mOutputLayer);
 
     mock::OutputLayer newOutputLayer;
-    mock::LayerFE newLayerFE;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> newLayerFE = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.buffer = new GraphicBuffer();
-    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
+    setupMocksForLayer(newOutputLayer, *newLayerFE, outputLayerCompositionState,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     auto otherLayerState = std::make_unique<LayerState>(&newOutputLayer);
 
diff --git a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/planner/PredictorTest.cpp b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/planner/PredictorTest.cpp
index 6038268..68c72e0 100644
--- a/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/planner/PredictorTest.cpp
+++ b/services/surfaceflinger/CompositionEngine/tests/planner/PredictorTest.cpp
@@ -73,26 +73,26 @@
 
 TEST_F(LayerStackTest, getApproximateMatch_doesNotMatchSizeDifferences) {
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerOne;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEOne;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEOne = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, *layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
                        layerFECompositionStateOne);
     LayerState layerStateOne(&outputLayerOne);
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerTwo;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFETwo;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFETwo = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, *layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     LayerState layerStateTwo(&outputLayerTwo);
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerThree;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEThree;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEThree = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateThree;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateThree;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerThree, layerFEThree, outputLayerCompositionStateThree,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerThree, *layerFEThree, outputLayerCompositionStateThree,
                        layerFECompositionStateThree);
     LayerState layerStateThree(&outputLayerThree);
 
@@ -104,20 +104,20 @@
 
 TEST_F(LayerStackTest, getApproximateMatch_doesNotMatchDifferentCompositionTypes) {
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerOne;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEOne;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEOne = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateOne;
     layerFECompositionStateOne.compositionType = Composition::DEVICE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, *layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
                        layerFECompositionStateOne);
     LayerState layerStateOne(&outputLayerOne);
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerTwo;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFETwo;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFETwo = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.compositionType = Composition::SOLID_COLOR;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, *layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     LayerState layerStateTwo(&outputLayerTwo);
 
@@ -128,22 +128,22 @@
 
 TEST_F(LayerStackTest, getApproximateMatch_matchesSingleDifferenceInSingleLayer) {
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerOne;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEOne;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEOne = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateOne{
             .sourceCrop = sFloatRectOne,
     };
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, *layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
                        layerFECompositionStateOne);
     LayerState layerStateOne(&outputLayerOne);
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerTwo;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFETwo;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFETwo = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo{
             .sourceCrop = sFloatRectTwo,
     };
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, *layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     LayerState layerStateTwo(&outputLayerTwo);
 
@@ -159,22 +159,22 @@
 
 TEST_F(LayerStackTest, getApproximateMatch_matchesSingleDifferenceInMultiLayerStack) {
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerOne;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEOne;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEOne = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateOne{
             .sourceCrop = sFloatRectOne,
     };
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, *layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
                        layerFECompositionStateOne);
     LayerState layerStateOne(&outputLayerOne);
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerTwo;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFETwo;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFETwo = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo{
             .sourceCrop = sFloatRectTwo,
     };
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, *layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     LayerState layerStateTwo(&outputLayerTwo);
 
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(LayerStackTest, getApproximateMatch_doesNotMatchManyDifferences) {
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerOne;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEOne;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEOne = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateOne{
             .visibleRegion = sRegionOne,
             .displayFrame = sRectOne,
@@ -201,12 +201,12 @@
     layerFECompositionStateOne.alpha = sAlphaOne;
     layerFECompositionStateOne.colorTransformIsIdentity = true;
     layerFECompositionStateOne.blendMode = hal::BlendMode::NONE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, *layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
                        layerFECompositionStateOne);
     LayerState layerStateOne(&outputLayerOne);
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerTwo;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFETwo;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFETwo = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo{
             .visibleRegion = sRegionTwo,
             .displayFrame = sRectTwo,
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.colorTransformIsIdentity = false;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.colorTransform = sMat4One;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.blendMode = hal::BlendMode::PREMULTIPLIED;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, *layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     LayerState layerStateTwo(&outputLayerTwo);
 
@@ -230,20 +230,20 @@
 TEST_F(LayerStackTest, getApproximateMatch_exactMatchesSameBuffer) {
     sp<GraphicBuffer> buffer = new GraphicBuffer();
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerOne;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEOne;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEOne = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateOne;
     layerFECompositionStateOne.buffer = buffer;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, *layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
                        layerFECompositionStateOne);
     LayerState layerStateOne(&outputLayerOne);
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerTwo;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFETwo;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFETwo = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.buffer = buffer;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, *layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     LayerState layerStateTwo(&outputLayerTwo);
 
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@
 
 TEST_F(LayerStackTest, getApproximateMatch_alwaysMatchesClientComposition) {
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerOne;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEOne;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEOne = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateOne{
             .visibleRegion = sRegionOne,
             .forceClientComposition = true,
@@ -271,12 +271,12 @@
     layerFECompositionStateOne.buffer = new GraphicBuffer();
     layerFECompositionStateOne.alpha = sAlphaOne;
     layerFECompositionStateOne.colorTransformIsIdentity = true;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, *layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
                        layerFECompositionStateOne);
     LayerState layerStateOne(&outputLayerOne);
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerTwo;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFETwo;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFETwo = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo{
             .visibleRegion = sRegionTwo,
             .forceClientComposition = true,
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.alpha = sAlphaTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.colorTransformIsIdentity = false;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.colorTransform = sMat4One;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, *layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     LayerState layerStateTwo(&outputLayerTwo);
 
@@ -305,24 +305,24 @@
 
 TEST_F(LayerStackTest, getApproximateMatch_doesNotMatchMultipleApproximations) {
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerOne;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEOne;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEOne = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateOne{
             .sourceCrop = sFloatRectOne,
     };
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateOne;
     layerFECompositionStateOne.buffer = new GraphicBuffer();
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, *layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
                        layerFECompositionStateOne);
     LayerState layerStateOne(&outputLayerOne);
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerTwo;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFETwo;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFETwo = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo{
             .sourceCrop = sFloatRectTwo,
     };
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
     layerFECompositionStateTwo.buffer = new GraphicBuffer();
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, *layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     LayerState layerStateTwo(&outputLayerTwo);
 
@@ -348,22 +348,22 @@
 
 TEST_F(LayerStackTest, reorderingChangesNonBufferHash) {
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerOne;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEOne;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEOne = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateOne{
             .sourceCrop = sFloatRectOne,
     };
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, *layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
                        layerFECompositionStateOne);
     LayerState layerStateOne(&outputLayerOne);
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerTwo;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFETwo;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFETwo = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo{
             .sourceCrop = sFloatRectTwo,
     };
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, *layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     LayerState layerStateTwo(&outputLayerTwo);
 
@@ -443,11 +443,11 @@
 
 TEST_F(PredictorTest, getPredictedPlan_recordCandidateAndRetrieveExactMatch) {
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerOne;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEOne;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEOne = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateOne;
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateOne;
     layerFECompositionStateOne.compositionType = Composition::DEVICE;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, *layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
                        layerFECompositionStateOne);
     LayerState layerStateOne(&outputLayerOne);
 
@@ -468,22 +468,22 @@
 
 TEST_F(PredictorTest, getPredictedPlan_recordCandidateAndRetrieveApproximateMatch) {
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerOne;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEOne;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEOne = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateOne{
             .sourceCrop = sFloatRectOne,
     };
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, *layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
                        layerFECompositionStateOne);
     LayerState layerStateOne(&outputLayerOne);
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerTwo;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFETwo;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFETwo = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo{
             .sourceCrop = sFloatRectTwo,
     };
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, *layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     LayerState layerStateTwo(&outputLayerTwo);
 
@@ -505,22 +505,22 @@
 
 TEST_F(PredictorTest, recordMissedPlan_skipsApproximateMatch) {
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerOne;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFEOne;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFEOne = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateOne{
             .sourceCrop = sFloatRectOne,
     };
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateOne;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerOne, *layerFEOne, outputLayerCompositionStateOne,
                        layerFECompositionStateOne);
     LayerState layerStateOne(&outputLayerOne);
 
     mock::OutputLayer outputLayerTwo;
-    mock::LayerFE layerFETwo;
+    sp<mock::LayerFE> layerFETwo = sp<mock::LayerFE>::make();
     OutputLayerCompositionState outputLayerCompositionStateTwo{
             .sourceCrop = sFloatRectTwo,
     };
     LayerFECompositionState layerFECompositionStateTwo;
-    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
+    setupMocksForLayer(outputLayerTwo, *layerFETwo, outputLayerCompositionStateTwo,
                        layerFECompositionStateTwo);
     LayerState layerStateTwo(&outputLayerTwo);